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Xu B, Zhou Y, Huang M, Cui P, Wu T, Zhou D, Liu C, Wang Y. Modeling the Interaction and Uptake of Cd-As(V) Mixture to Wheat Roots Affected by Humic Acids, in Terms of root cell Membrane Surface Potential (ψ 0). BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2023; 111:10. [PMID: 37365371 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-023-03765-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
The joint toxicological effects of Cd2+ and As(V) mixture on wheat root as affected by environmental factors, such as pH, coexisting cations, and humic acids etc., were investigated using hydroponic experiments. The interaction and toxicological mechanisms of co-existing Cd2+ and As(V) at the interface of solution and roots in presence of humic acid were further explored by incorporating root cell membrane surface potential ψ0 into a mechanistic model of combined biotic ligand model (BLM)-based Gouy-Chapman-Stern (GCS) model and NICA-DONNAN model. Besides, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of lipid bilayer equilibrated with solution containing Cd2+ and H2AsO4- further revealed the molecular distribution of heavy metal(loid) ions under different membrane surface potentials. H2AsO4- and Cd2+ can be adsorbed on the surface of the membrane alone or as complexes, which consolidate the limitation of the macroscopic physical models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Xu
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Academy of Environmental Planning and Design, Co., Ltd., Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yiyi Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Meiying Huang
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Peixin Cui
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Tongliang Wu
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Dongmei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Cun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China.
| | - Yujun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
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Martins I, Guerra A, Azevedo A, Harasse O, Colaço A, Xavier J, Caetano M, Carreiro-Silva M, Martins I, Neuparth T, Raimundo J, Soares J, Santos MM. A modelling framework to assess multiple metals impacts on marine food webs: Relevance for assessing the ecological implications of deep-sea mining based on a systematic review. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2023; 191:114902. [PMID: 37058834 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.114902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Industrial deep-sea mining will release plumes containing metals that may disperse over long distances; however, there is no general understanding of metal effects on marine ecosystems. Thus, we conducted a systematic review in search of models of metal effects on aquatic biota with the future perspective to support Environmental Risk Assessment (ERA) of deep-sea mining. According to results, the use of models to study metal effects is strongly biased towards freshwater species (83% freshwater versus 14% marine); Cu, Hg, Al, Ni, Pb, Cd and Zn are the best-studied metals, and most studies target few species rather than entire food webs. We argue that these limitations restrain ERA on marine ecosystems. To overcome this gap of knowledge, we suggest future research directions and propose a modelling framework to predict the effects of metals on marine food webs, which in our view is relevant for ERA of deep-sea mining.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Martins
- CIMAR/CIIMAR-LA, Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Alexandra Guerra
- CIMAR/CIIMAR-LA, Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Azevedo
- CIMAR/CIIMAR-LA, Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ombéline Harasse
- SeaTech Engineering School, University of Toulon, Avenue de l'Université, 83130 La Garde, France
| | - Ana Colaço
- Institute of Marine Sciences, Okeanos, University of the Azores, Rua Prof Frederico Machado, 9901-862 Horta, Portugal
| | - Joana Xavier
- CIMAR/CIIMAR-LA, Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Porto, Portugal; Department of Biological Sciences, University of Bergen, Thormøhlens gate 53 A/B, 5006 Bergen, Norway
| | - Miguel Caetano
- CIMAR/CIIMAR-LA, Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Porto, Portugal; IPMA, Portuguese Institute of Sea and Atmosphere, Rua Alfredo Magalhães, 6, 1495-165 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Marina Carreiro-Silva
- Institute of Marine Sciences, Okeanos, University of the Azores, Rua Prof Frederico Machado, 9901-862 Horta, Portugal
| | - Inês Martins
- Institute of Marine Sciences, Okeanos, University of the Azores, Rua Prof Frederico Machado, 9901-862 Horta, Portugal
| | - Teresa Neuparth
- CIMAR/CIIMAR-LA, Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Porto, Portugal
| | - Joana Raimundo
- CIMAR/CIIMAR-LA, Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Porto, Portugal; IPMA, Portuguese Institute of Sea and Atmosphere, Rua Alfredo Magalhães, 6, 1495-165 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Joana Soares
- AIR Centre, TERINOV-Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia da Ilha Terceira, Canada de Belém S/N, Terra Chã, 9700-702 Angra do Heroísmo, Portugal
| | - Miguel M Santos
- CIMAR/CIIMAR-LA, Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Porto, Portugal; FCUP, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre S/N, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
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3
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Hu H, Li Y, Lu G, Wang WX, Li H, You J. Spatiotemporal trends of ultraviolet absorbents in oysters from the Pearl River Estuary, south China during 2015-2020. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 323:121298. [PMID: 36804145 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Ultraviolet absorbents (UVAs) are widely used in various industrial materials, pharmaceuticals, and personal care products, resulting in their frequent occurrences in sediment, water, and biota. However, our understanding of the spatiotemporal characteristics and long-term contamination status of UVAs is still limited. Here, a 6-year biomonitoring study with oysters during wet and dry seasons was conducted to examine the annual, seasonal, and spatial characteristics of UVAs in the Pearl River Estuary (PRE), China. The concentrations of Σ6UVA ranged from 9.1 to 119 (geometric mean ± standard deviation: 31 ± 22) ng/g dry wt. and peaked in 2018. Significant spatiotemporal variations in UVA contamination were observed. The concentrations of UVAs in oysters during the wet season were higher than the dry season, and concentrations in the more industrialized eastern coast were higher than the western coast (p < 0.05). Environmental factors, including precipitation, temperature, and salinity in water significantly impacted the UVA bioaccumulation in the oysters. The present study highlights that long-term biomonitoring with oysters provided valuable insight in the magnitude and seasonal variation of UVAs in this highly dynamic estuary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Hu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 511443, China
| | - Yang Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 511443, China
| | - Guangyuan Lu
- Research Centre for the Oceans and Human Health, City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, 518057, China
| | - Wen-Xiong Wang
- Research Centre for the Oceans and Human Health, City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, 518057, China; School of Energy and Environment and State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Huizhen Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 511443, China.
| | - Jing You
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 511443, China
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Mastroberardino A, Casaburi F, Canino R, Iannone M, Procopio S. Toxicity evaluation of the contaminated area of Crotone from biological indicators: a multispecies approach. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2023; 195:473. [PMID: 36928511 PMCID: PMC10020318 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-023-11056-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Contamination of terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems by toxic industrial waste has become a major issue in many countries. Of particular concern is the reuse of toxic hazardous waste in construction materials. This paper examined for the first time the chemical and radiation ecotoxicity of site-specific Technological Enhanced Naturally Occurring Radioactive Materials (TENORM) residues from phosphate processing industry in soil environmental matrices through bioindicators. The area under investigation was the former industrial district of Crotone (Calabria, Italy), recently included within the Sites of National Interest (SIN), comprising the 42 Italian national priority contaminated sites. Major biological exposure pathways considered were absorption and bioaccumulation. The marine bacterium Vibrio fischeri and the freshwater crustacean Daphnia magna were employed as aquatic bioindicators, while for the soil ecosystem, the seeds of Sorghum saccharatum and Lepidium sativum were used. Selection of test species aimed at assessing the toxicity of wastes in soil as well as in freshwater or marine systems. Results indicated V. fischeri as the most sensitive of all the species tested (5.56 g/L), while D. magna was found to be affected at 94.27 g/L. An overall inhibition was observed in seedling growth as compared to control at the highest concentration of the pollutants (100 g/L), while seed germination was not adversely affected by the pollutant. At this preliminary level, data indicated a potential risk for biodiversity of the area. In fact, the measured toxicity thresholds, even if above 100 mg/L, are comparable to concentrations of the toxicants spread all over the territory of Crotone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Mastroberardino
- Department of Physics, University of Calabria and National Institute for Nuclear Physics, Gruppo Collegato of Cosenza, Rende, Italy.
| | - Filomena Casaburi
- Regional Agency for Environmental Protection ARPACal, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Rosario Canino
- Regional Agency for Environmental Protection ARPACal, Catanzaro, Italy
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Li Z, He X, Feng C. A review of freshwater benthic clams (Corbicula fluminea): Accumulation capacity, underlying physiological mechanisms and environmental applications. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 857:159431. [PMID: 36244478 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Asian clams (Corbicula fluminea) have been extensively applied in biomonitoring and other environmental fields based on their high enrichment capacity and rapid response to pollutants. This review first summarizes the kinetic process of metals and organic pollutants enriched by C. fluminea and discusses the environmental behavior and application. The accumulation ability of Cu, Zn, and Mn were significantly higher than that of other metals, which were attributed to their high uptake rate constant and low elimination rate constant. The visceral mass was found to be the major burden tissue. However, large knowledge gaps existed regarding the accumulation capacity of C. fluminea for organic pollutants and nanoparticles. Moreover, physiological mechanisms underlying the accumulation of environmental pollutants were proposed. C. fluminea can improve the niche of benthic algae by ingesting pelagic algae, mitigating water eutrophication. It can also remove pathogens and parasites based on the biological assimilation of nonspecific immunity, interrupting disease transmission. The novel insight into the application of C. fluminea in wastewater treatment further broadens the range of pest management strategies and offers the feasibility of blocking the spread of invasive bivalves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenling Li
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, PR China
| | - Xiaokang He
- The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, PR China
| | - Chenghong Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, PR China; The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, PR China.
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6
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Deknock A, Pasmans F, van Leeuwenberg R, Van Praet S, De Troyer N, Goessens T, Lammens L, Bruneel S, Lens L, Martel A, Croubels S, Goethals P. Impact of heavy metal exposure on biological control of a deadly amphibian pathogen by zooplankton. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 823:153800. [PMID: 35150694 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Despite devastating effects on global biodiversity, efficient mitigation strategies against amphibian chytridiomycosis are lacking. Since the free-living pathogenic zoospores of Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd), the infective stage of this disease, can serve as a nutritious food source for components of zooplankton communities, these groups may act as biological control agents by eliminating zoospores from the aquatic environment. Such pathogen-predator interaction is, however, embedded in the aquatic food web structure and is therefore affected by abiotic factors interfering with these networks. Heavy metals, released from both natural and anthropogenic sources, are widespread contaminants of aquatic ecosystems and may interfere with planktonic communities and thus pathogen elimination rates. We investigated the interaction between zooplankton communities and chytridiomycosis infections in a Flemish agricultural region. Moreover, we also investigated the impact of heavy metal contamination, that was previously investigated in the region and presented in recent work, on zooplankton assemblages and chytridiomycosis infections. Finally, we tested the effect of sublethal concentrations of copper and zinc on Bd removal rates by Daphnia magna in a laboratory assay. Although zinc, copper, nickel and chromium were widely abundant pollutants, heavy metals were no driving force for zooplankton assemblages at our study locations. Moreover, our field survey did not reveal indirect effects of zooplankton assemblages on chytridiomycosis infections. However, sampling occasions testing negative for Bd showed a higher degree of copper contamination compared to positive sampling occasions, indicating a potential inhibitory effect of copper on Bd prevalence. Finally, whereas D. magna significantly reduced zoospore densities in its environment, sublethal concentrations of copper and zinc showed no interference with pathogen removal in the laboratory assay. Our results provide perspectives for further research on such a biological control strategy against chytridiomycosis by optimizing environmental conditions for pathogen predation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arne Deknock
- Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, Building F, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Frank Pasmans
- Department of Pathobiology, Pharmacology and Zoological Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, D9, B-9820 Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Robby van Leeuwenberg
- Department of Pathobiology, Pharmacology and Zoological Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, D9, B-9820 Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Sarah Van Praet
- Department of Pathobiology, Pharmacology and Zoological Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, D9, B-9820 Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Niels De Troyer
- Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, Building F, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Tess Goessens
- Department of Pathobiology, Pharmacology and Zoological Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, D9, B-9820 Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Leni Lammens
- Department of Pathobiology, Pharmacology and Zoological Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, D9, B-9820 Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Stijn Bruneel
- Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, Building F, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Luc Lens
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Ghent University, K.L. Ledeganckstraat 35, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - An Martel
- Department of Pathobiology, Pharmacology and Zoological Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, D9, B-9820 Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Siska Croubels
- Department of Pathobiology, Pharmacology and Zoological Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, D9, B-9820 Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Peter Goethals
- Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, Building F, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
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Hong H, Wang J, Shi D. Effects of salinity on the chronic toxicity of 4-methylbenzylidene camphor (4-MBC) in the marine copepod Tigriopus japonicus. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2021; 232:105742. [PMID: 33460951 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2021.105742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Organic ultraviolet filters are widely used in personal care products. 4-methylbenzylidene camphor (4-MBC) is one of the most frequently used UV filters. Due to its widespread usage 4-MBC has been detected at high concentrations in offshore waters. Previous toxicological studies have suggested that 4-MBC might induce much higher toxicity in marine organisms than freshwater species. To explore the effects of salinity on 4-MBC toxicity, the marine copepod Tigriopus japonicus was used as the model species, as it plays an important role in marine ecosystems and can be adapted to a wide range of salinity conditions. T. japonicus were adapted to three different salinity conditions (i.e., 20, 30 and 40 ppt) prior to exposure to 0, 1, and 5 μg L-1 4-MBC for multiple generations (F0-F3). Results showed that environmentally relevant concentrations of 4-MBC had toxic effects on T. japonicus and therefore, can pose a significant risk to marine copepods in the natural environment. In addition, increasing salinity levels increased the lethal, developmental and reproductive toxicities of 4-MBC in T. japonicus. This was because that higher salinity levels increased the uptake rate constant and bioconcentration factor of 4-MBC and also further exacerbated the oxidative stress induced by exposure to 4-MBC in T. japonicus. Our study demonstrated that understanding how salinity affects the toxicity of 4-MBC is important for accurate assessment of the risk of 4-MBC in the aquatic environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haizheng Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science and College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China; Center for Marine Environmental Chemistry and Toxicology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China.
| | - Jiaxin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science and College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Dalin Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science and College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
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8
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Zhang X, Li B, Deng J, Qin B, Wells M, Tefsen B. Advances in freshwater risk assessment: improved accuracy of dissolved organic matter-metal speciation prediction and rapid biological validation. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 202:110848. [PMID: 32570102 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Revised: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Speciation modeling of bioavailability has increasingly been used for environmental risk assessment (ERA). Heavy metal pollution is the most prevalent environmental pollution issue globally, and metal bioavailability is strongly affected by its chemical speciation. Dissolved organic matter (DOM) in freshwater will bind heavy metals thereby reducing bioavailability. While speciation modeling has been shown to be quite effective and is validated for use in ERA, there is an increasing body of literature reporting problems with the accuracy of metal-DOM binding in speciation models. In this study, we address this issue for a regional-scale field area (Lake Tai, with 2,400 km2 surface area and a watershed of 36,000 km2) where speciation models in common use are not highly accurate, and we tested alternative approaches to predict metal-DOM speciation/bioavailability for lead (Pb) in this first trial work. We tested five site-specific approaches to quantify Pb-DOM binding that involve varying assumptions about conditional stability constants, binding capacities, and different components in DOM, and we compare these to what we call a one-size-fits-all approach that is commonly in use. We compare model results to results for bioavailable Pb measured using a whole-cell bioreporter, which has been validated against speciation models and is extremely rapid compared to many biological methods. The results show that all of the site-specific approaches we use provide more accurate estimates of bioavailability than the default model tested, however, the variation of the conditional stability constant on a site-specific basis is the most important consideration. By quantitative metrics, up to an order of magnitude improvement in model accuracy results from modeling active DOM as a single organic ligand type with site-specific variations in Pb-DOM conditional stability constants. Because the biological method is rapid and parameters for site-specific tailoring of the model may be obtained via high-throughput analysis, the approach that we report here in this first regional-scale freshwater demonstration shows excellent potential for practical use in streamlined ERA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaokai Zhang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, People's Republic of China; Department of Environmental Science, University of Liverpool, Brownlow Hill, Liverpool, L69 7ZX, United Kingdom
| | - Boling Li
- Department of Biological Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, People's Republic of China; Department of Environmental Science, University of Liverpool, Brownlow Hill, Liverpool, L69 7ZX, United Kingdom
| | - Jianming Deng
- Taihu Laboratory for Lake Ecosystem Research, State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, People's Republic of China
| | - Boqiang Qin
- Taihu Laboratory for Lake Ecosystem Research, State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, People's Republic of China
| | - Mona Wells
- Freshwater Ecology Group, National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research, Dunedin, 9016, New Zealand.
| | - Boris Tefsen
- Department of Biological Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, People's Republic of China
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9
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Ma Y, Xie C, He X, Zhang B, Yang J, Sun M, Luo W, Feng S, Zhang J, Wang G, Zhang Z. Effects of Ceria Nanoparticles and CeCl 3 on Plant Growth, Biological and Physiological Parameters, and Nutritional Value of Soil Grown Common Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris). SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2020; 16:e1907435. [PMID: 32174030 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201907435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Revised: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The release of metal ions may play an important role in toxicity of metal-based nanoparticles. In this report, a life cycle study is carried out in a greenhouse, to compare the effects of ceria nanoparticles (NPs) and Ce3+ ions at 0, 50, 100, and 200 mg Ce kg-1 on plant growth, biological and physiological parameters, and nutritional value of soil-grown common bean plants. Ceria NPs have a tendency to negatively affect photosynthesis, but the effect is not statistically significant. Ce3+ ionic treatments at 50, 100, and 200 mg Ce kg-1 result in increases of 1.25-, 0.66-, and 1.20-fold in stomatal conductance, respectively, relative to control plants. Both ceria NPs and Ce3+ ions disturb the homeostasis of antioxidant defense system in the plants, but only 200 mg Ce kg-1 ceria NPs significantly induce lipid peroxidation in the roots. Ceria NP treatments tend to reduced fresh weight and to increase mineral contents of the green pods, but have no effect on the organic nutrient contents. On the contrary, Ce3+ ion treatments modify the organic compositions and thus alter the nutritional quality and flavor of the green pods. These results suggest that the two Ce forms may have different mechanisms on common bean plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhui Ma
- Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- IHEP-HKU Joint Laboratory of Metallomics on Health & Environment, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Changjian Xie
- Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- School of life Sciences, Shandong University of Technology, No. 266 Xincun West Road, Zibo, 255000, Shandong, China
| | - Xiao He
- Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- IHEP-HKU Joint Laboratory of Metallomics on Health & Environment, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Boxin Zhang
- International Department, Beijing National Day School, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jie Yang
- Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Minghui Sun
- Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Wenhe Luo
- Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Sheng Feng
- Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Junzhe Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Guohua Wang
- Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Zhiyong Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- IHEP-HKU Joint Laboratory of Metallomics on Health & Environment, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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10
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Zhang X, Li B, Deng J, Qin B, Wells M, Tefsen B. Regional-scale investigation of dissolved organic matter and lead binding in a large impacted lake with a focus on environmental risk assessment. WATER RESEARCH 2020; 172:115478. [PMID: 32000128 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2020.115478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2019] [Revised: 12/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Environmental risk assessment (ERA) increasingly relies on speciation modeling of bioavailability. Heavy metals are the most prevalent pollutants globally, and dissolved organic matter (DOM) plays an important role in speciation and bioavailability of heavy metals. Due to the variation of DOM properties in natural aquatic systems, improvements to the standard one-size-fits-all approach to modeling metal-DOM interactions are needed for ERA. In this study, we investigate variations in DOM and lead (Pb)-DOM binding in Lake Tai (Taihu), a large, impacted lake in eastern China that is characterized by a complex drainage network and is an important water resource at a regional level, and we assess implications of our findings within the context of ERA needs. In our study, DOM in water samples collected from across the 2,400 km2 area of Taihu was characterized using three-dimensional excitation-emission matrix and synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy spectra, the latter being used to calculate conditional stability constants for metal binding. Parallel factor analysis and peak picking were used to assess contributions of protein- and humic-like components of DOM, and fluorescence indices indicative of diagenetic processes were calculated. These quantities calculated from spectroscopic studies, in addition to water quality parameters, were analyzed by bivariate and multivariate analysis. Results show that different DOM components are highly variable across different regions of Taihu, and bivariate and multivariate analyses confirm that water quality and DOM characterization parameters are strongly interrelated. This reflects the different inputs, diagenetic and transport processes across the large expanse of Taihu. We find that the conditional stability constant of Pb-DOM binding is strongly affected by the water chemical properties and composition of DOM, though the conditional stability constant is not itself a parameter that differentiates lake water properties in different regions of the lake. The variability of DOM composition and Pb-DOM binding strength across Taihu is consistent with prior findings that a one-size-fits-all approach to metal-DOM binding may lead to inaccuracies in commonly used speciation models, and therefore such generalized approaches need improvement for regional-level ERA in complex watersheds. The approach taken here to obtain site-specific metal-DOM conditional stability constants for use in increasing the accuracy of speciation modeling is fit-for-purpose for ERA applications at regional levels because the approach is relatively simple, inexpensive, and amenable to high throughput analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaokai Zhang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, People's Republic of China; Department of Environmental Science, University of Liverpool, Brownlow Hill, Liverpool, L69 7ZX, UK
| | - Boling Li
- Department of Biological Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, People's Republic of China; Department of Environmental Science, University of Liverpool, Brownlow Hill, Liverpool, L69 7ZX, UK
| | - Jianming Deng
- Taihu Laboratory for Lake Ecosystem Research, State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, People's Republic of China
| | - Boqiang Qin
- Taihu Laboratory for Lake Ecosystem Research, State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, People's Republic of China
| | - Mona Wells
- Freshwater Ecology Group, National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research, Dunedin, 9016, New Zealand; Environmental Sciences, Ronin Institute, 127 Haddon Place, Montclair, NJ, 07043, United States.
| | - Boris Tefsen
- Department of Biological Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, People's Republic of China
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11
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Kochoni E, Fortin C. Iron Modulation of Copper Uptake and Toxicity in a Green Alga ( Chlamydomonas reinhardtii). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2019; 53:6539-6545. [PMID: 31082264 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.9b01369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Little attention has been paid to the role of essential trace elements on the toxicity of another element. In this work, we examined if low concentrations of essential elements (Co, Mn, Zn, and Fe) modified the response of a freshwater green alga ( Chlamydomonas reinhardtii) to copper. To do so, we followed cell growth over 72 h in exposure media where the essential element concentrations were manipulated. Among these elements, iron proved to have a strong impact on the cells' response to copper. The free Cu2+ concentrations required to inhibit cellular growth by 50% (EC50) over 72 h decreased from 2 nM in regular Fe medium (10-17.6 M Fe3+) to 4 pM in low iron medium (10-19.0 M Fe3+); a 500-fold increase in toxicity. Moreover, at low Cu2+ concentrations (10-13.0 to 10-10.5 M), Cu uptake increased under low iron conditions but remain relatively stable under regular iron conditions. These results show clearly that iron plays a protective role against copper uptake and toxicity to C. reinhardtii. In freshwaters, iron is always abundant but the expected free iron concentrations in surface waters can vary between 10-14.0 to 10-20.0 M, depending on pH (e.g., when pH increases from 6 to 8). We conclude that copper toxicity in natural waters can be modulated by iron and that, in some conditions, the Biotic Ligand Model may need to be further developed to account for the influence of iron.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emeric Kochoni
- Institut national de la Recherche scientifique , Centre Eau Terre Environnement , 490 de la Couronne , Québec , QC G1K 9A9 , Canada
| | - Claude Fortin
- Institut national de la Recherche scientifique , Centre Eau Terre Environnement , 490 de la Couronne , Québec , QC G1K 9A9 , Canada
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12
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Lemmel F, Maunoury-Danger F, Fanesi A, Leyval C, Cébron A. Soil Properties and Multi-Pollution Affect Taxonomic and Functional Bacterial Diversity in a Range of French Soils Displaying an Anthropisation Gradient. MICROBIAL ECOLOGY 2019; 77:993-1013. [PMID: 30467715 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-018-1297-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2018] [Accepted: 11/16/2018] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The intensive industrial activities of the twentieth century have left behind highly contaminated wasteland soils. It is well known that soil parameters and the presence of pollutants shape microbial communities. But in such industrial waste sites, the soil multi-contamination with organic (polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, PAH) and metallic (Zn, Pb, Cd) pollutants and long-term exposure may induce a selection pressure on microbial communities that may modify soil functioning. The aim of our study was to evaluate the impact of long-term multi-contamination and soil characteristics on bacterial taxonomic and functional diversity as related to the carbon cycle. We worked on 10 soils from northeast of France distributed into three groups (low anthropised controls, slag heaps, and settling ponds) based on their physico-chemical properties (texture, C, N) and pollution level. We assessed bacterial taxonomic diversity by 16S rDNA Illumina sequencing, and functional diversity using Biolog® and MicroResp™ microtiter plate tools. Although taxonomic diversity at the phylum level was not different among the soil groups, many operational taxonomic units were influenced by metal or PAH pollution, and by soil texture and total nitrogen content. Functional diversity was not influenced by PAH contamination while metal pollution selected microbial communities with reduced metabolic functional diversity but more tolerant to zinc. Limited microbial utilisation of carbon substrates in metal-polluted soils was mainly due to the nitrogen content. Based on these two observations, we hypothesised that reduced microbial activity and lower carbon cycle-related functional diversity may have contributed to the accumulation of organic matter in the soils that exhibited the highest levels of metal pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Lemmel
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS, LIEC, 54000, Nancy, France
| | | | - Andrea Fanesi
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS, LIEC, 54000, Nancy, France
| | - Corinne Leyval
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS, LIEC, 54000, Nancy, France
| | - Aurélie Cébron
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS, LIEC, 54000, Nancy, France.
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13
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Shi W, Fang X, Wu X, Zhang G, Que W, Li F. Alteration of bioaccumulation mechanisms of Cu by microalgae in the presence of natural fulvic acids. CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 211:717-725. [PMID: 30099156 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.07.200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Revised: 07/24/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The impact of natural fulvic acids (FAs) on the toxicity and bioaccumulation of Cu by Chlorella pyrenoidosa was studied. FAs extracted from Taihu Lake were separated into three fractions using dialysis bags: F1 (<500 Da), F2 (500-1000 Da) and F3 (>1000 Da). The results showed that the F3 fraction with a larger molecular weight contained less acidic groups and unsaturated aliphatic structures than F1 and F2, and it showed stronger alleviation of the toxicity of Cu to algae. In the presence of F1∼F3, the bioaccumulation curve of Cu in algae intersected with the straight line in the binary system of Cu-algae at approximately 5.3 × 10-3-6.0 × 10-3 mM of Cu equilibrium concentration, showing an inhibition of bioaccumulation of Cu in lower concentrations but an enhancement in higher Cu concentrations. The ratio of {Cu}ads/{Cu}int was used to clarify the transformation mechanism on adsorption; the transition interval occurred at a ratio of 3.5-4.4. This ratio indicated a shift from a mechanism of slow trending to equilibrium to a mechanism with rapid increase, which may be due to the bridging action of Cu to form a ternary complex of FA-Cu-algae and the occurrence of multilayer adsorption. The promotion order of F1> F3> F2 was consistent with percentages of the carboxyl group in total acidic functional groups in the FAs. This research is helpful for improving the accuracy of present models for the prediction of heavy metal risks in aqueous environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Shi
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310032, China
| | - Xiaoman Fang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Zhejiang Sustainable Pest and Disease Control, Institute of Quality and Standard for Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China
| | - Xingfei Wu
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310032, China
| | - Gaoxiang Zhang
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310032, China
| | - Weiyan Que
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310032, China
| | - Feili Li
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310032, China.
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14
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Abbas M, Adil M, Ehtisham-Ul-Haque S, Munir B, Yameen M, Ghaffar A, Shar GA, Asif Tahir M, Iqbal M. Vibrio fischeri bioluminescence inhibition assay for ecotoxicity assessment: A review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 626:1295-1309. [PMID: 29898537 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.01.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 237] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2017] [Revised: 01/03/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Vibrio fischeri bioluminescence inhibition bioassay (VFBIA) has been widely applied for the monitoring of toxicity on account of multiple advantages encompassing shorter test duration, sensitive, cost-effective and ease of operation. Moreover, this bioassay found to be equally applicable to all types of matrices (organic & inorganic compounds, metals, wastewater, river water, sewage sludge, landfill leachate, herbicides, treated wastewater etc.) for toxicity monitoring. This review highlights the apparent significance of Vibrio fischeri bioluminescence inhibition assay for ecotoxicological screening and evaluation of diverse chemical substances toxicity profile. The biochemical and genetic basis of the bioluminescence assay and its regulatory mechanism have been concisely discussed. The basic test protocol with ongoing improvements, widespread applications, typical advantages and probable limitations of the assay have been overviewed. The sensitivity of VFBIA and toxicity bioassays has also been compared.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mazhar Abbas
- CVAS, Jhang Campus, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Adil
- CVAS, Jhang Campus, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | | | - Bushra Munir
- Department of Biochemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Yameen
- Department of Biochemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Ghaffar
- Department of Biochemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
| | - Ghulam Abbas Shar
- Institute of Chemistry, Shah Abdul Latif University, Khairpur 66020, Sindh, Pakistan
| | - M Asif Tahir
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Munawar Iqbal
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan.
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15
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Wang YM, Zhou DM, Yuan XY, Zhang XH, Li Y. Modeling the interaction and toxicity of Cu-Cd mixture to wheat roots affected by humic acids, in terms of cell membrane surface characteristics. CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 199:76-83. [PMID: 29433030 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2017] [Revised: 12/30/2017] [Accepted: 02/03/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Responses of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) seedling roots to the mixtures of copper (Cu), cadmium (Cd) and humic acids (HA) were investigated using the solution culture experiments, focusing on the interaction patterns between multiple metals and their influences on root proton release. A concentration-addition multiplication (CA) model was introduced into the modeling analysis. In comparison with metal ion activities in bulk-phase solutions, the incorporation of ion activities at the root cell membrane surfaces (CMs) (denoted as {Cu2+}0 and {Cd2+}0) into the CA model could significantly improve their correlation with RRE (relative root elongation) from 0.819 to 0.927. Modeling analysis indicated that the co-existence of {Cu2+}0 significantly enhanced the rhizotoxicity of {Cd2+}0, while no significant effect of {Cd2+}0 on the {Cu2+}0 rhizotoxicity. 10 mg/L HA stimulated the root elongation even under metal stress. Although high concentration of metal ions inhibited the root proton release rate (ΔH+), both the low concentration of metal ions and HA treatments increased the values of ΔH+. In HA-Cu-Cd mixtures, actions of metal ions on ΔH+ values were varied intricately among treatments but well modeled by the CA model. We concluded from the CA models that the electrostatic effect is vitally important for explaining the effect of {Cu2+}0 on the rhizotoxicity of {Cd2+}0, while it plays no unique role in understanding the influence of {Cd2+}0 on the rhizotoxicity of {Cu2+}0. Thus our study provide a novel way for modeling multiple metals behaviors in the environment and understanding the mechanisms of ion interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Min Wang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, PR China; Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, PR China
| | - Dong-Mei Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, PR China.
| | - Xu-Yin Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, PR China
| | - Xiao-Hui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, PR China
| | - Yi Li
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, PR China
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16
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Leveraging Big Data Tools and Technologies: Addressing the Challenges of the Water Quality Sector. SUSTAINABILITY 2017. [DOI: 10.3390/su9122160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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17
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Damasceno ÉP, de Figuerêdo LP, Pimentel MF, Loureiro S, Costa-Lotufo LV. Prediction of toxicity of zinc and nickel mixtures to Artemia sp. at various salinities: From additivity to antagonism. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2017; 142:322-329. [PMID: 28433597 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2017.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2016] [Revised: 04/07/2017] [Accepted: 04/10/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Few studies have examined the toxicity of metal mixtures to marine organisms exposed to different salinities. The aim of the present study was to investigate the acute toxicity of zinc and nickel exposures singly and in combination to Artemia sp. under salinities of 10, 17, and 35 psu. The mixture concentrations were determined according to individual toxic units (TUs) to follow a fixed ratio design. Zinc was more toxic than nickel, and both their individual toxicities were higher at lower salinities. These changes in toxicity can be attributed to the Biotic Ligand Model (BLM) rather than to metal speciation. To analyze the mixture effect, the observed data were compared with the expected mixture effects predicted by the concentration addition (CA) model and by deviations for synergistic/antagonistic interactions and dose-level and dose-ratio dependencies. For a salinity of 35 psu, the mixture had no deviations; therefore, the effects were additive. After decreasing the salinity to 17 psu, the toxicity pattern changed to antagonism at low concentrations and synergism at higher equivalent LC50 levels. For the lowest salinity tested (10 psu), antagonism was observed. The speciations of both metals were similar when in a mixture and when isolated, and changes in toxicity patterns are more related to the organism's physiology than metal speciation. Therefore, besides considering chemical interactions in real-world scenarios, where several chemicals can be present, the influence of abiotic factors, such as salinity, should also be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Susana Loureiro
- Department of Biology and CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
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18
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Dragone R, Grasso G, Muccini M, Toffanin S. Portable Bio/Chemosensoristic Devices: Innovative Systems for Environmental Health and Food Safety Diagnostics. Front Public Health 2017; 5:80. [PMID: 28529937 PMCID: PMC5418341 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2017.00080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2016] [Accepted: 03/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This mini-review covers the newly developed biosensoristic and chemosensoristic devices described in recent literature for detection of contaminants in both environmental and food real matrices. Current needs in environmental and food surveillance of contaminants require new simplified, sensitive systems, which are portable and allow for rapid and on-site monitoring and diagnostics. Here, we focus on optical and electrochemical bio/chemosensoristic devices as promising tools with interesting analytical features that can be potentially exploited for innovative on-site and real-time applications for diagnostics and monitoring of environmental and food matrices (e.g., agricultural waters and milk). In near future, suitably developed and implemented bio/chemosensoristic devices will be a new and modern technological solution for the identification of new quality and safety marker indexes as well as for a more proper and complete characterization of abovementioned environmental and food matrices. Integrated bio/chemosensoristic devices can also allow an “holistic approach” that may prove to be more suitable for diagnostics of environmental and food real matrices, where the copresence of more bioactive substances is frequent. Therefore, this approach can be focused on the determination of net effect (mixture effect) of bioactive substances present in real matrices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Dragone
- Institute of Nanostructured Materials (ISMN), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Rome, Italy
| | - Gerardo Grasso
- Institute of Nanostructured Materials (ISMN), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Rome, Italy
| | - Michele Muccini
- Institute of Nanostructured Materials (ISMN), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Bologna, Italy
| | - Stefano Toffanin
- Institute of Nanostructured Materials (ISMN), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Bologna, Italy
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19
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Water Quality Criteria for Copper Based on the BLM Approach in the Freshwater in China. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0170105. [PMID: 28166229 PMCID: PMC5293193 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0170105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2016] [Accepted: 12/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The bioavailability and toxicity of metals to aquatic organisms are highly dependent on water quality parameters in freshwaters. The biotic ligand model (BLM) for copper is an approach to generate the water quality criteria (WQC) with water chemistry in the ambient environment. However, few studies were carried out on the WQCs for copper based on the BLM approach in China. In the present study, the toxicity for copper to native Chinese aquatic organisms was conducted and the published toxicity data with water quality parameters to Chinese aquatic species were collected to derive the WQCs for copper by the BLM approach. The BLM-based WQCs (the criterion maximum criteria (CMC) and the criterion continuous concentration (CCC)) for copper in the freshwater for the nation and in the Taihu Lake were obtained. The CMC and CCC values for copper in China were derived to be 1.391 μg/L and 0.495 μg/L, respectively, and the CMC and CCC in the Taihu Lake were 32.194 μg/L and 9.697 μg/L. The high concentration of dissolved organic carbon might be a main reason which resulted in the higher WQC values in the Taihu Lake. The WQC of copper in the freshwater would provide a scientific foundation for water quality standards and the environment risk assessment in China.
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20
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Wu B, Cheng G, Jiao K, Shi W, Wang C, Xu H. Mycoextraction by Clitocybe maxima combined with metal immobilization by biochar and activated carbon in an aged soil. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2016; 562:732-739. [PMID: 27110984 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.04.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2016] [Revised: 04/05/2016] [Accepted: 04/11/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
To develop an eco-friendly and efficient route to remediate soil highly polluted with heavy metals, the idea of mycoextraction combined with metal immobilization by carbonaceous sorbents (biochar and activated carbon) was investigated in this study. Results showed that the application of carbonaceous amendments decreased acid soluble Cd and Cu by 5.13-14.06% and 26.86-49.58%, respectively, whereas the reducible and oxidizable fractions increased significantly as the amount of carbonaceous amendments added increased. The biological activities (microbial biomass, soil enzyme activities) for treatments with carbonaceous sorbents were higher than those of samples without carbonaceous amendments. Clitocybe maxima (C. maxima) simultaneously increased soil enzyme activities and the total number of microbes. Biochar and activated carbon both showed a positive effect on C. maxima growth and metal accumulation. The mycoextraction efficiency of Cd and Cu in treatments with carbonaceous amendments enhanced by 25.64-153.85% and 15.18-107.22%, respectively, in response to that in non-treated soil, which showed positive correlation to the augment of biochar and activated carbon in soil. Therefore, this work suggested the effectiveness of mycoextraction by C. maxima combined the application of biochar and activated carbon in immobilising heavy metal in contaminated soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Wu
- Key Laboratory for Bio-resources and Eco-environment of Education Ministry, College of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Guanglei Cheng
- Analytical and Testing Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Kai Jiao
- Key Laboratory for Bio-resources and Eco-environment of Education Ministry, College of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Wenjin Shi
- Key Laboratory for Bio-resources and Eco-environment of Education Ministry, College of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Can Wang
- Key Laboratory for Bio-resources and Eco-environment of Education Ministry, College of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Heng Xu
- Key Laboratory for Bio-resources and Eco-environment of Education Ministry, College of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China.
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21
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Duarte RM, Smith DS, Val AL, Wood CM. Dissolved organic carbon from the upper Rio Negro protects zebrafish (Danio rerio) against ionoregulatory disturbances caused by low pH exposure. Sci Rep 2016; 6:20377. [PMID: 26853589 PMCID: PMC4745052 DOI: 10.1038/srep20377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2015] [Accepted: 11/25/2015] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The so-called "blackwaters" of the Amazonian Rio Negro are rich in highly coloured dissolved organic carbon (DOC), but ion-poor and very acidic, conditions that would cause fatal ionoregulatory failure in most fish. However these blackwaters support 8% of the world's ichthyofauna. We tested the hypothesis that native DOC provides protection against ionoregulatory dysfunction in this extreme environment. DOCs were isolated by reverse-osmosis from two Rio Negro sites. Physico-chemical characterization clearly indicated a terrigenous origin, with a high proportion of hydroxyl and phenolic sites, high chemical reactivity to protons, and unusual proteinaceous fluorescence. When tested using zebrafish (a model organism), Rio Negro DOC provided almost perfect protection against ionoregulatory disturbances associated with acute exposure to pH 4.0 in ion-poor water. DOC reduced diffusive losses of Na(+) and Cl(-), and promoted a remarkable stimulation of Na(+) uptake that otherwise would have been completely inhibited. Additionally, prior acclimation to DOC at neutral pH reduced rates of branchial Na(+) turnover, and provided similar protection against acid-induced ionoregulatory disturbances, even if the DOC was no longer present. These results reinforce the important roles that DOC molecules can play in the regulation of gill functions in freshwater fish, particularly in ion-poor, acidic blackwaters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael M. Duarte
- Laboratory of Ecophysiology and Molecular Evolution, National Institute for Amazonian Research, Manaus, AM, Brazil
- Biosciences Institute, São Paulo State University - UNESP, Coastal Campus, São Vicente, SP, Brazil
| | - D. Scott Smith
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Wilfrid Laurier University, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3C5, Canada
| | - Adalberto L. Val
- Laboratory of Ecophysiology and Molecular Evolution, National Institute for Amazonian Research, Manaus, AM, Brazil
| | - Chris M. Wood
- Laboratory of Ecophysiology and Molecular Evolution, National Institute for Amazonian Research, Manaus, AM, Brazil
- Department of Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada
- Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
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22
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Sekar G, Vijayakumar S, Thanigaivel S, Thomas J, Mukherjee A, Chandrasekaran N. Multiple spectroscopic studies on the interaction of BSA with pristine CNTs and their toxicity against Donax faba. JOURNAL OF LUMINESCENCE 2016; 170:141-149. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jlumin.2015.10.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
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Lathouri M, Korre A. Temporal assessment of copper speciation, bioavailability and toxicity in UK freshwaters using chemical equilibrium and biotic ligand models: Implications for compliance with copper environmental quality standards. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2015; 538:385-401. [PMID: 26318223 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.06.120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2015] [Revised: 06/28/2015] [Accepted: 06/28/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Although significant progress has been made in understanding how environmental factors modify the speciation, bioavailability and toxicity of metals such as copper in aquatic environments, the current methods used to establish water quality standards do not necessarily consider the different geological and geochemical characteristics of a given site and the factors that affect copper fate, bioavailability potential and toxicity. In addition, the temporal variation in the concentration and bioavailable metal fraction is also important in freshwater systems. The work presented in this paper illustrates the temporal and seasonal variability of a range of water quality parameters, and Cu speciation, bioavailability and toxicity at four freshwaters sites in the UK. Rivers Coquet, Cree, Lower Clyde and Eden (Kent) were selected to cover a broad range of different geochemical environments and site characteristics. The monitoring data used covered a period of around six years at almost monthly intervals. Chemical equilibrium modelling was used to study temporal variations in Cu speciation and was combined with acute toxicity modelling to assess Cu bioavailability for two aquatic species, Daphnia magna and Daphnia pulex. The estimated copper bioavailability, toxicity levels and the corresponding ecosystem risks were analysed in relation to key water quality parameters (alkalinity, pH and DOC). Although copper concentrations did not vary much during the sampling period or between the seasons at the different sites; copper bioavailability varied markedly. In addition, through the chronic-Cu BLM-based on the voluntary risk assessment approach, the potential environmental risk in terms of the chronic toxicity was assessed. A much higher likelihood of toxicity effects was found during the cold period at all sites. It is suggested that besides the metal (copper) concentration in the surface water environment, the variability and seasonality of other important water quality parameters should be considered in setting appropriately protective environmental quality standards for metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Lathouri
- Department of Earth Science and Engineering, Royal School of Mines, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Anna Korre
- Department of Earth Science and Engineering, Royal School of Mines, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, London SW7 2AZ, UK.
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Matos MRA, Gomes MTSR, Oliveira JABP, Alves E, Cunha MASDA, Almeida A, Rudnitskaya A. Assessment of Transition Metals Toxicity in Environmental Matrices Using Potentiometric Electrodes: Inorganic Mercury(II) in the Seawater as a Case Study. ELECTROANAL 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201400713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Park J, Kim S, Yoo J, Lee JS, Park JW, Jung J. Effect of salinity on acute copper and zinc toxicity to Tigriopus japonicus: the difference between metal ions and nanoparticles. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2014; 85:526-531. [PMID: 24837323 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2014.04.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2013] [Revised: 04/19/2014] [Accepted: 04/22/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the effects of salinity (5‰, 15‰, 25‰ and 35‰) on metal ion (Cu and Zn) and nanoparticle (NP) CuO and ZnO toxicity to Tigriopus japonicus. Increasing the test media volume without renewal increased the 96-h LC50 for Cu (32.75 mg L(-1)) compared to the reported value (3.9 mg L(-1)). There was no significant difference in acute toxicity at different salinities between acclimated and unacclimated T. japonicus (p>0.05). Increasing salinity decreased the dissolved concentrations of Cu and Zn ions due to the precipitation of the metal ions, consequently reducing the acute toxicity to T. japonicus. The effect of salinity on acute CuO and ZnO NP toxicity was similar to that on metal ion toxicity. Since the aggregation of NPs generally enhanced at higher salinities, both the dissolution and aggregation of CuO and ZnO NPs may control the effect of salinity on acute toxicity to T. japonicus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junbeom Park
- Division of Environmental Science & Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 136-713, Republic of Korea
| | - Soyoun Kim
- Division of Environmental Science & Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 136-713, Republic of Korea
| | - Jisu Yoo
- Division of Environmental Science & Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 136-713, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Seong Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Republic of Korea
| | - June-Woo Park
- Ecotoxicology Research Center, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Daejeon 305-343, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinho Jung
- Division of Environmental Science & Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 136-713, Republic of Korea.
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Ternjej I, Mihaljević Z, Ivković M, Previšić A, Stanković I, Maldini K, Želježić D, Kopjar N. The impact of gypsum mine water: a case study on morphology and DNA integrity in the freshwater invertebrate, Gammarus balcanicus. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2014; 189:229-238. [PMID: 24682074 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2014.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2013] [Revised: 12/28/2013] [Accepted: 03/05/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The aim of our study was to investigate how exposure to heavy metal-rich waters from gypsum mining affects the morphology and levels of primary DNA damage in Gammarus balcanicus. Chemical analysis revealed increased concentrations of metals in water and sediment collected at a site impacted by gypsum mine wastewaters. The specimens also showed elevated total tissue metal levels when compared with the organisms collected at the reference site. The most prominent increase was observed for strontium, followed by iron, nickel, vanadium, aluminium, and manganese. The major pathway of entry for these toxic substances was through the degraded exoskeleton as a consequence of excessive strontium input (unbalanced calcium/strontium ratio) and altered permeability. Disturbed exoskeleton integrity was observed only in individuals collected downstream of the gypsum mine, which was confirmed by electron microscopy. Levels of primary DNA damage were evaluated using the alkaline comet assay in the haemolymph of the specimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivančica Ternjej
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Rooseveltov trg 6, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Zlatko Mihaljević
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Rooseveltov trg 6, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Marija Ivković
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Rooseveltov trg 6, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Ana Previšić
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Rooseveltov trg 6, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Igor Stanković
- Central Water Management Laboratory, Hrvatske vode, Ulica grada Vukovara 220, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Krešimir Maldini
- Central Water Management Laboratory, Hrvatske vode, Ulica grada Vukovara 220, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Davor Želježić
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Mutagenesis Unit, Ksaverska c. 2, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Nevenka Kopjar
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Mutagenesis Unit, Ksaverska c. 2, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
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Li H, Zuo XJ. Speciation and size distribution of copper and zinc in urban road runoff. BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2013; 90:471-476. [PMID: 23283537 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-012-0953-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2012] [Accepted: 12/21/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The impact of pollutants from road runoff on receiving water bodies becomes increasingly serious. However, less is known about the study on the distribution of metal speciation in particles with different sizes, and the interaction among metal speciation. Our research is aimed at investigating speciation distribution of copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) in particles and the interaction among metal speciation. Stainless steel sieves in different sizes were used to accomplish filtration scheme. Sequential extraction procedures contained five steps for the chemical fractionation of metals. Flame atomic absorption spectrometry (Shimadzu, AA-6800) was used to determine the concentration of metal speciation. Speciation distribution of Cu was similar to that of Zn. Size distribution implied that small particles (<75 μm) determined the distribution for both Cu and Zn, as well as their migration. Correlation analysis indicated that the interaction among speciation of Cu was different from that of Zn.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Li
- Department of Municipal Engineering, School of Civil Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China.
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Wang P, De Schamphelaere KAC, Kopittke PM, Zhou DM, Peijnenburg WJGM, Lock K. Development of an electrostatic model predicting copper toxicity to plants. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2012; 63:659-668. [PMID: 22016428 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/err254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The focus of the present study was to investigate the mechanisms for the alleviation of Cu toxicity in plants by coexistent cations (e.g. Al(3+), Mn(2+), Ca(2+), Mg(2+), H(+), Na(+), and K(+)) and the development of an electrostatic model to predict 50% effect activities (EA50s) accurately. The alleviation of Cu(2+) toxicity was evaluated in several plants in terms of (i) the electrical potential at the outer surface of the plasma membrane (PM) (Ψ(0)(°)) and (ii) competition between cations for sites at the PM involved in the uptake or toxicity of Cu(2+), the latter of which is invoked by the Biotic Ligand Model (BLM) as the sole explanation for the alleviation of toxicity. The addition of coexistent cations into the bulk-phase medium reduces the negativity of Ψ(0)(°) and hence decreases the activity of Cu(2+) at the PM surface. Our analyses suggest that the alleviation of toxicity results primarily from electrostatic effects (i.e. changes in both the Cu(2+) activity at the PM surface and the electrical driving force across the PM), and that BLM-type competitive effects may be of lesser importance in plants. Although this does not exclude the possibility of competition, the data highlight the importance of electrostatic effects. An electrostatic model was developed to predict Cu(2+) toxicity thresholds (EA50s), and the quality of its predictive capacity suggests its potential utility in risk assessment of copper in natural waters and soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
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29
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Leonard EM, Barcarolli I, Silva KR, Wasielesky W, Wood CM, Bianchini A. The effects of salinity on acute and chronic nickel toxicity and bioaccumulation in two euryhaline crustaceans: Litopenaeus vannamei and Excirolana armata. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2011; 154:409-19. [PMID: 21810485 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2011.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2011] [Revised: 07/18/2011] [Accepted: 07/19/2011] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the influence of salinity (5 ppt versus 25 ppt) on acute (96-h LC(50)) and chronic toxicity (15-30 day LC(50)) of Ni in two euryhaline crustaceans, the shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) and the isopod (Excirolana armata). 96-h LC50 values were 41 μmolL(-1) and 362 μmolL(-1) for L. vannamei and 278 μmolL(-1) and >1000 μmolL(-1) for E. armata at 5 ppt and 25 ppt, respectively. Speciation analysis demonstrated that complexation with anions such as SO(4)(2-), HCO(3)(-) and Cl(-) at 25 ppt had a negligible effect on reducing the free Ni(2+) ion component in comparison to 5 ppt. The salinity-dependent differences in acute Ni toxicity could not be explained by differences in Ni bioaccumulation. Therefore, differences in physiology of the organisms at the two salinities may be the most likely factor contributing to differences in acute Ni toxicity. Chronic LC(50) values (2.7-23.2 μmolL(-1)) were similar in the two species, but salinity had no significant effect, indicating that water chemistry and osmoregulatory strategy do not influence chronic toxicity. However chronic (15-day) mortality in both species could be predicted by acute (96-h) Ni bioaccumulation patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin M Leonard
- McMaster University, Department of Biology, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
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30
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Carafa R, Faggiano L, Real M, Munné A, Ginebreda A, Guasch H, Flo M, Tirapu L, von der Ohe PC. Water toxicity assessment and spatial pollution patterns identification in a Mediterranean River Basin District. Tools for water management and risk analysis. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2011; 409:4269-79. [PMID: 21794894 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2011.06.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2010] [Revised: 06/07/2011] [Accepted: 06/22/2011] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
In compliance with the requirements of the EU Water Framework Directive, monitoring of the ecological and chemical status of Catalan river basins (NE Spain) is carried out by the Catalan Water Agency. The large amount of data collected and the complex relationships among the environmental variables monitored often mislead data interpretation in terms of toxic impact, especially considering that even pollutants at very low concentrations might contribute to the total toxicity. The total dataset of chemical monitoring carried out between 2007 and 2008 (232 sampling stations and 60 pollutants) has been analyzed using sequential advanced modeling techniques. Data on concentrations of contaminants in water were pre-treated in order to calculate the bioavailable fraction, depending on substance properties and local environmental conditions. The resulting values were used to predict the potential impact of toxic substances in complex mixtures on aquatic biota and to identify hot spots. Exposure assessment with Species Sensitivity Distribution (SSD) and mixture toxicity rules were used to compute the multi-substances Potentially Affected Fraction (msPAF). The combined toxicity of the pollutants analyzed in the Catalan surface waters might potentially impact more than 50% of the species in 10% of the sites. In order to understand and visualize the spatial distribution of the toxic risk, Self Organising Map (SOM), based on the Kohonen's Artificial Neural Network (ANN) algorithm, was applied on the output data of these models. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was performed on top of Neural Network results in order to identify main influential variables which account for the pollution trends. Finally, predicted toxic impacts on biota have been linked and correlated to field data on biological quality indexes using macroinvertebrate and diatom communities (IBMWP and IPS). The methodology presented could represent a suitable tool for water managers in environmental risk assessment and management.
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31
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Martins CDMG, Barcarolli IF, de Menezes EJ, Giacomin MM, Wood CM, Bianchini A. Acute toxicity, accumulation and tissue distribution of copper in the blue crab Callinectes sapidus acclimated to different salinities: in vivo and in vitro studies. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2011; 101:88-99. [PMID: 20952078 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2010.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2010] [Revised: 09/07/2010] [Accepted: 09/10/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
In vivo and in vitro studies were performed to evaluate acute toxicity, organ-specific distribution, and tissue accumulation of copper in Callinectes sapidus acclimated to two different experimental salinities (2 and 30 ppt). Blue crabs were quite tolerant to copper. Acute dissolved copper toxicity (96-h LC(50) and its corresponding 95% confident interval) was higher at salinity 2 ppt (5.3 (3.50-8.05) μM Cu) than at 30 ppt (53.0 (27.39-102.52) μM Cu). The difference between salinities can be completely explained based on the water chemistry because it disappeared when 96-h LC(50) values were expressed as the free Cu(2+) ion (3.1 (1.93-4.95) μM free Cu at 2 ppt versus 5.6 (2.33-13.37) μM free Cu at 30 ppt) or the Cu(2+) activity (1.4 (0.88-2.26) μM Cu activity at 2 ppt versus 1.7 (0.71-4.07) μM Cu activity at 30 ppt). The relationships between gill Cu burden and % mortality were very similar at 2 and 30 ppt, in accord with the Biotic Ligand Model. In vivo experiments showed that copper concentration in the hemolymph is not dependent on metal concentration in the surrounding medium at either experimental salinity. They also showed that copper flux into the gills is higher than into other tissues analyzed, and that anterior and posterior gills are similarly important sites of copper accumulation at both experimental salinities. In vitro experiments with isolated-perfused gills showed that there is a positive relationship between copper accumulation in this tissue and the metal concentration in the incubation media for both anterior and posterior gills. A similar result was observed at both low and high salinities. Furthermore, in vitro experiments showed that copper accumulation in posterior gills is also positively and strongly dependent on the incubation time with copper. Gill copper accumulation occurred at a lower rate in the first 2h of metal exposure, increasing markedly after this "steady-state" period. This finding was corroborated by a significant increase in copper influx to the gill perfusate (corresponding to crab hemolymph) after this time, measured using (64)Cu. In vivo, after uptake from solution, (64)Cu was primarily accumulated in the gills and the rest of the body rather than in the hemolymph, hepatopancreas, or other internal tissues. Overall, the present findings indicate that gills are a key target organ for copper accumulation, as well as an important biological barrier against the excessive uptake of copper into the hemolymph and the subsequent distribution of this metal to internal organs of the blue crab.
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Moberly JG, Staven A, Sani RK, Peyton BM. Influence of pH and inorganic phosphate on toxicity of zinc to Arthrobacter sp. isolated from heavy-metal-contaminated sediments. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2010; 44:7302-7308. [PMID: 20553043 DOI: 10.1021/es100117f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Because of its high solubility over a wide range of pH conditions, zinc is found in many natural and human-impacted systems. Zinc speciation is critical in assessing zinc toxicity to microorganisms because it varies considerably with pH and is dependent on other aqueous constituents. Combined results of thermodynamic modeling, statistical analysis, and batch culture studies using Arthrobacter sp. JM018 suggest that the toxic species may not be solely limited to the free ion, but also includes ZnHPO(4)(0)(aq). Cellular uptake of ZnHPO(4)(0)(aq) through the inorganic phosphate transporter (Pit family), which requires a neutral metal phosphate complex for phosphate transport, may explain the observed toxicity. Based on visual MINTEQ (v3.0) modeling, at 50 μM total zinc, ZnHPO(4)(0)(aq) constitutes 33, 70, and 76% of the neutral metal phosphate pool at pH 6, 7, and 8, respectively. At 50 μM total zinc, cultures supplied with organic phosphate (glycerol-3-phosphate) show no significant response to pH (p = 0.13) while inhibition of inorganic phosphate-supplemented cultures, whose neutral metal phosphates are increasingly dominated by ZnHPO(4)(0)(aq), show significant pH dependence (p = 9.45 × 10(-7)). Using sodium to decrease the distribution of ZnHPO(4)(0)(aq) in the neutral metal phosphate pool also decreased the pH dependent toxicity, further supporting this mechanism. These findings show the important role of minor zinc species in organism toxicity and have wider implications because the Pit inorganic phosphate transport system is widely distributed in Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya.
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Affiliation(s)
- James G Moberly
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Center for Biofilm Engineering, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana 59717, USA
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Helmreich B, Hilliges R, Schriewer A, Horn H. Runoff pollutants of a highly trafficked urban road--correlation analysis and seasonal influences. CHEMOSPHERE 2010; 80:991-997. [PMID: 20579685 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2010.05.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2010] [Revised: 04/27/2010] [Accepted: 05/23/2010] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The quality of road runoff at a highly trafficked road has been studied for 2 years. 63 storm events have been sampled and analyzed. Besides pH value and electric conductivity the concentrations of zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), lead (Pb), nickel (Ni) and cadmium (Cd), both in dissolved and particulate form, de-icing salt, total and dissolved organic carbon (TOC and DOC), suspended solids (SS) have been monitored. Correlation analysis showed a significant relationship between the total metal concentrations with TOC and SS. A considerable seasonal increase in pollutant concentrations has been observed for Cu, TOC, SS, pH value and especially for Zn during the cold season. The mean values during winter time were multiple times higher than measured during the warm season. In contrast, the fractionation of heavy metals was not affected by seasonal variations, but remarkable fluctuations were observed between different rain events with dissolved fractions above 90%. As a result of this and due to the high pollutant load on fine particles, best management practices (BMPs) only implementing sedimentation are not recommended for treatment of heavily polluted urban road runoff. From the data obtained it can be concluded, that the de-icing salt has only a weak influence for higher pollutant concentrations. The increase of heavy metal concentrations occurs because of increased tear and wear due to application of gravel at cold weather conditions. No significant influence of the length of antecedent dry weather periods could be observed most likely due to street sweeping, winds and air turbulences caused by traffic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brigitte Helmreich
- Technical University of Munich, Institute of Water Quality Control, Am Coulombwall, 85748 Garching, Germany.
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Tipping E, Lofts S, Hooper H, Frey B, Spurgeon D, Svendsen C. Critical Limits for Hg(II) in soils, derived from chronic toxicity data. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2010; 158:2465-2471. [PMID: 20434245 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2010.03.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2009] [Revised: 03/11/2010] [Accepted: 03/18/2010] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Published chronic toxicity data for Hg(II) added to soils were assembled and evaluated to produce a data set comprising 52 chronic end-points, five each for plants and invertebrates and 42 for microbes. With end-points expressed in terms of added soil Hg(II) contents, Critical Limits were derived from the 5th percentiles of species sensitivity distributions, values of 0.13 microg(g soil)(-1) and 3.3 microg(g soil organic matter)(-1) being obtained. The latter value exceeds the currently recommended Critical Limit, used to determine Hg(II) Critical Loads in Europe, of 0.5 microg(g soil organic matter)(-1). We also applied the WHAM/Model VI chemical speciation model to estimate concentrations of Hg(2+) in soil solution, and derived an approximate Critical Limit Function (CLF) that includes pH; log [Hg(2+)](crit)=-2.15 pH -17.10. Because they take soil properties into account, the soil organic matter-based limit and the CLF provide the best assessment of toxic threat for different soils. For differing representative soils, each predicts a range of up to 100-fold in the dry weight-based content of mercury that corresponds to the Critical Limit.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Tipping
- Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Lancaster Environment Centre, Library Avenue, Bailrigg, Lancaster LA1 4AP, United Kingdom.
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Santos A, Judd S. The fate of metals in wastewater treated by the activated sludge process and membrane bioreactors: A brief review. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010; 12:110-8. [DOI: 10.1039/b918161j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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36
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Luo XS, Li LZ, Zhou DM. Effect of cations on copper toxicity to wheat root: implications for the biotic ligand model. CHEMOSPHERE 2008; 73:401-406. [PMID: 18585752 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2008.05.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2007] [Revised: 05/13/2008] [Accepted: 05/18/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The extent to which calcium, magnesium, sodium, potassium and hydrogen ions independently mitigate Cu rhizotoxicity to wheat (Triticumaestivum) in nutrient solutions was examined. Increasing activities of Ca2+ and Mg2+ but not Na+, K+ and H+ linearly increased the 2 d EC50 (as Cu2+ activity), supporting the concept that some cations can compete with Cu2+ for binding the active sites at the terrestrial organism-solution interface (i.e., the biotic ligand, BL). According to the biotic ligand model (BLM) concept, the conditional stability constants for the binding of Cu2+, Ca2+ and Mg2+ to the BL were derived from the toxicity data. They were 6.28, 2.43 and 3.34 for logK(CuBL), logK(CaBL) and logK(MgBL), respectively. It was calculated that on average 43.6% of BL sites need to be occupied by Cu2+ to induce 50% root growth inhibition. Using the estimated parameters, a BLM was successfully developed to predict Cu toxicity for wheat as a function of solution characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-San Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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Heinlaan M, Ivask A, Blinova I, Dubourguier HC, Kahru A. Toxicity of nanosized and bulk ZnO, CuO and TiO2 to bacteria Vibrio fischeri and crustaceans Daphnia magna and Thamnocephalus platyurus. CHEMOSPHERE 2008; 71:1308-16. [PMID: 18194809 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2007.11.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 866] [Impact Index Per Article: 54.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2007] [Revised: 11/02/2007] [Accepted: 11/15/2007] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
As the production of nanoparticles of ZnO, TiO2 and CuO is increasing, their (eco)toxicity to bacteria Vibrio fischeri and crustaceans Daphnia magna and Thamnocephalus platyurus was studied with a special emphasis on product formulations (nano or bulk oxides) and solubilization of particles. Our innovative approach based on the combination of traditional ecotoxicology methods and metal-specific recombinant biosensors allowed to clearly differentiate the toxic effects of metal oxides per se and solubilized metal ions. Suspensions of nano and bulk TiO2 were not toxic even at 20 g l(-1). All Zn formulations were very toxic: L(E)C50 (mg l(-1)) for bulk ZnO, nanoZnO and ZnSO4.7H2O: 1.8, 1.9, 1.1 (V. fischeri); 8.8, 3.2, 6.1 (D. magna) and 0.24, 0.18, 0.98 (T. platyurus), respectively. The toxicity was due to solubilized Zn ions as proved with recombinant Zn-sensor bacteria. Differently from Zn compounds, Cu compounds had different toxicities: L(E)C50 (mg l(-1)) for bulk CuO, nano CuO and CuSO4: 3811, 79, 1.6 (V. fischeri), 165, 3.2, 0,17 (D. magna) and 95, 2.1, 0.11 (T. platyurus), respectively. Cu-sensor bacteria showed that toxicity to V. fischeri and T. platyurus was largely explained by soluble Cu ions. However, for Daphnia magna, nano and bulk CuO proved less bioavailable than for bacterial Cu-sensor. This is the first evaluation of ZnO, CuO and TiO2 toxicity to V. fischeri and T. platyurus. For nano ZnO and nano CuO this is also a first study for D. magna.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margit Heinlaan
- National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Akadeemia tee 23, Tallinn 12618, Estonia
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Monserrat JM, Martínez PE, Geracitano LA, Lund Amado L, Martinez Gaspar Martins C, Lopes Leães Pinho G, Soares Chaves I, Ferreira-Cravo M, Ventura-Lima J, Bianchini A. Pollution biomarkers in estuarine animals: critical review and new perspectives. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2007; 146:221-234. [PMID: 17045848 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2006.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2006] [Revised: 08/24/2006] [Accepted: 08/30/2006] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In this review, recent developments in monitoring toxicological responses in estuarine animals are analyzed, considering the biomarker responses to different classes of pollutants. The estuarine environment imposes stressful conditions to the organisms that inhabit it, and this situation can alter their sensitivity to many pollutants. The specificity of some biomarkers like metallothionein tissue concentration is discussed in virtue of its dependence on salinity, which is highly variable in estuaries. Examples of cholinesterase activity measurements are also provided and criteria to select sensitive enzymes to detect pesticides and toxins are discussed. Regarding non-specific biomarkers, toxic responses in terms of antioxidant defenses and/or oxidative damage are also considered in this review, focusing on invertebrate species. In addition, the presence of an antioxidant gradient along the body of the estuarine polychaete Laeonereis acuta (Nereididae) and its relationship to different strategies, which deal with the generation of oxidative stress, is reviewed. Also, unusual antioxidant defenses against environmental pro-oxidants are discussed, including the mucus secreted by L. acuta. Disruption of osmoregulation by pollutants is of paramount importance in several estuarine species. In some cases such as in the estuarine crab Chasmagnathus granulatus, there is a trade off between bioavailability of toxicants (e.g. metals) and their interaction with key enzymes such as Na(+)-K(+)-ATPase and carbonic anhydrase. Thus, the metal effect on osmoregulation is also discussed in the present review. Finally, field case studies with fish species like the croaker Micropogonias furnieri (Scianidae) are used to illustrate the application of DNA damage and immunosuppressive responses as potential biomarkers of complex mixture of pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- José M Monserrat
- Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Fundação Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (FURG), Av. Itália km 8, Campus Carreiros, 96.201-900, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas-Fisiologia Animal Comparada (FURG), Brazil.
| | - Pablo E Martínez
- Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Fundação Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (FURG), Av. Itália km 8, Campus Carreiros, 96.201-900, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas-Fisiologia Animal Comparada (FURG), Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Oceanografia Biológica (FURG), Brazil
| | - Laura A Geracitano
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas-Fisiologia Animal Comparada (FURG), Brazil
| | - Lílian Lund Amado
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas-Fisiologia Animal Comparada (FURG), Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Marlize Ferreira-Cravo
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas-Fisiologia Animal Comparada (FURG), Brazil
| | - Juliane Ventura-Lima
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas-Fisiologia Animal Comparada (FURG), Brazil
| | - Adalto Bianchini
- Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Fundação Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (FURG), Av. Itália km 8, Campus Carreiros, 96.201-900, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas-Fisiologia Animal Comparada (FURG), Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Oceanografia Biológica (FURG), Brazil
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39
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Liao CM, Jou LJ, Lin CM, Chiang KC, Yeh CH, Chou BYH. Predicting acute copper toxicity to valve closure behavior in the freshwater clam Corbicula fluminea supports the biotic ligand model. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2007; 22:295-307. [PMID: 17497636 DOI: 10.1002/tox.20263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this paper is to employ biotic ligand model (BLM) to link between acute copper (Cu) toxicity and its effect on valve closure behavior of freshwater clam Corbicula fluminea in order to further support for the BLM that potentially offers a rapid and cost-effective method to conduct the acute toxicity tests for freshwater clam exposed to waterborne Cu. Reanalysis of published experimental data of C. fluminea closure daily rhythm and dose-response profiles based on the laboratory-acclimated clams showed that a BLM-based Hill model best described the free Cu(2+)-activity-valve closure response relationships. Our proposed Cu-BLM-Corbicula model shows that free ionic form of waterborne Cu binds specifically to a biotic ligand (i.e., clam gills) and impairs normal valve closure behavior, indicating that a fixed-level of metal accumulation at a biotic ligand is required to elicit specific biological effects. With derived mechanistic-based Cu-BLM-Corbicula model, we show that the site-specific EC50(t) and valve closure behavior at any integrated time can be well predicted, indicating that our model has the potential to develop a biomonitoring system as a bioassay tool to on-line measure waterborne Cu levels in aquatic systems. Our results confirm that BLM can be improved to analytically and rigorously describe the bioavailable fraction of metal causing toxicity to valve closure behavior in freshwater C. fluminea. We suggest that the Cu-BLM-Corbicula model can be used to assist in developing technically defensible site-specific water quality criteria and performing ecological risk assessment and to promote more focused and efficient uses of resources in the regulation and control of metals and the protection of the aquatic ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chung-Min Liao
- Department of Bioenvironmental Systems Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China.
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40
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Strandesen M, Birkved M, Holm P, Hauschild M. Fate and distribution modelling of metals in life cycle impact assessment. Ecol Modell 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2006.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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41
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Weber CL, Vanbriesen JM, Small MS. A stochastic regression approach to analyzing thermodynamic uncertainty in chemical speciation modeling. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2006; 40:3872-8. [PMID: 16830555 DOI: 10.1021/es0523035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Chemical speciation modeling is a vital tool for assessing the bioavailability of inorganic species, yet significant uncertainties in thermodynamic parameters and model form limit its potential for decision-making. In this paper we present a novel method for the quantification of thermodynamic parameter uncertainty and ionic strength correction model uncertainty using Bayesian Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) estimation methods. These methods allow for the inclusion of correlation modeling, which has not been present in previous work. The MCMC simulations are used to model a natural river water to determine the uncertainty in the calculated environmental speciation of ethylenediamenetetraacetate, a chelating agent that has attracted considerable environmental interest. The results indicate that incorporating correlation among related thermodynamic parameters into the uncertainty model is necessary to correctly quantify the overall system uncertainty. This result indicates the superiority of MCMC estimation methods overtraditional Monte Carlo methods when available data are used to estimate parameter uncertainty in systems with closely related model parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher L Weber
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
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42
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Tsiridis V, Petala M, Samaras P, Hadjispyrou S, Sakellaropoulos G, Kungolos A. Interactive toxic effects of heavy metals and humic acids on Vibrio fischeri. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2006; 63:158-67. [PMID: 15939470 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2005.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2004] [Revised: 04/12/2005] [Accepted: 04/18/2005] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
The effect of humic acids (HAs) on the toxicity of copper, zinc, and lead was investigated using the photobacterium Vibrio fischeri (Microtox test) as a test organism. The effects of HAs on metal toxicity were evaluated as functions of time and concentration in pure compound solutions. The toxicities of copper and lead were generally comparable, while the toxicity of zinc was lower than those of the other two metals. The toxicity of copper decreased with the addition of HAs, while the toxicity of zinc remained almost constant. On the other hand, the toxicity of lead increased, depending on the concentration of HAs. The interactive effects between copper and zinc and between lead and zinc were synergistic, while the interactive effect between copper and lead on the bioluminescence of V. fischeri was additive. The presence of HAs caused relatively high toxicity reduction in the binary mixtures of zinc and copper or zinc and lead, while the toxicity reduction in the case of the binary mixture of copper and lead was negligible.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Tsiridis
- Chemical Process Engineering Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54006 Thessaloniki, Greece
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Kungolos A, Samaras P, Tsiridis V, Petala M, Sakellaropoulos G. Bioavailability and toxicity of heavy metals in the presence of natural organic matter. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART A, TOXIC/HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES & ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING 2006; 41:1509-17. [PMID: 16835107 DOI: 10.1080/10934520600754706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
The effect of humic acids (HA) on the toxicity of copper, zinc and lead was investigated in this study, using the photobacterium Vibrio fischeri (Microtox test) as a test organism. The metal species and the complexation capacity of HA were predicted using model WinHumicV for speciation modeling. The toxicities of copper and lead were generally comparable, while the toxicity of zinc was lower than the ones of the other two method. The toxicity of copper decreased with the addition of HA, while the toxicity of zinc remained almost constant. The complexation of Zn with HA was low. Thus the presence of HA did not significantly influence the toxicity of Zn. For Cu and Zn, the free metal ion species showed to be basically responsible for the toxicity of these metals, while for Pb the chlorocomplexes and Pb-HA complexes contributed to the toxicity of Pb, indicating that the toxicity of heavy metals depends not only on the free metal ion species concentration but on different metal species that may be bioavailable.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Kungolos
- Department of Planning and Regional Development, University of Thessaly, Volos, Greece.
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Luo XS, Zhou DM, Wang YJ. Free cupric ions in contaminated agricultural soils around a copper mine in eastern Nanjing City, China. J Environ Sci (China) 2006; 18:927-31. [PMID: 17278749 DOI: 10.1016/s1001-0742(06)60016-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
To determine the environmental free metal ion activity was a recent hot issue. A method to measure low-level free cupric ion activity in soil solution extracted with 0.01 mol/L KNO3 was developed by using cupric ion-selective electrode (ISE) and calibrating with Cu-buffer solution. Three copper buffers including iminodiacetic acid (IDA), ethylenediamine (EN), and glycine (Gly) were compared for calibrating the Cu-ISE curves in the range of free cupric ions (pCu2+) 7-13. The Cu-EN buffer showed the best electrode response and thus was applied as the calibration buffer. The pCu2+ of 39 contaminated agricultural soils around a copper mine was measured, ranging from 5.03 to 9.20. Most Cu in the soil solutions was found to be complexed with dissolved soil organic matters, averaging 98.1%. The proportion of free Cu2+ ions in the soil solutions decreased with the increasing of solution pH. Soluble Cu and free Cu2+ ions concentrations were analyzed by multiple linear regressions to evaluate the effects of soil properties on metal levels and speciation. The results showed that soil solution pH was the most significant factor influencing pCu2+ (with R2 value of 0.76), while not important for the soluble Cu concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-san Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China.
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Lan CH, Lin TS. Acute toxicity of trivalent thallium compounds to Daphnia magna. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2005; 61:432-5. [PMID: 15922810 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2004.12.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2003] [Revised: 10/20/2004] [Accepted: 12/20/2004] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Daphnia magna was used to evaluate the aquatic toxicity of Tl(III) compounds including Tl(III) nitrate, Tl(III) chloride, and Tl(III) acetate. The results clearly show that Tl(III) is extremely toxic to daphnids. The 48-h LC50 values for Tl(III) nitrate, Tl(III) chloride, and Tl(III) acetate are 24, 61, and 203 microg/L, respectively. Tl(III) is much more toxic than Tl(I) and many other metals such as Cd(II), Cu(II), and Ni(II); it is similar to the toxicity that of Hg(II). The formation of Tl(III)-complexes would significantly reduce Tl(III) toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Hang Lan
- Department of Industrial Safety and Hygiene, Chung-Hwa College of Medical Technology, Tainan County, Taiwan
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Stanley JK, Brooks BW, La Point TW. A comparison of chronic cadmium effects on Hyalella azteca in effluent-dominated stream mesocosms to similar laboratory exposures in effluent and reconstituted hard water. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2005; 24:902-908. [PMID: 15839565 DOI: 10.1897/04-042r.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Laboratory single-species toxicity tests are used to assess the effects of contaminants on aquatic biota. Questions remain as to how accurately these toxicity tests predict site-specific bioavailability and chronic effects of metals, particularly in streams that are effluent-dominated or dependent on effluent discharge for flow. Concurrent 42-d Hyalella azteca exposures were performed with cadmium and final treated municipal effluent in the laboratory and at the University of North Texas Stream Research Facility (Denton, TX, USA), a series of outdoor lotic mesocosms. An additional 42-d laboratory test was conducted with H. azteca to evaluate Cd toxicity in reconstituted hard water (RHW). Endpoints included Cd body burden, survival, growth, and reproduction. Calculated average bioaccumulation factors were: 2,581 (stream mesocosm test) < 3,626 (laboratory effluent) < 7,382 (laboratory RHW). The 42-d survival lowest-observed-effect concentrations (LOECs) were 0.94, 4.53, and 22.97 microg/L for the laboratory RHW, laboratory effluent, and stream mesocosm exposures, respectively. Baseline growth (dry wt) and reproduction (young female(-1)) among the three exposures followed the relationship: Stream mesocosms > laboratory effluent > laboratory RHW. Differences among response variables in the three tests likely resulted from increased food sources and decreased Cd bioavailability in lotic mesocosms. Our results demonstrate that laboratory toxicity tests may overestimate chronic toxicity responses of H. azteca to Cd in effluent-dominated streams.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob K Stanley
- Institute of Applied Sciences, Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas 76203, USA.
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Xiao T, Guha J, Boyle D, Liu CQ, Zheng B, Wilson GC, Rouleau A, Chen J. Naturally occurring thallium: a hidden geoenvironmental health hazard? ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2004; 30:501-507. [PMID: 15031009 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2003.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2003] [Accepted: 10/13/2003] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
This paper illustrates a real environmental concern and draws attention to the fact that natural processes can mobilize thallium (Tl), a highly toxic metal, which may enter the food chain as a "hidden health killer" with severe health impacts on local human population. Natural processes may be exacerbated by human activities such as mining and farming, and may cause enrichment of Tl in the environment. In geochemically anomalous areas with concentrated levels of Tl in the surface environment (bedrocks, waters, soils, and crops), such as the Lanmuchang area in southwestern Guizhou Province, China, it is essential to establish base-level values and to pay heed to the geological context of "natural contamination," as high concentrations of Tl in bedrocks/ores (6-35,000 mg/kg) can lead to enrichment of Tl in the aquatic system (0.005-1100 microg/l in groundwaters and 0.07-31 microg/l in surface waters) and soil layers (1.5-124 mg/kg). In sensitive areas such as the Yanshang area of southwestern Guizhou, elevated natural levels of Tl from bedrocks may also cause higher concentrations of Tl in the surface environment, and thus more attention must be paid to geoenvironmental management of human activities if socio-economic catastrophes are to be avoided. Due to high uptake of Tl by crops, Tl can be transferred from soils to crops and remarkably concentrated in food crops. Concentrations of 1-500 mg/kg Tl based on dry weight (DW) were determined in many food crops growing on Tl-contaminated arable soils from the Lanmuchang area. The daily intake of 1.9 mg of Tl from consumed food crops was estimated for the local adult inhabitant of Lanmuchang. Thus, Tl is regarded as a latent health hazard with potential risk of toxicity in humans within areas of "natural" contamination by Tl.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tangfu Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, China.
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Sewage sludge. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/s0713-2743(04)80013-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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49
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Weng LP, Wolthoorn A, Lexmond TM, Temminghoff EJM, van Riemsdijk WH. Understanding the effects of soil characteristics on phytotoxicity and bioavailability of nickel using speciation models. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2004; 38:156-162. [PMID: 14740731 DOI: 10.1021/es030053r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Acidity (pH) has been realized to be the most important soil characteristic that modulates bioavailability of heavy metals by affecting both the chemical speciation of metals in soil and the metal binding to the active sites on biota. In this work, we show that besides soil pH, metal bioavailability also depends to a certain extent on the type of soil. A better understanding of the role of soil type in regulating metal availability can be achieved with the analysis of soil composition and with calculations using chemical speciation models. Results of pot experiments, in which three different soils were spiked with nickel, show that the EC50 of total nickel in decreasing the biomass production of oats varies widely (0.7-22.5 mmol kg(-1) soil, more than 30 times). pH (4.7-7.0) is the most important factor, explaining up to a factor of 14 difference of nickel bioavailability in the soils. The remaining variation is caused by other differences in soil composition (soil type). The bioavailability and toxicity of nickel in the organic matter-rich soil studied is less than half of that in the sandy and clay soil studied at a similar pH. The chemical calculations using a multi-surface speciation model show that soil organic matter binds Ni much stronger than clay silicates and iron (hydr)oxides within the acidic pH range, which supports the experimental findings. In all three soils, the EC50 of Ni expressed in terms of Ni in 0.01 M CaCl2 soil extraction is rather stable (24-58 microM), suggesting the possibility to use this extraction as an estimation of metal availability in soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Ping Weng
- Sub-department of Soil Quality, Department of Environmental Science, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 8005, 6700 EC Wageningen, The Netherlands. liping
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