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Yamazaki K, Iguchi T, Kanoh Y, Takayasu K, Ngo TTT, Onuki A, Kawaji H, Oshima S, Kanda T, Masai H, Sasanuma H. Homologous recombination contributes to the repair of acetaldehyde-induced DNA damage. Cell Cycle 2024:1-16. [PMID: 38571319 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2024.2335028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Acetaldehyde, a chemical that can cause DNA damage and contribute to cancer, is prevalently present in our environment, e.g. in alcohol, tobacco, and food. Although aldehyde potentially promotes crosslinking reactions among biological substances including DNA, RNA, and protein, it remains unclear what types of DNA damage are caused by acetaldehyde and how they are repaired. In this study, we explored mechanisms involved in the repair of acetaldehyde-induced DNA damage by examining the cellular sensitivity to acetaldehyde in the collection of human TK6 mutant deficient in each genome maintenance system. Among the mutants, mismatch repair mutants did not show hypersensitivity to acetaldehyde, while mutants deficient in base and nucleotide excision repair pathways or homologous recombination (HR) exhibited higher sensitivity to acetaldehyde than did wild-type cells. We found that acetaldehyde-induced RAD51 foci representing HR intermediates were prolonged in HR-deficient cells. These results indicate a pivotal role of HR in the repair of acetaldehyde-induced DNA damage. These results suggest that acetaldehyde causes complex DNA damages that require various types of repair pathways. Mutants deficient in the removal of protein adducts from DNA ends such as TDP1-/- and TDP2-/- cells exhibited hypersensitivity to acetaldehyde. Strikingly, the double mutant deficient in both TDP1 and RAD54 showed similar sensitivity to each single mutant. This epistatic relationship between TDP1-/- and RAD54-/- suggests that the protein-DNA adducts generated by acetaldehyde need to be removed for efficient repair by HR. Our study would help understand the molecular mechanism of the genotoxic and mutagenic effects of acetaldehyde.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kosuke Yamazaki
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Chiba, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Iguchi
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yutaka Kanoh
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuto Takayasu
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Trinh Thi To Ngo
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ayaka Onuki
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideya Kawaji
- Research Center for Genome and Medical Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shunji Oshima
- Sustainable Technology Laboratories, Asahi Quality & Innovations Ltd, Ibaraki, Japan
| | | | - Hisao Masai
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Sasanuma
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan
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2
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Fervers B, Pérol O, Lasset C, Moumjid N, Vidican P, Saintigny P, Tardy J, Biaudet J, Bonadona V, Triviaux D, Marijnen P, Mongondry R, Cattey-Javouhey A, Buono R, Bertrand A, Marec-Bérard P, Rousset-Jablonski C, Pilleul F, Christophe V, Girodet M, Praud D, Solodky ML, Crochet H, Achache A, Michallet M, Galvez C, Miermont A, Sebileau D, Zrounba P, Beaupère S, Philip T, Blay JY. An Integrated Cancer Prevention Strategy: the Viewpoint of the Leon Berard Comprehensive Cancer Center Lyon, France. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2024; 17:133-140. [PMID: 38562091 PMCID: PMC10985472 DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-23-0386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
This article describes some of the key prevention services in the Leon Berard Comprehensive Cancer Center (CLB) Lyon, France, which are based on clinical prevention services, outreach activities, and collaboration with professional and territorial health communities. In addition, research is embedded at all stages of the prevention continuum, from understanding cancer causes through to the implementation of prevention interventions during and after cancer. Health promotion activities in the community and dedicated outpatient primary cancer prevention services for individuals at increased risk have been implemented. The CLB's experience illustrates how prevention can be integrated into the comprehensive mission of cancer centers, and how in turn, the cancer centers may contribute to bridging the current fragmentation between cancer care and the different components of primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention. With increasing cancer incidence, the shift toward integrated prevention-centered cancer care is not only key for improving population health, but this may also provide a response to the shortage of hospital staff and overcrowding in cancer services, as well as offer opportunities to reduce carbon emissions from cancer care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatrice Fervers
- Department of Prevention, Cancer and Environment, Léon Bérard Cancer Center, Lyon, France
- Inserm U1296 Radiations: Defense, Health, Environment, Léon Bérard Cancer Center, Lyon, France
| | - Olivia Pérol
- Department of Prevention, Cancer and Environment, Léon Bérard Cancer Center, Lyon, France
- Inserm U1296 Radiations: Defense, Health, Environment, Léon Bérard Cancer Center, Lyon, France
| | - Christine Lasset
- Department of Prevention and Public Healthcare, Léon Bérard Cancer Center, Lyon, France
| | - Nora Moumjid
- Department of Prevention, Cancer and Environment, Léon Bérard Cancer Center, Lyon, France
- UR 4129, P2S, Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Pauline Vidican
- Department of Prevention, Cancer and Environment, Léon Bérard Cancer Center, Lyon, France
- Inserm U1296 Radiations: Defense, Health, Environment, Léon Bérard Cancer Center, Lyon, France
| | - Pierre Saintigny
- Department of Medical Oncology, Léon Bérard Cancer Center, Lyon, France
- CRCL, University Lyon, Claude Bernard Lyon 1 University, Inserm 1052, CNRS 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Cancer Research Center, Lyon, France
| | - Juliette Tardy
- Department of Prevention, Cancer and Environment, Léon Bérard Cancer Center, Lyon, France
- Inserm U1296 Radiations: Defense, Health, Environment, Léon Bérard Cancer Center, Lyon, France
| | - Julien Biaudet
- Department of Prevention, Cancer and Environment, Léon Bérard Cancer Center, Lyon, France
- Inserm U1296 Radiations: Defense, Health, Environment, Léon Bérard Cancer Center, Lyon, France
| | - Valérie Bonadona
- Department of Prevention and Public Healthcare, Léon Bérard Cancer Center, Lyon, France
| | - Dominique Triviaux
- Interdisciplinary Department of Supportive Care in Oncology, Léon Bérard Cancer Center, Lyon, France
| | - Philippe Marijnen
- Department of Prevention, Cancer and Environment, Léon Bérard Cancer Center, Lyon, France
| | - Rodolf Mongondry
- Department of Prevention, Cancer and Environment, Léon Bérard Cancer Center, Lyon, France
| | | | - Romain Buono
- Department of Prevention, Cancer and Environment, Léon Bérard Cancer Center, Lyon, France
| | - Amandine Bertrand
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Institut d'Hématologie et d'Oncologie Pédiatrique, Léon Bérard Cancer Center, 69008 Lyon, France
- INSERM U1290 RESearch on HealthcAre PErformance (RESHAPE), University Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
- Département de Sciences Humaines et Sociales (SHS), Léon Bérard Cancer Center, Lyon, France
| | - Perrine Marec-Bérard
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Institut d'Hématologie et d'Oncologie Pédiatrique, Léon Bérard Cancer Center, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Christine Rousset-Jablonski
- INSERM U1290 RESearch on HealthcAre PErformance (RESHAPE), University Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
- Department of Surgery, Léon Bérard Cancer Center, Lyon, France
| | - Frank Pilleul
- Department of Radiology, Léon Bérard Cancer Center, Lyon, France
- CREATIS, UMR CNRS 5220 – INSERM 1206, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Veronique Christophe
- CRCL, University Lyon, Claude Bernard Lyon 1 University, Inserm 1052, CNRS 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Cancer Research Center, Lyon, France
- Département de Sciences Humaines et Sociales (SHS), Léon Bérard Cancer Center, Lyon, France
| | - Magali Girodet
- INSERM U1290 RESearch on HealthcAre PErformance (RESHAPE), University Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
- Département de Sciences Humaines et Sociales (SHS), Léon Bérard Cancer Center, Lyon, France
| | - Delphine Praud
- Department of Prevention, Cancer and Environment, Léon Bérard Cancer Center, Lyon, France
- Inserm U1296 Radiations: Defense, Health, Environment, Léon Bérard Cancer Center, Lyon, France
| | - Marie-Laure Solodky
- Department of Medecine of Health Care Workers, Léon Bérard Cancer Center, Lyon, France
| | | | | | - Mauricette Michallet
- Department of Prevention, Cancer and Environment, Léon Bérard Cancer Center, Lyon, France
- Department of Medical Oncology, Léon Bérard Cancer Center, Lyon, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Jean-Yves Blay
- Department of Medical Oncology, Léon Bérard Cancer Center, Lyon, France
- Unicancer, Paris, France
- Faculté de Médecine Lyon Est, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
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Jiang X, Pestoni G, Vinci L, Suter F, Lorez M, Rohrmann S, Karavasiloglou N. Cancer cases attributable to modifiable lifestyle risk factors in Switzerland between 2015 and 2019. Int J Cancer 2024; 154:1221-1234. [PMID: 38041826 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.34806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/04/2023]
Abstract
Several modifiable lifestyle risk factors have been linked to higher cancer risk in the literature. Determining the proportion and number of cancer cases attributable to these risk factors is pivotal in informing effective cancer prevention and control plans that have the greatest effect on reducing cancer incidence. We aimed to estimate the proportion and number of incident cancer cases that were attributable to modifiable lifestyle risk factors (ie, tobacco smoking, high alcohol consumption, excess body weight, physical inactivity and unhealthy diet) in Switzerland between 2015 and 2019. The exposure prevalence of selected risk factors was estimated based on the representative national nutrition survey menuCH, the associated relative risks were obtained from systematic literature reviews and the numbers of incident cancer cases were provided by the National Institute for Cancer Epidemiology and Registration. The fractions and numbers of attributable cases were calculated overall, by sex and by the three major language regions of Switzerland. The investigated modifiable risk factors combined were linked to 25.2% of potentially preventable incident cancer cases in Switzerland between 2015 and 2019. The proportion and numbers were slightly larger in males (28.4%, 6945 cases per year) than in females (21.9%, 4493 cases per year), and variations were observed between language regions. Tobacco smoking, excess body weight and high alcohol consumption were the leading contributors to lifestyle-attributable cancer cases. The observed differences in the leading risk factors both within Switzerland and compared to other countries underline the need for regionally and nationally tailored cancer prevention and education strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Jiang
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH Zurich), Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Giulia Pestoni
- Division of Chronic Disease Epidemiology; Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute (EBPI), University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Nutrition Group, Health Department, Swiss Distance University of Applied Sciences (FFHS)/University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Southern Switzerland (SUPSI), Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Linda Vinci
- Winterthur Institute of Health Economics, Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Winterthur, Switzerland
- Cancer Registry of the Cantons Zurich, Zug, Schaffhausen and Schwyz, Institute of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Flurina Suter
- Division of Chronic Disease Epidemiology; Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute (EBPI), University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- National Institute for Cancer Epidemiology and Registration (NICER), Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Matthias Lorez
- National Institute for Cancer Epidemiology and Registration (NICER), Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sabine Rohrmann
- Division of Chronic Disease Epidemiology; Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute (EBPI), University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Cancer Registry of the Cantons Zurich, Zug, Schaffhausen and Schwyz, Institute of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Nena Karavasiloglou
- Division of Chronic Disease Epidemiology; Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute (EBPI), University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Cancer Registry of the Cantons Zurich, Zug, Schaffhausen and Schwyz, Institute of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- European Food Safety Authority, Parma, Italy
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He F, Wang S, Zheng R, Gu J, Zeng H, Sun K, Chen R, Li L, Han B, Li X, Wei W, He J. Trends of gastric cancer burdens attributable to risk factors in China from 2000 to 2050. THE LANCET REGIONAL HEALTH. WESTERN PACIFIC 2024; 44:101003. [PMID: 38269331 PMCID: PMC10806286 DOI: 10.1016/j.lanwpc.2023.101003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Background The incidence of gastric cancer (GC) decreased in past decades, which was thought largely attributable to risk factors control, yet China still accounts for 44% of global GC burdens. We aimed to estimate changing trajectories of proportions of GC burdens attributable to modifiable risk factors from 2000 to 2050 in China, to inform future targeted preventive strategies. Methods The incidence and new cases of GC were predicted to 2050 using Bayesian age-period-cohort model based on incidence data by anatomical subsites drawn from 682 cancer registries from National Central Cancer Registry. Population attributable fractions (PAFs) were calculated based on prevalence of risk factors and relative risks with GC. Temporal trends of PAFs were described by sex and categories of risk factors using joinpoint analysis. Findings We observed declining trends of PAFs of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection, smoking, pickled vegetable and alcohol consumption, but increasing trends of PAFs of unhealthy body mass index and diabetes for GC in China. The combined PAFs of these risk factors were estimated to decrease by 10.57% from 2000 to 2050 for GC. We estimated there will be 279,707 GC (122,796 cardia gastric cancer [CGC] and 156,911 non-cardia gastric cancer [NCGC]) cases in 2050. Out of these cases, 70.18% of GC cases could be attributable to modifiable risk factors, while H. pylori infection was predicted to be responsible for 40.7% of CGC and 62.1% of NCGC cases in 2050. Interpretation More than half of GC remained attributable to modifiable risk factors in China. Continued effective strategies on risk factors control are needed to reduce the burden of this highly life-threatening cancer in future. Funding Beijing Nova Program (No. Z201100006820069), CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences (CIFMS, grant No. 2021-I2M-1-023), CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences (CIFMS, grant No. 2021-I2M-1-010), Talent Incentive Program of Cancer Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (Hope Star).
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Affiliation(s)
- Feifan He
- Office of National Central Cancer Registry, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Shaoming Wang
- Office of National Central Cancer Registry, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Rongshou Zheng
- Office of National Central Cancer Registry, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jianhua Gu
- Office of National Central Cancer Registry, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Hongmei Zeng
- Office of National Central Cancer Registry, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Kexin Sun
- Office of National Central Cancer Registry, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Ru Chen
- Office of National Central Cancer Registry, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Li Li
- Office of National Central Cancer Registry, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Bingfeng Han
- Office of National Central Cancer Registry, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xinqing Li
- Office of National Central Cancer Registry, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Wenqiang Wei
- Office of National Central Cancer Registry, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jie He
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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5
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Botteri E, Peveri G, Berstad P, Bagnardi V, Hoff G, Heath AK, Cross AJ, Vineis P, Dossus L, Johansson M, Freisling H, Matta K, Huybrechts I, Chen SLF, B Borch K, Sandanger TM, H Nøst T, Dahm CC, Antoniussen CS, Tin Tin S, Fournier A, Marques C, Artaud F, Sánchez MJ, Guevara M, Santiuste C, Agudo A, Bajracharya R, Katzke V, Ricceri F, Agnoli C, Bergmann MM, Schulze MB, Panico S, Masala G, Tjønneland A, Olsen A, Stocks T, Manjer J, Aizpurua-Atxega A, Weiderpass E, Riboli E, Gunter MJ, Ferrari P. Lifestyle changes in middle age and risk of cancer: evidence from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition. Eur J Epidemiol 2024; 39:147-159. [PMID: 38180593 DOI: 10.1007/s10654-023-01059-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
In this study, we aimed to provide novel evidence on the impact of changing lifestyle habits on cancer risk. In the EPIC cohort, 295,865 middle-aged participants returned a lifestyle questionnaire at baseline and during follow-up. At both timepoints, we calculated a healthy lifestyle index (HLI) score based on cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption, body mass index and physical activity. HLI ranged from 0 (most unfavourable) to 16 (most favourable). We estimated the association between HLI change and risk of lifestyle-related cancers-including cancer of the breast, lung, colorectum, stomach, liver, cervix, oesophagus, bladder, and others-using Cox regression models. We reported hazard ratios (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Median time between the two questionnaires was 5.7 years, median age at follow-up questionnaire was 59 years. After the follow-up questionnaire, we observed 14,933 lifestyle-related cancers over a median follow-up of 7.8 years. Each unit increase in the HLI score was associated with 4% lower risk of lifestyle-related cancers (HR 0.96; 95%CI 0.95-0.97). Among participants in the top HLI third at baseline (HLI > 11), those in the bottom third at follow-up (HLI ≤ 9) had 21% higher risk of lifestyle-related cancers (HR 1.21; 95%CI 1.07-1.37) than those remaining in the top third. Among participants in the bottom HLI third at baseline, those in the top third at follow-up had 25% lower risk of lifestyle-related cancers (HR 0.75; 95%CI 0.65-0.86) than those remaining in the bottom third. These results indicate that lifestyle changes in middle age may have a significant impact on cancer risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edoardo Botteri
- Department of Research, Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway
- Section for Colorectal Cancer Screening, Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway
| | - Giulia Peveri
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Paula Berstad
- Section for Colorectal Cancer Screening, Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway
| | - Vincenzo Bagnardi
- Department of Statistics and Quantitative Methods, University of Milan-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Geir Hoff
- Section for Colorectal Cancer Screening, Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Research, Telemark Hospital, Skien, Norway
| | - Alicia K Heath
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Amanda J Cross
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Paolo Vineis
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Laure Dossus
- International Agency for Research On Cancer (IARC-WHO), World Health Organization, 25, Avenue Tony Garnier, CS 90627, 69366, Lyon Cedex 07, France
| | - Mattias Johansson
- International Agency for Research On Cancer (IARC-WHO), World Health Organization, 25, Avenue Tony Garnier, CS 90627, 69366, Lyon Cedex 07, France
| | - Heinz Freisling
- International Agency for Research On Cancer (IARC-WHO), World Health Organization, 25, Avenue Tony Garnier, CS 90627, 69366, Lyon Cedex 07, France
| | - Komodo Matta
- International Agency for Research On Cancer (IARC-WHO), World Health Organization, 25, Avenue Tony Garnier, CS 90627, 69366, Lyon Cedex 07, France
| | - Inge Huybrechts
- International Agency for Research On Cancer (IARC-WHO), World Health Organization, 25, Avenue Tony Garnier, CS 90627, 69366, Lyon Cedex 07, France
| | - Sairah L F Chen
- Department of Community Medicine, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Kristin B Borch
- Department of Community Medicine, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Torkjel M Sandanger
- Department of Community Medicine, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Therese H Nøst
- Department of Community Medicine, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
- HUNT Center for Molecular and Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing , NTNU - Norwegian University of Science and Technology , Trondheim, Norway
| | | | | | - Sandar Tin Tin
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Oxford Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Agnès Fournier
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Inserm "Exposome, Heredity, Cancer and Health" Team, CESP U1018, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Chloé Marques
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Inserm "Exposome, Heredity, Cancer and Health" Team, CESP U1018, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Fanny Artaud
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Inserm "Exposome, Heredity, Cancer and Health" Team, CESP U1018, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Maria-José Sánchez
- Escuela Andaluza de Salud Pública (EASP), Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria Ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Marcela Guevara
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Salud Pública y Laboral de Navarra, 31003, Pamplona, Spain
- Navarre Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), 31008, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Carmen Santiuste
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Epidemiology, Murcia Regional Health Council, IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
| | - Antonio Agudo
- Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Catalan Institute of Oncology - ICO, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
- Nutrition and Cancer Group; Epidemiology, Public Health, Cancer Prevention and Palliative Care Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute - IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Rashmita Bajracharya
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Verena Katzke
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Fulvio Ricceri
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, Centre for Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Public Health, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Claudia Agnoli
- Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Manuela M Bergmann
- German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Matthias B Schulze
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany
- Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Salvatore Panico
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanna Masala
- Institute for Cancer Research, Prevention and Clinical Network (ISPRO), Florence, Italy
| | - Anne Tjønneland
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anja Olsen
- Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Tanja Stocks
- Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Jonas Manjer
- Department of Surgery, Skåne University Hospital Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Amaia Aizpurua-Atxega
- Epidemiology of Chronic and Communicable Diseases Group, Biodonostia Health Research Institute, San Sebastián, Spain
- Sub Directorate for Public Health and Addictions of Gipuzkoa, Ministry of Health of the Basque Government, San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Elisabete Weiderpass
- International Agency for Research On Cancer (IARC-WHO), World Health Organization, 25, Avenue Tony Garnier, CS 90627, 69366, Lyon Cedex 07, France
| | - Elio Riboli
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Marc J Gunter
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
- International Agency for Research On Cancer (IARC-WHO), World Health Organization, 25, Avenue Tony Garnier, CS 90627, 69366, Lyon Cedex 07, France
| | - Pietro Ferrari
- International Agency for Research On Cancer (IARC-WHO), World Health Organization, 25, Avenue Tony Garnier, CS 90627, 69366, Lyon Cedex 07, France.
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Schmutz A, Matta M, Cairat M, Espina C, Schüz J, Kampman E, Ervik M, Vineis P, Kelm O. Mapping the European cancer prevention research landscape: A case for more prevention research funding. Eur J Cancer 2023; 195:113378. [PMID: 37924646 PMCID: PMC10697826 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2023.113378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023]
Abstract
Despite the strong evidence of prevention as a prime defence against the disease, the majority of cancer research investment continues to be made in basic science and clinical translational research. Little quantitative data is available to guide decisions on the choice of research priorities or the allocation of research resources. The primary aim of the mapping of the European cancer prevention research landscape presented in this paper is to provide the evidence-base to inform future investments in cancer research. Using bibliometric data to identify funders that are active in prevention research in Europe and in the world, we have identified that 14% of cancer research papers had a focus on prevention research and those were funded by 16% of all the European cancer research funders. An important finding of our study is the lack of research on primary prevention with primary prevention funders accounting for 25% of European cancer prevention funders, meaning that less than 4% of all European cancer research funders identified show an interest in primary prevention. An additional analysis revealed that 7% of European cancer prevention research papers are categorised as implementation projects, meaning that only 1% of all cancer research publications are implementation research in cancer prevention. This paper highlights that the narrow focus on biology and treatment in Europe needs to be widened to include such areas as primary prevention and secondary prevention and a larger concentration on implementation research. These data can help support a more policy-focused cancer research agenda for individual European governments and charitable and philanthropic organisations and stimulate joining efforts across Europe to create a more systematic and structured approach to cancer prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Schmutz
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/WHO), Resource Mobilization Office, 25 Avenue Tony Garnier CS 90627, 69366 Lyon CEDEX 07, France.
| | - Michele Matta
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/WHO), Environment and Lifestyle Epidemiology Branch, 25 Avenue Tony Garnier CS 90627, 69366 Lyon CEDEX 07, France
| | - Manon Cairat
- Centre de Recherche en Epidémiologie et Santé des Populations (CESP), U1018, INSERM, Hôpital Paul Brousse Bat 15/16, 16 Av PV Couturier, 94807 Villejuif Cedex, France
| | - Carolina Espina
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/WHO), Environment and Lifestyle Epidemiology Branch, 25 Avenue Tony Garnier CS 90627, 69366 Lyon CEDEX 07, France
| | - Joachim Schüz
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/WHO), Environment and Lifestyle Epidemiology Branch, 25 Avenue Tony Garnier CS 90627, 69366 Lyon CEDEX 07, France
| | - Ellen Kampman
- Wageningen University, PO Box 17, 6700 AA Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Morten Ervik
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/WHO), Cancer Surveillance Branch, 25 Avenue Tony Garnier CS 90627, 69366 Lyon CEDEX 07, France
| | - Paolo Vineis
- MRC Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Olaf Kelm
- International Human Frontier Science Program Organization (HFSPO), 67000 Strasbourg, France
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Frick C, Rumgay H, Vignat J, Ginsburg O, Nolte E, Bray F, Soerjomataram I. Quantitative estimates of preventable and treatable deaths from 36 cancers worldwide: a population-based study. Lancet Glob Health 2023; 11:e1700-e1712. [PMID: 37774721 PMCID: PMC10581909 DOI: 10.1016/s2214-109x(23)00406-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer is a leading cause of premature mortality globally. This study estimates premature deaths at ages 30-69 years and distinguishes these as deaths that are preventable (avertable through primary or secondary prevention) or treatable (avertable through curative treatment) in 185 countries worldwide. METHODS For this population-based study, estimated cancer deaths by country, cancer, sex, and age groups were retrieved from the International Agency for Research on Cancer's GLOBOCAN 2020 database. Crude and age-adjusted cancer-specific years of life lost (YLLs) were calculated for 36 cancer types. FINDINGS Of the estimated all-ages cancer burden of 265·6 million YLLs, 182·8 million (68·8%) YLLs were due to premature deaths from cancer globally in 2020, with 124·3 million (68·0%) preventable and 58·5 million (32·0%) treatable. Countries with low, medium, or high human development index (HDI) levels all had greater proportions of YLLs at premature ages than very high HDI countries (68·9%, 77·0%, and 72·2% vs 57·7%, respectively). Lung cancer was the leading contributor to preventable premature YLLs in medium to very high HDI countries (17·4% of all cancers, or 29·7 million of 171·3 million YLLs), whereas cervical cancer led in low HDI countries (26·3% of all preventable cancers, or 1·83 million of 6·93 million YLLs). Colorectal and breast cancers were major treatable cancers across all four tiers of HDI (25·5% of all treatable cancers in combination, or 14·9 million of 58·5 million YLLs). INTERPRETATION Alongside tailored programmes of early diagnosis and screening linked to timely and comprehensive treatment, greater investments in risk factor reduction and vaccination are needed to address premature cancer inequalities. FUNDING Erasmus Mundus Exchange Programme and the International Agency for Research on Cancer. TRANSLATIONS For the German, French, Spanish and Chinese translations of the abstract see Supplementary Materials section.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Frick
- Cancer Surveillance Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France; Institute for Medical Information Processing, Biometry and Epidemiology, Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich, Germany; Pettenkofer School of Public Health, Munich, Germany.
| | - Harriet Rumgay
- Cancer Surveillance Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Jérôme Vignat
- Cancer Surveillance Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Ophira Ginsburg
- Centre for Global Health, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ellen Nolte
- London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Freddie Bray
- Cancer Surveillance Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
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Saito E, Tanaka S, Abe SK, Hirayabashi M, Ishihara J, Katanoda K, Lin Y, Nagata C, Sawada N, Takachi R, Goto A, Tanaka J, Ueda K, Hori M, Matsuda T, Inoue M. Economic burden of cancer attributable to modifiable risk factors in Japan. Glob Health Med 2023; 5:238-245. [PMID: 37655182 PMCID: PMC10461334 DOI: 10.35772/ghm.2023.01001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Controlling avoidable causes of cancer may save cancer-related healthcare costs and indirect costs of premature deaths and productivity loss. This study aimed to estimate the economic burden of cancer attributable to major lifestyle and environmental risk factors in Japan in 2015. We evaluated the economic cost of cancer attributable to modifiable risk factors from a societal perspective. We obtained the direct medical costs for 2015 from the National Database of Health Insurance Claims and Specific Health Checkups of Japan, and estimated the indirect costs of premature mortality and of morbidity due to cancer using the relevant national surveys in Japan. Finally, we estimated the economic cost of cancer associated with lifestyle and environmental risk factors. The estimated cost of cancer attributable to lifestyle and environmental factors was 1,024,006 million Japanese yen (¥) (8,460 million US dollars [$]) for both sexes, and ¥673,780 million ($5,566 million) in men and ¥350,226 million ($2,893 million) in women, using the average exchange rate in 2015 ($1 = ¥121.044). A total of ¥285,150 million ($2,356 million) was lost due to premature death in Japan in 2015. Indirect morbidity costs that could have been prevented were estimated to be ¥200,602 million ($1,657 million). Productivity loss was highest for stomach cancer in men (¥28,735 million/$237 million) and cervical cancer in women (¥24,448 million/$202 million). Preventing and controlling cancers caused by infections including Helicobacter pylori, human papillomavirus and tobacco smoking will not only be life-saving but may also be cost-saving in the long run.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eiko Saito
- Institute for Global Health Policy Research, Bureau of International Health Cooperation, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shiori Tanaka
- Division of Prevention, Institute for Cancer Control, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sarah Krull Abe
- Division of Prevention, Institute for Cancer Control, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mayo Hirayabashi
- Division of Prevention, Institute for Cancer Control, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Junko Ishihara
- School of Life and Environmental Science, Department of Food and Life Science, Azabu University, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Kota Katanoda
- Division of Surveillance and Policy Evaluation, National Cancer Center Institute for Cancer Control, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yingsong Lin
- Department of Public Health, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Nagakute, Japan
| | - Chisato Nagata
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan
| | - Norie Sawada
- Division of Cohort Research, Institute for Cancer Control, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ribeka Takachi
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Graduate School of Humanities and Sciences, Nara Women's University, Nara, Japan
| | - Atsushi Goto
- Yokohama City University, Department of Health Data Science, Graduate School of Data Science, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Junko Tanaka
- Department of Epidemiology, Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Kayo Ueda
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Megumi Hori
- School of Nursing, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Matsuda
- Division of International Health Policy Research, Institute for Cancer Control, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Manami Inoue
- Division of Prevention, Institute for Cancer Control, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan
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Ribeiro AG, Ferlay J, Vaccarella S, Latorre MDRDDO, Fregnani JHTG, Bray F. Cancer inequalities in incidence and mortality in the State of São Paulo, Brazil 2001-17. Cancer Med 2023; 12:16615-16625. [PMID: 37345901 PMCID: PMC10469722 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.6259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer disparities exist between and within countries; we sought to compare cancer-specific incidence and mortality according to area-level socioeconomic status (SES) in the State of São Paulo, Brazil. METHODS Cancer cases diagnosed 2003-2017 in the Barretos region and 2001-2015 in the municipality of São Paulo were obtained from the respective cancer registries. Corresponding cancer deaths were obtained from a Brazilian public government database. Age-standardized rates for all cancer combined and the six most common cancers were calculated by SES quartiles. RESULTS There were 14,628 cancer cases and 7513 cancer deaths in Barretos, and 472,712 corresponding cases and 194,705 deaths in São Paulo. A clear SES-cancer gradient was seen in São Paulo, with rates varying from 188.4 to 333.1 in low to high SES areas, respectively. There was a lesser social gradient for mortality, with rates in low to high SES areas ranging from 86.4 to 98.0 in Barretos, and from 99.2 to 100.1 in São Paulo. The magnitude of the incidence rates rose markedly with increasing SES in São Paulo city for colorectal, lung, female breast, and prostate cancer. Conversely, both cervical cancer incidence and mortality rose with lower levels of SES in both regions. CONCLUSIONS A clear SES association was seen for cancers of the prostate, female breast, colorectum, and lung for São Paulo. This study offers a better understanding of the cancer incidence and mortality profile according to SES within a highly populated Brazilian state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adeylson Guimarães Ribeiro
- Cancer Surveillance BranchInternational Agency for Research on CancerLyonFrance
- Educational and Research InstituteBarretos Cancer HospitalBarretosBrazil
| | - Jacques Ferlay
- Cancer Surveillance BranchInternational Agency for Research on CancerLyonFrance
| | | | | | | | - Freddie Bray
- Cancer Surveillance BranchInternational Agency for Research on CancerLyonFrance
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Lamminmäki M, Leivonen A, Heinävaara S, Nygård M, Ursin G, Campbell S, Stefansdóttir H, Hirvonen E, Toikkanen S, Vejborg IMM, Njor SH, Sarkeala T. A population-based cohort study on changes in breast, lung and colorectal cancer incidence and mortality among non-Western immigrant women. BMC Cancer 2023; 23:665. [PMID: 37452314 PMCID: PMC10349457 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-023-11140-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer risk varies geographically, and migrants are influenced by different risk factors before, during and after migration. Increased migration from non-Western countries to the Nordic countries calls for a better understanding of the migrants' cancer risk and the change in risk patterns over time. The aim of this study was to compare the incidence and mortality of breast, colorectal and lung cancer between non-Western immigrant and the native female population in Denmark, Finland, Iceland, and Norway. MATERIAL AND METHODS Data from national registries were processed and pre-analysed in each country. Multivariate Poisson regression models were used to model the relative differences in incidence and mortality as rate ratios (RR). The country-specific estimates and summary statistics were pooled together using a random effects model. RESULTS Non-Western immigrant women had significantly lower breast (RR 0.71, 0.65-0.78), colorectal (RR 0.72, 0.57-0.92) and lung (RR 0.55, 0.42-0.72) cancer incidence rates than native women, and the risk of these cancers among immigrant women increased with duration of residence. Differences were parallel in breast, colorectal and lung cancer mortality (RR 0.64, 0.55-0.74; RR 0.66, 0.48-0.92; RR 0.51, 0.34-0.79). Among immigrant women, higher education increased the risk for breast cancer and decreased it for lung cancer. CONCLUSION The results significantly complement and add to the previous findings of cancer burden and cancer burden transition among migrants and provide evidence of a prolonged cancer risk advantage among non-Western immigrant women. However, the findings show an increasing risk of lifestyle-related cancers with increasing duration of residence in the host country. Further studies are needed to discover underlying reasons for this phenomenon.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Aku Leivonen
- Finnish Cancer Registry, Unioninkatu 22, 00130, Helsinki, Finland
- Data and Analytics Unit, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sirpa Heinävaara
- Finnish Cancer Registry, Unioninkatu 22, 00130, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mari Nygård
- Department of Research, Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway
| | - Giske Ursin
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway
| | | | | | - Elli Hirvonen
- Finnish Cancer Registry, Unioninkatu 22, 00130, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Salla Toikkanen
- Finnish Cancer Registry, Unioninkatu 22, 00130, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ilse Merete Munk Vejborg
- Department of Breast Examinations, Copenhagen University Hospital Herlev Gentofte, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Sisse Helle Njor
- University Research Clinic for Cancer Screening, Randers Regional Hospital, Randers, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Tytti Sarkeala
- Finnish Cancer Registry, Unioninkatu 22, 00130, Helsinki, Finland
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11
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Faury S, Aurouet P, Quintard B, Foucaud J. A Systematic Review on Reporting of Methods in National Surveys about Adults' Attitudes to Lifestyle and Environmental Risk Factors for Cancer. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:ijerph20095755. [PMID: 37174272 PMCID: PMC10177829 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20095755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
The risks of developing cancer are significantly affected by our lifestyle and environment. While there are several uncontrollable risk factors, we can modify our lifestyle and our environment to reduce the increased threat of cancer. This systematic review aims to evaluate the methodological assessment used to evaluate attitudes about cancer risk factors among the general population. Two researchers independently screened the articles for inclusion and Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP) checklists were used to assess the methodology of the included studies. Thirty-one manuscripts met the inclusion criteria with a majority of them focusing on attitudes to several cancer risk factors and six on specific cancer location risk factors. This systematic review highlights the diversity of notions used around attitudes and methods used in the method of administering the survey, as well as the format of the questions and the response scales. It is thus difficult to compare data between different countries. However, cancer is a global problem. Harmonizing methods could allow a comparison of data between countries. Recommendations to this effect are suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphane Faury
- Institut National du Cancer (INCa), Research in Social & Human Sciences, Public Health and Epidemiology Department, 92100 Boulogne-Billancourt, France
- Laboratory of Psychology EA 4139, 33405 Bordeaux, France
| | - Philémon Aurouet
- Institut National du Cancer (INCa), Research in Social & Human Sciences, Public Health and Epidemiology Department, 92100 Boulogne-Billancourt, France
| | - Bruno Quintard
- Laboratory of Psychology EA 4139, 33405 Bordeaux, France
| | - Jérôme Foucaud
- Institut National du Cancer (INCa), Research in Social & Human Sciences, Public Health and Epidemiology Department, 92100 Boulogne-Billancourt, France
- Health Education and Practices Laboratory (LEPS EA 3412), Paris 13 University-UFR SMBH, 93017 Bobigny, France
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12
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Ennequin G, Delrieu L, Rossary A, Jacquinot Q, Mougin F, Thivel D, Duclos M. There is a need for a complete consideration of overall movement behaviors for the prevention, treatment, and follow-up of cancer risks and patients. Front Public Health 2022; 10:1080941. [PMID: 36600945 PMCID: PMC9806166 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1080941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Gaël Ennequin
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CRNH, AME2P, Chaire Santé en Mouvement, Clermont-Ferrand, France,*Correspondence: Gaël Ennequin
| | - Lidia Delrieu
- Residual Tumor and Response to Treatment Laboratory, RT2Lab, Translational Research Department, INSERM, U932 Immunity and Cancer, Institute Curie, Paris University, Paris, France
| | - Adrien Rossary
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, CRNH, UNH, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Quentin Jacquinot
- Regional Federative Cancer Institute of Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
| | - Fabienne Mougin
- Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, EA 3920, Besançon, France
| | - David Thivel
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CRNH, AME2P, Chaire Santé en Mouvement, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Martine Duclos
- Service de Médecine du Sport et des Explorations Fonctionnelles, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Clermont-Ferrand, Institut National de Recherche pour l'Agriculture, l'Alimentation et l'Environnement (INRAE), Unité de Nutrition Humaine (UNH), Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine (CRNH) Auvergne, Chaire Santé en Mouvement, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
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13
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Cabasag CJ, Vignat J, Ferlay J, Arndt V, Lemmens V, Praagman J, Bray F, Soerjomataram I. The preventability of cancer in Europe: A quantitative assessment of avoidable cancer cases across 17 cancer sites and 38 countries in 2020. Eur J Cancer 2022; 177:15-24. [PMID: 36323048 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2022.09.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study is to provide an update of the estimated proportion of avoidable cases across European region for cancers associated with modifiable risk factors. METHODS Age-standardised incidence rates for 38 European countries in 2020 were derived from GLOBOCAN database. For 17 cancer sites, we estimated the number and proportion of avoidable cancer cases. The mean of the three lowest country-specific incidence (excluding rates of zero) was defined as the attainable rate for each combination of cancer site, sex, and age group. The number and proportion of avoidable cancer cases was calculated as the difference between the country-specific and attainable incidence rates. RESULTS Approximately, 697,000 cancer cases (33%) of all cases in men, and 837,000 (44%) in women were potentially avoidable. Lung, colorectal, and female breast cancer contributed the largest avoidable burden from cancer, with a combined 790,000 cases, followed by mesothelioma, melanoma of the skin, laryngeal, and oesophageal cancer as major contributors. Large geographical variations were found in the estimated proportion of avoidable cancer cases by sex. CONCLUSIONS A cohesive population-level preventative effort to reduce modifiable cancer risk factors could potentially have considerable impact in reducing the future burden of many cancers in Europe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Citadel J Cabasag
- Cancer Surveillance Branch, International Agency for Research in Cancer, Lyon, France.
| | - Jerome Vignat
- Cancer Surveillance Branch, International Agency for Research in Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Jacques Ferlay
- Cancer Surveillance Branch, International Agency for Research in Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Volker Arndt
- German Cancer Research Centre (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Valery Lemmens
- Netherlands Comprehensive Cancer Organisation (IKNL), Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Jaike Praagman
- Netherlands Comprehensive Cancer Organisation (IKNL), Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Freddie Bray
- Cancer Surveillance Branch, International Agency for Research in Cancer, Lyon, France
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14
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Matrone A. Risk factors in thyroid cancer: is the obesity pandemic an important factor? Expert Rev Endocrinol Metab 2022; 17:463-466. [PMID: 36345844 DOI: 10.1080/17446651.2022.2144832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Matrone
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Operative Unit of Endocrinology, Pisa University Hospital, Pisa, Italy
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15
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Martin-Fernandez J, Stevens N, Moriceau S, Serre F, Blanc H, Latourte E, Auriacombe M, Cambon L. Realist evaluation of the impact, viability and transferability of an alcohol harm reduction support programme based on mental health recovery: the Vitae study protocol. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e065361. [PMID: 35953259 PMCID: PMC9379535 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-065361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Addiction is considered a chronic disease associated with a high rate of relapse as a consequence of the addictive condition. Most of the current therapeutic work focuses on the notion of relapse prevention or avoidance and the control of its determinants. Since only a small portion of patients can access alcohol addiction treatment, it is crucial to find a way to offer new support towards safe consumptions, reductions or cessations. The harm reduction (HR) approach and mental health recovery perspective offers another way to support the patient with alcohol addiction. Vitae is a realist evaluation of the impact, viability and transferability of the IACA! programme, an HR programme based on the principle of psychosocial recovery for people with alcohol use disorders. METHODS AND ANALYSIS The Vitae study adheres to the theory-driven evaluation framework where the realist evaluation method and contribution analysis are used to explore the effects, mechanisms and influence of context on the outcomes and to develop and adjust an intervention theory. This study is a 12-month, multi-case, longitudinal descriptive pilot study using mixed methods. It is multi-centred, and carried out in 10 addiction treatment or prevention centres. In this study, outcomes are related to the evolution of alcohol use and the beneficiaries trajectory in terms of psychosocial recovery during these 12 months after the start of IACA!. The target number of participants are 100 beneficiaries and 23 professionals. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION This research was approved by the Committee for the Protection of Persons Ouest V n°: 21/008-3HPS and was reported to the French National Agency for the Safety of Health Products. All participants will provide consent prior to participation. The results will be reported in international peer-reviewed journals and presented at scientific and public conferences. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBERS NCT04927455; ID-RCB2020-A03371-38.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith Martin-Fernandez
- PHARes-MéRISP Team, Univ. Bordeaux, ISPED, Inserm, UMR 1219 Bordeaux Population Health, Bordeaux, France
- University Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Nolwenn Stevens
- PHARes-MéRISP Team, Univ. Bordeaux, ISPED, Inserm, UMR 1219 Bordeaux Population Health, Bordeaux, France
- University Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Sarah Moriceau
- University Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
- Pôle Addictologie et Filière Régionale, CH Charles Perrens and CHU de Bordeau, Bordeaux, France
- Addiction Team Phenomenology and Determinants of Appetitive Behaviors, SANPSY, CNRS USR 3413, Bordeaux, France
| | - Fuschia Serre
- University Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
- Pôle Addictologie et Filière Régionale, CH Charles Perrens and CHU de Bordeau, Bordeaux, France
- Addiction Team Phenomenology and Determinants of Appetitive Behaviors, SANPSY, CNRS USR 3413, Bordeaux, France
| | - Hélène Blanc
- Founders, Santé! Organization, Marseille, France
| | | | - Marc Auriacombe
- University Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
- Pôle Addictologie et Filière Régionale, CH Charles Perrens and CHU de Bordeau, Bordeaux, France
- Addiction Team Phenomenology and Determinants of Appetitive Behaviors, SANPSY, CNRS USR 3413, Bordeaux, France
| | - Linda Cambon
- PHARes-MéRISP Team, Univ. Bordeaux, ISPED, Inserm, UMR 1219 Bordeaux Population Health, Bordeaux, France
- University Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
- Prevention department, CHU, Bordeaux, France
- Chaire de prévention, ISPED SPF, Bordeaux, France
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16
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Karasiewicz M, Chawłowska E, Lipiak A, Wiȩckowska B. How to Improve Cancer Prevention Knowledge? A Way to Identify Gaps and Tackle the Limited Availability of Health Education Services in Primary Health Care Using the European Code Against Cancer. Front Public Health 2022; 10:878703. [PMID: 35586014 PMCID: PMC9109786 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.878703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The first line of action against cancer is primary and secondary prevention. Increased efforts are needed in countries where cancer mortality is high and the healthcare system is inefficient. Objectives: Our aim was to present a new solution to identify and fill gaps in health education services in accordance with the European Code Against Cancer (ECAC). Materials and Methods This study was carried out in a rural population of 122 beneficiaries of health education workshops financed by the Polish Cancer League. A self-developed questionnaire was used. PQStat v1.6.8. was also applied. Results Our respondents were mostly farmers (53.3%) and manual workers (16.4%). Most participants self-assessed their health knowledge as good (46.7%). While 42% of all respondents claimed to know the healthy eating pyramid, only 8.2% correctly recognised all of its principles and 23.8% realised the importance of limiting the consumption of red meat. The most commonly recognised cancer risk factor were genetics (72.1%), stimulants such as alcohol or tobacco (51.5%) and environmental pollution (45.1%). UV radiation was not commonly recognised as a risk factor by respondents despite high occupational exposure in this population. We found a high percentage of male smokers. As many as 64.8% of respondents had not been counselled on cancer prevention in their clinics. A family history of cancer (FHC) did not differentiate respondents' health knowledge, health behaviors, or frequency of receiving cancer prevention counselling. Health education and health promotion in the region were unsatisfactory. Conclusions Primary health care (PHC) should become more involved in promoting cancer prevention knowledge. One way could be to encourage health professionals to promote the ECAC. Cancer prevention should target especially persons with FHC and focus on modifiable cancer risk factors. At the workshops we were able to adjust the strength of each ECAC recommendation to best fit the target audience. By diagnosing and targeting specific communities, we can draw the attention of PHC staff and decision-makers to local health promotion needs, which is a good starting point for improving the situation. However, larger scale projects are needed to help design specific solutions to support primary healthcare in promoting ECAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Karasiewicz
- Laboratory of International Health, Department of Preventive Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
- *Correspondence: Monika Karasiewicz
| | - Ewelina Chawłowska
- Laboratory of International Health, Department of Preventive Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Lipiak
- Laboratory of International Health, Department of Preventive Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Barbara Wiȩckowska
- Department of Computer Science and Statistics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
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Brennan P, Davey-Smith G. Identifying Novel Causes of Cancers to Enhance Cancer Prevention: New Strategies Are Needed. J Natl Cancer Inst 2022; 114:353-360. [PMID: 34743211 PMCID: PMC8902436 DOI: 10.1093/jnci/djab204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The burden of cancer from a clinical, societal, and economic viewpoint continues to increase in all parts of the world, along with much debate regarding how to confront this. Projected increases in cancer indicate a 50% increase in the number of cases over the next 2 decades, with the greatest proportional increase in low- and medium-income settings. In contrast to the historic high cancer burden due to viral and bacterial infections in these regions, future increases are expected to be due to cancers linked to westernization including breast, colorectum, lung, and prostate cancer. Identifying the reasons underlying these increases will be paramount to informing prevention efforts. Evidence from epidemiological and laboratory studies conducted in high-income countries over the last 70 years has led to the conclusion that approximately 40% of the cancer burden is explained by known risk factors-the 2 most important being tobacco and obesity in that order-raising the question of what is driving the rest of the cancer burden. International cancer statistics continue to show that approximately 80% of the cancer burden in high-income countries could be preventable in principle, implying that there are important environmental or lifestyle risk factors for cancer that have not yet been discovered. Emerging genomic evidence from population and experimental studies points to an important role for nonmutagenic promoters in driving cancer incidence rates. New research strategies and infrastructures that combine population-based and laboratory research at a global level are required to break this deadlock.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Brennan
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/WHO), Genomic Epidemiology Branch, Lyon, France
| | - George Davey-Smith
- Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU), University of Bristol, Clifton, Bristol, UK
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18
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Inoue M, Hirabayashi M, Abe SK, Katanoda K, Sawada N, Lin Y, Ishihara J, Takachi R, Nagata C, Saito E, Goto A, Ueda K, Tanaka J, Hori M, Matsuda T. Burden of cancer attributable to modifiable factors in Japan in 2015. Glob Health Med 2022; 4:26-36. [PMID: 35291201 DOI: 10.35772/ghm.2021.01037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The This study estimated the cancer burden attributable to modifiable factors in Japan in 2015 using the best available epidemiological evidence and a standard methodology. We selected the following factors for inclusion in the estimates, namely tobacco smoking (active smoking and secondhand smoking), alcohol drinking, excess bodyweight, physical inactivity, infectious agents (Helicobacter pylori, hepatitis C virus, hepatitis B virus, human papilloma virus, Epstein-Barr virus, and human T-cell leukemia virus type 1), dietary intake (highly salted food, fruit, vegetables, dietary fiber, red meat, processed meat), exogenous hormone use, never breastfeeding and air pollution, given that these were considered modifiable, in theory at least. We first estimated the population attributable fraction (PAF) of each cancer attributable to these factors using representative relative risks of Japanese and the prevalence of exposures in Japanese around 2005, in consideration of the 10-year interval between exposure and cancer outcomes. Using nationwide cancer incidence and mortality statistics, we then estimated the attributable cancer incidence and mortality in 2015. We finally obtained the PAF for site-specific and total cancers attributable to all modifiable risk factors using this formula, with statistical consideration of the effect of overlap between risk factors. The results showed that 35.9% of all cancer incidence (43.4% in men and 25.3% in women) and 41.0% of all cancer mortality (49.7% in men and 26.8% in women) would be considered preventable by avoidance of these exposures. Infections and active smoking followed by alcohol drinking were the greatest contributing factors to cancer in Japan in 2015.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manami Inoue
- Division of Prevention, Center for Public Health Sciences, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan.,Division of Cohort Research, Center for Public Health Sciences, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mayo Hirabayashi
- Division of Prevention, Center for Public Health Sciences, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sarah Krull Abe
- Division of Prevention, Center for Public Health Sciences, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kota Katanoda
- Division of Cancer Statistics Integration, Center for Cancer Control and Information Services, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Norie Sawada
- Division of Cohort Research, Center for Public Health Sciences, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yingsong Lin
- Department of Public Health, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Nagakute, Aichi, Japan
| | - Junko Ishihara
- School of Life and Environmental Science, Department of Food and Life Science, Azabu University, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Ribeka Takachi
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Graduate School of Humanities and Sciences, Nara Women's University, Nara, Japan
| | - Chisato Nagata
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan
| | - Eiko Saito
- Division of Cancer Statistics Integration, Center for Cancer Control and Information Services, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Atsushi Goto
- Yokohama City University, Department of Health Data Science, Graduate School of Data Science, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Kayo Ueda
- Environmental Health Sciences, Graduate School of Global Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Junko Tanaka
- Department of Epidemiology, Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Megumi Hori
- Division of Cancer Statistics Integration, Center for Cancer Control and Information Services, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Matsuda
- National Cancer Registry Section Center for Cancer Registries Center for Cancer Control and Information Services/Office of International Affairs, Strategic Planning Bureau National Cancer Center, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan
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19
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Rovira P, Belian G, Ferreira-Borges C, Kilian C, Neufeld M, Tran A, Štelemėkas M, Rehm J. Alcohol taxation, alcohol consumption and cancers in Lithuania: A case study. NORDIC STUDIES ON ALCOHOL AND DRUGS 2022; 39:25-37. [PMID: 35308470 PMCID: PMC8899268 DOI: 10.1177/14550725211021318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims The aim of this contribution was to estimate the impact of the last significant alcohol taxation increase in Lithuania in 2017 on alcohol consumption, incident cancer cases, and cancer mortality, as well as the number of cancer outcomes that could have potentially been averted in 2018 had larger increases in alcohol excise taxation been applied. Design Statistical modelling was used to estimate the change in alcohol per capita consumption following the tax increase, and alcohol-attributable fraction methodology was then used to estimate the associated cancer incidence and mortality. Potential increases of current excise duties were modelled in two steps. First, beverage-specific price elasticities of demand were used to predict the associated decreases in consumption and cancer outcomes, and second, the outcomes arising from the actual numbers and the modelled numbers were compared. Method Data were taken from the following sources: alcohol consumption data from Statistics Lithuania and the WHO, cancer data from the International Agency of Research on Cancer, and risk relations and elasticities of demand from published meta-analyses. Results A total of 15,857 new cancer cases (8,031 in women and 7,826 in men) and 8,534 cancer deaths (3,757 in women and 4,777 in men) were recorded in Lithuania in 2018. Using the attributable fraction methodology, we estimate that 4.8% of 761 of these new cancer cases were attributable to alcohol use (284 in women; 477 in men), as well as 5.5% or 466 cancer deaths (115 in women; 351 in men). With the taxation increase of 2017, 45 new cases and 24 deaths will be averted over the next 10 years. Further taxation increases of 100% could double the number of new cancer cases averted or saved. Conclusion In a high-consumption European country like Lithuania, alcohol use is an important and avoidable risk factor for cancer. Taxation is an important measure to reduce the alcohol-attributable cancer burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pol Rovira
- Public Health Agency of Catalonia, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gražina Belian
- Tobacco and Alcohol Control Department, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Carina Ferreira-Borges
- WHO European Office for Prevention and Control of Noncommunicable Diseases, Russian Federation
| | | | - Maria Neufeld
- WHO European Office for Prevention and Control of Noncommunicable Diseases, Russian Federation Technische Universität Dresden, Germany; and Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, Canada
| | - Alexander Tran
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, Canada
| | | | - Jürgen Rehm
- Public Health Agency of Catalonia, Barcelona, Spain Drug, Tobacco and Alcohol Control Department, Vilnius, Lithuania Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, Canada University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation
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20
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Dey D, Hasan MM, Biswas P, Papadakos SP, Rayan RA, Tasnim S, Bilal M, Islam MJ, Arshe FA, Arshad EM, Farzana M, Rahaman TI, Baral SK, Paul P, Bibi S, Rahman MA, Kim B. Investigating the Anticancer Potential of Salvicine as a Modulator of Topoisomerase II and ROS Signaling Cascade. Front Oncol 2022; 12:899009. [PMID: 35719997 PMCID: PMC9198638 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.899009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Salvicine is a new diterpenoid quinone substance from a natural source, specifically in a Chinese herb. It has powerful growth-controlling abilities against a broad range of human cancer cells in both in vitro and in vivo environments. A significant inhibitory effect of salvicine on multidrug-resistant (MDR) cells has also been discovered. Several research studies have examined the activities of salvicine on topoisomerase II (Topo II) by inducing reactive oxygen species (ROS) signaling. As opposed to the well-known Topo II toxin etoposide, salvicine mostly decreases the catalytic activity with a negligible DNA breakage effect, as revealed by several enzymatic experiments. Interestingly, salvicine dramatically reduces lung metastatic formation in the MDA-MB-435 orthotopic lung cancer cell line. Recent investigations have established that salvicine is a new non-intercalative Topo II toxin by interacting with the ATPase domains, increasing DNA-Topo II interaction, and suppressing DNA relegation and ATP hydrolysis. In addition, investigations have revealed that salvicine-induced ROS play a critical role in the anticancer-mediated signaling pathway, involving Topo II suppression, DNA damage, overcoming multidrug resistance, and tumor cell adhesion suppression, among other things. In the current study, we demonstrate the role of salvicine in regulating the ROS signaling pathway and the DNA damage response (DDR) in suppressing the progression of cancer cells. We depict the mechanism of action of salvicine in suppressing the DNA-Topo II complex through ROS induction along with a brief discussion of the anticancer perspective of salvicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dipta Dey
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology department, Life Science Faculty, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalgonj, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad Mehedi Hasan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Life Science, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Tangail, Bangladesh
| | - Partha Biswas
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, Jashore University of Science and Technology (JUST), Jashore, Bangladesh
- ABEx Bio-Research Center, East Azampur, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Stavros P. Papadakos
- First Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (NKUA), Athens, Greece
| | - Rehab A. Rayan
- Department of Epidemiology, High Institute of Public Health, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Sabiha Tasnim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Muhammad Bilal
- College of Pharmacy, Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences, Jamshoro, Pakistan
| | - Mohammod Johirul Islam
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Life Science, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Tangail, Bangladesh
| | - Farzana Alam Arshe
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Efat Muhammad Arshad
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Maisha Farzana
- College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, University Avenue, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Tanjim Ishraq Rahaman
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Faculty of Life Science, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj, Bangladesh
| | | | - Priyanka Paul
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology department, Life Science Faculty, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalgonj, Bangladesh
| | - Shabana Bibi
- Yunnan Herbal Laboratory, College of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
- Department of Biological Sciences, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Md. Ataur Rahman
- Global Biotechnology & Biomedical Research Network (GBBRN), Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Islamic University, Kushtia, Bangladesh
- Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
- Korean Medicine-Based Drug Repositioning Cancer Research Center, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
- *Correspondence: Md. Ataur Rahman, ; Bonglee Kim,
| | - Bonglee Kim
- Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
- Korean Medicine-Based Drug Repositioning Cancer Research Center, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
- *Correspondence: Md. Ataur Rahman, ; Bonglee Kim,
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21
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Kilian C, Rovira P, Neufeld M, Ferreira-Borges C, Rumgay H, Soerjomataram I, Rehm J. Modelling the impact of increased alcohol taxation on alcohol-attributable cancers in the WHO European Region. THE LANCET REGIONAL HEALTH. EUROPE 2021; 11:100225. [PMID: 34918000 PMCID: PMC8642705 DOI: 10.1016/j.lanepe.2021.100225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Reducing the alcohol-attributable cancer burden in the WHO European Region is a public health priority. This study aims to estimate the number of potentially avoidable cancers in countries of the WHO European Region in 2019 for three scenarios in which current excise duties on alcoholic beverages were increased by 20%, 50%, or 100%. METHODS Mean prices and excise duties for beer, wine, and spirits in the Member States of the WHO European Region in 2020 were used as the baseline scenario. We assumed that increases in excise duties (20%, 50%, and 100%) were fully incorporated into the consumer price. Beverage-specific price elasticities of demand, with lower elasticities for heavy drinkers, were obtained from a meta-analysis. Model estimates were applied to alcohol exposure data for 2009 and cancer incidence and mortality rates for 2019, assuming a 10-year lag time between alcohol intake and cancer development and mortality. FINDINGS Of 180,887 (95% Confidence interval [CI]: 160,595-201,705) new alcohol-attributable cancer cases and 85,130 (95% CI: 74,920-95,523) deaths in the WHO European Region in 2019, 5·9% (95% CI: 5·6-6·4) and 5·7% (95% CI: 5·4-6·1), respectively, could have been avoided by increasing excise duties by 100%. According to our model, alcohol-attributable female breast cancer and colorectal cancer contributed most to the avoidable cases and deaths. INTERPRETATION Doubling current alcohol excise duties could avoid just under 6% (or 10,700 cases and 4,850 deaths) of new alcohol-attributable cancers within the WHO European Region, particularly in Member States of the European Union where excise duties are in many cases very low. FUNDING None.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolin Kilian
- Institute of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Pol Rovira
- Program on Substance Abuse, Public Health Agency of Catalonia, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria Neufeld
- Institute of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- WHO European Office for Prevention and Control of Noncommunicable Diseases, Moscow, Russian Federation
- Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Carina Ferreira-Borges
- WHO European Office for Prevention and Control of Noncommunicable Diseases, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Harriet Rumgay
- Cancer Surveillance Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | | | - Jürgen Rehm
- Institute of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Program on Substance Abuse, Public Health Agency of Catalonia, Barcelona, Spain
- Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, ON, Canada
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, CAMH, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of International Health Projects, Institute for Leadership and Health Management, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Addiction Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Department of Psychiatry, Hamburg, Germany
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22
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Vineis P, Beagley J, Bisceglia L, Carra L, Cingolani R, Forastiere F, Musco F, Romanello M, Saracci R. Strategy for primary prevention of non-communicable diseases (NCD) and mitigation of climate change in Italy. J Epidemiol Community Health 2021; 75:917-924. [PMID: 33927002 PMCID: PMC8372375 DOI: 10.1136/jech-2020-215726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This paper derives from a document commissioned in 2019 by the Italian Minister of Health, and outlines a general strategy for primary prevention of non-communicable diseases in Italy, with a special focus on cobenefits of climate change mitigation. Given that action against climate change is primarily taken via energy choices, limiting the use of fossil fuels and promoting renewable sources, an effective strategy is one in which interventions are designed to prevent diseases and jointly mitigate climate change, the so-called cobenefits. For policies capable of producing relevant co-benefits we focus on three categories of interventions, urban planning, diet and transport that are of special importance. For example, policies promoting active transport (cycling, walking) have the triple effect of mitigating greenhouse gas emissions, preventing diseases related to atmospheric pollution, and increasing physical activity, thus preventing obesity and diabetes.In particular, we propose that for 2025 the following goals are achieved: reduce the prevalence of smokers by 30%, with particular emphasis on young people; reduce the prevalence of childhood obesity by 20%; reduce the proportion of calories obtained from ultraprocessed foods by 20%; reduce the consumption of alcohol by 10%; reduce the consumption of salt by 30%; reduce the consumption of sugary drinks by 20%; reduce the average consumption of meat by 20%; increase the weekly hours of exercise by 10%. The aim is to complement individual health promotion with structural policies (such as urban planning, taxation and incentives) which render the former more effective and result in a reduction in inequality. We strongly encourage the inclusion of primary prevention in all policies, in light of the described cobenefits. Italy's role as the cohost of the 2020 (now 2021) UN climate negotiations (COP26) presents the opportunity for international leadership in addressing health as an integral component of the response to climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Vineis
- School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Italian Institute of Technology, Genova, Liguria, Italy
| | | | | | - Luca Carra
- Agenzia Giornalistica Zadig, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | - Rodolfo Saracci
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, Rhône-Alpes, France
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23
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Matsuda T, Matsuo K, Sawada N, Inoue M. International strategy in cancer epidemiology: Japan's involvement in global projects and future role. Glob Health Med 2021; 3:187-195. [PMID: 34532599 DOI: 10.35772/ghm.2021.01002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, collaboration among researchers in the field of cancer epidemiology has been accelerating in various forms. Here, we review recent trends in international collaborative research activities in the cancer epidemiology field in Japan. These include not only support for other countries with less developed cancer statistics infrastructures, but also large-scale compilations and international comparisons through collaborative studies, as well as integration with analytical epidemiology and clinical research. Formation of international cohort consortia and estimates of cancer and risk factors in each country have contributed to raising the skill levels of cancer epidemiologists as well as to expanding research networks and activities among cancer epidemiologists. Molecular and genome epidemiological studies on cancer have progressed over decades and these continue to increase in size and dimension. Application of evidence from this area in prevention is still underway and needs further effort. Japanese epidemiologists have great potential to assume international leadership roles by taking advantage of the uniqueness, originality and characteristics of Japanese cohorts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiro Matsuda
- Division of International Collaborative Research, Center for Public Health Sciences, National Cancer Center, Japan
| | - Keitaro Matsuo
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Norie Sawada
- Division of Cohort Research, Center for Public Health Sciences, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Manami Inoue
- Division of Cohort Research, Center for Public Health Sciences, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan.,Division of Prevention, Center for Public Health Sciences, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan
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24
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Dossus L, Kouloura E, Biessy C, Viallon V, Siskos AP, Dimou N, Rinaldi S, Merritt MA, Allen N, Fortner R, Kaaks R, Weiderpass E, Gram IT, Rothwell JA, Lécuyer L, Severi G, Schulze MB, Nøst TH, Crous-Bou M, Sánchez MJ, Amiano P, Colorado-Yohar SM, Gurrea AB, Schmidt JA, Palli D, Agnoli C, Tumino R, Sacerdote C, Mattiello A, Vermeulen R, Heath AK, Christakoudi S, Tsilidis KK, Travis RC, Gunter MJ, Keun HC. Prospective analysis of circulating metabolites and endometrial cancer risk. Gynecol Oncol 2021; 162:475-481. [PMID: 34099314 PMCID: PMC8336647 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2021.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Endometrial cancer is strongly associated with obesity and dysregulation of metabolic factors such as estrogen and insulin signaling are causal risk factors for this malignancy. To identify additional novel metabolic pathways associated with endometrial cancer we performed metabolomic analyses on pre-diagnostic plasma samples from 853 case-control pairs from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC). METHODS A total of 129 metabolites (acylcarnitines, amino acids, biogenic amines, glycerophospholipids, hexoses, and sphingolipids) were measured by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Conditional logistic regression estimated the associations of metabolites with endometrial cancer risk. An analysis focusing on clusters of metabolites using the bootstrap lasso method was also employed. RESULTS After adjustment for body mass index, sphingomyelin [SM] C18:0 was positively (OR1SD: 1.18, 95% CI: 1.05-1.33), and glycine, serine, and free carnitine (C0) were inversely (OR1SD: 0.89, 95% CI: 0.80-0.99; OR1SD: 0.89, 95% CI: 0.79-1.00 and OR1SD: 0.91, 95% CI: 0.81-1.00, respectively) associated with endometrial cancer risk. Serine, C0 and two sphingomyelins were selected by the lasso method in >90% of the bootstrap samples. The ratio of esterified to free carnitine (OR1SD: 1.14, 95% CI: 1.02-1.28) and that of short chain to free acylcarnitines (OR1SD: 1.12, 95% CI: 1.00-1.25) were positively associated with endometrial cancer risk. Further adjustment for C-peptide or other endometrial cancer risk factors only minimally altered the results. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that variation in levels of glycine, serine, SM C18:0 and free carnitine may represent specific pathways linked to endometrial cancer development. If causal, these pathways may offer novel targets for endometrial cancer prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laure Dossus
- Nutrition and Metabolism Section, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France.
| | - Eirini Kouloura
- Cancer Metabolism and Systems Toxicology Group, Division of Cancer, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College, London, UK; European Food Safety Authority, Via Carlo Magno 1A, 43126 Parma, Italy
| | - Carine Biessy
- Nutrition and Metabolism Section, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Vivian Viallon
- Nutrition and Metabolism Section, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Alexandros P Siskos
- Cancer Metabolism and Systems Toxicology Group, Division of Cancer, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Niki Dimou
- Nutrition and Metabolism Section, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Sabina Rinaldi
- Nutrition and Metabolism Section, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Melissa A Merritt
- Cancer Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Naomi Allen
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Renee Fortner
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Rudolf Kaaks
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Elisabete Weiderpass
- Office of the Director, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Inger T Gram
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø, The Arctic University of Norway, Troms, Norway
| | - Joseph A Rothwell
- Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, CESP, Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Inserm U1018, Villejuif, France; Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Lucie Lécuyer
- Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, CESP, Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Inserm U1018, Villejuif, France; Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Gianluca Severi
- Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, CESP, Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Inserm U1018, Villejuif, France; Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France; Department of Statistics, Computer Science and Applications "G. Parenti" (DISIA), University of Florence, Italy
| | - Matthias B Schulze
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany; Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Therese Haugdahl Nøst
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø, The Arctic University of Norway, Troms, Norway
| | - Marta Crous-Bou
- Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Cancer Epidemiology Research Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Barcelona, Spain; Nutrition and Cancer Group, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston,USA
| | - Maria-Jose Sánchez
- Escuela Andaluza de Salud Pública (EASP), Granada, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Pilar Amiano
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; Public Health Division of Gipuzkoa, BioDonostia Research Institute, Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Sandra M Colorado-Yohar
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; Department of Epidemiology, Murcia Regional Health Council, IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain; Research Group on Demography and Health, National Faculty of Public Health, University of Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Aurelio Barricarte Gurrea
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; Navarra Public Health Institute, Pamplona, Spain; Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA) Pamplona, Spain
| | - Julie A Schmidt
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Domenico Palli
- Institute for Cancer Research, Prevention and Clinical Network - ISPRO, Cancer Risk Factors and Life-Style Epidemiology Unit, Florence, Italy
| | - Claudia Agnoli
- Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Rosario Tumino
- Cancer Registry and Histopathology Department, Provincial Health Authority (ASP) Ragusa, Italy
| | - Carlotta Sacerdote
- Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, Città della Salute e della Scienza University-Hospital and Center for Cancer Prevention (CPO), Turin, Italy
| | - Amalia Mattiello
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Roel Vermeulen
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Alicia K Heath
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Sofia Christakoudi
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK; MRC Centre for Transplantation, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Konstantinos K Tsilidis
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK; Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina School of Medicine, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Ruth C Travis
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Marc J Gunter
- Nutrition and Metabolism Section, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Hector C Keun
- Cancer Metabolism and Systems Toxicology Group, Division of Cancer, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College, London, UK
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Cancer incidence and mortality trends in France over 1990-2018 for solid tumors: the sex gap is narrowing. BMC Cancer 2021; 21:726. [PMID: 34167516 PMCID: PMC8223369 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-021-08261-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To analyze trends in cancer incidence and mortality (France, 1990–2018), with a focus on men-women disparities. Methods Incidence data stemmed from cancer registries (FRANCIM) and mortality data from national statistics (CépiDc). Incidence and mortality rates were modelled using bidimensional penalized splines of age and year (at diagnosis and at death, respectively). Trends in age-standardized rates were summarized by the average annual percent changes (AAPC) for all-cancers combined, 19 solid tumors, and 8 subsites. Sex gaps were indicated using male-to-female rate ratios (relative difference) and male-to-female rate differences (absolute difference) in 1990 and 2018, for incidence and mortality, respectively. Results For all-cancers, the sex gap narrowed over 1990–2018 in incidence (1.6 to 1.2) and mortality (2.3 to 1.7). The largest decreases of the male-to-female incidence rate ratio were for cancers of the lung (9.5 to 2.2), lip - oral cavity - pharynx (10.9 to 3.1), esophagus (12.6 to 4.5) and larynx (17.1 to 7.1). Mixed trends emerged in lung and oesophageal cancers, probably explained by differing risk factors for the two main histological subtypes. Sex incidence gaps narrowed due to increasing trends in men and women for skin melanoma (0.7 to 1, due to initially higher rates in women), cancers of the liver (7.4 to 4.4) and pancreas (2.0 to 1.4). Sex incidence gaps narrowed for colon-rectum (1.7 to 1.4), urinary bladder (6.9 to 6.1) and stomach (2.7 to 2.4) driven by decreasing trends among men. Other cancers showed similar increasing incidence trends in both sexes leading to stable sex gaps: thyroid gland (0.3 to 0.3), kidney (2.2 to 2.4) and central nervous system (1.4 to 1.5). Conclusion In France in 2018, while men still had higher risks of developing or dying from most cancers, the sex gap was narrowing. Efforts should focus on avoiding risk factors (e.g., smoking) and developing etiological studies to understand currently unexplained increasing trends. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12885-021-08261-1.
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Counil É, Henry E. When Scientific Knowledge and Ignorance Make It Difficult to Improve Occupational Health: A French and European Perspective. New Solut 2021; 31:141-151. [PMID: 34038192 DOI: 10.1177/10482911211019135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
This article analyzes the consequences of the increasing reference to scientific expertise in the decision and implementation process of occupational health policy. Based on examples (exposure limits and attributable fractions) taken from an interdisciplinary seminar conducted in 2014 to 2015 in France, it shows how the measurement or regulation of a problem through biomedicine-based tools produces blind spots. It also uses a case study to show the contradictions between scientific and academic aims and public health intervention. Other indirect implications are also examined, such as the limitation of trade unions' scope for action. Finally, the article suggests launching a broad political debate accessible to nonspecialists about collective occupational health issues-a dialogue made difficult by the rise of the afore-mentioned techno-scientific perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Émilie Counil
- French Institute for Demographic Studies (INED), "Mortality, health and epidemiology" research unit, Campus Condorcet, Aubervilliers, France
| | - Emmanuel Henry
- IRISSO, Université Paris-Dauphine, PSL University, CNRS, Paris, France
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27
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Maipas S, Panayiotides IG, Tsiodras S, Kavantzas N. COVID-19 Pandemic and Environmental Health: Effects and the Immediate Need for a Concise Risk Analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH INSIGHTS 2021; 15:1178630221996352. [PMID: 33642862 PMCID: PMC7894687 DOI: 10.1177/1178630221996352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
COVID-19 pandemic, as another disease emerging in the interface between animals and humans, has revealed the importance of interdisciplinary collaborations such as the One Health initiative. Environmental Health, whose role in the One Health concept is well established, has been associated with COVID-19 pandemic via various direct and indirect pathways. Modern lifestyle, climate change, environmental degradation, exposure to chemicals such as endocrine disruptors, and exposure to psychological stress factors impact human health negatively. As a result, many people are in the disadvantageous position to face the pandemic with an already impaired immune system due to their exposure to environmental health hazards. Moreover, the ongoing pandemic has been associated with outdoor and indoor air pollution, water and noise pollution, food security, and plastic pollution issues. Also, the inadequate infrastructure, the lack of proper waste and wastewater management, and the unequal social vulnerability reveal more linkages between Environmental Health and COVID-19 pandemic. The significant emerging ecological risk and its subsequent health implications require immediate risk analysis and risk communication strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sotirios Maipas
- Master Program “Environment and Health. Management of Environmental Health Effects,” Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
- 1st Department of Pathology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens General Hospital “Laikon,” Athens, Greece
| | - Ioannis G Panayiotides
- Master Program “Environment and Health. Management of Environmental Health Effects,” Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
- 2nd Department of Pathology, “Attikon” University Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Sotirios Tsiodras
- 4th Department of Internal Medicine, “Attikon” University Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Kavantzas
- Master Program “Environment and Health. Management of Environmental Health Effects,” Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
- 1st Department of Pathology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens General Hospital “Laikon,” Athens, Greece
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28
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Rovira P, Kilian C, Neufeld M, Rumgay H, Soerjomataram I, Ferreira-Borges C, Shield KD, Sornpaisarn B, Rehm J. Fewer Cancer Cases in 4 Countries of the WHO European Region in 2018 through Increased Alcohol Excise Taxation: A Modelling Study. Eur Addict Res 2021; 27:189-197. [PMID: 33271557 PMCID: PMC8220913 DOI: 10.1159/000511899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Prevention of cancer has been identified as a major public health priority for Europe, and alcohol is a leading risk factor for various types of cancer. This contribution estimates the number of cancer cases that could have potentially been averted in 2018 in 4 European countries if an increase in alcohol excise taxation had been applied. METHODS Current country and beverage-specific excise taxation of 4 member states of the WHO European Region (Germany, Italy, Kazakhstan, and Sweden) was used as a baseline, and the potential impacts of increases of 20, 50, and 100% to current excise duties were modelled. A sensitivity analysis was performed, replacing the current tax rates in the 4 countries by those levied in Finland. The resulting increase in tax was assumed to be fully incorporated into the consumer price, and beverage-specific price elasticities of demand were obtained from meta-analyses, assuming less elasticity for heavy drinkers. Model estimates were applied to cancer incidence rates for the year 2018. RESULTS In the 4 countries, >35,000 cancer cases in 2018 were caused by alcohol consumption, with the highest rate of alcohol-attributable cancers recorded in Germany and the lowest in Sweden. An increase in excise duties on alcohol would have significantly reduced these numbers, with between 3 and 7% of all alcohol-attributable cancer cases being averted if taxation had been increased by 100%. If the 4 countries were to adopt an excise taxation level equivalent to the one currently imposed in Finland, an even higher proportion of alcohol-attributable cancers could be avoided, with Germany alone experiencing 1,600 fewer cancer cases in 1 year. DISCUSSION/CONCLUSION Increasing excise duties can markedly reduce cancer incidence in European countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pol Rovira
- Program on Substance Abuse, Public Health Agency of Catalonia, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carolin Kilian
- Institute of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy & Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Longitudinal Studies, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Maria Neufeld
- Institute of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy & Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Longitudinal Studies, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany,WHO European Office for Prevention and Control of Noncommunicable Diseases, Moscow, Russian Federation,Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Harriet Rumgay
- Section of Cancer Surveillance, International Agency for Cancer Research, Lyon, France
| | | | - Carina Ferreira-Borges
- WHO European Office for Prevention and Control of Noncommunicable Diseases, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Kevin D. Shield
- Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, Ontario, Canada,Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Bundit Sornpaisarn
- Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, Ontario, Canada,Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada,Faculty of Public Health, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Jürgen Rehm
- Program on Substance Abuse, Public Health Agency of Catalonia, Barcelona, Spain,Institute of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy & Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Longitudinal Studies, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany,Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, Ontario, Canada,Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada,Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, CAMH, Toronto, Ontario, Canada,Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada,Department of International Health Projects, Institute for Leadership and Health Management, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation,*Jürgen Rehm, CAMH, 33 Ursula Franklin Street, Toronto, ON M5S 2S1 (Canada),
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Rehm J, Shield KD, Weiderpass E. Alcohol consumption. A leading risk factor for cancer. Chem Biol Interact 2020; 331:109280. [PMID: 33010221 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2020.109280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
In 2016, alcohol consumption was one of the leading risk factors for cancer development and cancer death globally, causing an estimated 376 200 cancer deaths, representing 4.2% of all cancer deaths, and 10.3 million cancer disability-adjusted life years lost, representing 4.2% of all cancer disability-adjusted life years lost. The impact of alcohol consumption on cancer in 2016 varied by age group; the proportion of cancer deaths attributable to alcohol consumption ranged from 13.9% of cancer deaths among people aged 30-34 years to 2.7% of cancer deaths among people aged 80-84 years. The burden of cancers caused by alcohol consumption might be decreased through (i) individual-level and societal-level interventions that reduce alcohol consumption, and (ii) measures that target those risk factors that interact with alcohol consumption to increase the risk of cancer or that directly affect the risk of alcohol-related cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jürgen Rehm
- WHO Collaboration Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, 33 Russell Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 2S1, Canada; Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, 33 Russell Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 2S1, Canada; Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, 155 College Street, 6th floor, Toronto, ON, M5T 3M7, Canada; Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Sciences Building, 1 King's College Circle, Room 2374, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada; Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, 33 Russell Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 2S1, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, 250 College Street, 8th floor, Toronto, ON, M5T 1R8, Canada; Institute of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy & Center of Clinical Epidemiology and Longitudinal Studies (CELOS), Technische Universität Dresden, Chemnitzer Str. 46, 01187, Dresden, Germany
| | - Kevin D Shield
- WHO Collaboration Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, 33 Russell Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 2S1, Canada; Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, 33 Russell Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 2S1, Canada; Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, 155 College Street, 6th floor, Toronto, ON, M5T 3M7, Canada
| | - Elisabete Weiderpass
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, 150 Cours Albert Thomas, 69372, CEDEX 8, Lyon, France.
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Jentzsch V, Davis JAA, Djamgoz MBA. Pancreatic Cancer (PDAC): Introduction of Evidence-Based Complementary Measures into Integrative Clinical Management. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E3096. [PMID: 33114159 PMCID: PMC7690843 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12113096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The most common form of pancreatic cancer is pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), which comprises some 85% of all cases. Currently, this is the fourth highest cause of cancer mortality worldwide and its incidence is rising steeply. Commonly applied clinical therapies offer limited chance of a lasting cure and the five-year survival rate is one of the lowest of the commonly occurring cancers. This review cultivates the hypothesis that the best management of PDAC would be possible by integrating 'western' clinical medicine with evidence-based complementary measures. Protecting the liver, where PDAC frequently first spreads, is also given some consideration. Overall, the complementary measures are divided into three groups: dietary factors, nutraceutical agents and lifestyle. In turn, dietary factors are considered as general conditioners, multi-factorial foodstuffs and specific compounds. The general conditioners are alkalinity, low-glycemic index and low-cholesterol. The multi-factorial foodstuffs comprise red meat, fish, fruit/vegetables, dairy, honey and coffee. The available evidence for the beneficial effects of the specific dietary and nutraceutical agents was considered at four levels (in order of prominence): clinical trials, meta-analyses, in vivo tests and in vitro studies. Thus, 9 specific agents were identified (6 dietary and 3 nutraceutical) as acceptable for integration with gemcitabine chemotherapy, the first-line treatment for pancreatic cancer. The specific dietary agents were the following: Vitamins A, C, D and E, genistein and curcumin. As nutraceutical compounds, propolis, triptolide and cannabidiol were accepted. The 9 complementary agents were sub-grouped into two with reference to the main 'hallmarks of cancer'. Lifestyle factors covered obesity, diabetes, smoking, alcohol and exercise. An integrative treatment regimen was devised for the management of PDAC patients. This involved combining first-line gemcitabine chemotherapy with the two sub-groups of complementary agents alternately in weekly cycles. The review concludes that integrated management currently offers the best patient outcome. Opportunities to be investigated in the future include emerging modalities, precision medicine, the nerve input to tumors and, importantly, clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerie Jentzsch
- Department of Life Sciences, Neuroscience Solutions to Cancer Research Group, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, UK; (V.J.); (J.A.A.D.)
- Business School, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - James A. A. Davis
- Department of Life Sciences, Neuroscience Solutions to Cancer Research Group, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, UK; (V.J.); (J.A.A.D.)
| | - Mustafa B. A. Djamgoz
- Department of Life Sciences, Neuroscience Solutions to Cancer Research Group, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, UK; (V.J.); (J.A.A.D.)
- Biotechnology Research Centre, Cyprus International University, Haspolat, Nicosia, TRNC, Mersin 10, Turkey
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31
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Forjaz G, Bastos J, Castro C, Mayer A, Noone AM, Chen HS, Mariotto AB. Regional differences in tobacco smoking and lung cancer in Portugal in 2018: a population-based analysis using nationwide incidence and mortality data. BMJ Open 2020; 10:e038937. [PMID: 33099497 PMCID: PMC7590355 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-038937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aims to estimate the proportion of lung cancer cases and deaths attributable to tobacco smoking in Portugal in 2018, complemented by trends in incidence and mortality, by sex and region. DESIGN Cancer cases for 1998-2011 and cancer deaths for 1991-2018 were obtained from population-based registries and Statistics Portugal, respectively. We projected cases for 2018 and used reported deaths for the same year to estimate, using Peto's method, the number and proportion of lung cancer cases and deaths caused by tobacco smoking in 2018. We calculated the age-adjusted incidence and mortality rates in each year of diagnosis and death. We fitted a joinpoint regression to the observed data to estimate the annual percentage change (APC) in the rates. SETTING Portugal. RESULTS In 2018, an estimated 3859 cases and 3192 deaths from lung cancer were attributable to tobacco smoking in Portugal, with men presenting a population attributable fraction (PAF) of 82.6% (n=3064) for incidence and 84.1% (n=2749) for mortality, while in women those values were 51.0% (n=795) and 42.7% (n=443), respectively. In both sexes and metrics, the Azores were the region with the highest PAF and the Centre with the lowest. During 1998-2011, the APC for incidence ranged from 0.6% to 3.0% in men and 3.6% to 7.9% in women, depending on region, with mortality presenting a similar pattern between sexes. CONCLUSION Exposure to tobacco smoking has accounted for most of the lung cancer cases and deaths estimated in Portugal in 2018. Differential patterns of tobacco consumption across the country, varying implementation of primary prevention programmes and differences in personal cancer awareness may have contributed to the disparities observed. Primary prevention of lung cancer remains a public health priority, particularly among women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gonçalo Forjaz
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland, USA
- Azores Oncological Centre, Azores, Portugal
| | - Joana Bastos
- Centre Region Cancer Registry, Francisco Gentil Portuguese Institute for Oncology of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Clara Castro
- Northern Region Cancer Registry, Francisco Gentil Portuguese Institute for Oncology of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- EPIUnit, Institute of Public Health, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Alexandra Mayer
- Southern Region Cancer Registry, Francisco Gentil Portuguese Institute for Oncology of Lisbon, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Anne-Michelle Noone
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland, USA
| | - Huann-Sheng Chen
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland, USA
| | - Angela B Mariotto
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland, USA
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32
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Espina C, Bauld L, Bonanni B, Brenner H, Brown K, Dillner J, Kampman E, Nilbert M, Vineis P, Weijenberg MP, Cox A, de Kok TM, Fecht D, Mitrou G, Muller DC, Serrano D, Steindorf K, Storm H, Thorat MA, van Duijnhoven F, Weiderpass E, Schüz J. WITHDRAWAL-Administrative Duplicate Publication: The essential role of prevention in reducing the cancer burden in Europe: a commentary from Cancer Prevention Europe. TUMORI JOURNAL 2020; 106:NP2-NP4. [PMID: 31099306 PMCID: PMC7583442 DOI: 10.1177/0300891619851865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Espina
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/WHO), 150 cours Albert Thomas, 69372 Lyon CEDEX 08, France
| | - Linda Bauld
- Usher Institute, College of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9AG, United Kingdom, UK
- Cancer Research UK, 407 St John Street, London EC1V 4AD, UK
| | - Bernardo Bonanni
- European Institute of Oncology, Via Ripamonti, 435 - 20141 Milano, Italy
| | - Hermann Brenner
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Karen Brown
- UK Therapeutic Cancer Prevention Network, Leicester Cancer Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, LE2 7LX, UK
| | - Joakim Dillner
- Karolinska University Laboratory, Karolinska University Hospital, 14186 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ellen Kampman
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University, PO Box 17, 6700 AA Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Mef Nilbert
- Danish Cancer Society, Strandboulevarden 49, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Paolo Vineis
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College, Norfolk Place, London W2 1PG, UK
| | - Matty P. Weijenberg
- GROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Alison Cox
- Cancer Research UK, 407 St John Street, London EC1V 4AD, UK
| | - Theo M. de Kok
- GROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Daniela Fecht
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College, Norfolk Place, London W2 1PG, UK
| | - Giota Mitrou
- World Cancer Research Fund International, London, UK
| | - David C Muller
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College, Norfolk Place, London W2 1PG, UK
| | - Davide Serrano
- European Institute of Oncology, Via Ripamonti, 435 - 20141 Milano, Italy
| | - Karen Steindorf
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hans Storm
- Danish Cancer Society, Strandboulevarden 49, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mangesh A. Thorat
- UK Therapeutic Cancer Prevention Network, Leicester Cancer Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, LE2 7LX, UK
- UK Therapeutic Cancer Prevention Network, Centre for Cancer Prevention, Wolfson Institute of Preventive Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Fränzel van Duijnhoven
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University, PO Box 17, 6700 AA Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Elisabete Weiderpass
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/WHO), 150 cours Albert Thomas, 69372 Lyon CEDEX 08, France
| | - Joachim Schüz
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/WHO), 150 cours Albert Thomas, 69372 Lyon CEDEX 08, France
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33
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianni Testino
- Unit of Addiction and Hepatology, Alcohological Regional Center, ASL3 c/o Polyclinic San Martino Hospital, Genoa, Italy - .,I.CO.NA Italian Collaborating Network on Alcohol of World Health Organization Collaborating Center for Health Promotion and Research on Alcohol, ISS, Rome, Italy - .,Italian Society on Alcohol, Bologna, Italy -
| | - Fabio Caputo
- Italian Society on Alcohol, Bologna, Italy.,Department of Internal Medicine, SS Annunziata Hospital, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Valentino Patussi
- I.CO.NA Italian Collaborating Network on Alcohol of World Health Organization Collaborating Center for Health Promotion and Research on Alcohol, ISS, Rome, Italy.,Italian Society on Alcohol, Bologna, Italy.,Unit of Alcohology, Alcohological Regional Center, Polyclinic Careggi Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Emanuele Scafato
- I.CO.NA Italian Collaborating Network on Alcohol of World Health Organization Collaborating Center for Health Promotion and Research on Alcohol, ISS, Rome, Italy.,Italian Society on Alcohol, Bologna, Italy.,National Institute of Health, Rome, Italy
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW To provide an overview of the risk relationships between alcohol use and cancer and of the alcohol-attributable cancer burden; to highlight areas of controversy in the alcohol-cancer relationship; to examine the reasons why these risk relationships have not received greater public attention. RECENT FINDINGS In 2016, alcohol caused an estimated 376,200 cancer deaths, 10.0 million cancer years of life lost (YLLs), 236,600 cancer years lived with disability (YLDs), and 10.3 million cancer disability-adjusted years of life (DALYs), representing 4.2%, 4.2%, 4.6%, and 4.2% of all deaths, YLLs, YLDs, and DALYs lost due to cancer, respectively, proportionally highest in high- and upper-middle-income countries. Alcohol use is a major contributor to cancer and is linked to the most prevalent types of cancer. No threshold for the effects of alcohol on cancer has yet been identified, and thus, abstinence is best for cancer prevention. Greater public awareness of the relationship between alcohol use and cancer is advisable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jürgen Rehm
- Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Room T420, 33 Russell Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 2S1, Canada.
- Institute of Medical Science (IMS), University of Toronto, Room 2374, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada.
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, 6th Floor, 155 College Street, Toronto, ON, M5T 3M7, Canada.
- WHO Collaboration Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, 33 Russell Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 2S1, Canada.
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, 8th Floor, 250 College Street, Toronto, ON, M5T 1R8, Canada.
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, CAMH, 250 College Street, Toronto, ON, M5T 1R8, Canada.
- Institute for Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, TU Dresden, Chemnitzer Str. 46, 01187, Dresden, Germany.
| | - Isabelle Soerjomataram
- Section of Cancer Surveillance, International Agency for Research on Cancer, 150 Cours Albert Thomas, 69372, Lyon Cedex, France
| | - Carina Ferreira-Borges
- World Health Organization, WHO European Office for the Prevention and Control of Noncommunicable Diseases (NCD Office), 9 Leontyevsky Pereulok, Moscow, Russian Federation, 125009
| | - Kevin D Shield
- Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Room T420, 33 Russell Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 2S1, Canada
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, 6th Floor, 155 College Street, Toronto, ON, M5T 3M7, Canada
- WHO Collaboration Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, 33 Russell Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 2S1, Canada
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35
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancers constitute a major non-communicable disease category globally and in the European Union (EU). SUMMARY Alcohol use has been established as a major cause of cancer in humans. Principal cancer agencies agree that the following cancer sites are causally impacted by alcohol: lip and oral cavity, pharynx (excluding nasopharynx), oesophagus, colon and rectum, liver, (female) breast, and larynx. For all of these cancer sites, there is a dose-response relationship with no apparent threshold: the higher the average level of consumption, the higher the risk of cancer incidence. In the EU in 2016, about 80,000 people died of alcohol-attributable cancer, and about 1.9 million years of life were lost due to premature mortality or due to disability. Key messages: Given the above-described impact of alcohol on cancer, public awareness about the alcohol-cancer link needs to be increased. In addition, effective alcohol policy measures should be implemented. As a large part of alcohol-attributable cancers are in low and moderate alcohol users, in particular for females, general population measures such as increases in taxation, restrictions on availability, and bans on marketing and advertisement are best suited to reduce the alcohol-attributable cancer burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jürgen Rehm
- Institute of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy & Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Longitudinal Studies, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany,
- Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada,
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada,
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada,
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada,
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada,
- Department of International Health Projects, Institute for Leadership and Health Management, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation,
| | - Kevin D Shield
- Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Shams-White MM, Romaguera D, Mitrou P, Reedy J, Bender A, Brockton NT. Further Guidance in Implementing the Standardized 2018 World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for Cancer Research (WCRF/AICR) Score. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2020; 29:889-894. [DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-19-1444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Revised: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Lamore K, Ducrot P, Latino-Martel P, Soler M, Foucaud J. Diet, Physical Activity, Obesity, and Breastfeeding: How French People Perceive Factors Associated with Cancer Risk. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11102491. [PMID: 31623260 PMCID: PMC6836119 DOI: 10.3390/nu11102491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Revised: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The French Cancer Barometer, a population-based-survey, is carried out every five years and is, to date, one of the few national studies conducted to investigate individual perception linked to cancer risk factors. The aims of the present study were to describe the perceptions of the French population in 2015 and to assess their evolution over a 5-year period (2010–2015). The French Cancer Barometer surveyed a randomly selected sample of participants aged 15–75 years (n = 3345 in 2010) and 15–85 years (n = 3764 in 2015), representative of the French population. Questions were on perception of diet, physical activity, obesity, and breastfeeding as cancer risk factors. In 2015, nutritional/activity factors were perceived as having an important role in cancer development for the majority of those surveyed (diet (90.8%), obesity (76%), and physical activity (70%)) with the exception being breastfeeding (34%). However, there was a moderate perception of the risks of red meat (43%) and salt or salty food (55%) consumption. Perceptions of nutritional risk factors were mostly associated with age and education level. Interestingly, there was a greater perception of nutritional risk factors in 2015 compared to 2010, and the participants’ opinions were also stronger. Efforts should be made on individuals with lower educational level and to promote the beneficial effects of breastfeeding. However, to impact food behavior, measures are needed at the environmental level and not only at the individual one.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristopher Lamore
- Institut National du Cancer (INCa), 52 avenue André Morizet, 92513 Boulogne Billancourt, France.
- Université de Paris, LPPS, F-92100 Boulogne-Billancourt, France.
| | - Pauline Ducrot
- Santé publique France, 12 rue du Val d'Osne, 94415 Saint-Maurice, France.
| | - Paule Latino-Martel
- Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (EREN), Centre of Research in Epidemiology and Statistics (CRESS), Inserm U1153, Inra U1125, Cnam, Paris 13 University, 74 rue Marcel Cachin, F-93017 Bobigny, France.
- French network for Nutrition And Cancer Research (NACRe network), Bâtiment 400, 78352 Jouy-en-Josas, France.
| | - Marion Soler
- Institut National du Cancer (INCa), 52 avenue André Morizet, 92513 Boulogne Billancourt, France.
| | - Jérôme Foucaud
- Institut National du Cancer (INCa), 52 avenue André Morizet, 92513 Boulogne Billancourt, France.
- Laboratoire Éducation et Pratiques de Santé (LEPS EA 3412), Université Paris 13-UFR SMBH, 93017 Bobigny, France.
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Laukkanen JA, Mäkikallio TH, Khan H, Laukkanen T, Kauhanen J, Kunutsor SK. Finnish sauna bathing does not increase or decrease the risk of cancer in men: A prospective cohort study. Eur J Cancer 2019; 121:184-191. [PMID: 31590079 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2019.08.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Revised: 08/18/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Evidence suggests that heat therapy can be used to prevent and treat cancer; anecdotal reports suggest passive heat therapies may increase cancer risk. Finnish sauna bathing has been linked to a reduced risk of chronic diseases, but its association with cancer risk is unknown. We aimed to assess the prospective association between frequency of sauna bathing and the risk of all-cause and site-specific cancers using the Kuopio Ischemic Heart Disease prospective cohort. METHODS Baseline sauna bathing habits were assessed in 2173 men aged 42-61 years with no history of cancer. Hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for cancer were calculated using Cox proportional hazard models. We corrected for within-person variability in sauna bathing habits using data from repeat assessments taken 11 years apart. RESULTS During a median follow-up of 24.3 years, 588 (27.1%) all-cause cancer cases were recorded. The age-adjusted regression dilution ratio of sauna bathing frequency was 0.69 (0.62-0.76). In multivariable-adjusted analyses, the HRs (95% CIs) of all-cause cancer were 0.92 (0.76-1.11) and 0.92 (0.66-1.27) for men who had 2-3 and ≥4 sauna sessions per week, respectively, compared with men who had ≤1 sauna session per week. The non-significant findings were consistent for prostate, gastrointestinal and lung cancers on multivariate adjustment. CONCLUSION Frequent Finnish sauna bathing is not associated with the risk of cancer in a middle-aged male Caucasian population. Further studies are required to confirm or refute these findings, particularly in women and other age groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jari A Laukkanen
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland; Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland; Central Finland Health Care District Hospital District, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Timo H Mäkikallio
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Hassan Khan
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Tanjaniina Laukkanen
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Jussi Kauhanen
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Setor K Kunutsor
- National Institute for Health Research Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust and University of Bristol, Bristol, UK; Musculoskeletal Research Unit, Translational Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Learning & Research Building (Level 1), Southmead Hospital, Bristol, BS10 5NB, UK.
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39
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Marant-Micallef C, Shield KD, Vignat J, Cléro E, Kesminiene A, Hill C, Rogel A, Vacquier B, Bray F, Laurier D, Soerjomataram I. The risk of cancer attributable to diagnostic medical radiation: Estimation for France in 2015. Int J Cancer 2019; 144:2954-2963. [PMID: 30537057 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.32048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2018] [Revised: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Although medical ionizing radiation (IR) has clear clinical benefits, it is an established carcinogen. Our study estimates the number of new cancer cases in France in 2015 attributable to IR exposure from medical procedures. Exposures from external (X-rays, CT scans, interventional radiology) and internal (nuclear medicine) sources were considered. We used 2007 national frequencies of diagnostic examinations by sex and age to estimate the lifetime organ dose exposure adjusted for changes in the use of such procedures over time. The Biological Effects of Ionizing Radiation VII risk models were used to estimate the corresponding excess cancer risk, assuming an average latency period of 10 years. Additionally, we used cancer incidence data from the French Cancer Registries Network. Of the 346,000 estimated new cancer cases in adults in France in 2015, 2300 cases (940 among men and 1360 among women) were attributable to diagnostic IR, representing 0.7% of all new cancer cases (0.5% for men and 0.9% for women). The leading cancers attributable to medical IR were female breast (n = 560 cases), lung (n = 500 cases) and colon (n = 290 cases) cancers. Compared to other risk factors, the contribution of medical IR to the cancer burden is small, and the benefits largely outweigh its harms. However, some of these IR-associated cancer cases may be preventable through dose optimization of and enhanced justification for diagnostic examinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Marant-Micallef
- Section of Cancer Surveillance, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Kevin D Shield
- Section of Cancer Surveillance, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Jérôme Vignat
- Section of Cancer Surveillance, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Enora Cléro
- Institute for Radiological Protection and Nuclear Safety, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Ausrele Kesminiene
- Senior Visiting Scientist, Section of Environment and Radiation, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | | | - Agnès Rogel
- Santé Publique France, Saint-Maurice, France
| | | | - Freddie Bray
- Section of Cancer Surveillance, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Dominique Laurier
- Institute for Radiological Protection and Nuclear Safety, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Isabelle Soerjomataram
- Section of Cancer Surveillance, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
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40
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Laaksonen MA, Arriaga ME, Canfell K, MacInnis RJ, Byles JE, Banks E, Shaw JE, Mitchell P, Giles GG, Magliano DJ, Gill TK, Klaes E, Velentzis LS, Hirani V, Cumming RG, Vajdic CM. The preventable burden of endometrial and ovarian cancers in Australia: A pooled cohort study. Gynecol Oncol 2019; 153:580-588. [PMID: 30935715 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2019.03.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2019] [Revised: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Evidence on the endometrial and ovarian cancer burden preventable through modifications to current causal behavioural and hormonal exposures is limited. Whether the burden differs by population subgroup is unknown. METHODS We linked pooled data from six Australian cohort studies to national cancer and death registries, and quantified exposure-cancer associations using adjusted proportional hazards models. We estimated exposure prevalence from representative health surveys. We then calculated Population Attributable Fractions (PAFs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs), accounting for competing risk of death, and compared PAFs for population subgroups. RESULTS During a median 4.9 years follow-up, 510 incident endometrial and 303 ovarian cancers were diagnosed. Overweight and obesity explained 41.9% (95% CI 32.3-50.1) of the endometrial cancer burden and obesity alone 34.5% (95% CI 27.5-40.9). This translates to 12,800 and 10,500 endometrial cancers in Australia in the next 10 years, respectively. The body fatness-related endometrial cancer burden was highest (49-87%) among women with diabetes, living remotely, of older age, lower socio-economic status or educational attainment and born in Australia. Never use of oral contraceptives (OCs) explained 8.1% (95% CI 1.8-14.1) or 2500 endometrial cancers. A higher BMI and current long-term MHT use increased, and long-term OC use decreased, the risk of ovarian cancer, but the burden attributable to overweight, obesity or exogenous hormonal factors was not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS Excess body fatness, a trait that is of high and increasing prevalence globally, is responsible for a large proportion of the endometrial cancer burden, indicating the need for effective strategies to reduce adiposity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maarit A Laaksonen
- Centre for Big Data Research in Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.
| | - Maria E Arriaga
- Centre for Big Data Research in Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Karen Canfell
- Cancer Research Division, Cancer Council New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; Prince of Wales Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Robert J MacInnis
- Cancer Epidemiology and Intelligence Division, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia; Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Julie E Byles
- Research Centre for Generational Health and Ageing, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia
| | - Emily Banks
- ANU College of Medicine, Biology and Environment, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | - Jonathan E Shaw
- Clinical Diabetes Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Paul Mitchell
- Centre for Vision Research, Westmead Institute for Medical research, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Graham G Giles
- Cancer Epidemiology and Intelligence Division, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia; Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Dianna J Magliano
- Diabetes and Population Health Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Tiffany K Gill
- Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | | | - Louiza S Velentzis
- Cancer Research Division, Cancer Council New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Vasant Hirani
- School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; School of Life and Environmental Sciences Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Robert G Cumming
- School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; ANZAC Research Institute, University of Sydney and Concord Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - Claire M Vajdic
- Centre for Big Data Research in Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
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Wild CP, Espina C, Bauld L, Bonanni B, Brenner H, Brown K, Dillner J, Forman D, Kampman E, Nilbert M, Steindorf K, Storm H, Vineis P, Baumann M, Schüz J. Cancer Prevention Europe. Mol Oncol 2019; 13:528-534. [PMID: 30667152 PMCID: PMC6396376 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.12455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Accepted: 01/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The case for cancer prevention in Europe is the same as for all other parts of the world. The number of cancers is increasing, driven by demographic change and evolution in the exposure to risk factors, while the cost of treating patients is likewise spiralling. Estimations suggest that around 40% of cancers in Europe could be prevented if current understanding of risk and protective factors was translated into effective primary prevention, with further reductions in cancer incidence and mortality by screening, other approaches to early detection, and potentially medical prevention. However, the infrastructure for cancer prevention tends to be fragmented between and within different countries in Europe. This lack of a coordinated approach recently led to the foundation of Cancer Prevention Europe (Forman et al., 2018), a collaborative network with the main aims of strengthening cancer prevention in Europe by increasing awareness of the needs, the associated required resources and reducing inequalities in access to cancer prevention across Europe. This article showcases the need for strengthening cancer prevention and introduces the objectives of Cancer Prevention Europe and its foreseen future role in reducing the European cancer burden.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Carolina Espina
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/WHO)LyonFrance
| | - Linda Bauld
- Usher InstituteCollege of Medicine and Veterinary MedicineUniversity of EdinburghUK
- Cancer Research UKLondonUK
| | | | | | - Karen Brown
- UK Therapeutic Cancer Prevention NetworkLeicester Cancer Research CentreUniversity of LeicesterUK
| | - Joakim Dillner
- Karolinska University LaboratoryKarolinska University HospitalStockholmSweden
| | - David Forman
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/WHO)LyonFrance
| | - Ellen Kampman
- Division of Human Nutrition and HealthWageningen UniversityThe Netherlands
| | | | | | | | - Paolo Vineis
- Department of Epidemiology and BiostatisticsSchool of Public HealthImperial CollegeLondonUK
| | | | - Joachim Schüz
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/WHO)LyonFrance
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