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Ma L, Yang H, Xiao X, Chen Q, Lv W, Xu T, Jin Y, Wang W, Xiao Y. Co-exposure to sodium hypochlorite and cadmium induced locomotor behavior disorder by influencing neurotransmitter secretion and cardiac function in larval zebrafish. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 342:123070. [PMID: 38056588 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.123070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) and cadmium (Cd) are widely co-occurring in natural aquatic environment; however, no study has been conducted on effects of their combined exposure on aquatic organisms. To assess effects of exposure to NaClO and Cd in zebrafish larvae, we designed six treatment groups, as follows: control group, NaClO group (300 μg/L), 1/100 Cd group (48 μg/L), 1/30 Cd group (160 μg/L), NaClO+1/100 Cd group, and NaClO+1/30 Cd group analyzed behavior, neurological function and cardiac function. Results revealed that exposure to 1/30 Cd and NaClO+1/30 Cd caused abnormal embryonic development in larvae by altering body morphology and physiological indicators. Combined exposure to NaClO and 1/30 Cd affected the free-swimming activity and behavior of larvae in response to light-dark transition stimuli. Moreover, exposure to 1/30 Cd or NaClO+1/30 Cd resulted in a significant increase in tyrosine hydroxylase and acetylcholinesterase activities, as well as significant changes of various neurotransmitters. Lastly, exposure to 1/30 Cd or NaClO+1/30 Cd influenced the transcription of cardiac myosin-related genes and disturbed the myocardial contractile function. Altogether, our results suggested that combined exposure to NaClO and Cd induced oxidative damage in larvae, resulting in detrimental effects on nervous system and cardiac function, thus altering their swimming behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingyan Ma
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Agro-Product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China
| | - Hua Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Agro-Product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China
| | - Xingning Xiao
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Agro-Product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China
| | - Qu Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Agro-Product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China
| | - Wentao Lv
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Agro-Product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China
| | - Ting Xu
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310032, China
| | - Yuanxiang Jin
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310032, China
| | - Wen Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Agro-Product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China
| | - Yingping Xiao
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Agro-Product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China.
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Panigrahi AK, Pal PK, Sarkar Paria D. Melatonin as an Ameliorative Agent Against Cadmium- and Lead-Induced Toxicity in Fish: an Overview. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2024:10.1007/s12010-023-04723-3. [PMID: 38224395 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-023-04723-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
Diverse anthropogenic activities and lack of knowledge on its consequences have promoted serious heavy metal contaminations in different aquatic systems throughout the globe. The non-biodegradable nature of most of these toxic heavy metals has increased the concern on their possible bioaccumulation in aquatic organisms as well as in other vertebrates. Among these aquatic species, fish are most sensitive to such contaminated water that not only decreases their chance of survivability in the nature but also increases the probability of biomagnifications of these heavy metals in higher order food chain. After entering the fish body, heavy metals induce detrimental changes in different vital organs by impairing multiple physiological and biochemical pathways that are essential for the species. Such alterations may include tissue damage, induction of oxidative stress, immune-suppression, endocrine disorders, uncontrolled cell proliferation, DNA damage, and even apoptosis. Although uncountable reports have explored the toxic effects of different heavy metals in diverse fish species, but surprisingly, only a few attempts have been made to ameliorate such toxic effects. Since, oxidative stress seems to be the underlying common factor in such heavy metal-induced toxicity, therefore, a potent and endogenous antioxidant with no side effect may be an appropriate therapeutic solution. Apart from summarizing the toxic effects of two important toxicants, i.e., cadmium and lead in fish, the novelty of the present treatise lies in its arguments in favor of using melatonin, an endogenous free radical scavenger and indirect antioxidant, in ameliorating the toxic effects of heavy metals in any fish species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashis Kumar Panigrahi
- The University of Burdwan, Burdwan, West Bengal, 713104, India
- Eco-toxicology, Fisheries & Aquaculture Extension Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, West Beng, al-741235, India
| | - Palash Kumar Pal
- Oxidative Stress and Free Radical Biology Laboratory, Department of Physiology, University of Calcutta, 92, A.P.C. Road, Kolkata, 700009, India
| | - Dipanwita Sarkar Paria
- Department of Zoology, Chandernagore College, The University of Burdwan, Chandernagore, West Beng, al-712136, India.
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3
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Noor MI, Rahman MS. Roundup® disrupts tissue architecture, attenuates Na +/K +-ATPase expression, and induces protein oxidation/nitration, cellular apoptosis, and antioxidant enzyme expressions in the gills of goldfish, Carassius auratus. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2023; 272:109710. [PMID: 37532112 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2023.109710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
Extensive agricultural activities to feed the growing population are one major driving force behind aquatic pollution. Different types of pesticides are used in farmlands to increase crop production and wash up into water bodies. Glyphosate-based herbicide Roundup® is one of the most used pesticides in the United States; however, its effects on teleost species are still poorly understood. This study focused on the effects of environmentally relevant concentrations of Roundup exposure (low- and high-dose: 0.5 and 5 μg/L for 2-week) on Na+/K+-ATPase (NKA, a biomarker for sodium‑potassium ion pump efficacy), cytochrome P450-1A (CYP1A, a monooxygenase enzyme), 2,4-dinitrophenyl protein (DNP, a biomarker for protein oxidation), 3-nitrotyrosine protein (NTP, a biomarker for protein nitration), superoxidase dismutase (SOD, an antioxidant enzyme), catalase (CAT, an antioxidant enzyme) expressions, and cellular apoptosis in the gills of goldfish. Histopathological and in situ TUNEL analyses showed widespread tissue damage, including lamellar fusion, loss of gill architecture, club shape of primary lamellae, mucous formation, and distortion in the epithelium layer, as well as apoptotic nuclei in gills. Immunohistochemical and qRT-PCR analyses provided insights into the expressions of molecular indicators in gills. Fish exposed to Roundup exhibited a significant (P < 0.05) downregulation of NKA expression in gills. Additionally, we observed upregulation of CYP1A, DNP, NTP, SOD, and CAT expressions in the gills of goldfish. Overall, our results suggest that exposure to Roundup causes disruption of gill architecture, induces protein oxidation/nitration and cellular apoptosis, and alters prooxidant-antioxidant homeostasis in tissues, which may lead to reduced fitness and survivability of teleost species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Imran Noor
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Program, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Brownsville, TX, USA
| | - Md Saydur Rahman
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Program, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Brownsville, TX, USA; School of Integrative Biological and Chemical Sciences, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Brownsville, TX, USA; School of Earth, Environmental, and Marine Sciences, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Brownsville, TX, USA.
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4
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Zhang YM, Lin CY, Li BZ, Cheng YX, Xu WB, Xiao Y, Chen DY, Dong WR, Shu MA. The health risk for consumers under heavy metal scenarios: Reduce bioaccumulation of Cd in estuary mud crab (Scylla paramamosain) through the antagonism of Se. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 844:157149. [PMID: 35798109 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metal pollution has gained increasing attention over past years, and notably, cadmium (Cd) is a non-essential heavy metal that can be toxic to human and wildlife. Furthermore, selenium (Se) is a component of the selenoproteins and influences the toxicity of Cd in different organisms, and protect organisms as a kind of heavy metal antagonist. This study exposed mud crab to 5.0 mg/L Cd for 28 days, and investigated whether different concentrations (0.1, 0.2, 0.3 mg/kg) of selenite (Na2SeO3) or selenomethionine (SeMet) affect the bioaccumulation of Cd, serum biochemical index, antioxidant and stress-response genes of S. paramamosain. The results showed that the Cd concentration in Cd group was significantly higher than the organic or inorganic Se group. Serum biochemical index demonstrated that Se might relieve the damage or dysfunction of hepatopancreas caused by both Cd accumulation and toxicity. Furthermore, Se improved CAT, GPx T-AOC and SOD activity, and decreased MDA concentrations and the lipid peroxidation levels, antagonistic to Cd. Then, this study analyzed the expression of 26 stress-related genes, the results indicated that the inorganic and organic Se might reduce the damage of cell and the toxicity of heavy metals in the hepatopancreas after Cd exposure. Therefore, this study indicated that Se might alleviate Cd toxicity via the different antioxidative mechanisms, and increased the understanding of environmental toxins on estuary crustaceans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Mei Zhang
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Chen-Yang Lin
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Bang-Ze Li
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yuan-Xin Cheng
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Wen-Bin Xu
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yi Xiao
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Da-Yong Chen
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Wei-Ren Dong
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Miao-An Shu
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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5
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Wang Y, Weng Y, Lv L, Wang D, Yang G, Jin Y, Wang Q. Transgenerational effects of co-exposure to cadmium and carbofuran on zebrafish based on biochemical and transcriptomic analyses. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 439:129644. [PMID: 35882171 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.129644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Revised: 07/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The combined toxicity of heavy metals and pesticides to aquatic organisms is still largely unexplored. In this study, we investigated the combined impacts of cadmium (Cd) and carbofuran (CAR) on female zebrafish (F0 generation) and their following F1 generation. Results showed that mixtures of Cd and CAR induced acute synergistic effects on both zebrafish adults of the F0 generation and embryos of the F1 generation. Combined exposure to Cd and CAR could obviously alter the hepatic VTG level of females, and the individual exposures increased the relative mRNA levels of vtg1 and vtg2. Through maternal transmission, co-exposure of Cd and CAR caused toxicity to 4-day-old larvae of the F1 generation, evidenced by the significant changes in T4 and VTG levels, CYP450 activity, and the relative transcriptional levels of genes related to the hormone, oxidative stress, and apoptosis. These effects were also reflected by the global gene expression pattern to 7-day-old larvae of F1 generation using the transcriptomic analysis, and they could also affect energy metabolism. Our results provided a more comprehensive insight into the transgenerational toxic impacts of heavy metal and pesticide mixtures. These findings highlighted that it was highly necessary to consider transgenerational exposures in the ecological risk assessment of chemical mixtures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhua Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Quality and Standard for Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, Zhejiang, China
| | - You Weng
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lu Lv
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Quality and Standard for Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, Zhejiang, China
| | - Dou Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Quality and Standard for Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, Zhejiang, China
| | - Guiling Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Quality and Standard for Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yuanxiang Jin
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Qiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Quality and Standard for Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, Zhejiang, China.
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Liu Y, Guo J, Yang F, Deng Y, Peng Y, Meng Y, Liu W, Cheng B, Fu J, Zhang J, Liao X, Lu H. Effects of chlorobromoisocyanuric acid on embryonic development and immunotoxicity of zebrafish. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2022; 37:468-477. [PMID: 34842326 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 11/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Although chlorobromoisocyanuric acid has been widely used in agriculture, its deleterious toxicity on aquatic organisms remains rare. In this study, zebrafish were exposed to chlorobromoisocyanuric acid (0, 30, 40, and 50 mg/L) from 10 to 96 h post-fertilization (hpf). We found a significant reduction in immune cell numbers (neutrophils and macrophages) and the area of thymus at 96 hpf. The expression of immune-related genes and pro-inflammatory cytokines genes were upregulated. Besides, chlorobromoisocyanuric acid triggered neutrophils cell apoptosis. The mRNA and protein levels of pro-apoptotic p53 pathway and the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio further indicated the underlying mechanism. Furthermore, the oxidative stress was observed that the accumulation of reactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde significantly increased. Subsequently, the antioxidant agent astaxanthin significantly attenuated the level of oxidative stress and the dysregulation of inflammatory response. In summary, our results showed that chlorobromoisocyanuric acid induced developmental defects and immunotoxicity of zebrafish, partly owing to oxidative stress and cell apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Liu
- College of life sciences, Jiangxi Normal university, Nanchang, China
| | - Jing Guo
- College of life sciences, Jiangxi Normal university, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory of Zebrafish Modeling and Drug Screening for Human Diseases, Ji'an, China
- College of Life Sciences, Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Organs, Ji'an, China
| | - Fengjie Yang
- College of life sciences, Jiangxi Normal university, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory of Zebrafish Modeling and Drug Screening for Human Diseases, Ji'an, China
- College of Life Sciences, Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Organs, Ji'an, China
| | - Yunyun Deng
- College of life sciences, Jiangxi Normal university, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory of Zebrafish Modeling and Drug Screening for Human Diseases, Ji'an, China
- College of Life Sciences, Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Organs, Ji'an, China
| | - Yuyang Peng
- Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory of Zebrafish Modeling and Drug Screening for Human Diseases, Ji'an, China
- College of Life Sciences, Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Organs, Ji'an, China
| | - Yunlong Meng
- Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory of Zebrafish Modeling and Drug Screening for Human Diseases, Ji'an, China
- College of Life Sciences, Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Organs, Ji'an, China
| | - Wenjin Liu
- College of life sciences, Jiangxi Normal university, Nanchang, China
| | - Bo Cheng
- Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory of Zebrafish Modeling and Drug Screening for Human Diseases, Ji'an, China
- College of Life Sciences, Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Organs, Ji'an, China
| | - Jianping Fu
- College of life sciences, Jiangxi Normal university, Nanchang, China
| | - June Zhang
- College of life sciences, Jiangxi Normal university, Nanchang, China
| | - Xinjun Liao
- Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory of Zebrafish Modeling and Drug Screening for Human Diseases, Ji'an, China
- College of Life Sciences, Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Organs, Ji'an, China
| | - Huiqiang Lu
- Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory of Zebrafish Modeling and Drug Screening for Human Diseases, Ji'an, China
- College of Life Sciences, Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Organs, Ji'an, China
- Ganzhou Key Laboratory for Drug Screening and Discovery, School of Geography and Environmental Engineering, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, China
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Li J, Zhang W, Zhou P, Tong X, Guo D, Lin H. Selenium deficiency induced apoptosis via mitochondrial pathway caused by Oxidative Stress in porcine gastric tissues. Res Vet Sci 2021; 144:142-148. [PMID: 34809980 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2021.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Selenium (Se) is an essential nutrient for the body, which can ensure GSH-Px activity and has antioxidant effect. Se deficiency may lead to apoptosis in various tissues and organs in animals. Pigs as major livestock in the farming industry, Se deficiency can cause various types of diseases such as white muscle disease, and mulberry heart disease.The aim of this experiment was to investigate the effect and mechanism of Se deficiency on apoptosis in porcine gastric tissue. Forty weaned piglets were randomly divided into Se deficiency group and control group, and fed with low Se diet and normal diet for six weeks respectively. The histochemical characteristics, antioxidant indexes, apoptotic genes and apoptotic protein expression of gastric cells in Se-deficient piglets were detected. The results of antioxidant index, TUNEL, RT-PCR and Western blot showed that Se deficiency decreased the activities of CAT, SOD and GSH-Px, increased the apoptotic rate of porcine gastric tissue, increased the expression of Bax and Caspase-3, and decreased the expression of Bcl-2. The results demonstrated that Se deficiency could induce apoptosis in porcine gastric tissue cells through oxidative stress-induced mitochondrial pathway. The stomach was a key target of Se deficiency and may play a key role in the response to Se deficiency. Our study may provide new ideas for the prevention and treatment of swine gastric diseases caused by Se deficiency and is beneficial to the development of pig farming industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahe Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P. R. China
| | - Wenyue Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P. R. China
| | - Pei Zhou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoxue Tong
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P. R. China
| | - Dan Guo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P. R. China
| | - Hongjin Lin
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P. R. China; Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P. R. China.
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8
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Biochemical and histological alterations induced by nickel oxide nanoparticles in the ground beetle Blaps polychresta (Forskl, 1775) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae). PLoS One 2021; 16:e0255623. [PMID: 34559804 PMCID: PMC8462711 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0255623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study evaluates the effect of nickel oxide nanoparticles on some biochemical parameters and midgut tissues in the ground beetle Blaps polychresta as an indicator organism for nanotoxicity. Serial doses of the NiO-NPs colloid (0.01, 0.02, 0.03, 0.04, 0.05, and 0.06 mg/g) were prepared for injecting into the adult beetles. Insect survival was reported daily for 30 days, and the sublethal dose of 0.02 mg/g NiO-NPs was selected for the tested parameters. After the treatment, nickel was detected in the midgut tissues by X-ray microanalysis. The treated group demonstrated a significant increase in aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activities when compared to the untreated group. However, the treated group demonstrated a significant decrease in ascorbate peroxidase (APOX) activity when compared to the untreated group. Histological and ultrastructural changes in the midgut tissues of treated and untreated beetles were also observed. The current findings provide a precedent for describing the physiological and histological changes caused by NiO-NPs in the ground beetle B. polychresta.
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9
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Huang CH, Wang FT, Chan WH. Alternariol exerts embryotoxic and immunotoxic effects on mouse blastocysts through ROS-mediated apoptotic processes. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2021; 10:719-732. [PMID: 34484663 PMCID: PMC8403814 DOI: 10.1093/toxres/tfab054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Alternariol (AOH), a mycotoxin belonging to the genus Alternaria, has been shown to induce cytotoxicity, including apoptosis and cell cycle arrest, in several mammalian cell types. However, its effects on early-stage embryonic development require further investigation. Here, we have shown that AOH exerts embryotoxic effects on mouse blastocyst-stage embryos and long-term adverse effects on immunity in one-day-old newborn mice of the next generation. Significant apoptosis and decrease in total cell number, predominantly through loss of inner cell mass (ICM), and to a minor extent, trophectoderm (TE) cells, were observed in AOH-treated blastocysts. Moreover, AOH exerted detrimental effects on pre- and post-implantation embryo development potential and induced a decrease in fetal weight in in vitro development and embryo transfer assays. Injection of pregnant mice with AOH (1, 3 and 5 mg/kg body weight/day) for 4 days resulted in apoptosis of blastocyst-stage embryos and injurious effects on embryonic development from the zygote to blastocyst stage or embryo degradation and a further decrease in fetal weight. Furthermore, AOH exerted a long-term impact on the next generation, triggering a significant increase in total oxidative stress content and expression of genes encoding antioxidant proteins. Lower expression of CXCL1, IL-1β and IL-8 related to innate immunity was detected in liver tissue extracts obtained from one-day-old newborns of AOH-injected pregnant mice (5 mg/kg body weight/day) relative to their non-treated counterparts. In addition, ROS served as an upstream regulator of AOH-triggered apoptotic processes and impairment of embryonic development. Our collective results highlight the potential of AOH as an embryotoxic and immunotoxic risk factor during embryo and infant development stages in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Hsun Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taoyuan General Hospital, Ministry of Health & Welfare, Taoyuan City 33004, Taiwan
| | - Fu-Ting Wang
- Rehabilitation and Technical Aid Center, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei City 11217, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Hsiung Chan
- Department of Bioscience Technology and Center for Nanotechnology, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chung Li District, Taoyuan City 32023, Taiwan
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10
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Choudhury C, Mazumder R, Biswas R, Sengupta M. Cadmium exposure induces inflammation through the canonical NF-κΒ pathway in monocytes/macrophages of Channa punctatus Bloch. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2021; 110:116-126. [PMID: 33453382 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2021.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Revised: 12/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A vast range of research related to the toxicity of the heavy metal cadmium (Cd) has been carried out in a wide variety of fish species. However, Cd induced immunomodulation in monocytes/macrophages of Channa punctatus Bloch. has rarely been explored. The present study was designed to determine Cd induced immune response, role of NF-κB (nuclear factor kappa B) pathway and the subsequent downstream molecular responses in monocytes/macrophages of C. punctatus. Fish were sampled and acclimatized, with one group treated with cadmium chloride (CdCl2) (1.96 mg/L) and another kept as untreated control group, both under observation for 7 days. Exposure to CdCl2 was found to alter hematological profile of C. punctatus in addition to incurring histo-architectural damages in the HK (head kidney) and ultrastructural changes in the monocytes/macrophages. The innate immune potential was found to be significantly compromised as evident from decreased phagocytosis, intracellular killing, cell adhesion and reduced release of nitric oxide (NO) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) in Cd intoxicated group. Also Cd triggered ROS generation, reduced cellular NO levels by forming peroxynitrite along with the upregulated expression of the inflammatory marker iNOS (inducible nitric oxide synthase) in monocytes/macrophages, both at mRNA and protein levels, indicating inflammation. Inflammation is further verified from the upregulated expression of proinflammatory cytokines viz. TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-12 along with a central inflammatory mediator NF-κΒ and downregulation of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10, both at mRNA and protein levels. It can be concluded that, a sub-lethal exposure of Cd in C. punctatus for 7 days caused significant alterations in the hematological, histological and ultrastructural profile in monocytes/macrophages; impaired innate immune parameters, triggers ROS generation and inflammation as validated from the upregulated expression of NF-κΒ, iNOS, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-12 and IL-10 downregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chohelee Choudhury
- Department of Biotechnology, Assam University, Silchar, Assam, 788011, India
| | - Ritwik Mazumder
- Department of Economics, Assam University, Silchar, Assam, 788011, India
| | - Rajib Biswas
- Department of Pathology, Silchar Medical College, Silchar, Assam, 788014, India
| | - Mahuya Sengupta
- Department of Biotechnology, Assam University, Silchar, Assam, 788011, India.
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11
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Li HH, Bao LS, Deng SM, Liu L, Cheng J, Chen X, Pan YX, Zhang JS, Chu WY. Investigation of Proteus vulgaris and Elizabethkingia meningoseptica invasion on muscle oxidative stress and autophagy in Chinese soft-shelled turtle (Pelodiscus sinensis). Sci Rep 2021; 11:3657. [PMID: 33574492 PMCID: PMC7878920 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-83388-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Muscle is an important structural tissue in aquatic animals and it is susceptible to bacterial and fungal infection, which could affect flesh quality and health. In this study, Chinese soft-shelled turtles were artificially infected with two pathogens, Proteus vulgaris and Elizabethkingia meningoseptica and the effects on muscle nutritional characteristics, oxidative stress and autophagy were assayed. Upon infection, the muscle nutritional composition and muscle fiber structure were notably influenced. Meanwhile, the mRNA expression of Nrf2 was down-regulated and Keap1 up-regulated, thus resulting in a decrease in antioxidant capacity and oxidative stress. However, with N-acetylcysteine treatment, the level of oxidative stress was decreased, accompanied by significant increases in antioxidant enzyme activities and the mRNA levels of SOD, CAT, GSTCD, and GSTO1. Interestingly, there was a significant increase in autophagy in the muscle tissue after the pathogen infection, but this increase could be reduced by N-acetylcysteine treatment. Our findings suggest that muscle nutritional characteristics were dramatically changed after pathogen infection, and oxidative stress and autophagy were induced by pathogen infection. However, N-acetylcysteine treatment could compromise the process perhaps by decreasing the ROS level and regulating Nrf2-antioxidant signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Hui Li
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Quality Control of Aquatic Animals, College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University, Changsha, China
- College of Chemistry and Food Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha, China
| | - Ling-Sheng Bao
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Quality Control of Aquatic Animals, College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University, Changsha, China
| | | | - Li Liu
- Hunan Fisheries Science Institute, Changsha, China
| | - Jia Cheng
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Quality Control of Aquatic Animals, College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiao Chen
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Quality Control of Aquatic Animals, College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University, Changsha, China
| | - Ya-Xiong Pan
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Quality Control of Aquatic Animals, College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University, Changsha, China
| | - Jian-She Zhang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Quality Control of Aquatic Animals, College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University, Changsha, China.
| | - Wu-Ying Chu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Quality Control of Aquatic Animals, College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University, Changsha, China.
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12
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Mani R, Rose S, Suresh A, Sambantham S, Anandan B, Ibrahim M, Meena B. Cellular alterations and damage to the renal tissue of marine catfish Arius arius following Cd exposure and the possible sequestrant role of Metallothionein. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2021; 163:111930. [PMID: 33373888 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2020] [Revised: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Cd is a non-degradable heavy metal pollutant with no known biological role. When taken up by living organisms from the environment, it causes extensive tissue damage. Here, we studied the effects of exposure to 20 mg/L-1CdCl2for 0, 24, 48, and 72 h on the renal tissue of marine catfish Arius arius. Cd uptake, metallothionein (MT) induction, microarchitectural alterations, DNA fragmentation, and caspase-3 activity were studied. Cd and MT levels were time-dependent and positively correlated. The diameter of the Bowman's capsule and tubules was significantly increased. Meanwhile, the density, diameter, and volume of the glomerulus as well as the density and volume of tubules decreased. Cd induced apoptosis though elevatedcaspase-3 activity. These results support the notion that exposure to sublethal Cd levels induces oxidative stress, leading to structural and functional impairment of the kidneys. Cd uptake and MT induction can serve as useful environmental biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramalingam Mani
- Department of Biotechnology, St. Peter's University, Chennai 600 054, India; Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Vision Research Foundation, Sankara Nethralaya, Chennai 600 006, India
| | - Sumit Rose
- Department of Zoology, Presidency College (Autonomous), Chennai 600 005, India
| | - Ayothi Suresh
- Department of Zoology, Presidency College (Autonomous), Chennai 600 005, India
| | | | | | - Muhammed Ibrahim
- Department of Anatomy, Dr. ALMPG IBMS, University of Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Boominathan Meena
- Department of Zoology, Presidency College (Autonomous), Chennai 600 005, India.
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13
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Yiming Z, Hang Y, Bing S, Hua X, Bo H, Honggui L, Shu L. Antagonistic effect of VDR/CREB1 pathway on cadmium-induced apoptosis in porcine spleen. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 209:111819. [PMID: 33360786 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a toxic trace element that can enter the environment with industrial waste and accumulate in the body but the health effects of Cd on ternary pigs are still lacking in research. In order to explore the effect of Cd on the apoptosis of pig spleen and its mechanism, this study chose ternary pig as the research object to detect relevant indicators in pig spleen under Cd exposure. The results of this study showed that Cd exposure can induce apoptosis by promoting the absorption of various toxic trace elements in the spleen and inducing oxidative stress. We also found that the mechanism of Cd-induced apoptosis is closely related to the VDR/CREB1 pathway. On the one hand, Cd exposure can activate VDR, and indirectly regulate the CYP family, affecting the normal function of the spleen. On the other hand, VDR and its downstream genes antagonize the toxicity of Cd by maintaining the stability of the mitochondrial-related endoplasmic reticulum membrane structure. Our research will help researchers to further understand the physiological toxicity of Cd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhang Yiming
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Yin Hang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Shao Bing
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Xue Hua
- Natl Selenium Rich Prod Qual Supervis & Inspect C, Enshi 445000, China
| | - Huang Bo
- Natl Selenium Rich Prod Qual Supervis & Inspect C, Enshi 445000, China
| | - Liu Honggui
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China.
| | - Li Shu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China.
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14
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Choudhury C, Mazumder R, Kumar R, Dhar B, Sengupta M. Cadmium induced oxystress alters Nrf2-Keap1 signaling and triggers apoptosis in piscine head kidney macrophages. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2021; 231:105739. [PMID: 33434705 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2020.105739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) with no known functional role in any life-form has myriad of harmful effects. The present study was designed to elucidate the mechanism of Cd-induced oxystress generation and its impact on antioxidant and apoptosis signaling pathways in head kidney macrophage (HKM) of Channa punctatus Bloch. Fish were sampled and acclimatized with one group treated with cadmium chloride (CdCl2) (1.96 mg/L) and another as untreated control group, both kept under observation for 7 days. Exposure to Cd caused ultrastructural changes along with reduced head kidney somatic index (HKSI). Significantly increased levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), respiratory burst activity, lipid peroxidation, DNA fragmentation and superoxide dismutase were found in the HKM from the treated group as compared to control. In contrast, antioxidant enzymes like catalase and reduced glutathione activity decreased in the Cd exposed group. The suppressed antioxidant activity was further confirmed and corroborated from the altered expression of Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1) and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) genes, the major player of antioxidant pathway. Cd induced alteration in Nrf2-Keap1 signaling pathway was also validated by the diminished levels of Nrf2 dependent expression of protein like heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1). The flow cytometry analysis supported the event of apoptosis in Cd exposed group as compared to control, which was further confirmed by the upregulated expression of caspase-3, caspase-8, caspase-9, TNF-α and p53 genes from the real-time gene expression study. In addition, altered protein level of cytochrome C validates the incidence of apoptosis. Altogether, our results demonstrate that exposure to Cd caused oxidative stress in HKM of Channa punctatus Bloch. by compromising the antioxidant enzyme activities via the down regulation of expression of genes related to antioxidant signaling pathway besides encouraging apoptosis via both mitochondrial and death receptor pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chohelee Choudhury
- Department of Biotechnology, Assam University, Silchar, Assam, 788011, India
| | - Ritwik Mazumder
- Department of Economics, Assam University, Silchar, Assam, 788011, India
| | - Rajeev Kumar
- Dr. S. Krishnamurthi Centre for Research & Education in Cancer (SKCREC) Cachar Cancer Hospital, Silchar, Assam, 788011, India
| | - Bishal Dhar
- S. N. Bose Innovation Centre, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, West Bengal, 741235, India
| | - Mahuya Sengupta
- Department of Biotechnology, Assam University, Silchar, Assam, 788011, India.
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15
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Gautam A, Ray A, Manna S, Sarkar MP, Ghosh AR, Ray M, Ray S. Shift in phagocytosis, lysosomal stability, lysozyme activity, apoptosis and cell cycle profile in the coelomocytes of earthworm of polluted soil near a tannery field of India. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 200:110713. [PMID: 32464436 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Revised: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/02/2020] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Calcutta Leather Complex of the state of West Bengal, India has been designated as an industrially active zone with around 400 active tannery units. This area spanning 4.5 km2 is surrounded by human habitation. The soil of this region is contaminated with metal pollutants and exhibited an alteration in selected physicochemical parameters, namely cation exchange capacity, moisture content, pH, total nitrogen, total organic carbon and water holding capacity. Metaphire posthuma, a common variety of endogeic earthworm inhabiting this region is thus continuously exposed to these toxic metals. Coelomocytes, the chief immune effector cells of earthworm presented a shift in phagocytosis, lysosomal membrane stability, lysozyme and phosphatase activity, physiological apoptosis and cell cycle profile of M. posthuma sampled from the soil of tannery industry. Presence of high concentration of toxic metals and change in the physicochemical characteristics of soil led to a state of cellular stress and immunocompromisation in M. posthuma, a common inhabitant of soil of this region. Experimental endpoints bear ecotoxicological significance as biomarkers of physiological stress in earthworm for monitoring the health of soil around this tannery industrial zone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arunodaya Gautam
- Aquatic Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Calcutta, 35 Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, 700019, West Bengal, India.
| | - Abhishek Ray
- Aquatic Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Calcutta, 35 Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, 700019, West Bengal, India.
| | - Sourav Manna
- Semiochemicals and Lipid Laboratory, Department of Life Science, Presidency University, 86/1, College Street, Kolkata, 700073, West Bengal, India.
| | - Mousumi Poddar Sarkar
- Semiochemicals and Lipid Laboratory, Department of Life Science, Presidency University, 86/1, College Street, Kolkata, 700073, West Bengal, India.
| | - Apurba Ratan Ghosh
- Department of Environmental Science, The University of Burdwan, Golapbag, Bardhaman, 713104, West Bengal, India.
| | - Mitali Ray
- Aquatic Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Calcutta, 35 Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, 700019, West Bengal, India.
| | - Sajal Ray
- Aquatic Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Calcutta, 35 Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, 700019, West Bengal, India.
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16
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Park K, Han EJ, Ahn G, Kwak IS. Effects of combined stressors to cadmium and high temperature on antioxidant defense, apoptotic cell death, and DNA methylation in zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 716:137130. [PMID: 32045767 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Revised: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Fish are frequently affected by environmental stressors, such as temperature changes and heavy metal exposure, in aquatic ecosystems. In this study, we evaluated the combined effects of cadmium (Cd) toxicity and temperature (rearing temperature of 26 °C and heat stress at 34 °C) on zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos. The survival and heart rates of zebrafish embryos decreased at relatively high Cd concentrations of 0.07 and 0.1 mg L-1. Abnormal morphology was induced by exposure to a combination of Cd toxicity and heat stress. The yolk sac edema size was not significantly different between the control- and Cd-treated groups. Cd exposure induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and cell death in the live zebrafish. High temperature (34 °C) triggered Cd-induced cell death and intracellular ROS production to a greater extent than the rearing temperature of 26 °C. Transcriptional levels of six genes-CAT, SOD, p53, BAX, Dnmt1, and Dnmt3b-were investigated. The mRNA expression of CAT and SOD, molecular indicators of oxidative stress, was increased significantly at 34 °C after Cd exposure. The mRNA expression of CAT was more sensitive to temperature than that of SOD in Cd-treated zebrafish. p53 and BAX, apoptosis-related genes, were upregulated upon combined exposure to high temperature and Cd. In addition, at 34 °C, the expression of Dnmt1 and Dnmt3b transcripts, markers of DNA methylation, was increased upon exposure of zebrafish to all concentrations of Cd. Overall, these results suggest that high temperature facilitates the potential role of Cd toxicity in the transcriptional regulation of genes involved in the antioxidant system, apoptosis, and DNA methylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiyun Park
- Fisheries Science Institute, Chonnam National University, Yeosu 59626, South Korea
| | - Eui Jeong Han
- Department of Marine Bio-food Science, College of Fisheries and Ocean Sciences, Chonnam National University, 500-749, South Korea
| | - Ginnae Ahn
- Department of Marine Bio-food Science, College of Fisheries and Ocean Sciences, Chonnam National University, 500-749, South Korea
| | - Ihn-Sil Kwak
- Fisheries Science Institute, Chonnam National University, Yeosu 59626, South Korea; Faculty of Marine Technology, Chonnam National University, Yeosu 550-749, South Korea.
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17
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Cheng B, Zhang H, Hu J, Peng Y, Yang J, Liao X, Liu F, Guo J, Hu C, Lu H. The immunotoxicity and neurobehavioral toxicity of zebrafish induced by famoxadone-cymoxanil. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 247:125870. [PMID: 31931321 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.125870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Revised: 01/04/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
As a new protective and therapeutic fungicide, studies on famoxadone-cymoxanil are rare, and its toxicity to aquatic organisms has not been reported. In the present study, zabrafish embryos were exposed to several concentrations of famoxadone-cymoxanil at 10 hpf. Then, the changes of their shape, heart rate, development and function of innate and adaptive immune cells, oxidative stress, apoptosis, the expression of apoptosis-related genes and immune-related genes, the locomotor behavior were observed and detected in acute toxicity of famoxadone-cymoxanil. Our studies showed that, after exposure to famoxadone-cymoxanil, zebrafish embryos had decreased heart rate, shortened body length, swollen yolk sac. Secondly, the number of innate and adaptive immune cells was significantly reduced; and neutrophil migration and retention at the injury area were inhibited, indicating the developmental toxicity and immunotoxicity of famoxadone-cymoxanil on the zebrafish. We also found that the oxidative stress related indicators of embryos were changed significantly, and apoptosis were substantially increased. Further investigation of changes of some key genes in TLR signaling including TLR4, MYD88 and NF-κB p65 revealed that the mRNA expression of these genes was up-regulated. Meanwhile, the mRNA expression of some proinflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL6 and IL-1β was also up-regulated. In addition, the activity, the total distance, time and average speed were decreased along with the increase of exposure concentration. The absolute turn angle, sinuosity and the enzymatic activity of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) were also increased. These results suggested that famoxadone-cymoxanil can induce developmental toxicity, immunotoxicity and neurobehavioral toxicity in zebrafish larvae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Cheng
- Department of Bioscience, College of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China; Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory of Zebrafish Modeling and Drug Screening for Human Diseases, Ji'an, 343009, Jiangxi, China; Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Organs, Ji'an, 343009, Jiangxi, China
| | - Hua Zhang
- Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory of Zebrafish Modeling and Drug Screening for Human Diseases, Ji'an, 343009, Jiangxi, China; Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Organs, Ji'an, 343009, Jiangxi, China; Affiliated Hospital of Jinggangshan University, College of Life Sciences, Jinggangshan University, Ji'an, 343009, China
| | - Jihuan Hu
- Department of Bioscience, College of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China
| | - Yuyang Peng
- Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory of Zebrafish Modeling and Drug Screening for Human Diseases, Ji'an, 343009, Jiangxi, China; Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Organs, Ji'an, 343009, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jian Yang
- Department of Endodontics, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Nan Chang University, Nanchang, 330031, China
| | - Xinjun Liao
- Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory of Zebrafish Modeling and Drug Screening for Human Diseases, Ji'an, 343009, Jiangxi, China; Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Organs, Ji'an, 343009, Jiangxi, China; Affiliated Hospital of Jinggangshan University, College of Life Sciences, Jinggangshan University, Ji'an, 343009, China
| | - Fasheng Liu
- Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory of Zebrafish Modeling and Drug Screening for Human Diseases, Ji'an, 343009, Jiangxi, China; Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Organs, Ji'an, 343009, Jiangxi, China; Affiliated Hospital of Jinggangshan University, College of Life Sciences, Jinggangshan University, Ji'an, 343009, China
| | - Jun Guo
- Department of Endodontics, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Nan Chang University, Nanchang, 330031, China
| | - Chengyu Hu
- Department of Bioscience, College of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China.
| | - Huiqiang Lu
- Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory of Zebrafish Modeling and Drug Screening for Human Diseases, Ji'an, 343009, Jiangxi, China; Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Organs, Ji'an, 343009, Jiangxi, China; Affiliated Hospital of Jinggangshan University, College of Life Sciences, Jinggangshan University, Ji'an, 343009, China.
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18
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Cheng B, Zhang H, Jia K, Li E, Zhang S, Yu H, Cao Z, Xiong G, Hu C, Lu H. Effects of spinetoram on the developmental toxicity and immunotoxicity of zebrafish. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 96:114-121. [PMID: 31786342 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.11.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Revised: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/28/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Our study investigated the effects of spinetoram on the developmental toxicity and immunotoxicity of zebrafish. 10 h post-fertilization (hpf) zebrafish embryos were exposed to several concentrations of spinetoram (0, 5.0 mg/L, 7.5 mg/L, 10 mg/L) for up to 96 hpf, and their mortality, heart rate, number of innate and adaptive immune cells, oxidative stress, apoptosis and gene expression were detected. Studies indicated that the spinetoram exposed zebrafish embryos showed yolk sac edema, slow growth, decreased heart rate, decreased number of immune cells, delayed thymic development and cell apoptosis. In addition, there were also significant changes in oxidative stress related indicators in zebrafish, the content of ROS and MDA and the activity of CAT and SOD increased with the increase of spinetoram concentration. Moreover, we detected the expression of TLR4 related genes including TLR4, MYD88 and NF-κB p65 which were significantly up-regulated in the treated groups. Meanwhile, we also found that pro-inflammatory factors IL-6, IL-8, IFN-γ and CXCL-c1c were up-regulated, but anti-inflammatory factor IL-10 was down-regulated in the treated groups. Briefly, our results show that spinetoram induces the developmental toxicity and immunotoxicity of zebrafish to a certain extent, providing basis for the further research on the molecular mechanism of spinetoram exposure to aquatic ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Cheng
- Department of Bioscience, College of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China; Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory of Zebrafish Modeling and Drug Screening for Human Diseases, Ji'an, 343009, Jiangxi, China; Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Organs, Ji'an, 343009, Jiangxi, China
| | - Hua Zhang
- Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory of Zebrafish Modeling and Drug Screening for Human Diseases, Ji'an, 343009, Jiangxi, China; Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Organs, Ji'an, 343009, Jiangxi, China; Center for Developmental Biology of Jinggangshan University, College of Life Sciences, Jinggangshan University, Ji'an, 343009, Jiangxi, China
| | - Kun Jia
- Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory of Zebrafish Modeling and Drug Screening for Human Diseases, Ji'an, 343009, Jiangxi, China; Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Organs, Ji'an, 343009, Jiangxi, China; Center for Developmental Biology of Jinggangshan University, College of Life Sciences, Jinggangshan University, Ji'an, 343009, Jiangxi, China
| | - Enchao Li
- Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory of Zebrafish Modeling and Drug Screening for Human Diseases, Ji'an, 343009, Jiangxi, China; Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Organs, Ji'an, 343009, Jiangxi, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shouhua Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Jiangxi Provincial Children's Hospital, Nanchang, 330006, PR China
| | - Huiyun Yu
- Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory of Zebrafish Modeling and Drug Screening for Human Diseases, Ji'an, 343009, Jiangxi, China; Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Organs, Ji'an, 343009, Jiangxi, China; Center for Developmental Biology of Jinggangshan University, College of Life Sciences, Jinggangshan University, Ji'an, 343009, Jiangxi, China
| | - Zigang Cao
- Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory of Zebrafish Modeling and Drug Screening for Human Diseases, Ji'an, 343009, Jiangxi, China; Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Organs, Ji'an, 343009, Jiangxi, China; Center for Developmental Biology of Jinggangshan University, College of Life Sciences, Jinggangshan University, Ji'an, 343009, Jiangxi, China
| | - Guanghua Xiong
- Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory of Zebrafish Modeling and Drug Screening for Human Diseases, Ji'an, 343009, Jiangxi, China; Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Organs, Ji'an, 343009, Jiangxi, China; Center for Developmental Biology of Jinggangshan University, College of Life Sciences, Jinggangshan University, Ji'an, 343009, Jiangxi, China
| | - Chengyu Hu
- Department of Bioscience, College of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China.
| | - Huiqiang Lu
- Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory of Zebrafish Modeling and Drug Screening for Human Diseases, Ji'an, 343009, Jiangxi, China; Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Organs, Ji'an, 343009, Jiangxi, China; Center for Developmental Biology of Jinggangshan University, College of Life Sciences, Jinggangshan University, Ji'an, 343009, Jiangxi, China.
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19
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Baldwin WS. Phase 0 of the Xenobiotic Response: Nuclear Receptors and Other Transcription Factors as a First Step in Protection from Xenobiotics. NUCLEAR RECEPTOR RESEARCH 2019; 6:101447. [PMID: 31815118 PMCID: PMC6897393 DOI: 10.32527/2019/101447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
This mini-review examines the crucial importance of transcription factors as a first line of defense in the detoxication of xenobiotics. Key transcription factors that recognize xenobiotics or xenobiotic-induced stress such as reactive oxygen species (ROS), include AhR, PXR, CAR, MTF, Nrf2, NF-κB, and AP-1. These transcription factors constitute a significant portion of the pathways induced by toxicants as they regulate phase I-III detoxication enzymes and transporters as well as other protective proteins such as heat shock proteins, chaperones, and anti-oxidants. Because they are often the first line of defense and induce phase I-III metabolism, could these transcription factors be considered the phase 0 of xenobiotic response?
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Affiliation(s)
- William S Baldwin
- Clemson University, Biological Sciences/Environmental Toxicology, 132 Long Hall, Clemson, SC 29634
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20
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Avian Stress-Related Transcriptome and Selenotranscriptome: Role during Exposure to Heavy Metals and Heat Stress. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:antiox8070216. [PMID: 31295914 PMCID: PMC6680911 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8070216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Revised: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Selenium, through incorporation into selenoproteins, is one of the key elements of the antioxidant system. Over the past few years there has been increased interest in exploring those molecular mechanisms in chicken, responsible for the development of this protection system. In more detail, Cd/Pb poisoning and heat stress increase oxidation, mRNA levels of inflammatory proteins, and apoptotic proteins. Selenium seems to enhance the antioxidant status and alleviates these effects via upregulation of antioxidant proteins and other molecular effects. In this review, we analyze avian transcriptome key elements with particular emphasis on interactions with heavy metals and on relation to heat stress.
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21
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Luo H, Wang Q, He Z, Wu Y, Long A, Yang Y. Protection of dietary selenium-enriched seaweed Gracilaria lemaneiformis against cadmium toxicity to abalone Haliotis discus hannai. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 171:398-405. [PMID: 30634091 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.12.105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Revised: 12/29/2018] [Accepted: 12/31/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Seaweed Gracilaria lemaneiformis is the main dietary source of the abalone mariculture industry in China. In this study, we examined the protection of selenium (Se)-enriched G. lemaneiformis against cadmium (Cd) toxicity in the abalone, Haliotis discus hannai, using various indices including metal concentration (Se and Cd), growth rate, GPx enzymatic antioxidants, and metallothionein (MT) concentration over a period of 28 days of exposure. The growth rates and Se contents increased significantly in abalones fed with Se-enriched G. lemaneiformis, while the toxicity of Cd was reduced. Seven to 12 days Cd exposure to the Se-enriched G. lemaneiformis not only affected GPx activity but the MT levels fluctuated irregularly. MT concentrations increased after 3 days exposure and then gradually decreased to the control level after Day 7. There were statistically significant positive correlations between MT levels, GPx activity and Se concentrations, and negative relationships between MT levels, GPx activity and Cd levels in abalones. These findings suggest that Se-enriched Gracilaria protects abalone against Cd toxicity. The possible mechanism is the induction of MT with a concomitant increased capacity of GPx enzymatic antioxidants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongtian Luo
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Key Laboratory of Aquatic Eutrophication and Control of Harmful Algal Blooms, Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qing Wang
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Key Laboratory of Aquatic Eutrophication and Control of Harmful Algal Blooms, Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhili He
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Environmental Microbiome Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuhui Wu
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Key Laboratory of Aquatic Eutrophication and Control of Harmful Algal Blooms, Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Aimin Long
- State Key laboratory of Tropic Ocean Environment (LTO), South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China; School of Earth Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Yufeng Yang
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Key Laboratory of Aquatic Eutrophication and Control of Harmful Algal Blooms, Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.
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22
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Pillet M, Castaldo G, De Weggheleire S, Bervoets L, Blust R, De Boeck G. Limited oxidative stress in common carp (Cyprinus carpio, L., 1758) exposed to a sublethal tertiary (Cu, Cd and Zn) metal mixture. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2019; 218:70-80. [PMID: 30658133 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2019.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Revised: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Analyzing effects of metal mixtures is important to obtain a realistic understanding of the impact of mixed stress in natural ecosystems. The impact of a one-week exposure to a sublethal metal mixture containing copper (4.8 μg/L), cadmium (2.9 μg/L) and zinc (206.8 μg/L) was evaluated in the common carp (Cyprinus carpio). To explore whether this exposure induced oxidative stress or whether defense mechanisms were sufficiently fitting to prevent oxidative stress, indicators of apoptosis (expression of caspase 9 [CASP] gene) and of oxidative stress (malondialdehyde [MDA] level and xanthine oxidase [XO] activity) were measured in liver and gills, as well as activities and gene expression of enzymes involved in antioxidant defense (superoxide dismutase [SOD], catalase [CAT], glutathione peroxidase [GPx], glutathione reductase [GR] and glutathione-S-transferase [GST]). The total antioxidative capacity (T-AOC) was also quantified. No proof of oxidative stress was found in either tissue but there was indication of apoptosis in the liver. CAT, GPx, GR and GST total activities were reduced after 7 days, suggesting a potential decrease of glutathione levels and risk of increased free radicals if the exposure would have lasted longer. There were no major changes in the total activities of antioxidant enzymes in the gills, but the relative expression of the genes coding for CAT and GR were triggered, suggesting a response at the transcription level. These results indicate that C. carpio is well equipped to handle these levels of metal pollution, at least during short term exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Pillet
- Systemic Physiological and Ecotoxicological Research, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium.
| | - G Castaldo
- Systemic Physiological and Ecotoxicological Research, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - S De Weggheleire
- Systemic Physiological and Ecotoxicological Research, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - L Bervoets
- Systemic Physiological and Ecotoxicological Research, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - R Blust
- Systemic Physiological and Ecotoxicological Research, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - G De Boeck
- Systemic Physiological and Ecotoxicological Research, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
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23
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Dabour K, Al Naggar Y, Masry S, Naiem E, Giesy JP. Cellular alterations in midgut cells of honey bee workers (Apis millefera L.) exposed to sublethal concentrations of CdO or PbO nanoparticles or their binary mixture. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 651:1356-1367. [PMID: 30360267 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.09.311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2018] [Revised: 09/19/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Beside many beneficial applications in industry, agriculture and medicine, nanoparticles (NPs) released into the environment might cause adverse effects. In the present study, effects of exposure to sublethal concentrations of PbO and CdO NPs, either separately or in combination on honey bee (A. mellifera) workers were assessed. Honey bee workers were fed sugar syrup contained (20% of LC50) of CdO (0.01 mg ml-1) and PbO (0.65 mg ml-1) NPs either separately or combined for nine days under laboratory conditions. Control bees were fed 1.5 M sucrose syrup without NPs. Effects on histological and cellular structure of mid gut cells were investigated using light and electron microscope. Percentages of incidence of apoptosis or/and necrosis in mid gut cells were also quantified by use of flow cytometry. Rapture of the peritrophic membrane (PM) was among the most observed histopathological alteration in bees fed sugar syrup contained CdO NPs separately or combined with PbO NPs. Common cytological alterations observed in epithelial cells were irregular distribution or/and condensation of nuclear chromatin, mitochondrial swelling and lysis, and rough endoplasmic reticulum (rER) dilation, fragmentation, and vesiculation and were quite similar in all treated groups compared to control. The greatest incidence (%) of necrosis was observed in bees fed the diet that contained CdO NPs alone. The greatest % of both apoptosis and necrosis was observed in bees fed sugar syrup spiked with sublethal concentrations of both metal oxide NPs. Joint action of the binary mixture of Cd and Pb oxide NPs on honey bees was concluded to be antagonistic. Collectively, exposure of honey bees to these metal oxide NPs even at sublethal concentrations will adversely affect viability of the colony and further studies are still required to determine the effects of these metal oxide NPs on behavior and pollination ecology of honeybees.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaled Dabour
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, 31527 Tanta, Egypt
| | - Yahya Al Naggar
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, 31527 Tanta, Egypt; Centre of Integrative Bee Research (CIBER), Entomology Department, University of California at Riverside, Riverside, CA 92507, USA.
| | - Saad Masry
- Department of Plant Protection and Molecular Diagnosis, Arid Lands Cultivation, Research Institute, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City), 21934 Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Elsaied Naiem
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, 31527 Tanta, Egypt
| | - John P Giesy
- Department of Biomedical Veterinary Sciences and Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SKS7N 5B3, Canada
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24
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Huang CH, Wang FT, Chan WH. Enniatin B1 exerts embryotoxic effects on mouse blastocysts and induces oxidative stress and immunotoxicity during embryo development. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2019; 34:48-59. [PMID: 30259633 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2018] [Revised: 08/17/2018] [Accepted: 08/18/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Enniatins are mycotoxins of Fusarium fungi that naturally exist as mixtures of cyclic depsipeptides. Previous reports have documented hazardous effects of enniatins on cells, such as apoptosis. However, their effects on pre- and post-implantation embryonic development require further clarification. Here, we showed for the first time that enniatin B1 (ENN B1) exerts cytotoxic effects on mouse blastocyst-stage embryos and induces intracellular oxidative stress and immunotoxicity in mouse fetuses. Co-incubation of blastocysts with ENN B1 triggered significant apoptosis and led to a decrease in total cell number predominantly through loss of inner cell mass. In addition, ENN B1 appeared to exert hazardous effects on pre and postimplantation embryo development potential in an in vitro development assay. Treatment of blastocysts with 1-10 μM ENN B1 led to increased resorption of post-implantation embryos and decreased fetal weight in the embryo transfer assay in a dose-dependent manner. Importantly, in an in vivo model, intravenous injection with ENN B1 (1, 3, and 5 mg/kg body weight/d) for 4 days resulted in apoptosis of blastocyst-stage embryos and impairment of embryonic development from the zygote to blastocyst stage, subsequent degradation of embryos, and further decrease in fetal weight. Intravenous injection with 5 mg/kg body weight/d ENN B1 additionally induced a significant increase in total reactive oxygen species (ROS) content and transcription levels of genes encoding antioxidant proteins in mouse fetal liver. Moreover, ENN B1 triggered apoptosis through ROS generation and strategies to prevent apoptotic processes effectively rescued ENN B1-mediated hazardous effects on embryonic development. Transcription levels of CXCL1, IL-1β, and IL-8 related to innate immunity were downregulated after intravenous injection of ENN B1. These results collectively highlight the potential of ENN B1 to exert cytotoxic effects on embryos as well as oxidative stress and immunotoxicity during mouse embryo development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Hsun Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taoyuan General Hospital, Ministry of Health & Welfare, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Fu-Ting Wang
- Rehabilitation and Technical Aid Center, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Hsiung Chan
- Department of Bioscience Technology and Center for Nanotechnology, Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
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25
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Zhu QH, Zhou ZK, Tu DD, Zhou YL, Wang C, Liu ZP, Gu WB, Chen YY, Shu MA. Effect of cadmium exposure on hepatopancreas and gills of the estuary mud crab (Scylla paramamosain): Histopathological changes and expression characterization of stress response genes. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2018; 195:1-7. [PMID: 29197714 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2017.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2017] [Revised: 11/24/2017] [Accepted: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a heavy metal that accumulates easily in organisms and causes several detrimental effects, including tissue damage. Cd contamination from anthropogenic terrestrial sources flows into rivers, and through estuaries to the ocean. To evaluate the toxic effects of Cd on estuary crustaceans, we exposed the mud crab Scylla paramamosain to various Cd concentrations (0, 10.0, 20.0, and 40.0mg/L) for 24h. We also exposed mud crabs to a fixed Cd concentration (20.0mg/L) for various periods of time (0, 6, 12, 24, 48, and 72h). We observed that after exposure to Cd, the surfaces of the gill lamellae were wrinkled, and the morphologies of the nuclei and mitochondria in the hepatopancreas were altered. We analyzed the expression profiles of 36 stress-related genes after Cd exposure, including those encoding metallothioneins, heat shock proteins, apoptosis-related proteins, and antioxidant proteins, with quantitative reverse transcription PCR. We found that exposure to Cd altered gene expression, and that some genes might be suitable bioindicators of Cd stress. Gene expression profiles were organ-, duration-, and concentration-dependent, suggesting that stress-response genes might be involved in an innate defense system for handling heavy metal exposure. To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first one of histopathology and stress-response gene expression pattern of Scylla paramamosain after Cd exposure. Our work could increase our understanding of the effect of environmental toxins on estuary crustaceans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi-Hui Zhu
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhong-Kai Zhou
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan-Dan Tu
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi-Lian Zhou
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Cong Wang
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Ze-Peng Liu
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-Bin Gu
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Yin Chen
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China.
| | - Miao-An Shu
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China.
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26
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Wang X, Bao R, Fu J. The Antagonistic Effect of Selenium on Cadmium-Induced Damage and mRNA Levels of Selenoprotein Genes and Inflammatory Factors in Chicken Kidney Tissue. Biol Trace Elem Res 2018; 181:331-339. [PMID: 28510033 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-017-1041-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2017] [Accepted: 04/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Selenium (Se) is a necessary trace mineral in the diet of humans and animals. Cadmium (Cd) is a toxic heavy metal that can damage animal organs, especially the kidneys. Antagonistic interactions between Se and Cd have been reported in previous studies. However, little is known about the effects of Se against Cd toxicity and on the mRNA levels of 25 selenoprotein genes and inflammatory factors in chicken kidneys. In the current study, we fed chickens with a Se-treated, Cd-treated, or Se/Cd treated diet for 90 days. We then analyzed the mRNA expression of inflammatory factors (including prostaglandin E synthase (PTGES), nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2)) and 25 selenoprotein genes (Gpx1, Gpx2, Gpx3, Gpx4, Txnrd1, Txnrd2, Txnrd3, Dio1, Dio2, Dio3, SPS2, Sepp1, SelPb, Sep15, Selh, Seli, Selm, Selo, Sels, Sepx1, Selu, Selk, Selw, Seln, Selt). The results demonstrated that Cd exposure increased the Cd content in the chicken kidneys, renal tubular epithelial cells underwent denaturation and necrosis, and the tubules became narrow or disappeared. However, Se supplementation reduced the Cd content in chicken kidneys and induced normal development of renal tubular epithelial cells. In addition, we also observed that Se alleviated the Cd-induced increase in the mRNA levels of inflammatory factors and ameliorated the Cd-induced downtrend in the mRNA levels of 25 selenoprotein genes in chicken kidneys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyue Wang
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Rongkun Bao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Fu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China.
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27
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Rhein Induces Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis in Mouse Blastocysts and Has Immunotoxic Effects during Embryonic Development. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18092018. [PMID: 28930172 PMCID: PMC5618666 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18092018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2017] [Revised: 09/18/2017] [Accepted: 09/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Rhein, a glucoside chemical compound found in a traditional Chinese medicine derived from the roots of rhubarb, induces cell apoptosis and is considered to have high potential as an antitumor drug. Several previous studies showed that rhein can inhibit cell proliferation and trigger mitochondria-related or endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-dependent apoptotic processes. However, the side effects of rhein on pre- and post-implantation embryonic development remain unclear. Here, we show that rhein has cytotoxic effects on blastocyst-stage mouse embryos and induces oxidative stress and immunotoxicity in mouse fetuses. Blastocysts incubated with 5-20 μM rhein showed significant cell apoptosis, as well as decreases in their inner cell mass cell numbers and total cell numbers. An in vitro development assay showed that rhein affected the developmental potentials of both pre- and post-implantation embryos. Incubation of blastocysts with 5-20 μM rhein was associated with increased resorption of post-implantation embryos and decreased fetal weight in an embryo transfer assay. Importantly, in an in vivo model, intravenous injection of dams with rhein (1, 3, and 5 mg/kg body weight/day) for four days resulted in apoptosis of blastocyst-stage embryos, early embryonic developmental injury, and decreased fetal weight. Intravenous injection of dams with 5 mg/kg body weight/day rhein significantly increased the total reactive oxygen species (ROS) content of fetuses and the transcription levels of antioxidant proteins in fetal livers. Additional work showed that rhein induced apoptosis through ROS generation, and that prevention of apoptotic processes effectively rescued the rhein-induced injury effects on embryonic development. Finally, the transcription levels of the innate-immunity related genes, CXCL1, IL-1β and IL-8, were down-regulated in the fetuses of dams that received intravenous injections of rhein. These results collectively show that rhein has the potential to induce embryonic cytotoxicity and induce oxidative stress and immunotoxicity during the development of mouse embryos.
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28
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Lin Y, Huang JJ, Dahms HU, Zhen JJ, Ying XP. Cell damage and apoptosis in the hepatopancreas of Eriocheir sinensis induced by cadmium. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2017; 190:190-198. [PMID: 28750221 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2017.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2017] [Revised: 07/14/2017] [Accepted: 07/16/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is one of the most common pollutants in the environment and it is known to cause a range of tissue damages and apoptosis in invertebrates. In this study, we investigated the effect of Cd on the hepatopancreas of the crab Eriocheir sinensis, a commercially and ecologically important species of crustacean. The crabs were first exposed to water containing different concentrations of Cd2+ (0, 0.63, 1.26, 2.52, 5.04 and 10.07mg/L) for 6days. Typical morphological characteristics and physiological changes of apoptosis were then observed using various methods, including AO/EB double fluorescence staining, transmission electron microscopy and DNA fragmentation analysis. The results showed that Cd2+ induced cell damage and apoptosis in a concentration-dependent manner. Transmission electron microscopy revealed the presence of cellular swelling and necrosis with reduced number of microvilli on the cell surface and damages to individual organelles. The mitochondria became swollen and vacuolated. The rough endoplasmic reticulum (Rer) was expanded, with membrane rupture and many different sizes of vesicles, suggesting the destruction of protein-synthesizing structures in the hepatopancreatic cells. The activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidases (GPx) initially increased and subsequently decreased with increasing Cd2+ concentrations. This was accompanied by increases in malondialdehyde (MDA) and H2O2 contents, which led to membrane lipid peroxidation. Crabs exposed to Cd2+ also displayed significant increases in caspase-3, -8, and -9 activities compared to control crabs. Cadmium induced the production and accumulation of ROS in the hepatopancreas, which resulted in oxidative damage and abnormal metabolism. Taken together, the results indicated that Cd2+ could induce oxidative damage as well caspase-dependent apoptosis in E. sinensis hepatopancreas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Lin
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Jia-Jia Huang
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Hans-Uwe Dahms
- Dept. of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, Kaohsiung Medical University, No. 100, Shin-Chuan 1 st Road, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Jing-Jing Zhen
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Xue-Ping Ying
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China.
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29
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Barjhoux I, Gonzalez P, Baudrimont M, Cachot J. Molecular and phenotypic responses of Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes) early life stages to environmental concentrations of cadmium in sediment. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 23:17969-17981. [PMID: 27255318 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-6995-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2015] [Accepted: 05/27/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Japanese medaka embryos were exposed to environmental concentrations of cadmium (Cd) to investigate adverse and adaptive responses in fish early life stages. Embryos were exposed during their whole development by static sediment-contact to environmental Cd concentrations (2 and 20 μg/g dry weight). Cd bioaccumulation, developmental defects, biochemical and biomolecular (qRT-PCR) responses were analyzed in embryos and hatchlings. A dose-dependent increase of Cd bioaccumulation and developmental defects was observed at hatching. Cd had clear impacts on heartbeat and cardiac morphogenesis and also induced to spinal deformities. The profile and the level of gene transcription were differentially modulated according to the Cd concentration, the duration of exposure and/or the developmental stage of fish. Pro-apoptotic bax and DNA repair rad51 transcripts were significantly repressed in embryos exposed to the highest Cd concentration. Repression of these genes was correlated to the increase of heart rate in 6-day-old embryos. NADH-dehydrogenase nd5 gene transcription was inhibited in larvae at the lowest concentration suggesting mitochondrial respiratory chain impairment, in association with Cd-induced teratogenicity. Finally, wnt1 gene was overexpressed indicating putative deregulation of Wnt signaling pathway, and suggested to be implied in the occurrence of some spinal and cardiac deformities. Results of this study permitted to propose some promising markers at the transcriptional and phenotypical level, responding to environmental concentrations of Cd. The present work also highlights the usefulness of the modified version of the medaka embryo-larval assay with sediment-contact exposure (MELAc) to investigate the toxicity and the modes of action of sediment-bound pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iris Barjhoux
- EPOC UMR CNRS 5805, University of Bordeaux, Avenue des Facultés, 33405, Talence Cedex, France.
- UMR-I 02 INERIS-URCA-ULH SEBIO, University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Moulin de la Housse, BP 1039, 51687, Reims Cedex 2, France.
| | - Patrice Gonzalez
- EPOC UMR CNRS 5805, University of Bordeaux, Avenue des Facultés, 33405, Talence Cedex, France
| | - Magalie Baudrimont
- EPOC UMR CNRS 5805, University of Bordeaux, Avenue des Facultés, 33405, Talence Cedex, France
| | - Jérôme Cachot
- EPOC UMR CNRS 5805, University of Bordeaux, Avenue des Facultés, 33405, Talence Cedex, France
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30
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Morcillo P, Meseguer J, Esteban MÁ, Cuesta A. In vitro effects of metals on isolated head-kidney and blood leucocytes of the teleost fish Sparus aurata L. and Dicentrarchus labrax L. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 54:77-85. [PMID: 27041665 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2016.03.164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2016] [Revised: 03/28/2016] [Accepted: 03/30/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The in vitro use of fish leucocytes to test the toxicity of aquatic pollutants, and particularly the immutoxicological effects, could be a valuable alternative to fish bioassays but has received little attention. In this study, head-kidney and peripheral blood leucocytes (HKLs and PBLs, respectively) from gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata L.) and European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax L.) specimens were exposed to Cd, MeHg (methylmercury), Pb or As for 24 h being evaluated the resulting cytotoxicity. Exposure to metals produced a dose-dependent reduction in the viability, and MeHg showed the highest toxicity followed by Cd, As and Pb. Interestingly, leucocytes from European sea bass are more resistant to metal exposure than those from gilthead seabream. Similarly, HKLs are always more sensitive than those isolated from blood from the same fish species. Moreover, fish leucocytes incubated with metals exhibited alterations in gene expression profiles that were more pronounced in the HKLs in general, being Pb the metal provoking less effects. Concretely, genes related to cellular protection (metallothionein), stress (heat shock protein 70) and oxidative stress (superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione reductase) were, in general, down-regulated in seabream HKLs but up-regulated in seabream PBLs and sea bass HKLs and PBLs. In addition, this profile leads to the increase of expression in genes related to apoptosis (Bcl2 associated X protein and caspase 3). Finally, transcription of genes involved in immunity (interleukin-1β and immunoglobulin M) was down-regulated, mainly in seabream leucocytes. This study points to the benefits for evaluating the toxicological mechanisms of marine pollution using fish leucocytes in vitro and insight into the mechanisms at gene level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Morcillo
- Fish Innate Immune System Group, Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Biology, Campus Regional de Excelencia Internacional "Campus Mare Nostrum", University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - José Meseguer
- Fish Innate Immune System Group, Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Biology, Campus Regional de Excelencia Internacional "Campus Mare Nostrum", University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - M Ángeles Esteban
- Fish Innate Immune System Group, Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Biology, Campus Regional de Excelencia Internacional "Campus Mare Nostrum", University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Alberto Cuesta
- Fish Innate Immune System Group, Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Biology, Campus Regional de Excelencia Internacional "Campus Mare Nostrum", University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain.
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31
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Glutathione peroxidase 1 expression, malondialdehyde levels and histological alterations in the liver of Acrossocheilus fasciatus exposed to cadmium chloride. Gene 2016; 578:210-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2015.12.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2015] [Revised: 11/12/2015] [Accepted: 12/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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32
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Li H, Jiang W, Liu Y, Jiang J, Zhang Y, Wu P, Zhao J, Duan X, Zhou X, Feng L. The metabolites of glutamine prevent hydroxyl radical-induced apoptosis through inhibiting mitochondria and calcium ion involved pathways in fish erythrocytes. Free Radic Biol Med 2016; 92:126-140. [PMID: 26795598 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2016.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2015] [Revised: 01/12/2016] [Accepted: 01/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The present study explored the apoptosis pathways in hydroxyl radicals ((∙)OH)-induced carp erythrocytes. Carp erythrocytes were treated with the caspase inhibitors in physiological carp saline (PCS) or Ca(2+)-free PCS in the presence of 40μM FeSO4/20μM H2O2. The results showed that the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), the release of cytochrome c and DNA fragmentation were caspase-dependent, and Ca(2+) was involved in calpain activation and phosphatidylserine (PS) exposure in (∙)OH-induced carp erythrocytes. Moreover, the results suggested that caspases were involved in PS exposure, and Ca(2+) was involved in DNA fragmentation in (∙)OH-induced fish erythrocytes. These results demonstrated that there might be two apoptosis pathways in fish erythrocytes, one is the caspase and cytochrome c-dependent apoptosis that is similar to that in mammal nucleated cells, the other is the Ca(2+)-involved apoptosis that was similar to that in mammal non-nucleated erythrocytes. So, fish erythrocytes may be used as a model for studying oxidative stress and apoptosis in mammal cells. Furthermore, the present study investigated the effects of glutamine (Gln)'s metabolites [alanine (Ala), citrulline (Cit), proline (Pro) and their combination (Ala10Pro4Cit1)] on the pathways of apoptosis in fish erythrocytes. The results displayed that Ala, Cit, Pro and Ala10Pro4Cit1 effectively suppressed ROS generation, cytochrome c release, activation of caspase-3, caspase-8 and caspase-9 at the physiological concentrations, prevented Ca(2+) influx, calpain activation, PS exposure, DNA fragmentation and the degradation of the cytoskeleton and oxidation of membrane and hemoglobin (Hb) and increased activity of anti-hydroxyl radical (AHR) in (∙)OH-induced carp erythrocytes. Ala10Pro4Cit1 produced a synergistic effect of inhibited oxidative stress and apoptosis in fish erythrocytes. These results demonstrated that Ala, Cit, Pro and their combination can protect mammal erythrocytes and nucleated cells against oxidative stress and apoptosis. The studies supported the use of Gln, Ala, Cit and Pro as oxidative stress and apoptosis inhibitors in mammal cells and the hypothesis that the inhibited effects of Gln on oxidative stress and apoptosis are at least partly dependent on that of its metabolites in mammalian.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huatao Li
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China; Conservation and Utilization of Fishes Resources in the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Neijiang Normal University, Sichuan, Neijiang 641000, China
| | - Weidan Jiang
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China; Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China; Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China; Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China; Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Jun Jiang
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China; Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China; Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Yongan Zhang
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Pei Wu
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China; Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China; Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Juan Zhao
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China; Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China; Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Xudong Duan
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China; Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China; Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Xiaoqiu Zhou
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China; Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China; Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China.
| | - Lin Feng
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China; Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China; Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China.
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Jiang J, Chen Y, Yu R, Zhao X, Wang Q, Cai L. Pretilachlor has the potential to induce endocrine disruption, oxidative stress, apoptosis and immunotoxicity during zebrafish embryo development. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2016; 42:125-134. [PMID: 26851375 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2016.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2015] [Revised: 01/07/2016] [Accepted: 01/09/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The objectives of the present study were to investigate the toxic effects of pretilachlor on zebrafish during its embryo development. The results demonstrated that the transcription of genes involved in the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal/thyroid (HPG/HPT) axis was increased after exposure to 50, 100, 200 μg/L pretilachlor for 96 h, the aromatase activity, vitellogenin (VTG) and thyroid hormones T3 and T4 levels in zebrafish were also up-regulated simultaneously. Pretilachlor exposure induced a noticeable increase in ROS level, increased the transcription and level of antioxidant proteins (e.g., CAT, SOD and GPX). Moreover, the up-regulation of P53, Mdm2, Bbc3 expression and Caspase3 and Caspase9 activities in the apoptosis pathway suggested pretilachlor might trigger cell apoptosis in zebrafish. In addition, the transcription of CXCL-C1C, IL-1β and IL-8 related to the innate immunity was down-regulated after pretilachlor exposure. These data suggested that pretilachlor could simultaneously induce endocrine disruption, apoptosis, oxidative stress and immunotoxicity during zebrafish embryo development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhua Jiang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Zhejiang Sustainable Pest and Disease Control, Institute of Quality and Standard for Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yanhong Chen
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Zhejiang Sustainable Pest and Disease Control, Institute of Quality and Standard for Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ruixian Yu
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Zhejiang Sustainable Pest and Disease Control, Institute of Quality and Standard for Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xueping Zhao
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Zhejiang Sustainable Pest and Disease Control, Institute of Quality and Standard for Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Zhejiang Sustainable Pest and Disease Control, Institute of Quality and Standard for Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, Zhejiang, China
| | - Leiming Cai
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Zhejiang Sustainable Pest and Disease Control, Institute of Quality and Standard for Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, Zhejiang, China.
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Cao H, Zhang M, Xia B, Xiong J, Zong Y, Hu G, Zhang C. Effects of Molybdenum or/and Cadmium on mRNA Expression Levels of Inflammatory Cytokines and HSPs in Duck Spleens. Biol Trace Elem Res 2016. [PMID: 26201682 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-015-0442-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) and high dietary intake of molybdenum (Mo) can cause multiple-organ injury in animals, but the co-induced toxicity of Mo and Cd to spleen in ducks is not well understood. The aim of this study was to investigate the co-induced effects of Mo and Cd on the mRNA expression levels of inflammatory cytokines and heat shock proteins (HSPs) in duck spleens. Two hundred forty healthy 11-day-old ducks were randomly divided into six groups and treated with a commercial diet containing Mo or/and Cd. After being treated with Mo or/and Cd for 30, 60, 90, and 120 days, the mRNA expression levels of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), HSP60, HSP70, and HSP90 were examined in duck spleens. Histopathology was examined in duck spleens at 120 days. The results indicated that the mRNA expression levels of HSPs were significantly upregulated in the co-induced groups (P < 0.01), while these decreased in the high dietary intake of Mo combined with Cd group at 120 days. Exposure to Mo or/and Cd upregulated the mRNA expression levels of NF-κB, COX-2, and TNF-α in the combination groups (P < 0.01). Furthermore, severe congestion, bleeding, splenic corpuscle structure fuzzy, wall thickness of sheath artery thickening, and oxyhematin were observed in the spleens of combination groups. Meanwhile, the organizational structure damage of the combined groups was more severe than that of the other groups. These results suggested that exposure to Mo or/and Cd might lead to tissue damage, and high expression of HSPs and inflammatory cytokines may play a role in the resistance of spleen toxicity induced by Mo or/and Cd. Interaction of Mo and Cd may have a synergistic effect on spleen toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huabin Cao
- Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, No. 1101 Zhimin Avenue, Economic and Technological Development District, Nanchang, 330045, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengmeng Zhang
- Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, No. 1101 Zhimin Avenue, Economic and Technological Development District, Nanchang, 330045, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Bing Xia
- Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, No. 1101 Zhimin Avenue, Economic and Technological Development District, Nanchang, 330045, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin Xiong
- Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, No. 1101 Zhimin Avenue, Economic and Technological Development District, Nanchang, 330045, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Yibo Zong
- Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, No. 1101 Zhimin Avenue, Economic and Technological Development District, Nanchang, 330045, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Guoliang Hu
- Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, No. 1101 Zhimin Avenue, Economic and Technological Development District, Nanchang, 330045, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China.
| | - Caiying Zhang
- Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, No. 1101 Zhimin Avenue, Economic and Technological Development District, Nanchang, 330045, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China.
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Morcillo P, Esteban MÁ, Cuesta A. Heavy metals produce toxicity, oxidative stress and apoptosis in the marine teleost fish SAF-1 cell line. CHEMOSPHERE 2016; 144:225-33. [PMID: 26363324 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2015] [Revised: 07/17/2015] [Accepted: 08/02/2015] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
The use of cell lines to test the toxicity of aquatic pollutants is a valuable alternative to fish bioassays. In this study, fibroblast SAF-1 cells from the marine gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata L.) were exposed for 24 h to the heavy metals Cd, Hg, MeHg (Methylmercury), As or Pb and the resulting cytotoxicity was assessed. Neutral red (NR), MTT-tetrazolio (MTT), crystal violet (CV) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) viability tests showed that SAF-1 cells exposed to the above heavy metals produced a dose-dependent reduction in the number of viable cells. Methylmercury showed the highest toxicity (EC50 = 0.01 mM) followed by As, Cd, Hg and Pb. NR was the most sensitive method followed by MTT, CV and LDH. SAF-1 cells incubated with each of the heavy metals also exhibited an increase in the production of reactive oxygen species and apoptosis cell death. Moreover, the corresponding gene expression profiles pointed to the induction of the metallothionein protective system, cellular and oxidative stress and apoptosis after heavy metal exposure for 24 h. This report describes and compares tools for evaluating the potential effects of marine contamination using the SAF-1 cell line.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Morcillo
- Fish Innate Immune System Group, Department of Cellular Biology and Histology, Faculty of Biology, Campus Regional de Excelencia Internacional "Campus Mare Nostrum", University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - María Á Esteban
- Fish Innate Immune System Group, Department of Cellular Biology and Histology, Faculty of Biology, Campus Regional de Excelencia Internacional "Campus Mare Nostrum", University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Alberto Cuesta
- Fish Innate Immune System Group, Department of Cellular Biology and Histology, Faculty of Biology, Campus Regional de Excelencia Internacional "Campus Mare Nostrum", University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain.
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Jamwal A, Naderi M, Niyogi S. An in vitro examination of selenium–cadmium antagonism using primary cultures of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) hepatocytes. Metallomics 2016; 8:218-27. [DOI: 10.1039/c5mt00232j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Se has antagonistic effects on Cd-induced cytotoxicityviaboth enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidative mechanisms and the effects are strictly dose dependent. Confocal fluorescent images of isolated rainbow trout hepatocytes exposed to 100 µM Cd, alone or in combination with low (25 µM) or high (250 µM) concentration of Se, show reduced ROS generation with low concentration of Se.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankur Jamwal
- Department of Biology
- University of Saskatchewan
- Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Mohammad Naderi
- Department of Biology
- University of Saskatchewan
- Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Som Niyogi
- Department of Biology
- University of Saskatchewan
- Saskatoon, Canada
- Toxicology Centre
- University of Saskatchewan
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Wang J, Zhang P, Liu N, Wang Q, Luo J, Wang L. Cadmium Induces Apoptosis in Freshwater Crab Sinopotamon henanense through Activating Calcium Signal Transduction Pathway. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0144392. [PMID: 26714174 PMCID: PMC4694652 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0144392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2015] [Accepted: 11/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Calcium ion (Ca2+) is one of the key intracellular signals, which is implicated in the regulation of cell functions such as impregnation, cell proliferation, differentiation and death. Cadmium (Cd) is a toxic environmental pollutant that can disturb cell functions and even lead to cell death. Recently, we have found that Cd induced apoptosis in gill cells of the freshwater crab Sinopotamon henanense via caspase activation. In the present study, we further investigated the role of calcium signaling in the Cd-induced apoptosis in the animals. Our data showed that Cd triggered gill cell apoptosis which is evidenced by apoptotic DNA fragmentation, activations of caspases-3, -8 and -9 and the presence of apoptotic morphological features. Moreover, Cd elevated the intracellular concentration of Ca2+, the protein concentration of calmodulin (CaM) and the activity of Ca2+-ATPase in the gill cells of the crabs. Pretreatment of the animals with ethylene glycol-bis-(b-aminoethyl ether)-N,N,N’,N’-tetraacetic acid (EGTA), Ca2+ chelator, inhibited Cd-induced activation of caspases-3, -8 and -9 as well as blocked the Cd-triggered apoptotic DNA fragmentation. The apoptotic morphological features were no longer observed in gill cells pretreated with the Ca2+ signaling inhibitors before Cd treatment. Our results indicate that Cd evokes gill cell apoptosis through activating Ca2+-CaM signaling transduction pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinxiang Wang
- School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China
- School of Life Science, Shanxi Datong University, Datong, 037009, China
| | - Pingping Zhang
- School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China
| | - Na Liu
- School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China
| | - Qian Wang
- School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China
| | - Jixian Luo
- School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China
| | - Lan Wang
- School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China
- * E-mail:
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Morcillo P, Cordero H, Meseguer J, Esteban MÁ, Cuesta A. In vitro immunotoxicological effects of heavy metals on European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax L.) head-kidney leucocytes. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2015; 47:245-254. [PMID: 26363228 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2015.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2015] [Revised: 09/03/2015] [Accepted: 09/03/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The knowledge about the direct effects of heavy metals on fish leucocytes is still limited. We investigate the in vitro effects of heavy metals (Cd, Hg, Pb or As) on oxidative stress, viability and innate immune parameters of head-kidney leucocytes (HKLs) from European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax). Production of free oxygen radicals was induced by Cd, Hg and As, mainly after 30 min of exposure. Cd and Hg promoted both apoptosis and necrosis cell death while Pb and As did only apoptosis, in all cases in a concentration-dependent manner. Moreover, expression of genes related to oxidative stress and apoptosis was significantly induced by Hg and Pb but down-regulated by As. In addition, the expression of the metallothionein A gene was up-regulated by Cd and Pb exposure though this transcript, as well as the heat shock protein 70, was down-regulated by Hg. Cd, methylmercury (MeHg) and As reduced the phagocytic ability, whereas Hg and Pb increased it. Interestingly, all the heavy metals decreased the phagocytic capacity (the number of ingested particles per cell). Leucocyte respiratory burst changed depending on the metal exposure, usually in a time- and dose-manner. Interestingly, the expression of immune-related genes was slightly affected by Cd, MeHg, As or Pb being Hg the form producing the greatest alterations, which included down-regulation of immunoglobulin M and hepcidin, as well as the up-regulation of interleukin-1 beta mRNA levels. This study provides an in vitro approach for elucidating the heavy metals toxicity, and particularly the immunotoxicity, in fish leucocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Morcillo
- Fish Innate Immune System Group, Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Biology, Campus Regional de Excelencia Internacional "Campus Mare Nostrum", University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Héctor Cordero
- Fish Innate Immune System Group, Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Biology, Campus Regional de Excelencia Internacional "Campus Mare Nostrum", University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - José Meseguer
- Fish Innate Immune System Group, Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Biology, Campus Regional de Excelencia Internacional "Campus Mare Nostrum", University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - M Ángeles Esteban
- Fish Innate Immune System Group, Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Biology, Campus Regional de Excelencia Internacional "Campus Mare Nostrum", University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Alberto Cuesta
- Fish Innate Immune System Group, Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Biology, Campus Regional de Excelencia Internacional "Campus Mare Nostrum", University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain.
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Meng X, Tian X, Nie G, Wang J, Liu M, Jiang K, Wang B, Guo Q, Huang J, Wang L. The transcriptomic response to copper exposure in the digestive gland of Japanese scallops (Mizuhopecten yessoensis). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2015; 46:161-167. [PMID: 26002639 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2015.05.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2014] [Revised: 05/11/2015] [Accepted: 05/11/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The present study was conducted to elucidate the effects of copper exposure on the immune system and lipid metabolism of the Japanese scallop, Mizuhopecten yessoensis. Transcriptional levels of differentially expressed genes (DEGs)in M. yessoensis digestive gland tissue were analyzed using the deep-sequencing platform Illumina HiSeq™ 2000. In total, 841 and 877 genes were identified as significantly up- or down-regulated, respectively. In addition, significant enrichment analysis identified 3 gene ontology terms and 15 pathways involved in the response to copper exposure. Analysis of transcripts related to the immune response revealed a complex pattern of innate recognition receptors, including toll-like receptors, NOD-like receptors and downstream pathway effectors, including those involved in apoptosis. Furthermore, genomic analysis revealed that genes involved in extracellular matrix (ECM)-receptor interactions were enriched in Cu-exposed scallop glands. These results will provide a resource for subsequent gene expression studies regarding heavy metal exposure and the identification of copper-sensitive biomarkers for the aquaculture of M. yessoensis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolin Meng
- College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, PR China
| | - Xue Tian
- College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, PR China
| | - Guoxing Nie
- College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, PR China.
| | - Junli Wang
- College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, PR China
| | - Mei Liu
- R&D Center of Marine, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, PR China
| | - Keyong Jiang
- R&D Center of Marine, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, PR China
| | - Baojie Wang
- R&D Center of Marine, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, PR China
| | - Qianqian Guo
- College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, PR China
| | - Jianrong Huang
- College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, PR China
| | - Lei Wang
- R&D Center of Marine, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, PR China.
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Li H, Feng L, Jiang W, Liu Y, Jiang J, Zhang Y, Wu P, Zhou X. Ca(2+) and caspases are involved in hydroxyl radical-induced apoptosis in erythrocytes of Jian carp (Cyprinus carpio var. Jian). FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2015; 41:1305-1319. [PMID: 26080678 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-015-0087-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2015] [Accepted: 06/11/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
There are young erythrocytes and mature erythrocytes in the peripheral blood of fish. The present study explored the apoptosis in hydroxyl radical ((·)OH)-induced young and mature erythrocytes of Jian carp (Cyprinus carpio var. Jian). Carp erythrocytes from the peripheral blood were separated into the young fraction, the intermediate fraction and the mature fraction using fixed-angle centrifugation. The erythrocytes in three age fractions were treated with the caspase inhibitors (zVAD-fmk) in physiological carp saline (PCS) or Ca(2+)-free PCS in the presence of 40 μM FeSO4/20 μM H2O2. The results showed that the (·)OH-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, phosphatidylserine (PS) exposure and DNA fragmentation are caspase dependent in carp erythrocytes. Furthermore, the ROS generation, PS exposure and DNA fragmentation in the more young fraction are more dependent on the caspase activity. This suggested that the caspases are involved in the (·)OH-induced apoptosis in the young erythrocytes of fish. Results also indicated that Ca(2+) is involved in (·)OH-induced calpain activation, PS exposure and DNA fragmentation in carp erythrocytes. Moreover, the calpain activation, DNA fragmentation and PS exposure in the more mature fraction are more dependent on the levels of Ca(2+). This revealed that (·)OH-induced apoptosis is Ca(2+) dependent in the mature erythrocytes of fish. Taken together, there might be two apoptosis pathways in fish erythrocytes: one is the caspase-dependent apoptosis in the young erythrocytes and the other is the Ca(2+)-involved apoptosis in the mature erythrocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- HuaTao Li
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
- Conservation and Utilization of Fishes Resources in the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Neijiang Normal University, Neijiang, 641000, Sichuan, China
| | - Lin Feng
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
- Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - WeiDan Jiang
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
- Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
- Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Jun Jiang
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
- Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - YongAn Zhang
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Pei Wu
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
- Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - XiaoQiu Zhou
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China.
- Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China.
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China.
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High temperature induces apoptosis and oxidative stress in pufferfish (Takifugu obscurus) blood cells. J Therm Biol 2015; 53:172-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2015.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2015] [Revised: 07/25/2015] [Accepted: 08/03/2015] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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Arini A, Gourves PY, Gonzalez P, Baudrimont M. Metal detoxification and gene expression regulation after a Cd and Zn contamination: an experimental study on Danio rerio. CHEMOSPHERE 2015; 128:125-133. [PMID: 25698290 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.01.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2014] [Revised: 01/09/2015] [Accepted: 01/14/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to demonstrate the recovery potential of Danio rerio after Cd and Zn contaminations. Fish demonstrated high accumulation capacities of Cd with concentrations reaching 3716.4±578.6 μg Cd/kg FW in gills after 15 d of contamination. The 75-day decontamination failed to completely eliminate Cd (93.4% and 82.2% eliminated respectively in the gills of fish exposed to Cd and Cd/Zn) whereas Zn, poorly accumulated, was quickly depurated. The fast Cd depuration in the gills likely resulted from a metal transfer to the liver. MT response was clearly correlated to the Zn contamination, while genetic responses were more pronounced in case of Cd contamination. Cd induced over-expressions of genes involved against oxidative stress (sod, sodmt), and involved in detoxification mechanisms (mt1, mt2), mitochondrial mechanisms (cox1) and DNA repair (rad51 and gadd45). Zn binary contamination with Cd was demonstrated to provide protective effects on Cd-induced toxicity in D.rerio. Results highlighted that the genetic response was metal- and tissue-dependent. The brain and the muscles showed very few genetic responses, probably due to the low bioaccumulations measured in these tissues. Conversely, genes expressed in gills and liver of fish exposed to Cd were strongly affected (sod×3 and×12, mt1×11 and ×30 at T3 respectively in gills and liver). However, after 14-30 d of depuration, genes were no longer over expressed in response to Cd contamination in gills and liver of fish exposed to Cd and Cd/Zn conditions, suggesting an gene expression regulation of fish to the residual Cd contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Arini
- University of Bordeaux 1, Laboratoire d'Ecotoxicologie Aquatique, UMR CNRS 5805, Place du Dr. Peyneau, Arcachon 33120, France
| | - P Y Gourves
- University of Bordeaux 1, Laboratoire d'Ecotoxicologie Aquatique, UMR CNRS 5805, Place du Dr. Peyneau, Arcachon 33120, France
| | - P Gonzalez
- University of Bordeaux 1, Laboratoire d'Ecotoxicologie Aquatique, UMR CNRS 5805, Place du Dr. Peyneau, Arcachon 33120, France
| | - M Baudrimont
- University of Bordeaux 1, Laboratoire d'Ecotoxicologie Aquatique, UMR CNRS 5805, Place du Dr. Peyneau, Arcachon 33120, France.
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Golomb BA, Allison M, Koperski S, Koslik HJ, Devaraj S, Ritchie JB. Coenzyme Q10 benefits symptoms in Gulf War veterans: results of a randomized double-blind study. Neural Comput 2014; 26:2594-651. [PMID: 25149705 DOI: 10.1162/neco_a_00659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
We sought to assess whether coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) benefits the chronic multisymptom problems that affect one-quarter to one-third of 1990-1 Gulf War veterans, using a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Participants were 46 veterans meeting Kansas and Centers for Disease Control criteria for Gulf War illness. Intervention was PharmaNord (Denmark) CoQ10 100 mg per day (Q100), 300 mg per day (Q300), or an identical-appearing placebo for 3.5 ± 0.5 months. General self-rated health (GSRH), the primary outcome, differed across randomization arms at baseline, and sex significantly predicted GSRH change, compelling adjustment for baseline GSRH and prompting sex-stratified analysis. GSRH showed no significant benefit in the combined-sex sample. Among males (85% of participants), Q100 significantly benefited GSRH versus placebo and versus Q300, providing emphasis on Q100. Physical function (summary performance score, SPS) improved on Q100 versus placebo. A rise in CoQ10 approached significance as a predictor of improvement in GSRH and significantly predicted SPS improvement. Among 20 symptoms each present in half or more of the enrolled veterans, direction-of-difference on Q100 versus placebo was favorable for all except sleep problems; sign test 19:1, p=0.00004) with several symptoms individually significant. Significance for these symptoms despite the small sample underscores large effect sizes, and an apparent relation of key outcomes to CoQ10 change increases prospects for causality. In conclusion, Q100 conferred benefit to physical function and symptoms in veterans with Gulf War illness. Examination in a larger sample is warranted, and findings from this study can inform the conduct of a larger trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatrice A Golomb
- Departments of Medicine and of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, U.S.A.
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Al Kaddissi S, Legeay A, Elia AC, Gonzalez P, Floriani M, Cavalie I, Massabuau JC, Gilbin R, Simon O. Mitochondrial gene expression, antioxidant responses, and histopathology after cadmium exposure. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2014; 29:893-907. [PMID: 23065898 DOI: 10.1002/tox.21817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2011] [Revised: 08/27/2012] [Accepted: 08/29/2012] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
The present study investigates cadmium effects on the transcription of mitochondrial genes of Procambarus clarkii after acute (0.05, 0.5, and 5 mg Cd/L; 4-10 days) and chronic exposures (10 μg Cd/L; 30-60 days). Transcriptional responses of cox1, atp6, and 12S using quantitative real-time RT-PCR were assessed in gills and hepatopancreas. Additionally, the expression levels of genes involved in detoxification and/or oxidative stress responses [mt, sod(Mn)] and enzymatic activities of antioxidants (SOD, CAT, GPX, and GST) were analyzed. The histopathological effects in hepatopancreas of crayfish were evaluated by light microscopy. Relationships between endpoints at different levels of biological organization and Cd bioaccumulation were also examined. Cd induced high levels of bioaccumulation, which was followed by mitochondrial dysfunction and histological alterations in both experiments. Moreover, perturbations in the defence mechanisms against oxidative stress tended to increase with time. Results also showed that molecular responses can vary depending on the intensity and duration of the chemical stress applied to the organisms and that the study of mt gene expression levels seemed to be the best tool to assess Cd intoxication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Al Kaddissi
- Laboratory of Radioecology and Ecotoxicology (LRE), Institute of Radioprotection and Nuclear Safety (IRSN), Bd 186, BP 3, 13115 Saint-Paul-Lez-Durance, France; Laboratory of Aquatic Ecotoxicology (EA), University of Bordeaux1/UMR CNRS 5805, Dr Peyneau Square, 33120 Arcachon, France
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45
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Polyhydroxyfullerene binds cadmium ions and alleviates metal-induced oxidative stress in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Appl Environ Microbiol 2014; 80:5874-81. [PMID: 25038095 DOI: 10.1128/aem.01329-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The water-soluble polyhydroxyfullerene (PHF) is a functionalized carbon nanomaterial with several industrial and commercial applications. There have been controversial reports on the toxicity and/or antioxidant properties of fullerenes and their derivatives. Conversely, metals have been recognized as toxic mainly due to their ability to induce oxidative stress in living organisms. We investigated the interactive effects of PHF and cadmium ions (Cd) on the model yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae by exposing cells to Cd (≤5 mg liter(-1)) in the absence or presence of PHF (≤500 mg liter(-1)) at different pHs (5.8 to 6.8). In the absence of Cd, PHF stimulated yeast growth up to 10.4%. Cd inhibited growth up to 79.7%, induced intracellular accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and promoted plasma membrane disruption in a dose- and pH-dependent manner. The negative effects of Cd on growth were attenuated by the presence of PHF, and maximum growth recovery (53.8%) was obtained at the highest PHF concentration and pH. The coexposure to Cd and PHF decreased ROS accumulation up to 36.7% and membrane disruption up to 30.7% in a dose- and pH-dependent manner. Two mechanisms helped to explain the role of PHF in alleviating Cd toxicity to yeasts: PHF decreased Cd-induced oxidative stress and bound significant amounts of Cd in the extracellular medium, reducing its bioavailability to the cells.
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46
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Meng X, Tian X, Liu M, Nie G, Jiang K, Wang B, Wang L. The transcriptomic response to copper exposure by the gill tissue of Japanese scallops (Mizuhopecten yessoensis) using deep-sequencing technology. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2014; 38:287-293. [PMID: 24650576 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2014.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2013] [Revised: 02/26/2014] [Accepted: 03/07/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The bivalve Mizuhopecten yessoensis has been greatly impacted by marine pollutants in northern China. To elucidate the toxicological mechanism of copper exposure on the immune system, we investigated differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and transcript abundance in M. yessoensis gill tissue using the deep-sequencing platform Illumina HiSeq™ 2000. In total, 1312 and 2237 genes were identified as significantly up- or down-regulated, respectively. In addition, significant enrichment analysis identified 9 GO terms and 38 pathways involved in the response to copper exposure. The analysis of immune-related transcripts revealed a complex repertoire of innate recognition receptors, including toll-like receptors, NOD-like receptors and RIG-like receptors. Downstream pathway effectors, such as apoptotic, lysosomal and C-type lectin transcripts, were also analyzed. These results will provide a resource for subsequent gene expression studies regarding heavy metal exposure and the identification of copper-sensitive biomarkers to monitor the aquaculture of M. yessoensis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolin Meng
- College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, PR China
| | - Xue Tian
- College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, PR China
| | - Mei Liu
- R&D Center of Marine, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, PR China.
| | - Guoxing Nie
- College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, PR China
| | - Keyong Jiang
- R&D Center of Marine, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, PR China
| | - Baojie Wang
- R&D Center of Marine, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, PR China
| | - Lei Wang
- R&D Center of Marine, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, PR China.
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Deane EE, van de Merwe JP, Hui JHL, Wu RSS, Woo NYS. PBDE-47 exposure causes gender specific effects on apoptosis and heat shock protein expression in marine medaka, Oryzias melastigma. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2014; 147:57-67. [PMID: 24374848 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2013.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2013] [Revised: 12/04/2013] [Accepted: 12/07/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Marine medaka (Oryzias melastigma) was fed with a low and high dose of dietary 2,2',4,4'-tetra-bromodiphenyl ether (PBDE-47), over 21 days. Gender specific changes in caspases 3 and 8 in medaka were found as activities in male medaka were significantly increased in both liver and muscle at both low and high exposure levels whereas caspase activity in female medaka tissue remained unchanged. Results of HSP90 and HSP70 immunoassays also showed gender specific related changes as both HSP families were unchanged in liver and muscle of male medaka but significantly increased in liver and muscle of female medaka, following PBDE-47 exposure. The gender specific effects of PBDE-47 on HSP expression profiles could not be explained by inherent differences in the heat shock response of male and female marine medaka, as the HSP profiles in liver and muscle, induced by acute heat shock, were similar in both sexes. The findings from this study provide evidence that PBDE-47 can cause gender specific modulatory effects on mechanisms critical to the apoptotic cascade as well as HSP regulation and expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eddie E Deane
- School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong.
| | - Jason P van de Merwe
- State Key Laboratory in Marine Pollution, Department of Biology and Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Jerome H L Hui
- School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong
| | - Rudolf S S Wu
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Norman Y S Woo
- School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong
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Dubey A, Goswami M, Yadav K, Sharma BS. Development and characterization of a cell line WAF from freshwater shark Wallago attu. Mol Biol Rep 2014; 41:915-24. [PMID: 24381102 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-013-2936-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2012] [Accepted: 12/20/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
A new epithelial cell line, WAF was developed from caudal fin of freshwater shark, Wallago attu. The cell line was optimally maintained at 28 °C in Leibovitz-15 (L-15) medium supplemented with 20 % fetal bovine serum. The cell line was characterized by various cytogenetic and molecular markers. The cytogenetic analysis revealed a diploid count of 86 chromosomes at different passages. The origin of the cell lines was confirmed by the amplification of 547 and 654 bp sequences of 16S rRNA and cytochrome oxidase subunit I genes of mitochondrial DNA, respectively. WAF cells were characterized for their growth characteristics at different temperature and serum concentration. Epithelial morphology of the cell line was confirmed using immunocytochemistry. Further cell plating efficiency, transfection efficiency and viability of cryopreserved WAF cells was also determined. Cytotoxicity and genotoxicity assessment of cadmium salts on WAF cells by MTT, NR and comet assay illustrated the utility of this cell line as an in vitro model for aquatic toxicological studies. The cell line will be further useful for studying oxidative stress markers against aquatic pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akhilesh Dubey
- National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources, Canal Ring Road, PO Dilkusha, Lucknow, 226002, India
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Gao D, Xu Z, Zhang X, Zhu C, Wang Y, Min W. Cadmium triggers kidney cell apoptosis of purse red common carp (Cyprinus carpio) without caspase-8 activation. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2013; 41:728-737. [PMID: 23954723 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2013.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2013] [Revised: 07/31/2013] [Accepted: 08/02/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Caspase-8, the essential initiator caspase, is believed to play a pivotal role in death receptor-mediated apoptotic pathway. It also participates in mitochondria-mediated apoptosis via cleavage of proapoptotic Bid in mammals. However, its role in fish remains elusive in Cadmium-induced apoptotic pathway. In this study, we isolated the caspase-8 gene from common carp, one of the most important industrial aquatic animals in China using rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE). The deduced amino acid sequence of caspase-8 comprised 475 amino acids, which showed approximately 64.1% identity and 79.8% similarity to zebrafish (Danio rerio) caspase-8, possessed two conserved death effector domains, a large subunit and a small subunit. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that caspase-8 formed a clade with zebrafish caspase-8. In kidney, cadmium (Cd) exposure triggered apoptosis and increased caspase-3 and -9 activities, whereas it did not affect caspase-8 activity. Real-time quantitative PCR analysis revealed that caspase-8 transcriptional level was not significantly increased in kidney after exposure to Cd. Using Western blot analysis, no caspase-8 cleaved fragment was detected and no significant alteration of procaspase-8 level was found with the same Cd-treated condition. Moreover, the immunopositive staining was predominantly limited to the cytoplasm of renal tubular epithelial cells and no remarkable changes of immunoreactivities were observed using immunohistochemical detection after Cd treatment. The results reveal that Cd can trigger apoptosis, while it cannot activate caspase-8 in purse red common carp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dian Gao
- Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, PR China; Institute of Immunotherapy, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, PR China
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50
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Corriero A, Zupa R, Pousis C, Santamaria N, Bello G, Jirillo E, Carrassi M, De Giorgi C, Passantino L. Increased liver apoptosis and tumor necrosis factor expression in Atlantic bluefin tuna (Thunnus thynnus) reared in the northern Adriatic Sea. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2013; 71:23-28. [PMID: 23632087 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2013.03.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2012] [Revised: 03/26/2013] [Accepted: 03/28/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The Atlantic bluefin tuna Thunnus thynnus (ABFT) is intensely fished in the Mediterranean Sea to supply a prosperous capture-based mariculture industry. Liver apoptotic structures and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) gene expression were determined in: wild ABFT caught in the eastern Atlantic; juvenile ABFT reared in the central Adriatic Sea; juvenile ABFT reared in the northern Adriatic Sea; adult ABFT reared in the western Mediterranean. The highest density of liver apoptotic structures was found in the juveniles from the northern Adriatic. Two partial TNF cDNAs (TNF1 and TNF2) were cloned and sequenced. TNF1 gene expression was higher in juveniles than in adults. The highest expression of TNF2 was found in the juveniles from the northern Adriatic. These findings might be related to the juvenile exposure to environmental pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aldo Corriero
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplant (D.E.T.O.), Section of Veterinary Clinics and Animal Production, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70010 Valenzano, Bari, Italy
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