1
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Shibata R, Itoh N, Nakanishi Y, Kato T, Suda W, Nagao M, Iwata T, Yoshida H, Hattori M, Fujisawa T, Shimojo N, Ohno H. Gut microbiota and fecal metabolites in sustained unresponsiveness by oral immunotherapy in school-age children with cow's milk allergy. Allergol Int 2024; 73:126-136. [PMID: 38182280 DOI: 10.1016/j.alit.2023.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral immunotherapy (OIT) can ameliorate cow's milk allergy (CMA); however, the achievement of sustained unresponsiveness (SU) is challenging. Regarding the pathogenesis of CMA, recent studies have shown the importance of gut microbiota (Mb) and fecal water-soluble metabolites (WSMs), which prompted us to determine the change in clinical and gut environmental factors important for acquiring SU after OIT for CMA. METHODS We conducted an ancillary cohort study of a multicenter randomized, parallel-group, delayed-start design study on 32 school-age children with IgE-mediated CMA who underwent OIT for 13 months. We defined SU as the ability to consume cow's milk exceeding the target dose in a double-blind placebo-controlled food challenge after OIT followed by a 2-week-avoidance. We longitudinally collected 175 fecal specimens and clustered the microbiome and metabolome data into 29 Mb- and 12 WSM-modules. RESULTS During OIT, immunological factors improved in all participants. However, of the 32 participants, 4 withdrew because of adverse events, and only 7 were judged SU. Gut environmental factors shifted during OIT, but only in the beginning, and returned to the baseline at the end. Of these factors, milk- and casein-specific IgE and the Bifidobacterium-dominant module were associated with SU (milk- and casein-specific IgE; OR for 10 kUA/L increments, 0.67 and 0.66; 95%CI, 0.41-0.93 and 0.42-0.90; Bifidobacterium-dominant module; OR for 0.01 increments, 1.40; 95%CI, 1.10-2.03), and these associations were observed until the end of OIT. CONCLUSIONS In this study, we identified the clinical and gut environmental factors associated with SU acquisition in CM-OIT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryohei Shibata
- Laboratory for Intestinal Ecosystem, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Kanagawa, Japan; Immunobiology Laboratory, Graduate School of Medical Life Science, Yokohama City University, Kanagawa, Japan; Department of Pediatric Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Naoka Itoh
- Department of Pediatrics, National Hospital Organization Kanagawa National Hospital, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yumiko Nakanishi
- Laboratory for Intestinal Ecosystem, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Kanagawa, Japan; Immunobiology Laboratory, Graduate School of Medical Life Science, Yokohama City University, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Tamotsu Kato
- Laboratory for Intestinal Ecosystem, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Kanagawa, Japan; Immunobiology Laboratory, Graduate School of Medical Life Science, Yokohama City University, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Wataru Suda
- Laboratory for Microbiome Sciences, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Mizuho Nagao
- Allergy Center, National Hospital Organization Mie National Hospital, Mie, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Iwata
- The Graduate School of Tokyo Kasei University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Hideo Yoshida
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Masahira Hattori
- Laboratory for Microbiome Sciences, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Kanagawa, Japan; Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takao Fujisawa
- Allergy Center, National Hospital Organization Mie National Hospital, Mie, Japan
| | - Naoki Shimojo
- Center for Preventive Medical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Ohno
- Laboratory for Intestinal Ecosystem, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Kanagawa, Japan; Immunobiology Laboratory, Graduate School of Medical Life Science, Yokohama City University, Kanagawa, Japan; Laboratory for Microbiome Sciences, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Kanagawa, Japan.
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2
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Chen C, Liu C, Zhang K, Xue W. The role of gut microbiota and its metabolites short-chain fatty acids in food allergy. FOOD SCIENCE AND HUMAN WELLNESS 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fshw.2022.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
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3
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Yang M, Lee U, Cho HR, Lee KB, Shin YJ, Bae MJ, Park KY. Effects of Pear Extracts on Microbiome and Immunocytokines to Alleviate Air Pollution-Related Respiratory Hypersensitivity. J Med Food 2023; 26:211-214. [PMID: 36856473 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2022.k.0117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Pears are ancient functional foods for modern times. Particularly, Korean pears (Pyrus pyrifolia cv.) have been used as folk medicine for respiratory diseases and have strong potential for the treatment of hazardous aerosol-related diseases. Thus, the effects of pear ethanol extracts on air pollution-related respiratory hypersensitivity were studied by toxicokinetics, pro-inflammatory cytokines, and microbiomics in preclinical and randomized double-blind clinical studies. The mild-asthma subjects, who lived in the same city, Seoul, Korea, were separated into the placebo and the treatment (pear extracts, as brix 55; arbutin 5.01 mg and chlorogenic acid 0.18 mg/3 mL per day) groups for 4 weeks (n = 20). As results, there were positive associations between urinary 2-naphthol (NT) or 1-hydroxypyrene (OHP), exposure biomarkers for polyaromatic hydrocarbons in PM2.5, and pro-inflammatory cytokines, interleukin (IL)-4 or IgE, respectively, in the human subjects. The pear extracts somewhat reduced 2-NT and 1-OHP levels. The proportions of fiber-degrading bacteria that stimulate growth of beneficial microflora for immune defense, that is, Bifidobacterium and Eubacterium, were significantly higher in the pear consuming group than in the placebo group. Moreover, pro-inflammatory cytokines, including IgE, IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13, were significantly suppressed by the pear extracts in the preclinical tests of the ovalbumin-induced asthma mice. Thus, we suggest that air pollution-related respiratory hypersensitivity can be alleviated by Korean pear extracts by modulation of microbiome and immunocytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihi Yang
- Department of Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Unjae Lee
- Department of R & D, Goodbeing Co. Ltd., Seoul, Korea
| | - Hye-Rin Cho
- Technical Assistance Department Functional Food Evaluation Team, the Food Industry Promotional Agency of Korea, Iksan, Korea
| | - Kyung Bae Lee
- Technical Assistance Department Functional Food Evaluation Team, the Food Industry Promotional Agency of Korea, Iksan, Korea
| | - Yun Jeoung Shin
- Technical Assistance Department Functional Food Evaluation Team, the Food Industry Promotional Agency of Korea, Iksan, Korea
| | - Min-Jung Bae
- Technical Assistance Department Functional Food Evaluation Team, the Food Industry Promotional Agency of Korea, Iksan, Korea
| | - Kun-Young Park
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Cha University, Seongnam, South Korea
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4
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Drønen EK, Namork E, Dirven H, Nygaard UC. Suspected gut barrier disruptors and development of food allergy: Adjuvant effects and early immune responses. FRONTIERS IN ALLERGY 2022; 3:1029125. [PMID: 36483186 PMCID: PMC9723362 DOI: 10.3389/falgy.2022.1029125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Food allergy is an increasing public health challenge worldwide. It has recently been hypothesized that the increase in exposure to intestinal epithelial barrier-damaging biological and chemical agents contribute to this development. In animal models, exposure to adjuvants with a food allergen has been shown to promote sensitization and development of food allergy, and barrier disrupting capacities have been suggested to be one mechanism of adjuvant action. Here, we investigated how gut barrier disrupting compounds affected food allergy development in a mouse model of peanut allergy. Sensitization and clinical peanut allergy in C3H/HEOuJ mice were assessed after repeated oral exposure to peanut extract together with cholera toxin (CT; positive control), the mycotoxin deoxynivalenol (DON), house dust mite (HDM) or the pesticide glyphosate (GLY). In addition, we investigated early effects 4 to 48 h after a single exposure to the compounds by assessing markers of intestinal barrier permeability, alarmin production, intestinal epithelial responses, and local immune responses. CT and DON exerted adjuvant effects on peanut allergy development assessed as clinical anaphylaxis in mice. Early markers were affected only by DON, observed as increased IL-33 (interleukin 33) and thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) alarmin production in intestines and IL-33 receptor ST2 in serum. DON also induced an inflammatory immune response in lymph node cells stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). HDM and GLY did not clearly promote clinical food allergy and affected few of the early markers at the doses tested. In conclusion, oral exposure to CT and DON promoted development of clinical anaphylaxis in the peanut allergy mouse model. DON, but not CT, affected the early markers measured in this study, indicating that DON and CT have different modes of action at the early stages of peanut sensitization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Klåpbakken Drønen
- Department for Chemical Toxicology, Division for Climate and Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ellen Namork
- Department for Chemical Toxicology, Division for Climate and Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Hubert Dirven
- Department for Chemical Toxicology, Division for Climate and Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Unni Cecilie Nygaard
- Department for Chemical Toxicology, Division for Climate and Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
- Section for Immunology, Division for Infection Control, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
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5
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Jensen C, Antonsen MF, Lied GA. Gut Microbiota and Fecal Microbiota Transplantation in Patients with Food Allergies: A Systematic Review. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10101904. [PMID: 36296181 PMCID: PMC9609703 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10101904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of food allergies (FAs) has increased considerably in recent decades, with the only available treatment being the avoidance of the specific food items causing the allergy. FAs may have a major impact on quality of life, and it is of great interest to explore new strategies to prevent and treat FAs. Some studies show an altered gut microbiota profile in individuals with FAs, and the modulation of gut microbiota is therefore proposed as a potential strategy for prevention and treatment. This systematic review aimed to investigate: (1) the gut microbiota profile in individuals with FAs compared to healthy individuals and (2) the effect of fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) on gut microbiota profiles and/or allergy symptoms. A literature search was conducted in PubMed (Medline) on 5 April 2022. Of the 236 publications identified, 12 studies were included based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Eleven of these studies reported results on the gut microbiota in children with FAs compared to healthy controls (HCs). The majority of studies (six studies) observed no difference in alpha diversity when comparing children with FAs to HCs; however, a difference in beta diversity was observed in five studies. At the phylum level, we observed a high abundance of Firmicutes (six studies) and Proteobacteria (five studies), whereas a low abundance of Bacteroidetes (5 studies) was observed in children with FAs compared to HCs. Of the 12 included studies, four explored the effect of FMT on gut microbiota and/or allergy symptoms. Three studies reported that transferring gut microbiota from children without FAs to germ-free mice, protected the mice against allergic reactions, whereas one study did not report findings on the allergic symptoms. The results on gut microbiota after FMT varied and were too divergent to draw any conclusions. Overall, our results suggest that there are differences in the gut microbiota profile in individuals with FAs compared to individuals without FAs. FMT seems to be a promising strategy to prevent allergic symptoms but needs to be further explored in animal and human models. As the findings in this review are based on a small number of studies (12 studies), further studies are warranted before any clear conclusions can be drawn regarding gut microbiota profiles and the effect of FMT on individuals with FAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Jensen
- Centre for Nutrition, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, 5021 Bergen, Norway
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, 5020 Bergen, Norway
- Correspondence:
| | - Marie Fagervik Antonsen
- Centre for Nutrition, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, 5021 Bergen, Norway
| | - Gülen Arslan Lied
- Centre for Nutrition, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, 5021 Bergen, Norway
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, 5020 Bergen, Norway
- Section of Clinical Allergy, Department of Occupational Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, 5020 Bergen, Norway
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6
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Li N, Wang J, Liu P, Li J, Xu C. Multi-omics reveals that Bifidobacterium breve M-16V may alleviate the immune dysregulation caused by nanopolystyrene. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2022; 163:107191. [PMID: 35325770 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2022.107191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
There is a growing attention regarding the toxic effect of microplastics pollutants. However, comprehensive phenotyping- and omics-based strategies for the toxicity evaluation of microplastics on the host remain to be established. To this end, we designed an encompassing phenotyping and multi-omics analysis method to detect the molecular interference of nanopolystyrene (PS)-exposed mice. The exposure time was 28 days with 1000 μg/L PS. We found that PS induced microbial alteration and metabolic disorders, which was closely related to immune disturbances. In addition, the altered expression of some genes related to immune dysregulation was observed. Interestingly, Bifidobacterium breve M-16V (B. breve M-16V) significantly inhibited Th2 and Th17 lymphocyte subset. Simultaneously, B.breve M-16V may activate MyD88 expression and promote Th1-related cytokine IL-12 production. In addition, B. breve M-16V may partially restore the gut microbiota dysbiosis. In summary, we demonstrated that the combined phenotyping and omics-based profiling established a practical framework that allowed us to gain a deeper understanding of the maladaptive consequences of PS exposure. It can be utilized to evaluate the toxicity of other environmental microplastics pollutants. Meanwhile, we found that B. breve M-16V has certain anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory functions through host-microbiome interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Li
- Department of Pediatric, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, NHC Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control, School of Tropical Medicine and The Second Affiliated Hospital, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Health Toxicology, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Ping Liu
- Department of Pediatric, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinhua Li
- Department of Health Toxicology, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China.
| | - Chundi Xu
- Department of Pediatric, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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7
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Assessment of the Route of Exposure to Ovalbumin and Cow's Milk Proteins on the Induction of IgE Responses in BALB/c Mice. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11040542. [PMID: 35453740 PMCID: PMC9031655 DOI: 10.3390/biology11040542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 03/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BALB/c mice can be orally sensitized to food proteins under acid suppressive medication, mimicking human exposure and triggering a human-like allergic immune response. However, the reproducibility of such an oral food allergy model remains questionable. Our aim was to evaluate the IgE responses triggered against ovalbumin (OVA) and cow’s milk proteins (CMP) after intragastric (IG), either under gastric-acid suppression or not, or intraperitoneal (IP) sensitization in BALB/c mice. OVA (0.2 mg) and different concentrations of CMP were administered with/without the antacid sucralfate by the IG route. For IP sensitization, OVA or CMP (0.5 mg) were administered. ELISA was used to evaluate IgE responses. The IP sensitization protocols triggered more robust and consistent anti-OVA or anti-CMP IgE responses than the intragastric ones (with/without sucralfate) (p < 0.05). 2.7% (1/36), and 5.5% (3/54) of the mice that underwent the sucralfate-assisted IG protocol triggered IgE responses against OVA or CMP, respectively. All the mice were administered OVA or CMP via IP triggered detectable IgE responses. The IP sensitization model is more reliable than the IG one for evaluating the intrinsic sensitizing and/or allergenic potential of food proteins, even if IG immunizations are carried out under gastric-acid suppression.
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8
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Koidl L, Rohrhofer J, Untersmayr E. Time matters: The circadian rhythm in intestinal homeostasis and food allergy. Allergy 2021; 76:2931-2933. [PMID: 33914931 DOI: 10.1111/all.14887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Larissa Koidl
- Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research Center of Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria
| | - Johanna Rohrhofer
- Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research Center of Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria
| | - Eva Untersmayr
- Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research Center of Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria
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9
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Zhou C, Chen LL, Lu RQ, Ma WW, Xiao R. Alteration of Intestinal Microbiota Composition in Oral Sensitized C3H/HeJ Mice Is Associated With Changes in Dendritic Cells and T Cells in Mesenteric Lymph Nodes. Front Immunol 2021; 12:631494. [PMID: 34177885 PMCID: PMC8222730 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.631494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
This research aimed to investigate the allergic reaction of C3H/HeJ mice after sensitization with ovalbumin (OVA) without any adjuvant and to analyze the association between intestinal microbiota and allergy-related immune cells in mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN). The allergic responses of C3H/HeJ mice orally sensitized with OVA were evaluated, and immune cell subsets in spleen and MLN and cytokines were also detected. The intestinal bacterial community structure was analyzed, followed by Spearman correlation analysis between changed gut microbiota species and allergic parameters. Sensitization induced a noticeable allergic response to the gavage of OVA without adjuvant. Increased levels of Th2, IL-4, CD103+CD86+ DC, and MHCII+CD86+ DC and decreased levels of Th1, Treg, IFN-γ, TGF-β1, and CD11C+CD103+ DC were observed in allergic mice. Furthermore, families of Lachnospiraceae, Clostridiaceae_1, Ruminococcaceae, and peprostreptococcaceae, all of which belonging to the order Clostridiales, were positively related to Treg and CD11C+CD103+ DC, while they were negatively related to an allergic reaction, levels of Th2, CD103+CD86+ DC, and MHCII+CD86+ DC in MLN. The family of norank_o_Mollicutes_RF39 belonging to the order Mollicutes_RF39 was similarly correlated with allergic reaction and immune cells in MLN of mice. To sum up, allergic reactions and intestinal flora disturbances could be induced by OVA oral administration alone. The orders of Clostridiales and Mollicutes_RF39 in intestinal flora are positively correlated with levels of Treg and CD11C+CD103+ DC in MLN of mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cui Zhou
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ling-Ling Chen
- Nutritional Department, Handan First Hospital, Handan, China
| | - Rui-Qi Lu
- School of Basic Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wei-Wei Ma
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Rong Xiao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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10
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Noah TK, Lee JB, Brown CA, Yamani A, Tomar S, Ganesan V, Newberry RD, Huffnagle GB, Divanovic S, Hogan SP. Thermoneutrality Alters Gastrointestinal Antigen Passage Patterning and Predisposes to Oral Antigen Sensitization in Mice. Front Immunol 2021; 12:636198. [PMID: 33841417 PMCID: PMC8034294 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.636198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Food allergy is an emerging epidemic, and the underlying mechanisms are not well defined partly due to the lack of robust adjuvant free experimental models of dietary antigen sensitization. As housing mice at thermoneutrality (Tn) - the temperature of metabolic homeostasis (26-30°C) - has been shown to improve modeling various human diseases involved in inflammation, we tested the impact of Tn housing on an experimental model of food sensitization. Here we demonstrate that WT BALB/c mice housed under standard temperature (18-20°C, Ts) conditions translocated the luminal antigens in the small intestine (SI) across the epithelium via goblet cell antigen passages (GAPs). In contrast, food allergy sensitive Il4raF709 mice housed under standard temperature conditions translocated the luminal antigens in the SI across the epithelium via secretory antigen passages (SAPs). Activation of SI antigen passages and oral challenge of Il4raF709 mice with egg allergens at standard temperature predisposed Il4raF709 mice to develop an anaphylactic reaction. Housing Il4raF709 mice at Tn altered systemic type 2 cytokine, IL-4, and the landscape of SI antigen passage patterning (villus and crypt involvement). Activation of SI antigen passages and oral challenge of Il4raF709 mice with egg antigen under Tn conditions led to the robust induction of egg-specific IgE and development of food-induced mast cell activation and hypovolemic shock. Similarly, Tn housing of WT BALB/c mice altered the cellular patterning of SI antigen passage (GAPs to SAPs). Activation of SI antigen passages and the oral challenge of WT BALB/c mice with egg antigen led to systemic reactivity to egg and mast cell activation. Together these data demonstrate that Tn housing alters antigen passage cellular patterning and landscape, and concurrent oral exposure of egg antigens and SAP activation is sufficient to induce oral antigen sensitization.
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MESH Headings
- Administration, Oral
- Allergens/administration & dosage
- Allergens/immunology
- Allergens/metabolism
- Anaphylaxis/immunology
- Anaphylaxis/metabolism
- Anaphylaxis/microbiology
- Animals
- Disease Models, Animal
- Egg Hypersensitivity/immunology
- Egg Hypersensitivity/metabolism
- Egg Hypersensitivity/microbiology
- Egg Proteins/administration & dosage
- Egg Proteins/immunology
- Egg Proteins/metabolism
- Gastrointestinal Microbiome
- Goblet Cells/immunology
- Goblet Cells/metabolism
- Goblet Cells/microbiology
- Housing, Animal
- Intestine, Small/immunology
- Intestine, Small/metabolism
- Intestine, Small/microbiology
- Mast Cells/immunology
- Mast Cells/metabolism
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Knockout
- Permeability
- Receptors, Cell Surface/genetics
- Receptors, Cell Surface/metabolism
- Temperature
- Mice
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Affiliation(s)
- Taeko K. Noah
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Mary H Weiser Food Allergy Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Jee-Boong Lee
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Cincinnati Children’s Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Christopher A. Brown
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Amnah Yamani
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Mary H Weiser Food Allergy Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Sunil Tomar
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Mary H Weiser Food Allergy Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Varsha Ganesan
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Mary H Weiser Food Allergy Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Rodney D. Newberry
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Gary B. Huffnagle
- Mary H Weiser Food Allergy Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Senad Divanovic
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States
- Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children’s Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States
- Center for Inflammation and Tolerance, Cincinnati Children’s Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Simon P. Hogan
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Mary H Weiser Food Allergy Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
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11
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Gastric Enzyme Supplementation Inhibits Food Allergy in a BALB/c Mouse Model. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13030738. [PMID: 33652629 PMCID: PMC7996948 DOI: 10.3390/nu13030738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Impaired gastric digestion due to suppressed gastric acidity enhances the risk for food allergy development. In the current study, we aimed to evaluate the impact of a supported gastric digestion via application of a pharmaceutical gastric enzyme solution (GES) on food allergy development and allergic reactions in a BALB/c mouse model. The ability of the GES to restore hypoacidic conditions was tested in mice treated with gastric acid suppression medication. To evaluate the impact on allergic symptoms, mice were orally sensitized with ovalbumin (OVA) under gastric acid suppression and subjected to oral challenges with or without GES. The immune response was evaluated by measurement of antibody titers, cytokine levels, mucosal allergy effector cell influx and regulatory T-cell counts. Clinical response was objectified by core body temperature measurements after oral OVA challenge. Supplementation of GES transiently restored physiological pH levels in the stomach after pharmaceutical gastric acid suppression. During oral sensitization, supplementation of gastric enzymes significantly reduced systemic IgE, IgG1 and IgG2a levels and allergic symptoms. In food allergic mice, clinical symptoms were reduced by co-administration of the gastric enzyme solution. Support of gastric digestion efficiently prevents food allergy induction and alleviates clinical symptoms in our food allergy model.
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12
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Yan X, Yan J, Xiang Q, Wang F, Dai H, Huang K, Fang L, Yao H, Wang L, Zhang W. Fructooligosaccharides protect against OVA-induced food allergy in mice by regulating the Th17/Treg cell balance using tryptophan metabolites. Food Funct 2021; 12:3191-3205. [PMID: 33735338 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo03371e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Fructooligosaccharides (FOS) can change gut microbiota composition and play a protective role in food allergy (FA).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiumei Yan
- Department of Pediatrics
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University
- Wenzhou 325000
- China
| | - Jingbin Yan
- Department of Ultrasonography
- Wenzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine
- Wenzhou 325000
- China
| | - Qiangwei Xiang
- Department of Pediatrics
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University
- Wenzhou 325000
- China
| | - Fanyan Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology
- School of Basic Medical Sciences
- Wenzhou Medical University
- Wenzhou 325000
- China
| | - Huan Dai
- Department of Pediatrics
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University
- Wenzhou 325000
- China
| | - Kaiyu Huang
- Department of Pediatrics
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University
- Wenzhou 325000
- China
| | - Lingjuan Fang
- Department of Pediatrics
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University
- Wenzhou 325000
- China
| | - Hao Yao
- Department of Pediatrics
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University
- Wenzhou 325000
- China
| | - Lingya Wang
- Department of Pediatrics
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University
- Wenzhou 325000
- China
| | - Weixi Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University
- Wenzhou 325000
- China
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13
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Wang Y, Li X, Wu S, Dong L, Hu Y, Wang J, Zhang Y, Wang S. Methylglyoxal Decoration of Glutenin during Heat Processing Could Alleviate the Resulting Allergic Reaction in Mice. Nutrients 2020; 12:E2844. [PMID: 32957487 PMCID: PMC7551842 DOI: 10.3390/nu12092844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2020] [Revised: 09/12/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is widely believed that Maillard reactions could affect the sensitization of allergens. However, the mechanism of action of methylglyoxal (MGO) production in Maillard reactions in the sensitization variation of glutenin (a predominant allergen in wheat) during heat processing is still unclear. METHODS This research evaluated the effect of MGO on the immune response against glutenin in a mouse model. The resulting variations in conformation and corresponding digestibility of glutenin were determined. The immune response and gut microflora variation in mice were analyzed following administering of glutenin and MGO-glutenin. RESULTS The results of the study showed that MGO-glutenin induced a lower immune response than native glutenin. Cytokine analysis showed that MGO-glutenin regulated mouse immune response by inducing Treg differentiation. MGO decoration changed the structure and digestibility of glutenin. In addition, MGO-glutenin contributes to the maintenance of the beneficial gut microflora. CONCLUSION MGO decoration of glutenin during heat processing could alleviate the resulting allergic reaction in mice. Decoration with MGO appears to contribute to the aggregation of glutenin, potentially masking surface epitopes and abating sensitization. Furthermore, Bacteroides induced regulatory T-cell (Treg) differentiation, which may contribute to inhibition of the Th2 immune response and stimulation of immune tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaya Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Science and Health, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China; (Y.W.); (X.L.); (S.W.); (L.D.); (Y.H.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Xiang Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Science and Health, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China; (Y.W.); (X.L.); (S.W.); (L.D.); (Y.H.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Sihao Wu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Science and Health, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China; (Y.W.); (X.L.); (S.W.); (L.D.); (Y.H.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Lu Dong
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Science and Health, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China; (Y.W.); (X.L.); (S.W.); (L.D.); (Y.H.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Yaozhong Hu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Science and Health, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China; (Y.W.); (X.L.); (S.W.); (L.D.); (Y.H.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Junping Wang
- College of Food Engineering and Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China;
| | - Yan Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Science and Health, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China; (Y.W.); (X.L.); (S.W.); (L.D.); (Y.H.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Shuo Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Science and Health, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China; (Y.W.); (X.L.); (S.W.); (L.D.); (Y.H.); (Y.Z.)
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14
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De Palma G, Caminero A, Jiménez‐Saiz R. The neuroimmunological toll of nutrient absorption. Allergy 2020; 75:2415-2417. [PMID: 32544256 DOI: 10.1111/all.14458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 05/31/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Giada De Palma
- Department of Medicine Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute McMaster University Hamilton ON Canada
| | - Alberto Caminero
- Department of Medicine Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute McMaster University Hamilton ON Canada
| | - Rodrigo Jiménez‐Saiz
- Department of Immunology & Oncology Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB)‐CSIC Madrid Spain
- Department of Pathology & Molecular Medicine McMaster Immunology Research Centre (MIRC) McMaster University Hamilton ON Canada
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15
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Huang CH, Lu SY, Tsai WC. Relevant fecal microbes isolated from mice with food allergy elicited intestinal cytokine/chemokine network and T-cell immune responses. BIOSCIENCE OF MICROBIOTA FOOD AND HEALTH 2020; 39:234-242. [PMID: 33117622 PMCID: PMC7573112 DOI: 10.12938/bmfh.2020-014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to identify the relevant fecal microbes from mice with
food allergy and investigate the impact of these microbes on intestinal epithelial cells
and allergen-specific T-cell responses. A murine model of ovalbumin (OVA)-induced food
allergy was employed. The profile of fecal microbiota was evaluated by the traditional
plating method and next-generation sequencing (NGS) of the 16S ribosomal RNA gene. The
density of fecal bacteria growth on RCM, TSA and LB plates was elevated in mice with food
allergy, whereas the diversity of fecal bacteria was decreased. Additionally, the relative
abundances of Prevotellaceae and Prevotella were increased. The isolated
fecal strains, mostly belonging to Enterococcus, Streptococcus and
Vagococcus, significantly reduced the viability of intestinal Caco-2
cells but increased the production of interleukin (IL)-8, C-C motif chemokine ligand
(CCL)-2, CCL-5, CCL-20 and C-X-C motif chemokine ligand (CXCL)-1. Moreover, cell expansion
and secretion of IL-2, interferon (IFN)-γ, IL-4 and IL-17 by mesenteric lymph node (MLN)
cells were augmented, whereas the production of IL-10 and transforming growth factor
(TGF)-β was diminished. Although individual fecal strains had varying degrees of impact on
Caco-2 cells and MLN cells, these results precisely indicate a different profile of fecal
microbiota between normal mice and allergic mice. Most important, the relevant fecal
microbes involved in allergen-induced dysbiosis have the potential to induce intestinal
cytokine/chemokine network and T-cell immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chung-Hsiung Huang
- Department of Food Science, National Taiwan Ocean University, 2 Pei-Ning Road, Keelung 20224, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Shueh-Yu Lu
- Department of Food Science, National Taiwan Ocean University, 2 Pei-Ning Road, Keelung 20224, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Wei-Chung Tsai
- Department of Food Science, National Taiwan Ocean University, 2 Pei-Ning Road, Keelung 20224, Taiwan, ROC
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16
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Li N, Yu Y, Chen X, Gao S, Zhang Q, Xu C. Bifidobacterium breve M-16V alters the gut microbiota to alleviate OVA-induced food allergy through IL-33/ST2 signal pathway. J Cell Physiol 2020; 235:9464-9473. [PMID: 32394447 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
There has been a marked increase in life-threatening food allergy (FA). One hypothesis is that changes in bacterial communities may be key to FA. To better understand how gut microbiota regulates FA in humans, we established a mouse model with FA induced by ovalbumin. We found that the mice with FA had abnormal bacterial composition, accompanied by increased immunoglobulin G, immunoglobulin E, and interleukin-4/interferon-γ, and there existed a certain coherence between them. Interestingly, Bifidobacterium breve M-16V may alter the gut microbiota to alleviate the allergy symptoms by IL-33/ST2 signaling. Our results indicate that gut microbiota is essential for regulating FA to dietary antigens and demonstrate that intervention in bacterial community regulation may be therapeutically related to FA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Li
- Department of Pediatric, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Institute of tropical medicine, Hainan Medical University, HaiKou, China
| | - Yi Yu
- Department of Pediatric, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuehua Chen
- Department of Pediatric, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shenshen Gao
- Department of Pediatric, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qingqing Zhang
- Department of Pediatric, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chundi Xu
- Department of Pediatric, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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17
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Lee KH, Song Y, Wu W, Yu K, Zhang G. The gut microbiota, environmental factors, and links to the development of food allergy. Clin Mol Allergy 2020; 18:5. [PMID: 32265597 PMCID: PMC7119288 DOI: 10.1186/s12948-020-00120-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Food allergy appears to have its roots in an insufficient exposure to a diverse range of environmental microbiota during early life. Microbial exposure ensures the colonization of the gastrointestinal tract with commensal microbes, which is necessary for the induction of a balanced and tolerogenic immune function. High-throughput sequencing technology has facilitated in-depth studies of the gut microbiota as well as bacterial-derived metabolites. Although the role of the microbiota in allergies is now widely studied, its importance for food allergy was only recently noted. Studies in human cohorts have shown that there is an association of dysbiosis and pathogenesis of food allergy, while studies from animal models have demonstrated the capacity of specific species in the gut microbiota to alter immune response, which may lead to the desensitization of food allergy. This article reviews the role of the gut microbiota in food allergy, and discusses the influence of environmental factors as well as prevention and management strategies relating to such regulatory mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khui Hung Lee
- 1School of Public Health, Curtin University of Technology, Bentley, WA Australia.,2Curtin Health and Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6102 Australia
| | - Yong Song
- 1School of Public Health, Curtin University of Technology, Bentley, WA Australia
| | - Weidong Wu
- 3School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, 601 Jinsui street, Xinxiang, Henan China
| | - Kan Yu
- 4School of Science, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA Australia
| | - Guicheng Zhang
- 1School of Public Health, Curtin University of Technology, Bentley, WA Australia.,2Curtin Health and Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6102 Australia
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18
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De Martinis M, Sirufo MM, Viscido A, Ginaldi L. Food Allergy Insights: A Changing Landscape. Arch Immunol Ther Exp (Warsz) 2020; 68:8. [PMID: 32239297 DOI: 10.1007/s00005-020-00574-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The panorama of food allergies (FA) has changed profoundly in recent years. In light of recent advances in knowledge of pathogenetic mechanisms and a greater attention to the multifaceted range of possible clinical manifestations, there is a need for a critical review of past classifications. Changes in nutrition, environment and lifestyles around the world are modifying the global FA epidemiology and new FA phenotypes are also emerging. Furthermore, both biotechnological advances in this field and recent personalized therapies have improved the diagnostic and therapeutic approach to FA. Consequently, both the prevention and clinical management of FA are rapidly changing and new therapeutic strategies are emerging, even revolutionizing the current medical practice. Given the significant increase in the prevalence of FA in recent years, the objective of this review is to provide an updated and complete overview of current knowledge in its etiopathogenesis, diagnostics and therapy, useful not only for a better understanding of this frequent and complex pathology but also for practical guidance in its clinical management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimo De Martinis
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy. .,Allergy and Clinical Immunology Unit, AUSL 04, Teramo, Italy.
| | - Maria Maddalena Sirufo
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy.,Allergy and Clinical Immunology Unit, AUSL 04, Teramo, Italy
| | - Angelo Viscido
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Lia Ginaldi
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy.,Allergy and Clinical Immunology Unit, AUSL 04, Teramo, Italy
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19
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Homayouni Rad A, Aghebati Maleki L, Samadi Kafil H, Abbasi A. Postbiotics: A novel strategy in food allergy treatment. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2020; 61:492-499. [PMID: 32160762 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2020.1738333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
During the last two decades, the prevalence and severity of clinical appearances of food allergy (FA) have a significant rise. FA derives from a breakdown of immune tolerance. In recent year's clinical evidence have shown that the probiotics have significant influences on FA by improving the immune tolerance. Besides, postbiotics due to their unique characteristics (safe profile, more shelf life, resistance to mammalian enzymes and stable to digestive system conditions), may have safety superiority against their parent live cells and as a novel strategy can be applied for improvement immune tolerance and treatment of FA without any undesirable side-effects or human opportunistic infections, particularly in infants and pediatrics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aziz Homayouni Rad
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Nutrition & Food Sciences, Nutrition Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Leili Aghebati Maleki
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hossein Samadi Kafil
- Drug Applied Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Amin Abbasi
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Nutrition & Food Sciences, Nutrition Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Student's research committee, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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20
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De Martinis M, Sirufo MM, Suppa M, Ginaldi L. New Perspectives in Food Allergy. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E1474. [PMID: 32098244 PMCID: PMC7073187 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21041474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Revised: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The improvement of the knowledge of the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying the tolerance and sensitization to food antigens has recently led to a radical change in the clinical approach to food allergies. Epidemiological studies show a global increase in the prevalence of food allergy all over the world and manifestations of food allergy appear increasingly frequent also in elderly subjects. Environmental and nutritional changes have partly changed the epidemiology of allergic reactions to foods and new food allergic syndromes have emerged in recent years. The deepening of the study of the intestinal microbiota has highlighted important mechanisms of immunological adaptation of the mucosal immune system to food antigens, leading to a revolution in the concept of immunological tolerance. As a consequence, new prevention models and innovative therapeutic strategies aimed at a personalized approach to the patient affected by food allergy are emerging. This review focuses on these new perspectives and their practical implications in the management of food allergy, providing an updated view of this complex pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimo De Martinis
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (M.M.S.); (L.G.)
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Unit, Center for the diagnosis and treatment of Osteoporosis, AUSL 04 Teramo, Italy
| | - Maria Maddalena Sirufo
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (M.M.S.); (L.G.)
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Unit, Center for the diagnosis and treatment of Osteoporosis, AUSL 04 Teramo, Italy
| | - Mariano Suppa
- Department of Dermatology, Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1070 Brussels, Belgium;
| | - Lia Ginaldi
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (M.M.S.); (L.G.)
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Unit, Center for the diagnosis and treatment of Osteoporosis, AUSL 04 Teramo, Italy
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21
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Hufnagl K, Pali-Schöll I, Roth-Walter F, Jensen-Jarolim E. Dysbiosis of the gut and lung microbiome has a role in asthma. Semin Immunopathol 2020; 42:75-93. [PMID: 32072252 PMCID: PMC7066092 DOI: 10.1007/s00281-019-00775-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 187] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Worldwide 300 million children and adults are affected by asthma. The development of asthma is influenced by environmental and other exogenous factors synergizing with genetic predisposition, and shaping the lung microbiome especially during birth and in very early life. The healthy lung microbial composition is characterized by a prevalence of bacteria belonging to the phyla Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria, and Firmicutes. However, viral respiratory infections are associated with an abundance of Proteobacteria with genera Haemophilus and Moraxella in young children and adult asthmatics. This dysbiosis supports the activation of inflammatory pathways and contributes to bronchoconstriction and bronchial hyperresponsiveness. Exogenous factors can affect the natural lung microbiota composition positively (farming environment) or negatively (allergens, air pollutants). It is evident that also gut microbiota dysbiosis has a high influence on asthma pathogenesis. Antibiotics, antiulcer medications, and other drugs severely impair gut as well as lung microbiota. Resulting dysbiosis and reduced microbial diversity dysregulate the bidirectional crosstalk across the gut-lung axis, resulting in hypersensitivity and hyperreactivity to respiratory and food allergens. Efforts are undertaken to reconstitute the microbiota and immune balance by probiotics and engineered bacteria, but results from human studies do not yet support their efficacy in asthma prevention or treatment. Overall, dysbiosis of gut and lung seem to be critical causes of the increased emergence of asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin Hufnagl
- The Interuniversity Messerli Research Institute, Medical University Vienna and University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Isabella Pali-Schöll
- The Interuniversity Messerli Research Institute, Medical University Vienna and University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Franziska Roth-Walter
- The Interuniversity Messerli Research Institute, Medical University Vienna and University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Erika Jensen-Jarolim
- The Interuniversity Messerli Research Institute, Medical University Vienna and University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria. .,Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Medical University Vienna, Währinger G. 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria.
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22
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Castan L, Bøgh KL, Maryniak NZ, Epstein MM, Kazemi S, O'Mahony L, Bodinier M, Smit JJ, Bilsen JHM, Blanchard C, Głogowski R, Kozáková H, Schwarzer M, Noti M, Wit N, Bouchaud G, Bastiaan‐Net S. Overview of in vivo and ex vivo endpoints in murine food allergy models: Suitable for evaluation of the sensitizing capacity of novel proteins? Allergy 2020; 75:289-301. [PMID: 31187876 PMCID: PMC7065134 DOI: 10.1111/all.13943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Revised: 05/12/2019] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Significant efforts are necessary to introduce new dietary protein sources to feed a growing world population while maintaining food supply chain sustainability. Such a sustainable protein transition includes the use of highly modified proteins from side streams or the introduction of new protein sources that may lead to increased clinically relevant allergic sensitization. With food allergy being a major health problem of increasing concern, understanding the potential allergenicity of new or modified proteins is crucial to ensure public health protection. The best predictive risk assessment methods currently relied on are in vivo models, making the choice of endpoint parameters a key element in evaluating the sensitizing capacity of novel proteins. Here, we provide a comprehensive overview of the most frequently used in vivo and ex vivo endpoints in murine food allergy models, addressing their strengths and limitations for assessing sensitization risks. For optimal laboratory‐to‐laboratory reproducibility and reliable use of predictive tests for protein risk assessment, it is important that researchers maintain and apply the same relevant parameters and procedures. Thus, there is an urgent need for a consensus on key food allergy parameters to be applied in future food allergy research in synergy between both knowledge institutes and clinicians.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Katrine L. Bøgh
- National Food Institute Technical University of Denmark Kgs. Lyngby Denmark
| | | | - Michelle M. Epstein
- Experimental Allergy Laboratory, Department of Dermatology Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria
| | - Sahar Kazemi
- Experimental Allergy Laboratory, Department of Dermatology Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria
| | - Liam O'Mahony
- Department of Medicine, APC Microbiome Ireland National University of Ireland Cork Ireland
- Department of Microbiology, APC Microbiome Ireland National University of Ireland Cork Ireland
| | | | - Joost J. Smit
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences Utrecht University Utrecht The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Robert Głogowski
- Department of Animal Breeding and Production Warsaw University of Life Sciences Warsaw Poland
| | - Hana Kozáková
- Institute of Microbiology Czech Academy of Sciences Nový Hrádek Czech Republic
| | - Martin Schwarzer
- Institute of Microbiology Czech Academy of Sciences Nový Hrádek Czech Republic
| | - Mario Noti
- Institute of Pathology University of Bern Bern Switzerland
| | - Nicole Wit
- Wageningen Food and Biobased Research Wageningen The Netherlands
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23
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Liu S, Yang B, Yang P, Liu Z. Herbal Formula-3 ameliorates OVA-induced food allergy in mice may via modulating the gut microbiota. Am J Transl Res 2019; 11:5812-5823. [PMID: 31632550 PMCID: PMC6789213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Formula-3 is a Chinese herbal medicine formula that was shown to inhibit food allergy in rats by stabilizing mast cells. But whether Formula-3 ameliorates food allergy through modulating the composition of intestinal microbiota remains to be explored. Here, we aimed to determine whether gut microbiota mediate the anti-food allergic effects of Formula-3. Mouse model of food allergy (FA) was induced by intragastrically administered with ovalbumin and cholera toxin for two weeks, then these mice were orally administrated daily with 1 ml PBS (0.1 mmol/L) or 1 ml Formula-3 (100 mg/m1) for four weeks. The number and abundance of gut mircrobiota were measured with 16S rRNA gene sequencing. We found administration of Formula-3 significantly alleviated FA by decreasing the serum levels of specific IgE, and Th2 cytokine IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13. The dominant characteristics of gut microbiota in mice with FA was the increase in Firmicutes and decrease in Bacteroidetes, and the emergence of Deferribacteres. Formula-3 treatment partially reversed the gut bacterial dysbiosis via increasing Bacteroidetes and decreasing Firmicutes. Moreover, Formula-3 decreased the bacteria from Prevotella, Moryella and Clostridium, and increased Rikenella. Functional analysis indicated modules involved in phosphotransferase system and lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis were enriched in FA mice, while Formula-3 treatment enriched pathways of multiple transport system. Our study reveals that Formula-3 may ameliorate food allergy through modulating the bacterial dysbiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Liu
- Department of Respirology & Allergy, Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518020, China
- BGI Education Center, University of Chinese Academy of SciencesShenzhen 518083, China
| | - Bo Yang
- Department of Respirology & Allergy, Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518020, China
| | - Pingchang Yang
- Department of Respirology & Allergy, Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518020, China
| | - Zhigang Liu
- Department of Respirology & Allergy, Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518020, China
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24
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Country-wide medical records infer increased allergy risk of gastric acid inhibition. Nat Commun 2019; 10:3298. [PMID: 31363098 PMCID: PMC6667461 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-10914-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Accepted: 06/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric acid suppression promotes allergy in mechanistic animal experiments and observational human studies, but whether gastric acid inhibitors increase allergy incidence at a population level remains uncharacterized. Here we aim to assess the use of anti-allergic medication following prescription of gastric acid inhibitors. We analyze data from health insurance records covering 97% of Austrian population between 2009 and 2013 on prescriptions of gastric acid inhibitors, anti-allergic drugs, or other commonly prescribed (lipid-modifying and antihypertensive) drugs as controls. Here we show that rate ratios for anti-allergic following gastric acid-inhibiting drug prescriptions are 1.96 (95%CI:1.95–1.97) and 3.07 (95%-CI:2.89–3.27) in an overall and regional Austrian dataset. These findings are more prominent in women and occur for all assessed gastric acid-inhibiting substances. Rate ratios increase from 1.47 (95%CI:1.45–1.49) in subjects <20 years, to 5.20 (95%-CI:5.15–5.25) in > 60 year olds. We report an epidemiologic relationship between gastric acid-suppression and development of allergic symptoms. Gastric acid inhibitors promote experimental allergy in animals, and have been linked to allergy risk in observational human studies. Here the authors show in a country-wide medical record analysis that allergy development risk is doubled in gastric acid inhibitor users, and is higher in women and in older age.
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25
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Changes in Cold and Hot Syndrome and Gastrointestinal Bacterial Community Structure in Mice by Intervention with Food of Different Nature. Chin J Integr Med 2019; 26:448-454. [PMID: 31302852 DOI: 10.1007/s11655-019-3072-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To reveal the effect of foods with different natures on cold or hot syndrome and gastrointestinal bacterial community structure in mice. METHODS Forty-five 6-week-old male ICR Kunming mice of clean grade were divided into 5 groups, 9 per group, including the control (CK), hot nature herbs (HM), Hong Qu glutinous rice wine (RW), tea rice wine (TW), and cold nature herbs (CM) groups. Distilled water or corresponding herbs were administered to mice (0.01 mL/g body weight) in the 5 groups by gastric infusion respectively, once daily for 28 d. Appearance, behavior, and serum biochemical indicators, including 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), noradrenaline (NE), cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP), the hot nature index, as well as the gastrointestinal bacterial community structure were analyzed in all groups after treatment. RESULTS After supplementation for 28 d, CM and TW mice showed different degrees of cold syndrome, and HM and RW mice showed different degrees of hot syndrome. Compared with the HM and RW mice, the TSH, NE, cAMP levels and hot nature indices in the CM and TW mice were significantly decreased and 5-HT and cGMP levels were significantly increased (P<0.05). There was no obvious change in appearance or behavior in CK mice. Results of clustering analysis showed that the gastrointestinal bacterial community structures were highly similar in TW and CM mice as well as in RW and HM mice, and that they were from the same branch, respectively, when the distance was 0.02. The key microbes associated with cold syndrome were Lachnospiraceae uncultured, Lactococcus, etc., and the key microbes associated with hot syndrome were S24-7 norank, Ruminococcaceae uncultured, etc. CONCLUSION: The interventions with different nature foods could change cold or hot syndrome in mice, leading to changes in gastrointestinal bacterial community structure.
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Untersmayr E, Bax HJ, Bergmann C, Bianchini R, Cozen W, Gould HJ, Hartmann K, Josephs DH, Levi‐Schaffer F, Penichet ML, O'Mahony L, Poli A, Redegeld FA, Roth‐Walter F, Turner MC, Vangelista L, Karagiannis SN, Jensen‐Jarolim E. AllergoOncology: Microbiota in allergy and cancer-A European Academy for Allergy and Clinical Immunology position paper. Allergy 2019; 74:1037-1051. [PMID: 30636005 PMCID: PMC6563061 DOI: 10.1111/all.13718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Revised: 12/27/2018] [Accepted: 12/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The microbiota can play important roles in the development of human immunity and the establishment of immune homeostasis. Lifestyle factors including diet, hygiene, and exposure to viruses or bacteria, and medical interventions with antibiotics or anti-ulcer medications, regulate phylogenetic variability and the quality of cross talk between innate and adaptive immune cells via mucosal and skin epithelia. More recently, microbiota and their composition have been linked to protective effects for health. Imbalance, however, has been linked to immune-related diseases such as allergy and cancer, characterized by impaired, or exaggerated immune tolerance, respectively. In this AllergoOncology position paper, we focus on the increasing evidence defining the microbiota composition as a key determinant of immunity and immune tolerance, linked to the risk for the development of allergic and malignant diseases. We discuss novel insights into the role of microbiota in disease and patient responses to treatments in cancer and in allergy. These may highlight opportunities to improve patient outcomes with medical interventions supported through a restored microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Untersmayr
- Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy ResearchCenter of Pathophysiology, Infectiology and ImmunologyMedical University ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Heather J. Bax
- St. John's Institute of DermatologySchool of Basic & Medical BiosciencesKing's College LondonGuy's HospitalLondonUK
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical SciencesKing's College LondonGuy's HospitalLondonUK
| | | | - Rodolfo Bianchini
- Comparative MedicineThe Interuniversity Messerli Research InstituteUniversity of Veterinary Medicine ViennaMedical University ViennaUniversity ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Wendy Cozen
- Center for Genetic EpidemiologyDepartment of Preventive MedicineKeck School of Medicine of University of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
- Department of PathologyKeck School of Medicine of University of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
- Norris Comprehensive Cancer CenterKeck School of Medicine of Los AngelesLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
| | - Hannah J. Gould
- Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular BiophysicsSchool of Basic & Medical BiosciencesKing's College LondonNew Hunt's HouseLondonUK
- Medical Research Council & Asthma UK Centre in Allergic Mechanisms of AsthmaLondonUK
| | - Karin Hartmann
- Department of DermatologyUniversity of LuebeckLuebeckGermany
| | - Debra H. Josephs
- St. John's Institute of DermatologySchool of Basic & Medical BiosciencesKing's College LondonGuy's HospitalLondonUK
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical SciencesKing's College LondonGuy's HospitalLondonUK
| | - Francesca Levi‐Schaffer
- Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics UnitSchool of PharmacyFaculty of MedicineThe Institute for Drug ResearchThe Hebrew University of JerusalemJerusalemIsrael
| | - Manuel L. Penichet
- Division of Surgical OncologyDepartment of SurgeryDavid Geffen School of MedicineUniversity of California, Los AngelesCaliforniaUSA
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular GeneticsDavid Geffen School of MedicineUniversity of California, Los AngelesCaliforniaUSA
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer CenterUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
- The Molecular Biology InstituteUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
- UCLA AIDS InstituteLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
| | - Liam O'Mahony
- Departments of Medicine and MicrobiologyAPC Microbiome IrelandNational University of IrelandCorkIreland
| | - Aurelie Poli
- Department of Infection and ImmunityLuxembourg Institute of HealthEsch‐sur‐AlzetteLuxembourg
| | - Frank A. Redegeld
- Division of PharmacologyFaculty of ScienceUtrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical SciencesUtrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Franziska Roth‐Walter
- Comparative MedicineThe Interuniversity Messerli Research InstituteUniversity of Veterinary Medicine ViennaMedical University ViennaUniversity ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Michelle C. Turner
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal)BarcelonaSpain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF)BarcelonaSpain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP)MadridSpain
- McLaughlin Centre for Population Health Risk AssessmentUniversity of OttawaOttawaOntarioCanada
| | - Luca Vangelista
- Department of Biomedical SciencesNazarbayev University School of MedicineAstanaKazakhstan
| | - Sophia N. Karagiannis
- St. John's Institute of DermatologySchool of Basic & Medical BiosciencesKing's College LondonGuy's HospitalLondonUK
| | - Erika Jensen‐Jarolim
- Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy ResearchCenter of Pathophysiology, Infectiology and ImmunologyMedical University ViennaViennaAustria
- Comparative MedicineThe Interuniversity Messerli Research InstituteUniversity of Veterinary Medicine ViennaMedical University ViennaUniversity ViennaViennaAustria
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Scherf KA, Lindenau AC, Valentini L, Collado MC, García-Mantrana I, Christensen M, Tomsitz D, Kugler C, Biedermann T, Brockow K. Cofactors of wheat-dependent exercise-induced anaphylaxis do not increase highly individual gliadin absorption in healthy volunteers. Clin Transl Allergy 2019; 9:19. [PMID: 30962874 PMCID: PMC6432753 DOI: 10.1186/s13601-019-0260-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In wheat-dependent exercise-induced anaphylaxis (WDEIA), cofactors such as exercise, acetylsalicylic acid (ASA), alcohol or unfavorable climatic conditions are required to elicit a reaction to wheat products. The mechanism of action of these cofactors is unknown, but an increase of gliadin absorption has been speculated. Our objectives were to study gliadin absorption with and without cofactors and to correlate plasma gliadin levels with factors influencing protein absorption in healthy volunteers.
Methods Twelve healthy probands (six males, six females; aged 20–56 years) ingested 32 g of gluten without any cofactor or in combination with cofactors aerobic and anaerobic exercise, ASA, alcohol and pantoprazole. Gliadin serum levels were measured up to 120 min afterwards and the intestinal barrier function protein zonulin in stool was collected before and after the procedure; both were measured by ELISA. Stool microbiota profile was obtained by 16S gene sequencing.
Results Within 15 min after gluten intake, gliadin concentrations in blood serum increased from baseline in all subjects reaching highly variable peak levels after 15–90 min. Addition of cofactors did not lead to substantially higher gliadin levels, although variability of levels was higher with differences between individuals (p < 0.001) and increased levels at later time points. Zonulin levels in stool were associated neither with addition of cofactors nor with peak gliadin concentrations. There were no differences in gut microbiota between the different interventions, although the composition of microbiota (p < 0.001) and the redundancy discriminant analysis (p < 0.007) differed in probands with low versus high stool zonulin levels. Conclusion The adsorption of gliadin in the gut in healthy volunteers is less dependent on cofactors than has been hypothesized. Patients with WDEIA may have a predisposition needed for the additional effect of cofactors, e.g., hyperresponsive or damaged intestinal epithelium. Alternatively, other mechanisms, such as cofactor-induced blood flow redistribution, increased activity of tissue transglutaminase, or increases in plasma osmolality and acidosis inducing basophil and mast cell histamine release may play the major role in WDEIA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Anne Scherf
- 1Leibniz-Institute for Food Systems Biology, Technical University of Munich, Lise-Meitner-Strasse 34, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Ann-Christin Lindenau
- 2Department of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Section of Dietetics, University of Applied Sciences Neubrandenburg, Brodaer Str. 2, 17033 Neubrandenburg, Germany
| | - Luzia Valentini
- 2Department of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Section of Dietetics, University of Applied Sciences Neubrandenburg, Brodaer Str. 2, 17033 Neubrandenburg, Germany
| | - Maria Carmen Collado
- 3Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology, Spanish National Research Council (IATA-CSIC), Av. Catedrático Agustín Escardino 7, 46980 Valencia, Spain
| | - Izaskun García-Mantrana
- 3Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology, Spanish National Research Council (IATA-CSIC), Av. Catedrático Agustín Escardino 7, 46980 Valencia, Spain
| | - Morten Christensen
- 4Department of Dermatology and Allergy Centre, Odense Research Center for Anaphylaxis (ORCA), Odense University Hospital, 5000 Odense, Denmark
| | - Dirk Tomsitz
- 5Department of Dermatology and Allergy Biederstein, Technical University of Munich, Biedersteiner Strasse 29, 80802 Munich, Germany
| | - Claudia Kugler
- 5Department of Dermatology and Allergy Biederstein, Technical University of Munich, Biedersteiner Strasse 29, 80802 Munich, Germany
| | - Tilo Biedermann
- 5Department of Dermatology and Allergy Biederstein, Technical University of Munich, Biedersteiner Strasse 29, 80802 Munich, Germany
| | - Knut Brockow
- 5Department of Dermatology and Allergy Biederstein, Technical University of Munich, Biedersteiner Strasse 29, 80802 Munich, Germany
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Fu G, Zhao K, Chen H, Wang Y, Nie L, Wei H, Wan C. Effect of 3 lactobacilli on immunoregulation and intestinal microbiota in a β-lactoglobulin–induced allergic mouse model. J Dairy Sci 2019; 102:1943-1958. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2018-15683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Bifidobacterium lactis Ameliorates the Risk of Food Allergy in Chinese Children by Affecting Relative Percentage of Treg and Th17 Cells. CANADIAN JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES & MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY 2018; 2018:4561038. [PMID: 30651897 PMCID: PMC6311867 DOI: 10.1155/2018/4561038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Revised: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 11/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
We aimed to explore the therapeutic effect of Bifidobacterium lactis on food allergy by investigating the percentage of Treg and Th17 cells in Chinese children and related molecular mechanisms. A total of 256 children with food allergy were evenly assigned into two groups: BG, the children received 10 ml B. lactis (1 × 106/ml) daily, and CG, the children received the solution without B. lactis daily for three months. Allergic symptoms, serum IgE, and food antigen-specific IgE were measured. A mouse allergy model was established by using shrimp tropomyosin and treated with B. lactis. Relative mRNA levels of Treg- and Th17-associated cytokines were measured by using quantitative PCR. The percentage of Treg and Th17 cells in spleen were measured by using flow cytometry. After 3-month therapy, the allergic symptoms of the BG were remarkably reduced when compared with the CG (P < 0.05). Serum levels of IgE and food antigen-specific IgE were decreased too (P < 0.05). Similar results were also found in a mouse allergy model. After B. lactis treatment, the relative mRNA level of FoxP3 was significantly enhanced in the B. lactis therapy group when compared to positive controls. In addition, relative mRNA levels of FoxP3 and TGF-β associated with Treg cells were increased, whereas relative mRNA levels of IL-17A and IL-23 associated with Th17 were reduced. B. lactis treatment significantly increased the ratio of Treg and Th17 cells in a mouse allergy model (P < 0.05). B. lactis effectively alleviates allergic symptoms by increasing the ratio of Treg and Th17 cells.
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Abstract
Oral tolerance is a state of systemic unresponsiveness that is the default response to food antigens in the gastrointestinal tract, although immune tolerance can also be induced by other routes, such as the skin or inhalation. Antigen can be acquired directly by intestinal phagocytes, or pass through enterocytes or goblet cell-associated passages prior to capture by dendritic cells (DCs) in the lamina propria. Mucin from goblet cells acts on DCs to render them more tolerogenic. A subset of regulatory DCs expressing CD103 is responsible for delivery of antigen to the draining lymph node and induction of Tregs. These DCs also imprint gastrointestinal homing capacity, allowing the recently primed Tregs to home back to the lamina propria where they interact with macrophages that produce IL-10 and expand. Tregs induced by dietary antigen include Foxp3+ Tregs and Foxp3- Tregs. In addition to Tregs, T cell anergy can also contribute to oral tolerance. The microbiota plays a key role in the development of oral tolerance, through regulation of macrophages and innate lymphoid cells that contribute to the regulatory phenotype of gastrointestinal dendritic cells. Absence of microbiota is associated with a susceptibility to food allergy, while presence of Clostridia strains can suppress development of food allergy through enhancement of Tregs and intestinal barrier function. It is not clear if feeding of antigens can also induce true immune tolerance after a memory immune response has been generated, but mechanistic studies of oral immunotherapy trials demonstrate shared pathways in oral tolerance and oral immunotherapy, with a role for Tregs and anergy. An important role for IgA and IgG antibodies in development of immune tolerance is also supported by studies of oral tolerance in humans. The elucidation of key pathways in oral tolerance could identify new strategies to increase efficacy of immunotherapy treatments for food allergy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leticia Tordesillas
- Jaffe Food Allergy Institute, Immunology Institute, Mindich Child Health Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - M Cecilia Berin
- Jaffe Food Allergy Institute, Immunology Institute, Mindich Child Health Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA. .,Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Box 1198, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA.
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31
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Weidmann E, Samadi N, Klems M, Heiden D, Seppova K, Ret D, Untersmayr E. Mouse Chow Composition Influences Immune Responses and Food Allergy Development in a Mouse Model. Nutrients 2018; 10:nu10111775. [PMID: 30453476 PMCID: PMC6266012 DOI: 10.3390/nu10111775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Revised: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Our diet is known to substantially influence the immune response not only by support of mucosal barriers but also via direct impact on immune cells. Thus, it was of great interest to compare the immunological effect of two mouse chows with substantial differences regarding micro-, macronutrient, lipid and vitamin content on the food allergic response in our previously established mouse model. As the two mouse chows of interest, we used a soy containing feed with lower fatty acid (FA) amount (soy-containing feed) and compared it to a soy free mouse chow (soy-free feed) in an established protocol of oral immunizations with Ovalbumin (OVA) under gastric acid suppression. In the animals receiving soy-containing feed, OVA-specific IgE, IgG1, IgG2a antibody levels were significantly elevated and food allergy was evidenced by a drop of body temperature after oral immunizations. In contrast, mice on soy-free diet had significantly higher levels of IL-10 and were protected from food allergy development. In conclusion, soy-containing feed was auxiliary during sensitizations, while soy-free feed supported oral tolerance development and food allergy prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonore Weidmann
- Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Nazanin Samadi
- Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Martina Klems
- Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Denise Heiden
- Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Klara Seppova
- Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Davide Ret
- Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
- Division of Macromolecular Chemistry, Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry, Vienna University of Technology, 1060 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Eva Untersmayr
- Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
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32
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Andreassen M, Rudi K, Angell IL, Dirven H, Nygaard UC. Allergen Immunization Induces Major Changes in Microbiota Composition and Short-Chain Fatty Acid Production in Different Gut Segments in a Mouse Model of Lupine Food Allergy. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 2018; 177:311-323. [PMID: 30244242 DOI: 10.1159/000492006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The incidence of food allergies in western countries has increased in recent decades. OBJECTIVES To study the association between gut bacterial microbiota composition, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and food allergy in a mouse model. METHODS After oral immunizations with the human food allergen lupine with the adjuvant cholera toxin (CT) (or buffer in controls), sensitization and anaphylactic responses were determined. Gastrointestinal content was collected from the distal ileum, cecum, colon, and fecal pellets, and the bacterial diversity and composition was determined by deep sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene. SCFAs in gastrointestinal content supernatants were determined by gas chromatography. RESULTS The microbiota signatures were profoundly affected by allergen immunization. Ten operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were significantly different between immunized and control animals for at least one of the intestinal segments; eight of these OTUs belonged to the Clostridia class. Although consistent across all four gut segments, the colon showed the highest number of OTUs significantly associated with allergic immunization. SCFA levels in the cecum were also altered by immunization. CONCLUSIONS Allergen immunization with CT in the present food allergy model induced profound changes in the microbiome composition and SCFA production. The result suggests that the colon may be the most sensitive gut segment for investigating changes in the gut microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Andreassen
- Department of Toxicology and Risk Assessment, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo,
| | - Knut Rudi
- Department of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway
| | - Inga Leena Angell
- Department of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway
| | - Hubert Dirven
- Department of Toxicology and Risk Assessment, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Unni C Nygaard
- Department of Toxicology and Risk Assessment, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
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The Effect of Digestion and Digestibility on Allergenicity of Food. Nutrients 2018; 10:nu10091129. [PMID: 30134536 PMCID: PMC6164088 DOI: 10.3390/nu10091129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Revised: 08/03/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Food allergy prevalence numbers are still on the rise. Apart from environmental influences, dietary habits, food availability and life-style factors, medication could also play a role. For immune tolerance of food, several contributing factors ensure that dietary compounds are immunologically ignored and serve only as source for energy and nutrient supply. Functional digestion along the gastrointestinal tract is essential for the molecular breakdown and a prerequisite for appropriate uptake in the intestine. Digestion and digestibility of carbohydrates and proteins thus critically affect the risk of food allergy development. In this review, we highlight the influence of amylases, gastric acid- and trypsin-inhibitors, as well as of food processing in the context of food allergenicity.
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34
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Samadi N, Klems M, Untersmayr E. The role of gastrointestinal permeability in food allergy. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2018; 121:168-173. [PMID: 29803708 DOI: 10.1016/j.anai.2018.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2018] [Revised: 05/04/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nazanin Samadi
- Institute for Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Martina Klems
- Institute for Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Eva Untersmayr
- Institute for Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
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Park HJ, Lee SW, Hong S. Regulation of Allergic Immune Responses by Microbial Metabolites. Immune Netw 2018; 18:e15. [PMID: 29503745 PMCID: PMC5833122 DOI: 10.4110/in.2018.18.e15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2017] [Revised: 02/18/2018] [Accepted: 02/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence demonstrates that the microbiota plays an essential role in shaping the development and function of host immune responses. A variety of environmental stimuli, including foods and commensals, are recognized by the host through the epithelium, acting as a physical barrier. Two allergic diseases, atopic dermatitis and food allergy, are closely linked to the microbiota, because inflammatory responses occur on the epidermal border. The microbiota generates metabolites such as short-chain fatty acids and poly-γ-glutamic acid (γPGA), which can modulate host immune responses. Here, we review how microbial metabolites can regulate allergic immune responses. Furthermore, we focus on the effect of γPGA on allergic T helper (Th) 2 responses and its therapeutic application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Jung Park
- Department of Integrative Bioscience and Biotechnology, Institute of Anticancer Medicine Development, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Korea
| | - Sung Won Lee
- Department of Integrative Bioscience and Biotechnology, Institute of Anticancer Medicine Development, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Korea
| | - Seokmann Hong
- Department of Integrative Bioscience and Biotechnology, Institute of Anticancer Medicine Development, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Korea
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36
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Cui ML, Wang JJ, Zhang MX. Role of microbiota in esophageal diseases. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2018; 26:289-295. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v26.i5.289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, microbiota has become the focus of research, especially for the digestive system that contains a large number of bacteria. However, most studies are focused on the oral cavity, stomach, and intestine, and studies on the esophagus are few. This review summarizes the progress in research of microbiota in esophageal diseases, aiming to clarify the relationship between microbiota and esophageal diseases as well as the related mechanisms. This will be of importance in the diagnosis and treatment of esophageal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man-Li Cui
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710038, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Jing-Jie Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710038, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Ming-Xin Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710038, Shaanxi Province, China
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37
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Kishida S, Kato-Mori Y, Hagiwara K. Influence of changes in the intestinal microflora on the immune function in mice. J Vet Med Sci 2018; 80:440-446. [PMID: 29415902 PMCID: PMC5880823 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.17-0485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The composition of the intestinal microbiota is related to the health and immune function of the host. Administration of antibiotics affects the composition of the intestinal microbiota. However, the effects of immune
function on the composition of the intestinal microbiota are still unclear. In this study, we investigated the lymphocyte composition and determined the relationships between lymphocyte function and the intestinal
microbiota following antibiotic treatment in mice. To change the composition of the intestinal microbiota, mice were treated with or without antibiotics. Analysis of intestinal microbiota was performed by metagenomic
analysis targeting 16S rRNA. Lymphocyte subsets of splenocytes were measured by flow cytometry. For functional analysis of T cells, splenocytes were stimulated with concanavalin (Con A), and cytokine gene expression was
measured by real-time polymerase chain reaction. Firmicutes were predominant in the control group, whereas Bacteroidetes predominated in the antibiotic-treated group, as determined by metagenomic analysis. The diversity
of the microbiota decreased in the antibiotic-treated group. Analysis of lymphocyte subsets showed that CD3+ cells decreased, whereas CD19+ cells increased in the antibiotic-treated group. All
cytokine genes in splenocytes treated with Con A were downregulated in the antibiotic-treated group; in particular, genes encoding interferon-γ, interleukin (IL)-6, and IL-13 significantly decreased. Taken together,
these results revealed that changes in the composition of the intestinal microbiota by antibiotic treatment influenced the population of lymphocytes in splenocytes and affected the immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigefumi Kishida
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501 Japan
| | - Yuko Kato-Mori
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501 Japan.,Graduate School of Science, Technology and Innovation, Kobe University, Hyogo 657-8501, Japan
| | - Katsuro Hagiwara
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501 Japan
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Outstanding animal studies in allergy II. From atopic barrier and microbiome to allergen-specific immunotherapy. Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol 2018; 17:180-187. [PMID: 28375932 PMCID: PMC5424576 DOI: 10.1097/aci.0000000000000364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Purpose of review Animal studies published within the past 18 months were assessed, focusing on innate and specific immunomodulation, providing knowledge of high translational relevance for human atopic and allergic diseases. Recent findings Allergic companion animals represent alternative models, but most studies were done in mice. Atopic dermatitis mouse models were refined by the utilization of cytokines like IL-23 and relevant skin allergens or enzymes. A novel IL-6 reporter mouse allows biomonitoring of inflammation. Both skin pH and the (transferable) microflora have a pivotal role in modulating the skin barrier. The microflora of the gastrointestinal mucosa maintains tolerance to dietary compounds and can be disturbed by antiacid drugs. A key mouse study evidenced that dust from Amish households, but not from Hutterites protected mice against asthma. In studies on subcutaneous and sublingual allergen-specific immunotherapy, much focus was given on delivery and adjuvants, using poly-lacto-co-glycolic particles, CpGs, probiotics or Vitamin D3. The epicutaneous and intralymphatic routes showed promising results in mice and horses in terms of prophylactic and therapeutic allergy treatment. Summary In atopic dermatitis, food allergies and asthma, environmental factors, together with the resident microflora and barrier status, decide on sensitization versus tolerance. Also allergen-specific immunotherapy operates with immunomodulatory principles.
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Satitsuksanoa P, Jansen K, Głobińska A, van de Veen W, Akdis M. Regulatory Immune Mechanisms in Tolerance to Food Allergy. Front Immunol 2018; 9:2939. [PMID: 30619299 PMCID: PMC6299021 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral tolerance can develop after frequent exposure to food allergens. Upon ingestion, food is digested into small protein fragments in the gastrointestinal tract. Small food particles are later absorbed into the human body. Interestingly, some of these ingested food proteins can cause allergic immune responses, which can lead to food allergy. So far it has not been completely elucidated how these proteins become immunogenic and cause food allergies. In contrast, oral tolerance helps to prevent the pathologic reactions against different types of food antigens from animal or plant origin. Tolerance to food is mainly acquired by dendritic cells, epithelial cells in the gut, and the gut microbiome. A subset of CD103+ DCs is capable of inducing T regulatory cells (Treg cells) that express anti-inflammatory cytokines. Anergic T cells also contribute to oral tolerance, by reducing the number of effector cells. Similar to Treg cells, B regulatory cells (Breg cells) suppress effector T cells and contribute to the immune tolerance to food allergens. Furthermore, the human microbiome is an essential mediator in the induction of oral tolerance or food allergy. In this review, we outline the current understanding of regulatory immune mechanisms in oral tolerance. The biological changes reflecting early consequences of immune stimulation with food allergens should provide useful information for the development of novel therapeutic treatments.
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Saidova A, Hershkop AM, Ponce M, Eiwegger T. Allergen-Specific T Cells in IgE-Mediated Food Allergy. Arch Immunol Ther Exp (Warsz) 2017; 66:161-170. [DOI: 10.1007/s00005-017-0501-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2017] [Accepted: 11/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Fu L, Song J, Wang C, Fu S, Wang Y. Bifidobacterium infantis Potentially Alleviates Shrimp Tropomyosin-Induced Allergy by Tolerogenic Dendritic Cell-Dependent Induction of Regulatory T Cells and Alterations in Gut Microbiota. Front Immunol 2017; 8:1536. [PMID: 29176981 PMCID: PMC5686061 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2017] [Accepted: 10/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Shellfish is one of the major allergen sources worldwide, and tropomyosin (Tm) is the predominant allergic protein in shellfish. Probiotics has been appreciated for its beneficial effects on the host, including anti-allergic and anti-inflammatory effects, although the underlying mechanisms were not fully understood. In this study, oral administration of probiotic strain Bifidobacterium infantis 14.518 (Binf) effectively suppressed Tm-induced allergic response in a mouse model by both preventive and therapeutic strategies. Further results showed that Binf stimulated dendritic cells (DCs) maturation and CD103+ tolerogenic DCs accumulation in gut-associated lymphoid tissue, which subsequently induced regulatory T cells differentiation for suppressing Th2-biased response. We also found that Binf regulates the alterations of gut microbiota composition. Specifically, the increase of Dorea and decrease of Ralstonia is highly correlated with Th2/Treg ratio and may contribute to alleviating Tm-induced allergic responses. Our findings provide molecular insight into the application of Binf in alleviating food allergy and even gut immune homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linglin Fu
- Food Safety Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, China.,Laboratory of Mucosal Immunology and Food Research, School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jinyu Song
- Food Safety Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chong Wang
- Food Safety Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, China.,Laboratory of Mucosal Immunology and Food Research, School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shujie Fu
- Laboratory of Mucosal Immunology and Food Research, School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yanbo Wang
- Food Safety Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, China.,Laboratory of Mucosal Immunology and Food Research, School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, China
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Pali‐Schöll I, De Lucia M, Jackson H, Janda J, Mueller RS, Jensen‐Jarolim E. Comparing immediate-type food allergy in humans and companion animals-revealing unmet needs. Allergy 2017; 72:1643-1656. [PMID: 28394404 DOI: 10.1111/all.13179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Adverse food reactions occur in human as well as veterinary patients. Systematic comparison may lead to improved recommendations for prevention and treatment in both. In this position paper, we summarize the current knowledge on immediate-type food allergy vs other food adverse reactions in companion animals, and compare this to the human situation. While the prevalence of food allergy in humans has been well studied for some allergens, this remains to be investigated for animal patients, where owner-reported as well as veterinarian-diagnosed food adverse reactions are on the increase. The characteristics of the disease in humans vs dogs, cats, and horses are most often caused by similar, but sometimes species-dependent different pathophysiological mechanisms, prompting the specific clinical symptoms, diagnoses, and treatments. Furthermore, little is known about the allergen molecules causative for type I food allergy in animals, which, like in human patients, could represent predictive biomarkers for risk evaluation. The definite diagnosis of food allergy relies-as in humans-on elimination diet and provocation tests. Besides allergen avoidance in daily practice, novel treatment options and tolerization strategies are underway. Taken together, numerous knowledge gaps were identified in veterinary food allergy, which need to be filled by systematic comparative studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- I. Pali‐Schöll
- Comparative Medicine The Interuniversity Messerli Research Institute of the University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna Medical University of Vienna and University of Vienna Vienna Austria
| | - M. De Lucia
- Clinica Veterinaria Privata San Marco Padova Italy
| | - H. Jackson
- Dermatology Referral Services LTD Glasgow Scotland UK
| | - J. Janda
- Faculty of Science Charles University Prague Czech Republic
| | - R. S. Mueller
- Centre for Clinical Veterinary Medicine Ludwig Maximilian University Munich Munich Germany
| | - E. Jensen‐Jarolim
- Comparative Medicine The Interuniversity Messerli Research Institute of the University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna Medical University of Vienna and University of Vienna Vienna Austria
- Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research Center of Pathophysiology Infectiology and Immunology Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria
- Allergy Care Allergy Diagnosis and Study Center Vienna Austria
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Lee KH, Song Y, O'Sullivan M, Pereira G, Loh R, Zhang GB. The Implications of DNA Methylation on Food Allergy. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 2017; 173:183-192. [PMID: 28848217 DOI: 10.1159/000479513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Food allergy is a major clinical and public health concern worldwide. The risk factors are well defined, however, the mechanisms by which they affect immune development remain largely unknown, and unfortunately the effective treatment or prevention of food allergy is still being researched. Recent studies show that the genes that are critical for the development of food allergy are regulated through DNA methylation. Environmental factors can affect host DNA methylation status and subsequently predispose people to food allergy. DNA methylation is therefore an important mediator of gene-environment interactions in food allergy and key to understanding the mechanisms underlying the allergic development. Indeed, the modification and identification of the methylation levels of specific genetic loci have gained increasing attention for therapeutic and diagnostic application in combating food allergy. In this review, we summarize and discuss the recent developments of DNA methylation in food allergy, including the pathogenesis, therapy, and diagnosis. This review will also summarize and discuss the environmental factors that affect DNA methylation levels in food allergy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khui Hung Lee
- School of Public Health, Curtin University of Technology, Bentley WA, Australia
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Human Milk and Allergic Diseases: An Unsolved Puzzle. Nutrients 2017; 9:nu9080894. [PMID: 28817095 PMCID: PMC5579687 DOI: 10.3390/nu9080894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2017] [Revised: 08/01/2017] [Accepted: 08/01/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
There is conflicting evidence on the protective role of breastfeeding in relation to the development of allergic sensitisation and allergic disease. Studies vary in methodology and definition of outcomes, which lead to considerable heterogeneity. Human milk composition varies both within and between individuals, which may partially explain conflicting data. It is known that human milk composition is very complex and contains variable levels of immune active molecules, oligosaccharides, metabolites, vitamins and other nutrients and microbial content. Existing evidence suggests that modulation of human breast milk composition has potential for preventing allergic diseases in early life. In this review, we discuss associations between breastfeeding/human milk composition and allergy development.
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Aitoro R, Paparo L, Amoroso A, Di Costanzo M, Cosenza L, Granata V, Di Scala C, Nocerino R, Trinchese G, Montella M, Ercolini D, Berni Canani R. Gut Microbiota as a Target for Preventive and Therapeutic Intervention against Food Allergy. Nutrients 2017; 9:nu9070672. [PMID: 28657607 PMCID: PMC5537787 DOI: 10.3390/nu9070672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2017] [Revised: 06/15/2017] [Accepted: 06/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota plays a pivotal role in immune system development and function. Modification in the gut microbiota composition (dysbiosis) early in life is a critical factor affecting the development of food allergy. Many environmental factors including caesarean delivery, lack of breast milk, drugs, antiseptic agents, and a low-fiber/high-fat diet can induce gut microbiota dysbiosis, and have been associated with the occurrence of food allergy. New technologies and experimental tools have provided information regarding the importance of select bacteria on immune tolerance mechanisms. Short-chain fatty acids are crucial metabolic products of gut microbiota responsible for many protective effects against food allergy. These compounds are involved in epigenetic regulation of the immune system. These evidences provide a foundation for developing innovative strategies to prevent and treat food allergy. Here, we present an overview on the potential role of gut microbiota as the target of intervention against food allergy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosita Aitoro
- Department of Translational Medical Science-Pediatric Section, University of Naples "Federico II", 80131 Naples, Italy.
| | - Lorella Paparo
- Department of Translational Medical Science-Pediatric Section, University of Naples "Federico II", 80131 Naples, Italy.
| | - Antonio Amoroso
- Department of Translational Medical Science-Pediatric Section, University of Naples "Federico II", 80131 Naples, Italy.
| | - Margherita Di Costanzo
- Department of Translational Medical Science-Pediatric Section, University of Naples "Federico II", 80131 Naples, Italy.
| | - Linda Cosenza
- Department of Translational Medical Science-Pediatric Section, University of Naples "Federico II", 80131 Naples, Italy.
| | - Viviana Granata
- Department of Translational Medical Science-Pediatric Section, University of Naples "Federico II", 80131 Naples, Italy.
| | - Carmen Di Scala
- Department of Translational Medical Science-Pediatric Section, University of Naples "Federico II", 80131 Naples, Italy.
| | - Rita Nocerino
- Department of Translational Medical Science-Pediatric Section, University of Naples "Federico II", 80131 Naples, Italy.
| | - Giovanna Trinchese
- Department of Translational Medical Science-Pediatric Section, University of Naples "Federico II", 80131 Naples, Italy.
| | - Mariangela Montella
- Department of Translational Medical Science-Pediatric Section, University of Naples "Federico II", 80131 Naples, Italy.
| | - Danilo Ercolini
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Division of Microbiology, University of Naples "Federico II", 80055 Portici, Italy.
- Task Force on Microbiome Studies, University of Naples "Federico II", 80131 Naples, Italy.
| | - Roberto Berni Canani
- Department of Translational Medical Science-Pediatric Section, University of Naples "Federico II", 80131 Naples, Italy.
- Task Force on Microbiome Studies, University of Naples "Federico II", 80131 Naples, Italy.
- European Laboratory for the Investigation of Food Induced Diseases, University of Naples "Federico II", 80131 Naples, Italy.
- CEINGE Advanced Biotechnologies, University of Naples "Federico II", 80131 Naples, Italy.
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