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Ediriweera MK, Gayashani Sandamalika WM. The epigenetic impact of fatty acids as DNA methylation modulators. Drug Discov Today 2025; 30:104277. [PMID: 39710232 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2024.104277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2024] [Revised: 11/12/2024] [Accepted: 12/17/2024] [Indexed: 12/24/2024]
Abstract
DNA methylation is a key epigenetic mechanism that regulates gene expression. Fatty acids, the building blocks of many essential lipids, play a crucial role in various biological events. Aberrant acetylation and methylation profiles are linked to a number of non-communicable diseases. Various fatty acids have been identified as potential 'epi-drugs' because of their ability to correct aberrant acetylation and methylation profiles in a number of non-communicable diseases, enhancing the value of their biochemical properties. This review summarizes the effects of selected saturated and unsaturated fatty acids and fatty-acid-rich food items on disease-associated DNA methylation profiles, aiming to justify the classification of fatty acids as DNA methylation modulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meran Keshawa Ediriweera
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Kynsey Road, Colombo 8, Sri Lanka.
| | - W M Gayashani Sandamalika
- Department of Aquaculture and Fisheries, Faculty of Livestock, Fisheries and Nutrition, Wayamba University of Sri Lanka, Sri Lanka
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2
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Opare‐Addo PA, Sarfo FS, Ovbiagele B. Role of Nutritional Epigenetics for Cerebrovascular Health in Low- and Middle-Income Countries. J Am Heart Assoc 2025; 14:e035984. [PMID: 39819028 PMCID: PMC12054409 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.124.035984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2024] [Accepted: 10/23/2024] [Indexed: 01/19/2025]
Affiliation(s)
- Priscilla Abrafi Opare‐Addo
- Department of MedicineKwame Nkrumah University of Science & TechnologyKumasiGhana
- Department of MedicineKomfo Anokye Teaching HospitalKumasiGhana
| | - Fred Stephen Sarfo
- Department of MedicineKwame Nkrumah University of Science & TechnologyKumasiGhana
- Department of MedicineKomfo Anokye Teaching HospitalKumasiGhana
| | - Bruce Ovbiagele
- Department of NeurologyUniversity of CaliforniaSan FranciscoCAUSA
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Freij K, Cleveland B, Biga P. Remodeling of the epigenetic landscape in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss, offspring in response to maternal choline intake. COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY. PART D, GENOMICS & PROTEOMICS 2024; 52:101348. [PMID: 39515277 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbd.2024.101348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2024] [Revised: 10/25/2024] [Accepted: 10/26/2024] [Indexed: 11/16/2024]
Abstract
This project focused on evaluating the effects of maternal dietary choline intake on global DNA methylation profiles and related transcriptional changes in rainbow trout offspring. Three experimental diets were formulated to test different levels of choline intake: (a) 2065 ppm choline (Low Choline, 0 % supplementation), (b) 5657 ppm choline (Medium Choline, 0.6 % supplementation), and (c) 9248 ppm choline (High Choline, 1.2 % choline supplementation). Six rainbow trout families were fed experimental diets beginning 18 months post-hatch until spawning; their offspring were fed a commercial diet. Reduced representation bisulfite sequencing (RRBS) was utilized to measure genome-wide methylation in offspring immediately after hatching. When comparing to the Medium Choline offspring, differential DNA methylation occurred more in the Low Choline offspring than High Choline, especially in genic features like promoters. The differentially methylated CpGs (q ≤ 0.01) were identified evenly between CpG islands and shores in the genome, mostly found in the introns of genes. Genes such as fabp2 and leap2B associated with protein binding, fatty acid binding, DNA binding, and response to bacteria were differentially methylated and detected as differentially regulated genes by previous RNA-seq analysis. Although these findings indicate that levels of dietary choline available in broodstock diets alter offspring DNA methylation;, most differentially expressed genes were not associated with differential DNA methylation, suggesting additional mechanisms playing a role in regulating gene expression in response to maternal choline intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalid Freij
- Department of Biology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA. https://twitter.com/@FreijKhalid
| | - Beth Cleveland
- National Center for Cool and Cold Water Aquaculture, Agricultural Research Service (ARS-USDA), Kearneysville, WV 25430, USA
| | - Peggy Biga
- Department of Biology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
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Noble AJ, Nowak JK, Adams AT, Uhlig HH, Satsangi J. Defining Interactions Between the Genome, Epigenome, and the Environment in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Progress and Prospects. Gastroenterology 2023; 165:44-60.e2. [PMID: 37062395 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2023.03.238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023]
Abstract
Recent advances in our understanding of the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) have highlighted the complex interplay between the genome, the epigenome, and the environment. Despite the exciting advances in genomics that have enabled the identification of over 200 susceptibility loci, these only account for a small proportion of the disease variance and the estimated heritability in IBD. It is likely that gene-environment (GxE) interactions contribute to "missing heritability" and these may act through epigenetic mechanisms. Several environmental factors, such as the microbiome, nutrition, and tobacco smoking, induce alterations in the epigenome of children and adults, which may impact disease susceptibility. Other mechanisms for GxE interactions are also directly pertinent in early life. We discuss a model in which environmental factors imprint disease risk in a window of susceptibility during infancy that may contribute to later disease onset, whereas other elements of the exposome act later in life and contribute directly to the pathogenesis and course of the disease. Understanding the mechanisms underlying GxE interactions may provide the basis for new therapeutic targets or preventative strategies for IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra J Noble
- Translational Gastroenterology Unit, Nuffield Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.
| | - Jan K Nowak
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Metabolic Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Alex T Adams
- Translational Gastroenterology Unit, Nuffield Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; Biomedical Research Center, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Holm H Uhlig
- Translational Gastroenterology Unit, Nuffield Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Pediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; Biomedical Research Center, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Jack Satsangi
- Translational Gastroenterology Unit, Nuffield Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; Biomedical Research Center, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
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Lu K, Liang XF, Liu T, Cai W, Zhuang W, Zhang Y, Bibi A. DNA methylation of pck1 might contribute to the programming effects of early high-carbohydrate diets feeding to the glucose metabolism across two generations in zebrafish (Danio rerio). FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2022; 48:1619-1633. [PMID: 36481836 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-022-01149-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to assess the effects of early high-carbohydrate stimulus on glucose metabolism in zebrafish (Danio rerio) over two generations and explore the mechanisms that explain those nutritional programming effects via epigenetic modifications. The larvae were delivered a high-carbohydrate diet (53.66%) that was used as an early nutritional stimulus from the first feeding to the end of the yolk sac (FF) and 5 days after yolk-sac exhaustion (YE). The larvae (F0) and their offspring (F1) were then both fed the control diet (22.69%) until adulthood (15 weeks), and they were challenged with a high-carbohydrate diet (35.36%) at the 16th week. The results indicated that early stimulus immediately raised the mRNA levels of genes involved in glycolysis and gluconeogenesis. At the end of F0 challenge, both treatment groups decreased the plasma glucose levels, increased the expression levels of glucokinase (gck), and inhibited the mRNA during gluconeogenesis. When challenged in F1, the glucose levels were lower in FF (F1), and the mRNA levels of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 1 (pck1) were decreased in FF (F1) and YE (F1). Besides, in both experimental groups (F0 and F1), the CpG island of pck1 maintained lower levels of hypermethylated expression from F0 adult, 24 h post-fertilization embryo, to F1 adult. In conclusion, these results indicated that an early high-carbohydrate stimulus could significantly reprogram glucose metabolism in adult zebrafish, that those modifications could be partially transmitted to the next generation, and that the DNA methylation of pck1 might work as a stable epigenetic marker to contribute to those processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Lu
- College of Fisheries, Chinese Perch Research Center, Huazhong Agricultural University, No.1, Shizishan Street, Hongshan District, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei Province, China
- Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Xu-Fang Liang
- College of Fisheries, Chinese Perch Research Center, Huazhong Agricultural University, No.1, Shizishan Street, Hongshan District, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei Province, China.
- Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 430070, China.
| | - Tong Liu
- College of Fisheries, Chinese Perch Research Center, Huazhong Agricultural University, No.1, Shizishan Street, Hongshan District, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei Province, China
- Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Wenjing Cai
- College of Fisheries, Chinese Perch Research Center, Huazhong Agricultural University, No.1, Shizishan Street, Hongshan District, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei Province, China
- Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Wuyuan Zhuang
- College of Fisheries, Chinese Perch Research Center, Huazhong Agricultural University, No.1, Shizishan Street, Hongshan District, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei Province, China
- Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yanpeng Zhang
- College of Fisheries, Chinese Perch Research Center, Huazhong Agricultural University, No.1, Shizishan Street, Hongshan District, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei Province, China
- Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Asima Bibi
- College of Fisheries, Chinese Perch Research Center, Huazhong Agricultural University, No.1, Shizishan Street, Hongshan District, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei Province, China
- Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 430070, China
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Satokar VV, Vickers MH, Reynolds CM, Ponnampalam AP, Firth EC, Garg ML, Barrett CJ, Cutfield WS, Albert BB. Fish oil supplementation of rats fed a high fat diet during pregnancy improves offspring insulin sensitivity. Front Nutr 2022; 9:968443. [PMID: 36118754 PMCID: PMC9481032 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.968443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
IntroductionIn rats, a maternal high-fat diet (HFD) leads to adverse metabolic changes in the adult offspring, similar to the children of mothers with obesity during pregnancy. Supplementation with a high dose of fish oil (FO) to pregnant rats fed a HFD has been shown to prevent the development of insulin resistance in adult offspring. However, the effects of supplementation at a translationally relevant dose remain unknown.AimTo determine whether supplementation with a human-relevant dose of FO to pregnant rats can prevent the long-term adverse metabolic and cardiovascular effects of a maternal HFD on adult offspring.MethodsFemale rats (N = 100, 90 days of age) were assigned to HFD (45% kcal from fat) or control diet (CD) for 14 days prior to mating and throughout pregnancy and lactation. Following mating, dams received a gel containing 0.05 ml of FO (human equivalent 2–3 ml) or a control gel on each day of pregnancy. This produced 4 groups, CD with control gel, CD with FO gel, HFD with control gel and HFD with FO gel. Plasma and tissue samples were collected at day 20 of pregnancy and postnatal day 2, 21, and 100. Adult offspring were assessed for insulin sensitivity, blood pressure, DXA scan, and 2D echocardiography.ResultsThere was an interaction between maternal diet and FO supplementation on insulin sensitivity (p = 0.005) and cardiac function (p < 0.01). A maternal HFD resulted in impaired insulin sensitivity in the adult offspring (p = 0.005 males, p = 0.001 females). FO supplementation in the context of a maternal HFD prevented the reduction in insulin sensitivity in offspring (p = 0.05 males, p = 0.0001 females). However, in dams consuming CD, FO supplementation led to impaired insulin sensitivity (p = 0.02 males, p = 0.001 females), greater body weight and reduced cardiac ejection fraction.ConclusionThe effects of a human-relevant dose of maternal FO on offspring outcomes were dependent on the maternal diet, so that FO was beneficial to the offspring if the mother consumed a HFD, but deleterious if the mother consumed a control diet. This study suggests that supplementation with FO should be targeted to women expected to have abnormalities of metabolism such as those with overweight and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vidit V. Satokar
- Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Mark H. Vickers
- Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Clare M. Reynolds
- Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Anna P. Ponnampalam
- Manaaki Mānawa – The Centre for Heart Research, Department of Physiology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Elwyn C. Firth
- Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Manohar L. Garg
- Nutraceuticals Research Program, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Carolyn J. Barrett
- Manaaki Mānawa – The Centre for Heart Research, Department of Physiology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Wayne S. Cutfield
- Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- A Better Start – National Science Challenge, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Benjamin B. Albert
- Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- A Better Start – National Science Challenge, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- *Correspondence: Benjamin B. Albert,
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Dave K, Kaur L, Sundrani D, Sharma P, Bayyana S, Mehendale S, Randhir K, Chandak GR, Joshi S. Association of placental fatty acid desaturase 2 (FADS2) methylation with maternal fatty acid levels in women with preeclampsia. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2022; 184:102472. [PMID: 35872376 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2022.102472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Biosynthesis of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids requires sequential activities of desaturases and elongases for conversion of fatty acid precursors to products. The delta-6 desaturase enzyme, encoded by FADS2 gene, is a rate limiting enzyme in this pathway. Alterations in D6D enzyme activity can lead to altered fatty acid profiles. OBJECTIVES To examine differences in placental DNA methylation (DNAm) and expression of FADS2 gene in preeclampsia women compared to normal women and their association with maternal variables (plasma fatty acids, desaturase enzyme index, blood pressure), placental weight and birth outcomes. METHODS DNAm and expression of FADS2 gene were examined in placentae of normotensive (n = 100) control and preeclampsia (n = 100) women using pyrosequencing and quantitative real-time PCR respectively. Women with preeclampsia included those delivering at term (n = 43, gestation ≥ 37 weeks; T-PE) or preterm (n = 57, gestation < 37 weeks; PT-PE). A total of 26 CpGs in FADS2 promoter and region around it, were analysed in two PCR reactions (region 1 and 2). RESULTS Out of 13 CpGs in region 1, significant hypermethylation was noted at CpG3 in T-PE (p = 0.03) and of 13 CpGs in region 2, CpG2 (p = 0.008), CpG11 (p = 0.04), CpG12 (p = 0.001) were hypomethylated and CpG13 (p = 0.001) was hypermethylated in preeclampsia group, as compared to controls. FADS2 expression was lower in PT-PE as compared to controls (p = 0.04). DNAm at various CpGs in the FADS2 were associated with maternal plasma FADS2 enzyme index and also associated with maternal fatty acid levels. However, we did not observe any association of DNAm with maternal blood pressure, placental weight and birth outcomes. CONCLUSIONS This study for the first time reports differential methylation of FADS2 and its association with impaired maternal fatty acid metabolism in preeclampsia and provides a mechanistic basis to our earlier observations of altered maternal LCPUFA levels in women with preeclampsia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kinjal Dave
- Mother and Child Health, Interactive Research School for Health Affairs (IRSHA), Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be) University, Pune 411043, India
| | - Lovejeet Kaur
- Genomic Research on Complex diseases (GRC Group), CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology (CSIR-CCMB), Hyderabad 500007. India
| | - Deepali Sundrani
- Mother and Child Health, Interactive Research School for Health Affairs (IRSHA), Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be) University, Pune 411043, India
| | - Preeti Sharma
- Mother and Child Health, Interactive Research School for Health Affairs (IRSHA), Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be) University, Pune 411043, India
| | - Swati Bayyana
- Genomic Research on Complex diseases (GRC Group), CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology (CSIR-CCMB), Hyderabad 500007. India
| | - Savita Mehendale
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Bharati Vidyapeeth Medical College and Hospital, Pune 411043, India
| | - Karuna Randhir
- Mother and Child Health, Interactive Research School for Health Affairs (IRSHA), Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be) University, Pune 411043, India
| | - Giriraj R Chandak
- Genomic Research on Complex diseases (GRC Group), CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology (CSIR-CCMB), Hyderabad 500007. India
| | - Sadhana Joshi
- Mother and Child Health, Interactive Research School for Health Affairs (IRSHA), Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be) University, Pune 411043, India.
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Wilson NRC, Veatch OJ, Johnson SM. On the Relationship between Diabetes and Obstructive Sleep Apnea: Evolution and Epigenetics. Biomedicines 2022; 10:668. [PMID: 35327470 PMCID: PMC8945691 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10030668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This review offers an overview of the relationship between diabetes, obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), obesity, and heart disease. It then addresses evidence that the traditional understanding of this relationship is incomplete or misleading. In the process, there is a brief discussion of the evolutionary rationale for the development and retention of OSA in light of blood sugar dysregulation, as an adaptive mechanism in response to environmental stressors, followed by a brief overview of the general concepts of epigenetics. Finally, this paper presents the results of a literature search on the epigenetic marks and changes in gene expression found in OSA and diabetes. (While some of these marks will also correlate with obesity and heart disease, that is beyond the scope of this project). We conclude with an exploration of alternative explanations for the etiology of these interlinking diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- N. R. C. Wilson
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA;
| | - Olivia J. Veatch
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA;
| | - Steven M. Johnson
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA;
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9
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Maternal polyunsaturated fatty acid concentrations during pregnancy and childhood liver fat accumulation. Clin Nutr 2022; 41:847-854. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2022.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Koemel NA, Senior AM, Dissanayake HU, Ross J, McMullan RL, Kong Y, Phang M, Hyett J, Raubenheimer D, Gordon A, Simpson SJ, Skilton MR. Maternal dietary fatty acid composition and newborn epigenetic aging-a geometric framework approach. Am J Clin Nutr 2022; 115:118-127. [PMID: 34591100 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqab318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Maternal nutrition is associated with epigenetic and cardiometabolic risk factors in offspring. Research in humans has primarily focused on assessing the impact of individual nutrients. OBJECTIVES We sought to assess the collective impact of maternal dietary MUFAs, PUFAs, and SFAs on epigenetic aging and cardiometabolic risk markers in healthy newborn infants using a geometric framework approach. METHODS Body fatness (n = 162), aortic intima-media thickness (aIMT; n = 131), heart rate variability (n = 118), and epigenetic age acceleration (n = 124) were assessed in newborn infants. Maternal dietary intake was cross-sectionally assessed in the immediate postpartum period via a validated 80-item self-administered FFQ. Generalized additive models were used to explore interactive associations of nutrient intake, with results visualized as response surfaces. RESULTS After adjustment for total energy intake, maternal age, gestational age, and sex there was a 3-way interactive association of MUFAs, PUFAs, and SFAs (P = 0.001) with newborn epigenetic aging. This suggests that the nature of each fat class association depends upon one another. Response surfaces revealed MUFAs were positively associated with newborn epigenetic age acceleration only at proportionately lower intakes of SFAs or PUFAs. We also demonstrate a potential beneficial association of omega-3 (n-3) PUFAs with newborn epigenetic age acceleration (P = 0.008). There was no significant association of fat class with newborn aIMT, heart rate variability, or body fatness. CONCLUSIONS In this study, we demonstrated an association between maternal dietary fat class composition and epigenetic aging in newborns. Future research should consider other characteristics such as the source of maternal dietary fatty acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas A Koemel
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.,Boden Collaboration for Obesity, Nutrition, Exercise, and Eating Disorders, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.,Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Alistair M Senior
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.,Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.,School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Hasthi U Dissanayake
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.,Boden Collaboration for Obesity, Nutrition, Exercise, and Eating Disorders, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.,Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.,Sleep Research Group, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Jason Ross
- CSIRO Health and Biosecurity, Sydney, Australia
| | - Rowena L McMullan
- Boden Collaboration for Obesity, Nutrition, Exercise, and Eating Disorders, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.,Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Yang Kong
- Boden Collaboration for Obesity, Nutrition, Exercise, and Eating Disorders, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.,Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Melinda Phang
- Boden Collaboration for Obesity, Nutrition, Exercise, and Eating Disorders, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.,Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Jon Hyett
- Sydney Institute for Women, Children and their Families, Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, Australia
| | - David Raubenheimer
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.,School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Adrienne Gordon
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.,Boden Collaboration for Obesity, Nutrition, Exercise, and Eating Disorders, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.,Sydney Institute for Women, Children and their Families, Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, Australia
| | - Stephen J Simpson
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.,School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Michael R Skilton
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.,Boden Collaboration for Obesity, Nutrition, Exercise, and Eating Disorders, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.,Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.,Sydney Institute for Women, Children and their Families, Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, Australia
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Acevedo N, Alashkar Alhamwe B, Caraballo L, Ding M, Ferrante A, Garn H, Garssen J, Hii CS, Irvine J, Llinás-Caballero K, López JF, Miethe S, Perveen K, Pogge von Strandmann E, Sokolowska M, Potaczek DP, van Esch BCAM. Perinatal and Early-Life Nutrition, Epigenetics, and Allergy. Nutrients 2021; 13:724. [PMID: 33668787 PMCID: PMC7996340 DOI: 10.3390/nu13030724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological studies have shown a dramatic increase in the incidence and the prevalence of allergic diseases over the last several decades. Environmental triggers including risk factors (e.g., pollution), the loss of rural living conditions (e.g., farming conditions), and nutritional status (e.g., maternal, breastfeeding) are considered major contributors to this increase. The influences of these environmental factors are thought to be mediated by epigenetic mechanisms which are heritable, reversible, and biologically relevant biochemical modifications of the chromatin carrying the genetic information without changing the nucleotide sequence of the genome. An important feature characterizing epigenetically-mediated processes is the existence of a time frame where the induced effects are the strongest and therefore most crucial. This period between conception, pregnancy, and the first years of life (e.g., first 1000 days) is considered the optimal time for environmental factors, such as nutrition, to exert their beneficial epigenetic effects. In the current review, we discussed the impact of the exposure to bacteria, viruses, parasites, fungal components, microbiome metabolites, and specific nutritional components (e.g., polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), vitamins, plant- and animal-derived microRNAs, breast milk) on the epigenetic patterns related to allergic manifestations. We gave insight into the epigenetic signature of bioactive milk components and the effects of specific nutrition on neonatal T cell development. Several lines of evidence suggest that atypical metabolic reprogramming induced by extrinsic factors such as allergens, viruses, pollutants, diet, or microbiome might drive cellular metabolic dysfunctions and defective immune responses in allergic disease. Therefore, we described the current knowledge on the relationship between immunometabolism and allergy mediated by epigenetic mechanisms. The knowledge as presented will give insight into epigenetic changes and the potential of maternal and post-natal nutrition on the development of allergic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie Acevedo
- Institute for Immunological Research, University of Cartagena, Cartagena 130014, Colombia; (N.A.); (L.C.); (K.L.-C.); (J.F.L.)
| | - Bilal Alashkar Alhamwe
- Institute of Tumor Immunology, Clinic for Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Center for Tumor Biology and Immunology, Philipps University Marburg, 35043 Marburg, Germany; (B.A.A.); (E.P.v.S.)
- College of Pharmacy, International University for Science and Technology (IUST), Daraa 15, Syria
| | - Luis Caraballo
- Institute for Immunological Research, University of Cartagena, Cartagena 130014, Colombia; (N.A.); (L.C.); (K.L.-C.); (J.F.L.)
| | - Mei Ding
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, 7265 Davos, Switzerland; (M.D.); (M.S.)
- Christine Kühne-Center for Allergy Research and Education, 7265 Davos, Switzerland
- Department of Allergology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Antonio Ferrante
- Department of Immunopathology, SA Pathology at the Women’s and Children’s Hospital, North Adelaide, SA 5006, Australia; (A.F.); (C.S.H.); (J.I.); (K.P.)
- Adelaide School of Medicine and the Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - Holger Garn
- Translational Inflammation Research Division & Core Facility for Single Cell Multiomics, Medical Faculty, Philipps University Marburg, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL) and the Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, 35043 Marburg, Germany; (H.G.); (S.M.)
| | - Johan Garssen
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands;
- Danone Nutricia Research, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Charles S. Hii
- Department of Immunopathology, SA Pathology at the Women’s and Children’s Hospital, North Adelaide, SA 5006, Australia; (A.F.); (C.S.H.); (J.I.); (K.P.)
- Adelaide School of Medicine and the Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - James Irvine
- Department of Immunopathology, SA Pathology at the Women’s and Children’s Hospital, North Adelaide, SA 5006, Australia; (A.F.); (C.S.H.); (J.I.); (K.P.)
- Adelaide School of Medicine and the Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - Kevin Llinás-Caballero
- Institute for Immunological Research, University of Cartagena, Cartagena 130014, Colombia; (N.A.); (L.C.); (K.L.-C.); (J.F.L.)
| | - Juan Felipe López
- Institute for Immunological Research, University of Cartagena, Cartagena 130014, Colombia; (N.A.); (L.C.); (K.L.-C.); (J.F.L.)
| | - Sarah Miethe
- Translational Inflammation Research Division & Core Facility for Single Cell Multiomics, Medical Faculty, Philipps University Marburg, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL) and the Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, 35043 Marburg, Germany; (H.G.); (S.M.)
| | - Khalida Perveen
- Department of Immunopathology, SA Pathology at the Women’s and Children’s Hospital, North Adelaide, SA 5006, Australia; (A.F.); (C.S.H.); (J.I.); (K.P.)
- Adelaide School of Medicine and the Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - Elke Pogge von Strandmann
- Institute of Tumor Immunology, Clinic for Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Center for Tumor Biology and Immunology, Philipps University Marburg, 35043 Marburg, Germany; (B.A.A.); (E.P.v.S.)
| | - Milena Sokolowska
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, 7265 Davos, Switzerland; (M.D.); (M.S.)
- Christine Kühne-Center for Allergy Research and Education, 7265 Davos, Switzerland
| | - Daniel P. Potaczek
- Translational Inflammation Research Division & Core Facility for Single Cell Multiomics, Medical Faculty, Philipps University Marburg, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL) and the Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, 35043 Marburg, Germany; (H.G.); (S.M.)
| | - Betty C. A. M. van Esch
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands;
- Danone Nutricia Research, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands
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12
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Maternal high-fat diet in mice alters immune regulation and lung function in the offspring. Br J Nutr 2020; 126:844-852. [PMID: 33243305 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114520004742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
PUFA modulate immune function and have been associated with the risk of childhood atopy and asthma. We investigated the effect of maternal fat intake in mice on PUFA status, elongase and desaturase gene expression, inflammatory markers and lung function in the offspring. C57BL/6J mice (n 32) were fed either standard chow (C, 20·4 % energy as fat) or a high-fat diet (HFD, 39·9 % energy as fat) for 4 weeks prior to conception and during gestation and lactation. At 21 d of age, offspring were weaned onto either the HFD or C, generating four experimental groups: C/C, C/HF, HF/C and HF/HF. Plasma and liver fatty acid composition were measured by GC and gene expression by quantitative PCR. Lung resistance to methacholine was assessed. Arachidonic acid concentrations in offspring plasma and liver phospholipids were increased by HFD; this effect was greater in the post-natal HFD group. DHA concentration in offspring liver phospholipids was increased in response to HFD and was higher in the post-natal HFD group. Post-natal HFD increased hepatic fatty acid desaturase (FADS) 2 and elongation of very long-chain fatty acid 5 expression in male offspring, whereas maternal HFD elevated expression of FADS1 and FADS2 in female offspring compared with males. Post-natal HFD increased expression of IL-6 and C-C motif chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2) in perivascular adipose tissue. The HFD lowered lung resistance to methacholine. Excessive maternal fat intake during development modifies hepatic PUFA status in offspring through regulation of gene expression of enzymes that are involved in PUFA biosynthesis and modifies the development of the offspring lungs leading to respiratory dysfunction.
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Wong MWK, Thalamuthu A, Braidy N, Mather KA, Liu Y, Ciobanu L, Baune BT, Armstrong NJ, Kwok J, Schofield P, Wright MJ, Ames D, Pickford R, Lee T, Poljak A, Sachdev PS. Genetic and environmental determinants of variation in the plasma lipidome of older Australian twins. eLife 2020; 9:e58954. [PMID: 32697195 PMCID: PMC7394543 DOI: 10.7554/elife.58954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The critical role of blood lipids in a broad range of health and disease states is well recognised but less explored is the interplay of genetics and environment within the broader blood lipidome. We examined heritability of the plasma lipidome among healthy older-aged twins (75 monozygotic/55 dizygotic pairs) enrolled in the Older Australian Twins Study (OATS) and explored corresponding gene expression and DNA methylation associations. 27/209 lipids (13.3%) detected by liquid chromatography-coupled mass spectrometry (LC-MS) were significantly heritable under the classical ACE twin model (h2 = 0.28-0.59), which included ceramides (Cer) and triglycerides (TG). Relative to non-significantly heritable TGs, heritable TGs had a greater number of associations with gene transcripts, not directly associated with lipid metabolism, but with immune function, signalling and transcriptional regulation. Genome-wide average DNA methylation (GWAM) levels accounted for variability in some non-heritable lipids. We reveal a complex interplay of genetic and environmental influences on the ageing plasma lipidome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew WK Wong
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, School of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South WalesSydneyAustralia
| | - Anbupalam Thalamuthu
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, School of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South WalesSydneyAustralia
| | - Nady Braidy
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, School of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South WalesSydneyAustralia
| | - Karen A Mather
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, School of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South WalesSydneyAustralia
- Neuroscience Research AustraliaSydneyAustralia
| | - Yue Liu
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, School of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South WalesSydneyAustralia
| | - Liliana Ciobanu
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, School of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South WalesSydneyAustralia
- The University of Adelaide, Adelaide Medical School, Discipline of PsychiatryAdelaideAustralia
| | - Bernhardt T Baune
- The University of Adelaide, Adelaide Medical School, Discipline of PsychiatryAdelaideAustralia
- Department of Psychiatry, University of MünsterMünsterGermany
- Department of Psychiatry, Melbourne Medical School, The University of MelbourneMelbourneAustralia
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of MelbourneMelbourneAustralia
| | | | - John Kwok
- Brain and Mind Centre, The University of SydneySydneyAustralia
| | - Peter Schofield
- Neuroscience Research AustraliaSydneyAustralia
- School of Medical Sciences, University of New South WalesSydneyAustralia
| | - Margaret J Wright
- Queensland Brain Institute, University of QueenslandBrisbaneAustralia
- Centre for Advanced Imaging, University of QueenslandBrisbaneAustralia
| | - David Ames
- University of Melbourne Academic Unit for Psychiatry of Old AgeKewAustralia
- National Ageing Research InstituteParkvilleAustralia
| | - Russell Pickford
- Bioanalytical Mass Spectrometry Facility, University of New South WalesSydneyAustralia
| | - Teresa Lee
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, School of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South WalesSydneyAustralia
- Neuropsychiatric Institute, Euroa Centre, Prince of Wales HospitalSydneyAustralia
| | - Anne Poljak
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, School of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South WalesSydneyAustralia
- School of Medical Sciences, University of New South WalesSydneyAustralia
- Bioanalytical Mass Spectrometry Facility, University of New South WalesSydneyAustralia
| | - Perminder S Sachdev
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, School of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South WalesSydneyAustralia
- Neuropsychiatric Institute, Euroa Centre, Prince of Wales HospitalSydneyAustralia
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14
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Ferosekhan S, Turkmen S, Xu H, Afonso JM, Zamorano MJ, Kaushik S, Izquierdo M. The Relationship between the Expression of Fatty Acyl Desaturase 2 ( fads2) Gene in Peripheral Blood Cells (PBCs) and Liver in Gilthead Seabream, Sparus aurata Broodstock Fed a Low n-3 LC-PUFA Diet. Life (Basel) 2020; 10:life10070117. [PMID: 32707702 PMCID: PMC7400341 DOI: 10.3390/life10070117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The principle aim of this study is to elucidate the relationship between the fatty acid desaturase 2 gene (fads2) expression pattern in peripheral blood cells (PBCs) and liver of gilthead seabream (GSB), Sparus aurata broodstock in order to determine the possible use of fads2 expression as a potential biomarker for the selection of broodstock. This selection could be utilized for breeding programs aiming to improve reproduction, health, and nutritional status. Passive Integrated Transponder (PIT)-tagged GSB broodstock (Male-1.22 ± 0.20 kg; 44.8 ± 2 cm and female-2.36 ± 0.64 kg; 55.1 cm) were fed a diet containing low levels of fish meal and fish oil (EPA 2.5; DHA 1.7 and n-3 LC-PUFA 4.6% TFA) for one month. After the feeding period, fads2 expression in PBCs and liver of both male and female broodstock were highly significantly correlated (r = 0.89; p < 0.001). Additionally, in male broodstock, liver fads2 expression was significantly correlated (p < 0.05) to liver contents in 16:0 (r = 0.95; p = 0.04) and total saturates (r = 0.97; p = 0.03) as well as to 20:3n–6/20:2n–6 (r = 0.98; p = 0.02) a Fads2 product/precursor ratio. Overall, we found a positive and significant correlation between fads2 expression levels in the PBCs and liver of GSB broodstock. PBCs fads2 expression levels indicate a strong potential for utilization as a non-invasive method to select animals having increased fatty acid bioconversion capability, better able to deal with diets free of fish meal and fish oil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shajahan Ferosekhan
- Aquaculture Research Group (GIA), IU-ECOAQUA, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35214 Telde, Spain; (S.T.); (H.X.); (J.M.A.); (M.J.Z.); (S.K.); (M.I.)
- ICAR-Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture, Bhubaneswar 751002, India
- Correspondence:
| | - Serhat Turkmen
- Aquaculture Research Group (GIA), IU-ECOAQUA, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35214 Telde, Spain; (S.T.); (H.X.); (J.M.A.); (M.J.Z.); (S.K.); (M.I.)
- Department of Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Hanlin Xu
- Aquaculture Research Group (GIA), IU-ECOAQUA, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35214 Telde, Spain; (S.T.); (H.X.); (J.M.A.); (M.J.Z.); (S.K.); (M.I.)
| | - Juan Manuel Afonso
- Aquaculture Research Group (GIA), IU-ECOAQUA, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35214 Telde, Spain; (S.T.); (H.X.); (J.M.A.); (M.J.Z.); (S.K.); (M.I.)
| | - Maria Jesus Zamorano
- Aquaculture Research Group (GIA), IU-ECOAQUA, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35214 Telde, Spain; (S.T.); (H.X.); (J.M.A.); (M.J.Z.); (S.K.); (M.I.)
| | - Sadasivam Kaushik
- Aquaculture Research Group (GIA), IU-ECOAQUA, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35214 Telde, Spain; (S.T.); (H.X.); (J.M.A.); (M.J.Z.); (S.K.); (M.I.)
| | - Marisol Izquierdo
- Aquaculture Research Group (GIA), IU-ECOAQUA, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35214 Telde, Spain; (S.T.); (H.X.); (J.M.A.); (M.J.Z.); (S.K.); (M.I.)
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15
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Pérez-Mojica JE, Lillycrop KA, Cooper C, Calder PC, Burdge GC. Docosahexaenoic acid and oleic acid induce altered DNA methylation of individual CpG loci in Jurkat T cells. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2020; 158:102128. [PMID: 32464433 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2020.102128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6n-3) and oleic acid (18:1n-9) can alter the DNA methylation of individual CpG loci in vivo and in vitro, although the targeting mechanism is unknown. We tested the hypothesis that the targeting of altered methylation is associated with putative transcription factor response elements (pTREs) proximal to modified loci. Jurkat cells were treated with 22:6n-3 or 18:1n-9 (both 15 μM) for eight days and DNA methylation measured using the MethylationEPIC 850K array. 1596 CpG loci were altered significantly (508 hypermethylated) by 22:6n-3 and 563 CpG loci (294 hypermethylated) by 18:1n-9. 78 loci were modified by both fatty acids. Induced differential methylation was not modified by the PPARα antagonist GW6471. DNA sequences proximal to differentially methylated CpG loci were enriched in zinc-finger pTREs. These findings suggest that zinc-finger-containing transcription factors may be involved in targeting altered DNA methylation modifying processes induced by fatty acids to individual CpG loci.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Eduardo Pérez-Mojica
- School of Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Developmental Sciences Building (MP887), University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Tremona Road, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Karen A Lillycrop
- Centre for Biological Science, Faculty of Natural and Environmental Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Cyrus Cooper
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, UK
| | - Philip C Calder
- School of Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Developmental Sciences Building (MP887), University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Tremona Road, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Graham C Burdge
- School of Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Developmental Sciences Building (MP887), University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Tremona Road, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK.
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16
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DNA methylation at the crossroads of gene and environment interactions. Essays Biochem 2020; 63:717-726. [PMID: 31782496 PMCID: PMC6923319 DOI: 10.1042/ebc20190031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Revised: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
DNA methylation is an epigenetic mark involved in regulating genome function and is critical for normal development in mammals. It has been observed that the developmental environment can lead to permanent changes in gene expression and DNA methylation, at least at 'metastable epialleles'. These are defined as regions of the genome that show a variable epigenetic state that is established early in development and maintained through subsequent cell divisions. However, the majority of the known genome does not behave in this manner. Here, we use the developmental origins of adult disease hypothesis to understand environmental epigenomics. Some challenges to studying how DNA methylation is influenced by the environment include identifying DNA methylation changes associated with an environmental exposure in tissues with a complex cellular composition and at genomic regions for which DNA methylation is dynamically regulated in a cell-type specific manner. We also offer a perspective of how emerging technologies may be useful for dissecting the functional contribution of exposure-associated epigenetic changes and highlight recent evidence that suggests that genomic regions that are absent from genome assemblies may be unappreciated hotspots for environmental modulation of the epigenetic state.
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17
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Gawlińska K, Gawliński D, Filip M, Przegaliński E. Relationship of maternal high-fat diet during pregnancy and lactation to offspring health. Nutr Rev 2020; 79:709-725. [PMID: 32447401 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuaa020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
A balanced maternal diet is essential for proper fetal development, and the consumption of a nutritionally inadequate diet during intrauterine development and early childhood is associated with a significantly increased risk of metabolic and brain disorders in offspring. The current literature indicates that maternal exposure to a high-fat diet exerts an irreversible influence on the general health of the offspring. This review of preclinical research examines the relationship between a maternal high-fat diet during pregnancy or lactation and metabolic changes, molecular alterations in the brain, and behavioral disorders in offspring. Animal models indicate that offspring exposed to a maternal high-fat diet during pregnancy and lactation manifest increased depressive-like and aggressive behaviors, reduced cognitive development, and symptoms of metabolic syndrome. Recently, epigenetic and molecular studies have shown that maternal nutrition during pregnancy and the suckling period modifies the development of neurotransmitter circuits and many other factors important to central nervous system development. This finding confirms the importance of a balanced maternal diet for the health of offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kinga Gawlińska
- Department of Drug Addiction Pharmacology, Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow, Poland
| | - Dawid Gawliński
- Department of Drug Addiction Pharmacology, Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Filip
- Department of Drug Addiction Pharmacology, Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow, Poland
| | - Edmund Przegaliński
- Department of Drug Addiction Pharmacology, Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow, Poland
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18
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Fu C, Zhang Y, Shi T, Wei X, Liu X. Soybean oil alleviates maternal conjugated linoleic acid dietary-induced hatchability decrease and embryo hepatic lipolysis in broiler breeders. Livest Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.livsci.2019.103913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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19
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Turkmen S, Perera E, Zamorano MJ, Simó-Mirabet P, Xu H, Pérez-Sánchez J, Izquierdo M. Effects of Dietary Lipid Composition and Fatty Acid Desaturase 2 Expression in Broodstock Gilthead Sea Bream on Lipid Metabolism-Related Genes and Methylation of the fads2 Gene Promoter in Their Offspring. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20246250. [PMID: 31835772 PMCID: PMC6940931 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20246250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Revised: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) in parental diets play a key role in regulating n-3 LC-PUFA metabolism of the offspring. However, it is not clear whether this metabolic regulation is driven by the precursors presented in the diet or by the parental ability to synthesize them. To elucidate this, broodstocks of gilthead sea bream with different blood expression levels of fads2, which encodes for the rate-limiting enzyme in the n-3 LC-PUFA synthesis pathway, were fed either a diet supplemented with alpha-linolenic acid (ALA, 18:3n-3) or a control diet. The progenies obtained from these four experimental groups were then challenged with a low LC-PUFA diet at the juvenile stage. Results showed that the offspring from parents with high fads2 expression presented higher growth and improved utilization of low n-3 LC-PUFA diets compared to the offspring from parents with low fads2 expression. Besides, an ALA-rich diet during the gametogenesis caused negative effects on the growth of the offspring. The epigenetic analysis demonstrated that methylation in the promoter of fads2 of the offspring was correlated with the parental fads2 expression levels and type of the broodstock diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serhat Turkmen
- Aquaculture Research Group (GIA), IU-ECOAQUA, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Crta. Taliarte s/n, 35214 Telde, Spain; (M.J.Z.); (H.X.); (M.I.)
- Department of Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 35294, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-(205)-212-01-04
| | - Erick Perera
- Nutrigenomics and Fish Growth Endocrinology Group, Institute of Aquaculture Torre de la Sal, IATS-CSIC, Ribera de Cabanes s/n, 12595 Castellón, Spain; (E.P.); (P.S.-M.); (J.P.-S.)
| | - Maria J. Zamorano
- Aquaculture Research Group (GIA), IU-ECOAQUA, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Crta. Taliarte s/n, 35214 Telde, Spain; (M.J.Z.); (H.X.); (M.I.)
| | - Paula Simó-Mirabet
- Nutrigenomics and Fish Growth Endocrinology Group, Institute of Aquaculture Torre de la Sal, IATS-CSIC, Ribera de Cabanes s/n, 12595 Castellón, Spain; (E.P.); (P.S.-M.); (J.P.-S.)
| | - Hanlin Xu
- Aquaculture Research Group (GIA), IU-ECOAQUA, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Crta. Taliarte s/n, 35214 Telde, Spain; (M.J.Z.); (H.X.); (M.I.)
| | - Jaume Pérez-Sánchez
- Nutrigenomics and Fish Growth Endocrinology Group, Institute of Aquaculture Torre de la Sal, IATS-CSIC, Ribera de Cabanes s/n, 12595 Castellón, Spain; (E.P.); (P.S.-M.); (J.P.-S.)
| | - Marisol Izquierdo
- Aquaculture Research Group (GIA), IU-ECOAQUA, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Crta. Taliarte s/n, 35214 Telde, Spain; (M.J.Z.); (H.X.); (M.I.)
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20
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Irvine NA, Ruyter B, Østbye TK, Sonesson AK, Lillycrop KA, Berge G, Burdge GC. Dietary Fish Oil Alters DNA Methylation of Genes Involved in Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Biosynthesis in Muscle and Liver of Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar). Lipids 2019; 54:725-739. [PMID: 31658496 DOI: 10.1002/lipd.12198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Revised: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 09/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Adequate dietary supply of eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5n-3) and docosahexaenoic acid (22:6n-3) is required to maintain health and growth of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). However, salmon can also convert α-linolenic acid (18:3n-3) into eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5n-3) and docosahexaenoic acid (22:6n-3) by sequential desaturation and elongation reactions, which can be modified by 20:5n-3 and 22:6n-3 intake. In mammals, dietary 20:5n-3 + 22:6n-3 intake can modify Fads2 expression (Δ6 desaturase) via altered DNA methylation of its promoter. Decreasing dietary fish oil (FO) has been shown to increase Δ5fad expression in salmon liver. However, it is not known whether this is associated with changes in the DNA methylation of genes involved in polyunsaturated fatty acid synthesis. To address this, we investigated whether changing the proportions of dietary FO and vegetable oil altered the DNA methylation of Δ6fad_b, Δ5fad, Elovl2, and Elovl5_b promoters in liver and muscle from Atlantic salmon and whether any changes were associated with mRNA expression. Higher dietary FO content increased the proportions of 20:5n-3 and 22:6n-3 and decreased Δ6fad_b mRNA expression in liver, but there was no effect on Δ5fad, Elovl2, and Elovl5_b expression. There were significant differences between liver and skeletal muscle in the methylation of individual CpG loci in all four genes studied. Methylation of individual Δ6fad_b CpG loci was negatively related to its expression and to proportions of 20:5n-3 and 22:6n-3 in the liver. These findings suggest variations in dietary FO can induce gene-, CpG locus-, and tissue-related changes in DNA methylation in salmon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola A Irvine
- Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Bente Ruyter
- Nofima (Norwegian Institute of Food, Fisheries and Aquaculture Research), PO Box 210 1432, Ås, Norway
| | - Tone-Kari Østbye
- Nofima (Norwegian Institute of Food, Fisheries and Aquaculture Research), PO Box 210 1432, Ås, Norway
| | - Anna K Sonesson
- Nofima (Norwegian Institute of Food, Fisheries and Aquaculture Research), PO Box 210 1432, Ås, Norway
| | - Karen A Lillycrop
- Centre for Biological Sciences, Faculty of Natural and Environmental Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Gerd Berge
- Nofima (Norwegian Institute of Food, Fisheries and Aquaculture Research), Sjølsengveien 22, 6600 Sunndalsøra, Norway
| | - Graham C Burdge
- Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
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Marchix J, Catheline D, Duby C, Monthéan-Boulier N, Boissel F, Pédrono F, Boudry G, Legrand P. Interactive effects of maternal and weaning high linoleic acid intake on hepatic lipid metabolism, oxylipins profile and hepatic steatosis in offspring. J Nutr Biochem 2019; 75:108241. [PMID: 31715523 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2019.108241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Revised: 08/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has been described as a hepatic manifestation of the metabolic syndrome. When several studies correlated maternal linoleic acid (LA) intake with the development of obesity, only few links have been made between n-6 fatty acid (FA) and NAFLD. Herein, we investigated the influence of both maternal and weaning high LA intake on lipid metabolism and susceptibility to develop later metabolic diseases in offspring. Pregnant rats were fed a control-diet (2% LA) or a LA-rich diet (12% LA) during gestation and lactation. At weaning, offspring was assigned to one of the two diets, i.e., either maintained on the same maternal diet or fed the other diet for 6 months. Physiological, biochemical parameters and hepatic FA metabolism were analyzed. We demonstrated that the interaction between the maternal and weaning LA intake altered metabolism in offspring and could lead to hepatic steatosis. This phenotype was associated with altered hepatic FA content and lipid metabolism. Interaction between maternal and weaning LA intake led to a specific pattern of n-6 and n-3 oxylipins that could participate to the development of hepatic steatosis in offspring. Our findings highlight the significant interaction between maternal and weaning high LA intake to predispose offspring to later metabolic disease and support the predictive adaptive response hypothesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justine Marchix
- Laboratoire de Biochimie et Nutrition Humaine, INRA USC 1378, Agrocampus Ouest, Rennes, France.
| | - Daniel Catheline
- Laboratoire de Biochimie et Nutrition Humaine, INRA USC 1378, Agrocampus Ouest, Rennes, France.
| | - Cécile Duby
- Laboratoire de Biochimie et Nutrition Humaine, INRA USC 1378, Agrocampus Ouest, Rennes, France.
| | | | - Francoise Boissel
- Laboratoire de Biochimie et Nutrition Humaine, INRA USC 1378, Agrocampus Ouest, Rennes, France.
| | - Frédérique Pédrono
- Laboratoire de Biochimie et Nutrition Humaine, INRA USC 1378, Agrocampus Ouest, Rennes, France.
| | - Gaëlle Boudry
- Institut NuMeCan INRA, INSERM, Univ Rennes, Rennes, France.
| | - Philippe Legrand
- Laboratoire de Biochimie et Nutrition Humaine, INRA USC 1378, Agrocampus Ouest, Rennes, France.
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González-Becerra K, Ramos-Lopez O, Barrón-Cabrera E, Riezu-Boj JI, Milagro FI, Martínez-López E, Martínez JA. Fatty acids, epigenetic mechanisms and chronic diseases: a systematic review. Lipids Health Dis 2019; 18:178. [PMID: 31615571 PMCID: PMC6792183 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-019-1120-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic illnesses like obesity, type 2 diabetes (T2D) and cardiovascular diseases, are worldwide major causes of morbidity and mortality. These pathological conditions involve interactions between environmental, genetic, and epigenetic factors. Recent advances in nutriepigenomics are contributing to clarify the role of some nutritional factors, including dietary fatty acids in gene expression regulation. This systematic review assesses currently available information concerning the role of the different fatty acids on epigenetic mechanisms that affect the development of chronic diseases or induce protective effects on metabolic alterations. METHODS A targeted search was conducted in the PubMed/Medline databases using the keywords "fatty acids and epigenetic". The data were analyzed according to the PRISMA-P guidelines. RESULTS Consumption fatty acids like n-3 PUFA: EPA and DHA, and MUFA: oleic and palmitoleic acid was associated with an improvement of metabolic alterations. On the other hand, fatty acids that have been associated with the presence or development of obesity, T2D, pro-inflammatory profile, atherosclerosis and IR were n-6 PUFA, saturated fatty acids (stearic and palmitic), and trans fatty acids (elaidic), have been also linked with epigenetic changes. CONCLUSIONS Fatty acids can regulate gene expression by modifying epigenetic mechanisms and consequently result in positive or negative impacts on metabolic outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- K González-Becerra
- Institute of Traslational Nutrigenetics and Nutrigenomics, Health Sciences University Center, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - O Ramos-Lopez
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science, Physiology and Toxicology, Centre for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Autonomous University of Baja California, Tijuana, B.C., Mexico
| | - E Barrón-Cabrera
- Institute of Traslational Nutrigenetics and Nutrigenomics, Health Sciences University Center, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - J I Riezu-Boj
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science, Physiology and Toxicology, Centre for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - F I Milagro
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science, Physiology and Toxicology, Centre for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain
| | - E Martínez-López
- Institute of Traslational Nutrigenetics and Nutrigenomics, Health Sciences University Center, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico.
- Department of Molecular Biology in Medicine, Health Sciences University Center, University of Guadalajara, Sierra Mojada 950, 44340, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico.
| | - J A Martínez
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science, Physiology and Toxicology, Centre for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain
- Madrid Institute of Advanced Studies (IMDEA Food), Madrid, Spain
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23
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Safi-Stibler S, Gabory A. Epigenetics and the Developmental Origins of Health and Disease: Parental environment signalling to the epigenome, critical time windows and sculpting the adult phenotype. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2019; 97:172-180. [PMID: 31587964 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2019.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Revised: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The literature about Developmental Origins of Health and Disease (DOHaD) studies is considerably growing. Maternal and paternal environment, during all the development of the individual from gametogenesis to weaning and beyond, as well as the psychosocial environment in childhood and teenage, can shape the adult and the elderly person's susceptibility to her/his own environment and diseases. This non-conventional, non-genetic, inheritance is underlain by several mechanisms among which epigenetics is obviously central, due to the notion of memory of early decisional events during development even when this stimulus is gone, that is implied in Waddington's developmental concept. This review first summarizes the different mechanisms by which the environment can model the epigenome: receptor signalling, energy metabolism and signal mechanotransduction from extracellular matrix to chromatin. Then an overview of the epigenetic changes in response to maternal environment during the vulnerability time windows, gametogenesis, early development, placentation and foetal growth, and postnatal period, is described, with the specific example of overnutrition and food deprivation. The implication of epigenetics in DOHaD is obvious, however the precise causal chain from early environment to the epigenome modifications to the phenotype still needs to be deciphered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofiane Safi-Stibler
- UMR BDR, INRA, ENVA, Université Paris Saclay, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France; Sorbonne Université, Collège Doctoral, F-75005, Paris, France
| | - Anne Gabory
- UMR BDR, INRA, ENVA, Université Paris Saclay, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France.
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24
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Long-chain PUFA profiles in parental diets induce long-term effects on growth, fatty acid profiles, expression of fatty acid desaturase 2 and selected immune system-related genes in the offspring of gilthead seabream. Br J Nutr 2019; 122:25-38. [PMID: 31266551 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114519000977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The present study investigated the effects of nutritional programming through parental feeding on offspring performance and expression of selected genes related to stress resistance in a marine teleost. Gilthead seabream broodstock were fed diets containing various fish oil (FO)/vegetable oil ratios to determine their effects on offspring performance along embryogenesis, larval development and juvenile on-growing periods. Increased substitution of dietary FO by linseed oil (LO) up to 80 % LO significantly reduced the total number of eggs produced by kg per female per spawn. Moreover, at 30 d after hatching, parental feeding with increasing LO up to 80 % led to up-regulation of the fatty acyl desaturase 2 gene (fads2) that was correlated with the increase in conversion rates of related PUFA. Besides, cyclo-oxygenase 2 (cox2) and TNF-α (tnf-α) gene expression was also up-regulated by the increase in LO in broodstock diets up to 60 or 80 %, respectively. When 4-month-old offspring were challenged with diets having different levels of FO, the lowest growth was found in juveniles from broodstock fed 100 % FO. An increase in LO levels in the broodstock diet up to 60LO raised LC-PUFA levels in the juveniles, regardless of the juvenile's diet. The results showed that it is possible to nutritionally programme gilthead seabream offspring through the modification of the fatty acid profiles of parental diets to improve the growth performance of juveniles fed low FO diets, inducing long-term changes in PUFA metabolism with up-regulation of fads2 expression. The present study provided the first pieces of evidence of the up-regulation of immune system-related genes in the offspring of parents fed increased FO replacement by LO.
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Losol P, Rezwan FI, Patil VK, Venter C, Ewart S, Zhang H, Arshad SH, Karmaus W, Holloway JW. Effect of gestational oily fish intake on the risk of allergy in children may be influenced by FADS1/2, ELOVL5 expression and DNA methylation. GENES & NUTRITION 2019; 14:20. [PMID: 31244960 PMCID: PMC6582528 DOI: 10.1186/s12263-019-0644-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence suggests that prenatal exposure to n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFA) reduces the incidence of allergic disease in children. LCPUFAs are produced from dietary precursors catalyzed by desaturases and elongases encoded by the FADS1/2 and ELOVL5 genes. DNA methylation regulates gene activity and fatty acid supplementation could alter DNA methylation (DNA-M) at these genes. We investigated whether DNA-M and expression of the FADS1/2 and ELOVL5 genes were associated with allergy in children and gestational fish intake. We studied 170 participants from the Isle of Wight 3rd Generation Cohort, UK. Phenotype data and exposure was assessed by questionnaires. Genome-wide DNA-M in cord blood samples was quantified using the Illumina Infinium HumanMethylation450 and EPIC Beadchips. Five SNPs (single-nucleotide polymorphisms) in the FADS gene cluster and one SNP in ELOVL5 were genotyped in offspring. FADS gene expression in offspring cord blood was determined. RESULTS Gestational fish intake was significantly associated with increased methylation of cg12517394 (P = 0.049), which positively correlated with FADS1 mRNA levels (P = 0.021). ELOVL5 rs2397142 was significantly associated with eczema (P = 0.011) and methylation at cg11748354 and cg24524396 (P < 0.001 and P = 0.036, respectively). Gestational fish intake was strongly associated with elevated DNA-M at cg11748354 and cg24524396 (P = 0.029 and P = 0.002, respectively) and reduced ELOVL5 mRNA expression (P = 0.028). CONCLUSION The association between induced FADS1/2 and ELOVL5 DNA-M and reduced gene expression due to gestational fish intake provide a mechanistic explanation of the previously observed association between maternal LCPUFA intake and allergy development in early childhood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Purevsuren Losol
- Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, School of Biomedicine, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
| | - Faisal I. Rezwan
- Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Veeresh K. Patil
- The David Hide Asthma and Allergy Research Centre, Isle of Wight, UK
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Carina Venter
- The David Hide Asthma and Allergy Research Centre, Isle of Wight, UK
| | - Susan Ewart
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI USA
| | - Hongmei Zhang
- Division of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN USA
| | - S. Hasan Arshad
- The David Hide Asthma and Allergy Research Centre, Isle of Wight, UK
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Wilfried Karmaus
- Division of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN USA
| | - John W. Holloway
- Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
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26
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Increased adiposity, inflammation, metabolic disruption and dyslipidemia in adult male offspring of DOSS treated C57BL/6 dams. Sci Rep 2019; 9:1530. [PMID: 30728429 PMCID: PMC6365642 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-38383-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2018] [Accepted: 12/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Evidence indicates that obesity can be promoted by chemical ‘obesogens’ that drive adiposity, hunger, inflammation and suppress metabolism. Dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate (DOSS), a lipid emulsifier and candidate obesogen in vitro, is widely used in processed foods, cosmetics and as stool softener medicines commonly used during pregnancy. In vivo testing of DOSS was performed in a developmental origins of adult obesity model. Pregnant mice were orally administered vehicle control or DOSS at times and doses comparable to stool softener use during human pregnancy. All weaned offspring consumed only standard diet. Adult male but not female offspring of DOSS-treated dams showed significantly increased body mass, overall and visceral fat masses, and decreased bone area. They exhibited significant decreases in plasma adiponectin and increases in leptin, glucose intolerance and hyperinsulinemia. Inflammatory IL-6 was elevated, as was adipose Cox2 and Nox4 gene expressions, which may be associated with promoter DNA methylation changes. Multiple significant phospholipid/sterol lipid increases paralleled profiles from long-term high-fat diet induced obesity in males. Collectively, developmental DOSS exposure leads to increased adult adiposity, inflammation, metabolic disorder and dyslipidemia in offspring fed a standard diet, suggesting that pharmaceutical and other sources of DOSS taken during human pregnancy might contribute to long-term obesity-related health concerns in offspring.
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27
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Tindula G, Lee D, Huen K, Bradman A, Eskenazi B, Holland N. Pregnancy lipidomic profiles and DNA methylation in newborns from the CHAMACOS cohort. ENVIRONMENTAL EPIGENETICS 2019; 5:dvz004. [PMID: 30956810 PMCID: PMC6444381 DOI: 10.1093/eep/dvz004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Revised: 02/25/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Lipids play a role in many biological functions and the newly emerging field of lipidomics aims to characterize the varying classes of lipid molecules present in biological specimens. Animal models have shown associations between maternal dietary supplementation with fatty acids during pregnancy and epigenetic changes in their offspring, demonstrating a mechanism through which prenatal environment can affect outcomes in children; however, data on maternal lipid metabolite levels during pregnancy and newborn DNA methylation in humans are sparse. In this study, we assessed the relationship of maternal lipid metabolites measured in the blood from pregnant women with newborn DNA methylation profiles in the Center for the Health Assessment of Mothers and Children of Salinas cohort. Targeted metabolomics was performed by selected reaction monitoring liquid chromatography and triple quadrupole mass spectrometry to measure 92 metabolites in plasma samples of pregnant women at ∼26 weeks gestation. DNA methylation was assessed using the Infinium HumanMethylation 450K BeadChip adjusting for cord blood cell composition. We uncovered numerous false discovery rate significant associations between maternal metabolite levels, particularly phospholipid and lysolipid metabolites, and newborn methylation. The majority of the observed relationships were negative, suggesting that higher lipid metabolites during pregnancy are associated with lower methylation levels at genes related to fetal development. These results further elucidate the complex relationship between early life exposures, maternal lipid metabolites, and infant epigenetic status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gwen Tindula
- School of Public Health, Center for Environmental Research and Children’s Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | | | - Karen Huen
- School of Public Health, Center for Environmental Research and Children’s Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Asa Bradman
- School of Public Health, Center for Environmental Research and Children’s Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Brenda Eskenazi
- School of Public Health, Center for Environmental Research and Children’s Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Nina Holland
- School of Public Health, Center for Environmental Research and Children’s Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
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28
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Maktoobian Baharanchi E, Moradi Sarabi M, Naghibalhossaini F. Effects of Dietary Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids on DNA Methylation and the Expression of DNMT3b and PPARα Genes in Rats. Avicenna J Med Biotechnol 2018; 10:214-219. [PMID: 30555653 PMCID: PMC6252034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2017] [Accepted: 07/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have suggested a protective role for Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids (PUFA) against cancer, cardiovascular, and other diseases. To provide new insights into the in vivo effects of PUFA on gene expression, the effects of dietary PUFA on DNMT3b and PPARα gene expression and global DNA methylation were investigated in selected rat tissues. METHODS Thirty sprague-dawley rats were allotted into 3 dietary groups of ten animals each, received experimental diets containing PUFAs every day by gavages for 12 weeks as follows: control group fed a normal diet and water; n-3 PUFAs group received 300 mg/kg/day n-3 PUFAs supplementation; mixed-PUFAs group received 300 mg/kg/day of a mixture of n-3, -6, -9 PUFAs supplementations. The expressions of DNMT3b and PPARα genes were quantitated using real-time RT-PCR. The genome-wide 5-methylcytosine contents in rat tissues were determined by ELISA method. RESULTS The average expression of the DNMT3b mRNA was 50% lower in the colon and liver of rats fed the n-3- or mixed-PUFAs supplemented diet than control group (p=0.00). However, PPARα expression was significantly upregulated both in the colon and liver of PUFAs-supplemented rats (p<0.001). No significant difference was observed in the blood, colon, and liver DNA methylation levels between PUFAs-supplemented and control animals. CONCLUSION The results indicate that dietary PUFAs could modulate the expressions of PPARα and DNMT3b genes in various rat tissues. The findings of this study provide additional insights into the in vivo mechanism of PUFA-mediated regulation of gene expression and could provide an opportunity to develop personalized diets for related disease control.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mostafa Moradi Sarabi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Fakhraddin Naghibalhossaini
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Autoimmune Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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29
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Maher M, Diesch J, Casquero R, Buschbeck M. Epigenetic-Transcriptional Regulation of Fatty Acid Metabolism and Its Alterations in Leukaemia. Front Genet 2018; 9:405. [PMID: 30319689 PMCID: PMC6165860 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2018.00405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years fatty acid metabolism has gained greater attention in haematologic cancers such as acute myeloid leukaemia. The oxidation of fatty acids provides fuel in the form of ATP and NADH, while fatty acid synthesis provides building blocks for cellular structures. Here, we will discuss how leukaemic cells differ from healthy cells in their increased reliance on fatty acid metabolism. In order to understand how these changes are achieved, we describe the main pathways regulating fatty acid metabolism at the transcriptional level and highlight the limited knowledge about related epigenetic mechanisms. We explore these mechanisms in the context of leukaemia and consider the relevance of the bone marrow microenvironment in disease management. Finally, we discuss efforts to interfere with fatty acid metabolism as a therapeutic strategy along with the use of metabolic parameters as biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Maher
- Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute (IJC), Campus ICO-Germans Trias i Pujol-Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jeannine Diesch
- Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute (IJC), Campus ICO-Germans Trias i Pujol-Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Raquel Casquero
- Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute (IJC), Campus ICO-Germans Trias i Pujol-Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marcus Buschbeck
- Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute (IJC), Campus ICO-Germans Trias i Pujol-Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Program for Predictive and Personalized Medicine of Cancer, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (PMPPC-IGTP), Barcelona, Spain
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30
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Price LR, Lillycrop KA, Irvine NA, Hanson MA, Burdge GC. Transcriptome-wide analysis suggests that temporal changes in the relative contributions of hyperplasia, hypertrophy and apoptosis underlie liver growth in pregnant mice. Biol Reprod 2018; 97:762-771. [PMID: 29091992 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/iox136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2017] [Accepted: 10/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Maternal liver undergoes structural and metabolic changes during pregnancy to meet the demands of the developing fetus. In rodents, this involves increased liver weight, but the mechanism remains unclear. To address this, we analyzed the histology, gene expression, and DNA methylation of livers of nonpregnant and pregnant C57/BL6 mice. Gestational liver growth in pregnant mice was accompanied by increased hepatocyte area and lower cell density (days 14 and 18). Expression of cell proliferation markers was increased on days 14 and 18. A total of 115 genes were differentially expressed on day 14 and 123 genes on day 18 (79 on both days). Pathway analysis indicated that pregnancy involves progressive increase in cell proliferation and decreased apoptosis. This was confirmed using archived data from the FVB wild-type mouse liver transcriptome. Four differentially DNA methylated and two differentially DNA hydroxymethylated regions identified on days 14 and 18 by methylome-wide analysis, but were not associated with altered gene expression. Long interspersed nuclear element-1 hypomethylation on days 14 and 18 was accompanied by increased ten-eleven translocase-2 and decreased DNA methyltransferase 3a and 3b expression. These findings suggest that gestational liver growth involves increased mitosis and hypertrophy, and decreased apoptosis contingent on pregnancy stage. Such changes may involve repetitive sequence, but not gene specific, DNA methylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonie R Price
- Academic Unit of Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Karen A Lillycrop
- Centre for Biological Sciences, Faculty of Natural and Environmental Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Nicola A Irvine
- Academic Unit of Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Mark A Hanson
- Academic Unit of Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Graham C Burdge
- Academic Unit of Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
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31
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Rahbar E, Waits CMK, Kirby EH, Miller LR, Ainsworth HC, Cui T, Sergeant S, Howard TD, Langefeld CD, Chilton FH. Allele-specific methylation in the FADS genomic region in DNA from human saliva, CD4+ cells, and total leukocytes. Clin Epigenetics 2018; 10:46. [PMID: 29636834 PMCID: PMC5889567 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-018-0480-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Genetic variants within the fatty acid desaturase (FADS) gene cluster (human Chr11) are important regulators of long-chain (LC) polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) biosynthesis in the liver and consequently have been associated with circulating LC-PUFA levels. More recently, epigenetic modifications such as DNA methylation, particularly within the FADS cluster, have been shown to affect LC-PUFA levels. Our lab previously demonstrated strong associations of allele-specific methylation (ASM) between a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs174537 and CpG sites across the FADS region in human liver tissues. Given that epigenetic signatures are tissue-specific, we aimed to evaluate the methylation status and ASM associations between rs174537 and DNA methylation obtained from human saliva, CD4+ cells and total leukocytes derived from whole blood. The goals were to (1) determine if DNA methylation from these peripheral samples would display similar ASM trends as previously observed in human liver tissues and (2) evaluate the associations between DNA methylation and circulating LC-PUFAs. Results DNA methylation at six CpG sites spanning FADS1 and FADS2 promoter regions and a putative FADS enhancer region were determined in two Caucasian cohorts of healthy volunteers: leukocytes in cohort 1 (n = 89, median age = 43, 35% male) and saliva and CD4+ cells in cohort 2 (n = 32, median age = 41, 41% male). Significant ASM between rs174537 and DNA methylation at three CpG sites located in the FADS2 promoter region (i.e., chr11:61594865, chr11:61594876, chr11:61594907) and one CpG site in the putative enhancer region (chr11:61587979) were observed with leukocytes. In CD4+ cells, significant ASM was observed at CpG sites chr11:61594876 and chr11:61584894. Genotype at rs174537 was significantly associated with DNA methylation from leukocytes. Similar trends were observed with CD4+ cells, but not with saliva. DNA methylation from leukocytes and CD4+ cells also significantly correlated with circulating omega-6 LC-PUFAs. Conclusions We observed significant ASM between rs174537 and DNA methylation at key regulatory regions in the FADS region from leukocyte and CD4+ cells. DNA methylation from leukocytes also correlated with circulating omega-6 LC-PUFAs. These results support the use of peripheral whole blood samples, with leukocytes showing the most promise for future nutrigenomic studies evaluating epigenetic modifications affecting LC-PUFA biosynthesis in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elaheh Rahbar
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Virginia-Tech Wake Forest School of Biomedical Engineering and Sciences, 575 N. Patterson Ave. Suite 120, Winston-Salem, NC 27101 USA
- Virginia-Tech Wake Forest School of Biomedical Engineering and Sciences, Blacksburg, VA USA
| | - Charlotte Mae K. Waits
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Virginia-Tech Wake Forest School of Biomedical Engineering and Sciences, 575 N. Patterson Ave. Suite 120, Winston-Salem, NC 27101 USA
- Virginia-Tech Wake Forest School of Biomedical Engineering and Sciences, Blacksburg, VA USA
| | - Edward H. Kirby
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Virginia-Tech Wake Forest School of Biomedical Engineering and Sciences, 575 N. Patterson Ave. Suite 120, Winston-Salem, NC 27101 USA
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, 575 N. Patterson Ave. Suite 310, Winston-Salem, NC 27101 USA
| | - Leslie R. Miller
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, 575 N. Patterson Ave. Suite 310, Winston-Salem, NC 27101 USA
| | - Hannah C. Ainsworth
- Department of Biostatistical Sciences, Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Blvd/525 Vine Street, Winston-Salem, NC 27157-1063 USA
| | - Tao Cui
- Department of Urology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, 1 Medical Center Blvd, Winston-Salem, NC 27157 USA
| | - Susan Sergeant
- Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest School of Medicine, 1 Medical Center Blvd, Winston-Salem, NC 27157 USA
| | - Timothy D. Howard
- Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest School of Medicine, 1 Medical Center Blvd, Winston-Salem, NC 27157 USA
| | - Carl D. Langefeld
- Department of Biostatistical Sciences, Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Blvd/525 Vine Street, Winston-Salem, NC 27157-1063 USA
| | - Floyd H. Chilton
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, 575 N. Patterson Ave. Suite 310, Winston-Salem, NC 27101 USA
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Rudolph MC, Jackman MR, Presby DM, Houck JA, Webb PG, Johnson GC, Soderborg TK, de la Houssaye BA, Yang IV, Friedman JE, MacLean PS. Low Neonatal Plasma n-6/n-3 PUFA Ratios Regulate Offspring Adipogenic Potential and Condition Adult Obesity Resistance. Diabetes 2018; 67:651-661. [PMID: 29138256 PMCID: PMC5860857 DOI: 10.2337/db17-0890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2017] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Adipose tissue expansion progresses rapidly during postnatal life, influenced by both prenatal maternal factors and postnatal developmental cues. The ratio of omega-6 (n-6) relative to n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) is believed to regulate perinatal adipogenesis, but the cellular mechanisms and long-term effects are not well understood. We lowered the fetal and postnatal n-6/n-3 PUFA ratio exposure in wild-type offspring under standard maternal dietary fat amounts to test the effects of low n-6/n-3 ratios on offspring adipogenesis and adipogenic potential. Relative to wild-type pups receiving high perinatal n-6/n-3 ratios, subcutaneous adipose tissue in 14-day-old wild-type pups receiving low n-6/n-3 ratios had more adipocytes that were smaller in size; decreased Pparγ2, Fabp4, and Plin1; several lipid metabolism mRNAs; coincident hypermethylation of the PPARγ2 proximal promoter; and elevated circulating adiponectin. As adults, offspring that received low perinatal n-6/n-3 ratios were diet-induced obesity (DIO) resistant and had a lower positive energy balance and energy intake, greater lipid fuel preference and non-resting energy expenditure, one-half the body fat, and better glucose clearance. Together, the findings support a model in which low early-life n-6/n-3 ratios remodel adipose morphology to increase circulating adiponectin, resulting in a persistent adult phenotype with improved metabolic flexibility that prevents DIO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael C Rudolph
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO
| | - Matthew R Jackman
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO
| | - David M Presby
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO
| | - Julie A Houck
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO
| | - Patricia G Webb
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO
| | - Ginger C Johnson
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO
| | - Taylor K Soderborg
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Neonatology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO
| | - Becky A de la Houssaye
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Neonatology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO
| | - Ivana V Yang
- Division of Biomedical Informatics and Personalized Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO
| | - Jacob E Friedman
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Neonatology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO
| | - Paul S MacLean
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO
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Reynolds LM, Howard TD, Ruczinski I, Kanchan K, Seeds MC, Mathias RA, Chilton FH. Tissue-specific impact of FADS cluster variants on FADS1 and FADS2 gene expression. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0194610. [PMID: 29590160 PMCID: PMC5874031 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0194610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2017] [Accepted: 03/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Omega-6 (n-6) and omega-3 (n-3) long (≥ 20 carbon) chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFAs) play a critical role in human health and disease. Biosynthesis of LC-PUFAs from dietary 18 carbon PUFAs in tissues such as the liver is highly associated with genetic variation within the fatty acid desaturase (FADS) gene cluster, containing FADS1 and FADS2 that encode the rate-limiting desaturation enzymes in the LC-PUFA biosynthesis pathway. However, the molecular mechanisms by which FADS genetic variants affect LC-PUFA biosynthesis, and in which tissues, are unclear. The current study examined associations between common single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within the FADS gene cluster and FADS1 and FADS2 gene expression in 44 different human tissues (sample sizes ranging 70-361) from the Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) Project. FADS1 and FADS2 expression were detected in all 44 tissues. Significant cis-eQTLs (within 1 megabase of each gene, False Discovery Rate, FDR<0.05, as defined by GTEx) were identified in 12 tissues for FADS1 gene expression and 23 tissues for FADS2 gene expression. Six tissues had significant (FDR< 0.05) eQTLs associated with both FADS1 and FADS2 (including artery, esophagus, heart, muscle, nerve, and thyroid). Interestingly, the identified eQTLs were consistently found to be associated in opposite directions for FADS1 and FADS2 expression. Taken together, findings from this study suggest common SNPs within the FADS gene cluster impact the transcription of FADS1 and FADS2 in numerous tissues and raise important questions about how the inverse expression of these two genes impact intermediate molecular (such a LC-PUFA and LC-PUFA-containing glycerolipid levels) and ultimately clinical phenotypes associated with inflammatory diseases and brain health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsay M. Reynolds
- Department of Epidemiology & Prevention, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Timothy D. Howard
- Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Ingo Ruczinski
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Kanika Kanchan
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Michael C. Seeds
- Department of Internal Medicine/Section on Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Rasika A. Mathias
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Floyd H. Chilton
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States of America
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Sibbons CM, Irvine NA, Pérez-Mojica JE, Calder PC, Lillycrop KA, Fielding BA, Burdge GC. Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Biosynthesis Involving Δ8 Desaturation and Differential DNA Methylation of FADS2 Regulates Proliferation of Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells. Front Immunol 2018; 9:432. [PMID: 29556240 PMCID: PMC5844933 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are important for immune function. Limited evidence indicates that immune cell activation involves endogenous PUFA synthesis, but this has not been characterised. To address this, we measured metabolism of 18:3n-3 in quiescent and activated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), and in Jurkat T cell leukaemia. PBMCs from men and women (n = 34) were incubated with [1-13C]18:3n-3 with or without Concanavalin A (Con. A). 18:3n-3 conversion was undetectable in unstimulated PBMCs, but up-regulated when stimulated. The main products were 20:3n-3 and 20:4n-3, while 18:4n-3 was undetectable, suggesting initial elongation and Δ8 desaturation. PUFA synthesis was 17.4-fold greater in Jurkat cells than PBMCs. The major products of 18:3n-3 conversion in Jurkat cells were 20:4n-3, 20:5n-3, and 22:5n-3. 13C Enrichment of 18:4n-3 and 20:3n-3 suggests parallel initial elongation and Δ6 desaturation. The FADS2 inhibitor SC26196 reduced PBMC, but not Jurkat cell, proliferation suggesting PUFA synthesis is involved in regulating mitosis in PBMCs. Con. A stimulation increased FADS2, FADS1, ELOVL5 and ELOVL4 mRNA expression in PBMCs. A single transcript corresponding to the major isoform of FADS2, FADS20001, was detected in PBMCs and Jurkat cells. PBMC activation induced hypermethylation of a 470bp region in the FADS2 5'-regulatory sequence. This region was hypomethylated in Jurkat cells compared to quiescent PBMCs. These findings show that PUFA synthesis involving initial elongation and Δ8 desaturation is involved in regulating PBMC proliferation and is regulated via transcription possibly by altered DNA methylation. These processes were dysregulated in Jurkat cells. This has implications for understanding the regulation of mitosis in normal and transformed lymphocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlene M Sibbons
- Academic Unit of Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, Hampshire, United Kingdom.,Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, United Kingdom
| | - Nicola A Irvine
- Academic Unit of Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, Hampshire, United Kingdom
| | - J Eduardo Pérez-Mojica
- Academic Unit of Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, Hampshire, United Kingdom
| | - Philip C Calder
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, University of Southampton, Southampton, Hampshire, United Kingdom
| | - Karen A Lillycrop
- Centre for Biological Sciences, Faculty of Natural and Environmental Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, Hampshire, United Kingdom
| | - Barbara A Fielding
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, United Kingdom
| | - Graham C Burdge
- Academic Unit of Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, Hampshire, United Kingdom
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Mennitti LV, Oyama LM, Santamarina AB, do Nascimento CMDPO, Pisani LP. Early exposure to distinct sources of lipids affects differently the development and hepatic inflammatory profiles of 21-day-old rat offspring. J Inflamm Res 2018; 11:11-24. [PMID: 29403301 PMCID: PMC5783012 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s152326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Maternal diet composition of fatty acids during pregnancy and lactation seems to modify the fetal programming, epigenetic pattern and offspring phenotype. Aim Herein, we investigated the effects of maternal consumption of normal-fat diets with distinct lipid sources during pregnancy and lactation on the somatic development and proinflammatory status of 21-day-old rat offspring. Materials and Methods On the first day of pregnancy, female Wistar rats were divided into four groups as follows: soybean oil (M-SO), lard (M-L), hydrogenated vegetable fat (M-HVF) and fish oil (M-FO). Diets were maintained during pregnancy and lactation. Male offspring constituted the SO, L, HVF and FO groups. Pups were weighed and measured weekly. Lipopolysaccharide serum concentration was determined. Tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-10 in the liver were evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Liver gene expressions were determined by real-time polymerase chain reaction. Protein expressions in the liver were analyzed by Western blotting. Results We observed an increase in body weight and adiposity in L and HVF groups. Moreover, HVF group showed an increase in the toll-like receptor 4 mRNA levels, IL10Rα and phosphorylated form of IκB kinase (IKK; p-IKKα+β) protein expression. The FO group presented a decrease in body weight, relative weight of retroperitoneal adipose tissue, ADIPOR2 gene expression, lipopolysaccharide and p-IKKα+β and phosphorylated form of nuclear transcription factor kappa B (NFκB) p50 (p-NFκB p50) protein expression. Conclusion Summarily, whereas maternal intake of normal-fat diets based on L and HVF appear to affect the somatic development negatively, only early exposure to HVF impairs the pups’ proinflammatory status. In contrast, maternal diets based on FO during pregnancy and lactation have been more beneficial to the adiposity and toll-like receptor 4 signaling pathway of the 21-day-old rat offspring, particularly when compared to L or HVF diets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laís Vales Mennitti
- PhD Program 'Interdisciplinar in Health Sciences', Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Santos, SP, Brazil
| | - Lila Missae Oyama
- Department of Physiology, Discipline of Nutrition Physiology, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Aline Boveto Santamarina
- PhD Program 'Interdisciplinar in Health Sciences', Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Santos, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Luciana Pellegrini Pisani
- Department of Biosciences, Institute of Health and Society, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Santos, SP, Brazil
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Myatt L, Thornburg KL. Effects of Prenatal Nutrition and the Role of the Placenta in Health and Disease. Methods Mol Biol 2018; 1735:19-46. [PMID: 29380305 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-7614-0_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Epidemiologic studies identified the linkage between exposures to stresses, including the type and plane of nutrition in utero with development of disease in later life. Given the critical roles of the placenta in mediating transport of nutrients between the mother and fetus and regulation of maternal metabolism, recent attention has focused on the role of the placenta in mediating the effect of altered nutritional exposures on the development of disease in later life. In this chapter we describe the mechanisms of nutrient transport in the placenta, the influence of placental metabolism on this, and how placental energetics influence placental function in response to a variety of stressors. Further the recent "recognition" that the placenta itself has a sex which affects its function may begin to help elucidate the mechanisms underlying the well-known dimorphism in development of disease in adult life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leslie Myatt
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA. .,Bob and Charlee Moore Institute for Nutrition & Wellness, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA.
| | - Kent L Thornburg
- Bob and Charlee Moore Institute for Nutrition & Wellness, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA.,Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
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Chilton FH, Dutta R, Reynolds LM, Sergeant S, Mathias RA, Seeds MC. Precision Nutrition and Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids: A Case for Personalized Supplementation Approaches for the Prevention and Management of Human Diseases. Nutrients 2017; 9:E1165. [PMID: 29068398 PMCID: PMC5707637 DOI: 10.3390/nu9111165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2017] [Revised: 10/07/2017] [Accepted: 10/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dietary essential omega-6 (n-6) and omega-3 (n-3) 18 carbon (18C-) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), linoleic acid (LA) and α-linolenic acid (ALA), can be converted (utilizing desaturase and elongase enzymes encoded by FADS and ELOVL genes) to biologically-active long chain (LC; >20)-PUFAs by numerous cells and tissues. These n-6 and n-3 LC-PUFAs and their metabolites (ex, eicosanoids and endocannabinoids) play critical signaling and structural roles in almost all physiologic and pathophysiologic processes. METHODS This review summarizes: (1) the biosynthesis, metabolism and roles of LC-PUFAs; (2) the potential impact of rapidly altering the intake of dietary LA and ALA; (3) the genetics and evolution of LC-PUFA biosynthesis; (4) Gene-diet interactions that may lead to excess levels of n-6 LC-PUFAs and deficiencies of n-3 LC-PUFAs; and (5) opportunities for precision nutrition approaches to personalize n-3 LC-PUFA supplementation for individuals and populations. CONCLUSIONS The rapid nature of transitions in 18C-PUFA exposure together with the genetic variation in the LC-PUFA biosynthetic pathway found in different populations make mal-adaptations a likely outcome of our current nutritional environment. Understanding this genetic variation in the context of 18C-PUFA dietary exposure should enable the development of individualized n-3 LC-PUFA supplementation regimens to prevent and manage human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Floyd H Chilton
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA.
| | - Rahul Dutta
- Department of Urology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA.
| | - Lindsay M Reynolds
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA.
| | - Susan Sergeant
- Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA.
| | - Rasika A Mathias
- GeneSTAR Research Program, General Internal Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA.
| | - Michael C Seeds
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA.
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Osborne AJ, Dearden PK. A 'phenotypic hangover': the predictive adaptive response and multigenerational effects of altered nutrition on the transcriptome of Drosophila melanogaster. ENVIRONMENTAL EPIGENETICS 2017; 3:dvx019. [PMID: 29492318 PMCID: PMC5804559 DOI: 10.1093/eep/dvx019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2017] [Revised: 10/09/2017] [Accepted: 10/17/2017] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The Developmental Origins of Health and Disease hypothesis predicts that early-life environmental exposures can be detrimental to later-life health and that mismatch between the pre- and post-natal environment may contribute to the growing non-communicable disease epidemic. Within this is an increasingly recognized role for epigenetic mechanisms; for example, epigenetic modifications can be influenced by nutrition and can alter gene expression in mothers and offspring. Currently, there are few whole-genome transcriptional studies of response to nutritional alteration. Thus, we sought to explore how nutrition affects the expression of genes involved in epigenetic processes in Drosophila melanogaster. We manipulated Drosophila food macronutrient composition at the F0 generation, mismatched F1 offspring back to a standard diet and analysed the transcriptome of the F0-F3 generations by RNA sequencing. At F0, the altered (high-protein, low-carbohydrate) diet increased expression of genes classified as having roles in epigenetic processes, with co-ordinated down-regulation of genes involved in immunity, neurotransmission and neurodevelopment, oxidative stress and metabolism. Upon reversion to standard nutrition, mismatched F1 and F2 generations displayed multigenerational inheritance of altered gene expression. By the F3 generation, gene expression had reverted to F0 (matched) levels. These nutritionally induced gene expression changes demonstrate that dietary alterations can up-regulate epigenetic genes, which may influence the expression of genes with broad biological functions. Furthermore, the multigenerational inheritance of the gene expression changes in F1 and F2 mismatched generations suggests a predictive adaptive response to maternal nutrition, aiding the understanding of the interaction between maternal diet and offspring health, with direct implications for the current non-communicable disease epidemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy J Osborne
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
- Correspondence address. Department of Biochemistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand. Tel: +64 3 364 2555; E-mail:
| | - Peter K Dearden
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
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Epigenetic effects of the pregnancy Mediterranean diet adherence on the offspring metabolic syndrome markers. J Physiol Biochem 2017; 73:495-510. [PMID: 28921259 DOI: 10.1007/s13105-017-0592-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2017] [Accepted: 09/07/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MS) has a multifactorial and not yet fully clarified origin. Insulin resistance is a key element that connects all the accepted components of MS (obesity, dyslipemia, high blood pressure, and hyperglycemia). There is strong evidence that epigenetic changes during fetal development are key factors in the development of MS. These changes are induced by maternal nutrition, among different factors, affecting the intrauterine environment. The Mediterranean diet has been shown to be a healthy eating pattern that protects against the development of MS in adults. Similarly, the Mediterranean diet could have a similar action during pregnancy, protecting the fetus against the development of MS throughout life. This review assembles studies carried out, both in animals and humans, on the epigenetic modifications associated with the consumption, during pregnancy, of Mediterranean diet main components. The relationship between these modifications and the occurrence of factors involved in development of MS is also explained. In addition, the results of our group relating adherence to the Mediterranean diet with MS markers are discussed. The paper ends suggesting future actuation lines in order to increase knowledge on Mediterranean diet adherence as a prevention tool of MS development.
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Maekawa M, Watanabe A, Iwayama Y, Kimura T, Hamazaki K, Balan S, Ohba H, Hisano Y, Nozaki Y, Ohnishi T, Toyoshima M, Shimamoto C, Iwamoto K, Bundo M, Osumi N, Takahashi E, Takashima A, Yoshikawa T. Polyunsaturated fatty acid deficiency during neurodevelopment in mice models the prodromal state of schizophrenia through epigenetic changes in nuclear receptor genes. Transl Psychiatry 2017; 7:e1229. [PMID: 28872641 PMCID: PMC5639238 DOI: 10.1038/tp.2017.182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2017] [Revised: 06/26/2017] [Accepted: 07/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The risk of schizophrenia is increased in offspring whose mothers experience malnutrition during pregnancy. Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are dietary components that are crucial for the structural and functional integrity of neural cells, and PUFA deficiency has been shown to be a risk factor for schizophrenia. Here, we show that gestational and early postnatal dietary deprivation of two PUFAs-arachidonic acid (AA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)-elicited schizophrenia-like phenotypes in mouse offspring at adulthood. In the PUFA-deprived mouse group, we observed lower motivation and higher sensitivity to a hallucinogenic drug resembling the prodromal symptoms in schizophrenia. Furthermore, a working-memory task-evoked hyper-neuronal activity in the medial prefrontal cortex was also observed, along with the downregulation of genes in the prefrontal cortex involved in oligodendrocyte integrity and the gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-ergic system. Regulation of these genes was mediated by the nuclear receptor genes Rxr and Ppar, whose promoters were hyper-methylated by the deprivation of dietary AA and DHA. In addition, the RXR agonist bexarotene upregulated oligodendrocyte- and GABA-related gene expression and suppressed the sensitivity of mice to the hallucinogenic drug. Notably, the expression of these nuclear receptor genes were also downregulated in hair-follicle cells from schizophrenia patients. These results suggest that PUFA deficiency during the early neurodevelopmental period in mice could model the prodromal state of schizophrenia through changes in the epigenetic regulation of nuclear receptor genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Maekawa
- Laboratory for Molecular Psychiatry, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Saitama, Japan
| | - A Watanabe
- Laboratory for Molecular Psychiatry, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Saitama, Japan
| | - Y Iwayama
- Laboratory for Molecular Psychiatry, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Saitama, Japan
| | - T Kimura
- Department of Alzheimer's Disease Research, Center for Development of Advanced Medicine for Dementia, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Aichi, Japan
| | - K Hamazaki
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - S Balan
- Laboratory for Molecular Psychiatry, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Saitama, Japan
| | - H Ohba
- Laboratory for Molecular Psychiatry, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Saitama, Japan
| | - Y Hisano
- Laboratory for Molecular Psychiatry, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Saitama, Japan
| | - Y Nozaki
- Laboratory for Molecular Psychiatry, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Saitama, Japan
| | - T Ohnishi
- Laboratory for Molecular Psychiatry, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Saitama, Japan
| | - M Toyoshima
- Laboratory for Molecular Psychiatry, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Saitama, Japan
| | - C Shimamoto
- Laboratory for Molecular Psychiatry, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Saitama, Japan
| | - K Iwamoto
- Department of Molecular Brain Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - M Bundo
- Department of Molecular Brain Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - N Osumi
- Department of Developmental Neuroscience, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - E Takahashi
- Support Unit for Animal Resources Development, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Saitama, Japan
| | - A Takashima
- Laboratory for Molecular Psychiatry, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Saitama, Japan
- Department of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Science, Gakushuin University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - T Yoshikawa
- Laboratory for Molecular Psychiatry, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Saitama, Japan
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Maternal intake of trans-unsaturated or interesterified fatty acids during pregnancy and lactation modifies mitochondrial bioenergetics in the liver of adult offspring in mice. Br J Nutr 2017; 118:41-52. [DOI: 10.1017/s0007114517001817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThe quality of dietary lipids in the maternal diet can programme the offspring to diseases in later life. We investigated whether the maternal intake of palm oil or interesterified fat, substitutes for trans-unsaturated fatty acids (FA), induces metabolic changes in the adult offspring. During pregnancy and lactation, C57BL/6 female mice received normolipidic diets containing partially hydrogenated vegetable fat rich in trans-unsaturated fatty acids (TG), palm oil (PG), interesterified fat (IG) or soyabean oil (CG). After weaning, male offspring from all groups received the control diet until day 110. Plasma glucose and TAG and liver FA profiles were ascertained. Liver mitochondrial function was accessed with high-resolution respirometry by measuring VO2, fluorimetry for detection of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) production and mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake. The results showed that the IG offspring presented a 20 % increase in plasma glucose and both the IG and TG offspring presented a 2- and 1·9-fold increase in TAG, respectively, when compared with CG offspring. Liver MUFA and PUFA contents decreased in the TG and IG offspring when compared with CG offspring. Liver MUFA content also decreased in the PG offspring. These modifications in FA composition possibly affected liver mitochondrial function, as respiration was impaired in the TG offspring and H2O2 production was higher in the IG offspring. In addition, mitochondrial Ca2+ retention capacity was reduced by approximately 40 and 55 % in the TG and IG offspring, respectively. In conclusion, maternal consumption of trans-unsaturated and interesterified fat affected offspring health by compromising mitochondrial bioenergetics and lipid metabolism in the liver.
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Ranković S, Popović T, Martačić JD, Petrović S, Tomić M, Ignjatović Đ, Tovilović-Kovačević G, Glibetić M. Liver phospholipids fatty acids composition in response to different types of diets in rats of both sexes. Lipids Health Dis 2017; 16:94. [PMID: 28526084 PMCID: PMC5437631 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-017-0483-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2017] [Accepted: 05/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Dietary intake influence changes in fatty acids (FA) profiles in liver which plays a central role in fatty acid metabolism, triacylglycerol synthesis and energy homeostasis. We investigated the effects of 4-weeks treatment with milk- and fish-based diet, on plasma biochemical parameters and FA composition of liver phospholipids (PL) in rats of both sexes. Methods Adult, 4 months old, Wistar rats of both sexes, were fed with different types of diets: standard, milk-based and fish-based, during 4 weeks. Analytical characterization of different foods was done. Biochemical parameters in plasma were determined. Fatty acid composition was analyzed by gas-chromatography. Statistical significance of FA levels was tested with two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) using the sex of animals and treatment (type of diet) as factors on logarithmic or trigonometric transformed data. Results Our results showed that both, milk- and fish-based diet, changed the composition and ratio of rat liver phospholipids FA, in gender-specific manner. Initially present sex differences appear to be dietary modulated. Although, applied diets changed the ratio of total saturated fatty acids (SFA), monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), and effects were gender specific. Milk-based diet lowered SFA and elevated MUFA in males and increased PUFA in females vs. standard diet. The same diet decreased n-3, increased n-6 and n-6/n-3 ratio in males. Fish-based diet increased n-3, decreased n-6 and n-6/n-3 ratio vs. standard and milk-based diet in females. However, the ratio of individual FA in liver PL was also dietary-influenced, but with gender specific manner. While in females fish-based diet decreased AA (arachidonic acid) increased level of EPA (eicosapentaenoic acid), DPA (docosapentaenoic acid) and DHA (docosahexaenoic acid), the same diet elevated only DHA levels in males. Conclusion Gender related variations in FA composition of rat liver PL were observed, and results have shown that those initial differences could be significantly modulated by the type of diet. Furthermore, the modulatory effects of milk- and fish-based diets on liver phospholipids FA profiles appeared to be sex-specific.
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Affiliation(s)
- Slavica Ranković
- Centre of Research Excellence in Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Medical Research, University of Belgrade, Tadeuša Košćuška 1, Belgrade, 11129, Serbia.
| | - Tamara Popović
- Centre of Research Excellence in Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Medical Research, University of Belgrade, Tadeuša Košćuška 1, Belgrade, 11129, Serbia
| | - Jasmina Debeljak Martačić
- Centre of Research Excellence in Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Medical Research, University of Belgrade, Tadeuša Košćuška 1, Belgrade, 11129, Serbia
| | - Snježana Petrović
- Centre of Research Excellence in Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Medical Research, University of Belgrade, Tadeuša Košćuška 1, Belgrade, 11129, Serbia
| | - Mirko Tomić
- Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", University of Belgrade, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, Belgrade, 11060, Serbia
| | - Đurđica Ignjatović
- Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", University of Belgrade, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, Belgrade, 11060, Serbia
| | - Gordana Tovilović-Kovačević
- Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", University of Belgrade, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, Belgrade, 11060, Serbia
| | - Maria Glibetić
- Centre of Research Excellence in Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Medical Research, University of Belgrade, Tadeuša Košćuška 1, Belgrade, 11129, Serbia
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Park JH, Kim SH, Lee MS, Kim MS. Epigenetic modification by dietary factors: Implications in metabolic syndrome. Mol Aspects Med 2017; 54:58-70. [PMID: 28216432 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2017.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2016] [Revised: 12/26/2016] [Accepted: 01/03/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Dietary factors play a role in normal biological processes and are involved in the regulation of pathological progression over a lifetime. Evidence has emerged indicating that dietary factor-dependent epigenetic modifications can significantly affect genome stability and the expression of mRNA and proteins, which are involved in metabolic dysfunction. Since metabolic syndrome is a progressive phenotype characterized by insulin resistance, obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia, or type 2 diabetes, gene-diet interactions are important processes involved in the initiation of particular symptoms of metabolic syndrome and their progression. Some epigenetic risk markers can be initiated or reversed by diet and environmental factors. In this review, we discuss recent advances in our understanding of the interactions between dietary factors and epigenetic changes in metabolic syndrome. We discuss the contribution of nutritional factors in transgenerational inheritance of epigenetic markers and summarize the current knowledge of epigenetic modifications by dietary bioactive components in metabolic diseases. The intake of dietary components that regulate epigenetic modifications can provide significant health effects and, as an epigenetic diet, may prevent various pathological processes in the development of metabolic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Ho Park
- Division of Metabolism and Nutrition, Korea Food Research Institute, Gyeonggi-do 13539, Republic of Korea; Department of Food Biotechnology, Korea University of Science & Technology, Gyeonggi-do 13539, Republic of Korea
| | - Soon-Hee Kim
- Division of Metabolism and Nutrition, Korea Food Research Institute, Gyeonggi-do 13539, Republic of Korea
| | - Myeong Soo Lee
- Clinical Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung-Sunny Kim
- Division of Metabolism and Nutrition, Korea Food Research Institute, Gyeonggi-do 13539, Republic of Korea; Department of Food Biotechnology, Korea University of Science & Technology, Gyeonggi-do 13539, Republic of Korea.
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44
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Polyunsaturated fatty acids and recurrent mood disorders: Phenomenology, mechanisms, and clinical application. Prog Lipid Res 2017; 66:1-13. [PMID: 28069365 DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2017.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2016] [Revised: 12/20/2016] [Accepted: 01/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
A body of evidence has implicated dietary deficiency in omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA), including eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), in the pathophysiology and etiology of recurrent mood disorders including major depressive disorder (MDD) and bipolar disorder. Cross-national and cross-sectional evidence suggests that greater habitual intake of n-3 PUFA is associated with reduced risk for developing mood symptoms. Meta-analyses provide strong evidence that patients with mood disorders exhibit low blood n-3 PUFA levels which are associated with increased risk for the initial development of mood symptoms in response to inflammation. While the etiology of this n-3 PUFA deficit may be multifactorial, n-3 PUFA supplementation is sufficient to correct this deficit and may also have antidepressant effects. Rodent studies suggest that n-3 PUFA deficiency during perinatal development can recapitulate key neuropathological, neurochemical, and behavioral features associated with mood disorders. Clinical neuroimaging studies suggest that low n-3 PUFA biostatus is associated with abnormalities in cortical structure and function also observed in mood disorders. Collectively, these findings implicate dietary n-3 PUFA insufficiency, particularly during development, in the pathophysiology of mood dysregulation, and support implementation of routine screening for and treatment of n-3 PUFA deficiency in patients with mood disorders.
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45
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Palmer D. Early Nutrition and its Effect on Allergy Development. EARLY NUTRITION AND LONG-TERM HEALTH 2017:175-201. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-08-100168-4.00007-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2025]
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46
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Nagano N, Okada T, Kayama K, Hosono S, Kitamura Y, Takahashi S. Delta-6 desaturase activity during the first year of life in preterm infants. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2016; 115:8-11. [PMID: 27914518 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2016.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2016] [Revised: 09/26/2016] [Accepted: 09/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Term neonates have high delta-6 desaturase (D6D) activity, which is important for regulating polyunsaturated fatty acid's (PUFA) nutritional status. The aim was to investigate D6D activity in preterm infants and its postnatal changes. Forty-three appropriate-for-gestational-age infants were included. PUFA in red blood cells was analyzed at birth and at one, six, and 12 months of age. D6D activity was estimated by 20:3n-6/18:2n-6 ratio. At birth, preterm infants had D6D activity as high as that of term infants; D6D activity declined to about one-third at one month, then further decreased to about one-sixth at six months and remained stable until 12 months. The postnatal change in arachidonic acid exhibited a similar pattern to that of D6D activity; however, docosahexaenoic acid showed a transient decrease at one month and recovered to the cord blood level at six months. D6D may regulate PUFA profile in preterm infants, especially during the early postnatal period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuhiko Nagano
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomoo Okada
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Nutrition and Life Science, Kanagawa Institute of Technology, Kanagawa, Japan.
| | - Kazunori Kayama
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shigeharu Hosono
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yohei Kitamura
- Nutritional Science Institute, Morinaga Milk Industry Co., Ltd., Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Shigeru Takahashi
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Baker EJ, Miles EA, Burdge GC, Yaqoob P, Calder PC. Metabolism and functional effects of plant-derived omega-3 fatty acids in humans. Prog Lipid Res 2016; 64:30-56. [DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2016.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 224] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2016] [Revised: 07/28/2016] [Accepted: 07/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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48
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McNamara RK. Role of Omega-3 Fatty Acids in the Etiology, Treatment, and Prevention of Depression: Current Status and Future Directions. JOURNAL OF NUTRITION & INTERMEDIARY METABOLISM 2016; 5:96-106. [PMID: 27766299 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnim.2016.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the past three decades a body of translational evidence has implicated dietary deficiency in long-chain omega-3 (LCn-3) fatty acids, including eicosapenaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), in the pathophysiology and etiology of major depressive disorder (MDD). Cross-national and cross-sectional data suggest that greater habitual intake of preformed EPA+DHA is associated with reduced risk for developing depressive symptoms and syndromal MDD. Erythrocyte EPA and DHA composition is highly correlated with habitual fish or fish oil intake, and case-control studies have consistently observed lower erythrocyte EPA and/or DHA levels in patients with MDD. Low erythrocyte EPA+DHA composition may also be associated with increased risk for suicide and cardiovascular disease, two primary causes of excess premature mortality in MDD. While controversial, dietary EPA+DHA supplementation may have antidepressant properties and may augment the therapeutic efficacy of antidepressant medications. Neuroimaging and rodent neurodevelopmental studies further suggest that low LCn-3 fatty acid intake or biostatus can recapitulate central pathophysiological features associated with MDD. Prospective findings suggest that low LCn-3 fatty acid biostatus increases risk for depressive symptoms in part by augmenting pro-inflammatory responsivity. When taken collectively, these translational findings provide a strong empirical foundation in support of dietary LCn-3 fatty acid deficiency as a modifiable risk factor for MDD. This review provides an overview of this translational evidence and then discusses future directions including strategies to translate this evidence into routine clinical screening and treatment algorithms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert K McNamara
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, Division of Bipolar Disorders Research, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45219-0516
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Vansant G. Effect of Maternal and Paternal Nutrition on DNA Methylation in the Offspring: A Systematic Review of Human and Animal Studies. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.15406/aowmc.2016.04.00093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Influence of Maternal and Postweaning Linseed Dietary Supplementation on Growth Rate, Lipid Profile, and Meat Quality Traits of Light Sarda Lambs. ScientificWorldJournal 2016; 2016:5391682. [PMID: 27034972 PMCID: PMC4808552 DOI: 10.1155/2016/5391682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2015] [Accepted: 02/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The effects of dietary extruded linseed (EL) on growth performance, meat quality, and lipid profile of Semimembranosus and Longissimus lumborum muscles of 81 Sarda lambs were studied in a 3 × 3 design: EL content (0%, 10%, and 20%) of maternal dietary concentrate fed from 20 d to parturition to 60 d of lactation and EL content (0%, 10%, 20%) of lamb concentrate fed after weaning for 30 d. The basal diet was composed of alfalfa and meadow hay during pregnancy and alfalfa hay during lactation. At slaughter, carcass and meat quality were evaluated. Sensory quality of Semimembranosus from 0% and 20% EL lambs was assessed. Both maternal and postweaning diets affected growth performance, with higher body weights recorded with the 10% EL concentrate. Carcass and meat quality were not affected by diet. Saturated and monounsaturated FA decreased and n-3 polyunsaturated FA increased with increasing EL content in lamb diet. An increase in vaccenic and rumenic acid was associated with the EL content of the maternal diet. Both diets increased the n-6/n-3 FA ratio. No differences in acceptability were detected by consumers among groups. It is concluded that EL supplementation and early life nutrition can influence performance and FA metabolism in growing lambs.
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