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Alzola-Andres M, Cerveny D, Domingo-Echaburu S, Lekube X, Ruiz-Sancho L, Brodin T, Orive G, Lertxundi U. Pharmaceutical residues in stranded dolphins in the Bay of Biscay. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 912:168570. [PMID: 37979850 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/20/2023]
Abstract
There is a growing concern about the presence of pharmaceuticals on the aquatic environment, while the marine environment has been much less investigated than in freshwater. Marine mammals are suitable sentinel species of the marine environment because they often feed at high trophic levels, have unique fat stores and long lifespan. Some small delphinids in particular serve as excellent sentinel species for contamination in the marine environment worldwide. To the best of our knowledge, no pharmaceuticals have been detected or reported in dolphins so far. In the present study, muscle, liver and blubber samples from three common dolphins (Delphinus delphis) and seven striped dolphins (Stenella coeruleoalba) stranded along the Basque Coast (northern Spain) were collected. A total of 95 pharmaceuticals based on detectability and predicted ability to bioaccumulate in fish were included in the liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis. At least one pharmaceutical was found in 70 % of the individuals. Only three of the 95 monitored pharmaceuticals were detected in dolphin's tissues. Very low concentrations (<1 ng/g) of orphenadrine and pizotifen were found in liver and promethazine in blubber. Herein, the gap in the knowledge regarding the study organisms and marine environments with respect to pharmaceutical pollution, which demands further research to understand if pharmaceuticals are a threat for these apex predators, is highlighted and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Daniel Cerveny
- Department of Wildlife, Fish and Environmental Studies, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umeå, Sweden; University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Zatisi 728/II, Vodnany, Czech Republic
| | - Saioa Domingo-Echaburu
- Osakidetza Basque Health Service, Debagoiena Integrated Health Organisation, Pharmacy Service, Nafarroa Hiribidea 16, 20500 Arrasate, Gipuzkoa, Spain
| | - Xabier Lekube
- Biscay Bay Environmental Biospecimen Bank (BBEBB), Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PiE-UPV/EHU), University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Areatza 47, 48620 Plentzia, Basque Country, Spain; CBET+ Research Group, Department of Zoology and Animal Cell Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology PIE, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Sarriena z/g, Leioa, Basque Country, Spain
| | - Leire Ruiz-Sancho
- AMBAR Elkartea Organisation, Ondarreta Ibilbidea z/g, 48620 Plentzia, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Tomas Brodin
- Department of Wildlife, Fish and Environmental Studies, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Gorka Orive
- NanoBioCel Group, Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Paseo de la Universidad 7, Vitoria-Gasteiz 01006, Spain; Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; University Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Oral Implantology - UIRMI (UPV/EHU-Fundación Eduardo Anitua), Vitoria, Spain; Bioaraba, NanoBioCel Research Group, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.
| | - Unax Lertxundi
- Bioaraba Health Research Institute, Osakidetza Basque Health Service, Araba Mental Health Network, Araba Psychiatric Hospital, Pharmacy Service, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.
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2
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Méndez-Fernandez P, Spitz J, Dars C, Dabin W, Mahfouz C, André JM, Chouvelon T, Authier M, Caurant F. Two cetacean species reveal different long-term trends for toxic trace elements in European Atlantic French waters. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 294:133676. [PMID: 35077732 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.133676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Cetaceans have been naturally exposed to toxic trace elements (TEs) on an evolutionary time scale. Hence, they have developed mechanisms to control and/or mitigate their toxic effects. These long-lived species located at high trophic positions and bioaccumulating toxic elements are assumed to be good biomonitoring organisms. However, anthropogenic emissions have strongly increased environmental levels of toxic TEs in the last decades, questioning the efficiency of the detoxication mechanisms in cetaceans. In this context, temporal trends of mercury (Hg), cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) concentrations were studied through the analysis of 264 individuals from two cetacean species the common dolphin (Delphinus delphis) and the harbour porpoise (Phocoena phocoena) and belonging to two different Management Units (MUs) for the latter. These individuals stranded along the French Atlantic coasts from 2000s to 2017. All the trends presented were age- and sex-corrected and stable isotope ratios of carbon (δ13C) and nitrogen (δ15N) were measured as proxies of their feeding ecology. Results showed that Pb concentrations clearly decreased over time in both species and MUs. This decrease agrees with the lead petrol regulation after 2000s, supporting the use of these species as valuable bioindicators of changes for TE levels in the marine environment. A significant long-term increase of total Hg concentrations was only observed in common dolphins. Cadmium concentrations also revealed different trends over the period in both species. The different Hg and Cd trends observed in the two species, probably reflected a contrasted contamination of habitat and prey species than a global increase of the contamination in the environment. These results highlight the necessity and gain of using different species to monitor changes in marine environments, each of them informing on the contamination of its own ecological niche. Lastly, the Se:Hg molar ratios of species suggested a low risk for Hg toxicity over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Méndez-Fernandez
- Observatoire Pelagis, UMS 3462- La Rochelle Université - CNRS, 5 Allées de L'océan, 17000, La Rochelle, France.
| | - Jérôme Spitz
- Observatoire Pelagis, UMS 3462- La Rochelle Université - CNRS, 5 Allées de L'océan, 17000, La Rochelle, France; Centre D'Etudes Biologiques de Chizé-La Rochelle, UMR 7372- Université de La Rochelle-CNRS, 5 Allées de L'océan, 17000, La Rochelle, France
| | - Cécile Dars
- Observatoire Pelagis, UMS 3462- La Rochelle Université - CNRS, 5 Allées de L'océan, 17000, La Rochelle, France
| | - Willy Dabin
- Observatoire Pelagis, UMS 3462- La Rochelle Université - CNRS, 5 Allées de L'océan, 17000, La Rochelle, France
| | - Celine Mahfouz
- National Center for Marine Sciences, National Council for Scientific Research in Lebanon (CNRS-L), Beirut, Lebanon
| | | | - Tiphaine Chouvelon
- Observatoire Pelagis, UMS 3462- La Rochelle Université - CNRS, 5 Allées de L'océan, 17000, La Rochelle, France; Ifremer, Unité Biogéochimie et Écotoxicologie, Laboratoire de Biogéochimie des Contaminants Métalliques (BE/LBCM), Rue de L'île D'Yeu, BP 21105, 44311, Nantes Cedex 03, France
| | - Matthieu Authier
- Observatoire Pelagis, UMS 3462- La Rochelle Université - CNRS, 5 Allées de L'océan, 17000, La Rochelle, France
| | - Florence Caurant
- Observatoire Pelagis, UMS 3462- La Rochelle Université - CNRS, 5 Allées de L'océan, 17000, La Rochelle, France; Centre D'Etudes Biologiques de Chizé-La Rochelle, UMR 7372- Université de La Rochelle-CNRS, 5 Allées de L'océan, 17000, La Rochelle, France
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3
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Veron A, Dell'Anno A, Angelidis MO, Aloupi M, Danovaro R, Radakovitch O, Poirier A, Heussner S. Pollutant Pb burden in Mediterranean Centroscymnus coelolepis deep-sea sharks. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2022; 174:113245. [PMID: 34995885 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.113245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
We report lead (Pb) analyses in juvenile (n = 37; mean length = 24.7 ± 2.3 cm) and adult (n = 16; mean length = 52.3 ± 9.3 cm) Centroscymnus coelolepis Mediterranean deep-sea sharks that are compared to Pb content in bathy-demersal, pelagic and shallow coastal sharks. Median Pb concentrations of C. coelolepis muscle (0.009-0.056 wet ppm) and liver (0.023-0.061 wet ppm) are among the lowest encountered in shark records. Stable Pb isotope imprints in adult C. coelolepis muscles highlight that most of Pb in C. coelolepis is from human origin. Lead isotopes reveal the persistence of gasoline Pb emitted in the 1970s in low-turnover adult shark's muscle while associated liver imprints are in equilibrium with recent pollutant Pb signatures suggesting an efficient pollutant Pb turnover metabolism. The comparison of Pb distribution between adult and juvenile cohorts suggests the role of dietary exposure and possible maternal offloading of Pb during gestation, likely associated to vitellogenesis in this aplacental viviparous deep-sea shark.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Veron
- CEREGE, UMR7330 CNRS, AMU, IRD, Coll. France, INRAE, Technopole Arbois, BP80, 13545 Aix en Provence cedex 4, France; GEOTOP, Université du Québec à Montréal, CP8888 Centre-Ville, Montréal, QC H3C3P8, Canada.
| | - A Dell'Anno
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - M O Angelidis
- Department of Environment, University of the Aegean, University Hill, 81100 Mytilini, Greece
| | - M Aloupi
- Department of Environment, University of the Aegean, University Hill, 81100 Mytilini, Greece
| | - R Danovaro
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, 60131 Ancona, Italy; Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, 80121 Naples, Italy
| | - O Radakovitch
- CEREGE, UMR7330 CNRS, AMU, IRD, Coll. France, INRAE, Technopole Arbois, BP80, 13545 Aix en Provence cedex 4, France; Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), PSE-SRTE-LRTA, Cadarache, France
| | - A Poirier
- GEOTOP, Université du Québec à Montréal, CP8888 Centre-Ville, Montréal, QC H3C3P8, Canada
| | - S Heussner
- CEFREM, UMR5110 CNRS, Université de Perpignan Via Domitia, Avenue Paul Alduy, 66860 Perpignan, France
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4
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Garcia-Garin O, Borrell A, Vighi M, Aguilar A, Valdivia M, González EM, Drago M. Long-term assessment of trace elements in franciscana dolphins from the Río de la Plata estuary and adjacent Atlantic waters. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 788:147797. [PMID: 34134375 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.147797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The estuary of Río de la Plata, in the eastern coast of South America, is a highly anthropized area that brings a high load of contaminants to the surrounding waters, which may have detrimental effects on the local marine fauna. The franciscana dolphin (Pontoporia blainvillei) is a small cetacean species endemic of the southwestern Atlantic Ocean listed as Vulnerable in the IUCN red list. In this study, we assessed the concentrations of 13 trace elements in bone samples from 100 franciscana dolphins that were found stranded dead or incidentally bycaught in the Río de la Plata and adjacent coast between 1953 and 2015. Elements were, in decreasing order of mean concentrations: Zn > Sr > Fe > Al > Mn > Cu > Pb > Cr > Ni > As > Hg > Cd > Se. The concentrations of Al, Cr and Fe were slightly higher in females than in males. The concentrations of As, Ni, and Pb significantly decreased with body length. Throughout the study period, the concentrations of Al, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn and Ni significantly increased, while the concentrations of As, Pb and Sr significantly decreased. The increasing trends may be due to increased inputs from river discharges, the leather industry and petroleum refineries, while the decrease in Pb may be due to the ban in the use of this element as an additive in gasoline and as component of car batteries. This investigation supports the validity of analysing trace element in bone, a tissue available in scientific collections and museums, to retrospectively examine variation over long temporal scales and thus assess long-term trends in pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Odei Garcia-Garin
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences, and Biodiversity Research Institute (IRBio), Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Asunción Borrell
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences, and Biodiversity Research Institute (IRBio), Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Morgana Vighi
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences, and Biodiversity Research Institute (IRBio), Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alex Aguilar
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences, and Biodiversity Research Institute (IRBio), Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Meica Valdivia
- National Museum of Natural History (MNHN), 11000 Montevideo, Uruguay
| | | | - Massimiliano Drago
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences, and Biodiversity Research Institute (IRBio), Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
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5
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Peng D, Liu Z, Su X, Xiao Y, Wang Y, Middleton BA, Lei T. Spatial distribution of heavy metals in the West Dongting Lake floodplain, China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE. PROCESSES & IMPACTS 2020; 22:1256-1265. [PMID: 32236176 DOI: 10.1039/c9em00536f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The protection of Dongting Lake is important because it is an overwintering and migration route for many rare and endangered birds of East Asia and Australasia, but an assessment of heavy metal contamination in West Dongting Lake is lacking. A total of 75 sediment samples (five sites × three sediment depths) were collected in West Dongting Lake in January 2017 to assess the spatial distribution and ecological risk of heavy metals in West Dongting Lake. Heavy metal values varied by sediment depth including As, Cd, Zn, and Cu, with the depth giving an indication of recent vs. historical deposition. The major input of Hg, Cu, and Ni may come from continued anthropogenic activities related to regional industrial activities within the Yuan River and Li River, whereas the major sources of Cd pollution may be from agricultural fertilizers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Peng
- Beijing Forestry, School of Nature Conservation, 35 Tsinghua East Road, Haidian Distinct, Beijing 100083, P.R. China. and Beijing Forestry, School of Nature Conservation, P.R. China.
| | - Ziyu Liu
- Beijing Forestry, School of Nature Conservation, 35 Tsinghua East Road, Haidian Distinct, Beijing 100083, P.R. China.
| | - Xinyue Su
- Beijing Forestry, School of Nature Conservation, 35 Tsinghua East Road, Haidian Distinct, Beijing 100083, P.R. China.
| | - Yaqian Xiao
- Beijing Forestry, School of Nature Conservation, 35 Tsinghua East Road, Haidian Distinct, Beijing 100083, P.R. China. and Beijing Normal University, No. 19, XinJieKouWai St., HaiDian District, Beijing 100875, P. R. China
| | - Yuechen Wang
- Beijing Forestry, School of Nature Conservation, 35 Tsinghua East Road, Haidian Distinct, Beijing 100083, P.R. China.
| | - Beth A Middleton
- U.S. Geological Survey, Wetland and Aquatic Research Center, 700 Cajundome Boulevard, Lafayette, LA 70506 USA.
| | - Ting Lei
- Beijing Forestry, School of Nature Conservation, 35 Tsinghua East Road, Haidian Distinct, Beijing 100083, P.R. China.
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6
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Modica L, Lanuza P, García-Castrillo G. Surrounded by microplastic, since when? Testing the feasibility of exploring past levels of plastic microfibre pollution using natural history museum collections. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2020; 151:110846. [PMID: 32056635 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2019.110846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Revised: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Microplastic fibres are a widespread pollutant in the marine environment. Their presence has been searched for in marine sponge specimens of a museum, collected over 20 years ago. The pollutant was observed in more than half of the samples analysed, allowing a reference point to be fixed in the past. Analysis has demonstrated that fibres were vagrant in the water column and were incorporated actively by sponges. Inclusion into bottom-fixed sponges has been demonstrated for the natural environment. The study of microplastic in organisms collected in the past and stored in natural history collections is the key for fixing reference points and build up temporal trends, especially considering the lack of studies on this topic before 1980. The idea of using animals preserved in natural history museums could be extended to other pollutants in order to search for reference points or past baselines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larissa Modica
- Museo Marítimo del Cantábrico, Av.da de Severiano Ballesteros S/N, 39004 Santander, Spain.
| | - Paloma Lanuza
- Museo Marítimo del Cantábrico, Av.da de Severiano Ballesteros S/N, 39004 Santander, Spain
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7
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Martínez-López E, Peñalver J, Escriña A, Lara L, Gens MJ, María Dolores E, Alcaraz A, García-Fernández AJ. Trace metals in striped dolphins (Stenella coeruleoalba) stranded along the Murcia coastline, Mediterranean Sea, during the period 2009-2015. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 229:580-588. [PMID: 31100629 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.04.214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2018] [Revised: 04/25/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Mercury (Hg), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), selenium (Se) and arsenic (As) concentrations in internal tissues of 72 striped dolphins (Stenella coeruleoalba) from Murcia Region (Mediterranean coastline) have been investigated for the first time. Hg showed the highest concentration, followed by Se, Cd, As and Pb. In general, the levels of metal found in this study were similar to those described in similar studies in the Mediterranean Sea. However, in some adult specimens, Hg liver concentrations were related with toxic effects in cetacean. A significant correlation was observed with age, likewise between Se and Hg and Cd in tissues, which agree with detoxify effect attributed to Se through inert complex formation. Molar ratio Hg:Se in liver was close to 1:1 in some specimens, which would indicate overload of the Hg-Se detoxify function and compromised health. These results could contribute to a better knowledge of the distribution of these persistent pollutants in the Mediterranean Sea.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Martínez-López
- Area of Toxicology, Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary, University of Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, 30100, Murcia, Spain; Laboratory of Toxicology, Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), University of Murcia, Spain.
| | - J Peñalver
- Area of Toxicology, Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary, University of Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, 30100, Murcia, Spain; Fisheries and Aquaculture Service (CARM), 30100, Murcia, Spain
| | - A Escriña
- Area of Toxicology, Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary, University of Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, 30100, Murcia, Spain
| | - L Lara
- "El Valle" Wildlife Recovery Center (CARM), 30100, Murcia, Spain
| | - M J Gens
- "El Valle" Wildlife Recovery Center (CARM), 30100, Murcia, Spain
| | - E María Dolores
- Fisheries and Aquaculture Service (CARM), 30100, Murcia, Spain
| | - A Alcaraz
- Agrarian and Animal Health Laboratory (CARM), 30100, Murcia, Spain
| | - A J García-Fernández
- Area of Toxicology, Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary, University of Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, 30100, Murcia, Spain; Laboratory of Toxicology, Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), University of Murcia, Spain
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8
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Espejo W, Padilha JDA, Gonçalves RA, Dorneles PR, Barra R, Oliveira D, Malm O, Chiang G, Celis JE. Accumulation and potential sources of lead in marine organisms from coastal ecosystems of the Chilean Patagonia and Antarctic Peninsula area. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2019; 140:60-64. [PMID: 30803682 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2019.01.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Revised: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Environmental concentrations of Pb have been increased due to anthropogenic activities, which have provoked the released of this element to the environment in large amounts. To understand how Pb behaves in remote southern marine ecosystems, we measured Pb concentrations and isotope ratios in biota from coastal marine ecosystems of the Chilean Patagonia and the Antarctic Peninsula area. Lead concentrations in the aquatic organisms ranged from 0.02 to 1.19 mg kg-1 d.w. In Patagonia, higher Pb levels were found in fish than in invertebrates (crab, shrimp, porifera, limpet and shellfish). In comparison with the baseline reference values from other parts of the world, fishes exhibited lower Pb levels. The results of Pb isotopic compositions indicated that the bioaccumulation of Pb in marine organisms come from different anthropogenic sources. These Pb levels might be useful for further studies that allow a deeper evaluation of sources for Pb contamination in these remote ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Winfred Espejo
- Ecology & Biodiversity Department, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago, Chile; Melimoyu Ecosystem Research Institute, Lo Beltrán 2347 Vitacura, Santiago, Chile
| | - Janeide de A Padilha
- Radioisotope Lab, Biophysics Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo A Gonçalves
- Chemistry Department, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Paulo R Dorneles
- Radioisotope Lab, Biophysics Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Barra
- Department of Aquatic Systems, Facultad de Ciencias Ambientales y Centro EULA-Chile, Universidad de Concepción, Casilla 160-C, Concepción, Chile
| | - Douglas Oliveira
- Chemistry Department, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Olaf Malm
- Radioisotope Lab, Biophysics Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Chiang
- Melimoyu Ecosystem Research Institute, Lo Beltrán 2347 Vitacura, Santiago, Chile
| | - José E Celis
- Department of Animal Science, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad de Concepción, Casilla 537, Chillán, Chile..
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9
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Cortés-Gómez AA, Romero D, Girondot M. The current situation of inorganic elements in marine turtles: A general review and meta-analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2017; 229:567-585. [PMID: 28688307 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.06.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2017] [Revised: 06/22/2017] [Accepted: 06/24/2017] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Inorganic elements (Pb, Cd, Hg, Al, As, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Se and Zn) are present globally in aquatic systems and their potential transfer to marine turtles can be a serious threat to their health status. The environmental fate of these contaminants may be traced by the analysis of turtle tissues. Loggerhead turtles (Caretta caretta) are the most frequently investigated of all the sea turtle species with regards to inorganic elements, followed by Green turtles (Chelonia mydas); all the other species have considerably fewer studies. Literature shows that blood, liver, kidney and muscle are the tissues most frequently used for the quantification of inorganic elements, with Pb, Cd, Cu and Zn being the most studied elements. Chelonia mydas showed the highest concentrations of Cr in muscle (4.8 ± 0.12), Cu in liver (37 ± 7) and Mg in kidney (17 μg g-1 ww), Cr and Cu from the Gulf of Mexico and Mg from Japanese coasts; Lepidochelys olivacea presented the highest concentrations of Pb in blood (4.46 5) and Cd in kidney (150 ± 110 μg g-1 ww), both from the Mexican Pacific; Caretta caretta from the Mediterranean Egyptian coast had the highest report of Hg in blood (0.66 ± 0.13 μg g-1 ww); and Eretmochelys imbricata from Japan had the highest concentration of As in muscle (30 ± 13 13 μg g-1 ww). The meta-analysis allows us to examine some features that were not visible when data was analyzed alone. For instance, Leatherbacks show a unique pattern of concentration compared to other species. Additionally, contamination of different tissues shows some tendencies independent of the species with liver and kidney on one side and bone on the other being different from other tissues. This review provides a general perspective on the accumulation and distribution of these inorganic elements alongside existing information for the 7 sea turtle species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana A Cortés-Gómez
- Laboratoire Écologie, Systématique et Évolution, Université Paris-Sud, AgroParisTech, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université Paris Saclay, 91405 Orsay, France; Área de Toxicología, Facultad de Veterinaria. Campus Regional de Excelencia Internacional "Campus Mare Nostrum". Universidad de Murcia, E-30071 Murcia, Spain.
| | - Diego Romero
- Área de Toxicología, Facultad de Veterinaria. Campus Regional de Excelencia Internacional "Campus Mare Nostrum". Universidad de Murcia, E-30071 Murcia, Spain.
| | - Marc Girondot
- Laboratoire Écologie, Systématique et Évolution, Université Paris-Sud, AgroParisTech, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université Paris Saclay, 91405 Orsay, France.
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10
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Raimundo J, Ruano F, Pereira J, Mil-Homens M, Brito P, Vale C, Caetano M. Abnormal mortality of octopus after a storm water event: Accumulated lead and lead isotopes as fingerprints. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017; 581-582:289-296. [PMID: 28087073 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.12.121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2016] [Revised: 12/16/2016] [Accepted: 12/17/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Octopus vulgaris is a sedentary organism that inhabits coastal waters being exposed to anthropogenic compounds. Lead concentration in coastal environments reflects many processes and activities namely weathering, industrial and domestic discharges, and atmospheric deposition. Since lead isotopic composition is little affected by kinetic processes occurring between source and sink, its signature has been used to identify different Pb sources. After a short-term heavy rainfall, hundreds of octopus appeared dead in two Portuguese coastal areas. Histopathology and Pb levels and its stable isotopes were determined in tissues, such as digestive gland, of stranded octopus and compared to alive specimens, sediments and runoff material from the same areas. Histology results showed severe damage in stranded octopus tissues suggesting that death was probably associated to multiple organ failure linked to hypertrophy and exudates input. In addition, Pb in stranded specimens reach concentrations up to one order of magnitude above the levels reported for alive octopus. Pb isotopic signatures in stranded organisms were closer to runoff material pointing to a similar origin of Pb. In summary, the results in this study showed that a short-term runoff event might change abruptly the salinity leading to the disruption of the osmoregulation function of octopus and consequently leading to its death. The analyses of stable isotopic Pb signature in octopus tissues corroborate these results and points to a change in the Pb source due to runoff after the storm water event. Pb stable isotopes in octopus proved to be an adequate tool to confirm the cause of death and linking it to the environment conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Raimundo
- IPMA - Portuguese Institute of Sea and Atmosphere, Rua Alfredo Magalhães Ramalho, 6, 1495-006 Lisbon, Portugal; CIIMAR, Marine and Environmental Research Center, Rua dos Bragas, 289, 4050-123 Porto, Portugal.
| | - F Ruano
- IPMA - Portuguese Institute of Sea and Atmosphere, Rua Alfredo Magalhães Ramalho, 6, 1495-006 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - J Pereira
- IPMA - Portuguese Institute of Sea and Atmosphere, Rua Alfredo Magalhães Ramalho, 6, 1495-006 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - M Mil-Homens
- IPMA - Portuguese Institute of Sea and Atmosphere, Rua Alfredo Magalhães Ramalho, 6, 1495-006 Lisbon, Portugal; CIIMAR, Marine and Environmental Research Center, Rua dos Bragas, 289, 4050-123 Porto, Portugal
| | - P Brito
- IPMA - Portuguese Institute of Sea and Atmosphere, Rua Alfredo Magalhães Ramalho, 6, 1495-006 Lisbon, Portugal; CIIMAR, Marine and Environmental Research Center, Rua dos Bragas, 289, 4050-123 Porto, Portugal
| | - C Vale
- CIIMAR, Marine and Environmental Research Center, Rua dos Bragas, 289, 4050-123 Porto, Portugal
| | - M Caetano
- IPMA - Portuguese Institute of Sea and Atmosphere, Rua Alfredo Magalhães Ramalho, 6, 1495-006 Lisbon, Portugal
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11
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Vighi M, Borrell A, Aguilar A. Bone as a surrogate tissue to monitor metals in baleen whales. CHEMOSPHERE 2017; 171:81-88. [PMID: 28011406 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.12.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2016] [Revised: 11/14/2016] [Accepted: 12/08/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Metals are massively deposited in the marine environment through direct emissions or atmospheric dry and wet depositions, a process since long enhanced by human activities. Metal contamination in the marine organisms has been increasingly investigated, but most research focuses on few tissues, elements and species considered indicative. Baleen whales have been scarcely studied in this respect. Here we contribute to the fragmented knowledge on this field examining the concentrations of zinc, copper, lead, titanium and strontium in the bone of fin whales (Balaenoptera physalus) from NW Spain and W Iceland. Bone was selected because it is a tissue commonly available in archival historic collections, and it is therefore useful to examine long-term trends in metal pollution. We tested differences between populations and we investigated age- and sex-related accumulation trends, as well as the occurrence of placental transfer. Sr concentrations and Pb accumulation rates with age were significantly higher in individuals from NW Spain than in those from W Iceland. Placental transfer occurred, at different levels, for all metals: as a result fetuses showed significantly higher Cu, Pb and Zn concentrations than adults. After birth, only Zn and Pb concentrations significantly increased with age. Through this study we contributed to fill some gaps in the knowledge regarding metal contamination in marine mammals, and we concluded that bone can be a suitable surrogate tissue to monitor a number of trace elements, provided that dissimilarities in tissue-specific deposition are taken into account when comparing concentrations from different tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morgana Vighi
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences and Institute of Biodiversity Research (IRBio), Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 643, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Asunción Borrell
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences and Institute of Biodiversity Research (IRBio), Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 643, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alex Aguilar
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences and Institute of Biodiversity Research (IRBio), Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 643, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
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12
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Romero MB, Polizzi P, Chiodi L, Robles A, Das K, Gerpe M. Metals as chemical tracers to discriminate ecological populations of threatened Franciscana dolphins (Pontoporia blainvillei) from Argentina. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:3940-3950. [PMID: 27909926 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-7970-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2016] [Accepted: 10/24/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Franciscana dolphins are the most impacted small cetacean in the Southwestern Atlantic Ocean, classified as Vulnerable A3d by IUCN. Essential (Fe, Mo, Mn, Cr, Ni, Co) and non-essential (Ag, Pb, Sn) trace elements (TEs) were measured in liver, kidney, and brain samples of by-catch Franciscana dolphins that were living in estuarine (n = 21) and marine (n = 21) habitats (1) to assess whether TEs posed a threat and (2) to evaluate the suitability of TEs for discriminating ecological populations of this species in Argentinean waters. Essential TEs showed little variation in tissues from both groups in agreement with levels reported for other cetaceans and suggesting that these concentrations correspond to normal physiological levels. Non-essential TEs were higher in estuarine juveniles and adults dolphins than in marine specimens. These results suggest anthropogenic sources associated with estuarine area and that Franciscana dolphins are good sentinels of the impact of the environment. The difference in the concentrations of TEs beetwen ecological populations appeared to be related to distinct exposures in both geographical areas, and it is suggested that Ag and Sn concentrations in adults are good chemical tracers of anthropogenic input of TEs. These results provide additional information for improved management and regulatory policy.
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Affiliation(s)
- M B Romero
- Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras (IIMyC), Toxicología Ambiental, Dpto. Ciencias Marinas, FCEyN, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata (UNMdP), Funes 3350, 7600, Mar del Plata, Argentina.
| | - P Polizzi
- Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras (IIMyC), Toxicología Ambiental, Dpto. Ciencias Marinas, FCEyN, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata (UNMdP), Funes 3350, 7600, Mar del Plata, Argentina
| | - L Chiodi
- Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras (IIMyC), Toxicología Ambiental, Dpto. Ciencias Marinas, FCEyN, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata (UNMdP), Funes 3350, 7600, Mar del Plata, Argentina
| | - A Robles
- Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras (IIMyC), Toxicología Ambiental, Dpto. Ciencias Marinas, FCEyN, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata (UNMdP), Funes 3350, 7600, Mar del Plata, Argentina
| | - K Das
- Laboratory for Oceanology - MARE Center B6c, University of Liege, 4000, Liege, Belgium
| | - M Gerpe
- Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras (IIMyC), Toxicología Ambiental, Dpto. Ciencias Marinas, FCEyN, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata (UNMdP), Funes 3350, 7600, Mar del Plata, Argentina
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13
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Nakata H, Nakayama SMM, Yabe J, Liazambi A, Mizukawa H, Darwish WS, Ikenaka Y, Ishizuka M. Reliability of stable Pb isotopes to identify Pb sources and verifying biological fractionation of Pb isotopes in goats and chickens. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2016; 208:395-403. [PMID: 26549754 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2015.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2015] [Revised: 10/04/2015] [Accepted: 10/05/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Stable Pb isotope ratios (Pb-IRs) have been recognized as an efficient tool for identifying sources. This study carried out at Kabwe mining area, Zambia, to elucidate the presence or absence of Pb isotope fractionation in goat and chicken, to evaluate the reliability of identifying Pb pollution sources via analysis of Pb-IRs, and to assess whether a threshold for blood Pb levels (Pb-B) for biological fractionation was present. The variation of Pb-IRs in goat decreased with an increase in Pb-B and were fixed at certain values close to those of the dominant source of Pb exposure at Pb-B > 5 μg/dL. However, chickens did not show a clear relationship for Pb-IRs against Pb-B, or a fractionation threshold. Given these, the biological fractionation of Pb isotopes should not occur in chickens but in goats, and the threshold for triggering biological fractionation is at around 5 μg/dL of Pb-B in goats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hokuto Nakata
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Environmental Veterinary Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 18 Nishi 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0818, Japan
| | - Shouta M M Nakayama
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Environmental Veterinary Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 18 Nishi 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0818, Japan
| | - John Yabe
- The University of Zambia, School of Veterinary Medicine, P.O. Box 32379, Lusaka, Zambia
| | | | - Hazuki Mizukawa
- Department of Environmental Veterinary Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 18 Nishi 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0818, Japan
| | - Wageh Sobhy Darwish
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Environmental Veterinary Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 18 Nishi 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0818, Japan; Food Control Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Yoshinori Ikenaka
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Environmental Veterinary Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 18 Nishi 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0818, Japan; Water Research Group, School of Environmental Sciences and Development, North-West University, South Africa
| | - Mayumi Ishizuka
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Environmental Veterinary Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 18 Nishi 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0818, Japan.
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14
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Savery LC, Wise SS, Falank C, Wise J, Gianios C, Douglas Thompson W, Perkins C, Zheng T, Zhu C, Wise JP. Global assessment of oceanic lead pollution using sperm whales (Physeter macrocephalus) as an indicator species. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2014; 79:236-244. [PMID: 24361115 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2013.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2013] [Revised: 11/20/2013] [Accepted: 12/02/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Lead (Pb) is an oceanic pollutant of global concern. Anthropogenic activities are increasing oceanic levels, but to an unknown extent. The sperm whale (Physeter macrocephalus) has a global distribution and high trophic level. The aim of this study was to establish a global baseline of oceanic Pb concentrations using free-ranging sperm whales as an indicator species. Skin biopsies (n=337) were collected during the voyage of the Odyssey (2000-2005) from 17 regions considering gender and age. Pb was detectable in 315 samples with a global mean of 1.6 ug/gww ranging from 0.1 to 129.6 ug/gww. Papua New Guinea, Bahamas and Australia had the highest regional mean with 6.1, 3.4, and 3.1 ug/gww, respectively. Pb concentrations were not significantly different between sex and age in males. This is the first global toxicological dataset for Pb in a marine mammal and confirms Pb is widely distributed with hotspots in some regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura C Savery
- Wise Laboratory of Environmental and Genetic Toxicology, University of Southern Maine, P.O. Box 9300, 96 Falmouth St., Portland, ME 04104, USA; Maine Center for Toxicology and Environmental Health, University of Southern Maine, P.O. Box 9300, 96 Falmouth St., Portland, ME 04104, USA; Department of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Southern Maine, 178 Science Building, Portland, ME 04104, USA
| | - Sandra S Wise
- Wise Laboratory of Environmental and Genetic Toxicology, University of Southern Maine, P.O. Box 9300, 96 Falmouth St., Portland, ME 04104, USA; Maine Center for Toxicology and Environmental Health, University of Southern Maine, P.O. Box 9300, 96 Falmouth St., Portland, ME 04104, USA; Department of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Southern Maine, 178 Science Building, Portland, ME 04104, USA
| | - Carolyne Falank
- Wise Laboratory of Environmental and Genetic Toxicology, University of Southern Maine, P.O. Box 9300, 96 Falmouth St., Portland, ME 04104, USA; Maine Center for Toxicology and Environmental Health, University of Southern Maine, P.O. Box 9300, 96 Falmouth St., Portland, ME 04104, USA; Department of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Southern Maine, 178 Science Building, Portland, ME 04104, USA
| | - James Wise
- Wise Laboratory of Environmental and Genetic Toxicology, University of Southern Maine, P.O. Box 9300, 96 Falmouth St., Portland, ME 04104, USA
| | - Christy Gianios
- Wise Laboratory of Environmental and Genetic Toxicology, University of Southern Maine, P.O. Box 9300, 96 Falmouth St., Portland, ME 04104, USA
| | - W Douglas Thompson
- Maine Center for Toxicology and Environmental Health, University of Southern Maine, P.O. Box 9300, 96 Falmouth St., Portland, ME 04104, USA; Department of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Southern Maine, 178 Science Building, Portland, ME 04104, USA
| | - Christopher Perkins
- Center for Environmental Sciences and Engineering, University of Connecticut, 3107 Horsebarn Hill Road, U-4210, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - Tongzhang Zheng
- Yale School of Public Health, P.O. Box 208034, 60 College Street, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Cairong Zhu
- Yale School of Public Health, P.O. Box 208034, 60 College Street, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - John Pierce Wise
- Wise Laboratory of Environmental and Genetic Toxicology, University of Southern Maine, P.O. Box 9300, 96 Falmouth St., Portland, ME 04104, USA; Maine Center for Toxicology and Environmental Health, University of Southern Maine, P.O. Box 9300, 96 Falmouth St., Portland, ME 04104, USA; Department of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Southern Maine, 178 Science Building, Portland, ME 04104, USA.
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15
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Cáceres-Saez I, Ribeiro Guevara S, Dellabianca NA, Goodall RNP, Cappozzo HL. Heavy metals and essential elements in Commerson's dolphins (Cephalorhynchus c. commersonii) from the southwestern South Atlantic Ocean. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2013; 185:5375-5386. [PMID: 23142875 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-012-2952-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2012] [Accepted: 10/08/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
A survey of the elemental contents of K, Mg, Mn, Na, Cl, Br, Cs, Co, Rb, Fe, Zn, Al, Ti, V, As, Ag, Au and Cd in liver, kidney and muscle was performed in specimens of Commerson's dolphins (Cephalorhynchus c. commersonii) from subantarctic waters. The concentrations were determined by Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis and the specimens derives from animals incidentally caught in artisanal fishing nets. Liver had the highest concentrations of Fe, 897(79) μg g(-1) DW (dry weight) (average; standard deviation in parenthesis), kidney had the highest Cd, 35 (24) μg g(-1) DW; Cl, 9,200 (1,700) μg g(-1) DW; Na, 6,800 (1,100) μg g(-1) DW and Br, 73(12) μg g(-1) DW; and muscle the highest Mg 954 (71) μg g(-1) DW. Potassium and Cs concentrations in muscle and kidney ranged in 12,510-13,020 and 0.230-0.252 μg g(-1) DW, respectively; Zn and Mn concentrations were similar in liver and kidney (117-122.1 and 3.66-16.5 μg g(-1) DW, respectively). Silver was high in liver 5.4(5.0) μg g(-1) DW and kidney 1.2(2.7) μg g(-1) DW. Gold, Rb, Co and As had no differences among tissues. Likewise, as in other odontocete species, the concentrations of essential elements showed little variation between the specimens analyzed, since they are regulated biochemically; however, heavy metals showed high variability. This study constitutes the first large description of the elemental composition in Commerson's dolphins from subantarctic waters of the South Atlantic Ocean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iris Cáceres-Saez
- Laboratorio de Ecología, Comportamiento y Mamíferos Marinos (LECyMM), Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales Bernardino Rivadavia (MACN-CONICET), Av. Ángel Gallardo 470, C1405DJR, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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16
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Lead concentrations and lead and strontium stable-isotope ratios in teeth of European roe deer (Capreolus capreolus). EUR J WILDLIFE RES 2007. [DOI: 10.1007/s10344-007-0152-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Lahaye V, Bustamante P, Law RJ, Learmonth JA, Santos MB, Boon JP, Rogan E, Dabin W, Addink MJ, López A, Zuur AF, Pierce GJ, Caurant F. Biological and ecological factors related to trace element levels in harbour porpoises (Phocoena phocoena) from European waters. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2007; 64:247-66. [PMID: 17379297 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2007.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2006] [Revised: 01/18/2007] [Accepted: 01/25/2007] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Selected trace elements (Cd, Cu, Hg, Se, Zn) were measured in the kidneys and the liver of 104 harbour porpoises (Phocoena phocoena) stranded along the coasts of France, Galicia (Spain), Ireland, Scotland (UK), and the Netherlands. Generally, relatively low concentrations of toxic elements were encountered in the tissues of European porpoises, except for two individuals, which displayed high hepatic Hg concentrations. Also, elevated Cd levels obtained in Scottish porpoises could be related to their feeding preferences and this result suggests an increase of the proportion of cephalopods in their diet with latitude. Moreover, significant geographical differences were seen in hepatic Zn concentrations; the elevated Zn concentrations displayed by porpoises from the Netherlands may relate their poor health status. Variation in metal concentrations within porpoises from the North Sea is likely to reflect a long-term segregation between animals from northern (Scotland) and southern areas (the Netherlands), making trace elements powerful ecological tracers.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Lahaye
- Centre de Recherche sur les Ecosystèmes Littoraux Anthropisés, UMR 6217 CNRS-IFREMER-Université de La Rochelle, 22 Av. Michel Crépeau, 17042 La Rochelle Cedex, France.
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