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Keem MJ, Jo BG, Lee SH, Kim TY, Jung YS, Jeong EJ, Kim KH, Kim SN, Yang MH. Ameliorative effects of Wikstroemia trichotoma 95% EtOH extract on a mouse model of DNCB-induced atopic dermatitis. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 333:118398. [PMID: 38823660 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The genus Wikstroemia has been extensively utilized in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) for the management of conditions such as coughs, edema, arthritis, and bronchitis. Studies have indicated that the crude extracts of Wikstroemia exhibit anti-inflammatory, anti-allergy, anti-aging, skin psoriasis, anti-cancer, and antiviral properties. In addition, these extracts are known to contain bioactive substances, including flavonoids, coumarins, and lignans. However, few studies have investigated the anti-inflammatory or anti-allergic activities of Wikstroemia trichotoma (Thunb.) Makino against atopic dermatitis (AD). AIM OF THE STUDY The study aimed to explore the potential of a 95% ethanol extract of W. trichotoma (WTE) on the dysfunction of skin barrier and immune system, which are primary symptoms of AD, in 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB)-induced SKH-1 hairless mice and phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA)/ionomycin or immunoglobulin E (IgE) + 2,4-dinitrophenylated bovine serum albumin (DNP-BSA) stimulated rat basophilic leukemia cell line (RBL-2H3). Furthermore, we sought to identify the chemical contents of WTE using high-performance liquid chromatography equipped with a photodiode array detector (HPLC-PDA). MATERIALS AND METHODS An in vitro study was conducted using RBL-2H3 cells stimulated with PMA/ionomycin or IgE + DNP-BSA to assess the inhibitory effects of WTE on mast cell degranulation and interleukin-4 (IL-4) mRNA expression levels. For the in vivo study, AD was induced in SKH-1 hairless mice by applying 1% DNCB to the dorsal skin daily for 7 days. Subsequently, 0.1% DNCB solution was applied on alternate days, and mice were orally administered WTE (at 30 or 100 mg/kg/day) dissolved in 0.5% carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) daily for 2 weeks. Transepidermal water loss (TEWL), skin hydration, skin pH, and total serum IgE levels were measured. RESULTS In DNCB-stimulated SKH-1 hairless mice, WTE administration significantly improved AD symptoms and ameliorated dorsal skin inflammation. Oral administration of WTE led to a significant decrease in skin thickness, infiltration of mast cells, and level of total serum IgE, thus restoring skin barrier function in the DNCB-induced skin lesions. In addition, WTE inhibited β-hexosaminidase release and reduced IL-4 mRNA levels in RBL-2H3 cells. Chemical profile analysis of WTE confirmed the presence of three phenolic compounds, viz. chlorogenic acid, miconioside B, and matteucinol-7-O-β-apiofuranosyl (1 → 6)-β-glucopyranoside. CONCLUSIONS WTE ameliorates AD symptoms by modulating in the skin barrier and immune system dysfunction. This suggests that W. trichotoma extract may offer therapeutic benefits for managing AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Ji Keem
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Research Institute for Drug Development, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea.
| | - Beom-Geun Jo
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Research Institute for Drug Development, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sang Heon Lee
- Natural Products Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Gangneung, 25451, Republic of Korea.
| | - Tae-Young Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Research Institute for Drug Development, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea.
| | - Young Suk Jung
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Research Institute for Drug Development, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea.
| | - Eun-Ju Jeong
- Department of Green Bio Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52725, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ki Hyun Kim
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea.
| | - Su-Nam Kim
- Natural Products Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Gangneung, 25451, Republic of Korea; Division of Bio-Medical Science and Technology, KIST School, University of Science and Technology, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea.
| | - Min Hye Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Research Institute for Drug Development, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea.
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Arai I, Saito S. Interleukin-31 Receptor A Expression in the Dorsal Root Ganglion of Mice with Atopic Dermatitis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021047. [PMID: 36674561 PMCID: PMC9866691 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 12/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common skin disease caused by genetic and environmental factors. However, the mechanisms underlying AD development remain unclear. In this study, we examined the genetic factors contributing to the onset of itch-associated scratching in different strains of mice. Interleukin-31 (IL-31) induces severe scratching and dermatitis in mice. However, the site of action of IL-31 remains unclear. Cutaneous IL-31 and IL-31 receptor A (IL-31RA) mRNAs in the dorsal root ganglion (DRG) are expressed exclusively in the AD model, i.e., NC/Nga mice. Here we evaluated the effects of repeated administration of IL-31 on the scratching behavior in NC/Nga, BALB/c, and C57BL/6 mice. The results showed that repeated administration of IL-31 significantly increased itch-associated scratching (LLS) behavior in the three strains of mice. One hour after an intravenous IL-31 injection, BALB/c mice showed alloknesis-like behavior. Mite infestation and IL-31 administration triggered itchy skin, increased LLS counts and DRG neuronal IL-31RA expression, and eventually caused dermatitis. The dermatitis severity and LLS counts induced by mite infestation and IL-31 administration were in the order NC/Nga > BALB/c > C57BL/6. In conclusion, neuronal IL-31RA expression in the DRG was the most important genetic factor affecting the severity of LLS and dermatitis in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iwao Arai
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-03-3433-1111
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Balaha MF, Ahmed NJ, Almalki ZS, Alahmari AK, Alshehri AM, Soliman GA, Hamad AM. Epimedin A ameliorates DNFB-induced allergic contact dermatitis in mice: Role of NF-κB/NLRP3-driven pyroptosis, Nrf2/HO-1 pathway, and inflammation modulation. Life Sci 2022; 302:120653. [PMID: 35598657 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 05/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The present study aimed to investigate the potential of epimedin A to ameliorate DNFB-induced allergic contact dermatitis (CD) and reveal its potential underlying mechanisms of action, emphasizing its role in modulating NF-κB/NLRP3, Nrf2/HO-1 pathways, and inflammation. MAIN METHODS Seven-week-old BALB/c mice received epimedin A orally for 11 days at doses of 5, 10, or 20 mg/kg/day, starting from the seventh day of DNFB-inducing CD. KEY FINDINGS Epimedin A dose-dependently ameliorated DNFB-induced CD, as revealed by the repression of the mice's scratching behavior, dermatitis score, ear thickness and weight, and ear tissue's histopathological changes, and area percent of collagen fibers induced by DNFB. These potentials were due to the NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway suppression and the Nrf2 pathway enhancement, as demonstrated by the reduction of NF-κB, NLRP3, ASC, caspase-1, and 8 mRNA expression, and NF-κBp65, IL-1β, MDA levels, and NF-κBp65 binding activity, along with the enhancement of the Nrf2, HO-1, IκB-α, GSH levels, SOD activity, and Nrf2 binding activity. Besides, it suppressed ear tissues' NLRP3 and caspase-8 induced pyroptosis by suppressing the ear tissues' caspase-1, 8, GSDMD upregulation, and LDH activity. Additionally, it repressed the local inflammatory reaction of ear tissue, as evidenced by the reduction of the elevated inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, Il-4, TNF-α, and IFN-γ), the serum level of t-IgE, DNFB s-IgE, s-IgE/t-IgE ratio, and the abrogation of the ear tissues histopathological changes. SIGNIFICANCE Epimedin A is a novel, hopeful, natural therapeutic agent for CD by modulating NF-κB/NLRP3, Nrf2 pathways, and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed F Balaha
- Clinical Pharmacy Department, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia; Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, El-Gish Street, Tanta 31527, Egypt.
| | - Nehad J Ahmed
- Clinical Pharmacy Department, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ziyad S Almalki
- Clinical Pharmacy Department, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah K Alahmari
- Clinical Pharmacy Department, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed M Alshehri
- Clinical Pharmacy Department, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gamal A Soliman
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abubaker M Hamad
- Basic Sciences Department, Preparatory Year Deanship, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia; Department of Histopathology and Cytopathology, Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences, University of Gezira, Wad Madani, Sudan
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Feng S, Liu W, Deng S, Song G, Zhou J, Zheng Z, Song Z. An Atopic Dermatitis-Like Mouse Model by Alternate Epicutaneous Application of Dinitrofluorobenzene and an Extract of Dermatophagoides Farinae. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:843230. [PMID: 35783608 PMCID: PMC9240730 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.843230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Several studies have tried to establish mice models of atopic dermatitis (AD) through the allergen of Dermatophagoides farinae (Df). However, there are no typical skin lesions after epicutaneous application of an extract of Df (DfE) on BALB/c mice. Dinitrofluorobenzene (DNFB) is a common hapten that brings about contact dermatitis. Skin dysfunction induced by DNFB may be a way to enhance the effects of DfE on mice skin. Thus, we hypothesized that alternate epicutaneous application of DNFB and DfE could induce AD-like skin lesions on BALB/c mice. To test this hypothesis, we alternately applied the DNFB and DfE to the back skin of BALB/c mice for 8 weeks. Changes in mice skin lesions and the frequency of scratching behavior were recorded. The variation of Th1-related cytokines (interferon-γ [IFN-γ] and interleukin two [IL-2]) and Th2-related cytokines (IL-4 and IL-13) was detected in serum and lesional skin. Eventually, the BALB/c mice developed severe erythema, erosion, scarring, and excoriation on the entire back, showing a high frequency of scratching behavior. In addition, Th2 cells' dominant cytokines appeared in both serum and lesional skin. Those results indicate that alternating epicutaneous exposure to DNFB and DfE can produce AD-like models with typical clinical features and Th2-type immune responses in BALB/c mice. This model could be valuable for studying the pathogenesis of AD and developing novel therapeutic agents for it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shujing Feng
- Department of Dermatology, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wengying Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Sisi Deng
- Department of Dermatology, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | | | - Jie Zhou
- Department of Dermatology, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhengni Zheng
- Department of Dermatology, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhiqiang Song
- Department of Dermatology, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
- *Correspondence: Zhiqiang Song
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5
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Mandlik DS, Mandlik SK, Patel SS. Sarsasapogenin and fluticasone combination improves DNFB induced atopic dermatitis lesions in BALB/c mice. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2021; 43:767-777. [PMID: 34581242 DOI: 10.1080/08923973.2021.1981375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a pruritic, chronic, relapsing inflammatory skin disease. The research aims to study the effects of Sarsasapogenin and its combination with Fluticasone in 2, 4-Dinitrofluorobenzene (DNFB) induced atopic dermatitis in BALB/c mice. MATERIAL AND METHODS Thirty male Balb/c mice were divided into 5 groups: (i) Normal control (NC), (ii) Disease control (DNFB), (iii) Sarsasapogenin (SG) (50 µg/mice), (iv) Fluticasone (FC) (50 µg/mice), (v) Sarsasapogenin + Fluticasone (SG + FC) combination (25 µg/mice). Dermatitis was induced by repeated application of DNFB in Balb/c mice. On topical application of SG, FC, and SG + FC combination on the ear and skin lesions, body weight, ear weight, ear thickness, erythema score, spleen weight, cytokines, immunoglobulin E (IgE) levels, nitric oxide (NO) level, hematological parameters, and oxidative stress markers were evaluated. Histological analysis of the ear tissue was also done. RESULTS The results stated that SG and SG + FC treatment to mice considerably decrease the ear weight, ear thickness, spleen weight, serum IgE, cytokines, NO levels, and restoration of antioxidant stress markers with elevation in the hematological parameters. The observations were further confirmed by histopathological analysis of ear tissue. CONCLUSION These data specify that SG has been demonstrated as a probable therapy for the treatment of allergic skin diseases in combination with FC by decreasing its dose from 50 to 25 µg/mice to avoid the chronic side effects of FC. Hence, it can be concluded that SG and SG + FC combination significantly improved the AD-like symptoms in the DNFB sensitized mice through mitigating the production of proinflammatory mediators and restoration of oxidative stress markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepa S Mandlik
- Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Poona College of Pharmacy, Pune, India
| | - Satish K Mandlik
- Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Poona College of Pharmacy, Pune, India
| | - Snehal S Patel
- Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, Ahmedabad, India
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6
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Nakano S, Abe Y, Nakajima K, Sano S, Yamamoto O, Wakamatsu K, Ito S, Hayashi M, Suzuki T. Establishment of a mouse model for post‐inflammatory hyperpigmentation. Pigment Cell Melanoma Res 2020; 34:101-110. [DOI: 10.1111/pcmr.12911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shoko Nakano
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine Yamagata University Yamagata Japan
| | - Yuko Abe
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine Yamagata University Yamagata Japan
| | - Kimiko Nakajima
- Department of Dermatology, Kochi Medical School Kochi University Nankoku Japan
| | - Shigetoshi Sano
- Department of Dermatology, Kochi Medical School Kochi University Nankoku Japan
| | - Osamu Yamamoto
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine of Sensory and Motor Organs, Faculty of Medicine Tottori University Yonago Japan
| | - Kazumasa Wakamatsu
- Department of Chemistry Fujita Health University School of Medical Sciences Toyoake Japan
| | - Shosuke Ito
- Department of Chemistry Fujita Health University School of Medical Sciences Toyoake Japan
| | - Masahiro Hayashi
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine Yamagata University Yamagata Japan
| | - Tamio Suzuki
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine Yamagata University Yamagata Japan
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7
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Jang JH, Park SH, Jang HJ, Lee SG, Park JH, Jeong JW, Park CS. A Case of Recurrent Urticaria Due to Formaldehyde Release from Root-Canal Disinfectant. Yonsei Med J 2017; 58:252-254. [PMID: 27873521 PMCID: PMC5122645 DOI: 10.3349/ymj.2017.58.1.252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2015] [Revised: 12/03/2015] [Accepted: 12/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Although formaldehyde is well known to cause type 4 hypersensitivity, immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated hypersensitivity to formaldehyde is rare. Here, we report a case of recurrent generalized urticaria after endodontic treatment using a para-formaldehyde (PFA)-containing root canal sealant and present a review of previous studies describing cases of immediate hypersensitivity reactions to formaldehyde. A 50-year-old man visited our allergy clinic for recurrent generalized urticaria several hours after endodontic treatment. Prick tests to latex, lidocaine, and formaldehyde showed negative reactions. However, swelling and redness at the prick site continued for several days. The level of formaldehyde-specific IgE was high (class 4). Thus, the patient was deemed to have experienced an IgE-mediated hypersensitivity reaction caused by the PFA used in the root canal disinfectant. Accordingly, we suggest that physicians should pay attention to type I hypersensitivity reactions to root canal disinfectants, even if the symptoms occur several hours after exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Hoon Jang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Inje University Haeundae Paik Hospital, Busan, Korea
| | - Seung Hyun Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Inje University Haeundae Paik Hospital, Busan, Korea
| | - Hang Jea Jang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Inje University Haeundae Paik Hospital, Busan, Korea
| | - Sung Geun Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Inje University Haeundae Paik Hospital, Busan, Korea
| | - Jin Han Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Inje University Haeundae Paik Hospital, Busan, Korea
| | - Jae Won Jeong
- Department of Internal Medicine, Inje University Ilsan Paik Hospital, Ilsan, Korea
| | - Chan Sun Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Inje University Haeundae Paik Hospital, Busan, Korea.
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8
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Kaneko R, Sato A, Hamada S, Yagi T, Ohsawa I, Ohtsuki M, Kobayashi E, Hirabayashi M, Murakami T. Transgenic rat model of childhood-onset dermatitis by overexpressing telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT). Transgenic Res 2016; 25:413-24. [PMID: 26885830 DOI: 10.1007/s11248-016-9939-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2015] [Accepted: 02/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Childhood-onset dermatitis is one of the most common skin disorders in children. Although various mouse models that mirror aspects of dermatitis have become available, there is still a need for an animal model that develops dermatitis in childhood and is more suitable for performing tissue transplantation experiments. There is emerging evidence that peripheral blood T lymphocytes from patients with dermatitis have significantly increased telomerase activity. Here, we developed telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT)-expressing transgenic (Tg) rats that spontaneously developed eczematous skin inflammation in childhood. Newborn TERT-Tg rats developed visible dermatitis in 56 % of cases, and the skin lesions microscopically showed spongiosis and acanthosis with infiltration of lymphocytes, eosinophils and mast cells. TERT-Tg rats with dermatitis exhibited increased CD4 (2.5-fold) and CD8 (fivefold) T cell numbers compared with dermatitis-free TERT-Tg rats. Stronger TERT activity was observed in the peripheral lymphocytes of dermatitis-positive TERT-Tg rats than those of dermatitis-free TERT-Tg rats. RT-PCR analysis revealed that IL-4 was markedly elevated in the spleen of dermatitis-positive TERT-Tg rats, and that interferon-gamma was increased in the dermatitis lesions. Moreover, skin grafting of TERT-Tg rats with dermatitis onto T cell-deficient nude rats demonstrated that the inflamed skin lesions could not be maintained. Taken together, the results suggest that TERT activation in T lymphocytes is one of the potential predisposing factors for dermatitis. Moreover, our results demonstrated that the TERT-Tg rats mirror aspects of human childhood-onset dermatitis and that these animals represent a potential animal model system for studying childhood-onset dermatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryosuke Kaneko
- Bioresource Center, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma, 371-8511, Japan.,KOKORO-Biology Group, Laboratories for Integrated Biology, Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University, 1-3 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Atsuko Sato
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, 329-0498, Japan.,Department of Dermatology, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, 329-0498, Japan
| | - Shun Hamada
- KOKORO-Biology Group, Laboratories for Integrated Biology, Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University, 1-3 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.,Department of Food and Health Sciences, Fukuoka Women's University, Higashi-Ku, Fukuoka, 813-8529, Japan
| | - Takeshi Yagi
- KOKORO-Biology Group, Laboratories for Integrated Biology, Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University, 1-3 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.,Japan Science and Technology Agency-Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology, CREST, Osaka University, 1-3 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Ichiro Ohsawa
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, 329-0498, Japan
| | - Mamitaro Ohtsuki
- Department of Dermatology, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, 329-0498, Japan
| | - Eiji Kobayashi
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, 329-0498, Japan.,Department of Organ Fabrication, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Masumi Hirabayashi
- Section of Mammalian Transgenesis, Center for Genetic Analysis of Behavior, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Okazaki, Aichi, 444-8787, Japan
| | - Takashi Murakami
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, 329-0498, Japan. .,Laboratory of Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Takasaki University of Health and Welfare, 60 Nakaorui, Takasaki, Gunma, 370-0033, Japan.
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9
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Ogino H, Sakazaki F, Okuno T, Arakawa T, Ueno H. Oxidized dietary oils enhance immediate- and/or delayed-type allergic reactions in BALB/c mice. Allergol Int 2015; 64:66-72. [PMID: 25605529 DOI: 10.1016/j.alit.2014.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2014] [Revised: 07/14/2014] [Accepted: 07/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The consumption of cooking oils may exacerbate some allergic diseases. In the present study, the effects of naturally oxidized olive oil on immediate- and/or delayed-type allergic reactions were investigated in BALB/c mice. METHODS Mouse models of 3 types of allergic reactions: contact hypersensitivity (CHS), active cutaneous anaphylaxis (ACA), and DNFB-induced hypersensitivity, were orally administered naturally oxidized olive oil that was obtained by keeping the oil at room temperature for more than 3 years. The effects of ultraviolet ray (UV)-irradiated olive oil and other dietary oils as well as their possible oxidation products on CHS were also investigated. RESULTS Naturally oxidized olive oil had a high peroxide value (POV) and exacerbated CHS, ACA, and DNFB-induced hypersensitivity in a POV-dependent manner. UV-irradiated olive oil, corn oil, sesame oil and triolein had high POVs, but almost the same acid value (AV) and thiobarbituric acid-reactive substance (TBARS) level as fresh oils. Fresh olive oil and the representative oxidation product with a high AV or TBARS level had no effect on CHS, whereas all UV-irradiated oils and naturally oxidized olive oil exacerbated it. CONCLUSIONS Oxidized dietary oils that have high POVs exacerbated immediate- and/or delayed-type allergic reactions regardless of the different oil constituents or oxidation processes.
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10
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Li G, Fan Y, Fan C, Li X, Wang X, Li M, Liu Y. Tacrolimus-loaded ethosomes: Physicochemical characterization and in vivo evaluation. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2012; 82:49-57. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2012.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2012] [Revised: 05/19/2012] [Accepted: 05/21/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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11
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Kim D, Park MC, Park BK, Kwon S, Choi JH, Kim HJ, Choi SY, Park J, Lee Y, Kwon HJ. Differential expression of cell surface markers in response to 2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene in RAW 264.7 and primary immune cells. BMB Rep 2012; 45:538-43. [PMID: 23010176 DOI: 10.5483/bmbrep.2012.45.9.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2023] Open
Abstract
We evaluated the expression of the costimulatory molecules CD80 and CD83 and major histocompatibility (MHC) class II induced by 2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene (DNFB) in the RAW 264.7 macrophage cell line. In contrast to the previously reported effect of DNFB on dendritic cells, CD86 expression did not change. Furthermore, we observed that the CD83 expression level transiently increased and then decreased. Induction of CD80 and MHC class II molecule expression and a decrease in CD83 expression by DNFB in vitro were also confirmed in splenocytes of BALB/c and NC/Nga mice. However, DNFB did not influence CD83 expression in peritoneal CD11b(+) cells from BALB/c or NC/Nga mice. Detailed in vivo experiments and further studies on the possible contribution of CD11b(+) cells to induce atopic dermatitis (AD) would be helpful to attain a better understanding of AD pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongbum Kim
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon 200-702, Korea
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12
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The cannabinoid receptor-2 is involved in allergic inflammation. Life Sci 2012; 90:862-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2012.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2011] [Revised: 02/21/2012] [Accepted: 04/03/2012] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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13
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Beriat GK, Akmansu SH, Doğan C, Taştan E, Topal F, Sabuncuoğlu B. Is pimecrolimus cream (1%) an appropriate therapeutic agent for the treatment of external ear atopic dermatitis? Med Sci Monit 2012; 18:BR135-43. [PMID: 22460087 PMCID: PMC3560827 DOI: 10.12659/msm.882615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In recent years, pimecrolimus 1% cream has been demonstrated to reduce symptoms of atopic dermatitis in patients when applied topically. Material/Methods In our study we compared the therapeutic effects of local 1% pimecrolimus to 1% hydrocortisone, and to a control group in a mouse model with atopic dermatitis in the external ear canals. Atopic dermatitis was created by application of Dinitrochlorobenzene in the external ear canals of mice. The development of atopic dermatitis was detected by clinical observation score and determination of total serum IgE levels. Pimecrolimus and hydrocortisone cream were topically applied to the external ear canal skin once a day for 14 days. Results There was no significant difference between the hydrocortisone and the pimecrolimus therapy groups, while there was a statistically significant difference between these 2 groups and the control group (p<0.05) Assessment of the clinical observation scoring carried out on the 14th day of therapy revealed that there was no difference between the hydrocortisone and pimecrolimus groups. Biopsies were taken on the 14th day following treatment. Tissue samples were histologically evaluated; contact dermatitis was observed microscopically in the control group, but in the therapy groups only minimal evidence of contact dermatitis was found. Conclusions The results of our study reveal that the therapeutic efficacy of 1% pimecrolimus was equivalent to 1% hydrocortisone treatment in the artificially developed atopic dermatitis model in external ear canals of mice. These results clearly demonstrate that 1% pimecrolimus cream can be an effective alternative therapeutic agent in cases where steroid treatment proves to be insufficient or in cases where treatment must be discontinued due to its adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Güçlü Kaan Beriat
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Ufuk University Medical School, and ENT Department, Ankara Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
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Yamaura K, Akiyama S, Oda M, Suwa E, Ueno K. Acetaminophen enhances pruritus in a mouse model of contact dermatitis induced by suboptimal concentration of hapten. J Toxicol Sci 2012; 36:669-74. [PMID: 22008542 DOI: 10.2131/jts.36.669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Acetaminophen (APAP) is one of the most commonly used drugs worldwide to reduce fever, particularly in children. It is generally considered to be a safe drug. However, a number of studies have shown that regular use of APAP increases the risk of developing allergic diseases. Nonetheless, no animal models have been used to investigate these findings. Therefore, we aimed to create an animal model of APAP-induced pruritus in mice. APAP (0.25% and 0.5%) was administered via drinking water daily from infancy, and a suboptimal concentration of 2,4,6-trinitrochlorobenzene (TNCB) was applied repeatedly to each ear three times a week for 7 weeks to evoke chronic allergic contact dermatitis. Neither 0.25% nor 0.5% APAP was overtly hepatotoxic after 73 days of daily administration. Repeated challenge with TNCB evoked increase in the number of scratching bouts compared to day 1. This increase in the number of scratching bouts was significant in 0.25% and 0.5% APAP groups but not in the group treated with TNCB alone. Daily administration of 0.5% APAP significantly increased in the number of scratching bouts compared to TNCB alone on day 29. This animal model will be useful for investigating the mechanism underlying the increased risk of development of eczema caused by regular APAP use and for examining safer and more effective therapy with APAP.
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Inhibitory Effect of Nelumbo nucifera (Gaertn.) on the Development of Atopic Dermatitis-Like Skin Lesions in NC/Nga Mice. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2012; 2012:153568. [PMID: 22454654 PMCID: PMC3291163 DOI: 10.1155/2012/153568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2011] [Revised: 11/08/2011] [Accepted: 11/15/2011] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease which has a complex etiology that encompasses immunologic responses. The study was carried out to examine the effect of Nelumbo nucifera (Gaertn.) leaf (NL) on the AD-like skin lesion induced by repeated epicutaneous application of 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) on the dorsal skin of NC/Nga mice. Three different doses of NL (5, 25, and 50 mg/mice/day) were administered orally from the day of sensitization with DNCB for 4 weeks. The efficacy of NL was judged by histopathological examination, blood IgE level, measurement of transepidermal water loss (TEWL), scratching behavior, and skin severity score. NL resulted in the suppression of clinical severity score, TEWL, scratching behavior, and blood IgE level. Histopathologic analyses revealed that thickening of the epidermis and mast cell degranulation was significantly reduced in NL group. These results suggest that NL may be a useful natural resource for the management of AD.
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Tung D, Cheung PH, Ciallella J, Saha S. Novel anti-inflammatory effects of repaglinide in rodent models of inflammation. Pharmacology 2011; 88:295-301. [PMID: 22086064 DOI: 10.1159/000333793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2011] [Accepted: 09/26/2011] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Repaglinide is an FDA-approved treatment for type 2 diabetes mellitus. The anti-inflammatory effect of repaglinide in the absence of diabetes has not been reported previously. It is the objective of this set of studies to investigate the potential anti-inflammatory effects of repaglinide. METHOD The in vivo anti-inflammatory effects of repaglinide were studied in two different models of delay type hyperreactivity (DTH) response induced by sheep red blood cells (sRBC) and 2,5'-dinitrofluorobenzene (DNFB), and in two different rodent models of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge. RESULTS In mice systemically sensitized with sRBC, which subsequently received a local injection of sRBC in the footpad, local swelling occurred within 24 h after challenge. Repaglinide was efficacious in attenuating this response. In an orthogonal DTH model using DNFB as the antigen, the animals received topical sensitization with DNFB on their shaved backs, followed by topical challenge on the left ears. Repaglinide efficaciously downregulated the resulting ear swelling response. In mice challenged systemically or intratracheally with LPS, repaglinide significantly decreased serum tumor necrosis factor α level and bronchial alveolar lavage fluid MCP-1 levels, respectively. CONCLUSION This set of data suggests novel anti-inflammatory effects of repaglinide in nondiabetic animals. However, the high dose required for an efficacious effect would make this application impractical in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Tung
- BioMed Valley Discoveries, Kansas City, Mo. 64111, USA.
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Sung YY, Yoon T, Jang JY, Park SJ, Kim HK. Topical application of Rehmannia glutinosa extract inhibits mite allergen-induced atopic dermatitis in NC/Nga mice. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2011; 134:37-44. [PMID: 21129471 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2010.11.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2010] [Revised: 11/11/2010] [Accepted: 11/19/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
AIM OF THE STUDY Rehmannia glutinosa is known in Asia as a traditional herbal medicine with anti-inflammatory properties. Atopic dermatitis (AD) is an inflammatory skin disease associated with enhanced T-helper 2 (Th2) lymphocyte responses to allergens that results in elevated serum IgE levels and leukocyte infiltration. Although some studies have shown that Rehmannia glutinosa extract (RGE) has anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic activities, these properties have not been demonstrated in AD. This study investigated the effectiveness of RGE as a therapeutic candidate in an AD model as well as its underlying mechanism of action. MATERIALS AND METHODS The effects of RGE on mite allergen (Dermatophagoides farinae)-treated NC/Nga mice were evaluated by skin symptom severity, ear thickness, production of serum IgE and histamine, and expression of cytokines, chemokines, and adhesion molecules in the ear lesions. In addition, the levels of thymus and activation-regulated chemokine (TARC), macrophage-derived chemokine (MDC), and regulated on activation, normal T cell expressed and secreted (RANTES) produced in both TNF-α- and IFN-γ-stimulated human keratinocytes were investigated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RESULTS RGE treatment of NC/Nga mice significantly reduced dermatitis scores, ear thicknesses, and serum histamine levels. Histological analyses demonstrated decreased thickening of the epidermis/dermis as well as dermal infiltration by inflammatory cells. In the ear lesions, mRNA expression levels of IL-4, TNF-α, VCAM-1, and ICAM-1 were inhibited by RGE treatment. RGE also suppressed the production of TARC, MDC, and RANTES in both the ear lesions and keratinocytes. CONCLUSIONS RGE inhibits the development of AD in NC/Nga mice by suppressing the expression of cytokines, chemokines, and adhesion molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoon-Young Sung
- Center of Herbal Resources Research, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon 305-811, Republic of Korea
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Rothe H, Sarlo K, Scheffler H, Goebel C. The hair dyes PPD and PTD fail to induce a TH2 immune response following repeated topical application in BALB/c mice. J Immunotoxicol 2011; 8:46-55. [DOI: 10.3109/1547691x.2010.543096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Yamaura K, Doi R, Suwa E, Ueno K. A novel animal model of pruritus induced by successive application of glucocorticoid to mouse skin. J Toxicol Sci 2011; 36:395-401. [DOI: 10.2131/jts.36.395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Katsunori Yamaura
- Department of Geriatric Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University
| | - Ryosuke Doi
- Department of Geriatric Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University
| | - Eriko Suwa
- Department of Geriatric Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University
| | - Koichi Ueno
- Department of Geriatric Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University
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Kim CY, Back YD, Chang JH, Lee HS, Park KW, Choi SH, Chung IK, Cheon WH, Ku SK. Effects of Magnetic Infrared Laser on Dinitrofluorobenzene-induced Contact Dermatitis in Mice. J Phys Ther Sci 2011. [DOI: 10.1589/jpts.23.413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Young-Doo Back
- Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Science, Oriental Hospital of Daegu Haany University
| | - Jeong Hyun Chang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, College of Health and Therapy, Daegu Haany University
| | - Hyeung-Sik Lee
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, College of Health and Therapy, Daegu Haany University
| | - Kyung-Won Park
- Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, Dong-A University
| | - Seong-Hun Choi
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, College of Oriental Medicine, Daegu Haany University
| | - In-Kwon Chung
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Oriental Medicine, Daegu Haany University
| | - Woo-Hyun Cheon
- Department of Neurology, College of Oriental Medicine, Daegu Haany University
| | - Sae-Kwang Ku
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, College of Oriental Medicine, Daegu Haany University
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Tung D, Cheung PH, Kaur P, Foreman O, Kavirayani A, Hain HS, Saha S. Anti-Inflammatory and Immunomodulatory Effects of Bortezomib in Various in vivo Models. Pharmacology 2011; 88:100-13. [DOI: 10.1159/000330067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2011] [Accepted: 05/19/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Sonoyama K, Miki A, Sugita R, Goto H, Nakata M, Yamaguchi N. Gut colonization by Candida albicans aggravates inflammation in the gut and extra-gut tissues in mice. Med Mycol 2010; 49:237-47. [PMID: 20807027 DOI: 10.3109/13693786.2010.511284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
We examined whether Candida albicans gut colonization aggravates immune diseases in mice. Chronic and latent C. albicans gut colonization was established by the intragastric inoculation of C. albicans in mice fed as part of a purified diet. Allergic diarrhea was induced by repetitive intragastric administration of ovalbumin in sensitized BALB/c mice. Contact hypersensitivity was evaluated by measuring ear swelling after topical application of 2, 4-dinitrofluorobenzene in NC/Nga mice. Arthritis was induced by intradermal injection of bovine type-II collagen emulsified with complete Freund's adjuvant in DBA/1J mice. C. albicans gut colonization increased the incidence of allergic diarrhea, which was accompanied by gut hyperpermeability, as well as increased infiltration of inflammatory cells in the colon. Contact hypersensitivity was also exacerbated by C. albicans gut colonization, as demonstrated by increased swelling, myeloperoxidase activity, and proinflammatory cytokines in ear auricles. Furthermore, C. albicans gut colonization promoted limb joint inflammation in collagen-induced arthritis, in an animal model of rheumatoid arthritis. These findings suggest that C. albicans gut colonization in mice aggravates inflammation in allergic and autoimmune diseases, not only in the gut but also in the extra-gut tissues and underscores the necessity of investigating the pathogenic role of C. albicans gut colonization in immune diseases in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kei Sonoyama
- Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan.
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Yamashita H, Ito T, Kato H, Asai S, Tanaka H, Nagai H, Inagaki N. Comparison of the efficacy of tacrolimus and cyclosporine A in a murine model of dinitrofluorobenzene-induced atopic dermatitis. Eur J Pharmacol 2010; 645:171-6. [PMID: 20674565 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2010.07.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2009] [Revised: 06/04/2010] [Accepted: 07/15/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Tacrolimus (FK506) and cyclosporine A (Cys A) are immunosuppressive drugs used in the treatment of inflammatory diseases and for preventing rejection of allogeneic transplants. Tacrolimus forms a complex with FK506 binding protein (FKBP), and Cys A forms a complex with cyclophilin. These tacrolimus-FKBP and Cys A-cyclophilin complexes interact with calcineurin (CaN), thereby suppressing activation of T cells. In contrast, steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs suppress the immune system mainly via inhibition of nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-kappaB) and the activating protein-1 (AP-1) pathway. Previously, we reported that tacrolimus, but not dexamethasone, reduced scratching behavior in a murine model of atopic dermatitis. To elucidate the mechanism involved in the inhibition of scratching behavior, we used a mouse model of allergic dermatitis to compare the characteristics of tacrolimus and Cys A treatment. We found that Cys A suppressed scratching behavior induced by application of 2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene, as did tacrolimus. In addition, both drugs attenuated increases in vascular permeability and scratching behavior induced by passive cutaneous anaphylaxis. These results indicate that inhibition of the CaN pathway plays an important role in tacrolimus- and Cys A-induced inhibition of scratching behavior in mice. Furthermore, we observed that CaN inhibitors suppressed mast cell-dependent allergic reaction.
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Lee HS, Lee BC, Ku SK. Effect of DHU001, a Polyherbal Formula, on Dinitrofluorobenzene-induced Contact Dermatitis (Type I allergy). Toxicol Res 2010; 26:123-30. [PMID: 24278515 PMCID: PMC3834469 DOI: 10.5487/tr.2010.26.2.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2010] [Revised: 05/07/2010] [Accepted: 05/10/2010] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The effect of DHU001, a mixed herbal formula consisted of 7 types aqueous extracts for various respiratory disorders were evaluated on 2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene (DNFB) -induced contact dermatitis, type I allergic model. Contact dermatitis was induced by sensitization with dinitrophenyl-derivatized ovalbumin (DNP-OVA) and DNFB challenge as antigen. Two different dosages of DHU001 (300 and 150 mg/kg) were orally administered to DNP-OVA sensitization mice once a day for 7 days with reference material, dexamethasone (15 mg/kg, intraperitoneal treatment) . End of 7 days oral administration of DHU001 extracts or intraperitoneal treatment of dexamethasone, the changes on the edematous changes and scratching behavior were measured. Immediate after DNFB challenge on ear or paw of DNP-OVA sensitized mice, increases of ear and paw thicknesses and weights were detected with anterior ear skin (dermis to epidermis) thickness and paw scratching behavior increases. However, these contact dermatitis signs induced by DNFB treatment were reduced by treatment of the both different dosages of DHU001 and dexamethasone, respectively. The results obtained in this study suggest that oral treatment of DHU001 extracts also has relatively favorable effects on contact dermatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeung-Sik Lee
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, College of Health and Therapy, Daegu Haany University, Gyeongsan 712-715, Korea
| | - Byung-Chang Lee
- Development Anatomy and Histology, College of Oriental Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Gyeongsan 712-715, Korea
| | - Sae-Kwang Ku
- Development Anatomy and Histology, College of Oriental Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Gyeongsan 712-715, Korea
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FUJIWARA R, SASAJIMA N, TAKEMURA N, OZAWA K, NAGASAKA Y, OKUBO T, SAHASAKUL Y, WATANABE J, SONOYAMA K. 2,4-Dinitrofluorobenzene-Induced Contact Hypersensitivity Response in NC/Nga Mice Fed Fructo-Oligosaccharide. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo) 2010; 56:260-5. [DOI: 10.3177/jnsv.56.260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Role of intestinal Bifidobacterium pseudolongum in dietary fructo-oligosaccharide inhibition of 2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene-induced contact hypersensitivity in mice. Br J Nutr 2009; 103:539-48. [PMID: 20003567 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114509992145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Strategies to manipulate the gut microbiota have been explored for preventing allergy development. We previously showed that dietary supplementation with fructo-oligosaccharide (FOS) reduced 2, 4-dinitrofluorobenzene (DNFB)-induced contact hypersensitivity (CHS) in BALB/c mice. Because the CHS response was negatively correlated with the number of faecal bifidobacteria, particularly Bifidobacterium pseudolongum, the present study aimed to examine whether oral administration of B. pseudolongum affects CHS response. Viable B. pseudolongum was successfully isolated from mouse faeces. Female BALB/c mice were fed a synthetic diet with or without FOS supplementation, and B. pseudolongum (2 x 10(7) cells) was administered daily throughout the experimental period. Two weeks after starting the test diets, mice received DNFB on the ear auricle twice at 7-d intervals. Conventional cultivation and molecular biological analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that administration of FOS and B. pseudolongum resulted in higher excretion of viable bifidobacteria, mainly B. pseudolongum. Although dietary FOS reduced the CHS response as demonstrated by ear swelling, B. pseudolongum administration resulted in a reduction in the initial phase only of the CHS response. B. pseudolongum administration increased hapten-specific IgG1, while dietary FOS decreased IgG2a in sera. Administration of FOS and B. pseudolongum decreased interferon-gamma production and increased IL-10 production in cervical lymph node cells restimulated with hapten in vitro. We conclude that B. pseudolongum proliferation in the intestinal tract is partially responsible for the reduction in DNFB-induced CHS response by dietary supplementation with FOS in mice, which may be mediated by the modulation of antigen-induced cytokine production.
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Kawakami T, Ando T, Kimura M, Wilson BS, Kawakami Y. Mast cells in atopic dermatitis. Curr Opin Immunol 2009; 21:666-78. [PMID: 19828304 DOI: 10.1016/j.coi.2009.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 256] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2009] [Accepted: 09/01/2009] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Mast cells play as the major effector cells in immediate hypersensitivity through activation via the high-affinity IgE receptor, Fc epsilon RI, although many other functions have recently been discovered for this cell type. Given the broad array of proinflammatory mediators secreted from Fc epsilon RI-activated mast cells, as well as sensitization to allergens, IgE elevation, and increased mast cells in a majority of atopic dermatitis patients, mast cells are believed to be involved in the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis. Numerous animal models have been used to study this epidemic disease. Here we review the recent progress to synthesize our current understanding of this disease and potential mechanisms for a mast cell's role in the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshiaki Kawakami
- Division of Cell Biology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
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Depletion of substance P, a mechanism for inhibition of mouse scratching behavior by tacrolimus. Eur J Pharmacol 2009; 626:283-9. [PMID: 19818345 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2009.09.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2008] [Revised: 09/10/2009] [Accepted: 09/10/2009] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Itching is the most important problem in atopic dermatitis and tacrolimus has been suggested to attenuate the itching by topical application. However, the anti-itch mechanism of tacrolimus has not been well elucidated. In the present study, an allergic dermatitis accompanied by frequent scratching behaviors was induced by repeated paintings with 2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene (DNFB) acetone solution onto the mouse ear and the effects of tacrolimus and dexamethasone on the dermatitis and associated scratching behavior were comparatively examined. Repeated DNFB paintings caused a typical dermatitis accompanied by elevated serum immunoglobulin E (IgE) and frequent scratching behaviors. Both tacrolimus and dexamethasone given topically for 10 days before the final challenge significantly inhibited the ear swelling and reduced the expression of interferon-gamma mRNA. Dexamethasone inhibited the accumulation of eosinophils completely, although tacrolimus did not. Both drugs did not affect the elevation of serum IgE levels. Tacrolimus significantly inhibited the scratching behavior, whereas dexamethasone failed to affect it. Repeated DNFB challenge depleted substance P in the dermis. Treatment with tacrolimus before the final challenge completely inhibited the recovery of substance P content, whereas dexamethasone facilitated the recovery. DNFB-induced ear swelling and scratching behavior were significantly inhibited by FK888, a tachykinin NK(1) receptor antagonist. Therefore, substance P seems to participate in the induction of ear swelling and scratching behavior upon final challenge with DNFB, and depletion of substance P by tacrolimus in the dermis contributes to its inhibition of ear swelling and scratching behavior at least in part.
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Inagaki N, Nagai H. Analysis of the mechanism for the development of allergic skin inflammation and the application for its treatment:mouse models for the development of remedies for human allergic dermatitis. J Pharmacol Sci 2009; 110:251-9. [PMID: 19609062 DOI: 10.1254/jphs.09r01fm] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Animal models for human diseases are important for the elucidation of mechanisms involved in as well as for the establishment of effective treatment strategies for the diseases. Many mouse allergic dermatitis models have been established and applied for the development of remedies for human allergic dermatitis. One of the simplest allergic cutaneous reaction models is passive cutaneous anaphylaxis. Skin mast cells passively sensitized with antigen-specific IgE are activated upon antigen challenge to cause vascular permeability increase. The triphasic cutaneous reaction is another interesting model in which triphasic cutaneous swelling appears in mice passively sensitized with IgE upon challenge with specific antigen. Recently, many allergic dermatitis models have been established by repeated antigen exposure. Although the induced dermatitis seems to be complex, these models may possess the characteristic features observed in patients. Naturally occurring dermatitis model mice such as NC/Nga, NOA, and DS-Nh mice, and gene-knockout and transgenic mice exhibiting spontaneous dermatitis are also known. Establishment and characterization of the mouse dermatitis models seem to be important for understanding dermatitis and development of new strategies for the treatment of these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Inagaki
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Department of Bioactive Molecules, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Japan.
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The role of IgE and repeated challenge in the induction of persistent increases in scratching behavior in a mouse model of allergic dermatitis. Eur J Pharmacol 2009; 605:153-7. [PMID: 19248227 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2009.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Previously, we indicated that athymic BALB/c-nu/nu (nude) mice that had been repeatedly treated with 2,4,6-trinitrochlorobenzene (TNCB) failed to exhibit chronic scratching behavior in spite of the accumulation of dermal mast cells in the lesion. The mice also failed to produce specific IgE or potent dermatitis. In the present study, therefore, we aimed to examine the role of IgE and repeated hapten treatment in the induction of scratching behavior and dermatitis using nude mice and trinitrophenol (TNP)-specific IgE-transgenic mice. The ears of nude mice were treated with TNCB 6 times at intervals of 48 h, and TNP-specific IgE was administered to the mice intravenously before the sixth TNCB treatment. The nude mice that had been supplemented with IgE exhibited a persistent increase in scratching behavior and continuous degranulation of mast cells. Furthermore, a potent immediate ear swelling was induced, although no biphasic dermatitis pattern was observed. On the other hand, the IgE-transgenic mice failed to exhibit persistent increases in scratching behavior after a single TNCB treatment, although biphasic ear swelling was observed. These results indicate that specific IgE plays an essential role in the induction of persistent increases in scratching behavior and continuous degranulation of mast cells. Furthermore, repeated challenge with the hapten also plays an important role in persistent increases in scratching behavior through accumulation and continuous activation of mast cells.
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WATANABE T, HAMADA K, TATEGAKI A, KISHIDA H, TANAKA H, KITANO M, MIYAMOTO T. Oral Administration of Lactic Acid Bacteria Isolated from Traditional South Asian Fermented Milk `Dahi' Inhibits the Development of Atopic Dermatitis in NC/Nga Mice. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo) 2009; 55:271-8. [DOI: 10.3177/jnsv.55.271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Inagaki N, Gao XK, Tanaka H, Nagai H. [Regulation of allergic responses by Kampo medicines]. Nihon Yakurigaku Zasshi 2008; 131:240-243. [PMID: 18408332 DOI: 10.1254/fpj.131.240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
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Cope RB, Fabacher DL, Lieske C, Miller CA. Resistance of a Lizard (the Green Anole, Anolis carolinensis; Polychridae) to Ultraviolet Radiation-induced Immunosuppression¶. Photochem Photobiol 2007. [DOI: 10.1562/0031-8655(2001)0740046roaltg2.0.co2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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34
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van Houwelingen AH, Kaczynska K, Kraneveld AD, Kool M, Nijkamp FP, Redegeld FA. Topical application of F991, an immunoglobulin free light chain antagonist, prevents development of contact sensitivity in mice. Clin Exp Allergy 2007; 37:270-5. [PMID: 17250700 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2222.2007.02655.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exposure to reactive chemicals or environmental allergens can lead to hypersensitivity reactions in the skin of predisposed people. Most of these reactions are of atopic origin, but a subgroup of patients exhibits skin hypersensitivity reactions without features of atopy. OBJECTIVE This study was undertaken to examine the effect of inhibiting the action of Ig-free light chains in a murine model for non-atopic skin hypersensitivity by dermal application of the free light chain antagonist F991. METHODS To study the efficacy of F991, BALB/c mice were either passively immunized with trinitrophenyl (TNP)-specific immunoglobulin light chains (IgLC) and challenged with the hapten picryl chloride (PCl) or actively skin-sensitized and challenged with dinitrofluorobenzene (DNFB). The effect of F991 or control treatment was investigated by measuring local edema formation and the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. RESULTS Passive immunization with TNP-specific IgLC resulted in an increase in ear swelling 2 h after PCl challenge. F991 inhibited this enhanced ear swelling in a dose-dependent manner when applied 4 h before the sensitization with IgLC. F991 also inhibited DNFB-induced contact hypersensitivity reaction in the mouse skin 2 and 24 h after challenge when applied before challenge. Besides the prophylactic action, F991 when applied 2 h after DNFB-challenge, it was also able to attenuate symptoms of the DNFB-induced hypersensitivity reaction at 24 h after challenge. We showed that the beneficial effects of F991 are restricted to the side of application. CONCLUSION F991 is able to effectively alleviate symptoms of contact sensitivity in mice. Our study suggests that local interference with IgLC-induced allergic symptoms may be attractive in the treatment of hypersensitivity responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- A H van Houwelingen
- Department of Pharmacology and Pathophysiology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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35
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Ueda Y, Miyagawa N, Wakitani K. Involvement of cannabinoid CB2 receptors in the IgE-mediated triphasic cutaneous reaction in mice. Life Sci 2006; 80:414-9. [PMID: 17055000 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2006.09.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2006] [Revised: 09/20/2006] [Accepted: 09/22/2006] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Involvement of cannabinoid CB2 receptors in the IgE-mediated cutaneous reaction was investigated. Epicutaneous challenge with 2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene caused a triphasic swelling in the ear of BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice passively sensitized with anti-dinitrophenol IgE. Peak responses of the ear swelling appeared at 1 h, 24 h, and 8 days after the challenge in both strains of mice. In contrast, cannabinoid CB2 receptor-deficient mice failed to exhibit the obvious triphasic ear swelling observed in wild-type mice. Oral administration of cannabinoid CB2 receptor antagonist/inverse agonists [N-(benzo[1,3]dioxol-5-ylmethyl)-7-methoxy-2-oxo-8-pentyloxy-1,2-dihydroquinoline-3-carboxamide] (JTE-907) and {N-[(1S)-endo-1,3,3-trimethylbicyclo[2,2,1]heptan-2yl]5-(4-chloro-3-methyl-phenyl)-1-(4-methylbenzyl)pyrazole-3-carboxamide} (SR144528) at doses of 0.1-10 mg/kg significantly and dose-dependently suppressed all three phases of ear swelling in BALB/c mice. Interestingly, epicutaneous treatment with an ether-linked analogue of endogenous cannabinoids, 2-arachidonoylglycerol, caused an ear swelling that could be detected at 1 h, 24 h, and 8 days after treatment of both BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice. These results suggest that cannabinoid CB2 receptors are involved in induction of the triphasic cutaneous reaction mediated by IgE, and that cannabinoid CB2 receptor antagonist/inverse agonists may serve as anti-allergic agents in the treatment of allergic dermatitis.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/immunology
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/pharmacology
- Camphanes/pharmacology
- Dermatitis, Atopic/immunology
- Dermatitis, Atopic/metabolism
- Dinitrofluorobenzene/immunology
- Dinitrofluorobenzene/pharmacology
- Dioxoles/pharmacology
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Female
- Immunoglobulin E/immunology
- Ligands
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Pyrazoles/pharmacology
- Quinolones/pharmacology
- Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB2/genetics
- Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB2/metabolism
- Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB2/physiology
- Skin/drug effects
- Skin/immunology
- Skin/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshifumi Ueda
- Japan Tobacco Inc., Central Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Takatsuki, Osaka, 569-1125, Japan.
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36
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Tsunemi Y, Saeki H, Nakamura K, Nagakubo D, Nakayama T, Yoshie O, Kagami S, Shimazu K, Kadono T, Sugaya M, Komine M, Matsushima K, Tamaki K. CCL17 transgenic mice show an enhanced Th2-type response to both allergic and non-allergic stimuli. Eur J Immunol 2006; 36:2116-27. [PMID: 16856206 DOI: 10.1002/eji.200535564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
CC chemokine ligand (CCL)17 is implicated in the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis (AD). To study the effect of CCL17 produced by keratinocytes (KC) during inflammation, we created transgenic (Tg) mice in which CCL17 is overexpressed in KC. Th2-type contact hypersensitivity (CHS) was enhanced and Th1-type CHS was suppressed in these mice. Increased numbers of CC chemokine receptor (CCR)4(+) cells and mast cells infiltrated in Tg mice. Levels of IL-4 mRNA were higher and those of IFN-gamma mRNA were lower in both acute and chronic CHS. Higher levels of serum IgE were observed after CHS. Numbers of CCR4(+) cells among PBMC were increased in Tg mice challenged acutely on the trunk. Chronic irritation with croton oil induced dermatitis and an elevation of serum IgE levels. Tg mice showed enhanced ear swelling after tape stripping. CCL17 was thought to modify the inflammation caused by sensitizing reagents as well as irritant reagents by attracting CCR4(+) cells into the lesional skin and creating a Th2-dominant condition. AD-like conditions such as increased number of mast cells and elevated levels of serum IgE were observed. Thus, CCL17 may participate in the pathogenesis of skin diseases such as AD by regulating both allergic and irritant inflammation.
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MESH Headings
- Acute Disease
- Animals
- Cells, Cultured
- Chemokine CCL17
- Chemokines, CC/genetics
- Chemokines, CC/metabolism
- Chronic Disease
- Croton Oil/pharmacology
- Dermatitis, Contact/genetics
- Dermatitis, Contact/immunology
- Dermatitis, Contact/metabolism
- Dermatitis, Contact/pathology
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation
- Hypersensitivity/genetics
- Hypersensitivity/immunology
- Hypersensitivity/metabolism
- Hypersensitivity/pathology
- Interferon-gamma/genetics
- Interleukin-4/genetics
- Keratinocytes/metabolism
- Lymphocyte Count
- Lymphocytes/cytology
- Lymphocytes/drug effects
- Lymphocytes/metabolism
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Transgenic
- Oxazoles/pharmacology
- RNA, Messenger
- Receptors, CCR4
- Receptors, Chemokine
- Th2 Cells/immunology
- Th2 Cells/metabolism
- Transcription Factors/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuichiro Tsunemi
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
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37
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Inagaki N, Shiraishi N, Igeta K, Itoh T, Chikumoto T, Nagao M, Kim JF, Nagai H. Inhibition of scratching behavior associated with allergic dermatitis in mice by tacrolimus, but not by dexamethasone. Eur J Pharmacol 2006; 546:189-96. [PMID: 16914137 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2006.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2006] [Revised: 07/02/2006] [Accepted: 07/13/2006] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Itching is the most important problem in many allergic and inflammatory skin diseases especially in atopic dermatitis. However, animal models for allergic dermatitis useful for the study of itching have rarely been established. We established a mouse allergic dermatitis model involving frequent scratching behavior by repeated painting with 2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene (DNFB) acetone solution onto the mouse skin, and comparatively examined the effects of tacrolimus and dexamethasone on the dermatitis and associated scratching behavior. Repeated DNFB painting caused typical dermatitis accompanied by elevated serum immunoglobulin E (IgE) and frequent scratching behavior. An apparent thickening of the epidermis and dermis, and the significant accumulation of inflammatory cells were observed. Increased interferon (IFN)-gamma mRNA expression and the induction of interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-5 mRNA expression were also observed in the skin lesion. The scratching behavior was inhibited by dibucaine and naloxone. Although tacrolimus reduced the increased expression of IFN-gamma and IL-4 mRNA, dexamethasone potently depressed that of IFN-gamma, IL-4 and IL-5 mRNA. Dexamethasone inhibited the accumulation of lymphocytes and eosinophils, although tacrolimus did not. Both drugs failed to inhibit the elevation of serum IgE levels. Tacrolimus significantly inhibited the scratching behavior that was associated with the inhibition of nerve fiber extension into the epidermis, whereas dexamethasone failed to have any effect. The mouse dermatitis model seems to be beneficial for the study of itching associated with allergic dermatitis, such as atopic dermatitis, and tacrolimus seems to exhibit an anti-itch effect through the inhibition of nerve fiber extension at least in part.
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MESH Headings
- Allergens/immunology
- Anesthetics, Local/pharmacology
- Animals
- Antipruritics/pharmacology
- Antipruritics/therapeutic use
- Behavior, Animal/drug effects
- Dermatitis, Allergic Contact/drug therapy
- Dermatitis, Allergic Contact/immunology
- Dermatitis, Allergic Contact/pathology
- Dermatitis, Atopic/drug therapy
- Dermatitis, Atopic/immunology
- Dermatitis, Atopic/pathology
- Dexamethasone/pharmacology
- Dibucaine/pharmacology
- Dinitrofluorobenzene/immunology
- Disease Models, Animal
- Glucocorticoids/pharmacology
- Immunoglobulin E/blood
- Interferon-gamma/biosynthesis
- Interleukin-4/biosynthesis
- Interleukin-5/metabolism
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Naloxone/pharmacology
- Narcotic Antagonists/pharmacology
- Pruritus/prevention & control
- RNA, Messenger/biosynthesis
- Skin/drug effects
- Skin/immunology
- Skin/pathology
- Tacrolimus/pharmacology
- Tacrolimus/therapeutic use
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Inagaki
- Department of Pharmacology, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 5-6-1 Mitahorahigashi, Gifu 502-8585, Japan.
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38
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Katagiri K, Arakawa S, Hatano Y, Fujiwara S. Fexofenadine, an H1-receptor antagonist, partially but rapidly inhibits the itch of contact dermatitis induced by diphenylcyclopropenone in patients with alopecia areata. J Dermatol 2006; 33:75-9. [PMID: 16556272 DOI: 10.1111/j.1346-8138.2006.00017.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Antihistamines have been used for the treatment of not only allergic diseases such as allergic urticaria and rhinitis, but also of eczematous skin diseases because of their anti-pruritic effects. Moreover, the pruritus associated with eczematous diseases is considered to be induced, in part, by histamine. However, it is unclear whether antihistamines inhibit the itch of eczematous diseases in the absence of topical corticosteroids. In this study, we investigated the anti-pruritic effect of the antihistamine, fexofenadine, on the itch of contact dermatitis that was induced by topical application of diphenylcyclopropenone for the treatment for alopecia areata. Thirteen patients with alopecia areata, who had been treated weekly with topical immunotherapy with diphenylcyclopropenone for 3 months to 2 years, recorded the severity of their itching on a visual analog scale before and 3, 6, 12, 24, 48 and 72 h after application of diphenylcyclopropenone for 4 consecutive weeks. Seven patients took fexofenadine during the first and third weeks, and six patients took fexofenadine during the second and fourth weeks. The severity of itching reached a maximum 6-12 h after the induction of the contact dermatitis in most of the patients. However, fexofenadine partially but rapidly reduced the severity of itching for 72 h during the entire period of treatment in the absence of topical corticosteroids. Our results suggest that fexofenadine can be beneficial in the daily management of patients with itching due to eczematous disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazumoto Katagiri
- Department of Anatomy, Biology and Medicine (Dermatology), Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Oita, Japan.
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39
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Ueda Y, Miyagawa N, Matsui T, Kaya T, Iwamura H. Involvement of cannabinoid CB(2) receptor-mediated response and efficacy of cannabinoid CB(2) receptor inverse agonist, JTE-907, in cutaneous inflammation in mice. Eur J Pharmacol 2006; 520:164-71. [PMID: 16153638 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2005.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2005] [Accepted: 08/08/2005] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Involvement of cannabinoid CB(2) receptor and effect of cannabinoid CB(2) receptor antagonist/inverse agonists on cutaneous inflammation were investigated. Mice ears topically exposed to an ether-linked analogue of 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG-E) or selective cannabinoid CB(2) receptor agonist, {4-[4-(1,1-dimethylheptyl)-2,6-dimethoxy-phenyl]-6.6-dimethyl-bicyclo[3.1.1]hept-2-en-2-yl}-methanol (HU-308), had early and late ear swelling (0--24 h and 1--8 days after exposure, respectively). Both types of responses induced by 2-AG-E were significantly suppressed by oral administration of cannabinoid CB(2) receptor antagonist/inverse agonists, [N-(benzo[1,3]dioxol-5-ylmethyl)-7-methoxy-2-oxo-8-pentyloxy-1,2-dihydroquinoline-3-carboxamide] (JTE-907) and {N-[(1S)-endo-1,3,3-trimethylbicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2 yl]5-(4-chloro-3-methyl-phenyl)-1-(4-methylbenzyl)pyrazole-3-carboxamide}} (SR 144528). In contrast, JTE-907 did not affect arachidonic acid-induced swelling. Orally administered JTE-907 (0.1-10 mg/kg) and SR 144528 (1 mg/kg) also produced significant inhibition of dinitrofluorobenzene-induced ear swelling, with increased cannabinoid CB(2) receptor mRNA expression observed in the inflamed ear. These results suggest that cannabinoid CB(2) receptor is partially involved in local inflammatory responses and cannabinoid CB(2) receptor antagonist/inverse agonist has beneficial effects on ear swelling.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/administration & dosage
- Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/pharmacology
- Arachidonic Acid
- Area Under Curve
- Camphanes/pharmacology
- Cannabinoids
- Dinitrofluorobenzene
- Dioxoles/administration & dosage
- Dioxoles/pharmacology
- Disease Models, Animal
- Drug Eruptions/prevention & control
- Ear, External/chemistry
- Female
- Indomethacin/administration & dosage
- Indomethacin/pharmacology
- Inflammation/chemically induced
- Inflammation/prevention & control
- Lymph Nodes/chemistry
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Pyrazoles/pharmacology
- Quinolones/administration & dosage
- Quinolones/pharmacology
- RNA, Messenger/analysis
- Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB2/analysis
- Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB2/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB2/genetics
- Time Factors
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshifumi Ueda
- Japan Tobacco Inc., Central Pharmaceutical Research Institute, 1-1 Murasaki-cho, Takatsuki, Osaka, 569-1125, Japan.
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40
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Inagaki N, Nagai H. [Evaluation of drugs for the treatment of atopic dermatitis in mice]. Nihon Yakurigaku Zasshi 2006; 127:109-15. [PMID: 16595982 DOI: 10.1254/fpj.127.109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
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41
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Zollner TM, Igney FH, Asadullah K. Acute and chronic models of allergic contact dermatitis: advantages and limitations. ERNST SCHERING RESEARCH FOUNDATION WORKSHOP 2005:255-75. [PMID: 15526948 DOI: 10.1007/3-540-26811-1_15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- T M Zollner
- Corporate Research Business Area Dermatology, Berlin, Germany.
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42
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Takahashi N, Arai I, Honma Y, Hashimoto Y, Harada M, Futaki N, Sugimoto M, Nakaike S. Scratching behavior in spontaneous- or allergic contact-induced dermatitis in NC/Nga mice. Exp Dermatol 2005; 14:830-7. [PMID: 16232305 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0625.2005.00361.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
NC/Nga mice have pathological and behavioral features similar to those seen in human atopic dermatitis. There are two known dermatitis models in NC/Nga mice, one being spontaneous-induced dermatitis under conventional conditions and the other 2,4,6-trinitrochlorobenzene (TNCB)-induced allergic contact dermatitis. However, there are significant differences in time course on development of dermatitis. We studied the role of scratching behavior (sign of itch) on the development of dermatitis on spontaneous- and TNCB-induced dermatitis. We measured scratching counts, transepidermal water loss (TEWL), and skin inflammation score, under conventional conditions or by applying 5% TNCB once a week for 6 weeks in NC/Nga mice. In spontaneous-induced dermatitis, scratching counts increased with the passage of time. The scratching counts were significantly increased only 1 week after housing the mice under conventional conditions, but no changes were observed in cases of TNCB-induced dermatitis. In spontaneous-induced dermatitis, TEWL and skin-inflammation score were gradually increased, time-dependently. On the other hand, in TNCB-induced dermatitis, these dependent values rapidly increased and reached a maximum only after 24 h TNCB application. These data suggest that pathogenesis of spontaneous- and allergic contact-induced dermatitis was clearly different. It will be of major interest to identify the pruritic mediators causing profound scratching behavior and scratching-induced aggravation of inflammation in the spontaneous-induced dermatitis, as opposed to the inflammatory mediators that cause contact allergic dermatitis without major scratching.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Takahashi
- Department of Pharmacology, Medicinal Research Laboratories, Saitama, Japan
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43
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Yamashita H, Michibata Y, Mizukami H, Ogihara Y, Morita A, Nose M. Dermal mast cells play a central role in the incidence of scratching behavior in mice induced by multiple application of the hapten, 2,4,6-trinitrochlorobenzene. Exp Dermatol 2005; 14:438-44. [PMID: 15885079 DOI: 10.1111/j.0906-6705.2005.00304.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Repeated application of 1% 2,4,6-trinitrochlorobenzene (TNCB) in acetone solution causes chronic skin inflammation in BALB/c mice. Associated scratching behavior gradually appeared, and chronic scratching behavior was established over 40 days after the initial application of TNCB. In order to explore the possible involvement of T cells and mast cells in the appearance of pruritus, we examined the response of athymic nude mice and genetically mast-cell-deficient mice. We could not detect either severe skin inflammation or immunoglobulin (Ig)E production in T-cell-deficient BALB/c nu/nu mice even after 80 days of TNCB treatment, whereas typical severe skin inflammation and IgE production were observed in mast-cell-deficient WBB6F1-W/Wv and WBB6F1-Sl/Sld mice. Furthermore, we observed persistent scratching behavior in WBB6F1-W/Wv mice, but not in BALB/c nu/nu and WBB6F1-Sl/Sld mice. Histological examination of TNCB-treated animals revealed the development of dermal mast cells in W/Wv mice but not in Sl/Sld mice. Degranulation of dermal mast cells was observed in the WBB6F1-W/Wv genotype, but most mast cells remained intact in TNCB-treated BALB/c nu/nu mice. These results suggest that mast cells play a pivotal role in the incidence of scratching behavior in this chronic pruritus model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirotaka Yamashita
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Tanabe-dori, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, Japan
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44
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Gao XK, Nakamura N, Fuseda K, Tanaka H, Inagaki N, Nagai H. Establishment of allergic dermatitis in NC/Nga mice as a model for severe atopic dermatitis. Biol Pharm Bull 2005; 27:1376-81. [PMID: 15340222 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.27.1376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Mite antigen has been suggested to play important roles in the onset and/or development of atopic dermatitis, and mite antigen-induced dermatitis models appear beneficial for the basic study of atopic dermatitis. In the present study therefore, we attempted to establish an allergic dermatitis model in mice using Dermatophagoides farinae crude extract as an antigen. Mite antigen solution at a concentration of 1 or 10 mg/ml was painted 5 times repeatedly at an interval of 7 d onto the ear of NC/Nga or BALB/c mice with or without simultaneous tape-stripping. Apparent biphasic ear swelling was observed after the 4th and 5th antigen applications in both strains of mice treated with 10 mg/ml of antigen solution. Thickening of the epidermis, fibrosis of the dermis, and the accumulation of inflammatory cells were also observed after the 5th application. The inflammatory changes were more evident in NC/Nga mice than in BALB/c mice and potentiated by tape-stripping. The ear swelling was accompanied by increased serum IgE, increased expression of interleukin-4 mRNA and decreased expression of interferon-gamma mRNA in cervical lymph nodes and ears. These results indicate that ear swelling caused by repeated mite antigen application with simultaneous tape-stripping has a Th2-dominant background and that the inflammatory responses are expressed more potently in NC/Nga mice than in BALB/c mice. The dermatitis caused by mite antigen in NC/Nga mice appears to be a useful model for the basic study of atopic dermatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiu Kun Gao
- Department of Pharmacology, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 5-6-1 Mitahorahigashi, Gifu 502-8585, Japan
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45
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Tomimori Y, Tanaka Y, Goto M, Fukuda Y. Repeated Topical Challenge with Chemical Antigen Elicits Sustained Dermatitis in NC/Nga Mice in Specific-Pathogen-Free Condition. J Invest Dermatol 2005; 124:119-24. [PMID: 15654964 DOI: 10.1111/j.0022-202x.2004.23516.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
NC/Nga mice are known to develop skin lesions resembling to atopic dermatitis (AD) in conventional but not in specific-pathogen-free (SPF) condition. An epicutaneous application of 2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene (DNFB) increased skin thickness in C3H as well as NC/Nga mice in SPF environment, and the response was enlarged by repeating the challenge at weekly intervals. Although the skin reaction in C3H mice was ameliorated when the challenge was discontinued after the fifth application, the reaction in NC/Nga mice was sustained at least for 3 wk. Analyses of cytokine production by CD4+ cells from the draining lymph node proximal to the lesions revealed that, unlike C3H mice, NC/Nga mice fail to induce T helper 2 (Th2) cytokine interleukin-4 (IL-4), whereas the level of Th1 cytokine interferon-gamma in NC/Nga mice is equivalent to that of C3H mice. In addition, NC/Nga mice highly expressed IL-12, a cytokine-preventing formation of Th2 response, whereas C3H mice did not. Administration of anti-IL-12 antibody reduced duration of dermatitis in DNFB-treated NC/Nga mice. Taken together, our data suggest that IL-12 plays a role in the persistent skin reaction in NC/Nga mice. The action of IL-12 might be mediated by the decrease in IL-4 production.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antibodies/pharmacology
- Antigens/immunology
- Antigens/pharmacology
- CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/metabolism
- Dermatitis, Atopic/immunology
- Dermatitis, Atopic/microbiology
- Dermatitis, Atopic/pathology
- Dermatitis, Contact/immunology
- Dermatitis, Contact/microbiology
- Dermatitis, Contact/pathology
- Dinitrofluorobenzene/immunology
- Dinitrofluorobenzene/pharmacology
- Ear, External/immunology
- Ear, External/pathology
- Immunoglobulin E/blood
- Interferon-gamma/biosynthesis
- Interferon-gamma/immunology
- Interferon-gamma/metabolism
- Interleukin-12/immunology
- Interleukin-12/metabolism
- Interleukin-18/metabolism
- Interleukin-4/biosynthesis
- Interleukin-4/immunology
- Interleukin-4/metabolism
- Lymph Nodes/cytology
- Lymph Nodes/immunology
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C3H
- Mice, Mutant Strains
- Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms/immunology
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46
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Nagai H. Immunopharmacological Approach to Elucidating the Mechanism of Allergic Inflammation. Allergol Int 2005. [DOI: 10.2332/allergolint.54.251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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47
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Jung JY, Saegusa J, Nakayama H, Doi K. Comparative study on picryl chloride (PCL)-induced contact dermatitis in female IQI/Jic and BALB/c mice. Exp Anim 2004; 53:89-96. [PMID: 15153670 DOI: 10.1538/expanim.53.89] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Ear skin responses to picryl chloride (PCL)-induced contact dermatitis were compared in detail between IQI/Jic mice developed in Japan and BALB/c mice often used for the investigation of contact dermatitis. PCL was applied to the left ear of each mouse 4 (1st), 11 (2nd), 18 (3rd) and 25 days (4th) after sensitization of the abdominal skin with PCL. Time course examinations were carried out on the ear swelling responses, total IgE levels, skin histology and immunohistochemistry for infiltrated cells after the 1st and 4th application. In IQI mice, the peak time of the ear swelling responses tended to shift from 24 h to 9 h with marked elevation of total IgE levels and marked increase of mast cells showing degranulation after the 4th application when CD8(+) cells as well as CD4(+) cells also prominently increased. In BALB/c mice, except for the total IgE levels and the number of mast cells, the degrees of ear swelling responses, histological changes and increase of CD4(+) and CD8(+) cells were much less severe. Female IQI mice are considered to be a useful mouse strain for further investigations on the role of CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells in the pathogenesis of contact dermatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Youn Jung
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Japan
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48
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Nakamura H, Kouda K, Tokunaga R, Takeuchi H. Suppressive effects on delayed type hypersensitivity by fasting and dietary restriction in ICR mice. Toxicol Lett 2004; 146:259-67. [PMID: 14687763 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2003.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Dietary restriction improves declining physiologic functions, prevents or lessens the severity of neoplasms and autoimmune diseases, and attenuates various inflammatory reactions. In the present study, we compared the effect on allergic dermatitis from repeated short-term fasting (every 3 days), and from moderate dietary restriction receiving 60% of the amount of food consumed by an ad libitum feeding group. In addition, we attempted to verify the involvement of corticosteroids and oxidative stress during nutritional deprivation. The overall food intake in mice undergoing moderate dietary restriction was less than that in mice undergoing repeated fasting. Nonetheless, moderate dietary restriction and repeated fasting showed similar suppressive effects on dermatitis. Furthermore, both the restricted-diet and fasted mice showed less oxidative stress than the mice fed ad libitum. In RU486 (a glucocorticoid receptor antagonist)-injected mice, no suppressive effect of fasting on dermatitis was seen. In conclusion, repeated fasting and moderate dietary restriction suppressed dermatitis in similar ways. Hypercorticism and reduced oxidative stress is associated with the suppression of dermatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harunobu Nakamura
- Department of Public Health, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 20-1, Handayama 1-Chome, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka 431-3192, Japan.
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Ueda Y, Sone T, Inagaki N, Nagai H. Effects of prednisolone on the cutaneous reaction and skin barrier function in mice treated with a hapten. Biol Pharm Bull 2003; 26:618-21. [PMID: 12736500 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.26.618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Glucocorticoids are effective drugs for the treatment of allergic skin diseases. In the present study, we observed the effects of prednisolone on the cutaneous reaction and skin barrier function in mice treated with a hapten, 2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene. Repeated hapten application onto the mouse ear resulted in a potent ear swelling with an elevation of specific serum IgE. The ear swelling appeared following the second application of the hapten and peaked at 24 h after each application. Specific serum IgE was detected first after the fourth hapten application. Topical treatment with prednisolone apparently suppressed the swelling, whereas it failed to affect the serum specific IgE level. The hapten application caused an increase in transepidermal water loss, which was potently inhibited by prednisolone, although the water content was not affected. Amounts of triglyceride and cholesterol in the ear skin increased after repeated hapten applications, whereas the relative amount of free fatty acid and ceramide diminished. Prednisolone exhibited an inhibitory effect on the changes in lipid content. Thus prednisolone apparently inhibits the alteration of skin barrier function caused by hapten application as well as the cutaneous reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshifumi Ueda
- Department of Pharmacology, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Japan
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Nakamura N, Ochi T, Sawada M, Tanaka H, Inagaki N, Saiki I, Nagai H. Role of T cells in IgE-dependent triphasic cutaneous reaction caused by dinitrofluorobenzene in the mouse ear: Participation of CD8+ T cells. Allergol Int 2003. [DOI: 10.1046/j.1440-1592.2003.00279.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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