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Ali MS, Lee EB, Quah Y, Sayem SAJ, Abbas MA, Suk K, Lee SJ, Park SC. Modulating effects of heat-killed and live Limosilactobacillus reuteri PSC102 on the immune response and gut microbiota of cyclophosphamide-treated rats. Vet Q 2024; 44:1-18. [PMID: 38682319 PMCID: PMC11060015 DOI: 10.1080/01652176.2024.2344765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
In the present study, we investigated the potential immunomodulatory effects of heat-killed (hLR) and live Limosilactobacillus reuteri PSC102 (LR; formerly Lactobacillus reuteri PSC102) in RAW264.7 macrophage cells and Sprague-Dawley rats. RAW264.7 murine macrophage cells were stimulated with hLR and LR for 24 h. Cyclophosphamide (CTX)-induced immunosuppressed Sprague-Dawley rats were orally administered with three doses of hLR (L-Low, M-Medium, and H-High) and LR for 3 weeks. The phagocytic capacity, production of nitric oxide (NO), and expression of cytokines in RAW264.7 cells were measured, and the different parameters of immunity in rats were determined. hLR and LR treatments promoted phagocytic activity and induced the production of NO and the expression of iNOS, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and Cox-2 in macrophage cells. In the in vivo experiment, hLR and LR treatments significantly increased the immune organ indices, alleviated the spleen injury, and ameliorated the number of white blood cells, granulocytes, lymphocytes, and mid-range absolute counts in immunosuppressive rats. hLR and LR increased neutrophil migration and phagocytosis, splenocyte proliferation, and T lymphocyte subsets (CD4+, CD8+, CD45RA+, and CD28+). The levels of immune factors (IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-12A, TNF-α, and IFN-γ) in the hLR and LR groups were upregulated compared with those in the CTX-treatment group. hLR and LR treatments could also modulate the gut microbiota composition, thereby increasing the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes but decreasing the level of Proteobacteria. hLR and LR protected against CTX-induced adverse reactions by modulating the immune response and gut microbiota composition. Therefore, they could be used as potential immunomodulatory agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Sekendar Ali
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics, Institute for Veterinary Biomedical Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
- Department of Biomedical Science and Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Brain Science and Engineering Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
- Department of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Chittagong, Kumira, Chittagong, Bangladesh
| | - Eon-Bee Lee
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics, Institute for Veterinary Biomedical Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Yixian Quah
- Developmental and Reproductive Toxicology Research Group, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Syed Al Jawad Sayem
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics, Institute for Veterinary Biomedical Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Muhammad Aleem Abbas
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics, Institute for Veterinary Biomedical Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Kyoungho Suk
- Department of Biomedical Science and Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Brain Science and Engineering Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Seung-Jin Lee
- Developmental and Reproductive Toxicology Research Group, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Seung-Chun Park
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics, Institute for Veterinary Biomedical Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
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Huang XD, Jiang DS, Feng X, Fang ZM. The benefits of oral glucose-lowering agents: GLP-1 receptor agonists, DPP-4 and SGLT-2 inhibitors on myocardial ischaemia/reperfusion injury. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 976:176698. [PMID: 38821168 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.176698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2024] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024]
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) is a life-threatening cardiovascular disease that, on average, results in 8.5 million deaths worldwide each year. Timely revascularization of occluded vessels is a critical method of myocardial salvage. However, reperfusion paradoxically leads to the worsening of myocardial damage known as myocardial ischaemia/reperfusion injury (MI/RI). Therefore, reducing the size of myocardial infarction after reperfusion is critical and remains an important therapeutic goal. The susceptibility of the myocardium to MI/RI may be increased by diabetes. Currently, some traditional antidiabetic agents such as metformin reduce MI/RI by decreasing inflammation, inhibiting oxidative stress, and improving vascular endothelial function. This appears to be a new direction for the treatment of MI/RI. Recent cardiovascular outcome trials have shown that several oral antidiabetic agents, including glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs), dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP-4is), and sodium-glucose-linked transporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT-2is), not only have good antidiabetic effects but also have a protective effect on myocardial protection. This article aims to discuss the mechanisms and effects of oral antidiabetic agents, including GLP-1RAs, DPP-4is, and SGLT-2is, on MI/RI to facilitate their clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu-Dong Huang
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Tianyou Hospital, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Ding-Sheng Jiang
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education, NHC Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xin Feng
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
| | - Ze-Min Fang
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Tianyou Hospital, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Key Laboratory of Vascular Aging, Ministry of Education, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
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Braga GDC, Simões JLB, Teixeira Dos Santos YJ, Filho JCM, Bagatini MD. The impacts of obesity in rheumatoid arthritis and insights into therapeutic purinergic modulation. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 136:112357. [PMID: 38810303 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune condition responsible for the impairment of synovia and joints, endangering the functionality of individuals and contributing to mortality. Currently, obesity is increasing worldwide, and recent studies have suggested an association between such condition and RA. In this sense, obese individuals present a lower capacity for achieving remission and present more intense symptoms of the disease, demonstrating a link between both disorders. Different studies aim to understand the possible connection between the conditions; however, few is known in this sense. Therefore, knowing that obesity can alter the activity of multiple body systems, this work's objective is to evaluate the main modifications caused by obesity, which can be linked to the pathophysiology of RA, highlighting as relevant topics obesity's negative impact triggering systemic inflammation, intestinal dysbiosis, endocrine disbalances. Furthermore, the relationship between oxidative stress and obesity also deserves to be highlighted, considering the influence of reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation in RA exacerbation. Additionally, many of those characteristics influenced by obesity, along with the classic peculiarities of RA pathophysiology, can also be associated with purinergic signaling. Hence, this work suggests possible connections between the purinergic system and RA, proposing potential therapeutic targets against RA to be studied.
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Nazari M, Nikbaf-Shandiz M, Pashayee-Khamene F, Bagheri R, Goudarzi K, Hosseinnia NV, Dolatshahi S, Omran HS, Amirani N, Ashtary-Larky D, Asbaghi O, Ghanavati M. Zinc Supplementation in Individuals with Prediabetes and type 2 Diabetes: a GRADE-Assessed Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-analysis. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024; 202:2966-2990. [PMID: 37870684 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-023-03895-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
Zinc supplementation has therapeutic effects on cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors, including dyslipidemia, hyperglycemia, and inflammation as the main contributors to CVD pathogenesis. Since CVD is a major cause of mortality among people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), this study aimed to overview the potential effects of zinc supplementation on CVD risk factors in T2DM patients. To determine appropriate randomized clinical trials (RCTs) investigating the effects of zinc supplementation on CVD risk factors, electronic sources including PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus were systematically searched until January 2023. The heterogeneity of trials was checked using the I2 statistic. According to the heterogeneity tests, random-effects models were estimated, and pooled data were defined as the weighted mean difference (WMD) with a 95% confidence interval (CI). Of the 4004 initial records, 23 studies that met inclusion criteria were analyzed in this meta-analysis. The pooled findings indicated the significant lowering effects of zinc supplementation on triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), fasting blood glucose (FBG), hemoglobin A1C (HbA1C), and C-reactive protein (CRP), while high-density cholesterol (HDL) concentrations showed an elevation after zinc supplementation. In addition to statistical significance, the effect of zinc supplementation on most of the variables was clinically significant; however, the quality of evidence in the included studies is regarded as low or very low for most variables. Our study demonstrated that zinc supplementation has beneficial effects on glycemic control markers, lipid profile, and CRP levels as a classic marker of inflammation in T2DM. Due to the high degree of heterogeneity between studies and the low rate of quality in them, further well-designed studies are necessitated to strengthen our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matin Nazari
- Department of Nutrition, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | | | - Reza Bagheri
- Department of Exercise Physiology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Kian Goudarzi
- Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Navid Vahid Hosseinnia
- Sport Management Department, Human Science Faculty, South Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sina Dolatshahi
- Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Salehi Omran
- Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Niusha Amirani
- Faculty of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Damoon Ashtary-Larky
- Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Omid Asbaghi
- Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Student Research Committee, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Matin Ghanavati
- National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute (Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Luciani L, Pedrelli M, Parini P. Modification of lipoprotein metabolism and function driving atherogenesis in diabetes. Atherosclerosis 2024; 394:117545. [PMID: 38688749 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2024.117545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disease, characterized by raised blood glucose levels and impaired lipid metabolism resulting from insulin resistance and relative insulin deficiency. In diabetes, the peculiar plasma lipoprotein phenotype, consisting in higher levels of apolipoprotein B-containing lipoproteins, hypertriglyceridemia, low levels of HDL cholesterol, elevated number of small, dense LDL, and increased non-HDL cholesterol, results from an increased synthesis and impaired clearance of triglyceride rich lipoproteins. This condition accelerates the development of the atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD), the most common cause of death in T2DM patients. Here, we review the alteration of structure, functions, and distribution of circulating lipoproteins and the pathophysiological mechanisms that induce these modifications in T2DM. The review analyzes the influence of diabetes-associated metabolic imbalances throughout the entire process of the atherosclerotic plaque formation, from lipoprotein synthesis to potential plaque destabilization. Addressing the different pathophysiological mechanisms, we suggest improved approaches for assessing the risk of adverse cardiovascular events and clinical strategies to reduce cardiovascular risk in T2DM and cardiometabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Luciani
- Cardio Metabolic Unit, Department of Laboratory Medicine, and Department of Medicine at Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Interdisciplinary Center for Health Sciences, Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies, Pisa, Italy
| | - Matteo Pedrelli
- Cardio Metabolic Unit, Department of Laboratory Medicine, and Department of Medicine at Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Medicine Unit of Endocrinology, Theme Inflammation and Ageing, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Paolo Parini
- Cardio Metabolic Unit, Department of Laboratory Medicine, and Department of Medicine at Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Medicine Unit of Endocrinology, Theme Inflammation and Ageing, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
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Zhang P, Zheng J, Han T, Ma J, Gnanashanmugam D, Li M, Tang YW, Deng G. A blood-based 3-gene signature score for therapeutic monitoring in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. Tuberculosis (Edinb) 2024; 147:102521. [PMID: 38801793 DOI: 10.1016/j.tube.2024.102521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2024] [Revised: 05/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the validity of Xpert Tuberculosis Fingerstick score for monitoring treatment response and analyze factors influencing its performance. METHODS 122 adults with pulmonary tuberculosis were recruited and stratified into three cohorts: Diabetic-drug-susceptible-TB (DM-TB), Non-diabetic-drug-susceptible-TB (NDM-TB) and Non-diabetic Multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB). Fingerstick blood specimens were tested at treatment initiation (M0) and the end of the first (M1), second (M2), and sixth month (M6) to generate a TB-score. RESULTS The TB-score in all participants yielded an AUC of 0.707 (95% CI: 0.579-0.834) at M2 when its performance was evaluated against sputum culture conversion. In all non-diabetes patients, the AUC reached 0.88 (95% CI: 0.756-1.000) with an optimal cut-off value of 1.95 at which sensitivity was 90.0% (95% CI: 59.6-98.2%) and specificity was 81.3% (95% CI: 70.0-88.9%). The mean TB score was higher in patients with low bacterial loads (n = 31) than those with high bacterial loads (n = 91) at M0, M1, M2, and M6, and was higher in non-cavitary patients (n = 71) than those with cavitary lesions (n = 51) at M0, M1, and M2. CONCLUSION Xpert TB-score shows promising predictive value for culture conversion in non-diabetic TB patients. Sputum bacterial load and lung cavitation status have an influence on the value of TB score.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peize Zhang
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Tuberculosis, The Third People's Hospital of Shenzhen, China.
| | - Junfeng Zheng
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Tuberculosis, The Third People's Hospital of Shenzhen, China.
| | - Tingting Han
- Guangdong Medical University, The First Clinical Medical College, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China.
| | - Jian Ma
- Medical Affairs, Danaher Corporation/Cepheid (China), Shanghai, China.
| | | | - Mengran Li
- Department of Biostatistics & Data Management, Beckman Coulter, Shanghai, China.
| | - Yi-Wei Tang
- Medical Affairs, Danaher Corporation/Cepheid (China), Shanghai, China.
| | - Guofang Deng
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Tuberculosis, The Third People's Hospital of Shenzhen, China.
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Hall R, Suarez S, Majumdar M, Lee I, Zacharias N, Gee D, Dua A. Thromboelastography with Platelet Mapping Identifies High Platelet Reactivity is Associated with Obesity, Diabetes, and Thrombotic Events. Ann Vasc Surg 2024; 104:227-236. [PMID: 38490537 DOI: 10.1016/j.avsg.2023.12.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metabolic comorbidities such as diabetes and obesity are considered pro-inflammatory states which theoretically increase the risk of perioperative thrombotic events across many surgical disciplines. Currently, there is a paucity of objective metrics to determine such risk and ideal pharmacologic targets. Thromboelastography with Platelet Mapping (TEG-PM) provides a comprehensive profile of coagulation and may provide insight into clot dysregulation. METHODS Patients undergoing lower extremity revascularization underwent serial TEG-PM analysis. The relationship between the TEG-PM metrics and thrombosis was evaluated. Preoperative TEG-PM samples of patients with body mass index (BMI)≥25 were compared to those of patients with a normal BMI, and between patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) and those without. RESULTS 218 TEG-PM samples from 202 patients were analyzed. The BMI≥25 cohort showed significantly greater platelet aggregation [81.9% (±20.9) vs. 68.6% (±27.7), P < 0.01]. Patients with DM were more frequently on full-dose anticoagulation [47.7% vs. 29.7% P = 0.01] yet demonstrated increased clot strength, or adenosine diphosphate (ADP)-Maximum Clot Amplitude (MA) [49.1 (±16.1) vs. 41.5 (±17.1) and 37.7 (±19.6) vs. 31.6 (±17.4) P < 0.01]. 49 patients experienced thrombosis and exhibited greater platelet aggregation [76.6% (±17.8) vs. 66.8% (±30.4) P = 0.03] and greater ADP/arachidonic acid MA [47.1 (±16.6) vs. 41.9 (±18.8) and 38.2 (±17.8) vs. 32.5 (±19.9) both P = 0.05]. Patients who thrombosed were more often diabetic [69.5% versus 51.0% P = 0.03] and on full-dose anticoagulation [75.0% vs. 56.8% P = 0.02]. CONCLUSIONS Patients with a BMI≥ 25 and those with diabetes demonstrated TEG-PM profiles similar to patients with thrombosis. Diabetes was independently associated with thrombosis, and full-dose anticoagulation was not protective. This suggests the potential utility of TEG-PM for thrombotic risk stratification based on metabolic factors and suggests antiplatelet agents may be effective at prevention of thrombotic events in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Hall
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA.
| | - Sasha Suarez
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Monica Majumdar
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Ivy Lee
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Nikolaos Zacharias
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Denise Gee
- Division of Minimally Invasive Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Anahita Dua
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
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Fischer AM, Lechea N, Coxson HO. This Is What Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease Looks Like: Potential of a Multiparametric MRI Protocol. Semin Liver Dis 2024. [PMID: 38806158 DOI: 10.1055/a-2334-8525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is a prevalent condition with a broad spectrum defined by liver biopsy. This gold standard method evaluates three features: steatosis, activity (ballooning and lobular inflammation), and fibrosis, attributing them to certain grades or stages using a semiquantitative scoring system. However, liver biopsy is subject to numerous restrictions, creating an unmet need for a reliable and reproducible method for MASLD assessment, grading, and staging. Noninvasive imaging modalities, such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), offer the potential to assess quantitative liver parameters. This review aims to provide an overview of the available MRI techniques for the three criteria evaluated individually by liver histology. Here, we discuss the possibility of combining multiple MRI parameters to replace liver biopsy with a holistic, multiparametric MRI protocol. In conclusion, the development and implementation of such an approach could significantly improve the diagnosis and management of MASLD, reducing the need for invasive procedures and paving the way for more personalized treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja M Fischer
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Biberach, Germany
| | - Nazim Lechea
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Biberach, Germany
| | - Harvey O Coxson
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Biberach, Germany
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Mitra A, Das A, Ghosh S, Sarkar S, Bandyopadhyay D, Gangopadhyay S, Chattopadhyay S. Metformin instigates cellular autophagy to ameliorate high-fat diet-induced pancreatic inflammation and fibrosis/EMT in mice. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2024; 1870:167313. [PMID: 38901652 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2024.167313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Revised: 06/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic pancreatic dysfunction is frequently observed as a consequence of prolonged high-fat diet consumption and is a serious public health concern. This pro-diabetic insult aggravates inflammation-influenced fibrotic lesions and is associated with deregulated autophagy. Metformin, a conventional anti-hyperglycemic drug, might be beneficial for pancreatic health, but the complex molecular regulations are not clarified. Considering the worldwide prevalence of chronic pancreatic dysfunction in obese individuals, we aimed to unwind the molecular intricacies explaining the involvement of oxidative stress, inflammation and fibrosis and to approbate metformin as a plausible intervention in this crossroad. MAIN METHODS Age-matched Swiss Albino mice were exposed to high-fat diet (60 kcal%) against control diet (10 kcal%) to establish diet-induced stress model. Metformin treatment was introduced after 4 weeks to metformin-control and HFD-exposed metformin groups. After 8 weeks, metabolic and molecular outcomes were assessed to establish the impact of metformin on chronic consequences of HFD-mediated injury. KEY FINDINGS High-fat diet administration to healthy mice primes oxidative stress-mediated chronic inflammation through Nrf2/Keap1/NF-κB interplay. Besides, pro-inflammatory cytokine bias leading to fibrotic (increased TGF-β, α-SMA, and MMP9) and pro-EMT (Twist1, Slug, Vimentin, E-cadherin) repercussions in pancreatic lobules were evident. Metformin distinctly rescues high-fat diet-induced remodeling of pancreatic pro-diabetic alterations and cellular survival/death switch. Further, metformin abrogates the p62-Twist1 crosstalk in an autophagy-dependent manner (elevated beclin1, LC3-II/I, Lamp2) to restore pancreatic homeostasis. CONCLUSION Our research validates the therapeutic potential of metformin in the inflammation-fibrosis nexus to ameliorate high-fat diet-induced pancreatic dysfunction and related metabolic alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankan Mitra
- Department of Physiology, University College of Science, Technology and Agriculture, University of Calcutta, 92, APC Road, Kolkata 700009, West Bengal, India
| | - Ankur Das
- Department of Physiology, University College of Science, Technology and Agriculture, University of Calcutta, 92, APC Road, Kolkata 700009, West Bengal, India
| | - Sourav Ghosh
- Department of Physiology, University College of Science, Technology and Agriculture, University of Calcutta, 92, APC Road, Kolkata 700009, West Bengal, India
| | - Swaimanti Sarkar
- Department of Physiology, University College of Science, Technology and Agriculture, University of Calcutta, 92, APC Road, Kolkata 700009, West Bengal, India
| | - Debasish Bandyopadhyay
- Department of Physiology, University College of Science, Technology and Agriculture, University of Calcutta, 92, APC Road, Kolkata 700009, West Bengal, India
| | - Somnath Gangopadhyay
- Department of Physiology, University College of Science, Technology and Agriculture, University of Calcutta, 92, APC Road, Kolkata 700009, West Bengal, India
| | - Sreya Chattopadhyay
- Department of Physiology, University College of Science, Technology and Agriculture, University of Calcutta, 92, APC Road, Kolkata 700009, West Bengal, India; Centre for Research in Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata 700098, West Bengal, India.
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Rodrigues MEDS, Bolen ML, Blackmer-Raynolds L, Schwartz N, Chang J, Tansey MG, Sampson TR. Diet-induced metabolic and immune impairments are sex-specifically modulated by soluble TNF signaling in the 5xFAD mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. Neurobiol Dis 2024; 196:106511. [PMID: 38670277 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2024.106511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence indicates that high-fat, high carbohydrate diet (HFHC) impacts central pathological features of Alzheimer's disease (AD) across both human incidences and animal models. However, the mechanisms underlying this association are poorly understood. Here, we identify compartment-specific metabolic and inflammatory dysregulations that are induced by HFHC diet in the 5xFAD mouse model of AD pathology. We observe that both male and female 5xFAD mice display exacerbated adiposity, cholesterolemia, and dysregulated insulin signaling. Independent of biological sex, HFHC diet also resulted in altered inflammatory cytokine profiles across the gastrointestinal, circulating, and central nervous systems (CNS) compartments demonstrating region-specific impacts of metabolic inflammation. Interestingly, inhibiting the inflammatory cytokine, soluble tumor necrosis factor (TNF) with the brain-permeant soluble TNF inhibitor XPro1595 was able to restore aspects of HFHC-induced metabolic inflammation, but only in male mice. Targeted transcriptomics of CNS regions revealed that inhibition of soluble TNF was sufficient to alter expression of hippocampal and cortical genes associated with beneficial immune and metabolic responses. Collectively, these results suggest that HFHC diet impairs metabolic and inflammatory pathways in an AD-relevant genotype and that soluble TNF has sex-dependent roles in modulating these pathways across anatomical compartments. Modulation of energy homeostasis and inflammation may provide new therapeutic avenues for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - MacKenzie L Bolen
- Department of Neuroscience and Center for Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Disease, The University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | | | - Noah Schwartz
- Department of Cell Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Jianjun Chang
- Department of Cell Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Malú Gámez Tansey
- Department of Neuroscience and Center for Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Disease, The University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA; Norman Fixel Institute for Neurological Diseases, University of Florida Health, Gainesville, FL, USA.
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Parker KG, Windham BG, Blackshear C, Walker KA, Parker SB, Hoogeveen RC, Ballantyne CM, Kucharska-Newton A, Palta P, Selvin E, Vassilaki M, Mosley TH, Griswold ME. Associations of mid-to-late-life inflammation with late-life mobility and the influences of chronic comorbidities, race, and social determinants of health: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study. J Am Geriatr Soc 2024. [PMID: 38863338 DOI: 10.1111/jgs.18978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Relationships of midlife inflammation with late-life mobility and influences of chronic health conditions, race, and social determinants of health (SDoH) on these relationships are poorly understood. METHODS Among 4758 community-dwelling participants (41% men, 20% Black), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) was measured over 20+ years: in midlife at study visit 2 (V2: 1990-1992, 47-68 years); at V4 (1996-1998, 53-74 years); and with concurrent late-life 4-m gait speed at V5 (2011-2013, 67-88 years, mean 75 years). SDoH measures included race, the national-rank area deprivation index, education, and income. We examined associations of late-life gait speed with midlife hsCRP (V2 continuous and clinically high ≥3 mg/L), with 20-year hsCRP history from midlife (V2-V5 average continuous hsCRP and clinically high ≥3 mg/L) and with inflammation accumulation (visits and years with high hsCRP). Regression models adjusted for demographic, cardiovascular, and SDoH measures; effect modification by the presence of other common chronic conditions (obesity, diabetes, hypertension) and race were examined, with and without accounting for SDoH. RESULTS High midlife hsCRP was associated with slower late-life gait speed, even among those without chronic conditions in midlife: -4.6 cm/s (95% CI: -6.4, -2.8). Importantly, sustained high hsCRP was associated with a 20-year slowing of -10.0 cm/s (-14.9, -5.1) among those who never experienced obesity, diabetes, or hypertension over the 20-year period. Associations were similar between Black participants, -3.8 cm/s (-6.9, -0.7) and White participants -3.3 (-4.5, -2.2) per interquartile range of midlife hsCRP; effect modifications by chronic conditions and race were unsupported throughout. Results were robust to accounting for SDoH or otherwise; however, worse SDoH was associated with higher inflammation and slower gait speed in both Black and White participants. CONCLUSIONS Inflammation in midlife may contribute to clinically meaningful late-life slowing of gait speed, even among otherwise healthy-appearing adults and regardless of race and socioeconomic disadvantage. Regular monitoring and interventions for inflammation may be warranted from midlife.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirby G Parker
- Department of Radiology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, USA
| | - B Gwen Windham
- MIND Center, Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, USA
| | - Chad Blackshear
- MIND Center, Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, USA
| | - Keenan A Walker
- Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Sara B Parker
- Department of Surgery, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, USA
| | - Ron C Hoogeveen
- Department of Medicine, Section of Cardiovascular Research, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Christie M Ballantyne
- Department of Medicine, Section of Cardiovascular Research, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Anna Kucharska-Newton
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Priya Palta
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Elizabeth Selvin
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Maria Vassilaki
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Division of Epidemiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Thomas H Mosley
- MIND Center, Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, USA
| | - Michael E Griswold
- MIND Center, Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, USA
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12
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Jia W, Ouyang Y, Zhang S, Zhang P, Huang S. Nanopore Identification of L-, D-Lactic Acids, D-Glucose and Gluconic Acid in the Serum of Human and Animals. SMALL METHODS 2024:e2400664. [PMID: 38864527 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202400664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
DL-Lactic acid and D-glucose are important human health indicators. Their aberrant levels in body fluids may indicate a variety of human pathological conditions, suggesting an urgent need of daily monitoring. However, simultaneous and rapid analysis of DL-lactic acid and D-glucose using a sole but simple sensing system has never been reported. Here, an engineered Mycobacterium smegmatis porin A (MspA) nanopore is used to simultaneously identify DL-lactic acid and D-glucose. Highly distinguishable nanopore event features are reported. Assisted with a custom machine learning algorithm, direct identification of DL-lactic acid and D-glucose is performed with human serum, demonstrating its sensing reliability against complex and heterogeneous samples. This sensing strategy is further applied in the analysis of different animal serum samples, according to which gluconic acid is further identified. The serum samples from different animals report distinguishable levels of DL-lactic acid, D-glucose and gluconic acid, suggesting its potential applications in agricultural science and breeding industry. This sensing strategy is generally direct, rapid, economic and requires only ≈µL of input serum, suitable for point of care testing (POCT) applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wendong Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Sciences, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
- Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yusheng Ouyang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Sciences, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
- Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Shanyu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Sciences, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
- Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Panke Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Sciences, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Shuo Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Sciences, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
- Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
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13
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Baytaroğlu İMU, Baytaroğlu A, Toros MU, Daldal H. Incidence of diabetic retinopathy in anti-tnf treated rheumatic disease patients with type 2 diabetes. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2024:10.1007/s00417-024-06529-3. [PMID: 38842591 DOI: 10.1007/s00417-024-06529-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to evaluate the impact of anti-TNF (biological) therapies on the incidence and progression of diabetic retinopathy. MATERIALS AND METHODS A cross-sectional analysis of 50 diabetic patients with rheumatic diseases (group 1) was performed. An age-, sex-, and HbA1c-matched control group (group 2) was formed from a pool of diabetic patients who underwent regular eye examinations. The presence or absence of diabetic retinopathy was also assessed. Comorbidities such as hypertension, coronary artery disease, and hyperlipidemia were also evaluated as possible confounding factors. RESULTS Hundred eyes of 50 patients were evaluated in each group. Only three patients in group 1 had non-proliferative retinopathy. The median duration of rheumatic disease was 9 years, whereas that of diabetes was 11 years. The mean duration of anti-TNF therapy was 4 years. In the control group of diabetes-only patients, 13 patients developed some form of newly diagnosed diabetic retinopathy during the last five years. The calculated retinopathy occurrence between the groups was statistically significant (p < 0.05). In this study, the incidence rate ratio for patients receiving anti-TNF treatment was calculated as 0.4 in the study. CONCLUSION TNF inhibitors, with their anti-inflammatory effects, positively impact diabetic complications by reducing the incidence of retinopathy. To our knowledge, this is the first study to evaluate retinopathy development after anti-TNF therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ata Baytaroğlu
- Ophthalmology Department, Uşak Training and Research Hospital, Uşak, Turkey
| | - Merve Uçar Toros
- Endocrinology Department, Uşak Training and Research Hospital, Uşak, Turkey
| | - Hatice Daldal
- Ophthalmology Department, Uşak Training and Research Hospital, Uşak, Turkey
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14
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Kettunen S, Suoranta T, Beikverdi S, Heikkilä M, Slita A, Räty I, Ylä-Herttuala E, Öörni K, Ruotsalainen AK, Ylä-Herttuala S. Deletion of the Murine Ortholog of the Human 9p21.3 Locus Leads to Insulin Resistance and Obesity in Hypercholesterolemic Mice. Cells 2024; 13:983. [PMID: 38891115 PMCID: PMC11171903 DOI: 10.3390/cells13110983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
The 9p21.3 genomic locus is a hot spot for disease-associated single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), and its strongest associations are with coronary artery disease (CAD). The disease-associated SNPs are located within the sequence of a long noncoding RNA ANRIL, which potentially contributes to atherogenesis by regulating vascular cell stress and proliferation, but also affects pancreatic β-cell proliferation. Altered expression of a neighboring gene, CDKN2B, has been also recognized to correlate with obesity and hepatic steatosis in people carrying the risk SNPs. In the present study, we investigated the impact of 9p21.3 on obesity accompanied by hyperlipidemia in mice carrying a deletion of the murine ortholog for the 9p21.3 (Chr4Δ70/Δ70) risk locus in hyperlipidemic Ldlr-/-ApoB100/100 background. The Chr4Δ70/Δ70 mice showed decreased mRNA expression of insulin receptors in white adipose tissue already at a young age, which developed into insulin resistance and obesity by aging. In addition, the Sirt1-Ppargc1a-Ucp2 pathway was downregulated together with the expression of Cdkn2b, specifically in the white adipose tissue in Chr4Δ70/Δ70 mice. These results suggest that the 9p21.3 locus, ANRIL lncRNA, and their murine orthologues may regulate the key energy metabolism pathways in a white adipose tissue-specific manner in the presence of hypercholesterolemia, thus contributing to the pathogenesis of metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanna Kettunen
- A.I. Virtanen Institute, University of Eastern Finland, 70210 Kuopio, Finland; (S.K.); (T.S.); (S.B.); (M.H.); (A.S.); (I.R.); (E.Y.-H.); (S.Y.-H.)
| | - Tuisku Suoranta
- A.I. Virtanen Institute, University of Eastern Finland, 70210 Kuopio, Finland; (S.K.); (T.S.); (S.B.); (M.H.); (A.S.); (I.R.); (E.Y.-H.); (S.Y.-H.)
| | - Sadegh Beikverdi
- A.I. Virtanen Institute, University of Eastern Finland, 70210 Kuopio, Finland; (S.K.); (T.S.); (S.B.); (M.H.); (A.S.); (I.R.); (E.Y.-H.); (S.Y.-H.)
| | - Minja Heikkilä
- A.I. Virtanen Institute, University of Eastern Finland, 70210 Kuopio, Finland; (S.K.); (T.S.); (S.B.); (M.H.); (A.S.); (I.R.); (E.Y.-H.); (S.Y.-H.)
| | - Anna Slita
- A.I. Virtanen Institute, University of Eastern Finland, 70210 Kuopio, Finland; (S.K.); (T.S.); (S.B.); (M.H.); (A.S.); (I.R.); (E.Y.-H.); (S.Y.-H.)
| | - Iida Räty
- A.I. Virtanen Institute, University of Eastern Finland, 70210 Kuopio, Finland; (S.K.); (T.S.); (S.B.); (M.H.); (A.S.); (I.R.); (E.Y.-H.); (S.Y.-H.)
| | - Elias Ylä-Herttuala
- A.I. Virtanen Institute, University of Eastern Finland, 70210 Kuopio, Finland; (S.K.); (T.S.); (S.B.); (M.H.); (A.S.); (I.R.); (E.Y.-H.); (S.Y.-H.)
- Imaging Center, Kuopio University Hospital, 70200 Kuopio, Finland
| | | | - Anna-Kaisa Ruotsalainen
- A.I. Virtanen Institute, University of Eastern Finland, 70210 Kuopio, Finland; (S.K.); (T.S.); (S.B.); (M.H.); (A.S.); (I.R.); (E.Y.-H.); (S.Y.-H.)
| | - Seppo Ylä-Herttuala
- A.I. Virtanen Institute, University of Eastern Finland, 70210 Kuopio, Finland; (S.K.); (T.S.); (S.B.); (M.H.); (A.S.); (I.R.); (E.Y.-H.); (S.Y.-H.)
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15
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Guo H, Wan C, Zhu J, Jiang X, Li S. Association of systemic immune-inflammation index with insulin resistance and prediabetes: a cross-sectional study. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1377792. [PMID: 38904046 PMCID: PMC11188308 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1377792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and Objective Previous research suggested a relationship between the Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index (SII) and multiple adverse health conditions. However, the role of SII in prediabetes and insulin resistance (IR) remains poorly understood. Therefore, this study aims to explore the potential relationship between SII and prediabetes and IR, providing data support for effective diabetes prevention by reducing systemic inflammation. Methods Linear regression models were used to assess the correlation between continuous SII and risk markers for type 2 diabetes (T2D). Subsequently, multivariate logistic regression models and subgroup analyses were employed to evaluate the association between SII tertiles and prediabetes and IR, controlling for various confounding factors. Finally, restricted cubic spline graphs were used to analyze the nonlinear relationship between SII and IR and prediabetes. Results After controlling for multiple potential confounders, SII was positively correlated with fasting blood glucose (FBG) (β: 0.100; 95% CI: 0.040 to 0.160), fasting serum insulin (FSI) (β: 1.042; 95% CI: 0.200 to 1.885), and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) (β: 0.273; 95% CI: 0.022 to 0.523). Compared to participants with lower SII, those in the highest tertile had increased odds of prediabetes (OR: 1.17; 95% CI: 1.02-1.34; p for trend < 0.05) and IR (OR: 1.35; 95% CI: 1.18 to 1.51; p for trend<0.001). Conclusions Our study results demonstrate an elevated association between SII levels and both IR and prediabetes, indicating SII as a straightforward and cost-effective method identifying individuals with IR and prediabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Guo
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Chuan Wan
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jingjing Zhu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiuxing Jiang
- Frontier Medical Training Brigade, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Xinjiang, China
| | - Shufa Li
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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16
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Chen Y, Wei Y, Tang W. The role of hydrogen in the prevention and treatment of coronary atherosclerotic heart disease. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 972:176586. [PMID: 38615891 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.176586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2023] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Coronary atherosclerotic heart disease (CHD) is a primary cardiovascular disease caused by atherosclerosis (AS), which is characterized by chronic inflammation and lipid oxidative deposition. Molecular hydrogen (H2) is an effective anti-inflammatory agent and has potential to ameliorate glycolipid metabolism disorders, which is believed to exert beneficial effects on the prevention and treatment of CHD. It is suggested that H2 reduces inflammation in CHD by regulating multiple pathways, including NF-κB inflammatory pathway, pyroptosis, mitophagy, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, and Nrf2 antioxidant pathway. Additionally, H2 may improve glycolipid metabolism by mediation of PI3K and AMPK signalling pathways, contributing to inhibition of the occurrence and development of CHD. This review elaborates pathogenesis of CHD and evaluates the role of H2 in CHD. Moreover, possible molecular mechanisms have been discussed and speculated, aiming to provide more strategies and directions for subsequent studies of H2 in CHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunxi Chen
- Research Institute of Heart Failure, Research Center for Translational Medicine & Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias of the Ministry of Education of China, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 150 Jimo Road, Shanghai, 200120, PR China
| | - Youzhen Wei
- Hydrogen Medicine Center, The Affiliated Taian City Central Hospital of Qingdao University, Taian, Shandong, 271000, PR China; Research Center for Translational Medicine, Jinan People's Hospital, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 271100, PR China.
| | - Wenjie Tang
- Research Institute of Heart Failure, Research Center for Translational Medicine & Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias of the Ministry of Education of China, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 150 Jimo Road, Shanghai, 200120, PR China; Research Institute of Regenerative Medicine, East Hospital, Tongji University, 1800 Yuntai Road, Shanghai, 200123, PR China.
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17
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Li J, Yan N, Li X, He S. Association between serum vitamin D concentration and liver fibrosis in diabetes mellitus patients: a cross-sectional study from the NHANES database. Acta Diabetol 2024:10.1007/s00592-024-02292-3. [PMID: 38831202 DOI: 10.1007/s00592-024-02292-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
AIM Liver fibrosis (LF) is a common complication of diabetes mellitus (DM). Studies have found that vitamin D (VD), as a modifiable factor has been reported to be associated with LF. The relationship between serum VD concentration and LF in DM patients has rarely been reported. The aim of this study was to assess the association between serum VD concentration and LF in DM patients. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, data of DM patients aged ≥ 45 years were extracted from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES 2017-2018). Serum VD concentration was measured by high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS). Vibration controlled transient elastography (VCTE) was used to measure liver stiffness. Covariates included sociodemographic information, lifestyles, laboratory data, diseases history were extracted from the database. The weighted univariable and multivariable logistic regression models were utilized to explore the association between serum VD concentration and LF in DM patients, and were described as odds ratio (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Subgroup analyses based on BMI, liver steatosis, hypertension and dyslipidemia were further assessed the association. RESULTS A total of 799 patients were included, of which 188 (23.53%) had LF. Higher serum VD concentration was associated with the lower odds of LF (OR = 0.33, 95% CI 0.19-0.59) and advanced LF (OR = 0.31, 95% CI 0.17-0.55) in DM patients after adjustment for race, liver steatosis, BMI, smoking, drinking, AST, ALT and physical activity, especially in patients with liver steatosis (OR = 0.28, 95% CI 0.13-0.59) and dyslipidemia (OR = 0.31, 95% CI 0.14-0.66), respectively. CONCLUSIONS High serum VD concentration may have a potential benefit for maintain the liver health in DM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- Department of Endocrinology Diabetes, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, No. 256 Youyi West Road, Beilin District, Xi'an, 710068, China
| | - Ni Yan
- Department of Endocrinology Diabetes, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, No. 256 Youyi West Road, Beilin District, Xi'an, 710068, China
| | - Xiaofeng Li
- Department of Endocrinology Diabetes, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, No. 256 Youyi West Road, Beilin District, Xi'an, 710068, China
| | - Shenglin He
- Department of Endocrinology Diabetes, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, No. 256 Youyi West Road, Beilin District, Xi'an, 710068, China.
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18
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Huang LY, Ge YJ, Fu Y, Zhao YL, Ou YN, Zhang Y, Ma LZ, Chen SD, Guo ZX, Feng JF, Cheng W, Tan L, Yu JT. Identifying modifiable factors and their joint effect on brain health: an exposome-wide association study. GeroScience 2024:10.1007/s11357-024-01224-x. [PMID: 38822946 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-024-01224-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Considerable uncertainty remains regarding the associations of multiple factors with brain health. We aimed to conduct an exposome-wide association study on neurodegenerative disease and neuropsychiatry disorders using data of participants from the UK Biobank. Multivariable Cox regression models with the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator technique as well as principal component analyses were used to evaluate the exposures in relation to common disorders of central nervous system (CNS). Restricted cubic splines were conducted to explore potential nonlinear correlations. Then, weighted standardized scores were generated based on the coefficients to calculate the joint effects of risk factors. We also estimated the potential impact of eliminating the unfavorable profiles of risk domains on CNS disorders using population attributable fraction (PAF). Finally, sensitivity analyses were performed to reduce the risk of reverse causality. The current study discovered the significantly associated exposures fell into six primary exposome categories. The joint effects of identified risk factors demonstrated higher risks for common disorders of CNS (HR = 1.278 ~ 3.743, p < 2e-16). The PAF varied by exposome categories, with lifestyle and medical history contributing to majority of disease cases. In total, we estimated that up to 3.7 ~ 64.1% of disease cases could be prevented.This study yielded modifiable variables of different categories and assessed their joint effects on common disorders of CNS. Targeting the identified exposures might help formulate effective strategies for maintaining brain health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang-Yu Huang
- Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yi-Jun Ge
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontier Center for Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Fu
- Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yong-Li Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Ya-Nan Ou
- Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontier Center for Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ling-Zhi Ma
- Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Shi-Dong Chen
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontier Center for Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ze-Xin Guo
- Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jian-Feng Feng
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Computational Neuroscience and Brain-Inspired Intelligence (Fudan University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
- Fudan ISTBI-ZJNU Algorithm Centre for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China
- MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Cheng
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontier Center for Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Computational Neuroscience and Brain-Inspired Intelligence (Fudan University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
- Fudan ISTBI-ZJNU Algorithm Centre for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China
| | - Lan Tan
- Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
| | - Jin-Tai Yu
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontier Center for Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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Chao M, Wang M, Han H, Liu Y, Sun X, Tian T, Pang W, Cai R. Profiling of m 6A methylation in porcine intramuscular adipocytes and unravelling PHKG1 represses porcine intramuscular lipid deposition in an m 6A-dependent manner. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 272:132728. [PMID: 38825295 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
Intramuscular fat (IMF) content is mainly determined by intramuscular preadipocyte adipogenesis. Epigenetic modifications are known to have a regulatory effect on IMF. As N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is the most abundant epigenetic modification in eukaryotic RNAs. In the present study, we used m6A methylation and RNA sequencing (seq) to identify the m6A-modified RNAs associated with the adipogenic differentiation of intramuscular preadipocytes. Among them, the expression and m6A level of phosphorylase kinase subunit G1 (PHKG1) were found to be significantly changed during adipogenesis. Further studies revealed that knockdown of the methylase METTL3 decreased the m6A methylation of PHKG1 and led to a reduction in PHKG1. Moreover, knockdown of PHKG1 promoted adipogenic differentiation by upregulating the expression of adipogenic genes. In addition, we found that the IMF content in the longissimus thoracis (LT) of Bamei (BM) pigs was greater than that in Large White (LW) pigs, whereas the m6A and PHKG1 expression levels were lower in BM pigs. These findings indicate that the m6A level and expression of PHKG1 were significantly correlated with IMF content and meat quality. In conclusion, this study sheds light on the mechanism by which m6A modification regulates IMF deposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingkun Chao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, Laboratory of Animal Fat Deposition and Muscle Development, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Mingyu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, Laboratory of Animal Fat Deposition and Muscle Development, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Haozhe Han
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, Laboratory of Animal Fat Deposition and Muscle Development, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Yichen Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, Laboratory of Animal Fat Deposition and Muscle Development, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Xiaohui Sun
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, Laboratory of Animal Fat Deposition and Muscle Development, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Tingting Tian
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, Laboratory of Animal Fat Deposition and Muscle Development, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Weijun Pang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, Laboratory of Animal Fat Deposition and Muscle Development, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
| | - Rui Cai
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, Laboratory of Animal Fat Deposition and Muscle Development, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
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20
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Abraham A, Cule M, Thanaj M, Basty N, Hashemloo MA, Sorokin EP, Whitcher B, Burgess S, Bell JD, Sattar N, Thomas EL, Yaghootkar H. Genetic Evidence for Distinct Biological Mechanisms That Link Adiposity to Type 2 Diabetes: Toward Precision Medicine. Diabetes 2024; 73:1012-1025. [PMID: 38530928 PMCID: PMC11109787 DOI: 10.2337/db23-1005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
We aimed to unravel the mechanisms connecting adiposity to type 2 diabetes. We used MR-Clust to cluster independent genetic variants associated with body fat percentage (388 variants) and BMI (540 variants) based on their impact on type 2 diabetes. We identified five clusters of adiposity-increasing alleles associated with higher type 2 diabetes risk (unfavorable adiposity) and three clusters associated with lower risk (favorable adiposity). We then characterized each cluster based on various biomarkers, metabolites, and MRI-based measures of fat distribution and muscle quality. Analyzing the metabolic signatures of these clusters revealed two primary mechanisms connecting higher adiposity to reduced type 2 diabetes risk. The first involves higher adiposity in subcutaneous tissues (abdomen and thigh), lower liver fat, improved insulin sensitivity, and decreased risk of cardiometabolic diseases and diabetes complications. The second mechanism is characterized by increased body size and enhanced muscle quality, with no impact on cardiometabolic outcomes. Furthermore, our findings unveil diverse mechanisms linking higher adiposity to higher disease risk, such as cholesterol pathways or inflammation. These results reinforce the existence of adiposity-related mechanisms that may act as protective factors against type 2 diabetes and its complications, especially when accompanied by reduced ectopic liver fat. ARTICLE HIGHLIGHTS
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Abraham
- Joseph Banks Laboratories, College of Health and Science, University of Lincoln, Lincoln, U.K
| | | | - Marjola Thanaj
- Research Centre for Optimal Health, School of Life Sciences, University of Westminster, London, U.K
| | - Nicolas Basty
- Research Centre for Optimal Health, School of Life Sciences, University of Westminster, London, U.K
| | - M. Amin Hashemloo
- Department of Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, U.K
| | | | - Brandon Whitcher
- Research Centre for Optimal Health, School of Life Sciences, University of Westminster, London, U.K
- MRI Unit, Department of Radiology, The Royal Marsden National Health Service Foundation Trust, London, U.K
| | - Stephen Burgess
- Medical Research Council Biostatistics Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, U.K
| | - Jimmy D. Bell
- Research Centre for Optimal Health, School of Life Sciences, University of Westminster, London, U.K
| | - Naveed Sattar
- School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, U.K
| | - E. Louise Thomas
- Research Centre for Optimal Health, School of Life Sciences, University of Westminster, London, U.K
| | - Hanieh Yaghootkar
- Joseph Banks Laboratories, College of Health and Science, University of Lincoln, Lincoln, U.K
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21
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Lee SA, Riella LV. Narrative Review of Immunomodulatory and Anti-inflammatory Effects of Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors: Unveiling Novel Therapeutic Frontiers. Kidney Int Rep 2024; 9:1601-1613. [PMID: 38899203 PMCID: PMC11184259 DOI: 10.1016/j.ekir.2024.02.1435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2 inhibitors) have evolved from their initial role as antidiabetic drugs to garner recognition for their remarkable cardio-protective and reno-protective attributes. They have become a crucial component of therapeutic guidelines for congestive heart failure and proteinuric chronic kidney disease (CKD). These benefits extend beyond glycemic control, because improvements in cardiovascular and renal outcomes occur swiftly. Recent studies have unveiled the immunomodulatory properties of SGLT2 inhibitors; thus, shedding light on their potential to influence the immune system and inflammation. This comprehensive review explores the current state of knowledge regarding the impact of SGLT2 inhibitors on the immune system and inflammation, focusing on preclinical and clinical evidence. The review delves into their antiinflammatory and immunomodulating effects, offering insights into clinical implications, and exploring emerging research areas related to their prospective immunomodulatory impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sul A. Lee
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Leonardo V. Riella
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Center for Transplantation Sciences, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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22
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Zhang L, Feng Y, Sun X, Yi S, Xiao X, Ma F. Impact of body mass index on assisted reproductive technology outcomes in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome: a meta-analysis. Reprod Biomed Online 2024; 48:103849. [PMID: 38574459 DOI: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2024.103849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
The effect of obesity on pregnancy outcomes of patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) undergoing assisted reproductive technology (ART) remains unclear. As such, a meta-analysis of recent studies was conducted to probe the effect of being overweight or obese on ART pregnancy outcomes in patients with PCOS. PubMed, Embase, MEDLINE, Scopus and Web of Science were searched from inception to 22 July 2023 without language restrictions. The main indicators were: live birth rate, clinical pregnancy rate, spontaneous abortion rate and multiple pregnancy rate. Ten studies were analysed, with a combined sample size of 247,845. Among patients with PCOS undergoing ART who were overweight or obese, the live birth rate, clinical pregnancy rate, implantation rate and number of retrieved oocytes were lower than in normal-weight patients with PCOS, and the spontaneous abortion rate was higher than in normal-weight patients with PCOS. Obese patients with PCOS undergoing ART had a lower multiple pregnancy rate and a lower number of mature oocytes compared with normal-weight patients with PCOS. The data showed that, among patients with PCOS, being overweight or obese has a negative effect on ART pregnancy outcomes. This meta-analysis may inform guidelines for pregnancy with ART, and encourage overweight or obese patients with PCOS to lose weight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linyu Zhang
- Centre for Translational Medicine, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Ying Feng
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Xinrui Sun
- Centre for Translational Medicine, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Shiqi Yi
- Centre for Translational Medicine, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Xue Xiao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China; Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China.
| | - Fang Ma
- Centre for Translational Medicine, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China.
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Oo TT. Ischemic stroke and diabetes: a TLR4-mediated neuroinflammatory perspective. J Mol Med (Berl) 2024; 102:709-717. [PMID: 38538987 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-024-02441-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is the major contributor to morbidity and mortality in people with diabetes mellitus. In ischemic stroke patients, neuroinflammation is now understood to be one of the main underlying mechanisms for cerebral damage and recovery delay. It has been well-established that toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signaling pathway plays a key role in neuroinflammation. Emerging research over the last decade has revealed that, compared to ischemic stroke without diabetes mellitus, ischemic stroke with diabetes mellitus significantly upregulates TLR4-mediated neuroinflammation, increasing the risk of cerebral and neuronal damage as well as neurofunctional recovery delay. This review aims to discuss how ischemic stroke with diabetes mellitus amplifies TLR4-mediated neuroinflammation and its consequences. Additionally covered in this review is the potential application of TLR4 antagonists in the management of diabetic ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thura Tun Oo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, College of Medicine Rockford, Rockford, IL, USA.
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24
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Cai M, Wan J, Cai K, Li S, Du X, Song H, Sun W, Hu J. The mitochondrial quality control system: a new target for exercise therapeutic intervention in the treatment of brain insulin resistance-induced neurodegeneration in obesity. Int J Obes (Lond) 2024; 48:749-763. [PMID: 38379083 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-024-01490-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Obesity is a major global health concern because of its strong association with metabolic and neurodegenerative diseases such as diabetes, dementia, and Alzheimer's disease. Unfortunately, brain insulin resistance in obesity is likely to lead to neuroplasticity deficits. Since the evidence shows that insulin resistance in brain regions abundant in insulin receptors significantly alters mitochondrial efficiency and function, strategies targeting the mitochondrial quality control system may be of therapeutic and practical value in obesity-induced cognitive decline. Exercise is considered as a powerful stimulant of mitochondria that improves insulin sensitivity and enhances neuroplasticity. It has great potential as a non-pharmacological intervention against the onset and progression of obesity associated neurodegeneration. Here, we integrate the current knowledge of the mechanisms of neurodegenration in obesity and focus on brain insulin resistance to explain the relationship between the impairment of neuronal plasticity and mitochondrial dysfunction. This knowledge was synthesised to explore the exercise paradigm as a feasible intervention for obese neurodegenration in terms of improving brain insulin signals and regulating the mitochondrial quality control system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Cai
- Jinshan District Central Hospital affiliated to Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai, 201599, China
| | - Jian Wan
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Pudong New Area People's Hospital, Shanghai, 201299, China
| | - Keren Cai
- College of Rehabilitation Sciences, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, 201318, China
| | - Shuyao Li
- College of Rehabilitation Sciences, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, 201318, China
| | - Xinlin Du
- College of Rehabilitation Sciences, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, 201318, China
| | - Haihan Song
- Central Lab, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Fungi Medical Testing, Shanghai Pudong New Area People's Hospital, Shanghai, 201299, China
| | - Wanju Sun
- Central Lab, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Fungi Medical Testing, Shanghai Pudong New Area People's Hospital, Shanghai, 201299, China.
| | - Jingyun Hu
- Central Lab, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Fungi Medical Testing, Shanghai Pudong New Area People's Hospital, Shanghai, 201299, China.
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Zhou F, Liu X, Chang C, Liu J, He S, Yan Y. Separating the effects of early and later life body mass index on liver diseases: A Mendelian randomization study. Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol 2024; 48:102352. [PMID: 38670486 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinre.2024.102352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM The independent effects of childhood and adult body mass index (BMI) on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are lacking assessment. We aimed to separate the effects of childhood and adult BMI on NAFLD, cirrhosis, and HCC. METHODS Genetic variants associated with childhood and adult BMI were selected as instrumental variables. Two-sample univariable and multivariable MR estimated the total and direct effect of childhood and adult BMI on NAFLD, cirrhosis, and HCC. RESULTS Genetically predicted each 1-SD increased childhood BMI (OR = 1.30, 95 % CI = 1.12 to 1.51, P = 0.001) and adult BMI (OR = 1.57 95 % CI = 1.33 to 1.84, P = 5.49E-08) was associated with an increased risk of NAFLD. The association between childhood BMI (OR = 0.97, 95 % CI = 0.77 to 1.24, P = 0.825) and NAFLD did not remain significant after adjusting for adult BMI (OR = 1.64, 95 % CI = 1.23 to 2.20, P = 0.001). The direct effects of childhood and adult BMI on cirrhosis and HCC were insignificant after considering their relationship. CONCLUSION Maintaining a normal BMI in adulthood significantly reduces the adverse effect of a higher childhood BMI on NAFLD. Further investigation is required to clarify the presence of this effect in cirrhosis and HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feixiang Zhou
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
| | - Xia Liu
- Sixth Oil Production Plant, PetroChina Changqing Oilfield Company, Xian, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Canyan Chang
- Fifth Oil Production Plant, PetroChina Changqing Oilfield Company, Xian, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Jing Liu
- Twelfth Oil Production Plant, PetroChina Changqing Oilfield Company, Xian, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Simin He
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
| | - Yan Yan
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, PR China.
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26
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Martins BC, da Silva Ribeiro M, Teixeira AVS, Peixoto TC, Lisboa PC, Martins FF, Souza-Mello V, Daleprane JB. Consumption of interesterified palm oil leads inflammation of white adipose tissue and triggers metabolic disturbances in mice on a high-fat diet. Sci Rep 2024; 14:12530. [PMID: 38822155 PMCID: PMC11143230 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-63488-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Growing obesity is linked to shifts in dietary patterns, particularly the increased intake of ultra-processed high-fat foods. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of interesterified palm oil consumption on glucose homeostasis, adipose tissue remodeling, and hepatic lipogenesis in C57BL/6 mice fed a high-fat diet. Sixty C57BL/6 mice were divided into four groups (n = 15): the control group (C) fed a standard diet (4% soybean oil), the high-fat group (HF) (23.8% lard), the high palm oil fat group (HFP) (23.8% palm oil), and the high interesterified palm fat group (HFI) (23.8% interesterified palm oil) for 8 weeks (all groups received 50% energy from lipids). The HFI group exhibited higher body mass than the HF group (+ 11%, P < 0.05), which was attributed to an increased percentage of fat mass. Plasma concentrations of IL-6, insulin, and HOMA-IR were also elevated in the HFI group. Both the HFP and HFI groups showed hypertrophied adipocytes and pancreatic islets, increased alpha and beta cell masses, hepatic steatosis, low expression of genes related to beta-oxidation, and upregulated lipogenesis. In conclusion, the consumption of interesterified palm oil alters inflammatory and glucose profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna Cadete Martins
- Laboratory for Studies of Interactions Between Nutrition and Genetics, LEING, Department of Basic and Experimental Nutrition, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Mayara da Silva Ribeiro
- Laboratory for Studies of Interactions Between Nutrition and Genetics, LEING, Department of Basic and Experimental Nutrition, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Ananda Vitoria Silva Teixeira
- Laboratory for Studies of Interactions Between Nutrition and Genetics, LEING, Department of Basic and Experimental Nutrition, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Thamara Cherem Peixoto
- Laboratory for Studies of Interactions Between Nutrition and Genetics, LEING, Department of Basic and Experimental Nutrition, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Patrícia Cristina Lisboa
- Laboratory of Endocrine Physiology, Department of Physiological Sciences, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 20551-030, Brazil
| | - Fabiane Ferreira Martins
- Laboratory for Studies of Interactions Between Nutrition and Genetics, LEING, Department of Basic and Experimental Nutrition, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Department of Morphology, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Norte, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Souza-Mello
- Laboratory of Morphometry, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases, Biomedical Center, Institute of Biology, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Julio Beltrame Daleprane
- Laboratory for Studies of Interactions Between Nutrition and Genetics, LEING, Department of Basic and Experimental Nutrition, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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27
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Shang Q, Zhou J, Yao J, Feng C, Lou H, Cong D. Sleep duration and the risk of new-onset arthritis in middle-aged and older adult population: results from prospective cohort study in China. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1321860. [PMID: 38873298 PMCID: PMC11169742 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1321860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The pain and sleep disorders caused by arthritis are health issues that have been re-emphasized with the aging population. However, the majority of research on arthritis and sleep disorders has focused on cases that have already been diagnosed with arthritis. This research aims to explore the correlation between sleep duration and new-onset arthritis in middle-aged and older adult individuals. Methods Utilizing data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study from baseline (2011) to the Wave 3 follow-up (2018), we conducted a 7-year longitudinal investigation targeting populations with valid sleep questionnaire records and without arthritis. Sleep duration was assessed from nighttime sleep and daytime nap records. The new-onset of arthritis was determined based on self-reported diagnosis. We employed different logistic regression models to consider the potential impact of sleep duration on arthritis and conducted mediation analyses to assess the involvement of BMI in the association between sleep duration and the new-onset risk of arthritis. Results Out of the 6,597 individuals analyzed in the cohort, 586 (8.9%) were diagnosed with new-onset arthritis. Median sleep duration was notably shorter in the new-onset arthritis group (6.63 vs. 6.41 h, p < 0.05). There was a notable negative correlation found between new-onset risk of arthritis and sleep duration, with each Interquartile Range (IQR) increment in sleep leading to a 16% risk reduction (OR: 0.864; 95% CI: 0.784-0.954). Stratified analyses revealed BMI as a potential modifier in the sleep-arthritis relationship (P for interaction = 0.05). Mediation analyses further showed that about 3.5% of the association was mediated by BMI. Additionally, the inclusion of sleep duration improved the arthritis predictive power of our model, with an IDI of 0.105 (0.0203, 0.1898) and an NRI of 0.0013 (0.0004, 0.0022) after adding sleep duration to the basic model. Conclusion In the middle-aged and older adult demographic of China, increased sleep duration is associated with a decreased new-onset risk of arthritis, with BMI potentially playing a role in mediating this connection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiangqiang Shang
- Department of Tuina, The First Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Jie Zhou
- Department of Anorectal, The First Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Junjie Yao
- College of Acupuncture and Tuina, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Chaoqun Feng
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Huijuan Lou
- Department of Tuina, The First Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Deyu Cong
- Department of Tuina, The First Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin, China
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Liu P, Wang Y, Ji X, Kong W, Pan Z, Xu C, Geng Y, Miao J. Association between triglyceride-glucose index and risk of endometriosis in US population: results from the national health and nutrition examination survey (1999-2006). Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1371393. [PMID: 38863936 PMCID: PMC11165080 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1371393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims The association of the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index, a promising novel biomarker for insulin resistance, with the risk of endometriosis has not been investigated to date. This nationwide study aimed to explore the association between the TyG index and the endometriosis risk. Methods Data were obtained from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (1999-2006). Female participants who provided complete data on the TyG index and endometriosis were enrolled in the analysis. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were utilized to assess the association of the TyG index with endometriosis, adjusted by multiple potential confounders. Meanwhile, in-depth subgroup analyses were conducted. Results A total of 1,590 eligible participants were included, among whom 135 (8.5%) women were diagnosed with endometriosis. The fully adjusted multivariate logistic model showed TyG index was significantly associated with the endometriosis risk (odds ratio [OR]Q4 versus Q1 2.04, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.15-3.62; P for trend=0.013). In subgroup analyses, the significantly positive association between TyG index and the risk of endometriosis was also found in parous women (ORQ4 versus Q1 2.18, 95% CI: 1.20-3.96), women without diabetes (OR Q4 versus Q1 2.12, 95% CI: 1.19-3.79), women who smoke currently (OR Q4 versus Q1 3.93, 95% CI: 1.33-11.58), women who drink currently (OR Q4 versus Q1 2.54, 95% CI: 1.27-5.07), and in women who use oral contraceptives (OR Q4 versus Q1 1.91, 95% CI: 1.04-3.51). Additionally, significantly increasing trends in the odds of endometriosis across the quartiles of the TyG index were observed in the above-mentioned subgroups (all P for trend<0.05). Conclusions This population-based study found that a higher TyG index, representing an increased level of insulin resistance, was associated with a higher risk of endometriosis among the US population. Our findings suggested TyG index might be a promising tool for the risk assessment of endometriosis. Prospective studies are warranted to further verify these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Jinwei Miao
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing, China
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Wang R, Zhang Y, Ma QDY, Wu L. Recent advances of small molecule detection in nanopore sensing. Talanta 2024; 277:126323. [PMID: 38810384 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2024.126323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 05/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
Due to its advantages of label-free and highly sensitive, the resistive pulse sensing with a nanopore has recently become even more potent for the discrimination of analytes in single molecule level. Generally, a transient interruption of ion current originated from the captured molecule passing through a nanopore will provide the rich information on the structure, charge and translocation dynamics of the analytes. Therefore, nanopore sensors have been widely used in the fields of DNA sequencing, protein recognition, and the portable detection of varied macromolecules and particles. However, the conventional nanopore devices are still lack of sufficient selectivity and sensitivity to distinguish more metabolic molecules involving ATP, glucose, amino acids and small molecular drugs because it is hard to receive a large number of identifiable signals with the fabricated pores comparable in size to small molecules for nanopore sensing. For all this, a series of innovative strategies developed in the past decades have been summarized in this review, including host-guest recognition, engineering alteration of protein channel, the introduction of nucleic acid aptamers and various delivery carriers integrating signal amplification sections based on the biological and solid nanopore platforms, to achieve the high resolution for the small molecules sensing in micro-nano environment. These works have greatly enhanced the powerful sensing capabilities and extended the potential application of nanopore sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runyu Wang
- College of Science, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210046, China
| | - Yinuo Zhang
- College of Integrated Circuit Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210046, China
| | - Qianli D Y Ma
- College of Integrated Circuit Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210046, China.
| | - Lingzhi Wu
- College of Science, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210046, China.
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30
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Du M, Zhang Y, Gao X, Xing X, Zhang M, Leng M, Wang X, Zhang S, Li C. Interleukin-27 is positively correlated with obesity and a decrease in insulin resistance after weight loss. Obes Res Clin Pract 2024:S1871-403X(24)00055-3. [PMID: 38796383 DOI: 10.1016/j.orcp.2024.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/28/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Interleukin-27 (IL-27), a potential mediator linking obesity to inflammatory diseases, is considered an important candidate for regulating obesity. The present study evaluated the relationship of IL-27 with obesity and insulin resistance (IR) and further investigated the changes in IL-27 levels after weight loss. METHODS The study analyzed 405 participants, of whom 62 with overweight or obesity completed one year of lifestyle intervention. The body compositions, including percent of body fat (PBF), visceral fat area (VFA), skeletal muscle mass (SMM), and visceral fat area to skeletal muscle mass ratio (VSR), were assessed using the bioelectrical impedance analysis method. Serum IL-27 levels were measured using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RESULTS IL-27 levels increased significantly with the increase in body mass index (BMI) (P < 0.001). Moreover, IL-27 levels were positively correlated with PBF, VFA, and VSR. Homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), the inverse of hepatic insulin sensitivity (1/HISI), adipose tissue insulin resistance (Adipo-IR), and homeostasis model assessment-adiponectin (HOMA-AD) increased significantly with each quartile of IL-27 levels (all P < 0.001). IL-27 levels significantly decreased after weight loss (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS IL-27 was positively correlated with obesity, HOMA-IR, 1/HISI, Adipo-IR, and HOMA-AD. IL-27 levels significantly decreased after weight loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiyang Du
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yanju Zhang
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Xinying Gao
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | | | | | | | - Xincheng Wang
- Health Management Center, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Nankai University Affiliated Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Shi Zhang
- Health Management Center, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Nankai University Affiliated Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Chunjun Li
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China; Health Management Center, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Nankai University Affiliated Hospital, Tianjin, China.
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Ding Y, Xu X. Independent and Combined Associations of Physical Activity and Screen Time With Biomarkers of Inflammation in Children and Adolescents With Overweight/Obesity. Pediatr Exerc Sci 2024:1-9. [PMID: 38782367 DOI: 10.1123/pes.2024-0007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Revised: 03/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Inflammation regulation is important for obesity management and prevention of obesity-related diseases. This cross-sectional study aimed to analyze the independent and combined associations of physical activity and screen time with biomarkers of inflammation in children and adolescents with overweight/obesity. METHOD A total of 1289 children and adolescents with overweight/obesity were included from the 2015 to 2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Multivariable linear regressions were conducted for the association analyses. RESULTS For the independent associations, a negative dose-dependent relationship was demonstrated between physical activity and inflammatory biomarker high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) in adolescents with overweight/obesity (P < .001) but not children; screen time was not associated with hsCRP in both children and adolescents. No significant association was found between physical activity or screen time with other inflammatory biomarkers. For the combined associations, there was an interaction between physical activity and screen time on hsCRP in adolescents with overweight/obesity (P = .014). In addition, the negative association between physical activity and hsCRP was greater in boys compared with girls and in Hispanic and non-Hispanic Black individuals compared with non-Hispanic White individuals. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated a combined association of physical activity and screen time with inflammatory biomarker hsCRP in adolescents with overweight/obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijian Ding
- Department of Physical Education, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, JS,China
| | - Xi Xu
- Center for Molecular Metabolism, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, JS,China
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32
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Adolph TE, Meyer M, Jukic A, Tilg H. Heavy arch: from inflammatory bowel diseases to metabolic disorders. Gut 2024:gutjnl-2024-331914. [PMID: 38777571 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2024-331914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metabolic disorders and inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) have captured the globe during Westernisation of lifestyle and related dietary habits over the last decades. Both disease entities are characterised by complex and heterogeneous clinical spectra linked to distinct symptoms and organ systems which, on a first glimpse, do not have many commonalities in clinical practice. However, experimental studies indicate a common backbone of inflammatory mechanisms in metabolic diseases and gut inflammation, and emerging clinical evidence suggests an intricate interplay between metabolic disorders and IBD. OBJECTIVE We depict parallels of IBD and metabolic diseases, easily overlooked in clinical routine. DESIGN We provide an overview of the recent literature and discuss implications of metabolic morbidity in patients with IBD for researchers, clinicians and healthcare providers. CONCLUSION The Western lifestyle and diet and related gut microbial perturbation serve as a fuel for metabolic inflammation in and beyond the gut. Metabolic disorders and the metabolic syndrome increasingly affect patients with IBD, with an expected negative impact for both disease entities and risk for complications. This concept implies that tackling the obesity pandemic exerts beneficial effects beyond metabolic health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timon E Adolph
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Moritz Meyer
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Almina Jukic
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Herbert Tilg
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
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33
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Shin JS, Lee H, Kim SH, Noh KC, Kim SJ, Kim HN, Choi JY, Song SY. Identification of plasma and urinary inflammatory markers in severe knee osteoarthritis: Relations with synovial fluid markers. Knee Surg Relat Res 2024; 36:19. [PMID: 38773579 PMCID: PMC11106897 DOI: 10.1186/s43019-024-00223-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/24/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to identify plasma and urinary cytokines as potential biomarkers for severe knee osteoarthritis (OA). It also investigated associations between these cytokines and cartilage markers, as well as their connections with synovial fluid (SF) markers. METHODS Samples of plasma, urine, and SF were obtained from patients (n = 40) undergoing total knee arthroplasty (TKA) or unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) due to severe knee OA. Control samples of plasma and urine were collected from non-OA individuals (n = 15). We used a Luminex immunoassay for the simultaneous measurement of 19 cytokines, MMP-1, and MMP-3 levels. COMP, CTX-II, and hyaluronan (HA) levels were quantified using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were utilized to analyze each biomarker's performance. Correlations among these biomarkers were evaluated via Spearman's correlation. RESULTS The levels of plasma (p)CCL11, pCXCL16, pIL-8, pIL-15, pHA, urinary (u)CCL2, uCCL11, uCCL19, uCXCL16, uIL-1β, uIL-6, uIL-8, uIL-12p70, uIL-15, uIL-33, uMMP-3, uHA, uCTX-II, and uCOMP were significantly elevated in individuals with severe knee OA. Notably, specific correlations were observed between the plasma/urine biomarkers and SF biomarkers: pCCL11 with sfHA (r = 0.56) and sfTNF-α (r = 0.58), pIL-15 with sfCCL19 (r = 0.43) and sfCCL20 (r = 0.44), and uCCL19 with sfCCL11 (r = 0.45) and sfIL-33 (r = 0.51). Positive correlations were also observed between uCCL11 and its corresponding sfCCL11(r = 0.49), as well as between sfCCL11 and other cytokines, namely sfCCL4, sfCCL19, sfCCL20, sfIL-33, and sfTNF-α (r = 0.46-0.63). CONCLUSION This study provides an extensive profile of systemic inflammatory mediators in plasma of knee OA and identified four inflammatory markers (pCCL11, pIL-15, uCCL11, and uCCL19) reflecting joint inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Sun Shin
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, 7, Keunjaebong-gil, Hwaseong-si, Gyeonggi-do, 18450, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyobeom Lee
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, 150, Seongan-ro, Gangdong-gu, Seoul, 05355, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Hyeon Kim
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, 7, Keunjaebong-gil, Hwaseong-si, Gyeonggi-do, 18450, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyu-Cheol Noh
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, 7, Keunjaebong-gil, Hwaseong-si, Gyeonggi-do, 18450, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Jae Kim
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, 7, Keunjaebong-gil, Hwaseong-si, Gyeonggi-do, 18450, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyong Nyun Kim
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, 1, Singil-ro, Yeongdeungpo-gu, Seoul, 07441, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Young Choi
- School of Advanced Materials Science & Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Si Young Song
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, 7, Keunjaebong-gil, Hwaseong-si, Gyeonggi-do, 18450, Republic of Korea.
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Pellón-Elexpuru I, Van Dijk R, Van der Valk I, Martínez-Pampliega A, Molleda A, Cormenzana S. Divorce and physical health: A three-level meta-analysis. Soc Sci Med 2024; 352:117005. [PMID: 38824838 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2024.117005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
Divorce is often considered a major and stressful life transition. Given that divorcees are overrepresented in primary care and there is a association between individuals' physical health and psychological adjustment, potential post-divorce health problems are of concern. Yet, empirical evidence is lacking on the magnitude of the overall physical health risk after divorce, on possible differences across specific pathologies, and on factors that may increase or reduce this risk. The current meta-analysis addresses these issues. We identified 94 studies including u = 248 relevant effect sizes, based on N = 1,384,507 participants. Generally, compared to married individuals, divorcees showed significantly worse self-reported health (OR = 1.20, [1.08-1.33]), experienced more physical symptoms (OR = 1.34, [1.17-1.53]), and had a higher risk for diabetes (OR = 1.18 [1.05-1.33]), joint pathologies (OR = 1.24, [1.14-1.34]), cardiovascular (OR = 1.24, [1.09-1.41]) and cerebrovascular conditions (OR = 1.31, [1.14-1.51]), and sexually transmitted diseases (OR = 2.48, [1.32-4.64]). However, they had no increased risk of hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, cancer and cancer development, disabilities or limitations, or cognitive pathologies. Nor did divorcees significantly differ from married individuals when aggregating all pathologies to measure overall physical health problems (OR = 1.14, [0.85 to 1.54]). Yet, moderation analyses revealed that being female, unemployed, childless, or having a lower education constitutes a higher risk for overall physical health problems after divorce. The same applied to having a heavy alcohol consumption, lack of exercise, and being overweight. Our meta-analysis shows that divorcees are at heightened risk of certain pathologies, with sexually transmitted diseases as a particular post-divorce hazard. These findings call for more awareness among counsellors and physicians on divorcees' health conditions and the characteristics that make divorcees even more vulnerable to health problems.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rianne Van Dijk
- Youth&Family Department, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Inge Van der Valk
- Youth&Family Department, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | | | - Asier Molleda
- Deusto FamilyPsych, Deusto University, Bilbao, Spain
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Roy D, Dion E, Sepeda JA, Peng J, Lingam SR, Townsend K, Sas A, Sun W, Tedeschi A. α2δ1-mediated maladaptive sensory plasticity disrupts adipose tissue homeostasis following spinal cord injury. Cell Rep Med 2024; 5:101525. [PMID: 38663398 PMCID: PMC11148638 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2024.101525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Revised: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024]
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) increases the risk of cardiometabolic disorders, including hypertension, dyslipidemia, and insulin resistance. Not only does SCI lead to pathological expansion of adipose tissue, but it also leads to ectopic lipid accumulation in organs integral to glucose and insulin metabolism. The pathophysiological changes that underlie adipose tissue dysfunction after SCI are unknown. Here, we find that SCI exacerbates lipolysis in epididymal white adipose tissue (eWAT). Whereas expression of the α2δ1 subunit of voltage-gated calcium channels increases in calcitonin gene-related peptide-positive dorsal root ganglia neurons that project to eWAT, conditional deletion of the gene encoding α2δ1 in these neurons normalizes eWAT lipolysis after SCI. Furthermore, α2δ1 pharmacological blockade through systemic administration of gabapentin also normalizes eWAT lipolysis after SCI, preventing ectopic lipid accumulation in the liver. Thus, our study provides insight into molecular causes of maladaptive sensory processing in eWAT, facilitating the development of strategies to reduce metabolic and cardiovascular complications after SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debasish Roy
- Department of Neuroscience, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Elliot Dion
- Department of Neuroscience, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Jesse A Sepeda
- Department of Neurology, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Juan Peng
- Center for Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Sai Rishik Lingam
- Department of Neuroscience, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Kristy Townsend
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Andrew Sas
- Department of Neurology, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Wenjing Sun
- Department of Neuroscience, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Andrea Tedeschi
- Department of Neuroscience, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Chronic Brain Injury Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
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36
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Ahmad Z, Kahloan W, Rosen ED. Transcriptional control of metabolism by interferon regulatory factors. Nat Rev Endocrinol 2024:10.1038/s41574-024-00990-0. [PMID: 38769435 DOI: 10.1038/s41574-024-00990-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Interferon regulatory factors (IRFs) comprise a family of nine transcription factors in mammals. IRFs exert broad effects on almost all aspects of immunity but are best known for their role in the antiviral response. Over the past two decades, IRFs have been implicated in metabolic physiology and pathophysiology, partly as a result of their known functions in immune cells, but also because of direct actions in adipocytes, hepatocytes, myocytes and neurons. This Review focuses predominantly on IRF3 and IRF4, which have been the subject of the most intense investigation in this area. IRF3 is located in the cytosol and undergoes activation and nuclear translocation in response to various signals, including stimulation of Toll-like receptors, RIG-I-like receptors and the cGAS-STING pathways. IRF3 promotes weight gain, primarily by inhibiting adipose thermogenesis, and also induces inflammation and insulin resistance using both weight-dependent and weight-independent mechanisms. IRF4, meanwhile, is generally pro-thermogenic and anti-inflammatory and has profound effects on lipogenesis and lipolysis. Finally, new data are emerging on the role of other IRF family members in metabolic homeostasis. Taken together, data indicate that IRFs serve as critical yet underappreciated integrators of metabolic and inflammatory stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zunair Ahmad
- School of Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Medical University of Bahrain, Busaiteen, Bahrain
| | - Wahab Kahloan
- AdventHealth Orlando Family Medicine, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - Evan D Rosen
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA.
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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Yan S, Chen L, Li N, Wei X, Wang J, Dong W, Wang Y, Shi J, Ding X, Peng Y. Effect of Akkermansia muciniphila on pancreatic islet β-cell function in rats with prediabetes mellitus induced by a high-fat diet. BIORESOUR BIOPROCESS 2024; 11:51. [PMID: 38763955 PMCID: PMC11102893 DOI: 10.1186/s40643-024-00766-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Prediabetes is an important stage in the development of diabetes. It is necessary to find a safe, effective and sustainable way to delay and reverse the progression of prediabetes. Akkermansia muciniphila (A. muciniphila) is one of the key bacteria associated with glucose metabolism. Recent studies mainly focus on the effect of A. muciniphila on obesity and insulin resistance, but there is no research on the effect of A. muciniphila on pancreatic β-cell function and its mechanism in prediabetes. In this study, we investigated the effects of A. muciniphila on β-cell function, apoptosis and differentiation, as well as its effects on the gut microbiome, intestinal barrier, metaflammation and the expression of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) in a high-fat diet (HFD)-induced prediabetic rat model. The effect of A. muciniphila was compared with dietary intervention. The results showed both A. muciniphila treatment and dietary intervention can reduce metaflammation by repairing the intestinal barrier in rats with prediabetes induced by an HFD and improve β-cell secretory function, apoptosis and differentiation through signaling pathways mediated by TLR2 and TLR4. Additionally, A. muciniphila can further elevate β-cell secretion, attenuate apoptosis and improve differentiation and the TLR signaling pathway on the basis of diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Yan
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Lin Chen
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Na Li
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Xiaohui Wei
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Jingjing Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Pancreatic Diseases, Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Weiping Dong
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Yufan Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Jianxia Shi
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Xiaoying Ding
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080, China.
| | - Yongde Peng
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080, China.
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Naglah AM, Almehizia AA, Al-Wasidi AS, Alharbi AS, Alqarni MH, Hassan AS, Aboulthana WM. Exploring the Potential Biological Activities of Pyrazole-Based Schiff Bases as Anti-Diabetic, Anti-Alzheimer's, Anti-Inflammatory, and Cytotoxic Agents: In Vitro Studies with Computational Predictions. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:655. [PMID: 38794225 PMCID: PMC11125359 DOI: 10.3390/ph17050655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
In this innovative research, we aim to reveal pyrazole-based Schiff bases as new multi-target agents. In this context, we re-synthesized three sets of pyrazole-based Schiff bases, 5a-f, 6a-f, and 7a-f, to evaluate their biological applications. The data from in vitro biological assays (including antioxidant and scavenging activities, anti-diabetes, anti-Alzheimer's, and anti-inflammatory properties) of the pyrazole-based Schiff bases 5a-f, 6a-f, and 7a-f showed that the six pyrazole-based Schiff bases 5a, 5d, 5e, 5f, 7a, and 7f possess the highest biological properties among the compounds evaluated. The cytotoxicity against lung (A549) and colon (Caco-2) human cancer types, as well as normal lung (WI-38) cell lines, was evaluated. The data from the cytotoxicity investigation demonstrated that the three Schiff bases 5d, 5e, and 7a are active against lung (A549) cells, while the two Schiff bases 5e and 7a exhibited the highest cytotoxicity towards colon (Caco-2) cells. Additionally, the enzymatic activities against caspase-3 and Bcl-2 of the six pyrazole-based Schiff bases 5a, 5d, 5e, 5f, 7a, and 7f were evaluated. Furthermore, we assessed the in silico absorption, distribution, metabolism, and toxicity (ADMT) properties of the more potent pyrazole-based Schiff bases. After modifying the structures of the six pyrazole-based Schiff bases, we plan to further extend the studies in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed M. Naglah
- Drug Exploration and Development Chair (DEDC), Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Abdulrahman A. Almehizia
- Drug Exploration and Development Chair (DEDC), Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Asma S. Al-Wasidi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Amirah Senaitan Alharbi
- King Khalid Hospital, King Saud University Medical City, P.O. Box 7805, Riyadh 11472, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mohammed H. Alqarni
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 173, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Ashraf S. Hassan
- Organometallic and Organometalloid Chemistry Department, National Research Centre, Dokki 12622, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Wael M. Aboulthana
- Biochemistry Department, Biotechnology Research Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki 12622, Cairo, Egypt;
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Wu J, Sun X, Jiang P. Metabolism-inflammasome crosstalk shapes innate and adaptive immunity. Cell Chem Biol 2024; 31:884-903. [PMID: 38759617 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2024.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
Inflammasomes are a central component of innate immunity and play a vital role in regulating innate immune response. Activation of inflammasomes is also indispensable for adaptive immunity, modulating the development and response of adaptive immunity. Recently, increasing studies have shown that metabolic alterations and adaptations strongly influence and regulate the differentiation and function of the immune system. In this review, we will take a holistic view of how inflammasomes bridge innate and adaptive (especially T cell) immunity and how inflammasomes crosstalk with metabolic signals during the immune responses. And, special attention will be paid to the metabolic control of inflammasome-mediated interactions between innate and adaptive immunity in disease. Understanding the metabolic regulatory functions of inflammasomes would provide new insights into future research directions in this area and may help to identify potential targets for inflammasome-associated diseases and broaden therapeutic avenues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, China; State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xuan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Peng Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing 100084, China.
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40
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Zhang R, Xie Q, Lu X, Fan R, Tong N. Research advances in the anti-inflammatory effects of SGLT inhibitors in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2024; 16:99. [PMID: 38735956 PMCID: PMC11089742 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-024-01325-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is one of the most significant global burden diseases. It is well established that a chronic, systemic, low-grade inflammatory condition is strongly correlated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) and the development of target-organ damage (TOD). Sodium-glucose cotransporter inhibitors (SGLTis), novel oral drugs for the treatment of diabetes, act mainly by reducing glucose reabsorption in proximal renal tubules and/or the intestine. Several high-quality clinical trials and large observational studies have revealed that SGLTis significantly improve cardiovascular and renal outcomes in T2D patients. Increasing evidence suggests that this is closely related to their anti-inflammatory properties, which are mainly manifested by a reduction in plasma concentrations of inflammatory biomarkers. This review analyses the potential mechanisms behind the anti-inflammatory effects of SGLTis in diabetes and presents recent evidence of their therapeutic efficacy in treating diabetes and related TOD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruining Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Center for Diabetes and Metabolism Research, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qingxing Xie
- Department of Endocrinology, Center for Diabetes and Metabolism Research, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xi Lu
- Department of Endocrinology, Center for Diabetes and Metabolism Research, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Rongping Fan
- Department of Endocrinology, Center for Diabetes and Metabolism Research, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Nanwei Tong
- Department of Endocrinology, Center for Diabetes and Metabolism Research, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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Chen G, Che L, Lai M, Wei T, Chen C, Zhu P, Ran J. Association of neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in US adults with diabetes and prediabetes: a prospective cohort study. BMC Endocr Disord 2024; 24:64. [PMID: 38730476 PMCID: PMC11084136 DOI: 10.1186/s12902-024-01592-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is a novel hematological parameter to assess systemic inflammation. Prior investigations have indicated that an increased NLR may serve as a potential marker for pathological states such as cancer and atherosclerosis. However, there exists a dearth of research investigating the correlation between NLR levels and mortality in individuals with diabetes and prediabetes. Consequently, this study aims to examine the connection between NLR and all-cause as well as cardiovascular mortality in the population of the United States (US) with hyperglycemia status. METHODS Data were collected from a total of 20,270 eligible individuals enrolled for analysis, spanning ten cycles of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 1999 to 2018. The subjects were categorized into three groups based on tertiles of NLR levels. The association of NLR with both all-cause and cardiovascular mortality was evaluated using Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox proportional hazards regression models. Restricted cubic splines were used to visualize the nonlinear relationship between NLR levels and all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in subjects with diabetes after accounting for all relevant factors. RESULTS Over a median follow-up period of 8.6 years, a total of 1909 subjects with diabetes died, with 671 deaths attributed to cardiovascular disease (CVD). And over a period of 8.46 years, 1974 subjects with prediabetes died, with 616 cases due to CVD. The multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) comparing high to low tertile of NLR in diabetes subjects were found to be 1.37 (95% CI, 1.19-1.58) for all-cause mortality and 1.63 (95% CI, 1.29-2.05) for CVD mortality. And the correlation between high to low NLR tertile and heightened susceptibility to mortality from any cause (HR, 1.21; 95% CI, 1.03-1.43) and CVD mortality (HR, 1.49; 95% CI, 1.08-2.04) remained statistically significant (both p-values for trend < 0.05) in prediabetes subjects. The 10-year cumulative survival probability was determined to be 70.34%, 84.65% for all-cause events, and 86.21%, 94.54% for cardiovascular events in top NLR tertile of diabetes and prediabetes individuals, respectively. Furthermore, each incremental unit in the absolute value of NLR was associated with a 16%, 12% increase in all-cause mortality and a 25%, 24% increase in cardiovascular mortality among diabetes and prediabetes individuals, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The findings of this prospective cohort study conducted in the US indicate a positive association of elevated NLR levels with heightened risks of overall and cardiovascular mortality among adults with diabetes and prediabetes. However, potential confounding factors for NLR and the challenge of monitoring NLR's fluctuations over time should be further focused.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangshu Chen
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510220, Guangdong, China
| | - Li Che
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Meizheng Lai
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510220, Guangdong, China
| | - Ting Wei
- Department of Hematology, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510220, China
| | - Chuping Chen
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510220, Guangdong, China
| | - Ping Zhu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510220, Guangdong, China.
| | - Jianmin Ran
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510220, Guangdong, China.
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Zhang XY, Yu L, Wang K, Wang M, Li P, Zheng ZG, Yang H. The combination of berberine and isoliquiritigenin synergistically improved adipose inflammation and obesity-induced insulin resistance. Phytother Res 2024. [PMID: 38729776 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.8233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
White adipose tissue accumulation and inflammation contribute to obesity by inducing insulin resistance. Herein, we aimed to screen the synergistic components of the herbal pair Coptidis Rhizoma-Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma for the treatment of insulin resistance and explore the potential synergistic mechanisms. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and quantitative PCR were used to detect expression levels of inflammatory genes in vitro and in vivo. Western blotting and immunohistochemistry were performed to detect protein levels of the insulin signaling pathway and macrophage markers. The effects on obesity-induced insulin resistance were verified using a diet-induced obesity (DIO) mouse model. Interactions between macrophage and adipocyte were assessed using a cellular supernatant transfer assay. Berberine (BBR) and isoliquiritigenin (ISL) alleviated mRNA levels and secretion of inflammatory genes in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, BBR acted synergistically with ISL to ameliorate obesity and dyslipidemia in DIO mice. Meanwhile, the combination treatment significantly improved glucose intolerance and insulin resistance and decreased M1-macrophage accumulation and infiltration in the adipose tissue. Mechanistically, co-treatment with BBR and ISL upregulated the protein expression of the IRS1-PI3K-Akt insulin signaling pathway, enhanced glucose uptake in adipocyte, and suppressed the interaction between macrophage and adipocyte. BBR and ISL were identified as the synergistic components of the herbal pair Coptidis Rhizoma-Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma for treating insulin resistance. The synergistic combination of BBR with ISL can be a promising and effective strategy for improving obesity-induced adipose inflammation and insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lingling Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Keke Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Mingsu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zu-Guo Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hua Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
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Ullah A, Singla RK, Batool Z, Cao D, Shen B. Pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines are the game-changers in childhood obesity-associated metabolic disorders (diabetes and non-alcoholic fatty liver diseases). Rev Endocr Metab Disord 2024:10.1007/s11154-024-09884-y. [PMID: 38709387 DOI: 10.1007/s11154-024-09884-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
Childhood obesity is a chronic inflammatory epidemic that affects children worldwide. Obesity affects approximately 1 in 5 children worldwide. Obesity in children can worsen weight gain and raise the risk of obesity-related comorbidities like diabetes and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). It can also negatively impact the quality of life for these children. Obesity disrupts immune system function, influencing cytokine (interleukins) balance and expression levels, adipokines, and innate and adaptive immune cells. The altered expression of immune system mediators, including interleukin-1 (IL-1), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8), interleukin-17 (IL-17), interleukin-18 (IL-18), transforming growth factor (TGF), tumor necrosis factor (TNF), and others, caused inflammation, progression, and the development of pediatric obesity and linked illnesses such as diabetes and NAFLD. Furthermore, anti-inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin-2 (IL-2), have been shown to have anti-diabetes and IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra) anti-diabetic and pro-NAFLFD properties, and interleukin-10 (IL-10) has been shown to have a dual role in managing diabetes and anti-NAFLD. In light of the substantial increase in childhood obesity-associated disorders such as diabetes and NAFLD and the absence of an effective pharmaceutical intervention to inhibit immune modulation factors, it is critical to consider the alteration of immune system components as a preventive and therapeutic approach. Thus, the current review focuses on the most recent information regarding the influence of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines (interleukins) and their molecular mechanisms on pediatric obesity-associated disorders (diabetes and NAFLD). Furthermore, we discussed the current therapeutic clinical trials in childhood obesity-associated diseases, diabetes, and NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amin Ullah
- Department of Abdominal Oncology, Cancer Center of West China Hospital and Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Rajeev K Singla
- Department of Abdominal Oncology, Cancer Center of West China Hospital and Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, 144411, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Zahra Batool
- Department of Abdominal Oncology, Cancer Center of West China Hospital and Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Dan Cao
- Department of Abdominal Oncology, Cancer Center of West China Hospital and Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Bairong Shen
- Department of Abdominal Oncology, Cancer Center of West China Hospital and Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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Hoffmann MH, Kirchner H, Krönke G, Riemekasten G, Bonelli M. Inflammatory tissue priming: novel insights and therapeutic opportunities for inflammatory rheumatic diseases. Ann Rheum Dis 2024:ard-2023-224092. [PMID: 38702177 DOI: 10.1136/ard-2023-224092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
Due to optimised treatment strategies and the availability of new therapies during the last decades, formerly devastating chronic inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis or systemic sclerosis (SSc) have become less menacing. However, in many patients, even state-of-the-art treatment cannot induce remission. Moreover, the risk for flares strongly increases once anti-inflammatory therapy is tapered or withdrawn, suggesting that underlying pathological processes remain active even in the absence of overt inflammation. It has become evident that tissues have the ability to remember past encounters with pathogens, wounds and other irritants, and to react more strongly and/or persistently to the next occurrence. This priming of the tissue bears a paramount role in defence from microbes, but on the other hand drives inflammatory pathologies (the Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde aspect of tissue adaptation). Emerging evidence suggests that long-lived tissue-resident cells, such as fibroblasts, macrophages, long-lived plasma cells and tissue-resident memory T cells, determine inflammatory tissue priming in an interplay with infiltrating immune cells of lymphoid and myeloid origin, and with systemically acting factors such as cytokines, extracellular vesicles and antibodies. Here, we review the current state of science on inflammatory tissue priming, focusing on tissue-resident and tissue-occupying cells in arthritis and SSc, and reflect on the most promising treatment options targeting the maladapted tissue response during these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Henriette Kirchner
- Institute for Human Genetics, Epigenetics and Metabolism Lab, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Gerhard Krönke
- Department of Rheumatology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Gabriela Riemekasten
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Michael Bonelli
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Arthritis and Rehabilitation, Vienna, Austria
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Burak MF, Stanley TL, Lawson EA, Campbell SL, Lynch L, Hasty AH, Domingos AI, Dixit VD, Hotamışlıgil GS, Sheedy FJ, Dixon AE, Brinkley TE, Hill JA, Donath MY, Grinspoon SK. Adiposity, immunity, and inflammation: interrelationships in health and disease: a report from 24th Annual Harvard Nutrition Obesity Symposium, June 2023. Am J Clin Nutr 2024:S0002-9165(24)00455-6. [PMID: 38705359 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2024.04.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
The rapidly evolving field of immunometabolism explores how changes in local immune environments may affect key metabolic and cellular processes, including that of adipose tissue. Importantly, these changes may contribute to low-grade systemic inflammation. In turn, chronic low-grade inflammation affecting adipose tissue may exacerbate the outcome of metabolic diseases. Novel advances in our understanding of immunometabolic processes may critically lead to interventions to reduce disease severity and progression. An important example in this regard relates to obesity, which has a multifaceted effect on immunity, activating the proinflammatory pathways such as the inflammasome and disrupting cellular homeostasis. This multifaceted effect of obesity can be investigated through study of downstream conditions using cellular and systemic investigative techniques. To further explore this field, the National Institutes of Health P30 Nutrition Obesity Research Center at Harvard, in partnership with Harvard Medical School, assembled experts to present at its 24th Annual Symposium entitled "Adiposity, Immunity, and Inflammation: Interrelationships in Health and Disease" on 7 June, 2023. This manuscript seeks to synthesize and present key findings from the symposium, highlighting new research and novel disease-specific advances in the field. Better understanding the interaction between metabolism and immunity offers promising preventative and treatment therapies for obesity-related immunometabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Furkan Burak
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States; Department of Molecular Metabolism and Sabri Ülker Center, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States.
| | - Takara L Stanley
- Metabolism Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Massachusetts General Hospital for Children and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Elizabeth A Lawson
- Neuroendocrine Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Sophia L Campbell
- Metabolism Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Lydia Lynch
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Alyssa H Hasty
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, VA Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Ana I Domingos
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy & Genetics, Oxford University, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Vishwa D Dixit
- Department of Pathology, Department of Comparative Medicine, Department of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, and Yale Center for Research on Aging, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Gökhan S Hotamışlıgil
- Department of Molecular Metabolism and Sabri Ülker Center, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States; Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Frederick J Sheedy
- School of Biochemistry & Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Anne E Dixon
- Department of Medicine, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States
| | - Tina E Brinkley
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
| | - Joseph A Hill
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Marc Y Donath
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Clinic of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Steven K Grinspoon
- Metabolism Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
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Li B, Zhao X, Hong Z, Ding Y, Zhang Y. Circulating immune cell phenotyping is potentially relevant for diabetic retinopathy risk assessment. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2024; 211:111667. [PMID: 38609020 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2024.111667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammation is believed to play a central role in the development of diabetes mellitus and is a common feature of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, the association with diabetic retinopathy (DR) remains a topic of debate. METHODS This study employed two-sample bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses to establish causal associations between immune cell characteristics and DR. Using publicly available GWAS genetic data, we investigated the causal relationship between 731 immune cell characteristics and the risk of DR. A total of four types of immune features, including relative cell (RC), absolute cell (AC), median fluorescence intensities (MFI), and morphological parameters (MP), were included. Sensitivity analysis was conducted to assess the robustness, heterogeneity, and potential horizontal pleiotropy of the results. RESULTS Thirty-five immune cell phenotypes were correlated with the risk of developing DR among four immune traits (MFI, RC, AC, and MP), and DR resulted in altered expression of twenty-six immune cells. CONCLUSION We have demonstrated a strong correlation between immune cell traits and DR using a genetic approach. This finding offers valuable insights for early DR prevention and future clinical research and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Quanzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou 362000, Fujian, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Biomedical Research Institute, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, Hubei, China
| | - Xu Zhao
- Emergency and Critical Care Center, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, No. 37 Chaoyang Middle Road, Shiyan 442000, Hubei, China
| | - Zhenzhen Hong
- Department of Endocrinology, Quanzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou 362000, Fujian, China
| | - Yan Ding
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Biomedical Research Institute, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, Hubei, China.
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Quanzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou 362000, Fujian, China.
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Priscilla L, Yoo C, Jang S, Park S, Lim G, Kim T, Lee DY. Immunotherapy targeting the obese white adipose tissue microenvironment: Focus on non-communicable diseases. Bioact Mater 2024; 35:461-476. [PMID: 38404641 PMCID: PMC10884763 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2024.01.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Obesity triggers inflammatory responses in the microenvironment of white adipose tissue, resulting in chronic systemic inflammation and the subsequent development of non-communicable diseases, including type 2 diabetes, coronary heart disease, and breast cancer. Current therapy approaches for obesity-induced non-communicable diseases persist in prioritizing symptom remission while frequently overlooking the criticality of targeting and alleviating inflammation at its source. Accordingly, this review highlights the importance of the microenvironment of obese white adipose tissue and the promising potential of employing immunotherapy to target it as an effective therapeutic approach for non-communicable diseases induced by obesity. Additionally, this review discusses the challenges and offers perspective about the immunotherapy targeting the microenvironment of obese white adipose tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lia Priscilla
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Engineering, and BK FOUR Biopharmaceutical Innovation Leader for Education and Research Group, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Chaerim Yoo
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Engineering, and BK FOUR Biopharmaceutical Innovation Leader for Education and Research Group, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Seonmi Jang
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Engineering, and BK FOUR Biopharmaceutical Innovation Leader for Education and Research Group, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Sewon Park
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Engineering, and BK FOUR Biopharmaceutical Innovation Leader for Education and Research Group, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Gayoung Lim
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Engineering, and BK FOUR Biopharmaceutical Innovation Leader for Education and Research Group, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Taekyun Kim
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Engineering, and BK FOUR Biopharmaceutical Innovation Leader for Education and Research Group, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Yun Lee
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Engineering, and BK FOUR Biopharmaceutical Innovation Leader for Education and Research Group, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology (INST) & Institute for Bioengineering and Biopharmaceutical Research (IBBR), Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
- Elixir Pharmatech Inc., Seoul, 07463, Republic of Korea
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Abed MN, Alassaf FA, Qazzaz ME. Exploring the Interplay between Vitamin D, Insulin Resistance, Obesity and Skeletal Health. J Bone Metab 2024; 31:75-89. [PMID: 38886966 PMCID: PMC11184154 DOI: 10.11005/jbm.2024.31.2.75] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D (ViD), plays an important role in calcium absorption and bone mineralization, is associated with bone mineral density. Severe deficiency in ViD has long been linked to conditions such as rickets in children and osteomalacia in adults, revealing its substantial role in skeletal health. Additionally, investigations show an existing interconnection between ViD and insulin resistance (Ins-R), especially in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Obesity, in conjunction with Ins-R, may augment the risk of osteoporosis and deterioration of skeletal health. This review aims to examine recent studies on the interplay between ViD, Ins-R, obesity, and their impact on skeletal health, to offer insights into potential therapeutic strategies. Cochrane Library, Google Scholar, and Pubmed were searched to investigate relevant studies until December 2023. Current research demonstrates ViD's impact on pancreatic β-cell function, systemic inflammation, and insulin action regulation. Our findings highlight an intricate association between ViD, Ins-R, obesity, and skeletal health, providing a perspective for the prevention and/or treatment of skeletal disorders in patients with obesity, Ins-R, and T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed N. Abed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Mosul, Mosul,
Iraq
| | - Fawaz A. Alassaf
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Mosul, Mosul,
Iraq
| | - Mohannad E. Qazzaz
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Medicinal Plants, College of Pharmacy, University of Mosul, Mosul,
Iraq
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Ye SL, Xu TZ, Wang C, Han K, Jiang XD, Tang T, Song B, Du XL, Hu N, Li XQ. Controlling the nutritional status score: a new tool for predicting postoperative mortality in patients with infrarenal abdominal aortic aneurysm treated with endovascular aneurysm repair. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1351797. [PMID: 38751736 PMCID: PMC11094745 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1351797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Background AAA is a fatal condition that commonly occurs during vascular surgery. Nutritional status exerts a significant influence on the prognosis of various pathological conditions Scores from the CONUT screening tool have been shown to predict outcomes of certain malignancies and chronic diseases. However, the ramifications of nutritional status on AAA patients undergoing EVAR have not been elucidated in prior studies. In this study, we aimed to elucidate the correlation between CONUT scores and postoperative prognostic outcomes in patients with AAA undergoing EVAR. Methods This was a retrospective review of 177 AAA patients treated with EVAR from June 2018 to November 2019 in a single center. Patient characteristics, CONUT scores, and postoperative status were collected. These patients were stratified into groups A and B according to CONUT scores. Subsequently, a comparative analysis of the baseline characteristics between the two cohorts was conducted. Cox proportional hazards and logistic regression analyses were employed to identify the autonomous predictors of mid-term mortality and complications, respectively. Results Compared with group A, patients in group B had higher midterm mortality (p < 0.001). Univariate analysis showed that CONUT scores; respiratory diseases; stent types; preoperative Hb, CRP, PT, and Fb levels were risk factors for death. Multivariate analysis confirmed that CONUT score [HR, 1.276; 95% CI, 1.029-1.584; p = 0.027] was an independent risk factor for mortality. Logistic regression analysis showed that prior arterial disease, smoking, and D-dimer levels were risk factors, although multivariate analysis showed smoking (OR, 3.492; 95% CI, 1.426-8.553; p = 0.006) was an independent risk factor. Kaplan-Meier curves showed that patients in group B had shorter mid-term survival than those in group A (log-rank p < 0.001). Conclusion Malnutrition was strongly associated with mid-term mortality in patients with infrarenal AAA treated with EVAR.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Xiao-Long Du
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Nan Hu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiao-Qiang Li
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
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50
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Yang C, Yang Q, Xie Z, Peng X, Liu H, Xie C. Association of systemic immune-inflammation-index with all-cause and cause-specific mortality among type 2 diabetes: a cohort study base on population. Endocrine 2024; 84:399-411. [PMID: 38048013 PMCID: PMC11076376 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-023-03587-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE There have been limited studies examining the prospective association between the Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index (SII), a novel inflammatory marker, and mortality among individuals with diabetes in the United States. METHODS We utilized data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), a representative sample of US adults, linked with information from the National Death Index. RESULTS Our study included 8697 individuals from NHANES spanning the years 1999 to 2018. SII was calculated by dividing the platelet count by the neutrophil count and then dividing that result by the lymphocyte count. We employed multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression analysis to investigate the associations between SII levels and all-cause as well as cause-specific mortality, while adjusting for potential confounding factors. SII levels were categorized into quartiles based on the study population distribution. Over a median follow-up period of 94.8 months (with a maximum of 249 months), we observed a total of 2465 all-cause deaths, 853 deaths from cardiovascular causes, 424 deaths from cancer, and 88 deaths related to chronic kidney disease. After adjusting for multiple variables, higher SII levels were significantly and non-linearly associated with an increased risk of all-cause mortality in Quartile 4 (HR 1.74, 95% CI 1.15-2.63, P for trend = 0.043) when Quartile 1 was used as the reference group. Additionally, we identified a linear association between SII and cardiovascular mortality, with a 70% higher risk of cardiovascular mortality in Quartile 4 (HR 1.70, 95% CI 1.18-3.30, P for trend = 0.041) compared to Quartile 1. CONCLUSION Our findings indicate that SII is significantly associated with an elevated risk of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in US adults with diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
| | - Qiangfei Yang
- Jianyang City People's Hospital, Chengdu, 610040, Sichuan, China
| | - Ziyan Xie
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 610037, Sichuan, China
| | - Xi Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Hanyu Liu
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 610037, Sichuan, China
| | - Chunguang Xie
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 610037, Sichuan, China.
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