1
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Curti L, Landaburu G, Abécassis B, Fleury B. Chiroptical Properties of Semiconducting Nanoplatelets Functionalized by Tartrate Derivatives. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024; 40:11481-11490. [PMID: 38663023 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c00528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
Inducing chirality in semiconductor nanoparticles is a recent trend motivated by the possible applications in circularly polarized light emission, spintronics, or stereoselective synthesis. However, the previous reports on CdSe nanoplatelets (NPLs) exclusively rely on cysteine or its derivatives as chiral ligands to induce optical activity. Here, we show a strong induction of chirality with derivatives of tartaric acid obtained by a single-step synthesis. The ligand exchange procedure in organic solvent was optimized for five-monolayer (5 ML) NPLs but can also be performed on 4, 3, and 2 ML. We show that the features of the CD spectra change with structural modification of the ligands and that these chiral ligands interact mainly with the first light-hole (lh1) band rather than the first heavy-hole (hh1) band, contrary to cysteine. This result suggests that chiroptical properties could be used to probe CdSe nanoplatelets' surface ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Curti
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, IPCM, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Guillaume Landaburu
- ENSL, CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie UMR 5182, 46 allée d'Italie, 69364 Lyon France
| | - Benjamin Abécassis
- ENSL, CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie UMR 5182, 46 allée d'Italie, 69364 Lyon France
| | - Benoit Fleury
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, IPCM, F-75005 Paris, France
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2
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Firouzeh S, Hossain MA, Cuerva JM, Álvarez de Cienfuegos L, Pramanik S. Chirality-Induced Spin Selectivity in Composite Materials: A Device Perspective. Acc Chem Res 2024; 57:1478-1487. [PMID: 38687873 PMCID: PMC11112739 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.4c00077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
ConspectusMagnetism is an area of immense fundamental and technological importance. At the atomic level, magnetism originates from electron "spin". The field of nanospintronics (or nanoscale spin-based electronics) aims to control spins in nanoscale systems, which has resulted in astronomical improvement in data storage and magnetic field sensing technologies over the past few decades, recognized by the 2007 Nobel Prize in Physics. Spins in nanoscale solid-state devices can also act as quantum bits or qubits for emerging quantum technologies, such as quantum computing and quantum sensing.Due to the fundamental connection between magnetism and spins, ferromagnets play a key role in many solid-state spintronic devices. This is because at the Fermi level, electron density of states is spin-polarized, which permits ferromagnets to act as electrical injectors and detectors of spins. Ferromagnets, however, have limitations in terms of low spin polarization at the Fermi level, stray magnetic fields, crosstalk, and thermal instability at the nanoscale. Therefore, new physics and new materials are needed to propel spintronic and quantum device technologies to the true atomic limit. Emerging new phenomena such as chirality induced spin selectivity or CISS, in which an intriguing correlation between carrier spin and medium chirality is observed, could therefore be instrumental in nanospintronics. This effect could allow molecular-scale, chirality controlled spin injection and detection without the need for any ferromagnet, thus opening a fundamentally new direction for device spintronics.While CISS finds a myriad of applications in diverse areas such as chiral separation, recognition, detection, and asymmetric catalysis, in this focused Account, we exclusively review spintronic device results of this effect due to its immense potential for future spintronics. The first generation of CISS-based spintronic devices have primarily used chiral bioorganic molecules; however, many practical limitations of these materials have also been identified. Therefore, our discussion revolves around the family of chiral composite materials, which may emerge as an ideal platform for CISS due to their ability to assimilate various desirable material properties on a single platform. This class of materials has been extensively studied by the organic chemistry community in the past decades, and we discuss the various chirality transfer mechanisms that have been identified, which play a central role in CISS. Next, we discuss CISS device studies performed on some of these chiral composite materials. Emphasis is given to the family of chiral organic-carbon allotrope composites, which have been extensively studied by the authors of this Account over the past several years. Interestingly, due to the presence of multiple materials, CISS signals from hybrid chiral systems sometimes differ from those observed in purely chiral systems. Given the sheer diversity of chiral composite materials, CISS device studies so far have been limited to only a few varieties, and this Account is expected to draw increased attention to the family of chiral composites and motivate further studies of their CISS applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyedamin Firouzeh
- Department
of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Md Anik Hossain
- Department
of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Juan Manuel Cuerva
- Universidad
de Granada, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Unidad de Excelencia Química Aplicada a Biomedicina
y Medioambiente, C. U.
Fuentenueva, Avda. Severo Ochoa s/n, E-18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Luis Álvarez de Cienfuegos
- Universidad
de Granada, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Unidad de Excelencia Química Aplicada a Biomedicina
y Medioambiente, C. U.
Fuentenueva, Avda. Severo Ochoa s/n, E-18071 Granada, Spain
- Instituto
de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs., Avda. De Madrid, 15, E-18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Sandipan Pramanik
- Department
of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 1H9, Canada
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3
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Safari MR, Matthes F, Schneider CM, Ernst KH, Bürgler DE. Spin-Selective Electron Transport Through Single Chiral Molecules. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2308233. [PMID: 38050945 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202308233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
The interplay between chirality and magnetism is a source of fascination among scientists for over a century. In recent years, chirality-induced spin selectivity (CISS) has attracted renewed interest. It is observed that electron transport through layers of homochiral molecules leads to a significant spin polarization of several tens of percent. Despite the abundant experimental evidence gathered through mesoscopic transport measurements, the exact mechanism behind CISS remains elusive. This study reports spin-selective electron transport through single helical aromatic hydrocarbons that are sublimed in vacuo onto ferromagnetic cobalt surfaces and examined with spin-polarized scanning tunneling microscopy (SP-STM) at a temperature of 5 K. Direct comparison of two enantiomers under otherwise identical conditions revealed magnetochiral conductance asymmetries of up to 50% when either the molecular handedness is exchanged or the magnetization direction of the STM tip or Co substrate is reversed. Importantly, the results rule out electron-phonon coupling and ensemble effects as primary mechanisms responsible for CISS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Reza Safari
- Peter Grünberg Institute, Electronic Properties (PGI-6), Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425, Jülich, Germany
- Jülich Aachen Research Alliance (JARA-FIT), Fundamentals of Future Information Technology, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425, Jülich, Germany
| | - Frank Matthes
- Peter Grünberg Institute, Electronic Properties (PGI-6), Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425, Jülich, Germany
- Jülich Aachen Research Alliance (JARA-FIT), Fundamentals of Future Information Technology, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425, Jülich, Germany
| | - Claus M Schneider
- Peter Grünberg Institute, Electronic Properties (PGI-6), Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425, Jülich, Germany
- Jülich Aachen Research Alliance (JARA-FIT), Fundamentals of Future Information Technology, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425, Jülich, Germany
- Fakultät für Physik, Universität Duisburg-Essen, 47057, Duisburg, Germany
| | - Karl-Heinz Ernst
- Molecular Surface Science Group, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, 8600, Dübendorf, Switzerland
- Nanosurf Laboratory, Institute of Physics, The Czech Academy of Sciences, 16200, Prague, Czech Republic
- Institut für Chemie, Universität Zürich, 8057, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Daniel E Bürgler
- Peter Grünberg Institute, Electronic Properties (PGI-6), Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425, Jülich, Germany
- Jülich Aachen Research Alliance (JARA-FIT), Fundamentals of Future Information Technology, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425, Jülich, Germany
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4
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Wang Y, Liang P, Men Y, Jiang M, Cheng L, Li J, Jia T, Sun Z, Feng D. Light-induced photoluminescence enhancement in chiral CdSe quantum dot films. J Chem Phys 2024; 160:161102. [PMID: 38651809 DOI: 10.1063/5.0201365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Chiral quantum dots (QDs) are promising materials applied in many areas, such as chiral molecular recognition and spin selective filter for charge transport, and can be prepared by facile ligand exchange approaches. However, ligand exchange leads to an increase in surface defects and reduces the efficiencies of radiative recombination and charge transport, which restricts further applications. Here, we investigate the light-induced photoluminescence (PL) enhancement in chiral L- and D-cysteine CdSe QD thin films, providing a strategy to increase the PL. The PL intensity of chiral CdSe QD films can be significantly enhanced over 100 times by continuous UV laser irradiation, indicating a strong passivation of surface defects upon laser irradiation. From the comparative measurements of the PL intensity evolutions in vacuum, dry oxygen, air, and humid nitrogen atmospheres, we conclude that the mechanism of PL enhancement is photo-induced surface passivation with the assistance of water molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Pan Liang
- College of Arts and Sciences, Shanghai Dianji University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Yumeng Men
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Meizhen Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Lin Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Jinlei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Tianqing Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Zhenrong Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Donghai Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China
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5
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Mingoes CJ, Schroeder BC, Jorge Sobrido AB. Electron Spin Selective Iridium Electrocatalysts for the Oxygen Evolution Reaction. ACS MATERIALS AU 2024; 4:204-213. [PMID: 38496043 PMCID: PMC10941284 DOI: 10.1021/acsmaterialsau.3c00084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Highly efficient electrocatalysts for water electrolysis are crucial to the widespread commercialization of the technology and an important step forward toward a sustainable energy future. In this study, an alternative method for boosting the electrocatalytic activity toward the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) of a well-known electrocatalyst (iridium) is presented. Iridium nanoparticles (2.1 ± 0.2 nm in diameter) functionalized with chiral molecules were found to markedly enhance the activity of the OER when compared to unfunctionalized and achiral functionalized iridium nanoparticles. At a potential of 1.55 V vs Reference Hydrogen Electrode (RHE), chiral functionalized iridium nanoparticles exhibited an average 85% enhancement in activity with respect to unfunctionalized iridium nanoparticles compared to an average 13% enhancement for the achiral functionalized iridium nanoparticle. This activity enhancement is attributed to a spin-selective electron transfer mechanism taking place on the chiral functionalized catalysts, a characteristic induced by the chirality of the ligand. This alternative path for the OER drastically reduces the production of hydrogen peroxide, which was confirmed via a colorimetric method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos J. Mingoes
- School
of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen
Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, U.K.
| | - Bob C. Schroeder
- Chemistry
Department, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, U.K.
| | - Ana B. Jorge Sobrido
- School
of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen
Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, U.K.
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6
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Bloom BP, Paltiel Y, Naaman R, Waldeck DH. Chiral Induced Spin Selectivity. Chem Rev 2024; 124:1950-1991. [PMID: 38364021 PMCID: PMC10906005 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
Since the initial landmark study on the chiral induced spin selectivity (CISS) effect in 1999, considerable experimental and theoretical efforts have been made to understand the physical underpinnings and mechanistic features of this interesting phenomenon. As first formulated, the CISS effect refers to the innate ability of chiral materials to act as spin filters for electron transport; however, more recent experiments demonstrate that displacement currents arising from charge polarization of chiral molecules lead to spin polarization without the need for net charge flow. With its identification of a fundamental connection between chiral symmetry and electron spin in molecules and materials, CISS promises profound and ubiquitous implications for existing technologies and new approaches to answering age old questions, such as the homochiral nature of life. This review begins with a discussion of the different methods for measuring CISS and then provides a comprehensive overview of molecules and materials known to exhibit CISS-based phenomena before proceeding to identify structure-property relations and to delineate the leading theoretical models for the CISS effect. Next, it identifies some implications of CISS in physics, chemistry, and biology. The discussion ends with a critical assessment of the CISS field and some comments on its future outlook.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian P. Bloom
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Yossi Paltiel
- Applied
Physics Department and Center for Nano-Science and Nano-Technology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
| | - Ron Naaman
- Department
of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann
Institute, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - David H. Waldeck
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
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7
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Dai D, Zhang Y, Yang S, Kong W, Yang J, Zhang J. Recent Advances in Functional Materials for Optical Data Storage. Molecules 2024; 29:254. [PMID: 38202837 PMCID: PMC10780730 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29010254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
In the current data age, the fundamental research related to optical applications has been rapidly developed. Countless new-born materials equipped with distinct optical properties have been widely explored, exhibiting tremendous values in practical applications. The optical data storage technique is one of the most significant topics of the optical applications, which is considered as the prominent solution for conquering the challenge of the explosive increase in mass data, to achieve the long-life, low-energy, and super high-capacity data storage. On this basis, our review outlines the representative reports for mainly introducing the functional systems based on the newly established materials applied in the optical storage field. According to the material categories, the representative functional systems are divided into rare-earth doped nanoparticles, graphene, and diarylethene. In terms of the difference of structural features and delicate properties among the three materials, the application in optical storage is comprehensively illustrated in the review. Meanwhile, the potential opportunities and critical challenges of optical storage are also discussed in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dihua Dai
- China Hualu Group Co., Ltd., 717 Huangpu Road, Dalian 116023, China; (D.D.); (Y.Z.); (S.Y.); (W.K.)
| | - Yong Zhang
- China Hualu Group Co., Ltd., 717 Huangpu Road, Dalian 116023, China; (D.D.); (Y.Z.); (S.Y.); (W.K.)
| | - Siwen Yang
- China Hualu Group Co., Ltd., 717 Huangpu Road, Dalian 116023, China; (D.D.); (Y.Z.); (S.Y.); (W.K.)
| | - Weicheng Kong
- China Hualu Group Co., Ltd., 717 Huangpu Road, Dalian 116023, China; (D.D.); (Y.Z.); (S.Y.); (W.K.)
| | - Jie Yang
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Jijun Zhang
- China Hualu Group Co., Ltd., 717 Huangpu Road, Dalian 116023, China; (D.D.); (Y.Z.); (S.Y.); (W.K.)
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8
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Zhang DY, Sang Y, Das TK, Guan Z, Zhong N, Duan CG, Wang W, Fransson J, Naaman R, Yang HB. Highly Conductive Topologically Chiral Molecular Knots as Efficient Spin Filters. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:26791-26798. [PMID: 37972388 PMCID: PMC10722505 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c08966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Knot-like structures were found to have interesting magnetic properties in condensed matter physics. Herein, we report on topologically chiral molecular knots as efficient spintronic chiral material. The discovery of the chiral-induced spin selectivity (CISS) effect opens the possibility of manipulating the spin orientation with soft materials at room temperature and eliminating the need for a ferromagnetic electrode. In the chiral molecular trefoil knot, there are no stereogenic carbon atoms, and chirality results from the spatial arrangements of crossings in the trefoil knot structures. The molecules show a very high spin polarization of nearly 90%, a conductivity that is higher by about 2 orders of magnitude compared with that of other chiral small molecules, and enhanced thermal stability. A plausible explanation for these special properties is provided, combined with model calculations, that supports the role of electron-electron interaction in these systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan-Yang Zhang
- Shanghai
Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes & Shanghai
Frontiers Science Center of Molecule Intelligent Syntheses & Chang-Kung
Chuang Institute, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Yutao Sang
- Department
of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann
Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
- State
Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of
Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Tapan Kumar Das
- Department
of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann
Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Zhao Guan
- Key
Laboratory of Polar Materials and Devices (MOE) and State Key Laboratory
of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal
University, 500 Dongchuan Rd., Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Ni Zhong
- Key
Laboratory of Polar Materials and Devices (MOE) and State Key Laboratory
of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal
University, 500 Dongchuan Rd., Shanghai 200241, China
- Collaborative
Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi
University, Taiyuan 237016 Shanxi, China
| | - Chun-Gang Duan
- Key
Laboratory of Polar Materials and Devices (MOE) and State Key Laboratory
of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal
University, 500 Dongchuan Rd., Shanghai 200241, China
- Collaborative
Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi
University, Taiyuan 237016 Shanxi, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Shanghai
Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes & Shanghai
Frontiers Science Center of Molecule Intelligent Syntheses & Chang-Kung
Chuang Institute, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Jonas Fransson
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Uppsala 75236, Sweden
| | - Ron Naaman
- Department
of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann
Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Hai-Bo Yang
- Shanghai
Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes & Shanghai
Frontiers Science Center of Molecule Intelligent Syntheses & Chang-Kung
Chuang Institute, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
- Institute
of Eco-Chongming, Shanghai 202162, China
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9
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Ko CH, Zhu Q, Bullard G, Tassinari F, Morisue M, Naaman R, Therien MJ. Electron Spin Polarization and Rectification Driven by Chiral Perylene Diimide-Based Nanodonuts. J Phys Chem Lett 2023; 14:10271-10277. [PMID: 37939254 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c02722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
The chirality-induced spin selectivity (CISS) effect allows thin-film layers of chiral conjugated molecules to function as spin filters at ambient temperature. Through solvent-modulated dropcasting of chiral l- and d-perylene diimide (PDI) monomeric building blocks, two types of aggregate morphologies, nanofibers and nanodonuts, may be realized. Spin-diode behavior is evidenced in the nanodonut structures. Stacked PDI units, which form the conjugated core of these nanostructures, dominate the nanodonut-Au electrode contact; in contrast, the AFM tip contacts largely the high-resistance solubilizing alkyl chains of the chiral monomers that form these nanodonuts. Current-voltage responses of the nanodonuts, measured by magnetic conductive AFM (mC-AFM), demonstrate substantial spin polarizations as well as spin current rectification ratios (>10) that exceed the magnitudes of those determined to date for other chiral nanoscale systems. These results underscore the potential for chiral nanostructures, featuring asymmetric molecular junctions, to enable CISS-based nanoscale spin current rectifiers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Hung Ko
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Qirong Zhu
- Department of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - George Bullard
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Francesco Tassinari
- Department of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Mitsuhiko Morisue
- Department of Molecular Chemistry and Engineering, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan
| | - Ron Naaman
- Department of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Michael J Therien
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
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10
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Bian Z, Nakano Y, Miyata K, Oya I, Nobuoka M, Tsutsui Y, Seki S, Suda M. Chiral Van Der Waals Superlattices for Enhanced Spin-Selective Transport and Spin-Dependent Electrocatalytic Performance. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2306061. [PMID: 37695880 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202306061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
The emergence of the chiral-induced spin-selectivity (CISS) effect offers a new avenue for chiral organic molecules to autonomously manipulate spin configurations, thereby opening up possibilities in spintronics and spin-dependent electrochemical applications. Despite extensive exploration of various chiral systems as spin filters, one often encounters challenges in achieving simultaneously high conductivity and high spin polarization (SP). In this study, a promising chiral van der Waals superlattice, specifically the chiral TiS2 crystal, is synthesized via electrochemical intercalation of chiral molecules into a metallic TiS2 single crystal. Multiple tunneling processes within the highly ordered chiral layered structure of chiral TiS2 superlattices result in an exceptionally high SP exceeding 90%. This remarkable observation of significantly high SP within the linear transport regime is unprecedented. Furthermore, the chiral TiS2 electrode exhibits enhanced catalytic activity for oxygen evolution reaction (OER) due to its remarkable spin-selectivity for triplet oxygen evolution. The OER performance of chiral TiS2 superlattice crystals presented here exhibits superior characteristics to previously reported chiral MoS2 catalysts, with an approximately tenfold increase in current density. The combination of metallic conductivity and high SP sets the stage for the development of a new generation of CISS materials, enabling a wide range of electron spin-based applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyun Bian
- Department of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto, 615-8510, Japan
| | - Yuki Nakano
- Department of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto, 615-8510, Japan
| | - Keisuke Miyata
- Department of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto, 615-8510, Japan
| | - Ichiro Oya
- Department of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto, 615-8510, Japan
| | - Masaki Nobuoka
- Department of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto, 615-8510, Japan
| | - Yusuke Tsutsui
- Department of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto, 615-8510, Japan
- JST-PRESTO, Honcho 4-1-8, Kawaguchi, Saitama, 332-0012, Japan
| | - Shu Seki
- Department of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto, 615-8510, Japan
| | - Masayuki Suda
- Department of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto, 615-8510, Japan
- JST-PRESTO, Honcho 4-1-8, Kawaguchi, Saitama, 332-0012, Japan
- JST-FOREST, Honcho 4-1-8, Kawaguchi, Saitama, 332-0012, Japan
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11
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Hedegård P. Spin dynamics and chirality induced spin selectivity. J Chem Phys 2023; 159:104104. [PMID: 37694743 DOI: 10.1063/5.0160233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
By now, it is well known that chiral molecules can affect the spin of electrons passing through. In addition, the magnetization of, e.g., nanomagnets covered by chiral molecules can be affected by the presence of molecules. We are studying the mechanisms that explain various observations involving combinations of magnets and chiral molecules. We find that there exists a molecule induced contribution to the magnetic anisotropy of the magnets. Out of equilibrium, when electrons are actually being transported through a nano-magnet covered with chiral molecules, a molecule induced torque acting on the magnetization is emerging. It is of the spin-transfer-torque kind, already discussed in other parts of spintronics. This current induced torque can help explain the observed breaking of the Onsager reciprocity principle in experiments involving magnets and chiral molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Per Hedegård
- Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, Copenhagen 2100, Denmark
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12
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Theiler PM, Ritz C, Hofmann R, Stemmer A. Detection of a Chirality-Induced Spin Selective Quantum Capacitance in α-Helical Peptides. NANO LETTERS 2023; 23:8280-8287. [PMID: 37650519 PMCID: PMC10510583 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c02483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Advanced Kelvin probe force microscopy simultaneously detects the quantum capacitance and surface potential of an α-helical peptide monolayer. These indicators shift when either the magnetic polarization or the enantiomer is toggled. A model based on a triangular quantum well in thermal and chemical equilibrium and electron-electron interactions allows for calculating the electrical potential profile from the measured data. The combination of the model and the measurements shows that no global charge transport is required to produce effects attributed to the chirality-induced spin selectivity effect. These experimental findings support the theoretical model of Fransson et al. Nano Letters 2021, 21 (7), 3026-3032. Measurements of the quantum capacitance represent a new way to test and refine theoretical models used to explain strong spin polarization due to chirality-induced spin selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pius Markus Theiler
- Nanotechnology
Group, ETH Zürich, Säumerstrasse 4, 8803 Rüschlikon, Switzerland
| | - Christian Ritz
- Nanotechnology
Group, ETH Zürich, Säumerstrasse 4, 8803 Rüschlikon, Switzerland
| | - Raphael Hofmann
- Laboratory
of Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Stemmer
- Nanotechnology
Group, ETH Zürich, Säumerstrasse 4, 8803 Rüschlikon, Switzerland
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13
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Malatong R, Sato T, Kumsampao J, Minato T, Suda M, Promarak V, Yamamoto HM. Highly Durable Spin Filter Switching Based on Self-Assembled Chiral Molecular Motor. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2302714. [PMID: 37154235 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202302714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Chiral molecules have recently received renewed interest as highly efficient sources of spin-selective charge emission known as chiral-induced spin selectivity (CISS), which potentially offers a fascinating utilization of organic chiral materials in novel solid-state spintronic devices. However, a practical use of CISS remains far from completion, and rather fundamental obstacles such as (i) external controllability of spin, (ii) function durability, and (iii) improvement of spin-polarization efficiency have not been surmounted to date. In this study, these issues are addressed by developing a self-assembled monolayer (SAM) of overcrowded alkene (OCA)-based molecular motor. With this system, it is successfully demonstrated that the direction of spin polarization can be externally and repeatedly manipulated in an extremely stable manner by switching the molecular chirality, which is achieved by a formation of the covalent bonds between the molecules and electrode. In addition, it is found that a higher stereo-ordering architecture of the SAM of OCAs tailored by mixing them with simple alkanethiols considerably enhances the efficiency of spin polarization per a single OCA molecule. All these findings provide the creditable feasibility study for strongly boosting development of CISS-based spintronic devices that can simultaneously fulfill the controllability, durability, and high spin-polarization efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruttapol Malatong
- Institute for Molecular Science, Myodaiji, Okazaki, 444-8585, Japan
- The Graduate University for Advanced Studies, Myodaiji, Okazaki, 444-8585, Japan
- Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology (VISTEC), Rayong, 21210, Thailand
| | - Takuro Sato
- Institute for Molecular Science, Myodaiji, Okazaki, 444-8585, Japan
- The Graduate University for Advanced Studies, Myodaiji, Okazaki, 444-8585, Japan
| | - Jakkapan Kumsampao
- Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology (VISTEC), Rayong, 21210, Thailand
| | - Taketoshi Minato
- Institute for Molecular Science, Myodaiji, Okazaki, 444-8585, Japan
| | - Masayuki Suda
- Department of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto, 615-8510, Japan
| | - Vinich Promarak
- Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology (VISTEC), Rayong, 21210, Thailand
| | - Hiroshi M Yamamoto
- Institute for Molecular Science, Myodaiji, Okazaki, 444-8585, Japan
- The Graduate University for Advanced Studies, Myodaiji, Okazaki, 444-8585, Japan
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14
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Wei J, Bloom BP, Dunlap-Shohl WA, Clever CB, Rivas JE, Waldeck DH. Examining the Effects of Homochirality for Electron Transfer in Protein Assemblies. J Phys Chem B 2023; 127:6462-6469. [PMID: 37463031 PMCID: PMC10388353 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.3c02913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
Protein voltammetry studies of cytochrome c, immobilized on chiral tripeptide monolayer films, reveal the importance of the electron spin and the film's homochirality on electron transfer kinetics. Magnetic film electrodes are used to examine how an asymmetry in the standard heterogeneous electron transfer rate constant arises from changes in the electron spin direction and the enantiomer composition of the tripeptide monolayer; rate constant asymmetries as large as 60% are observed. These findings are rationalized in terms of the chiral induced spin selectivity effect and spin-dependent changes in electronic coupling. Lastly, marked differences in the average rate constant are shown between homochiral ensembles, in which the peptide and protein possess the same enantiomeric form, compared to heterochiral ensembles, where the handedness of the peptide layer is opposite to that of the protein or itself comprises heterochiral building blocks. These data demonstrate a compelling rationale for why nature is homochiral; namely, spin alignment in homochiral systems enables more efficient energy transduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jimeng Wei
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Brian P Bloom
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Wiley A Dunlap-Shohl
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Caleb B Clever
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - José E Rivas
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - David H Waldeck
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
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15
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Huisman KH, Heinisch JBMY, Thijssen JM. CISS effect: Magnetocurrent-voltage characteristics with Coulomb interactions. II. J Chem Phys 2023; 158:2887768. [PMID: 37130070 DOI: 10.1063/5.0148748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023] Open
Abstract
One of the manifestations of chirality-induced spin selectivity is the appearance of a magnetocurrent. Magnetocurrent is defined as the difference between the charge currents at finite bias in a two terminal device for opposite magnetizations of one of the leads. In experiments on chiral molecules assembled in monolayers the magnetocurrent is dominantly odd in bias voltage, while theory often yields an even one. From theory it is known that the spin-orbit coupling and chirality of the molecule can only generate a finite magnetocurrent in the presence of interactions, either of the electrons with vibrational modes or among themselves, through the Coulomb interaction. Here we analytically show that the magnetocurrent in bipartite-chiral structures mediated through Coulomb interactions is exactly even in the wide band limit and exactly odd for semi-infinite leads due to the bipartite lattice symmetry of the Green's function. Our numerical results confirm these analytical findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- K H Huisman
- Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, 2628 CJ Delft, The Netherlands
| | - J B M Y Heinisch
- Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, 2628 CJ Delft, The Netherlands
| | - J M Thijssen
- Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, 2628 CJ Delft, The Netherlands
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16
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Huisman KH, Heinisch JBMY, Thijssen JM. Chirality-Induced Spin Selectivity (CISS) Effect: Magnetocurrent-Voltage Characteristics with Coulomb Interactions I. THE JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY. C, NANOMATERIALS AND INTERFACES 2023; 127:6900-6905. [PMID: 37081995 PMCID: PMC10108364 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.2c08807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
One of the manifestations of chirality-induced spin selectivity (CISS) is the appearance of a magnetocurrent. Magnetocurrent is the observation that the charge currents at finite bias in a two terminal device for opposite magnetizations of one of the leads differ. Magnetocurrents can only occur in the presence of interactions of the electrons either with vibrational modes or among themselves through the Coulomb interaction. In experiments on chiral molecules assembled in monolayers, the magnetocurrent seems to be dominantly cubic (odd) in bias voltage while theory finds a dominantly even bias voltage dependence. Thus far, theoretical work has predicted a magnetocurrent which is even bias. Here we analyze the bias voltage dependence of the magnetocurrent numerically and analytically involving the spin-orbit and Coulomb interactions (through the Hartree-Fock and Hubbard One approximations). For both approximations it is found that for strong Coulomb interactions the magnetocurrent is dominantly odd in bias voltage, confirming the symmetry observed in experiment.
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17
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Kwon YH, Joh YA, Leonard BM, Balaz M, Varga K. Threonine functionalized colloidal cadmium sulfide (CdS) quantum dots: the role of solvent and counterion in ligand included chiroptical properties. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 642:771-778. [PMID: 37037081 PMCID: PMC10164713 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.03.177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
The functionalization of semiconductor nanocrystals, quantum dots (QDs), with small organic molecules has been studied extensively to gain better knowledge on how to tune the electronic, optical and chiroptical properties of QDs. Chiral QDs have progressively emerged as key materials in a vast range of applications including biosensing and biorecognition, imaging, asymmetric catalysis, optoelectronic devices, and spintronics. To engage the full potential of the unique properties of chiral nanomaterials and be able to prepare them with tailorable chiroptical characteristics, it is essential to understand how chirality is rendered from chiral molecular ligands at the surface of nanocrystals to the electronic states of QDs. Using a series of polar protic and aprotic solvents together with ammonium (NH4+), tetramethylammonium (TMA+), and tetrabutylammonium (TBA+) countercations in the preparation of threonine-functionalized cadmium sulfide (Thr-CdS) QDs by phase transfer ligand exchange approach, we demonstrated the significance of the role both the solvent and the countercations play in the transfer of chirality from chiral molecular ligand to achiral semiconductor QDs as apparent by the modulations of the signatures and anisotropy of the circular dichroism (CD) spectra. Moreover, we have utilized tetrabutylammonium countercation to successfully synthesize chiral QDs in nonpolar cyclohexane solvent for the first time. This study provides further insights into the origin of the ligand induced chirality of colloidal nanomaterials and facilitates the synthesis of tailormade chiral QDs.
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18
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Maiti A, Pal AJ. Spin-Selective Charge Transport in Lead-Free Chiral Perovskites: The Key towards High-Anisotropy in Circularly-Polarized Light Detection. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202214161. [PMID: 36325645 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202214161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
A pair of zero-dimensional lead-free chiral perovskites is introduced towards the detection of circularly polarized light (CPL). Although spin-polarized carriers are generated in the perovskites under the CPL, the absorption anisotropy remained low leading to mostly similar density of photogenerated carriers under the two CPLs. Interestingly, due to the intrinsic chirality in the perovskites, they exhibited chirality-induced spin-selectivity (CISS) allowing the transport of only one type of spin-half states. A high anisotropy in photocurrent along the out-of-plane direction has therefore appeared resulting in a spin-dependent photovoltaic effect in vertical heterojunction devices and making them suitable for CPL detection. While a self-powered CPL detector showed a limited (but one of the highest to date) anisotropy factor of 0.3 due to possible spin-flips during the transport process, the factor rose to 0.6 under bias prompting extension of the effective spin-diffusion length.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Maiti
- School of Physical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 700032, Kolkata, India
| | - Amlan J Pal
- School of Physical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 700032, Kolkata, India.,UGC-DAE Consortium for Scientific Research, University Campus, Khandwa Road, 452001, Indore, India
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19
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Clever C, Wierzbinski E, Bloom BP, Lu Y, Grimm HM, Rao SR, Horne WS, Waldeck DH. Benchmarking Chiral Induced Spin Selectivity Measurements ‐ Towards Meaningful Comparisons of Chiral Biomolecule Spin Polarizations. Isr J Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ijch.202200045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Caleb Clever
- Department of Chemistry University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA 15260 USA
| | - Emil Wierzbinski
- Department of Chemistry University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA 15260 USA
| | - Brian P. Bloom
- Department of Chemistry University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA 15260 USA
| | - Yiyang Lu
- Department of Chemistry University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA 15260 USA
| | - Haley M. Grimm
- Department of Chemistry University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA 15260 USA
| | - Silpa R. Rao
- Department of Chemistry University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA 15260 USA
| | - W. Seth Horne
- Department of Chemistry University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA 15260 USA
| | - David H. Waldeck
- Department of Chemistry University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA 15260 USA
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20
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Kwon J, Choi WJ, Jeong U, Jung W, Hwang I, Park KH, Ko SG, Park SM, Kotov NA, Yeom J. Recent advances in chiral nanomaterials with unique electric and magnetic properties. NANO CONVERGENCE 2022; 9:32. [PMID: 35851425 PMCID: PMC9294134 DOI: 10.1186/s40580-022-00322-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Research on chiral nanomaterials (NMs) has grown radically with a rapid increase in the number of publications over the past decade. It has attracted a large number of scientists in various fields predominantly because of the emergence of unprecedented electric, optical, and magnetic properties when chirality arises in NMs. For applications, it is particularly informative and fascinating to investigate how chiral NMs interact with electromagnetic waves and magnetic fields, depending on their intrinsic composition properties, atomic distortions, and assembled structures. This review provides an overview of recent advances in chiral NMs, such as semiconducting, metallic, and magnetic nanostructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyoung Kwon
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Jin Choi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Ave., Livermore, CA, 94551, USA
| | - Uichang Jeong
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Wookjin Jung
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Inkook Hwang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Hyun Park
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Seowoo Genevieve Ko
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Min Park
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Nicholas A Kotov
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
- Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
| | - Jihyeon Yeom
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.
- Institute for Health Science and Technology, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.
- Institute for the Nanocentury, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.
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21
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Control of light, spin and charge with chiral metal halide semiconductors. Nat Rev Chem 2022; 6:470-485. [PMID: 37117313 DOI: 10.1038/s41570-022-00399-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The relationship between the structural asymmetry and optoelectronic properties of functional materials is an active area of research. The movement of charges through an oriented chiral medium depends on the spin configuration of the charges, and such systems can be used to control spin populations without magnetic components - termed the chiral-induced spin selectivity (CISS) effect. CISS has mainly been studied in chiral organic molecules and their assemblies. Semiconductors are non-magnetic extended systems that allow for the control of charge transport, as well as the absorption and emission of light. Therefore, introducing chirality into semiconductors would enable control over charge, spin and light without magnetic components. Chiral metal halide semiconductors (MHSs) are hybrid organic-inorganic materials that combine the properties of small chiral organic molecules with those of extended inorganic semiconductors. Reports of CISS in chiral MHSs have resulted in breakthroughs in our understanding of CISS and in the realization of spin-dependent optoelectronic properties. This Review examines the fundamentals and applications of CISS in chiral MHSs. The structural diversity and key structure-property relationships, such as chiral transfer from the organic to the inorganic components, are summarized. With a focus on the underlying chemistry and physics, the control of spin, light and charge in these semiconductors is explored.
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22
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Bian Z, Kato K, Ogoshi T, Cui Z, Sa B, Tsutsui Y, Seki S, Suda M. Hybrid Chiral MoS 2 Layers for Spin-Polarized Charge Transport and Spin-Dependent Electrocatalytic Applications. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2201063. [PMID: 35481673 PMCID: PMC9189682 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202201063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The chiral-induced spin selectivity effect enables the application of chiral organic materials for spintronics and spin-dependent electrochemical applications. It is demonstrated on various chiral monolayers, in which their conversion efficiency is limited. On the other hand, relatively high spin polarization (SP) is observed on bulk chiral materials; however, their poor electronic conductivities limit their application. Here, the design of chiral MoS2 with a high SP and high conductivity is reported. Chirality is introduced to the MoS2 layers through the intercalation of methylbenzylamine molecules. This design approach activates multiple tunneling channels in the chiral layers, which results in an SP as high as 75%. Furthermore, the spin selectivity suppresses the production of H2 O2 by-product and promotes the formation of ground state O2 molecules during the oxygen evolution reaction. These potentially improve the catalytic activity of chiral MoS2 . The synergistic effect is demonstrated as an interplay of the high SP and the high catalytic activity of the MoS2 layer on the performance of the chiral MoS2 for spin-dependent electrocatalysis. This novel approach employed here paves way for the development of other novel chiral systems for spintronics and spin-dependent electrochemical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyun Bian
- Department of Molecular EngineeringGraduate School of EngineeringKyoto UniversityNishikyo‐kuKyoto615‐8510Japan
| | - Kenichi Kato
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological ChemistryGraduate School of EngineeringKyoto UniversityNishikyo‐kuKyoto615‐8510Japan
| | - Tomoki Ogoshi
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological ChemistryGraduate School of EngineeringKyoto UniversityNishikyo‐kuKyoto615‐8510Japan
| | - Zhou Cui
- Key Laboratory of Ecomaterials Advanced TechnologyCollege of Materials Science and EngineeringFuzhou UniversityFuzhou350108P. R. China
| | - Baisheng Sa
- Key Laboratory of Ecomaterials Advanced TechnologyCollege of Materials Science and EngineeringFuzhou UniversityFuzhou350108P. R. China
| | - Yusuke Tsutsui
- Department of Molecular EngineeringGraduate School of EngineeringKyoto UniversityNishikyo‐kuKyoto615‐8510Japan
- JST‐PRESTOHoncho 4‐1‐8KawaguchiSaitama332‐0012Japan
| | - Shu Seki
- Department of Molecular EngineeringGraduate School of EngineeringKyoto UniversityNishikyo‐kuKyoto615‐8510Japan
| | - Masayuki Suda
- Department of Molecular EngineeringGraduate School of EngineeringKyoto UniversityNishikyo‐kuKyoto615‐8510Japan
- JST‐PRESTOHoncho 4‐1‐8KawaguchiSaitama332‐0012Japan
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23
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Abstract
The chiral-induced spin selectivity (CISS) effect is usually associated with electrons passing through chiral molecules. There are a number of experiments where external electrical fields rearrange electrons inside otherwise isolated molecules, allegedly also generating spin polarization of the molecule. There are theoretical suggestions of pairs of molecules generating spin polarizations in each other due to fluctuating electrical dipoles. This paper critically theoretically evaluates such spin-dependent charge reorganization (SDCR) effects. We find that such effects are not ruled out in principle, but they are very small and probably not detectable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Per Hedegård
- Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
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24
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Aiello CD, Abendroth JM, Abbas M, Afanasev A, Agarwal S, Banerjee AS, Beratan DN, Belling JN, Berche B, Botana A, Caram JR, Celardo GL, Cuniberti G, Garcia-Etxarri A, Dianat A, Diez-Perez I, Guo Y, Gutierrez R, Herrmann C, Hihath J, Kale S, Kurian P, Lai YC, Liu T, Lopez A, Medina E, Mujica V, Naaman R, Noormandipour M, Palma JL, Paltiel Y, Petuskey W, Ribeiro-Silva JC, Saenz JJ, Santos EJG, Solyanik-Gorgone M, Sorger VJ, Stemer DM, Ugalde JM, Valdes-Curiel A, Varela S, Waldeck DH, Wasielewski MR, Weiss PS, Zacharias H, Wang QH. A Chirality-Based Quantum Leap. ACS NANO 2022; 16:4989-5035. [PMID: 35318848 PMCID: PMC9278663 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c01347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
There is increasing interest in the study of chiral degrees of freedom occurring in matter and in electromagnetic fields. Opportunities in quantum sciences will likely exploit two main areas that are the focus of this Review: (1) recent observations of the chiral-induced spin selectivity (CISS) effect in chiral molecules and engineered nanomaterials and (2) rapidly evolving nanophotonic strategies designed to amplify chiral light-matter interactions. On the one hand, the CISS effect underpins the observation that charge transport through nanoscopic chiral structures favors a particular electronic spin orientation, resulting in large room-temperature spin polarizations. Observations of the CISS effect suggest opportunities for spin control and for the design and fabrication of room-temperature quantum devices from the bottom up, with atomic-scale precision and molecular modularity. On the other hand, chiral-optical effects that depend on both spin- and orbital-angular momentum of photons could offer key advantages in all-optical and quantum information technologies. In particular, amplification of these chiral light-matter interactions using rationally designed plasmonic and dielectric nanomaterials provide approaches to manipulate light intensity, polarization, and phase in confined nanoscale geometries. Any technology that relies on optimal charge transport, or optical control and readout, including quantum devices for logic, sensing, and storage, may benefit from chiral quantum properties. These properties can be theoretically and experimentally investigated from a quantum information perspective, which has not yet been fully developed. There are uncharted implications for the quantum sciences once chiral couplings can be engineered to control the storage, transduction, and manipulation of quantum information. This forward-looking Review provides a survey of the experimental and theoretical fundamentals of chiral-influenced quantum effects and presents a vision for their possible future roles in enabling room-temperature quantum technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clarice D. Aiello
- California
NanoSystems Institute, University of California,
Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Department
of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - John M. Abendroth
- Laboratory
for Solid State Physics, ETH Zürich, Zürich 8093, Switzerland
| | - Muneer Abbas
- Department
of Microbiology, Howard University, Washington, D.C. 20059, United States
| | - Andrei Afanasev
- Department
of Physics, George Washington University, Washington, D.C. 20052, United States
| | - Shivang Agarwal
- Department
of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Amartya S. Banerjee
- California
NanoSystems Institute, University of California,
Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, University
of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - David N. Beratan
- Departments
of Chemistry, Biochemistry, and Physics, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Jason N. Belling
- California
NanoSystems Institute, University of California,
Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University
of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Bertrand Berche
- Laboratoire
de Physique et Chimie Théoriques, UMR Université de Lorraine-CNRS, 7019 54506 Vandœuvre les
Nancy, France
| | - Antia Botana
- Department
of Physics, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
| | - Justin R. Caram
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University
of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Giuseppe Luca Celardo
- Institute
of Physics, Benemerita Universidad Autonoma
de Puebla, Apartado Postal J-48, 72570, Mexico
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy, University of
Florence, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Gianaurelio Cuniberti
- Institute
for Materials Science and Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials, Dresden University of Technology, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Aitzol Garcia-Etxarri
- Donostia
International Physics Center, Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 4, 20018 Donostia, San Sebastian, Spain
- IKERBASQUE,
Basque Foundation for Science, Maria Diaz de Haro 3, 48013 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Arezoo Dianat
- Institute
for Materials Science and Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials, Dresden University of Technology, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Ismael Diez-Perez
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural and Mathematical Sciences, King’s College London, 7 Trinity Street, London SE1 1DB, United Kingdom
| | - Yuqi Guo
- School
for Engineering of Matter, Transport and Energy, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
| | - Rafael Gutierrez
- Institute
for Materials Science and Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials, Dresden University of Technology, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Carmen Herrmann
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Hamburg, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Joshua Hihath
- Department
of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Davis, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Suneet Kale
- School
of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
| | - Philip Kurian
- Quantum
Biology Laboratory, Graduate School, Howard
University, Washington, D.C. 20059, United States
| | - Ying-Cheng Lai
- School
of Electrical, Computer and Energy Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
| | - Tianhan Liu
- California
NanoSystems Institute, University of California,
Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University
of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Alexander Lopez
- Escuela
Superior Politécnica del Litoral, ESPOL, Campus Gustavo Galindo Km. 30.5 Vía Perimetral, PO Box 09-01-5863, Guayaquil 090902, Ecuador
| | - Ernesto Medina
- Departamento
de Física, Colegio de Ciencias e Ingeniería, Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Av. Diego de Robles
y Vía Interoceánica, Quito 170901, Ecuador
| | - Vladimiro Mujica
- School
of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
- Kimika
Fakultatea, Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea, 20080 Donostia, Euskadi, Spain
| | - Ron Naaman
- Department
of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann
Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Mohammadreza Noormandipour
- Department
of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- TCM Group,
Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, J.J. Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
| | - Julio L. Palma
- Department
of Chemistry, Pennsylvania State University, Lemont Furnace, Pennsylvania 15456, United States
| | - Yossi Paltiel
- Applied
Physics Department and the Center for Nano-Science and Nano-Technology, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| | - William Petuskey
- School
of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
| | - João Carlos Ribeiro-Silva
- Laboratory
of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology, Heart Institute, University of São Paulo Medical School, 05508-900 São
Paulo, Brazil
| | - Juan José Saenz
- Donostia
International Physics Center, Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 4, 20018 Donostia, San Sebastian, Spain
- IKERBASQUE,
Basque Foundation for Science, Maria Diaz de Haro 3, 48013 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Elton J. G. Santos
- Institute
for Condensed Matter Physics and Complex Systems, School of Physics
and Astronomy, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FD, United Kingdom
- Higgs Centre
for Theoretical Physics, The University
of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 3FD, United Kingdom
| | - Maria Solyanik-Gorgone
- Department
of Electrical and Computer Engineering, George Washington University, Washington, D.C. 20052, United States
| | - Volker J. Sorger
- Department
of Electrical and Computer Engineering, George Washington University, Washington, D.C. 20052, United States
| | - Dominik M. Stemer
- California
NanoSystems Institute, University of California,
Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, University
of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Jesus M. Ugalde
- Kimika
Fakultatea, Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea, 20080 Donostia, Euskadi, Spain
| | - Ana Valdes-Curiel
- California
NanoSystems Institute, University of California,
Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Department
of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Solmar Varela
- School
of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Yachay
Tech University, 100119 Urcuquí, Ecuador
| | - David H. Waldeck
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Michael R. Wasielewski
- Department
of Chemistry, Center for Molecular Quantum Transduction, and Institute
for Sustainability and Energy at Northwestern, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Paul S. Weiss
- California
NanoSystems Institute, University of California,
Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, University
of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University
of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Department
of Bioengineering, University of California,
Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, 90095, United States
| | - Helmut Zacharias
- Center
for Soft Nanoscience, University of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Qing Hua Wang
- School
for Engineering of Matter, Transport and Energy, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
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25
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Bai X, Cao Y, Xu Y, Huang W, Deng P, Tian X, Liu Z, Wang J, Tu J. Enhanced Photocatalytic hydrolysis performance of titanium disulfide nanosheets by chiral molecules loaded. Chemphyschem 2022; 23:e202200156. [PMID: 35393729 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202200156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 04/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The photoelectrochemical (PEC) water decomposition is a promising method to produce hydrogen from water. In order to improve the water decomposition efficiency of the PEC process, it is necessary to inhibit the generation of H 2 O 2 byproducts and reduce the overpotential required by cheap catalysts and a high current density. Studies have shown that coating the electrode with chiral molecules or chiral films can increase the hydrogen production and reduce the generation of H 2 O 2 byproducts. This is interpreted as the result of a chiral induced spin selectivity (CISS) effect, which induces a spin correlation between the electrons that are transferred to the anode. Here, we report the adsorption of chiral molecules onto titanium disulfide nanosheets. Firstly, titanium disulfide nanosheets were synthesized via thermal injection and then dispersed through ultrasonic crushing. This strategy combines the CISS effect with the plasma effect caused by the narrow bandgap of two-dimensional sulfur compounds to promote the PEC water decomposition with a high current density.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuesong Bai
- Hainan University of China Tropical Agriculture: Hainan University, State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Renmin Road #58, Haikou, CHINA
| | - Yang Cao
- Qiongtai Normal University, State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, CHINA
| | - Yueshan Xu
- Hainan University, State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, CHINA
| | - Wei Huang
- Hainan University, State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, CHINA
| | - Peilin Deng
- Hainan University, State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, CHINA
| | - Xinlong Tian
- Hainan University, State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, CHINA
| | - Zhongxin Liu
- Hainan University, State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, CHINA
| | - Jieqiong Wang
- Hainan University, State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Renmin Road #58, 570228, Haikou, CHINA
| | - Jinchun Tu
- Hainan University, State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, CHINA
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26
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Goryacheva OA, Wegner KD, Sobolev AM, Häusler I, Gaponik N, Goryacheva IY, Resch-Genger U. Influence of particle architecture on the photoluminescence properties of silica-coated CdSe core/shell quantum dots. Anal Bioanal Chem 2022; 414:4427-4439. [PMID: 35303136 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-022-04005-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Light-emitting nanoparticles like semiconductor nanocrystals (termed quantum dots, QDs) are promising candidates for biosensing and bioimaging applications based on their bright and stable photoluminescent properties. As high-quality QDs are often synthesized in organic solvents, strategies needed to be developed to render them water-dispersible without affecting their optical properties and prevent changes in postmodification steps like the biofunctionalization with antibodies or DNA. Despite a large number of studies on suitable surface modification procedures, the preparation of water-soluble QDs for nanobiotechnology applications still presents a challenge. To highlight the advantages of surface silanization, we systematically explored the influence of the core/multishell architecture of CdSe/CdS/ZnS QDs and the silanization conditions on the optical properties of the resulting silanized QDs. Our results show that the optical properties of silica-coated CdSe/CdS/ZnS QDs are best preserved in the presence of a thick CdS (6 monolayers (ML)) intermediate shell, providing a high photoluminescence quantum yield (PL QY), and a relatively thick ZnS (4.5 ML) external shell, effectively shielding the QDs from the chemical changes during silica coating. In addition to the QD core/shell architecture, other critical parameters of the silica-coating process, that can have an influence on the optical properties of the QD, include the choice of the surfactant and its concentration used for silica coating. The highest PL QY of about 46% was obtained by a microemulsion silica-coating procedure with the surfactant Brij L4, making these water-dispersible QDs to well-suited optical reporters in future applications like fluorescence immunoassays, biomedicine, and bioimaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga A Goryacheva
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Chemistry Institute, Saratov State University, Astrakhanskaya 83, 410012, Saratov, Russia. .,Physical Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Zellescher Weg 19, 01062, Dresden, Germany.
| | - K David Wegner
- Division Biophotonics, Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (BAM), Richard-Willstätter-Straße 11, 12489, Berlin, Germany
| | - Aleksandr M Sobolev
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Chemistry Institute, Saratov State University, Astrakhanskaya 83, 410012, Saratov, Russia.,Division Biophotonics, Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (BAM), Richard-Willstätter-Straße 11, 12489, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ines Häusler
- AG Strukturforschung/Elektronenmikroskopie, Institut Für Physik, Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin, Newtonstraße 15, 12489, Berlin, Germany
| | - Nikolai Gaponik
- Physical Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Zellescher Weg 19, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Irina Y Goryacheva
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Chemistry Institute, Saratov State University, Astrakhanskaya 83, 410012, Saratov, Russia
| | - Ute Resch-Genger
- Division Biophotonics, Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (BAM), Richard-Willstätter-Straße 11, 12489, Berlin, Germany.
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27
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Twisted molecular wires polarize spin currents at room temperature. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:2116180119. [PMID: 35115404 PMCID: PMC8833206 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2116180119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
In contrast to conventional electronics, spintronics devices exploit the electron spin as an additional degree of freedom. The chirality-induced spin selectivity (CISS) effect, in which chiral molecules act as spin filters in electron transport, provides a pathway to control spins in molecules. We describe an approach that integrates both spin-polarizing and spin-propagating functionality into organic structures that feature low charge transport resistances. Binding chiral ligands to molecular wires controls polarized spin handedness, regulates spin currents, generates large NIR rotational strengths, and provides a mechanism to flip the favored spin orientation for spin transmission through chiral organic molecules. This work points the way to materials that provide both high spin selectivity and large-magnitude spin currents via the CISS mechanism. A critical spintronics challenge is to develop molecular wires that render efficiently spin-polarized currents. Interplanar torsional twisting, driven by chiral binucleating ligands in highly conjugated molecular wires, gives rise to large near-infrared rotational strengths. The large scalar product of the electric and magnetic dipole transition moments (μ→ij⋅m→ij), which are evident in the low-energy absorptive manifolds of these wires, makes possible enhanced chirality-induced spin selectivity–derived spin polarization. Magnetic-conductive atomic force microscopy experiments and spin-Hall devices demonstrate that these designs point the way to achieve high spin selectivity and large-magnitude spin currents in chiral materials.
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28
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Zhang M, Wang Y, Zhou Y, Yuan H, Guo Q, Zhuang T. Amplifying inorganic chirality using liquid crystals. NANOSCALE 2022; 14:592-601. [PMID: 34850801 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr06036h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Chiral inorganic nanostructures have drawn extensive attention thanks to their unique physical properties as well as multidisciplinary applications. Amplifying inorganic chirality using liquid crystals (LCs) is an efficient way to enhance the parented inorganic asymmetry owing to chirality transfer. Herein, the universal synthetic methods and structural characterizations of chiral inorganic-doped LC hybrids are introduced. Additionally, the current progress and status of recent experiment and theory research about chiral interactions between inorganic nanomaterials (e.g. metal, semiconductor, perovskite, and magnetic oxide) and LCs are summarized in this review. We further present representative applications of these new hybrids in the area of encryption, sensing, optics, etc. Finally, we provide perspectives on this field in terms of material variety, new synthesis, and future practice. It is envisaged that LCs will act as a pivotal part in the amplification of inorganic chirality with versatile applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingjiang Zhang
- Division of Nanomaterials & Chemistry, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China.
| | - Yaxin Wang
- Division of Nanomaterials & Chemistry, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China.
| | - Yajie Zhou
- Division of Nanomaterials & Chemistry, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China.
| | - Honghan Yuan
- Division of Nanomaterials & Chemistry, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China.
- Ganjiang Innovation Academy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Qi Guo
- Division of Nanomaterials & Chemistry, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China.
| | - Taotao Zhuang
- Division of Nanomaterials & Chemistry, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China.
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29
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Wang CZ, Mujica V, Lai YC. Spin Fano Resonances in Chiral Molecules: An Alternative Mechanism for the CISS Effect and Experimental Implications. NANO LETTERS 2021; 21:10423-10430. [PMID: 34846905 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.1c03770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Experiments on spin transport through a chiral molecule demonstrated the attainment of significant spin polarization, demanding a theoretical explanation. We report the emergence of spin Fano resonances as a mechanism in the chiral-induced spin-selectivity (CISS) effect associated with transport through a chiral polyacetylene molecule. Initializing electrons through optical excitation, we derive the Fano resonance formula for the spin polarization. Computations reveal that quasidegeneracy is common in this complex molecular system. A remarkable phenomenon is the generation of pronounced spin Fano resonances due to the contributions of two near-degeneracy states. We also find that the Fano resonance width increases linearly with the coupling strength between the molecule and the lead. Our findings provide another mechanism to explain the experimental observations and lead to new insights into the role of the CISS effect in complex molecules from the perspective of transport and spin polarization resonance, paving the way for chiral molecule-based spintronics applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Zhen Wang
- School of Electrical, Computer and Energy Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona85287, United States
| | - Vladimiro Mujica
- School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85 287, United States
- Kimika FakultateaEuskal Herriko Unibertsitatea20080DonostiaEuskadiSpain
| | - Ying-Cheng Lai
- School of Electrical, Computer and Energy Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona85287, United States
- Department of Physics, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85 287, United States
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30
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Feng T, Wang Z, Zhang Z, Xue J, Lu H. Spin selectivity in chiral metal-halide semiconductors. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:18925-18940. [PMID: 34783816 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr06407j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Controlling the spin states of freedom represents a significant challenge for the next-generation optoelectronic and spintronic devices. Chiral metal-halide semiconductors (MHS) have recently emerged as an important class of materials for spin-dependent photonic and electronic applications. In this Minireview, we first discussed the chemical and structural diversity of chiral MHS, highlighting the chirality formation mechanism. We then provided our current understanding on the spin-sensitive photophysical and transport process with a focus on how chirality enables the spin selectivity in chiral MHS. We summarized recent progress on the experimental demonstration of spin control in various photonic and spintronic devices. Finally, we discussed ongoing challenges and opportunities associated with chiral MHS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanglue Feng
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China (SAR).
| | - Zhiyu Wang
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China (SAR).
| | - Zixuan Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China (SAR).
| | - Jie Xue
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China (SAR).
| | - Haipeng Lu
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China (SAR).
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31
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Kwon YH, Tannir S, Balaz M, Varga K. Apple juice and red wine induced mirror-image circular dichroism in quantum dots. Chirality 2021; 34:70-76. [PMID: 34710252 DOI: 10.1002/chir.23380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Juices, wines, and extracts from plants contain high concentrations of various chiral compounds such as carboxylic acids or sugars. Several prior studies reported the synthesis of metallic and semiconducting nanoparticles relying on components of complex biological solutions. Herein, we present preparation of chiral CdS and CdSe quantum dots (QDs) using apple juice and red wine via phase transfer ligand exchange. Although both apple juice and red wine contain a complex mixture of chiral and achiral compounds, we have successfully used them for selective induction of predicted chiroptical properties and confirmed L-malic acid from the apple juice and L-tartaric acid from the red wine as the chiral inducers. This work illustrates the capability of using complex mixtures to construct chiral QDs with desired chiroptical properties as well as potential of QDs to selectively report a chiral molecule in a complex chiral mixture without the need for elaborate chiral recognition system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuri H Kwon
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Biomedical Sciences, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH, USA
| | - Shambhavi Tannir
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, USA
| | - Milan Balaz
- Integrated Science and Engineering Division, Underwood International College, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Krisztina Varga
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Biomedical Sciences, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH, USA
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32
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Huisman KH, Thijssen JM. CISS Effect: A Magnetoresistance Through Inelastic Scattering. THE JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY. C, NANOMATERIALS AND INTERFACES 2021; 125:23364-23369. [PMID: 34737840 PMCID: PMC8558858 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.1c06193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
One of the manifestations of chirality-induced spin selectivity is the magnetoresistance (MR) in two-terminal transport measurements on molecular junctions. This paper investigates the effect of spin-orbit coupling in the leads on the polarization of the transmission. A helicene molecule between two gold contacts is studied using a tight binding model. To study the occurrence of MR, which is prohibited in coherent transport, as a consequence of the Büttiker reciprocity, we add Büttiker probes to the system in order to incorporate inelastic scattering effects. We show that for a strict two-terminal system without inelastic scattering, the MR is strictly zero in the linear and nonlinear regimes. We show that for a two-terminal system with inelastic scattering, a nonzero MR does appear in the nonlinear regime, reaching values of the order of 0.1%. Our calculations show that for a two-terminal system respecting time-reversal symmetry and charge conservation, a nonzero MR can only be obtained through inelastic scattering. However, spin-orbit coupling in the leads in combination with inelastic scattering modeled with the Büttiker probe method cannot explain the magnitude of the MR measured in experiments.
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33
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Wang C, Guo AM, Sun QF, Yan Y. Efficient Spin-Dependent Charge Transmission and Improved Enantioselective Discrimination Capability in Self-Assembled Chiral Coordinated Monolayers. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:10262-10269. [PMID: 34652163 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c03106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Spin-dependent charge transmission or the so-called chirality-induced spin selectivity (CISS) effect was demonstrated in self-assembled chiral coordinated monolayers. Distinct from the previous CISS phenomenon observed mainly on pure biomolecules, here we expanded this effect to the coordinated complex of chiral biomolecules and metal cations, specifically, cysteine-Cu2+-alanine (Cys/Cu/Ala), in which the complex itself was redox-active. However, the coordinated self-assembled monolayers of cysteine-Cu2+-cysteine did not show any spin-dependent effect. In addition, this phenomenon was explained by developing a theoretical model with spin-orbit coupling. The alanine molecules contributed to multiple transport pathways, leading to experimentally observable spin polarization. Finally, this CISS effect in Cys/Cu/Ala complex was demonstrated to amplify the sensing signal. The enantioselective discrimination efficiency could be improved by controlling the orientation of the external magnetic field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenchen Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ai-Min Guo
- Hunan Key Laboratory for Super-Microstructure and Ultrafast Process, School of Physics and Electronics, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Qing-Feng Sun
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Yong Yan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
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34
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Sang Y, Mishra S, Tassinari F, Karuppannan SK, Carmieli R, Teo RD, Migliore A, Beratan DN, Gray HB, Pecht I, Fransson J, Waldeck DH, Naaman R. Temperature Dependence of Charge and Spin Transfer in Azurin. THE JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY. C, NANOMATERIALS AND INTERFACES 2021; 125:9875-9883. [PMID: 34055128 PMCID: PMC8154855 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.1c01218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The steady-state charge and spin transfer yields were measured for three different Ru-modified azurin derivatives in protein films on silver electrodes. While the charge-transfer yields exhibit weak temperature dependences, consistent with operation of a near activation-less mechanism, the spin selectivity of the electron transfer improves as temperature increases. This enhancement of spin selectivity with temperature is explained by a vibrationally induced spin exchange interaction between the Cu(II) and its chiral ligands. These results indicate that distinct mechanisms control charge and spin transfer within proteins. As with electron charge transfer, proteins deliver polarized electron spins with a yield that depends on the protein's structure. This finding suggests a new role for protein structure in biochemical redox processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutao Sang
- Department
of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann
Institute, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Suryakant Mishra
- Department
of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann
Institute, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Francesco Tassinari
- Department
of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann
Institute, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | | | - Raanan Carmieli
- Department
of Chemical Research Support, Weizmann Institute
of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Ruijie D. Teo
- Department
of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Agostino Migliore
- Department
of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
- Department
of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 1, Padova 35122, Italy
| | - David N. Beratan
- Department
of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Harry B. Gray
- Beckman
Institute, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Israel Pecht
- Department
of Immunology, Weizmann Institute, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Jonas Fransson
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Uppsala 752 36, Sweden
| | - David H. Waldeck
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Ron Naaman
- Department
of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann
Institute, Rehovot 76100, Israel
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35
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Meirzada I, Sukenik N, Haim G, Yochelis S, Baczewski LT, Paltiel Y, Bar-Gill N. Long-Time-Scale Magnetization Ordering Induced by an Adsorbed Chiral Monolayer on Ferromagnets. ACS NANO 2021; 15:5574-5579. [PMID: 33591720 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c00455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
When an electron passes through a chiral molecule, there is a high probability for correlation between the momentum and spin of the charge, thus leading to a spin polarized current. This phenomenon is known as the chiral-induced spin selectivity (CISS) effect. One of the most surprising experimental results recently demonstrated is that magnetization reversal in a ferromagnet with perpendicular anisotropy can be realized solely by chemisorbing a chiral molecular monolayer without applying any current or external magnetic field. This result raises the currently open question of whether this effect is due to the bonding event, held by the ferromagnet, or a long-time-scale effect stabilized by exchange interactions. In this work we have performed vectorial magnetic field measurements of the magnetization reorientation of a ferromagnetic layer exhibiting perpendicular anisotropy due to CISS using nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond and followed the time dynamics of this effect. In parallel, we have measured the molecular monolayer tilt angle in order to find a correlation between the time dependence of the magnetization reorientation and the change of the tilt angle of the molecular monolayer. We have identified that changes in the magnetization direction correspond to changes of the molecular monolayer tilt angle, providing evidence for a long-time-scale characteristic of the induced magnetization reorientation. This suggests that the CISS effect has an effect over long time scales which we attribute to exchange interactions. These results offer significant insights into the fundamental processes underlying the CISS effect, contributing to the implementation of CISS in state-of-the-art applications such as spintronic and magnetic memory devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Meirzada
- The Racah Institute of Physics, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
| | - N Sukenik
- Department of Applied Physics, Rachel and Selim School of Engineering, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
| | - G Haim
- Department of Applied Physics, Rachel and Selim School of Engineering, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
| | - S Yochelis
- Department of Applied Physics, Rachel and Selim School of Engineering, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
| | - L T Baczewski
- Magnetic Heterostructures Laboratory, Institute of Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Al. Lotnikow 32/46, 02-668 Warszawa, Poland
| | - Y Paltiel
- Department of Applied Physics, Rachel and Selim School of Engineering, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
- The Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
| | - N Bar-Gill
- The Racah Institute of Physics, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
- The Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
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36
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Wang J, Lu H, Pan X, Xu J, Liu H, Liu X, Khanal DR, Toney MF, Beard MC, Vardeny ZV. Spin-Dependent Photovoltaic and Photogalvanic Responses of Optoelectronic Devices Based on Chiral Two-Dimensional Hybrid Organic-Inorganic Perovskites. ACS NANO 2021; 15:588-595. [PMID: 33241679 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c05980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional hybrid organic-inorganic perovskites (2D-HOIPs) that form natural multiple quantum wells have attracted increased research interest due to their interesting physics and potential applications in optoelectronic devices. Recent studies have shown that spintronics applications can also be introduced to 2D-HOIPs upon integrating chiral organic ligands into the organic layers. Here we report spin-dependent photovoltaic and photogalvanic responses of optoelectronic devices based on chiral 2D-HOIPs, namely, (R-MBA)2PbI4 and (S-MBA)2PbI4. The out-of-plane photocurrent response in vertical photovoltaic devices exhibits ∼10% difference upon right and left circularly polarized light (CPL) excitation, which originates from selective spin transport through the chiral multilayers. In contrast, the in-plane photocurrent response generated by CPL excitation of planar photoconductive devices shows a typical response of chirality-induced circular photogalvanic effect that originates from the Rashba splitting in the electronic bands of these compounds. Our studies may lead to potential applications of chiral 2D-HOIPs in optoelectronic devices that are sensitive to the light helicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingying Wang
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Haipeng Lu
- Chemistry & Nanoscience Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Xin Pan
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Junwei Xu
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Haoliang Liu
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Xiaojie Liu
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Dipak R Khanal
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Michael F Toney
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Matthew C Beard
- Chemistry & Nanoscience Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Z Valy Vardeny
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
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37
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Shao X, Zhang T, Li B, Wu Y, Li S, Wang J, Jiang S. Controllable chiral behavior of type-II core/shell quantum dots adjusted by shell thickness and coordinated ligands. Chirality 2021; 33:167-175. [PMID: 33469961 DOI: 10.1002/chir.23298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Revised: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 01/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Chiral semiconductor nanomaterials induced by capped chiral ligands are of great interest for both theoretical studies and advanced applications. In this study, CdTe/CdSe quantum dots (QDs), defined as type-II core/shell nanostructure, with the advantage of a good separation of holes and electrons are imparted chirality with L/D-cysteine and L/D-penicillamine molecules. Circular dichroism (CD) at exciton transitions from cysteine- and penicillamine-capped QDs is different in shape and intensity. CD intensities decrease with increasing shell thickness from three monolayers to six monolayers, indicating a decreased hybridization degree between the holes in CdTe core and the electrons in chiral ligands. Elevated cysteine concentration leads to decreased g-factor, probably due to an altered binding mode from tridentate to bidentate. Our observations provide further insights into the understanding of chiral phenomenon as well as optimized design and applications of chiral nanostructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Shao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Applied Catalysis Science and Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Tianyong Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Applied Catalysis Science and Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Functional Fine Chemicals, Tianjin, China
| | - Bin Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Applied Catalysis Science and Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin, China
| | - Yue Wu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Applied Catalysis Science and Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Siyi Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Applied Catalysis Science and Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jingchao Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Applied Catalysis Science and Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Shuang Jiang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Applied Catalysis Science and Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
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38
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Rösch AT, Zhu Q, Robben J, Tassinari F, Meskers SCJ, Naaman R, Palmans ARA, Meijer EW. Helicity Control in the Aggregation of Achiral Squaraine Dyes in Solution and Thin Films. Chemistry 2021; 27:298-306. [PMID: 32705726 PMCID: PMC7839690 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202002695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Squaraine dyes are well known for their strong absorption in the visible regime. Reports on chiral squaraine dyes are, however, scarce. To address this gap, we here report two novel chiral squaraine dyes and their achiral counterparts. The presented dyes are aggregated in solution and in thin films. A detailed chiroptical study shows that thin films formed by co-assembling the chiral dye with its achiral counterpart exhibit exceptional photophysical properties. The circular dichroism (CD) of the co-assembled structures reaches a maximum when just 25 % of the chiral dye are present in the mixture. The solid structures with the highest relative CD effect are achieved when the chiral dye is used solely as a director, rather than the structural component. The chiroptical data are further supported by selected spin-filtering measurements using mc-AFM. These findings provide a promising platform for investigating the relationship between the dissymmetry of a supramolecular structure and emerging material properties rather than a comparison between a chiral molecular structure and an achiral counterpart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas T. Rösch
- Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry, and Institute for Complex Molecular SystemsDepartment of Chemical Engineering and ChemistryEindhoven University of TechnologyP.O. Box 513, 5600MBEindhovenThe Netherlands
| | - Qirong Zhu
- Department of Chemical and Biological PhysicsWeizmann Institute of ScienceRehovot76100Israel
| | - Jorn Robben
- Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry, and Institute for Complex Molecular SystemsDepartment of Chemical Engineering and ChemistryEindhoven University of TechnologyP.O. Box 513, 5600MBEindhovenThe Netherlands
| | - Francesco Tassinari
- Department of Chemical and Biological PhysicsWeizmann Institute of ScienceRehovot76100Israel
| | - Stefan C. J. Meskers
- Department of Applied PhysicsEindhoven University of TechnologyP.O. Box 513, 5600MBEindhovenThe Netherlands
| | - Ron Naaman
- Department of Chemical and Biological PhysicsWeizmann Institute of ScienceRehovot76100Israel
| | - Anja R. A. Palmans
- Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry, and Institute for Complex Molecular SystemsDepartment of Chemical Engineering and ChemistryEindhoven University of TechnologyP.O. Box 513, 5600MBEindhovenThe Netherlands
| | - E. W. Meijer
- Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry, and Institute for Complex Molecular SystemsDepartment of Chemical Engineering and ChemistryEindhoven University of TechnologyP.O. Box 513, 5600MBEindhovenThe Netherlands
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39
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Al-Bustami H, Bloom BP, Ziv A, Goldring S, Yochelis S, Naaman R, Waldeck DH, Paltiel Y. Optical Multilevel Spin Bit Device Using Chiral Quantum Dots. NANO LETTERS 2020; 20:8675-8681. [PMID: 33185449 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.0c03445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The technological advancement of data storage is reliant upon the continuous development of faster and denser memory with low power consumption. Recent progress in flash memory has focused on increasing the number of bits per cell to increase information density. In this work an optical multilevel spin bit, based on the chiral induced spin selectivity (CISS) effect, is developed using nanometer sized chiral quantum dots. A double quantum dot architecture is adsorbed on the active area of a Ni based Hall sensor and a nine-state readout is achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Al-Bustami
- Applied Physics Department and the Center for Nano-Science and Nano-Technology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904 Israel
| | - B P Bloom
- Chemistry Department, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh Pennsylvania 15260 United States
| | - Amir Ziv
- Applied Physics Department and the Center for Nano-Science and Nano-Technology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904 Israel
| | - S Goldring
- Applied Physics Department and the Center for Nano-Science and Nano-Technology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904 Israel
| | - S Yochelis
- Applied Physics Department and the Center for Nano-Science and Nano-Technology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904 Israel
| | - R Naaman
- Department of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann Institute, Rehovot 76100 Israel
| | - D H Waldeck
- Chemistry Department, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh Pennsylvania 15260 United States
| | - Y Paltiel
- Applied Physics Department and the Center for Nano-Science and Nano-Technology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904 Israel
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40
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Huizi-Rayo U, Gutierrez J, Seco JM, Mujica V, Diez-Perez I, Ugalde JM, Tercjak A, Cepeda J, San Sebastian E. An Ideal Spin Filter: Long-Range, High-Spin Selectivity in Chiral Helicoidal 3-Dimensional Metal Organic Frameworks. NANO LETTERS 2020; 20:8476-8482. [PMID: 33170013 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.0c02349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
An enantiopure, conductive, and paramagnetic crystalline 3-D metal-organic framework (MOF), based on Dy(III) and the l-tartrate chiral ligand, is proved to behave as an almost ideal electron spin filtering material at room temperature, transmitting one spin component only, leading to a spin polarization (SP) power close to 100% in the ±2 V range, which is conserved over a long spatial range, larger than 1 μm in some cases. This impressive spin polarization capacity of this class of nanostructured materials is measured by means of magnetically polarized conductive atomic force microscopy and is attributed to the Chirality-Induced Spin Selectivity (CISS) effect of the material arising from a multidimensional helicity pattern, the inherited chirality of the organic motive, and the enhancing influence of Dy(III) ions on the CISS effect, with large spin-orbit coupling values. Our results represent the first example of a MOF-based and CISS-effect-mediated spin filtering material that shows a nearly perfect SP. These striking results obtained with our robust and easy-to-synthesize chiral MOFs constitute an important step forward in to improve the performance of spin filtering materials for spintronic device fabrication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uxua Huizi-Rayo
- Departamento de Química Aplicada, Facultad de Química, Universidad del País Vasco (UPV/EHU), 20018 Donostia, Spain
| | - Junkal Gutierrez
- Group "Materials+Technologies" (GMT), Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering Gipuzkoa, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Plaza Europa 1, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering Vitoria-Gasteiz, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), C/Nieves Cano 12, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Jose Manuel Seco
- Departamento de Química Aplicada, Facultad de Química, Universidad del País Vasco (UPV/EHU), 20018 Donostia, Spain
| | - Vladimiro Mujica
- School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, 48011 Bilbao, Spain
- Kimika Fakultatea, Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea and Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), P. K. 1072, 20080 Donostia, Euskadi, Spain
| | - Ismael Diez-Perez
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural & Mathematical Sciences, King's College London, Britannia House, 7 Trinity Street, London SE1 1DB, U.K
| | - Jesus M Ugalde
- Kimika Fakultatea, Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea and Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), P. K. 1072, 20080 Donostia, Euskadi, Spain
| | - Agnieszka Tercjak
- Group "Materials+Technologies" (GMT), Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering Gipuzkoa, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Plaza Europa 1, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Javier Cepeda
- Departamento de Química Aplicada, Facultad de Química, Universidad del País Vasco (UPV/EHU), 20018 Donostia, Spain
| | - Eider San Sebastian
- Departamento de Química Aplicada, Facultad de Química, Universidad del País Vasco (UPV/EHU), 20018 Donostia, Spain
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41
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Liu T, Wang X, Wang H, Shi G, Gao F, Feng H, Deng H, Hu L, Lochner E, Schlottmann P, von Molnár S, Li Y, Zhao J, Xiong P. Linear and Nonlinear Two-Terminal Spin-Valve Effect from Chirality-Induced Spin Selectivity. ACS NANO 2020; 14:15983-15991. [PMID: 33136367 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c07438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Various mechanisms of electrical generation of spin polarization in nonmagnetic materials have been a subject of broad interest for their underlying physics and device potential in spintronics. One such scheme is chirality-induced spin selectivity (CISS), with which structural chirality leads to different electric conductivities for electrons of opposite spins. The resulting effect of spin filtering has been reported for a number of chiral molecules assembled on different surfaces. However, the microscopic origin and transport mechanisms remain controversial. In particular, the fundamental Onsager relation was argued to preclude linear-response detection of CISS by a ferromagnet. Here, we report definitive observation of CISS-induced magnetoconductance in vertical heterojunctions of (Ga,Mn)As/AHPA-L molecules/Au, directly verifying spin filtering by the AHPA-L molecules via spin detection by the (Ga,Mn)As. The pronounced and robust magnetoconductance signals resulting from the use of a magnetic semiconductor enable a rigorous examination of its bias dependence, which shows both linear- and nonlinear-response components. The definitive identification of the linear-response CISS-induced two-terminal spin-valve effect places an important constraint for a viable theory of CISS and its device manifestations. The results present a promising route to spin injection and detection in semiconductors without using any magnetic material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianhan Liu
- Department of Physics, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, United States
| | - Xiaolei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Superlattices and Microstructures, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Hailong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Superlattices and Microstructures, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Gang Shi
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Fan Gao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Honglei Feng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Haoyun Deng
- Department of Physics, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, United States
| | - Longqian Hu
- Department of Physics, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, United States
| | - Eric Lochner
- Department of Physics, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, United States
| | - Pedro Schlottmann
- Department of Physics, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, United States
| | - Stephan von Molnár
- Department of Physics, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, United States
| | - Yongqing Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Jianhua Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Superlattices and Microstructures, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, China
- Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Science, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Peng Xiong
- Department of Physics, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, United States
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42
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Naaman R, Paltiel Y, Waldeck DH. Chiral Induced Spin Selectivity Gives a New Twist on Spin-Control in Chemistry. Acc Chem Res 2020; 53:2659-2667. [PMID: 33044813 PMCID: PMC7676290 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.0c00485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The electron's spin, its intrinsic angular momentum, is a quantum property that plays a critical role in determining the electronic structure of molecules. Despite its importance, it is not used often for controlling chemical processes, photochemistry excluded. The reason is that many organic molecules have a total spin zero, namely, all the electrons are paired. Even for molecules with high spin multiplicity, the spin orientation is usually only weakly coupled to the molecular frame of nuclei and hence to the molecular orientation. Therefore, controlling the spin orientation usually does not provide a handle on controlling the geometry of the molecular species during a reaction. About two decades ago, however, a new phenomenon was discovered that relates the electron's spin to the handedness of chiral molecules and is now known as the chiral induced spin selectivity (CISS) effect. It was established that the efficiency of electron transport through chiral molecules depends on the electron spin and that it changes with the enantiomeric form of a molecule and the direction of the electron's linear momentum. This property means that, for chiral molecules, the electron spin is strongly coupled to the molecular frame. Over the past few years, we and others have shown that this feature can be used to provide spin-control over chemical reactions and to perform enantioseparations with magnetic surfaces.In this Account, we describe the CISS effect and demonstrate spin polarization effects on chemical reactions. Explicitly, we describe a number of processes that can be controlled by the electron's spin, among them the interaction of chiral molecules with ferromagnetic surfaces, the multielectron oxidation of water, and enantiospecific electrochemistry. Interestingly, it has been shown that the effect also takes place in inorganic chiral oxides like copper oxide, aluminum oxide, and cobalt oxide. The CISS effect results from the coupling between the electron linear momentum and its spin in a chiral system. Understanding the implications of this interaction promises to reveal a previously unappreciated role for chirality in biology, where chiral molecules are ubiquitous, and opens a new avenue into spin-controlled processes in chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ron Naaman
- Department of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann Institute, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Yossi Paltiel
- Applied Physics Department and the Center for Nano-Science and Nano-Technology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| | - David H. Waldeck
- Chemistry Department, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
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43
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Sercel PC, Vardeny ZV, Efros AL. Circular dichroism in non-chiral metal halide perovskites. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:18067-18078. [PMID: 32820791 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr05232a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate theoretically that non-chiral perovskite layers can exhibit circular dichroism (CD) in the absence of a magnetic field and without chiral activation by chiral molecules. The effect is shown to be due to splitting of helical excitonic states which can form in structures of orthorhombic or lower symmetry that exhibit Rashba spin effects. The selective coupling of these helical exciton states to helical light is shown to give rise to circular dichroism. Polarization dependent absorption is shown to occur due to the combined effect of Rashba splitting, in-plane symmetry breaking, and the effect of the exciton momentum on its fine structure, which takes the form of Zeeman splitting in an effective magnetic field. This phenomenon, which can be considered as a manifestation of extrinsic chirality, results in significant CD with an anisotropy factor of up to 30% in orthorhombic perovskite layers under off-normal, top illumination conditions, raising the possibility of its observation in non-chiral perovskite structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter C Sercel
- Department of Applied Physics and Materials Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA. and Center for Hybrid Organic Inorganic Semiconductors for Energy, 15013 Denver West Parkway, Golden, CO 80401, USA
| | - Zeev Valy Vardeny
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Alexander L Efros
- Center for Computational Materials Science, U. S. Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 20375, USA
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44
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Olshansky JH, Harvey SM, Pennel ML, Krzyaniak MD, Schaller RD, Wasielewski MR. Using Photoexcited Core/Shell Quantum Dots To Spin Polarize Appended Radical Qubits. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:13590-13597. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c06073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jacob H. Olshansky
- Department of Chemistry and Institute for Sustainability and Energy at Northwestern, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Samantha M. Harvey
- Department of Chemistry and Institute for Sustainability and Energy at Northwestern, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Makenna L. Pennel
- Department of Chemistry and Institute for Sustainability and Energy at Northwestern, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Matthew D. Krzyaniak
- Department of Chemistry and Institute for Sustainability and Energy at Northwestern, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Richard D. Schaller
- Department of Chemistry and Institute for Sustainability and Energy at Northwestern, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
- Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Michael R. Wasielewski
- Department of Chemistry and Institute for Sustainability and Energy at Northwestern, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
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45
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Jia L, Wang C, Zhang Y, Yang L, Yan Y. Efficient Spin Selectivity in Self-Assembled Superhelical Conducting Polymer Microfibers. ACS NANO 2020; 14:6607-6615. [PMID: 32422046 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b07681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Chiral materials, natural or synthetic, have been widely studied since Pasteur's separation of enantiomers over a century ago. The connection between electron transmission and chirality was, however, established recently where one spin was preferably selected by the chiral molecules, displaying a typical chirality-induced spin selectivity (CISS) effect. Currently, this CISS effect was mainly demonstrated in the molecular-scale devices. Herein, we explored this effect in a microscale device where an efficient spin selectivity was found in the self-assembled superhelical conducting polyaniline (PANI) microfibers. A spin-selective efficiency up to 80% (not magnetoresistance) was achieved when spins traversed the ca. 2-6 μm-long helical channels at room temperature. Importantly, the long-range ordering of chiral PANI molecules is crucial to observe this efficient spin selectivity, whereas no selective transmission was found in the "amorphous" chiral PANIs. This efficient spin selectivity was subsequently rationalized by using an extended Su-Schrieffer-Heeger model where the Rashba spin-orbit coupling was considered. We expect these results could inspire the research of organic spintronics by using molecularly ordered, self-assembled, and chiral π-conjugated materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Jia
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, Xidian University, Xi'an 710126, China
| | - Chenchen Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yuchun Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Liu Yang
- School of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Linyi University, Linyi 276005, China
| | - Yong Yan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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46
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Li G, Fei X, Liu H, Gao J, Nie J, Wang Y, Tian Z, He C, Wang JL, Ji C, Oron D, Yang G. Fluorescence and Optical Activity of Chiral CdTe Quantum Dots in Their Interaction with Amino Acids. ACS NANO 2020; 14:4196-4205. [PMID: 32298573 PMCID: PMC7467813 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b09101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Ligand-induced chirality in semiconducting nanocrystals has been the subject of extensive study in the past few years and shows potential applications in optics and biology. Yet, the origin of the chiroptical effect in semiconductor nanoparticles is still not fully understood. Here, we examine the effect of the interaction with amino acids on both the fluorescence and the optical activity of chiral semiconductor quantum dots (QDs). A significant fluorescence enhancement is observed for l/d-Cys-CdTe QDs upon interaction with all the tested amino acids, indicating suppression of nonradiative pathways as well as the passivation of surface trap sites brought via the interaction of the amino group with the CdTe QDs' surface. Heterochiral amino acids are shown to weaken the circular dichroism (CD) signal, which may be attributed to a different binding configuration of cysteine molecules on the QDs' surface. Furthermore, a red shift of both CD and fluorescence signals in l/d-Cys-CdTe QDs is only observed upon adding cysteine, while other tested amino acids do not exhibit such an effect. We speculate that the thiol group induces orbital hybridization of the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMOs) of cysteine and the valence band of CdTe QDs, leading to the decrease of the energy band gap and a concomitant red shift of CD and fluorescence spectra. This is further verified by density functional theory calculations. Both the experimental and theoretical findings indicate that the addition of ligands that do not "directly" interact with the valence band (VB) of the QD (noncysteine moieties) changes the QD photophysical properties, as it probably modifies the way cysteine is bound to the surface. Hence, we conclude that it is not only the chemistry of the amino acid ligand that affects both CD and PL but also the exact geometry of binding that modifies these properties. Understanding the relationship between the QD's surface and chiral amino acid thus provides an additional perspective on the fundamental origin of induced chiroptical effects in semiconductor nanoparticles, potentially enabling us to optimize the design of chiral semiconductor QDs for chiroptic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangmin Li
- College
of Science, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin 300384, China
- E-mail: ;
| | - Xuening Fei
- College
of Science, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin 300384, China
- E-mail:
| | - Hongfei Liu
- College
of Science, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Jing Gao
- College
of Science, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Jiayang Nie
- College
of Science, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Yuanbo Wang
- College
of Science, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Zhaodong Tian
- College
of Science, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Caicai He
- College
of Science, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Jiang-Long Wang
- Hebei
Key Lab of Optic-Electronic Information and Materials, College of
Physics Science and Technology, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Chao Ji
- Key
Laboratory of Catalysis, Center Tech Tianjin
Chemical Research and Design Institute Co., Ltd., Tianjin 300131, China
| | - Dan Oron
- Department
of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann
Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Gaoling Yang
- Department
of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann
Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
- E-mail:
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47
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Schweicher G, Garbay G, Jouclas R, Vibert F, Devaux F, Geerts YH. Molecular Semiconductors for Logic Operations: Dead-End or Bright Future? ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2020; 32:e1905909. [PMID: 31965662 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201905909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Revised: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The field of organic electronics has been prolific in the last couple of years, leading to the design and synthesis of several molecular semiconductors presenting a mobility in excess of 10 cm2 V-1 s-1 . However, it is also started to recently falter, as a result of doubtful mobility extractions and reduced industrial interest. This critical review addresses the community of chemists and materials scientists to share with it a critical analysis of the best performing molecular semiconductors and of the inherent charge transport physics that takes place in them. The goal is to inspire chemists and materials scientists and to give them hope that the field of molecular semiconductors for logic operations is not engaged into a dead end. To the contrary, it offers plenty of research opportunities in materials chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Schweicher
- Laboratoire de chimie des polymères, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB) Boulevard du Triomphe, Brussels, 1050, Belgium
- Optoelectronics Group, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge, CB3 0HE, UK
| | - Guillaume Garbay
- Laboratoire de chimie des polymères, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB) Boulevard du Triomphe, Brussels, 1050, Belgium
| | - Rémy Jouclas
- Laboratoire de chimie des polymères, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB) Boulevard du Triomphe, Brussels, 1050, Belgium
| | - François Vibert
- Laboratoire de chimie des polymères, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB) Boulevard du Triomphe, Brussels, 1050, Belgium
| | - Félix Devaux
- Laboratoire de chimie des polymères, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB) Boulevard du Triomphe, Brussels, 1050, Belgium
| | - Yves H Geerts
- Laboratoire de chimie des polymères, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB) Boulevard du Triomphe, Brussels, 1050, Belgium
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48
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Ghosh S, Mishra S, Avigad E, Bloom BP, Baczewski LT, Yochelis S, Paltiel Y, Naaman R, Waldeck DH. Effect of Chiral Molecules on the Electron's Spin Wavefunction at Interfaces. J Phys Chem Lett 2020; 11:1550-1557. [PMID: 32013436 PMCID: PMC7307953 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.9b03487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Kelvin-probe measurements on ferromagnetic thin film electrodes coated with self-assembled monolayers of chiral molecules reveal that the electron penetration from the metal electrode into the chiral molecules depends on the ferromagnet's magnetization direction and the molecules' chirality. Electrostatic potential differences as large as 100 mV are observed. These changes arise from the applied oscillating electric field, which drives spin-dependent charge penetration from the ferromagnetic substrate to the chiral molecules. The enantiospecificity of the response is studied as a function of the magnetization strength, the magnetization direction, and the handedness and length of the chiral molecules. These new phenomena are rationalized in terms of the chiral-induced spin selectivity (CISS) effect, in which one spin orientation of electrons from the ferromagnet penetrates more easily into a chiral molecule than does the other orientation. The large potential changes (>kT at room temperature) manifested here imply that this phenomenon is important for spin transport in chiral spintronic devices and for magneto-electrochemistry of chiral molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Supriya Ghosh
- Chemistry
Department, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Suryakant Mishra
- Department
of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann
Institute, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Eytan Avigad
- Applied
Physics Department, the Hebrew University
of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| | - Brian P. Bloom
- Chemistry
Department, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - L. T. Baczewski
- Magnetic
Heterostructures Laboratory, Institute of Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Al. Lotnikow 32/46, 02-668 Warszawa, Poland
| | - Shira Yochelis
- Applied
Physics Department, the Hebrew University
of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| | - Yossi Paltiel
- Applied
Physics Department, the Hebrew University
of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| | - Ron Naaman
- Department
of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann
Institute, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - David H. Waldeck
- Chemistry
Department, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
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49
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Lu H, Wang J, Xiao C, Pan X, Chen X, Brunecky R, Berry JJ, Zhu K, Beard MC, Vardeny ZV. Spin-dependent charge transport through 2D chiral hybrid lead-iodide perovskites. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2019; 5:eaay0571. [PMID: 31840072 PMCID: PMC6897542 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aay0571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Chiral-induced spin selectivity (CISS) occurs when the chirality of the transporting medium selects one of the two spin ½ states to transport through the media while blocking the other. Monolayers of chiral organic molecules demonstrate CISS but are limited in their efficiency and utility by the requirement of a monolayer to preserve the spin selectivity. We demonstrate CISS in a system that integrates an inorganic framework with a chiral organic sublattice inducing chirality to the hybrid system. Using magnetic conductive-probe atomic force microscopy, we find that oriented chiral 2D-layered Pb-iodide organic/inorganic hybrid perovskite systems exhibit CISS. Electron transport through the perovskite films depends on the magnetization of the probe tip and the handedness of the chiral molecule. The films achieve a highest spin-polarization transport of up to 86%. Magnetoresistance studies in modified spin-valve devices having only one ferromagnet electrode confirm the occurrence of spin-dependent charge transport through the organic/inorganic layers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haipeng Lu
- Chemistry and Nanoscience Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO 80401, USA
| | - Jingying Wang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Chuanxiao Xiao
- Chemistry and Nanoscience Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO 80401, USA
| | - Xin Pan
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Xihan Chen
- Chemistry and Nanoscience Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO 80401, USA
| | - Roman Brunecky
- Chemical and Bioscience Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO 80401, USA
| | - Joseph J. Berry
- Chemistry and Nanoscience Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO 80401, USA
| | - Kai Zhu
- Chemistry and Nanoscience Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO 80401, USA
| | - Matthew C. Beard
- Chemistry and Nanoscience Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO 80401, USA
- Corresponding author. (M.C.B.); (Z.V.V.)
| | - Zeev Valy Vardeny
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
- Corresponding author. (M.C.B.); (Z.V.V.)
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50
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Chen S, Sun Y, Li X, Song H. N-acetyl- -cysteine modified CuFe2O4@SiO2 core-shell nanoparticles as chiral probes for recognition of chiral tyrosine. J SOLID STATE CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jssc.2019.120994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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