1
|
Mirzahosseini G, Ismael S, Salman M, Kumar S, Ishrat T. Genetic and Pharmacological Modulation of P75 Neurotrophin Receptor Attenuate Brain Damage After Ischemic Stroke in Mice. Mol Neurobiol 2024; 61:276-293. [PMID: 37606717 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03550-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
The precursor nerve growth factor (ProNGF) and its receptor p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR) are upregulated in several brain diseases, including ischemic stroke. The activation of p75NTR is associated with neuronal apoptosis and inflammation. Thus, we hypothesized that p75NTR modulation attenuates brain damage and improves functional outcomes after ischemic stroke. Two sets of experiments were performed. (1) Adult wild-type (WT) C57BL/6 J mice were subjected to intraluminal suture-middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) to induce cerebral ischemia. Pharmacological inhibitor of p75NTR, LM11A-31 (50 mg/kg), or normal saline was administered intraperitoneally (IP) 1 h post-MCAO, and animals survived for 24 h. (2) Adult p75NTR heterozygous knockout (p75NTR+/-) and WT were subjected to photothrombotic (pMCAO) to induce ischemic stroke, and the animals survived for 72 h. The sensory-motor function of animals was measured using Catwalk XT. The brain samples were collected to assess infarction volume, edema, hemorrhagic transformation, neuroinflammation, and signaling pathway at 24 and 72 h after the stroke. The findings described that pharmacological inhibition and genetic knocking down of p75NTR reduce infarction size, edema, and hemorrhagic transformation following ischemic stroke. Additionally, p75NTR modulation significantly decreased several anti-apoptosis markers and improved sensory motor function compared to the WT mice following ischemic stroke. Our observations exhibit that the involvement of p75NTR in ischemic stroke and modulation of p75NTR could improve the outcome of ischemic stroke by increasing cell survival and enhancing motor performance. LM11A-31 has the potential to be a promising therapeutic agent for ischemic stroke. However, more evidence is needed to illuminate the efficacy of LM11A-31 in ischemic stroke.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Golnoush Mirzahosseini
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, College of Medicine, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 875 Monroe Avenue, Wittenborg Bldg, Room-231, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, TN, 38163, Memphis, USA
| | - Saifudeen Ismael
- Department of Neurosurgery, Clinical Neuroscience Research Center, Tulane University School of Medicine, LA, 70112, New Orleans, USA
| | - Mohd Salman
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, College of Medicine, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 875 Monroe Avenue, Wittenborg Bldg, Room-231, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA
| | - Santosh Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, TN, 38163, Memphis, USA
| | - Tauheed Ishrat
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, College of Medicine, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 875 Monroe Avenue, Wittenborg Bldg, Room-231, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA.
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, TN, 38163, Memphis, USA.
- Neuroscience Institute, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Keeler AB, Van Deusen AL, Gadani IC, Williams CM, Goggin SM, Hirt AK, Vradenburgh SA, Fread KI, Puleo EA, Jin L, Calhan OY, Deppmann CD, Zunder ER. A developmental atlas of somatosensory diversification and maturation in the dorsal root ganglia by single-cell mass cytometry. Nat Neurosci 2022; 25:1543-1558. [PMID: 36303068 PMCID: PMC10691656 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-022-01181-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Precisely controlled development of the somatosensory system is essential for detecting pain, itch, temperature, mechanical touch and body position. To investigate the protein-level changes that occur during somatosensory development, we performed single-cell mass cytometry on dorsal root ganglia from C57/BL6 mice of both sexes, with litter replicates collected daily from embryonic day 11.5 to postnatal day 4. Measuring nearly 3 million cells, we quantified 30 molecularly distinct somatosensory glial and 41 distinct neuronal states across all timepoints. Analysis of differentiation trajectories revealed rare cells that co-express two or more Trk receptors and over-express stem cell markers, suggesting that these neurotrophic factor receptors play a role in cell fate specification. Comparison to previous RNA-based studies identified substantial differences between many protein-mRNA pairs, demonstrating the importance of protein-level measurements to identify functional cell states. Overall, this study demonstrates that mass cytometry is a high-throughput, scalable platform to rapidly phenotype somatosensory tissues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Austin B Keeler
- Department of Biology, College of Arts and Sciences, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Amy L Van Deusen
- Department of Biology, College of Arts and Sciences, Charlottesville, VA, USA
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Irene C Gadani
- Department of Biology, College of Arts and Sciences, Charlottesville, VA, USA
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Corey M Williams
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Sarah M Goggin
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Ashley K Hirt
- Department of Biology, College of Arts and Sciences, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Shayla A Vradenburgh
- Department of Biology, College of Arts and Sciences, Charlottesville, VA, USA
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Kristen I Fread
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Emily A Puleo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Lucy Jin
- Department of Biology, College of Arts and Sciences, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - O Yipkin Calhan
- Department of Biology, College of Arts and Sciences, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Christopher D Deppmann
- Department of Biology, College of Arts and Sciences, Charlottesville, VA, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA.
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA.
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA.
- Program in Fundamental Neuroscience, College of Arts and Sciences, Charlottesville, VA, USA.
| | - Eli R Zunder
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA.
- Program in Fundamental Neuroscience, College of Arts and Sciences, Charlottesville, VA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Abbasian M, Langlois A, Gibon J. Sexual Dimorphism in Balance and Coordination in p75NTRexonIII Knock-Out Mice. Front Behav Neurosci 2022; 16:842552. [PMID: 35283743 PMCID: PMC8907914 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2022.842552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR) is implicated in various biological functions during development and adulthood. Several animal models have been developed to identify the roles of p75NTR in vivo and in vitro. P75NTRExonIII knock-out mice are widely used to study the neurotrophin receptor and its signaling pathways. Similar to other models of p75NTR knock-out (p75NTRExon IV KO) or conditional knock-out (p75NTRfl/fl) mice, p75NTRExonIII knock-out mice present severe abnormalities in walking, gait, balance and strength. The present study identifies a sexual dimorphism in the p75NTRExonIII knock-out strain regarding balance and coordination. Using Kondziela’s inverted grid test, we observed that p75NTRExonIII knock-out males performed poorly at the task, whereas p75NTRExonIII knock-out females did not exhibit any defects. We also observed that female p75NTRExonIII knock-out mice performed significantly better than male p75NTRExonIII knock-out mice at the beam balance test. There were no differences in strength, skin innervation, or the number of ulcers on the toes between p75NTRExonIII knock-out males and females. The literature regarding the role of p75NTR in behavior is controversial; our results suggest that studies investigating the role of p75NTR in vivo using p75NTR knock-out mice should systematically report data from males and females.
Collapse
|
4
|
Follis RM, Tep C, Genaro-Mattos TC, Kim ML, Ryu JC, Morrison VE, Chan JR, Porter N, Carter BD, Yoon SO. Metabolic Control of Sensory Neuron Survival by the p75 Neurotrophin Receptor in Schwann Cells. J Neurosci 2021; 41:8710-8724. [PMID: 34507952 PMCID: PMC8528492 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.3243-20.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 08/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
We report that the neurotrophin receptor p75 contributes to sensory neuron survival through the regulation of cholesterol metabolism in Schwann cells. Selective deletion of p75 in mouse Schwann cells of either sex resulted in a 30% loss of dorsal root ganglia (DRG) neurons and diminished thermal sensitivity. P75 regulates Schwann cell cholesterol biosynthesis in response to BDNF, forming a co-receptor complex with ErbB2 and activating ErbB2-mediated stimulation of sterol regulatory element binding protein 2 (SREBP2), a master regulator of cholesterol synthesis. Schwann cells lacking p75 exhibited decreased activation of SREBP2 and a reduction in 7-dehydrocholesterol (7-DHC) reductase (DHCR7) expression, resulting in accumulation of the neurotoxic intermediate, 7-dehyrocholesterol in the sciatic nerve. Restoration of DHCR7 in p75 null Schwann cells in mice significantly attenuated DRG neuron loss. Together, these results reveal a mechanism by which the disruption of lipid metabolism in glial cells negatively influences sensory neuron survival, which has implications for a wide range of peripheral neuropathies.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Although expressed in Schwann cells, the role of p75 in myelination has remained unresolved in part because of its dual expression in sensory neurons that Schwann cells myelinate. When p75 was deleted selectively among Schwann cells, myelination was minimally affected, while sensory neuron survival was reduced by 30%. The phenotype is mainly due to dysregulation of cholesterol biosynthesis in p75-deficient Schwann cells, leading to an accumulation of neurotoxic cholesterol precursor, 7-dehydrocholesterol (7-DHC). Mechanism-wise, we discovered that in response to BDNF, p75 recruits and activates ErbB2 independently of ErbB3, thereby stimulating the master regulator, sterol regulatory element binding protein 2 (SREBP2). These results together highlight a novel role of p75 in Schwann cells in regulating DRG neuron survival by orchestrating proper cholesterol metabolism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rose M Follis
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232
| | - Chhavy Tep
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Pharmacology, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Thiago C Genaro-Mattos
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Arts and Sciences, Nashville, Tennessee 37232
| | - Mi Lyang Kim
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Pharmacology, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Jae Cheon Ryu
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Pharmacology, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Vivianne E Morrison
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232
| | - Jonah R Chan
- Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158
| | - Ned Porter
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Arts and Sciences, Nashville, Tennessee 37232
| | - Bruce D Carter
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232
| | - Sung Ok Yoon
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Pharmacology, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Tang T, Donnelly CR, Shah AA, Bradley RM, Mistretta CM, Pierchala BA. Cell non-autonomous requirement of p75 in the development of geniculate oral sensory neurons. Sci Rep 2020; 10:22117. [PMID: 33335119 PMCID: PMC7747618 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-78816-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
During development of the peripheral taste system, oral sensory neurons of the geniculate ganglion project via the chorda tympani nerve to innervate taste buds in fungiform papillae. Germline deletion of the p75 neurotrophin receptor causes dramatic axon guidance and branching deficits, leading to a loss of geniculate neurons. To determine whether the developmental functions of p75 in geniculate neurons are cell autonomous, we deleted p75 specifically in Phox2b + oral sensory neurons (Phox2b-Cre; p75fx/fx) or in neural crest-derived cells (P0-Cre; p75fx/fx) and examined geniculate neuron development. In germline p75-/- mice half of all geniculate neurons were lost. The proportion of Phox2b + neurons, as compared to Phox2b-pinna-projecting neurons, was not altered, indicating that both populations were affected similarly. Chorda tympani nerve recordings demonstrated that p75-/- mice exhibit profound deficits in responses to taste and tactile stimuli. In contrast to p75-/- mice, there was no loss of geniculate neurons in either Phox2b-Cre; p75fx/fx or P0-Cre; p75fx/fx mice. Electrophysiological analyses demonstrated that Phox2b-Cre; p75fx/fx mice had normal taste and oral tactile responses. There was a modest but significant loss of fungiform taste buds in Phox2b-Cre; p75fx/fx mice, although there was not a loss of chemosensory innervation of the remaining fungiform taste buds. Overall, these data suggest that the developmental functions of p75 are largely cell non-autonomous and require p75 expression in other cell types of the chorda tympani circuit.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Tang
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology & Physiology, Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, 320 West 15th Street, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Christopher R Donnelly
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
- Center for Translational Pain Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Amol A Shah
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Robert M Bradley
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Charlotte M Mistretta
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Brian A Pierchala
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology & Physiology, Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, 320 West 15th Street, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Abstract
Primary nociceptors are a heterogeneous class of peripheral somatosensory neurons, responsible for detecting noxious, pruriceptive, and thermal stimuli. These neurons are further divided into several molecularly defined subtypes that correlate with their functional sensory modalities and morphological features. During development, all nociceptors arise from a common pool of embryonic precursors, and then segregate progressively into their mature specialized phenotypes. In this review, we summarize the intrinsic transcriptional programs and extrinsic trophic factor signaling mechanisms that interact to control nociceptor diversification. We also discuss how recent transcriptome profiling studies have significantly advanced the field of sensory neuron development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Suna L Cranfill
- Department of Neuroscience, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Wenqin Luo
- Department of Neuroscience, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Qin Z, Gonsalvez DG, Wood RJ, Daemi F, Yoo S, Ivanusic JJ, Coulson EJ, Murray SS, Xiao J. Partial deletion of p75 NTR in large-diameter DRG neurons exerts no influence upon the survival of peripheral sensory neurons in vivo. J Neurosci Res 2020; 98:1987-1998. [PMID: 32585763 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.24665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Revised: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR ) is required for maintaining peripheral sensory neuron survival and function; however, the underlying cellular mechanism remains unclear. The general view is that expression of p75NTR by the neuron itself is required for maintaining sensory neuron survival and myelination in the peripheral nervous system (PNS). Adopting a neuronal-specific conditional knockout strategy, we demonstrate the partial depletion of p75NTR in neurons exerts little influence upon maintaining sensory neuron survival and peripheral nerve myelination in health and after demyelinating neuropathy. Our data show that the density and total number of dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons in 2-month-old mice is not affected following the deletion of p75NTR in large-diameter myelinating neurons, as assessed by stereology. Adopting experimental autoimmune neuritis induced in adult male mice, an animal model of demyelinating peripheral neuropathy, we identify that deleting p75NTR in myelinating neurons exerts no influence upon the disease progression, the total number of DRG neurons, and the extent of myelin damage in the sciatic nerve, indicating that the expression of neuronal p75NTR is not essential for maintaining peripheral neuron survival and myelination after a demyelinating insult in vivo. Together, results of this study suggest that the survival and myelination of peripheral sensory neurons is independent of p75NTR expressed by a subtype of neurons in vivo. Thus, our findings provide new insights into the mechanism underpinning p75NTR -mediated neuronal survival in the PNS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zuoheng Qin
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - David G Gonsalvez
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Rhiannon J Wood
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Fatemeh Daemi
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Sangwon Yoo
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Jason J Ivanusic
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Elizabeth J Coulson
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Simon S Murray
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Junhua Xiao
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Cheng I, Jin L, Rose LC, Deppmann CD. Temporally restricted death and the role of p75NTR as a survival receptor in the developing sensory nervous system. Dev Neurobiol 2018; 78:701-717. [PMID: 29569362 PMCID: PMC6023755 DOI: 10.1002/dneu.22591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2018] [Revised: 02/26/2018] [Accepted: 03/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The peripheral somatosensory system overproduces neurons early in development followed by a period of cell death during final target innervation. The decision to survive or die in somatosensory neurons of the dorsal root ganglion (DRG) is mediated by target-derived neurotrophic factors and their cognate receptors. Subsets of peripheral somatosensory neurons can be crudely defined by the neurotrophic receptors that they express: peptidergic nociceptors (TrkA+), nonpeptidergic nociceptors (Ret+), mechanoreceptors (Ret+ or TrkB+), and proprioceptors (TrkC+). A direct comparison of early developmental timing between these subsets has not been performed. Here we characterized the accumulation and death of TrkA, B, C, and Ret+ neurons in the DRG as a function of developmental time. We find that TrkB, TrkC, and Ret-expressing neurons in the DRG complete developmental cell death prior to TrkA-expressing neurons. Given the broadly defined roles of the neurotrophin receptor p75NTR in augmenting neurotrophic signaling in sensory neurons, we investigated its role in supporting the survival of these distinct subpopulations. We find that TrkA+, TrkB+, and TrkC+ sensory neuron subpopulations require p75NTR for survival, but proliferating progenitors do not. These data demonstrate how diverging sensory neurons undergo successive waves of cell death and how p75NTR represses the magnitude, but not developmental window of this culling. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Develop Neurobiol 78: 701-717, 2018.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Irene Cheng
- Department of Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA
| | - Lucy Jin
- Department of Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA
| | - Lucy C. Rose
- Department of Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA
| | - Christopher D. Deppmann
- Department of Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Chen Z, Donnelly CR, Dominguez B, Harada Y, Lin W, Halim AS, Bengoechea TG, Pierchala BA, Lee KF. p75 Is Required for the Establishment of Postnatal Sensory Neuron Diversity by Potentiating Ret Signaling. Cell Rep 2018; 21:707-720. [PMID: 29045838 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2017.09.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2016] [Revised: 07/14/2017] [Accepted: 09/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Producing the neuronal diversity required to adequately discriminate all elements of somatosensation is a complex task during organogenesis. The mechanisms guiding this process during dorsal root ganglion (DRG) sensory neuron specification remain poorly understood. Here, we show that the p75 neurotrophin receptor interacts with Ret and its GFRα co-receptor upon stimulation with glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF). Furthermore, we demonstrate that p75 is required for GDNF-mediated Ret activation, survival, and cell surface localization of Ret in DRG neurons. In mice in which p75 is deleted specifically within sensory neurons beginning at E12.5, we observe that approximately 20% of neurons are lost between P14 and adulthood, and these losses selectively occur within a subpopulation of Ret+ nonpeptidergic nociceptors, with neurons expressing low levels of Ret impacted most heavily. These results suggest that p75 is required for the development of the nonpeptidergic nociceptor lineage by fine-tuning Ret-mediated trophic support.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhijiang Chen
- The Salk Institute, Peptide Biology Laboratories, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Christopher R Donnelly
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Bertha Dominguez
- The Salk Institute, Peptide Biology Laboratories, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Yoshinobu Harada
- The Salk Institute, Peptide Biology Laboratories, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; National Institute of Radiological Sciences and National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba 243-8555, Japan
| | - Weichun Lin
- UT Southwestern Medical Center, Neuroscience, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Alan S Halim
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Tasha G Bengoechea
- The Salk Institute, Peptide Biology Laboratories, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Brian A Pierchala
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
| | - Kuo-Fen Lee
- The Salk Institute, Peptide Biology Laboratories, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Gonsalvez DG, Tran G, Fletcher JL, Hughes RA, Hodgkinson S, Wood RJ, Yoo SW, De Silva M, Agnes WW, McLean C, Kennedy P, Kilpatrick TJ, Murray SS, Xiao J. A Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor-Based p75 NTR Peptide Mimetic Ameliorates Experimental Autoimmune Neuritis Induced Axonal Pathology and Demyelination. eNeuro 2017; 4:ENEURO.0142-17.2017. [PMID: 28680965 PMCID: PMC5496185 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0142-17.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2017] [Revised: 06/15/2017] [Accepted: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Axonal damage and demyelination are major determinants of disability in patients with peripheral demyelinating neuropathies. The neurotrophin family of growth factors are essential for the normal development and myelination of the peripheral nervous system (PNS), and as such are potential therapeutic candidates for ameliorating axonal and myelin damage. In particular, BDNF promotes peripheral nerve myelination via p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR) receptors. Here, we investigated the therapeutic efficacy of a small structural mimetic of the region of BDNF that binds to p75NTR (cyclo-dPAKKR) in experimental autoimmune neuritis (EAN), an established animal model of peripheral demyelinating neuropathy. Examination of rodents induced with EAN revealed that p75NTR is abundantly expressed in affected peripheral nerves. We found that systemic administration of cyclo-dPAKKR ameliorates EAN disease severity and accelerates recovery. Animals treated with cyclo-dPAKKR displayed significantly better motor performance compared to control animals. Histological assessment revealed that cyclo-dPAKKR administration limits the extent of inflammatory demyelination and axonal damage, and protects against the disruption of nodal architecture in affected peripheral nerves. In contrast, a structural control peptide of cyclo-dPAKKR exerted no influence. Moreover, all the beneficial effects of cyclo-dPAKKR in EAN are abrogated in p75NTR heterozygous mice, strongly suggesting a p75NTR-dependent effect. Taken together, our data demonstrate that cyclo-dPAKKR ameliorates functional and pathological defects of EAN in a p75NTR-dependant manner, suggesting that p75NTR is a therapeutic target to consider for future treatment of peripheral demyelinating diseases and targeting of p75NTR is a strategy worthy of further investigation.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor/metabolism
- Animals
- Axons/drug effects
- Axons/pathology
- Axons/ultrastructure
- Demyelinating Diseases/drug therapy
- Demyelinating Diseases/etiology
- Disease Models, Animal
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation/drug effects
- Gene Expression Regulation/genetics
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Microscopy, Confocal
- Microscopy, Electron, Transmission
- Myelin Basic Protein/metabolism
- Neuritis, Autoimmune, Experimental/complications
- Neuritis, Autoimmune, Experimental/genetics
- Neuritis, Autoimmune, Experimental/pathology
- Oligopeptides/therapeutic use
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Rats
- Rats, Inbred Lew
- Receptors, Nerve Growth Factor/chemistry
- Receptors, Nerve Growth Factor/genetics
- Receptors, Nerve Growth Factor/metabolism
- Receptors, Nerve Growth Factor/therapeutic use
- Statistics, Nonparametric
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David G. Gonsalvez
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, The University of Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Giang Tran
- Liverpool Hospital, The University of New South Wales, NSW 2170, Australia
| | - Jessica L. Fletcher
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, The University of Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Richard A. Hughes
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, The University of Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Suzanne Hodgkinson
- Liverpool Hospital, The University of New South Wales, NSW 2170, Australia
| | - Rhiannon J. Wood
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, The University of Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Sang Won Yoo
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, The University of Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Mithraka De Silva
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, The University of Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Wong W. Agnes
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, The University of Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Catriona McLean
- Victorian Neuromuscular Laboratory Services, Alfred Health, VIC 3004, Australia
| | - Paul Kennedy
- Victorian Neuromuscular Laboratory Services, Alfred Health, VIC 3004, Australia
| | - Trevor J. Kilpatrick
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, The University of Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Simon S. Murray
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, The University of Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Junhua Xiao
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, The University of Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Poser R, Dokter M, von Bohlen Und Halbach V, Berger SM, Busch R, Baldus M, Unsicker K, von Bohlen Und Halbach O. Impact of a deletion of the full-length and short isoform of p75NTR on cholinergic innervation and the population of postmitotic doublecortin positive cells in the dentate gyrus. Front Neuroanat 2015; 9:63. [PMID: 26074780 PMCID: PMC4444824 DOI: 10.3389/fnana.2015.00063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2014] [Accepted: 05/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Analyses of mice carrying a deletion of the pan-neurotrophin receptor p75NTR have allowed identifying p75NTR as an important structural regulator of the hippocampus. Most of the previous analyses were done using p75NTR (ExIII) knockout mice which still express the short isoform of p75NTR. To scrutinize the role of p75NTR in the hippocampus, we analyzed adult and aged p75NTR (ExIV) knockout mice, in which both, the short and the full-length isoform are deleted. Deletion of these isoforms induced morphological alterations in the adult dentate gyrus (DG), leading to an increase in the thickness of the molecular and granular layer. Based on these observations, we next determined the morphological substrates that might contribute to this phenotype. The cholinergic innervation of the molecular and granular layer of the DG was found to be significantly increased in the knockout mice. Furthermore, adult neurogenesis in the DG was found to be significantly altered with increased numbers of doublecortin (DCX) positive cells and reduced numbers of apoptotic cells in p75NTR (ExIV) knockout mice. However, cell proliferation as measured by phosphohiston H3 (PH3) positive cell numbers was not affected. These morphological alterations (number of DCX-positive cells and increased cholinergic fiber densities) as well as reduced cell death in the DG are likely to contribute to the observed thickening of the granular layer in p75NTR (ExIV) knockout mice. In addition, Sholl-analysis of DCX-positive neurons revealed a higher dendritic complexity and could thus be a possible morphological correlate for the increased thickness of the molecular layer in p75NTR deficient animals. Our data clearly demonstrate that deletion of both, the short and the full-length isoform of p75NTR affects DG morphology, due to alterations of the cholinergic system and an imbalance between neurogenesis and programmed cell death within the subgranular zone.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robert Poser
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald Greifswald, Germany
| | - Martin Dokter
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald Greifswald, Germany
| | | | - Stefan M Berger
- Department of Molecular Biology, Central Institute of Mental Health and Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University Mannheim, Germany
| | - Ruben Busch
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald Greifswald, Germany
| | - Marian Baldus
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald Greifswald, Germany
| | - Klaus Unsicker
- Department of Molecular Embryology, Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Freiburg Freiburg, Germany
| | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Kraemer BR, Yoon SO, Carter BD. The biological functions and signaling mechanisms of the p75 neurotrophin receptor. Handb Exp Pharmacol 2014; 220:121-164. [PMID: 24668472 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-45106-5_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75(NTR)) regulates a wide range of cellular functions, including programmed cell death, axonal growth and degeneration, cell proliferation, myelination, and synaptic plasticity. The multiplicity of cellular functions governed by the receptor arises from the variety of ligands and co-receptors which associate with p75(NTR) and regulate its signaling. P75(NTR) promotes survival through interactions with Trk receptors, inhibits axonal regeneration via partnerships with Nogo receptor (Nogo-R) and Lingo-1, and promotes apoptosis through association with Sortilin. Signals downstream of these interactions are further modulated through regulated intramembrane proteolysis (RIP) of p75(NTR) and by interactions with numerous cytosolic partners. In this chapter, we discuss the intricate signaling mechanisms of p75(NTR), emphasizing how these signals are differentially regulated to mediate these diverse cellular functions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B R Kraemer
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, 625 Light Hall, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Ceni C, Unsain N, Zeinieh MP, Barker PA. Neurotrophins in the regulation of cellular survival and death. Handb Exp Pharmacol 2014; 220:193-221. [PMID: 24668474 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-45106-5_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The neurotrophins play crucial roles regulating survival and apoptosis in the developing and injured nervous system. The four neurotrophins exert profound and crucial survival effects on developing peripheral neurons, and their expression and action is intimately tied to successful innervation of peripheral targets. In the central nervous system, they are dispensable for neuronal survival during development but support neuronal survival after lesion or other forms of injury. Neurotrophins also regulate apoptosis of both peripheral and central neurons, and we now recognize that there are regulatory advantages to having the same molecules regulate life and death decisions. This chapter examines the biological contexts in which these events take place and highlights the specific ligands, receptors, and signaling mechanisms that allow them to occur.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claire Ceni
- Centre for Neuronal Survival, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, 3801 University Street, Montreal, QC, Canada, H3A 2B4
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Xiao J, Hughes RA, Lim JY, Wong AW, Ivanusic JJ, Ferner AH, Kilpatrick TJ, Murray SS. A small peptide mimetic of brain-derived neurotrophic factor promotes peripheral myelination. J Neurochem 2013; 125:386-98. [PMID: 23350698 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.12168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2012] [Revised: 01/22/2013] [Accepted: 01/22/2013] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The expression of the neurotrophins and their receptors is essential for peripheral nervous system development and myelination. We have previously demonstrated that brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) exerts contrasting influences upon Schwann cell myelination in vitro - promoting myelination via neuronally expressed p75NTR, but inhibiting myelination via neuronally expressed TrkB. We have generated a small peptide called cyclo-dPAKKR that structurally mimics the region of BDNF that binds p75NTR. Here, we have investigated whether utilizing cyclo-dPAKKR to selectively target p75NTR is an approach that could exert a unified promyelinating response. Like BDNF, cyclo-dPAKKR promoted myelination of nerve growth factor-dependent neurons in vitro, an effect dependent on the neuronal expression of p75NTR. Importantly, cyclo-dPAKKR also significantly promoted the myelination of tropomyosin-related kinase receptor B-expressing neurons in vitro, whereas BDNF exerted a significant inhibitory effect. This indicated that while BDNF exerted a contrasting influence upon the myelination of distinct subsets of dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons in vitro, cyclo-dPAKKR uniformly promoted their myelination. Local injection of cyclo-dPAKKR adjacent to the developing sciatic nerve in vivo significantly enhanced myelin protein expression and significantly increased the number of myelinated axons. These results demonstrate that cyclo-dPAKKR promotes peripheral myelination in vitro and in vivo, suggesting it is a strategy worthy of further investigation for the treatment of peripheral demyelinating diseases.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Animals
- Animals, Newborn
- Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor/chemistry
- Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor/pharmacology
- Cell Proliferation/drug effects
- Cells, Cultured
- Coculture Techniques
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Ganglia, Spinal/cytology
- Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental/drug effects
- Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental/genetics
- Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins/metabolism
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Myelin Sheath/drug effects
- Myelin Sheath/metabolism
- Neuregulins
- Neurons/drug effects
- Neurons/metabolism
- Peptides/pharmacology
- Rats
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Receptors, Nerve Growth Factor/deficiency
- Schwann Cells
- Sciatic Nerve/drug effects
- Sciatic Nerve/metabolism
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junhua Xiao
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Aebischer J, Sturny R, Andrieu D, Rieusset A, Schaller F, Geib S, Raoul C, Muscatelli F. Necdin protects embryonic motoneurons from programmed cell death. PLoS One 2011; 6:e23764. [PMID: 21912643 PMCID: PMC3166279 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0023764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2011] [Accepted: 07/25/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
NECDIN belongs to the type II Melanoma Associated Antigen Gene Expression gene family and is located in the Prader-Willi Syndrome (PWS) critical region. Necdin-deficient mice develop symptoms of PWS, including a sensory and motor deficit. However, the mechanisms underlying the motor deficit remain elusive. Here, we show that the genetic ablation of Necdin, whose expression is restricted to post-mitotic neurons in the spinal cord during development, leads to a loss of 31% of specified motoneurons. The increased neuronal loss occurs during the period of naturally-occurring cell death and is not confined to specific pools of motoneurons. To better understand the role of Necdin during the period of programmed cell death of motoneurons we used embryonic spinal cord explants and primary motoneuron cultures from Necdin-deficient mice. Interestingly, while Necdin-deficient motoneurons present the same survival response to neurotrophic factors, we demonstrate that deletion of Necdin leads to an increased susceptibility of motoneurons to neurotrophic factor deprivation. We show that by neutralizing TNFα this increased susceptibility of Necdin-deficient motoneurons to trophic factor deprivation can be reduced to the normal level. We propose that Necdin is implicated through the TNF-receptor 1 pathway in the developmental death of motoneurons.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julianne Aebischer
- Inserm-Avenir, Mediterranean Institute of Neurobiology, INMED, Marseille, France
- Université d'Aix-Marseille, Faculté des Sciences, Marseille, France
| | - Rachel Sturny
- Université d'Aix-Marseille, Faculté des Sciences, Marseille, France
- Developmental Biology Institute of Marseille Luminy, IBDML, Marseille, France
| | - David Andrieu
- Université d'Aix-Marseille, Faculté des Sciences, Marseille, France
- Inserm U901, Mediterranean Institute of Neurobiology, INMED, Campus scientifique de Luminy, Marseille, France
| | - Anne Rieusset
- Université d'Aix-Marseille, Faculté des Sciences, Marseille, France
- Inserm U901, Mediterranean Institute of Neurobiology, INMED, Campus scientifique de Luminy, Marseille, France
| | - Fabienne Schaller
- Université d'Aix-Marseille, Faculté des Sciences, Marseille, France
- Inserm U901, Mediterranean Institute of Neurobiology, INMED, Campus scientifique de Luminy, Marseille, France
| | - Sandrine Geib
- Université d'Aix-Marseille, Faculté des Sciences, Marseille, France
- Inserm U901, Mediterranean Institute of Neurobiology, INMED, Campus scientifique de Luminy, Marseille, France
| | - Cédric Raoul
- Inserm-Avenir, Mediterranean Institute of Neurobiology, INMED, Marseille, France
- Université d'Aix-Marseille, Faculté des Sciences, Marseille, France
| | - Françoise Muscatelli
- Université d'Aix-Marseille, Faculté des Sciences, Marseille, France
- Inserm U901, Mediterranean Institute of Neurobiology, INMED, Campus scientifique de Luminy, Marseille, France
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
NRAGE, a p75NTR adaptor protein, is required for developmental apoptosis in vivo. Cell Death Differ 2008; 15:1921-9. [PMID: 18772898 DOI: 10.1038/cdd.2008.127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
NRAGE (also known as Maged1, Dlxin) is a member of the MAGE gene family that may play a role in the neuronal apoptosis that is regulated by the p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR). To test this hypothesis in vivo, we generated NRAGE knockout mice and found that NRAGE deletion caused a defect in developmental apoptosis of sympathetic neurons of the superior cervical ganglia, similar to that observed in p75NTR knockout mice. Primary sympathetic neurons derived from NRAGE knockout mice were resistant to apoptosis induced by brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), a pro-apoptotic p75NTR ligand, and NRAGE-deficient sympathetic neurons show attenuated BDNF-dependent JNK activation. Hair follicle catagen is an apoptosis-like process that is dependent on p75NTR signaling; we show that NRAGE and p75NTR show regulated co-expression in the hair follicle and that identical defects in hair follicle catagen are present in NRAGE and p75NTR knockout mice. Interestingly, NRAGE knockout mice have severe defects in motoneuron apoptosis that are not observed in p75NTR knockout animals, raising the possibility that NRAGE may facilitate apoptosis induced by receptors other than p75NTR. Together, these studies demonstrate that NRAGE plays an important role in apoptotic-signaling in vivo.
Collapse
|
17
|
Wong AW, Willingham M, Xiao J, Kilpatrick TJ, Murray SS. Neurotrophin receptor homolog-2 regulates nerve growth factor signaling. J Neurochem 2008; 106:1964-76. [PMID: 18624909 DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.2008.05539.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The neurotrophin receptor homolog (NRH2) is closely related to the p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR); however, its function and role in neurotrophin signaling are unclear. NRH2 does not bind to nerve growth factor (NGF), however, is able to form a receptor complex with tropomyosin-related kinase receptor A (TrkA) and to generate high-affinity NGF binding sites. Despite this, the mechanisms underpinning the interaction between NRH2 and TrkA remain unknown. Here, we identify that the intracellular domain of NRH2 is required to form an association with TrkA. Our data suggest extensive intracellular interaction between NRH2 and TrkA, as either the juxtamembrane or death domain regions of NRH2 are sufficient for interaction with TrkA. In addition, we demonstrate that TrkA signaling is dramatically influenced by the co-expression of NRH2. Importantly, NRH2 did not influence all downstream TrkA signaling pathways, but rather exerted a specific effect, enhancing src homology 2 domain-containing transforming protein (Shc) activation. Moreover, downstream of Shc, the co-expression of NRH2 resulted in TrkA specifically modulating mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway activation, but not the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt pathway. These results indicate that NRH2 utilizes intracellular mechanisms to not only regulate NGF binding to TrkA, but also specifically modulate TrkA receptor signaling, thus adding further layers of complexity and specificity to neurotrophin signaling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Agnes W Wong
- Neurotrophin Signaling Laboratory, The Centre for Neuroscience, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Kendall SE, Ryczko MC, Mehan M, Verdi JM. Characterization of NADE, NRIF and SC-1 gene expression during mouse neurogenesis. BRAIN RESEARCH. DEVELOPMENTAL BRAIN RESEARCH 2003; 144:151-8. [PMID: 12935912 DOI: 10.1016/s0165-3806(03)00166-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR) is a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily. p75NTR signaling events have been implicated in both cell cycle arrest and apoptosis depending on which effector molecules are associated with its intracellular domain after ligand binding. Two such effector proteins, p75NTR-associated cell death executor (NADE) and neurotrophin receptor interacting factor (NRIF) promote p75NTR-mediated apoptosis, whereas Schwann cell factor-1 (SC-1) mediates neurotrophin-dependent withdrawal from the cell cycle. An understanding of the expression profiles of these three interacting proteins and p75NTR during embryogenesis is critical for addressing whether these effector proteins might function outside of p75NTR-mediated signaling events. The distribution of NADE, NRIF and SC-1 mRNAs during murine development suggests that the action of these genes is in fact not limited to regions of p75NTR expression. Specifically, a detailed comparison of the spatial and temporal expression domains of NADE, NRIF and SC-1 during brain development revealed regions of co-expression with p75NTR but also illustrates a distinct and discordant spatial and temporal expression. These results yield novel insights into the unique developmental characteristics of the three p75NTR-interacting proteins, thus revealing their diverse signaling potential during embryonic development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephen E Kendall
- The Center of Regenerative Medicine, The Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Maine Medical Center Research Institute, 81 Research Drive, Scarborough, ME 04074, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Hannila SS, Kawaja MD. Distribution of central sensory axons in transgenic mice overexpressing nerve growth factor and lacking functional p75 neurotrophin receptor expression. Eur J Neurosci 2003; 18:312-22. [PMID: 12887413 DOI: 10.1046/j.1460-9568.2003.02752.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
This study examined the roles of nerve growth factor (NGF) and the p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR) in the growth of dorsal root ganglion (DRG) central processes in the dorsal horn. Two genetically modified mouse strains were used: transgenic mice that overexpress NGF in the CNS under the control of the glial fibrillary acidic protein promoter, and p75NTR exon III null mutant mice that express a hypomorphic form of this receptor. In both NGF transgenic and nontransgenic mice with hypomorphic expression of p75NTR, there is a significant loss of DRG neurons compared to mice with normal p75NTR expression. This reduction in neuron number has been shown to underlie a corresponding decrease in peripheral nociceptive sensory innervation. Within the CNS, however, nociceptive innervation of the dorsal horn appears to be unaffected by hypomorphic expression of p75NTR. Comparisons of calcitonin gene-related peptide immunoreactivity in the dorsal horn revealed that the area occupied by DRG central processes was not significantly different between p75NTR hypomorphic mice and wild-type siblings, or between NGF transgenic mice with either hypomorphic or normal expression of p75NTR. We propose that DRG central processes arborize extensively in both NGF-transgenic and nontransgenic p75NTR hypomorphic mice in order to compensate for the loss of DRG neurons and restore dorsal horn innervation to normal levels. We also present evidence suggesting that NGF plays only a minor role in the growth of DRG central processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sari S Hannila
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Queen's University, Botterell Hall, Kingston, Ontario, Canada K7L 3N6
| | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Sørensen B, Tandrup T, Koltzenburg M, Jakobsen J. No further loss of dorsal root ganglion cells after axotomy in p75 neurotrophin receptor knockout mice. J Comp Neurol 2003; 459:242-50. [PMID: 12655507 DOI: 10.1002/cne.10625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The role of the p75 neurotrophin receptor for neuronal survival after nerve crush was studied in L5 dorsal root ganglia (DRG) of knockout mice and controls with assumption-free stereological methods. Numbers of neuronal A- and B-cells were obtained using the optical fractionator and optical disector techniques. At birth, the total number of DRG neurons was 10,000 +/- 2,600 in control mice compared with 5,100 +/- 1,300 in p75 knockout mice. During postnatal development, 1,400 neuronal B-cell bodies were lost in p75 knockouts (2P < 0.05) and 1,100 in controls (NS), whereas the A-cell population remained stable. After a sciatic nerve crush, the total neuron loss in controls was 15.4% +/- 3.5% (2P < 0.05) and 22.7% +/- 5.1% (2P < 0.05) at days 14 and 42, respectively. In contrast, there was no loss in total number of neurons after crush in p75 knockout mice. Neuronal A-cell number was unchanged after the crush in p75 knockouts as well as in controls at both times. At 14 days, the population of B-cells was reduced by 24.8% +/- 3.6% in controls and by 6.1% +/- 3.5% in p75 knockouts, this difference being significant (2P < 0.001). At 42 days, the B-cell loss was 29.6% +/- 5.5% in controls and 4.2% +/- 6.4% in p75 knockouts (2P < 0.001). In conclusion, the lack of the p75 receptor results in neuronal DRG cells that are resistant to nerve injury, pointing to a role for the receptor in apoptosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bodil Sørensen
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Aarhus, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Ono T, Fischer-Hansen B, Nolting D, KjÆr I. Nerve Growth Factor Receptor Immunolocalization During Human Palate and Tongue Development. Cleft Palate Craniofac J 2003. [DOI: 10.1597/1545-1569(2003)040<0116:ngfrid>2.0.co;2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
|
22
|
Ono T, Fischer-Hansen B, Nolting D, Kjaer I. Nerve growth factor receptor immunolocalization during human palate and tongue development. Cleft Palate Craniofac J 2003; 40:116-25. [PMID: 12605516 DOI: 10.1597/1545-1569_2003_040_0116_ngfrid_2.0.co_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the temporospatial pattern of nerve growth factor receptor (NGFR) immunolocalization during human palatal closure. MATERIALS Human palate and tongue tissues from 33 embryos/fetuses, 9 to 22 weeks of fertilization age. METHODS Tissues were divided according to developmental stage and palatal development (before, during, and after closure) and then subjected to decalcification, paraffin embedding, serial sectioning, survey staining, and p75NGFR immunohistochemical staining. RESULTS Specific temporospatial patterns of p75NGFR reactivity were observed; reactivity was intense in the soft tissue palatal shelves before and during palatal closure and was weaker in the palate after palatal closure. In the tongue, intense reactivity was seen throughout 9 to 22 weeks. CONCLUSION The observed patterns suggest that p75NGFR may enable the visualization of physiological events in palatal closure during normal human development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Ono
- Maxillofacial Orthognathics, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Murray SS, Cheema SS. Constitutive expression of the low-affinity neurotrophin receptor and changes during axotomy-induced death of sensory neurones in the neonatal rat dorsal root ganglion. J Anat 2003; 202:227-38. [PMID: 12647872 PMCID: PMC1571072 DOI: 10.1046/j.1469-7580.2003.00151.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Sensory neurones in the dorsal root ganglion (DRG) of the neonatal rat express the 75-kDa low-affinity neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR) and these neurones degenerate rapidly after axotomy. p75NTR belongs to the tumour necrosis factor superfamily, several members of which have a role in cell death and it is constitutively expressed within a subpopulation of DRG neurones. p75NTR has been implicated in mediating the degeneration of these neurones after axotomy. In this study, we characterize the expression of p75NTR in sensory neurones of the newborn rat DRG using immunohistochemistry. Furthermore, we investigate the change in constitutive expression pattern of p75NTR in these neurones following axotomy. In the C7 and C8 DRG of the newborn rat, p75NTR is expressed in approximately 70% of DRG neurones. Those expressing p75NTR can be classified into subpopulations with moderate or intense p75NTR expression, each present in approximately equal proportions. Whilst p75NTR expression is observed in neurones throughout the entire neuronal diameter range, a correlation exists between neuronal diameter and p75NTR expression intensity. We also found that the most vulnerable population following axotomy were those sensory neurones which constitutively express the highest levels of p75NTR, i.e. the large-diameter neurones.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simon S Murray
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, PO Box 13C, Monash University, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Kendall SE, Goldhawk DE, Kubu C, Barker PA, Verdi JM. Expression analysis of a novel p75(NTR) signaling protein, which regulates cell cycle progression and apoptosis. Mech Dev 2002; 117:187-200. [PMID: 12204258 DOI: 10.1016/s0925-4773(02)00204-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Neurotrophin receptor-interacting MAGE (NRAGE) is the most recently identified p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75(NTR)) intracellular binding protein. Previously, NRAGE over-expression was shown to mediate cell cycle arrest and facilitate nerve growth factor (NGF) dependent apoptosis of sympathetic neuroblasts in a p75(NTR) specific manner. Here we have examined the temporal and spatial expression patterns of NRAGE over the course of murine embryogenesis to determine whether NRAGE's expression is consistent with its proposed functions. We demonstrate that NRAGE mRNA and protein are expressed throughout embryonic and adult tissues. The mRNA is constitutively expressed within each tissue across development. However, expression of NRAGE protein displays a tight temporal tissue specific regulation. During early CNS development, NRAGE protein is expressed throughout the neural tube, but by later stages of neurogenesis, NRAGE protein is restricted within the ventricular zone, subplate and cortical plate. Moreover, NRAGE protein expression is limited to proliferative neural subpopulations as we fail to detect NRAGE expression co-localized with mature/differentiation associated neuronal markers. Interestingly, NRAGE's expression is not restricted solely to areas of p75(NTR) expression suggesting that NRAGE may mediate proliferation and/or apoptosis from other environmental signals in addition to NGF within the CNS. Our data support previously characterized roles for NRAGE as a mediator of precursor apoptosis and a repressor of cell cycle progression in neural development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephen E Kendall
- The Laboratory of Neural Stem Cell Biology, The John P Robarts Research Institute, 100 Perth Drive, London, Ontario, Canada N6A 5K8
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Krol KM, Stein EJ, Elliott J, Kawaja MD. TrkA-expressing trigeminal sensory neurons display both neurochemical and structural plasticity despite a loss of p75NTR function: responses to normal and elevated levels of nerve growth factor. Eur J Neurosci 2001. [DOI: 10.1046/j.1460-9568.2001.01358.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
|
26
|
Krol KM, Stein EJ, Elliott J, Kawaja MD. TrkA-expressing trigeminal sensory neurons display both neurochemical and structural plasticity despite a loss of p75 NTRfunction: responses to normal and elevated levels of nerve growth factor. Eur J Neurosci 2001. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1460-9568.2001.01358.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
27
|
Coulson EJ, Reid K, Bartlett PF. Signaling of neuronal cell death by the p75NTR neurotrophin receptor. Mol Neurobiol 1999; 20:29-44. [PMID: 10595871 DOI: 10.1007/bf02741363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR) is best known for mediating tropic support by participating in the formation of high-affinity nerve growth factor (NGF) receptor complexes with trkA, however, p75NTR more recently has been shown to act as a bona fide death-signaling receptor, which can signal independently of trkA. This article discusses the evidence for an active role of p75NTR in neuronal cell death and the mechanisms controlling this process, including roles for Bcl-2 family members, the c-jun stress kinase JNK, the transcription factor nuclear factor kappa B (NFkappaB), and caspases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E J Coulson
- Development and Neurobiology Group, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, PO The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Australia
| | | | | |
Collapse
|