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Tarannum N, Rathore N, Natwadiya A, Kumar S, Chaudhary N. Evaluation of the effects of dust pollution on specific plant species near and around the marble mining site in Rajasthan, India. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:33515-33529. [PMID: 38683429 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-33449-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
Airborne particles (dust pollution) pose a significant threat to both human and plant populations. Plant leaves act as crucial biofilters, capturing significant amounts of air pollution; this characteristic offers a valuable tool to measure local pollution levels and assess individual plant species' ability to intercept and mitigate harmful dust particles. The present study was carried out to asses the effect of responses of various plant species to dust pollution near and around the marble mining site comprising residential site, highway area, and Central University of Rajasthan as control. The anticipated pollution index, air pollution tolerance index (APTI), dust absorption capacity, metal accumulation index (MAI), and biochemical factors were used to evaluate plant responses. Azadirachta indica A. Juss. demonstrated the highest (29.0) and Vachellia nilotica L. showed lowest (5.6) APTI, respectively. A. indica showed maximum MAI values in comparison to other plant species situated at residential site. Additionally, monitoring of particulate matter (PM10) observed to highest at highway, followed by mining, residential, and control sites. Overall A. indica representing highest APTI and effective dust capturing capacity at all sites could serve as potential pollution sinks. V. nilotica, with its very low APTI, can be marked as biomonitoring tool for detecting dust pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naziya Tarannum
- Department of Environmental Science, School of Earth Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, 305817, India
| | - Natasha Rathore
- Department of Environmental Science, School of Earth Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, 305817, India
| | - Ashok Natwadiya
- Department of Environmental Science, School of Earth Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, 305817, India
| | - Shailesh Kumar
- Department of Environmental Science, School of Earth Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, 305817, India
| | - Nivedita Chaudhary
- Department of Environmental Science, School of Earth Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, 305817, India.
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Jashim ZB, Shahrukh S, Hossain SA, Jahan-E-Gulshan, Huda MN, Islam MM, Hossain ME. Biomonitoring potentially toxic elements in atmospheric particulate matter of greater Dhaka region using leaves of higher plants. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2024; 196:468. [PMID: 38656463 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-024-12612-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
In this study, four different plant species, namely Artocarpus heterophyllus, Mangifera indica, Psidium guajava, and Swietenia mahagoni, were selected from seven different locations to assess the feasibility of using them as a cost-effective alternative for biomonitoring air quality. Atmospheric coarse particulate matter (PM10), soil samples, and leaf samples were collected from residential, industrial, and traffic-congested sites located in the greater Dhaka region. The heavy metal concentrations (Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn) in the leaves of the different species, PM10, and soil samples were analyzed. The highest Pb (718 ng/m3) and Zn (15,956 ng/m3) concentrations were found in PM10 of Kodomtoli which is an industrial area. On the other hand, the highest Fe (6,152 ng/m3) and Ni (61.1 ng/m3) concentrations were recorded in the PM10 of Gabtoli, a heavy-traffic area. A significant positive correlation (r = 0.74; p < 0.01) between Pb content in plant leaves and PM fraction was found which indicated that atmospheric PM-bound Pb may contribute to the uptake of Pb by plant leaves. The analysis of the enrichment factor (EF) revealed that soils were contaminated with Cd, Ni, Pb, and Zn. The abaxial leaf surfaces of Psidium guajava growing at the polluted site exhibited up to a 40% decrease in stomatal pores compared to the control site. Saet's summary index (Zc) demonstrated that Mangifera indica had the highest bioaccumulation capacity. The metal accumulation index (MAI) was also evaluated to assess the overall metal accumulation capacity of the selected plants. Of the four species, Swietenia mahagoni (3.05) exhibited the highest MAI value followed by Mangifera indica (2.97). Mangifera indica and Swietenia mahagoni were also found to accumulate high concentrations of Pb and Cr in their leaves and are deemed to be good candidates to biomonitor Pb and Cr contents in ambient air.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuairia Binte Jashim
- Department of Soil, Water and Environment, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Saif Shahrukh
- Department of Soil, Water and Environment, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Shahid Akhtar Hossain
- Department of Soil, Water and Environment, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Jahan-E-Gulshan
- Department of Soil, Water and Environment, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Muhammad Nurul Huda
- Centre for Advanced Research in Sciences, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Md Mominul Islam
- Department of Chemistry, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
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Miletić Z, Jonjev M, Jarić S, Kostić O, Sekulić D, Mitrović M, Pavlović P. Green solution to riparian pollution: Populus alba L. potential for phytoremediation and bioindication of PTEs along the Sava river. Heliyon 2024; 10:e28183. [PMID: 38560157 PMCID: PMC10981065 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e28183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
This study addresses the potential of Populus alba L. for bioindication and phytoremediation of the contaminated lower part of the Sava River. The main objectives are to assess soil contamination with potentially toxic elements (PTEs: As, B, Cd, Cr, Cu, Li, Ni, Pb, Sr, and Zn), evaluate their availability, and assess the phytoremediation and bioindication potential of Populus alba. Quantification of the PTE contents was performed using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES), while bioindication and phytoremediation potential were evaluated using accumulation indices. The study revealed phytotoxic contents of Cr, Cu, Ni and Zn in the riparian soils of the lower Sava River. The percentage of available Cd was high, but due to its low total content, its phytotoxic potential is limited. According the metal accumulation index, Populus alba exhibits significant potential to accumulate the PTEs studied (with accumulated toxic contents of B, Cr, Li, Sr, and Zn). The ability of Populus alba to accumulate and bioindicate Cd, Cr, and Ni is promising, as is its ability to potentially remediate B, Cd, and Zn. Copper deficiency in leaves resulted in a reduction in photosynthetic performance, but without visible morphological symptoms. The reduced photosynthetic capacity serves as an adaptive strategy for this species in response to toxic levels of PTEs. Since Populus alba is widely distributed in European riparian forests, it is a good candidate to address soil contamination through phytoremediation and bioindication techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zorana Miletić
- Department of Ecology, Institute for Biological Research ‘Siniša Stanković’, University of Belgrade, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Milica Jonjev
- Department of Ecology, Institute for Biological Research ‘Siniša Stanković’, University of Belgrade, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Snežana Jarić
- Department of Ecology, Institute for Biological Research ‘Siniša Stanković’, University of Belgrade, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Olga Kostić
- Department of Ecology, Institute for Biological Research ‘Siniša Stanković’, University of Belgrade, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Dimitrije Sekulić
- Department of Ecology, Institute for Biological Research ‘Siniša Stanković’, University of Belgrade, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Miroslava Mitrović
- Department of Ecology, Institute for Biological Research ‘Siniša Stanković’, University of Belgrade, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Pavle Pavlović
- Department of Ecology, Institute for Biological Research ‘Siniša Stanković’, University of Belgrade, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, Belgrade, Serbia
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Tomson M, Kumar P, Abhijith KV, Watts JF. Exploring the interplay between particulate matter capture, wash-off, and leaf traits in green wall species. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 921:170950. [PMID: 38360301 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
The study investigated inter-species variation in particulate matter (PM) accumulation, wash-off, and retention on green wall plants, with a focus on leaf characteristics. Ten broadleaf plant species were studied in an experimental green wall. Ambient PM concentrations remained relatively stable throughout the measurement period: PM1: 16.60 ± 9.97 μgm-3, PM2.5: 23.27 ± 11.88 μgm-3, and PM10: 39.59 ± 25.72 μgm-3. Leaf samples were taken before and after three rainfall events, and PM deposition was measured using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Leaf micromorphological traits, including surface roughness, hair density, and stomatal density, exhibited variability among species and leaf surfaces. Notably, I.sempervirens and H.helix had relatively high PM densities across all size fractions. The study underscored the substantial potential of green wall plants for atmospheric PM removal, with higher Wall Leaf Area Index (WLAI) species like A.maritima and T.serpyllum exhibiting increased PM accumulation at plant level. Rainfall led to significant wash-off for smaller particles, whereas larger particles exhibited lower wash-off rates. Leaf micromorphology impacted PM accumulation, although effects varied among species, and parameters such as surface roughness, stomatal density, and leaf size did not consistently affect PM deposition. The composition of deposited particles encompassed natural, vehicular, salt, and unclassified agglomerates, with minimal changes after rainfall. Air Pollution Tolerance Index (APTI) assessments revealed that I.sempervirens displayed the highest air pollution tolerance, while O.vulgare had the lowest. APTI showed a moderate positive correlation with PM deposition across all fractions. The study concluded that the interplay of macro and micromorphology in green wall plant species determines their PM removal potential. Further research is needed to identify the key leaf characteristics for optimal green wall species selection for effective PM removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mamatha Tomson
- Global Centre for Clean Air Research (GCARE), School of Sustainability, Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, Surrey, United Kingdom; Centre for Atmospheric Chemistry, School of Earth, Atmospheric and Life Sciences, University of Wollongong, Northfields Ave, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
| | - Prashant Kumar
- Global Centre for Clean Air Research (GCARE), School of Sustainability, Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, Surrey, United Kingdom; Institute for Sustainability, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, Surrey, United Kingdom.
| | - K V Abhijith
- Global Centre for Clean Air Research (GCARE), School of Sustainability, Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, Surrey, United Kingdom
| | - John F Watts
- School of Mechanical Engineering Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, Surrey, United Kingdom
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Mukhopadhyay S, Dutta R, Das P. Greenery planning for urban air pollution control based on biomonitoring potential: Explicit emphasis on foliar accumulation of particulate matter (PM) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 355:120524. [PMID: 38461639 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.120524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
In this study, efficiencies of eight indigenous plants of Baishnabghata Patuli Township (BPT), southeast Kolkata, India, were explored as green barrier species and potentials of plant leaves were exploited for biomonitoring of particulate matter (PM) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). The present work focused on studying PM capturing abilities (539.32-2766.27 μg cm-2) of plants (T. divaricata, N. oleander and B. acuminata being the most efficient species in retaining PM) along with the estimation of foliar contents of PM adhered to leaf surfaces (total sPM (large + coarse): 526.59-2731.76 μg cm-2) and embedded within waxes (total wPM (large + coarse): 8.73-34.51 μg cm-2). SEM imaging used to analyse leaf surfaces affirmed the presence of innate corrugated microstructures as main drivers for particle capture. Accumulation capacities of PAHs of vehicular origin (total index, TI > 4) were compared among the species based on measured concentrations (159.92-393.01 μg g-1) which indicated T. divaricata, P. alba and N. cadamba as highest PAHs accumulators. Specific leaf area (SLA) of plants (71.01-376.79 cm2 g-1), a measure of canopy-atmosphere interface, had great relevance in PAHs diffusion. Relative contribution (>90%) of 4-6 ring PAHs to total carcinogenic equivalent and potential as well as 5-6 ring PAHs to total mutagenic equivalent and potential had also been viewed with respect to benzo[a]pyrene. In-depth analysis of foliar traits and adoption of plant-based ranking strategies (air pollution tolerance index (APTI) and anticipated performance index (API)) provided a rationale for green belting. Each of the naturally selected plant species showed evidences of adaptations during abiotic stress to maximize survival and filtering effects for reductive elimination of ambient PM and PAHs, allowing holistic management of green spaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shritama Mukhopadhyay
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Jadavpur University, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India.
| | - Ratna Dutta
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Jadavpur University, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India.
| | - Papita Das
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Jadavpur University, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India.
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Kalugina OV, Afanasyeva LV, Mikhailova TA. Anatomical and morphological changes in Pinus sylvestris and Larix sibirica needles under impact of emissions from a large aluminum enterprise. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2024; 33:66-84. [PMID: 38183574 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-023-02723-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
Species-specific anatomical and morphological characteristics of Pinus sylvestris and Larix sibirica needles were studied at different levels of tree stand pollution by aluminum smelter emissions. The anatomical characteristics of the needle were studied using light microscopy. The level of tree stand pollution was determined using the cluster analysis outcomes of the pollutant elements content (fluorine, sulfur, and heavy metals) in the needles. Four levels of tree stand pollution were separated: low, moderate, high, and critical, as well as background tree stand in unpolluted areas. It was found that the state of tree phytomass deteriorated with increasing levels of pollution (from low to critical): pine crown defoliation increased to 85%, and larch defoliation increased to 65%. The life span of pine needles was reduced to 2-3 years, with a background value of 6-7 years. The change of morphological parameters was more pronounced in P. sylvestris: the weight and length of the 2-year-old shoot decreased by 2.7-3.1 times compared to the background values; the weight of needles on the shoot and the number of needle pairs on the shoot-by 1.9-2.1 times. The length of the needle and shoot and the number of L. sibirica brachyblasts decreased by 1.8-1.9 times. The anatomical parameters of the needle also changed to a greater extent in P. sylvestris. Up to the high level of tree pollution, we observed a decrease in the cross-sectional area of the needle, central cylinder, vascular bundle, area and thickness of mesophyll, number and diameter of resin ducts by 18-66% compared to background values. At the critical pollution level, when the content of pollutant elements in pine needles reached maximum values, the anatomical parameters of the remaining few green needles were close to background values. In our opinion, this may be due to the activation of mechanisms aimed at maintaining the viability of trees. A reduction in thickness and area of assimilation tissue in the L. sibirica needle was detected only at the critical pollution level. An upward trend in these parameters was found at low, medium, and high pollution levels of tree stand, which may indicate an adaptive nature. The results suggested that at a similar pollution level of trees, the greatest amount of negative anatomical and morphological changes were recorded in pine needles, which indicates a greater sensitivity of this species to technogenic emissions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Vladimirovna Kalugina
- Laboratory of Natural and Anthropogenic Ecosystems, Siberian Institute of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Lermontov str., 132, 664033, Irkutsk, Russia
| | - Larisa Vladimirovna Afanasyeva
- Laboratory of Floristics and Geobotany, Institute of General and Experimental Biology Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Sakhyanova str., 6, 670047, Ulan-Ude, Russia.
| | - Tatiana Alekseevna Mikhailova
- Laboratory of Natural and Anthropogenic Ecosystems, Siberian Institute of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Lermontov str., 132, 664033, Irkutsk, Russia
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Świątek B, Kraj W, Pietrzykowski M. Adaptation of Betula pendula Roth., Pinus sylvestris L., and Larix decidua Mill. to environmental stress caused by tailings waste highly contaminated by trace elements. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2023; 196:52. [PMID: 38110766 PMCID: PMC10728222 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-023-12134-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
The seedlings of some tree species can successfully develop in areas polluted by heavy metals. Research on such species is important in order to explore the possibility of introducing tree species for the permanent biological stabilization and reclamation of post-flotation tailings, especially after the final recycling of trace metals, but where concentrations remain much higher than in natural soils. To better understand the adaptation and reaction of Betula pendula Roth., Pinus sylvestris L., and Larix decidua Mill. seedlings to heavy metals pollution caused by tailings waste highly contaminated by trace elements: 1) the relationships between the concentration of heavy metals in the soil substrate, the efficiency of heavy metal ions accumulation in plant organs, and the biometric parameters of the seedlings; and 2) the threshold content of heavy metals in the roots above which the plant physiological response is triggered was determined. We assume that there are certain limit concentrations of heavy metals in the soil and fine roots, which depend on the tree species and beyond which the plant responds strongly to stressThe obtained results showed that Betula is a suitable species for the phytostabilization of post-flotation tailings due to its rapid growth rate and production of root biomass. The accumulation of metals in Betula roots was found to be much greater than in Pinus and Larix. Despite the high concentrations of heavy metals in the prepared substrates, there was only a slight transfer of these elements to the aboveground parts of the plant. At high soil concentrations, the heavy metals adversely affected the cellular and physiological processes of plants. In plants growing in such conditions, the activity of the antioxidant system depended both on the species and organ of the plant, as well as on the type and metal concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bartłomiej Świątek
- Department of Ecological Engineering and Forest Hydrology, Faculty of Forestry, University of Agriculture in Kraków, Al. 29 Listopada 46, 31-425, Krakow, Poland.
| | - Wojciech Kraj
- Department of Forest Ecosystem Protection, Faculty of Forestry, University of Agriculture in Kraków, Al. 29 Listopada 46, 31-425, Krakow, Poland
| | - Marcin Pietrzykowski
- Department of Ecological Engineering and Forest Hydrology, Faculty of Forestry, University of Agriculture in Kraków, Al. 29 Listopada 46, 31-425, Krakow, Poland
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Eslamdoust J, Hosseini SM, Kardel F, Pandey AK. Environmental pollution biomonitoring around a cement factory based on the Air Pollution Tolerance Index of some tree species. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2023; 195:1425. [PMID: 37936028 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-023-12043-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
The present study examined the ability of Quercus castaneifolia C.A.M., Parrotia persica C.A.M., and Carpinus betulus L. for environmental pollution biomonitoring based on the Air Pollution Tolerance Index (APTI). Four leaf traits, total leaf chlorophyll content, leaf extract pH, ascorbic acid content, and relative water content of leaf, were used to compute the APTI values. The study was conducted at five sites in the Hyrcanian forests at different distances from a cement factory close to the Neka city, northern Iran. Based on the results, a 22.5, 30.1, and 25.8% decrease was thus recorded in total chlorophyll content for Q. castaneifolia, P. persica, and C. betulus, respectively, compared to the reference site. However, ascorbic acid content shows an increment of 179.8, 116.8, and 97.3% for P. persica, C. betulus, and Q. castaneifolia, respectively, in the polluted sites as compared to the reference site. The relative water content of P. persica was significantly higher than of Q. castaneifolia and C. betulus in all studied sites. APTI was significantly different among the species, and P. persica was highly tolerant to air pollution, with the highest values of APTI ranging from 11.8 to 16.9. The APTI values of Q. castaneifolia ranged from 9.5 to 11.3 and showed an intermediate tolerance to air pollution. Also, the most sensitive species to air pollution was C. betulus, with a range of 6.6-7.9 in APTI values. Based on APTI values, it can be suggested that P. persica can be used as a biomonitor, while C. betulus can be used as a bioindicator for atmospheric dust deposition and heavy metal pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamshid Eslamdoust
- Department of Forestry, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tarbiat Modares, Jalal Ale Ahmad Highway, P.O. Box: 14115-111, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Mohsen Hosseini
- Department of Forestry, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tarbiat Modares, Jalal Ale Ahmad Highway, P.O. Box: 14115-111, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Fatemeh Kardel
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Marine and Oceanic Sciences, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Mazandaran, Iran
| | - Ashutosh Kumar Pandey
- Department of Earth Sciences, School of Earth Sciences, Banasthali Vidyapith, P.O. Banasthali, Rajasthan, Bharat, India
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Panda SS, Sahu C, Basti S, Sahu SK. Particle and heavy metal accumulation by two plant species in a coal mining area of Odisha, India. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2023; 26:838-849. [PMID: 37849279 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2023.2270613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
Mining activities lead to severe particulate matter (PM) pollution that consequently has a detrimental effect on ecosystem. A study was therefore conducted in a coal mining area of Odisha, India with an objective to assess the particulate matter pollution on the basis of differential aerodynamic size (PM10 and PM2.5) of the particles, the metallic (Zn and Fe) composition, and also to evaluate their nature of deposition on two identified plant species. The results suggest a significant variation in particle and heavy metal fractions in the ambient air of different sites (p < 0.05). Fe dominated the finer particle (PM2.5) fraction while Zn dominated the coarser counterpart (PM10) in the ambient air. When evaluated for the particle and heavy metal deposition on leaf surface, Shorea robusta performed better in trapping the coarser particles (PM10) while Holarrhena floribunda was found to be an efficient scrubber of the finer particles (PM2.5). Fe deposition on surface of leaves was comparatively higher than Zn irrespective of plant species or size fractions. Therefore, it is concluded that both S. robusta and H. floribunda should be planted in a schematic manner to tackle the particulate pollution in coal mining areas.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Chandan Sahu
- P.G. Department of Environmental Sciences, Sambalpur University, Sambalpur, India
- School of Biotechnology, Gangadhar Meher University, Sambalpur, India
| | - Sradhanjali Basti
- P.G. Department of Environmental Sciences, Sambalpur University, Sambalpur, India
| | - Sanjat Kumar Sahu
- P.G. Department of Environmental Sciences, Sambalpur University, Sambalpur, India
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Singh AK, Shukla SK, Singh P, Madhav S, Tripathi A. Assessment of air pollution tolerance and anticipated performance index of roadside trees in urban and semi-urban regions. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2023; 195:1135. [PMID: 37656289 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-023-11759-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Rapid urbanization and rising vehicular population are the main precursors in increasing air pollutants concentration which negatively influences the surrounding ecosystem. Roadside plants are frequently used as the barrier against traffic emissions to minimize the effects of air pollution. They are, however, vulnerable to various contaminants, and their tolerance capacity varies. This necessitates a scientific inquiry into the role of roadside plantations in improved urban sprawl planning and management, where chosen trees could be cultivated to reduce air pollution. The present study assesses biochemical and physiological characteristics to evaluate the air pollution tolerance index (APTI) in Ranchi, Jharkhand. The anticipated performance index (API) was assessed based on calculated APTI and socioeconomic characteristics of a selected common tree species along the roadside at different sites. According to APTI, Mangifera indica and Eugenia jambolana were the most tolerant species throughout all the sites, while Ficus benghalensis and Ficus religiosa were intermediately tolerant towards air pollution. The one-way ANOVA shows no significant variation in APTI throughout all the sites. The regression plot shows the positive correlation of APTI with ascorbic acid among all the parameters. According to API, the Mangifera indica, Eugenia jambolana Ficus religiosa and Ficus benghalensis were excellent and best performers among all the sites. So, the air pollution-resistant tree species can be recommended for roadside plantations for the development of green belt areas in urban regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akshay Kumar Singh
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Central University of Jharkhand, Ranchi, Jharkhand, 835222, India
| | - Sushil Kumar Shukla
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Central University of Jharkhand, Ranchi, Jharkhand, 835222, India.
| | - Pardeep Singh
- Department of Environmental Science, PGDAV College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, 110065, India
| | - Sughosh Madhav
- Department of Civil Engineering, Jamia Millia Islamia University, New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Ashutosh Tripathi
- Department of Environmental Science, Nagaland University, Zuhenboto, Nagaland, 798627, India
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Dash PK, Sahu C, Basti S, Sahu SK. Altitude governs the air pollution tolerance and heavy metal accumulation in plants. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2023; 195:1122. [PMID: 37650935 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-023-11781-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Plant response to changing air pollution is a function of various factors including meteorology, type of pollutants, plant species, soil chemistry, and geography. However, the impact of altitude on plant behavior has received little attention to date. A study was therefore conducted to evaluate the impact of altitude on the air pollution tolerance index (APTI), heavy metal accumulation, and deposition in plant species. The results favor the hypothesis of a definite impact of altitude on biochemical and heavy metal accumulation in plants. While a significant decline (p < 0.05) in the relative water content (RWC), APTI, and heavy metal accumulation with increasing altitude was evident in the studied plant species, the behavior of ascorbic acid, leaf extract pH, chlorophyll content, and the particle heavy metal deposition was erratic and did not display any statistically significant differences. The metal accumulation index was in the following order: Ni > Zn > Cu > Pb > Cd > Co. Similarly, the particle heavy metal deposition on the leaf surface (µg/cm2) displayed significant species variability (p < 0.05) and was in the order: Cu (0.303) > Pb (0.301) > Ni (0.269) > Zn (0.241) > Cd (0.044) > Co (0.025). The accumulated heavy metal and RWC showcased a significant positive correlation with the APTI, suggesting the dominant role of RWC in the plant's tolerance against air pollution in an altitudinal gradient. Future studies on the role of micrometeorological conditions in altering APTI may be fruitful in ascertaining these postulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pratik Kumar Dash
- P.G. Department of Environmental Sciences, Sambalpur University, Jyoti Vihar, Sambalpur, India, 768019
| | - Chandan Sahu
- P.G. Department of Environmental Sciences, Sambalpur University, Jyoti Vihar, Sambalpur, India, 768019.
- Gangadhar Meher University, Amruta Vihar, Sambalpur, India, 768004.
| | - Sradhanjali Basti
- P.G. Department of Environmental Sciences, Sambalpur University, Jyoti Vihar, Sambalpur, India, 768019
| | - Sanjat Kumar Sahu
- P.G. Department of Environmental Sciences, Sambalpur University, Jyoti Vihar, Sambalpur, India, 768019
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Singh AK, Kumar M, Bauddh K, Singh A, Singh P, Madhav S, Shukla SK. Environmental impacts of air pollution and its abatement by plant species: A comprehensive review. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:79587-79616. [PMID: 37322401 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-28164-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Air pollution is one of the major global environmental issues urgently needed attention for its control through sustainable approaches. The release of air pollutants from various anthropogenic and natural processes imposes serious threats to the environment and human health. The green belt development using air pollution-tolerant plant species has become popular approach for air pollution remediation. Plants' biochemical and physiological attributes, especially relative water content, pH, ascorbic acid, and total chlorophyll content, are taken into account for assessing air pollution tolerance index (APTI). In contrast, anticipated performance index (API) is assessed based on socio-economic characteristics including "canopy structure, type, habit, laminar structure, economic value and APTI score" of plant species. Based on previous work, plants with high dust-capturing capacity are identified in Ficus benghalensis L. (0.95 to 7.58 mg/cm2), and highest overall PM accumulation capacity was observed in Ulmus pumila L. (PM10 = 72 µg/cm2 and PM2.5 = 70 µg/cm2) in the study from different regions. According to APTI, the plant species such as M. indica (11 to 29), Alstonia scholaris (L.) R. Br. (6 to 24), and F. benghalensis (17 to 26) have been widely reported as high air pollution-tolerant species and good to best performer in terms of API at different study sites. Statistically, previous studies show that ascorbic acid (R2 = 0.90) has good correlation with APTI among all the parameters. The plant species with high pollution tolerance capacity can be recommended for future plantation and green belt development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akshay Kumar Singh
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Central University of Jharkhand, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India, 835222
| | - Manoj Kumar
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Central University of Jharkhand, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India, 835222
| | - Kuldeep Bauddh
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Central University of Jharkhand, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India, 835222
| | - Ajai Singh
- Department of Civil Engineering, Central University of Jharkhand, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India, 835222
| | - Pardeep Singh
- Department of Environmental Science, PGDAV College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India, 110065
| | - Sughosh Madhav
- Department of Civil Engineering, Jamia Millia Islamia University, New Delhi, India, 110025
| | - Sushil Kumar Shukla
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Central University of Jharkhand, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India, 835222.
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Najafi Zilaie M, Mosleh Arani A, Etesami H. Evaluation of air pollution (dust) tolerance index of three desert species Seidlitzia rosmarinus, Haloxylon aphyllum, and Nitraria schoberi under salinity stress. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2023; 195:838. [PMID: 37310472 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-023-11436-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Dust causes adverse effects on the physiological and biochemical properties of plants, and under soil salinity conditions, these effects seem to be intensified, which limits their use in the development of the green belt around or within cities. In the research, the effect of salt (0, 30, and 60 dS m-1) on air pollution (dust, 0 and 1.5 g m-2 30 days-1) tolerance index (APTI), peroxidase activity, and protein content of three desert species Seidlitzia rosmarinus, Haloxylon aphyllum, and Nitraria schoberi was investigated. The results indicated that the use of dust alone did not change the concentration of total chlorophyll in H. aphyllum, while it decreased the concentration of total chlorophyll by 18% in N. schoberi and 21% in S. rosmarinus. Under salt stress conditions, before and after applying dust, the concentration of total chlorophyll decreased in S. rosmarinus and N. schoberi plants, but there was no change in H. aphyllum. The amount of ascorbic acid, peroxide activity, and pH increased significantly with increasing salinity level before and after applying dust. Applying dust alone increased pH value only in N. schoberi and the amount of ascorbic acid and peroxidase in all three plants. Applying dust alone reduced relative water content and APTI only in N. schoberi plant and the amount of protein in all three plants. At salinity level of 60 dS m-1 and with application of dust treatment, APTI was decreased by 10, 15, and 9% compared to its control before application of dust, respectively, in H. aphyllum, N. schoberi, and S. rosmarinus plants. Therefore, it was found that N. schoberi, which may be used as a bioindicator of air quality, has a lower APTI than S. rosmarinus and H. aphyllum, which may be served as suitable sinks to survive the air pollution (the development of a design on green belt around or within the city), under conditions of simultaneous application of dust and salt.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmood Najafi Zilaie
- Environmental Sciences Department, Faculty of Natural Resources, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran
| | | | - Hassan Etesami
- Soil Science Department, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
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Antunović V, Blagojević D, Baošić R, Relić D, Lolić A. Health risk assessment of heavy metals in soil, plant, and water samples near "Gacko" power plant, in Bosnia and Herzegovina. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2023; 195:596. [PMID: 37079193 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-023-11232-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
This study assesses heavy metal content in soil, water, and plant material from sites located around the lignite mine and the power plant "Gacko", Bosnia and Herzegovina. The samples were collected, prepared, and analyzed for heavy metals content using the flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Samples were analyzed for cadmium, lead, copper, zinc, manganese, and iron. To identify the relationship among the metals in samples and their possible sources, Pearson's correlation and principal component analysis were performed. Health risk assessment was applied to establish potential health risks posed to humans caused by contaminants in different environmental compartments. The results of our analyses show that most soil samples contain copper, and one of those samples had a copper concentration of more than 70 µg/g, which is a critical upper value for agricultural use. In the soil samples that were analyzed, cadmium was also detected, and its concentration was greater than 2 µg/g. Lead, on the other hand, had a concentration that was higher than the maximum permissible for unpolluted soils in 40% of the soil samples that were analyzed. Lead and cadmium concentrations in surface waters mostly contribute to a non-carcinogenic risk in the scenario of recreational swimming exposure. The presence of Cd, a highly toxic element in water, may be explained by the leaching of artificial fertilizers used in the study area, whereas Pb's origin may be geological. The results of this study recommend routine heavy metal monitoring in samples of soil, water, and plants from the examined area so that, if metal concentrations continue increasing, remedial action should be advised to prevent accumulation in the food chain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vesna Antunović
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Banja Luka, Save Mrkalja 14, Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Dragana Blagojević
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Science and Mathematics, University of Banja Luka, Mladena Stojanovića 2, 78000, Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Rada Baošić
- University of Belgrade - Faculty of Chemistry, Studentski Trg 12-16, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Dubravka Relić
- University of Belgrade - Faculty of Chemistry, Studentski Trg 12-16, Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Aleksandar Lolić
- University of Belgrade - Faculty of Chemistry, Studentski Trg 12-16, Belgrade, Serbia.
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Najafi Zilaie M, Mosleh Arani A, Etesami H. The importance of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria to increase air pollution tolerance index (APTI) in the plants of green belt to control dust hazards. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1098368. [PMID: 36968413 PMCID: PMC10036785 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1098368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Dust causes adverse effects on the physiological and biochemical characteristics of plants and limits their use in the development of the green belt. Air Pollution Tolerance Index (APTI) is an important tool to screen out plants, based on their tolerance or sensitivity level to different air pollutants. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of two plant growth-promoting bacterial strains (Zhihengliuella halotolerans SB and Bacillus pumilus HR) and their combination as a biological solution on APTI of three desert plant species of Seidlitzia rosmarinus, Haloxylon aphyllum and Nitraria schoberi under dust stress (0 and 1.5 g m-2 30 days-1). Dust caused a significant decrease of 21% and 19%, respectively, in the total chlorophyll of N. schoberi and S. rosmarinus, an 8% decrease in leaf relative water content, a 7% decrease in the APTI of N. schoberi, and a decrease of 26 and 17% in protein content of H. aphyllum and N. schoberi, respectively. However, Z. halotolerans SB increased the amount of total chlorophyll in H. aphyllum and S. rosmarinus by 236% and 21%, respectively, and the amount of ascorbic acid by 75% and 67% in H. aphyllum and N. schoberi, respectively. B. pumilus HR also increased the leaf relative water content in H. aphyllum and N. schoberi by 10% and 15%, respectively. The inoculation with B. pumilus HR, Z. halotolerans SB and the combination of these two isolates decreased the activity of peroxidase by 70%, 51%, and 36%, respectively, in N. schoberi, and 62%, 89%, and 25% in S. rosmarinus, respectively. These bacterial strains also increased the concentration of protein in all three desert plants. Under dust stress, H. aphyllum had a higher APTI than the other two species. Z. halotolerans SB, which had been isolated from S. rosmarinus, was more effective than B. pumilus HR in alleviating the effects of dust stress on this plant. Therefore, it was concluded that plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria can be effective at improving the mechanisms of plant tolerance to air pollution in the green belt.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmood Najafi Zilaie
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Natural Resources, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran
| | - Asghar Mosleh Arani
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Natural Resources, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran
| | - Hassan Etesami
- Department of Soil Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
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Makuch-Pietraś I, Grabek-Lejko D, Górka A, Kasprzyk I. Antioxidant activities in relation to the transport of heavy metals from the soil to different parts of Betula pendula (Roth.). J Biol Eng 2023; 17:19. [PMID: 36879267 PMCID: PMC9987087 DOI: 10.1186/s13036-022-00322-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Birch is a tree with a common occurrence in the environment and its organs are used in the form of herbal material. An important aspect of this study is birch pollen, which is a problem for allergy sufferers, and due to a variety of environmental conditions, its allergenicity may increase. Among the organs studied, inflorescences deserve attention, which, as seen from an overview of the literature, are analysed for the content of heavy metals for the first time in this study. RESULTS This paper investigated the relationship between antioxidant properties and the content of heavy metals (Cu, Zn, Cd, Pb, Ni and Cr) as the plant's response to stress, taking into account both the vegetative and generative organs of the tree Betula pendula. While studying the accumulation of elements in individual organs, the research was extended to include the aspect of different environmental conditions, reflected in two soil types of differing physicochemical properties: sandy and silty soils. In order to thoroughly analyse the transport of the studied heavy metals from the soil to individual organs (leaves, inflorescences and pollen), ecotoxicological indicators were used. A modified translocation factor (TF) index into sTF (sap translocation factor) was presented as a novelty in research, calculated based on the content of selected heavy metals in the sap flowing to individual birch organs. This allowed for a more complete description of the transport of elements in the aerial parts of plants, indicating the accumulation of zinc and cadmium, especially in leaves. Among the studied environmental conditions which may affect the accumulation of heavy metals, sandy soil is of particular significance, conditioning lower pH values, among other things. However, analysis of the reaction of birch to the conditions of the soil environment and the content of heavy metals, based on antioxidant properties, demonstrated an evident reaction to stress, but without an unambiguous response among the studied vegetative and generative organs. CONCLUSIONS As birch is a plant with wide utility values, monitoring studies are advisable to exclude the risk of accumulation of heavy metals in its organs, and for this purpose it may be useful to use the sTF indicator and assess the antioxidant potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iwona Makuch-Pietraś
- Department of Nature Conservation and Landscape Ecology, Institute of Agricultural Science, Land Management and Environmental Protection, College of Natural Sciences, University of Rzeszów, Zelwerowicza 4, 35-601, Rzeszów, Poland.
| | - Dorota Grabek-Lejko
- Department of Bioenergetics, Food Analysis and Microbiology, Institute of Food Technology and Nutrition, College of Natural Sciences, University of Rzeszów, Zelwerowicza 4, 35-601, Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Anna Górka
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Biology and Biotechnology, College of Natural Sciences, University of Rzeszów, Pigonia 1, 35-310, Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Idalia Kasprzyk
- Department of Biology, Institute of Biology and Biotechnology, College of Natural Sciences, University of Rzeszów, Pigonia 1, 35-310, Rzeszów, Poland
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Bioaccumulation of industrial heavy metals and interactive biochemical effects on two tropical medicinal plant species. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:43860-43871. [PMID: 36670223 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-25396-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Concentrations of heavy metals (Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn) accumulation were studied in the leaves of two medicinal plant species, namely Holarrhena pubescens and Wrightia tinctoria, from two industrial areas and a control area. Our comparison study revealed that industrialization significantly increased the accumulation of heavy metals in both plant species. A comparison study in control and industrial areas exhibited that heavy metal accumulation was higher in the industrially affected area than in the control area. Heavy metal concentration exceeded the permissible limit recommended by the WHO in both species of two industrial areas. However, both species accumulated the least heavy metal concentration in the control area. Biochemical investigation specifies that in response to heavy metal accumulation, both species increased the activity of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), malondialdehyde content, the activity of enzymatic (superoxide dismutase and peroxidase) and nonenzymatic (ascorbic acid) antioxidant, but decreased the primary (soluble carbohydrate and total protein), secondary metabolites (phenol and flavonoid) content and free radical scavenging (DPPH) activity. This study indicates that industrialization potentially harms medicinal plants by reducing the efficacy of their medicinal property.
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Kalugina OV, Afanasyeva LV, Mikhailova TA, Filinova NV. Activity of low-molecular weight components of Larix sibirica antioxidant system under exposure to technogenic pollution. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2022; 31:1492-1505. [PMID: 36445649 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-022-02607-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Changes in the antioxidant protection system of Larix sibirica Ledeb at different pollution levels caused by emissions from a large aluminum smelter (BrAS) have been studied. We revealed that the content of peroxide (H2O2) in the needles is a reliable marker of oxidative stress in the trees under pollution. The crucial role of non-enzymatic components, in particular, proline, phenolic compounds, ascorbic acid, glutathione, in reducing the level of free radicals in the needles cells was found. Proline concentration in the needles significantly rises with the increase in pollution levels from low to high. Under critical level pollution, it decreases by 40% compared to the background. The total content of ascorbic acid (ASC) in the needles of polluted trees varies slightly; however, there are significant changes in its various forms. With an increase in pollution to a high level, the content of the reduced form of ASC in the needles increases by 1.5-2.9 times compared to the background content. At a critical level of pollution, the total level of ascorbic acid and its reduced form falls, the content of the oxidized form reaches minimum values. The total content of phenolic compounds in the needles increased by 50-55%, concentration of flavonoids by 1.5-1.8 times, catechins by 1.9-2.5 times, proanthocyanidins by 45% compared to the background level under low, moderate, high pollution, whereas under critical pollution their content decreased. The absolute concentration of the reduced form glutathione in the needles falls by 1.9-3.0 times, the oxidized form increases by 1.5-2.0 times compared to the background. The ratio of reduced glutathione to oxidized glutathione decreased, especially during critical pollution. The data obtained show significant activation of Siberian larch biochemical protection at low, moderate and high levels of pollution by the aluminum smelter emissions. At a critical levels of contamination, a significant depletion of the pool of low-molecular antioxidants was observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Vladimirovna Kalugina
- Siberian Institute of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Lermontov str., 132, 664033, Irkutsk, Russia
| | - Larisa Vladimirovna Afanasyeva
- Institute of General and Experimental Biology Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Sakhyanova str., 6, 670047, Ulan-Ude, Russia.
| | - Tatiana Alekseevna Mikhailova
- Siberian Institute of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Lermontov str., 132, 664033, Irkutsk, Russia
| | - Nadezhda Vladimirovna Filinova
- Siberian Institute of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Lermontov str., 132, 664033, Irkutsk, Russia
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Hombrecher K, Quass U, Sievering S, Schöppe A, Rauchfuss K. Contamination of food crops by unintentionally released PCB 47, PCB 51 and PCB 68 in the vicinity of silicone production sites and their relevance for human health assessment. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 308:136392. [PMID: 36096305 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Since it was shown that silicone rubber production can unintentionally release PCBs, these production sites have become a focus of investigation. The use of the cross-linking agent bis(2,4)-dichlorobenzoylperoxide (2,4-DCBP) can lead to emissions of the PCB congeners PCB 47, PCB 51 and PCB 68 into the environment and cause their accumulation e. g. in food crops. To determine the presence and extent of this uptake, we used the newly developed method dandelion screening. Samples were taken from wild dandelion plants near nine production sites in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany, and analysed for PCBs. In some cases, the regional orientation values for the maximum background level (OMB) were exceeded by up to nine times. Overall, background levels were exceeded at seven of the nine sites investigated and mitigation measures were initiated at the production sites. In order to validate the dandelion screening results, kale was exposed, which allowed for a health assessment. A wide-ranging consumption recommendation was then issued in four out of nine study areas. At this point in the investigations, risk reduction measures had already been implemented at all production sites investigated, so it can be assumed that the exposures at sites not yet in focus are significantly greater. This is a globally relevant problem, as 2,4-DCBP is used in many countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katja Hombrecher
- North Rhine-Westphalia State Agency for Nature, Environment and Consumer Protection (LANUV NRW), Wallneyer Str. 6, Essen, 45133, Germany.
| | - Ulrich Quass
- North Rhine-Westphalia State Agency for Nature, Environment and Consumer Protection (LANUV NRW), Wallneyer Str. 6, Essen, 45133, Germany
| | - Silvia Sievering
- North Rhine-Westphalia State Agency for Nature, Environment and Consumer Protection (LANUV NRW), Wallneyer Str. 6, Essen, 45133, Germany
| | - Angelika Schöppe
- North Rhine-Westphalia State Agency for Nature, Environment and Consumer Protection (LANUV NRW), Wallneyer Str. 6, Essen, 45133, Germany
| | - Knut Rauchfuss
- North Rhine-Westphalia State Agency for Nature, Environment and Consumer Protection (LANUV NRW), Wallneyer Str. 6, Essen, 45133, Germany
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Kenny CR, Ring G, Sheehan A, Mc Auliffe MAP, Lucey B, Furey A. Novel metallomic profiling and non-carcinogenic risk assessment of botanical ingredients for use in herbal, phytopharmaceutical and dietary products using HR-ICP-SFMS. Sci Rep 2022; 12:17582. [PMID: 36266322 PMCID: PMC9584900 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-16873-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Knowledge of element concentrations in botanical extracts is relevant to assure consumer protection given the increased interest in plant-based ingredients. This study demonstrates successful multi-element investigations in order to address the lack of comprehensive profiling data for botanical extracts, while reporting for the first time the metallomic profile(s) of arnica, bush vetch, sweet cicely, yellow rattle, bogbean, rock-tea and tufted catchfly. Key element compositions were quantified using a validated HR-ICP-SFMS method (µg kg-1) and were found highly variable between the different plants: Lithium (18-3964); Beryllium (3-121); Molybdenum (75-4505); Cadmium (5-325); Tin (6-165); Barium (747-4646); Platinum (2-33); Mercury (5-30); Thallium (3-91); Lead (12-4248); Bismuth (2-30); Titanium (131-5827); Vanadium (15-1758); Chromium (100-4534); Cobalt (21-652); Nickel (230-6060) and Copper (1910-6340). Compendial permissible limits were not exceeded. Overall, no evidence of a health risk to consumers could be determined from consumption of the investigated plants at reasonable intake rates. Mathematical risk modelling (EDI, CDI, HQ, HI) estimated levels above safe oral thresholds only for Cd (16%) and Pb (8%) from higher intakes of the respective plant-derived material. Following high consumption of certain plants, 42% of the samples were categorised as potentially unsafe due to cumulative exposure to Cu, Cd, Hg and Pb. PCA suggested a potential influence of post-harvest processing on Cr, Ti and V levels in commercially-acquired plant material compared to wild-collected and farm-grown plants. Moreover, a strong correlation was observed between Pb-Bi, Be-V, Bi-Sn, and Tl-Mo occurrence. This study may support future research by providing both robust methodology and accompanying reference profile(s) suitable for the quality evaluation of essential elements and/or metal contaminants in botanical ingredients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ciara-Ruth Kenny
- CREATE (Centre for Research in Advanced Therapeutic Engineering) and BioExplore, Department of Biological Sciences, Munster Technological University (MTU), Rossa Avenue, Bishopstown, Co. Cork, T12 P928, Ireland
- Department of Physical Sciences, Munster Technological University (MTU), Rossa Avenue, Bishopstown, Co. Cork, T12 P928, Ireland
| | - Gavin Ring
- Department of Physical Sciences, Munster Technological University (MTU), Rossa Avenue, Bishopstown, Co. Cork, T12 P928, Ireland
| | - Aisling Sheehan
- Department of Physical Sciences, Munster Technological University (MTU), Rossa Avenue, Bishopstown, Co. Cork, T12 P928, Ireland
| | - Michael A P Mc Auliffe
- Centre for Advanced Photonics and Process Analysis (CAPPA), Munster Technological University (MTU), Rossa Avenue, Bishopstown, Co. Cork, T12 P928, Ireland
| | - Brigid Lucey
- CREATE (Centre for Research in Advanced Therapeutic Engineering) and BioExplore, Department of Biological Sciences, Munster Technological University (MTU), Rossa Avenue, Bishopstown, Co. Cork, T12 P928, Ireland
| | - Ambrose Furey
- CREATE (Centre for Research in Advanced Therapeutic Engineering) and BioExplore, Department of Biological Sciences, Munster Technological University (MTU), Rossa Avenue, Bishopstown, Co. Cork, T12 P928, Ireland.
- Department of Physical Sciences, Munster Technological University (MTU), Rossa Avenue, Bishopstown, Co. Cork, T12 P928, Ireland.
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21
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Detection of urban trees sensitivity to air pollution using physiological and biochemical leaf traits in Tehran, Iran. Sci Rep 2022; 12:15398. [PMID: 36100647 PMCID: PMC9470701 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-19865-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The increased population in megacities has recently exacerbated the need to combat air pollution. This study examined the concept that the sensitivity and tolerance of urban plant species to air pollution might be used to determine Tehran, Iran's air quality and obtain suitable urban greening. The air pollution tolerance index (APTI) was derived using the total chlorophyll, relative water content, pH, and ascorbic acid content of leaf extract from Morus alba, Ailanthus altissima, and Salix babylonica trees as an indicator of the sensitivity and tolerance of urban plant species. A. altissima and S. babylonica, with APTI values of 11.15 and 11.08, respectively, were sensitive to air pollution and can be employed as bioindicators, whereas M. alba, with an APTI value of 14.08, exhibited moderate resistance to air pollution and is therefore recommended for urban planting. Furthermore, the content of enzymatic and non-enzymatic parameters (carotenoid, phenol, and flavonoids) and proline concentration in the polluted seasons and sites (3 and 4) have been increased in M. alba. Collectively, we expect our findings to contribute to the rapidly growing body of research aiming to find a suitable urban greening for a wide range of polluted megacities.
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Mandal K, Dhal NK. Pollution resistance assessment of plants around chromite mine based on anticipated performance index, dust capturing capacity and metal accumulation index. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:63357-63368. [PMID: 35459993 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-20246-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Plant species sustaining under a polluted environment for a long time are considered as potentially resistant species. Those plant species can be considered as an eco-sustainable tool used to bio-monitor and mitigate pollution. This study was carried out on a total of ten commonly available plant species to assess their anticipated performance index (API), dust capturing capacity (DCC), and metal accumulation index (MAI) in chromite mine and control areas. According to the anticipated performance index (API), Macaranga peltata (Roxb.) Müll.Arg., Holarrhena pubescens Wall. ex G.Don and Ficus hispida Roxb. ex Wall. are highly tolerant species while Terminalia arjuna (Roxb. ex DC.) Wight & Arn. and Trema orientalis (L.) Blume are intermediate tolerant species. F. hispida was also shown to have the highest dust capturing capacity (5.94 ± 0.43 mg/cm2) whereas that of Woodfordia fruticosa Kurz (1.03 ± 0.11 mg/cm2) was found to be lowest. The metal accumulation index ranged from 17.29 to 4.5 and 6.38 to 1.94 at the mine and control areas, respectively. Two-way ANOVA analysis revealed area-wise significant differences between biochemical and physiological parameters. Also, results showed that the pollution level and heavy metal affected different biochemical and physiological parameters of plant species at the mining area. The plant species with the highest API, DCC, and MAI value could be recommended for greenbelt development in different polluted areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalicharan Mandal
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-Human Resource Development Centre, (CSIR-HRDC) Campus, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India
- Environment & Sustainability Department, CSIR-Institute of Minerals & Materials Technology, Bhubaneswar, 751013, Odisha, India
| | - Nabin Kumar Dhal
- Environment & Sustainability Department, CSIR-Institute of Minerals & Materials Technology, Bhubaneswar, 751013, Odisha, India.
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Occurrence of Trace Heavy Metals in Leaves of Urban Greening Plants in Fuxin, Northeast China: Spatial Distribution & Plant Purification Assessment. SUSTAINABILITY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/su14148445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
Trace element analysis, in the leaves of five kinds of greening plants (Buxus, Picea, Pine, Juniperus and Platycladus) from eight uniform distribution sites in Fuxin, a typical traditional resource-based city in northeast China, was carried out to study the purification ability difference of urban greening plants and spatial distribution tendency of heavy metal elements in the whole city area. In terms of the purification ability analysis, Platycladus had a better environmental purification capacity for Cd, As, Pb and Cr. Juniperus also showed a certain environmental purification potential for As, Pb and Cu. Furthermore, Mn has the highest point mean of element content in all plants, ranging from 64.044–114.290 µg/g, and the MnPA content of Buxus and Juniperus was 60% higher than that of the other three plants, which showed a better Mn purification effect. In terms of the spatial distribution tendency analysis, point pollution source location and the urban climate factors (mainly for the wind factor) were the main controlling factors. However, the specificity of Mn distribution suggested that its polluting behavior had a close relation with minerals transportation during exploiting and transferring in the city’s coal mining industry in the past.
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Jurowski K, Fołta M, Tatar B, Krośniak M. The Level of Cadmium Impurities in Traditional Herbal Medicinal Products with Plantago lanceolata L., folium (Ribwort Plantain Leaves) Available in Polish Pharmacies - Comprehensive Toxicological Risk Assessment Including Regulatory Point of View and ICH Q3D Elemental Impurities Guideline. Biol Trace Elem Res 2022; 200:2963-2969. [PMID: 34373979 PMCID: PMC9132828 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-021-02861-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Plantago lanceolata L., folium (ribwort plantain) is an active pharmaceutical ingredient in traditional herbal medicinal products (THMP) available in pharmacies as a demulcent for the symptomatic treatment of oral or pharyngeal irritations and associated dry cough. This kind of THMP is widely applied among the European population; however, recently, voices have been heard in the public about alleged cadmium impurities. The idea of our study was a comprehensive risk assessment of the Cd impurity exposure and its effect on human health. Our assessment strategy was based on regulatory aspects (raw results versus limits set by FAO/WHO for herbal medicines) and toxicological risk assessment approach based on ICH Q3D guideline for elemental impurities in final pharmaceutical products. The cadmium was determined by electrothermal atomization atomic absorption spectrometry based on our previously described methodology. Obtained results show that all analysed THMP with P. lanceolata L., folium available in the Polish pharmacies contain cadmium impurities, but at a very low level (ranged 0.73 - 20.6 μg/L). The content of Cd in a single dose (ng/single dose) is also very low and is not a threat to patients. The estimated maximum daily exposure (ng/day) of Cd based on the 'worst-case scenario' (maximum concentrations by oral administration) meets the standards of ICH Q3D guideline (all results were below oral permitted daily exposure; PDE for Cd, i.e. < 5.0 µg/day). It can be concluded that all analysed samples of THMP with P. lanceolata L., folium should not represent any health hazard to the patients due to cadmium levels. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study about Cd impurity level in THMP with P. lanceolata L., folium (ribwort plantain leaves) available in European pharmacies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamil Jurowski
- Institute of Medical Studies, Medical College, Rzeszów University, Al. mjr. W. Kopisto 2a, 35-959, Rzeszów, Poland.
| | - Maria Fołta
- Department of Food Chemistry and Nutrition, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Medyczna 9, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Barbara Tatar
- Department of Food Chemistry and Nutrition, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Medyczna 9, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Mirosław Krośniak
- Department of Food Chemistry and Nutrition, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Medyczna 9, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
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Ren S, Wei X, Wang J, Liu J, Ouyang Q, Jiang Y, Hu H, Huang Y, Zheng W, Nicoletto C, Renella G. Unexpected enrichment of thallium and its geochemical behaviors in soils impacted by historically industrial activities using lead‑zinc carbonate minerals. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 821:153399. [PMID: 35092772 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Thallium is a trace metal with severe toxicity. Contamination of thallium (Tl) generated by steel and non-ferrous metals industry is gaining growing concern worldwide. However, little is known on Tl contamination owing to industrial activities using carbonate minerals. This study revealed abundant geochemical mobile/bioavailable Tl (> 65.7%, in average; mostly in oxidizable fraction) in soils from a carbonate-hosted PbZn ore utilizing area in China for the first time. Unexpected Tl enrichment was observed in soil accompanying with 3655, 7820, 100.1, 27.3 and 29.9 mg/kg (in average) of Pb, Zn, As, Cd and Sb, respectively. Characterization using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis further confirmed that historical industrial activities impose anthropogenic catastrophic effects on the local agricultural soil system. The ecological and health risk assessment of heavy metal(loid)s in soils proclaimed serious potential non-carcinogenic risks of Pb and V to adults, and Pb, Tl and As to children. Sequential extraction analysis showed that Tl, as well as Pb, Zn, Mn, Co, and Cd, mainly existed in the mobile fractions (exchangeable/acid-extractable, reducible and oxidizable), indicating an ecological risk of biological accumulation of multiple metal(loid)s in this area. These findings provide a theoretical basis for taking appropriate remediation measures in order to ensure safety of soils in such industrial areas likewise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shixing Ren
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xudong Wei
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, Agripolis Campus, Viale dell'Università, 16, 35020 Legnaro, PD, Italy
| | - Jin Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Juan Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Qi'en Ouyang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yanjun Jiang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Haiyao Hu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yeliang Huang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Wentao Zheng
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Carlo Nicoletto
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, Agripolis Campus, Viale dell'Università, 16, 35020 Legnaro, PD, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Renella
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, Agripolis Campus, Viale dell'Università, 16, 35020 Legnaro, PD, Italy
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Ulaganathan A, Robinson JS, Rajendran S, Geevaretnam J, Shanmugam S, Natarajan A, Abdulrahman I A, Karthikeyan P. Potentially toxic elements contamination and its removal by aquatic weeds in the riverine system: A comparative approach. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 206:112613. [PMID: 34968432 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.112613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 12/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Thamirabarani river acquires large untreated sewage effluents from the Tirunelveli and Thoothukudi districts of South Tamil Nadu. This study examined the concentration of trace elements in water, sediment, and phytoaccumulation potential of aquatic weeds viz., A. cristata, E. crassipes, S. natans, and P. stratiotes, growing along Srivaikundam dam of Thamirabarani river. The Pb, As, Hg, Cd, and Ni concentrations in water were slightly higher than the US Food and Drug Administration (USFDA) drinking water guidelines; however, their accumulation in sediment was below WHO's sediment quality guideline. This study concludes that the phytoaccumulation factor (PAF) and translocation factor (TF) was >1 in E. crassipes and A. cristata, representing them as hyperaccumulators, suitable for phytoremediation in polluted localities. E. crassipes, A. cristata, and S. natans accumulated (100-500 fold) higher trace elements concentrations than that present in the water. Also, the concentrations of trace elements found in the aquatic weeds were below the recommended levels for the critical plant range (CRP). These selected aquatic weeds are more suitable for plant hybridization to be modified as superbug plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arisekar Ulaganathan
- Department of Fish Quality Assurance and Management, Fisheries College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Fisheries University, Tuticorin, 628 008, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Jeya Shakila Robinson
- Department of Fish Quality Assurance and Management, Fisheries College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Fisheries University, Tuticorin, 628 008, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Shalini Rajendran
- Department of Fish Quality Assurance and Management, Fisheries College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Fisheries University, Tuticorin, 628 008, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Sundhar Shanmugam
- Department of Fish Quality Assurance and Management, Fisheries College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Fisheries University, Tuticorin, 628 008, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Arumugam Natarajan
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Almansour Abdulrahman I
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Perumal Karthikeyan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, 151 W. Woodruff Ave, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
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Mondal S, Singh G. Air pollution tolerance, anticipated performance, and metal accumulation capacity of common plant species for green belt development. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:25507-25518. [PMID: 34843046 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-17716-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Green vegetation enrichment is a cost-effective technique for reducing atmospheric pollution. Fifteen common tropical plant species were assessed for identifying their air pollution tolerance, anticipated performance, and metal accumulation capacity at Jharia Coalfield and Reference (JCF) site using Air Pollution Tolerance Index (APTI), Anticipated Performance Index (API), and Metal Accumulation Index (MAI). Metal accumulation efficiencies were observed to be highest for Ficus benghalensis L. (12.67mg/kg) and Ficus religiosa L. (10.71 mg/kg). The values of APTI were found to be highest at JCF for F. benghalensis (APTI: 25.21 ± 0.95), F. religiosa (APTI: 23.02 ± 0.21), Alstonia scholaris (L.) R. Br. (APTI: 18.50 ± 0.43), Mangifera indica L. (APTI: 16.88 ± 0.65), Azadirachta indica A. Juss. (APTI: 15.87 ± 0.21), and Moringa oleifera Lam. (APTI: 16.32 ± 0.66). F. benghalensis and F. religiosa were found to be excellent performers to mitigate air pollution at JCF as per their API score. Values of MAI, APTI, and API were observed to be lowest at reference sites for all the studied plant species due to absence of any air polluting sources. The findings revealed that air pollution played a significant impact in influencing the biochemical and physiological parameters of plants in a contaminated coal mining area. The species with the maximum MAI and APTI values might be employed in developing a green belt to minimize the levels of pollutants into the atmosphere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shilpi Mondal
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines), Dhanbad, 826004, Jharkhand, India
| | - Gurdeep Singh
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines), Dhanbad, 826004, Jharkhand, India.
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28
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Screening of Plant Species Response and Performance for Green Belt Development: Implications for Semi-Urban Ecosystem Restoration. SUSTAINABILITY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/su14073968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Screened plant species with potential for green belt development can act as eco-sustainable tools for restoring the polluted ecosystem. Eight plant species from two study locations in Ado-Odo, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria, were examined to identify their air pollution response and performance by deploying two air pollution indices, namely air pollution tolerance index (APTI) and anticipated performance index (API). APTI results identified all screened plants as sensitive species suitable as bio-indicators of air pollution, with Ficus auriculata (2.42) common to the non-industrial location being the most sensitive. API scores categorized Ficus auriculata (56.25%) as a moderate performer, while Syzygium malaccense (75%) and Mangifera indica (75%) were identified as very good performers, suitable for green belt development. The relationship between each biochemical parameter with APTI was investigated using regression analysis and two-way analysis of variance. The model result showed a significant relationship between each biochemical parameter with APTI, and relative water content had the highest influence on APTI (R2 = 0.99436). Both indices (APTI and API) are suitable for screening and recommending native plant species for cultivation in the polluted environment, thus promoting ecological restoration. Hence, Syzygium malaccense, Mangifera indica and Ficus auriculata, respectively, were recommended for green belts design. Further intensive screening to identify tolerant species and best to excellent performer’s trees suitable for restoring the ecosystem is advised.
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Abstract
The medicinal benefits of P. lanceolata L. have been acknowledged worldwide for hundreds of years. The plant is now distributed worldwide, especially in temperate zones. This review gives an overview of ethnomedicinal use, phytochemistry, pharmacological activities, and other potential application of P. lanceolate L. Several effective chemical constituents such as polyphenols, tannins, flavonoids, alkaloids, terpenoids, iridoid glycosides, fatty acids, and polysaccharides are found in P. lanceolata L., which contribute to its exerting specific therapeutic effects. Correspondingly, studies have found that P. lanceolata L. has different biological activities, including antioxidant, antibacterial, wound-healing, anti-inflammatory, cytotoxic, and antiulcerogenic activity. The plant also treats various diseases related to the skin, respiratory organs, digestive organs, reproduction, circulation, cancer, pain relief, and infections. The plant has many applications in cosmetics such as lotion and creams; it is also used as an excellent indicator to know the presence and absence of heavy metals and the accumulation in industrial and urban areas. The plant suppresses soil nitrogen mineralization in agriculture due to allelochemicals such as aucubin. The biological activities, medicinal properties, and industrial application of P. lanceolata mainly depend on the activities of the responsible, active chemical constituents. However, this field still needs more study to determine the exact mechanisms and the main bioactive compound activity accountable for these activities. Also, most of the studies have been performed in vitro, so further in vivo studies are recommended for the future.
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Cong L, Zhou S, Niyogi D, Wu Y, Yan G, Dai L, Liu S, Zhang Z, Hu Y. Concentrations and isotopic analysis for the sources and transfer of lead in an urban atmosphere-plant-soil system. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 311:114771. [PMID: 35248929 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.114771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Lead pollution has attracted significant attention over the years. However, research on the transfer of lead between urban atmospheric particles, soils, and plants remains rare. We measured lead concentrations and lead isotope ratios in total suspended particles (TSP), soil, and plants in an urban wetland in Beijing. The study period was September 2016-August 2017- covering all four seasons. The concentrations of lead in the atmospheric particles vary from 3.13 to 6.68 mg/m3. It is significantly higher in autumn than that in spring and summer (P < 0.05). There is also a significant difference between summer and winter (P < 0.05). The soil lead concentrations range from 57 to 114 mg/kg, with the highest concentration in spring, followed by summer, winter and autumn. The lead concentrations are 1.28-7.75 mg/kg in plants. The concentration was highest in spring and significantly higher than in summer. The bioaccumulation factor of Phragmites australis was 0.064 (<0.1), indicating that lead is not easily transferred to plants. Unlike the bioaccumulation factors, translocation factors have much higher values, indicating a higher transfer within the plants. Results also indicate an interesting seasonal pattern with almost 97% of lead in plants during spring being of atmospheric origin, whereas in autumn, soilborne sources contribute almost 94%. The isotopic compositions of lead in the urban atmosphere-soil-plant system show that lead pollution results from the mixing of geogenic and anthropogenic materials. Vehicle exhaust, crustal rocks and ore deposits are likely primary sources of lead pollution within the study domain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Cong
- College of Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China; The Key Laboratory of Ecological Protection in the Yellow River Basin of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Shijun Zhou
- College of Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China; The Key Laboratory of Ecological Protection in the Yellow River Basin of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Dev Niyogi
- Department of Agronomy and Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA; Department of Geological Sciences, Jackson School of Geosciences, And Department of Civil, Environmental and Architectural Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Yanan Wu
- College of Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China; The Key Laboratory of Ecological Protection in the Yellow River Basin of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Guoxin Yan
- College of Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China; The Key Laboratory of Ecological Protection in the Yellow River Basin of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Liyi Dai
- College of Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China; The Key Laboratory of Ecological Protection in the Yellow River Basin of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Songyang Liu
- Xi 'an International Port Park City Appearance Garden and Ecological Environment Bureau, Xi'an, 610026, China
| | - Zhenming Zhang
- College of Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China; The Key Laboratory of Ecological Protection in the Yellow River Basin of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing, 100083, China.
| | - Yuanhui Hu
- Department of International Cooperation and International Cooperation Project Center, National Forestry and Grass Administration, Beijing, 100714, China.
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Steingräber LF, Ludolphy C, Metz J, Germershausen L, Kierdorf H, Kierdorf U. Heavy metal concentrations in floodplain soils of the Innerste River and in leaves of wild blackberries (Rubus fruticosus L. agg.) growing within and outside the floodplain: the legacy of historical mining activities in the Harz Mountains (Germany). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:22469-22482. [PMID: 34786622 PMCID: PMC8930881 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-17320-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
We studied heavy metal levels in floodplain soils of the Innerste River in northern Germany and in the leaves of wild blackberries (Rubus fruticosus L. agg.) growing within and in adjacent areas outside the river floodplain. Heavy metal contamination of the Innerste floodplain is a legacy of historical metal ore mining, processing, and smelting in the Harz Mountains. The heavy metal (Cd, Pb, Zn, Cu, Ni, and Cr) contents of previously studied soil samples from eleven floodplain sites along the Innerste River were re-analyzed statistically, and the levels of these metals in blackberry leaves were determined at five sites. Mean concentrations in the floodplain soils were elevated by factors of 4.59 to 28.5 for Cd, 13.03 to 158.21 for Pb, 5.66 to 45.83 for Zn, and 1.1-14.81 for Cu relative to the precautionary limits for soils stipulated by the German Federal Soil Protection and Contaminated Sites Ordinance. Cadmium, Pb, Zn, Cu, and Ni levels in floodplain soils decreased markedly downstream, as did the concentrations of Cd, Zn, and Ni in the leaves of blackberries from within the floodplain. Levels of Cd, Pb, and Zn in leaves of blackberries from within the floodplain significantly exceeded those of specimens from outside the floodplain. The findings of our study highlight the potential of wild blackberry as a biomonitor of soil pollution by Cd, Pb, and Zn and corroborate the massive heavy metal contamination of floodplain soils along the Innerste River observed in previous studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louisa F Steingräber
- Department of Biology, University of Hildesheim, Universitätsplatz 1, 31141, Hildesheim, Germany
| | - Catharina Ludolphy
- Department of Biology, University of Hildesheim, Universitätsplatz 1, 31141, Hildesheim, Germany
| | - Johannes Metz
- Department of Biology, University of Hildesheim, Universitätsplatz 1, 31141, Hildesheim, Germany
| | - Lars Germershausen
- Niedersächsischer Landesbetrieb für Wasserwirtschaft, Küsten- und Naturschutz, Betriebsstelle Hannover-Hildesheim, An der Scharlake 39, 31135, Hildesheim, Germany
| | - Horst Kierdorf
- Department of Biology, University of Hildesheim, Universitätsplatz 1, 31141, Hildesheim, Germany
| | - Uwe Kierdorf
- Department of Biology, University of Hildesheim, Universitätsplatz 1, 31141, Hildesheim, Germany.
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32
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Hubai K, Kováts N, Sainnokhoi TA, Teke G. Accumulation pattern of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons using Plantago lanceolata L. as passive biomonitor. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:7300-7311. [PMID: 34476695 PMCID: PMC8763834 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-16141-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Biomonitors are considered a cheap alternative of active air samplers, especially where spatial pattern of air quality is to be monitored, requiring numerous parallel measurements. Of higher plants, Plantago lanceolata L. has been proven a good monitor species with proper accumulation capacity. While biomonitoring studies are difficult to compare due to inherent errors such as the diverse plant material used in different studies, the No. 227 OECD GUIDELINE FOR THE TESTING OF CHEMICALS: Terrestrial Plant Test: Vegetative Vigour Test provides a tool to test extract of aerosol samples under controlled laboratory conditions. In our study, this guideline was followed to experimentally treat Plantago with the aqueous extract of a diesel exhaust sample. Accumulation pattern of polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) was assessed and compared to samples collected in the field. Unlike most studies reported in the literature, both in the experimentally treated and field Plantago samples, high ratio of high molecular weight PAHs was experienced. Distribution pattern of accumulated PAHs showed strong correlation between the experimentally treated sample and most of the field plantain samples, underlying the usefulness of laboratory treatments for bioaccumulation studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katalin Hubai
- Centre of Natural Sciences, University of Pannonia, Egyetem str. 10, Veszprém, 8200, Hungary
| | - Nora Kováts
- Centre of Natural Sciences, University of Pannonia, Egyetem str. 10, Veszprém, 8200, Hungary.
| | - Tsend-Ayush Sainnokhoi
- Centre of Natural Sciences, University of Pannonia, Egyetem str. 10, Veszprém, 8200, Hungary
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Mongolian University of Life Sciences, Khan-Uul district, Zaisan, Ulaanbaatar, 17042, Mongolia
| | - Gábor Teke
- ELGOSCAR-2000 Environmental Technology and Water Management Ltd., Balatonfuzfo, 8184, Hungary
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Simon E, Molnár VÉ, Lajtos D, Bibi D, Tóthmérész B, Szabó S. Usefulness of Tree Species as Urban Health Indicators. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:plants10122797. [PMID: 34961268 PMCID: PMC8709473 DOI: 10.3390/plants10122797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
We used the Air Pollution Tolerance Index (APTI), the amount of PM5 and PM10, and the elemental analysis of leaves to explore the sensitivity of tree species to air pollution. We assessed the tolerance of Robinia pseudoacacia, Acer saccharinum, Tilia × europaea, Acer platanoides, Fraxinus excelsior, Betula pendula, Celtis occidentalis, and Platanus × acerifolia to the amount of dust, APTI, and the elemental concentration of leaves. Leaves were collected in Debrecen (Hungary), which has a high intensity of vehicular traffic. The highest amount of PM (both PM10 and PM5) was found on the leaves of A. saccharinum and B. pendula. Our results demonstrated that A. saccharinum was moderately tolerant, while P. acerifolia was intermediate, based on the APTI value. There was a significant difference in the parameters of APTI and the elemental concentration of leaves among species. We found that tree leaves are reliable bioindicators of air pollution in urban areas. Based on the value of APTI, A. saccharinum and P. acerifolia, and based on PM, A. saccharinum and B. pendula are recommended as pollutant-accumulator species, while other studied species with lower APTI values are useful bioindicators of air pollution. The results support landscape engineers and urban developers in finding the best tree species that are tolerant to pollution and in using those as proxies of urban environmental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edina Simon
- Department of Ecology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (D.L.); (D.B.)
| | - Vanda Éva Molnár
- Department of Physical Geography and Geoinformatics, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (V.É.M.); (S.S.)
| | - Domonkos Lajtos
- Department of Ecology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (D.L.); (D.B.)
| | - Dina Bibi
- Department of Ecology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (D.L.); (D.B.)
| | - Béla Tóthmérész
- MTA-DE Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services Research Group, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary;
| | - Szilárd Szabó
- Department of Physical Geography and Geoinformatics, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (V.É.M.); (S.S.)
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Hombrecher K, Quass U, Leisner J, Wichert M. Significant release of unintentionally produced non-Aroclor polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) congeners PCB 47, PCB 51 and PCB 68 from a silicone rubber production site in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 285:131449. [PMID: 34329153 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Silicone rubber production using bis(2,4)-dichlorobenzoylperoxide (2,4-DCBP) as cross-linking agent was recently found to emit significant amounts of the non-Aroclor PCB congeners PCB 47, PCB 51 and PCB 68 into ambient air. Emissions were reported initially to be associated with flue gas condensate flakes deposited in the direct vicinity of the production site. These flakes were mainly composed of 2,4-dichlorobenzoic acid and were contaminated with PCBs in the range of 150-300 mg/kg. Analysis of ambient air proved that also substantial gaseous emissions of the specific PCB congeners occur. The PCB congeners PCB 47, PCB 51 and PCB 68 were also found in bulk deposition samples, bio-indicators (dandelion, kale) and soil samples in the vicinity of the production site. Substitution of 2,4-DCBP by other cross-linking agents and mitigation measures led to a significant decrease of environmental impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katja Hombrecher
- North Rhine-Westphalia State Agency for Nature, Environment and Consumer Protection (LANUV NRW), Wallneyer Str. 6, 45133, Essen, Germany.
| | - Ulrich Quass
- North Rhine-Westphalia State Agency for Nature, Environment and Consumer Protection (LANUV NRW), Wallneyer Str. 6, 45133, Essen, Germany
| | - Jörg Leisner
- North Rhine-Westphalia State Agency for Nature, Environment and Consumer Protection (LANUV NRW), Wallneyer Str. 6, 45133, Essen, Germany
| | - Michael Wichert
- North Rhine-Westphalia State Agency for Nature, Environment and Consumer Protection (LANUV NRW), Wallneyer Str. 6, 45133, Essen, Germany
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Zhu J, Xu J, Cao Y, Fu J, Li B, Sun G, Zhang X, Xu C. Leaf reflectance and functional traits as environmental indicators of urban dust deposition. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 21:533. [PMID: 34773986 PMCID: PMC8590267 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-021-03308-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND How to quickly predict and evaluate urban dust deposition is the key to the control of urban atmospheric environment. Here, we focus on changes of plant reflectance and plant functional traits due to dust deposition, and develop a prediction model of dust deposition based on these traits. RESULTS The results showed that (1) The average dust deposition per unit area of Ligustrum quihoui leaves was significantly different among urban environments (street (18.1001 g/m2), community (14.5597 g/m2) and park (9.7661 g/m2)). Among different urban environments, leaf reflectance curves tends to be consistent, but there were significant differences in leaf reflectance values (park (0.052-0.585) > community (0.028-0.477) > street (0.025-0.203)). (2) There were five major reflection peaks and five major absorption valleys. (3) The spectral reflectances before and after dust removal were significantly different (clean leaves > dust-stagnant leaves). 695 ~ 1400 nm was the sensitive range of spectral response. (4) Dust deposition has significant influence on slope and position of red edge. Red edge slope was park > community > street. After dust deposition, the red edge position has obviously "blue shift". The moving distance of the red edge position increases with the increase of dust deposition. The forecast model of dust deposition amount established by simple ratio index (y = 2.517x + 0.381, R2 = 0.787, RMSE (root-mean-square error) = 0.187. In the model, y refers to dust retention, x refers to simple ratio index.) has an average accuracy of 99.98%. (5) With the increase of dust deposition, the specific leaf area and chlorophyll content index decreased gradually. The leaf dry matter content, leaf tissue density and leaf thickness increased gradually. CONCLUSION In the dust-polluted environment, L. quihoui generally presents a combination of characters with lower specific leaf area, chlorophyll content index, and higher leaf dry matter content, leaf tissue density and leaf thickness. Leaf reflectance spectroscopy and functional traits have been proved to be effective in evaluating the changes of urban dust deposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiyou Zhu
- Research Center for Urban Forestry, The Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Forest Ecosystem of State Forestry and Grassland Administration , Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Jingliang Xu
- Research Center for Urban Forestry, The Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Forest Ecosystem of State Forestry and Grassland Administration , Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Yujuan Cao
- Research Center for Urban Forestry, The Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Forest Ecosystem of State Forestry and Grassland Administration , Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Jing Fu
- Research Center for Urban Forestry, The Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Forest Ecosystem of State Forestry and Grassland Administration , Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Benling Li
- Production and Operation Management Department, China Communications Construction Company, Beijing, 100088, China
| | - Guangpeng Sun
- Research Center for Urban Forestry, The Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Forest Ecosystem of State Forestry and Grassland Administration , Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Xinna Zhang
- Research Center for Urban Forestry, The Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Forest Ecosystem of State Forestry and Grassland Administration , Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Chengyang Xu
- Research Center for Urban Forestry, The Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Forest Ecosystem of State Forestry and Grassland Administration , Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China.
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Sahli L, Belhiouani H. Ficus retusa L. as possible indicator of air metallic pollution in urban environment. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2021; 24:1050-1059. [PMID: 34756125 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2021.1999205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to explore the accumulation potential of heavy metals (HMs) by Ficus retusa L. and its possible use for air pollution biomonitoring in urban areas. Plant material was sampled along the national roads in Constantine city (NE-Algeria), characterized by an intense traffic load. The concentrations of cadmium, copper, lead and zinc were determined in the washed and unwashed leaves. The mean concentrations of HMs decrease in the following order: Zn > Pb > Cu > Cd for both studied leaves, and were about 0.68 and 0.98 mg/kg d.m for Cd, 7.26 and 8.74 mg/kg d.m for Cu, 20.35 and 37.61 mg/kg d.m for Pb and 63.33 mg/kg d.m and 75.94 mg/kg d.m for Zn, for washed and unwashed leaves respectively. The studied metal contents were significantly higher than those cited in the literature; this indicates the traffic road impact on HMs emissions and uptake by plants. Higher values of metal accumulation index (MAI) indicate the effectiveness of the studied species for monitoring air metallic pollution in urban areas. Results of this study could be beneficial as preliminary reference values for HMs uptake by F. retusa in urban environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Sahli
- Laboratory of Biology and Environment, University Mentouri Brothers-Constantine1, Constantine, Algeria
| | - Hadjer Belhiouani
- Laboratory of Biology and Environment, University Mentouri Brothers-Constantine1, Constantine, Algeria
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Afanasyeva LV, Kalugina OV, Mikhailova TA. The effect of aluminum smelter emissions on nutritional status of coniferous trees (Irkutsk Region, Russia). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:62605-62615. [PMID: 34195945 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-15118-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Element contents in assimilation organs of trees are an essential component of a comprehensive forest condition diagnosis. They allow conclusions about the current nutritional status of trees and estimate the main risks for a sustainable forest ecosystem management in the future. The purpose of this research was to study the effect of highly aggressive fluorine-containing emissions from a large aluminum smelter on the nutritional status of coniferous trees Larix sibirica and Pinus sylvestris. Studies carried out in the background areas showed that the both species have the main part of the elements in optimal quantities. A deficiency is noted for potassium. The content of N, K, Mg, Na, S, F, Cu, Co, and Cd in L. sibirica needles was 1.2-5.2 times higher than in P. sylvestris needles. Under the influence of the aluminum smelter emissions, fluorine concentration in the tree needles increases by 13.8-30.0 times; sulfur by 2.9-3.6 times; heavy metals by 2.0-5.1 times; and nitrogen, calcium, magnesium, and sodium by 1.2-3.6 times, especially in the industrial zone and 5 km far from it. With the increasing distance from the smelter, the content of pollutants in the tree needles decreases. Values close to background are observed at a distance of over 40 km. According to index biogeochemical transformation, the elemental composition of P. sylvestris needles undergoes greater changes than L. sibirica ones under the influence emissions from the aluminum smelter. Changes in the element concentration of the tree needles caused by the impact of industrial emissions lead to a restructuring of the elements accumulation rows, as well as to a violation of the element quantitative ratios. Change of N:P:K, Ca:K, Ca:P, P:S, P:F, Mn:F, and Mn:Fe ratios points to serious nutrient imbalances in coniferous trees, which may reduce their vitality and growth in the long run.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larisa Vladimirovna Afanasyeva
- Institute of General and Experimental Biology Biochemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 6, Sakhyanova str, 670047, Ulan-Ude, Russia
| | - Olga Vladimirovna Kalugina
- Siberian Institute of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 132, Lermontova str, 664033, Irkutsk, Russia.
| | - Tatiana Alekseevna Mikhailova
- Siberian Institute of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 132, Lermontova str, 664033, Irkutsk, Russia
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38
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Martínez-Pérez M, Arenas-Huertero F, Cortés-Eslava J, Morton-Bermea O, Gómez-Arroyo S. Robinsonecio gerberifolius as a sentinel organism for atmospheric pollution by heavy metals in several sites of Mexico city and its metropolitan area. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:31032-31042. [PMID: 33594571 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-12862-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Evaluate the effect of heavy metals (HM) on sentinel organisms such as vascular plants represent a model to estimate toxic hazard due to environmental pollution. In the present study, the plant Robinsonecio gerberifolius was used to evaluate the toxic effects of the HM contained in the leaves of plants that were exposed to 4 different sites in Mexico city and its metropolitan area, during the rainy and dry seasons in the period 2017-2019. The comet assay to evaluate genotoxicity revealed an increase with respect to control (p < 0.05), in 2nd and 8th week of exposure, in all 4 study sites and in both seasons, more significant in the rainy period. An increase in the induction of oxidative stress was also observed in the exposed leaves from the 4 study sites when compared with the control; in some cases, the increases were significant (p < 0.05). In general, α- and ß-carotenoids were increased at 8th week of exposure, in all plants exposed in both seasons, while miR398 increased in plants exposed in 2 study sites (p < 0.05). Finally, toxic HM like aluminum, vanadium, and cadmium, increased significantly in the rainy season, while lead increased in the dry season. We conclude that R. gerberifolius can be considered a sentinel plant for evaluating the presence and general toxic effects caused by the presence of toxic HM that have been documented in the atmosphere of Mexico City and its metropolitan area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Martínez-Pérez
- Laboratorio de Genotoxicología y Mutagénesis Ambientales, Centro de Ciencias de la Atmósfera, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, 04510, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Francisco Arenas-Huertero
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Patología Experimental, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Josefina Cortés-Eslava
- Laboratorio de Genotoxicología y Mutagénesis Ambientales, Centro de Ciencias de la Atmósfera, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, 04510, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Ofelia Morton-Bermea
- Laboratorio de Geomagnetismo y Exploración Geofísica, Instituto de Geofísica, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, 04510, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Sandra Gómez-Arroyo
- Laboratorio de Genotoxicología y Mutagénesis Ambientales, Centro de Ciencias de la Atmósfera, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, 04510, Ciudad de México, México.
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Hossain M, Karmakar D, Begum SN, Ali SY, Patra PK. Recent trends in the analysis of trace elements in the field of environmental research: A review. Microchem J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2021.106086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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40
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Ben Amor A, Bagues M, Elloumi N, Chaira N, Rahmani R, Nagaz K. Suitability of four main Mediterranean tree crops for their growth in peri-urban agriculture and restoration (Gabes, Tunisia). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:19034-19045. [PMID: 33394422 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-12102-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In order to increase the knowledge about crop tolerance to air pollutants in the different agroclimatic zones of the world, so that they can be efficiently considered for improving peri-urban agriculture, increasing the success of restoration projects, or enhancing air quality in polluted sites, the suitability of four economical valuable tree crops of the Mediterranean agriculture were studied under field conditions: date palm tree (Phoenix dactylifera L.), pomegranate (Punica granatum L.), fig tree (Ficus carica L.), and olive tree (Olea europaea L.). The measurement of biochemical markers such as ascorbic acid content, leaf relative water content, leaf total chlorophyll and leaf extract pH, at two contrasted air quality sites, a polluted site located around Gabes (Tunisia) industrial area and a control site, allowed the assessment of the air pollution tolerance index (APTI) and anticipated performance index (API) for the assayed species. Results showed obvious differences between the evergreen and the caducifolious tree crops assayed. Phoenix dactylifera tree (API = 6) was classified as an excellent performer for growing under poor air quality, followed by Olea europaea tree (API = 2) which was classified as a moderate performer. Both of trees can be recommended for successful results in peri-urban agriculture and restoration projects of polluted areas in the Mediterranean climate; on the contrary, the suitability of the Punica granatum (API = 1) was very poor, but still potentially interesting as a biological indicator of air pollution. Regarding the Ficus carica tree (API = 0), this species is not suitable for growing in air-polluted areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afef Ben Amor
- Drylands and Oases Cropping Laboratory, Institute of Arid Regions of Medenine, University of Gabes, Gabes, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed Bagues
- Drylands and Oases Cropping Laboratory, Institute of Arid Regions of Medenine, University of Gabes, Gabes, Tunisia.
| | - Nada Elloumi
- Laboratory of Water, Energy and Environment, Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Nizar Chaira
- Drylands and Oases Cropping Laboratory, Institute of Arid Regions of Medenine, University of Gabes, Gabes, Tunisia
| | - Rami Rahmani
- Research Unit of Active Biomolecules Valorization, Higher Institute of Applied Biology of Mednine, University of Gabes, Gabes, Tunisia
| | - Kamel Nagaz
- Drylands and Oases Cropping Laboratory, Institute of Arid Regions of Medenine, University of Gabes, Gabes, Tunisia
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Levei L, Cadar O, Babalau-Fuss V, Kovacs E, Torok AI, Levei EA, Ozunu A. Use of Black Poplar Leaves for the Biomonitoring of Air Pollution in an Urban Agglomeration. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10030548. [PMID: 33799386 PMCID: PMC7999536 DOI: 10.3390/plants10030548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Trees are considered to be an effective tool for metal pollution biomonitoring. In the present study, the concentration of metals (Cu, Pb, Zn, Cd, Co, Ni, Fe, Mn, and Al) in black poplar leaves (Populus nigra L.), together with the concentration of PM10, PM2.5, PM1, and total suspended particles (TSP), was used for the air pollution biomonitoring in 12 sites from various areas of Cluj-Napoca city, Romania. The concentration of PM10 in the air was high, but their metal content was low. However, Cu, Pb, and Zn were moderately enriched, while Cd was highly enriched in PM10 due to anthropogenic sources. The average metal concentration in leaves decreased in the order Zn>>Fe>Mn>Al>Pb>Ni>Cu>Co>Cd and increased with the increase of PM10 concentration, indicating that poplar leaves are sensitive to air pollution. The principal component analysis indicated that traffic, waste burning, road dust resuspension, and soil contamination are the main anthropogenic sources of metals in poplar leaves. The results indicated that black poplar leaves are a suitable biomonitoring tool for metal pollution, in urban environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Levente Levei
- INCDO-INOE 2000, Research Institute for Analytical Instrumentation, 67 Donath Street, RO-400296 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (L.L.); (V.B.-F.); (E.K.); (A.I.T.); (E.A.L.)
- Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Babes-Bolyai University, 30 Fantanele Street, RO-400294 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Oana Cadar
- INCDO-INOE 2000, Research Institute for Analytical Instrumentation, 67 Donath Street, RO-400296 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (L.L.); (V.B.-F.); (E.K.); (A.I.T.); (E.A.L.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Vanda Babalau-Fuss
- INCDO-INOE 2000, Research Institute for Analytical Instrumentation, 67 Donath Street, RO-400296 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (L.L.); (V.B.-F.); (E.K.); (A.I.T.); (E.A.L.)
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Science and Veterinary Medicine, 3-5 Calea Manastur Street, RO-400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Eniko Kovacs
- INCDO-INOE 2000, Research Institute for Analytical Instrumentation, 67 Donath Street, RO-400296 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (L.L.); (V.B.-F.); (E.K.); (A.I.T.); (E.A.L.)
- Faculty of Horticulture, University of Agricultural Science and Veterinary Medicine, 3-5 Calea Manastur Street, RO-400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Anamaria Iulia Torok
- INCDO-INOE 2000, Research Institute for Analytical Instrumentation, 67 Donath Street, RO-400296 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (L.L.); (V.B.-F.); (E.K.); (A.I.T.); (E.A.L.)
| | - Erika Andrea Levei
- INCDO-INOE 2000, Research Institute for Analytical Instrumentation, 67 Donath Street, RO-400296 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (L.L.); (V.B.-F.); (E.K.); (A.I.T.); (E.A.L.)
| | - Alexandru Ozunu
- Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Babes-Bolyai University, 30 Fantanele Street, RO-400294 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
- DIMTEC, University of the Free State, Nelson Mandela Street, Bloemfontein SA-9300, South Africa
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Lisiak-Zielińska M, Borowiak K, Budka A, Kanclerz J, Janicka E, Kaczor A, Żyromski A, Biniak-Pieróg M, Podawca K, Mleczek M, Niedzielski P. How polluted are cities in central Europe? - Heavy metal contamination in Taraxacum officinale and soils collected from different land use areas of three representative cities. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 266:129113. [PMID: 33310525 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.129113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/21/2020] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
The level of environmental contamination can vary according to different types of land use. The aim of the present study was to determine the relations among Cd, Pb, Ni and Cr content in plants (Taraxacum officinale) and soils for 10 types of land use in the urban areas of representative cities for central Europe region (Warsaw, Poznan and Wroclaw in Poland). Descriptive statistical analysis, as well as cluster analysis and principal component analysis, heatmaps and Andrews curves, was performed to identify relations between HMs and land use, as well as differences between particular cities. The investigations revealed variation among sites, plant organs and cities. The content (mg kg-1 DW) in soils, roots and leaves for Cd varied between 0.4 and 3.6, 0.4-2.8 and 0.5-3.9, Cr ranged between 23.2 and 40.6, 14.0-26.1 and 15.8-24.8, Ni varied between 2.1 and 13.2, 0.2-42.1 and 0.0-3.9, while Pb varied between 27.0 and 231.5, 4.3-34.2 and 3.0-9.5, respectively. It was possible to note some tendencies. Nickel was the element with the highest content in the roots (up to 42.1 mg kg-1 DW) in comparison to leaves and soils and the highest bioaccumulation factor (up to 15.0). This means that the main source of Ni might be contamination of the soil. The cluster analysis of standardized HM levels in leaves revealed that cadmium is a different from the other three elements, which might be related to the translocation factor, for which this element was found to have the highest levels at many sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Lisiak-Zielińska
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Environmental and Mechanical Engineering, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Piatkowska 94C, 60-649, Poznań, Poland.
| | - Klaudia Borowiak
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Environmental and Mechanical Engineering, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Piatkowska 94C, 60-649, Poznań, Poland.
| | - Anna Budka
- Department of Mathematical and Statistical Methods, Faculty of Agronomy, Horticulture and Bioengineering, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 28, 60-637, Poznań, Poland.
| | - Jolanta Kanclerz
- Department of Land Improvement, Environmental Development and Spatial Management, Faculty of Environmental and Mechanical Engineering, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Piatkowska 94E, 60-649, Poznań, Poland.
| | - Ewelina Janicka
- Department of Land Improvement, Environmental Development and Spatial Management, Faculty of Environmental and Mechanical Engineering, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Piatkowska 94E, 60-649, Poznań, Poland.
| | - Anna Kaczor
- Department of Land Improvement, Environmental Development and Spatial Management, Faculty of Environmental and Mechanical Engineering, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Piatkowska 94E, 60-649, Poznań, Poland.
| | - Andrzej Żyromski
- Institute of Environmental Protection and Development, Faculty of Environmental Engineering and Geodesy, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Plac Grunwaldzki 24, 50-363, Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Małgorzata Biniak-Pieróg
- Institute of Environmental Protection and Development, Faculty of Environmental Engineering and Geodesy, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Plac Grunwaldzki 24, 50-363, Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Konrad Podawca
- Department of Remote Sensing and Environmental Assessment, Institute of Environmental Engineering, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska 166, 02-787, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Mirosław Mleczek
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 75, 60-625 Poznań, Poland.
| | - Przemysław Niedzielski
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614, Poznań, Poland.
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Fang T, Jiang T, Yang K, Li J, Liang Y, Zhao X, Gao N, Li H, Lu W, Cui K. Biomonitoring of heavy metal contamination with roadside trees from metropolitan area of Hefei, China. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2021; 193:151. [PMID: 33641075 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-021-08926-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Air and dust borne heavy metals can be deposited and bioaccumulated by plants; therefore, biomonitoring employing plants is an effective tool for environmental impact assessment in urban environments. In this study, in addition to road dust, leaves and bark were collected from four common tree species at roadside and urban park sampling sites within the metropolitan area of Hefei, China. A range of heavy metals were analyzed by ICP-MS and AFS. The metal accumulation index (MAI) was adopted to compare the bioaccumulation capacity. Results showed that Cd was highly enriched in road dust although its abundance was low in comparison with that of other elements. The MAI values presented a narrow range (1.8-2.7); however, significant differences (p < 0.05) were found for Al, Cu, Zn, and As among the tree species. Moreover, deciduous Platanus orientalis bioaccumulated more nonessential As than the other species and deserved further risk management. In addition, bark samples from Cinnamomum camphora bioaccumulated more heavy metals than the other species as a result of its morphological and anatomical characteristics. The distribution patterns of heavy metals in tree tissues showed obvious spatial heterogeneity, as impacted by anthropogenic activities to varying degrees. This study examined the biomonitoring potential of roadside trees and the distribution pattern of heavy metals in an urban area under rapid development. Results from the present study could provide baseline data for urban environmental impact assessment and the design of green belts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Fang
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquaculture and Enhancement of Anhui Province, Fisheries Research Institute, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, 230001, Anhui, China
| | - Ting Jiang
- Hefei City Landscaping Quality Supervision and Management Center, Hefei, 230001, Anhui, China
| | - Kun Yang
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquaculture and Enhancement of Anhui Province, Fisheries Research Institute, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, 230001, Anhui, China
| | - Jing Li
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquaculture and Enhancement of Anhui Province, Fisheries Research Institute, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, 230001, Anhui, China
| | - Yangyang Liang
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquaculture and Enhancement of Anhui Province, Fisheries Research Institute, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, 230001, Anhui, China
| | - Xiuxia Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquaculture and Enhancement of Anhui Province, Fisheries Research Institute, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, 230001, Anhui, China
| | - Na Gao
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquaculture and Enhancement of Anhui Province, Fisheries Research Institute, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, 230001, Anhui, China
| | - Hui Li
- School of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230001, Anhui, China
| | - Wenxuan Lu
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquaculture and Enhancement of Anhui Province, Fisheries Research Institute, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, 230001, Anhui, China
| | - Kai Cui
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquaculture and Enhancement of Anhui Province, Fisheries Research Institute, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, 230001, Anhui, China.
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Wilkaniec A, Borowiak-Sobkowiak B, Irzykowska L, Breś W, Świerk D, Pardela Ł, Durak R, Środulska-Wielgus J, Wielgus K. Biotic and abiotic factors causing the collapse of Robinia pseudoacacia L. veteran trees in urban environments. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0245398. [PMID: 33471798 PMCID: PMC7816994 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0245398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Robinia pseudoacacia L. is an interesting example of how one plant species can be considered invasive or useful depending on its environment. In the past this tree species was planted for decorative purposes and for wood in Poland. For many years it was recommended in poor and degraded habitats because it facilitated late-successional plant species. The aim of this study was to verify if black locust can still be regarded as a resistant tree species in urban greenery. The health condition of old tree specimens growing along streets and in parks was compared. The occurrence of pests and pathogens on R. pseudoacacia trees was assessed and the content of mineral elements in leaves was examined. The research results showed that the health of black locust trees growing in the urban environment in Polish cities, especially along streets (in comparison to park sites), deteriorated significantly due to the interaction of harmful biotic and abiotic factors. Increased level of toxic metals (Fe, Zn, Pb, Mn and Cd) in plant tissues and the accumulation of pests and pathogens negatively influenced the health of R. pseudoacacia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Wilkaniec
- Department of Landscape Architecture, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Beata Borowiak-Sobkowiak
- Department of Entomology and Environmental Protection, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Lidia Irzykowska
- Department of Phytopathology, Seed Science and Technology, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Włodzimierz Breś
- Department of Plant Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Dariusz Świerk
- Department of Landscape Architecture, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Łukasz Pardela
- Institute of Landscape Architecture, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Roma Durak
- Department of Experimental Biology and Chemistry, University of Rzeszow, Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Jadwiga Środulska-Wielgus
- Faculty of Architecture, Institute of Landscape Architecture, Cracow University of Technology, Kraków, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Wielgus
- Faculty of Architecture, Institute of Landscape Architecture, Cracow University of Technology, Kraków, Poland
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45
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Effects of road traffic on photosynthetic pigments and heavy metal accumulation in tree species of Kumasi Metropolis, Ghana. SN APPLIED SCIENCES 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s42452-020-04027-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractThis study was undertaken to examine changes in the content of pigments and accumulation of metals from vehicular pollution in selected species of roadside trees under vehicular pollution. A major arterial road with heavy vehicle emissions in the Kumasi Metropolis was designated as the polluted site, while Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Campus was designated as the control site. Four tree species (Terminalia catappa, Mangifera indica, Ficus platyphylla and Polyalthia longifolia) selected for the study were well distributed and abundant in the polluted and control sites. Photosynthetic pigments and levels of heavy metals (Pb, Cu, Cd and zinc) were assessed in their leaves. Chlorophyll and carotenoid contents were determined by absorption spectrometry, while the metal accumulation index (MAI) was used to determine the total metal accumulation capacity of the tree species. We observed a reduction in photosynthetic pigments in the leaf samples from the polluted site. Ficus platyphylla had the maximum reduction in total chlorophyll (49.34%), whereas Terminalia catappa recorded the lowest reduction (33.88%). Similarly, the largest decrease (31.58%) of carotenoid content was found in Terminalia catappa trees and the lowest in Polyalthia longifolia (16.67%). The Polyalthia longifolia, Ficus platyphylla and Terminalia catappa leaf samples collected at the polluted site recorded a higher ratio of chlorophyll a/b. Heavy metal (Cu, Pb, Zn and Cd) accumulation in leaf samples was higher in the polluted site than in the control, as expected. The highest metal MAI value was recorded in Mangifera indica (5.35) followed by Polyalthia longifolia with 4.30. The findings from this study specifically demonstrate that air contamination induced by vehicles decreases the level of photosynthetic pigments in trees subjected to roadside emissions. It is clear that both chlorophyll a/b and chlorophyll/carotenoid ratios will act as very useful stress-level markers. Elevated heavy metal levels in the tree species along arterial roadsides indicate that they serve as heavy metals sink. The change in MAI resulting from different pollution burden is an indication that the removal capabilities of the tree species differ from each other. We therefore suggest M. indica and P. longifolia as potential species to be used in air pollution reduction plans in the city.
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Molnár VÉ, Tőzsér D, Szabó S, Tóthmérész B, Simon E. Use of Leaves as Bioindicator to Assess Air Pollution Based on Composite Proxy Measure (APTI), Dust Amount and Elemental Concentration of Metals. PLANTS 2020; 9:plants9121743. [PMID: 33317194 PMCID: PMC7764743 DOI: 10.3390/plants9121743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Revised: 12/05/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Monitoring air pollution and environmental health are crucial to ensure viable cities. We assessed the usefulness of the Air Pollution Tolerance Index (APTI) as a composite index of environmental health. Fine and coarse dust amount and elemental concentrations of Celtis occidentalis and Tilia × europaea leaves were measured in June and September at three sampling sites (urban, industrial, and rural) in Debrecen city (Hungary) to assess the usefulness of APTI. The correlation between APTI values and dust amount and elemental concentrations was also studied. Fine dust, total chlorophyll, and elemental concentrations were the most sensitive indicators of pollution. Based on the high chlorophyll and low elemental concentration of tree leaves, the rural site was the least disturbed by anthropogenic activities, as expected. We demonstrated that fine and coarse dust amount and elemental concentrations of urban tree leaves are especially useful for urban air quality monitoring. Correlations between APTI and other measured parameters were also found. Both C. occidentalis and T. europaea were sensitive to air pollution based on their APTI values. Thus, the APTI of tree leaves is an especially useful proxy measure of air pollution, as well as environmental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanda Éva Molnár
- Department of Physical Geography and Geoinformatics, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (V.É.M.); (S.S.)
| | - Dávid Tőzsér
- Department of Ecology, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary;
| | - Szilárd Szabó
- Department of Physical Geography and Geoinformatics, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (V.É.M.); (S.S.)
| | - Béla Tóthmérész
- MTA-DE Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services Research Group, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary;
| | - Edina Simon
- Department of Ecology, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary;
- Correspondence:
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Yadav R, Pandey P. Assessment of Air Pollution Tolerance Index (APTI) and Anticipated Performance Index (API) of Roadside Plants for the Development of Greenbelt in Urban Area of Bathinda City, Punjab, India. BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2020; 105:906-914. [PMID: 33070250 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-020-03027-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the present study is to biomonitor the tolerance level of roadside plant species towards mitigation of air pollution for the development of greenbelt. The leaves of four plant species (Azadirachta indica, Ficus benghalensis, Melia azedarach and Polyalthia longifolia) were collected from 41 sampling sites of Bathinda city during summer and winter seasons. Seasonal variation in APTI and API was determined in selected plants. Highest APTI (13.54) was reported in F. benghalensis during summer and lowest APTI (11.69) in A. indica during winter season. The APTI and API value revealed that F. benghalensis was the best performer, A. indica and M. azedarach were excellent performers and P. longifolia a good performer in greenbelt development to mitigate the air pollution. Pearson's correlation analysis illustrated significant correlation between APTI, ascorbic acid, total chlorophyll, relative water and pH, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radheshyam Yadav
- Department of Environmental Science and Technology, School of Environment and Earth Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, 151001, Punjab, India
| | - Puneeta Pandey
- Department of Environmental Science and Technology, School of Environment and Earth Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, 151001, Punjab, India.
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Assessment of selected heavy metals and enzyme activity in soils within the zone of influence of various tree species. Sci Rep 2020; 10:14077. [PMID: 32826939 PMCID: PMC7442633 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-69545-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The study aimed to evaluate the total content and bioavailable forms of Zn, Cu, Pb and Ni and enzymatic activity (nitro reductase and peroxidases) in the mineral levels of surface soils within the zone of influence of various tree species. The conducted variance analysis confirmed the significant impact of the studied tree habitats on the total content and bioavailable forms of metals and on enzymatic activity. The total content of analysed metals were low and in no case exceeded the possible concentrations. The high bioavailability (AF %) values calculated for habitats of different species compositions (of 53.78% for Zn, 76.82% for Cu, 60.81% for Pb and 44.72% for Ni) may pose a risk of accumulation of these metals in plants. A significant correlation was found between nitrate reduction activity and Pb content (r = 0.510) and Cu (r = 0.678). Principal component analysis allowed two principal components to be distinguished (PC1 and PC2) that accounted for 60.95% of the total change in variance.
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49
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Roy A, Bhattacharya T, Kumari M. Air pollution tolerance, metal accumulation and dust capturing capacity of common tropical trees in commercial and industrial sites. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 722:137622. [PMID: 32199354 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Revised: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Total nine tree species of common tropical trees were assessed for their air pollution tolerance, dust capturing capacity and possibility to act as metal bio-monitors in commercial, industrial and control sites. Two seasons sampling was done respectively in monsoon and post-monsoon, to study their seasonal variations. According to Air Pollution Tolerance Index (APTI) values Mangifera indica, Azadirachta indica and Ficus religiosa were the most tolerant species while Ficus bengalensis and Alstonia scholaris were intermediately tolerant towards air pollution. Single factor ANOVA of biochemical parameters between the sampling sites, revealed that APTI of plants did not vary significantly in both the seasons. Site-wise variation was significant both at commercial and industrial sites. The same trend of result was also found in Anticipated Performance Index (API) which also includes other social benefits. So, these species can be recommended for the green belt development in urban commercial and industrial areas. Ficus bengalensis, Ficus religiosa and Mangifera indica were also having the best dust capturing capacity as Scanning Electron Microscope image revealed that they have rough and large surface area of leaf with short petiole and large canopy structure. According to the Geoaccumulation index (Igeo) and Enrichment Factor (EF) of soil in the sampling sites were found to be contaminated with copper and cadmium. Psidium guajava, Mangifera indica, Alstonia scholaris and Ficus religiosa were found to be good phytoextractors of copper. They did not accumulate cadmium. So, these plants can be recommended as copper bioindicators. However, the metals accumulation efficiencies were high for Mangifera indica and Ficus religiosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arpita Roy
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi, Jharkhand 835215, India.
| | - Tanushree Bhattacharya
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi, Jharkhand 835215, India.
| | - Mala Kumari
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi, Jharkhand 835215, India
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50
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Hołtra A, Zamorska-Wojdyła D. The pollution indices of trace elements in soils and plants close to the copper and zinc smelting works in Poland's Lower Silesia. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:16086-16099. [PMID: 32100216 PMCID: PMC7192869 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-08072-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The quality of soils polluted by trace elements around the facilities with the Cu and Zn smelting activities and the post-flotation tailings pond from copper industry were assessed. The level of the contamination of soils was determined on the basis of the contamination factor and the geoaccumulation index. The geoaccumulation index allows to distinguish more degrees of soil contamination and simplifies the assessment of the useable value of soil. The degrees of soil contamination and the pollution load index were shown. It has been shown that the pollution indices are a useful tool in describing the soil quality and planning corrective actions in the areas contaminated as a result of industrial activity. Histograms of pollution indices were used in order to detect the distribution of trace elements in soils. The content of metals in biomass was assessed using bioaccumulation indices. Triticum L. and Brassica napus L. show low bioaccumulation of studied metals in cereal plants. The correlations were used in order to detect the relationship among trace elements in soil as well as the relationship of metal (soil)-metal (plant) and metal bioaccumulation (plant)-metal (soil). The highest values of indices were recorded for the Oława smelter, presumably due to the long operation period before technological changes limiting the emission of pollutants were introduced. This research area was classified as very highly contaminated with all trace elements. Soils around other facilities are at least moderately contaminated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Hołtra
- Faculty of Environmental Engineering, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27, 50-370, Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Dorota Zamorska-Wojdyła
- Faculty of Environmental Engineering, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27, 50-370, Wrocław, Poland
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