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Ghasemi F, Kardan-Yamchi J, Heidary M, Karami-Zarandi M, Akrami S, Maleki A, Khoshnood S, Kazemian H. Effects of non-tuberculous mycobacteria on BCG vaccine efficacy: A narrative review. J Clin Tuberc Other Mycobact Dis 2024; 36:100451. [PMID: 38764556 PMCID: PMC11101679 DOI: 10.1016/j.jctube.2024.100451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2024] Open
Abstract
The Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacterial pathogen is responsible for the ongoing global tuberculosis (TB) epidemic. Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG), the only currently approved TB vaccine, is successful in preventing disseminated disease in newborns. However, it has a variable efficacy against pulmonary TB in adults. This protective effect of the vaccine varies greatly among different populations and geographical areas, which the increased exposure of particular populations to non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) is considered as one of the reasons for this issue. Numerous studies have shown that exposure to NTM species causes the host immune system to be improperly primed. It has also been suggested that NTM species may be blamed for reduction in BCG vaccine effectiveness against M. tuberculosis. The increased exposure of certain populations to NTM has diverse effects on BCG efficacy. Moreover, the exposure to NTM can induce opposite effects on BCG efficacy depending on the NTM exposure route and survivability. A detailed understanding of the impact of NTM exposure on the efficacy of the BCG vaccine is essential for ongoing efforts to develop new TB vaccines as it may ultimately be a crucial success factor. The aim of this study was to review the findings of the studies focusing on the effects of NTM on BCG vaccine efficacy in animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Ghasemi
- Division of Microbiology, Department of Pathobiology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Jalil Kardan-Yamchi
- Quality Control and Screening Management Office, Deputy of Technical and New Technologies, Iranian Blood Transfusion Organization, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohsen Heidary
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Morteza Karami-Zarandi
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Sousan Akrami
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abbas Maleki
- Clinical Microbiology Research Center, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | - Saeed Khoshnood
- Clinical Microbiology Research Center, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | - Hossein Kazemian
- Clinical Microbiology Research Center, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
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2
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Dekhil N, Mardassi H. Delineating the evolutionary pathway to multidrug-resistant outbreaks of a Mycobacterium tuberculosis L4.1.2.1/Haarlem sublineage. Int J Infect Dis 2024; 144:107077. [PMID: 38697608 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2024.107077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We sought to capture the evolutionary itinerary of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis L4.1.2.1/Haarlem sublineage in northern Tunisia, where it caused a major multidrug-resistant (MDR) tuberculosis outbreak in a context strictly negative for HIV infection. METHODS We combined whole genome sequencing and Bayesian approaches using a representative collection of drug-susceptible and drug-resistant L4.1.2.1/Haarlem clinical strains (n = 121) recovered from the outbreak region over 16 years. RESULTS In the absence of drug resistance, the L4.1.2.1/Haarlem sublineage showed a propensity for rapid transmission as witnessed by the high clustering (44.6%) and recent transmission rates (25%), as well as the reduced mean distance between genome pairs. The entire pool of L4.1.2.1/Haarlem MDR strains was found to be linked to either the aforementioned major outbreak (68 individuals, 2001-2016) or to a minor, newly uncovered outbreak (six cases, 2001-2011). Strikingly, the two outbreaks descended independently from a common ancestor that can be dated back to 1886. CONCLUSIONS Our data point to the intrinsic propensity for rapid transmission of the M. tuberculosis L4.1.2.1/Haarlem sublineage in northern Tunisia, linking the overall MDR tuberculosis epidemic to a single ancestor. These findings bring out the important role of the bacillus' genetic background in the emergence of successful MDR M. tuberculosis clones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naira Dekhil
- Unit of Typing & Genetics of Mycobacteria, Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, Vaccinology, and Biotechnology Development, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Université de Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Helmi Mardassi
- Unit of Typing & Genetics of Mycobacteria, Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, Vaccinology, and Biotechnology Development, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Université de Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia.
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Liu Z, Li X, Xiong H, Zhou Q, Yi H, Wu K, Zhou Z, Lu Y, Zhu Y, Zhou L, Zhang M, Gao J, Gao J, Chen S, Wang X, Wang W. Genomic and spatial analysis reveal the transmission dynamics of tuberculosis in areas with high incidence of Zhejiang, China: A prospective cohort study. INFECTION, GENETICS AND EVOLUTION : JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY AND EVOLUTIONARY GENETICS IN INFECTIOUS DISEASES 2024; 121:105603. [PMID: 38723983 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2024.105603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
In the mountainous, rural regions of eastern China, tuberculosis (TB) remains a formidable challenge; however, the long-term molecular epidemiological surveillance in these regions is limited. This study aimed to investigate molecular and spatial epidemiology of TB in two mountainous, rural counties of Zhejiang Province, China, from 2015 to 2021, to elucidate the recent transmission and drug-resistance profiles. The predominant Lineage 2 (L2) Beijing family accounted for 80.1% of total 532 sequenced Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) strains, showing consistent prevalence over seven years. Gene mutations associated with drug resistance were identified in 19.4% (103/532) of strains, including 47 rifampicin or isoniazid-resistant strains, eight multi-drug-resistant (MDR) strains, and five pre-extensively drug-resistant (pre-XDR) strains. Genomic clustering revealed 53 distinct clusters with an overall transmission clustering rate of 23.9% (127/532). Patients with a history of retreatment and those infected with L2 strains had a higher risk of recent transmission. Spatial and epidemiological analysis unveiled significant transmission hotspots, especially in densely populated urban areas, involving various public places such as medical institutions, farmlands, markets, and cardrooms. The study emphasizes the pivotal role of Beijing strains and urban-based TB transmission in the western mountainous regions in Zhejiang, highlighting the urgent requirement for specific interventions to mitigate the impact of TB in these unique communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengwei Liu
- The Institute of TB Control, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310051, China
| | - Xiangchen Li
- Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine in Diagnosis and Monitoring Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310020, China
| | - Haiyan Xiong
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Qingrong Zhou
- Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Jiangshan City, Zhejiang 324100, China
| | - Huaiming Yi
- Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Changshan County, Zhejiang 324200, China
| | - Kunyang Wu
- The Institute of TB Control, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310051, China
| | - Zonglei Zhou
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yewei Lu
- Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine in Diagnosis and Monitoring Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310020, China
| | - Yelei Zhu
- The Institute of TB Control, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310051, China
| | - Lin Zhou
- The Institute of TB Control, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310051, China
| | - Mingwu Zhang
- The Institute of TB Control, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310051, China
| | - Junshun Gao
- Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine in Diagnosis and Monitoring Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310020, China
| | - Junli Gao
- Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine in Diagnosis and Monitoring Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310020, China
| | - Songhua Chen
- The Institute of TB Control, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310051, China.
| | - Xiaomeng Wang
- The Institute of TB Control, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310051, China.
| | - Weibing Wang
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
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Zhou X, Chen Y, Gui W, Heidari AA, Cai Z, Wang M, Chen H, Li C. Enhanced differential evolution algorithm for feature selection in tuberculous pleural effusion clinical characteristics analysis. Artif Intell Med 2024; 153:102886. [PMID: 38749310 DOI: 10.1016/j.artmed.2024.102886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Tuberculous pleural effusion poses a significant threat to human health due to its potential for severe disease and mortality. Without timely treatment, it may lead to fatal consequences. Therefore, early identification and prompt treatment are crucial for preventing problems such as chronic lung disease, respiratory failure, and death. This study proposes an enhanced differential evolution algorithm based on colony predation and dispersed foraging strategies. A series of experiments conducted on the IEEE CEC 2017 competition dataset validated the global optimization capability of the method. Additionally, a binary version of the algorithm is introduced to assess the algorithm's ability to address feature selection problems. Comprehensive comparisons of the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm with 8 similar algorithms were conducted using public datasets with feature sizes ranging from 10 to 10,000. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method is an effective feature selection approach. Furthermore, a predictive model for tuberculous pleural effusion is established by integrating the proposed algorithm with support vector machines. The performance of the proposed model is validated using clinical records collected from 140 tuberculous pleural effusion patients, totaling 10,780 instances. Experimental results indicate that the proposed model can identify key correlated indicators such as pleural effusion adenosine deaminase, temperature, white blood cell count, and pleural effusion color, aiding in the clinical feature analysis of tuberculous pleural effusion and providing early warning for its treatment and prediction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinsen Zhou
- Institute of Big Data and Information Technology, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325000, China.
| | - Yi Chen
- Institute of Big Data and Information Technology, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325000, China.
| | - Wenyong Gui
- Institute of Big Data and Information Technology, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325000, China.
| | - Ali Asghar Heidari
- School of Surveying and Geospatial Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Zhennao Cai
- Institute of Big Data and Information Technology, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325000, China.
| | - Mingjing Wang
- School of Data Science and Artificial Intelligence, Wenzhou University of Technology, Wenzhou 325000, China.
| | - Huiling Chen
- Institute of Big Data and Information Technology, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325000, China.
| | - Chengye Li
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China.
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Luo G, Ming T, Yang L, He L, Tao T, Wang Y. Modulators targeting protein-protein interactions in Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Microbiol Res 2024; 284:127675. [PMID: 38636239 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2024.127675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) is a chronic infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis), mainly transmitted through droplets to infect the lungs, and seriously affecting patients' health and quality of life. Clinically, anti-TB drugs often entail side effects and lack efficacy against resistant strains. Thus, the exploration and development of novel targeted anti-TB medications are imperative. Currently, protein-protein interactions (PPIs) offer novel avenues for anti-TB drug development, and the study of targeted modulators of PPIs in M. tuberculosis has become a prominent research focus. Furthermore, a comprehensive PPI network has been constructed using computational methods and bioinformatics tools. This network allows for a more in-depth analysis of the structural biology of PPIs and furnishes essential insights for the development of targeted small-molecule modulators. Furthermore, this article provides a detailed overview of the research progress and regulatory mechanisms of PPI modulators in M. tuberculosis, the causative agent of TB. Additionally, it summarizes potential targets for anti-TB drugs and discusses the prospects of existing PPI modulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guofeng Luo
- School of Medical and Life Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Tianqi Ming
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Department of Pharmacology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Luchuan Yang
- Institute of traditional Chinese medicine, Sichuan College of traditional Chinese Medicine (Sichuan Second Hospital of TCM), Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Lei He
- Institute of traditional Chinese medicine, Sichuan College of traditional Chinese Medicine (Sichuan Second Hospital of TCM), Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Tao Tao
- Institute of traditional Chinese medicine, Sichuan College of traditional Chinese Medicine (Sichuan Second Hospital of TCM), Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Yanmei Wang
- Institute of traditional Chinese medicine, Sichuan College of traditional Chinese Medicine (Sichuan Second Hospital of TCM), Chengdu 610031, China.
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6
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Peng F, Ke Z, Jin H, Wang W, Zhang H, Li Y. Structural insights into the regulation mechanism of Mycobacterium tuberculosis MftR. FASEB J 2024; 38:e23724. [PMID: 38837712 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202302409rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the pathogen of the deadly disease tuberculosis, depends on the redox cofactor mycofactocin (MFT) to adapt to and survive under hypoxic conditions. MftR is a TetR family transcription regulator that binds upstream of the MFT gene cluster and controls MFT synthesis. To elucidate the structural basis underlying MftR regulation, we determined the crystal structure of Mycobacterium tuberculosis MftR (TB-MftR). The structure revealed an interconnected hydrogen bond network in the α1-α2-α3 helices of helix-turn-helix (HTH) DNA-binding domain that is essential for nucleic acid interactions. The ligand-binding domain contains a hydrophobic cavity enclosing long-chain fatty acyl-CoAs like the key regulatory ligand oleoyl-CoA. Despite variations in ligand-binding modes, comparative analyses suggest regulatory mechanisms are largely conserved across TetR family acyl-CoA sensors. By elucidating the intricate structural mechanisms governing DNA and ligand binding by TB-MftR, our study enhances understanding of the regulatory roles of this transcription factor under hypoxic conditions, providing insights that could inform future research into Mycobacterium tuberculosis pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Peng
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College and State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zunhui Ke
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Wuhan Children's Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Haoruo Jin
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College and State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Medical Subcenter of HUST Analytical & Testing Center, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Haoran Zhang
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College and State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College and State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Department of Pediatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Drug Target Research and Pharmacodynamic Evaluation, Wuhan, China
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7
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Liu Z, Deligen B, Han Z, Gerile C, Da A. Integrated sequence-based genomic, transcriptomic, and methylation characterization of the susceptibility to tuberculosis in monozygous twins. Heliyon 2024; 10:e31712. [PMID: 38845983 PMCID: PMC11153169 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e31712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Tuberculosis (TB) is a complex disease with a spectrum of outcomes for more than six decades; however, the genomic and epigenetic mechanisms underlying the highly heritable susceptibility to TB remain unclear. Methods Integrated sequence-based genomic, transcriptomic, and methylation analyses were conducted to identity the genetic factors associated with susceptibility to TB in two pairs of Mongolian monozygous twins. In this study, whole-genome sequencing was employed to analyze single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), insertions and deletions (InDels), and copy number variations (CNVs). Gene expression was assessed through RNA sequencing, and methylation patterns were examined using the Illumina Infinium Methylation EPIC BeadChip. The gene-gene interaction network was analyzed using differentially expressed genes. Results Our study revealed no significant difference in SNP and InDel profiles between participants with and without TB. Genes with CNVs were involved in human immunity (human leukocyte antigen [HLA] family and interferon [IFN] pathway) and the inflammatory response. Different DNA methylation patterns and mRNA expression profiles were observed in genes participating in immunity (HLA family) and inflammatory responses (IFNA, interleukin 10 receptor [IL-10R], IL-12B, Toll-like receptor, and IL-1B). Conclusions The results of this study suggested that susceptibility to TB is associated with transcriptional and epigenetic alternations of genes involved in immune and inflammatory responses. The genes in the HLA family (HLA-A, HLA-B, and HLA-DRB1) and IFN pathway (IFN-α and IFN-γ) may play major roles in susceptibility to TB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao, 028007, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Batu Deligen
- Institute of Mongolian Medicine Pharmacology, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao, 028007, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Zhiqiang Han
- Institute of Mongolian Medicine Pharmacology, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao, 028007, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Chaolumen Gerile
- Department of Internal Medicine, Xilinguole Meng Mongolian General Hospital, Xilinhaote, 026000, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - An Da
- Institute of Mongolian Medicine Pharmacology, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao, 028007, Inner Mongolia, China
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Ma N, Chen L, Ding F, Liu X, Li J, Zhao Y. Identification of the health education targeted susceptible population of tuberculosis in Ningxia, Northwest China. Sci Rep 2024; 14:13071. [PMID: 38844544 PMCID: PMC11156889 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-63961-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice (KAP) survey, as an effective measure tool, is of practical significance for identifying the susceptible population in high-incidence regions of tuberculosis (TB). We aim to identify the health education targeted susceptible population of TB and discuss the acting pathway of KAP in Ningxia. A multistage random sampling method was used to conduct a face-to-face questionnaire survey for residents. The latent class analysis (LCA) model was used to classify susceptible populations of TB, and the structural equation modeling (SEM) model was also employed to investigate the interaction mechanisms of KAP (mediation analysis). We further applied the ordered logistic regression model to explore the associated factors. A total of 973 residents were enrolled, 70.6% were male, aged from 16 to 89. The LCA analysis demonstrated that 3 categories of susceptible populations of TB ("overall good", "positive attitude" and "overall poor") have optimal goodness of fit (BIC = 7889.5, Entropy = 0.923). SEM model indicated that the attitude plays a significant mediation effect from knowledge to practice toward TB (an indirect effect of 0.038, and a direct effect of 0.138). The ordered logistic regression results found that age, sex, marital status, education level, occupation, family income, self-perceived health status, having a family member or friend with TB, and knowing the DOTS strategy were significantly associated with classifications of KAP level towards TB. Based on the LCA model, we accurately classified the susceptible population of TB into 3 groups with different degrees of KAP. We found that TB attitude plays a mediating role between knowledge and practice. Therefore, we should pay more attention and carry out targeted health education in the community to these populations with overall poor KAP towards TB, and develop effective strategies and measures to realize the End TB Plan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Ma
- School of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Ningxia, China
| | - Linlin Chen
- School of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Ningxia, China
| | - Fan Ding
- School of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Ningxia, China
| | - Xianglong Liu
- School of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Ningxia, China
| | - Jiangping Li
- School of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Ningxia, China
| | - Yu Zhao
- School of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Ningxia, China.
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Ye J, Huang K, Xu Y, Chen N, Tu Y, Huang J, Shao L, Kong W, Zhao D, Xie Y. Clinical application of nanopore-targeted sequencing technology in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from patients with pulmonary infections. Microbiol Spectr 2024; 12:e0002624. [PMID: 38687074 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.00026-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
The rapid and effective identification of pathogens in patients with pulmonary infections has posed a persistent challenge in medicine, with conventional microbiological tests (CMTs) proving time-consuming and less sensitive, hindering early diagnosis of respiratory infections. While there has been some research on the clinical performance of targeted sequencing technologies, limited focus has been directed toward bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). This study primarily evaluates the pathogen detection capabilities of nanopore-targeted sequencing (NTS) in BALF, providing a comprehensive analysis. The retrospective study, spanning from January 2022 to November 2023, includes 223 patients exclusively sourced from a single center. We conducted a detailed comparative analysis among NTS, targeted next-generation sequencing (tNGS), and CMTs. Initially, we compared the detection capabilities of NTS and tNGS and found no significant differences in their sensitivity and specificity. Specifically, we observed that the sensitivity of NTS was significantly higher than that of CMTs (74.83% vs 33.11%, P < 0.001). Furthermore, NTS exhibited a higher positivity rate in common pulmonary infections (62.88% vs. 23.48%) and in clinically suspected tuberculosis patients compared to CMTs (87.18% vs. 48.72%). Additionally, NTS showed less susceptibility to antibiotic interference, indicating a more sensitive detection capability, especially in detecting fastidious organisms. It complements GeneXpert in tuberculosis diagnosis and offers excellent advantages in identifying pathogens challenging for CMTs, such as non-tuberculous mycobacteria and viruses. Moreover, NTS significantly shortens the reporting time and is only a quarter of the cost of metagenomic next-generation sequencing. Clearly, NTS can facilitate faster and more cost-effective early diagnosis of respiratory infections.IMPORTANCEThis study holds paramount significance in advancing the field of respiratory infection diagnostics. By assessing the pathogen detection capabilities in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of patients with pulmonary infections, we illuminate the promising potential of nanopore-targeted sequencing (NTS). The findings underscore NTS as a comparable yet distinct alternative to traditional methods like comprehensive conventional microbiological tests (CMTs). Notably, NTS demonstrates a pivotal edge, expanding the spectrum of identified pathogens, particularly excelling in the detection of challenging entities like non-tuberculous mycobacteria and viruses. The study also highlights the complementary role of NTS alongside GeneXpert in the identification of tuberculosis, providing a comprehensive overview of the diagnostic landscape for respiratory infections. This insight carries significant implications for clinicians seeking rapid, cost-effective, and accurate diagnostic tools in the realm of pulmonary infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayuan Ye
- Health Science Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Shangyu People's Hospital Of Shaoxing, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Kai Huang
- Department of General Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yaojiang Xu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Shangyu People's Hospital Of Shaoxing, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Nan Chen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Shangyu People's Hospital Of Shaoxing, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yifei Tu
- Department of Radiology, Shangyu People's Hospital Of Shaoxing, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jing Huang
- Department of Respiratory, Shangyu People's Hospital Of Shaoxing, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Longfei Shao
- Key Laboratory of Digital Technology in Medical Diagnostics of Zhejiang Province, Dian Diagnostics Group Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Weiliang Kong
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Dongdong Zhao
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yilian Xie
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
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Phaisal W, Albitar O, Chariyavilaskul P, Jantarabenjakul W, Wacharachaisurapol N, Ghadzi SMS, Zainal H, Harun SN. Genetic and clinical predictors of rifapentine and isoniazid pharmacokinetics in paediatrics with tuberculosis infection. J Antimicrob Chemother 2024; 79:1270-1278. [PMID: 38661209 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkae059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Twelve weekly doses of rifapentine and isoniazid (3HP regimen) are recommended for TB preventive therapy in children with TB infection. However, they present with variability in the pharmacokinetic profiles. The current study aimed to develop a pharmacokinetic model of rifapentine and isoniazid in 12 children with TB infection using NONMEM. METHODS Ninety plasma and 41 urine samples were collected at Week 4 of treatment. Drug concentrations were measured using a validated HPLC-UV method. MassARRAY® SNP genotyping was used to investigate genetic factors, including P-glycoprotein (ABCB1), solute carrier organic anion transporter B1 (SLCO1B1), arylacetamide deacetylase (AADAC) and N-acetyl transferase (NAT2). Clinically relevant covariates were also analysed. RESULTS A two-compartment model for isoniazid and a one-compartment model for rifapentine with transit compartment absorption and first-order elimination were the best models for describing plasma and urine data. The estimated (relative standard error, RSE) of isoniazid non-renal clearance was 3.52 L·h-1 (23.1%), 2.91 L·h-1 (19.6%), and 2.58 L·h-1 (20.0%) in NAT2 rapid, intermediate and slow acetylators. A significant proportion of the unchanged isoniazid was cleared renally (2.7 L·h-1; 8.0%), while the unchanged rifapentine was cleared primarily through non-renal routes (0.681 L·h-1; 3.6%). Participants with the ABCB1 mutant allele had lower bioavailability of rifapentine, while food prolonged the mean transit time of isoniazid. CONCLUSIONS ABCB1 mutant allele carriers may require higher rifapentine doses; however, this must be confirmed in larger trials. Food did not affect overall exposure to isoniazid and only delayed absorption time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weeraya Phaisal
- Center for Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Clinical Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacogenomics, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Orwa Albitar
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 USM, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Pajaree Chariyavilaskul
- Center for Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Clinical Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacogenomics, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Watsamon Jantarabenjakul
- Center of Excellence for Paediatric Infectious Diseases and Vaccines, Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Thai Red Cross Emerging Infectious Diseases Clinical Centre, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Noppadol Wacharachaisurapol
- Center for Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Clinical Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacogenomics, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Hadzliana Zainal
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 USM, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Sabariah Noor Harun
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 USM, Penang, Malaysia
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11
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Yargi-Ozkocak B, Altan C, Kemer-Atik B, Balci AS, Basarir B. Long-Term Outcomes of Adalimumab Treatment in Conventional Treatment-Resistant Serpiginous Choroiditis. Ocul Immunol Inflamm 2024:1-9. [PMID: 38829969 DOI: 10.1080/09273948.2024.2359002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES To investigate the long-term efficacy and safety of adalimumab(ADA) in the treatment of patients with serpiginous choroiditis (SC) refractory to conventional therapy through quantitative parameters. SUBJECTS/METHODS A retrospective analysis was conducted on patients diagnosed with SC clinically and through fundus autofluorescence(FAF). Patients receiving ADA treatment were included. Demographic and clinical characteristics of the patients, association with tuberculosis (TB) infection, number of immunosuppressive therapies, recurrences, best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) change, and ADA-related side effects were recorded. The progression rate before and after ADA was calculated based on the area involved by FAF. RESULTS Sixteen eyes of 8 patients (3 female/5 male) were enrolled to the study. The median (IQR) age was 53.5 (16.5) years. Diagnosis was SC in 4, ampiginous choroiditis in 3, and TB-related serpiginous-like choroiditis in 1 patient. Peripapillary involvement was present in 10 of 16 eyes. The area involved by FAF continued to progress under ADA treatment, however the progression rate was decreased (p = 0.143).The BCVA was preserved (p = 0.772). The number of systemic and local treatments decreased with ADA (p = 0.025 and 0.019, respectively). Additionally, the number of recurrences was reduced with ADA (p = 0.002). Median (IQR) follow-up was 45(28.75) months. Two patients experienced ADA-related side effects (pulmonary TBand rash). CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest a promising role for ADA in halting the progression of SC and have implications for improving outcomes. Despite the evidence in the literature at the level of case reports, ADA can be used effectively with close monitoring for potential risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Berru Yargi-Ozkocak
- Beyoglu Eye Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences Turkey, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Cigdem Altan
- Beyoglu Eye Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences Turkey, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Burcu Kemer-Atik
- Beyoglu Eye Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences Turkey, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ali Safa Balci
- Beyoglu Eye Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences Turkey, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Berna Basarir
- Beyoglu Eye Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences Turkey, Istanbul, Turkey
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12
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Yang Y, Chen YZ, Xia T. Optimizing antigen selection for the development of tuberculosis vaccines. CELL INSIGHT 2024; 3:100163. [PMID: 38572176 PMCID: PMC10987857 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellin.2024.100163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) remains a prevalent global infectious disease caused by genetically closely related tubercle bacilli in Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC). For a century, the Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine has been the primary preventive measure against TB. While it effectively protects against extrapulmonary forms of pediatric TB, it lacks consistent efficacy in providing protection against pulmonary TB in adults. Consequently, the exploration and development of novel TB vaccines, capable of providing broad protection to populations, have consistently constituted a prominent area of interest in medical research. This article presents a concise overview of the novel TB vaccines currently undergoing clinical trials, discussing their classification, protective efficacy, immunogenicity, advantages, and limitations. In vaccine development, the careful selection of antigens that can induce strong and diverse specific immune responses is essential. Therefore, we have summarized the molecular characteristics, biological function, immunogenicity, and relevant studies associated with the chosen antigens for TB vaccines. These insights gained from vaccines and immunogenic proteins will inform the development of novel mycobacterial vaccines, particularly mRNA vaccines, for effective TB control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Yi-Zhen Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Tian Xia
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- Gansu Province Research Center for Basic Disciplines of Pathogen Biology, Lanzhou, 730046, China
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13
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Rahyussalim AJ, Putra MNS, Nasser MK, Kusuma BW, Kurniawati T, Canintika AF. Cervical tuberculosis treated with closed system abscess evacuation, and percutaneous laser disc decompression combined with secretome derived from umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells: A case report. Int J Surg Case Rep 2024; 119:109764. [PMID: 38776822 PMCID: PMC11141440 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijscr.2024.109764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND IMPORTANCE Minimal invasive surgery is preferred as it offers the same benefit with less tissue damage, especially in the cervical area where a lot of critical structure resides. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and its secretome provide a promising regenerative intervention to damaged tissue. We report a cervical spinal tuberculosis case with hemiparesis treated with minimally invasive surgery combined with a regenerative approach. CASE PRESENTATION A 13-year-old boy presented with weakness in his left arm and left leg, accompanied by hemiparesthesia. The patient was unable to get up from bed, run, and jumpRadiology examination showed compression fracture, intervertebral disc retropulsion, spinal cord compression, and paravertebral cold abscess. The patient was treated with a single minimal invasive surgery consisting of closed system abscess evacuation, and percutaneous laser disc decompression combined with umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells. CLINICAL DISCUSSION The pain, weakness, and numbness were gone two days after surgery. The patient could carry out normal activities, even doing sports such as mini soccer and badminton. This clinical improvement was obtained as he carried out some procedures. The cold abscess aspiration removed infection focus which prevents further vertebra destruction, PLDD which decompresses the retropulsed discs, and implantation of MSCs and secretomes which regenerate and strengthen the destructed bone and surrounding tissue. CONCLUSION Closed system abscess evacuation, and percutaneous laser disc degeneration combined with secretome derived from UC-MSC are minimally-invasive strategies with promising results. Further studies are required to investigate its efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Jabir Rahyussalim
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Cipto Mangunkusumo National General Hospital and Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia; Stem Cell Medical Technology Integrated Service Unit, Cipto Mangunkusumo National General Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia; Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering Research Cluster, Indonesia Medical Education and Research Institute (IMERI), Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Muhammad Nadhil Sunaryo Putra
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Cipto Mangunkusumo National General Hospital and Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Mochammad Kamal Nasser
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Cipto Mangunkusumo National General Hospital and Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Bagus Wijaya Kusuma
- Stem Cell Medical Technology Integrated Service Unit, Cipto Mangunkusumo National General Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Tri Kurniawati
- Stem Cell Medical Technology Integrated Service Unit, Cipto Mangunkusumo National General Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia; Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering Research Cluster, Indonesia Medical Education and Research Institute (IMERI), Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Anissa Feby Canintika
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Cipto Mangunkusumo National General Hospital and Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia.
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14
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Zhao H, Li J, Feng S, Xu L, Yan B, Li C, Li M, Wang Y, Li Y, Liang L, Zhou D, Wan J, Wang W, Tian GB, Gu B, Huang X. High-throughput mutagenesis and screening approach for the identification of drug-resistant mutations in the rifampicin resistance-determining region of mycobacteria. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2024; 63:107158. [PMID: 38537722 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2024.107158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
Rifampicin is the most powerful first-line antibiotic for tuberculosis, which is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Although accumulating evidence from sequencing data of clinical M. tuberculosis isolates suggested that mutations in the rifampicin-resistance-determining region (RRDR) are strongly associated with rifampicin resistance, the comprehensive characterisation of RRDR polymorphisms that confer this resistance remains challenging. By incorporating I-SceI sites for I-SceI-based integrant removal and utilizing an L5 swap strategy, we efficiently replaced the integrated plasmid with alternative alleles, making mass allelic exchange feasible in mycobacteria. Using this method to establish a fitness-related gain-of function screen, we generated a mutant library that included all single-amino-acid mutations in the RRDR, and identified the important positions corresponding to some well-known rifampicin-resistance mutations (Q513, D516, S522, H525, R529, S531). We also detected a novel two-point mutation located in the RRDR confers a fitness advantage to M. smegmatis in the presence or absence of rifampicin. Our method provides a comprehensive insight into the growth phenotypes of RRDR mutants and should facilitate the development of anti-tuberculosis drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhao
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510000, China; Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510000, China
| | - Jiachen Li
- Advanced Medical Technology Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China; Program in Pathobiology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong, 510080, China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Diseases Control (Sun Yat-sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Siyuan Feng
- Advanced Medical Technology Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China; Program in Pathobiology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong, 510080, China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Diseases Control (Sun Yat-sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Lin Xu
- Advanced Medical Technology Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China; Program in Pathobiology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong, 510080, China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Diseases Control (Sun Yat-sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Bin Yan
- Department of Neonatal Surgery, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Chengjuan Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, 712082, China
| | - Meisong Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510150, China
| | - Yaxuan Wang
- Advanced Medical Technology Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China; Program in Pathobiology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong, 510080, China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Diseases Control (Sun Yat-sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Yaxin Li
- Advanced Medical Technology Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China; Program in Pathobiology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong, 510080, China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Diseases Control (Sun Yat-sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Lujie Liang
- Advanced Medical Technology Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China; Program in Pathobiology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong, 510080, China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Diseases Control (Sun Yat-sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Dianrong Zhou
- Advanced Medical Technology Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China; Program in Pathobiology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong, 510080, China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Diseases Control (Sun Yat-sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Jia Wan
- Advanced Medical Technology Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China; Program in Pathobiology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong, 510080, China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Diseases Control (Sun Yat-sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Wenli Wang
- Advanced Medical Technology Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China; Program in Pathobiology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong, 510080, China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Diseases Control (Sun Yat-sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Guo-Bao Tian
- Advanced Medical Technology Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China; Program in Pathobiology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong, 510080, China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Diseases Control (Sun Yat-sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou 510080, China.
| | - Bing Gu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510000, China.
| | - Xi Huang
- Center for Infection and Immunity and Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Molecular Imaging, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, 519000, China.
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15
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Chen K, Xu R, Hu X, Li D, Hou T, Kang Y. Recent advances in the development of DprE1 inhibitors using AI/CADD approaches. Drug Discov Today 2024; 29:103987. [PMID: 38670256 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2024.103987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) is a global lethal disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). The flavoenzyme decaprenylphosphoryl-β-d-ribose 2'-oxidase (DprE1) plays a crucial part in the biosynthesis of lipoarabinomannan and arabinogalactan for the cell wall of Mtb and represents a promising target for anti-TB drug development. Therefore, there is an urgent need to discover DprE1 inhibitors with novel scaffolds, improved bioactivity and high drug-likeness. Recent studies have shown that artificial intelligence/computer-aided drug design (AI/CADD) techniques are powerful tools in the discovery of novel DprE1 inhibitors. This review provides an overview of the discovery of DprE1 inhibitors and their underlying mechanism of action and highlights recent advances in the discovery and optimization of DprE1 inhibitors using AI/CADD approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kepeng Chen
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Ruolan Xu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Xueping Hu
- Institute of Molecular Sciences and Engineering, Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China
| | - Dan Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Tingjun Hou
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China.
| | - Yu Kang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China.
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16
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Krishnamoorthy Y, C S, Govindan D. Sex-based differences in TB treatment compliance: A mediating factor for sputum conversion among newly diagnosed pulmonary TB patients in Chennai, South India. Heliyon 2024; 10:e31185. [PMID: 38803852 PMCID: PMC11128919 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e31185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Tuberculosis (TB) remains a global health concern, particularly in India, which carries a significant portion of the global burden. The role of sex as a determinant of health is increasingly recognized, impacting various aspects of TB, including treatment compliance and outcomes. This study aimed to determine the mediating role of treatment compliance in the relationship between sex and sputum conversion in newly diagnosed pulmonary TB patients in Chennai, South India. Methods We conducted a retrospective cohort study among patients newly diagnosed for TB at ESIC Medical College & PGIMSR between April 2020 and April 2022. A causal mediation analysis was performed to identify the direct and indirect effects of sex on sputum conversion via the mediator, treatment compliance. We employed logistic regression models and the "paramed" package for the analysis, with bootstrapping technique for examining the significance of indirect and direct effects. Results The Marginal Total Effect (MTE) suggested that females were more likely to have sputum positivity compared to males (OR: 6.77; p = 0.003). Direct effect of being female increased the odds of sputum positivity at the end of the intensive phase (OR: 3.42; p = 0.03). The indirect effect of being female via treatment compliance significantly increased the odds of sputum positivity at the end of the intensive phase (OR: 1.98; p = 0.03). Conclusion The study provides evidence that treatment compliance significantly mediates the relationship between sex and sputum conversion in TB patients, highlighting the necessity to consider gendered dimensions of health in TB control strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuvaraj Krishnamoorthy
- Department of Community Medicine, ESIC Medical College and Hospital, KK Nagar, Chennai, 600078, India
- Head, Evidence Synthesis Unit, Partnership for Research, Opportunity, Planning, Upskilling and Leadership (PROPUL) Evidence, Chennai, 600099, India
| | - Selvaraja C
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, ESIC Medical College and Hospital, KK Nagar, Chennai, 600078, India
| | - Dhanajayan Govindan
- Department of Community Medicine, ESIC Medical College and Hospital, KK Nagar, Chennai, 600078, India
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17
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Storer B, Holden M, Kershaw KA, Braund TA, Chakouch C, Coleshill MJ, Haffar S, Harvey S, Sicouri G, Newby J, Murphy M. The prevalence of anxiety in respiratory and sleep diseases: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Respir Med 2024:107677. [PMID: 38823565 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmed.2024.107677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anxiety is common in those with chronic physical health conditions and can have significant impacts on both quality of life and physical health outcomes. Despite this, there are limited studies comprehensively investigating the prevalence of anxiety in respiratory and sleep medicine settings. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to provide insight into the global prevalence of anxiety symptoms/disorders in respiratory and sleep medicine outpatients. METHODS PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, PsycINFO and Google Scholar databases were searched from database inception to 23 January 2023 for studies assessing the prevalence of anxiety in adult (≥ 16 years) respiratory and sleep medicine outpatients. Data was screened and extracted independently by two investigators. Anxiety was measured using various self-report questionnaires, structured interviews, and/or patient records. Using CMA software for the meta-analysis, a random-effects model was used for pooled estimates, and subgroup analysis was conducted on relevant models using a mixed-effects model. RESULTS 116 studies were included, featuring 36,340 participants across 40 countries. The pooled prevalence of anxiety was 30.3% (95%CI 27.9 to 32.9%, 10679/36340). Subgroup analysis found a significant difference across type of condition, with pulmonary tuberculosis the highest at 43.1% and COVID-19 outpatients the lowest at 23.4%. No significant difference was found across anxiety types, country or age. Female sex and the use of self-report measures was associated with significantly higher anxiety estimates. CONCLUSIONS Anxiety is a common experience amongst patients in respiratory and sleep medicine outpatient settings. Thus, it is crucial that anxiety identification and management is considered by physicians in the field. REGISTRATION The protocol is registered in PROSPERO (CRD42021282416).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben Storer
- Clinical Research Department, The Black Dog Institute, Sydney, Australia
| | - Monique Holden
- Clinical Research Department, The Black Dog Institute, Sydney, Australia
| | - Kelly Ann Kershaw
- Clinical Research Department, The Black Dog Institute, Sydney, Australia
| | - Taylor A Braund
- Clinical Research Department, The Black Dog Institute, Sydney, Australia; School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW, Sydney, Australia
| | - Cassandra Chakouch
- Clinical Research Department, The Black Dog Institute, Sydney, Australia
| | | | - Sam Haffar
- Clinical Research Department, The Black Dog Institute, Sydney, Australia
| | - Samuel Harvey
- Clinical Research Department, The Black Dog Institute, Sydney, Australia; School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW, Sydney, Australia
| | - Gemma Sicouri
- Clinical Research Department, The Black Dog Institute, Sydney, Australia; School of Psychology, Faculty of Science, UNSW, Sydney, Australia
| | - Jill Newby
- Clinical Research Department, The Black Dog Institute, Sydney, Australia; School of Psychology, Faculty of Science, UNSW, Sydney, Australia
| | - Michael Murphy
- Clinical Research Department, The Black Dog Institute, Sydney, Australia; School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW, Sydney, Australia.
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Berida TI, Adekunle YA, Dada-Adegbola H, Kdimy A, Roy S, Sarker SD. Plant antibacterials: The challenges and opportunities. Heliyon 2024; 10:e31145. [PMID: 38803958 PMCID: PMC11128932 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e31145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Nature possesses an inexhaustible reservoir of agents that could serve as alternatives to combat the growing threat of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). While some of the most effective drugs for treating bacterial infections originate from natural sources, they have predominantly been derived from fungal and bacterial species. However, a substantial body of literature is available on the promising antibacterial properties of plant-derived compounds. In this comprehensive review, we address the major challenges associated with the discovery and development of plant-derived antimicrobial compounds, which have acted as obstacles preventing their clinical use. These challenges encompass limited sourcing, the risk of agent rediscovery, suboptimal drug metabolism, and pharmacokinetics (DMPK) properties, as well as a lack of knowledge regarding molecular targets and mechanisms of action, among other pertinent issues. Our review underscores the significance of these challenges and their implications in the quest for the discovery and development of effective plant-derived antimicrobial agents. Through a critical examination of the current state of research, we give valuable insights that will advance our understanding of these classes of compounds, offering potential solutions to the global crisis of AMR. © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomayo I. Berida
- Department of BioMolecular Sciences, Division of Pharmacognosy, University of Mississippi, University, MS, 38677, USA
| | - Yemi A. Adekunle
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Afe Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria
- Centre for Natural Products Discovery (CNPD), School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, James Parsons Building, Byrom Street, Liverpool, L3 3AF, United Kingdom
| | - Hannah Dada-Adegbola
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Ayoub Kdimy
- LS3MN2E, CERNE2D, Faculty of Science, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, 10056, Morocco
| | - Sudeshna Roy
- Department of BioMolecular Sciences, Division of Pharmacognosy, University of Mississippi, University, MS, 38677, USA
| | - Satyajit D. Sarker
- Centre for Natural Products Discovery (CNPD), School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, James Parsons Building, Byrom Street, Liverpool, L3 3AF, United Kingdom
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Margineanu I, Butnaru T, Lam M, Baiceanu D, Dragomir R, Arbore AS, Mahler B, Munteanu I, Mihaltan F, Akkerman O, Alffenaar JW, Stienstra Y. Tuberculosis impacts multiple aspects in quality of life in a Romanian cohort of drug-susceptible and drug resistant patients: A patient-reported outcome measures study. Trop Med Int Health 2024. [PMID: 38794852 DOI: 10.1111/tmi.13996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tuberculosis (TB), and especially its drug resistant forms, is responsible for not only significant mortality, but also considerable morbidity, still under-quantified. This study used four Patient-Reported Outcome Measures (PROMS) to assess the status of persons affected by drug-susceptible and drug-resistant TB during their TB treatment or after treatment completion, in Romania, the highest TB burden country in the EU. METHODS People affected by TB in two different regions in Romania were included during and after treatment, following a cross-sectional design. PROMs used were SF-36, EQ-5D-5L, WPAI and the app-based audiometry screening tool 'uHear.' Descriptive statistics and relevant statistical tests were used to compare groups between themselves and with the general Romanian population. RESULTS Both patients with drug-susceptible and drug-resistant TB experience, with drug-resistant patients experiencing statistically significantly more pain and hearing loss. PROMs show some improvement in the after-treatment group; however, compared with the general Romanian population for which data were available, all groups scored lower on all outcome measures. CONCLUSION PROMs offer the possibility of obtaining a more comprehensive view of patients' status, by involving them directly in the medical process and could guide a rehabilitation strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioana Margineanu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Groningen, University Medical Centrum Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Teodora Butnaru
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Marius Nasta Tb Institute, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Marjolein Lam
- Department of Internal Medicine/Infectious Diseases, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Dragos Baiceanu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Marius Nasta Tb Institute, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Raluca Dragomir
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Marius Nasta Tb Institute, Bucharest, Romania
| | | | - Beatrice Mahler
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Marius Nasta Tb Institute, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ioana Munteanu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Marius Nasta Tb Institute, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Florin Mihaltan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Marius Nasta Tb Institute, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Onno Akkerman
- Department of Pulmonary diseases and Tuberculosis, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
- Tuberculosis Center Beatrixoord, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Haren, the Netherlands
| | - Jan-Willem Alffenaar
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Groningen, University Medical Centrum Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Westmead Hospital, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia
- Sydney Institute for Infectious Diseases, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Ymkje Stienstra
- Department of Internal Medicine/Infectious Diseases, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK
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Osugi A, Tamaru A, Yoshiyama T, Iwamoto T, Mitarai S, Murase Y. Mycobacterium tuberculosis is less likely to acquire pathogenic mutations during latent infection than during active disease. Microbiol Spectr 2024:e0428923. [PMID: 38786200 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.04289-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Most people infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) are believed to be in a state of latent tuberculosis (TB) infection (LTBI). Although LTBI is asymptomatic and not infectious, there is a risk of developing active disease even decades after infection. Here, to characterize mutations acquired during LTBI, we collected and analyzed Mtb genomes from seven Japanese patient pairs, each pair consisting of two active TB patients whose starting dates of developing active disease were >3 years apart; one had a high suspicion of LTBI before developing active disease, whereas the other did not. Thereafter, we compared these genomes with those of longitudinal sample pairs within a host of chronic active TB infections combined with public data. The bacterial populations in patients with LTBI were genetically more homogeneous and accumulated single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) slower than those from active disease. Moreover, the lower proportion of nonsynonymous SNPs indicated weaker selective pressures during LTBI than active disease. Finally, the different mutation spectrums indicated different mutators between LTBI and active disease. These results suggest that the likelihood of the acquisition of mutations responsible for antibiotic resistance and increased virulence was lower in the Mtb population from LTBI than active disease.IMPORTANCEControlling latent tuberculosis (TB) infection (LTBI) activation is an effective strategy for TB elimination, where understanding Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) dynamics within the host plays an important role. Previous studies on chronic active disease reported that Mtb accumulated genomic mutations within the host, possibly resulting in acquired drug resistance and increased virulence. However, several reports suggest that fewer mutations accumulate during LTBI than during the active disease, but the associated risk is largely unknown. Here, we analyzed the genomic dynamics of Mtb within the host during LTBI. Our results statistically suggest that Mtb accumulates mutations during LTBI, but most mutations are under low selective pressures, which induce mutations responsible for drug resistance and virulence. Thus, we propose that LTBI acts as a source for new TB disease rather than as a period for in-host genome evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asami Osugi
- Department of Mycobacterium Reference and Research, Research Institute of Tuberculosis, Japan Anti-Tuberculosis Association, Kiyose, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Aki Tamaru
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Osaka Prefectural Institute of Public Health, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takashi Yoshiyama
- Research Institute of Tuberculosis, Japan Anti-Tuberculosis Association, Kiyose, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Fukujuji Hospital, Japan Anti-Tuberculosis Association, Kiyose, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Satoshi Mitarai
- Department of Mycobacterium Reference and Research, Research Institute of Tuberculosis, Japan Anti-Tuberculosis Association, Kiyose, Tokyo, Japan
- Basic Mycobacteriology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Yoshiro Murase
- Department of Mycobacterium Reference and Research, Research Institute of Tuberculosis, Japan Anti-Tuberculosis Association, Kiyose, Tokyo, Japan
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Mo W, Cui Z, Zhao J, Xian X, Huang M, Liu J. The predictive value of TNF family for pulmonary tuberculosis: a pooled causal effect analysis of multiple datasets. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1398403. [PMID: 38835752 PMCID: PMC11148272 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1398403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective Despite extensive research on the relationship between pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) and inflammatory factors, more robust causal evidence has yet to emerge. Therefore, this study aims to screen for inflammatory proteins that may contribute to the susceptibility to PTB in different populations and to explain the diversity of inflammatory and immune mechanisms of PTB in different ethnicity. Methods The inverse variance weighted (IVW) model of a two-sample Mendelian Randomization (MR) study was employed to conduct causal analysis on data from a genome-wide association study (GWAS). This cohort consisting PTB GWAS datasets from two European and two East Asian populations, as well as 91 human inflammatory proteins collected from 14,824 participants. Colocalization analysis aimed to determine whether the input inflammatory protein and PTB shared the same causal single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) variation within the fixed region, thereby enhancing the robustness of the MR Analysis. Meta-analyses were utilized to evaluate the combined causal effects among different datasets. Results In this study, we observed a significant negative correlation between tumor necrosis factor-beta levels (The alternative we employ is Lymphotoxin-alpha, commonly referred to as LT) (P < 0.05) and tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 9 levels (TNFRSF9) (P < 0.05). These two inflammatory proteins were crucial protective factors against PTB. Additionally, there was a significant positive correlation found between interleukin-20 receptor subunit alpha levels (IL20Ra) (P < 0.05), which may elevate the risk of PTB. Colocalization analysis revealed that there was no overlap in the causal variation between LT and PTB SNPs. A meta-analysis further confirmed the significant combined effect of LT, TNFRSF9, and IL20Ra in East Asian populations (P < 0.05). Conclusions Levels of specific inflammatory proteins may play a crucial role in triggering an immune response to PTB. Altered levels of LT and TNFRSF9 have the potential to serve as predictive markers for PTB development, necessitating further clinical validation in real-world settings to ascertain the impact of these inflammatory proteins on PTB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxiu Mo
- School of Public Health and Management, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, China
| | - Zhezhe Cui
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Major Infectious Disease Prevention and Control and Biosafety Emergency Response, Guangxi Key Discipline Platform of Tuberculosis Control, Guangxi Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanning, China
| | - Jingming Zhao
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Major Infectious Disease Prevention and Control and Biosafety Emergency Response, Guangxi Key Discipline Platform of Tuberculosis Control, Guangxi Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanning, China
| | - Xiaomin Xian
- School of Public Health, the Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Minying Huang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Major Infectious Disease Prevention and Control and Biosafety Emergency Response, Guangxi Key Discipline Platform of Tuberculosis Control, Guangxi Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanning, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Liuzhou People's Hospital, Liuzhou, China
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Wang F, Yuan Z, Qin S, Qin F, Zhang J, Mo C, Kang Y, Huang S, Qin F, Jiang J, Liu A, Liang H, Ye L. The effects of meteorological factors and air pollutants on the incidence of tuberculosis in people living with HIV/AIDS in subtropical Guangxi, China. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:1333. [PMID: 38760740 PMCID: PMC11100081 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-18475-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have shown the association between tuberculosis (TB) and meteorological factors/air pollutants. However, little information is available for people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA), who are highly susceptible to TB. METHOD Data regarding TB cases in PLWHA from 2014 to2020 were collected from the HIV antiviral therapy cohort in Guangxi, China. Meteorological and air pollutants data for the same period were obtained from the China Meteorological Science Data Sharing Service Network and Department of Ecology and Environment of Guangxi. A distribution lag non-linear model (DLNM) was used to evaluate the effects of meteorological factors and air pollutant exposure on the risk of TB in PLWHA. RESULTS A total of 2087 new or re-active TB cases were collected, which had a significant seasonal and periodic distribution. Compared with the median values, the maximum cumulative relative risk (RR) for TB in PLWHA was 0.663 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.507-0.866, lag 4 weeks) for a 5-unit increase in temperature, and 1.478 (95% CI: 1.116-1.957, lag 4 weeks) for a 2-unit increase in precipitation. However, neither wind speed nor PM10 had a significant cumulative lag effect. Extreme analysis demonstrated that the hot effect (RR = 0.638, 95%CI: 0.425-0.958, lag 4 weeks), the rainy effect (RR = 0.285, 95%CI: 0.135-0.599, lag 4 weeks), and the rainless effect (RR = 0.552, 95%CI: 0.322-0.947, lag 4 weeks) reduced the risk of TB. Furthermore, in the CD4(+) T cells < 200 cells/µL subgroup, temperature, precipitation, and PM10 had a significant hysteretic effect on TB incidence, while temperature and precipitation had a significant cumulative lag effect. However, these effects were not observed in the CD4(+) T cells ≥ 200 cells/µL subgroup. CONCLUSION For PLWHA in subtropical Guangxi, temperature and precipitation had a significant cumulative effect on TB incidence among PLWHA, while air pollutants had little effect. Moreover, the influence of meteorological factors on the incidence of TB also depends on the immune status of PLWHA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengyi Wang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
- Joint Laboratory for Emerging Infectious Diseases in China (Guangxi)-ASEAN, Life Sciences Institute, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Zongxiang Yuan
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
- Joint Laboratory for Emerging Infectious Diseases in China (Guangxi)-ASEAN, Life Sciences Institute, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Shanfang Qin
- Chest Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Liuzhou, China
| | - Fengxiang Qin
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
- Joint Laboratory for Emerging Infectious Diseases in China (Guangxi)-ASEAN, Life Sciences Institute, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Junhan Zhang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
- Joint Laboratory for Emerging Infectious Diseases in China (Guangxi)-ASEAN, Life Sciences Institute, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Chuye Mo
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
- Joint Laboratory for Emerging Infectious Diseases in China (Guangxi)-ASEAN, Life Sciences Institute, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Yiwen Kang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
- Joint Laboratory for Emerging Infectious Diseases in China (Guangxi)-ASEAN, Life Sciences Institute, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Shihui Huang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
- Joint Laboratory for Emerging Infectious Diseases in China (Guangxi)-ASEAN, Life Sciences Institute, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Fang Qin
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
- Joint Laboratory for Emerging Infectious Diseases in China (Guangxi)-ASEAN, Life Sciences Institute, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Junjun Jiang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China.
- Joint Laboratory for Emerging Infectious Diseases in China (Guangxi)-ASEAN, Life Sciences Institute, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China.
| | - Aimei Liu
- Chest Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Liuzhou, China.
| | - Hao Liang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China.
- Joint Laboratory for Emerging Infectious Diseases in China (Guangxi)-ASEAN, Life Sciences Institute, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China.
| | - Li Ye
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China.
- Joint Laboratory for Emerging Infectious Diseases in China (Guangxi)-ASEAN, Life Sciences Institute, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China.
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Chen Q, Yang Z, Liu H, Man J, Oladejo AO, Ibrahim S, Wang S, Hao B. Novel Drug Delivery Systems: An Important Direction for Drug Innovation Research and Development. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:674. [PMID: 38794336 PMCID: PMC11124876 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16050674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2024] [Revised: 05/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The escalating demand for enhanced therapeutic efficacy and reduced adverse effects in the pharmaceutical domain has catalyzed a new frontier of innovation and research in the field of pharmacy: novel drug delivery systems. These systems are designed to address the limitations of conventional drug administration, such as abbreviated half-life, inadequate targeting, low solubility, and bioavailability. As the disciplines of pharmacy, materials science, and biomedicine continue to advance and converge, the development of efficient and safe drug delivery systems, including biopharmaceutical formulations, has garnered significant attention both domestically and internationally. This article presents an overview of the latest advancements in drug delivery systems, categorized into four primary areas: carrier-based and coupling-based targeted drug delivery systems, intelligent drug delivery systems, and drug delivery devices, based on their main objectives and methodologies. Additionally, it critically analyzes the technological bottlenecks, current research challenges, and future trends in the application of novel drug delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Chen
- Key Laboratory of New Animal Drug Project, Gansu Province, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, China; (Q.C.); (Z.Y.); (H.L.); (J.M.); (A.O.O.); (S.I.)
| | - Zhen Yang
- Key Laboratory of New Animal Drug Project, Gansu Province, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, China; (Q.C.); (Z.Y.); (H.L.); (J.M.); (A.O.O.); (S.I.)
| | - Haoyu Liu
- Key Laboratory of New Animal Drug Project, Gansu Province, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, China; (Q.C.); (Z.Y.); (H.L.); (J.M.); (A.O.O.); (S.I.)
| | - Jingyuan Man
- Key Laboratory of New Animal Drug Project, Gansu Province, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, China; (Q.C.); (Z.Y.); (H.L.); (J.M.); (A.O.O.); (S.I.)
| | - Ayodele Olaolu Oladejo
- Key Laboratory of New Animal Drug Project, Gansu Province, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, China; (Q.C.); (Z.Y.); (H.L.); (J.M.); (A.O.O.); (S.I.)
- Department of Animal Health Technology, Oyo State College of Agriculture and Technology, Igboora 201003, Nigeria
| | - Sally Ibrahim
- Key Laboratory of New Animal Drug Project, Gansu Province, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, China; (Q.C.); (Z.Y.); (H.L.); (J.M.); (A.O.O.); (S.I.)
- Department of Animal Reproduction and AI, Veterinary Research Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki 12622, Egypt
| | - Shengyi Wang
- Key Laboratory of New Animal Drug Project, Gansu Province, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, China; (Q.C.); (Z.Y.); (H.L.); (J.M.); (A.O.O.); (S.I.)
| | - Baocheng Hao
- Key Laboratory of New Animal Drug Project, Gansu Province, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, China; (Q.C.); (Z.Y.); (H.L.); (J.M.); (A.O.O.); (S.I.)
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Chen K, Cheng L, Yu H, Zhou Y, Zhu L, Li Z, Li T, Martinez L, Liu Q, Wang B. Spatial-temporal distribution characteristics of pulmonary tuberculosis in eastern China from 2011 to 2021. Epidemiol Infect 2024; 152:e84. [PMID: 38745412 PMCID: PMC11149027 DOI: 10.1017/s0950268824000785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
China is still among the 30 high-burden tuberculosis (TB) countries in the world. Few studies have described the spatial epidemiological characteristics of pulmonary TB (PTB) in Jiangsu Province. The registered incidence data of PTB patients in 95 counties of Jiangsu Province from 2011 to 2021 were collected from the Tuberculosis Management Information System. Three-dimensional spatial trends, spatial autocorrelation, and spatial-temporal scan analysis were conducted to explore the spatial clustering pattern of PTB. From 2011 to 2021, a total of 347,495 newly diagnosed PTB cases were registered. The registered incidence rate of PTB decreased from 49.78/100,000 in 2011 to 26.49/100,000 in 2021, exhibiting a steady downward trend (χ2 = 414.22, P < 0.001). The average annual registered incidence rate of PTB was higher in the central and northern regions. Moran's I indices of the registered incidence of PTB were all >0 (P< 0.05) except in 2016, indicating a positive spatial correlation overall. Local autocorrelation analysis showed that 'high-high' clusters were mainly distributed in northern Jiangsu, and 'low-low' clusters were mainly concentrated in southern Jiangsu. The results of this study assist in identifying settings and locations of high TB risk and inform policy-making for PTB control and prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Chen
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Liang Cheng
- Department of Tuberculosis, Affiliated Wuxi Fifth Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Hao Yu
- Department of Chronic Communicable Disease, Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, China
| | - Yong Zhou
- Department of Chronic Disease, Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, China
| | - Limei Zhu
- Department of Chronic Communicable Disease, Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhongqi Li
- Department of Chronic Communicable Disease, Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, China
| | - Tenglong Li
- Academy of Pharmacy, Xi’an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, China
| | - Leonardo Martinez
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Qiao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Chronic Communicable Disease, Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, China
| | - Bei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
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Mehanna N, Pradhan A, Kaur R, Kontopoulos T, Rosati B, Carlson D, Cheung NK, Xu H, Bean J, Hsu K, Le Luduec JB, Vorkas CK. Loss of circulating CD8α + NK cells during human Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.04.16.588542. [PMID: 38659858 PMCID: PMC11042275 DOI: 10.1101/2024.04.16.588542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Natural Killer (NK) cells can recognize and kill Mtb-infected cells in vitro, however their role after natural human exposure has not been well-studied. To identify Mtb-responsive NK cell populations, we analyzed the peripheral blood of healthy household contacts of active Tuberculosis (TB) cases and source community donors in an endemic region of Port-au-Prince, Haiti by flow cytometry. We observed higher CD8α expression on NK cells in putative resistors (IGRA- contacts) with a progressive loss of these circulating cells during household-associated latent infection and disease. In vitro assays and CITE-seq analysis of CD8α+ NK cells demonstrated enhanced maturity, cytotoxic gene expression, and response to cytokine stimulation relative to CD8α- NK cells. CD8α+ NK cells also displayed dynamic surface expression dependent on MHC I in contrast to conventional CD8+ T cells. Together, these results support a specialized role for CD8α+ NK cell populations during Mtb infection correlating with disease resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nezar Mehanna
- Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794
| | - Atul Pradhan
- Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794
| | - Rimanpreet Kaur
- Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794
| | - Theodota Kontopoulos
- Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065
| | - Barbara Rosati
- Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794
| | - David Carlson
- Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794
| | - Nai-Kong Cheung
- Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065
| | - Hong Xu
- Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065
| | - James Bean
- Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065
| | - Katherine Hsu
- Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065
| | - Jean-Benoit Le Luduec
- Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065
| | - Charles Kyriakos Vorkas
- Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794
- Center for Infectious Diseases, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794
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Khan MF, Ali A, Rehman HM, Noor Khan S, Hammad HM, Waseem M, Wu Y, Clark TG, Jabbar A. Exploring optimal drug targets through subtractive proteomics analysis and pangenomic insights for tailored drug design in tuberculosis. Sci Rep 2024; 14:10904. [PMID: 38740859 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-61752-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB), caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, ranks among the top causes of global human mortality, as reported by the World Health Organization's 2022 TB report. The prevalence of M. tuberculosis strains that are multiple and extensive-drug resistant represents a significant barrier to TB eradication. Fortunately, having many completely sequenced M. tuberculosis genomes available has made it possible to investigate the species pangenome, conduct a pan-phylogenetic investigation, and find potential new drug targets. The 442 complete genome dataset was used to estimate the pangenome of M. tuberculosis. This study involved phylogenomic classification and in-depth analyses. Sequential filters were applied to the conserved core genome containing 2754 proteins. These filters assessed non-human homology, virulence, essentiality, physiochemical properties, and pathway analysis. Through these intensive filtering approaches, promising broad-spectrum therapeutic targets were identified. These targets were docked with FDA-approved compounds readily available on the ZINC database. Selected highly ranked ligands with inhibitory potential include dihydroergotamine and abiraterone acetate. The effectiveness of the ligands has been supported by molecular dynamics simulation of the ligand-protein complexes, instilling optimism that the identified lead compounds may serve as a robust basis for the development of safe and efficient drugs for TB treatment, subject to further lead optimization and subsequent experimental validation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Fayaz Khan
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, The University of Haripur, Haripur, KP, Pakistan
| | - Amjad Ali
- Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Hafiz Muzzammel Rehman
- School of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Sadiq Noor Khan
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, The University of Haripur, Haripur, KP, Pakistan
| | - Hafiz Muhammad Hammad
- School of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Maaz Waseem
- Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Yurong Wu
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Taane G Clark
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London, UK.
| | - Abdul Jabbar
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, The University of Haripur, Haripur, KP, Pakistan.
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Wei J, Guo F, Song Y, Feng T, Wang Y, Xu K, Song J, Kaysar E, Abdukayyum R, Lin F, Li K, Li B, Qian Z, Wang X, Wang H, Xu T. Analysis of the components of Mycobacterium tuberculosis heat-resistant antigen (Mtb-HAg) and its regulation of γδ T-cell function. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2024; 29:70. [PMID: 38741147 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-024-00585-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mycobacterium tuberculosis heat-resistant antigen (Mtb-HAg) is a peptide antigen released from the mycobacterial cytoplasm into the supernatant of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) attenuated H37Ra strain after autoclaving at 121 °C for 20 min. Mtb-HAg can specifically induce γδ T-cell proliferation in vitro. However, the exact composition of Mtb-HAg and the protein antigens that are responsible for its function are currently unknown. METHODS Mtb-HAg extracted from the Mtb H37Ra strain was subjected to LC‒MS mass spectrometry. Twelve of the identified protein fractions were recombinantly expressed in Escherichia coli by genetic engineering technology using pET-28a as a plasmid and purified by Ni-NTA agarose resin to stimulate peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from different healthy individuals. The proliferation of γδ T cells and major γδ T-cell subset types as well as the production of TNF-α and IFN-γ were determined by flow cytometry. Their proliferating γδ T cells were isolated and purified using MACS separation columns, and Mtb H37Ra-infected THP-1 was co-cultured with isolated and purified γδ T cells to quantify Mycobacterium viability by counting CFUs. RESULTS In this study, Mtb-HAg from the attenuated Mtb H37Ra strain was analysed by LC‒MS mass spectrometry, and a total of 564 proteins were identified. Analysis of the identified protein fractions revealed that the major protein components included heat shock proteins and Mtb-specific antigenic proteins. Recombinant expression of 10 of these proteins in by Escherichia coli genetic engineering technology was used to successfully stimulate PBMCs from different healthy individuals, but 2 of the proteins, EsxJ and EsxA, were not expressed. Flow cytometry results showed that, compared with the IL-2 control, HspX, GroEL1, and GroES specifically induced γδ T-cell expansion, with Vγ2δ2 T cells as the main subset, and the secretion of the antimicrobial cytokines TNF-α and IFN-γ. In contrast, HtpG, DnaK, GroEL2, HbhA, Mpt63, EsxB, and EsxN were unable to promote γδ T-cell proliferation and the secretion of TNF-α and IFN-γ. None of the above recombinant proteins were able to induce the secretion of TNF-α and IFN-γ by αβ T cells. In addition, TNF-α, IFN-γ-producing γδ T cells inhibit the growth of intracellular Mtb. CONCLUSION Activated γδ T cells induced by Mtb-HAg components HspX, GroES, GroEL1 to produce TNF-α, IFN-γ modulate macrophages to inhibit intracellular Mtb growth. These data lay the foundation for subsequent studies on the mechanism by which Mtb-HAg induces γδ T-cell proliferation in vitro, as well as the development of preventive and therapeutic vaccines and rapid diagnostic reagents.
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MESH Headings
- Humans
- Antigens, Bacterial/immunology
- Antigens, Bacterial/metabolism
- Antigens, Bacterial/genetics
- Mycobacterium tuberculosis/immunology
- Mycobacterium tuberculosis/genetics
- Cell Proliferation
- T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- T-Lymphocytes/metabolism
- Interferon-gamma/metabolism
- Interferon-gamma/immunology
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta/metabolism
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta/immunology
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta/genetics
- Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/metabolism
- Leukocytes, Mononuclear/metabolism
- Leukocytes, Mononuclear/immunology
- Bacterial Proteins/metabolism
- Bacterial Proteins/genetics
- Bacterial Proteins/immunology
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wei
- Laboratory Medicine Experimental Center, Laboratory Medicine College, Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, 233000, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Immunology in Chronic Diseases, Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, 233000, China
| | - Fangzheng Guo
- Laboratory Medicine Experimental Center, Laboratory Medicine College, Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, 233000, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Immunology in Chronic Diseases, Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, 233000, China
| | - Yamin Song
- Laboratory Medicine Experimental Center, Laboratory Medicine College, Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, 233000, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Immunology in Chronic Diseases, Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, 233000, China
| | - Tong Feng
- Laboratory Medicine Experimental Center, Laboratory Medicine College, Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, 233000, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Immunology in Chronic Diseases, Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, 233000, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Immunology in Chronic Diseases, Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, 233000, China
| | - Kun Xu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Immunology in Chronic Diseases, Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, 233000, China
| | - Jianhan Song
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Immunology in Chronic Diseases, Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, 233000, China
| | - Eldana Kaysar
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Hotan Characteristic Chinese Traditional Medicine Research, College of Xinjiang Uyghur Medicine, Hotan, 848099, China
| | - Reyima Abdukayyum
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Hotan Characteristic Chinese Traditional Medicine Research, College of Xinjiang Uyghur Medicine, Hotan, 848099, China
| | - Feiyang Lin
- Laboratory Medicine Experimental Center, Laboratory Medicine College, Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, 233000, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Immunology in Chronic Diseases, Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, 233000, China
| | - Kangsheng Li
- Laboratory Medicine Experimental Center, Laboratory Medicine College, Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, 233000, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Immunology in Chronic Diseases, Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, 233000, China
| | - Baiqing Li
- Laboratory Medicine Experimental Center, Laboratory Medicine College, Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, 233000, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Immunology in Chronic Diseases, Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, 233000, China
| | - Zhongqing Qian
- Laboratory Medicine Experimental Center, Laboratory Medicine College, Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, 233000, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Immunology in Chronic Diseases, Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, 233000, China
| | - Xiaojing Wang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Clinical and Preclinical Research in Respiratory Disease, Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, 233000, China
| | - Hongtao Wang
- Laboratory Medicine Experimental Center, Laboratory Medicine College, Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, 233000, China.
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Hotan Characteristic Chinese Traditional Medicine Research, College of Xinjiang Uyghur Medicine, Hotan, 848099, China.
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Immunology in Chronic Diseases, Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, 233000, China.
| | - Tao Xu
- Laboratory Medicine Experimental Center, Laboratory Medicine College, Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, 233000, China.
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Immunology in Chronic Diseases, Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, 233000, China.
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Tsareva A, Shelyakin PV, Shagina IA, Myshkin MY, Merzlyak EM, Kriukova VV, Apt AS, Linge IA, Chudakov DM, Britanova OV. Aberrant adaptive immune response underlies genetic susceptibility to tuberculosis. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1380971. [PMID: 38799462 PMCID: PMC11116662 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1380971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) remains a major threat worldwide, although only a fraction of infected individuals develops tuberculosis (TB). TB susceptibility is shaped by multiple genetic factors, and we performed comparative immunological analysis of two mouse strains to uncover relevant mechanisms underlying susceptibility and resistance. C57BL/6 mice are relatively TB-resistant, whereas I/St mice are prone to develop severe TB, partly due to the MHC-II allelic variant that shapes suboptimal CD4+ T cell receptor repertoire. We investigated the repertoires of lung-infiltrating helper T cells and B cells at the progressed stage in both strains. We found that lung CD4+ T cell repertoires of infected C57BL/6 but not I/St mice contained convergent TCR clusters with functionally confirmed Mtb specificity. Transcriptomic analysis revealed a more prominent Th1 signature in C57BL/6, and expression of pro-inflammatory IL-16 in I/St lung-infiltrating helper T cells. The two strains also showed distinct Th2 signatures. Furthermore, the humoral response of I/St mice was delayed, less focused, and dominated by IgG/IgM isotypes, whereas C57BL/6 mice generated more Mtb antigen-focused IgA response. We conclude that the inability of I/St mice to produce a timely and efficient anti-Mtb adaptive immune responses arises from a suboptimal helper T cell landscape that also impacts the humoral response, leading to diffuse inflammation and severe disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasiia Tsareva
- Precision Oncology Division, Boston Gene Laboratory, Waltham, MA, United States
| | - Pavel V. Shelyakin
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
- Abu Dhabi Stem Cells Center, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Irina A. Shagina
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
- Department of Genomics of Adaptive Immunity, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Moscow, Russia
| | - Mikhail Yu. Myshkin
- Department of Genomics of Adaptive Immunity, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Moscow, Russia
| | - Ekaterina M. Merzlyak
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
- Department of Genomics of Adaptive Immunity, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Moscow, Russia
| | - Valeriia V. Kriukova
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Alexander S. Apt
- Laboratory for Immunogenetics, Central Tuberculosis Research Institute, Moscow, Russia
| | - Irina A. Linge
- Laboratory for Immunogenetics, Central Tuberculosis Research Institute, Moscow, Russia
| | - Dmitriy M. Chudakov
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
- Abu Dhabi Stem Cells Center, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Genomics of Adaptive Immunity, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Moscow, Russia
- Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
| | - Olga V. Britanova
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
- Department of Genomics of Adaptive Immunity, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Moscow, Russia
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
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Xi X, Wang B, Zhang R, Ling C. Serum exosome tRFs as a promising biomarker for active tuberculosis and latent tuberculosis infection. J Microbiol Methods 2024; 222:106944. [PMID: 38705210 DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2024.106944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyse the expression profiles of serum exosome tRFs/tiRNAs and to explore their diagnostic value in tuberculosis (TB) activity. METHODS The serum exosome tRF/tiRNA profile was analysed using high-throughput sequencing technology in 5 active tuberculosis (ATB) patients, 5 latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) patients and 5 healthy controls (HCs). Then, serum exosome tRFs/tiRNAs were validated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), and their diagnostic value was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) and area under the curve (AUC). Finally, bioinformatics analysis was performed to explore and identify the potential biological pathways induced by tRFs/tiRNAs. RESULTS The sequencing results revealed that serum exosome tRF/tiRNA expression profiles were different among ATB patients, LTBI patients and HCs. Three tRFs (tRF-56:75-Trp-CCA-4, tRF-1:22-chrM.Ser-GCT and tRF-56:76-Val-TAC-1-M2) were selected for qRT-PCR validation. The results demonstrated that the expression level of tRF-1-22-chrM.Ser-GCT was upregulated in ATB patients, while tRF-56-75-Trp-CCA-4 was downregulated, which was consistent with the sequencing data. The AUCs of tRF-56:75-Trp-CCA-4 and tRF-1:22-chrM. Ser-GCT were 0.824 and 1.000, respectively, which have significant values in the diagnosis of ATB patients. Moreover, the expression levels of tRF-56:75-Trp-CCA-4 and tRF-1:22-chrM.Ser-GCT and tRF-56:76-Val-TAC-1-M2 in ATB patients and LTBI were different, which indicated that these three tRFs could effectively distinguish ATB patients and LTBI patients. CONCLUSION Our findings indicate that serum exosome tRFs can be used as potential markers for the diagnosis of ATB and LTBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyu Xi
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China; Xuzhou Infectious Disease Hospital, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Binghua Wang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ruimei Zhang
- Xuzhou Infectious Disease Hospital, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chunhua Ling
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China.
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30
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Tao Y, Zhao J, Cui H, Liu L, He L. Exploring the impact of socioeconomic and natural factors on pulmonary tuberculosis incidence in China (2013-2019) using explainable machine learning: A nationwide study. Acta Trop 2024; 253:107176. [PMID: 38460829 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2024.107176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024]
Abstract
Pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) stands as a significant and prevalent infectious disease in China. Integrating 13 natural and socioeconomic factors, we conduct nine machine learning (ML) models alongside the Tree-Structured Parzen Estimator to predict the monthly PTB incidence rate from 2013 to 2019 in mainland China. With explainable ML techniques, our research highlights that population size, per capita GDP, and PM10 concentration emerge as the primary determinants influencing the PTB incidence rate. We delineate both the independent and interactive impacts of these factors on the PTB incidence rate. Furthermore, crucial thresholds associated with factors influencing the PTB incidence rate are identified. Taking factors that have a positive effect on reducing the incidence rate of PTB as an example, the thresholds at which the effects of factors PM2.5, PM10, O3, and RH on the incidence rate change from increase to decrease are 105.5 µg/m3, 75.5 µg/m3, 90.8 µg/m3, and 72.3 % respectively. Our work will contribute valuable insights for public health interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiwen Tao
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Jiaxin Zhao
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Hao Cui
- School of the Geoscience and Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
| | - Lili Liu
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Mathematical Techniques and Big Data Analysis on Disease Control and Prevention, Complex Systems Research Center, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Long He
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
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31
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Zang X, Zhang J, Jiang Y, Feng T, Cui Y, Wang H, Cui Z, Dang G, Liu S. Serine protease Rv2569c facilitates transmission of Mycobacterium tuberculosis via disrupting the epithelial barrier by cleaving E-cadherin. PLoS Pathog 2024; 20:e1012214. [PMID: 38722857 PMCID: PMC11081392 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1012214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Epithelial cells function as the primary line of defense against invading pathogens. However, bacterial pathogens possess the ability to compromise this barrier and facilitate the transmigration of bacteria. Nonetheless, the specific molecular mechanism employed by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb) in this process is not fully understood. Here, we investigated the role of Rv2569c in M.tb translocation by assessing its ability to cleave E-cadherin, a crucial component of cell-cell adhesion junctions that are disrupted during bacterial invasion. By utilizing recombinant Rv2569c expressed in Escherichia coli and subsequently purified through affinity chromatography, we demonstrated that Rv2569c exhibited cell wall-associated serine protease activity. Furthermore, Rv2569c was capable of degrading a range of protein substrates, including casein, fibrinogen, fibronectin, and E-cadherin. We also determined that the optimal conditions for the protease activity of Rv2569c occurred at a temperature of 37°C and a pH of 9.0, in the presence of MgCl2. To investigate the function of Rv2569c in M.tb, a deletion mutant of Rv2569c and its complemented strains were generated and used to infect A549 cells and mice. The results of the A549-cell infection experiments revealed that Rv2569c had the ability to cleave E-cadherin and facilitate the transmigration of M.tb through polarized A549 epithelial cell layers. Furthermore, in vivo infection assays demonstrated that Rv2569c could disrupt E-cadherin, enhance the colonization of M.tb, and induce pathological damage in the lungs of C57BL/6 mice. Collectively, these results strongly suggest that M.tb employs the serine protease Rv2569c to disrupt epithelial defenses and facilitate its systemic dissemination by crossing the epithelial barrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinxin Zang
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Division of Bacterial Diseases, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, PR China
| | - Jiajun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Division of Bacterial Diseases, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, PR China
| | - Yanyan Jiang
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Division of Bacterial Diseases, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, PR China
| | - Tingting Feng
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Division of Bacterial Diseases, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, PR China
| | - Yingying Cui
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Division of Bacterial Diseases, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, PR China
| | - Hui Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Division of Bacterial Diseases, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, PR China
| | - Ziyin Cui
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Division of Bacterial Diseases, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, PR China
| | - Guanghui Dang
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Division of Bacterial Diseases, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, PR China
| | - Siguo Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Division of Bacterial Diseases, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, PR China
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Gray DM, Githinji L, Brittain K, Franckling-Smith Z, Bateman L, Prins M, Baard CB, McFarlane D, Nicol MP, Workman L, Zar HJ. Lung function trajectories in South African children with pulmonary tuberculosis compared to those with non-TB lower respiratory tract infection: a prospective study. Eur Respir J 2024; 63:2400216. [PMID: 38782467 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.00216-2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Diane M Gray
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital, and the SA-MRC Unit on Child and Adolescent Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- Joint first authors
| | - Leah Githinji
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital, and the SA-MRC Unit on Child and Adolescent Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- Joint first authors
| | - Kirsty Brittain
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital, and the SA-MRC Unit on Child and Adolescent Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Zoe Franckling-Smith
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital, and the SA-MRC Unit on Child and Adolescent Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Lindy Bateman
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital, and the SA-MRC Unit on Child and Adolescent Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Margaretha Prins
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital, and the SA-MRC Unit on Child and Adolescent Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Cynthia B Baard
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital, and the SA-MRC Unit on Child and Adolescent Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - David McFarlane
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital, and the SA-MRC Unit on Child and Adolescent Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Mark P Nicol
- Marshall Centre for Infection and Immunity, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Lesley Workman
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital, and the SA-MRC Unit on Child and Adolescent Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Heather J Zar
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital, and the SA-MRC Unit on Child and Adolescent Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
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Wang Z, Zhang X, Dai B, Li D, Chen X. Analysis of the potential regulatory mechanisms of female and latent genital tuberculosis affecting ovarian reserve function using untargeted metabolomics. Sci Rep 2024; 14:9519. [PMID: 38664479 PMCID: PMC11045857 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-60167-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Female and latent genital tuberculosis (FGTB and LGTB) in young women may lead to infertility by damaging ovarian reserve function, but the regulatory mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we investigated the effects of FGTB and LGTB on ovarian reserve function and potential regulatory mechanisms by untargeted metabolomics of follicular fluid, aiming to provide insights for the clinical management and treatment approaches for afflicted women. We recruited 19 patients with FGTB, 16 patients with LGTB, and 16 healthy women as a control group. Clinical data analysis revealed that both the FGTB and LGTB groups had significantly lower ovarian reserve marker levels compared to the control group, including lower anti-Müllerian hormone levels (FGTB: 0.82 [0.6, 1.1] μg/L; LGTB: 1.57 [1.3, 1.8] μg/L vs. control: 3.29 [2.9, 3.5] μg/L), reduced antral follicular counts (FGTB: 6 [5.5, 9.5]; LGTB: 10.5 [7, 12.3] vs. control: 17 [14.5, 18]), and fewer retrieved oocytes (FGTB: 3 [2, 5]; LGTB: 8 [4, 8.3] vs. control: 14.5 [11.5, 15.3]). Conversely, these groups exhibited higher ovarian response marker levels, such as longer gonadotropin treatment days (FGTB: 12 [10.5, 12.5]; LGTB: 11 [10.8, 11.3] vs. control: 10 [8.8, 10]) and increased gonadotropin dosage requirements (FGTB: 3300 [3075, 3637.5] U; LGTB: 3037.5 [2700, 3225] U vs. control: 2531.25 [2337.5, 2943.8] U). All comparisons were statistically significant at P < 0.05. The results suggested that FGTB and LGTB have adverse effects on ovarian reserve and response. Untargeted metabolomic analysis identified 92 and 80 differential metabolites in the control vs. FGTB and control vs. LGTB groups, respectively. Pathway enrichment analysis revealed significant alterations in metabolic pathways in the FGTB and LGTB groups compared to the control group (P < 0.05), with specific changes noted in galactose metabolism, biotin metabolism, steroid hormone biosynthesis, and nicotinate and nicotinamide metabolism in the FGTB group, and caffeine metabolism, primary bile acid biosynthesis, steroid hormone biosynthesis, and glycerophospholipid metabolism in the LGTB group. The analysis of metabolic levels has revealed the potential mechanisms by which FGTB and LGTB affect ovarian reserve function, namely through alterations in metabolic pathways. The study emphasizes the importance of comprehending the metabolic alterations associated with FGTB and LGTB, which is of considerable relevance for the clinical management and therapeutic approaches in afflicted women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhimin Wang
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010050, People's Republic of China
| | - Xueyan Zhang
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010050, People's Republic of China
| | - Bai Dai
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010050, People's Republic of China
| | - Debang Li
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010050, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiujuan Chen
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010050, People's Republic of China.
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Gupta VK, Vaishnavi VV, Arrieta-Ortiz ML, P S A, K M J, Jeyasankar S, Raghunathan V, Baliga NS, Agarwal R. 3D Hydrogel Culture System Recapitulates Key Tuberculosis Phenotypes and Demonstrates Pyrazinamide Efficacy. Adv Healthc Mater 2024:e2304299. [PMID: 38655817 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202304299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
The mortality caused by tuberculosis (TB) infections is a global concern, and there is a need to improve understanding of the disease. Current in vitro infection models to study the disease have limitations such as short investigation durations and divergent transcriptional signatures. This study aims to overcome these limitations by developing a 3D collagen culture system that mimics the biomechanical and extracellular matrix (ECM) of lung microenvironment (collagen fibers, stiffness comparable to in vivo conditions) as the infection primarily manifests in the lungs. The system incorporates Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infected human THP-1 or primary monocytes/macrophages. Dual RNA sequencing reveals higher mammalian gene expression similarity with patient samples than 2D macrophage infections. Similarly, bacterial gene expression more accurately recapitulates in vivo gene expression patterns compared to bacteria in 2D infection models. Key phenotypes observed in humans, such as foamy macrophages and mycobacterial cords, are reproduced in the model. This biomaterial system overcomes challenges associated with traditional platforms by modulating immune cells and closely mimicking in vivo infection conditions, including showing efficacy with clinically relevant concentrations of anti-TB drug pyrazinamide, not seen in any other in vitro infection model, making it reliable and readily adoptable for tuberculosis studies and drug screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vishal K Gupta
- Department of Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Science, CV Raman Road, Bengaluru, Karnataka, 560012, India
| | - Vijaya V Vaishnavi
- Department of Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Science, CV Raman Road, Bengaluru, Karnataka, 560012, India
| | | | - Abhirami P S
- Department of Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Science, CV Raman Road, Bengaluru, Karnataka, 560012, India
| | - Jyothsna K M
- Department of Electrical Communication Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, CV Raman Road, Bengaluru, Karnataka, 560012, India
| | - Sharumathi Jeyasankar
- Department of Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Science, CV Raman Road, Bengaluru, Karnataka, 560012, India
| | - Varun Raghunathan
- Department of Electrical Communication Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, CV Raman Road, Bengaluru, Karnataka, 560012, India
| | - Nitin S Baliga
- Institute of Systems Biology, 401 Terry Ave N, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Rachit Agarwal
- Department of Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Science, CV Raman Road, Bengaluru, Karnataka, 560012, India
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Kim D, Shin JI, Yoo IY, Jo S, Chu J, Cho WY, Shin SH, Chung YJ, Park YJ, Jung SH. GenoMycAnalyzer: a web-based tool for species and drug resistance prediction for Mycobacterium genomes. BMC Genomics 2024; 25:387. [PMID: 38643090 PMCID: PMC11031912 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-024-10320-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Drug-resistant tuberculosis (TB) is a major threat to global public health. Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) is a useful tool for species identification and drug resistance prediction, and many clinical laboratories are transitioning to WGS as a routine diagnostic tool. However, user-friendly and high-confidence automated bioinformatics tools are needed to rapidly identify M. tuberculosis complex (MTBC) and non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM), detect drug resistance, and further guide treatment options. RESULTS We developed GenoMycAnalyzer, a web-based software that integrates functions for identifying MTBC and NTM species, lineage and spoligotype prediction, variant calling, annotation, drug-resistance determination, and data visualization. The accuracy of GenoMycAnalyzer for genotypic drug susceptibility testing (gDST) was evaluated using 5,473 MTBC isolates that underwent phenotypic DST (pDST). The GenoMycAnalyzer database was built to predict the gDST for 15 antituberculosis drugs using the World Health Organization mutational catalogue. Compared to pDST, the sensitivity of drug susceptibilities by the GenoMycAnalyzer for first-line drugs ranged from 95.9% for rifampicin (95% CI 94.8-96.7%) to 79.6% for pyrazinamide (95% CI 76.9-82.2%), whereas those for second-line drugs ranged from 98.2% for levofloxacin (95% CI 90.1-100.0%) to 74.9% for capreomycin (95% CI 69.3-80.0%). Notably, the integration of large deletions of the four resistance-conferring genes increased gDST sensitivity. The specificity of drug susceptibilities by the GenoMycAnalyzer ranged from 98.7% for amikacin (95% CI 97.8-99.3%) to 79.5% for ethionamide (95% CI 76.4-82.3%). The incorporated Kraken2 software identified 1,284 mycobacterial species with an accuracy of 98.8%. GenoMycAnalyzer also perfectly predicted lineages for 1,935 MTBC and spoligotypes for 54 MTBC. CONCLUSIONS GenoMycAnalyzer offers both web-based and graphical user interfaces, which can help biologists with limited access to high-performance computing systems or limited bioinformatics skills. By streamlining the interpretation of WGS data, the GenoMycAnalyzer has the potential to significantly impact TB management and contribute to global efforts to combat this infectious disease. GenoMycAnalyzer is available at http://www.mycochase.org .
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Affiliation(s)
- Doyoung Kim
- Department of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jeong-Ih Shin
- Department of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
- Integrated Research Center for Genomic Polymorphism, Precision Medicine Research Center, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - In Young Yoo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sungjin Jo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Eunpyeong St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jiyon Chu
- Department of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | | | | | - Yeun-Jun Chung
- Department of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
- Integrated Research Center for Genomic Polymorphism, Precision Medicine Research Center, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
- Departments of Microbiology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yeon-Joon Park
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung-Hyun Jung
- Department of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.
- Integrated Research Center for Genomic Polymorphism, Precision Medicine Research Center, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.
- Departments of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-daero, Seoch-Gu, Seoul, 06591, Republic of Korea.
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Hong W, Yang H, Wang X, Shi J, Zhang J, Xie J. The Role of mRNA Alternative Splicing in Macrophages Infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis: A Field Needing to Be Discovered. Molecules 2024; 29:1798. [PMID: 38675618 PMCID: PMC11052237 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29081798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) is one of the major causes of human death. In its battle with humans, Mtb has fully adapted to its host and developed ways to evade the immune system. At the same time, the human immune system has developed ways to respond to Mtb. The immune system responds to viral and bacterial infections through a variety of mechanisms, one of which is alternative splicing. In this study, we summarized the overall changes in alternative splicing of the transcriptome after macrophages were infected with Mtb. We found that after infection with Mtb, cells undergo changes, including (1) directly reducing the expression of splicing factors, which affects the regulation of gene expression, (2) altering the original function of proteins through splicing, which can involve gene truncation or changes in protein domains, and (3) expressing unique isoforms that may contribute to the identification and development of tuberculosis biomarkers. Moreover, alternative splicing regulation of immune-related genes, such as IL-4, IL-7, IL-7R, and IL-12R, may be an important factor affecting the activation or dormancy state of Mtb. These will help to fully understand the immune response to Mtb infection, which is crucial for the development of tuberculosis biomarkers and new drug targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiling Hong
- Jinhua Advanced Research Institute, Jinhua 321019, China; (W.H.); (H.Y.); (X.W.); (J.S.)
| | - Hongxing Yang
- Jinhua Advanced Research Institute, Jinhua 321019, China; (W.H.); (H.Y.); (X.W.); (J.S.)
| | - Xiao Wang
- Jinhua Advanced Research Institute, Jinhua 321019, China; (W.H.); (H.Y.); (X.W.); (J.S.)
| | - Jingyi Shi
- Jinhua Advanced Research Institute, Jinhua 321019, China; (W.H.); (H.Y.); (X.W.); (J.S.)
| | - Jian Zhang
- Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou 311113, China;
| | - Jianping Xie
- Institute of Modern Biopharmaceuticals, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Eco-Environment and Bio-Resource of the Three Gorges Area, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China
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Wang Y, Yin S, Wang S, Rong K, Meng XH, Zhou H, Jiao L, Hou D, Jiang Z, He J, Mao Z. Proteomics study the potential targets for Rifampicin-resistant spinal tuberculosis. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1370444. [PMID: 38694916 PMCID: PMC11061718 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1370444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The escalating global surge in Rifampicin-resistant strains poses a formidable challenge to the worldwide campaign against tuberculosis (TB), particularly in developing countries. The frequent reports of suboptimal treatment outcomes, complications, and the absence of definitive treatment guidelines for Rifampicin-resistant spinal TB (DSTB) contribute significantly to the obstacles in its effective management. Consequently, there is an urgent need for innovative and efficacious drugs to address Rifampicin-resistant spinal tuberculosis, minimizing the duration of therapy sessions. This study aims to investigate potential targets for DSTB through comprehensive proteomic and pharmaco-transcriptomic analyses. Methods: Mass spectrometry-based proteomics analysis was employed to validate potential DSTB-related targets. PPI analysis confirmed by Immunohistochemistry (IHC) and Western blot analysis. Results: The proteomics analysis revealed 373 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs), with 137 upregulated and 236 downregulated proteins. Subsequent Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses delved into the DSTB-related pathways associated with these DEPs. In the context of network pharmacology analysis, five key targets-human leukocyte antigen A chain (HLAA), human leukocyte antigen C chain (HLA-C), HLA Class II Histocompatibility Antigen, DRB1 Beta Chain (HLA-DRB1), metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9), and Phospholipase C-like 1 (PLCL1)-were identified as pivotal players in pathways such as "Antigen processing and presentation" and "Phagosome," which are crucially enriched in DSTB. Moreover, pharmaco-transcriptomic analysis can confirm that 58 drug compounds can regulate the expression of the key targets. Discussion: This research confirms the presence of protein alterations during the Rifampicin-resistant process in DSTB patients, offering novel insights into the molecular mechanisms underpinning DSTB. The findings suggest a promising avenue for the development of targeted drugs to enhance the management of Rifampicin-resistant spinal tuberculosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanling Wang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Hereditary Birth Defects Prevention and Control, Changsha Hospital for Maternal & Child Healthcare Affiliated to Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Shijie Yin
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Hereditary Birth Defects Prevention and Control, Changsha Hospital for Maternal & Child Healthcare Affiliated to Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
- College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Shixiong Wang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Hereditary Birth Defects Prevention and Control, Changsha Hospital for Maternal & Child Healthcare Affiliated to Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
- College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Kuan Rong
- Hunan Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Xiang-He Meng
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Hereditary Birth Defects Prevention and Control, Changsha Hospital for Maternal & Child Healthcare Affiliated to Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Huashan Zhou
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Hereditary Birth Defects Prevention and Control, Changsha Hospital for Maternal & Child Healthcare Affiliated to Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Luo Jiao
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Hereditary Birth Defects Prevention and Control, Changsha Hospital for Maternal & Child Healthcare Affiliated to Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Da Hou
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Hereditary Birth Defects Prevention and Control, Changsha Hospital for Maternal & Child Healthcare Affiliated to Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhongjing Jiang
- Department of Spine Surgery and Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jun He
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Hereditary Birth Defects Prevention and Control, Changsha Hospital for Maternal & Child Healthcare Affiliated to Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Zenghui Mao
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Hereditary Birth Defects Prevention and Control, Changsha Hospital for Maternal & Child Healthcare Affiliated to Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
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Gunasekaran H, Sampath P, Thiruvengadam K, Malaisamy M, Ramasamy R, Ranganathan UD, Bethunaickan R. A systematic review and meta-analysis of circulating serum and plasma microRNAs in TB diagnosis. BMC Infect Dis 2024; 24:402. [PMID: 38622570 PMCID: PMC11017603 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-024-09232-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tuberculosis (TB) ranks as the second leading cause of death globally among all infectious diseases. This problem is likely due to the lack of biomarkers to differentiate the heterogeneous spectrum of infection. Therefore, the first step in solving this problem is to identify biomarkers to distinguish the different disease states of an individual and treat them accordingly. Circulating microRNA (miRNA) biomarkers are promising candidates for various diseases. In fact, we are yet to conceptualize how miRNA expression influences and predicts TB disease outcomes. Thus, this systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess the diagnostic efficacy of circulating miRNAs in Latent TB (LTB) and Active Pulmonary TB (PTB). METHODS Literature published between 2012 and 2021 was retrieved from PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane, Scopus, Embase, and Google Scholar. Articles were screened based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, and their quality was assessed using the QUADAS-2 tool. Funnel plots and forest plots were generated to assess the likelihood of study bias and heterogeneity, respectively. RESULTS After the screening process, seven articles were selected for qualitative analysis. The study groups, which consisted of Healthy Control (HC) vs. TB and LTB vs. TB, exhibited an overall sensitivity of 81.9% (95% CI: 74.2, 87.7) and specificity of 68.3% (95% CI: 57.8, 77.2), respectively. However, our meta-analysis results highlighted two potentially valuable miRNA candidates, miR-197 and miR-144, for discriminating TB from HC. The miRNA signature model (miR197-3p, miR-let-7e-5p, and miR-223-3p) has also been shown to diagnose DR-TB with a sensitivity of 100%, but with a compromised specificity of only 75%. CONCLUSION miRNA biomarkers show a promising future for TB diagnostics. Further multicentre studies without biases are required to identify clinically valid biomarkers for different states of the TB disease spectrum. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION PROSPERO (CRD42022302729).
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Affiliation(s)
- Harinisri Gunasekaran
- Department of Immunology, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis, No.1. Mayor Sathyamoorthy Road, 600 031, Chetpet, Chennai, India
- University of Madras, Chennai, India
| | - Pavithra Sampath
- Department of Immunology, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis, No.1. Mayor Sathyamoorthy Road, 600 031, Chetpet, Chennai, India
- University of Madras, Chennai, India
| | - Kannan Thiruvengadam
- Department of Epidemiology Statistics, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis, Chennai, India
| | - Muniyandi Malaisamy
- Department of Health Economics, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis, Chennai, India
| | - Rathinasabapati Ramasamy
- Library and Information Center, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis, Chennai, India
| | - Uma Devi Ranganathan
- Department of Immunology, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis, No.1. Mayor Sathyamoorthy Road, 600 031, Chetpet, Chennai, India
| | - Ramalingam Bethunaickan
- Department of Immunology, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis, No.1. Mayor Sathyamoorthy Road, 600 031, Chetpet, Chennai, India.
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Hu X, Chen C, Gao Q, Zhou L, Shao Y, Li G, Song H, Liu Q, Han L, Zhu L. Latent tuberculosis infection and infection-associated risk factors for miner workers with silicosis in eastern China. BMC Pulm Med 2024; 24:177. [PMID: 38622607 PMCID: PMC11017624 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-024-02985-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Silicosis people are at high risk of developing pulmonary tuberculosis. Whether silica exposure increases the likelihood of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) was not well understood, and potential factors involved in LTBI risk among silicosis people were not evaluated before. Thus, LTBI among silicosis people and potential risk factors for LTBI among silicosis people were evaluated in this study. METHODS A cross-sectional study was undertaken for 130 miner workers with silicosis. The QFT-GIT was performed for LTBI detection. RESULTS The LTBI was high to 31.6% (36/114) for silicosis participants, and 13.1% (13/99) had a history of tuberculosis. Drinking was associated with LTBI risk (OR = 6.92, 95%CI, 1.47-32.66, P = 0.015). Meanwhile, tunneling work was associated with an increased risk of LTBI compared with other mining occupations (OR = 3.91,95%CI,1.20-12.70, P = 0.024). CONCLUSIONS The LTBI rate of silicosis participants was high and more than 10% had a history of tuberculosis. Drinking alcohol and tunneling were independent risk factors for LTBI in silicosis participants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinsong Hu
- School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Cheng Chen
- Department of Chronic Communicable Disease, Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, China
| | - Qianqian Gao
- Department of Occupational Disease Prevention, Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, China
| | - Lang Zhou
- Department of Occupational Disease Prevention, Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, China
| | - Yan Shao
- Department of Chronic Communicable Disease, Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, China
| | - Guoli Li
- Department of Chronic Communicable Disease, Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, China
| | - Honghuan Song
- Department of Chronic Communicable Disease, Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, China
| | - Qiao Liu
- Department of Chronic Communicable Disease, Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, China
| | - Lei Han
- Department of Occupational Disease Prevention, Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, China.
| | - Limei Zhu
- School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
- Department of Chronic Communicable Disease, Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, China.
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Rijal R, Gomer RH. Gallein potentiates isoniazid's ability to suppress Mycobacterium tuberculosis growth. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1369763. [PMID: 38690363 PMCID: PMC11060752 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1369763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), the bacterium that causes tuberculosis (TB), can be difficult to treat because of drug tolerance. Increased intracellular polyphosphate (polyP) in Mtb enhances tolerance to antibiotics, and capsular polyP in Neisseria gonorrhoeae potentiates resistance to antimicrobials. The mechanism by which bacteria utilize polyP to adapt to antimicrobial pressure is not known. In this study, we found that Mtb adapts to the TB frontline antibiotic isoniazid (INH) by enhancing the accumulation of cellular, extracellular, and cell surface polyP. Gallein, a broad-spectrum inhibitor of the polyphosphate kinase that synthesizes polyP, prevents this INH-induced increase in extracellular and cell surface polyP levels. Gallein and INH work synergistically to attenuate Mtb's ability to grow in in vitro culture and within human macrophages. Mtb when exposed to INH, and in the presence of INH, gallein inhibits cell envelope formation in most but not all Mtb cells. Metabolomics indicated that INH or gallein have a modest impact on levels of Mtb metabolites, but when used in combination, they significantly reduce levels of metabolites involved in cell envelope synthesis and amino acid, carbohydrate, and nucleoside metabolism, revealing a synergistic effect. These data suggest that gallein represents a promising avenue to potentiate the treatment of TB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramesh Rijal
- Gomer Lab, Department of Biology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Richard H. Gomer
- Gomer Lab, Department of Biology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
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Xu Y, Zhang Q, Chen Z, Yang S, Chen H, Xiao X, Jiang H. Impact of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) therapy on interferon-γ release assay (IGRA) and diagnostic value in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. BMC Pulm Med 2024; 24:174. [PMID: 38609918 PMCID: PMC11010406 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-024-02980-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tuberculosis (TB), a highly contagious respiratory disease, presents a significant global health threat, with a notable increase in incidence reported by the WHO in 2022. Particularly, the interplay between TB and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) gains attention, especially considering the rising use of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in cancer treatment. This interplay may influence TB diagnostics and reactivation, warranting a closer examination. METHODS A retrospective analysis was conducted on clinical data of NSCLC patients with positive T-SPOT results before undergoing anti-tumor treatment at Zhongshan Hospital (Xiamen), Fudan University, from January 1, 2021 to December 31, 2022. We assessed the incidence of tuberculosis reactivation and treatment outcomes among these patients. Moreover, we compared the differences in tuberculosis activity between the ICIs and non-ICIs treatment groups. Additionally, we observed the changes in T-SPOT spot count before and after immunotherapy, analyzing their association with tuberculosis activity and prognosis. RESULTS A total of 40 NSCLC patients with positive T-SPOT results before treatment were included in the study, with 26 patients in the ICIs treatment group and 14 patients in the non-ICIs treatment group. The study found no significant differences between the two groups in terms of gender, age, stage, histological type, performance status, driver gene expression, and distant metastasis. With a median follow-up time of 10.0 (6.0-14.5) months, three cases (11.5%) in the ICIs treatment group developed tuberculosis activity, diagnosed at 2, 3, and 12 months after ICIs treatment initiation. Conversely, no tuberculosis activity was observed in the non-ICIs treatment group, and the difference between the two groups was not significant (P = 0.186). Among the 32 patients who received ICIs treatment, spot count dynamics were diverse: four cases (12.5%) showed an increase, 12 cases (37.5%) had no change, and 16 cases (50.0%) had a decrease. During the follow-up, the progression rate (PD) was 50.0%, 75.0%, and 62.5% in the three groups, respectively (P = 0.527). Similarly, the mortality rate was 0%, 25.0%, and 25.0%, respectively (P = 0.106). Interestingly, among the patients with decreased spot counts, three cases (18.75%) were diagnosed with active pulmonary tuberculosis. CONCLUSIONS For NSCLC patients with a positive T-SPOT response undergoing ICIs treatment, our study observed indications of active tuberculosis. The varied T-SPOT spot count changes post-ICIs treatment suggest a complex interaction, potentially linking T-SPOT spot count reduction to tuberculosis reactivation risk. These preliminary findings underscore the importance of further research to more accurately assess T-SPOT's diagnostic utility in this context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijiao Xu
- Zhongshan Hospital (Xiamen), Fudan University, Xiamen, China
- Xiamen Clinical Research Center for Cancer Therapy, Xiamen, China
| | - Qingwei Zhang
- Zhongshan Hospital (Xiamen), Fudan University, Xiamen, China
- Xiamen Clinical Research Center for Cancer Therapy, Xiamen, China
| | - Zhisheng Chen
- Zhongshan Hospital (Xiamen), Fudan University, Xiamen, China
- Xiamen Clinical Research Center for Cancer Therapy, Xiamen, China
| | - Shuwen Yang
- Zhongshan Hospital (Xiamen), Fudan University, Xiamen, China
- Xiamen Clinical Research Center for Cancer Therapy, Xiamen, China
| | - Haiyan Chen
- Zhongshan Hospital (Xiamen), Fudan University, Xiamen, China
- Xiamen Clinical Research Center for Cancer Therapy, Xiamen, China
| | - Xiong Xiao
- Zhongshan Hospital (Xiamen), Fudan University, Xiamen, China.
- Xiamen Clinical Research Center for Cancer Therapy, Xiamen, China.
| | - Hongni Jiang
- Zhongshan Hospital (Xiamen), Fudan University, Xiamen, China.
- Xiamen Clinical Research Center for Cancer Therapy, Xiamen, China.
- Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
- Fudan Zhangjiang Institute, Shanghai, China.
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Li M, Deng B, Huang Y, Li Q, Han J, Tang S, Chen L. Trends and risk factors for drug-resistant tuberculosis among children in Sichuan, China: A 10-year retrospective analysis, 2013-2022. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e37643. [PMID: 38608104 PMCID: PMC11018228 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000037643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
To investigate the status of the drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) among children in Sichuan, and to find out the risk factors and high-risk population related to drug resistance among children. The clinical data of tuberculosis patients ≤14 years old with culture-confirmed tuberculosis hospitalized in Chengdu Public Health Clinical Center from January 2013 through December 2022 were collected. Clinical data such as gender, age, ethnicity, history of anti-TB treatment, history of exposure to tuberculosis, nutritional status, and specific drug resistance of the children were collected and recorded. The drug resistance of children in different age groups (0-4 years old, 5-9 years old, 10-14 years old) and different periods (2013-2017 and 2018-2022) were grouped and compared. Logistic regression analysis was to analyze analysis of risk factors of drug resistance in children. A total of 438 children with culture-confirmed tuberculosis were screened. Among them, 26.19% (11/42) were 0 to 4 years old, 33.33% (22/66) were 5 to 9 years old, and 36.67% (121/330) were 10 to 14 years old among the resistant children. There was no statistically significant difference in the resistance rate among the 3 groups (P = .385). The proportions of DR-TB, monoresistant tuberculosis, polydrug-resistant tuberculosis were decreased during 2019 to 2022 compared with 2013 to 2017 (P < .0001). The resistance rates of drug resistant, monoresistant, polydrug-resistant, isoniazid-resistant, and rifampicin resistant during 2018 to 2022 were decreased compared with those from 2013 to 2017 (P < .05), but the multi-drug resistance rate was not decreased (P = .131, without statistical difference). The results of logistic regression analysis showed that male gender OR = 1.566 (95% CI 1.035-2.369), a history of antituberculosis therapy OR = 4.049 (95% CI 1.442-11.367), and pulmonary and extrapulmonary tuberculosis OR = 7.335 (95% CI 1.401-38.392) were risk factors for the development of drug resistance; but fever OR = 0.581 (95% CI 0.355-0.950) was Protective factor. The total drug resistance rate of children in Sichuan showed a downward trend, but the rate of multi-drug-resistant tuberculosis was still at a high level, and the form of drug resistance was still severe. Absence of fever, male, retreatment, and pulmonary concurrent with extrapulmonary tuberculosis are risk factors for DR-TB in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maoying Li
- Chengdu Public Health Clinic Center, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Bin Deng
- Chengdu Public Health Clinic Center, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yuhong Huang
- Chengdu Public Health Clinic Center, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Qiong Li
- Chengdu Public Health Clinic Center, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jing Han
- Chengdu Public Health Clinic Center, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | | | - Lei Chen
- Chengdu Public Health Clinic Center, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Savijoki K, Deptula P, Roberts RJ, Hammarén M, Yli-Kauhaluoma J, Varmanen P, Parikka M. Revised whole genome and DNA methylome of Mycobacterium marinum type strain ATCC 927 T. Microbiol Resour Announc 2024; 13:e0101623. [PMID: 38415640 PMCID: PMC11008211 DOI: 10.1128/mra.01016-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Mycobacterium marinum, a slow-growing Actinobacterium, typically induces tuberculosis-like disease in fish. Here, we report a new reference sequence for M. marinum ATCC 927T, along with its DNA methylome. This aims to maximize the research potential of this type strain and facilitates investigations into the pathomechanisms of human tuberculosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsi Savijoki
- Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Paulina Deptula
- Department of Food Science (FOOD), University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | | | - Milka Hammarén
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jari Yli-Kauhaluoma
- Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Pekka Varmanen
- Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mataleena Parikka
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
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Chai Y, Liu X, Bai G, Zhou N, Liu D, Zhang X, Li M, Li K, Lei H. Gut microbiome, T cell subsets, and cytokine analysis identify differential biomarkers in tuberculosis. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1323723. [PMID: 38650928 PMCID: PMC11033455 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1323723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction The gut microbiota, T cell subsets, and cytokines participate in tuberculosis (TB) pathogenesis. To date, the mechanisms by which these factors interactively promote TB development at different time points remain largely unclear. In the context of this study, We looked into the microorganisms in the digestive tract, T cell types, and cytokines related to tuberculosis. Methods According to QIIME2, we analyzed 16SrDNA sequencing of the gut microbiome on the Illumina MiSeq. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to measure the concentrations of cytokines. Results We showed the presence of 26 identifiable differential microbiomes in the gut and 44 metabolic pathways between healthy controls and the different time points in the development of TB in patients. Five bacterial genera (Bacteroides, Bifidobacterium, Faecalibacterium, Collinsella, and Clostridium) were most closely associated with CD4/CD8, whereas three bacterial taxa (Faecalibacterium, Collinsella, and Clostridium) were most closely associated with CD4. Three bacterial taxa (Faecalibacterium, Ruminococcus, and Dorea) were most closely associated with IL-4. Ruminococcus was most closely associated with IL-2 and IL-10. Conclusion Diverse microorganisms, subsets of T cells, and cytokines, exhibiting varying relative abundances and structural compositions, were observed in both healthy controls and patients throughout distinct phases of tuberculosis. Gaining insight into the function of the gut microbiome, T cell subsets, and cytokines may help modulate therapeutic strategies for TB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinghui Chai
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, the 8th Medical Center of People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, the 8th Medical Center of People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Guangliang Bai
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, the 8th Medical Center of People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Nannan Zhou
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, the 8th Medical Center of People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Danfeng Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, the 8th Medical Center of People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaomeng Zhang
- First Clinical Medical College, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, China
| | - Min Li
- First Clinical Medical College, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, China
| | - Kang Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, the 8th Medical Center of People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hong Lei
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, the 8th Medical Center of People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China
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Yi Y, Sun M, Lu J, Dou X, Yu Y, Zhou L. Psychometric Characteristics of the Chinese Version of the Tuberculosis Related-Stigma Scale in a Population of Medical Students and Its Correlation with Selected Demographic Characteristics. Risk Manag Healthc Policy 2024; 17:815-826. [PMID: 38595754 PMCID: PMC11003432 DOI: 10.2147/rmhp.s446068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Background As future health workers, medical students' attitudes towards tuberculosis (TB) patients can impact TB control. However, in China, there is a lack of well-quantified assessment regarding the stigma among medical students towards TB patients. Therefore, this study aimed to validate the Chinese version of the Tuberculosis related-Stigma Scale (TSS) in medical students and to apply the scale to measure stigma and its determinants. Methods A total of 1035 eligible medical students participated in the cross-sectional questionnaire. Exploratory factor analyses (EFA) and confirmatory factor analyses (CFA) were first conducted to test Chinese version of the TSS construct validity, and then internal consistency was assessed using Cronbach's α. Finally, multiple linear regression analyses were conducted to identify predictors of stigma. Results EFA extracted two factors ("Social distance" and "Exclusionary sentiments"). The CFA further confirmed the two-factor construct. The internal consistency, convergent and divergent validity of the adapted Chinese version of the TSS was acceptable. Furthermore, Whether one has received TB health education and whether know a person with TB are associated with all dimensions of TB stigma, while differences in sex and place of residence play different roles in influencing the different dimensions of stigma. Conclusion The adapted Chinese version of the TSS can be used to assess the level of stigma among medical students in China towards tuberculosis patients. When implementing future interventions to reduce stigma associated with TB, special attention should be given to medical students from urban areas, of male gender, who have not received TB health education, and no know a person with TB. However, these two dimensions ("Social distance" and "Exclusionary sentiments") are impacted by different determinants and should therefore be addressed separately when designing, implementing, and evaluating measures to reduce stigma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaohui Yi
- School of Public Health, Dalian Medical University, Dalian City, Liaoning Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Meng Sun
- School of Public Health, Dalian Medical University, Dalian City, Liaoning Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiachen Lu
- School of Public Health, Dalian Medical University, Dalian City, Liaoning Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaofeng Dou
- School of Public Health, Dalian Medical University, Dalian City, Liaoning Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yingying Yu
- School of Public Health, Dalian Medical University, Dalian City, Liaoning Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ling Zhou
- School of Public Health, Dalian Medical University, Dalian City, Liaoning Province, People’s Republic of China
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Ayenew B, Belay DM, Gashaw Y, Gimja W, Gardie Y. WHO's end of TB targets: unachievable by 2035 without addressing under nutrition, forced displacement, and homelessness: trend analysis from 2015 to 2022. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:961. [PMID: 38575958 PMCID: PMC10996214 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-18400-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant global health challenge, despite the World Health Organization (WHO) actively working towards its eradication through various initiatives and programs. Undernutrition, forced displacement, and homelessness worsen TB's burden and challenge control efforts; however, there is still no adequate research that shows the trend of these underlying factors to attain the WHO's ambitious TB targets. So, this study aims to analyze the trend analysis of these underlying factors worldwide from 2015 to 2022 and their impact on the feasibility and implications of reaching the End TB targets by 2035. We utilized international databases, including UNHCR, FAO, and WHO reports, as secondary data sources. Data were extracted chronologically from 2015 to 2022 to illustrate trends in undernutrition, forced displacement, and homelessness on a global level.This trend analysis reveals that undernutrition, forced displacement, and homelessness have worsened over time. Undernutrition rose from 8.4 to 9.8% globally between 2015 and 2021, affecting 22.7 million additional individuals each year. In 2022, undernutrition affected 735 million people globally. Africa (21.9%) and Asia (10.6%) had the highest rates, while Western Europe and North America had lower rates than the global average: 3.4% and 2.5%, respectively.Similarly, the global rate of forced displacement increased from 65.1 million people in 2015 to 108.4 million in 2022, a 21% increase from 2021. This means that an extra 19 million people were displaced in 2021. Globally, homelessness, affecting 1.6 billion people, has worsened over time. Despite being a highly vulnerable group to TB, homeless individuals are often neglected in TB control efforts. Our findings underscore the critical importance of addressing undernutrition, forced displacement, and homelessness in achieving the World Health Organization's ambitious End TB targets by 2035, as highlighted through trend analysis from 2015 to 2022. Implementing policies focusing on nutrition, stable housing, and the challenges faced by displaced populations is imperative for progress toward a TB-free world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Birhanu Ayenew
- Department of Adult Health Nursing, College of Health Science, Assosa University, Assosa, Ethiopia.
| | - Dawit Misganaw Belay
- Department of Midwifery, College of Health Sciences, Assosa University, Assosa, Ethiopia
| | - Yegoraw Gashaw
- Department of Pediatric and Child Health Nursing, College of Health Science, Assosa University, Assosa, Ethiopia
| | - Wondimu Gimja
- Department of Adult Health Nursing, College of Health Science, Assosa University, Assosa, Ethiopia
| | - Yimenu Gardie
- Department of Pediatric and Child Health Nursing, College of Health Science, Assosa University, Assosa, Ethiopia
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Le TN, Descanzo MJN, Hsiao WWW, Soo PC, Peng WP, Chang HC. Fluorescent nanodiamond immunosensors for clinical diagnostics of tuberculosis. J Mater Chem B 2024; 12:3533-3542. [PMID: 38526339 DOI: 10.1039/d3tb03038e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
Fluorescent nanodiamonds (FNDs) are carbon nanoparticles containing a dense ensemble of nitrogen-vacancy defects as color centers. These centers have exceptional photostability and unique quantum properties, making them useful for ultrasensitive biosensing applications. This work employed FNDs conjugated with antibodies as magneto-optical immunosensors for tuberculosis (TB) diagnostics using competitive spin-enhanced lateral flow immunoassay (SELFIA). ESAT6 (6-kDa early secretory antigenic target) of Mycobacterium tuberculosis is a clinical marker of TB. We evaluated the assay's performance using the recombinant ESAT6 antigen and its antibodies noncovalently coated on FNDs. A detection limit of ∼0.02 ng mL-1 was achieved with the lateral flow membrane strip pre-structured with a narrow channel of 1 mm width. Adopting a cut-off value of 24.0 ng mm-1 for 100-nm FNDs on the strips, the method detected 49 out of 50 clinical samples with Mycobacterium tuberculosis complexes. In contrast, none of the assays for 10 clinical samples with non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) isolates exhibited the presence of ESAT6. These results suggest that the SELFIA platform is applicable for TB detection and can differentiate TB from NTM infections, which also affect the human respiratory system. The FND-enabled immunosensing techniques are versatile and promising for early detection of TB and other diseases, opening a new avenue for biomedical applications of carbon-based nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trong-Nghia Le
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 106, Taiwan.
| | | | - Wesley W-W Hsiao
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Po-Chi Soo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97004, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital and Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97004, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Ping Peng
- Department of Physics, National Dong Hwa University, Shoufeng, Hualien 97401, Taiwan
| | - Huan-Cheng Chang
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 106, Taiwan.
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 106, Taiwan
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
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Fortune SM. The Titanic question in TB control: Should we worry about the bummock? Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2403321121. [PMID: 38527210 PMCID: PMC10998566 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2403321121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/27/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah M. Fortune
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA02115
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Kaushal H, Goyal G. Revisiting the tubercular zone: A poor prognostic finding on neuroimaging. J Neurosci Rural Pract 2024; 15:370-372. [PMID: 38746496 PMCID: PMC11090572 DOI: 10.25259/jnrp_476_2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Central nervous system tuberculosis accounts for approximately 1-2% of cases but with a high morbidity and mortality burden. A 37-year-old female presented with fever and headache for 15 days followed by altered sensorium with associated dystonic posturing of both upper limbs and lower limbs (left>right side). The patient's condition deteriorated despite optimal antitubercular treatment and other supportive measures for two weeks. An MRI brain was suggestive of areas of diffusion restriction in the right caudate nucleus, anterior limb of internal capsule, genu, and anteromedial thalamus. The patient ultimately succumbed to death. Tubercular zone infarctions carry an ominous prognosis and can be considered an indicator of morbidity and mortality in patients with tuberculous meningitis (TBM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Himanshu Kaushal
- Department of Neurology, Mahatma Gandhi Medical College and Hospital, RIICO Institutional Area, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Gourav Goyal
- Department of Neurology, Mahatma Gandhi Medical College and Hospital, RIICO Institutional Area, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
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Yadav V, Zohib M, Singh S, Pal RK, Tripathi S, Jain A, Biswal BK, Dasgupta A, Arora A. Structural and biophysical characterization of PadR family protein Rv1176c of Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 263:130455. [PMID: 38417748 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2024] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/01/2024]
Abstract
Rv1176c of Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv belongs to the PadR-s1 subfamily of the PadR family of protein. Rv1176c forms a stable dimer in solution. Its stability is characterized by a thermal melting transition temperature (Tm) of 39.4 °C. The crystal structure of Rv1176c was determined at a resolution of 2.94 Å, with two monomers in the asymmetric unit. Each monomer has a characteristic N-terminal winged-helix-turn-helix DNA-binding domain. Rv1176c C-terminal is a coiled-coil dimerization domain formed of α-helices α5 to α7. In the Rv1176c dimer, there is domain-swapping of the C-terminal domain in comparison to other PadR homologs. In the dimer, there is a long inter-subunit tunnel in which different ligands can bind. Rv1176c was found to bind to the promoter region of its own gene with high specificity. M. smegmatis MC2 155 genome lacks homolog of Rv1176c. Therefore, it was used as a surrogate to characterize the functional role of Rv1176c. Expression of Rv1176c in M. smegmatis MC2 155 cells imparted enhanced tolerance towards oxidative stress. Rv1176c expressing M. smegmatis MC2 155 cells exhibited enhanced intracellular survival in J774A.1 murine macrophage cells. Overall, our studies demonstrate Rv1176c to be a PadR-s1 subfamily transcription factor that can moderate the effect of oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikash Yadav
- Biochemistry and Structural Biology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Muhammad Zohib
- Biochemistry and Structural Biology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Shriya Singh
- Molecular Microbiology and Immunology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Ravi Kant Pal
- X-ray Crystallography Facility, National Institute of Immunology, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Sarita Tripathi
- Biochemistry and Structural Biology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Anupam Jain
- Biochemistry and Structural Biology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Bichitra Kumar Biswal
- X-ray Crystallography Facility, National Institute of Immunology, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Arunava Dasgupta
- Molecular Microbiology and Immunology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Ashish Arora
- Biochemistry and Structural Biology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India.
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