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Zarske M, Luu HQ, Deneke C, Knüver MT, Thieck M, Hoang HTT, Bretschneider N, Pham NT, Huber I, Stingl K. Identification of knowledge gaps in whole-genome sequence analysis of multi-resistant thermotolerant Campylobacter spp. BMC Genomics 2024; 25:156. [PMID: 38331708 PMCID: PMC10851486 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-024-10014-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Campylobacter spp. is the most frequent cause of bacterial food-borne gastroenteritis and a high priority antibiotic resistant bacterium according to the World Health Organization (WHO). European monitoring of thermotolerant Campylobacter spp. does not reflect the global burden of resistances already circulating within the bacterial population worldwide. METHODS We systematically compared whole genome sequencing with comprehensive phenotypic antimicrobial susceptibility, analyzing 494 thermotolerant Campylobacter poultry isolates from Vietnam and Germany. Any discrepancy was checked by repeating the wet lab and improving the dry lab part. Selected isolates were additionally analyzed via long-read Oxford Nanopore technology, leading to closed chromosomes and plasmids. RESULTS Overall, 22 different resistance genes and gene variants (e. g. erm(B), aph(3')-IIIa, aph(2'')-If, catA, lnu(C), blaOXA, sat4) and point mutations in three distinct genes (gyrA, 23S rRNA, rpsL) associated with AMR were present in the Campylobacter isolates. Two AMR genes were missing in the database and one falsely associated with resistance. Bioinformatic analysis based on short-read data partly failed to identify tet(O) and aadE, when the genes were present as duplicate or homologous gene variants. Intriguingly, isolates also contained different determinants, redundantly conferring resistance to chloramphenicol, gentamicin, kanamycin, lincomycin and streptomycin. We found a novel tet(W) in tetracycline sensitive strains, harboring point mutations. Furthermore, analysis based on assemblies from short-read data was impaired to identify full length phase variable aad9, due to variations of the poly-C tract within the gene. The genetic determinant responsible for gentamicin resistance of one isolate from Germany could not be identified. GyrT86I, presenting the main determinant for (fluoro-)quinolone resistance led to a rare atypical phenotype of ciprofloxacin resistance but nalidixic acid sensitivity. Long-read sequencing predicted AMR genes were mainly located on the chromosome, and rarely on plasmids. Predictions from long- and short-read sequencing, respectively, often differed. AMR genes were often organized in multidrug resistance islands (MDRI) and partially located in proximity to transposase genes, suggesting main mobilization of resistance determinants is via natural transformation and transposition in Campylobacter. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study suggest that there is frequent resistance gene duplication, mosaicism, and mutation leading to gene variation and truncation in Campylobacter strains that have not been reported in previous studies and are missing from databases. Furthermore, there is a need for deciphering yet unknown resistance mechanisms and resistance spread in thermotolerant Campylobacter spp. that may pose a challenge to global food safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Zarske
- Department of Biological Safety, Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Diedersdorfer Weg 1, Berlin, D-12277, Germany
| | - Huong Quynh Luu
- National Institute of Veterinary Research (NIVR), 86 Truong Chinh Street, Hanoi, Dong Da District, Vietnam
| | - Carlus Deneke
- Department of Biological Safety, Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Diedersdorfer Weg 1, Berlin, D-12277, Germany
| | - Marie-Theres Knüver
- Department of Biological Safety, Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Diedersdorfer Weg 1, Berlin, D-12277, Germany
| | - Maja Thieck
- Department of Biological Safety, Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Diedersdorfer Weg 1, Berlin, D-12277, Germany
| | - Ha Thi Thu Hoang
- Department of Bacteriology, National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology (NIHE), 1 Yersin Street, Hanoi, Trung District, Vietnam
| | - Nancy Bretschneider
- Department of Molecular Biology and Gene Technology, Bavarian Health and Food Safety Authority, Oberschleissheim, D-85764, Germany
| | - Ngoc Thi Pham
- National Institute of Veterinary Research (NIVR), 86 Truong Chinh Street, Hanoi, Dong Da District, Vietnam
| | - Ingrid Huber
- Department of Molecular Biology and Gene Technology, Bavarian Health and Food Safety Authority, Oberschleissheim, D-85764, Germany
| | - Kerstin Stingl
- Department of Biological Safety, Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Diedersdorfer Weg 1, Berlin, D-12277, Germany.
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Huong LQ, Chisnall T, Rodgers JD, Cawthraw SA, Card RM. Prevalence, antibiotic resistance, and genomic characterisation of Campylobacter spp. in retail chicken in Hanoi, Vietnam. Microb Genom 2024; 10:001190. [PMID: 38294872 PMCID: PMC10868608 DOI: 10.1099/mgen.0.001190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Campylobacter spp. are a leading cause of bacterial foodborne zoonosis worldwide, with poultry meat and products recognised as a significant source of human infection. In Vietnam there are few data regarding the occurrence, antimicrobial resistance, and genomic diversity of Campylobacter in poultry and poultry meat. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of Campylobacter in chicken meat at retail in Hanoi, determine antimicrobial sensitivities of the Campylobacter isolated, and assess their genetic diversity. A total of 120 chicken meat samples were collected from eight traditional retail markets (n=80) and four supermarkets (n=40). Campylobacter was isolated following ISO 10272-1 : 2017 and identification verified by PCR. The prevalence of Campylobacter was 38.3 % (46/120) and C. coli was the most prevalent species in both retail markets (74 %) and supermarkets (88 %). The minimum inhibitory concentrations for ciprofloxacin, erythromycin, gentamicin, nalidixic acid, streptomycin, and tetracycline were determined by broth microdilution for 32 isolates. All characterised Campylobacter were resistant to ciprofloxacin, nalidixic acid, and tetracycline, with corresponding resistance determinants detected in the sequenced genomes. Most C. coli were multidrug resistant (24/28) and two harboured the erythromycin resistance gene ermB on a multiple drug-resistance genomic island, a potential mechanism for dissemination of resistance. The 32 isolates belonged to clonal complexes associated with both poultry and people, such as CC828 for C. coli. These results contribute to the One Health approach for addressing Campylobacter in Vietnam by providing detailed new insights into a main source of human infection and can inform the design of future surveillance approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luu Quynh Huong
- National Institute of Veterinary Research (NIVR), 86 Truong Chinh Road, Dong Da district, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Thomas Chisnall
- Animal and Plant Health Agency, Woodham Lane, New Haw, Addlestone, UK
| | - John D. Rodgers
- Animal and Plant Health Agency, Woodham Lane, New Haw, Addlestone, UK
| | - Shaun A. Cawthraw
- Animal and Plant Health Agency, Woodham Lane, New Haw, Addlestone, UK
| | - Roderick M. Card
- Animal and Plant Health Agency, Woodham Lane, New Haw, Addlestone, UK
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Kanaan MHG. Effect of biofilm formation in a hostile oxidative stress environment on the survival of Campylobacter jejuni recovered from poultry in Iraqi markets. Vet World 2024; 17:136-142. [PMID: 38406363 PMCID: PMC10884572 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2024.136-142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim Campylobacter jejuni is a major contributor to bacterial enteritis, a common health problem. The resistance of this microaerophilic bacterium to oxidative stress allows it to thrive under aerobic conditions. This study aimed to investigate whether the capacity of C. jejuni to form biofilms in the presence of oxidative stress contributes to the pathogen's ability to thrive in agricultural settings as well as in chicken slaughter lines. Materials and Methods Twenty identified strains originating from chicken samples (eight from caeca contents and 12 from frozen chicken carcasses) were previously isolated and identified according to standard bacteriological protocols, followed by confirmation at the species level using multiplex polymerase chain reaction assay. Crystal violet staining was used to evaluate biofilm formation by these bacteria. Two exposure periods to gaseous ozone (1 and 2 min) were used to assess resistance to oxidative damage. Results Most of the strong biofilm-forming Campylobacter strains came from imported frozen chicken meat (25%), whereas only 10% came from caeca content. After exposure to gaseous ozone at 600 mg/h for 2 min, strong biofilm-producing strains exhibited a higher survival rate with a limited reduction of up to 3 logs, whereas negative biofilm-producing strains exhibited a limited survival rate with a reduction of 6 logs. Conclusion Based on our findings, we hypothesized that the presence of C. jejuni strains capable of forming biofilms in poultry farms and/or chicken production facilities triggers a public health alarm as this bacterium seems to be able to adapt more easily to live and thrive in hostile environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manal H. G. Kanaan
- Department of Nursing, Technical Institute of Suwaria, Middle Technical University, Baghdad, Iraq
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Prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of Campylobacter jejuni in raw retail chicken meat in Metropolitan Accra, Ghana. Int J Food Microbiol 2022; 376:109760. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2022.109760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Cheng X, Liu W, Wang Z, Yang R, Yu L, Du Q, Ge A, Liu C, Chi Z. Improved triple-module fluorescent biosensor for the rapid and ultrasensitive detection of Campylobacter jejuni in livestock and dairy. Food Control 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2022.108905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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Santos-Ferreira N, Alves Â, Cardoso MJ, Langsrud S, Malheiro AR, Fernandes R, Maia R, Truninger M, Junqueira L, Nicolau AI, Dumitrașcu L, Skuland SE, Kasza G, Izsó T, Ferreira V, Teixeira P. Cross-contamination of lettuce with Campylobacter spp. via cooking salt during handling raw poultry. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0250980. [PMID: 34010301 PMCID: PMC8133440 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0250980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Campylobacter spp. are the most common bacterial pathogens associated with human gastroenteritis in industrialized countries. Contaminated chicken is the food vehicle associated with the majority of reported cases of campylobacteriosis, either by the consumption of undercooked meat or via cross- contamination of ready-to-eat (RTE) foods during the handling of contaminated raw chicken parts and carcasses. Our results indicate that cooking salt (used for seasoning) is a potential vehicle for Campylobacter spp. cross-contamination from raw chicken to lettuce, through unwashed hands after handling contaminated chicken. Cross-contamination events were observed even when the chicken skin was contaminated with low levels of Campylobacter spp. (ca. 1.48 Log CFU/g). The pathogen was recovered from seasoned lettuce samples when raw chicken was contaminated with levels ≥ 2.34 Log CFU/g. We also demonstrated that, once introduced into cooking salt, Campylobacter spp. are able to survive in a culturable state up to 4 hours. After six hours, although not detected following an enrichment period in culture medium, intact cells were observed by transmission electron microscopy. These findings reveal a "novel" indirect cross-contamination route of Campylobacter in domestic settings, and a putative contamination source to RTE foods that are seasoned with salt, that might occur if basic food hygiene practices are not adopted by consumers when preparing and cooking poultry dishes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nânci Santos-Ferreira
- Universidade Católica Portuguesa, CBQF—Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina–Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ângela Alves
- Universidade Católica Portuguesa, CBQF—Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina–Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Porto, Portugal
| | - Maria João Cardoso
- Universidade Católica Portuguesa, CBQF—Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina–Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Porto, Portugal
| | - Solveig Langsrud
- Nofima, Norwegian Institute of Food, Fisheries and Aquaculture Research, Ås, Norway
| | - Ana Rita Malheiro
- Histology and Electron Microscopy (HEMS), Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde—i3S, Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular—IBMC e Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Rui Fernandes
- Histology and Electron Microscopy (HEMS), Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde—i3S, Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular—IBMC e Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Rui Maia
- UFP Energy, Environment and Health Research Unit (FP-ENAS), Universidade Fernando Pessoa, Porto, Portugal
| | - Mónica Truninger
- Universidade de Lisboa, Instituto de Ciências Sociais, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Luís Junqueira
- Universidade de Lisboa, Instituto de Ciências Sociais, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Anca Ioana Nicolau
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Dunărea de Jos University of Galați, Galați, Romania
| | - Loredana Dumitrașcu
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Dunărea de Jos University of Galați, Galați, Romania
| | | | - Gyula Kasza
- Department of Risk Prevention and Education, National Food Chain Safety Office, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Tekla Izsó
- Department of Risk Prevention and Education, National Food Chain Safety Office, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Vânia Ferreira
- Universidade Católica Portuguesa, CBQF—Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina–Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Porto, Portugal
| | - Paula Teixeira
- Universidade Católica Portuguesa, CBQF—Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina–Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Porto, Portugal
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Skewness in the literature on infectious livestock diseases in an emerging economy - the case of Vietnam. Anim Health Res Rev 2021; 22:1-13. [PMID: 33966687 DOI: 10.1017/s1466252321000013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Livestock production has increased in many emerging economies, but productivity is often substantially impaired by infectious diseases. The first step towards improved livestock health and productivity is to map the presence of livestock diseases. The objective of this review was to summarize studies conducted on such diseases in an emerging economy, Vietnam, and thereby identifying knowledge gaps that may inform the design of surveillance and control programs. Few studies were found to evaluate the distribution of infectious livestock diseases other than avian influenza. Also, many regions with dense livestock populations had received little attention in terms of disease investigation. A large proportion of the studies dealt with zoonoses and food-borne infections which might be due to funding agencies priorities. On the contrary, studies targeting infections that affect livestock and their productivity were few. We think that this limitation in scientific reports on infectious diseases that only affect livestock productivity is a common phenomenon in low and lower middle income countries. More science-based data on such diseases would help policymakers to prioritize which livestock diseases should be subject to animal health programs aimed to support rural livelihoods and economic development.
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Baali M, Lounis M, Amir HLA, Ayachi A, Hakem A, Kassah-Laouar A. Prevalence, seasonality, and antimicrobial resistance of thermotolerant Campylobacter isolated from broiler farms and slaughterhouses in East Algeria. Vet World 2020; 13:1221-1228. [PMID: 32801576 PMCID: PMC7396338 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2020.1221-1228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2019] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: The current study was carried out to determine the prevalence, seasonality, and antimicrobial profile of thermotolerant Campylobacter isolated from broiler chickens in Batna, East Algeria, from June 2016 to June 2018. Materials and Methods: A total of 960 samples, including 480 cloacal swabs, 240 cecal contents, and 240 neck skin samples collected from 6 poultry farms and 12 slaughterhouses, were included in this study. After isolation and identification, susceptibility to seven antimicrobial agents was tested by the disk diffusion method. The seasonality of Campylobacter infection at broiler farms was statistically analyzed. Results: The data showed that 65%, 55%, and 70% of the cloacal swab, neck skin, and cecal content samples were contaminated with thermotolerant Campylobacter strains, respectively (p<0.05). Among the isolated campylobacteria, Campylobacter jejuni was the predominant species (73.5%). Sampling season exhibited a significant impact on the prevalence of Campylobacter (p<0.01), with peak occurrence in summer. All of the isolates were susceptible to gentamicin and resistant to ampicillin and amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, while 83.3% of them were resistant to erythromycin. Interestingly, 16 different resistance profiles were noted, with the combination of “ampicillin, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, chloramphenicol, erythromycin, and tetracycline” being the most common, identified in 20.7% of isolated strains. Conclusion: This study demonstrates the presence of a high contamination rate of multidrug-resistant Campylobacter in farms and slaughterhouses in East Algeria. These findings underscore the need to apply strict control measures to avoid any associated public health hazard among Algerian consumers. This initial finding of the contamination of poultry with this zoonotic pathogen in East Algeria suggests the value of periodic comprehensive evaluation of associated disease in poultry as well as in humans in this region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Baali
- Laboratory of Food Hygiene and Quality Insurance System, High National Veterinary School, Rue Issad Abbes, Oued Smar, Algiers, Algeria.,Department of Agroveterinary Science, Faculty of Natural and Life Sciences, University of Ziane Achour, Road of Moudjbara, Djelfa, Algeria
| | - Mohamed Lounis
- Department of Agroveterinary Science, Faculty of Natural and Life Sciences, University of Ziane Achour, Road of Moudjbara, Djelfa, Algeria
| | - Hanan Laidouci Al Amir
- Department of Food and Water Bacteriology, Pasteur Institute of Algeria, Road of Petit Staouéli, Dely Brahim, Algiers, Algeria
| | - Ammar Ayachi
- Biotechnology Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Cellular Physiopathology, Faculty of Natural and Life Sciences, University of Batna 2, Batna, Algeria
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Hasan MM, Talukder S, Mandal AK, Tasmim ST, Parvin MS, Ali MY, Sikder MH, Islam MT. Prevalence and risk factors of Campylobacter infection in broiler and cockerel flocks in Mymensingh and Gazipur districts of Bangladesh. Prev Vet Med 2020; 180:105034. [PMID: 32460154 DOI: 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2020.105034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Revised: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Campylobacter spp. is one of the most frequent causes of foodborne gastroenteritis. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence and to identify the risk factors of farm-level Campylobacter infection in meat-type chicken flocks. A cross-sectional study was conducted in two selected districts of Bangladesh over the period of January to July 2019. A total of 84 pooled cloacal swab samples were collected from 84 broiler and cockerel farms. Data on farm management, biosecurity, and hygiene practices were collected using a structured questionnaire through a face-to-face interview during sampling. Thereafter, Campylobacter spp. were isolated through bacteriological culture and identified by Gram staining and biochemical tests. Furthermore, the isolates were confirmed using the polymerase chain reaction by targeting the 16S rRNA gene. The risk factors were analyzed at the farm level using multivariable logistic regression with the significant levels of P-value ≤ 0.05. Among the 84 farms, 34 were positive to Campylobacter spp.; thus, the prevalence was estimated to be 40.5% (95% CI: 30.1%-51.8%). In risk factor analysis, the following factors were found to be significantly associated with Campylobacter infection: shed older than five years, birds older than 30 days, flock size with more than 1500 birds, downtime less than seven days, no disinfection of shed surroundings during rearing, rice husk as litter materials, and less than 10 years of farming experience. The study identified the factors that could lead to the setting of effective interventions in controlling Campylobacter infection in chickens to reduce campylobacteriosis in humans through meat consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Mehedi Hasan
- Population Medicine and AMR Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh.
| | - Sudipta Talukder
- Population Medicine and AMR Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh.
| | - Amit Kumar Mandal
- Population Medicine and AMR Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Syeda Tanjina Tasmim
- Population Medicine and AMR Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Mst Sonia Parvin
- Population Medicine and AMR Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh.
| | - Md Yamin Ali
- Population Medicine and AMR Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh; Department of Livestock Services, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Mahmudul Hasan Sikder
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh.
| | - Md Taohidul Islam
- Population Medicine and AMR Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh.
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Loftus M, Stewardson A, Naidu R, Coghlan B, Jenney A, Kepas J, Lavu E, Munamua A, Peel T, Sahai V, Tekoaua R, Tudravu L, Zinihite J, Cheng A, Rafai E, Peleg A. Antimicrobial resistance in the Pacific Island countries and territories. BMJ Glob Health 2020; 5:e002418. [PMID: 32349993 PMCID: PMC7213808 DOI: 10.1136/bmjgh-2020-002418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Revised: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a critical global health threat with a disproportionate impact on low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs) due to their higher burden of infections, reduced laboratory surveillance infrastructure and fewer regulations governing antimicrobial use among humans or animals. While there have been increasing descriptions of AMR within many LMICs in WHO's Western Pacific and South East Asian regions, there remains a paucity of data from Pacific Island countries and territories (PICTs). The PICTs represent 22 predominantly middle-income countries and territories with a combined population of 12 million people and 20 official languages, spread over hundreds of separate islands spanning an area corresponding to more than 15% of the earth's surface. Our paper outlines the present state of the evidence regarding AMR in PICTs-discussing the present estimates of AMR and their accompanying limitations, important drivers of AMR, as well as outlining key priorities and potential solutions for tackling AMR in this region. Significant areas for action include developing National Action Plans, strengthening laboratory surveillance systems and educational activities targeted at both healthcare workers and the wider community. Ensuring adequate funding for AMR activities in PICTs is challenging given competing health and environmental priorities, in this context global or regional funding initiatives such as the Fleming Fund can play a key role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Loftus
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Alfred Hospital and Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Andrew Stewardson
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Alfred Hospital and Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ravi Naidu
- Colonial War Memorial Hospital, Suva, Fiji
| | - Ben Coghlan
- Health Security Program, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Adam Jenney
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Alfred Hospital and Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- College of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Fiji National University, Suva, Fiji
| | - Jonila Kepas
- Medical Standards Division, Government of Papua New Guinea National Department of Health, Port Moresby, National Capital District, Papua New Guinea
| | - Evelyn Lavu
- Central Public Health Laboratory, Government of Papua New Guinea National Department of Health, Port Moresby, National Capital District, Papua New Guinea
| | - Alex Munamua
- National Referral Hospital, Honiara, Solomon Islands
| | - Trisha Peel
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Alfred Hospital and Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Rosemary Tekoaua
- Laboratory Services, Government of the Republic of Kiribati Ministry of Health and Medical Services, Tarawa, Kiribati
| | | | - Julie Zinihite
- National Pharmacy Division, Solomon Islands Ministry of Health and Medical Services, Honiara, Solomon Islands
| | - Allen Cheng
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Alfred Hospital and Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Eric Rafai
- Fiji Ministry of Health and Medical Services, Suva, Fiji
| | - Anton Peleg
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Alfred Hospital and Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Infection and Immunity Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Department of Microbiology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
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Hlashwayo DF, Sigaúque B, Bila CG. Epidemiology and antimicrobial resistance of Campylobacter spp. in animals in Sub-Saharan Africa: A systematic review. Heliyon 2020; 6:e03537. [PMID: 32181402 PMCID: PMC7063338 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e03537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Revised: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Low sanitary conditions characterize the rural and urban households in Sub-Saharan African region. Those environmental conditions propitiate the transmission of bacterial infections between animals and humans. Campylobacter spp. is a zoonotic bacterium and cause of human gastroenteritis worldwide, whose main symptom is diarrhea. It is normally found in the digestive tract of many farm animals as a commensal but some species cause diseases in animals. It is important to understand the occurrence of these bacteria in animals, as they may also play a role in transmission to humans. The main objective of this review was to describe the prevalence of Campylobacter in animals in Sub-Saharan Africa. We also report findings on antibiotic resistance. Methods We followed PRISMA guidelines to find studies about occurrence of Campylobacter spp. in animals in all countries from Sub-Saharan Africa. PubMed, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, African Index Medicus, African Journals Online, Google Scholar and Science Direct were searched for studies published between 2000 and 2019. Results We found 70 studies that described occurrence of Campylobacter spp. in animals in 18 out of 53 countries of Sub-Saharan Africa. Campylobacter jejuni and C. coli were the predominant species isolated. The majority of studies were found in Western Africa. Middle Africa had the lowest amount of data. Most records presented data from Nigeria (n = 25), South Africa (n = 14) and Tanzania (n = 11). Cattle and chickens appear to be important hosts and may be playing an important role in transmitting to humans. Most Campylobacter isolates were resistant to erythromycin (44%), ampicillin (39%), tetracycline (33%), nalidixic acid (31%) and ciprofloxacin (30%). Conclusion Several studies about Campylobacter spp. in animals have been published in the last 19 years but information on the epidemiology of campylobacteriosis is scarce in most Sub-Saharan African countries. Antibiotic resistance is an increasing concern in many countries. Measures should be taken to prevent infection by this pathogen in the region and to control antibiotic resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delfina Fernandes Hlashwayo
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, Eduardo Mondlane University, Maputo, Mozambique.,Faculty of Veterinary Science, Eduardo Mondlane University, Maputo, Mozambique
| | - Betuel Sigaúque
- Centro de Investigação em Saúde de Manhiça, Maputo, Mozambique
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Thomas KM, de Glanville WA, Barker GC, Benschop J, Buza JJ, Cleaveland S, Davis MA, French NP, Mmbaga BT, Prinsen G, Swai ES, Zadoks RN, Crump JA. Prevalence of Campylobacter and Salmonella in African food animals and meat: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Food Microbiol 2020; 315:108382. [PMID: 31710971 PMCID: PMC6985902 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2019.108382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2019] [Revised: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 10/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Campylobacter and Salmonella, particularly non-typhoidal Salmonella, are important bacterial enteric pathogens of humans which are often carried asymptomatically in animal reservoirs. Bacterial foodborne infections, including those derived from meat, are associated with illness and death globally but the burden is disproportionately high in Africa. Commercial meat production is increasing and intensifying in many African countries, creating opportunities and threats for food safety. METHODS Following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, we searched six databases for English language studies published through June 2016, that reported Campylobacter or Salmonella carriage or infection prevalence in food animals and contamination prevalence in food animal products from African countries. A random effects meta-analysis and multivariable logistic regression were used to estimate the species-specific prevalence of Salmonella and Campylobacter and assess relationships between sample type and region and the detection or isolation of either pathogen. RESULTS Seventy-three studies reporting Campylobacter and 187 studies reporting Salmonella across 27 African countries were represented. Adjusted prevalence calculations estimate Campylobacter detection in 37.7% (95% CI 31.6-44.3) of 11,828 poultry samples; 24.6% (95% CI 18.0-32.7) of 1975 pig samples; 17.8% (95% CI 12.6-24.5) of 2907 goat samples; 12.6% (95% CI 8.4-18.5) of 2382 sheep samples; and 12.3% (95% CI 9.5-15.8) of 6545 cattle samples. Salmonella were detected in 13.9% (95% CI 11.7-16.4) of 25,430 poultry samples; 13.1% (95% CI 9.3-18.3) of 5467 pig samples; 9.3% (95% CI 7.2-12.1) of 2988 camel samples; 5.3% (95% CI 4.0-6.8) of 72,292 cattle samples; 4.8% (95% CI 3.6-6.3) of 11,335 sheep samples; and 3.4% (95% CI 2.2-5.2) of 4904 goat samples. 'External' samples (e.g. hide, feathers) were significantly more likely to be contaminated by both pathogens than 'gut' (e.g. faeces, cloaca) while meat and organs were significantly less likely to be contaminated than gut samples. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated widespread prevalence of Campylobacter species and Salmonella serovars in African food animals and meat, particularly in samples of poultry and pig origin. Source attribution studies could help ascertain which food animals are contributing to human campylobacteriosis and salmonellosis and direct potential food safety interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kate M Thomas
- Centre for International Health, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand; Kilimanjaro Clinical Research Institute, Good Samaritan Foundation, Moshi, United Republic of Tanzania.
| | - William A de Glanville
- Institute of Biodiversity Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, College of Medical Veterinary & Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Joram J Buza
- School of Life Sciences and Bio-Engineering, Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology, Arusha, United Republic of Tanzania
| | - Sarah Cleaveland
- Institute of Biodiversity Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, College of Medical Veterinary & Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Margaret A Davis
- Paul G. Allen School for Global Animal Health, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, United States of America
| | - Nigel P French
- mEpiLab, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand; New Zealand Food Safety Science and Research Centre, New Zealand
| | - Blandina T Mmbaga
- Kilimanjaro Clinical Research Institute, Good Samaritan Foundation, Moshi, United Republic of Tanzania
| | - Gerard Prinsen
- School of People, Environment and Planning, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Emmanuel S Swai
- State Department of Veterinary Services, Ministry of Livestock and Fisheries, Dodoma, United Republic of Tanzania
| | - Ruth N Zadoks
- Institute of Biodiversity Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, College of Medical Veterinary & Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - John A Crump
- Centre for International Health, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
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Han X, Guan X, Zeng H, Li J, Huang X, Wen Y, Zhao Q, Huang X, Yan Q, Huang Y, Cao S, Wu R, Ma X, Zou L. Prevalence, antimicrobial resistance profiles and virulence-associated genes of thermophilic Campylobacter spp. isolated from ducks in a Chinese slaughterhouse. Food Control 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2019.04.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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Kanaan MHG, Abdulwahid MT. Prevalence Rate, Antibiotic Resistance and Biotyping of Thermotolerant Campylobacter Isolated from Poultry Products Vended in Wasit Markets. CURRENT RESEARCH IN NUTRITION AND FOOD SCIENCE JOURNAL 2019. [DOI: 10.12944/crnfsj.7.3.29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Campylobacter is a public cause of globally identified human gastrointestinal disease. Nonetheless, in Iraq many sides of the epidemiology of campylobacteriosis and its impact on public health remain poorly understood. Hence, this study was taken to offer reference information on the prevalence rate, sensitivity to antibiotics and biotyping of Campylobacter in poultry products sold in the Wasit markets. A total of 85 samples were collected including chicken (n = 45) and turkey (n =40) meat were surveyed for isolation and identification. Thermotolerant Campylobacter was detected in 54 samples by which Campylobacter jejuni (C. jejuni) was recognized as a main species accounting for 37(68.5%),while Campylobacter coli (C. coli) had 17 (31.5%) of the positive samples. Highest resistance was perceived to oxacillin and tetracycline as (94.4% and 85.2%), respectively. While lowest rate of resistance, 29.6% was detected against gentamicin. Campylobacter coli isolates showed higher resistance rate than C. jejuni isolates towards the selected antibiotics. In addition, multiple drug resistance (MDR) to at least three antibiotics was detected in the vast majority (90.7%) of the experienced isolates. Forty- three (79.6%) of the isolates had multiple antibiotic resistance index (MAR-index) 0.4 and above. Results of biotyping showed that biotype I was the predominant biotype in the two species as 70.2 and 76.5 proportions in C. jejuni and C. coli, respectively. Our results proposed that the presence of Campylobacter in poultry with greater resistance to erythromycin and/ or ciprofloxacin triggers the public health alarm and accentuates the education of consumers on the quality and safety of such foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manal Hadi Ghaffoori Kanaan
- Department of Agriculture, Technical Institute of Suwaria, Middle Technical University, Baghdad, Iraq, Western Asia
| | - Mushtaq Talib Abdulwahid
- Department of Veterinary Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Baghdad, Iraq, Western Asia
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15
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Nascimento RJ, Frasão BS, Dias TS, Nascimento ER, Tavares LS, Almeida VL, Aquino MHC. Detection of efflux pump CmeABC in enrofloxacin resistant Campylobacter spp. strains isolated from broiler chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus) in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. PESQUISA VETERINÁRIA BRASILEIRA 2019. [DOI: 10.1590/1678-5150-pvb-6004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT: Fowls are the main reservoirs of the highly important food-originating pathogen called Campylobacter spp. and broilers’ meat and byproducts are the main vehicles of this microorganism. Increasing of Campylobacter spp. resistant strains to fluorquinolones, an antimicrobial class often employed in poultry farming and in human medicine has become a great concern to poultry breeders. In fact, several studies evaluated increasing bacterial resistance against these antimicrobial agents. The role of CmeABC efflux system has been underscored among the resistance mechanisms in Campylobacter spp. to fluorquinolones. This study investigated the occurrence of CmeABC efflux pump in 81 and 78 enrofloxacin resistant strains of Campylobacter jejuni and C. coli respectively, isolated from broilers collected from six abattoirs situated at São José do Vale do Rio Preto/RJ poultry center and from two commercial abattoirs situated at Metropolitan Region of Rio de Janeiro, from 2013 to 2016. The resistance to enrofloxacin was assessed by agar dilution to determine minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). The CmeABC efflux system was investigated through the detection of genes genes cmeA, cmeB and cmeC by PCR. The activity of CmeABC efflux pump was investigated in 20 strains by using the efflux pump inhibitor Phenylalanine-Arginine β-Naphthylamide (PAβN). The three genes cmeA, cmeB and cmeC were detected in 94.3% of the strains (C. jejuni = 80 and C. coli = 70), whereas the system was absent or incomplete in 5.7% of strains (C. jejuni = 1 and C. coli = 8). MIC varied between 0.5μg/ml and 64μg/ml, and 88.7% of strains were enrofloxacin resistant and 11.3% featuring intermediate resistance. The inhibition of the efflux pump by PAβN reduced the MIC to enrofloxacin up to eight times in fifteen strains (75%). These results indicate that this system is frequent and active in Campylobacter spp. Resistant strains in the presence of enrofloxacin.
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16
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Tabashsum Z, Peng M, Kahan E, Rahaman SO, Biswas D. Effect of conjugated linoleic acid overproducing Lactobacillus with berry pomace phenolic extracts on Campylobacter jejuni pathogenesis. Food Funct 2019; 10:296-303. [PMID: 30566169 DOI: 10.1039/c8fo01863d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Campylobacter jejuni (CJ) is one of the predominant causative agents of acute gastroenteritis in the US and other developed countries through the handling of raw chicken or the consumption of undercooked poultry and poultry products. Probiotics and their metabolites such as conjugated linoleic acids (CLAs) play a crucial role in improving host health and act as antimicrobials against enteric pathogens. Furthermore, prebiotics or prebiotic-like components such as bioactive phenolics from berry pomace can stimulate the growth of beneficial microbes including Lactobacillus casei (LC) and its metabolites, and competitively inhibit the growth of enteric bacterial pathogens. In this study, we aimed at enhancing the efficiency of antimicrobial/beneficial activities of LC and the extent of production of bioactive compounds by combining berry pomace phenolic extract (BPPE) and overproducing CLA in L. casei (LC-CLA). Under mixed culture conditions, LC-CLA in the presence of BPPE reduced the growth of CJ by more than 3 log CFU ml-1 within 48 h. The cell-free culture supernatant (CFCS) of LC-CLA in the presence of BPPE also reduced significantly the growth of CJ >3.2 log CFU ml-1 at 24 h. The interactions of CJ with cultured chicken fibroblast cells (DF-1), chicken macrophage (HD-11), and human epithelial cells (HeLa) were altered significantly. Treatments with BPPE and/or CFCS also altered the injured cell number, auto-aggregation capacity and cell surface hydrophobicity of CJ, significantly. Furthermore, combined treatments with BPPE and CFCSs of LC-CLA altered the expression of multiple virulence genes such as ciaB, cdtB, cadF, flaA, and flaB of CJ from 0.45 fold to 6.85 fold. Overall, BPPE enhanced the effect of LC-CLA in the reduction of CJ growth, survival ability, host cell-CJ interactions, and virulence gene expression. This finding indicates that a combination of BPPE and LC-CLA may be able to prevent the colonization of CJ in poultry, reduce the cross-contamination of poultry products and control poultry-borne campylobacteriosis in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zajeba Tabashsum
- Department of Animal and Avian Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA.
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Nga VT, Ngoc TU, Minh LB, Ngoc VTN, Pham VH, Nghia LL, Son NLH, Van Pham TH, Bac ND, Tien TV, Tuan NNM, Tao Y, Show PL, Chu DT. Zoonotic diseases from birds to humans in Vietnam: possible diseases and their associated risk factors. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2019; 38:1047-1058. [PMID: 30806904 DOI: 10.1007/s10096-019-03505-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2018] [Accepted: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
In recent decades, exceeding 60% of infectious cases in human beings are originated from pathogenic agents related to feral or companion animals. This figure continues to swiftly increase due to excessive exposure between human and contaminated hosts by means of applying unhygienic farming practices throughout society. In Asia countries-renowned for lax regulation towards animal-trading markets-have experienced tremendous outbreaks of zoonotic diseases every year. Meanwhile, various epidemic surges were first reported in the residential area of China-one of the largest distributor of all animal products on the planet. Some noticeable illnesses comprising of A/H5N1 or H7N9-known as avian influenza which transmitted from poultry and also wild birds-have caused inevitable disquiet among inhabitants. Indeed, poultry farming industry in China has witnessed dynamic evolution for the past two decades, both in quantity and degree of output per individual. Together with this pervasive expansion, zoonotic diseases from poultry have incessantly emerged as a latent threat to the surrounding residents in entire Asia and also European countries. Without strict exporting legislation, Vietnam is now facing the serious problem in terms of poultry distribution between the two countries' border. Even though several disease investigations have been conducted by many researchers, the disease epidemiology or transmission methods among people remained blurred and need to be further elucidated. In this paper, our aim is to provide a laconic review of common zoonotic diseases spread in Vietnam, outstanding cases and several factors predisposing to this alarming situation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vu Thi Nga
- Institute for Research and Development, Duy Tan University, 03 QuangTrung, Danang, Vietnam
| | - Tran Uyen Ngoc
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Nong Lam University, Ho Chi Minh, Vietnam
| | - Le Bui Minh
- NTT Hi-tech Institute, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, 300A Nguyen Tat Thanh St., Ward 13, District 4, Ho Chi Minh, Vietnam
| | | | - Van-Huy Pham
- AI Lab, Faculty of Information Technology, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
| | - Le Long Nghia
- School of Odonto Stomatology, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | | | - Thi Hong Van Pham
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Vietnam National University of Forestry, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | | | - Tran Viet Tien
- 103 Military Hospital, Vietnam Military Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | | | - Yang Tao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Pau Loke Show
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus, JalanBroga, 43500 Semenyih, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Dinh-Toi Chu
- School of Odonto Stomatology, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam.
- Faculty of Biology, Hanoi National University of Education, Hanoi, Vietnam.
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Tabashsum Z, Peng M, Salaheen S, Comis C, Biswas D. Competitive elimination and virulence property alteration of Campylobacter jejuni by genetically engineered Lactobacillus casei. Food Control 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2017.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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19
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Martinez-Anton L, Marenda M, Firestone SM, Bushell RN, Child G, Hamilton AI, Long SN, Le Chevoir MAR. Investigation of the Role of Campylobacter Infection in Suspected Acute Polyradiculoneuritis in Dogs. J Vet Intern Med 2018; 32:352-360. [PMID: 29356096 PMCID: PMC5787210 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.15030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2017] [Revised: 10/20/2017] [Accepted: 11/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Acute polyradiculoneuritis (APN) is an immune‐mediated peripheral nerve disorder in dogs that shares many similarities with Guillain‐Barré syndrome (GBS) in humans, in which the bacterial pathogen Campylobacter spp. now is considered to be a major triggering agent. Little information is available concerning the relationship between APN and Campylobacter spp. in dogs. Hypothesis/Objectives To estimate the association between Campylobacter spp. infection and APN. Associations with additional potential risk factors also were investigated, particularly consumption of raw chicken. Animals Twenty‐seven client‐owned dogs suffering from suspected APN and 47 healthy dogs, client‐owned or owned by staff members. Methods Case‐control study with incidence density‐based sampling. Fecal samples were collected from each enrolled animal to perform direct culture, DNA extraction, and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for detection of Campylobacter spp. In some cases, species identification was performed by sequence analysis of the amplicon. Data were obtained from the medical records and owner questionnaires in both groups. Results In cases in which the fecal sample was collected within 7 days from onset of clinical signs, APN cases were 9.4 times more likely to be positive for Campylobacter spp compared to control dogs (P < 0.001). In addition, a significant association was detected between dogs affected by APN and the consumption of raw chicken (96% of APN cases; 26% of control dogs). The most common Campylobacter spp. identified was Campylobacter upsaliensis. Conclusions and Clinical Importance Raw chicken consumption is a risk factor in dogs for the development of APN, which potentially is mediated by infection with Campylobacter spp.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Martinez-Anton
- Faculty of Veterinary & Agricultural Sciences, Department of Neurology & Neurosurgery, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
| | - M Marenda
- Faculty of Veterinary & Agricultural Sciences, Department of Microbiology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
| | - S M Firestone
- Asia-Pacific Centre for Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary & Agricultural Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Vic., Australia
| | - R N Bushell
- Faculty of Veterinary & Agricultural Sciences, Department of Microbiology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
| | - G Child
- Small Animal Specialist Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - A I Hamilton
- Small Animal Specialist Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - S N Long
- Centre for Animal Referral & Emergency, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
| | - M A R Le Chevoir
- Faculty of Veterinary & Agricultural Sciences, Department of Neurology & Neurosurgery, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
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20
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Premarathne JMKJK, Satharasinghe DA, Huat JTY, Basri DF, Rukayadi Y, Nakaguchi Y, Nishibuchi M, Radu S. Impact of human Campylobacter infections in Southeast Asia: The contribution of the poultry sector. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2018; 57:3971-3986. [PMID: 28001082 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2016.1266297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Campylobacter is globally recognized as a major cause of foodborne infection in humans, whilst the development of antimicrobial resistance and the possibility of repelling therapy increase the threat to public health. Poultry is the most frequent source of Campylobacter infection in humans, and southeast Asia is a global leader in poultry production, consumption, and exports. Though three of the world's top 20 most populated countries are located in southeast Asia, the true burden of Campylobacter infection in the region has not been fully elucidated. Based on published data, Campylobacter has been reported in humans, animals, and food commodities in the region. To our knowledge, this study is the first to review the status of human Campylobacter infection in southeast Asia and to discuss future perspectives. Gaining insight into the true burden of the infection and prevalence levels of Campylobacter spp. in the southeast Asian region is essential to ensuring global and regional food safety through facilitating improvements in surveillance systems, food safety regulations, and mitigation strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayasekara Mudiyanselage Krishanthi Jayarukshi Kumari Premarathne
- a Food Safety Research Centre (FOSREC), Faculty of Food Science and Technology , University Putra Malaysia, UPM , Serdang , Malaysia.,b Department of Livestock and Avian Science , Wayamba University of Sri Lanka, Faculty of Livestock, Fisheries and Nutrition , Makandura , Gonawila , Sri Lanka
| | - Dilan Amila Satharasinghe
- c Institute of Bioscience , University Putra Malaysia , UPM , Serdang , Malaysia.,d Department of Basic Veterinary Science , University of Peradeniya, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science , Peradeniya , Sri Lanka
| | - John Tang Yew Huat
- e Faculty of Food Technology , Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin , Kuala Terengganu , Terengganu , Malaysia
| | - Dayang Fredalina Basri
- f School of Diagnostic and Applied Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences , Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia , Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur , Malaysia
| | - Yaya Rukayadi
- a Food Safety Research Centre (FOSREC), Faculty of Food Science and Technology , University Putra Malaysia, UPM , Serdang , Malaysia
| | - Yoshitsugu Nakaguchi
- g Center for Southeast Asian Studies , Kyoto University, Yoshida , Sakyo-ku , Kyoto , Japan
| | - Mitsuaki Nishibuchi
- g Center for Southeast Asian Studies , Kyoto University, Yoshida , Sakyo-ku , Kyoto , Japan
| | - Son Radu
- a Food Safety Research Centre (FOSREC), Faculty of Food Science and Technology , University Putra Malaysia, UPM , Serdang , Malaysia
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21
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Nguyen NH, Nguyen TNM, Hotzel H, El Adawy H, Nguyen AQ, Tran HT, Le MTH, Tomaso H, Neubauer H, Hafez HM. Thermophilic Campylobacter - Neglected Foodborne Pathogens in Cambodia, Laos and Vietnam. GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY (BARTLESVILLE, OKLA.) 2017; 8:00279. [PMID: 31544148 PMCID: PMC6754824 DOI: 10.15406/ghoa.2017.08.00279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Thermophilic Campylobacter are the most common bacterial cause of gastroenteritis in humans worldwide. Poultry and poultry products are the main sources for human infections. Epidemiological data concerning campylobacteriosis in Asia are limited. Overall, it is difficult to accurately assess the burden of Campylobacter infections. South-East Asia including Cambodia, Laos and Vietnam is known as a hotspot for emerging diseases. Campylobacteriosis is a problem of public health concern in these countries, hence. Epidemiological data are scarce. This is influenced by the limited number of laboratory facilities and lack of equipment and awareness in physicians and veterinarians resulting in the lack of surveys. This review lists articles and reports on Campylobacter and campylobacteriosis in these developing third world countries. Subjects are prevalence of thermophilic Campylobacter in humans, animals and food and their resistance to several antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tuan Ngoc Minh Nguyen
- Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Institute of Bacterial Infections and Zoonoses, Germany
- Hung Vuong University, Vietnam
- Institute for Poultry Diseases, Free University Berlin, Germany
| | - Helmut Hotzel
- Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Institute of Bacterial Infections and Zoonoses, Germany
| | - Hosny El Adawy
- Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Institute of Bacterial Infections and Zoonoses, Germany
- Department of Poultry Disease, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Egypt
| | | | - Hanh Thi Tran
- Biodiversity Conversation and Tropical Disease Research Institute (BioD), Vietnam
| | - Minh Thi Hong Le
- Biodiversity Conversation and Tropical Disease Research Institute (BioD), Vietnam
- Institute of Marine Biochemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Vietnam
| | - Herbert Tomaso
- Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Institute of Bacterial Infections and Zoonoses, Germany
| | - Heinrich Neubauer
- Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Institute of Bacterial Infections and Zoonoses, Germany
| | - Hafez M Hafez
- Institute for Poultry Diseases, Free University Berlin, Germany
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Antibiotic Susceptibility, Genetic Diversity, and the Presence of Toxin Producing Genes in Campylobacter Isolates from Poultry. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2017; 14:ijerph14111400. [PMID: 29149023 PMCID: PMC5708039 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph14111400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2017] [Revised: 11/08/2017] [Accepted: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This study examined antibiotic susceptibility, genetic diversity, and characteristics of virulence genes in Campylobacter isolates from poultry. Chicken (n = 152) and duck (n = 154) samples were collected from 18 wet markets in Korea. Campylobacter spp. isolated from the carcasses were identified by PCR. The isolated colonies were analyzed for antibiotic susceptibility to chloramphenicol, amikacin, erythromycin, tetracycline, ciprofloxacin, nalidixic acid, and enrofloxacin. The isolates were also used to analyze genetic diversity using the DiversiLabTM system and were tested for the presence of cytolethal distending toxin (cdt) genes. Campylobacter spp. were isolated from 45 poultry samples out of 306 poultry samples (14.7%) and the average levels of Campylobacter contamination were 22.0 CFU/g and 366.1 CFU/g in chicken and duck samples, respectively. Moreover, more than 90% of the isolates showed resistance to nalidixic acid and ciprofloxacin. Genetic correlation analysis showed greater than 95% similarity between 84.4% of the isolates, and three cdt genes (cdtA, cdtB, and cdtC) were present in 71.1% of Campylobacter isolates. These results indicate that Campylobacter contamination should be decreased to prevent and treat Campylobacter foodborne illness.
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Jribi H, Sellami H, Mariam S, Smaoui S, Ghorbel A, Hachicha S, Benejat L, Messadi-Akrout F, Mégraud F, Gdoura R. Isolation and Identification of Campylobacter spp. from Poultry and Poultry By-Products in Tunisia by Conventional Culture Method and Multiplex Real-Time PCR. J Food Prot 2017; 80:1623-1627. [PMID: 28853632 DOI: 10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-16-321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Thermophilic Campylobacter spp. are one of the primary causes of bacterial human diarrhea. The consumption of poultry meats, by-products, or both is suspected to be a major cause of human campylobacteriosis. The aims of this study were to determine the prevalence of thermophilic Campylobacter spp. in fresh poultry meat and poultry by-products by conventional culture methods and to confirm Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli isolates by using the multiplex PCR assay. Two hundred fifty fresh poultry samples were collected from a variety of supermarkets and slaughterhouses located in Sfax, Tunisia, including chicken (n =149) and turkey (n =101). The samples were analyzed using conventional microbiological examinations according to the 2006 International Organization for Standardization method (ISO 10272-1) for Campylobacter spp. Concurrently, a real-time PCR was used for identification of C. jejuni and C. coli . Of the 250 samples of poultry meat and poultry by-products, 25.6% (n = 64) were contaminated with Campylobacter spp. The highest prevalence of Campylobacter spp. was found in chicken meat (26.8%) followed by turkey meat (23.7%). Among the different products, poultry breasts showed the highest contamination (36.6%) followed by poultry by-products (30%), poultry wings (28%) and poultry legs (26%) showed the lowest contamination, and no contamination was found on neck skin. Of the 64 thermophilic Campylobacter isolates, C. jejuni (59.7%) was the most frequently isolated species and 10.9% of the isolates were identified as C. coli . All of the 64 Campylobacter isolates identified by the conventional culture methods were further confirmed by PCR. The seasonal peak of Campylobacter spp. contamination was in the warm seasons (spring and summer). The study concluded that high proportions of poultry meat and poultry by-products marketed in Tunisia are contaminated by Campylobacter spp. Furthermore, to ensure food safety, poultry meats must be properly cooked before consuming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hela Jribi
- Laboratoire de Recherche Toxicologie-Microbiologie Environnementale et Santé (LRES06), Faculté des Sciences de Sfax, Université de Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Hanen Sellami
- Laboratoire de Recherche Toxicologie-Microbiologie Environnementale et Santé (LRES06), Faculté des Sciences de Sfax, Université de Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Siala Mariam
- Laboratoire de Recherche Toxicologie-Microbiologie Environnementale et Santé (LRES06), Faculté des Sciences de Sfax, Université de Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Salma Smaoui
- Regional Laboratory of Hygiene, Hedi Chaker University Hospital, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Asma Ghorbel
- Regional Laboratory of Hygiene, Hedi Chaker University Hospital, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Salma Hachicha
- Regional Laboratory of Hygiene, Hedi Chaker University Hospital, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Lucie Benejat
- Université de Bordeaux, National Reference Center for Campylobacters and Helicobacters, Laboratoire de Bactériologie, Bordeaux, France.,CHU de Bordeaux, Laboratoire de Bactériologie, 33076 Bordeaux, France
| | | | - Francis Mégraud
- Université de Bordeaux, National Reference Center for Campylobacters and Helicobacters, Laboratoire de Bactériologie, Bordeaux, France.,CHU de Bordeaux, Laboratoire de Bactériologie, 33076 Bordeaux, France
| | - Radhouane Gdoura
- Laboratoire de Recherche Toxicologie-Microbiologie Environnementale et Santé (LRES06), Faculté des Sciences de Sfax, Université de Sfax, Tunisia
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24
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Gay N, Belmonte O, Collard JM, Halifa M, Issack MI, Mindjae S, Palmyre P, Ibrahim AA, Rasamoelina H, Flachet L, Filleul L, Cardinale E. Review of Antibiotic Resistance in the Indian Ocean Commission: A Human and Animal Health Issue. Front Public Health 2017; 5:162. [PMID: 28730149 PMCID: PMC5498788 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2017.00162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Accepted: 06/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a major threat to human, animal health, and environment worldwide. For human, transmission occurred through a variety of routes both in health-care settings and community. In animals, AMR was reported in livestock, pets, and wildlife; transmission of AMR can be zoonotic with the probably most important route being foodborne transmission. The Indian Ocean Commission (IOC), composed of Comoros, Madagascar, Mauritius, Reunion (France), and Seychelles recognized the surveillance of AMR in both animal and human as a main public health priority for the region. Mayotte, French overseas territory, located in Comoros archipelago, was also included in this review. This review summarized our best epidemiological knowledge regarding AMR in Indian Ocean. We documented the prevalence, and phenotypic and genotypic profiles of prone to resistance Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria both in animals and humans. Our review clearly pointed out extended-spectrum β-lactamase and carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae as main human and animal health issue in IOC. However, publications on AMR are scarce, particularly in Comoros, Mayotte, and Seychelles. Thus, research and surveillance priorities were recommended (i) estimating the volume of antimicrobial drugs used in livestock and human medicine in the different territories [mainly third generation cephalosporin (3GC)]; (ii) developing a “One Health” surveillance approach with epidemiological indicators as zoonotic foodborne pathogen (i.e., couple Escherichia coli resistance to 3GC/carbapenems); (iii) screening travelers with a history of hospitalization and consumption of antibiotic drug returning from at risk areas (e.g., mcr-1 transmission with China or hajj pilgrims) allowing an early warning detection of the emergence for quick control measures implementation in IOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noellie Gay
- Animals, Health, Territories, Risks and Ecosystems Unit, Department of Animal Health, French Agricultural Research Center for International Development (CIRAD), Montpellier, France
| | - Olivier Belmonte
- Bacteriology Laboratory, Félix Guyon Hospital, Saint-Denis, Reunion
| | - Jean-Marc Collard
- Experimental Bacteriology Unit, Pasteur Institute of Madagascar, Antananarivo, Madagascar
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Loïc Flachet
- Health Monitoring Unit, Indian Ocean Commission, Port-Louis, Mauritius
| | - Laurent Filleul
- Regional Unit of Indian Ocean, Santé Publique France, Saint-Denis, Reunion
| | - Eric Cardinale
- Animals, Health, Territories, Risks and Ecosystems Unit, Department of Animal Health, French Agricultural Research Center for International Development (CIRAD), Montpellier, France.,Health Monitoring Unit, Indian Ocean Commission, Port-Louis, Mauritius
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25
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Liu KC, Jinneman KC, Neal-McKinney J, Wu WH, Rice DH. Simultaneous Identification of Campylobacter jejuni, Campylobacter coli, and Campylobacter lari with SmartCycler-Based Multiplex Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction. Foodborne Pathog Dis 2017; 14:371-378. [PMID: 28440688 DOI: 10.1089/fpd.2016.2245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Consumption of Campylobacter contaminated food or water is a leading cause of human acute gastroenteritis. Campylobacter jejuni, Campylobacter coli, and Campylobacter lari account for over 95% of total Campylobacter infections. A multiplex quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) for simultaneous identification of C. jejuni, C. coli, and C. lari was developed for use with the SmartCycler II system. MATERIALS AND METHODS We evaluated and combined previously described primers and probes for Campylobacter detection, designed a new internal amplification control, and optimized the multiplex qPCR for the detection of C. jejuni, C. coli, and C. lari. RESULTS This method was 100% specific when tested against a panel of 32 target Campylobacter strains and 31 non-Campylobacter reference strains. Furthermore, there was no cross-reactivity with seven strains from four nontarget Campylobacter species. The amplification efficiency of each target in this multiplex qPCR was over 90%, and each coefficient of linearity was greater than 0.99. With artificially mixed genomic DNA, this method detected as few as two, three, and two genome copies of C. jejuni, C. coli, and C. lari, respectively. This method was also able to detect these three Campylobacter species in artificially contaminated milk with a sensitivity of five spiked cells of each target per reaction. CONCLUSION The three Campylobacter targets were simultaneously identified using artificially mixed genomic DNA and spiked raw milk. This SmartCycler-based multiplex qPCR is a rapid, specific, and sensitive method to identify C. jejuni, C. coli, and C. lari.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun C Liu
- Pacific Regional Laboratory Northwest, Applied Technology Center , US Food and Drug Administration, Bothell, Washington
| | - Karen C Jinneman
- Pacific Regional Laboratory Northwest, Applied Technology Center , US Food and Drug Administration, Bothell, Washington
| | - Jason Neal-McKinney
- Pacific Regional Laboratory Northwest, Applied Technology Center , US Food and Drug Administration, Bothell, Washington
| | - Wen-Hsin Wu
- Pacific Regional Laboratory Northwest, Applied Technology Center , US Food and Drug Administration, Bothell, Washington
| | - Daniel H Rice
- Pacific Regional Laboratory Northwest, Applied Technology Center , US Food and Drug Administration, Bothell, Washington
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26
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Lee SK, Park HJ, Lee JH, Lim JS, Seo KH, Heo EJ, Kim YJ, Wee SH, Moon JS. Distribution and Molecular Characterization of Campylobacter Species at Different Processing Stages in Two Poultry Processing Plants. Foodborne Pathog Dis 2017; 14:141-147. [DOI: 10.1089/fpd.2016.2218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Soo-Kyoung Lee
- Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Jung Park
- Korea Food and Drug Administration, Chungcheongbuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Hee Lee
- Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Soo Lim
- Center for One Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kun-Ho Seo
- Center for One Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Jeong Heo
- Korea Food and Drug Administration, Chungcheongbuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Jo Kim
- Korea Food and Drug Administration, Chungcheongbuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Hwan Wee
- Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-San Moon
- Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Republic of Korea
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27
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Nhung NT, Cuong NV, Thwaites G, Carrique-Mas J. Antimicrobial Usage and Antimicrobial Resistance in Animal Production in Southeast Asia: A Review. Antibiotics (Basel) 2016; 5:E37. [PMID: 27827853 PMCID: PMC5187518 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics5040037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2016] [Revised: 10/19/2016] [Accepted: 10/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Southeast Asia is an area of great economic dynamism. In recent years, it has experienced a rapid rise in the levels of animal product production and consumption. The region is considered to be a hotspot for infectious diseases and antimicrobial resistance (AMR). We reviewed English-language peer-reviewed publications related to antimicrobial usage (AMU) and AMR in animal production, as well as antimicrobial residues in meat and fish from 2000 to 2016, in the region. There is a paucity of data from most countries and for most bacterial pathogens. Most of the published work relates to non-typhoidal Salmonella (NTS), Escherichia coli (E. coli), and Campylobacter spp. (mainly from Vietnam and Thailand), Enterococcus spp. (Malaysia), and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) (Thailand). However, most studies used the disk diffusion method for antimicrobial susceptibility testing; breakpoints were interpreted using Clinical Standard Laboratory Institute (CSLI) guidelines. Statistical models integrating data from publications on AMR in NTS and E. coli studies show a higher overall prevalence of AMR in pig isolates, and an increase in levels of AMR over the years. AMU studies (mostly from Vietnam) indicate very high usage levels of most types of antimicrobials, including beta-lactams, aminoglycosides, macrolides, and quinolones. This review summarizes information about genetic determinants of resistance, most of which are transferrable (mostly plasmids and integrons). The data in this review provide a benchmark to help focus research and policies on AMU and AMR in the region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nguyen T Nhung
- Hospital for Tropical Diseases, Wellcome Trust Major Overseas Programme, Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
| | - Nguyen V Cuong
- Hospital for Tropical Diseases, Wellcome Trust Major Overseas Programme, Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
| | - Guy Thwaites
- Hospital for Tropical Diseases, Wellcome Trust Major Overseas Programme, Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
- Centre for Tropical Medicine, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, Oxford University, Old Road Campus, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK.
| | - Juan Carrique-Mas
- Hospital for Tropical Diseases, Wellcome Trust Major Overseas Programme, Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
- Centre for Tropical Medicine, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, Oxford University, Old Road Campus, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK.
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28
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Repérant E, Laisney MJ, Nagard B, Quesne S, Rouxel S, Le Gall F, Chemaly M, Denis M. Influence of enrichment and isolation media on the detection of Campylobacter spp. in naturally contaminated chicken samples. J Microbiol Methods 2016; 128:42-47. [PMID: 27373751 DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2016.06.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2016] [Revised: 06/27/2016] [Accepted: 06/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Investigating Campylobacter epidemiology requires adequate technique and media to ensure optimal culturing and accurate detection and isolation of Campylobacter strains. In the present study, we investigated the performances of three enrichment durations in Bolton broth (0, 24 and 48h) and compared four isolation media (mCCDA, Karmali, Butzler no. 2 and CampyFood agar (CFA)) for the detection of Campylobacter positive samples and the identification of Campylobacter species, from naturally contaminated broiler chicken samples (caeca, neck skin from carcasses, and skin from thighs). We compared our local results to those we obtained with samples from a European survey (caeca and neck skin) and a national survey (neck skin, thigh skin, and breast). Direct plating favored the detection of positive samples highly contaminated by Campylobacter (caeca and neck skin from carcasses) whatever the media. A longer enrichment reduced the rates of Campylobacter recovery except when using Butzler no. 2, more particularly for neck skin which background microflora was less important than in caeca. As a matter of fact, enrichment allowed a higher detection rate of positive samples with low Campylobacter contamination levels (breast, thigh skin), this detection being enhanced when using Butzler no. 2. When comparing the 3 other selective media, CFA was the 2nd most efficient media prior to mCCDA and Karmali. Interestingly, enrichment promoted the growth of Campylobacter coli but this promotion was least with Butzler no. 2 agar. Our study has confirmed the need to adapt the method to the types of samples for improving the detection of Campylobacter and that the method may affect the prevalence of the species.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Repérant
- Anses, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health Safety, Unit of Hygiene and Quality of Poultry and Pork Products, NRL Campylobacter, University of Bretagne Loire, BP 53, 22440 Ploufragan, France.
| | - M J Laisney
- Anses, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health Safety, Unit of Hygiene and Quality of Poultry and Pork Products, NRL Campylobacter, University of Bretagne Loire, BP 53, 22440 Ploufragan, France
| | - B Nagard
- Anses, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health Safety, Unit of Hygiene and Quality of Poultry and Pork Products, NRL Campylobacter, University of Bretagne Loire, BP 53, 22440 Ploufragan, France
| | - S Quesne
- Anses, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health Safety, Unit of Hygiene and Quality of Poultry and Pork Products, NRL Campylobacter, University of Bretagne Loire, BP 53, 22440 Ploufragan, France
| | - S Rouxel
- Anses, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health Safety, Unit of Hygiene and Quality of Poultry and Pork Products, NRL Campylobacter, University of Bretagne Loire, BP 53, 22440 Ploufragan, France
| | - F Le Gall
- Anses, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health Safety, Unit of Hygiene and Quality of Poultry and Pork Products, NRL Campylobacter, University of Bretagne Loire, BP 53, 22440 Ploufragan, France
| | - M Chemaly
- Anses, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health Safety, Unit of Hygiene and Quality of Poultry and Pork Products, NRL Campylobacter, University of Bretagne Loire, BP 53, 22440 Ploufragan, France
| | - M Denis
- Anses, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health Safety, Unit of Hygiene and Quality of Poultry and Pork Products, NRL Campylobacter, University of Bretagne Loire, BP 53, 22440 Ploufragan, France
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29
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Salaheen S, Peng M, Biswas D. Ecological Dynamics of Campylobacter in Integrated Mixed Crop-Livestock Farms and Its Prevalence and Survival Ability in Post-Harvest Products. Zoonoses Public Health 2016; 63:641-650. [PMID: 27178350 DOI: 10.1111/zph.12279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the ecological distribution of zoonotic bacterial pathogen, Campylobacter, in mixed crop-livestock (MCL) farms compared to conventional farms and their products at pre- and post-harvest levels. A total of 222 Campylobacter isolates were identified. At pre-harvest level, a total of 1287 samples from seven MCL farms, four conventional poultry farms, four organic produce-only and five conventional produce-only farms from Maryland and the DC metropolitan area were analysed from 2012 to 2014. Campylobacter was detected in 11.16% and 3.6% of MCL and conventional farm samples, respectively, but none from produce-only farm samples. Tetracycline resistance was observed in 51.02% of MCL farm isolates but none among conventional farm isolates. For post-harvest analysis, a total of 1281 food products from seven farmers markets, three organic retail supermarkets and three conventional retail supermarkets were collected from the same area. Campylobacter was isolated in 87.5%, 71.43% and 33.33% of whole chicken carcasses in farmers markets, organic and conventional retail supermarkets, respectively. No Campylobacter was detected in post-harvest produce samples due in part to the inability of Campylobacter to survive in absence of sufficient water activity. Overall, this study reveals public health concerns regarding the MCL farm environment and their products that are sold in retail and farmers markets.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Salaheen
- Department of Animal and Avian Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - M Peng
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - D Biswas
- Department of Animal and Avian Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA.,Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA.,Center for Food Safety and Security System, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
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30
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Nguyen TNM, Hotzel H, El-Adawy H, Tran HT, Le MTH, Tomaso H, Neubauer H, Hafez HM. Genotyping and antibiotic resistance of thermophilic Campylobacter isolated from chicken and pig meat in Vietnam. Gut Pathog 2016; 8:19. [PMID: 27175218 PMCID: PMC4863348 DOI: 10.1186/s13099-016-0100-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2016] [Accepted: 04/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Campylobacter species are recognized as the most common cause of foodborne bacterial gastroenteritis in humans. In this study nine Campylobacter strains isolated from chicken meat and pork in Hanoi, Vietnam, were characterized using molecular methods and tested for antibiotic resistance. RESULTS The nine isolates (eight C. jejuni and one C. coli) were identified by multiplex PCR, and tested for the presence or absence of 29 gene loci associated with virulence, lipooligosaccharide (LOS) biosynthesis and further functions. flaA typing, multilocus sequence typing and microarray assay investigation showed a high degree of genetic diversity among these isolates. In all isolates motility genes (flaA, flaB, flhA, fliM), colonization associated genes (cadF, docB), toxin production genes (cdtA, cdtB, secD, secF), and the LOS biosynthesis gene pglB were detected. Eight gene loci (fliY, virB11, Cje1278, Cj1434c, Cj1138, Cj1438c, Cj1440c, Cj1136) could not be detected by PCR. A differing presence of the gene loci ciaB (22.2 %), Cje1280 (77.8 %), docC (66.7 %), and cgtB (55.6 %) was found. iamA, cdtC, and the type 6 secretion system were present in all C. jejuni isolates but not in C. coli. flaA typing resulted in five different genotypes within C. jejuni, MLST classified the isolates into seven sequence types (ST-5155, ST-6736, ST-2837, ST-4395, ST-5799, ST-4099 and ST-860). The microarray assay analysis showed a high genetic diversity within Vietnamese Campylobacter isolates which resulted in eight different types for C. jejuni. Antibiotic susceptibility profiles showed that all isolates were sensitive to gentamicin and most isolates (88.8 %) were sensitive to chloramphenicol, erythromycin and streptomycin. Resistance rates to nalidixic acid, tetracycline and ciprofloxacin were 88.9, 77.8 and 66.7 %, respectively. CONCLUSIONS To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first report that shows high genetic diversity and remarkable antibiotic resistance of Campylobacter strains isolated from meat in Vietnam which can be considered of high public health significance. These preliminary data show that large scale screenings are justified to assess the relevance of Campylobacter infections on human health in Vietnam.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuan Ngoc Minh Nguyen
- />HungVuong University, Viet Tri, PhuTho Vietnam
- />Institute of Bacterial Infections and Zoonoses, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Jena, Germany
- />Institute of Poultry Diseases, Free University Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Helmut Hotzel
- />Institute of Bacterial Infections and Zoonoses, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Jena, Germany
| | - Hosny El-Adawy
- />Institute of Bacterial Infections and Zoonoses, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Jena, Germany
- />Department of Poultry Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt
| | - Hanh Thi Tran
- />Institute of Tropical Diseases and Zoonoses Vietnam, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Minh Thi Hong Le
- />Institute of Marine Biochemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Herbert Tomaso
- />Institute of Bacterial Infections and Zoonoses, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Jena, Germany
| | - Heinrich Neubauer
- />Institute of Bacterial Infections and Zoonoses, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Jena, Germany
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31
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Prevalence and fluoroquinolones resistance of Campylobacter and Salmonella isolates from poultry carcasses in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Food Control 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2015.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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32
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Ciolacu L, Stessl B, Bolocan AS, Oniciuc EA, Wagner M, Rychli K, Nicolau AI. Tracking Foodborne Pathogenic Bacteria in Raw and Ready-to-Eat Food Illegally Sold at the Eastern EU Border. Foodborne Pathog Dis 2016; 13:148-55. [PMID: 26741503 DOI: 10.1089/fpd.2015.2057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Food illegally brought into the European Union, mainly in the personal luggage of travelers, represents a potential threat to consumers' health. The aim of this study was to investigate the presence of five pathogens in food brought into the European Union by Moldavian citizens as personal goods and illegally sold in Romania in the vicinity of the border. The occurrence of Staphylococcus aureus and Listeria monocytogenes was 7.5% and 8%, while Campylobacter spp., Escherichia coli O157:H7, and Salmonella spp. were absent in all samples. L. monocytogenes sequence type 2, 9, 121, and 155, highly prevalent among foodstuffs worldwide, was also present among isolates from ready-to-eat food illegally sold in Romania, even at the same date of sampling, indicating cross-contamination during food handling. S. aureus spa types t449, t304, and t524 were most often isolated from raw-milk cheeses contaminated with 10(3)-10(5) colony-forming units per gram, evidencing a contamination at herd level or unhygienic conditions during processing. S. aureus t011 and t3625, both included in the livestock-associated CC398, were isolated from pork lard and poultry meat. This study shows that cross-border trade from nonmember states represents a neglected route of transmission of foodborne pathogens into the European Union that could lead to sporadic or family-associated cases of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luminita Ciolacu
- 1 Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Dunarea de Jos University of Galati , Galati, Romania .,2 Institute for Milk Hygiene, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna , Vienna, Austria
| | - Beatrix Stessl
- 2 Institute for Milk Hygiene, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna , Vienna, Austria
| | - Andrei Sorin Bolocan
- 1 Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Dunarea de Jos University of Galati , Galati, Romania
| | - Elena Alexandra Oniciuc
- 1 Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Dunarea de Jos University of Galati , Galati, Romania
| | - Martin Wagner
- 2 Institute for Milk Hygiene, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna , Vienna, Austria
| | - Kathrin Rychli
- 2 Institute for Milk Hygiene, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna , Vienna, Austria
| | - Anca Ioana Nicolau
- 1 Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Dunarea de Jos University of Galati , Galati, Romania
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33
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Pancreatic amylase is an environmental signal for regulation of biofilm formation and host interaction in Campylobacter jejuni. Infect Immun 2015; 83:4884-95. [PMID: 26438798 DOI: 10.1128/iai.01064-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2015] [Accepted: 09/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Campylobacter jejuni is a commensal bacterium in the intestines of animals and birds and a major cause of food-borne gastroenteritis in humans worldwide. Here we show that exposure to pancreatic amylase leads to secretion of an α-dextran by C. jejuni and that a secreted protease, Cj0511, is required. Exposure of C. jejuni to pancreatic amylase promotes biofilm formation in vitro, increases interaction with human epithelial cell lines, increases virulence in the Galleria mellonella infection model, and promotes colonization of the chicken ileum. We also show that exposure to pancreatic amylase protects C. jejuni from stress conditions in vitro, suggesting that the induced α-dextran may be important during transmission between hosts. This is the first evidence that pancreatic amylase functions as an interkingdom signal in an enteric microorganism.
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34
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Prevalence, seasonality and antibiotic susceptibility of Campylobacter spp. isolates of retail broiler meat in Iran. Food Control 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2015.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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35
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Kaakoush NO, Castaño-Rodríguez N, Mitchell HM, Man SM. Global Epidemiology of Campylobacter Infection. Clin Microbiol Rev 2015; 28:687-720. [PMID: 26062576 PMCID: PMC4462680 DOI: 10.1128/cmr.00006-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 862] [Impact Index Per Article: 95.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Campylobacter jejuni infection is one of the most widespread infectious diseases of the last century. The incidence and prevalence of campylobacteriosis have increased in both developed and developing countries over the last 10 years. The dramatic increase in North America, Europe, and Australia is alarming, and data from parts of Africa, Asia, and the Middle East indicate that campylobacteriosis is endemic in these areas, especially in children. In addition to C. jejuni, there is increasing recognition of the clinical importance of emerging Campylobacter species, including Campylobacter concisus and Campylobacter ureolyticus. Poultry is a major reservoir and source of transmission of campylobacteriosis to humans. Other risk factors include consumption of animal products and water, contact with animals, and international travel. Strategic implementation of multifaceted biocontrol measures to reduce the transmission of this group of pathogens is paramount for public health. Overall, campylobacteriosis is still one of the most important infectious diseases that is likely to challenge global health in the years to come. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the global epidemiology, transmission, and clinical relevance of Campylobacter infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadeem O Kaakoush
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Natalia Castaño-Rodríguez
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Hazel M Mitchell
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Si Ming Man
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
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36
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Sierra-Arguello YM, Morgan RB, Perdoncini G, Lima LM, Gomes MJP, Nascimento VPD. Resistance to β-lactam and tetracycline in Campylobacter spp.isolated from broiler slaughterhouses in southern Brazil. PESQUISA VETERINARIA BRASILEIRA 2015. [DOI: 10.1590/s0100-736x2015000700006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Abstract The study was carried out to screen and analyze the genetic characteristics of antimicrobial resistance in Campylobacter spp. from poultry sources. A total of 141 strains of Campylobacter isolated from samples of broilers of slaughterhouses in southern Brazil was identified by phenotypic and genotypic methods. Campylobacter isolates were evaluated for its antimicrobial susceptibility and the presence of resistance genes. The strains were investigated for antimicrobial susceptibility against two agents (ampicillin and tetracycline) by disk diffusion method. PCR assay was used to confirm the specie and the presence of ampicillin (blaOXA-61), tetracycline tet(O), and the energy-dependent multi-drug efflux pump (cmeB) genes. Campylobacter jejuni was the most ubiquitous; its presence was determined in 140 samples out of 141 (99.3%), whereas Campylobacter coli was found only in one of the contaminated samples (0.70%). The results obtained showed 65% and 35.5% of Campylobacter isolates resistant to β-lactams and tetracyclines, respectively. The cmeB gene responsible for multidrug resistance was detected in 26 isolates out 141 strains (18.5%). Moreover, 36 out of 141 Campylobacter strains (25.6%) were found to be resistant to at least two different antimicrobia resistance markers (β-lactams and tetracyclines).
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Hungaro HM, Mendonça RCS, Rosa VO, Badaró ACL, Moreira MAS, Chaves JBP. Low contamination of Campylobacter spp. on chicken carcasses in Minas Gerais state, Brazil: Molecular characterization and antimicrobial resistance. Food Control 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2014.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Donado-Godoy P, Castellanos R, León M, Arevalo A, Clavijo V, Bernal J, León D, Tafur MA, Byrne BA, Smith WA, Perez-Gutierrez E. The Establishment of the Colombian Integrated Program for Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance (COIPARS): A Pilot Project on Poultry Farms, Slaughterhouses and Retail Market. Zoonoses Public Health 2015; 62 Suppl 1:58-69. [DOI: 10.1111/zph.12192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- P. Donado-Godoy
- Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria; Centro de Biotecnología y Bioindustria; Cundinamarca Colombia
| | - R. Castellanos
- Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria; Centro de Biotecnología y Bioindustria; Cundinamarca Colombia
| | - M. León
- Instituto Colombiano Agropecuario; Bogotá DC Colombia
| | - A. Arevalo
- Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria; Centro de Biotecnología y Bioindustria; Cundinamarca Colombia
| | - V. Clavijo
- Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria; Centro de Biotecnología y Bioindustria; Cundinamarca Colombia
| | - J. Bernal
- Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria; Centro de Biotecnología y Bioindustria; Cundinamarca Colombia
| | - D. León
- Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria; Centro de Biotecnología y Bioindustria; Cundinamarca Colombia
| | - M. A. Tafur
- Instituto Colombiano Agropecuario; Bogotá DC Colombia
| | - B. A. Byrne
- School of Veterinary Medicine; University of California; Davis CA USA
| | - W. A. Smith
- School of Veterinary Medicine; University of California; Davis CA USA
| | - E. Perez-Gutierrez
- Pan American Health Organization; Regional Office for the Americas of the World Health Organization; Washington DC USA
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Abdollahpour N, Zendehbad B, Alipour A, Khayatzadeh J. Wild-bird feces as a source of Campylobacter jejuni infection in children's playgrounds in Iran. Food Control 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2014.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Torralbo A, Borge C, García-Bocanegra I, Méric G, Perea A, Carbonero A. Higher resistance of Campylobacter coli compared to Campylobacter jejuni at chicken slaughterhouse. Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis 2015; 39:47-52. [PMID: 25770597 DOI: 10.1016/j.cimid.2015.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2014] [Revised: 02/21/2015] [Accepted: 02/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
In order to compare the prevalence of Campylobacter coli and Campylobacter jejuni during the processing of broilers at slaughterhouse a total of 848 samples were analyzed during 2012 in southern Spain. Four hundred and seventy six samples were collected from cloaca, carcass surfaces and quartered carcasses. Moreover, 372 environmental swabs from equipment and scalding water were collected. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) to ciprofloxacin, erythromycin, streptomycin, tetracycline and gentamicin was determined for isolates from chicken meat. The general prevalence of Campylobacter was 68.8% (40.2% of C. coli and 28.5% of C. jejuni). The relative prevalence of C. coli increased from loading dock area (41.5%) to packing area (64.6%). In contrast, the relative prevalence of C. jejuni decreased from 58.5% to 35.4%. These differences between species from initial to final area were significant (p=0.02). The highest antimicrobial resistance for C. jejuni and C. coli was detected to tetracycline (100%) and ciprofloxacin (100%), respectively. Campylobacter coli showed an antimicrobial resistance significantly higher than C. jejuni to streptomycin (p=0.002) and erythromycin (p<0.0001).
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicia Torralbo
- Department of Animal Health, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario ceiA3, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Carmen Borge
- Department of Animal Health, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario ceiA3, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Ignacio García-Bocanegra
- Department of Animal Health, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario ceiA3, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Guillaume Méric
- College of Medicine, Swansea University, Swansea SA2 8PP, United Kingdom
| | - Anselmo Perea
- Department of Animal Health, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario ceiA3, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Alfonso Carbonero
- Department of Animal Health, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario ceiA3, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain.
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Sarter S, Ho PH, To K. Current context of food safety in Vietnam: a glance at food of animal origin. QUALITY ASSURANCE AND SAFETY OF CROPS & FOODS 2015. [DOI: 10.3920/qas2014.x009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Sarter
- CIRAD, UMR Qualisud, Hanoi, Vietnam
- CIRAD, UMR Qualisud, 34398 Montpellier, France
| | - P.-H. Ho
- School of Biotechnology and Food Technology, Hanoi University of Science and Technology, 1 Dai Co Viet road, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - K.A. To
- School of Biotechnology and Food Technology, Hanoi University of Science and Technology, 1 Dai Co Viet road, Hanoi, Vietnam
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Carrique‐Mas JJ, Trung NV, Hoa NT, Mai HH, Thanh TH, Campbell JI, Wagenaar JA, Hardon A, Hieu TQ, Schultsz C. Antimicrobial Usage in Chicken Production in the Mekong Delta of Vietnam. Zoonoses Public Health 2014; 62 Suppl 1:70-8. [DOI: 10.1111/zph.12165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Juan J Carrique‐Mas
- Nuffield Department of Medicine Oxford University Clinical Research Unit Ho Chi Minh City Vietnam
| | - Nguyen V. Trung
- Nuffield Department of Medicine Oxford University Clinical Research Unit Ho Chi Minh City Vietnam
- Department of Medical Microbiology Academic Medical Center University of Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Ngo T. Hoa
- Nuffield Department of Medicine Oxford University Clinical Research Unit Ho Chi Minh City Vietnam
| | - Ho Huynh Mai
- Sub‐Department of Animal Health Ly Thuong Kiet Tien Giang Vietnam
| | - Tuyen H. Thanh
- Nuffield Department of Medicine Oxford University Clinical Research Unit Ho Chi Minh City Vietnam
| | - James I. Campbell
- Nuffield Department of Medicine Oxford University Clinical Research Unit Ho Chi Minh City Vietnam
| | - Jaap A. Wagenaar
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Utrecht University The Netherlands
| | - Anita Hardon
- Center for Social Science and Global Health University of Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Thai Quoc Hieu
- Sub‐Department of Animal Health Ly Thuong Kiet Tien Giang Vietnam
| | - Constance Schultsz
- Nuffield Department of Medicine Oxford University Clinical Research Unit Ho Chi Minh City Vietnam
- Department of Global Health ‐ Amsterdam Institute of Global Health and Development University of Amsterdam The Netherlands
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Bai Y, Cui S, Xu X, Li F. Enumeration and Characterization ofCampylobacterSpecies from Retail Chicken Carcasses in Beijing, China. Foodborne Pathog Dis 2014; 11:861-7. [DOI: 10.1089/fpd.2014.1785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yao Bai
- Key Lab of Food Safety Risk Assessment, Ministry of Health, China National Centre for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing, China
- National Institute for Nutrition and Food Safety, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Shenghui Cui
- National Institute for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao Xu
- National Institute for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, China
| | - Fengqin Li
- Key Lab of Food Safety Risk Assessment, Ministry of Health, China National Centre for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing, China
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Brioudes A, Warner J, Hedlefs R, Gummow B. A review of domestic animal diseases within the Pacific Islands region. Acta Trop 2014; 132:23-38. [PMID: 24388793 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2013.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2013] [Revised: 12/19/2013] [Accepted: 12/21/2013] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The Pacific Island countries and territories (PICTs) are reported to be free of the most serious infectious livestock diseases which are prevalent in other parts of the globe, such as Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza, Foot and Mouth Disease or Rabies. Yet there is a lack of scientifically based evidence to confirm this animal health status. This paper reviews what has been published on diseases of domestic animals in the Pacific Islands region with a particular focus on data from the last 20 years (1992-2012). Relevant published papers were identified by a computerized literature search of two electronic databases (PubMed and Web of Knowledge). The latest reports on the animal health situation submitted by the PICTs to the World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE) were accessed on the World Animal Health Information Database (WAHID) interface and included in this review. Additionally, paper searches of resources were undertaken at the library of the Secretariat of the Pacific Community (SPC) in Fiji to retrieve any relevant grey literature for this review. The study eligibility criteria included qualitative or quantitative information on any disease (bacterial, viral, parasitic and other health disorders) affecting domestic terrestrial animals (mammals, reptiles, birds and bees) in any of the 22 PICTs members of the SPC. A total of 158 eligible references were retrieved of which only 77 (48.7%) were published since 1992 and analysed in more details. One hundred and one diseases and pathogens were reported on for bee, bird, carabao, cat, cattle, crocodile, deer, dog, donkey, goat, horse, pig, pigeon, poultry and sheep in the Oceania region and in 17 PICTs in particular. The paper gives information about known animal diseases, their reported prevalence and diseases not reported within the Pacific Islands region. The study found retrieved literature on animal diseases in PICTs was scarce and no longer up to date. There is a need to improve the published knowledge on the current animal disease status in the region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurélie Brioudes
- School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Molecular Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville 4811, QLD, Australia.
| | - Jeffrey Warner
- School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Molecular Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville 4811, QLD, Australia
| | - Robert Hedlefs
- School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Molecular Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville 4811, QLD, Australia
| | - Bruce Gummow
- School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Molecular Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville 4811, QLD, Australia; Department of Production Animal Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
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Randrianirina F, Ratsima EH, Ramparany L, Randremanana R, Rakotonirina HC, Andriamanantena T, Rakotomanana F, Rajatonirina S, Richard V, Talarmin A. Antimicrobial resistance of bacterial enteropathogens isolated from stools in Madagascar. BMC Infect Dis 2014; 14:104. [PMID: 24568189 PMCID: PMC3937528 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2334-14-104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2013] [Accepted: 02/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Diarrheal diseases are a major public health problem in developing countries, and are one of the main causes of hospital admissions in Madagascar. The Pasteur Institute of Madagascar undertook a study to determine the prevalence and the pathogenicity of bacterial, viral and protozoal enteropathogens in diarrheal and non-diarrheal stools of children aged less than 5 years in Madagascar. We present here the results of the analysis of antimicrobial susceptibility of the bacteria isolated during this study. Methods The study was conducted in the community setting in 14 districts of Madagascar from October 2008 to May 2009. Conventional methods and PCR were used to identify the bacteria; antimicrobial susceptibility was determined using an agar diffusion method for enterobacteriaceae and MICs were measured by an agar dilution method for Campylobacter sp. In addition to the strains isolated during this study, Salmonella sp and Shigella sp isolated at the Pasteur Institute of Madagascar from 2005 to 2009 were included in the analysis to increase the power of the study. Results Twenty-nine strains of Salmonella sp, 35 strains of Shigella sp, 195 strains of diarrheagenic E. coli, 203 strains of C. jejuni and 71 strains of C. coli isolated in the community setting were tested for antibiotic resistance. Fifty-five strains of Salmonella sp and 129 strains of Shigella sp isolated from patients referred to the Pasteur Institute of Madagascar were also included in the study. Many E. coli and Shigella isolates (around 80%) but fewer Salmonella isolates were resistant to ampicillin and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole. A small proportion of strains of each species were resistant to ciprofloxacin and only 3% of E. coli strains presented a resistance to third generation cephalosporins due to the production of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases. The resistance of Campylobacter sp to ampicillin was the most prevalent, whereas less than 5% of isolates were resistant to each of the other antibiotics. Conclusion The highest prevalence of antimicrobial resistance was to ampicillin and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole. Antibiotic treatment is not recommended for children with diarrhea in Madagascar and the emphasis should be placed on oral rehydration.
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Nguyen KV, Thi Do NT, Chandna A, Nguyen TV, Pham CV, Doan PM, Nguyen AQ, Thi Nguyen CK, Larsson M, Escalante S, Olowokure B, Laxminarayan R, Gelband H, Horby P, Thi Ngo HB, Hoang MT, Farrar J, Hien TT, Wertheim HFL. Antibiotic use and resistance in emerging economies: a situation analysis for Viet Nam. BMC Public Health 2013; 13:1158. [PMID: 24325208 PMCID: PMC4116647 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2458-13-1158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2013] [Accepted: 11/22/2013] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Antimicrobial resistance is a major contemporary public health threat. Strategies to contain antimicrobial resistance have been comprehensively set forth, however in developing countries where the need for effective antimicrobials is greatest implementation has proved problematic. A better understanding of patterns and determinants of antibiotic use and resistance in emerging economies may permit more appropriately targeted interventions.Viet Nam, with a large population, high burden of infectious disease and relatively unrestricted access to medication, is an excellent case study of the difficulties faced by emerging economies in controlling antimicrobial resistance. METHODS Our working group conducted a situation analysis of the current patterns and determinants of antibiotic use and resistance in Viet Nam. International publications and local reports published between 1-1-1990 and 31-8-2012 were reviewed. All stakeholders analyzed the findings at a policy workshop and feasible recommendations were suggested to improve antibiotic use in Viet Nam.Here we report the results of our situation analysis focusing on: the healthcare system, drug regulation and supply; antibiotic resistance and infection control; and agricultural antibiotic use. RESULTS Market reforms have improved healthcare access in Viet Nam and contributed to better health outcomes. However, increased accessibility has been accompanied by injudicious antibiotic use in hospitals and the community, with predictable escalation in bacterial resistance. Prescribing practices are poor and self-medication is common - often being the most affordable way to access healthcare. Many policies exist to regulate antibiotic use but enforcement is insufficient or lacking.Pneumococcal penicillin-resistance rates are the highest in Asia and carbapenem-resistant bacteria (notably NDM-1) have recently emerged. Hospital acquired infections, predominantly with multi-drug resistant Gram-negative organisms, place additional strain on limited resources. Widespread agricultural antibiotic use further propagates antimicrobial resistance. CONCLUSIONS Future legislation regarding antibiotic access must alter incentives for purchasers and providers and ensure effective enforcement. The Ministry of Health recently initiated a national action plan and approved a multicenter health improvement project to strengthen national capacity for antimicrobial stewardship in Viet Nam. This analysis provided important input to these initiatives. Our methodologies and findings may be of use to others across the world tackling the growing threat of antibiotic resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Arjun Chandna
- Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Trung Vu Nguyen
- National Hospital of Tropical Diseases, Hanoi, Viet Nam
- Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Ca Van Pham
- National Hospital of Tropical Diseases, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | | | - An Quoc Nguyen
- Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Hellen Gelband
- World Health Organization, Country Office, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Peter Horby
- Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Hanoi, Viet Nam
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Centre for Tropical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Ha Bich Thi Ngo
- Medical Service Administration, Ministry of Health, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Mai Thanh Hoang
- Drug Administration of Viet Nam, Ministry of Health, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Jeremy Farrar
- Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Tran Tinh Hien
- Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Hanoi, Viet Nam
- Hospital of Tropical Diseases, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
| | - Heiman FL Wertheim
- Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Hanoi, Viet Nam
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Centre for Tropical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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Carrique-Mas JJ, Bryant JE. A review of foodborne bacterial and parasitic zoonoses in Vietnam. ECOHEALTH 2013; 10:465-89. [PMID: 24162798 PMCID: PMC3938847 DOI: 10.1007/s10393-013-0884-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2013] [Revised: 06/10/2013] [Accepted: 09/24/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Vietnam has experienced unprecedented economic and social development in recent years, and the livestock sector is undergoing significant transformations. Although food animal production is still dominated by small-scale 'backyard' enterprises with mixed crop-livestock or livestock-aquatic systems, there is a trend towards more intensive and vertically integrated operations. Changes in animal production, processing and distribution networks for meat and animal products, and the shift from wet markets to supermarkets will undoubtedly impact food safety risks in Vietnam in unforeseen and complex ways. Here, we review the available published literature on bacterial and parasitic foodborne zoonoses (FBZ) in Vietnam. We report on clinical disease burden and pathogen prevalence in animal reservoirs for a number of important FBZ, and outline opportunities for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan J Carrique-Mas
- Wellcome Trust Major Overseas Programme, Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Hospital for Tropical Diseases, 764 Vo Van Kiet, W.1, Dist.5, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam,
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An epidemiological investigation of Campylobacter in pig and poultry farms in the Mekong delta of Vietnam. Epidemiol Infect 2013; 142:1425-36. [PMID: 24067502 PMCID: PMC4045178 DOI: 10.1017/s0950268813002410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Campylobacter are zoonotic pathogens commonly associated with gastroenteritis. To assess the relevance of Campylobacter in Vietnam, an economically transitioning country in SE Asia, we conducted a survey of 343 pig and poultry farms in the Mekong delta, a region characterized by mixed species farming with limited biosecurity. The animal-level prevalence of Campylobacter was 31·9%, 23·9% and 53·7% for chickens, ducks and pigs, respectively. C. jejuni was predominant in all three host species, with the highest prevalence in pigs in high-density production areas. Campylobacter isolates demonstrated high levels of antimicrobial resistance (21% and 100% resistance against ciprofloxacin and erythromycin, respectively). Multilocus sequence type genotyping showed a high level of genetic diversity within C. jejuni, and predicted C. coli inter-species transmission. We suggest that on-going intensification of animal production systems, limited biosecurity, and increased urbanization in Vietnam is likely to result in Campylobacter becoming an increasingly significant cause of human diarrhoeal infections in coming years.
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Identification and antimicrobial resistance of Campylobacter species isolated from poultry meat in Khorasan province, Iran. Food Control 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2013.01.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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