1
|
Catarino JDS, de Oliveira RF, Silva MV, Sales-Campos H, de Vito FB, da Silva DAA, Naves LL, Oliveira CJF, Rodrigues DBR, Rodrigues V. Genetic variation of FcγRIIa induces higher uptake of Leishmania infantum and modulates cytokine production by adherent mononuclear cells in vitro. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1343602. [PMID: 38455048 PMCID: PMC10917923 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1343602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Single nucleotide variations (SNVs) are specific genetic variations that commonly occur in a population and often do not manifest phenotypically. However, depending on their location and the type of nucleotide exchanged, an SNV can alter or inhibit the function of the gene in which it occurs. Immunoglobulin G (IgG) receptor genes have exhibited several polymorphisms, including rs1801274, which is found in the FcgRIIa gene. The replacement of A with T results in a Histidine (H) to Arginine (R) substitution, altering the affinity of the IgG receptor for IgG subtypes and C-reactive protein (CRP). In this study, we analyzed rs1801274 and its functional implications concerning L. Infantum uptake and cytokine production. Methods We genotyped 201 individuals from an endemic area for visceral leishmaniasis to assess the presence of rs1801274 using Taqman probes for a candidate gene study. Additionally, we included seventy individuals from a non-endemic area for a functional study. Subsequently, we isolated and cultivated one-week adherent mononuclear cells (AMCs) derived from the peripheral blood of participants residing in the non-endemic region in the presence of L. infantum promastigotes, with and without antigen-specific IgG and/or CRP. We analyzed the rate of phagocytosis and the production of nitric oxide (NO), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-a, interleukin (IL)-10, IL-12 p70, IL-1b, IL- 6, and IL-8 in the culture supernatants. Results and discussion In participants from the endemic region, the A/G (H/R isoform) heterozygous genotype was significantly associated with susceptibility to the disease. Furthermore, SNVs induced a change in the phagocytosis rate in an opsonin-dependent manner. Opsonization with IgG increased the production of IL-10, TNF-a, and IL-6 in AMCs with the H/R isoform, followed by a decrease in NO production. The results presented here suggest that the rs1801274 polymorphism is linked to a higher susceptibility to visceral leishmaniasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jonatas da Silva Catarino
- Laboratory of Immunology, Institute of Natural and Biological Sciences, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, MG, Brazil
| | - Rafael Faria de Oliveira
- Laboratory of Immunology, Institute of Natural and Biological Sciences, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, MG, Brazil
| | - Marcos Vinicius Silva
- Laboratory of Immunology, Institute of Natural and Biological Sciences, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, MG, Brazil
| | - Helioswilton Sales-Campos
- Laboratory of Immunology, Institute of Natural and Biological Sciences, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, MG, Brazil
- Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Bernadelli de Vito
- Laboratory of Immunology, Institute of Natural and Biological Sciences, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, MG, Brazil
| | - Djalma Alexandre Alves da Silva
- Laboratory of Immunology, Institute of Natural and Biological Sciences, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, MG, Brazil
| | - Lucila Langoni Naves
- Laboratory of Immunology, Institute of Natural and Biological Sciences, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, MG, Brazil
| | - Carlo José Freire Oliveira
- Laboratory of Immunology, Institute of Natural and Biological Sciences, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, MG, Brazil
| | - Denise Bertulucci Rocha Rodrigues
- Laboratory of Immunology, Institute of Natural and Biological Sciences, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, MG, Brazil
| | - Virmondes Rodrigues
- Laboratory of Immunology, Institute of Natural and Biological Sciences, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, MG, Brazil
- National Institute of Neuroimmuno Modulation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Kosanovich JL, Eichinger KM, Lipp MA, Gidwani SV, Brahmbhatt D, Yondola MA, Perkins TN, Empey KM. Exacerbated lung inflammation following secondary RSV exposure is CD4+ T cell-dependent and is not mitigated in infant BALB/c mice born to PreF-vaccinated dams. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1206026. [PMID: 37646035 PMCID: PMC10461110 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1206026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the leading cause of childhood hospitalizations due to bronchiolitis in children under 5 years of age. Moreover, severe RSV disease requiring hospitalization is associated with the subsequent development of wheezing and asthma. Due to the young age in which viral protection is needed and risk of vaccine enhanced disease following direct infant vaccination, current approaches aim to protect young children through maternal immunization strategies that boost neutralizing maternal antibody (matAb) levels. However, there is a scarcity of studies investigating the influence of maternal immunization on secondary immune responses to RSV in the offspring or whether the subsequent development of wheezing and asthma is mitigated. Toward this goal, our lab developed a murine model of maternal RSV vaccination and repeat RSV exposure to evaluate the changes in immune response and development of exacerbated lung inflammation on secondary RSV exposure in mice born to immunized dams. Despite complete protection following primary RSV exposure, offspring born to pre-fusion F (PreF)-vaccinated dams had exaggerated secondary ILC2 and Th2 responses, characterized by enhanced production of IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13. These enhanced type 2 cellular responses were associated with exaggerated airway eosinophilia and mucus hyperproduction upon re-exposure to RSV. Importantly, depletion of CD4+ T cells led to complete amelioration of the observed type 2 pathology on secondary RSV exposure. These unanticipated results highlight the need for additional studies that look beyond primary protection to better understand how maternal immunization shapes subsequent immune responses to repeat RSV exposure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica L. Kosanovich
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Katherine M. Eichinger
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Madeline A. Lipp
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | | | | | | | - Timothy N. Perkins
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Kerry M. Empey
- Department of Pharmacy and Therapeutics, University of Pittsburgh School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
- Center for Clinical Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Identifying differentially expressed genes and miRNAs in Kawasaki disease by bioinformatics analysis. Sci Rep 2022; 12:21879. [PMID: 36536067 PMCID: PMC9763244 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-26608-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Kawasaki disease (KD) is an acute systemic immune vasculitis caused by infection, and its etiology and underlying mechanisms are not completely clear. This study aimed to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) with diagnostic and treatment potential for KD using bioinformatics analysis. In this study, three KD datasets (GSE68004, GSE73461, GSE18606) were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Identification of DEGs between normal and KD whole blood was performed using the GEO2R online tool. Gene ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) functional enrichment analysis of DEGs was undertaken with Metascape. Analysis and visualization of protein-protein interaction networks (PPI) were carried out with STRING and Cytoscape. Lastly, miRNA-genes regulatory networks were built by Cytoscape to predict the underlying microRNAs (miRNAs) associated with DEGs. Overall, 269 DEGs were identified, including 230 up-regulated and 39 down-regulated genes. The enrichment functions and pathways of DEGs involve regulation of defense response, inflammatory response, response to bacterium, and T cell differentiation. KEGG analysis indicates that the genes were significantly enriched in Neutrophil extracellular trap formation, TNF signaling pathway, Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, and Primary immunodeficiency. After combining the results of the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network and CytoHubba, 9 hub genes were selected, including TLR8, ITGAX, HCK, LILRB2, IL1B, FCGR2A, S100A12, SPI1, and CD8A. Based on the DEGs-miRNAs network construction, 3 miRNAs including mir-126-3p, mir-375 and mir-146a-5p were determined to be potential key miRNAs. To summarize, a total of 269 DEGs, 9 hub genes and 3 miRNAs were identified, which could be considered as KD biomarkers. However, further studies are needed to clarify the biological roles of these genes in KD.
Collapse
|
4
|
He J, Yu L, Qiao Z, Yu B, Liu Y, Ren H. Genetic polymorphisms of FCGR2A, ORAI1 and CD40 are associated with risk of lung cancer. Eur J Cancer Prev 2022; 31:7-13. [PMID: 34871197 DOI: 10.1097/cej.0000000000000671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
FCGR2A, ORAI1 and CD40 are all involved in the immune and inflammatory responses in the human body, whereas its association with lung cancer is still unclear. This study aimed to investigate the effects of polymorphisms in these genes on the susceptibility to lung cancer. Six candidate single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were genotyped using a MassARRAY platform in a discovery cohort, including 400 lung cancer patients and 400 healthy controls, and validated in a replication cohort, including 529 lung cancer cases and 532 controls. Comparing the allele frequency distributions, we found that the rs1801274-G, rs511278-T and rs1883832-T were risk alleles for lung cancer (P < 0.05), whereas the minor allele of rs12320939-T was a protective allele for the disease (P = 0.037). Comparing the genotype frequency distributions, we found that rs1801274-GG, rs511278-CT and of rs1883832-TT were risk genotype for lung cancer (P < 0.05). Genetic model analysis showed that the rs1801274 A>G was correlated with an elevated risk of lung cancer in recessive and log-additive models (P < 0.05); rs511278 C>T exhibited an increased risk of disease in dominant and log-additive models (P < 0.05); rs1883832 C>T had a strong relationship with risk of disease in all three models (P < 0.001), whereas rs12320939 G>T was correlated to a reduced risk of disease in recessive and log-additive models (P < 0.05). Finally, the association between the above SNPs and lung cancer risk was validated in a replication cohort (P < 0.05). These results shed new light on the association between immune-related genes and risk of lung cancer, and might be useful for the identification of high-risk individuals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinxi He
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
| | - Liang Yu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
| | - Zhixiong Qiao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
| | - Bo Yu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
| | - Hong Ren
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Mosser DM, Hamidzadeh K, Goncalves R. Macrophages and the maintenance of homeostasis. Cell Mol Immunol 2020; 18:579-587. [PMID: 32934339 PMCID: PMC7491045 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-020-00541-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 165] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
There have been many chapters written about macrophage polarization. These chapters generally focus on the role of macrophages in orchestrating immune responses by highlighting the T-cell-derived cytokines that shape these polarizing responses. This bias toward immunity is understandable, given the importance of macrophages to host defense. However, macrophages are ubiquitous and are involved in many different cellular processes, and describing them as immune cells is undoubtedly an oversimplification. It disregards their important roles in development, tissue remodeling, wound healing, angiogenesis, and metabolism, to name just a few processes. In this chapter, we propose that macrophages function as transducers in the body. According to Wikipedia, “A transducer is a device that converts energy from one form to another.” The word transducer is a term used to describe both the “sensor,” which can interpret a wide range of energy forms, and the “actuator,” which can switch voltages or currents to affect the environment. Macrophages are able to sense a seemingly endless variety of inputs from their environment and transduce these inputs into a variety of different response outcomes. Thus, rather than functioning as immune cells, they should be considered more broadly as cellular transducers that interpret microenvironmental changes and actuate vital tissue responses. In this chapter, we will describe some of the sensory stimuli that macrophages perceive and the responses they make to these stimuli to achieve their prime directive, which is the maintenance of homeostasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David M Mosser
- The Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, The University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA.
| | - Kajal Hamidzadeh
- The Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, The University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | - Ricardo Goncalves
- The Department of General Pathology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
A Fish Leukocyte Immune-Type Receptor Uses a Novel Intracytoplasmic Tail Networking Mechanism to Cross-Inhibit the Phagocytic Response. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21145146. [PMID: 32708174 PMCID: PMC7404264 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21145146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Revised: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) leukocyte immune-type receptors (IpLITRs) are a family of immunoregulatory proteins shown to regulate several innate immune cell effector responses, including phagocytosis. The precise mechanisms of IpLITR-mediated regulation of the phagocytic process are not entirely understood, but we have previously shown that different IpLITR-types use classical as well as novel pathways for controlling immune cell-mediated target engulfment. To date, all functional assessments of IpLITR-mediated regulatory actions have focused on the independent characterization of select IpLITR-types in transfected cells. As members of the immunoglobulin superfamily, many IpLITRs share similar extracellular Ig-like domains, thus it is possible that various IpLITR actions are influenced by cross-talk mechanisms between different IpLITR-types; analogous to the paired innate receptor paradigm in mammals. Here, we describe in detail the co-expression of different IpLITR-types in the human embryonic AD293 cell line and examination of their receptor cross-talk mechanisms during the regulation of the phagocytic response using imaging flow cytometry, confocal microscopy, and immunoprecipitation protocols. Overall, our data provides interesting new insights into the integrated control of phagocytosis via the antagonistic networking of independent IpLITR-types that requires the selective recruitment of inhibitory signaling molecules for the initiation and sustained cross-inhibition of phagocytosis.
Collapse
|
7
|
Vargas-Hernández O, Ventura-Gallegos JL, Ventura-Ayala ML, Torres M, Zentella A, Pedraza-Sánchez S. THP-1 cells increase TNF-α production upon LPS + soluble human IgG co-stimulation supporting evidence for TLR4 and Fcγ receptors crosstalk. Cell Immunol 2020; 355:104146. [PMID: 32702524 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2020.104146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Revised: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of Gram-negative bacteria is recognized on human monocytes and macrophages by TLR4 and MD2 and induces the production of inflammatory cytokines; the LPS + IgG complexes co-stimulation increases the cytokine production, mediated by the Fc-γRIIa (CD32a). We stimulated human CD14 + monocytes or THP-1 cells with LPS or LPS + soluble human IgG (sIgG) and TNF-α transcription and production, assessed RT-qPCR, ELISA, or flow cytometry, was enhanced by 30% upon LPS + sIgG compared to LPS stimulation. LPS + sIgG co-stimulation affected the NF-κB pathway (p65 phosphorylation and nucleus translocation, and IkB- α degradation). The biochemical inhibition of IRAK 1/4 and Syk kinases suppressed the enhancer effect of LPS + sIgG on TNF- α production, suggesting the involvement of both MyD88 dependent and independent pathways. Our results suggest that during LPS activation, sIgG may participate in a TLR4 - Fc-γR crosstalk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Omar Vargas-Hernández
- Departamento de Medicina Genómica y Toxicología ambiental, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, UNAM, Mexico
| | - José Luis Ventura-Gallegos
- Departamento de Medicina Genómica y Toxicología ambiental, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, UNAM, Mexico
| | - María Laura Ventura-Ayala
- Unidad de Bioquímica, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán (INCMNSZ), Mexico
| | - Martha Torres
- Departamento de Investigación en Microbiología, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas (INER), Mexico
| | - Alejandro Zentella
- Departamento de Medicina Genómica y Toxicología ambiental, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, UNAM, Mexico; Unidad de Bioquímica, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán (INCMNSZ), Mexico
| | - Sigifredo Pedraza-Sánchez
- Unidad de Bioquímica, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán (INCMNSZ), Mexico.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Raggi F, Bosco MC. Targeting Mononuclear Phagocyte Receptors in Cancer Immunotherapy: New Perspectives of the Triggering Receptor Expressed on Myeloid Cells (TREM-1). Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12051337. [PMID: 32456204 PMCID: PMC7281211 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12051337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory cells are major players in the onset of cancer. The degree of inflammation and type of inflammatory cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME) are responsible for tilting the balance between tumor progression and regression. Cancer-related inflammation has also been shown to influence the efficacy of conventional therapy. Mononuclear phagocytes (MPs) represent a major component of the inflammatory circuit that promotes tumor progression. Despite their potential to activate immunosurveillance and exert anti-tumor responses, MPs are subverted by the tumor to support its growth, immune evasion, and spread. MP responses in the TME are dictated by a network of stimuli integrated through the cross-talk between activatory and inhibitory receptors. Alterations in receptor expression/signaling can create excessive inflammation and, when chronic, promote tumorigenesis. Research advances have led to the development of new therapeutic strategies aimed at receptor targeting to induce a tumor-infiltrating MP switch from a cancer-supportive toward an anti-tumor phenotype, demonstrating efficacy in different human cancers. This review provides an overview of the role of MP receptors in inflammation-mediated carcinogenesis and discusses the most recent updates regarding their targeting for immunotherapeutic purposes. We focus in particular on the TREM-1 receptor, a major amplifier of MP inflammatory responses, highlighting its relevance in the development and progression of several types of inflammation-associated malignancies and the promises of its inhibition for cancer immunotherapy.
Collapse
|
9
|
|
10
|
Baxter EW, Graham AE, Re NA, Carr IM, Robinson JI, Mackie SL, Morgan AW. Standardized protocols for differentiation of THP-1 cells to macrophages with distinct M(IFNγ+LPS), M(IL-4) and M(IL-10) phenotypes. J Immunol Methods 2020; 478:112721. [PMID: 32033786 DOI: 10.1016/j.jim.2019.112721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Revised: 12/01/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
In vitro models of differing macrophage functions are useful since human monocyte-derived macrophages are short-lived, finite and vary from donor to donor. Published protocols using the promonocytic cell line THP-1 have tended to result in cells that closely resemble classically-activated macrophages, differentiated in IFNγ and LPS. However, no protocol, to date, has fully recapitulated polarization of THP-1 to the M(IL-4) or M(IL-10) macrophage phenotypes seen when human monocyte-derived macrophages are exposed to each cytokine. Here we present protocols that can be used to prepare M(IL-4) polarized THP-1 that transcribe CCL17, CCL26, CD200R and MRC1 and M(IL-10) cells which transcribe CD163, C1QA and SEPP1. We show that the inhibitory Fcγ Receptor IIb is preferentially expressed on the surface of M(IL-4) cells, altering the balance of activating to inhibitory Fcγ Receptors. Adoption of standardized experimental conditions for macrophage polarization will make it easier to compare downstream effector functions of different macrophage polarization states, where the impact of PMA exposure is minimized and rest periods and cytokine exposure have been optimized.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E W Baxter
- Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK; NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
| | - A E Graham
- Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - N A Re
- Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - I M Carr
- Leeds Institute of Medical Research, School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - J I Robinson
- Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK; NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
| | - S L Mackie
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK; Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - A W Morgan
- Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK; NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Mahalingaiah PK, Ciurlionis R, Durbin KR, Yeager RL, Philip BK, Bawa B, Mantena SR, Enright BP, Liguori MJ, Van Vleet TR. Potential mechanisms of target-independent uptake and toxicity of antibody-drug conjugates. Pharmacol Ther 2019; 200:110-125. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2019.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 04/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
|
12
|
Bánki Z, Krabbendam L, Klaver D, Leng T, Kruis S, Mehta H, Müllauer B, Orth-Höller D, Stoiber H, Willberg CB, Klenerman P. Antibody opsonization enhances MAIT cell responsiveness to bacteria via a TNF-dependent mechanism. Immunol Cell Biol 2019; 97:538-551. [PMID: 30695101 PMCID: PMC6767153 DOI: 10.1111/imcb.12239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2018] [Revised: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells are an abundant human T-cell subset with antimicrobial properties. They can respond to bacteria presented via antigen-presenting cells (APCs) such as macrophages, which present bacterially derived ligands from the riboflavin synthesis pathway on MR1. Moreover, MAIT cells are also highly responsive to cytokines which enhance and even substitute for T-cell receptor-mediated signaling. The mechanisms leading to an efficient presentation of bacteria to MAIT cells by APCs have not been fully elucidated. Here, we showed that the monocytic cell line THP-1 and B cells activated MAIT cells differentially in response to Escherichia coli. THP-1 cells were generally more potent in inducing IFNγ and IFNγ/TNF production by MAIT cells. Furthermore, THP-1, but not B, cells produced TNF upon bacterial stimulation, which in turn supported IFNγ production by MAIT cells. Finally, we addressed the role of antibody-dependent opsonization of bacteria in the activation of MAIT cells using in vitro models. We found that opsonization had a substantial impact on downstream MAIT cell activation by monocytes. This was associated with enhanced activation of monocytes and increased TNF release. Importantly, this TNF acted in concert with other cytokines to drive MAIT cell activation. These data indicate both a significant interaction between adaptive and innate immunity in the response to bacteria, and an important role for TNF in MAIT cell triggering.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zoltán Bánki
- Division of Virology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Lisette Krabbendam
- Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Dominik Klaver
- Division of Virology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Tianqi Leng
- Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Simon Kruis
- Division of Virology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Hema Mehta
- Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Brigitte Müllauer
- Division of Virology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Dorothea Orth-Höller
- Division of Hygiene and Medical Microbiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Heribert Stoiber
- Division of Virology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | | | - Paul Klenerman
- Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Wongchana W, Kongkavitoon P, Tangtanatakul P, Sittplangkoon C, Butta P, Chawalitpong S, Pattarakankul T, Osborne BA, Palaga T. Notch signaling regulates the responses of lipopolysaccharide-stimulated macrophages in the presence of immune complexes. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0198609. [PMID: 29889863 PMCID: PMC5995379 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0198609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2017] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Macrophages exhibit diverse effector phenotypes depending on the stimuli and their microenvironment. Classically activated macrophages are primed with interferon (IFN)γ and stimulated with pathogen-associated molecular patterns. They produce inflammatory mediators and inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-12. In the presence of immune complexes (ICs), activated macrophages have decreased IL-12 production and increased IL-10 production and presumably act as regulatory macrophages. Notch signaling has been shown to regulate the effector functions of classically activated macrophages. In this study, we investigated whether Notch signaling is active in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated macrophages in the presence of ICs. LPS/IC stimulation increased the level of cleaved Notch1 in murine macrophages, while IC stimulation alone did not. Delta-like 4, but not Jagged1, was responsible for generating cleaved Notch1. The activation of Notch signaling by LPS/ICs depended upon NF-κB and MEK/Erk pathway activation. Macrophages with the targeted deletion of Rbpj, which encodes a DNA-binding protein central to canonical Notch signaling, produced significantly less IL-10 upon LPS/IC stimulation. A similar impact on IL-10 production was observed when Notch signaling was inhibited with a gamma-secretase inhibitor (GSI). Defects in NF-κB p50 nuclear localization were observed in GSI-treated macrophages and in Rbpj-/- macrophages, suggesting cross-regulation between the Notch and NF-κB pathways. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that Notch signaling regulates the transcription of genes involved in the cell cycle, macrophage activation, leukocyte migration and cytokine production in LPS/IC-stimulated macrophages. Taken together, these results suggest that the Notch signaling pathway plays an important role in regulating the functions of macrophages activated by LPS and ICs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wipawee Wongchana
- Graduate Program in Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Immunology and Immune-mediated Diseases, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Pornrat Kongkavitoon
- Center of Excellence in Immunology and Immune-mediated Diseases, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Pattarin Tangtanatakul
- Center of Excellence in Immunology and Immune-mediated Diseases, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Chutamath Sittplangkoon
- Graduate Program in Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Immunology and Immune-mediated Diseases, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Patcharavadee Butta
- Center of Excellence in Immunology and Immune-mediated Diseases, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Supatta Chawalitpong
- Graduate Program in Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Immunology and Immune-mediated Diseases, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Thitiporn Pattarakankul
- Center of Excellence in Immunology and Immune-mediated Diseases, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Barbara A. Osborne
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Massachusetts at Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Tanapat Palaga
- Center of Excellence in Immunology and Immune-mediated Diseases, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Omics Sciences & Bioinformatics Center, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Radwan WM, Khalifa KA, Esaily HA, Lashin NA. CD14++CD16+ monocyte subset expansion in rheumatoid arthritis patients: Relation to disease activity and interleukin-17. THE EGYPTIAN RHEUMATOLOGIST 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejr.2015.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|
15
|
Reusch D, Tejada ML. Fc glycans of therapeutic antibodies as critical quality attributes. Glycobiology 2015; 25:1325-34. [PMID: 26263923 PMCID: PMC4634315 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwv065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 276] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2015] [Accepted: 08/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Critical quality attributes (CQA) are physical, chemical, biological or microbiological properties or characteristics that must be within an appropriate limit, range or distribution to ensure the desired product quality, safety and efficacy. For monoclonal antibody therapeutics that rely on fraction crystalizable (Fc)-mediated effector function for their clinical activity, the terminal sugars of Fc glycans have been shown to be critical for safety or efficacy. Different glycosylation variants have also been shown to influence the pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic behavior while other Fc glycan structural elements may be involved in adverse immune reactions. This review focuses on the role of Fc glycans as CQAs. Fc glycan information from the published literature is summarized and evaluated for impact on patient safety, immunogenicity, bioactivity and pharmacodynamics/pharmacokinetics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dietmar Reusch
- Pharma Biotech Development Penzberg, Roche Diagnostics GmbH, Penzberg 82377, Germany
| | - Max L Tejada
- Biological Technologies, Genentech, CA 94080, USA
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Beryllium increases the CD14(dim)CD16+ subset in the lung of chronic beryllium disease. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0117276. [PMID: 25689051 PMCID: PMC4331542 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0117276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2014] [Accepted: 12/19/2014] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
CD14dimCD16+ and CD14brightCD16+ cells, which compose a minor population of monocytes in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), have been implicated in several inflammatory diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate whether this phenotype was present as a subset of lung infiltrative alveolar macrophages (AMs) in the granulomatous lung disease, chronic beryllium disease (CBD). The monocytes subsets was determined from PBMC cells and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) cells from CBD, beryllium sensitized Non-smoker (BeS-NS) and healthy subjects (HS) using flow cytometry. The impact of smoking on the AMs cell phenotype was determined by using BAL cells from BeS smokers (BeS-S). In comparison with the other monocyte subpopulations, CD14dimCD16+ cells were at decreased frequency in PBMCs of both BeS-NS and CBD and showed higher HLA-DR expression, compared to HS. The AMs from CBD and BeS-NS demonstrated a CD14dimCD16+phenotype, while CD14brightCD16+ cells were found at increased frequency in AMs of BeS, compared to HS. Fresh AMs from BeS-NS and CBD demonstrated significantly greater CD16, CD40, CD86 and HLA-DR than HS and BeS-S. The expression of CD16 on AMs from both CBD and BeS-NS was downregulated significantly after 10μM BeSO4 stimulation. The phagocytic activity of AMs decreased after 10μM BeSO4 treatment in both BeS-NS and CBD, although was altered or reduced in HS and BeS-S. These results suggest that Be increases the CD14dimCD16+ subsets in the lung of CBD subjects. We speculate that Be-stimulates the compartmentalization of a more mature CD16+ macrophage phenotype and that in turn these macrophages are a source of Th1 cytokines and chemokines that perpetuate the Be immune response in CBD. The protective effect of cigarette smoking in BeS-S may be due to the low expression of co-stimulatory markers on AMs from smokers as well as the decreased phagocytic function.
Collapse
|
17
|
Xiao W, Meng G, Zhao Y, Yuan H, Li T, Peng Y, Zhao Y, Luo M, Zhao W, Li Z, Zheng X. Human secreted stabilin-1-interacting chitinase-like protein aggravates the inflammation associated with rheumatoid arthritis and is a potential macrophage inflammatory regulator in rodents. Arthritis Rheumatol 2014; 66:1141-52. [PMID: 24470346 DOI: 10.1002/art.38356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2013] [Accepted: 01/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the relationship between the human secreted protein stabilin-1-interacting chitinase-like protein (SI-CLP) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA). METHODS The expression of SI-CLP in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and synovial fluid from patients with RA and the effects of cytokines on SI-CLP expression were examined by Western blotting. Fluorescence-activated cell sorting analysis was performed to investigate the binding between SI-CLP and cells. Bone marrow-derived macrophages were isolated from wild-type and SI-CLP(-/-) mice, and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction was performed to detect the levels of messenger RNA for cytokines or SI-CLP in SI-CLP- or cytokine-treated macrophages. Histologic studies were conducted to evaluate inflammation and the expression of interleukin-12 (IL-12), IL-13, and SI-CLP in lesions. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays were used to detect the cytokine levels in bone marrow-derived macrophages. Rats or mice with collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) and SI-CLP(-/-) mice were used to study the function of SI-CLP in RA. RESULTS SI-CLP expression was increased in PBMCs and detectable in synovial fluid from patients with RA. Administration of SI-CLP to rats with CIA aggravated arthritis-associated inflammation. SI-CLP was specifically attached to the surface protein of macrophages, which elevated the expression of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-12, and IL-13 in macrophages and mouse bone marrow-derived macrophages, up-regulating ERK phosphorylation. Moreover, SI-CLP was up-regulated by both IL-12 and IL-13 through JNK and JAK/STAT signaling, respectively. Knockout of SI-CLP resulted in a decrease in the expression of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-12, and IL-13 and lower susceptibility to CIA compared with wild-type mice. SI-CLP treatment also aggravated arthritis-related inflammation in wild-type and SI-CLP(-/-) mice. CONCLUSION SI-CLP functions as a regulator of the inflammatory response by macrophages. The decrease in inflammation-associated cytokine levels resulting from SI-CLP knockout may explain the lower susceptibility to CIA in SI-CLP(-/-) mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weichun Xiao
- State Key Lab of Protein and Plant Gene Research, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Duan J, Lou J, Zhang Q, Ke J, Qi Y, Shen N, Zhu B, Zhong R, Wang Z, Liu L, Wu J, Wang W, Gong F, Miao X. A genetic variant rs1801274 in FCGR2A as a potential risk marker for Kawasaki disease: a case-control study and meta-analysis. PLoS One 2014; 9:e103329. [PMID: 25093412 PMCID: PMC4122468 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0103329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2014] [Accepted: 06/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Recent genome-wide association study found rs1801274, a functional single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in IgG receptor gene FCGR2A, was associated with increased risk of Kawasaki disease (KD). However, subsequent studies on the role of this SNP were limited and controversial. METHODS A case-control study was conducted in a Chinese Han population including 428 KD patients and 493 controls to examine the association between rs1801274 and KD susceptibility. A meta-analysis was performed in combination with the relevant published studies to further clarify such an association. RESULTS Our case-control study found that rs1801274 was significantly associated with increased risk of KD in the Chinese Han population, with an odds ratio (OR) of 1.58 (95% CI = 0.96-2.62) for the GA genotype and 1.93 (95% CI = 1.16-3.19) for the AA genotype compared with the GG genotype. The result of meta-analysis further demonstrated that the A allele of rs1801274 was significantly correlated with KD risk under the allelic model (OR = 1.35, 95% CI = 1.27-1.44) without heterogeneity by fixed-effects model analysis (Q = 17.30, p = 0.139). Moreover, sensitivity analysis supported the robustness of this meta-analysis. CONCLUSION These results further confirm that rs1801274 in the FCGR2A gene is significantly associated with increased risk of KD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiayu Duan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and State Key Laboratory of Environment Health, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jiao Lou
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and State Key Laboratory of Environment Health, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Qing Zhang
- Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Juntao Ke
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and State Key Laboratory of Environment Health, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yanqi Qi
- Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Na Shen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and State Key Laboratory of Environment Health, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Beibei Zhu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and State Key Laboratory of Environment Health, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Rong Zhong
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and State Key Laboratory of Environment Health, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Zhenling Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and State Key Laboratory of Environment Health, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Lifeng Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and State Key Laboratory of Environment Health, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jing Wu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and State Key Laboratory of Environment Health, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Fangqi Gong
- Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaoping Miao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and State Key Laboratory of Environment Health, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Li S, Kievit P, Robertson AK, Kolumam G, Li X, von Wachenfeldt K, Valfridsson C, Bullens S, Messaoudi I, Bader L, Cowan KJ, Kamath A, van Bruggen N, Bunting S, Frendéus B, Grove KL. Targeting oxidized LDL improves insulin sensitivity and immune cell function in obese Rhesus macaques. Mol Metab 2013; 2:256-69. [PMID: 24049738 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2013.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2013] [Revised: 06/03/2013] [Accepted: 06/05/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidation of LDL (oxLDL) is a crucial step in the development of cardiovascular disease. Treatment with antibodies directed against oxLDL can reduce atherosclerosis in rodent models through unknown mechanisms. We demonstrate that through a novel mechanism of immune complex formation and Fc-γ receptor (FcγR) engagement, antibodies targeting oxLDL (MLDL1278a) are anti-inflammatory on innate immune cells via modulation of Syk, p38 MAPK phosphorylation and NFκB activity. Subsequent administration of MLDL1278a in diet-induced obese (DIO) nonhuman primates (NHP) resulted in a significant decrease in pro-inflammatory cytokines and improved overall immune cell function. Importantly, MLDL1278a treatment improved insulin sensitivity independent of body weight change. This study demonstrates a novel mechanism by which an anti-oxLDL antibody improves immune function and insulin sensitivity independent of internalization of oxLDL. This identifies MLDL1278a as a potential therapy for reducing vascular inflammation in diabetic conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shijie Li
- Genentech Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, United States
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Pierobon D, Bosco MC, Blengio F, Raggi F, Eva A, Filippi M, Musso T, Novelli F, Cappello P, Varesio L, Giovarelli M. Chronic hypoxia reprograms human immature dendritic cells by inducing a proinflammatory phenotype and TREM-1 expression. Eur J Immunol 2013; 43:949-66. [PMID: 23436478 DOI: 10.1002/eji.201242709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2012] [Revised: 12/21/2012] [Accepted: 01/25/2013] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
DCs are powerful antigen-presenting cells central in the orchestration of innate and acquired immunity. DC development, migration, and activities are intrinsically linked to the microenvironment. DCs migrate through pathologic tissues before reaching their final destination in the lymph nodes. Hypoxia, a condition of low partial oxygen pressure, is a common feature of many pathologic situations, capable of modifying DC phenotype and functional behavior. We studied human monocyte-derived immature DCs generated under chronic hypoxic conditions (H-iDCs). We demonstrate by gene expression profiling the upregulation of a cluster of genes coding for antigen-presentation, immunoregulatory, and pattern recognition receptors, suggesting a stimulatory role for hypoxia on iDC immunoregulatory functions. In particular, we show that H-iDCs express triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells(TREM-1), a member of the Ig superfamily of immunoreceptors and an amplifier of inflammation. This effect is reversible because H-iDC reoxygenation results in TREM-1 down-modulation. TREM-1 engagement promotes upregulation of T-cell costimulatory molecules and homing chemokine receptors, typical of mature DCs, and increases the production of proinflammatory, Th1/Th17-priming cytokines/chemokines, resulting in increased T-cell responses. These results suggest that TREM-1 induction by the hypoxic microenvironment represents a mechanism of regulation of Th1-cell trafficking and activation by iDCs differentiated at pathologic sites.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Pierobon
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Bosco MC, Varesio L. Dendritic cell reprogramming by the hypoxic environment. Immunobiology 2012; 217:1241-9. [PMID: 22901977 DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2012.07.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2012] [Revised: 07/06/2012] [Accepted: 07/19/2012] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Myeloid dendritic cells (DCs) are professional antigen-presenting cells central to the orchestration of innate and acquired immunity and the maintenance of self-tolerance. The local microenvironment contributes to the regulation of DC development and functions, and deregulated DC responses may result in amplification of inflammation, loss of tolerance, or establishment of immune escape mechanisms. DC generation from monocytic precursors recruited at sites of inflammation, tissue damage, or neoplasia occurs under condition of low partial oxygen pressure (pO(2), hypoxia). We reviewed the literature addressing the phenotypic and functional changes triggered by hypoxia in monocyte-derived immature (i) and mature (m) DCs. The discussion will revolve around in vitro studies of gene expression profile, which give a comprehensive representation of the complexity of response of these cells to low pO(2). The gene expression pattern of hypoxic DC will be discussed to address the question of the relationship with a specific maturation stage. We will summarize data relative to the regulation of the chemotactic network, which points to a role for hypoxia in promoting a migratory phenotype in iDCs and a highly proinflammatory state in mDCs. Current knowledge of the strict regulatory control exerted by hypoxia on the expression of immune-related cell surface receptors will also be addressed, with a particular focus on a newly identified marker of hypoxic DCs endowed with proinflammatory properties. Furthermore, we discuss the literature on the transcription mechanisms underlying hypoxia-regulated gene expression in DCs, which support a major role for the HIF/HRE pathway. Finally, recent advances shedding light on the in vivo influence of the local hypoxic microenvironment on DCs infiltrating the inflamed joints of juvenile idiopathic arthritis patients are outlined.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Carla Bosco
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, G. Gaslini Institute, Genova, Italy.
| | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Shalova IN, Kajiji T, Lim JY, Gómez-Piña V, Fernández-Ruíz I, Arnalich F, Iau PTC, López-Collazo E, Wong SC, Biswas SK. CD16 regulates TRIF-dependent TLR4 response in human monocytes and their subsets. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2012; 188:3584-93. [PMID: 22427642 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1100244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Blood monocytes recognize Gram-negative bacteria through the TLR4, which signal via MyD88- and TRIF-dependent pathway to trigger an immune-inflammatory response. However, a dysregulated inflammatory response by these cells often leads to severe pathologies such as sepsis. We investigated the role of CD16 in the regulation of human monocyte response to Gram-negative endotoxin and sepsis. Blood monocytes from sepsis patients demonstrated an upregulation of several TRIF-dependent genes as well as a selective expansion of CD16-expressing (CD16(+)) monocytes. Gene expression and biochemical studies revealed CD16 to regulate the TRIF-dependent TLR4 pathway in monocytes by activating Syk, IFN regulatory factor 3, and STAT1, which resulted in enhanced expression of IFNB, CCL5, and CXCL10. CD16 also upregulated the expression of IL-1R-associated kinase M and IL-1 receptor antagonist, which are negative regulators of the MyD88-dependent pathway. CD16 overexpression or small interfering RNA knockdown in monocytes confirmed the above findings. Interestingly, these results were mirrored in the CD16(+) monocyte subset isolated from sepsis patients, providing an in vivo confirmation to our findings. Collectively, the results from the current study demonstrate CD16 as a key regulator of the TRIF-dependent TLR4 pathway in human monocytes and their CD16-expressing subset, with implications in sepsis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Irina N Shalova
- Singapore Immunology Network, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Vaccination of neonates: Problem and issues. Vaccine 2012; 30:1541-59. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.12.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2011] [Revised: 11/30/2011] [Accepted: 12/08/2011] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
|
24
|
Cooper DL, Martin SG, Robinson JI, Mackie SL, Charles CJ, Nam J, Consortium YEAR, Isaacs JD, Emery P, Morgan AW. FcγRIIIa expression on monocytes in rheumatoid arthritis: role in immune-complex stimulated TNF production and non-response to methotrexate therapy. PLoS One 2012; 7:e28918. [PMID: 22235253 PMCID: PMC3250404 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0028918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2011] [Accepted: 11/17/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The expression of FcγRIIIa/CD16 may render monocytes targets for activation by IgG-containing immune complexes (IC). We investigated whether FcγRIIIa/CD16 was upregulated in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), associated with TNF production in response to IC-stimulation, and if this predicted response to methotrexate therapy. METHODS FcγRIIIa/CD16 expression on CD14(low) and CD14++ monocytes was measured by flow cytometry in healthy controls and RA patients (early and long-standing disease). Intracellular TNF-staining was carried out after in vitro LPS or heat-aggregated immunoglobulin (HAG) activation. FcγRIIIa/CD16 expression pre- and post-steroid/methotrexate treatment was examined. RESULTS Increased FcγRIIIa/CD16 expression on CD14++ monocytes in long-standing RA patients compared to controls was demonstrated (p = 0.002) with intermediate levels in early-RA patients. HAG-induced TNF-production in RA patients was correlated with the percentage of CD14++ monocytes expressing FcγRIIIa/CD16 (p<0.001). The percentage of CD14++ monocytes expressing FcγRIIIa/CD16 at baseline in early DMARD-naïve RA patients was negatively correlated with DAS28-ESR improvement 14-weeks post-methotrexate therapy (p = 0.003) and was significantly increased in EULAR non-responders compared to moderate (p = 0.01) or good responders (p = 0.003). FcγRIIIa/CD16 expression was not correlated with age, presence of systemic inflammation or autoantibody titers. CONCLUSION Increased FcγRIIIa/CD16 expression on CD14++ monocytes in RA may result in a cell that has increased responsiveness to IC-stimulation. This monocyte subset may contribute to non-response to methotrexate therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dawn L. Cooper
- NIHR-Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen G. Martin
- NIHR-Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - James I. Robinson
- NIHR-Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah L. Mackie
- NIHR-Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Christopher J. Charles
- NIHR-Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Jackie Nam
- NIHR-Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | | | - John D. Isaacs
- Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Paul Emery
- NIHR-Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Ann W. Morgan
- NIHR-Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Mucosal immunization with an unadjuvanted vaccine that targets Streptococcus pneumoniae PspA to human Fcγ receptor type I protects against pneumococcal infection through complement- and lactoferrin-mediated bactericidal activity. Infect Immun 2011; 80:1166-80. [PMID: 22158740 DOI: 10.1128/iai.05511-11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Targeting an antigen to Fc receptors (FcR) can enhance the immune response to the antigen in the absence of adjuvant. Furthermore, we recently demonstrated that intranasal immunization with an FcγR-targeted antigen enhances protection against a category A intracellular mucosal pathogen, Francisella tularensis. To determine if a similar strategy could be applied to the important pathogen Streptococcus pneumoniae, we used an improved mucosal FcR-targeting strategy that specifically targets human FcγR type I (hFcγRI). A humanized single-chain antibody component in which the variable domain binds to hFcγRI [anti-hFcγRI (H22)] was linked in a fusion protein with the pneumococcal surface protein A (PspA). PspA is known to elicit protection against pneumococcal sepsis, carriage, and pneumonia in mouse models when administered with adjuvants. Anti-hFcγRI-PspA or recombinant PspA (rPspA) alone was used to intranasally immunize wild-type (WT) and hFcγRI transgenic (Tg) mice in the absence of adjuvant. The hFcγRI Tg mice receiving anti-hFcγRI-PspA exhibited elevated S. pneumoniae-specific IgA, IgG2c, and IgG1 antibodies in serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. Neither immunogen was effective in protecting WT mice in the absence of adjuvant, but when PspA was targeted to hFcγRI as the anti-hFcγRI-PspA fusion, enhanced protection against lethal S. pneumoniae challenge was observed in the hFcγRI Tg mice compared to mice given nontargeted rPspA alone. Immune sera from the anti-hFcγRI-PspA-immunized Tg mice showed enhanced complement C3 deposition on bacterial surfaces, and protection was dependent upon an active complement system. Immune serum also showed an enhanced bactericidal activity directed against S. pneumoniae that appears to be lactoferrin mediated.
Collapse
|
26
|
Joller N, Weber SS, Oxenius A. Antibody - Fc receptor interactions in protection against intracellular pathogens. Eur J Immunol 2011; 41:889-97. [DOI: 10.1002/eji.201041340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2010] [Revised: 02/21/2011] [Accepted: 03/02/2011] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
|
27
|
Oliveira CR, Pereira LIA, Pereira AJCS, Ferreira AA, Crespo AMC, Silveira LA. Allelic polymorphism of human FcγRIIA-H/R131 receptor in American tegumentary leishmaniasis. Int J Immunogenet 2011; 38:225-31. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1744-313x.2011.00997.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
28
|
Hypoxia modulates the gene expression profile of immunoregulatory receptors in human mature dendritic cells: identification of TREM-1 as a novel hypoxic marker in vitro and in vivo. Blood 2010; 117:2625-39. [PMID: 21148811 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2010-06-292136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) are a heterogeneous group of professional antigen-presenting cells functioning as sentinels of the immune system and playing a key role in the initiation and amplification of innate and adaptive immune responses. DC development and functions are acquired during a complex differentiation and maturation process influenced by several factors present in the local milieu. A common feature at pathologic sites is represented by hypoxia, a condition of low pO(2), which creates a unique microenvironment affecting cell phenotype and behavior. Little is known about the impact of hypoxia on the generation of mature DCs (mDCs). In this study, we identified by gene expression profiling a significant cluster of genes coding for immune-related cell surface receptors strongly up-regulated by hypoxia in monocyte-derived mDCs and characterized one of such receptors, TREM-1, as a new hypoxia-inducible gene in mDCs. TREM-1 associated with DAP12 in hypoxic mDCs, and its engagement elicited DAP12-linked signaling, resulting in ERK-1, Akt, and IκBα phosphorylation and proinflammatory cytokine and chemokine secretion. Finally, we provided the first evidence that TREM-1 is expressed on mDCs infiltrating the inflamed hypoxic joints of children affected by juvenile idiopathic arthritis, representing a new in vivo marker of hypoxic mDCs endowed with proinflammatory properties.
Collapse
|
29
|
Halstead SB, Mahalingam S, Marovich MA, Ubol S, Mosser DM. Intrinsic antibody-dependent enhancement of microbial infection in macrophages: disease regulation by immune complexes. THE LANCET. INFECTIOUS DISEASES 2010; 10:712-22. [PMID: 20883967 PMCID: PMC3057165 DOI: 10.1016/s1473-3099(10)70166-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 297] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
A wide range of microorganisms can replicate in macrophages, and cell entry of these pathogens via non-neutralising IgG antibody complexes can result in increased intracellular infection through idiosyncratic Fcγ-receptor signalling. The activation of Fcγ receptors usually leads to phagocytosis. Paradoxically, the ligation of monocyte or macrophage Fcγ receptors by IgG immune complexes, rather than aiding host defences, can suppress innate immunity, increase production of interleukin 10, and bias T-helper-1 (Th1) responses to Th2 responses, leading to increased infectious output by infected cells. This intrinsic antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) of infection modulates the severity of diseases as disparate as dengue haemorrhagic fever and leishmaniasis. Intrinsic ADE is distinct from extrinsic ADE, whereby complexes of infectious agents with non-neutralising antibodies lead to an increased number of infected cells. Intrinsic ADE might be involved in many protozoan, bacterial, and viral infections. We review insights into intracellular mechanisms and implications of enhanced pathogenesis after ligation of macrophage Fcγ receptors by infectious immune complexes.
Collapse
|
30
|
Munitz A. Inhibitory receptors on myeloid cells: new targets for therapy? Pharmacol Ther 2009; 125:128-37. [PMID: 19913051 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2009.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2009] [Accepted: 10/12/2009] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Immune regulation of cellular activation is a tightly regulated process dictated by a balance of activation and inhibitory signals. Although initially described and characterized on natural killer cells, it has become increasingly apparent that inhibitory receptors are expressed and functional on myeloid cells. These receptors can override signals elicited by activation pathways including cytokine and chemokine receptors, growth factor signaling and more recently innate immune receptor signaling. Inhibitory receptors have key roles in various cellular and pathological processes and are thus potential targets for future therapeutics. In this review, the structure and function of inhibitory receptors will be discussed. Furthermore, utilization of these receptors as pharmacological targets and recent examples of strategies targeting inhibitory receptors will be analyzed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ariel Munitz
- Department of Microbiology and Clinical Immunology, The Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Features of intrathecal immunoglobulins in patients with multiple sclerosis. J Neurol Sci 2009; 288:147-50. [PMID: 19828154 DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2009.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2009] [Revised: 09/15/2009] [Accepted: 09/17/2009] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
We have analyzed immunoglobulin (Ig) isotypes and IgG subclasses in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) and other neurological diseases to determine whether different Ig isotype patterns correlate with clinical or paraclinical findings and CSF B cell populations. Intrathecal IgG1 synthesis was elevated in MS patients. An increased intrathecal IgM production was found in patients with a higher cerebral MRI lesion burden, whereas other clinical and paraclinical parameters were not associated with a specific Ig isotype or subclass profile. Finally, intrathecal IgG production (IgG1 and IgG3) correlated with the presence of mature B cells and plasma blasts.
Collapse
|
32
|
Abstract
The intracellular protozoan parasite Leishmania causes leishmaniasis, which is the second biggest killer worldwide among parasitic diseases, after malaria. As drug therapy for leishmaniasis is toxic and resistance is growing, a vaccine is an important weapon against this disease. Unfortunately, no effective vaccine exists for any human parasitic infection. Worse yet, nearly all effective vaccines whose mechanisms are known work through the induction of protective antibodies. Leishmania mexicana causes primarily chronic cutaneous disease. Not only are antibodies not effective at killing Leishmania, as it hides inside the parasitophorous vacuole of the host cell, but new research indicates that IgG antibodies may be crucial in suppressing the host immune response by generating an immunosuppressive interleukin-10 response. IL-10 is able to decrease the needed Th1-generated IFN-gamma and downregulates production of nitric oxide, a required effector mechanism of parasite killing. We have been studying the pathways that the host uses to partially control L. mexicana infection, which include STAT4, IFN-gamma, and inducible nitric oxide synthase, but found that the IL-12 pathway is suppressed by IL-10. We are now studying the mechanisms by which IgG, bound to parasites, can induce IL-10 through FcgammaR ligation and how this suppresses a healing immune response. We are examining which IgG isotypes bind to which FcgammaRs and whether macrophages are the necessary source of IL-10 for chronic disease. Elucidation of these mechanisms may help us to design vaccines that will not induce antibody-mediated immunosuppressive IL-10 responses.
Collapse
|
33
|
Li H, Ciric B, Yang J, Xu H, Fitzgerald DC, Elbehi M, Fonseca-Kelly Z, Yu S, Zhang GX, Rostami A. Intravenous tolerance modulates macrophage classical activation and antigen presentation in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. J Neuroimmunol 2009; 208:54-60. [PMID: 19187972 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2009.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2008] [Revised: 12/24/2008] [Accepted: 01/05/2009] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Macrophages act as the first line of self defense by mounting an inflammatory response to antigen and as antigen presenting cells to initiate the adaptive immune response. Inhibition of macrophage activation is one of the possible approaches to modulate inflammation. Intravenous (i.v.) tolerance has proved to be an effective method for ameliorating experimental autoimmune diseases. Whether macrophages are involved in tolerance induction is still largely undefined. In the present study we found that i.v. tolerance induction resulted in lower B7.1, B7.2 and MHC class II molecules, and reduced phagocytosis by both peritoneal macrophages and adherent splenocytes. Macrophages from tolerized mice were associated with a significantly impaired response of MOG-sensitized T cells to MOG. Macrophages from tolerized mice produced low levels of pro-inflammatory molecules IL-12, TNF-alpha, IL-1beta, RANTES and MCP-1 and high levels of IL-10 and TGF-beta. Administration of anti-TGF-beta led to a reduction of IL-10 in tolerized mice. Thus, i.v. tolerance inhibits macrophage classical activation and APC function, increases macrophage alternative activation and IL-10 and TGF-beta production. These cytokines, in turn, induce enhanced production of IL-10 in macrophages in MOG i.v. mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongmei Li
- Department of Neurology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Bogdan C. Mechanisms and consequences of persistence of intracellular pathogens: leishmaniasis as an example. Cell Microbiol 2008; 10:1221-34. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1462-5822.2008.01146.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
|
35
|
Martins MÂ, Silva ML, Elói-Santos SM, Ribeiro JGL, Peruhype-Magalhães V, Marciano APV, Homma A, Kroon EG, Teixeira-Carvalho A, Martins-Filho OA. Innate immunity phenotypic features point toward simultaneous raise of activation and modulation events following 17DD live attenuated yellow fever first-time vaccination. Vaccine 2008; 26:1173-84. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2007.12.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2007] [Revised: 12/11/2007] [Accepted: 12/19/2007] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
36
|
Guichelaar T, ten Brink CB, van Kooten PJ, Berlo SE, Broeren CP, van Eden W, Broere F. Autoantigen-Specific IL-10-Transduced T Cells Suppress Chronic Arthritis by Promoting the Endogenous Regulatory IL-10 Response. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2008; 180:1373-81. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.180.3.1373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
|
37
|
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) highlights the dangers of dysregulated B cells and the importance of initiating and maintaining tolerance. In addition to central deletion, receptor editing, peripheral deletion, receptor revision, anergy, and indifference, we have described a new mechanism of B cell tolerance wherein dendritic cells (DCs) and macrophages (MPhis) regulate autoreactive B cells during innate immune responses. In part, DCs and MPhis repress autoreactive B cells by releasing IL-6 and soluble CD40L (sCD40L). This mechanism is selective in that IL-6 and sCD40L do not affect Ig secretion by naïve cells during innate immune responses, allowing immunity in the absence of autoimmunity. In lupus-prone mice, DCs and MPhis are defective in secretion of IL-6 and sCD40L and cannot effectively repress autoantibody secretion suggesting that defects in DC/MPhi-mediated tolerance may contribute to the autoimmune phenotype. Further, these studies suggest that reconstituting DCs and MPhis in SLE patients might restore regulation of autoreactive B cells and provide an alternative to immunosuppressive therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Barbara J Vilen
- Department of Microbiology, University of North Carolina, CB 7290, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
| | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Gao H, Neff T, Ward PA. Regulation of lung inflammation in the model of IgG immune-complex injury. ANNUAL REVIEW OF PATHOLOGY-MECHANISMS OF DISEASE 2007; 1:215-42. [PMID: 18039114 DOI: 10.1146/annurev.pathol.1.110304.100155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Modern techniques of cell and molecular biology have rapidly uncovered the mechanisms underlying inflammatory injury of the lung. This expanding knowledge (which includes an understanding of complement, cell surface receptors, cytokines and chemokines, transcription factors, oxidants, proteinases, and endogenous inhibitors, as well as the role of leukocyte adhesion-promoting molecules) has provided new insights into the inflammatory system in general, as well as in the context of lung injury. In this review, we summarize recent progress in understanding the regulation of lung inflammation by using immunoglobulin G (IgG) immune complex-induced lung injury as a model. These studies have provided information on the role of various inflammatory mediators and their sequence of engagement. Insights into potential interventional approaches for the suppression of inflammatory processes in humans have emerged from those studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongwei Gao
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
FcgammaRIII mediates immunoglobulin G-induced interleukin-10 and is required for chronic Leishmania mexicana lesions. Infect Immun 2007; 76:623-31. [PMID: 18070890 DOI: 10.1128/iai.00316-07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
FcRgamma and interleukin-10 (IL-10) are both required for chronic disease in C57BL/6 mice with Leishmania mexicana parasite infection. FcRgamma is a component of several different FcRs and may be a component of some T-cell receptors. The initial antibody response to L. mexicana is an immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) response, and IgG1 preferentially binds to FcgammaRIII in other systems. To begin to dissect the mechanisms by which FcgammaRs contribute to chronic disease, we infected FcgammaRIII knockout (KO) mice with L. mexicana. We show that FcgammaRIII KO mice are resistant to L. mexicana infection, resolving lesions in association with a stronger gamma interferon response, similar to IL-10 KO mice, with parasite control by 12 weeks. We found that the Leishmania-specific IgG response is unaltered in FcgammaRIII KO mice compared with that in wild-type controls. The frequencies of IL-10 production from lymph node CD25(+) CD4(+) T cells are the same in KO and wild-type mice, and depletion of CD25(+) cells did not alter the course of infection, implying that T(reg) cells may not be the mechanism for susceptibility to L. mexicana infection, unlike for L. major infection. However, IL-10 mRNA was greatly diminished in the lesions of FcgammaRIII KO mice compared to that of B6 controls. Furthermore, macrophages from FcgammaRIII KO and FcRgamma KO mice have the same profound defect in IL-10 production induced by IgG-opsonized amastigotes. We also found IL-10-dependent (major) and -independent (minor) inhibition of IL-12 mediated by FcgammaRIII, as well as parasite-mediated inhibition of IL-12 and induction of IL-10, independent of FcgammaR. Our data demonstrate a specific role for FcgammaRIII in suppressing protective immunity in L. mexicana infection, likely through macrophage IL-10 production in the lesion.
Collapse
|
40
|
Mousavi SA, Sporstøl M, Fladeby C, Kjeken R, Barois N, Berg T. Receptor-mediated endocytosis of immune complexes in rat liver sinusoidal endothelial cells is mediated by FcgammaRIIb2. Hepatology 2007; 46:871-84. [PMID: 17680646 DOI: 10.1002/hep.21748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSECs) display a number of receptors for efficient uptake of potentially injurious molecules. The receptors for the Fc portion of immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies (FcgammaRs) regulate a number of physiological and pathophysiological events. We used reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blotting to determine the expression of different types of FcgammaRs in LSECs. Biochemical approaches and immunofluorescence microscopy were used to characterize the FcgammaR-mediated endocytosis of immune complexes (ICs). FcgammaRIIb2 was identified as the main receptor for the efficient uptake of ICs in LSECs. The receptor was shown to use the clathrin pathway for IC uptake; however, the association with lipid rafts may slow the rate of its internalization. Moreover, despite trafficking through lysosomal integral membrane protein-II (LIMP-II)-containing compartments, the receptor was not degraded. Finally, it was shown that the receptor recycles to the cell surface both with and without IC. CONCLUSION FcgammaRIIb2 is the main receptor for endocytosis of ICs in rat LSECs. Internalized ICs are degraded with slow kinetics, and IC internalization is not linked to receptor downregulation. After internalization, the receptor recycles to the cell surface both with and without ICs. Thus, FcgammaRIIb2 in rat LSECs is used as both a recycling receptor and a receptor for efficient IC clearance.
Collapse
|
41
|
Hu X, Chen J, Wang L, Ivashkiv LB. Crosstalk among Jak-STAT, Toll-like receptor, and ITAM-dependent pathways in macrophage activation. J Leukoc Biol 2007; 82:237-43. [PMID: 17502339 DOI: 10.1189/jlb.1206763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 221] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Macrophage phenotype and activation are regulated by cytokines that use the Jak-STAT signaling pathway, microbial recognition receptors that include TLRs, and immunoreceptors that signal via ITAM motifs. The amplitude and qualitative nature of macrophage activation are determined by crosstalk among these signaling pathways. Basal ITAM signaling restrains macrophage responses to TLRs and other activating ligands, whereas strong ITAM signals synergize with the same ligands to activate cells strongly. Similarly, basal ITAM signaling augments IFN signaling and function of receptor activator of NF-kappaB, but extensive ITAM activation inhibits Jak-STAT signaling. Thus, intensity and duration of ITAM signaling determine whether ITAM-coupled receptors augment or attenuate TLR and Jak-STAT responses. IFN-gamma synergizes with TLRs in part by suppressing TLR-induced feedback inhibition, mediated by IL-10 and Stat3, by a mechanism that depends on glycogen synthase kinase (GSK)3 regulation of AP-1 and CREB. IFN-gamma suppresses TLR2 and TLR4 induction/activation of AP-1 by overlapping mechanisms that include regulation of MAPKs, GSK3-dependent suppression of DNA binding, and decreased Fos and Jun protein expression and stability. IFN-gamma suppression of TLR-induced activation of AP-1 and downstream target genes challenges current concepts about the inflammatory role of AP-1 proteins in macrophage activation and is consistent with a role for AP-1 in the generation of noninflammatory osteoclasts. Jak-STAT, TLR, and ITAM pathways are basally active in macrophages and strongly induced during innate responses. Thus, signal transduction crosstalk is regulated in a dynamic manner, which differs under homeostatic and pathologic conditions, and dysregulation of signal transduction crosstalk may contribute to pathogenesis of chronic inflammatory diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Hu
- Arthritis and Tissue Degeneration Program, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York 10021, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Duque Correa M, Rojas López M. Activación alternativa del macrófago: La diversidad en las respuestas de una célula de la inmunidad innata ante la complejidad de los eventos de su ambiente. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/s0213-9626(07)70077-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
43
|
Bosco MC, Puppo M, Santangelo C, Anfosso L, Pfeffer U, Fardin P, Battaglia F, Varesio L. Hypoxia modifies the transcriptome of primary human monocytes: modulation of novel immune-related genes and identification of CC-chemokine ligand 20 as a new hypoxia-inducible gene. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2006; 177:1941-55. [PMID: 16849508 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.177.3.1941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Peripheral blood monocytes migrate to and accumulate in hypoxic areas of inflammatory and tumor lesions. To characterize the molecular bases underlying monocyte functions within a hypoxic microenvironment, we investigated the transcriptional profile induced by hypoxia in primary human monocytes using high-density oligonucleotide microarrays. Profound changes in the gene expression pattern were detected following 16 h exposure to 1% O(2), with 536 and 677 sequences showing at least a 1.5-fold increase and decrease, respectively. Validation of this analysis was provided by quantitative RT-PCR confirmation of expression differences of selected genes. Among modulated genes, 74 were known hypoxia-responsive genes, whereas the majority were new genes whose responsiveness to hypoxia had not been previously described. The hypoxic transcriptome was characterized by the modulation of a significant cluster of genes with immunological relevance. These included scavenger receptors (CD163, STAB1, C1qR1, MSR1, MARCO, TLR7), immunoregulatory, costimulatory, and adhesion molecules (CD32, CD64, CD69, CD89, CMRF-35H, ITGB5, LAIR1, LIR9), chemokines/cytokines and receptors (CCL23, CCL15, CCL8, CCR1, CCR2, RDC1, IL-23A, IL-6ST). Furthermore, we provided conclusive evidence of hypoxic induction of CCL20, a chemoattractant for immature dendritic cells, activated/memory T lymphocytes, and naive B cells. CCL20 mRNA up-regulation was paralleled by increased protein expression and secretion. This study represents the first transcriptome analysis of hypoxic primary human monocytes, which provides novel insights into monocyte functional behavior within ischemic/hypoxic tissues. CCL20 up-regulation by hypoxia may constitute an important mechanism to promote recruitment of specific leukocyte subsets at pathological sites and may have implications for the pathogenesis of chronic inflammatory diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Carla Bosco
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, G. Gaslini Institute, Genova, Italy.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
La Flamme AC, Harvie M, McNeill A, Goldsack L, Tierney JB, Bäckström BT. Fcgamma receptor-ligating complexes improve the course of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis by enhancing basal Th2 responses. Immunol Cell Biol 2006; 84:522-9. [PMID: 16869936 DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1711.2006.01464.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
IL-12p40 and macrophages are essential for the induction of disease in the mouse model of multiple sclerosis, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. In this paper, we show that treatment of mice with opsonized erythrocytes, which have been shown to ligate Fcgamma receptors on macrophages and alter their cytokine profile, significantly delayed the onset of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. This protection correlated to the induction of Th2 responses by autoreactive T cells, enhanced basal systemic responses and a significant downregulation of IL-12p40 and nitric oxide synthase-2, but not IFN-gamma expression. IL-4 was essential for the protection by opsonized erythrocytes as the effects of treatment were eliminated in IL-4-deficient mice. Together these studies suggest that the ligation of Fcgamma receptors can modify the development of autoimmune disease by altering macrophage activation and enhancing Th2 responses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anne C La Flamme
- School of Biological Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Bissel SJ, Wang G, Trichel AM, Murphey-Corb M, Wiley CA. Longitudinal analysis of activation markers on monocyte subsets during the development of simian immunodeficiency virus encephalitis. J Neuroimmunol 2006; 177:85-98. [PMID: 16797085 PMCID: PMC2561894 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2006.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2006] [Revised: 03/30/2006] [Accepted: 04/05/2006] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Lentiviral encephalitis has been hypothesized to be associated with altered monocyte migration into the brain. CD14(hi)/CD16(lo) and CD14(lo)/CD16(hi) monocytes were expanded during acute infection; however, this expansion was not unique or greater in macaques that developed encephalitis. The proportion of monocytes that expressed CD62L, HLA-DR, CD16, CD64, and CD40 varied during the course of infection in macaques that eventually developed encephalitis. Taken together, these results suggest that changes in the proportion of circulating activated monocytes are not predictive of development of encephalitis, but this does not rule out the importance of activated monocytes in the development of encephalitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie J. Bissel
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, 130 DeSoto Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, United States
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, 200 Lothrop Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States
| | - Guoji Wang
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, 200 Lothrop Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States
| | - Anita M. Trichel
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, 200 Lothrop Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, United States
| | - Michael Murphey-Corb
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, 200 Lothrop Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, United States
| | - Clayton A. Wiley
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, 200 Lothrop Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States
- Corresponding author. Tel.: +1 412 647 0765; fax: +1 412 647 5602. E-mail address: (C.A. Wiley)
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Ji J, Masterson J, Sun J, Soong L. CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells restrain pathogenic responses during Leishmania amazonensis infection. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2005; 174:7147-53. [PMID: 15905558 PMCID: PMC2812412 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.174.11.7147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Although activation of CD4(+) T cells mediates pathogenesis in Leishmania amazonensis (La)-infected mice, these susceptible mice do not develop a polarized Th2 response, suggesting a unique mechanism of disease susceptibility. To understand how Th cell activities are regulated, we examined the frequency and phenotypes of regulatory T (Treg) cells. At 1-3 wk of infection, relatively high percentages of CD4(+)CD25(+)CD86(+) T cells, as well as high levels of FoxP3, TGF-beta1, and IL-10RI transcripts, were detected in the skin and draining lymph nodes, indicating local accumulation of Treg cells. Lesion-derived, IL-10-producing CD4(+)CD25(+) cells effectively suppressed proliferation and cytokine (IL-2 and IFN-gamma) production of CD4(+)CD25(-) effector cells. Adoptive transfer of lesion-derived CD4(+)CD25(+) cells to syngeneic, naive C57BL/6 mice before infection significantly reduced disease development. To further validate the beneficial role of Treg cells in La infection, we adoptively transferred CD25(+) T cell-depleted splenocytes (derived from naive mice) into RAG1(-/-) mice. This transfer rendered RAG1(-/-) mice more susceptible to La infection than the mice receiving control splenocytes. The beneficial effect of Treg cells was transitory and correlated with decreased activation of IFN-gamma-producing effector T cells. This study uncovers an intriguing role of Treg cells in restraining pathogenic responses during nonhealing Leishmania infection and emphasizes a balance between Treg and Th1-like effector cells in determining the outcome of New World cutaneous leishmaniasis.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Animals
- CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/metabolism
- CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/parasitology
- Disease Progression
- Female
- Immunophenotyping
- Leishmania mexicana/immunology
- Leishmania mexicana/pathogenicity
- Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous/genetics
- Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous/immunology
- Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous/pathology
- Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous/prevention & control
- Lymphocyte Count
- Lymphocyte Depletion
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Receptors, Interleukin-2/biosynthesis
- Spleen/cytology
- Spleen/immunology
- T-Lymphocyte Subsets/immunology
- T-Lymphocyte Subsets/metabolism
- T-Lymphocyte Subsets/parasitology
- T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/metabolism
- T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/parasitology
- T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/pathology
- T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/transplantation
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxiang Ji
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute for Human Infections and Immunity, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555
| | - Joseph Masterson
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute for Human Infections and Immunity, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555
| | - Jiaren Sun
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute for Human Infections and Immunity, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555
| | - Lynn Soong
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute for Human Infections and Immunity, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555
- Department of Pathology, Institute for Human Infections and Immunity, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555
- Address correspondence and reprint requests to, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Medical Research Building 3.132, 301 University Boulevard, Galveston, TX 77555-1070.
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Takashima Y, Tsukamoto M, Ota H, Matsumoto Y, Hayashi Y, Otsuka H. Immunization with pseudorabies virus harboring Fc domain of IgG makes a contribution to protection of mice from lethal challenge. Vaccine 2005; 23:3775-82. [PMID: 15893614 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2005.02.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2004] [Revised: 01/21/2005] [Accepted: 02/18/2005] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
To enhance the efficacy of an inactivated vaccine against pseudorabies virus (PRV), we evaluated the adjuvant properties of Fc domain of IgG. A cell line expressing mouse IgG Fc chimera on its surface was established. We found that when PRV was propagated in the cells expressing the Fc chimera, PRV virion incorporated the Fc. Immunization of BALB/c mice with inactivated PRV harboring Fc, which had been propagated in the cells expressing Fc on its surface, induced higher antibody production against PRV and protected mice more effectively from lethal challenge of virulent strain, comparing to the immunization with normal inactivated virus. Virus harboring Fc has a great potential as a new inactivated vaccine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhiro Takashima
- Graduate School of Agriculture and Life Science, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
|
49
|
|
50
|
|