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Xie Z, Zhang Z, Bi K, Huang S, Zhao M, Du J. Moderate drinking benefits cognitive health in middle-aged and older Chinese: A latent class growth model analysis based on CHARLS. J Affect Disord 2025; 380:439-448. [PMID: 40139402 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2025.03.134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2024] [Revised: 03/20/2025] [Accepted: 03/22/2025] [Indexed: 03/29/2025]
Abstract
While alcohol use among older population is linked to various health risks, recent studies indicate potential benefits from moderate consumption, highlighting a contentious debate regarding its impact on health in this demographic. This study aims to identify distinct trajectories of alcohol use among middle-aged and older adults in China and examine their associations with multidimensional health outcomes, including cardiovascular, cognitive, and psychological health. This study utilized data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS), tracking a sample of 10,927 participants (54.33 % female; mean age = 57.61, SD = 8.95) through five waves of data collection. Latent Class Growth Modeling (LCGM) was employed to analyze alcohol use trajectories. Health outcomes were assessed through self-reported health measures and clinical data including lipoprotein levels. Four distinct alcohol use trajectories were identified: Moderate (6.3 %), Decreasing (11.0 %), Increasing (6.9 %), and Constantly Low (75.8 %). The Moderate trajectory was associated with significant higher cognitive scores compared to Increasing (p = .027) and Constantly Low group (p = .012). Moreover, higher levels of high density lipoprotein were linked with the Increasing and Decreasing trajectories, suggesting a protective cardiovascular effect. The findings highlight the complexity of alcohol use behaviors among older adults in China and underscore the need for targeted health interventions. Understanding the nuanced impacts of different drinking patterns on multidimensional health outcomes can aid in developing more effective public health strategies and clinical practices tailored to the needs of aging populations. Further research is recommended to explore the causal relationships and long-term health impacts of these trajectories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoyang Xie
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Faculty of Medical and Health Science, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Zheng Zhang
- School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kaiwen Bi
- Department of Social Work and Social Administration, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Shucai Huang
- Wuhu Hospital of Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University (Wuhu Fourth People's Hospital), Wuhu, China
| | - Min Zhao
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Jiang Du
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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Tang L, Yu X, Qiu C, Lu Y, Wang Y, Liu F, Zhu X. Adherence to the planetary health diet is associated with slower cognitive decline: a prospective cohort analysis of Chinese older adults. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2025; 22:56. [PMID: 40380205 PMCID: PMC12082918 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-025-01759-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2025] [Accepted: 05/06/2025] [Indexed: 05/19/2025] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The EAT-Lancet commission has proposed a planetary health reference diet (PHD) aiming to improve human health and global environmental sustainability. Emerging evidence suggests that high-quality diet is a modified risk factor cognitive decline. However, population-based evidence in relation to the association between this diet and cognitive decline is scarce. METHODS This prospective cohort study examined data from the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS) during 1997-2011.We included 3404 adults aged 60 years and older with normal cognition at baseline. Dietary intake was assessed using 3-day 24 h dietary recalls combined with weighing methods and cognitive function was assessed using repeated measures of the Telephone Interview for Cognitive Status-modified (TICS-m). The Planetary Health Diet Index (PHDI) was based on 14 food groups and a total score from 0 to 140. Higher scores indicated greater adherence to the PHDI. We used linear mixed model with random intercepts and slope to evaluate the association between PHDI score and cognitive decline adjusting for demographic, health, and lifestyle confounders. RESULTS During a median follow-up of 12 years, higher adherence to the PHDI was associated with a slower decline in memory and global cognition. Participants in the highest quintile of PHDI adherence had significantly slower memory decline (B = 0.025, 95%CI:0.000-0.049, P for trend = 0.019) and global cognitive decline (B = 0.020, 95%CI:0.004-0.037, P for trend = 0.029) compared to those in the lowest quintile. Stratified analyses revealed that physical activity modified these associations (P < 0.05). Among participants engaging in vigorous physical activity, those in the highest PHDI quintile exhibited an attenuated annual memory decline (B = 0.070, 95%CI:0.010-0.130, P for trend = 0.013) and global cognitive decline (B = 0.045, 95%CI:0.003-0.086, P for trend = 0.037) compared to those in the lowest quintile. CONCLUSION Higher adherence to the PHD was associated with slower cognitive decline in older Chinese adults. Physical activity, particularly vigorous physical activity, may enhance the cognitive benefits of this dietary pattern. These findings highlight the potential dual benefits of sustainable dietary patterns for both environmental and cognitive health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lulu Tang
- Department of Nursing, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoli Yu
- Department of Nursing, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Changcui Qiu
- Department of Nursing, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Lu
- Department of Nursing, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yunlan Wang
- Department of Nursing, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Fei Liu
- Department of Nursing, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoping Zhu
- Department of Nursing, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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Ogarrio K, Santos MP, De Anda-Duran I, Potts KS, Bazzano LA, Ley SH. Association Between Dietary Patterns and Cognitive Function in Midlife Adults: The Bogalusa Heart Study. Nutrients 2025; 17:1636. [PMID: 40431376 PMCID: PMC12113793 DOI: 10.3390/nu17101636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2025] [Revised: 04/28/2025] [Accepted: 05/05/2025] [Indexed: 05/29/2025] Open
Abstract
Background: Individual nutrients are associated with cognitive performance, but there is less evidence on the relationship between overall dietary patterns and cognitive performance in midlife. Objective: To examine the relation between dietary patterns and cognitive performance in midlife adults within the Bogalusa Heart Study (BHS). Methods: Cross-sectional data from the 2013-2016 cycle of the Bogalusa Heart Study, a life-course prospective cohort study, were used to generate diet quality scores, including the Alternate Healthy Eating Index 2010 (AHEI), the Healthy Eating Index 2015 (HEI), and the Alternate Mediterranean Dietary Pattern (aMed), based on food frequency questionnaires. Cognitive scores assessing attention and processing, episodic memory, and executive function were generated through validated cognitive tests. Generalized linear and logistic regression models were fit with adjustment for potential confounders. Results: Of 1053 participants included in the analysis, the mean age was 48.18 (SD = 5.22) years; 38.94% were male; and 31.14% identified as Black. Higher diet quality scores were associated with a higher global cognitive score (P-trend = 0.01 for AHEI, 0.02 for HEI, and 0.04 for aMed) after adjusting for age, sex, race, employment, education, smoking status, total energy intake, physical activity, BMI, diabetes, and hypertension. In dichotomous outcome analyses, higher AHEI and aMed scores remained inversely associated with low cognition when adjusting for similar covariates (P-trend = 0.03 for AHEI, 0.03 for aMed), but the association was attenuated to non-significance for HEI. In joint effect analysis between employment and dietary patterns (P-interaction = 0.28 for AHEI, 0.01 for HEI, and 0.11 for aMed), unemployment with a lower quality diet was associated with lower cognitive performance (P-trend = 0.02 for AHEI, 0.02 for HEI, and 0.01 for aMed). Conclusions: A high-quality diet is associated with optimal cognitive performance among midlife adults, and unemployment status may influence this association. These findings suggest that dietary interventions during midlife may represent a public health strategy to preserve cognitive function and reduce future neurodegenerative disease burden, especially in disadvantaged populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristen Ogarrio
- Department of Epidemiology, Celia Scott Weatherhead School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA; (K.O.); (M.P.S.); (I.D.A.-D.); (K.S.P.); (L.A.B.)
| | - Maria P. Santos
- Department of Epidemiology, Celia Scott Weatherhead School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA; (K.O.); (M.P.S.); (I.D.A.-D.); (K.S.P.); (L.A.B.)
| | - Ileana De Anda-Duran
- Department of Epidemiology, Celia Scott Weatherhead School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA; (K.O.); (M.P.S.); (I.D.A.-D.); (K.S.P.); (L.A.B.)
| | - Kaitlin S. Potts
- Department of Epidemiology, Celia Scott Weatherhead School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA; (K.O.); (M.P.S.); (I.D.A.-D.); (K.S.P.); (L.A.B.)
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Department of Sleep Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Lydia A. Bazzano
- Department of Epidemiology, Celia Scott Weatherhead School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA; (K.O.); (M.P.S.); (I.D.A.-D.); (K.S.P.); (L.A.B.)
| | - Sylvia H. Ley
- Department of Epidemiology, Celia Scott Weatherhead School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA; (K.O.); (M.P.S.); (I.D.A.-D.); (K.S.P.); (L.A.B.)
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4
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Ardisson Korat AV, Duscova E, Shea MK, Jacques PF, Sebastiani P, Wang M, Mahdavi S, Eliassen AH, Willett WC, Sun Q. Dietary Carbohydrate Intake, Carbohydrate Quality, and Healthy Aging in Women. JAMA Netw Open 2025; 8:e2511056. [PMID: 40377936 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.11056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2025] Open
Abstract
Importance Dietary carbohydrate quality is inversely associated with risks of chronic disease and all-cause mortality. However, limited evidence exists regarding the role of carbohydrate quality and dietary carbohydrate types in promoting healthy aging. Objective To evaluate the long-term role of dietary carbohydrate intake and carbohydrate quality in healthy aging. Design, Setting, and Participants This prospective cohort study used data from the Nurses' Health Study (NHS) from January 1984 to December 2016 and included participants aged younger than 60 years in 1984. Data were analyzed from January 2023 to February 2025. Exposure Intakes of total carbohydrates; refined carbohydrates; high-quality carbohydrates from whole grains, fruits, vegetables, and legumes; dietary fiber; and the dietary glycemic index (GI) and glycemic load (GL). Main Outcomes and Measures Nutrient intakes were derived from 1984 and 1986 food frequency questionnaires. The primary outcome was healthy aging, defined as the absence of major chronic diseases, lack of cognitive and physical function impairments, and having good mental health, according to 2014 or 2016 NHS questionnaire data. Multivariate logistic regression was used to calculate associations of each carbohydrate variable with healthy aging. Results Among 47 513 participants (mean [SD] baseline age, 48.5 [6.2] years), 3706 (7.8%) met our healthy aging definition. Every 10%-calorie increment in intakes of total carbohydrates (odds ratio [OR], 1.17; 95% CI, 1.10-1.25) and high-quality carbohydrates (OR, 1.31; 95% CI, 1.22-1.41) was positively associated with healthy aging. Refined carbohydrates were associated with lower odds of healthy aging (OR, 0.87; 95% CI, 0.80-0.95). Intakes of carbohydrates from fruits, vegetables, and whole grains were positively associated with odds of healthy aging (ORs ranging from 1.11; 95% CI, 1.07-1.15 to 1.37; 95% CI, 1.20-1.57 per 5% energy increment). Additionally, intakes of total dietary fiber and fiber from fruits, vegetables, and cereals were associated with higher odds of healthy aging (ORs ranging from 1.07; 95% CI, 1.03-1.11 to 1.17; 95% CI, 1.13-1.22 per 1-SD increment). GL was positively associated with healthy aging, which was attenuated by dietary fiber adjustment. A higher GI (OR, 0.76; 95% CI, 0.67-0.87) and carbohydrate-to-fiber ratio (OR, 0.71; 95% CI, 0.62-0.81) were inversely associated with healthy aging when comparing extreme quintiles. There were positive associations for isocaloric replacements of refined carbohydrates, animal protein, total fat, or trans fats with high-quality carbohydrates (ORs ranging from 1.08; 95% CI, 1.01-1.16 to 1.16; 95% CI, 1.11-1.21). Conclusions and Relevance In this cohort study of women, intakes of high-quality carbohydrates and dietary fiber were associated with positive health status in older adulthood, suggesting that dietary carbohydrate quality may be an important determinant of healthy aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andres V Ardisson Korat
- US Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts
- Tufts University School of Medicine, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Ecaterina Duscova
- US Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - M Kyla Shea
- US Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Paul F Jacques
- US Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Paola Sebastiani
- Institute for Clinical Research and Health Policy Studies, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Molin Wang
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Sara Mahdavi
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - A Heather Eliassen
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Walter C Willett
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Qi Sun
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
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Pratama F, Rahardja RT, Rachmadi AR, Salam WQ, Kho K, Adelie A, Devanthi PVP. Optimizing Mycoprotein Production by Aspergillus oryzae Using Soy Whey as a Substrate. J Fungi (Basel) 2025; 11:349. [PMID: 40422683 DOI: 10.3390/jof11050349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2025] [Revised: 04/24/2025] [Accepted: 04/28/2025] [Indexed: 05/28/2025] Open
Abstract
Soy whey, a by-product of soy processing, has shown promise as a substrate for mycoprotein production using Aspergillus oryzae. However, the low biomass concentration obtained necessitates optimization of cultivation conditions to enhance total protein production. In this study, we optimized substrate concentration (50%, 75%, and 100%), initial pH (unadjusted, 4, 5, and 6), and supplementation with 8 g/L ammonium sulfate, minerals (0.75 g/L MgSO4·7H2O, 1 g/L CaCl2·H2O and 3.5 g/L KH2PO4), or their combination to maximize biomass production. The results showed that adjusting the initial pH to 5 and adding ammonium sulfate and minerals increased biomass concentration by 169% from 1.82 g/L to 4.9 g/L in 100% soy whey. This optimized condition also slightly improved the protein content of the biomass from 53% w/w to 55.93% w/w. Additionally, cultivating A. oryzae under these optimized conditions significantly reduced soy whey's chemical oxygen demand from 8100 mg/L to 3267 mg/L, highlighting bioremediation potential. These findings suggest that the optimized conditions enhance the productivity of mycoprotein and also contribute to the sustainable management of soy whey waste, providing a combined benefit of nutrient recovery and wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ferren Pratama
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Indonesia International Institute for Life Sciences, Pulomas Barat Kavling 88, Jakarta 13210, Indonesia
| | - Richelle Tirta Rahardja
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Indonesia International Institute for Life Sciences, Pulomas Barat Kavling 88, Jakarta 13210, Indonesia
| | - Angellique Regina Rachmadi
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Indonesia International Institute for Life Sciences, Pulomas Barat Kavling 88, Jakarta 13210, Indonesia
| | - Wildan Qoharisma Salam
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Indonesia International Institute for Life Sciences, Pulomas Barat Kavling 88, Jakarta 13210, Indonesia
| | - Katherine Kho
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Indonesia International Institute for Life Sciences, Pulomas Barat Kavling 88, Jakarta 13210, Indonesia
| | - Aivyanca Adelie
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Indonesia International Institute for Life Sciences, Pulomas Barat Kavling 88, Jakarta 13210, Indonesia
| | - Putu Virgina Partha Devanthi
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Indonesia International Institute for Life Sciences, Pulomas Barat Kavling 88, Jakarta 13210, Indonesia
- School of Science, Constructor University, 28759 Bremen, Germany
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Chen Y, Qi W, Peng W, Fang W, Song G, Hao Y, Wang Y. Cyanidin-3-glucoside improves cognitive impairment in naturally aging mice by modulating the gut microbiota and activating the ERK/CREB/BDNF pathway. Food Res Int 2025; 208:116086. [PMID: 40263878 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2025.116086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2024] [Revised: 01/21/2025] [Accepted: 02/22/2025] [Indexed: 04/24/2025]
Abstract
Aging-related cognitive impairment has emerged as a major health-threatening factor among the elderly, and cyanidin-3-glucoside (C3G) is a prominent anthocyanin with biological activities, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and alleviation of neurodegeneration. However, the role of C3G in alleviating natural aging-induced cognitive impairment and the underlying mechanisms thereof remain unclear. In this study, experimental methods mainly included biochemical analysis, pathological analysis, immunofluorescence staining, transmission electron microscopy analysis, western blot, as well as the determination of the gut microbiota composition and detection of metabolites. We found that C3G may exert neuroprotective effects and promote brain health by alleviating brain atrophy and neuroinflammation, enhancing brain antioxidant capacity, regulating neurotransmitter expression and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis activity, and attenuating blood-brain barrier and hippocampal synaptic damage. Furthermore, C3G also promotes gut health by decreasing inflammatory responses and intestinal tissue crypt damage, upregulating the expression of tight junction proteins, and attenuating intestinal damage. Notably, C3G regulated the microbiota composition in different intestinal segments and intestinal mucosa, as well as the metabolic homeostasis of gut microbiota metabolites, such as short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), amino acids, and bile acids. Substantially increased levels of SCFAs could activate the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)/cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB)/brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) signaling pathway by acting on the G protein-coupled receptors. Correlation analysis indicated that increased gut microbiota, such as Faecalibaculum and Bifidobacterium, and elevated SCFAs were positively correlated with behavioral improvement and brain health. In conclusion, our findings reveal that C3G has the potential to improve natural aging-induced cognitive impairment by modulating the gut microbiota and its metabolite SCFAs, thereby activating the ERK/CREB/BDNF pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyu Chen
- Academy of National Food and Strategic Reserves Administration, Beijing 100037, PR China; School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Wentao Qi
- Academy of National Food and Strategic Reserves Administration, Beijing 100037, PR China
| | - Wenting Peng
- Academy of National Food and Strategic Reserves Administration, Beijing 100037, PR China
| | - Wei Fang
- Academy of National Food and Strategic Reserves Administration, Beijing 100037, PR China
| | - Ge Song
- Academy of National Food and Strategic Reserves Administration, Beijing 100037, PR China
| | - Yanling Hao
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Yong Wang
- Academy of National Food and Strategic Reserves Administration, Beijing 100037, PR China.
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7
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Wei J, Zhu X, Liu J, Gao Y, Liu X, Wang K, Zheng X. Estimating global prevalence of mild cognitive impairment and dementia in elderly with overweight, obesity, and central obesity: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Obes Rev 2025; 26:e13882. [PMID: 39647849 DOI: 10.1111/obr.13882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 11/26/2024] [Accepted: 11/28/2024] [Indexed: 12/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Previous studies have demonstrated that adiposity, particularly obesity during midlife, may have a detrimental effect on cognitive function. This study aims to estimate the global prevalence of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia in elderly aged 60 years or above with overweight, obesity, and central obesity. METHODS We searched PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library from inception to November 2023. DerSimonian-Laird random-effects model with Logit transformation was used. Sensitivity analysis, meta-regression, and subgroup analysis were employed to investigate determinants of the prevalence of MCI and dementia. RESULTS A total of 72 studies involving 2,980,947 elderly with distinct adiposity status were included. Pooled prevalence of MCI and dementia in elderly with overweight and obesity was 32.54% and 9.47%, respectively. Univariate meta-regression analysis indicated that the heterogeneity in dementia prevalence was attributable to variations in study size (R2 = 0.01, p < 0.05), while the multivariable analysis underscored that the income of country or area had the most significant predictive importance (60.3% and 90.3%) for both MCI and dementia prevalence. Subgroup analysis revealed regional disparities and diagnostic technique variations contributing to heterogeneity. Based on currently available but inadequate epidemiological data, the pooled prevalence of MCI and dementia in elderly with central obesity was calculated as 10.18% and 9.75%, respectively. CONCLUSION Strategies to address adiposity-associated cognitive impairment should consider multifaceted interventions beyond simple weight reduction. Macro-level initiatives such as improvement of income levels and micro-level interventions including the adoption of accurate diagnostic techniques also represent equally pivotal components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junlun Wei
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Research Center for Islet Transplantation, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xinyue Zhu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Research Center for Islet Transplantation, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiaye Liu
- Division of Thyroid Surgery, Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Laboratory of Thyroid and Parathyroid Diseases, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, Center of Precision Medicine, Precision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yun Gao
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Research Center for Islet Transplantation, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xinjun Liu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, University Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Ke Wang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, University Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaofeng Zheng
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Research Center for Islet Transplantation, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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8
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Shima T, Onishi H, Terashima C. Improvement of spatial memory dysfunction in type 2 diabetic mice through a low-carbohydrate and high-protein diet: Potential role of LRP6/Wnt3a signaling in the hippocampus. J Nutr Biochem 2025; 143:109937. [PMID: 40288500 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2025.109937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2024] [Revised: 04/06/2025] [Accepted: 04/23/2025] [Indexed: 04/29/2025]
Abstract
Hippocampal dysfunction associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), including deficits in spatial learning and memory, represent a significant challenge to overall health. Dietary interventions are considered effective therapeutic approaches for managing metabolic parameters in T2DM, with a low-carbohydrate and high-protein (LCHP) diet being a representative example. However, the impact of an LCHP diet on hippocampal dysfunction in T2DM remains unclear. In this study, we examined the potential role of an LCHP diet to alleviate spatial memory impairments. C57BL/6 J and ob/ob mice were assigned to either an LCHP diet group (25.1 % carbohydrate, 57.2 % protein, and 17.7% fat as percentages of calories) or a control diet group (58.9% carbohydrate, 24.0% protein, and 17.1% fat as percentages of calories). After four weeks of dietary intervention, all mice underwent the Morris water maze test, followed by hippocampal mRNA expression analysis. The findings demonstrated that the LCHP diet improved spatial memory performance in ob/ob mice. This dietary regimen mitigated the downregulation of hippocampal mRNA levels for low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 6 (Lrp6), IGF-1 receptor (Igf1r), and Wnt3a observed in ob/ob mice. These results suggest that modulating biochemical molecules may play a role in ameliorating memory deficits associated with T2DM through LCHP dietary interventions, highlighting potential targets for developing nutritional strategies to address hippocampal dysfunction caused by T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeru Shima
- Department of Health and Physical Education, Cooperative Faculty of Education, Gunma University, Maebashi, Gunma, Japan.
| | - Hayate Onishi
- Course of Biomedical Sciences in Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma University, Maebashi, Gunma, Japan
| | - Chiho Terashima
- Department of Health and Physical Education, Cooperative Faculty of Education, Gunma University, Maebashi, Gunma, Japan
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9
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Pozdnyakova Y, Murzatayeva A. Neuroprotective Potential of Stevia rebaudiana and Stachys sieboldii: Effects on Oxidative Stress and Locomotor Activity in Male Rats Fed a High-Fat, High-Sucrose Diet. BIOLOGY 2025; 14:359. [PMID: 40282224 PMCID: PMC12025075 DOI: 10.3390/biology14040359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2025] [Revised: 03/18/2025] [Accepted: 03/21/2025] [Indexed: 04/29/2025]
Abstract
A high-fat, high-sugar diet (HFHS) is known to exacerbate oxidative stress and behavioral dysfunctions, increasing susceptibility to cognitive decline. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of Stevia rebaudiana and Stachys sieboldii on lipid peroxidation and behavioral alterations in rats fed an HFHS diet. Forty Wistar rats were divided into four groups: a control group on a standard diet, an HFHS group, and two experimental groups receiving HFHS supplemented with either Stevia or Stachys for 30 days. Behavioral responses were assessed using the Open Field Test, and oxidative stress markers (malondialdehyde, conjugated dienes, ketodienes, and Schiff bases) were measured in brain homogenates. Stevia significantly reduced oxidative stress markers by 30-51%, whereas Stachys decreased hyperactive locomotor behavior by 63-68%. Correlation analysis revealed strong associations between lipid peroxidation and behavioral parameters. These findings suggest that Stevia is more effective in reducing oxidative stress, while Stachys better regulates excessive locomotion. Both plant-based supplements exhibit neuroprotective potential, with distinct mechanisms of action, supporting their use as dietary interventions to mitigate the effects of an HFHS diet on brain function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yelena Pozdnyakova
- Department of Biomedicine, Karaganda Medical University, Karaganda 10008, Kazakhstan;
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10
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Wang K, Liu M, Yang L, Li H, Chang Y, Diao M, Salvador JT, Yang Z. Heterogeneity of depression trajectories and associated risk factors during radiotherapy in patients with gastrointestinal cancer: A longitudinal study. Eur J Oncol Nurs 2025; 76:102886. [PMID: 40187031 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejon.2025.102886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2024] [Revised: 03/13/2025] [Accepted: 03/23/2025] [Indexed: 04/07/2025]
Abstract
PURPOSE To identify the heterogeneity in depression trajectories and factors influencing depression during radiotherapy in patients with gastrointestinal cancer. METHODS Between August 2023 and May 2024, we longitudinally tracked the symptoms of 146 patients with gastrointestinal cancer at T0 (pre-radiotherapy), T1 (mid-radiotherapy), and T2 (1-month post-radiotherapy). Group-based trajectory models were used to identify subgroups of depression trajectories. A fit-criteria assessment plot was used to assess the accuracy of grouping, and univariate and multivariate logistic regression models were used to analyze the potential independent factors associated with the subgroups. RESULTS Patients were categorized into three subgroups: no depression (31.5 %), mild depression (54.1 %), and moderate depression (14.4 %) group. Patients aged >65 years (P < 0.05), those with a malnutrition-inflammation complex (P < 0.05), and those accompanied by children (P < 0.05) were more likely to belong to the moderate depression group. Between-group and within-group differences in psychoneurologic symptoms, such as fatigue, remained consistent with depression. Depressive symptoms were most severe mid-radiotherapy, and moderately depressed patients were at risk of developing major depression. CONCLUSIONS There was significant heterogeneity in depression during radiotherapy among patients with gastrointestinal cancer. Clinicians should focus on identifying high-risk patients with depression aged >65 years, those with a malnutrition-inflammation complex, and those accompanied by children. They should actively implement pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatments and refer them to specialized psychological clinics, if necessary, to prevent the occurrence of major depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Wang
- Department of Nursing, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Tai'an City, Shandong Province, China
| | - Mengjia Liu
- School of Nursing, Shandong First Medical University, Tai'an City, Shandong Province, China
| | - Lin Yang
- Department of Hospital Infection Management, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Tai'an City, Shandong Province, China
| | - Hong Li
- Department of Tumor Radiotherapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Tai'an City, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yaxin Chang
- School of Nursing, Shandong First Medical University, Tai'an City, Shandong Province, China
| | - Min Diao
- Department of Nursing, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Tai'an City, Shandong Province, China
| | - Jordan Tovera Salvador
- Nursing Education Department, College of Nursing, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zhaoxia Yang
- Department of Nursing, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Tai'an City, Shandong Province, China.
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11
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Qi Y, Xue X, Chen N, Gong J, Mu D, Zhao K, Zhao M, Li Y, Shi L, Yu J. Adherence to the cMIND and AIDD diets and their associations with anxiety in older adults in China. Front Nutr 2025; 12:1548072. [PMID: 40098739 PMCID: PMC11911210 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2025.1548072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2025] [Accepted: 02/13/2025] [Indexed: 03/19/2025] Open
Abstract
Introduction Anxiety is highly prevalent among older adults, and dietary interventions targeting nutrition may offer effective, practical strategies for preventing mental disorders. This study aimed to explore the association between the cMIND diet, anti-inflammatory dietary diversity (AIDD), and the risk of anxiety in older adults. Methods A cross-sectional analysis was conducted using data from the 2018 Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS). Anxiety symptoms were assessed using the Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7) scale, while adherence to the cMIND diet and AIDD was evaluated through a food frequency questionnaire. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to examine associations between dietary patterns and anxiety risk, with odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) reported. Random forest analysis was used to identify key factors influencing anxiety, and sensitivity analyses were conducted to test the robustness of the results. Results A total of 13,815 participants aged 65 and older were included, with 1,550 (11.2%) identified with anxiety. Multivariable logistic models indicated that adherence to the cMIND diet or higher AIDD was associated with a 16-26% reduced risk of anxiety, with the adjusted ORs (95% CIs) for the cMIND diet ranging from 0.75 (0.64-0.87) to 0.75 (0.61-0.91), and for AIDD from 0.74 (0.62-0.88) to 0.84 (0.73-0.96). Sensitivity analyses confirmed the stability of these findings. Depression and sleep quality were identified as the most important factors contributing to anxiety, while diet was one of the few modifiable factors. Conclusion This study provides evidence supporting the association between diet and anxiety in older adults, highlighting the potential of promoting healthy dietary patterns and targeted nutritional interventions as effective strategies for improving mental health in the aging population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yana Qi
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Chinese Evidence-Based Medicine Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xinyu Xue
- Chinese Evidence-Based Medicine Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ningsu Chen
- Chinese Evidence-Based Medicine Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jie Gong
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Dongyu Mu
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Kai Zhao
- Chinese Evidence-Based Medicine Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Mengnan Zhao
- Chinese Evidence-Based Medicine Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Youping Li
- Chinese Evidence-Based Medicine Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lei Shi
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiajie Yu
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Chinese Evidence-Based Medicine Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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12
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Horovitz O. Nutritional Psychology: Review the Interplay Between Nutrition and Mental Health. Nutr Rev 2025; 83:562-576. [PMID: 39441711 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuae158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Nutritional psychology is a burgeoning field that examines the intricate relationship between nutrition and mental health. This concept, its historical development, and its current significance in understanding the complex interplay between diet and psychological well-being are explored in this article. The influence of various nutrients on mental health, the role of dietary patterns, and the impact of nutrition on specific mental disorders are examined. Highlighted are the potential mechanisms underlying the nutrition-mental health connection, and the implications for clinical practice and public health interventions are discussed. The discussion in this article underscores the importance of considering nutrition as essential in mental health promotion and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omer Horovitz
- The Physiology and Behavior Laboratory, Tel-Hai Academic College, Qiryat Shemona 1220800, Israel
- Psychology Department, Tel-Hai Academic College, Qiryat Shemona 1220800, Israel
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13
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Forootani B, Sasanfar B, Salehi-Abargouei A, Mirzaei M. The association between plant and animal protein intake with depression, anxiety, and stress. Nutr Neurosci 2025; 28:370-383. [PMID: 38980695 DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2024.2372194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent evidence suggests that diet composition is a key biological factor related to the development of depressive disorders. The present study was conducted to investigate the animal and plant protein intake and their replacement in association with depression, anxiety, and stress in Iranian adults. METHOD In this cross-sectional study, the dietary intake of 7169 subjects were assessed using a validated food frequency questionnaire. The depression, anxiety, and stress Scale - 21 (DASS-21) questionnaire was used to psychological disorders. Logistic regression was used to obtain odds ratios for depression, anxiety, and stress across quintiles of animal and plant protein. RESULTS The participants' age range was 20-69 years. Individuals with the highest animal protein consumption had a lower chance for developing depression compared to those with the lowest intakes (OR = 0.73, 95%CI: 0.59-0.90; Ptrend < 0.01). Results also showed a significant association between animal protein intake and anxiety, such that subjects in the highest quintile of animal protein intake had 24% lower odds for anxiety compared to those in the lowest quintile (p < 0.05). We found a significant association between highest quintiles of animal protein intake and a 40% lower risk for stress among female individuals (Ptrend = 0.05). The multivariable-adjusted non-linear analyses also revealed that the replacement of plant protein with animal protein was significantly associated with the likelihood of depression and anxiety (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Animal protein intake might lower the odds of depression and anxiety particularly. Future prospective investigations are proposed to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bita Forootani
- Research Center for Food Hygiene and Safety, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Bahareh Sasanfar
- Research Center for Food Hygiene and Safety, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Amin Salehi-Abargouei
- Research Center for Food Hygiene and Safety, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
- Yazd Cardiovascular Research Center, Non-communicable Diseases Research Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Masoud Mirzaei
- Yazd Cardiovascular Research Center, Non-communicable Diseases Research Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
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Qiao M, Ni J, Qing H, Qiu Y, Quan Z. Role of Peripheral NLRP3 Inflammasome in Cognitive Impairments: Insights of Non-central Factors. Mol Neurobiol 2025:10.1007/s12035-025-04779-8. [PMID: 40000575 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-025-04779-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2025] [Indexed: 02/27/2025]
Abstract
Cognitive impairments are common clinical manifestation of Alzheimer's disease, vascular dementia, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and autoimmune diseases. Emerging evidence has suggested a strong correlation between peripheral chronic inflammation and cognitive impairments. For example, nearly 40% of individuals with inflammatory bowel disease also suffer from cognitive impairments. In this condition, NLRP3 inflammasome (NLRP3-I) generating pro-inflammatory cytokines like IL-1β serves as a significant effector, and its persistence exerts adverse effects to both periphery and the brain. Moreover, investigations on serum biomarkers of mild cognitive impairments have shown NLRP3-I components' upregulation, suggesting the involvement of peripheral inflammasome pathway in this disorder. Here, we systematically reviewed the current knowledge of NLRP3-I in inflammatory disease to uncover its potential role in bridging peripheral chronic inflammation and cognitive impairments. This review summarizes the molecular features and ignition process of NLRP3-I in inflammatory response. Meanwhile, various effects of NLRP3-I involved in peripheral inflammation-associated disease are also reviewed, especially its chronic disturbances to brain homeostasis and cognitive function through routes including gut-brain, liver-brain, and kidney-brain axes. In addition, current promising compounds and their targets relative to NLRP3-I are discussed in the context of cognitive impairments. Through the detailed investigation, this review highlights the critical role of peripheral NLRP3-I in the pathogenesis of cognitive disorders, and offers novel perspectives for developing effective therapeutic interventions for diseases associated with cognitive impairments. The present review outlines the current knowledge on the ignition of NLRP3-I in inflammatory disease and more importantly, emphasizes the role of peripheral NLRP3-I as a causal pathway in the development of cognitive disorders. Although major efforts to restrain cognitive decline are mainly focused on the central nervous system, it has become clear that disturbances from peripheral immune are closely associated with the dysfunctional brain. Therefore, attenuation of these inflammatory changes through inhibiting the NLRP3-I pathway in early inflammatory disease may reduce future risk of cognitive impairments, and in the meantime, considerations on such pathogenesis for combined drug therapy will be required in the clinical evaluation of cognitive disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengfan Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, Department of Biology, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Junjun Ni
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, Department of Biology, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Hong Qing
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, Department of Biology, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
- Department of Biology, Shenzhen MSU-BIT University, Shenzhen, 518172, China
| | - Yunjie Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, Department of Biology, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China.
| | - Zhenzhen Quan
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, Department of Biology, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China.
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15
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Samigullin A, Gählert J, Groß G, Morcos M, Schwertz R, Öste R, Siegel E, Humpert P. A central role of nutrition in cognitive function among primary school children: a cross-sectional analysis. BMC Nutr 2025; 11:35. [PMID: 39930520 PMCID: PMC11809016 DOI: 10.1186/s40795-025-01016-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2025] [Indexed: 02/13/2025] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Childhood overweight and obesity have implications that extend beyond physical health. Despite evidence linking obesity to poorer cognition, the combined effects of weight status and dietary habits on cognitive function in children remain insufficiently studied. This study took a comprehensive approach investigating effects of weight status on cognition, incorporating socio-economic factors, parental anthropometrics, and detailed nutrition assessments in primary school children. METHODS Anthropometric measurements, cognitive testing and short interviews were performed in schools from October 2021 until July 2022 in the Rhein-Neckar region, Germany. Cognitive testing included the distractibility and flexibility modules of the PSYTEST KiTap battery, alongside a self-designed short-term memory assessment. Parents were asked to provide information on physical activity, socioeconomic status (SES) and nutrition (3-day food diary and a questionnaire). Pearson's correlations were used for normally distributed continuous data, and Spearman's correlations for nonparametric data Pearson's or Spearman's correlation coefficients were calculated based on data distribution. RESULTS A total of 256 children with a mean age of 8.0 years participated in the study. According to German growth reference tables, 16% were underweight, 75% normal weight, 5% overweight and 5% obese. Cognitive testing resulted in an average age- and sex adjusted performance. No significant correlations were found between any of the anthropometric variables collected and the cognitive domains studied. At the same time, cognition was associated with nutrition, physical activity and SES with strongest associations between reaction time in the flexibility task and fat consumption (R -0.35, p < 0.001), total kilocalories (R -0.30, p < 0.001) and protein (R -0.30, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS The cognitive domains studied are not associated with anthropometric variables in primary school children. Nutrition appears to have strongest associations with cognition followed by other factors such as physical activity and SES. This study underlines the importance of nutrition for cognitive function and emphasizes the need to include nutrition in studies on cognitive performance and body weight status in schoolchildren. The study was registered at clinicaltrials.gov on September 21st 2021 under the registration number NCT05077059.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azat Samigullin
- StarScience GmbH, Heidelberg, Germany.
- Stoffwechselzentrum Rhein-Pfalz, Mannheim, Germany.
| | - Jana Gählert
- Medical Faculty Heidelberg, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Gabriel Groß
- Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Michael Morcos
- Stoffwechselzentrum Rhein-Pfalz, Mannheim, Germany
- Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | | | | | - Erhard Siegel
- St. Josefskrankenhaus, Heidelberg, Germany
- Adipositasnetzwerk Rhein-Neckar e. V, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Per Humpert
- Stoffwechselzentrum Rhein-Pfalz, Mannheim, Germany
- Medical Faculty Heidelberg, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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16
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Hou PF, Yao Y, Bai Q, Lang HD, Qin Y, Zhu JD, Zhang QY, Yi L, Mi MT. Short term high-fat diet induced liver ILC1 differentiation associated with the TLR9 activation. J Nutr Biochem 2025; 136:109810. [PMID: 39551166 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2024.109810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2024] [Revised: 10/24/2024] [Accepted: 11/12/2024] [Indexed: 11/19/2024]
Abstract
The health impact of dietary fat is a significant nutritional concern. However, the effects of high-fat diet on immune system particularly the liver regional immune function remains still unclear. Liver ILC1 has been recently identified as playing crucial roles in anti-viral defense, liver regeneration, and protection against acute liver injury. Here, in a mouse model, we uncovered that short term high-fat diet for 2 weeks obviously increased the frequency and number of ILC1 in liver. The production of TNF-α and expressions of TRAIL, CXCR3 and CXCR6 were also increased. Furthermore, EASY-RNAseq and ATAC-seq of liver ILC1 clarified the transcriptome characteristics and chromatin accessibility in response to short term high-fat diet, which were involved with lymphocyte differentiation. Mechanistically, we demonstrated that accumulation of liver ILC1 induced by short term high-fat diet was dependent on a TLR9-mediated differentiation through TLR9 inhibitor. Taken together, these findings shed light on the effect and underlying mechanism of short term high-fat diet on liver ILC1 differentiation and provide nutritional strategies and theoretical basis for the liver regional immune function regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng-Fei Hou
- Research Center for Nutrition and Food Safety, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Health, Chongqing Medical Nutrition Research Center, Institute of Military Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Yu Yao
- Research Center for Nutrition and Food Safety, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Health, Chongqing Medical Nutrition Research Center, Institute of Military Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Qian Bai
- Research Center for Nutrition and Food Safety, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Health, Chongqing Medical Nutrition Research Center, Institute of Military Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - He-Dong Lang
- Research Center for Nutrition and Food Safety, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Health, Chongqing Medical Nutrition Research Center, Institute of Military Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Yu Qin
- Research Center for Nutrition and Food Safety, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Health, Chongqing Medical Nutrition Research Center, Institute of Military Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Jun-Dong Zhu
- Research Center for Nutrition and Food Safety, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Health, Chongqing Medical Nutrition Research Center, Institute of Military Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Qian-Yong Zhang
- Research Center for Nutrition and Food Safety, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Health, Chongqing Medical Nutrition Research Center, Institute of Military Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Long Yi
- Research Center for Nutrition and Food Safety, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Health, Chongqing Medical Nutrition Research Center, Institute of Military Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, PR China.
| | - Man-Tian Mi
- Research Center for Nutrition and Food Safety, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Health, Chongqing Medical Nutrition Research Center, Institute of Military Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, PR China.
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Shima T, Onishi H, Terashima C. Possible Involvement of Hippocampal miR-539-3p/Lrp6/Igf1r Axis for Diminished Working Memory in Mice Fed a Low-Carbohydrate and High-Protein Diet. Mol Nutr Food Res 2025; 69:e202400648. [PMID: 39707649 PMCID: PMC11744036 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202400648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2024] [Revised: 11/13/2024] [Accepted: 12/04/2024] [Indexed: 12/23/2024]
Abstract
A low-carbohydrate and high-protein (LC-HP) diet demonstrates favorable impacts on metabolic parameters, albeit it leads to a decline in hippocampal function with the decreased expression of hippocampal insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF-1R) among healthy mice. However, the precise mechanisms underlying this phenomenon remain unexplored. Eight-week-old male C57BL/6 mice were divided into the LC-HP diet-fed group (25.1% carbohydrate, 57.2% protein, and 17.7% fat as percentages of calories; n = 10) and the control diet-fed group (58.9% carbohydrate, 24.0% protein, and 17.1% fat; n = 10). After 4 weeks, all mice underwent the Y-maze test, followed by analyses of hippocampal mRNA and miRNA expressions. We revealed that feeding the LC-HP diet suppressed working memory function and hippocampal Igf1r mRNA levels in mice. Sequencing of hippocampal miRNA demonstrated 17 upregulated and 27 downregulated miRNAs in the LC-HP diet-fed mice. Notably, we found decreased hippocampal mRNA levels of low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 6 (Lrp6), a gene modulated by miR-539-3p, in mice fed the LC-HP diet. Furthermore, a significant positive correlation was observed between Lrp6 and Igf1r mRNA levels in the hippocampus. These findings suggest that LC-HP diets may suppress hippocampal function via the miR-539-3p/Lrp6/Igf1r axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeru Shima
- Department of Health and Physical EducationCooperative Faculty of EducationGunma UniversityMaebashiGunmaJapan
| | - Hayate Onishi
- Course of Biomedical Sciences in Graduate School of MedicineGunma UniversityMaebashiGunmaJapan
| | - Chiho Terashima
- Department of Health and Physical EducationCooperative Faculty of EducationGunma UniversityMaebashiGunmaJapan
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Niu F, Ma Y, Yuan X, Wang Y, Li S, Han T. The association of dietary protein intake in three meals and cognitive performance among people over sixty years old. J Alzheimers Dis Rep 2025; 9:25424823251342486. [PMID: 40406676 PMCID: PMC12095951 DOI: 10.1177/25424823251342486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2025] [Accepted: 04/28/2025] [Indexed: 05/26/2025] Open
Abstract
Background Cognitive dysfunction caused by aging is becoming increasingly significant, and despite increasing global attention to the prevention and treatment of cognitive impairment, effective treatment methods remain elusive, so changing lifestyle and dietary interventions are particularly important. Objective The aim of this study was to explore the effects of dietary protein intake on cognitive ability in the people aged over 60 years, and to provide new insights for the prevention and improvement of cognitive dysfunction in the elderly. Methods We conducted a cross-cutting study of 2649 older adults in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey database between 2011 and 2014, employing weighted logistic regression analysis to investigate the relationship between protein intake at three meals and cognitive capacity. Results In the fully adjusted model, compared to those in the lowest quantile, participants in the highest quintile of dinner protein intake had a lower risk of low cognitive performance (OR = 0.66, 95% CI 0.44-0.98 for Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's Disease; OR = 0.64, 95% CI 0.39-0.95 for Digit Symbol Substitution Test; OR = 0.56, 95% CI 0.36-0.88 for Composite z-score). Conclusions Our study suggests that cognitive performance may be related to dinner protein intake but not breakfast protein intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengru Niu
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Health, Ministry of Education, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, the National Key Discipline, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yifan Ma
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Health, Ministry of Education, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, the National Key Discipline, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xiaodi Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Health, Ministry of Education, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, the National Key Discipline, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Health, Ministry of Education, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, the National Key Discipline, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Shangying Li
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Health, Ministry of Education, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, the National Key Discipline, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Tianshu Han
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Health, Ministry of Education, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, the National Key Discipline, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- Department of Endocrinology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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Zhu Y, Lan Y, Lv J, Sun D, Li L, Zhang D, Yu C, Yue W. Association between dietary fat intake and the risk of Alzheimer's disease: Mendelian randomisation study. Br J Psychiatry 2025; 226:24-30. [PMID: 39391920 DOI: 10.1192/bjp.2024.163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Observational studies have shown a controversial relationship between dietary fat intake and Alzheimer's disease, and the causal effects are unclear. AIMS To assess the causal effects of total fat, saturated fat and polyunsaturated fat (PUF) intakes on the risk of Alzheimer's disease. METHOD A two-sample Mendelian randomisation analysis was performed using genome-wide association study summary statistics on different types of fat intake from UK Biobank (n = 51 413) and on late-onset Alzheimer's disease (LOAD; 4282 cases, n = 307 112) and all forms of Alzheimer's disease (6281 cases, n = 309 154) from the FinnGen consortium. In addition, a multivariable Mendelian randomisation (MVMR) analysis was conducted to estimate the effects independent of carbohydrate and protein intakes. RESULTS Genetically predicted per standard deviation increase in the total fat and saturated fat intakes were associated with 44 and 38% higher risks of LOAD (total fat: odds ratio = 1.44, 95% CI 1.03-2.02; saturated fat: odds ratio = 1.38, 95% CI 1.002-1.90; P = 0.049). The associations remained significant in the MVMR analysis (total fat: odds ratio = 3.31, 95% CI 1.74-6.29; saturated fat: odds ratio = 2.04, 95% CI 1.16-3.59). Total fat and saturated fat intakes were associated with a higher risk of all forms of Alzheimer's disease in the MVMR analysis (total fat: odds ratio = 2.09, 95% CI 1.22-3.57; saturated fat: odds ratio = 1.60, 95% CI 1.01-2.52). The PUF intake was not associated with LOAD or all forms of Alzheimer's disease. CONCLUSIONS This study indicated that total dietary fat intake, especially saturated fat, contributed to the risk of Alzheimer's disease, and the effects were independent of other nutrients. These findings informed prevention strategies and management for Alzheimer's disease directly towards reducing dietary saturated fat intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunqing Zhu
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China; and Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Beijing, China
| | - Yongbing Lan
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Lv
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China; Peking University Center for Public Health and Epidemic Preparedness & Response, Beijing, China; and Key Laboratory of Epidemiology of Major Diseases (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Dianjianyi Sun
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China; Peking University Center for Public Health and Epidemic Preparedness & Response, Beijing, China; and Key Laboratory of Epidemiology of Major Diseases (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Liming Li
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China; Peking University Center for Public Health and Epidemic Preparedness & Response, Beijing, China; and Key Laboratory of Epidemiology of Major Diseases (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Dai Zhang
- Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Beijing, China
| | - Canqing Yu
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China; Peking University Center for Public Health and Epidemic Preparedness & Response, Beijing, China; and Key Laboratory of Epidemiology of Major Diseases (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Weihua Yue
- Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Beijing, China; IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Peking University, Beijing, China; Research Unit of Diagnosis and Treatment of Mood Cognitive Disorder (2018RU006), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China; and Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing, China
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20
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Peng W, Yuan Y, Lei J, Zhao Y, Li Y, Qu Q, Wang J. Long-Term High-Fat Diet Impairs AQP4-Mediated Glymphatic Clearance of Amyloid Beta. Mol Neurobiol 2025; 62:1079-1093. [PMID: 38958889 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-04320-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
As a risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD), studies have demonstrated that long-term high-fat diet (HFD) could accelerate the deposition of amyloid beta (Aβ) in the brain. The glymphatic system plays a critical role in Aβ clearance from the brain. However, studies investigating the effects of long-term HFD on glymphatic function have reported paradoxical outcomes, and whether glymphatic dysfunction is involved in the disturbance of Aβ clearance in long-term HFD-fed mice has not been determined. In the present study, we injected fluorescently labeled Aβ into the hippocampus and found that Aβ clearance was decreased in HFD-fed mice. We found that long-term HFD-fed mice had decreased glymphatic function by injecting fluorescent tracers into the cisterna magna and corpus striatum. In long-term HFD-fed mice, aquaporin-4 (AQP4) polarization in the cortex was disrupted, and glymphatic clearance activity was positively correlated with the AQP4 polarization index. In HFD-fed mice, the disturbance of Aβ clearance from the hippocampus was exacerbated by TGN-020, a specific inhibitor of AQP4, whereas TGN-073, an enhancer of AQP4, ameliorated it. These findings suggest that long-term HFD disrupts Aβ clearance by inhibiting AQP4-mediated glymphatic function. The underlying mechanism may involve the disruption of AQP4 polarization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Peng
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 West Yanta Rd, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Ye Yuan
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 West Yanta Rd, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Jingna Lei
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 West Yanta Rd, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Yi Zhao
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 West Yanta Rd, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Yan Li
- Center for Brain Science, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Qiumin Qu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 West Yanta Rd, Xi'an, 710061, China.
- Center for Brain Science, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.
| | - Jin Wang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 West Yanta Rd, Xi'an, 710061, China.
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21
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Cotoia A, Charitos IA, Corriero A, Tamburrano S, Cinnella G. The Role of Macronutrients and Gut Microbiota in Neuroinflammation Post-Traumatic Brain Injury: A Narrative Review. Nutrients 2024; 16:4359. [PMID: 39770985 PMCID: PMC11677121 DOI: 10.3390/nu16244359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2024] [Revised: 12/07/2024] [Accepted: 12/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/11/2025] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) represents a multifaceted pathological condition resulting from external forces that disrupt neuronal integrity and function. This narrative review explores the intricate relationship between dietary macronutrients, gut microbiota (GM), and neuroinflammation in the TBI. We delineate the dual aspects of TBI: the immediate mechanical damage (primary injury) and the subsequent biological processes (secondary injury) that exacerbate neuronal damage. Dysregulation of the gut-brain axis emerges as a critical factor in the neuroinflammatory response, emphasizing the role of the GM in mediating immune responses. Recent evidence indicates that specific macronutrients, including lipids, proteins, and probiotics, can influence microbiota composition and in turn modulate neuroinflammation. Moreover, specialized dietary interventions may promote resilience against secondary insults and support neurological recovery post-TBI. This review aims to synthesize the current preclinical and clinical evidence on the potential of dietary strategies in mitigating neuroinflammatory pathways, suggesting that targeted nutrition and gut health optimization could serve as promising therapeutic modalities in TBI management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Cotoia
- Department of Intensive Care, University Hospital of Foggia, 71121 Foggia, Italy; (S.T.); (G.C.)
| | - Ioannis Alexandros Charitos
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Pneumology and Respiratory Rehabilitation Unit, “Istitute” of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy;
- Doctoral School on Applied Neurosciences, Dipartimento di Biomedicina Traslazionale e Neuroscienze (DiBraiN), University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70121 Bari, Italy
| | - Alberto Corriero
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine-ICU Section, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124 Bari, Italy;
| | - Stefania Tamburrano
- Department of Intensive Care, University Hospital of Foggia, 71121 Foggia, Italy; (S.T.); (G.C.)
| | - Gilda Cinnella
- Department of Intensive Care, University Hospital of Foggia, 71121 Foggia, Italy; (S.T.); (G.C.)
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22
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Faulkner P, Allen P, Costabile A, Schoemaker MH, Imakulata F, Hepsomali P. Greater resting state functional connectivity of the medial prefrontal cortex with the thalamus, caudate, and putamen in individuals who adhere to the Mediterranean style diets. Eur J Nutr 2024; 64:34. [PMID: 39607478 PMCID: PMC11604750 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-024-03548-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2024] [Accepted: 11/16/2024] [Indexed: 11/29/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Healthy diets are believed to be associated with a reduced risk of experiencing common mental disorders (CMDs) and related symptomatology (such as ruminative thinking), and with healthier brain chemistry and structure, especially in the frontal regions implicated in CMDs, cognitive control, and food choice. Nevertheless, there is very limited research on the relationship between diet health/quality and brain function. In this study we assessed the associations between adherence to the Mediterranean diet and resting state functional connectivity (rs-FC) of the prefrontal cortex (PFC) with the whole brain and whether this connectivity would be associated with ruminative thinking as a transdiagnostic factor for CMDs. METHODS Thirty-seven adults (Mean Age = 25.57, SD = 7.18) completed the Mediterranean Diet Adherence Screener (MEDAS) and were classified into high- and low-quality diet groups and completed the Ruminative Response Scale. All participants underwent resting-state functional MRI (fMRI) to determine whole-brain rs-FC of the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC). RESULTS Participants in the high MEDAS group (vs. low MEDAS group) exhibited significantly greater rs-FC of the mPFC seed with the thalamus, caudate and putamen. Additionally, the strength of rs-FC of the mPFC seed with these regions was positively associated with the MEDAS scores across groups in both crude and adjusted models. There were no significant associations between the strength of rs-FC of the mPFC seed with the cluster of voxels with the thalamus, caudate, and putamen and ruminative thinking. DISCUSSION This work shows that healthy dietary patterns are associated with rs-FC in the frontal-subcortical circuitry in healthy volunteers. Considering the implications of the dysregulation of this circuity, adhering to healthy dietary patterns may offer a promising alternative/complementary method to improve CMDs, cognitive control, and food choices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Faulkner
- School of Psychology, University of Roehampton, London, SW155 4JD, UK
| | - Paul Allen
- Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychology and Neuroscience, Kings College London, London, UK
| | - Adele Costabile
- School of Life and Health Sciences, University of Roehampton, London, SW155 4JD, UK
| | | | | | - Piril Hepsomali
- School of Psychology and Clinical Language Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, RG6 6ET, UK.
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23
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Lu L, Cai S, Xiao Q, Peng J, Li F, Li Y, Li B, Li T, Rong S. The association between Chinese adapted MIND diet and cognitive function in Chinese middle-aged and older adults: results from the Chinese Square Dance Cohort. Eur J Nutr 2024; 64:22. [PMID: 39579171 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-024-03522-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 10/01/2024] [Indexed: 11/25/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to assess the relationship between Chinese adapted MIND diet and cognitive functioning and performance in different cognitive domains across a cross-section of Chinese middle-aged and older adults. METHODS This cross-sectional study used baseline data from the Lifestyle and Healthy Ageing in Chinese Square Dancers study. Chinese adapted MIND diet scores were calculated from a detailed retrospective semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire assessment. By averaging the z-scores of Auditory Verbal Learning Test (AVLT), Verbal Fluency Test (VFT), Digital Symbol Substitution Test (DSST), and Trail Making Test-B (TMT-B), a comprehensive z-score is obtained to represent global cognition. Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) was diagnosed based on Petersen's criteria. Multiple linear regression models were used to analyze the relationship between Chinese adapted MIND diet scores and z-scores of cognitive functions, and multiple logistic regression models were used to assess the association between diet scores and MCI. RESULTS In this study, a total of 4335 participants were included, whose mean age was 63.61 years (SD = 5.15), 85.07% were female, and 13.33% (578/4335) of them had MCI. In the fully adjusted model, the group with the highest diet scores had the best cognitive function compared to the group with the lowest diet scores (P < 0.05), including global cognitive function (β = 0.10, 95% CI: 0.05, 0.15), AVLT (β = 0.12, 95% CI: 0.03, 0.20), VFT (β = 0.12, 95% CI: 0.03, 0.20), DSST (β = 0.07, 95% CI: 0.00, 0.14), and TMT-B (β =-0.10, 95% CI: -0.18, -0.01). In addition, compared to the lowest group, the highest diet scores group were associated with lower odd ratio of MCI (OR = 0.69, 95% CI: 0.51, 0.93). CONCLUSIONS Our findings support that higher adherence to Chinese adapted MIND diet is associated with better cognitive function and lower prevalence odds ratio for MCI in a Chinese middle-aged and older population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Likang Lu
- Academy of Nutrition and Health, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, School of Public Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology; Hongshan Central Hospital Affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430065, China
| | - Silong Cai
- Academy of Nutrition and Health, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, School of Public Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology; Hongshan Central Hospital Affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430065, China
| | - Qing Xiao
- Academy of Nutrition and Health, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, School of Public Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology; Hongshan Central Hospital Affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430065, China
| | - Jianying Peng
- Academy of Nutrition and Health, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, School of Public Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology; Hongshan Central Hospital Affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430065, China
| | - Fengping Li
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001, China
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Wuhan University; Research Center of Public Health, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001, China
| | - Benchao Li
- Academy of Nutrition and Health, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, School of Public Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology; Hongshan Central Hospital Affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430065, China
| | - Tingting Li
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001, China
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Wuhan University; Research Center of Public Health, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Shuang Rong
- Academy of Nutrition and Health, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, School of Public Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology; Hongshan Central Hospital Affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430065, China.
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001, China.
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Wuhan University; Research Center of Public Health, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China.
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24
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Schneider E, Balasubramanian R, Ferri A, Cotter PD, Clarke G, Cryan JF. Fibre & fermented foods: differential effects on the microbiota-gut-brain axis. Proc Nutr Soc 2024:1-16. [PMID: 39449646 DOI: 10.1017/s0029665124004907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2024]
Abstract
The ability to manipulate brain function through the communication between the microorganisms in the gastrointestinal tract and the brain along the gut-brain axis has emerged as a potential option to improve cognitive and emotional health. Dietary composition and patterns have demonstrated a robust capacity to modulate the microbiota-gut-brain axis. With their potential to possess pre-, pro-, post-, and synbiotic properties, dietary fibre and fermented foods stand out as potent shapers of the gut microbiota and subsequent signalling to the brain. Despite this potential, few studies have directly examined the mechanisms that might explain the beneficial action of dietary fibre and fermented foods on the microbiota-gut-brain axis, thus limiting insight and treatments for brain dysfunction. Herein, we evaluate the differential effects of dietary fibre and fermented foods from whole food sources on cognitive and emotional functioning. Potential mediating effects of dietary fibre and fermented foods on brain health via the microbiota-gut-brain axis are described. Although more multimodal research that combines psychological assessments and biological sampling to compare each food type is needed, the evidence accumulated to date suggests that dietary fibre, fermented foods, and/or their combination within a psychobiotic diet can be a cost-effective and convenient approach to improve cognitive and emotional functioning across the lifespan.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ramya Balasubramanian
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- Food Biosciences Department, Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Cork, Ireland
| | - Aimone Ferri
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Paul D Cotter
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- Food Biosciences Department, Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Cork, Ireland
| | - Gerard Clarke
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurobehavioural Science, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - John F Cryan
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
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25
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Meernik C, Eilat-Adar S, Leonard D, Barlow CE, Gerber Y, Tesler R, Byker Shanks C, Pettee Gabriel K, Pavlovic A, DeFina LF, Shuval K. Dietary patterns and cardiorespiratory fitness in midlife and subsequent all-cause dementia: findings from the cooper center longitudinal study. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2024; 21:109. [PMID: 39334147 PMCID: PMC11428374 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-024-01663-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 09/18/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Identifying lifestyle factors that independently or jointly lower dementia risk is a public health priority given the limited treatment options available to patients. In this cohort study, we examined the associations between Mediterranean or Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet adherence and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) with later-life dementia, and assessed whether the associations between dietary pattern and dementia are modified by CRF. METHODS Data are from 9,095 adults seeking preventive care at the Cooper Clinic (1987-1999) who completed a 3-day dietary record and a maximal exercise test. Alzheimer's disease and related disorders or senile dementia (i.e., all-cause dementia) was identified from Medicare administrative claims (1999-2019). Illness-death models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the associations between Mediterranean or DASH diet adherence (primary exposure), CRF (secondary exposure), and all-cause dementia, adjusted for demographic and clinical factors. An interaction term was included between diet score and CRF to assess effect modification by CRF. RESULTS The mean age at baseline was 50.6 (standard deviation [SD]: 8.4) years, and a majority of the study sample were men (77.5%) and White (96.4%). 1449 cases of all-cause dementia were identified over a mean follow-up of 9.2 (SD: 5.8) years. Neither Mediterranean nor DASH diet adherence was associated with dementia risk in fully adjusted models (HR per SD of Mediterranean diet score: 1.00, 95% CI: 0.94, 1.05; HR per SD of DASH diet score: 1.02, 95% CI: 0.96, 1.08). However, participants with higher CRF had a decreased hazard of dementia (HR, per metabolic equivalent of task [MET] increase, Mediterranean model: 0.95, 95% CI: 0.92, 0.98; HR, per MET increase, DASH model: 0.96, 95% CI: 0.92, 0.97). No effect modification by CRF was observed in the association between diet and dementia. CONCLUSIONS In this sample of apparently healthy middle-aged adults seeking preventive care, higher CRF at midlife was associated with a lower risk of all-cause dementia, though adherence to a Mediterranean or DASH diet was not, and CRF did not modify the diet-dementia association. CRF should be emphasized in multimodal interventions for dementia prevention and investigated among diverse samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clare Meernik
- The Cooper Institute, 12330 Preston Rd, Dallas, TX, 75230, USA.
| | - Sigal Eilat-Adar
- Levinsky-Wingate Academic College, Netanya, Israel
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - David Leonard
- The Cooper Institute, 12330 Preston Rd, Dallas, TX, 75230, USA
| | | | - Yariv Gerber
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Riki Tesler
- Department of Health Systems Management, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel
| | | | - Kelley Pettee Gabriel
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | | | - Laura F DeFina
- The Cooper Institute, 12330 Preston Rd, Dallas, TX, 75230, USA
| | - Kerem Shuval
- The Cooper Institute, 12330 Preston Rd, Dallas, TX, 75230, USA
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26
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Jan A, Shah M, Shah SA, Habib SH, Ehtesham E, Ahmed N. Melatonin rescues pregnant female mice and their juvenile offspring from high fat diet-induced alzheimer disease neuropathy. Heliyon 2024; 10:e36921. [PMID: 39281480 PMCID: PMC11395765 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e36921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 08/19/2024] [Accepted: 08/23/2024] [Indexed: 09/18/2024] Open
Abstract
High fat diet (HFD) is a prime factor, which contributes to the present epidemic of metabolic syndrome. Prolonged intake of HFD induces oxidative stress (OS) that in turn causes neuroinflammation, neurodegeneration, insulin resistance, amyloid burden, synaptic dysfunction and cognitive impairment hence leading to Alzheimer's disease neuropathy. Melatonin (secreted by the Pineal gland) has the potential to nullify the toxic effects of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and have been shown to ameliorate various complications induced by HFD in rodent models. This study aimed to assess the neurotherapeutic effects of melatonin on HFD-induced neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration mediated by OS in pregnant female mice and their offspring. Western blotting, immunohistochemistry and antioxidant enzyme assays were used for quantification of samples from the hippocampal region of the brain of pregnant albino mice and their offspring. Short- and long-term memory was assessed by Y-maze and Morris Water Maze tests. HFD significantly induced OS leading to AD like neuropathology in the pregnant mice and their offspring while melatonin administration simultaneously with the HFD significantly prevented this neuropathy. This study reports that melatonin exerts these effects through the stimulation of SIRT1/Nrf2/HO-1 pathway that in turn reduces the HFD-induced OS and its downstream signaling. In conclusion melatonin prevents HFD-induced multiple complications that ultimately leads to the memory dysfunction in pregnant female mice and their successive generation via activation of SIRT1/Nrf2 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amin Jan
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Mohsin Shah
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Shahid Ali Shah
- Department of Biochemistry, Haripur University, Haripur, Pakistan
| | - Syed Hamid Habib
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Ehtesham Ehtesham
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Naseer Ahmed
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, Pakistan
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27
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Zilkha N, Chuartzman SG, Fishman R, Ben-Dor S, Kimchi T. Maternal high-fat or low-protein diets promote autism-related behavior and altered social behavior within groups in offspring male mice. Sci Rep 2024; 14:19227. [PMID: 39164365 PMCID: PMC11336096 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-70062-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 08/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Maternal malnutrition has been associated with neurodevelopmental deficits and long-term implications on the offspring's health and behavior. Here, we investigated the effects of maternal low-protein diet (LPD) or obesity-inducing maternal high-fat diet (HFD) on dyadic social interactions, group organization and autism-related behaviors in mice. We found that maternal HFD induced an autism-related behavioral phenotype in the male offspring, including a robust decrease in sociability, increased aggression, cognitive rigidity and repetitive behaviors. Maternal LPD led to a milder yet significant effect on autism-related symptoms, with no effects on olfactory-mediated social behavior. Under naturalistic conditions in a group setting, this manifested in altered behavioral repertoires, increased magnitude in dominance relations, and reduced interactions with novel social stimuli in the HFD male offspring, but not in the LPD offspring. Finally, we found HFD-induced transcriptomic changes in the olfactory bulbs of the male offspring. Together, our findings show that maternal malnutrition induces long-lasting effects on aggression and autism-related behaviors in male offspring, and potential impairments in brain regions processing chemosensory signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noga Zilkha
- Department of Brain Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100, Rehovot, Israel
| | | | - Ruth Fishman
- Department of Brain Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Shifra Ben-Dor
- Department of Life Sciences Core Facilities, Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Tali Kimchi
- Department of Brain Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100, Rehovot, Israel.
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28
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Huang J, Rong R, Ma ZF, Chen Y. Trajectory Patterns of Macronutrient Intake and Their Associations with Obesity, Diabetes, and All-Cause Mortality: A Longitudinal Analysis over 25 Years. Nutrients 2024; 16:2567. [PMID: 39125446 PMCID: PMC11314385 DOI: 10.3390/nu16152567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2024] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Over the past decades, China has been undergoing rapid economic growth, which may have significantly influenced the dietary patterns and health status of the Chinese population. Our study aimed to assess the associations of potential macronutrient trajectory patterns with chronic diseases and all-cause mortality using the latent class trajectory model (LCTM) and the longitudinal data of the China Health and Nutrition Survey obtained between 1991 and 2015. A 24-hour diet recall was used to assess the dietary intake. The Poisson regression model was employed to investigate the correlations between trajectory patterns and chronic diseases and all-cause mortality. A total of 8115 participants were included in the final analysis. We explored four and three trajectory patterns for male and female populations, respectively. We found that a decreasing very high-carbohydrate trajectory together with a U-shape protein trajectory was associated with a higher risk of diabetes in the male population (odds ratio (OR): 2.23; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.31-3.77). A similar pattern for moderate protein intake was also associated with the risk of diabetes in the female population (OR: 1.82; 95% CI: 1.18-2.79). In addition, we show that a decreasing low-carbohydrate trajectory and an increasing high-fat trajectory were associated with a lower risk of all-cause mortality (OR: 0.76; 95% CI: 0.60-0.96) and a higher risk of obesity (OR: 1.24; 95% CI: 1.05-1.47) in males. Our results shed light on some salient nutritional problems in China, particularly the dual challenges of undernutrition and overnutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingxian Huang
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Science, Xi’an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou 215123, China;
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Rong Rong
- Department of Health Policy and Management, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA;
| | - Zheng Feei Ma
- Centre for Public Health and Wellbeing, School of Health and Social Wellbeing, College of Health, Science and Society, University of the West of England, Bristol BS16 1QY, UK;
| | - Ying Chen
- Wisdom Lake Academy of Pharmacy, Xi’an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou 215123, China
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Griffen C, Cullen T, Hattersley J, Weickert MO, Dallaway A, Duncan M, Renshaw D. Effects of resistance exercise and whey protein supplementation on cognitive function in older men: secondary analysis of a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Exp Gerontol 2024; 193:112477. [PMID: 38844183 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2024.112477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Ageing is associated with cognitive decline. This study investigated the individual and combined effects of resistance exercise (RE) and whey protein supplementation (PRO) on cognitive function in older men. METHODS In a pooled-groups analysis, 36 older men (age: 67 ± 4 years) were randomised to either RE (2 x/week; n = 18) or no exercise (NE; n = 18), and either PRO (2 × 25 g/d whey protein isolate; n = 18) or control (CON, 2 × 23.75 g maltodextrin/d; n = 18). A sub-analysis was also conducted between RE + CON (n = 9) and RE + PRO (n = 9). At baseline and 12 weeks, participants completed a battery of neuropsychological tests (CANTAB; Cambridge Cognition, UK) and neurobiological, inflammatory, salivary cortisol and insulin sensitivity biomarkers were quantified. RESULTS PRO improved executive function z-score (+0.31 ± 0.08) greater than CON (+0.06 ± 0.08, P = 0.03) and there was a trend towards improved global cognitive function (P = 0.053). RE and RE + PRO did not improve any cognitive function domains (p ≥ 0.07). RE decreased tumor necrosis factor-alpha (P = 0.02) and interleukin-6 (P = 0.048) concentrations compared to NE, but changes in biomarkers did not correlate with changes in cognitive domains. Muscle strength (r = 0.34, P = 0.045) and physical function (ρ = 0.35-0.51, P < 0.05) outcomes positively correlated with cognitive function domains at baseline, but only Δskeletal muscle index correlated with Δepisodic memory (r = 0.34, P = 0.046) following the intervention. CONCLUSION In older men, PRO improved cognitive function, most notably executive functioning. RE did not improve any cognitive function domains but did decrease biomarkers of systemic inflammation. No synergistic effects were observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corbin Griffen
- Centre for Health and Life Sciences, Coventry University, Coventry CV1 2DS, United Kingdom; Human Metabolism Research Unit, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry CV2 2DX, United Kingdom.
| | - Tom Cullen
- Centre for Physical Activity, Sport and Exercise Sciences, Coventry University, Coventry CV1 2DS, United Kingdom
| | - John Hattersley
- Centre for Health and Life Sciences, Coventry University, Coventry CV1 2DS, United Kingdom; Human Metabolism Research Unit, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry CV2 2DX, United Kingdom; School of Engineering, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7HL, United Kingdom
| | - Martin O Weickert
- Centre for Health and Life Sciences, Coventry University, Coventry CV1 2DS, United Kingdom; Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry CV2 2DX, United Kingdom; Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom; School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Coventry University, Coventry CV1 2DS, United Kingdom
| | - Alexander Dallaway
- Centre for Health and Life Sciences, Coventry University, Coventry CV1 2DS, United Kingdom; Human Metabolism Research Unit, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry CV2 2DX, United Kingdom; Warwickshire Institute for the Study of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism (WISDEM), University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry CV2 2DX, United Kingdom
| | - Michael Duncan
- Centre for Physical Activity, Sport and Exercise Sciences, Coventry University, Coventry CV1 2DS, United Kingdom; School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Coventry University, Coventry CV1 2DS, United Kingdom
| | - Derek Renshaw
- Centre for Health and Life Sciences, Coventry University, Coventry CV1 2DS, United Kingdom
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Schneider E, O'Riordan KJ, Clarke G, Cryan JF. Feeding gut microbes to nourish the brain: unravelling the diet-microbiota-gut-brain axis. Nat Metab 2024; 6:1454-1478. [PMID: 39174768 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-024-01108-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 08/24/2024]
Abstract
The prevalence of brain disorders, including stress-related neuropsychiatric disorders and conditions with cognitive dysfunction, is rising. Poor dietary habits contribute substantially to this accelerating trend. Conversely, healthy dietary intake supports mood and cognitive performance. Recently, the communication between the microorganisms within the gastrointestinal tract and the brain along the gut-brain axis has gained prominence as a potential tractable target to modulate brain health. The composition and function of the gut microbiota is robustly influenced by dietary factors to alter gut-brain signalling. To reflect this interconnection between diet, gut microbiota and brain functioning, we propose that a diet-microbiota-gut-brain axis exists that underpins health and well-being. In this Review, we provide a comprehensive overview of the interplay between diet and gut microbiota composition and function and the implications for cognition and emotional functioning. Important diet-induced effects on the gut microbiota for the development, prevention and maintenance of neuropsychiatric disorders are described. The diet-microbiota-gut-brain axis represents an uncharted frontier for brain health diagnostics and therapeutics across the lifespan.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Gerard Clarke
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurobehavioural Science, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - John F Cryan
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
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Xu J, Xie L, Yin J, Shi X, Dong K, Tao J, Xu W, Ma D, Zhang S, Chen J, Yang Y. A High-Carbohydrate Diet Induces Cognitive Impairment and Promotes Amyloid Burden and Tau Phosphorylation via PI3K/Akt/GSK-3β Pathway in db/db Mice. Biomedicines 2024; 12:1701. [PMID: 39200168 PMCID: PMC11351503 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12081701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2024] [Revised: 07/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 09/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cognitive impairment is a prevalent complication of type 2 diabetes, influenced significantly by various dietary patterns. High-carbohydrate diets (HCDs) are commonly consumed nowadays; however, the specific impact of HCDs on cognitive function in diabetes remains unclear. METHODS The objective of this study was to investigate whether an HCD has effects on cognition in diabetes. Eight-week-old diabetic (db/db) mice and wild-type (WT) mice underwent a twelve-week dietary intervention, including a normal diet (ND), an HCD, or a high-fat diet (HFD). Following this, behavioral tests were conducted, and related hippocampal pathology was evaluated. RESULTS Our results demonstrated that an HCD exacerbated cognitive decline in db/db mice compared to an ND. Additionally, an HCD increased amyloid-β burden and expression of β-site APP cleaving enzyme-1. An HCD was also found to promote the phosphorylation of tau protein via the PI3K/Akt/GSK-3β pathway. Furthermore, an HCD markedly induced neuroinflammation and increased the quantity of microglia and astrocytes. However, these damages induced by an HCD were less severe than those caused by an HFD. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, our findings indicate that a high intake of carbohydrates can have an adverse impact on cognitive function in diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialu Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Lei Xie
- Department of Endocrinology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Jiaxin Yin
- Department of Endocrinology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Xiaoli Shi
- Department of Endocrinology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Kun Dong
- Department of Endocrinology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Jing Tao
- Department of Endocrinology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Weijie Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Delin Ma
- Department of Endocrinology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Shujun Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Juan Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Yan Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Wuhan 430030, China
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Liu P, Wang J, Mei P, Li J, Xu B, Ren X, Chen X, Wu D, Zhu F, Yang X, He M, Liu J, Huang H. The interaction effect of metals exposure and dietary habit on cognitive function in Chinese older adult cohort. J Nutr Health Aging 2024; 28:100284. [PMID: 38833765 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnha.2024.100284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND As the important factors in cognitive function, dietary habits and metal exposures are interactive with each other. However, fewer studies have investigated the interaction effect of them on cognitive dysfunction in older adults. METHODS 2,445 registered citizens aged 60-85 years from 51 community health centers in Luohu District, Shenzhen, were recruited in this study based on the Chinese older adult cohort. All subjects underwent physical examination and Mini-cognitive assessment scale. A semi quantitative food frequency questionnaire was used to obtain their food intake frequency, and 21 metal concentrations in their urine were measured. RESULTS Elastic-net regression model, a machine learning technique, identified six variables that were significantly associated with cognitive dysfunction in older adults. These variables included education level, gender, urinary concentration of arsenic (As) and cadmium (Cd), and the frequency of monthly intake of egg and bean products. After adjusting for multiple factors, As and Cd concentrations were positively associated with increased risk of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in the older people, with OR values of 1.19 (95% CI: 1.05-1.42) and 1.32 (95% CI: 1.01-1.74), respectively. In addition, older adults with high frequency of egg intake (≥30 times/month) and bean products intake (≥8 times/month) had a reduced risk of MCI than those with low protein egg intake (<30 times/month) and low bean products intake (<8 times/month), respectively. Furthermore, additive interaction were observed between the As exposure and egg products intake, as well as bean products. Cd exposure also showed additive interactions with egg and bean products intake. CONCLUSIONS The consumption of eggs and bean products, as well as the levels of exposure to the heavy metals Cd and As, have been shown to have a substantial influence on cognitive impairment in the elderly population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiyi Liu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Shenzhen Medical Key Discipline of Health Toxicology, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Jiahui Wang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Shenzhen Medical Key Discipline of Health Toxicology, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Pengcheng Mei
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Shenzhen Medical Key Discipline of Health Toxicology, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Junyu Li
- Food Inspection and Quarantine Technology Center of Shenzhen Customs, Shenzhen, 518033, China
| | - Benhong Xu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Shenzhen Medical Key Discipline of Health Toxicology, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Xiaohu Ren
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Shenzhen Medical Key Discipline of Health Toxicology, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Xiao Chen
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Shenzhen Medical Key Discipline of Health Toxicology, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Desheng Wu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Shenzhen Medical Key Discipline of Health Toxicology, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Feiqi Zhu
- Cognitive Impairment Ward of Neurology Department, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Medical College, Shenzhen, 518020, China
| | - Xifei Yang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Shenzhen Medical Key Discipline of Health Toxicology, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Meian He
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Rd, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Jianjun Liu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Shenzhen Medical Key Discipline of Health Toxicology, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
| | - Haiyan Huang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Shenzhen Medical Key Discipline of Health Toxicology, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
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Benvenuti L, Di Salvo C, Bellini G, Seguella L, Rettura F, Esposito G, Antonioli L, Ceravolo R, Bernardini N, Pellegrini C, Fornai M. Gut-directed therapy in Parkinson's disease. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1407925. [PMID: 38974034 PMCID: PMC11224490 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1407925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common and slow-progressing neurodegenerative disorder characterized by motor and non-motor symptoms, including gastrointestinal (GI) dysfunctions. Over the last years, the microbiota-gut-brain (MGB) axis is emerging as a bacterial-neuro-immune ascending pathway that contributes to the progression of PD. Indeed, PD patients are characterized by changes in gut microbiota composition, alterations of intestinal epithelial barrier (IEB) and enteric neurogenic/inflammatory responses that, besides determining intestinal disturbances, contribute to brain pathology. In this context, despite the causal relationship between gut dysbiosis, impaired MGB axis and PD remains to be elucidated, emerging evidence shows that MGB axis modulation can represent a suitable therapeutical strategy for the treatment of PD. This review provides an overview of the available knowledge about the beneficial effects of gut-directed therapies, including dietary interventions, prebiotics, probiotics, synbiotics and fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), in both PD patients and animal models. In this context, particular attention has been devoted to the mechanisms by which the modulation of MGB axis could halt or slow down PD pathology and, most importantly, how these approaches can be included in the clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Benvenuti
- Unit of Pharmacology and Pharmacovigilance, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Clelia Di Salvo
- Unit of Pharmacology and Pharmacovigilance, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Gabriele Bellini
- Unit of Neurology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Luisa Seguella
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology “V.Erspamer”, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Rettura
- Unit of Gastroenterology, Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Esposito
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology “V.Erspamer”, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Luca Antonioli
- Unit of Pharmacology and Pharmacovigilance, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Roberto Ceravolo
- Unit of Neurology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Nunzia Bernardini
- Unit of Histology and Medical Embryology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Carolina Pellegrini
- Unit of Histology and Medical Embryology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Matteo Fornai
- Unit of Pharmacology and Pharmacovigilance, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
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Konkolÿ Thege B, Kinzel E, Hartmann-Boyce J, Choy O. PROTOCOL: The efficacy of nutritional interventions in reducing childhood/youth aggressive and antisocial behavior: A systematic review and meta-analysis. CAMPBELL SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS 2024; 20:e1400. [PMID: 38638327 PMCID: PMC11024636 DOI: 10.1002/cl2.1400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
This is a protocol for a Campbell systematic review of intervention effectiveness. The goal of this systematic review is to answer the following questions based on the available empirical evidence: Are there nutritional interventions (dietary manipulation, fortification or supplementation) that can reduce excessive aggression towards others in children/youth? If yes, how strong is their effect and is there a difference among the three intervention types? Are there nutritional interventions that can reduce antisocial behaviors in children/youth? If yes, how strong is their effect and is there a difference among the intervention types? Are there nutritional interventions that can reduce violent offending in children/youth? If yes, how strong is their effect and is there a difference among the intervention types? Are there nutritional interventions that can reduce non-violent offending in children/youth? If yes, how strong is their effect and is there a difference among the intervention types? What implementation barriers and solutions to these exist in relation to the above nutritional interventions in children/youth?
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Affiliation(s)
- Barna Konkolÿ Thege
- Waypoint Centre for Mental Health Care Waypoint Research Institute Penetanguishene Canada
- Department of Psychiatry University of Toronto, Temerty Faculty of Medicine Toronto Canada
| | - Eden Kinzel
- Gerstein Science Information Centre University of Toronto Toronto Canada
| | - Jamie Hartmann-Boyce
- Department of Health Policy and Promotion University of Massachusetts Amherst Amherst USA
| | - Olivia Choy
- School of Social Sciences Nanyang Technological University Singapore Singapore
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Wang X, Pang Q, Hu J, Luo B, Lu Y, Sun X, Meng S, Jiang Q. Cognitive decline in Sprague-Dawley rats induced by neuroplasticity changes after occlusal support loss. CNS Neurosci Ther 2024; 30:e14750. [PMID: 38898731 PMCID: PMC11187409 DOI: 10.1111/cns.14750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tooth loss is closely related to cognitive impairment, especially affecting cognitive functions involving hippocampus. The most well-known function of the hippocampus is learning and memory, and the mechanism behind is neuroplasticity, which strongly depends on the level of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). While research has delved into the possible mechanisms behind the loss of teeth leading to cognitive dysfunction, there are few studies on the plasticity of sensory neural pathway after tooth loss, and the changes in related indicators of synaptic plasticity still need to be further explored. METHODS In this study, the bilateral maxillary molars were extracted in Sprague-Dawley rats of two age ranges (young and middle age) to establish occlusal support loss model; then, the spatial cognition was tested by Morris Water Maze (MWM). Quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) and Western Blotting (WB) were used to detect BDNF, AKT, and functional proteins (viz., PSD95 and NMDAR) of hippocampal synapses. Golgi staining was used to observe changes in ascending nerve pathway. IF was used to confirm the location of BDNF and AKT expressed in hippocampus. RESULTS MWM showed that the spatial cognitive level of rats dropped after occlusal support loss. qPCR, WB, and IF suggested that the BDNF/AKT pathway was down-regulated in the hippocampus. Golgi staining showed the neurons of ascending sensory pathway decreased in numbers. CONCLUSION Occlusal support loss caused plastic changes in ascending nerve pathway and induced cognitive impairment in rats by down-regulating BDNF and synaptic plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Wang
- School of StomatologyCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Qian Pang
- Department of Prosthodontics, Beijing Stomatological HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Jiangqi Hu
- Department of Prosthodontics, Beijing Stomatological HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Bin Luo
- Department of Prosthodontics, Beijing Stomatological HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Yunping Lu
- Department of Prosthodontics, Beijing Stomatological HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Xu Sun
- School of StomatologyCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Shixiang Meng
- School of StomatologyCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Qingsong Jiang
- Department of Prosthodontics, Beijing Stomatological HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
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Thunborg C, Wang R, Rosenberg A, Sindi S, Andersen P, Andrieu S, Broersen LM, Coley N, Couderc C, Duval CZ, Faxen-Irving G, Hagman G, Hallikainen M, Håkansson K, Kekkonen E, Lehtisalo J, Levak N, Mangialasche F, Pantel J, Rydström A, Stigsdotter-Neely A, Wimo A, Ngandu T, Soininen H, Hartmann T, Solomon A, Kivipelto M. Integrating a multimodal lifestyle intervention with medical food in prodromal Alzheimer's disease: the MIND-AD mini randomized controlled trial. Alzheimers Res Ther 2024; 16:118. [PMID: 38812047 PMCID: PMC11138035 DOI: 10.1186/s13195-024-01468-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Finnish Geriatric Intervention Study to Prevent Cognitive Impairment and Disability (FINGER) showed cognitive benefits from a multidomain lifestyle intervention in at-risk older people. The LipiDiDiet trial highlighted benefits of medical food in prodromal Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the feasibility and impact of multimodal interventions combining lifestyle with medical food in prodromal AD is unclear. METHODS MIND-ADmini was a 6-month multinational (Sweden, Finland, Germany, France) proof-of-concept randomized controlled trial (RCT). Participants were 60-85 years old, had prodromal AD (International Working Group-1 criteria), and vascular/lifestyle risk factors. The parallel-group RCT had three arms: multimodal lifestyle intervention (nutritional guidance, exercise, cognitive training, vascular/metabolic risk management and social stimulation); multimodal lifestyle intervention + medical food (Fortasyn Connect); and regular health advice/care (control). Participants were randomized 1:1:1 (computer-generated allocation at each site). Outcome evaluators were blinded to randomization. Primary outcome was feasibility of the multimodal intervention, evaluated by recruitment rate during a 6-month recruitment phase, overall adherence in each intervention arm, and 6-month retention rate. Successful adherence was pre-specified as attending ≥ 40% of sessions/domain in ≥ 2/4 domains (lifestyle intervention), and consuming ≥ 60% of the medical food (lifestyle intervention + medical food). The secondary outcomes included adherence/participation to each intervention component and overall adherence to healthy lifestyle changes, measured using a composite score for healthy lifestyle. Cognitive assessments were included as exploratory outcomes, e.g. Clinical Dementia Rating scale. RESULTS During September 2017-May 2019, 93 individuals were randomized (32 lifestyle intervention, 31 lifestyle + medical food, and 30 control group). Overall recruitment rate was 76.2% (64.8% during the first 6 months). Overall 6-month retention rate was 91.4% (lifestyle intervention 87.5%; lifestyle + medical food 90.3%; control 96.7%). Domain-specific adherence in the lifestyle intervention group was 71.9% to cognitive training, 78.1% exercise, 68.8% nutritional guidance, and 81.3% vascular risk management; and in the lifestyle + medical food group, 90.3% to cognitive training, 87.1% exercise, 80.7% nutritional guidance, 87.1% vascular risk management, and 87.1% medical food. Compared with control, both intervention arms showed healthy diet improvements (βLifestyle×Time = 1.11, P = 0.038; βLifestyle+medical food×Time = 1.43, P = 0.007); the lifestyle + medical food group also showed vascular risk reduction (P = 0.043) and less cognitive-functional decline (P < 0.05, exploratory analysis). There were 5 serious adverse events (control group: 1; lifestyle intervention: 3; lifestyle + medical food: 1) unrelated to interventions. CONCLUSIONS The multidomain lifestyle intervention, alone or combined with medical food, had good feasibility and adherence in prodromal AD. Longer-term cognitive and other health benefits should be further investigated in a larger-scale trial. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03249688.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotta Thunborg
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Center for Alzheimer Research QA32, Karolinska Institute, Karolinska Vägen 37 A, Solna, 171 64, Sweden
- Theme Inflammation and Aging, Karolinska University Hospital, Karolinska Vägen 37 A, Solna, Stockholm, 171 64, Sweden
- Department of Caring Sciences, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Gävle, 801 76, Sweden
| | - Rui Wang
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Center for Alzheimer Research QA32, Karolinska Institute, Karolinska Vägen 37 A, Solna, 171 64, Sweden
- Department of Physical Activity and Health, the Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, Stockholm, SE-114 86, Sweden
- Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, 600 Highland Ave J5/1 Mezzanine, Madison, WI, 53792, USA
| | - Anna Rosenberg
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Center for Alzheimer Research QA32, Karolinska Institute, Karolinska Vägen 37 A, Solna, 171 64, Sweden
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 8, Kuopio, 70210, Finland
| | - Shireen Sindi
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Center for Alzheimer Research QA32, Karolinska Institute, Karolinska Vägen 37 A, Solna, 171 64, Sweden
- The Ageing Epidemiology (AGE) Research Unit, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, St Mary's Hospital, Norfolk Place, London, W2 1PG, UK
| | - Pia Andersen
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Center for Alzheimer Research QA32, Karolinska Institute, Karolinska Vägen 37 A, Solna, 171 64, Sweden
- Theme Inflammation and Aging, Karolinska University Hospital, Karolinska Vägen 37 A, Solna, Stockholm, 171 64, Sweden
| | - Sandrine Andrieu
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Public Health, CHU de Toulouse, and Aging Research Team, CERPOP Inserm UMR 1295, Jules Guesde, Toulouse, 31000, France
- IHU HealthAge, Toulouse, 31059, France
| | | | - Nicola Coley
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Public Health, CHU de Toulouse, and Aging Research Team, CERPOP Inserm UMR 1295, Jules Guesde, Toulouse, 31000, France
- IHU HealthAge, Toulouse, 31059, France
| | - Celine Couderc
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Public Health, CHU de Toulouse, and Aging Research Team, CERPOP Inserm UMR 1295, Jules Guesde, Toulouse, 31000, France
| | - Celine Z Duval
- German Institute for Dementia Prevention (DIDP), Saarland University, Homburg, 66424, Germany
- Institute of General Practice, Goethe University Frankfurt a.M, Frankfurt, 60590, Germany
| | - Gerd Faxen-Irving
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Center for Alzheimer Research QA32, Karolinska Institute, Karolinska Vägen 37 A, Solna, 171 64, Sweden
| | - Göran Hagman
- Theme Inflammation and Aging, Karolinska University Hospital, Karolinska Vägen 37 A, Solna, Stockholm, 171 64, Sweden
| | - Merja Hallikainen
- The Ageing Epidemiology (AGE) Research Unit, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, St Mary's Hospital, Norfolk Place, London, W2 1PG, UK
| | - Krister Håkansson
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Center for Alzheimer Research QA32, Karolinska Institute, Karolinska Vägen 37 A, Solna, 171 64, Sweden
- Theme Inflammation and Aging, Karolinska University Hospital, Karolinska Vägen 37 A, Solna, Stockholm, 171 64, Sweden
- Stockholm Gerontology Research Center, Tomtebodavägen 18a, Solna, 171 65, Sweden
| | - Eija Kekkonen
- The Ageing Epidemiology (AGE) Research Unit, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, St Mary's Hospital, Norfolk Place, London, W2 1PG, UK
| | - Jenni Lehtisalo
- The Ageing Epidemiology (AGE) Research Unit, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, St Mary's Hospital, Norfolk Place, London, W2 1PG, UK
- Population Health Unit, Department of Public Health and Welfare, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Mannerheimintie 166, P.O. Box 30, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Nicholas Levak
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Center for Alzheimer Research QA32, Karolinska Institute, Karolinska Vägen 37 A, Solna, 171 64, Sweden
- Theme Inflammation and Aging, Karolinska University Hospital, Karolinska Vägen 37 A, Solna, Stockholm, 171 64, Sweden
| | - Francesca Mangialasche
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Center for Alzheimer Research QA32, Karolinska Institute, Karolinska Vägen 37 A, Solna, 171 64, Sweden
| | - Johannes Pantel
- German Institute for Dementia Prevention (DIDP), Saarland University, Homburg, 66424, Germany
- Institute of General Practice, Goethe University Frankfurt a.M, Frankfurt, 60590, Germany
| | - Anders Rydström
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Center for Alzheimer Research QA32, Karolinska Institute, Karolinska Vägen 37 A, Solna, 171 64, Sweden
| | - Anna Stigsdotter-Neely
- Department of Social and Psychological Studies, Karlstad University, Karlstad, 651 88, Sweden
- Engineering Psychology, Luleå University of Technology, Luleå, 971 87, Sweden
| | - Anders Wimo
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Center for Alzheimer Research QA32, Karolinska Institute, Karolinska Vägen 37 A, Solna, 171 64, Sweden
| | - Tiia Ngandu
- Population Health Unit, Department of Public Health and Welfare, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Mannerheimintie 166, P.O. Box 30, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Hilkka Soininen
- The Ageing Epidemiology (AGE) Research Unit, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, St Mary's Hospital, Norfolk Place, London, W2 1PG, UK
| | - Tobias Hartmann
- German Institute for Dementia Prevention (DIDP), Saarland University, Homburg, 66424, Germany
- Department of Experimental Neurology, Medical Faculty, Saarland University, Homburg, 66424, Germany
| | - Alina Solomon
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Center for Alzheimer Research QA32, Karolinska Institute, Karolinska Vägen 37 A, Solna, 171 64, Sweden
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 8, Kuopio, 70210, Finland
- The Ageing Epidemiology (AGE) Research Unit, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, St Mary's Hospital, Norfolk Place, London, W2 1PG, UK
| | - Miia Kivipelto
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Center for Alzheimer Research QA32, Karolinska Institute, Karolinska Vägen 37 A, Solna, 171 64, Sweden.
- Theme Inflammation and Aging, Karolinska University Hospital, Karolinska Vägen 37 A, Solna, Stockholm, 171 64, Sweden.
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 8, Kuopio, 70210, Finland.
- The Ageing Epidemiology (AGE) Research Unit, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, St Mary's Hospital, Norfolk Place, London, W2 1PG, UK.
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 8, Kuopio, 70210, Finland.
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Dalgaard LB, Kruse DZ, Norup K, Andersen BV, Hansen M. A dairy-based, protein-rich breakfast enhances satiety and cognitive concentration before lunch in overweight to obese young females: A randomized controlled crossover study. J Dairy Sci 2024; 107:2653-2667. [PMID: 38135050 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2023-24152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate if consumption of a high-protein, low-carbohydrate breakfast (PRO) leads to a lower subsequent ad libitum energy intake at lunch and the rest of the day compared with ingestion of an isocaloric low-protein, high-carbohydrate breakfast (CHO) or no breakfast (CON). The study was designed as a randomized controlled 3-period crossover study. Thirty young (18-30 yr) females with overweight to obesity (body mass index >25 kg/m2) in random order completed 3 separate experimental days where they consumed either a PRO, CHO, or CON breakfast test meal followed by an ad libitum lunch meal 3 h after breakfast. Participants were allocated to a sequence group by their inclusion number. The PRO and CHO breakfasts were matched in dietary fiber and fat content. Energy intake at lunch was calculated and dietary records were obtained for the rest of the day to calculate the total daily energy intake and macronutrient intake. Ratings of appetite sensations between meals and palatability of the test meals were assessed using visual analog scale sheets in intervals ranging from 10 to 30 min. In addition, blood samples were obtained at multiple time points separated by 10 to 60 min intervals between breakfast and lunch and were analyzed for appetite-regulating gut hormones, insulin, and glucose. Finally, performance in a cognitive concentration test was tested 150 min after breakfast. Compared with CHO and CON, the area under the curves for satiety, fullness, and satisfaction in the 3 h after breakfast were significantly higher after PRO, whereas the areas under the curve for hunger, desire to eat, and prospective eating were significantly lower after PRO. The appetite-regulating gut hormones cholecystokinin, glucagon-like peptide-1, and ghrelin in the hours after breakfast, energy intake during the ad libitum lunch meal, and the total daily energy intake did not differ significantly between PRO, CHO, and CON. However, the cognitive concentration test score was 3.5 percentage points higher for PRO, but not CHO, versus CON. A dairy-based high-protein, low-carbohydrate breakfast increased satiety sensation in the hours after breakfast but did not reduce total daily energy intake compared with an isocaloric low-protein, high-carbohydrate breakfast or omitting breakfast. However, performance in a cognitive concentration test before lunch was enhanced after the high-protein, low-carbohydrate breakfast, but not the low-protein, high-carbohydrate breakfast, compared with omitting breakfast.
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Affiliation(s)
- L B Dalgaard
- Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark; Department of Internal Medicine, G⊘dstrup Hospital, 7400 Herning, Denmark
| | - D Z Kruse
- Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - K Norup
- Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - B V Andersen
- Department of Food Science, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - M Hansen
- Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark.
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Kantawala B, Shariff S, Ramadan N, Fawaz V, Hassan Y, Mugisha N, Yenkoyan K, Nazir A, Uwishema O. Revolutionizing neurotherapeutics: blood-brain barrier-on-a-chip technologies for precise drug delivery. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2024; 86:2794-2804. [PMID: 38694300 PMCID: PMC11060226 DOI: 10.1097/ms9.0000000000001887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a critical neurovascular unit regulating substances' passage from the bloodstream to the brain. Its selective permeability poses significant challenges in drug delivery for neurological disorders. Conventional methods often fail due to the BBB's complex structure. Aim The study aims to shed light on their pivotal role in revolutionizing neurotherapeutics and explores the transformative potential of BBB-on-a-Chip technologies in drug delivery research to comprehensively review BBB-on-a-chip technologies, focusing on their design, and substantiate advantages over traditional models. Methods A detailed analysis of existing literature and experimental data pertaining to BBB-on-a-Chip technologies was conducted. Various models, their physiological relevance, and innovative design considerations were examined through databases like Scopus, EbscoHost, PubMed Central, and Medline. Case studies demonstrating enhanced drug transport through BBB-on-a-Chip models were also reviewed, highlighting their potential impact on neurological disorders. Results BBB-on-a-Chip models offer a revolutionary approach, accurately replicating BBB properties. These microphysiological systems enable high-throughput screening, real-time monitoring of drug transport, and precise localization of drugs. Case studies demonstrate their efficacy in enhancing drug penetration, offering potential therapies for diseases like Parkinson's and Alzheimer's. Conclusion BBB-on-a-Chip models represent a transformative milestone in drug delivery research. Their ability to replicate BBB complexities, offer real-time monitoring, and enhance drug transport holds immense promise for neurological disorders. Continuous research and development are imperative to unlock BBB-on-a-Chip models' full potential, ushering in a new era of targeted, efficient, and safer drug therapies for challenging neurological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Burhan Kantawala
- Oli Health Magazine Organization, Research and Education
- Neuroscience Laboratory, Cobrain Centre
| | - Sanobar Shariff
- Oli Health Magazine Organization, Research and Education
- Neuroscience Laboratory, Cobrain Centre
| | - Nagham Ramadan
- Oli Health Magazine Organization, Research and Education
- Faculty of Medicine
| | - Violette Fawaz
- Oli Health Magazine Organization, Research and Education
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Beirut Arab University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Youmna Hassan
- Oli Health Magazine Organization, Research and Education
- Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, Ahfad University for Women, Omdurman, Sudan
| | - Nadine Mugisha
- Oli Health Magazine Organization, Research and Education
- Faculty of Global Surgery, University of Global Health Equity, Kigali, Rwanda
| | - Konstantin Yenkoyan
- Neuroscience Laboratory, Cobrain Centre
- Department of Biochemistry, Yerevan State Medical University named after Mkhitar Heratsi, Yerevan, Armenia
| | - Abubakar Nazir
- Oli Health Magazine Organization, Research and Education
- Department of Medicine, King Edward Medical University, Lahore, Pakistan
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Crum J, Ronca F, Herbert G, Carmona E, Jones I, Hakim U, Hamer M, Hirsch J, Hamilton A, Tachtsidis I, Burgess PW. Body fat predictive of acute effects of exercise on prefrontal hemodynamics and speed. Neuropsychologia 2024; 196:108805. [PMID: 38340963 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2024.108805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- James Crum
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, University College London, London, UK; Institute of Cognitive Science, University of Colorado, 1777 Exposition Dr, Boulder, CO, USA.
| | - Flaminia Ronca
- Institute of Sport Exercise and Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - George Herbert
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, University College London, London, UK
| | - Estela Carmona
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, University College London, London, UK
| | - Isla Jones
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, University College London, London, UK
| | - Uzair Hakim
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, London, UK
| | - Mark Hamer
- Institute of Sport Exercise and Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Joy Hirsch
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, London, UK; Brain Function Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Department of Comparative Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Antonia Hamilton
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, University College London, London, UK
| | - Ilias Tachtsidis
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, London, UK
| | - Paul W Burgess
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, University College London, London, UK
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Zhang Z, Zhang J, Jiao H, Tian W, Zhai X. Genetically predicted dietary macronutrient intakes and atrial fibrillation risk: a Mendelian randomization study. Eur J Med Res 2024; 29:227. [PMID: 38609963 PMCID: PMC11010414 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-024-01781-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Previous observational investigations have indicated a potential association between relative dietary macronutrient intakes and atrial fibrillation and flutter (AF) risk. In this study, we employed Mendelian Randomization (MR) to evaluate the presence of causality and to elucidate the specific causal relationship. METHODS We employed six, five, and three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) as instrumental variables for relative carbohydrate, protein, and fat intake, identified from a genome-wide association study that included 268,922 individuals of European descent. Furthermore, we acquired summary statistics for genome-wide association studies on AF from the FinnGen consortium, which involved 22,068 cases and 116,926 controls. To evaluate the causal estimates, we utilized the random effect inverse variance weighted method (IVW) and several other MR methods, including MR-Egger, weighted median, and MR-PRESSO, to confirm the robustness of our findings. RESULTS Our analysis indicates a convincing causal relationship between genetically predicted relative carbohydrate and protein intake and reduced AF risk. Inverse variance weighted analysis results for carbohydrates (OR = 0.29; 95% CI (0.14, 0.59); P < 0.001) and protein (OR = 0.47; 95% CI (0.26, 0.85); P = 0.01) support this association. Our MR analysis did not identify a significant causal relationship between relative fat intake and AF risk. CONCLUSION Our study provides evidence supporting a causal relationship between higher relative protein and carbohydrate intake and a lower risk of atrial fibrillation (AF).
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuoya Zhang
- Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiale Zhang
- Institute of Basic Theory for Chinese Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Haoyang Jiao
- Institute of Documentation, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Tian
- Gaoyang County Hospital, Baoding, 071599, Hebei Province, China.
| | - Xu Zhai
- Guanganmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
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Chen Y, Yang L, Wang K, An Y, Wang Y, Zheng Y, Zhou Y. Relationship between fatty acid intake and aging: a Mendelian randomization study. Aging (Albany NY) 2024; 16:5711-5739. [PMID: 38535988 PMCID: PMC11006485 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Observational studies have previously shown a possible link between fatty acids and aging-related diseases, raising questions about its health implications. However, the causal relationship between the two remains uncertain. METHODS Univariable and multivariable Mendelian randomization (MR) was used to analyze the relationship between five types of fatty acids-polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA), monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA), saturated fatty acid (SFA), Omega-6 fatty acid (Omega-6 FA), and Omega-3 fatty acid (Omega-3 FA) and three markers of aging: telomere length (TL), frailty index (FI), and facial aging (FclAg). The primary approach for Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis involved utilizing the inverse variance weighted (IVW) method, with additional supplementary methods employed. RESULTS Univariate MR analysis revealed that MUFA, PUFA, SFA, and Omega-6 fatty acids were positively associated with TL (MUFA OR: 1.019, 95% CI: 1.006-1.033; PUFA OR: 1.014, 95% CI: 1.002-1.026; SFA OR: 1.016, 95% CI: 1.002-1.031; Omega-6 FAs OR=1.031, 95% CI: 1.006-1.058). PUFA was also associated with a higher FI (OR: 1.033, 95% CI: 1.009-1.057). In multivariate MR analysis, after adjusting for mutual influences among the five fatty acids, MUFA and PUFA were positively independently associated with TL (MUFA OR: 1.1508, 95% CI = 1.0724-1.2350; PUFA OR: 1.1670, 95% CI = 1.0497-1.2973, while SFA was negatively correlated (OR: 0.8005, 95% CI: 0.7045-0.9096). CONCLUSIONS Our research presents compelling evidence of a causal association between certain fatty acids and indicators of the aging process. In particular, MUFA and PUFA may play a role in slowing down the aging process, while SFAs may contribute to accelerated aging. These findings could have significant implications for dietary recommendations aimed at promoting healthy aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhua Chen
- The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
- Gansu Province Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Lian Yang
- Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Kui Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu An
- The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yuping Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
- Gansu Province Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Ya Zheng
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
- Gansu Province Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yongning Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
- Gansu Province Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
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Augimeri G, Caparello G, Caputo I, Reda R, Testarelli L, Bonofiglio D. Mediterranean diet: a potential player in the link between oral microbiome and oral diseases. J Oral Microbiol 2024; 16:2329474. [PMID: 38510981 PMCID: PMC10953787 DOI: 10.1080/20002297.2024.2329474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The oral microbiome is a complex and dynamic assemblage of microorganisms that colonize different sites of the oral cavity maintaining both oral and systemic health. Therefore, when its composition is altered, oral diseases occur. Among oral inflammatory pathologies, periodontal diseases affect the tissues surrounding the teeth, representing the main cause of tooth loss and one of the most important threats to the oral health. Lifestyle and eating habits influence the composition of the human oral microbiota and the development and progression of oral diseases. In this context, the Mediterranean Diet (MD) model, comprising both healthy dietary choices and lifestyle, is linked to the prevention of several metabolic and chronic-degenerative pathological processes, including oral diseases. Indeed, the MD is a plant-based diet, enriched of anti-inflammatory and antioxidant nutrients, which may induce beneficial effects against dental caries and periodontal diseases. Aim This review summarizes the role of the oral microbiome in the development of the oral diseases and the potential of MD in modulating the oral microbiome leading to implications for oral health. Conclusions The data collected highlight the need to promote the MD pattern along with the correct hygiene habits to prevent the development of oral diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppina Augimeri
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy
| | - Giovanna Caparello
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy
| | - Ippolito Caputo
- Department of Oral and Maxillo Facial Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Rodolfo Reda
- Department of Oral and Maxillo Facial Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Luca Testarelli
- Department of Oral and Maxillo Facial Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Daniela Bonofiglio
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy
- Centro Sanitario, University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende, Italy
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Rowe K, Bröcker E, Suliman S, Blaauw R, Seedat S, van den Heuvel LL. The relationship between nutrient intake and executive function in adults with post-traumatic stress disorder. J Affect Disord 2024; 349:125-131. [PMID: 38199386 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.01.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Executive function (EF) deficits are common in adults with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Macro- and micronutrient intake are potential modifiable factors that may influence EF in PTSD. OBJECTIVES To explore the relationship between the daily dietary intake of ω-3 and ω-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), vitamin C, vitamin E, vitamin D, vitamin B12 and folate, and EF in adults with PTSD. METHODS This was a cross-sectional observational study of adults with PTSD who completed neurocognitive assessments (n = 201). Digit span backwards, spatial span backwards, Stroop test and the Ruff Figural Fluency Task were used to assess EF. FoodFinder nutrient intake based on 24-h dietary recalls was used to calculate average daily nutrient intake. Multivariable linear regression models were used to regress EF on the nutrient variables. RESULTS Intake of vitamin E, ω-3 PUFAs, and ω-6 PUFAs were all positively associated with planning and set-shifting, with vitamin E (adjusted β = 0.20, p = 0.004) and ω-6 (adjusted β = 0.17, p = 0.01) remaining significant after adjustment for age; sex; education and body mass index. Vitamin D intake was negatively associated with interference (adjusted β = -0.21, p = 0.01). Vitamin C, vitamin B12 and folate intake were not associated with EF. LIMITATIONS 24-h dietary recall data is limited by recall bias. Circulating nutrient levels were not measured. CONCLUSIONS Dietary intake of vitamins E, ω-3 and ω-6 may be important modifiable factors affecting EF in adults with PTSD. Randomised controlled trials are needed to investigate whether micro- and macronutrient interventions can improve EF and other outcomes in PTSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsten Rowe
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, South Africa; MRC/Wits Rural Public Health and Health Transitions Research Unit (Agincourt), University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
| | - Erine Bröcker
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, South Africa; South African Medical Research Council/Stellenbosch University Genomics of Brain Disorders Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Sharain Suliman
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, South Africa; South African Medical Research Council/Stellenbosch University Genomics of Brain Disorders Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Renée Blaauw
- Division of Human Nutrition, Department of Global Health, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Soraya Seedat
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, South Africa; South African Medical Research Council/Stellenbosch University Genomics of Brain Disorders Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Leigh Luella van den Heuvel
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, South Africa; South African Medical Research Council/Stellenbosch University Genomics of Brain Disorders Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
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Merlo G, Bachtel G, Sugden SG. Gut microbiota, nutrition, and mental health. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1337889. [PMID: 38406183 PMCID: PMC10884323 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1337889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
The human brain remains one of the greatest challenges for modern medicine, yet it is one of the most integral and sometimes overlooked aspects of medicine. The human brain consists of roughly 100 billion neurons, 100 trillion neuronal connections and consumes about 20-25% of the body's energy. Emerging evidence highlights that insufficient or inadequate nutrition is linked to an increased risk of brain health, mental health, and psychological functioning compromise. A core component of this relationship includes the intricate dynamics of the brain-gut-microbiota (BGM) system, which is a progressively recognized factor in the sphere of mental/brain health. The bidirectional relationship between the brain, gut, and gut microbiota along the BGM system not only affects nutrient absorption and utilization, but also it exerts substantial influence on cognitive processes, mood regulation, neuroplasticity, and other indices of mental/brain health. Neuroplasticity is the brain's capacity for adaptation and neural regeneration in response to stimuli. Understanding neuroplasticity and considering interventions that enhance the remarkable ability of the brain to change through experience constitutes a burgeoning area of research that has substantial potential for improving well-being, resilience, and overall brain health through optimal nutrition and lifestyle interventions. The nexus of lifestyle interventions and both academic and clinical perspectives of nutritional neuroscience emerges as a potent tool to enhance patient outcomes, proactively mitigate mental/brain health challenges, and improve the management and treatment of existing mental/brain health conditions by championing health-promoting dietary patterns, rectifying nutritional deficiencies, and seamlessly integrating nutrition-centered strategies into clinical care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gia Merlo
- Department of Psychiatry, New York University Grossman School of Medicine and Rory Meyers College of Nursing, New York, NY, United States
| | | | - Steven G. Sugden
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
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Chen H, Dunk MM, Wang B, Zhao M, Shen J, Zong G, Pan Y, Tong L, Xu W, Yuan C. Associations of the Mediterranean-DASH Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay diet with brain structural markers and their changes. Alzheimers Dement 2024; 20:1190-1200. [PMID: 37932860 PMCID: PMC10917040 DOI: 10.1002/alz.13521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The associations of the Mediterranean-DASH Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay (MIND) diet with brain structural changes are unclear. METHODS Among 26,466 UK Biobank participants, a 15-point MIND score was calculated from 24-hour diet recalls from 2009 to 2012. We assessed its associations with 17 magnetic-resonance-derived brain volumetric markers and their longitudinal changes and explored whether genetic factors modify the associations. RESULTS Higher MIND adherence was associated with larger volumes of thalamus, putamen, pallidum, hippocampus, and accumbens (beta per 3-unit increment ranging from 0.024 to 0.033) and lower white matter hyperintensities (P-trends < 0.05), regardless of genetic predispositions of Alzheimer's disease. MIND score was not associated with their longitudinal changes (P > 0.05) over a median of 2.2 years among participants with repeated imaging assessments (N = 2963), but was associated with slower atrophy in putamen (beta: 0.026, P-trend = 0.044) and pallidum (beta: 0.030, P-trend = 0.033) among APOE ε4 non-carriers (N = 654). DISCUSSION The MIND diet showed beneficial associations with certain brain imaging markers, and its associations with long-term brain structural changes warrants future investigation. HIGHLIGHTS Adherence to the Mediterranean-DASH Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay (MIND) diet was significantly associated with higher volumes and larger gray matter volumes in certain brain regions in UK adults, and the associations were not modified by genetic factors. No significant associations were observed between MIND diet and longitudinal changes in the investigated brain structural markers over a median of 2.2 years. Higher MIND score was significantly associated with slower atrophy in the putamen and pallidum among APOE ε4 non-carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Chen
- School of Public Healththe Second Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
| | - Michelle M. Dunk
- Aging Research CenterDepartment of NeurobiologyCare Sciences and SocietyKarolinska Institute and Stockholm UniversityStockholmSweden
| | - Binghan Wang
- School of Public Healththe Second Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
| | - Mengjia Zhao
- School of Public Healththe Second Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
| | - Jie Shen
- School of Public Healththe Second Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
| | - Geng Zong
- CAS Key Laboratory of NutritionMetabolism and Food SafetyShanghai Institute of Nutrition and HealthUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiChina
| | - Yuesong Pan
- Department of NeurologyBeijing Tiantan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Lusha Tong
- Department of Neurologythe Second Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
| | - Weili Xu
- Aging Research CenterDepartment of NeurobiologyCare Sciences and SocietyKarolinska Institute and Stockholm UniversityStockholmSweden
| | - Changzheng Yuan
- School of Public Healththe Second Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
- Department of NutritionHarvard T. H. Chan School of Public HealthBostonMassachusettsUSA
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Adise S, Boutelle KN, Rezvan PH, Kan E, Rhee KE, Goran MI, Sowell ER. Sex-specific impulsivity, but not other facets of executive function, predicts fat and sugar intake two-years later amongst adolescents with a healthy weight: Findings from the ABCD study. Appetite 2024; 192:107081. [PMID: 37839556 PMCID: PMC10842015 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2023.107081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
During adolescence, processes that control food intake (executive functions [EF]) undergo extensive refinement; underlying differences in EF may explain the inability to resist overeating unhealthy foods. Yet, overeating fat and sugar also causes changes to EF and cognition but disentangling these relationships has been difficult, as previous studies included youth with obesity. Here, amongst youth initially of a healthy weight, we evaluate whether 1) sex-specific underlying variation in EF/cognition at 9/10-years-old predict fat/sugar two-years later (Y2) and 2) if these relationships are moderated by body mass index (BMI), using linear mixed effects models (controlled for puberty, caregiver education; random effect: study site). Data were leveraged from Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study (n = 2987; 50.4% male; 15.4% Latino/a/x; 100% healthy weight at baseline; 12.4% overweight/obese by Y2, data release 4.0). EF and cognition (e.g., inhibition, cognition, motor, memory, impulsivity) were assessed with the NIH toolbox, Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Task, Little Man Task, the BIS/BAS, and UPPS-P. A saturated fat/added sugar (kcals) composite score was extracted from the validated Kids Food Block Screener. For males, greater baseline impulsivity (e.g., Positive Urgency, Lack of Planning and Perseverance) and reward (e.g., Fun seeking, Drive) was related to greater Y2 intake. For both sexes, greater baseline Negative Urgency and higher BMI was related to greater Y2 intake. No other relationships were observed. Our findings highlight a phenotype that may be more at risk for weight gain due to overconsumption of fat/sugar. Thus, prevention efforts may wish to focus on impulsive tendencies for these foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shana Adise
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States.
| | - Kerri N Boutelle
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States; Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States; Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Panteha Hayati Rezvan
- Biostatistics and Data Management Core, The Saban Research Institute, Children's Hospital of Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Eric Kan
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Research Administration, Children's Hospital of Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Kyung E Rhee
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Michael I Goran
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Elizabeth R Sowell
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neurology, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
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Lee KH, Song JW, Kim CS, Seong H, Shin DM, Shon WJ. Taste receptor type 1 member 3 mediates diet-induced cognitive impairment in mice. Life Sci 2023; 334:122194. [PMID: 37865176 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.122194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/23/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Long-term consumption of a western diet (WD), which is characterized by high intake of saturated fats and sugary drinks, causes cognitive impairment. However, the molecular mechanism by which WD induces cognitive impairment remains unclear. Taste receptor type 1 member 3 (TAS1R3), activated by ligands of WD, is expressed in extra-oral tissues, including the brain, and particularly in the hippocampus. This study investigated whether TAS1R3 regulates WD-induced cognitive impairment in mice. MAIN METHODS Male C57BL/6J wild-type (WT) and Tas1r3 knock-out (KO) mice were fed either a normal diet (ND) or WD for 18 weeks. Cognitive functions were assessed using novel object recognition and Barnes maze tests. The mechanisms underlying WD-induced cognitive impairment were assessed using RNA-sequencing and bioinformatics analysis. KEY FINDINGS Cognitive impairment was observed in WT mice fed WD (WT-WD) compared with WT-ND mice. Conversely, mice lacking TAS1R3 were not cognitively impaired even under long-term WD feeding. Hippocampal transcriptome analysis revealed upregulated AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling and increased AMPK-targeted sirtuin 3 expression in KO-WD mice. Pathway enrichment analysis showed that response to oxidative stress was downregulated, whereas neurogenesis was upregulated in dentate gyrus of KO-WD mice. In vitro studies validated the findings, indicating that Tas1r3 knockdown directly upregulated decreased sirtuin 3 expression, its downstream genes-related to oxidative stress, and apoptosis induced by WD condition in hippocampal neuron cells. SIGNIFICANCE TAS1R3 acts as a critical mediator of WD-induced cognitive impairment in mice, thereby offering potential as a novel therapeutic target to prevent WD-induced cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keon-Hee Lee
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea; Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Won Song
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Chong-Su Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Hobin Seong
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Mi Shin
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea; Research Institute of Human Ecology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
| | - Woo-Jeong Shon
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea; Research Institute of Human Ecology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
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Liu X, Beck T, Dhana K, Desai P, Krueger KR, Tangney CC, Holland TM, Agarwal P, Evans DA, Rajan KB. Association of Whole Grain Consumption and Cognitive Decline: An Investigation From a Community-Based Biracial Cohort of Older Adults. Neurology 2023; 101:e2277-e2287. [PMID: 37993270 PMCID: PMC10727204 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000207938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES To examine the association of whole grain consumption and longitudinal change in global cognition, perceptual speed, and episodic memory by different race/ethnicity. METHODS We included 3,326 participants from the Chicago Health and Aging Project who responded to a Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ), with 2 or more cognitive assessments. Global cognition was assessed using a composite score of episodic memory, perceptual speed, and the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE). Diet was assessed by a 144-item FFQ. Linear mixed-effects models were used to estimate the association of intakes of whole grains and cognitive decline. RESULTS This study involved 3,326 participants (60.1% African American [AA], 63.7% female) with a mean age of 75 years at baseline and a mean follow-up of 6.1 years. Higher consumption of whole grains was associated with a slower rate of global cognitive decline. Among AA participants, those in the highest quintile of whole grain consumption had a slower rate of decline in global cognition (β = 0.024, 95% CI [0.008-0.039], p = 0.004), perceptual speed (β = 0.023, 95% CI [0.007-0.040], p = 0.005), and episodic memory (β = 0.028, 95% CI [0.005-0.050], p = 0.01) compared with those on the lowest quintile. Regarding the amount consumed, in AA participants, those who consumed >3 servings/d vs those who consumed <1 serving/d had a slower rate of decline in global cognition (β = 0.021, 95% CI [0.005-0.036], p = 0.0093). In White participants, with >3 servings/d, we found a suggestive association of whole grains with global cognitive decline when compared with those who consumed <1 serving/d (β = 0.025, 95% CI [-0.003 to 0.053], p = 0.08). DISCUSSION Among AA participants, individuals with higher consumption of whole grains and more frequent consumption of whole grain had slower decline in global cognition, perceptual speed, and episodic memory. We did not see a similar trend in White adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoran Liu
- From the Rush Institute for Healthy Aging (X.L., T.B., K.D., P.D., K.R.K., T.M.H., D.A.E., K.B.R.), Rush University Medical Center; Department of Internal Medicine (X.L., T.B., K.D., P.D., K.R.K., T.M.H., P.A., D.A.E., K.B.R.), Rush University Medical Center; Department of Clinical Nutrition & Preventive Medicine (C.C.T.), Rush University Medical Center; and Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center (P.A.), Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL.
| | - Todd Beck
- From the Rush Institute for Healthy Aging (X.L., T.B., K.D., P.D., K.R.K., T.M.H., D.A.E., K.B.R.), Rush University Medical Center; Department of Internal Medicine (X.L., T.B., K.D., P.D., K.R.K., T.M.H., P.A., D.A.E., K.B.R.), Rush University Medical Center; Department of Clinical Nutrition & Preventive Medicine (C.C.T.), Rush University Medical Center; and Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center (P.A.), Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL
| | - Klodian Dhana
- From the Rush Institute for Healthy Aging (X.L., T.B., K.D., P.D., K.R.K., T.M.H., D.A.E., K.B.R.), Rush University Medical Center; Department of Internal Medicine (X.L., T.B., K.D., P.D., K.R.K., T.M.H., P.A., D.A.E., K.B.R.), Rush University Medical Center; Department of Clinical Nutrition & Preventive Medicine (C.C.T.), Rush University Medical Center; and Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center (P.A.), Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL
| | - Pankaja Desai
- From the Rush Institute for Healthy Aging (X.L., T.B., K.D., P.D., K.R.K., T.M.H., D.A.E., K.B.R.), Rush University Medical Center; Department of Internal Medicine (X.L., T.B., K.D., P.D., K.R.K., T.M.H., P.A., D.A.E., K.B.R.), Rush University Medical Center; Department of Clinical Nutrition & Preventive Medicine (C.C.T.), Rush University Medical Center; and Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center (P.A.), Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL
| | - Kristin R Krueger
- From the Rush Institute for Healthy Aging (X.L., T.B., K.D., P.D., K.R.K., T.M.H., D.A.E., K.B.R.), Rush University Medical Center; Department of Internal Medicine (X.L., T.B., K.D., P.D., K.R.K., T.M.H., P.A., D.A.E., K.B.R.), Rush University Medical Center; Department of Clinical Nutrition & Preventive Medicine (C.C.T.), Rush University Medical Center; and Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center (P.A.), Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL
| | - Christy C Tangney
- From the Rush Institute for Healthy Aging (X.L., T.B., K.D., P.D., K.R.K., T.M.H., D.A.E., K.B.R.), Rush University Medical Center; Department of Internal Medicine (X.L., T.B., K.D., P.D., K.R.K., T.M.H., P.A., D.A.E., K.B.R.), Rush University Medical Center; Department of Clinical Nutrition & Preventive Medicine (C.C.T.), Rush University Medical Center; and Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center (P.A.), Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL
| | - Thomas M Holland
- From the Rush Institute for Healthy Aging (X.L., T.B., K.D., P.D., K.R.K., T.M.H., D.A.E., K.B.R.), Rush University Medical Center; Department of Internal Medicine (X.L., T.B., K.D., P.D., K.R.K., T.M.H., P.A., D.A.E., K.B.R.), Rush University Medical Center; Department of Clinical Nutrition & Preventive Medicine (C.C.T.), Rush University Medical Center; and Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center (P.A.), Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL
| | - Puja Agarwal
- From the Rush Institute for Healthy Aging (X.L., T.B., K.D., P.D., K.R.K., T.M.H., D.A.E., K.B.R.), Rush University Medical Center; Department of Internal Medicine (X.L., T.B., K.D., P.D., K.R.K., T.M.H., P.A., D.A.E., K.B.R.), Rush University Medical Center; Department of Clinical Nutrition & Preventive Medicine (C.C.T.), Rush University Medical Center; and Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center (P.A.), Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL
| | - Denis A Evans
- From the Rush Institute for Healthy Aging (X.L., T.B., K.D., P.D., K.R.K., T.M.H., D.A.E., K.B.R.), Rush University Medical Center; Department of Internal Medicine (X.L., T.B., K.D., P.D., K.R.K., T.M.H., P.A., D.A.E., K.B.R.), Rush University Medical Center; Department of Clinical Nutrition & Preventive Medicine (C.C.T.), Rush University Medical Center; and Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center (P.A.), Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL
| | - Kumar B Rajan
- From the Rush Institute for Healthy Aging (X.L., T.B., K.D., P.D., K.R.K., T.M.H., D.A.E., K.B.R.), Rush University Medical Center; Department of Internal Medicine (X.L., T.B., K.D., P.D., K.R.K., T.M.H., P.A., D.A.E., K.B.R.), Rush University Medical Center; Department of Clinical Nutrition & Preventive Medicine (C.C.T.), Rush University Medical Center; and Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center (P.A.), Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL
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Ruf A, Neubauer AB, Koch ED, Ebner-Priemer U, Reif A, Matura S. Microtemporal Dynamics of Dietary Intake, Physical Activity, and Impulsivity in Adult Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: Ecological Momentary Assessment Study Within Nutritional Psychiatry. JMIR Ment Health 2023; 10:e46550. [PMID: 37590053 PMCID: PMC10472180 DOI: 10.2196/46550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increasing attention is being paid to lifestyle factors, such as nutrition and physical activity (PA), as potential complementary treatment options in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Previous research indicates that sugar and saturated fat intake may be linked to increased impulsivity, a core symptom of ADHD, whereas protein intake and PA may be related to reduced impulsivity. However, most studies rely on cross-sectional data that lack microtemporal resolution and ecological validity, wherefore questions of microtemporal dynamics (eg, is the consumption of foods high in sugar associated with increased impulsivity within minutes or hours?) remain largely unanswered. Ecological momentary assessment (EMA) has the potential to bridge this gap. OBJECTIVE This study is the first to apply EMA to assess microtemporal associations among macronutrient intake, PA, and state impulsivity in the daily life of adults with and without ADHD. METHODS Over a 3-day period, participants reported state impulsivity 8 times per day (signal-contingent), recorded food and drink intake (event-contingent), and wore an accelerometer. Multilevel 2-part models were used to study the association among macronutrient intake, PA, and the probability to be impulsive as well as the intensity of impulsivity (ADHD: n=36; control: n=137). RESULTS No association between macronutrient intake and state impulsivity was found. PA was not related to the intensity of impulsivity but to a higher probability to be impulsive (ADHD: β=-.09, 95% CI -0.14 to -0.04; control: β=-.03, 95% CI -0.05 to -0.01). No evidence was found that the combined intake of saturated fat and sugar amplified the increase in state impulsivity and that PA alleviated the positive association between sugar or fat intake and state impulsivity. CONCLUSIONS Important methodological considerations are discussed that can contribute to the optimization of future EMA protocols. EMA research in the emerging field of nutritional psychiatry is still in its infancy; however, EMA is a highly promising and innovative approach as it offers insights into the microtemporal dynamics of psychiatric symptomology, dietary intake, and PA in daily life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alea Ruf
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Andreas B Neubauer
- DIPF | Leibniz Institute for Research and Information in Education, Frankfurt, Germany
- Center for Research on Individual Development and Adaptive Education of Children at Risk (IDeA), Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Elena D Koch
- Mental mHealth Lab, Institute of Sports and Sports Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Ulrich Ebner-Priemer
- Mental mHealth Lab, Institute of Sports and Sports Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Andreas Reif
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Silke Matura
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
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50
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Beathard KM, Georghiades N, Goulart JB, Riviere AJ, Sullivan C, Mascarro M, Riechman SE. The impact of nutrition on visual cognitive performance in the nutrition, vision, and cognition in sport study. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1208890. [PMID: 37426184 PMCID: PMC10327434 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1208890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of nutritional intake on visual perceptual-cognitive performance (VCP) in young healthy adults. Methods Ninety-eight healthy men (n = 38) and women (n = 60) aged 18-33 years participated and maintained their usual dietary intake throughout the study. VCP was measured using the NeuroTracker™ CORE (NT) 3-Dimensional (3-D) software program (15 training sessions) over a 15-day period. Food logs and extensive lifestyle measures including body composition, cardiovascular health, sleep and exercise patterns, and general readiness to perform were collected. Mean intake from 10 food logs collected over the 15 days were analyzed using Nutribase software. Statistical analyses were performed in SPSS using repeated measures ANOVA including significant covariates when appropriate. Results Males consumed significantly more calories, macronutrients, cholesterol, choline, and zinc and performed significantly better on VCP than the females. Participants who consumed more than 40% of kcals from carbohydrates (p = 0.038), less than 24% of kcals from protein (p = 0.009), more than 2,000 μg/day lutein/zeaxanthin or more than 1.8 mg/ day vitamin B2 performed significantly better on VCP than those who consumed less than those amounts, respectively. Discussion VCP is an important dimension of cognitive function and in the present study is influenced by higher carbohydrate, lutein/ zeaxanthin, and vitamin B2 dietary intake while high protein consumption and the female sex negatively impacted VCP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen M. Beathard
- Department of Nutrition, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Nicos Georghiades
- Department of Kinesiology and Sport Management, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Jenna B. Goulart
- Department of Nutrition, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Aaron J. Riviere
- Department of Kinesiology and Sport Management, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Caroline Sullivan
- Department of Kinesiology and Sport Management, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Melanie Mascarro
- Department of Nutrition, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
- Department of Kinesiology and Sport Management, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Steven E. Riechman
- Department of Nutrition, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
- Department of Kinesiology and Sport Management, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
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