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Jung CC, Chung YJ, Chiang TY, Chou CCK, Huang YT. Evaluating the representativeness of atmospheric PM 2.5 data for indoor exposure: insights from concentrations, chemical compositions, and sources. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2025; 375:126350. [PMID: 40316241 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2025.126350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2025] [Revised: 04/05/2025] [Accepted: 04/29/2025] [Indexed: 05/04/2025]
Abstract
Studies relied on atmospheric PM2.5 data to estimate health risks and sources, but its representativeness for indoor air remains unclear. This study placed an atmospheric PM2.5 sampler on the rooftop of a three-story building, and indoor and outdoor (balcony) samples were collected from study houses within a 5 km radius of the atmospheric sampling site during low and high PM2.5 seasons to evaluate the representativeness of atmospheric PM2.5 data. The average PM2.5 concentrations were 15.4 ± 7.1 μg/m3 (indoor), 18.9 ± 7.0 μg/m3 (outdoor), and 13.9 ± 6.1 μg/m3 (atmospheric). Atmospheric PM2.5 concentrations were significantly associated with indoor and outdoor PM2.5, but outdoor PM2.5 concentrations were higher. Source identification revealed that traffic-related emission was a major contributor to PM2.5 across all sites and seasons, while long-range transport from China was another source during the high PM2.5 season based on lead isotope ratios. Crustal elements and construction dust, identified through positive matrix factorization, were higher in both indoor and outdoor air than in the atmosphere. Elements from industrial or traffic emissions showed similar concentrations across different sampling sites. The average ratios of indoor to outdoor or atmospheric PM2.5 concentrations were 0.84 ± 0.27 and 1.18 ± 0.37, respectively. In conclusion, atmospheric PM2.5 can be used to estimate PM2.5 exposure and element concentrations from industrial or traffic emissions in indoors; however, it underestimates the contributions of crustal elements and construction dust. Ambient PM2.5 samples from outdoor or atmospheric environments should be considered when comparing their influence on indoor air across studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Cheng Jung
- Department of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
| | - Yi-Jie Chung
- Department of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Ying Chiang
- Department of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Charles C-K Chou
- Research Center for Environmental Changes, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ting Huang
- Research Center for Environmental Changes, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
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2
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Zhou X, Li J, Yan P, Lu N, Lu L, Ni Q, Zhang J, Fang Y. Mosses as Biomonitors of Atmospheric Trace Metal and Nitrogen Deposition: Spatial Distribution and Temporal Trend in Yancheng, China. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2025; 14:1315. [PMID: 40364343 PMCID: PMC12073996 DOI: 10.3390/plants14091315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2025] [Revised: 04/25/2025] [Accepted: 04/25/2025] [Indexed: 05/15/2025]
Abstract
This study assessed air quality in Yancheng, China, using moss biomonitoring. The moss species, Haplocladium microphyllum was chosen, and mosses were collected from 67 sites across Yancheng during July and August 2022. The concentrations of Al, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, Zn, V, and nitrogen in mosses were determined, and the spatial distribution and temporal trends of atmospheric trace metals and nitrogen deposition in Yancheng were explored by comparing the current data with that of a similar study conducted in 2017. In 2022, high concentrations of metals and nitrogen in mosses were found in northern and southwestern Yancheng, whereas lower concentrations were observed in southern and southeastern Yancheng for metals and central Yancheng for nitrogen. Since 2017, the moss concentrations of Zn, Cu, Ni, and Cr have increased, while that of V has declined, with no notable changes observed in other metals and nitrogen. Contamination factor analysis indicated that Pb and Cu contamination levels escalated from moderate and slight (2017) to severe and moderate (2022), respectively. The Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) model identified five dominant contamination sources of metals and nitrogen in 2022 mosses: natural source (21.4%), traffic emission (17.84%), fuel combustion derived from coal and heavy oil (22.71%), agricultural activities (19.37%), and industrial activities (18.68%). This study highlights the significance of moss biomonitoring, along with data analysis and emission source inventories, as essential tools for evaluating air quality in Yancheng.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Zhou
- School of Marine and Biological Engineering, Yancheng Teachers University, Yancheng 224002, China; (X.Z.); (J.L.); (P.Y.); (N.L.); (L.L.); (Q.N.); (J.Z.)
- Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China
| | - Jing Li
- School of Marine and Biological Engineering, Yancheng Teachers University, Yancheng 224002, China; (X.Z.); (J.L.); (P.Y.); (N.L.); (L.L.); (Q.N.); (J.Z.)
| | - Peng Yan
- School of Marine and Biological Engineering, Yancheng Teachers University, Yancheng 224002, China; (X.Z.); (J.L.); (P.Y.); (N.L.); (L.L.); (Q.N.); (J.Z.)
| | - Nana Lu
- School of Marine and Biological Engineering, Yancheng Teachers University, Yancheng 224002, China; (X.Z.); (J.L.); (P.Y.); (N.L.); (L.L.); (Q.N.); (J.Z.)
| | - Linyu Lu
- School of Marine and Biological Engineering, Yancheng Teachers University, Yancheng 224002, China; (X.Z.); (J.L.); (P.Y.); (N.L.); (L.L.); (Q.N.); (J.Z.)
| | - Qian Ni
- School of Marine and Biological Engineering, Yancheng Teachers University, Yancheng 224002, China; (X.Z.); (J.L.); (P.Y.); (N.L.); (L.L.); (Q.N.); (J.Z.)
| | - Junrong Zhang
- School of Marine and Biological Engineering, Yancheng Teachers University, Yancheng 224002, China; (X.Z.); (J.L.); (P.Y.); (N.L.); (L.L.); (Q.N.); (J.Z.)
| | - Yanming Fang
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
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Mangahas RS, Bertram AK, Weis D, Cullen JT, Maldonado MT. Spatiotemporal trends of aerosol provenance and trace metal concentrations in the northeast subarctic Pacific Ocean. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2025; 971:178885. [PMID: 40073775 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.178885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2024] [Revised: 02/05/2025] [Accepted: 02/15/2025] [Indexed: 03/14/2025]
Abstract
The long-range transport of naturally occurring and anthropogenic aerosols originating from Asian deserts and megacities, respectively, can have a significant impact on the biogeochemical cycling of metals in the Fe-limited, high nutrient-low chlorophyll (HNLC) region of the northeast (NE) subarctic Pacific Ocean. These aerosols can deposit essential (e.g., Fe) and possibly toxic (e.g., Cu) metals to surface waters; thereby affecting micronutrients' bioavailability, and ultimately primary productivity in this region. In this study, we aimed to determine the provenance and spatiotemporal trends of metal inputs from Asian aerosol outflows into the NE Pacific Ocean. To do so, we collected aerosols on six research cruises along the Line P transect (GEOTRACES GPpr07), across three seasons in four years. Lead isotopic composition signatures were less radiogenic (high 208Pb/206Pb; low 206Pb/207Pb) in winter and spring compared to summer, signifying a greater anthropogenic Asian source in the cooler seasons. Furthermore, aerosol metal content also revealed seasonality. For example, aerosols collected in March 2022 (winter) contained higher concentrations of the lithogenic metals Al, Ti, Fe, Mn and Co, the anthropogenic metals Cu, Cd and Pb, as well as the mixed-source metals Ni and V, in comparison to May 2021 (spring) and August 2021 (summer). The estimated annual atmospheric flux of Fe and Zn accounted for 13-27 % and 6-10 %, respectively, of the total flux to the surface mixed layer (i.e., vertical mixing plus atmospheric flux) at Ocean Station Papa (50°N, 145°W), while that of Cu accounted for 95-99 %. This study provides the first insight into the seasonal patterns and geochemical characterizations of long-range transported Asian aerosols along the Line P transect. Anthropogenic activities will likely increase the input of aerosol-derived metals from distant Asian sources into the NE Pacific Ocean in the coming years, influencing biogeochemical cycles in this Fe-limited oceanic region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Racquelle S Mangahas
- Department of Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, University of British Columbia, V6T 1Z4, Canada.
| | - Allan K Bertram
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Dominique Weis
- Department of Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, University of British Columbia, V6T 1Z4, Canada; Pacific Centre for Isotopic and Geochemical Research, University of British Columbia, V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Jay T Cullen
- School of Earth and Ocean Sciences, University of Victoria, V8P 3E6, Canada
| | - Maria T Maldonado
- Department of Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, University of British Columbia, V6T 1Z4, Canada
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Kemmerling LR, Darst AL, Adabag M, Koch NM, Snell-Rood EC. Lead (Pb) concentrations across 22 species of butterflies correlate with soil and air lead and decreased wing size in an urban field study. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2025; 969:178900. [PMID: 40024041 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.178900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2024] [Revised: 02/16/2025] [Accepted: 02/16/2025] [Indexed: 03/04/2025]
Abstract
Pollution is a global issue contributing to biodiversity loss, climate change, and human health concerns. Lead (Pb) has long been recognized as a toxic heavy metal pollutant but few studies have investigated the impact and routes of exposure to lead in field conditions and across multiple species. We collected 22 common species of butterflies across a gradient of lead pollution in the Twin Cities metropolitan area (Minneapolis and St. Paul, MN, USA). We measured their thorax lead concentrations and their body condition including wing area, number of eggs, and brain mass. We quantified lead in the soil, host plant leaves, and air (through lichen bio-monitors) at sites where the butterflies were collected to investigate potential routes of exposure. We found a negative correlation between sublethal lead concentrations and butterfly wing size across all species. Contrary to expectations from previous literature, we did not find correlations between butterfly lead concentration and number of eggs or brain mass. Our data indicate that routes of lead exposure for butterflies are particularly pronounced through soil and air, relative to exposure through their host plants, as there were positive correlations between butterfly lead and lead in nearby soil and air, but not that of host plants. Such sublethal effects of lead, even at low levels of pollution, underline the importance of continuing to reduce emissions and impacts of pollutants to protect biodiversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsey R Kemmerling
- University of Minnesota, Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior, St. Paul, MN, USA.
| | - Ashley L Darst
- University of Minnesota, Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior, St. Paul, MN, USA; Michigan State University, Department of Integrative Biology, East Lansing, MI, USA; Michigan State University, W.K. Kellogg Biological Station, Hickory Corners, MI, USA
| | - Mina Adabag
- University of Minnesota, Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior, St. Paul, MN, USA; University of California, Berkeley, Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Natália M Koch
- University of Minnesota, Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior, St. Paul, MN, USA
| | - Emilie C Snell-Rood
- University of Minnesota, Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior, St. Paul, MN, USA
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5
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Zhang S, Li Q, Zou Y, Liu B, Yang J, Zheng H, Liu G. Using isotopic lead and strontium in sediments to trace natural and anthropogenic sources in the Bohai Sea. Sci Rep 2024; 14:30267. [PMID: 39632994 PMCID: PMC11618753 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-81493-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2024] [Accepted: 11/27/2024] [Indexed: 12/07/2024] Open
Abstract
The containment history in the coastal zone of the Bohai Sea has not been sufficiently traced because of the difficulty in identifying complex sources of pollutants. This study quantitatively identified various sources of Pb and Sr in two tidal flat sediment cores from Bohai Bay (core BB) and Liaodong Bay (core LB) based on their isotope ratios to trace the natural and anthropogenic disturbance history in the Bohai Sea. The results showed that natural inputs of Pb were the main sources for cores BB and LB; however, core LB was more influenced by anthropogenic inputs. Natural inputs were derived mainly from Chinese loess and Yellow River sediments, whereas anthropogenic sources were mainly a mixture of vehicular exhaust emissions before 2000 and coal combustion after 2000. Anthropogenic influence has declined since the late 1990s, especially in Bohai Bay, but has increased in Liaodong Bay from 1998 to 2006.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuaiya Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Polar Geology and Marine Mineral Resources, Ministry of Education, China University of Geosciences in Beijing, No. 29, Xueyuan Road, Beijing, 100083, China
- School of Ocean Sciences, China University of Geosciences in Beijing, No.29, Xueyuan Road, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Qinyue Li
- Key Laboratory of Polar Geology and Marine Mineral Resources, Ministry of Education, China University of Geosciences in Beijing, No. 29, Xueyuan Road, Beijing, 100083, China
- School of Ocean Sciences, China University of Geosciences in Beijing, No.29, Xueyuan Road, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Yu Zou
- Guangxi Institute of Geological Exploration, China Chemical Geology and Mine Bureau, No. 36, Xiuxiang Road, Nanning, 530001, China
| | - Baolin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Polar Geology and Marine Mineral Resources, Ministry of Education, China University of Geosciences in Beijing, No. 29, Xueyuan Road, Beijing, 100083, China.
- School of Ocean Sciences, China University of Geosciences in Beijing, No.29, Xueyuan Road, Beijing, 100083, China.
| | - Juan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Polar Geology and Marine Mineral Resources, Ministry of Education, China University of Geosciences in Beijing, No. 29, Xueyuan Road, Beijing, 100083, China
- School of Ocean Sciences, China University of Geosciences in Beijing, No.29, Xueyuan Road, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Houyi Zheng
- China Chemical Geology and Mine Bureau, No.20, Zone 13A, Heping Street, Beijing, 100028, China
| | - Gege Liu
- Key Laboratory of Polar Geology and Marine Mineral Resources, Ministry of Education, China University of Geosciences in Beijing, No. 29, Xueyuan Road, Beijing, 100083, China
- School of Ocean Sciences, China University of Geosciences in Beijing, No.29, Xueyuan Road, Beijing, 100083, China
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6
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Tao Z, Xia T, Chen F, Zhang L, Wei R, Chen S, Jia L, Lan W, Pan K. Cadmium contamination in sediments from a mangrove wetland: Insights from lead isotopes. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 479:135667. [PMID: 39226682 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.135667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2024] [Revised: 08/03/2024] [Accepted: 08/26/2024] [Indexed: 09/05/2024]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) pollution has gained significant attention in mangrove sediments due to its high toxicity and mobility. However, the sources of Cd and the factors influencing its accumulation in these sediments have remained elusive. In this study, we utilized lead (Pb) isotopic signatures for the first time to assess Cd contamination in mangrove sediments from the northern region of the Beibu Gulf. A strong correlation was observed between Cd and Pb concentrations in the mangrove sediments, suggesting a shared source that can be estimated using Pb isotopic signatures. By employing a Bayesian mixing model, we determined that 70.1 ± 8.2 % of Cd originated from natural sources, while 12.9 ± 4.9 %, 9.8 ± 3.7 %, and 7.1 ± 3.4 % were attributed to agricultural activities, non-ferrous metal smelting, and coal combustion, respectively. Our study clearly suggests that natural Cd could also dominate the high Cd content. Agricultural activities were the most important anthropogenic Cd sources, and the increased anthropogenic Cd accumulation in mangrove sediment was related to organic matter. This study introduces a novel approach for assessing Cd contamination in mangrove sediment, providing useful insights into Cd pollution in coastal wetlands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenghua Tao
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Microbiome Engineering, Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; Beijing Key Laboratory for Risk Modeling and Remediation of Contaminated Sites, Beijing Municipal Research Institute of Eco-Environmental Protection, Beijing 100037, China; Center for Environmental Remediation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Tianxiang Xia
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Risk Modeling and Remediation of Contaminated Sites, Beijing Municipal Research Institute of Eco-Environmental Protection, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Fengyuan Chen
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Microbiome Engineering, Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Lina Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Risk Modeling and Remediation of Contaminated Sites, Beijing Municipal Research Institute of Eco-Environmental Protection, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Rongfei Wei
- Center for Environmental Remediation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Shanshan Chen
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Microbiome Engineering, Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Lin Jia
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Risk Modeling and Remediation of Contaminated Sites, Beijing Municipal Research Institute of Eco-Environmental Protection, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Wenlu Lan
- Guangxi Key Lab of Mangrove Conservation and Utilization, Guangxi Mangrove Research Center, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Beihai 536000, China
| | - Ke Pan
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Microbiome Engineering, Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China.
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Tao Z, Peng G, Chen F, Guo Q, Wei R, Pan K, Deng Y, Jiao L, Zhang Z, Chen S, Xia T. Elevated lead mobility in sediments of a eutrophic drinking water reservoir during spring and summer seasons: Insights from isotopic signatures. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 475:134833. [PMID: 38880043 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Lead (Pb) pollution in sediments remains a major concern for ecosystem quality due to the robust interaction at the sediment/water interface, particularly in shallow lakes. However, understanding the mechanism behind seasonal fluctuations in Pb mobility in these sediments is lacking. Here, the seasonal variability of Pb concentration and isotopic ratio were investigated in the uppermost sediments of a shallow eutrophic drinking lake located in southeast China. Results reveal a sharp increase in labile Pb concentration during autumn-winter period, reaching ∼ 3-fold higher levels than during the spring-summer seasons. Despite these fluctuations, there was a notable overlap in the Pb isotopic signatures within the labile fraction across four seasons, suggesting that anthropogenic sources are not responsible for the elevated labile Pb concentration in autumn-winter seasons. Instead, the abnormally elevated labile Pb concentration during autumn-winter was probably related to reduction dissolution of Fe/Mn oxides, while declined labile Pb concentration during spring-summer may be attributed to adsorption/precipitation of Fe/Mn oxides. These large seasonal changes imply the importance of considering seasonal effects when conducting sediment sampling. We further propose a solution that using Pb isotopic signatures within the labile fraction instead of the bulk sediment can better reflect the information of anthropogenic Pb sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenghua Tao
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Risk Modeling and Remediation of Contaminated Sites, Beijing Municipal Research Institute of Eco-Environmental Protection, Beijing 100037, China; Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Microbiome Engineering, Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; Center for Environmental Remediation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Guogan Peng
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Microbiome Engineering, Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Fengyuan Chen
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Microbiome Engineering, Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Qingjun Guo
- Center for Environmental Remediation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Rongfei Wei
- Center for Environmental Remediation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Ke Pan
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Microbiome Engineering, Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Yinan Deng
- MNR Key Laboratory of Marine Mineral Resources, Guangzhou Marine Geological Survey, Guangzhou 510075, China
| | - Linlin Jiao
- College of Mining Engineering, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063210, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Microbiome Engineering, Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Shanshan Chen
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Microbiome Engineering, Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Tianxiang Xia
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Risk Modeling and Remediation of Contaminated Sites, Beijing Municipal Research Institute of Eco-Environmental Protection, Beijing 100037, China.
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Xie X, Wang K, Shen X, Li X, Wang S, Yuan S, Li B, Wang Z. Potential mechanisms of aortic medial degeneration promoted by co-exposure to microplastics and lead. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 475:134854. [PMID: 38889468 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2024] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) have attracted widespread attention because they can lead to combined toxicity by adsorbing heavy metals from the environment. Exposure to lead (Pb), a frequently adsorbed heavy metal by MPs, is common. In the current study, the coexistence of MPs and Pb was assessed in human samples. Then, mice were used as models to examine how co-exposure to MPs and Pb promotes aortic medial degeneration. The results showed that MPs and Pb co-exposure were detected in patients with aortic disease. In mice, MPs and Pb co-exposure promoted the damage of elastic fibers, loss of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), and release of inflammatory factors. In vitro cell models revealed that co-exposure to MPs and Pb induced excessive reactive oxygen species generation, impaired mitochondrial function, and triggered PANoptosome assembly in VSMCs. These events led to PANoptosis and inflammation through the cAMP/PKA-ROS signaling pathway. However, the use of the PKA activator 8-Br-cAMP or mitochondrial ROS scavenger Mito-TEMPO improved, mitochondrial function in VSMCs, reduced cell death, and inhibited inflammatory factor release. Taken together, the present study provided novel insights into the combined toxicity of MPs and Pb co-exposure on the aorta.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoping Xie
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 99# Zhangzhidong Road, Wuhan 430000, Hubei Province, China; Central Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 9# Zhangzhidong Road, Wuhan 430000, Hubei Province, China
| | - Kexin Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 99# Zhangzhidong Road, Wuhan 430000, Hubei Province, China; Central Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 9# Zhangzhidong Road, Wuhan 430000, Hubei Province, China
| | - Xiaoyan Shen
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 99# Zhangzhidong Road, Wuhan 430000, Hubei Province, China; Central Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 9# Zhangzhidong Road, Wuhan 430000, Hubei Province, China
| | - Xu Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 99# Zhangzhidong Road, Wuhan 430000, Hubei Province, China; Central Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 9# Zhangzhidong Road, Wuhan 430000, Hubei Province, China
| | - Su Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 9# Zhangzhidong Road, Wuhan 430000, Hubei Province, China; Central Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 9# Zhangzhidong Road, Wuhan 430000, Hubei Province, China
| | - Shun Yuan
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 99# Zhangzhidong Road, Wuhan 430000, Hubei Province, China; Central Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 9# Zhangzhidong Road, Wuhan 430000, Hubei Province, China
| | - Bowen Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 99# Zhangzhidong Road, Wuhan 430000, Hubei Province, China; Central Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 9# Zhangzhidong Road, Wuhan 430000, Hubei Province, China.
| | - Zhiwei Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 99# Zhangzhidong Road, Wuhan 430000, Hubei Province, China; Central Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 9# Zhangzhidong Road, Wuhan 430000, Hubei Province, China.
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9
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Li F, Zhang G, Jinxu Y, Ding T, Liu CQ, Lang Y, Liu N, Song S, Shi Y, Ge B. Comprehensive source identification of heavy metals in atmospheric particulate matter in a megacity: A case study of Hangzhou. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 366:121747. [PMID: 38991345 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.121747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2024] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
Megacities face significant pollution challenges, particularly the elevated levels of heavy metals (HMs) in particulate matter (PM). Despite the advent of interdisciplinary and advanced methods for HM source analysis, integrating and applying these approaches to identify HM sources in PM remains a hurdle. This study employs a year-long daily sampling dataset for PM1 and PM1-10 to examine the patterns of HM concentrations under hazy, clean, and rainy conditions in Hangzhou City, aiming to pinpoint the primary sources of HMs in PM. Contrary to other HMs that remained within acceptable limits, the annual average concentrations of Cd and Ni were found to be 20.6 ± 13.6 and 46.9 ± 34.8 ng/m³, respectively, surpassing the World Health Organization's limits by 4.1 and 1.9 times. Remarkably, Cd levels decreased on hazy days, whereas Ni levels were observed to rise on rainy days. Using principal component analysis (PCA), enrichment factor (EF), and backward trajectory analysis, Fe, Mn, Cu, and Zn were determined to be primarily derived from traffic emissions, and there was an interaction between remote migration and local emissions in haze weather. Isotope analysis reveals that Pb concentrations in the Hangzhou region were primarily influenced by emissions from unleaded gasoline, coal combustion, and municipal solid waste incineration, with additional impact from long-range transport; it also highlights nuanced differences between PM1 and PM1-10. Pb isotope and PCA analyses indicate that Ni primarily stemmed from waste incineration emissions. This explanation accounts for the observed higher Ni concentrations on rainy days. Backward trajectory cluster analysis revealed that southern airflows were the primary source of high Cd concentrations on clean days in Hangzhou City. This study employs a multifaceted approach and cross-validation to successfully delineate the sources of HMs in Hangzhou's PM. It offers a methodology for the precise and reliable analysis of complex HM sources in megacity PM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feili Li
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, PR China.
| | - Gaoxiang Zhang
- College of Ecology, Lishui University, Lishui 323000, PR China
| | - Yifei Jinxu
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, PR China
| | - Tianzheng Ding
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, PR China
| | - Cong-Qiang Liu
- Institute of Surface-Earth System Science, School of Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, PR China
| | - Yunchao Lang
- Institute of Surface-Earth System Science, School of Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, PR China
| | - Nuohang Liu
- Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Shuang Song
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, PR China
| | - Yasheng Shi
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Ningbo Observation and Research Station, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, PR China; Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Urban Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, CAS Haixi Industrial Technology Innovation Center in Beilun, Ningbo 315830, PR China
| | - Baozhu Ge
- Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, PR China.
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10
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Saravanan P, Saravanan V, Rajeshkannan R, Arnica G, Rajasimman M, Baskar G, Pugazhendhi A. Comprehensive review on toxic heavy metals in the aquatic system: sources, identification, treatment strategies, and health risk assessment. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 258:119440. [PMID: 38906448 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.119440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/23/2024]
Abstract
Heavy metal pollution in water sources has become a major worldwide environmental issue, posing a threat to aquatic ecosystems and human health. The pollution of the aquatic environment is increasing as a result of industrialization, climate change, and urban development. The sources of heavy metal pollution in water include mining waste, leachates from landfills, municipal and industrial wastewater, urban runoff, and natural events such as volcanism, weathering, and rock abrasion. Heavy metal ions are toxic and potentially carcinogenic. They can also buildup in biological systems and cause bioaccumulation even at low levels of exposure, heavy metals can cause harm to organs such as the nervous system, liver and lungs, kidneys and stomach, skin, and reproductive systems. There were various approaches tried to purify water and maintain water quality. The main purpose of this article was to investigate the occurrence and fate of the dangerous contaminants (Heavy metal and metalloids) found in domestic and industrial effluents. This effluent mixes with other water streams and is used for agricultural activities and other domestic activities further complicating the issue. It also discussed conventional and non-conventional treatment methods for heavy metals from aquatic environments. Conclusively, a pollution assessment of heavy metals and a human health risk assessment of heavy metals in water resources have been explained. In addition, there have been efforts to focus on heavy metal sequestration from industrial waste streams and to create a scientific framework for reducing heavy metal discharges into the aquatic environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panchamoorthy Saravanan
- Department of Petrochemical Technology, UCE - BIT Campus, Anna University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, 620024, India.
| | - V Saravanan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Annamalai University, Chidambaram, Tamil Nadu, 608002, India
| | - R Rajeshkannan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Annamalai University, Chidambaram, Tamil Nadu, 608002, India
| | - G Arnica
- Department of Petrochemical Technology, UCE - BIT Campus, Anna University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, 620024, India
| | - M Rajasimman
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Annamalai University, Chidambaram, Tamil Nadu, 608002, India
| | - Gurunathan Baskar
- Department of Biotechnology, St. Joseph's College of Engineering, Chennai, 600119, Tamil Nadu, India; School of Engineering, Lebanese American University, Byblos, 1102 2801, Lebanon
| | - Arivalagan Pugazhendhi
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Centre of Bioengineering, NatProLab, Plant Innovation Lab, School of Engineering and Sciences, Queretaro 76130, Mexico; Centre for Herbal Pharmacology and Environmental Sustainability, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Kelambakkam-603103, Tamil Nadu, India.
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11
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Gao Y, Lyu T, Zhang W, Zhou X, Zhang R, Tang Y, Jiang Y, Cao H. Control priority based on source-specific DALYs of PM 2.5-bound heavy metals by PMF-PSCF-IsoSource model in urban and suburban Beijing. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 352:120016. [PMID: 38232599 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.120016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
To determine the priority control sources, an approach was proposed to evaluate the source-specific contribution to health risks from inhaling PM2.5-bound heavy metals (PBHMs). A total of 482 daily PM2.5 samples were collected from urban and suburban areas of Beijing, China, between 2018 and 2019. In addition to the PMF-PSCF model, a Pb isotopic IsoSource model was built for more reliable source apportionment. By using the comprehensive indicator of disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), carcinogenic and noncarcinogenic health risks could be compared on a unified scale. The study found that the annual average concentrations of the total PBHMs were significantly higher in suburban areas than in urban areas, with significantly higher concentrations during the heating season than during the nonheating season. Comprehensive dust accounted for the largest contribution to the concentration of PBHMs, while coal combustion contributed the most to the DALYs associated with PBHMs. These results suggest that prioritizing the control of coal combustion could effectively reduce the disease burden associated with PBHMs, leading to notable public health benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Gao
- Beijing Area Major Laboratory of Protection and Utilization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China; Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Tong Lyu
- Beijing Area Major Laboratory of Protection and Utilization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China; Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Beijing Area Major Laboratory of Protection and Utilization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China; Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Xu Zhou
- Beijing Area Major Laboratory of Protection and Utilization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China; Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Ruidi Zhang
- Beijing Area Major Laboratory of Protection and Utilization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China; Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Yilin Tang
- Beijing Area Major Laboratory of Protection and Utilization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China; Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Yanxue Jiang
- College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, China
| | - Hongbin Cao
- Beijing Area Major Laboratory of Protection and Utilization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China; Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China.
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12
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Zhao J, Ma X, Li S, Liu C, Liu Y, Tan J, Yu L, Li X, Li W. Berberine hydrochloride ameliorates PM2.5-induced pulmonary fibrosis in mice through inhibiting oxidative stress and inflammatory. Chem Biol Interact 2023; 386:110731. [PMID: 37839514 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2023.110731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
Elevated levels of respirable particulate matter (PM) have been strongly linked to disease incidence and mortality in population-based epidemiological studies. Berberine hydrochloride (BBR), an isoquinoline alkaloid found in Coptis chinensis, exhibits antipyretic, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties. However, the protective effects and underlying mechanism of BBR against pulmonary fibrosis remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the protective effect of BBR on lung tissue damage using a mouse model of PM2.5-induced pulmonary fibrosis. SPF grade C57BL/6 mice were randomly assigned to four groups, each consisting of 10 mice. The mice were pretreated with BBR (50 mg/kg) by gavage for 45 consecutive days. A tracheal drip of PM2.5 suspension (8 mg/kg) was administered once every three days for a total of 15 times to induce lung fibrosis. Moreover, the results demonstrated that PM2.5 was found to inhibit the PPARγ signaling pathway, increase ROS expression, upregulate protein levels of IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α, as well as regulation of gene expression of STAT3 and SOCS3. Importantly, PM2.5 induced lung fibrosis by promoting collagen deposition, upregulating gene expression of fibrosis markers (TGF-β1, FN, α-SMA, COL-1, and COL-3), and downregulating E-cadherin expression. Remarkably, our findings suggest that these injuries could be reversed by BBR pretreatment. BBR acts as a PPARγ agonist in PM2.5-induced pulmonary fibrosis, activating the PPARγ signaling pathway to mitigate oxidative and inflammatory factor-mediated lung injury. This study provides valuable insights for the future prevention and treatment of pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiali Zhao
- School of Public Health, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261053, China
| | - Xuan Ma
- School of Public Health, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261053, China
| | - Siqi Li
- School of Public Health, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261053, China
| | - Chen Liu
- School of Public Health, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261053, China
| | - Yumei Liu
- School of Public Health, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261053, China; Weifang Key Laboratory of Health Inspection and Quarantine, Weifang, 261053, China
| | - Jinfeng Tan
- Weifang Environmental Monitoring Station, Weifang, 261044, China
| | - Li Yu
- School of Basic Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261053, China
| | - Xiaohong Li
- School of Public Health, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261053, China; "Healthy Shandong" Major Social Risk Prediction and Management Collaborative Innovation Center, Weifang, 261053, China; Weifang Key Laboratory of Health Inspection and Quarantine, Weifang, 261053, China.
| | - Wanwei Li
- School of Public Health, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261053, China; "Healthy Shandong" Major Social Risk Prediction and Management Collaborative Innovation Center, Weifang, 261053, China; Weifang Key Laboratory of Health Inspection and Quarantine, Weifang, 261053, China.
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13
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Tao Z, Hu J, Guo Q, Wei R, Jiao L, Li Y, Chen F, Fan B, Lan W, Pan K. Coupling isotopic signatures and partial extraction method to examine lead pollution in mangrove sediments. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 459:132252. [PMID: 37604039 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
Elevated lead (Pb) has been widely observed in mangrove sediments due to human activities, yet understanding the sources of Pb in these sediments and the factors influencing Pb accumulation is challenging. Here, we combined Pb isotopes with partial extraction methods to study Pb contamination levels in mangrove sediments from the eastern and western parts of the Maowei Sea, China. Our results showed that the Pb in the leachate and residual fraction was mainly from anthropogenic and natural sources, respectively. The use of 204Pb isotope analysis can reveal some overlooked differences between anthropogenic and natural sources. Calculation by Bayesian mixing model showed no significant difference in the total anthropogenic contribution between the two sites, but the relative contribution of each end member differed. The contribution of Pb/Zn ores was much higher in the eastern sites (30.9 ± 5.1%) than in the west (18.4 ± 5.5%), while that of agricultural activities was much lower in the east (5.2 ± 3.1%) than in the west (13.5 ± 4.6%). The elevated anthropogenic Pb accumulation in mangrove sediments was ascribed to organic matter. This study provides more data on Pb isotopic composition and new insights into Pb biogeochemistry in the mangrove environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenghua Tao
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Microbiome Engineering, Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Jian Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Qingjun Guo
- Center for Environmental Remediation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Rongfei Wei
- Center for Environmental Remediation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Linlin Jiao
- College of Mining Engineering, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063210, China
| | - Yanping Li
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Microbiome Engineering, Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Fengyuan Chen
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Microbiome Engineering, Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Bailing Fan
- College of Eco-Environmental Engineering, Guizhou Minzu University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Wenlu Lan
- Beibu Gulf Marine Ecological Environment Field Observation and Research Station of Guangxi, Marine Environmental Monitoring Centre of Guangxi, Beihai 536000, China
| | - Ke Pan
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Microbiome Engineering, Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China.
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14
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Dai WJ, Li XD, Fu YC, Ding SY, Li QK, Zhao ZQ. Identification and contribution of potential sources to atmospheric lead pollution in a typical megacity: Insights from isotope analysis and the Bayesian mixing model. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 892:164567. [PMID: 37268120 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.164567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Atmospheric particulate matter (PM) enriched with lead (Pb) has severe irreversible effects on human health. Therefore, identifying the contribution of Pb emission sources is essential for protecting the health of residents. Using the Pb isotopic tracer method, this study explored the seasonal characteristics and primary anthropogenic Pb sources for atmospheric PM in Tianjin in 2019. We calculated the contribution of Pb sources using the end-member and MixSIAR models. The results showed that Pb loaded in PM10 was more abundant in January than in July, and was strongly influenced by meteorological conditions and anthropogenic emissions. The primary Pb sources of the aerosol samples originated from coal combustion and vehicle and steel plant emissions, mainly originating from local Pb emission sources in Tianjin. The PM10-bond Pb in January was influenced by regional transportation and local sources. The MixSIAS model calculated the contribution of coal combustion as approximately 50 %. Compared with that in January, the contribution of coal combustion decreased by 9.6 % in July. Our results indicate that some of the benefits of phased-out leaded gasoline have been short-lived, whereas other industrial activities releasing Pb have increased. Furthermore, the results emphasise the practicability of the Pb isotope tracer source approach for identifying and distinguishing between different anthropogenic Pb inputs. Based on this study, scientific and effective air pollution prevention and control programs can be formulated to provide decision support for the guidance and control of air pollutant emissions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Jing Dai
- School of Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; School of Earth Science and Resource, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - Xiao-Dong Li
- School of Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
| | - Yu-Cong Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Shi-Yuan Ding
- School of Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Qin-Kai Li
- School of Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Zhi-Qi Zhao
- School of Earth Science and Resource, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710054, China.
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15
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Shen YW, Zhao CX, Zhao H, Dong SF, Xie JJ, Lv ML, Yuan CG. Decryption analysis of antimony pollution sources in PM 2.5 through a multi-source isotope mixing model based on lead isotopes. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 328:121600. [PMID: 37068649 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Antimony (Sb) in PM2.5 has attracted close attention as a new air pollutant due to its extensive use in daily life. The identification of antimony sources in PM2.5 by scientific methods is important to control its pollution. In this study, the Sb and other elements concentrations and Pb isotopic compositions in PM2.5 and possible pollution sources (soil, road dust, traffic emission, coal-fired fly ash, local factory emission dust and cement dust) were analyzed. The results showed that the Sb in the PM2.5 samples had seasonal change. The enrichment factors of Sb in PM2.5 samples were all above 100 in four seasons, which indicated anthropogenic pollution. The average value of potential ecological risk index was at extremely high-risk level greater than 320. Based on Pearson correlation coefficient and hierarchical cluster analysis results, the pollution sources of antimony and lead in PM2.5 samples were highly consistent which means that Pb isotopes might be a new and feasible tracer for Sb pollution in air. The sources analysis results based on Pb isotopes indicated that the proportion of Pb and Sb from coal-fired fly ash was the highest in winter (47.7%) and inclined to road dust in spring (34.5%), but it was mainly from traffic emissions in summer and autumn (34.2% and 32.8%). This study showed that Pb isotope tracing can be applied to predict the potential pollution sources, and it was also a feasible substitute for tracing Sb pollution in PM2.5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Wen Shen
- Hebei Key Lab of Power Plant Flue Gas Multi-Pollutants Control, Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Baoding, 071000, China
| | - Chang-Xian Zhao
- Hebei Key Lab of Power Plant Flue Gas Multi-Pollutants Control, Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Baoding, 071000, China
| | - Hao Zhao
- Hebei Key Lab of Power Plant Flue Gas Multi-Pollutants Control, Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Baoding, 071000, China
| | - Shuo-Fei Dong
- Agilent Technologies Co. Ltd (China), Beijing, 100102, China
| | - Jiao-Jiao Xie
- Hebei Key Lab of Power Plant Flue Gas Multi-Pollutants Control, Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Baoding, 071000, China
| | - Mei-Ling Lv
- Agilent Technologies Co. Ltd (China), Beijing, 100102, China
| | - Chun-Gang Yuan
- Hebei Key Lab of Power Plant Flue Gas Multi-Pollutants Control, Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Baoding, 071000, China; MOE Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Systems Optimization, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, 102206, China.
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16
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Wang X, Liu E, Yan M, Zheng S, Fan Y, Sun Y, Li Z, Xu J. Contamination and source apportionment of metals in urban road dust (Jinan, China) integrating the enrichment factor, receptor models (FA-NNC and PMF), local Moran's index, Pb isotopes and source-oriented health risk. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 878:163211. [PMID: 37003334 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Contamination and source identifications of metals in urban road dust are critical for remediation and health protection. Receptor models are commonly used for metal source identification, whereas the results are usually subjective and not verified by other indicators. Here we present and discuss a comprehensive approach to study metal contamination and sources in urban road dust (Jinan) in spring and winter by integrating the enrichment factor (EF), receptor models (positive matrix factorization (PMF) and factor analysis with nonnegative constraints (FA-NNC)), local Moran's index, traffic factors and Pb isotopes. Cadmium, Cr, Cu, Pb, Sb, Sn and Zn were the main contaminants, with mean EFs of 2.0-7.1. The EFs were 1.0-1.6 times higher in winter than in spring but exhibited similar spatial trends. Chromium contamination hotspots occurred in the northern area, with other metal contamination hotspots in the central, southeastern and eastern areas. The FA-NNC results indicated Cr contamination primarily resulting from industrial sources and other metal contamination primarily originating from traffic emissions during the two seasons. Coal burning emissions also contributed to Cd, Pb and Zn contamination in winter. FA-NNC model-identified metal sources were verified via traffic factors, atmospheric monitoring and Pb isotopes. The PMF model failed to differentiate Cr contamination from other detrital metals and the above anthropogenic sources, largely due to the model grouping metals by emphasizing hotspots. Considering the FA-NNC results, industrial and traffic sources accounted for 28.5 % (23.3 %) and 44.7 % (28.4 %), respectively, of the metal concentrations in spring (winter), and coal burning emissions contributed 34.3 % in winter. Industrial emissions primarily contributed to the health risks of metals due to the high Cr loading factor, but traffic emissions dominated metal contamination. Through Monte Carlo simulations, Cr had 4.8 % and 0.4 % possibilities posing noncarcinogenic and 18.8 % and 8.2 % possibilities posing carcinogenic risks for children in spring and winter, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Wang
- College of Geography and Environment, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250358, PR China
| | - Enfeng Liu
- College of Geography and Environment, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250358, PR China.
| | - Mengxia Yan
- College of Geography and Environment, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250358, PR China
| | - Shuwei Zheng
- College of Geography and Environment, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250358, PR China
| | - Ying Fan
- College of Geography and Environment, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250358, PR China
| | - Yingxue Sun
- College of Geography and Environment, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250358, PR China
| | - Zijun Li
- College of Geography and Environment, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250358, PR China
| | - Jinling Xu
- College of Geography and Environment, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250358, PR China.
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17
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Tao Z, Guo Q, Liu C, Wei R, Han X, Lang Y, Guo Z, Hu J, Dong X, Famiyeh L. Slight transition in Chinese atmospheric Pb isotopic fingerprinting due to increasing foreign Pb. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 323:121296. [PMID: 36804888 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Atmospheric lead (Pb) pollution negatively affects human health and ecosystem, and extensive research is required to identify its sources and develop robust mitigation methods. In this study, the concentration and isotopic composition of Pb in fine particulate matter (PM2.5) at five sites in the China's Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei (BTH) region were analyzed. The results showed that the Pb concentration in the BTH region declined along the northwest direction in winter owing to the East Asian monsoon. Pb isotopic signatures confirmed that anthropogenic activities significantly contributed to Pb pollution, compared with natural sources. With the increasing import of foreign Pb (with a relatively lower 208Pb/206Pb ratio) to China, we hypothesized that the unique isotopic signature of Pb in Chinese aerosols may decline over time. Therefore, the application of the isotopic approach for quantifying Pb transported from China should be carefully appraised in future research to provide a realistic estimate of the contribution of local sources and the transboundary effect consistent with air mass trajectories analysis. This study provides a theoretical reference for supporting the utilization of Δ208Pb values for better clarify the transboundary impact of Pb pollution and to reduce international disputes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenghua Tao
- Center for Environmental Remediation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qingjun Guo
- Center for Environmental Remediation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Congqiang Liu
- Institute of Surface-Earth System Science, School of Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Rongfei Wei
- Center for Environmental Remediation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Xiaokun Han
- Institute of Surface-Earth System Science, School of Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Yunchao Lang
- Institute of Surface-Earth System Science, School of Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Zhaobing Guo
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
| | - Jian Hu
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Xinyuan Dong
- Center for Environmental Remediation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Lord Famiyeh
- Center for Environmental Remediation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, 199 Taikang E Rd, Ningbo 315100, China
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18
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Jung CC, Syu ZH, Chou CCK, Huang YT. A study to characterize the lead isotopic fingerprint in PM 2.5 emitted from incense stick and cigarette burning. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:56893-56903. [PMID: 36929257 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-26383-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The incense sticks and cigarettes burning are key sources of particulate matter with a diameter of ≤ 2.5 μm (PM2.5) in indoor and outdoor air. While lead (Pb) isotope ratios provide valuable insights into the origin of particle pollution, their applicability for investigating these source remains unclear. The Pb isotope ratios in the PM2.5 emitted from these two sources were analyzed, and effects of brands or nicotine contents on the ratios were assessed. In addition, As, Cr, and Pb were analyzed to investigate whether Pb isotope ratios can serve as an indicator for the source investigation of these metals. We found that average ratios of 206Pb/204Pb, 206Pb/207Pb, and 208Pb/207Pb in cigarettes were heavier than those in incense sticks. Scatter plots of Pb isotope ratios indicated an overlap of values for incense sticks or cigarettes linked to different brands, in that ratios for cigarettes with high nicotine content were heavier than for those with low nicotine content. Scatter plots of As, Cr, or Pb concentration against Pb isotope ratios clearly distinguished the effects of cigarette burning versus incense sticks with respect to PM2.5 of these metals. Results indicate that brand differences did not affect the determination of PM2.5 in these two sources. We suggest that Pb isotope ratios can be a useful tool in investigating the influence of incense sticks and of cigarettes (with high or low nicotine content) burning to PM2.5 and associated metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Cheng Jung
- Department of Public Health, China Medical University, No. 100, Sec. 1, Jingmao Rd, Beitun District, Taichung City, 40640, Taiwan.
| | - Zih-Hong Syu
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City, Taiwan
| | - Charles C-K Chou
- Research Center for Environmental Changes, Academia Sinica, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Tang Huang
- Research Center for Environmental Changes, Academia Sinica, Taipei City, Taiwan
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Zhou X, Lu L, Wang Y, Fang Y, Sun T. Spatial distribution and source analysis of airborne trace metal deposition using moss biomonitoring in Huai'an, China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:34022-34036. [PMID: 36504303 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-24452-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Terrestrial mosses are tracers for studying atmospheric trace metal deposition and pollution. Here, Al, Fe, Zn, Mn, Ba, Cu, V, Cr, Pb, Ni, Co, and Cd concentrations in mosses from Huai'an, China, were measured to investigate their contamination level, spatial distribution, and sources. The average concentration of all the metals (except Ni) was much higher than those in Albania, a "hotspot" of toxic metal contamination in Europe. The pollution degree of the metals varied significantly: moderate contamination by Al, Fe, Mn, Zn, Cr, V, and Cd; slight contamination by Ba, Cu, Ni, and Pb; and suspected contamination by Co. Based on the Nemerow index (PN), only 8% of the moss samples were graded as moderate pollution, while the remaining 92% were rated as heavy pollution, with Cd and Zn contributing the most. The potential ecological risk index (RI) indicated a moderate potential ecological risk from the metals in Huai'an, with the atmosphere most heavily polluted by Cd. Further, the positive matrix factorization (PMF) model was applied to confirm the metal contamination sources and allocate their source contributions in Huai'an mosses. The results showed that the source contributions of industrial activities related to metal smelting, textile dyestuff and agricultural activities, mining development, natural source, and coal burning and traffic emission accounted for 28.86%, 20.29%, 19.83%, 17.98%, and 13.04%, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Zhou
- School of Marine and Biological Engineering, Yancheng Teachers University, Yancheng, 224002, China
- Co-Innovation Centre for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Biology and the Environment, Key Laboratory of State Forestry and Grassland Administration On Subtropical Forest Biodiversity Conservation, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Bioresources of Saline Soils, Yancheng, 224002, China
| | - Liping Lu
- Hongze Lake East Wetland Provincial Nature Reserve Management Office, Huai'an, 211706, China
| | - Yanan Wang
- Co-Innovation Centre for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Biology and the Environment, Key Laboratory of State Forestry and Grassland Administration On Subtropical Forest Biodiversity Conservation, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Yanming Fang
- Co-Innovation Centre for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Biology and the Environment, Key Laboratory of State Forestry and Grassland Administration On Subtropical Forest Biodiversity Conservation, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China.
| | - Tongxing Sun
- School of Marine and Biological Engineering, Yancheng Teachers University, Yancheng, 224002, China
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20
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Jung CC, Chen YH, Chou CCK. Spatial and seasonal variations in the carbon and lead isotopes of PM 2.5 in air of residential buildings and their applications for source identification. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 316:120654. [PMID: 36375577 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
To understand isotope distributions of PM2.5 in residential buildings and apply them for source identification, carbon (δ13C) and lead (Pb) isotope ratios in indoor and outdoor air of residential buildings were analyzed. Moreover, factor analysis (FA) was employed to investigate sources, which were compared through isotopic analyses. The average δ13C values of indoor air are -26.94 ± 1.22‰ and -27.04 ± 0.44‰ in warm (August to October) and cold (February to March) seasons, respectively, and the corresponding values for outdoor air are -26.77 ± 0.54‰ and -26.57 ± 0.39‰. The average 206Pb/207Pb (208Pb/207Pb) ratios of indoor air are 1.1584 ± 0.0091 (2.4309 ± 0.0125) and 1.1529 ± 0.0032 (2.4227 ± 0.0081) in warm and cold seasons, respectively, and the corresponding values for outdoor air are 1.1594 ± 0.0069 (2.4374 ± 0.0103) and 1.1538 ± 0.0077 (2.4222 ± 0.0085). Seasonal variation in δ13C values or Pb isotope ratios of indoor air was not significant, and similar results were obtained for outdoor air. Significant differences were not observed between δ13C values or Pb isotope ratios of indoor and outdoor air. Traffic emission is the major contributor to indoor and outdoor PM2.5 based on isotopic analyses; this result was consistent with the results of FA. The δ13C values of indoor air in buildings with poor ventilation conditions were significantly lighter than those of outdoor air. In summary, the spatial and seasonal variations of isotopes were similar in residential buildings, which can be used to identify sources of indoor PM2.5, and ventilation condition is an influencing factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Cheng Jung
- Department of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung City, Taiwan.
| | - Yang-Hsueh Chen
- Department of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung City, Taiwan.
| | - Charles C-K Chou
- Research Center for Environmental Changes, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.
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21
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Shen J, Taghvaee S, La C, Oroumiyeh F, Liu J, Jerrett M, Weichenthal S, Del Rosario I, Shafer MM, Ritz B, Zhu Y, Paulson SE. Aerosol Oxidative Potential in the Greater Los Angeles Area: Source Apportionment and Associations with Socioeconomic Position. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022; 56:17795-17804. [PMID: 36472388 PMCID: PMC9775201 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c02788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative potential (OP) has been proposed as a possible integrated metric for particles smaller than 2.5 μm in diameter (PM2.5) to evaluate adverse health outcomes associated with particulate air pollution exposure. Here, we investigate how OP depends on sources and chemical composition and how OP varies by land use type and neighborhood socioeconomic position in the Los Angeles area. We measured OH formation (OPOH), dithiothreitol loss (OPDTT), black carbon, and 52 metals and elements for 54 total PM2.5 samples collected in September 2019 and February 2020. The Positive Matrix Factorization source apportionment model identified four sources contributing to volume-normalized OPOH: vehicular exhaust, brake and tire wear, soil and road dust, and mixed secondary and marine. Exhaust emissions contributed 42% of OPOH, followed by 21% from brake and tire wear. Similar results were observed for the OPDTT source apportionment. Furthermore, by linking measured PM2.5 and OP with census tract level socioeconomic and health outcome data provided by CalEnviroScreen, we found that the most disadvantaged neighborhoods were exposed to both the most toxic particles and the highest particle concentrations. OPOH exhibited the largest inverse social gradients, followed by OPDTT and PM2.5 mass. Finally, OPOH was the metric most strongly correlated with adverse health outcome indicators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Shen
- Department
of Atmospheric & Oceanic Sciences, University
of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Sina Taghvaee
- Department
of Atmospheric & Oceanic Sciences, University
of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Chris La
- Department
of Atmospheric & Oceanic Sciences, University
of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Farzan Oroumiyeh
- Department
of Environmental Health Sciences, Jonathan and Karin Fielding School
of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Jonathan Liu
- Department
of Environmental Health Sciences, Jonathan and Karin Fielding School
of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Michael Jerrett
- Department
of Environmental Health Sciences, Jonathan and Karin Fielding School
of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Scott Weichenthal
- Department
of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 1A2, Canada
| | - Irish Del Rosario
- Department
of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Martin M. Shafer
- Environmental
Chemistry and Technology Program, University
of Wisconsin−Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Beate Ritz
- Department
of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Yifang Zhu
- Department
of Environmental Health Sciences, Jonathan and Karin Fielding School
of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Suzanne E. Paulson
- Department
of Atmospheric & Oceanic Sciences, University
of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
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22
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Luo J, Xing W, Ippolito JA, Zhao L, Han K, Wang Y, Qiu K, Li L. Bioaccessibility, source and human health risk of Pb, Cd, Cu and Zn in windowsill dusts from an area affected by long-term Pb smelting. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 842:156707. [PMID: 35718186 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Revised: 05/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Non-ferrous metal smelting results in heterogenous spatial distribution of potentially toxic metals (PTM) near smelters. In this work, windowsill dusts were collected from smelting (SA) and urban (UJ) sub-areas of Jiyuan (a city affected by >70 years of Pb smelting) to investigate PTM source and bioaccessibility. The <10 μm fraction of dusts were analyzed for total and bioaccessible Pb, Cd, Cu and Zn concentrations; bioaccessibility was analyzed by a three-stage assay (i.e., lung phase, gastric phase and gastrointestinal phase) using artificial lysosomal fluid (ALF, L phase) followed by simulated gastric and gastrointestinal fluids (G and GI phases). This assay mimicked the movement of particles phagocytosed by alveolar macrophages in the respiratory system, then transported up the oropharynx and subsequently swallowed and transported into the digestive system. Zinc had greater bioaccessible concentrations in L and GI phases than other metals, and the mean L phase bioaccessible PTM concentrations in SA were greater than in UJ. The mean L + GI phase bioaccessible concentrations of Pb, Cd, Cu and Zn in SA were 280, 79, 124 and 1458 mg kg-1, while those in UJ were 215, 54, 116 and 598 mg kg-1, respectively. The L phase extracted 87.7 to 98.8 % of PTM within the L + GI assay. Lead had a lower L + GI bioaccessibility than Cd, Cu and Zn (70-76 % vs. 82-92 %). Higher tolerable Cd carcinogenic risks based on bioaccessibility were found in SA sub-area than in UJ while no carcinogenic or non-carcinogenic risk was found for other metals. Lead isotopic ratios indicated that both Pb ore and smelting bottom ash contributed to dust Pb accumulation in SA, while coal burning, lead ore, Pb smelting bottom ash and diesel engine exhaust contributed to dust Pb accumulation in UJ. Overall, results indicated heterogenous distribution of PTM source and bioaccessibility in the vicinity of Pb smelters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Luo
- School of the Environment, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China; Henan International Joint Laboratory of Environmental Pollution, Remediation and Food Quality Security, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Weiqin Xing
- School of the Environment, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China; Henan International Joint Laboratory of Environmental Pollution, Remediation and Food Quality Security, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - James A Ippolito
- Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1170, USA; Henan International Joint Laboratory of Environmental Pollution, Remediation and Food Quality Security, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Linlin Zhao
- Jiyuan Ecological and Environmental Monitoring Center of Henan Province, Jiyuan, Henan 459000, China
| | - Ke Han
- Jiyuan Ecological and Environmental Monitoring Center of Henan Province, Jiyuan, Henan 459000, China
| | - Yale Wang
- School of the Environment, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China; Henan International Joint Laboratory of Environmental Pollution, Remediation and Food Quality Security, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Kunyan Qiu
- Jiyuan Ecological and Environmental Monitoring Center of Henan Province, Jiyuan, Henan 459000, China
| | - Liping Li
- School of the Environment, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China; Henan International Joint Laboratory of Environmental Pollution, Remediation and Food Quality Security, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China.
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23
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Chen Z, Wang B, Shi C, Ding Y, Liu T, Zhang J. Source, Distribution, and Risk Estimation of Hazardous Elements in Farmland Soils in a Typical Alluvial-Lacustrine Transition Basin, Hunan Province. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:10971. [PMID: 36078709 PMCID: PMC9518575 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191710971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Increased concentrations of heavy metals in soil due to anthropogenic activities pose a considerable threat to human health and require constant attention. This study investigates the spatial distribution of heavy metals (Cd, Pb, Zn, Sb) and metalloids (As) in a typical alluvial-lacustrine transition basin and calculates the bioavailable forms of elements posing a direct threat. Qualitative and quantitative methods were used to identify the sources of contaminants, after which an ecological risk assessment was conducted. Total (T) As, Pb, and Zn decreased with the depth, whereas Cd and Sb increased in surface (0-20 cm) soil. Bioavailable (Bio) Cd and Pb in the topsoil were regulated by pH and organic matter, whereas Bio-Zn was regulated by soil pH. Within deeper soil layers, the combined effects of pH, organic matter, and clay contents regulated the bio-elements. The results of multiple methods and local investigation showed that TSb (65.3%) was mainly derived from mining activities, TCd (53.2%) and TZn (53.7%) were derived from direct pollution by industrial production and agricultural fertilizers, respectively, and TA (55.6%) was mainly derived from the soil parent material. TPb was related to vehicle exhaust emissions and atmospheric deposition from industrial activities. Although the potential ecological risk in the study area remains relatively low, there is a need for continuous monitoring of the potential ecological risks of Cd and Sb. This study can act as a reference for the prevention and mitigation of heavy metal contamination of alluvial-lacustrine transition basins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihan Chen
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Bingguo Wang
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Chongwen Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Yonghui Ding
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Tianqi Liu
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Junshuai Zhang
- Guangzhou Metro Design & Research Institute Co., Ltd., Guangzhou 510010, China
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24
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Zhang M, Tang L, Ji H. Elements and Pb isotopic composition as evidence for contaminant-metal dispersal in surficial soil and sediment of drinking water source in Beijing, China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 837:155682. [PMID: 35525363 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Pb pollution in soils and sediments has adverse effects on human health and the environment. Identifying and quantifying the relative contribution of Pb pollution sources are key issues to control Pb pollution. In this study, U, Th and Pb concentration, Pb enrichment coefficient and Pb isotopic composition in the sediment and surface soil samples of the Miyun Reservoir and its upstream Chaohe, Baihe and Tanghe River were analysed to determine the source and relative contribution of Pb pollution. Results show a significant enrichment of Pb in the sediments of the Baihe River (2.7 ± 0.9). The enrichment of Pb in the soils in Baihe (8.0 ± 10.5) and Tanghe (313.3 ± 1139.4) is more obvious, and Pb is unevenly distributed in the soil in the Tanghe Basin. In general, soil is more seriously affected by human activities than sediment. The Pb isotope ratio indicates that mining activities and natural background are the main sources of Pb in soil and sediment. Based on the binary mixture model, the average contribution rate of mining activities to Pb pollution in the sediment is 21.5%, of which the contribution rates in the Miyun Reservoir, Chaohe, Baihe and Tanghe River are 14.86%, 17.20%, 41.03% and 26.32%, respectively. The average contribution rate of mining activities to soil Pb is 43.1%, among which the contribution rates in the Chaohe River Basin, Baihe River Basin and Tanghe River Basin are 58.79%, 60.98% and 36.24%, respectively. In summary, soils and sediments in the basin are affected by mining activities to varying degrees. Nevertheless, natural background is still the main source of Pb in the sediments in the basin and in soil in the Tanghe River. Mining activities are the main sources of Pb in soils in the Chaohe and Baihe River.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Zhang
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Lei Tang
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Hongbing Ji
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China.
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25
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Ye J, Li J, Wang P, Ning Y, Liu J, Yu Q, Bi X. Inputs and sources of Pb and other metals in urban area in the post leaded gasoline era. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 306:119389. [PMID: 35523381 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The contamination status of heavy metals in urban environment changes frequently with the industrial structure adjustment, energy conservation and emission reduction and thus requires timely investigation. Based on enrichment factor, multivariate statistical analysis and isotope fingerprinting, we assessed comprehensively the inputs and sources of heavy metals in different samples from an urban area that was less impacted by leaded gasoline exhaust. The road dust contained relatively high levels of Cr, Pb and Zn (with enrichment factor >2) that originated from both exhaust and non-exhaust traffic emissions, while the moss plants could accumulate high levels of Pb and Zn from the deposition of traffic exhaust emission. This suggest that the traffic emission is still an important source of metals in the urban area although gasoline is currently lead free. On the contrary, the occurrences of metals in the urban soils were controlled by natural sources and non-traffic anthropogenic emission. These findings revealed that different samples would receive different inputs of metals from different sources in the urban area, and the responsiveness and sensitiveness of these urban samples to metal inputs can be ranked as moss ≥ dust > soil. Taken together, our results suggested that in order to avoid generalizing and get detail source information, multi-samples and multi-measures must be adopted in the assessment of integrated urban environmental quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxin Ye
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Critical Zone Evolution, School of Earth Sciences, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Junjie Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Critical Zone Evolution, School of Earth Sciences, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Pengcong Wang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Critical Zone Evolution, School of Earth Sciences, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Yongqiang Ning
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Critical Zone Evolution, School of Earth Sciences, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Jinling Liu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Critical Zone Evolution, School of Earth Sciences, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Qianqian Yu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Critical Zone Evolution, School of Earth Sciences, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Xiangyang Bi
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Critical Zone Evolution, School of Earth Sciences, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China.
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He N, Hu L, He Z, Li M, Huang Y. Mineralization of lead by Phanerochaete chrysosporium microcapsules loaded with hydroxyapatite. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 422:126902. [PMID: 34418828 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In this study, microcapsules assembled with Phanerochaete chrysosporium (P. chrysosporium, PC) and hydroxyapatite (HAP) were successfully prepared and applied for Pb(II) immobilization in aqueous solution. The effect of different conditions on Pb(II) removal was investigated, such as pH, temperature, dosages of microcapsules and HAP, and initial concentrations of Pb(II). The removal efficiency of Pb(II) was in order of HAP+PC > HAP > PC > CK (control check) at the Pb(II) initial concentration of 100 mg L-1, which were 87.7%, 82.82%, 63.67% and 2.06%, respectively. Under HAP+PC treatment, P. chrysosporium secreted plentiful organic acids like formic, oxalic and citric acids, when the addition dose of HAP increased from 5 g L-1 to 15 g L-1, the production of formic acid increased remarkably from 32.37 g L-1 to 66.02 g L-1. After reaction, P. chrysosporium kept a good biological activity evidenced by the live/dead stain test. The characterization results indicated that the insoluble apatite could transform to soluble phosphate due to the secreted organic acids, then reacted with Pb(II) to form pyromorphite [Pb10(PO4)6Cl2] and lead phosphate hydroxide [Pb10(PO4)6(OH)2]. The overall results clearly demonstrated that combining P. chrysosporium with HAP could be used as a promising technology to accelerate lead immobilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ni He
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Biohydrometallurgy of Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Liang Hu
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Biohydrometallurgy of Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China.
| | - Zhiguo He
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Biohydrometallurgy of Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Mengke Li
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Biohydrometallurgy of Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Yongji Huang
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Biohydrometallurgy of Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
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