1
|
Ommati MM, Attari H, Siavashpour A, Shafaghat M, Azarpira N, Ghaffari H, Moezi L, Heidari R. Mitigation of cholestasis-associated hepatic and renal injury by edaravone treatment: Evaluation of its effects on oxidative stress and mitochondrial function. LIVER RESEARCH 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.livres.2020.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
|
2
|
Amin SN, Sharawy N, El Tablawy N, Elberry DA, Youssef MF, Abdelhady EG, Rashed LA, Hassan SS. Melatonin-Pretreated Mesenchymal Stem Cells Improved Cognition in a Diabetic Murine Model. Front Physiol 2021; 12:628107. [PMID: 33815140 PMCID: PMC8012759 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.628107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a multisystem endocrine disorder affecting the brain. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) pretreated with Melatonin have been shown to increase the potency of MSCs. This work aimed to compare Melatonin, stem cells, and stem cells pretreated with Melatonin on the cognitive functions and markers of synaptic plasticity in an animal model of type I diabetes mellitus (TIDM). Thirty-six rats represented the animal model; six rats for isolation of MSCs and 30 rats were divided into five groups: control, TIDM, TIDM + Melatonin, TIDM + Stem cells, and TIDM + Stem ex vivo Melatonin. Functional assessment was performed with Y-maze, forced swimming test and novel object recognition. Histological and biochemical evaluation of hippocampal Neuroligin 1, Sortilin, Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2), Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and Growth Associated Protein 43 (GAP43). The TIDM group showed a significant decrease of hippocampal Neuroligin, Sortilin, and BDNF and a significant increase in iNOS, TNF-α, TLR2, and GAP43. Melatonin or stem cells groups showed improvement compared to the diabetic group but not compared to the control group. TIDM + Stem ex vivo Melatonin group showed a significant improvement, and some values were restored to normal. Ex vivo melatonin-treated stem cells had improved spatial working and object recognition memory and depression, with positive effects on glucose homeostasis, inflammatory markers levels and synaptic plasticity markers expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shaimaa Nasr Amin
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan.,Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nivin Sharawy
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nashwa El Tablawy
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Dalia Azmy Elberry
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mira Farouk Youssef
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ebtehal Gamal Abdelhady
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni Suef, Egypt
| | - Laila Ahmed Rashed
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sherif Sabry Hassan
- Department of Medical Education, School of Medicine, California University of Science and Medicine, San Bernardino, CA, United States.,Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Wang B, Lin W. Edaravone Protects against Pancreatic and Intestinal Injury after Acute Pancreatitis via Nuclear Factor-κB Signaling in Mice. Biol Pharm Bull 2020; 43:509-515. [PMID: 32115510 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b19-00944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Acute pancreatitis (AP) is one kind of acute surgical abdominal disease in the world. It causes intestinal damage with subsequent bacterial migration, endotoxemia and secondary pancreatic infections. In this investigation, we determined that edaravone (EDA) reduces pancreatic and intestinal injury after AP in mice. This was demonstrated by a reduction in histological score, apoptosis, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, along with obstructing activation of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and nuclear factor-κB (NFκB). Our study results suggested that EDA exerts its protective effects against pancreatic and intestinal injury after AP via regulation of the TLR4/NFκB pathway. Our findings provide the basis for EDA to treat AP-induced pancreatic and intestinal injury, even might develop as a potential therapy for other inflammatory diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bingbin Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University
| | - Wendong Lin
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zhao X, Zhang E, Ren X, Bai X, Wang D, Bai L, Luo D, Guo Z, Wang Q, Yang J. Edaravone alleviates cell apoptosis and mitochondrial injury in ischemia-reperfusion-induced kidney injury via the JAK/STAT pathway. Biol Res 2020; 53:28. [PMID: 32620154 PMCID: PMC7333427 DOI: 10.1186/s40659-020-00297-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Kidney ischemia–reperfusion injury is a common pathophysiological phenomenon in the clinic. A large number of studies have found that the tyrosine protein kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK/STAT) pathway is involved in the development of a variety of kidney diseases and renal protection associated with multiple drugs. Edaravone (EDA) is an effective free radical scavenger that has been used clinically for the treatment of postischemic neuronal injury. This study aimed to identify whether EDA improved kidney function in rats with ischemia–reperfusion injury by regulating the JAK/STAT pathway and clarify the underlying mechanism. Methods Histomorphological analysis was used to assess pathological kidney injury, and mitochondrial damage was observed by transmission electron microscopy. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end-labeling (TUNEL) staining was performed to detect tubular epithelial cell apoptosis. The expression of JAK2, P-JAK2, STAT3, P-STAT3, STAT1, P-STAT1, BAX and Bcl-2 was assessed by western blotting. Mitochondrial function in the kidney was assessed by mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) measurement. Results The results showed that EDA inhibited the expression of p-JAK2, p-STAT3 and p-STAT1, accompanied by downregulation of the expression of Bax and caspase-3, and significantly ameliorated kidney damage caused by ischemia–reperfusion injury (IRI). Furthermore, the JC-1 dye assay showed that edaravone attenuated ischemia–reperfusion-induced loss of kidney ΔΨm. Conclusion Our findings indicate that EDA protects against kidney damage caused by ischemia–reperfusion through JAK/STAT signaling, inhibiting apoptosis and improving mitochondrial injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoying Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China.
| | - Erfei Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Yan'an University, Yan'an, China
| | - Xiaofen Ren
- Department of Anesthesiology, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Xiaoli Bai
- Department of Anesthesiology, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Dongming Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Ling Bai
- Department of Anesthesiology, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Danlei Luo
- Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
| | - Zheng Guo
- Department of Anesthesiology, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jianxin Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Recent Updates in Pharmacological Properties of Chitooligosaccharides. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 2019:4568039. [PMID: 31781615 PMCID: PMC6875261 DOI: 10.1155/2019/4568039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2019] [Revised: 06/26/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Chemical structures derived from marine foods are highly diverse and pharmacologically promising. In particular, chitooligosaccharides (COS) present a safe pharmacokinetic profile and a great source of new bioactive polymers. This review describes the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antidiabetic properties of COS from recent publications. Thus, COS constitute an effective agent against oxidative stress, cellular damage, and inflammatory pathogenesis. The mechanisms of action and targeted therapeutic pathways of COS are summarized and discussed. COS may act as antioxidants via their radical scavenging activity and by decreasing oxidative stress markers. The mechanism of COS antidiabetic effect is characterized by an acceleration of pancreatic islets proliferation, an increase in insulin secretion and sensitivity, a reduction of postprandial glucose, and an improvement of glucose uptake. COS upregulate the GLUT2 and inhibit digestive enzyme and glucose transporters. Furthermore, they resulted in reduction of gluconeogenesis and promotion of glucose conversion. On the other hand, the COS decrease inflammatory mediators, suppress the activation of NF-κB, increase the phosphorylation of kinase, and stimulate the proliferation of lymphocytes. Overall, this review brings evidence from experimental data about protective effect of COS.
Collapse
|
6
|
El-Mehi AE, Faried MA. Controlled ozone therapy modulates the neurodegenerative changes in the frontal cortex of the aged albino rat. Ann Anat 2019; 227:151428. [PMID: 31610254 DOI: 10.1016/j.aanat.2019.151428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Revised: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Aging is a normal process associated with neurodegenerative changes resulting in decline of cognitive and motor functions. Oxidative stress plays an important role. Controlled ozone (O3) therapy has been proved to induce oxidative preconditioning thus reversing oxidative stress. To the best of our knowledge, this research is the first attempt to investigate whether the antioxidant properties of O3 can ameliorate age-associated structural alterations of the cerebral cortex. Ozone administration (at a dose of 0.7mg/kg intraperitonially, three times a week for eight weeks) produced significant downregulation of tissue malondialdehyde (MDA) and upregulation of glutathione, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) within the frontal cortex of aged rats. Sections of the frontal cortex from adult and aged rats were stained with hematoxylin and eosin and analyzed using light microscopy. In addition, quantitative immunohistochemical assessments of the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), caspase-3, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), Ki67 and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) were performed. Our results revealed the beneficial effect of O3 in improving the neurodegenerative changes of the cerebral cortex of aged rats. Moreover, this study clarified that O3 exerted its effects via reducing oxidative stress, apoptosis, gliosis as well as improving neurogenesis and cholinergic plasticity. This work added to the previously proved aging - associated neurodegenerative effects and provided a new insight into the promising role of O3 to ameliorate these effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abeer E El-Mehi
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Menoufia, Egypt
| | - Manar A Faried
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Menoufia, Egypt.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Lin CH, Hsiao LW, Kuo YH, Shih CC. Antidiabetic and Antihyperlipidemic Effects of Sulphurenic Acid, a Triterpenoid Compound from Antrodia camphorata, in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E4897. [PMID: 31581697 PMCID: PMC6801777 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20194897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Revised: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study was designed to evaluate the protective effect of sulphurenic acid (SA), a pure compound from Antrodia camphorata, on diabetes and hyperlipidemia in an animal model study and to clarify the underlying molecular mechanism. Diabetes was induced by daily 55 mg/kg intraperitoneal injections of streptozotocin (STZ) solution over five days. Diabetic mice were randomly divided into six groups and orally gavaged with SA (at three dosages) or glibenclamide (Glib), fenofibrate (Feno) or vehicle for 3 weeks. Our findings showed that STZ-induced diabetic mice had significantly increased fasting blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1C), plasma triglyceride (TG), and total cholesterol (TC) levels (p < 0.001, p < 0.001, p < 0.001, and p < 0.05, respectively) but decreased blood insulin, adiponectin, and leptin levels compared to those of the control group (p < 0.001, p < 0.001, and p < 0.001, respectively). Administration of SA to STZ-induced diabetic mice may lower blood glucose but it increased the insulin levels with restoration of the size of the islets of Langerhans cells, implying that SA protected against STZ-induced diabetic states within the pancreas. At the molecular level, SA treatment exerts an increase in skeletal muscle expression levels of membrane glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) and phospho-Akt to increase the membrane glucose uptake, but the mRNA levels of PEPCK and G6Pase are decreased to inhibit hepatic glucose production, thus leading to its hypoglycemic effect. Moreover, SA may cause hypolipidemic effects not only by enhancing hepatic expression levels of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα) with increased fatty acid oxidation but also by reducing lipogenic fatty acid synthase (FAS) as well as reducing mRNA levels of sterol regulatory element binding protein (SREBP)1C and SREBP2 to lower blood TG and TC levels. Our findings demonstrated that SA displayed a protective effect against type 1 diabetes and a hyperlipidemic state in STZ-induced diabetic mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Hsiu Lin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Fengyuan Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Fengyuan District, Taichung 42055, Taiwan.
| | - Li-Wei Hsiao
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Chang Bing Show Chwan Memorial Hospital, Changhua 505, Taiwan.
| | - Yueh-Hsiung Kuo
- Department of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine Resources, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.
| | - Chun-Ching Shih
- Graduate Institute of Biotechnology and Biomedical Engineering, College of Health Science, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, No.666 Buzih Road, Beitun District, Taichung 40601, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Lin CH, Shih ZZ, Kuo YH, Huang GJ, Tu PC, Shih CC. Antidiabetic and antihyperlipidemic effects of the flower extract of Eriobotrya japonica in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice and the potential bioactive constituents in vitro. J Funct Foods 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2018.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
|
9
|
Pathophysiological significance of protein hydrophobic interactions: An emerging hypothesis. Med Hypotheses 2017; 110:15-22. [PMID: 29317059 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2017.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2017] [Revised: 10/09/2017] [Accepted: 10/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Fibrinogen is a unique protein that is converted into an insoluble fibrin in a single enzymatic event, which is a characteristic feature of fibrinogen due to its susceptibility to fibrinolytic degradation and dissolution. Although thrombosis is a result of activated blood coagulation, no explanation is being offered for the persistent presence of fibrin deposits in the affected organs. A classic example is stroke, in which the thrombolytic therapy is effective only during the first 3-4 h after the onset of thrombosis. This phenomenon can now be explained in terms of the modification of fibrinogen structure induced by hydroxyl radicals generated during the period of ischemia caused, in turn, by the blocking of the blood flow within the obstructed vessels. Fibrinogen modification involves intra-to intermolecular disulfide rearrangement induced by the reductive power of hydroxyl radicals that result in the exposition of buried hydrophobic epitopes. Such epitopes react readily with each other forming linkages stronger than the peptide covalent bonds, thus rendering them resistant to the proteolytic degradation. Also, limited reduction of human serum albumin (HSA) generates hydrophobic polymers that form huge insoluble complexes with fibrinogen. Consequently, such insoluble copolymers can be deposited within the circulation of various organs leading to their dysfunction. In conclusion, the study of protein hydrophobic interactions induced by a variety of nutritional and/or environmental factors can provide a rational explanation for a number of pathologic conditions including cardiovascular, neurologic, and other degenerative diseases including cancer.
Collapse
|
10
|
Lin CH, Wu JB, Jian JY, Shih CC. (-)-Epicatechin-3-O-β-D-allopyranoside from Davallia formosana prevents diabetes and dyslipidemia in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0173984. [PMID: 28333970 PMCID: PMC5363832 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0173984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2016] [Accepted: 03/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects and molecular mechanism of (-)-epicatechin-3-O-β-D-allopyranoside from Davallia formosana (BB) (also known as Gu-Sui-Bu) on type 1 diabetes mellitus and dyslipidemia in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mice. This plant was demonstrated to display antioxidant activities and possess polyphenol contents. Diabetic mice were randomly divided into six groups and were given daily oral gavage doses of either BB (at three dosage levels), metformin (Metf) (at 0.3 g/kg body weight), fenofibrate (Feno) (at 0.25 g/kg body weight) or vehicle (distilled water) and a group of control (CON) mice were gavaged with vehicle over a period of 4 weeks. Treatment with BB led to reduced levels of blood glucose, HbA1C, triglycerides and leptin and to increased levels of insulin and adiponectin compared with the vehicle-treated STZ group. The diabetic islets showed retraction from their classic round-shaped as compared with the control islets. The BB-treated groups (at middle and high dosages) showed improvement in islets size and number of Langerhans islet cells. The membrane levels of skeletal muscular glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) were significantly higher in BB-treated mice. This resulted in a net glucose lowering effect among BB-treated mice. Moreover, BB enhanced the expression of skeletal muscle phospho-AMPK in treated mice. BB-treated mice increased expression of fatty acid oxidation enzymes, including peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα) and mRNA levels of carnitine palmitoyl transferase Ia (CPT1a). These mice also expressed lower levels of lipogenic genes such as fatty acid synthase (FAS), as well as lower mRNA levels of sterol regulatory element binding protein 1c (SREBP1c) and liver adipocyte fatty acid binding protein 2 (aP2). This resulted in a reduction in plasma triglyceride levels. BB-treated mice also expressed lower levels of PPARγ and FAS protein. This led to reduced adipogenesis, fatty acid synthesis and lipid accumulation within adipose tissue, and consequently, to lower triglyceride levels in liver, blood, and adipose tissue. Moreover, BB treatment not only displayed the activation Akt in liver tissue and skeletal muscle, but also in C2C12 myotube to cause an increase in phosphorylation of Akt in the absence of insulin. These results demonstrated that BB act as an activator of AMPK and /or regulation of insulin pathway (Akt), and the antioxidant activity within the pancreas. Therefore, BB treatment ameliorated the diabetic and dyslipidemic state in STZ-induced diabetic mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Hsiu Lin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Fengyuan Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Fengyuan District, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Jin-Bin Wu
- Graduate Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, China Medical University, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Jia-Ying Jian
- Graduate Institute of Biotechnology and Biomedical Engineering, College of Health Science, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Ching Shih
- Graduate Institute of Biotechnology and Biomedical Engineering, College of Health Science, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taichung City, Taiwan
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Zheng J, Chen X. Edaravone offers neuroprotection for acute diabetic stroke patients. Ir J Med Sci 2015; 185:819-824. [PMID: 26597952 DOI: 10.1007/s11845-015-1371-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2013] [Accepted: 10/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Edaravone, a novel free-radical scavenger, has been shown to alleviate cerebral ischemic injury and protect against vascular endothelial dysfunction. However, the effects of edaravone in acute diabetic stroke patients remain undetermined. METHODS A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study was performed to prospectively evaluate the effects of edaravone on acute diabetic stroke patients admitted to our hospital within 24 h of stroke onset. The edaravone group received edaravone (30 mg twice per day) diluted with 100 ml of saline combined with antiplatelet drug aspirin and atorvastatin for 14 days. The non-edaravone group was treated only with 100 ml of saline twice per day combined with aspirin and atorvastatin. Upon admission, and on days 7, 14 post-stroke onset, neurological deficits and activities of daily living were assessed using the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) and the Barthel Index (BI), respectively. The occurrence of hemorrhage transformation, pulmonary infection, progressive stroke and epilepsy was also evaluated on day 14 post-treatment. RESULTS A total of 65 consecutive acute diabetic stroke patients were enrolled, of whom 35 were allocated to the edaravone group and 30 to the non-edaravone group. There was no significant group difference in baseline clinical characteristics, but mean NIHSS scores were lower (60 %), and BI scores were 1.7-fold higher, in edaravone-treated patients vs. controls on day 14. Furthermore, the incidence of hemorrhage transformation, pulmonary infection, progressive stroke and epilepsy was markedly reduced in the edaravone vs. non-edaravone group. CONCLUSION Edaravone represents a promising neuroprotectant against cerebral ischemic injury in diabetic patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Zheng
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Eighth Hospital, Jiangsu University, 8 Caobao Road, Shanghai, 200235, China
| | - X Chen
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Eighth Hospital, Jiangsu University, 8 Caobao Road, Shanghai, 200235, China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Tan RR, Zhang SJ, Li YF, Tsoi B, Huang WS, Yao N, Hong M, Zhai YJ, Mao ZF, Tang LP, Kurihara H, Wang Q, He RR. Proanthocyanidins Prevent High Glucose-Induced Eye Malformation by Restoring Pax6 Expression in Chick Embryo. Nutrients 2015; 7:6567-81. [PMID: 26262640 PMCID: PMC4555138 DOI: 10.3390/nu7085299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2015] [Accepted: 07/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is one of the leading causes of offspring malformations, in which eye malformation is an important disease. It has raised demand for therapy to improve fetal outcomes. In this study, we used chick embryo to establish a GDM model to study the protective effects of proanthocyanidins on eye development. Chick embryos were exposed to high glucose (0.2 mmol/egg) on embryo development day (EDD) 1. Proanthocyanidins (1 and 10 nmol/egg) were injected into the air sac on EDD 0. Results showed that both dosages of proanthocyanidins could prevent the eye malformation and rescue the high glucose-induced oxidative stress significantly, which the similar effects were showed in edaravone. However, proanthocyanidins could not decrease the glucose concentration of embryo eye. Moreover, the key genes regulating eye development, Pax6, was down-regulated by high glucose. Proanthocyanidins could restore the suppressed expression of Pax6. These results indicated proanthocyanidins might be a promising natural agent to prevent high glucose-induced eye malformation by restoring Pax6 expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rui-Rong Tan
- Anti-stress and Health Center, Pharmacy College, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
| | - Shi-Jie Zhang
- Anti-stress and Health Center, Pharmacy College, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Yi-Fang Li
- Anti-stress and Health Center, Pharmacy College, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
| | - Bun Tsoi
- Anti-stress and Health Center, Pharmacy College, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
| | - Wen-Shan Huang
- Anti-stress and Health Center, Pharmacy College, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
| | - Nan Yao
- Guangdong Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine Manufacturing Technology, Guangzhou 510095, Guangdong, China.
| | - Mo Hong
- Anti-stress and Health Center, Pharmacy College, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
| | - Yu-Jia Zhai
- Anti-stress and Health Center, Pharmacy College, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
| | - Zhong-Fu Mao
- Anti-stress and Health Center, Pharmacy College, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
| | - Lu-Ping Tang
- Anti-stress and Health Center, Pharmacy College, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
| | - Hiroshi Kurihara
- Anti-stress and Health Center, Pharmacy College, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
| | - Qi Wang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Rong-Rong He
- Anti-stress and Health Center, Pharmacy College, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Khattab HAH, El-Shitany NA, Abdallah IZA, Yousef FM, Alkreathy HM. Antihyperglycemic Potential of Grewia asiatica Fruit Extract against Streptozotocin-Induced Hyperglycemia in Rats: Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidant Mechanisms. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2015; 2015:549743. [PMID: 26347423 PMCID: PMC4542021 DOI: 10.1155/2015/549743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2015] [Accepted: 07/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is regarded as a serious chronic disease that carries a high risk for considerable complications. In folk medicine, the edible Grewia asiatica fruit is used in a number of pathological conditions. This study aimed to investigate the possible curative effect of G. asiatica fruit ethanolic extract against streptozotocin- (STZ-) induced hyperglycemia in rats. Furthermore, mechanism of antihyperglycemic action is investigated. Hyperglycemic rats are either treated with 100 or 200 mg/kg/day G. asiatica fruits extract. Serum glucose, liver glycogen, malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), interleukin- (IL-) 1β, and tumor necrosis factor- (TNF-) α are measured. G. asiatica fruits extract reduces blood glucose and pancreatic MDA levels. It increases liver glycogen and pancreatic GSH contents and SOD enzyme activity. Furthermore, Grewia asiatica fruits extract decreases serum IL-1β and TNF-α. The treatment also protects against STZ-induced pathological changes in the pancreas. The results of this study indicated that G. asiatica fruit extract exerts antihyperglycemic activity against STZ-induced hyperglycemia. The improvement in the pancreatic β-cells and antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of G. asiatica fruit extract may explain the antihyperglycemic effect.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hala A. H. Khattab
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Faculty of Home Economics, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Nutrition and Food Science Department, Faculty of Home Economics, Helwan University, Egypt
| | - Nagla A. El-Shitany
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Inas Z. A. Abdallah
- Nutrition and Food Science Department, Faculty of Home Economics, Helwan University, Egypt
| | - Fatimah M. Yousef
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Faculty of Home Economics, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Huda M. Alkreathy
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Raoufi S, Baluchnejadmojarad T, Roghani M, Ghazanfari T, Khojasteh F, Mansouri M. Antidiabetic potential of salvianolic acid B in multiple low-dose streptozotocin-induced diabetes. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2015; 53:1803-1809. [PMID: 25885938 DOI: 10.3109/13880209.2015.1008148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Salvianolic acids are the most abundant water-soluble compounds extracted from the herb Salvia miltiorrhiza L. (Lamiaceae) with antioxidant and protective effects. OBJECTIVE This study evaluates the antidiabetic effect of salvianolic acid B (Sal B) in multiple low-dose streptozotocin (MLDS)-induced diabetes in rat. MATERIALS AND METHODS Rats were divided into control, Sal B40-treated control, diabetic, Sal B20-, and Sal B40-treated diabetic groups. Sal B was daily administered at doses of 20 or 40 mg/kg (i.p.), started on third day post-STZ injection for 3 weeks. Serum glucose and insulin level and some oxidative stress markers in pancreas were measured in addition to the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), histological assessment, and apoptosis determination. RESULTS After 3 weeks, treatment of diabetic rats with Sal B20 and Sal B40 caused a significant decrease of the serum glucose (p < 0.05-0.01) and improvement of OGTT. Meanwhile, serum insulin was significantly higher in Sal B20- and Sal B40-treated diabetics (p < 0.01) and treatment of diabetics with Sal B40 significantly lowered malondialdehyde (MDA) (p < 0.05), raised glutathione (GSH) (p < 0.05), and activity of catalase (p < 0.01) with no significant change of nitrite. Furthermore, the number of pancreatic islets (p < 0.05) and their area (p < 0.01) was significantly higher and apoptosis reactivity was significantly lower (p < 0.05) in the Sal B40-treated diabetic group versus diabetics. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION Three-week treatment of diabetic rats with Sal B exhibited antidiabetic activity which is partly exerted via attenuation of oxidative stress and apoptosis and augmentation of antioxidant system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Safoura Raoufi
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Lee SG, Yoo DY, Jung HY, Nam SM, Kim JW, Choi JH, Yi SS, Won MH, Yoon YS, Hwang IK, Moon SM. Neurons in the hippocampal CA1 region, but not the dentate gyrus, are susceptible to oxidative stress in rats with streptozotocin-induced type 1 diabetes. Neural Regen Res 2015; 10:451-6. [PMID: 25878595 PMCID: PMC4396109 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.153695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the effects of streptozotocin-induced type 1 diabetes on antioxidant-like protein-1 immunoreactivity, protein carbonyl levels, and malondialdehyde formation, a marker for lipid peroxidation, in the hippocampus. For this study, streptozotocin (75 mg/kg) was intraperitoneally injected into adult rats to induce type 1 diabetes. The three experimental parameters were determined at 2, 3, 4 weeks after streptozotocin treatment. Fasting blood glucose levels significantly increased by 20.7–21.9 mM after streptozotocin treatment. The number of antioxidant-like protein-1 immunoreactive neurons significantly decreased in the hippocampal CA1 region, but not the dentate gyrus, 3 weeks after streptozotocin treatment compared to the control group. Malondialdehyde and protein carbonyl levels, which are modified by oxidative stress, significantly increased with a peak at 3 weeks after malondialdehyde treatment, and then decreased 4 weeks after malondialdehyde treatment. These results suggest that neurons in the hippocampal CA1 region, but not the dentate gyrus, are susceptible to oxidative stress 3 weeks after malondialdehyde treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sang Gun Lee
- Departments of Neurosurgery, Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Hwaseong 445-907, South Korea
| | - Dae Young Yoo
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, South Korea
| | - Hyo Young Jung
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, South Korea
| | - Sung Min Nam
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, South Korea
| | - Jong Whi Kim
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, South Korea
| | - Jung Hoon Choi
- Department of Anatomy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 200-701, South Korea
| | - Sun Shin Yi
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Medical Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, Asan 336-745, South Korea
| | - Moo-Ho Won
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 200-701, South Korea
| | - Yeo Sung Yoon
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, South Korea
| | - In Koo Hwang
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, South Korea
| | - Seung Myung Moon
- Departments of Neurosurgery, Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Hwaseong 445-907, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Weaver JD, Stabler CL. Antioxidant cerium oxide nanoparticle hydrogels for cellular encapsulation. Acta Biomater 2015; 16:136-44. [PMID: 25620795 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2015.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2014] [Revised: 12/10/2014] [Accepted: 01/13/2015] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress and the resulting radical by-products cause significant toxicity and graft loss in cellular transplantation. Here, the engineering of an auto-catalytic, antioxidant, self-renewing cerium oxide nanoparticle (CONP)-composite hydrogel is reported. This enzyme-mimetic material ubiquitously scavenges ambient free radicals, with the potential to provide indefinite antioxidant protection. The potential of this system to enhance the protection of encapsulated beta cells was evaluated. Co-incubation of CONPs free in solution with beta cells demonstrated potent cytoprotection from superoxide exposure; however, phagocytosis of the CONPs by the beta cells resulted in cytotoxicity at concentrations as low as 1mM. When CONPs were embedded within alginate hydrogels, the composite hydrogel provided cytoprotection to encapsulated beta cells from free radical attack without cytotoxicity, even up to 10mM. This nanocomposite hydrogel has wide applicability in cellular transplantation, with the unique advantage of localization of these potent antioxidant CONPs and their capacity for sustained, long-term scavenging.
Collapse
|
17
|
Rochette L, Zeller M, Cottin Y, Vergely C. Diabetes, oxidative stress and therapeutic strategies. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2014; 1840:2709-29. [PMID: 24905298 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2014.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 315] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2014] [Revised: 05/12/2014] [Accepted: 05/27/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes has emerged as a major threat to health worldwide. SCOPE OF REVIEW The exact mechanisms underlying the disease are unknown; however, there is growing evidence that excess generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), largely due to hyperglycemia, causes oxidative stress in a variety of tissues. Oxidative stress results from either an increase in free radical production, or a decrease in endogenous antioxidant defenses, or both. ROS and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) are products of cellular metabolism and are well recognized for their dual role as both deleterious and beneficial species. In type 2 diabetic patients, oxidative stress is closely associated with chronic inflammation. Multiple signaling pathways contribute to the adverse effects of glucotoxicity on cellular functions. There are many endogenous factors (antioxidants, vitamins, antioxidant enzymes, metal ion chelators) that can serve as endogenous modulators of the production and action of ROS. Clinical trials that investigated the effect of antioxidant vitamins on the progression of diabetic complications gave negative or inconclusive results. This lack of efficacy might also result from the fact that they were administered at a time when irreversible alterations in the redox status are already under way. Another strategy to modulate oxidative stress is to exploit the pleiotropic properties of drugs directed primarily at other targets and thus acting as indirect antioxidants. MAJOR CONCLUSIONS It appears important to develop new compounds that target key vascular ROS producing enzymes and mimic endogenous antioxidants. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE This strategy might prove clinically relevant in preventing the development and/or retarding the progression of diabetes associated with vascular diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luc Rochette
- Laboratoire de Physiopathologie et Pharmacologie Cardio-Métaboliques, INSERM UMR866, Université de Bourgogne, Facultés de Médecine et Pharmacie, 7 Boulevard Jeanne d'Arc, 21079 Dijon, France.
| | - Marianne Zeller
- Laboratoire de Physiopathologie et Pharmacologie Cardio-Métaboliques, INSERM UMR866, Université de Bourgogne, Facultés de Médecine et Pharmacie, 7 Boulevard Jeanne d'Arc, 21079 Dijon, France
| | - Yves Cottin
- Laboratoire de Physiopathologie et Pharmacologie Cardio-Métaboliques, INSERM UMR866, Université de Bourgogne, Facultés de Médecine et Pharmacie, 7 Boulevard Jeanne d'Arc, 21079 Dijon, France
| | - Catherine Vergely
- Laboratoire de Physiopathologie et Pharmacologie Cardio-Métaboliques, INSERM UMR866, Université de Bourgogne, Facultés de Médecine et Pharmacie, 7 Boulevard Jeanne d'Arc, 21079 Dijon, France
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Yassa HD, Tohamy AF. Extract of Moringa oleifera leaves ameliorates streptozotocin-induced Diabetes mellitus in adult rats. Acta Histochem 2014; 116:844-54. [PMID: 24657072 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2014.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2014] [Revised: 02/05/2014] [Accepted: 02/06/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Medicinal plants attract growing interest in the therapeutic management of Diabetes mellitus. Moringa oleifera is a remarkably nutritious vegetable with several antioxidant properties. The present study assessed the possible antioxidant and antidiabetic effects of an aqueous extract of M. oleifera leaves in treating streptozotocin-induced diabetic albino rats. The antidiabetic effects of aqueous extract of M. oleifera leaves were assessed histomorphometrically, ultrastructurally and biochemically. Fasting plasma glucose (FPG) was monitored and morphometric measurements of β-cells of islets of Langerhans (modified Gomori's stain) and collagen fibers (Mallory's trichrome stain) were performed. The antioxidant effects of M. oleifera leaves were determined by measuring the reduced glutathione and lipid peroxidation product, malondialdehyde, in pancreatic tissue. M. oleifera treatment significantly ameliorated the altered FPG (from 380% to 145%), reduced glutathione (from 22% to 73%) and malondialdehyde (from 385% to 186%) compared to control levels. The histopathological damage of islet cells was also markedly reversed. Morphometrically, M. oleifera significantly increased the areas of positive purple modified Gomori stained β-cells (from 60% to 91%) and decreased the area percentage of collagen fibers (from 199% to 120%) compared to control values. Experimental findings clearly indicate the potential benefits of using the aqueous extract of M. oleifera leaves as a potent antidiabetic treatment.
Collapse
|
19
|
El-Akabawy G, El-Kholy W. Neuroprotective effect of ginger in the brain of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Ann Anat 2014; 196:119-28. [PMID: 24680376 DOI: 10.1016/j.aanat.2014.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2013] [Revised: 01/17/2014] [Accepted: 01/31/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus results in neuronal damage caused by increased intracellular glucose leading to oxidative stress. Recent evidence revealed the potential of ginger for reducing diabetes-induced oxidative stress markers. The aim of this study is to investigate, for the first time, whether the antioxidant properties of ginger has beneficial effects on the structural brain damage associated with diabetes. We investigated the observable neurodegenerative changes in the frontal cortex, dentate gyrus, and cerebellum after 4, 6, and 8 weeks of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes in rats and the effect(s) of ginger (500 mg/kg/day). Sections of frontal cortex, dentate gyrus, and cerebellum were stained with hematoxylin and eosin and examined using light microscopy. In addition, quantitative immunohistochemical assessments of the expression of inducible NO synthase (iNOS), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, caspase-3, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), acetylcholinesterase (AChE), and Ki67 were performed. Our results revealed a protective role of ginger on the diabetic brain via reducing oxidative stress, apoptosis, and inflammation. In addition, this study revealed that the beneficial effect of ginger was also mediated by modulating the astroglial response to the injury, reducing AChE expression, and improving neurogenesis. These results represent a new insight into the beneficial effects of ginger on the structural alterations of diabetic brain and suggest that ginger might be a potential therapeutic strategy for the treatment of diabetic-induced damage in brain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gehan El-Akabawy
- Menoufia University, Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia, Egypt.
| | - Wael El-Kholy
- Menoufia University, Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia, Egypt.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Liu JP, Feng L, Zhang MH, Ma DY, Wang SY, Gu J, Fu Q, Qu R, Ma SP. Neuroprotective effect of Liuwei Dihuang decoction on cognition deficits of diabetic encephalopathy in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2013; 150:371-81. [PMID: 24041458 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2013.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2013] [Revised: 09/02/2013] [Accepted: 09/05/2013] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Liuwei Dihuang decoction (LWDHD) is a well-known prescription of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and consists of six crude drugs including Rehmannia glutinosa Libosch. (family: Scrophulariaceae), Cornus officinalis Sieb. (family: Cornaceae), Dioscorea oppositifolia L. (family: Dioscoreaceae), Paoenia ostii (family: Paeoniaceae), Alisma orientale (G. Samuelsson) Juz (family: Alismataceae) and Poria cocos (Schw.) Wolf (family: Polyporaceae). It has been used for the treatment of "Kidney-Yin" deficiency syndrome in clinic in China for a long time. Recent studies found that LWDHD had a potential benefit for the treatment of diabetic complications. The aim of the present study is to investigate the neuroprotective effect of LWDHD on memory and cognition deficits in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic encephalopathy (DE) rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS Adult male Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were fed with high-glucose-fat diet for 50 days and then received an intraperitoneal injection of STZ (40 mg/kg) to induce DE model. Morris water maze test was used to evaluate the memory and cognition capability of DE rats. Choline acetyltransferase (ChAT), acetylcholinesterase (AChE), Na(+)-K(+)-ATP enzyme, iNOS and GSH kits were used to determine their activities or content in hippocampus. TUNEL staining, immunohistochemistry and Congo red staining were conducted to evaluate the apoptosis, caspase-3 protein expression, insulin-like growth factors 1 (IGF-1) and brain derived neurophic factor (BDNF) expressions, as well as Aβ deposition. RESULTS The treatment with LWDHD (1 and 2g/kg, p.o., once daily, 30 days) could significantly reduce the escape latency time and path length, and obviously enhance the spent time in the target quadrant and platform crossings in Morris water maze test compared with model group (P<0.05, P<0.01). LWDHD could also significantly decrease the level of fasting blood glucose, increase Na(+)-K(+)-ATP enzyme and ChAT activities, enhance remarkedly GSH level while decrease significantly AChE and iNOS activities in hippocampus (P<0.05, P<0.01). Furthermore, TUNEL staining, Congo red staining and immunohistochemistry showed that LWDHD significantly improved the expressions of IGF-1 and BDNF, attenuated the neural apoptosis, overexpression of caspase-3 and Aβ deposition in the hippocampus and cerebral cortex of STZ-induced DE rats (P<0.01). CONCLUSION Our findings suggested that LWDHD had a neuroprotective effect on DE rats. LWDHD may be of benefit in the treatment of DE.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ji-ping Liu
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, China Pharmaceutical University, Jiangsu, Nanjing 210009, PR China; Department of Pharmacology, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712046, PR China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
A hypothesis: Edaravone exert cardioprotection partly via modulation of adiponectin. Med Hypotheses 2012; 79:141-2. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2012.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2011] [Revised: 04/01/2012] [Accepted: 04/03/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
22
|
Wu D, Wen W, Qi CL, Zhao RX, Lü JH, Zhong CY, Chen YY. Ameliorative effect of berberine on renal damage in rats with diabetes induced by high-fat diet and streptozotocin. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2012; 19:712-718. [PMID: 22483555 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2012.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2011] [Revised: 02/03/2012] [Accepted: 03/04/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Berberine (BBR) is one of the main constituents in Rhizoma coptidis and it has widely been used for the treatment of diabetic nephropathy. The aims of the study were to investigate the effects and mechanism of action of berberine on renal damage in diabetic rats. Diabetes and hyperglycaemia were induced in rats by a high-fat diet and intraperitoneal injection of 40 mg/kg streptozotocin (STZ). Rats were randomly divided into 5 groups, such as i) control rats, ii) untreated diabetic rats iii) 250 mg/kg metformin-treated, iv and v) 100 and 200 mg/kg berberine-treated diabetic rats and treated separately for 8 weeks. The fasting blood glucose, insulin, total cholesterol, triglyceride, glycosylated hemoglobin were measured in rats. Kidneys were isolated at the end of the treatment for histology, Western blot analysis and estimation of malonaldehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and renal advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs). The results revealed that berberine significantly decreased fasting blood glucose, insulin levels, total cholesterol, triglyceride levels, urinary protein excretion, serum creatinine (Scr) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) in diabetic rats. The histological examinations revealed amelioration of diabetes-induced glomerular pathological changes following treatment with berberine. In addition, the protein expressions of nephrin and podocin were significantly increased. It seems likely that in rats berberine exerts an ameliorative effect on renal damage in diabetes induced by high-fat diet and streptozotocin. The possible mechanisms for the renoprotective effects of berberine may be related to inhibition of glycosylation and improvement of antioxidation that in turn upregulate the expressions of renal nephrin and podocin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Duo Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacy College, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, PR China.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Srinivasan K, Sharma SS. Edaravone Offers Neuroprotection in a Diabetic Stroke Model via Inhibition of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2011; 110:133-40. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1742-7843.2011.00763.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
|
24
|
Ju C, Yue W, Yang Z, Zhang Q, Yang X, Liu Z, Zhang F. Antidiabetic effect and mechanism of chitooligosaccharides. Biol Pharm Bull 2011; 33:1511-6. [PMID: 20823566 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.33.1511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to observe the antidiabetic effect and mechanism of chitooligosaccharides (COS). Type 2 diabetic rats were fed a high-energy diet together with an injection of streptozotocin (STZ). After 8 weeks of COS treatment, the changes in glycometabolism, insulin sensitivity, serum hepatic marker enzyme levels, liver glycogen content, expressions of glucose transporter GLUT-4, malonaldehyde content, superoxide dismutase activity and morphology of the pancreas were observed. The results showed that COS significantly reduced fasting blood glucose (FBG), fasting insulin (FINS), increased the insulin sensitivity index (ISI) and improved oral glucose tolerance. COS increased liver glucokinase activity and glycogen content and upregulated the expressions of GLUT-4 mRNA in adipose and soleus muscle. They also raised the superoxide dismutase activity and reduced the malonaldehyde content in pancreas homogenate. Pancreas hematoxylin/eosin (HE) staining of the diabetic rats showed ruptured islet, but changes of pancreatic islet in the animals were minimized by administration of COS. The effect of COS on pancreatic beta cell (INS-1) in vitro was also examined. It was found that COS played important roles in INS-1 cells by promoting proliferation, increasing glucose stimulated insulin release, upregulating the expressions of GLUT-2 mRNA and protecting against STZ-induced apoptosis. The results from the present study indicate COS have protective effect for type 2 diabetes by ameliorating insulin resistance, promoting the proliferation of beta cells, increasing insulin secretion and protecting beta cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chuanxia Ju
- Pharmaceutical Department, Medical College of Qingdao University, and Cardiovascular Department, The Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Ohmasa F, Saito M, Tsounapi P, Dimitriadis F, Inoue S, Shomori K, Shimizu S, Kinoshita Y, Satoh K. Edaravone ameliorates diabetes-induced dysfunction of NO-induced relaxation in corpus cavernosum smooth muscle in the rat. J Sex Med 2011; 8:1638-49. [PMID: 21477013 DOI: 10.1111/j.1743-6109.2011.02238.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Diabetes mellitus (DM) represents a major risk factor for erectile dysfunction (ED). Although the etiology of diabetes-induced ED is multifactorial and still unknown, reactive oxygen species are thought to be one of the key factors. AIM The aim of this article is to investigate whether administration of edaravone, a free radical scavenger, could prevent type 1 diabetes-induced dysfunction of nitric oxide (NO)-induced relaxation in corpus cavernosum smooth muscle in the rat. METHODS Six-week-old male Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups. One group was treated with citrate-phosphate buffer plus normal saline (group Cont), whereas in the other two groups, diabetes was induced by streptozotocin (50 mg/kg intraperitoneally [i.p.]). Subsequently, the diabetic rats were treated for 4 weeks either with edaravone (10 mg/kg/day, i.p.; group DM + E) or with normal saline (group DM). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Serum glucose and malondialdehyde levels as well as penile cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) concentrations were determined, and penile function was estimated by organ bath studies with norepinephrine-mediated contractions and acetylcholine-mediated relaxations. The participation mRNA levels of muscarinic M(3) receptors, neuronal nitrous oxide synthase (nNOS), endothelial NOS (eNOS) and inducible NOS (iNOS), and participation protein levels of nNOS, eNOS, phosphorylated nNOS, and phosphorylated eNOS were investigated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and immunoblot analysis, respectively. RESULTS Treatment with edaravone prevented partially but significantly the decreased body and penile weight induced by diabetes. Treatment with edaravone significantly improved the increased diabetes-induced malondialdehyde levels, the decreased penile cGMP concentrations, the increased diabetes-induced norepinephrine-mediated contractions, and the decreased acetylcholine-mediated relaxation. Although there were no significant differences in expression levels of mRNAs in nNOS, diabetes-induced upregulation of muscarinic M(3) receptor and iNOS mRNAs as well as diabetes-induced downregulations of eNOS, phosphorylated nNOS, and phosphorylated eNOS were significantly prevented by edaravone. CONCLUSIONS Edaravone decreases the oxidative insult in the penile corpus cavernosum by ameliorating the NO-NOS system and thus preventing partially the developing ED in DM in the rat.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fumiya Ohmasa
- Division of Molecular Pharmacology, Tottori University School of Medicine, Yonago, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Mohseni-Salehi-Monfared SS, Habibollahzadeh E, Sadeghi H, Baeeri M, Abdollahi M. Efficacy of Setarud (IMOD™), a novel electromagnetically-treated multi-herbal compound, in mouse immunogenic type-1 diabetes. Arch Med Sci 2010; 6:663-9. [PMID: 22419922 PMCID: PMC3298332 DOI: 10.5114/aoms.2010.17078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2009] [Revised: 03/31/2009] [Accepted: 05/12/2009] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects and mechanisms of Setarud (IMOD™) as a multi-herbal medicinal formula on a mouse model of type 1 diabetes. METERIAL AND METHODS: Autoimmune diabetes was induced by multiple low-dose intraperitoneal injection of 40 mg/kg of streptozotocin (STZ) for five consecutive days. IMOD™ was administered at an effective dose of 20 mg/kg/day for 21 days. After 21 days of treatment, the pancreases of the animals were separated and homogenized. In the pancreas tissue, the level of lipid peroxidation as thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), total antioxidant power as ferric reducing ability of pancreas (FRAP), myeloperoxidase (MPO), and the concentrations of interleukin-1 (IL-1β) and tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were evaluated. Glucose changes were tested in the blood. Microscopic changes in the pancreas were followed by histological examinations. RESULTS No significant difference was found between IMOD™ and diabetic control groups in blood glucose pattern. STZ-exposed mice showed a significant increase in pancreatic TBARS, MPO, IL-1β, and TNF-α levels, along with a significant decrease in FRAP value. Co-administration of IMOD™ significantly improved all the mentioned parameters disrupted by STZ administration except for blood glucose and histological changes. CONCLUSION IMOD™ could ameliorate oxidative and immunological distresses of type-1 immunogenic diabetes but could not normalize blood glucose. Further studies are recommended to clarify the effects of IMOD™ on immunological factors to address whether this new agent could be applied in diabetes prevention or therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Sajad Mohseni-Salehi-Monfared
- Faculty of Pharmacy, and Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Centre, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Centre, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ebad Habibollahzadeh
- Faculty of Pharmacy, and Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Centre, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hooman Sadeghi
- Faculty of Pharmacy, and Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Centre, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Baeeri
- Faculty of Pharmacy, and Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Centre, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Abdollahi
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Centre, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Shimazaki H, Watanabe K, Veeraveedu PT, Harima M, Thandavarayan RA, Arozal W, Tachikawa H, Kodama M, Aizawa Y. The antioxidant edaravone attenuates ER-stress-mediated cardiac apoptosis and dysfunction in rats with autoimmune myocarditis. Free Radic Res 2010; 44:1082-90. [DOI: 10.3109/10715762.2010.499904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
|
28
|
Zhou J, Zhou S, Tang J, Zhang K, Guang L, Huang Y, Xu Y, Ying Y, Zhang L, Li D. Protective effect of berberine on beta cells in streptozotocin- and high-carbohydrate/high-fat diet-induced diabetic rats. Eur J Pharmacol 2009; 606:262-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2008.12.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2008] [Revised: 12/17/2008] [Accepted: 12/23/2008] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
|