1
|
Huang IH, Lai GC, Chao TL, Liu WD, Chang SY, Chang SC. Monkeypox virus H3L protein as the target antigen for developing neutralizing antibody and serological assay. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2025; 109:80. [PMID: 40172630 PMCID: PMC11965195 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-025-13466-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2025] [Revised: 03/20/2025] [Accepted: 03/21/2025] [Indexed: 04/04/2025]
Abstract
The large number of atypical monkeypox (Mpox) cases caused by emerging monkeypox virus (MPXV) strains was recently found in countries and regions where the Mpox was not reported before. Diagnostic tools and therapeutic agents are important countermeasures for preventing Mpox outbreak. H3L protein is the important surface antigen of MPXV for binding to host cell receptors and mediating viral infection. A broad range of murine anti-MPXV H3L monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) recognizing various binding epitopes have been generated in the study. The rapid test composed of the mAbs 4-2A and 3-3F can specifically detect H3L protein and MPXV virion. The mAb 3-3F exhibited strong MPXV neutralizing activity in a complement-dependent manner. Notably, 3-3F binds to a unique epitope within residues 35-89 of H3L protein. The serum samples collected from Mpox patients barely bound to the N-terminal portion of H3L protein ranging from 2 to 89 residues, indicating that the content of the 3-3F-like antibody is very low in Mpox patient sera. In contrast, the seropositivity was mostly observed using the C-terminal portion of H3L protein ranging from 185 to 282 residues as the target antigen in the immunoblot analysis. Taken together, the anti-MPXV H3L mAb can be developed as the Mpox diagnostic and therapeutic agents. Furthermore, H3L protein is the promising biomarker for serological analysis. KEY POINTS: •Anti-H3L mAbs can cross-react with H3L proteins in MPXV and VACV virions. •The LFIA rapid test using the mAbs 4-2A and 3-3F can specifically detect MPXV. •MPXV was neutralized by mAb 3-3F in a complement-dependent manner.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Antibodies, Neutralizing/immunology
- Antibodies, Neutralizing/blood
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/immunology
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/isolation & purification
- Animals
- Antibodies, Viral/immunology
- Antibodies, Viral/blood
- Humans
- Antigens, Viral/immunology
- Monkeypox virus/immunology
- Mice
- Mpox, Monkeypox/diagnosis
- Mpox, Monkeypox/immunology
- Serologic Tests/methods
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Epitopes/immunology
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- I-Hsiang Huang
- Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, College of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 106, Taiwan
| | - Guan-Chun Lai
- Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, College of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 106, Taiwan
| | - Tai-Ling Chao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences and Medical Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 100, Taiwan
| | - Wang-Da Liu
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 100, Taiwan
- Department of Medicine, National Taiwan University Cancer Center, Taipei , 106, Taiwan
| | - Sui-Yuan Chang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences and Medical Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 100, Taiwan.
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 100, Taiwan.
| | - Shih-Chung Chang
- Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, College of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 106, Taiwan.
- Center of Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 106, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Liu WD, Chao TL, Chen KH, Sun HY, Lin KY, Chuang YC, Huang YS, Lin CY, Hsu WT, Huang CF, Li GC, Liu WC, Wu CH, Su YC, Chang LH, Lin CY, Wu PY, Chen LY, Chen YT, Luo YZ, Chang HY, Chen YC, Yao Y, Wang JT, Sheng WH, Hsieh SM, Chang SC, Chang SY, Hung CC. Short-term evolution of Mpox-specific IgG and neutralizing antibodies among individuals undergoing MVA-BN vaccination. Int J Infect Dis 2025; 153:107830. [PMID: 39894441 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2025.107830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2024] [Revised: 01/27/2025] [Accepted: 01/28/2025] [Indexed: 02/04/2025] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The data on immune responses of individuals undergoing modified vaccinia Ankara-Bavarian Nordic (MVA-BN) vaccination are scarce. We aimed to compare Mpox virus-specific antibody and neutralizing antibody responses among people with and those without HIV receiving MVA-BN vaccines. METHODS This prospective study enrolled participants undergoing two-dose MVA-BN vaccination to investigate seroresponses after vaccination. Blood samples were collected before and after each dose of vaccination for determinations of anti-A29 and anti-H3 IgG. Neutralization tests were conducted for samples tested positive for both anti-A29 and anti-H3 IgG. RESULTS Overall, 441 participants undergoing two-dose MVA-BN vaccination were enrolled. Seroconversion for anti-A29 and anti-H3 IgG, respectively, after the second dose of vaccination was 18.2% and 61.2%, 10.9% and 65.0%, and 51.6% and 90.6% among people with HIV, people without HIV, and those who had had smallpox vaccination previously, respectively. About 20% of the participants with seroconversion lost seroresponses after a 7-month period of observation. None of the serum samples from vaccinated participants demonstrated neutralizing ability. CONCLUSIONS Participants with previous smallpox vaccination had higher and more sustained antibody responses after receiving two doses of MVA-BN vaccines than those who had not undergone smallpox vaccination. More studies are warranted to assess the seroresponses to booster MVA-BN vaccination for vaccine nonresponders or those having lost seroresponses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wang-Da Liu
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Medicine, National Taiwan University Cancer Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tai-Ling Chao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences and Medical Biotechnology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Hsiang Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital Hsin-chu Branch, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Yun Sun
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Yin Lin
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chung Chuang
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Shan Huang
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Ying Lin
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital Yunlin Branch, Douliu, Yunlin County, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Ting Hsu
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital Yunlin Branch, Douliu, Yunlin County, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Fu Huang
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital Yunlin Branch, Douliu, Yunlin County, Taiwan
| | - Guei-Chi Li
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Medicine, National Taiwan University Cancer Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chun Liu
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Hsin Wu
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ching Su
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Lan-Hsin Chang
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Yi Lin
- Department of Nursing, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Ying Wu
- Center of Infection Control, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ling-Ya Chen
- Center of Infection Control, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ting Chen
- Center of Infection Control, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Zhen Luo
- Center of Infection Control, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsi-Yen Chang
- Center of Infection Control, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chun Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital Yunlin Branch, Douliu, Yunlin County, Taiwan
| | - Yi Yao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences and Medical Biotechnology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jann-Tay Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wang-Huei Sheng
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital Hsin-chu Branch, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Szu-Min Hsieh
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Chung Chang
- Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, College of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Sui-Yuan Chang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences and Medical Biotechnology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Ching Hung
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital Yunlin Branch, Douliu, Yunlin County, Taiwan; Department of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Malhotra Y, John J, Yadav D, Sharma D, Vanshika, Rawal K, Mishra V, Chaturvedi N. Advancements in protein structure prediction: A comparative overview of AlphaFold and its derivatives. Comput Biol Med 2025; 188:109842. [PMID: 39970826 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2025.109842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2024] [Revised: 02/07/2025] [Accepted: 02/10/2025] [Indexed: 02/21/2025]
Abstract
This review provides a comprehensive analysis of AlphaFold (AF) and its derivatives (AF2 and AF3) in protein structure prediction. These tools have revolutionized structural biology with their highly accurate predictions, driving progress in protein modeling, drug discovery, and the study of protein dynamics. Its exceptional accuracy has redefined our understanding of protein folding, which enables groundbreaking advancements in protein design, disease research and discusses future integration with experimental techniques. In addition, their achievement features, architectures, important case studies, and noteworthy effects in the field of biology and medicine were evaluated. In consideration of the fact that AF2 is a relatively recent innovation, it has already been taken into account in many studies that highlight its applications in many ways. Moreover, the limitations of AF2 that directed to the introduction of AF3 are also reported, which is a great improvement as it provides precise predictions of the structures and interactions of proteins, DNA, RNA, and ligands, thereby aiding in the understanding of the molecular level. Addressing current challenges and forecasting future developments, this work underscores the lasting significance of AF in reshaping the scientific landscape of protein research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuktika Malhotra
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201303, India
| | - Jerry John
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201303, India
| | - Deepika Yadav
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201303, India
| | - Deepshikha Sharma
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201303, India
| | - Vanshika
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201303, India
| | - Kamal Rawal
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201303, India
| | - Vaibhav Mishra
- Amity Institute of Microbial Technology, Amity University, Uttar Pradesh, 201303, India
| | - Navaneet Chaturvedi
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201303, India.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Yang X, Guo L, Duan H, Fan M, Xu F, Chi X, Pan S, Liu X, Zhang X, Gao P, Zhang F, Wang X, Guo F, Ge J, Ren L, Yang W. Identification of neutralizing nanobodies protecting against poxvirus infection. Cell Discov 2025; 11:31. [PMID: 40133273 PMCID: PMC11937253 DOI: 10.1038/s41421-025-00771-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2024] [Accepted: 01/05/2025] [Indexed: 03/27/2025] Open
Abstract
An outbreak of mpox has triggered concerns regarding the adequacy of intervention strategies. Passive immunity conferred by neutralizing antibodies exhibits potential in the prophylaxis and treatment of orthopoxvirus infections. Despite this, the investigations of effective antibody therapeutics have been hindered by the varied nature of orthopoxvirus envelope proteins and the intricate mechanisms underpinning viral invasion. Our study involves the production of six mpox virus (MPXV) envelope proteins, which are relatively conservative and considered to play a role in the neutralization process. We employed a synthetic nanobody (Nb) library to derive a broad array of specific Nbs against these viral proteins. We identified a cross-reactive Nb, termed M1R-01, which targets the M1R protein and effectively neutralizes both vaccinia virus (VACV) and MPXV. Notably, the M1R-01-based antibody strategy provided optimal protection against a lethal VACV challenge in mice. Additionally, we determined the crystal structure of the M1R-Nb complex, uncovering novel binding attributes of M1R-01 and detailed conformational epitope information. This work provides a promising candidate for the therapy and prophylaxis of orthopoxvirus infections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuehua Yang
- Key Laboratory of Pathogen Infection Prevention and Control (Ministry of Education), National Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens, National Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Li Guo
- Key Laboratory of Pathogen Infection Prevention and Control (Ministry of Education), National Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of System Biology of Pathogens and Christophe Mérieux Laboratory, National Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Huarui Duan
- Key Laboratory of Pathogen Infection Prevention and Control (Ministry of Education), National Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Miao Fan
- Key Laboratory of Pathogen Infection Prevention and Control (Ministry of Education), National Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Fengwen Xu
- Key Laboratory of Pathogen Infection Prevention and Control (Ministry of Education), National Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaojing Chi
- Key Laboratory of Pathogen Infection Prevention and Control (Ministry of Education), National Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens, National Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Shengnan Pan
- Key Laboratory of Pathogen Infection Prevention and Control (Ministry of Education), National Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xiuying Liu
- Key Laboratory of Pathogen Infection Prevention and Control (Ministry of Education), National Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens, National Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xinhui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Pathogen Infection Prevention and Control (Ministry of Education), National Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Peixiang Gao
- Key Laboratory of Pathogen Infection Prevention and Control (Ministry of Education), National Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Fangyuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Pathogen Infection Prevention and Control (Ministry of Education), National Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xinyi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Pathogen Infection Prevention and Control (Ministry of Education), National Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Fei Guo
- Key Laboratory of Pathogen Infection Prevention and Control (Ministry of Education), National Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jiwan Ge
- Key Laboratory of Pathogen Infection Prevention and Control (Ministry of Education), National Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
| | - Lili Ren
- Key Laboratory of Pathogen Infection Prevention and Control (Ministry of Education), National Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
- NHC Key Laboratory of System Biology of Pathogens and Christophe Mérieux Laboratory, National Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
| | - Wei Yang
- Key Laboratory of Pathogen Infection Prevention and Control (Ministry of Education), National Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
- NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens, National Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Wiedemann A, Surénaud M, Hubert M, Lopez Zaragoza JL, Ribeiro A, Rodrigues C, Foucat E, Diombera H, Krief C, Schwartz O, Lelièvre JD, Lévy Y. Characterization and comparison of immunity against MPXV for individuals infected with MPXV or vaccinated with modified vaccinia Ankara vaccines. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2025; 214:211-222. [PMID: 40073241 DOI: 10.1093/jimmun/vkae031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2024] [Accepted: 11/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2025]
Abstract
The 2022 Mpox virus (MPXV) outbreak revitalized questions about immunity against MPXV and vaccinia-based vaccines (VAC-V), but studies are limited. We analyzed immunity against MPXV in individuals infected with MPXV or vaccinated with the licensed modified vaccinia Ankara (MVA) Bavarian Nordic or an experimental MVA-HIVB vaccine. The frequency of neutralizing antibody responders was higher among MPXV-infected individuals than MVA vaccinees. Both MVA vaccines induced similar and strong humoral responses. Similarly, we show a higher frequency and magnitude (5-fold) of T cell responses, mainly mediated by CD8+ T cells, against a peptide pool containing selected sequences from MPXV, variola, and VAC-V in MPXV-infected individuals than MVA vaccinees. We describe a hierarchy of cross-reactive T cell responses against 5 peptide pools that are highly homologous between VAC-V and MPXV 2022, with the highest frequency of responders against MVA-121L and MVA-018L proteins. Both vaccines stimulated a notable frequency of polyfunctional CD4+ and CD8+ T cell responses, with a subset of CD4+ T cells showing a mixed cytokine profile. Finally, we found that smallpox vaccination in childhood positively affected humoral but not T cell vaccine responses, whereas these responses were not affected in people living with HIV. These findings contribute to deciphering and monitoring the profile of immunity to MPXV and MVA. In the context of a potential threat of the reemergence of smallpox following bioterrorism, the diversification and availability of potent vaccines is crucial. The comparable immunogenicity of both MVA vaccines emphasizes the potential utility of MVA-HIVB as a valuable new tool for controlling MPXV outbreaks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aurélie Wiedemann
- Vaccine Research Institute, Université Paris-Est Créteil, Créteil, France
- INSERM U955, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomedicale, Team Lévy, Créteil, France
| | - Mathieu Surénaud
- Vaccine Research Institute, Université Paris-Est Créteil, Créteil, France
- INSERM U955, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomedicale, Team Lévy, Créteil, France
| | - Mathieu Hubert
- Virus and Immunity Unit, CNRS UMR3569, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - José-Luis Lopez Zaragoza
- Groupe Henri-Mondor Albert-Chenevier, Service Immunologie Clinique, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Créteil, France
| | - Alexandre Ribeiro
- Vaccine Research Institute, Université Paris-Est Créteil, Créteil, France
- INSERM U955, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomedicale, Team Lévy, Créteil, France
| | - Cécile Rodrigues
- Vaccine Research Institute, Université Paris-Est Créteil, Créteil, France
- INSERM U955, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomedicale, Team Lévy, Créteil, France
| | - Emile Foucat
- Vaccine Research Institute, Université Paris-Est Créteil, Créteil, France
- INSERM U955, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomedicale, Team Lévy, Créteil, France
| | - Harouna Diombera
- Vaccine Research Institute, Université Paris-Est Créteil, Créteil, France
- Groupe Henri-Mondor Albert-Chenevier, Service Immunologie Clinique, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Créteil, France
| | - Corinne Krief
- Vaccine Research Institute, Université Paris-Est Créteil, Créteil, France
- INSERM U955, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomedicale, Team Lévy, Créteil, France
| | - Olivier Schwartz
- Vaccine Research Institute, Université Paris-Est Créteil, Créteil, France
- Virus and Immunity Unit, CNRS UMR3569, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Daniel Lelièvre
- Vaccine Research Institute, Université Paris-Est Créteil, Créteil, France
- INSERM U955, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomedicale, Team Lévy, Créteil, France
- Groupe Henri-Mondor Albert-Chenevier, Service Immunologie Clinique, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Créteil, France
| | - Yves Lévy
- Vaccine Research Institute, Université Paris-Est Créteil, Créteil, France
- INSERM U955, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomedicale, Team Lévy, Créteil, France
- Groupe Henri-Mondor Albert-Chenevier, Service Immunologie Clinique, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Créteil, France
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Dutta S, Ghosh R, Dasgupta I, Sikdar P, Santra P, Maity D, Pritam M, Lee SG. Monkeypox: A comprehensive review on mutation, transmission, pathophysiology, and therapeutics. Int Immunopharmacol 2025; 146:113813. [PMID: 39674002 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.113813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2024] [Revised: 11/13/2024] [Accepted: 12/04/2024] [Indexed: 12/16/2024]
Abstract
Monkeypox virus (MPXV) is the causative agent of the monkeypox (Mpox) disease, belongs to the Orthopoxvirus genus of the Poxviridae family. Due to the recent re-emergence of Mpox in 2024, this is the second time when the World Health Organization (WHO) declared Mpox as a Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC). This review intends to offer an in-depth analysis of Mpox, including its key characteristics, epidemiological, mutation, pathophysiology, transmission, and therapeutics. The infection of MPXV is a lethal threat to children, pregnant women, and immunocompromised individuals. However, we can prevent the infection by proper precautions including hygiene practices and minimizing exposure to infected individuals or animals. Multivalent mRNA vaccines, antibody-based immunotherapy, and combination drug therapies have all shown significant effectiveness in treating Mpox infection. In addition to addressing antivirals and drug resistance, the review also explores potential targets for vaccine and drug development, as well as the use of animal models for studying MPXV. Because of multiple mutational events, Mpox began exhibiting drug resistance. Overall, this review will contribute significantly to advancing the development of new vaccines and drug options for combating emerging Mpox.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Somenath Dutta
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan, South Korea; Department of Bioinformatics, Pondicherry Central University, Puducherry, India
| | - Rohan Ghosh
- Department of Bioinformatics, Pondicherry Central University, Puducherry, India; Department of Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ishita Dasgupta
- Department of Bioinformatics, Pondicherry Central University, Puducherry, India; Centre for Inflammation Research, Institute for Regeneration and Repair, University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Purbita Sikdar
- Department of Bioinformatics, Pondicherry Central University, Puducherry, India
| | - Priyasa Santra
- Department of Bioinformatics, Pondicherry Central University, Puducherry, India
| | - Debjit Maity
- School of Medical Science & Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, India
| | - Manisha Pritam
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Lucknow Campus, Lucknow 226028, India; Laboratory of Malaria Immunology and Vaccinology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States.
| | - Sun Gu Lee
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan, South Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Liang CY, Chao TL, Chao CS, Liu WD, Cheng YC, Chang SY, Chang SC. Monkeypox virus A29L protein as the target for specific diagnosis and serological analysis. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 108:522. [PMID: 39570405 PMCID: PMC11582270 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-024-13361-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2024] [Revised: 08/30/2024] [Accepted: 11/12/2024] [Indexed: 11/22/2024]
Abstract
The unexpected monkeypox (Mpox) outbreak has been reported in many non-endemic countries and regions since May 2022. The mutant strains of Mpox virus (MPXV) were found with higher infectivity and greater capability for sustained human-to-human transmission, posing a significant public health threat. MPXV A29L, a protein homolog of vaccinia virus (VACV) A27L, plays an important role in viral attachment to host cell membranes. Therefore, MPXV A29L is considered the diagnostic target and the potential vaccine candidate for eliciting neutralizing antibodies and protective immune responses. In response to the escalating Mpox outbreak, three monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) (2-9B, 3-8G, and 2-5H) targeting the different domains of MPXV A29L have been developed in the study. Among them, 2-5H is highly specific for MPXV A29L without exhibiting cross-reactivity with VACV A27L. The antibody pairing composed of 2-5H and 3-8G has been developed as the lateral flow immunochromatographic assay for specific detection of MPXV A29L. However, these three mAbs were unable to inhibit A29L binding to heparin column or prevent MPXV infection in the neutralization test assays. The results of the serological assays using the truncated A29L fragments as the antigens showed that the Mpox patient sera contained significantly lower levels of antibodies targeting the N-terminal 1-34 residues of A29L, suggesting that the N-terminal portion of A29L is less immunogenic upon natural infection. KEY POINTS: • MAbs 2-9B, 3-8G, and 2-5H neither interrupted A29L binding to heparin nor neutralized MPXV. • The LFIA composed of 3-8G and 2-5H can specifically distinguish MPXV A29L from VACV A27L. • Mpox patient sera contained lower levels of antibodies targeting the N-terminal portion of A29L.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Yu Liang
- Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, College of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 106, Taiwan
| | - Tai-Ling Chao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences and Medical Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 100, Taiwan
| | - Chong-Syun Chao
- Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, College of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 106, Taiwan
| | - Wang-Da Liu
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 100, Taiwan
- Department of Medicine, National Taiwan University Cancer Center, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chen Cheng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences and Medical Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 100, Taiwan
| | - Sui-Yuan Chang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences and Medical Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 100, Taiwan.
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 100, Taiwan.
| | - Shih-Chung Chang
- Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, College of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 106, Taiwan.
- Center of Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 106, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Dülek Ö, Mutlu G, Koçkaya ES, Can H, Karakavuk M, Değirmenci Döşkaya A, Gürüz AY, Döşkaya M, Ün C. Computational identification of monkeypox virus epitopes to generate a novel vaccine antigen against Mpox. Biologicals 2024; 88:101798. [PMID: 39471737 DOI: 10.1016/j.biologicals.2024.101798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2024] [Revised: 09/12/2024] [Accepted: 10/16/2024] [Indexed: 11/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Monkeypox virus (MPXV) belonging to poxviridae family causes chronic viral disease in various mammals including human and monkeys. Conventional vaccines developed against smallpox of poxviridae, are not specific against Mpox. Also, they can cause various side effects after vaccination. In this study, we aimed to analyze the A17L, A28L, A37R, A43R, E8L, H3L, B6R, and M1R structural proteins of MPXV and identify epitopes in them which can be used to generate vaccine antigens. Among the proteins analyzed, the M1R protein was predicted to be more appropriate for use in vaccine research due to its high antigenicity value and other physicochemical features. Also, A17L, B6R and E8L had high antigenicity values. E8L protein was more conserved while the A37R, A43R, and B6R proteins had signal peptides. Although a total of eight B cell epitopes were predicted in all proteins analyzed, CNGETK epitope belonging to B6R protein had the highest antigenicity value (1.7083), as well as was non-allergenic, non-toxic, and soluble. Based on T cell epitope analyses performed on all proteins, fourteen MHC-I/II epitopes were predicted that are antigenic, non-allergenic and non-toxic, as well as soluble. Among them, MHC-I related-HEIYDRNVGF epitope in A28L protein had the highest antigenicity value (1.6650) and MHC-II related-IGNIKIVQIDIRDIK epitope in A37R protein had the highest antigenicity value (2.0280). In conclusion, eight structural proteins of MPXV were successfully analyzed and 22 important epitopes were identified that could serve as vaccine antigens or in serological studies to develop diagnostic tools.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Özge Dülek
- Ege University Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Molecular Biology Section, İzmir, Turkiye
| | - Gizem Mutlu
- Ege University Institute of Health Sciences, Department of Vaccine Studies, İzmir, Turkiye; Ege University Vaccine Development Application and Research Center, İzmir, Turkiye
| | - Ecem Su Koçkaya
- Ege University Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Molecular Biology Section, İzmir, Turkiye
| | - Hüseyin Can
- Ege University Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Molecular Biology Section, İzmir, Turkiye; Ege University Institute of Health Sciences, Department of Vaccine Studies, İzmir, Turkiye; Ege University Vaccine Development Application and Research Center, İzmir, Turkiye.
| | - Muhammet Karakavuk
- Ege University Institute of Health Sciences, Department of Vaccine Studies, İzmir, Turkiye; Ege University Vaccine Development Application and Research Center, İzmir, Turkiye; Ege University Ödemiş Vocational School, İzmir, Turkiye
| | - Aysu Değirmenci Döşkaya
- Ege University Institute of Health Sciences, Department of Vaccine Studies, İzmir, Turkiye; Ege University Vaccine Development Application and Research Center, İzmir, Turkiye; Ege University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Parasitology, İzmir, Turkiye
| | - Adnan Yüksel Gürüz
- Ege University Institute of Health Sciences, Department of Vaccine Studies, İzmir, Turkiye; Ege University Vaccine Development Application and Research Center, İzmir, Turkiye; Ege University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Parasitology, İzmir, Turkiye
| | - Mert Döşkaya
- Ege University Institute of Health Sciences, Department of Vaccine Studies, İzmir, Turkiye; Ege University Vaccine Development Application and Research Center, İzmir, Turkiye; Ege University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Parasitology, İzmir, Turkiye
| | - Cemal Ün
- Ege University Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Molecular Biology Section, İzmir, Turkiye; Ege University Institute of Health Sciences, Department of Vaccine Studies, İzmir, Turkiye; Ege University Vaccine Development Application and Research Center, İzmir, Turkiye
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Melendez JA, Sun H, Bonner J, Chen Q. Characterization of a plant-derived monoclonal antibody targeting extracellular enveloped virions of Monkeypox virus. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1481452. [PMID: 39554528 PMCID: PMC11563991 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1481452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2024] [Accepted: 10/10/2024] [Indexed: 11/19/2024]
Abstract
In 2022, the global outbreak of monkeypox virus (MPXV) with increased human-to-human transmission triggered urgent public health interventions. Plant-derived monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) are being explored as potential therapeutic strategies due to their diverse mechanisms of antiviral activity. MPXV produces two key infectious particles: the mature virion (MV) and the extracellular enveloped virion (EV), both essential for infection and spread. Effective therapies must target both to halt replication and transmission. Our prior research demonstrated the development of a potent neutralizing mAb against MPXV MV. This study focuses on developing a plant-derived mAb targeting MPXV EV, which is critical for viral dissemination within the host and generally resistant to antibody neutralization. Our findings reveal that the mAb (H2) can be robustly produced in Nicotiana benthamiana plants via transient expression. The plant-made H2 mAb effectively targets MPXV EV by binding specifically to the A35 MPXV antigen. Importantly, H2 mAb shows notable neutralizing activity against the infectious MPXV EV particle. This investigation is the first to report the development of a plant-derived anti-EV mAb for MPXV prevention and treatment, as well as the first demonstration of anti-MPXV EV activity by an mAb across any production platform. It highlights the potential of plant-produced mAbs as therapeutics for emerging infectious diseases, including the MPXV outbreak.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer A Melendez
- Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, United States
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, United States
| | - Haiyan Sun
- Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, United States
| | - James Bonner
- Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, United States
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, United States
| | - Qiang Chen
- Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, United States
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, United States
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Chakravarty N, Hemani D, Paravastu R, Ahmad Z, Palani SN, Arumugaswami V, Kumar A. Mpox Virus and its ocular surface manifestations. Ocul Surf 2024; 34:108-121. [PMID: 38972544 PMCID: PMC11625629 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtos.2024.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024]
Abstract
The Mpox virus (MPXV) is the causative agent of human Mpox disease - a debilitating rash illness similar to smallpox. Although Clade I MPXV has remained endemic to West and Central Africa, Clade II MPXV has been responsible for many outbreaks worldwide. The most recent outbreak in 2022 resulted from the rapid spread of a new clade of MPXV, classified into Clade IIb - a distinct lineage from the previously circulating viral strains. The rapid spread and increased severity of Mpox disease by the Clade IIb strain have raised the serious public health imperative of better understanding the host and viral determinants during MPXV infection. In addition to typical skin rashes, including in the periorbital area, MPXV causes moderate to severe ophthalmic manifestations - most commonly, ocular surface complications (e.g., keratitis, conjunctivitis, blepharitis). While ocular manifestations of Clade I Mpox within the Congo basin have been well-reported, global incidence trends of ocular Mpox cases by Clade IIb are still emerging. Given the demonstrated ability of all MPXV strains to auto-inoculate ocular tissue, alongside the enhanced transmissibility of the Clade IIb virus, there is an urgent need to elucidate the mechanisms by which MPXV causes ocular anomalies. In this review, we discuss the viral and genomic structures of MPXV, the epidemiology, and pathology of systemic and ocular Mpox, as well as potential prophylactic and therapeutic interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nikhil Chakravarty
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA; School of Medicine, California University of Science and Medicine, Colton, CA, USA
| | - Darshi Hemani
- Department of Ophthalmology, Visual and Anatomical Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Ramya Paravastu
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Zeeshan Ahmad
- Department of Ophthalmology, Visual and Anatomical Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Sankara Naynar Palani
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Vaithilingaraja Arumugaswami
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA; California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| | - Ashok Kumar
- Department of Ophthalmology, Visual and Anatomical Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Liu W, Zhang E, Li W, Lv R, Lin Y, Xu Y, Li J, Lai Y, Jiang Y, Lin S, Wang X, Zhou P, Song Y, Shen W, Sun Y, Li Y. Advances and challenges of mpox detection technology. BIOSAFETY AND HEALTH 2024; 6:260-269. [PMID: 40078738 PMCID: PMC11895016 DOI: 10.1016/j.bsheal.2024.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2024] [Revised: 09/05/2024] [Accepted: 09/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2025] Open
Abstract
Mpox is a zoonotic disease caused by the monkeypox virus (MPXV). Diagnosing and treating the disease has become a global health concern requiring close attention to its spread to non-endemic regions. Clinical diagnosis is based on laboratory test results. Conventional detection techniques include real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), genome sequencing, antigen and antibody identification, and virus isolation. Nevertheless, these methods fall short of rapidly and efficiently identifying MPXV, as they require specialized training, specific laboratory environments, and professional-grade equipment. Emerging technologies offer complementary advantages to meet diverse diagnostic needs, including various point-of-care testing (POCT) approaches and integrating biosensors with rapid detection techniques. This review discusses prospective future research avenues for MPXV detection, examining the advances and challenges of various detection techniques which may contribute to the ongoing elimination of mpox human-to-human transmission and serves as a reference for developing effective prevention and control strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Liu
- Nanjing Bioengineering (Gene) Technology Center for Medicines, Nanjing 210002, China
| | - Erxin Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Wei Li
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Ruichen Lv
- Nanjing Bioengineering (Gene) Technology Center for Medicines, Nanjing 210002, China
| | - Yanfeng Lin
- Nanjing Bioengineering (Gene) Technology Center for Medicines, Nanjing 210002, China
| | - Yingjia Xu
- Nanjing Bioengineering (Gene) Technology Center for Medicines, Nanjing 210002, China
| | - Jiameng Li
- Nanjing Bioengineering (Gene) Technology Center for Medicines, Nanjing 210002, China
| | - Yuzhen Lai
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Yuxin Jiang
- School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211100, China
| | - Sijia Lin
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Xueqin Wang
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Peize Zhou
- School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Yue Song
- School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211100, China
| | - Wanpeng Shen
- Nanjing Bioengineering (Gene) Technology Center for Medicines, Nanjing 210002, China
| | - Yiqian Sun
- Nanjing Bioengineering (Gene) Technology Center for Medicines, Nanjing 210002, China
| | - Yuexi Li
- Nanjing Bioengineering (Gene) Technology Center for Medicines, Nanjing 210002, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Hou R, Jiang Q, Cheng M, Dai J, Yang H, Yuan J, Li X, Tang X, Yu H. Identification of neutralizing antibodies against monkeypox virus using high-throughput sequencing of A35 +H3L +B cells from patients with convalescent monkeypox. Virus Res 2024; 347:199437. [PMID: 39002567 PMCID: PMC11445390 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2024.199437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2024] [Revised: 06/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/15/2024]
Abstract
The global monkeypox virus (MPXV) outbreak in 2022 emphasizes the urgent need for effective and accessible new-generation vaccines and neutralizing antibodies. Herein, we identified MPXV-neutralizing antibodies using high-throughput single-cell RNA and V(D)J sequencing of antigen-sorted B cells from patients with convalescent monkeypox. IgG1-expressing B cells were obtained from 34 paired heavy- and light-chain B cell receptor sequences. Subsequently, three potent neutralizing antibodies, MV127, MV128, and MV129, were identified and reacted with the MPXV A35 protein. Among these, MV129, which has a half-maximal inhibitory concentration of 2.68μg/mL against authentic MPXV, was considered to be the putative candidates for MPXV neutralization in response to monkeypox disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruitian Hou
- Institute of Infectious Diseases, Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510440, China.; Guangzhou National Laboratory, No. 9 XingDaoHuanBei Road, Guangzhou International Bio Island, Guangzhou 510005, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Qiwei Jiang
- Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130122, China
| | - Meiling Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics and Molecular Imaging, Center for Artificial Intelligence Biology, Department of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China.; Guangzhou National Laboratory, No. 9 XingDaoHuanBei Road, Guangzhou International Bio Island, Guangzhou 510005, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jun Dai
- Institute of Infectious Diseases, Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510440, China
| | - Huiqin Yang
- Institute of Infectious Diseases, Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510440, China
| | - Jiao Yuan
- Guangzhou National Laboratory, No. 9 XingDaoHuanBei Road, Guangzhou International Bio Island, Guangzhou 510005, Guangdong Province, China.; GMU-GIBH Joint School of Life Sciences, The Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Laboratory for Cell Fate Regulation and Diseases, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Xiao Li
- Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130122, China
| | - Xiaoping Tang
- Institute of Infectious Diseases, Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510440, China..
| | - Haisheng Yu
- Institute of Infectious Diseases, Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510440, China..
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Moraes-Cardoso I, Benet S, Carabelli J, Perez-Zsolt D, Mendoza A, Rivero A, Alemany A, Descalzo V, Alarcón-Soto Y, Grifoni A, Sette A, Moltó J, Marc A, Marks M, Mitjà O, Brander C, Paredes R, Izquierdo-Useros N, Carrillo J, Suñer C, Olvera A, Mothe B. Immune responses associated with mpox viral clearance in men with and without HIV in Spain: a multisite, observational, prospective cohort study. THE LANCET. MICROBE 2024; 5:100859. [PMID: 38857615 DOI: 10.1016/s2666-5247(24)00074-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Since the emergence of the global mpox outbreak in May, 2022, more than 90 000 cases have been diagnosed across 110 countries, disproportionately affecting people with HIV. The durability of mpox-specific immunity is unclear and reinfections have been reported. We aimed to compare mpox immune responses up to 6 months after diagnosis in participants with and without HIV and assess their effect on disease severity and viral clearance dynamics. METHODS This study was embedded within a prospective, observational, multicentre cohort study of viral clearance dynamics among people with mpox in Spain (MoViE). We included women and men aged 18 years or older, who had signs of mpox, and reported having symptom onset within the previous 10 days at the moment of mpox diagnosis from three sex clinics of the Barcelona metropolitan area. Samples from skin ulcers were collected weekly to estimate the time to clear monkeypox virus (MPXV) from skin lesions. Blood samples were taken at diagnosis, 29, 91, and 182 days later for immune analysis. This included quantifying IgG and IgA against three mpox antigens by ELISA, evaluating in-vitro neutralisation, and characterising mpox-specific T-cell responses using interferon γ detecting enzyme-linked immunospot (ELISpot) assay and multiparametric flow cytometry. FINDINGS Of the 77 originally enrolled participants, we included 33 participants recruited between July 19, and Oct 6, 2022. Participants without HIV (19 [58%] participants) and participants with HIV (14 [42%] participants) had similar clinical severity and time to MPXV clearance in skin lesions. Participants with HIV had a CD4+ T-cell count median of 777 cells per μL (IQR 484-1533), and 11 (78%) of 14 were virally suppressed on antiretroviral therapy. Nine (27%) of 33 participants were age 49 years or older. 15 (45%) of 33 participants were originally from Spain, and all participants were men. Early humoral responses, particularly concentrations and breadth of IgG and IgA, were associated with milder disease and faster viral clearance. Orthopoxvirus-specific T cells count was also positively correlated with MPXV clearance. Antibody titres declined more rapidly in participants with HIV, but T-cell responses against MPXV were sustained up to day 182 after diagnosis, regardless of HIV status. INTERPRETATION Higher breadth and magnitude of B-cell and T-cell responses are important in facilitating local viral clearance, limiting mpox dissemination, and reducing disease severity in individuals with preserved immune system. Antibodies appear to contribute to early viral control and T-cell responses are sustained over time, which might contribute to milder presentations during reinfection. FUNDING Fundació Lluita contra les Infeccions, IrsiCaixa, and Consorcio Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación e Universidades.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Igor Moraes-Cardoso
- IrsiCaixa, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Cellular Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biosciences, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Susana Benet
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Germans Trias I Pujol, Badalona, Spain; Fundació Lluita contra les infeccions, Hospital Germans Trias I Pujol, Badalona, Spain
| | | | | | - Adrià Mendoza
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Germans Trias I Pujol, Badalona, Spain; Fundació Lluita contra les infeccions, Hospital Germans Trias I Pujol, Badalona, Spain; BCNCheckpoint-Projecte dels Noms, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Angel Rivero
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Germans Trias I Pujol, Badalona, Spain; Fundació Lluita contra les infeccions, Hospital Germans Trias I Pujol, Badalona, Spain; BCNCheckpoint-Projecte dels Noms, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Andrea Alemany
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Germans Trias I Pujol, Badalona, Spain; Fundació Lluita contra les infeccions, Hospital Germans Trias I Pujol, Badalona, Spain
| | - Vicente Descalzo
- Drassanes Vall d'Hebron Centre for International Health and Infectious Diseases, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Alba Grifoni
- Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA; Department of Pathology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Alessandro Sette
- Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA; Department of Pathology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - José Moltó
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Germans Trias I Pujol, Badalona, Spain; Fundació Lluita contra les infeccions, Hospital Germans Trias I Pujol, Badalona, Spain; CIBERINFEC, Madrid, Spain; Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Can Ruti Campus, Badalona, Spain
| | | | - Michael Marks
- Clinical Research Department, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK; Hospital for Tropical Diseases and Division of Infection & Immunity, University College London Hospital, London, UK
| | - Oriol Mitjà
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Germans Trias I Pujol, Badalona, Spain; Fundació Lluita contra les infeccions, Hospital Germans Trias I Pujol, Badalona, Spain; Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunity, University of Vic-Central University of Catalonia, Vic, Spain; Disease Control and Surveillance Branch, National Department of Health, Port Moresby, Papua New Guinea; Department of Paediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology, and Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Can Ruti Campus, Badalona, Spain
| | - Christian Brander
- IrsiCaixa, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain; CIBERINFEC, Madrid, Spain; Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunity, University of Vic-Central University of Catalonia, Vic, Spain; Institución Catalana de Investigación y Estudios Avanzados (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Roger Paredes
- IrsiCaixa, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Cellular Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biosciences, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Germans Trias I Pujol, Badalona, Spain; Fundació Lluita contra les infeccions, Hospital Germans Trias I Pujol, Badalona, Spain; CIBERINFEC, Madrid, Spain; Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunity, University of Vic-Central University of Catalonia, Vic, Spain; Department of Pathology, Center for Global Health and Diseases, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | | | - Jorge Carrillo
- IrsiCaixa, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain; CIBERINFEC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Clara Suñer
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Germans Trias I Pujol, Badalona, Spain; Fundació Lluita contra les infeccions, Hospital Germans Trias I Pujol, Badalona, Spain; Department of Paediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology, and Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Alex Olvera
- IrsiCaixa, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain; CIBERINFEC, Madrid, Spain; Biosciences Department, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of Vic-Central University of Catalonia, Vic, Spain
| | - Beatriz Mothe
- IrsiCaixa, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Germans Trias I Pujol, Badalona, Spain; Fundació Lluita contra les infeccions, Hospital Germans Trias I Pujol, Badalona, Spain; CIBERINFEC, Madrid, Spain; Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunity, University of Vic-Central University of Catalonia, Vic, Spain; Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Can Ruti Campus, Badalona, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Sagdat K, Batyrkhan A, Kanayeva D. Exploring monkeypox virus proteins and rapid detection techniques. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2024; 14:1414224. [PMID: 38863833 PMCID: PMC11165096 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1414224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Monkeypox (mpox) is an infectious disease caused by the mpox virus and can potentially lead to fatal outcomes. It resembles infections caused by viruses from other families, challenging identification. The pathogenesis, transmission, and clinical manifestations of mpox and other Orthopoxvirus species are similar due to their closely related genetic material. This review provides a comprehensive discussion of the roles of various proteins, including extracellular enveloped virus (EEV), intracellular mature virus (IMV), and profilin-like proteins of mpox. It also highlights recent diagnostic techniques based on these proteins to detect this infection rapidly.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Damira Kanayeva
- Department of Biology, School of Sciences and Humanities, Nazarbayev University, Astana, Kazakhstan
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Fantin RF, Coelho CH. Human antibody responses to circulating monkeypox virus emphasise the need for the first mpox-specific vaccine. THE LANCET. MICROBE 2024; 5:e204-e205. [PMID: 38219760 DOI: 10.1016/s2666-5247(23)00365-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Raianna F Fantin
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Center for Vaccine Research and Pandemic Preparedness, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Camila H Coelho
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Center for Vaccine Research and Pandemic Preparedness, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Immunology Precision Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Thornhill JP, Gandhi M, Orkin C. Mpox: The Reemergence of an Old Disease and Inequities. Annu Rev Med 2024; 75:159-175. [PMID: 37788486 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-med-080122-030714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
Mpox, previously known as monkeypox, is caused by an Orthopoxvirus related to the variola virus that causes smallpox. Prior to 2022, mpox was considered a zoonotic disease endemic to central and west Africa. Since May 2022, more than 86,000 cases of mpox from 110 countries have been identified across the world, predominantly in men who have sex with men, most often acquired through close physical contact or during sexual activity. The classical clinical presentation of mpox is a prodrome including fever, lethargy, and lymphadenopathy followed by a characteristic vesiculopustular rash. The recent 2022 outbreak included novel presentations of mpox with a predominance of anogenital lesions, mucosal lesions, and other features such as anorectal pain, proctitis, oropharyngeal lesions, tonsillitis, and multiphasic skin lesions. We describe the demographics and clinical spectrum of classical and novel mpox, outlining the potential complications and management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J P Thornhill
- SHARE Research Collaborative, The Blizard Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom;
| | - M Gandhi
- Division of HIV, Infectious Diseases, and Global Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - C Orkin
- SHARE Research Collaborative, The Blizard Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom;
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Meng N, Cheng X, Sun M, Zhang Y, Sun X, Liu X, Chen J. Screening, Expression and Identification of Nanobody Against Monkeypox Virus A35R. Int J Nanomedicine 2023; 18:7173-7181. [PMID: 38076734 PMCID: PMC10710180 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s431619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The monkeypox (Mpox) virus epidemic presents a significant risk to global public health security. A35R, a crucial constituent of EEV, plays a pivotal role in virus transmission, serves as a vital target for vaccine development, and has potential for serological detection. Currently, there is a dearth of research on nanobodies targeting A35R. The purpose of this study is to identify specific nanobodies target A35R, so as to provide new antibody candidates for Mpox vaccine development and diagnostic kit development. Methods Three nanobodies specific to the monkeypox virus protein A35R were screened from a naïve phage display library. After four rounds of panning, positive phage clones were identified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Further, the nanobody fusion protein was constructed in pNFCG1-IgG1-Fc vector and expressed in HEK293F cells and purified by affinity chromatography. The specificity and affinity of the nanobodies were identified by ELISA. The binding kinetics of the VHH antibody to A35R were assessed via employment of a bio-layer interferometry (BLI) apparatus, thereby determining the nanobodies affinity. Results The three purified nanobodies showed specific high-affinity binding MPXV A35R, of them, VHH-1 had the best antigen binding affinity (EC50 = 0.010 ug/mL). In addition, VHH-1 on Protein A biosensor can bind Mpox virus A35R, with an affinity constant of 54 nM as determined in BLI assay. Conclusion In sum, we has obtained three nanobody strains against Mpox virus A35R with significant affinity and specificity, therefore laying an essential foundation for further research as well as the applications of diagnostic and therapeutic tools of Mpox virus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ni Meng
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology; Hebei Anti-Tumor Molecular Target Technology Innovation Center; Hebei Research Center of the Basic Discipline of Cell Biology; College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, 050024, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaolong Cheng
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology; Hebei Anti-Tumor Molecular Target Technology Innovation Center; Hebei Research Center of the Basic Discipline of Cell Biology; College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, 050024, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mengyao Sun
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology; Hebei Anti-Tumor Molecular Target Technology Innovation Center; Hebei Research Center of the Basic Discipline of Cell Biology; College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, 050024, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yushan Zhang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology; Hebei Anti-Tumor Molecular Target Technology Innovation Center; Hebei Research Center of the Basic Discipline of Cell Biology; College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, 050024, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xueke Sun
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology; Hebei Anti-Tumor Molecular Target Technology Innovation Center; Hebei Research Center of the Basic Discipline of Cell Biology; College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, 050024, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xifu Liu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology; Hebei Anti-Tumor Molecular Target Technology Innovation Center; Hebei Research Center of the Basic Discipline of Cell Biology; College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, 050024, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jing Chen
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology; Hebei Anti-Tumor Molecular Target Technology Innovation Center; Hebei Research Center of the Basic Discipline of Cell Biology; College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, 050024, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Kupritz J, Pahwa S, Pallikkuth S. Serosurvey of Immunity to Monkeypox (Mpox) Virus Antigens in People Living with HIV in South Florida. Pathogens 2023; 12:1355. [PMID: 38003819 PMCID: PMC10675141 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12111355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Mpox is an infectious disease caused by the monkeypox virus (MPXV) belonging to the Orthopoxvirus (OPXV) genus, which includes smallpox and vaccinia virus (VACV). A global mpox outbreak which began in May 2022 has infected more than 88,000 people. VACV-based vaccines provide protection against mpox disease but complicate the use of serological assays for disease surveillance. We tested the reactivity of serum IgG from Modified Vaccinia Ankara-Bavarian Nordic (MVA-BN)-vaccinated (n = 12) and convalescent mpox-infected (n = 5) individuals and uninfected, non-vaccinated controls (n = 32) to MPXV/VACV proteins A27, A29, A30, A35, B16, B21, C19, D6, E8, H3, I1, and L1. Using a subset of MPXV antigen-based assays (A35, B16, E8, H3, and I1), we conducted a mpox antibody survey of serum from 214 individuals, including 117 (54.7%) people with HIV (PWH) collected between June 2022 and January 2023, excluding individuals who reported recent mpox vaccination or infection, and 32 young, pre-pandemic controls. The convalescent sera reacted strongly to most tested antigens. Vaccine sera responses were limited to A35, E8, H3, and I1. IgG antibody to E8 was markedly elevated in all vaccinated individuals. B16 IgG showed high sensitivity (100% [95% CI: 56.55-100.0%]) and specificity (91.67% [64.61-99.57%]) for distinguishing infection from MVA-BN vaccination, while E8 IgG showed 100% [75.75-100] sensitivity and 100% [79.61-100] specificity for detecting and distinguishing vaccinated individuals from controls. We identified 11/214 (5.1%) recent serum samples and 1/32 (3.1%) young, pre-pandemic controls that were seropositive for ≥2 MPXV antibodies, including 6.8% of PWH. Seropositivity was 10/129 (7.8%) among males compared to 1/85 (1.2%) among females. Our findings provide insight into the humoral immune response to mpox and demonstrate the usefulness of inexpensive, antigen-based serosurveillance in identifying asymptomatic or unreported infections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Suresh Pallikkuth
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA; (J.K.); (S.P.)
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Aggarwal S, Agarwal P, Nigam K, Vijay N, Yadav P, Gupta N. Mapping the Landscape of Health Research Priorities for Effective Pandemic Preparedness in Human Mpox Virus Disease. Pathogens 2023; 12:1352. [PMID: 38003816 PMCID: PMC10674790 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12111352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The global re-emergence of monkeypox (Mpox) in non-endemic regions in 2022 has highlighted the critical importance of timely virus detection and robust public health surveillance in assessing outbreaks and their impact. Despite significant Mpox research being conducted worldwide, there is an urgent need to identify knowledge gaps and prioritize key research areas in order to create a roadmap that maximizes the utilization of available resources. The present research article provides a comprehensive mapping of health research priorities aimed at advancing our understanding of Mpox and developing effective interventions for managing its outbreaks, and, as evidenced by the fact that achieving this objective requires close interdisciplinary collaboration. The key research priorities observed were identifying variants responsible for outbreaks; discovering novel biomarkers for diagnostics; establishing suitable animal models; investigating reservoirs and transmission routes; promoting the One Health approach; identifying targets for vaccination; gaining insight into the attitudes, experiences, and practices of key communities, including stigma; and ensuring equity during public health emergencies. The findings of this study hold significant implications for decision making by multilateral partners, including research funders, public health practitioners, policy makers, clinicians, and civil society, which will facilitate the development of a comprehensive plan not only for Mpox but also for other similar life-threatening viral infections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sumit Aggarwal
- Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi 110029, India; (S.A.)
| | - Pragati Agarwal
- Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi 110029, India; (S.A.)
| | - Kuldeep Nigam
- Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi 110029, India; (S.A.)
| | - Neetu Vijay
- Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi 110029, India; (S.A.)
| | - Pragya Yadav
- ICMR-National Institute of Virology, Pune 411001, India
| | - Nivedita Gupta
- Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi 110029, India; (S.A.)
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Cohn H, Bloom N, Cai G, Clark JJ, Tarke A, Bermúdez-González MC, Altman DR, Lugo LA, Lobo FP, Marquez S, PVI study group, Chen JQ, Ren W, Qin L, Yates JL, Hunt DT, Lee WT, Crotty S, Krammer F, Grifoni A, Sette A, Simon V, Coelho CH. Mpox vaccine and infection-driven human immune signatures: an immunological analysis of an observational study. THE LANCET. INFECTIOUS DISEASES 2023; 23:1302-1312. [PMID: 37475115 PMCID: PMC10826035 DOI: 10.1016/s1473-3099(23)00352-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Monkeypox virus has recently infected more than 88 000 people, raising concerns about our preparedness against this emerging viral pathogen. Licensed and approved for mpox, the JYNNEOS vaccine has fewer side-effects than previous smallpox vaccines and has shown immunogenicity against monkeypox in animal models. This study aims to elucidate human immune responses to JYNNEOS vaccination compared with mpox-induced immunity. METHODS Peripheral blood mononuclear cells and sera were obtained from ten individuals vaccinated with one or two doses of JYNNEOS and six individuals diagnosed with monkeypox virus infection. Samples were obtained from seven individuals before vaccination to serve as a baseline. We examined the polyclonal serum (ELISA) and single B-cell (heavy chain gene and transcriptome data) antibody repertoires and T-cell responses (activation-induced marker and intracellular cytokine staining assays) induced by the JYNNEOS vaccine versus monkeypox virus infection. FINDINGS All participants were men between the ages of 21 and 60 years, except for one woman in the group of mpox-convalescent individuals, and none had previous orthopoxvirus exposure. All mpox cases were mild. Vaccinee samples were collected 6-33 days after the first dose and 5-40 days after the second dose. Mpox-convalescent samples were collected 20-102 days after infection. In vaccine recipients, gene-level plasmablast and antibody responses were negligible and sera displayed moderate binding to recombinant orthopoxviral proteins (A29L, A35R, E8L, A30L, A27L, A33R, B18R, and L1R) and native proteins from the 2022 monkeypox outbreak strain. By contrast, recent monkeypox virus infection (within 20-102 days) induced robust serum antibody responses to monkeypox virus proteins and to native monkeypox virus proteins from a viral isolate obtained during the 2022 outbreak. JYNNEOS vaccine recipients presented robust orthopoxviral CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell responses. INTERPRETATION Infection with monkeypox virus resulted in robust B-cell and T-cell responses, whereas immunisation with JYNNEOS elicited more robust T-cell responses. These data can help to inform vaccine design and policies for preventing mpox in humans. FUNDING National Cancer Institute (National Institutes of Health), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (National Institutes of Health), and Icahn School of Medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hallie Cohn
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Center for Vaccine Research and Pandemic Preparedness, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York, NY, USA
| | - Nathaniel Bloom
- Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Gianna Cai
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Center for Vaccine Research and Pandemic Preparedness, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York, NY, USA
| | - Jordan J. Clark
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Center for Vaccine Research and Pandemic Preparedness, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York, NY, USA
| | - Alison Tarke
- Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Maria C. Bermúdez-González
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Center for Vaccine Research and Pandemic Preparedness, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York, NY, USA
| | - Deena R. Altman
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Luz Amarilis Lugo
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Francisco Pereira Lobo
- Department of Genetics, Ecology and Evolution, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Susanna Marquez
- Doctoral Program in Design, Manufacture, and Management of Industrial Projects, Universitat Politècnica de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - PVI study group
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Center for Vaccine Research and Pandemic Preparedness, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York, NY, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Jennifer L. Yates
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, NY, USA
- Biomedical Sciences, The School of Public Health, The University at Albany, Albany, NY
| | - Danielle T. Hunt
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, NY, USA
| | - William T. Lee
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, NY, USA
- Biomedical Sciences, The School of Public Health, The University at Albany, Albany, NY
| | - Shane Crotty
- Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Florian Krammer
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Center for Vaccine Research and Pandemic Preparedness, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York, NY, USA
- Department of Pathology, Molecular and Cell-Based Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Alba Grifoni
- Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Alessandro Sette
- Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Viviana Simon
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Center for Vaccine Research and Pandemic Preparedness, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York, NY, USA
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Pathology, Molecular and Cell-Based Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- The Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Camila H. Coelho
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Center for Vaccine Research and Pandemic Preparedness, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York, NY, USA
- Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Ren Q, Jiang L, Ma S, Li T, Zhu Y, Qiu R, Xing Y, Yin F, Li Z, Ye X, Zhang Y, Zhang M. Multi-Body Biomarker Entrapment System: An All-Encompassing Tool for Ultrasensitive Disease Diagnosis and Epidemic Screening. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2304119. [PMID: 37486783 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202304119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
Ultrasensitive identification of biomarkers in biofluids is essential for the precise diagnosis of diseases. For the gold standard approaches, polymerase chain reaction and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, cumbersome operational steps hinder their point-of-care applications. Here, a bionic biomarker entrapment system (BioES) is implemented, which employs a multi-body Y-shaped tetrahedral DNA probe immobilized on carbon nanotube transistors. Clinical identification of endometriosis is successfully realized by detecting an estrogen receptor, ERβ, from the lesion tissue of endometriosis patients and establishing a standard diagnosis procedure. The multi-body Y-shaped BioES achieves a theoretical limit of detection (LoD) of 6.74 aM and a limit of quantification of 141 aM in a complex protein milieu. Furthermore, the BioES is optimized into a multi-site recognition module for enhanced binding efficiency, realizing the first identification of monkeypox virus antigen A35R and unamplified detection of circulating tumor DNA of breast cancer in serum. The rigid and compact probe framework with synergy effect enables the BioES to target A35R and DNA with a LoD down to 991 and 0.21 aM, respectively. Owing to its versatility for proteins and nucleic acids as well as ease of manipulation and ultra-sensitivity, the BioES can be leveraged as an all-encompassing tool for population-wide screening of epidemics and clinical disease diagnosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qinqi Ren
- School of Electronic and Computer Engineering, Peking University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Leying Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Shenhui Ma
- School of Electronic and Computer Engineering, Peking University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Tong Li
- Department of Gynecology, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518020, China
| | - Yang Zhu
- School of Electronic and Computer Engineering, Peking University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Rui Qiu
- School of Electronic and Computer Engineering, Peking University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Yun Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Feng Yin
- Pingshan Translational Medicine Center, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Zigang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
- Pingshan Translational Medicine Center, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Xiyang Ye
- Department of Gynecology, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518020, China
| | - Yaping Zhang
- Pingshan Translational Medicine Center, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Min Zhang
- School of Electronic and Computer Engineering, Peking University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Yates JL, Hunt DT, Kulas KE, Chave KJ, Styer L, Chakravarthi ST, Cai GY, Bermúdez-González MC, Kleiner G, Altman D, Srivastava K, Simon V, Feihel D, McGowan J, Hogrefe W, Noone P, Egan C, Slifka MK, Lee WT. Development of a novel serological assay for the detection of mpox infection in vaccinated populations. J Med Virol 2023; 95:e29134. [PMID: 37805977 PMCID: PMC10686281 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.29134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
In 2022 the World Health Organization declared a Public Health Emergency for an outbreak of mpox, the zoonotic Orthopoxvirus (OPV) affecting at least 104 nonendemic locations worldwide. Serologic detection of mpox infection is problematic, however, due to considerable antigenic and serologic cross-reactivity among OPVs and smallpox-vaccinated individuals. In this report, we developed a high-throughput multiplex microsphere immunoassay using a combination of mpox-specific peptides and cross-reactive OPV proteins that results in the specific serologic detection of mpox infection with 93% sensitivity and 98% specificity. The New York State Non-Vaccinia Orthopoxvirus Microsphere Immunoassay is an important tool to detect subclinical mpox infection and understand the extent of mpox spread in the community through retrospective analysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer L Yates
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, New York, USA
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, The School of Public Heath, The University at Albany, Albany, New York, USA
| | - Danielle T Hunt
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, New York, USA
| | - Karen E Kulas
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, New York, USA
| | - Karen J Chave
- Scientific Cores, Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, New York, USA
| | - Linda Styer
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, New York, USA
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, The School of Public Heath, The University at Albany, Albany, New York, USA
| | - Sandhya T Chakravarthi
- Scientific Cores, Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, New York, USA
| | - Gianna Y Cai
- Center for Vaccine Research and Pandemic Preparedness, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA
| | - Maria C Bermúdez-González
- Center for Vaccine Research and Pandemic Preparedness, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA
| | - Giulio Kleiner
- Center for Vaccine Research and Pandemic Preparedness, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA
| | - Deena Altman
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA
| | - Komal Srivastava
- Center for Vaccine Research and Pandemic Preparedness, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA
| | - Viviana Simon
- Center for Vaccine Research and Pandemic Preparedness, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA
- Department of Pathology, Molecular and Cell Based Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA
- The Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA
| | - Dennis Feihel
- Department of Medicine, North Shore University Hospital, Manhasset, New York, USA
- Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, New York, USA
| | - Joseph McGowan
- Department of Medicine, North Shore University Hospital, Manhasset, New York, USA
- Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, New York, USA
| | | | | | - Christina Egan
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, New York, USA
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, The School of Public Heath, The University at Albany, Albany, New York, USA
| | - Mark K Slifka
- Najit Technologies, Inc., Beaverton, Oregon, USA
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, USA
| | - William T Lee
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, New York, USA
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, The School of Public Heath, The University at Albany, Albany, New York, USA
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Garcia-Junior MA, Andrade BS, Guevara-Vega M, de Melo IS, Cunha TM, Jardim ACG, Sabino-Silva R. Oral Infection, Oral Pathology and Salivary Diagnostics of Mpox Disease: Relevance in Dentistry and OMICs Perspectives. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14362. [PMID: 37762664 PMCID: PMC10531708 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241814362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In this narrative review, we aim to point out the close relationship between mpox virus (MPXV) infection and the role of saliva as a diagnostic tool for mpox, considering the current molecular approach and in the perspective of OMICs application. The MPXV uses the host cell's rough endoplasmic reticulum, ribosomes, and cytoplasmic proteins to replicate its genome and synthesize virions for cellular exit. The presence of oral mucosa lesions associated with mpox infection is one of the first signs of infection; however, current diagnostic tools find it difficult to detect the virus before the rashes begin. MPXV transmission occurs through direct contact with an infected lesion and infected body fluids, including saliva, presenting a potential use of this fluid for diagnostic purposes. Currently available diagnostic tests for MPXV detection are performed either by real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) or ELISA, which presents several limitations since they are invasive tests. Despite current clinical trials with restricted sample size, MPXV DNA was detected in saliva with a sensitivity of 85%-100%. In this context, the application of transcriptomics, metabolomics, lipidomics, or proteomics analyses coupled with saliva can identify novel disease biomarkers. Thus, it is important to note that the identification and quantification of salivary DNA, RNA, lipid, protein, and metabolite can provide novel non-invasive biomarkers through the use of OMICs platforms aiding in the early detection and diagnosis of MPXV infection. Untargeted mass spectrometry (MS)-based proteomics reveals that some proteins also expressed in saliva were detected with greater expression differences in blood plasma when comparing mpox patients and healthy subjects, suggesting a promising alternative to be applied in screening or diagnostic platforms for mpox salivary diagnostics coupled to OMICs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo Augusto Garcia-Junior
- Innovation Center in Salivary Diagnostics and Nanobiotechnology, Laboratory of Nanobiotechnology – “Luiz Ricardo Goulart”, Department of Physiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Uberlandia, Uberlândia 38496-017, Brazil (M.G.-V.)
| | - Bruno Silva Andrade
- Laboratory of Bioinformatics and Computational Chemistry, Department of Biological Sciences, State University of Southwest of Bahia (UESB), Jequié 45083-900, Brazil
| | - Marco Guevara-Vega
- Innovation Center in Salivary Diagnostics and Nanobiotechnology, Laboratory of Nanobiotechnology – “Luiz Ricardo Goulart”, Department of Physiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Uberlandia, Uberlândia 38496-017, Brazil (M.G.-V.)
| | - Igor Santana de Melo
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Institute of Biological Sciences and Health, Federal University of Alagoas (UFAL), Maceió 57072-260, Brazil
| | - Thúlio M. Cunha
- Department of Pulmonology, School of Medicine, Federal University of Uberlandia, Uberlândia 38496-017, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina Gomes Jardim
- Laboratory of Antiviral Research, Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Uberlandia, Uberlândia 38496-017, Brazil
| | - Robinson Sabino-Silva
- Innovation Center in Salivary Diagnostics and Nanobiotechnology, Laboratory of Nanobiotechnology – “Luiz Ricardo Goulart”, Department of Physiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Uberlandia, Uberlândia 38496-017, Brazil (M.G.-V.)
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Hubert M, Guivel-Benhassine F, Bruel T, Porrot F, Planas D, Vanhomwegen J, Wiedemann A, Burrel S, Marot S, Palich R, Monsel G, Diombera H, Gallien S, Lopez-Zaragoza JL, Vindrios W, Taieb F, Fernandes-Pellerin S, Delhaye M, Laude H, Arowas L, Ungeheuer MN, Hocqueloux L, Pourcher V, Prazuck T, Marcelin AG, Lelièvre JD, Batéjat C, Lévy Y, Manuguerra JC, Schwartz O. Complement-dependent mpox-virus-neutralizing antibodies in infected and vaccinated individuals. Cell Host Microbe 2023; 31:937-948.e4. [PMID: 37196656 PMCID: PMC10188274 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2023.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Mpox virus (MPXV) caused a multi-country outbreak in non-endemic areas in 2022. Following historic success of smallpox vaccination with vaccinia virus (VACV)-based vaccines, the third generation modified vaccinia Ankara (MVA)-based vaccine was used as prophylaxis for MPXV, but its effectiveness remains poorly characterized. Here, we applied two assays to quantify neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) in sera from control, MPXV-infected, or MVA-vaccinated individuals. Various levels of MVA NAbs were detected after infection, historic smallpox, or recent MVA vaccination. MPXV was minimally sensitive to neutralization. However, addition of complement enhanced detection of responsive individuals and NAb levels. Anti-MVA and -MPXV NAbs were observed in 94% and 82% of infected individuals, respectively, and 92% and 56% of MVA vaccinees, respectively. NAb titers were higher in individuals born before 1980, highlighting the impact of historic smallpox vaccination on humoral immunity. Altogether, our results indicate that MPXV neutralization is complement dependent and uncover mechanisms underlying vaccine effectiveness.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mathieu Hubert
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Virus and Immunity Unit, CNRS UMR3569, 75015 Paris, France.
| | | | - Timothée Bruel
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Virus and Immunity Unit, CNRS UMR3569, 75015 Paris, France; Vaccine Research Institute, 94000 Créteil, France
| | - Françoise Porrot
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Virus and Immunity Unit, CNRS UMR3569, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Delphine Planas
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Virus and Immunity Unit, CNRS UMR3569, 75015 Paris, France; Vaccine Research Institute, 94000 Créteil, France
| | - Jessica Vanhomwegen
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Unité Environnement et Risques Infectieux, Cellule d'Intervention Biologique d'Urgence (CIBU), 75015 Paris, France
| | - Aurélie Wiedemann
- Vaccine Research Institute, Université Paris Est Créteil, Faculté de Médecine, INSERM U955, Team 16, 94000 Créteil, France
| | - Sonia Burrel
- Université de Bordeaux, CNRS UMR 5234, Fundamental Microbiology and Pathogenicity, Hôpital Universitaire de Bordeaux, Service de Virologie, 33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Stéphane Marot
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique, AP-HP, Hôpitaux Universitaires Pitié-Salpêtrière - Charles Foix, Laboratoire de Virologie, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Romain Palich
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM 1136, Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpitaux Universitaires Pitié-Salpêtrière Charles Foix, Service de Maladies infectieuses et Tropicales, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Gentiane Monsel
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM 1136, Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpitaux Universitaires Pitié-Salpêtrière Charles Foix, Service de Maladies infectieuses et Tropicales, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Harouna Diombera
- Vaccine Research Institute, Université Paris Est Créteil, Faculté de Médecine, INSERM U955, Team 16, 94000 Créteil, France
| | - Sébastien Gallien
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Groupe Henri-Mondor Albert-Chenevier, Service Immunologie Clinique, 94000 Créteil, France
| | - Jose Luis Lopez-Zaragoza
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Groupe Henri-Mondor Albert-Chenevier, Service Immunologie Clinique, 94000 Créteil, France
| | - William Vindrios
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Groupe Henri-Mondor Albert-Chenevier, Service Immunologie Clinique, 94000 Créteil, France
| | - Fabien Taieb
- Medical Center of Institut Pasteur, 75015 Paris, France
| | | | | | - Hélène Laude
- ICAReB-Clin platform, Institut Pasteur, 75015 Paris, France
| | | | | | | | - Valérie Pourcher
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM 1136, Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpitaux Universitaires Pitié-Salpêtrière Charles Foix, Service de Maladies infectieuses et Tropicales, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Thierry Prazuck
- CHR Orléans, Service de Maladies Infectieuses, 45100 Orléans, France
| | - Anne-Geneviève Marcelin
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique, AP-HP, Hôpitaux Universitaires Pitié-Salpêtrière - Charles Foix, Laboratoire de Virologie, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Jean-Daniel Lelièvre
- Vaccine Research Institute, Université Paris Est Créteil, Faculté de Médecine, INSERM U955, Team 16, 94000 Créteil, France; Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Groupe Henri-Mondor Albert-Chenevier, Service Immunologie Clinique, 94000 Créteil, France
| | - Christophe Batéjat
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Unité Environnement et Risques Infectieux, Cellule d'Intervention Biologique d'Urgence (CIBU), 75015 Paris, France
| | - Yves Lévy
- Vaccine Research Institute, Université Paris Est Créteil, Faculté de Médecine, INSERM U955, Team 16, 94000 Créteil, France; Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Groupe Henri-Mondor Albert-Chenevier, Service Immunologie Clinique, 94000 Créteil, France
| | - Jean-Claude Manuguerra
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Unité Environnement et Risques Infectieux, Cellule d'Intervention Biologique d'Urgence (CIBU), 75015 Paris, France
| | - Olivier Schwartz
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Virus and Immunity Unit, CNRS UMR3569, 75015 Paris, France; Vaccine Research Institute, 94000 Créteil, France.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Yates JL, Hunt DT, Kulas KE, Chave K, Styer L, Chakravarthi ST, Cai GY, Bermúdez-González MC, Kleiner G, Altman D, Srivastava K, Simon V, Feihel D, McGowan J, Hogrefe W, Noone P, Egan C, Slifka MK, Lee WT. Development of a Novel Serological Assay for the Detection of Mpox Infection in Vaccinated Populations. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2023:2023.04.18.23288419. [PMID: 37162953 PMCID: PMC10168407 DOI: 10.1101/2023.04.18.23288419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
In 2022 the World Health Organization declared a Public Health Emergency for an outbreak of mpox, the zoonotic Orthopoxvirus (OPV) affecting at least 103 non-endemic locations world-wide. Serologic detection of mpox infection is problematic, however, due to considerable antigenic and serologic cross-reactivity among OPVs and smallpox-vaccinated individuals. In this report, we developed a high-throughput multiplex microsphere immunoassay (MIA) using a combination of mpox-specific peptides and cross-reactive OPV proteins that results in the specific serologic detection of mpox infection with 93% sensitivity and 98% specificity. The New York State Non-Vaccinia Orthopoxvirus Microsphere Immunoassay is an important diagnostic tool to detect subclinical mpox infection and understand the extent of mpox spread in the community through retrospective analysis.
Collapse
|
26
|
Gutnik D, Evseev P, Miroshnikov K, Shneider M. Using AlphaFold Predictions in Viral Research. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:3705-3732. [PMID: 37185764 PMCID: PMC10136805 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45040240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Elucidation of the tertiary structure of proteins is an important task for biological and medical studies. AlphaFold, a modern deep-learning algorithm, enables the prediction of protein structure to a high level of accuracy. It has been applied in numerous studies in various areas of biology and medicine. Viruses are biological entities infecting eukaryotic and procaryotic organisms. They can pose a danger for humans and economically significant animals and plants, but they can also be useful for biological control, suppressing populations of pests and pathogens. AlphaFold can be used for studies of molecular mechanisms of viral infection to facilitate several activities, including drug design. Computational prediction and analysis of the structure of bacteriophage receptor-binding proteins can contribute to more efficient phage therapy. In addition, AlphaFold predictions can be used for the discovery of enzymes of bacteriophage origin that are able to degrade the cell wall of bacterial pathogens. The use of AlphaFold can assist fundamental viral research, including evolutionary studies. The ongoing development and improvement of AlphaFold can ensure that its contribution to the study of viral proteins will be significant in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daria Gutnik
- Limnological Institute of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 3 Ulan-Batorskaya Str., 664033 Irkutsk, Russia
| | - Peter Evseev
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 16/10 Miklukho-Maklaya Str., GSP-7, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Konstantin Miroshnikov
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 16/10 Miklukho-Maklaya Str., GSP-7, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Mikhail Shneider
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 16/10 Miklukho-Maklaya Str., GSP-7, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| |
Collapse
|