1
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Pradhan A, Alboteanu G, Ya'akobovitz A, Niv A. Toward Monolayered Solar Cells: Luminescence Properties and Light Soaking in TMDs. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:28435-28440. [PMID: 38768216 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c02368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
The optical and photonic characteristics of monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) play a pivotal role in their functionality as solar cell materials, light-emitting diodes (LEDs), and other electro-optical applications. In this study, we reveal the impact of prolonged illumination on the luminescence properties and Raman spectra of monolayered MoS2 and WS2─a process known as "light soaking". We find a light-induced transition from the physisorption to the chemisorption of ambient O2 and H2O molecules. In parallel, we observe the activation and passivation of defect sites in the samples (depending on their initial defect density), which is attributed to the adsorbed ambient molecules and the resulting light-driven interactions with defect sites. Thus, we can control the active defect density of monolayered TMDs and shed light on the fundamental mechanisms underlying their luminescence properties. Therefore, this work clarifies the source of changes to the luminescence properties of TMDs and opens the path toward their integration into advanced applications that may be affected by light soaking, such as solar cells and energy devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anway Pradhan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, 8499000, Israel
| | - Guy Alboteanu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, 8499000, Israel
| | - Assaf Ya'akobovitz
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, 8499000, Israel
| | - Avi Niv
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, 8499000, Israel
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2
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Mujeeb F, Rana G, Chakrabarti P, Prasad Sahu B, Jeena R, Datta A, Dhar S. Recombination dynamics and manybody effect of excitons in large-area monolayer MoS 2capped with (111) NiO epitaxial layer. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2024; 36:315003. [PMID: 38657634 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ad42f0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
CVD grown monolayer MoS2films on c-sapphire substrates are vacuum annealed and capped with (111) NiO epitaxial films using pulsed laser deposition technique. Time, energy and polarization resolved optical techniques are used to understand the effect of capping on the excitonic properties of the monolayer MoS2. It has been observed that trion contribution in the photoluminescence (PL) spectra increases after the capping, suggesting an enhancement of electron concentration in the conduction band. This has been attributed to the capping driven reduction of physisorbed air molecules from the sulphur vacancy (VS) sites. Note that the air molecules act as passivating agents for theVS-donors. Low temperature polarization resolved PL spectroscopy and ultrafast pump and probe transient absorption spectroscopy (TAS) show an increase of the biexcitonic population in the system after the encapsulation. The TAS study further reveals longer lifetime for both A and B excitons in capped samples implying a reduction of non-radiative recombination rate of the excitons after the capping. It has also been observed that in the capped samples,K/K'valleys are populated with trions under sufficiently high pump powers. This has been attributed to the lower non-radiative recombination rates of the high energy photoexcited carriers and the faster transfer of either electrons or holes from the high energy pockets to theK/K'valleys. The study further reveals different many-body effects in excitons and trions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faiha Mujeeb
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Gourab Rana
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Poulab Chakrabarti
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Bhabani Prasad Sahu
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Rupa Jeena
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Anindya Datta
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Subhabrata Dhar
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India
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3
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Kim SJ, Lebègue S, Ringe S, Kim H. Elucidating Solvatochromic Shifts in Two-Dimensional Photocatalysts by Solving the Bethe-Salpeter Equation Coupled with Implicit Solvation Method. J Phys Chem Lett 2024; 15:4575-4580. [PMID: 38639559 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.4c00752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
Many studies have focused on tailoring the photophysical properties of two-dimensional (2D) materials for photocatalytic (PC) or photoelectrochemical (PEC) applications. To understand the optical properties of 2D materials in solution, we established a computational method that combined the Bethe-Salpeter equation (BSE) calculations with our GW-GPE method, allowing for GW/BSE-level calculations with implicit solvation described using the generalized Poisson equation (GPE). We applied this method to MoS2, phosphorene (PP), and g-C3N4 and found that when the solvent dielectric increased, it reduced the exciton binding energy and quasiparticle bandgap, resulting in almost no solvatochromic shift in the excitonic peaks of MoS2 and PP, which is consistent with previous experiments. However, our calculations predicted that the solvent dielectric had a significant impact on the excitonic properties of g-C3N4, exhibiting a large solvatochromic shift. We expect that our GW/BSE-GPE method will offer insights into the design of 2D materials for PC and PEC applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Se-Jun Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Sébastien Lebègue
- Université de Lorraine and CNRS, LPCT, UMR 7019, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy 54506, France
| | - Stefan Ringe
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyungjun Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
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4
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Jeffries WR, Jawaid AM, Vaia RA, Knappenberger KL. Thickness-dependent electronic relaxation dynamics in solution-phase redox-exfoliated MoS2 heterostructures. J Chem Phys 2024; 160:144707. [PMID: 38597312 DOI: 10.1063/5.0200398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Electronic relaxation dynamics of solution-phase redox-exfoliated molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) monolayer and multilayer ensembles are described. MoS2 was exfoliated using polyoxometalate (POM) reductants. This process yields a colloidal heterostructure consisting of MoS2 2D sheet multilayers with surface-bound POM complexes. Using two-dimensional electronic spectroscopy, transient bleaching and photoinduced absorption signals were detected at excitation/detection energies of 1.82/1.87 and 1.82/1.80 eV, respectively. Approximate 100-fs bandgap renormalization (BGR) and subsequent defect- and phonon-mediated relaxation on the picosecond timescale were resolved for several MoS2 thicknesses spanning from 1 to 2 L to ∼20 L. BGR rates were independent of sample thickness and slightly slower than observations for chemical vapor deposition-grown MoS2 monolayers. However, defect-mediated relaxation accelerated ∼10-fold with increased sample thicknesses. The relaxation rates increased from 0.33 ± 0.05 to 1.2 ± 0.1 and 3.1 ± 0.4 ps-1 for 1-2 L, 3-4 L, and 20 L fractions. The thicknesses-dependent relaxation rates for POM-MoS2 heterostructures were modeled using a saturating exponential function that showed saturation at thirteen MoS2 layers. The results suggest that the increased POM surface coverage leads to larger defect density in the POM-MoS2 heterostructure. These are the first descriptions of the influence of sample thickness on electronic relaxation rates in solution-phase redox-exfoliated POM-MoS2 heterostructures. Outcomes of this work are expected to impact the development of solution-phase exfoliation of 2D metal-chalcogenide heterostructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- William R Jeffries
- Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - Ali M Jawaid
- Air Force Research Laboratory, 2941 Hobson Way, Wright Patterson Air Force Base, Dayton, Ohio 45433, USA
| | - Richard A Vaia
- Air Force Research Laboratory, 2941 Hobson Way, Wright Patterson Air Force Base, Dayton, Ohio 45433, USA
| | - Kenneth L Knappenberger
- Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
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5
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Shin BG, Oh HM, Bae JJ, Song YJ, Lee YH. Charged Exciton Generation by Curvature-Induced Band Gap Fluctuations in Structurally Disordered Two-Dimensional Semiconductors. ACS NANO 2024; 18:10156-10164. [PMID: 38551612 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c00026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Curvature is a general factor for various two-dimensional (2D) materials due to their flexibility, which is not yet fully unveiled to control their physical properties. In particular, the effect of structural disorder with random curvature formation on excitons in 2D semiconductors is not fully understood. Here, the correlation between structural disorder and exciton formation in monolayer MoS2 on SiO2 was investigated by using photoluminescence (PL) and Raman spectroscopy. We found that the curvature-induced charge localization along with band gap fluctuations aid the formation of the localized charged excitons (such as trions). In the substrate-supported region, the trion population is enhanced by a localized charge due to the microscopic random bending strain, while the trion is suppressed in the suspended region which exhibits negligible bending strain, anomalously even though the dielectric screening effect is lower than that of the supported region. The redistribution of each exciton by the bending strain leads to a huge variation (∼100-fold) in PL intensity between the supported and suspended regions, which cannot be fully comprehended by external potential disorders such as a random distribution of charged impurities. The peak position of PL in MoS2/SiO2 is inversely proportional to the Raman peak position of E12g, indicating that the bending strain is correlated with PL. The supported regions exhibit an indirect portion that was not shown in the suspended regions or atomically flat substrates. The understanding of the structural disorder effect on excitons provides a fundamental path for optoelectronics and strain engineering of 2D semiconductors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bong Gyu Shin
- Department of Nano Science and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
- SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT), Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
- Center for Integrated Nanostructure Physics (CINAP), Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Min Oh
- Department of Physics, Kunsan National University, Gunsan, Jeonbuk 54150, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Jun Bae
- Center for Integrated Nanostructure Physics (CINAP), Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Jae Song
- Department of Nano Science and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
- SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT), Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
- Center for Integrated Nanostructure Physics (CINAP), Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
- Department of Nano Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Hee Lee
- Center for Integrated Nanostructure Physics (CINAP), Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
- Department of Energy Science (DOES), Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
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6
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Qi M, Tong T, Fan X, Li X, Wang S, Zhang G, Chen R, Hu J, Yang Z, Zeng G, Qin C, Xiao L, Jia S. Anomalous layer-dependent photoluminescence spectra of supertwisted spiral WS 2. OPTICS EXPRESS 2024; 32:10419-10428. [PMID: 38571254 DOI: 10.1364/oe.516177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Twisted stacking of two-dimensional materials with broken inversion symmetry, such as spiral MoTe2 nanopyramids and supertwisted spiral WS2, emerge extremely strong second- and third-harmonic generation. Unlike well-studied nonlinear optical effects in these newly synthesized layered materials, photoluminescence (PL) spectra and exciton information involving their optoelectronic applications remain unknown. Here, we report layer- and power-dependent PL spectra of the supertwisted spiral WS2. The anomalous layer-dependent PL evolutions that PL intensity almost linearly increases with the rise of layer thickness have been determined. Furthermore, from the power-dependent spectra, we find the power exponents of the supertwisted spiral WS2 are smaller than 1, while those of the conventional multilayer WS2 are bigger than 1. These two abnormal phenomena indicate the enlarged interlayer spacing and the decoupling interlayer interaction in the supertwisted spiral WS2. These observations provide insight into PL features in the supertwisted spiral materials and may pave the way for further optoelectronic devices based on the twisted stacking materials.
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7
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Ryu H, Hong SC, Kim K, Jung Y, Lee Y, Lee K, Kim Y, Kim H, Watanabe K, Taniguchi T, Kim J, Kim K, Cheong H, Lee GH. Optical grade transformation of monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides via encapsulation annealing. NANOSCALE 2024. [PMID: 38439548 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr06641j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
Monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) have emerged as highly promising candidates for optoelectronic applications due to their direct band gap and strong light-matter interactions. However, exfoliated TMDs have demonstrated optical characteristics that fall short of expectations, primarily because of significant defects and associated doping in the synthesized TMD crystals. Here, we report the improvement of optical properties in monolayer TMDs of MoS2, MoSe2, WS2, and WSe2, by hBN-encapsulation annealing. Monolayer WSe2 showed 2000% enhanced photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) and 1000% increased lifetime after encapsulation annealing at 1000 °C, which are attributed to dominant radiative recombination of excitons through dedoping of monolayer TMDs. Furthermore, after encapsulation annealing, the transport characteristics of monolayer WS2 changed from n-type to ambipolar, along with an enhanced hole transport, which also support dedoping of annealed TMDs. This work provides an innovative approach to elevate the optical grade of monolayer TMDs, enabling the fabrication of high-performance optoelectronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huije Ryu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
| | - Seong Chul Hong
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kangwon Kim
- Department of Physics, Sogang University, Seoul 04107, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeonjoon Jung
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yangjin Lee
- Department of Physics, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
- Center for Nanomedicine, Institute for Basic Science, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Kihyun Lee
- Department of Physics, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
- Center for Nanomedicine, Institute for Basic Science, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngbum Kim
- Department of Energy Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunjun Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kenji Watanabe
- Research Center for Electronic and Optical Materials, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba 305-0044, Japan
| | - Takashi Taniguchi
- Research Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba 305-0044, Japan
| | - Jeongyong Kim
- Department of Energy Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwanpyo Kim
- Department of Physics, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
- Center for Nanomedicine, Institute for Basic Science, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeonsik Cheong
- Department of Physics, Sogang University, Seoul 04107, Republic of Korea
| | - Gwan-Hyoung Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
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8
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Zhu Y, Jiang S, Zhang J, Qu Z, Wu Z, Xu Z, Hu W, Dai Y, Yang F. Janus monolayer PXC (X = As/Sb) for photocatalytic water splitting with a negative Poisson's ratio. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:4564-4571. [PMID: 38247318 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp04930b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) Janus materials have attracted considerable attention in photocatalysis owing to their robust redox capability and efficient segregation. In this study, we propose a novel Janus monolayer structure, denoted as PXC (X = As/Sb), exhibiting favorable stability in terms of dynamics, thermal properties, and mechanical characteristics. The PXC monolayers demonstrate a relatively smaller Young's modulus (132.5/119.5 N m-1 for PAsC/PSbC) and large negative Poisson's ratios (-0.15/-0.101 for PAsC/PSbC). Moreover, the HSE06 + SOC functional results show that PAsC/PSbC are indirect semiconductors with a 2.33/1.43 eV band gap, exhibiting a suitable band alignment for photocatalytic water splitting. The calculated high carrier mobility (104 cm2 V-1 s-1), along with a significant discrepancy, determined by the deformation potential theory and the built-up field induced by the large intrinsic dipole, effectively suppresses the recombination of photogenerated carriers. Furthermore, PXC monolayers possess a strong absorption capacity in the visible and ultraviolet light region (105 cm-1). Therefore, our results indicate that PXC monolayers hold great potential for application in the field of photocatalytic water splitting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunlai Zhu
- School of Integrated Circuits, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, 230601, China.
| | - Shuo Jiang
- School of Integrated Circuits, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, 230601, China.
| | - Jishun Zhang
- School of Integrated Circuits, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, 230601, China.
| | - Zihan Qu
- School of Integrated Circuits, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, 230601, China.
| | - Zuheng Wu
- School of Integrated Circuits, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, 230601, China.
| | - Zuyu Xu
- School of Integrated Circuits, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, 230601, China.
| | - Wei Hu
- School of Integrated Circuits, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, 230601, China.
| | - Yuehua Dai
- School of Integrated Circuits, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, 230601, China.
| | - Fei Yang
- School of Integrated Circuits, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, 230601, China.
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9
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Gauriot N, Ashoka A, Lim J, See ST, Sung J, Rao A. Direct Imaging of Carrier Funneling in a Dielectric Engineered 2D Semiconductor. ACS NANO 2024; 18:264-271. [PMID: 38196169 PMCID: PMC10786151 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c05957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
In atomically thin transition-metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs), the environmental sensitivity of the strong Coulomb interaction offers promising approaches to create spatially varying potential landscapes in the same continuous material by tuning its dielectric environment. Thus, allowing for control of transport. However, a scalable and CMOS-compatible method for achieving this is required to harness these effects in practical applications. In addition, because of their ultrashort lifetime, observing the spatiotemporal dynamics of carriers in monolayer TMDCs, on the relevant time scale, is challenging. Here, we pattern and deposit a thin film of hafnium oxide (HfO2) via atomic layer deposition (ALD) on top of a monolayer of WSe2. This allows for the engineering of the dielectric environment of the monolayer and design of heterostructures with nanoscale spatial resolution via a highly scalable postsynthesis methodology. We then directly image the transport of photoexcitations in the monolayer with 50 fs time resolution and few-nanometer spatial precision, using a pump probe microscopy technique. We observe the unidirectional funneling of charge carriers, from the unpatterned to the patterned areas, over more than 50 nm in the first 20 ps with velocities of over 2 × 103 m/s at room temperature. These results demonstrate the possibilities offered by dielectric engineering via ALD patterning, allowing for arbitrary spatial patterns that define the potential landscape and allow for control of the transport of excitations in atomically thin materials. This work also shows the power of the transient absorption methodology to image the motion of photoexcited states in complex potential landscapes on ultrafast time scales.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Gauriot
- Cavendish
Laboratory, University of Cambridge, CB3 0HE Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Arjun Ashoka
- Cavendish
Laboratory, University of Cambridge, CB3 0HE Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Juhwan Lim
- Cavendish
Laboratory, University of Cambridge, CB3 0HE Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Soo Teck See
- Cavendish
Laboratory, University of Cambridge, CB3 0HE Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Jooyoung Sung
- Cavendish
Laboratory, University of Cambridge, CB3 0HE Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Department
of Physics and Chemistry, DGIST, Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea
| | - Akshay Rao
- Cavendish
Laboratory, University of Cambridge, CB3 0HE Cambridge, United Kingdom
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10
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Bayramov AH, Bagiyev EA, Alizade EH, Jalilli JN, Mamedov NT, Jahangirli ZA, Asadullayeva SG, Aliyeva YN, Cuscunà M, Lorenzo D, Esposito M, Balestra G, Simeone D, Tobaldi DM, Abou-Ras D, Schorr S. Two-Channel Indirect-Gap Photoluminescence and Competition between the Conduction Band Valleys in Few-Layer MoS 2. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 14:96. [PMID: 38202552 PMCID: PMC10780461 DOI: 10.3390/nano14010096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
MoS2 is a two-dimensional layered transition metal dichalcogenide with unique electronic and optical properties. The fabrication of ultrathin MoS2 is vitally important, since interlayer interactions in its ultrathin varieties will become thickness-dependent, providing thickness-governed tunability and diverse applications of those properties. Unlike with a number of studies that have reported detailed information on direct bandgap emission from MoS2 monolayers, reliable experimental evidence for thickness-induced evolution or transformation of the indirect bandgap remains scarce. Here, the sulfurization of MoO3 thin films with nominal thicknesses of 30 nm, 5 nm and 3 nm was performed. All sulfurized samples were examined at room temperature with spectroscopic ellipsometry and photoluminescence spectroscopy to obtain information about their dielectric function and edge emission spectra. This investigation unveiled an indirect-to-indirect crossover between the transitions, associated with two different Λ and K valleys of the MoS2 conduction band, by thinning its thickness down to a few layers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayaz H. Bayramov
- Institute of Physics, Ministry of Science and Education, Baku Az1143, Azerbaijan; (A.H.B.); (E.H.A.); (S.G.A.)
| | - Elnur A. Bagiyev
- Institute of Physics, Ministry of Science and Education, Baku Az1143, Azerbaijan; (A.H.B.); (E.H.A.); (S.G.A.)
| | - Elvin H. Alizade
- Institute of Physics, Ministry of Science and Education, Baku Az1143, Azerbaijan; (A.H.B.); (E.H.A.); (S.G.A.)
| | - Javid N. Jalilli
- Institute of Physics, Ministry of Science and Education, Baku Az1143, Azerbaijan; (A.H.B.); (E.H.A.); (S.G.A.)
| | - Nazim T. Mamedov
- Institute of Physics, Ministry of Science and Education, Baku Az1143, Azerbaijan; (A.H.B.); (E.H.A.); (S.G.A.)
- Institute of Physical Problems, Baku State University, Ministry of Science and Education, Baku Az1148, Azerbaijan;
| | - Zakir A. Jahangirli
- Institute of Physics, Ministry of Science and Education, Baku Az1143, Azerbaijan; (A.H.B.); (E.H.A.); (S.G.A.)
- Institute of Physical Problems, Baku State University, Ministry of Science and Education, Baku Az1148, Azerbaijan;
| | - Saida G. Asadullayeva
- Institute of Physics, Ministry of Science and Education, Baku Az1143, Azerbaijan; (A.H.B.); (E.H.A.); (S.G.A.)
| | - Yegana N. Aliyeva
- Institute of Physical Problems, Baku State University, Ministry of Science and Education, Baku Az1148, Azerbaijan;
| | - Massimo Cuscunà
- National Research Council, Institute of Nanotechnology (NANOTEC), University c/o Campus Ecotekne, Via per Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy; (D.L.); (M.E.); (G.B.); (D.S.); (D.M.T.)
| | - Daniela Lorenzo
- National Research Council, Institute of Nanotechnology (NANOTEC), University c/o Campus Ecotekne, Via per Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy; (D.L.); (M.E.); (G.B.); (D.S.); (D.M.T.)
| | - Marco Esposito
- National Research Council, Institute of Nanotechnology (NANOTEC), University c/o Campus Ecotekne, Via per Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy; (D.L.); (M.E.); (G.B.); (D.S.); (D.M.T.)
| | - Gianluca Balestra
- National Research Council, Institute of Nanotechnology (NANOTEC), University c/o Campus Ecotekne, Via per Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy; (D.L.); (M.E.); (G.B.); (D.S.); (D.M.T.)
- Department of Mathematics and Physics ‘‘Ennio De Giorgi”, University of Salento, c/o Campus Ecotekne, Via per Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Daniela Simeone
- National Research Council, Institute of Nanotechnology (NANOTEC), University c/o Campus Ecotekne, Via per Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy; (D.L.); (M.E.); (G.B.); (D.S.); (D.M.T.)
| | - David Maria Tobaldi
- National Research Council, Institute of Nanotechnology (NANOTEC), University c/o Campus Ecotekne, Via per Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy; (D.L.); (M.E.); (G.B.); (D.S.); (D.M.T.)
| | - Daniel Abou-Ras
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin for Materials and Energy (HZB), Department of Structure and Dynamics of Energy Materials, 14109 Berlin, Germany; (D.A.-R.); (S.S.)
| | - Susan Schorr
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin for Materials and Energy (HZB), Department of Structure and Dynamics of Energy Materials, 14109 Berlin, Germany; (D.A.-R.); (S.S.)
- Institute of Geological Sciences, Free University of Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany
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11
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Luo Y, Su W, Chen F, Wu K, Zeng Y, Lu HW. Observation of Strong Anisotropic Interlayer Excitons. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:54808-54817. [PMID: 37975532 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c12429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Anisotropic interlayer excitons had been theoretically predicted to exist in two-dimensional (2D) anisotropy/isotropy van der Waals heterojunctions. However, experimental results consolidating the theoretical prediction and exploring the related anisotropic optoelectronic response have not been reported so far. Herein, strong photoluminescence (PL) of anisotropic interlayer excitons is observed in a symmetric anisotropy/isotropy/anisotropy heterojunction exemplified by 3L-ReS2/1L-MoS2/3L-ReS2 using monolayer (1L) MoS2 and trilayer (3L) ReS2 as components. Sharp interlayer exciton PL peaks centered at ∼1.64, ∼1.61, and ∼1.57 eV are only observed at low temperatures of ≤120 K and become more pronounced as the temperature decreases. These interlayer excitons exhibit strong anisotropic PL intensity variations with periodicities of 180° as functions of the incident laser polarization angles. The polarization ratios of these interlayer excitons are calculated to be 1.33-1.45. Our study gives new insight into the manipulation of excitons in 2D materials and paves a new way for a rational design of novel anisotropic optoelectronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Luo
- School of Sciences, Hangzhou Dianzi University, 310018 Hangzhou, China
| | - Weitao Su
- School of Sciences, Hangzhou Dianzi University, 310018 Hangzhou, China
| | - Fei Chen
- College of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, 310018 Hangzhou, China
| | - Ke Wu
- School of Sciences, Hangzhou Dianzi University, 310018 Hangzhou, China
| | - Yijie Zeng
- School of Sciences, Hangzhou Dianzi University, 310018 Hangzhou, China
| | - Hong-Wei Lu
- School of Sciences, Hangzhou Dianzi University, 310018 Hangzhou, China
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12
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Serati de Brito C, Faria Junior PE, Ghiasi TS, Ingla-Aynés J, Rabahi CR, Cavalini C, Dirnberger F, Mañas-Valero S, Watanabe K, Taniguchi T, Zollner K, Fabian J, Schüller C, van der Zant HSJ, Gobato YG. Charge Transfer and Asymmetric Coupling of MoSe 2 Valleys to the Magnetic Order of CrSBr. NANO LETTERS 2023. [PMID: 38019289 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c03431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
van der Waals heterostructures composed of two-dimensional (2D) transition metal dichalcogenides and vdW magnetic materials offer an intriguing platform to functionalize valley and excitonic properties in nonmagnetic TMDs. Here, we report magneto photoluminescence (PL) investigations of monolayer (ML) MoSe2 on the layered A-type antiferromagnetic (AFM) semiconductor CrSBr under different magnetic field orientations. Our results reveal a clear influence of the CrSBr magnetic order on the optical properties of MoSe2, such as an anomalous linear-polarization dependence, changes of the exciton/trion energies, a magnetic-field dependence of the PL intensities, and a valley g-factor with signatures of an asymmetric magnetic proximity interaction. Furthermore, first-principles calculations suggest that MoSe2/CrSBr forms a broken-gap (type-III) band alignment, facilitating charge transfer processes. The work establishes that antiferromagnetic-nonmagnetic interfaces can be used to control the valley and excitonic properties of TMDs, relevant for the development of opto-spintronics devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caique Serati de Brito
- Physics Department, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP 13565-905, Brazil
- Institut für Experimentelle und Angewandte Physik, Universität Regensburg, D-93040 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Paulo E Faria Junior
- Institute for Theoretical Physics, University of Regensburg, D-93040 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Talieh S Ghiasi
- Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, Lorentzweg 1, 2628 CJ Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Josep Ingla-Aynés
- Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, Lorentzweg 1, 2628 CJ Delft, The Netherlands
| | - César Ricardo Rabahi
- Physics Department, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Camila Cavalini
- Physics Department, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Florian Dirnberger
- Institute of Applied Physics and Würzburg-Dresden Cluster of Excellence ct.qmat, Technische Universität, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Samuel Mañas-Valero
- Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, Lorentzweg 1, 2628 CJ Delft, The Netherlands
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol), Universitat de València, Catedrático José Beltrán 2, Paterna 46980, Spain
| | - Kenji Watanabe
- Research Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba 305-0044, Japan
| | - Takashi Taniguchi
- Research Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba 305-0044, Japan
| | - Klaus Zollner
- Institute for Theoretical Physics, University of Regensburg, D-93040 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Jaroslav Fabian
- Institute for Theoretical Physics, University of Regensburg, D-93040 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Christian Schüller
- Institut für Experimentelle und Angewandte Physik, Universität Regensburg, D-93040 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Herre S J van der Zant
- Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, Lorentzweg 1, 2628 CJ Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Yara Galvão Gobato
- Physics Department, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP 13565-905, Brazil
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13
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Sun X, Lu Z, Lu Y. Enhanced interactions of excitonic complexes in free-standing WS 2. NANOSCALE 2023. [PMID: 37937449 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr04594c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
Excitonic complexes, bound states of electrons and holes, provide a promising platform in monolayer transition-metal dichalcogenide (TMDC) semiconductors for investigating diverse many-body interaction phenomena. The surrounding dielectric environment has been found to strongly influence the excitonic properties of the TMDC monolayers. While the impact of different dielectric surroundings on two-dimensional semiconductor materials and their strong correlations have been well studied, the effects on exciton formation and its properties resulting from a further reduction in dielectric screening remain elusive. In this study, we examined free-standing tungsten disulfide (WS2) monolayers, where the efficient generation of higher-order correlated excitonic complexes is readily observed. This phenomenon arises from the effective mutual interactions among excitons and internal carriers, attributed to the modulated exciton dynamics generated by the further reduced dielectric screening effect in the freestanding structure. The formation efficiency of excitonic complexes is enhanced and the multiple biexciton species (five particles such as charged biexcitons and acceptor/donor-bound biexcitons) are successfully induced under low excitation intensity and moderate temperature conditions. Our findings offer valuable insights into the influence of the dielectric environment on exciton interactions and enable a productive avenue for exploring fundamental many-body interactions, providing new possibilities for dielectric engineering of atomic thin semiconductors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueqian Sun
- School of Engineering, College of Engineering and Computer Science, the Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - Zhuoyuan Lu
- School of Engineering, College of Engineering and Computer Science, the Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - Yuerui Lu
- School of Engineering, College of Engineering and Computer Science, the Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Quantum Computation and Communication Technology, the Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia.
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14
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Cho C, Zhang Z, Kim JM, Ma PJ, Haque MF, Snapp P, Nam S. Spatial Tuning of Light-Matter Interaction via Strain-Gradient-Induced Polarization in Freestanding Wrinkled 2D Materials. NANO LETTERS 2023; 23:9340-9346. [PMID: 37796972 PMCID: PMC10603806 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c02550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
To date, controlled deformation of two-dimensional (2D) materials has been extensively demonstrated with substrate-supported structures. However, interfacial effects arising from these supporting materials may suppress or alter the unique behavior of the deformed 2D materials. To address interfacial effects, we report, for the first time, the formation of a micrometer-scale freestanding wrinkled structure of 2D material without any encapsulation layers where we observed the enhanced light-matter interactions with a spatial modulation. Freestanding wrinkled monolayer WSe2 exhibited about a 330% enhancement relative to supported wrinkled WSe2 quantified through photoinduced force microscopy. Spatial modulation and enhancement of light interaction in the freestanding wrinkled structures are attributed to the enhanced strain-gradient effect (i.e., out-of-plane polarization) enabled by removing the constraining support and proximate dielectrics. Our findings offer an additional degree of freedom to modulate the out-of-plane polarization and enhance the out-of-plane light-matter interaction in 2D materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chullhee Cho
- Department
of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University
of Illinois Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Cryogenics
and Fluids Branch, NASA Goddard Space Flight
Center, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, United States
| | - Zhichao Zhang
- Department
of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University
of Illinois Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Jin Myung Kim
- Department
of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Peiwen J. Ma
- Department
of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Md Farhadul Haque
- Department
of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University
of Illinois Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Peter Snapp
- Department
of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University
of Illinois Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Detectors
Systems Branch, NASA Goddard Space Flight
Center, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, United States
| | - SungWoo Nam
- Department
of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, United States
- Department
of Materials Science Engineering, University
of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, United States
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15
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Upadhyay B, Sharma R, Maity D, Narayan TN, Pal SK. Ultrafast carrier dynamics in vanadium-doped MoS 2 alloys. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:16344-16353. [PMID: 37786388 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr03337f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
Substitutional doping is a most promising approach to manipulate the electronic and optical properties of two-dimensional (2D) transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs). In addition to inducing magnetism, vanadium (V) doping can lead to semiconductor-metal transition in TMDCs. However, the dynamics of charge carriers that governs the optoelectronic properties of doped TMDCs has been rarely revealed. In this work, we have investigated the dynamics of photocarriers in pristine and V-doped monolayer (ML) MoS2. Comparison of the transient absorption (TA) spectra of ML MoS2 with lightly (≤1%) and heavily (3.62%) V-doped MoS2 infers the induction of additional energy states in the doped materials giving rise to new low energy bleach features in the TA spectra. The quasiparticle band structure of MoS2 is found to disappear at sufficiently high V doping due to the presence of impurity bands. An attempt has also been made to study the manipulation of the carrier lifetime with V doping in MoS2. Our TA kinetic measurements suggest that the decay kinetics of the carriers becomes slower with increasing doping percentage and at a higher doping level the carriers survive for a much longer time compared to pristine MoS2. Furthermore, we have identified a new electronic transition (NET) in heavily V-doped MoS2 at high pump fluences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhuvan Upadhyay
- School of Physical Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi, Kamand, Mandi, Himachal Pradesh, 175075, India.
- Advanced Materials Research Center, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi, Kamand, Mandi, Himachal Pradesh, 175075, India
| | - Rahul Sharma
- Tata Institute of Fundamental Research-Hyderabad, Sy. No. 36/P, Gopanapally Village, Serilingampally Mandal, Hyderabad-500046, India
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, 75236, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Dipak Maity
- Tata Institute of Fundamental Research-Hyderabad, Sy. No. 36/P, Gopanapally Village, Serilingampally Mandal, Hyderabad-500046, India
| | - Tharangattu N Narayan
- Tata Institute of Fundamental Research-Hyderabad, Sy. No. 36/P, Gopanapally Village, Serilingampally Mandal, Hyderabad-500046, India
| | - Suman Kalyan Pal
- School of Physical Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi, Kamand, Mandi, Himachal Pradesh, 175075, India.
- Advanced Materials Research Center, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi, Kamand, Mandi, Himachal Pradesh, 175075, India
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16
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Xu N, Hong D, Liang B, Qiu L, Tian Y, Li S. Lattice Vacancy Induced Energy Renormalization of Photonic Quasiparticles in Two-Dimensional Semiconductors. ACS NANO 2023; 17:16904-16911. [PMID: 37603694 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c03996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
Coulomb interactions among dense charges and quasiparticle energy renormalization are at the center of quantum science because they significantly reshape the fundamental electronic and photonic properties of materials. While lattice vacancies are ubiquitous in solid materials, their physical effect on the Coulomb interaction among quasiparticles is normally weak and negligible. Here we show that in atomically thin semiconductors the presence of lattice vacancies emerges as an important but unexplored origin for the nontrivial renormalization of quasiparticle binding energies, due to the subtle modification of overall dielectric functions at low dimensionality. Such a renormalization effect leads to unusual reduction in the energy scales of photonic quasiparticles and red shifts of photoluminescence as the density of lattice vacancies increases. With strict configurative form factors derived, a dielectric screening model is also established for the generalized trilayer systems to capture the fine modification in the energy scales of quasiparticles and to elucidate the dielectric functions versus realistic Bohr lengths. This finding highlights the essential but commonly neglected role of lattice vacancies and deciphers the longstanding enigma of unpredictable photoluminescent line shifts in low-dimensional systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Xu
- School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Daocheng Hong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Binxi Liang
- School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Lipeng Qiu
- School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuxi Tian
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Songlin Li
- School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, People's Republic of China
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17
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Gupta G, Watanabe K, Taniguchi T, Majumdar K. Observation of ~100% valley-coherent excitons in monolayer MoS 2 through giant enhancement of valley coherence time. LIGHT, SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS 2023; 12:173. [PMID: 37443142 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-023-01220-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
In monolayer transition metal dichalcogenide semiconductors, valley coherence degrades rapidly due to a combination of fast scattering and inter-valley exchange interaction. This leads to a sub-picosecond valley coherence time, making coherent manipulation of exciton a highly challenging task. Using monolayer MoS2 sandwiched between top and bottom graphene, here we demonstrate fully valley-coherent excitons by observing ~100% degree of linear polarization in steady state photoluminescence. This is achieved in this unique design through a combined effect of (a) suppression in exchange interaction due to enhanced dielectric screening, (b) reduction in exciton lifetime due to a fast inter-layer transfer to graphene, and (c) operating in the motional narrowing regime. We disentangle the role of the key parameters affecting valley coherence by using a combination of calculation (solutions of Bethe-Salpeter and Maialle-Silva-Sham equations) and a careful choice of design of experiments using four different stacks with systematic variation of screening and exciton lifetime. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report in which the excitons are found to be valley coherent in the entire lifetime in monolayer semiconductors, allowing optical readout of valley coherence possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Garima Gupta
- Department of Electrical Communication Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
| | - Kenji Watanabe
- Research Center for Functional Materials, National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Takashi Taniguchi
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics, National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Kausik Majumdar
- Department of Electrical Communication Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India.
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18
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van Loon EGCP, Schüler M, Springer D, Sangiovanni G, Tomczak JM, Wehling TO. Coulomb engineering of two-dimensional Mott materials. NPJ 2D MATERIALS AND APPLICATIONS 2023; 7:47. [PMID: 38665482 PMCID: PMC11041779 DOI: 10.1038/s41699-023-00408-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Two-dimensional materials can be strongly influenced by their surroundings. A dielectric environment screens and reduces the Coulomb interaction between electrons in the two-dimensional material. Since in Mott materials the Coulomb interaction is responsible for the insulating state, manipulating the dielectric screening provides direct control over Mottness. Our many-body calculations reveal the spectroscopic fingerprints of such Coulomb engineering: we demonstrate eV-scale changes to the position of the Hubbard bands and show a Coulomb engineered insulator-to-metal transition. Based on our proof-of-principle calculations, we discuss the (feasible) conditions under which our scenario of Coulomb engineering of Mott materials can be realized experimentally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik G. C. P. van Loon
- Mathematical Physics Division, Department of Physics, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Bremen, Otto-Hahn-Allee 1, 28359 Bremen, Germany
- Bremen Center for Computational Materials Science, Universität Bremen, Am Fallturm 1a, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Malte Schüler
- Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Bremen, Otto-Hahn-Allee 1, 28359 Bremen, Germany
- Bremen Center for Computational Materials Science, Universität Bremen, Am Fallturm 1a, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Daniel Springer
- Institute of Solid State Physics, TU Wien, A-1040 Vienna, Austria
- Institute of Advanced Research in Artificial Intelligence, IARAI, A-1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Giorgio Sangiovanni
- Institut für Theoretische Physik und Astrophysik and Würzburg-Dresden Cluster of Excellence ct.qmat, Universität Würzburg, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Jan M. Tomczak
- Institute of Solid State Physics, TU Wien, A-1040 Vienna, Austria
- Department of Physics, King’s College London, Strand, London, WC2R 2LS UK
| | - Tim O. Wehling
- I. Institute of Theoretical Physics, University of Hamburg, D-22607 Hamburg, Germany
- The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, D-22761 Hamburg, Germany
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19
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Schmeink J, Musytschuk V, Pollmann E, Sleziona S, Maas A, Kratzer P, Schleberger M. Evaluating strain and doping of Janus MoSSe from phonon mode shifts supported by ab initio DFT calculations. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:10834-10841. [PMID: 37335022 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr01978k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
With the study of Janus monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides, in which one of the two chalcogen layers is replaced by another type of chalcogen atom, research on two-dimensional materials is advancing into new areas. Yet only little is known about this new kind of material class, mainly due to the difficult synthesis. In this work, we synthesize MoSSe monolayers from exfoliated samples and compare their Raman signatures with density functional theory calculations of phonon modes that depend in a nontrivial way on doping and strain. With this as a tool, we can infer limits for the possible combinations of strain and doping levels. This reference data can be applied to all MoSSe Janus samples in order to quickly estimate their strain and doping, providing a reliable tool for future work. In order to narrow down the results for our samples further, we analyze the temperature-dependent photoluminescence spectra and time-correlated single-photon counting measurements. The lifetime of Janus MoSSe monolayers exhibits two decay processes with an average total lifetime of 1.57 ns. Moreover, we find a strong trion contribution to the photoluminescence spectra at low temperature which we attribute to excess charge carriers, corroborating our ab initio calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Schmeink
- University of Duisburg-Essen, Faculty of Physics and CENIDE, 47057 Duisburg, Germany.
| | - Vladislav Musytschuk
- University of Duisburg-Essen, Faculty of Physics and CENIDE, 47057 Duisburg, Germany.
| | - Erik Pollmann
- University of Duisburg-Essen, Faculty of Physics and CENIDE, 47057 Duisburg, Germany.
| | - Stephan Sleziona
- University of Duisburg-Essen, Faculty of Physics and CENIDE, 47057 Duisburg, Germany.
| | - André Maas
- University of Duisburg-Essen, Faculty of Physics and CENIDE, 47057 Duisburg, Germany.
| | - Peter Kratzer
- University of Duisburg-Essen, Faculty of Physics and CENIDE, 47057 Duisburg, Germany.
| | - Marika Schleberger
- University of Duisburg-Essen, Faculty of Physics and CENIDE, 47057 Duisburg, Germany.
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20
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Sayer T, Farah YR, Austin R, Sambur J, Krummel AT, Montoya-Castillo A. Trion Formation Resolves Observed Peak Shifts in the Optical Spectra of Transition-Metal Dichalcogenides. NANO LETTERS 2023. [PMID: 37311112 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c01342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Monolayer transition-metal dichalcogenides (ML-TMDs) have the potential to unlock novel photonic and chemical technologies if their optoelectronic properties can be understood and controlled. Yet, recent work has offered contradictory explanations for how TMD absorption spectra change with carrier concentration, fluence, and time. Here, we test our hypothesis that the large broadening and shifting of the strong band-edge features observed in optical spectra arise from the formation of negative trions. We do this by fitting an ab initio based, many-body model to our experimental electrochemical data. Our approach provides an excellent, global description of the potential-dependent linear absorption data. We further leverage our model to demonstrate that trion formation explains the nonmonotonic potential dependence of the transient absorption spectra, including through photoinduced derivative line shapes for the trion peak. Our results motivate the continued development of theoretical methods to describe cutting-edge experiments in a physically transparent way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Sayer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder 80309, Colorado, United States
| | - Yusef R Farah
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins 80523, Colorado, United States
| | - Rachelle Austin
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins 80523, Colorado, United States
| | - Justin Sambur
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins 80523, Colorado, United States
- School of Advanced Materials Discovery, Colorado State University, Fort Collins 80524, Colorado, United States
| | - Amber T Krummel
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins 80523, Colorado, United States
| | - Andrés Montoya-Castillo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder 80309, Colorado, United States
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21
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Chen J, Yue X, Shan Y, Wang H, Han J, Wang H, Sheng C, Hu L, Liu R, Yang W, Qiu ZJ, Cong C. Twist-angle-dependent momentum-space direct and indirect interlayer excitons in WSe 2/WS 2 heterostructure. RSC Adv 2023; 13:18099-18107. [PMID: 37323440 PMCID: PMC10267672 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra02952b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Interlayer excitons (ILEs) in the van der Waals (vdW) heterostructures of type-II band alignment transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) have attracted significant interest owing to their unique exciton properties and potential in quantum information applications. However, the new dimension that emerges with the stacking of structures with a twist angle leads to a more complex fine structure of ILEs, presenting both an opportunity and a challenge for the regulation of the interlayer excitons. In this study, we report the evolution of interlayer excitons with the twist angle in the WSe2/WS2 heterostructure and identify the direct (indirect) interlayer excitons by combining photoluminescence (PL) and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Two interlayer excitons with opposite circular polarization assigned to the different transition paths of K-K and Q-K were observed. The nature of the direct (indirect) interlayer exciton was confirmed by circular polarization PL measurement, excitation power-dependent PL measurement and DFT calculations. Furthermore, by applying an external electric field to regulate the band structure of the WSe2/WS2 heterostructure and control the transition path of the interlayer excitons, we could successfully realize the regulation of interlayer exciton emission. This study provides more evidence for the twist-angle-based control of heterostructure properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of ASIC & System, School of Information Science and Technology, Fudan University Shanghai 200433 China
| | - Xiaofei Yue
- State Key Laboratory of ASIC & System, School of Information Science and Technology, Fudan University Shanghai 200433 China
| | - Yabing Shan
- State Key Laboratory of ASIC & System, School of Information Science and Technology, Fudan University Shanghai 200433 China
| | - Huishan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Changning Road 865 Shanghai 200050 China
| | - Jinkun Han
- State Key Laboratory of ASIC & System, School of Information Science and Technology, Fudan University Shanghai 200433 China
| | - Haomin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Changning Road 865 Shanghai 200050 China
| | - Chenxu Sheng
- State Key Laboratory of ASIC & System, School of Information Science and Technology, Fudan University Shanghai 200433 China
| | - Laigui Hu
- State Key Laboratory of ASIC & System, School of Information Science and Technology, Fudan University Shanghai 200433 China
| | - Ran Liu
- State Key Laboratory of ASIC & System, School of Information Science and Technology, Fudan University Shanghai 200433 China
| | - Weihuang Yang
- Engineering Research Center of Smart Microsensors and Microsystems, Ministry of Education, College of Electronics and Information, Hangzhou Dianzi University Hangzhou 310018 China
| | - Zhi-Jun Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of ASIC & System, School of Information Science and Technology, Fudan University Shanghai 200433 China
| | - Chunxiao Cong
- State Key Laboratory of ASIC & System, School of Information Science and Technology, Fudan University Shanghai 200433 China
- Yiwu Research Institute of Fudan University Chengbei Road Yiwu City 322000 Zhejiang China
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22
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Lau CS, Das S, Verzhbitskiy IA, Huang D, Zhang Y, Talha-Dean T, Fu W, Venkatakrishnarao D, Johnson Goh KE. Dielectrics for Two-Dimensional Transition-Metal Dichalcogenide Applications. ACS NANO 2023. [PMID: 37257134 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c03455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Despite over a decade of intense research efforts, the full potential of two-dimensional transition-metal dichalcogenides continues to be limited by major challenges. The lack of compatible and scalable dielectric materials and integration techniques restrict device performances and their commercial applications. Conventional dielectric integration techniques for bulk semiconductors are difficult to adapt for atomically thin two-dimensional materials. This review provides a brief introduction into various common and emerging dielectric synthesis and integration techniques and discusses their applicability for 2D transition metal dichalcogenides. Dielectric integration for various applications is reviewed in subsequent sections including nanoelectronics, optoelectronics, flexible electronics, valleytronics, biosensing, quantum information processing, and quantum sensing. For each application, we introduce basic device working principles, discuss the specific dielectric requirements, review current progress, present key challenges, and offer insights into future prospects and opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chit Siong Lau
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis #08-03, Singapore 138634, Republic of Singapore
| | - Sarthak Das
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis #08-03, Singapore 138634, Republic of Singapore
| | - Ivan A Verzhbitskiy
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis #08-03, Singapore 138634, Republic of Singapore
| | - Ding Huang
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis #08-03, Singapore 138634, Republic of Singapore
| | - Yiyu Zhang
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis #08-03, Singapore 138634, Republic of Singapore
| | - Teymour Talha-Dean
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis #08-03, Singapore 138634, Republic of Singapore
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, United Kingdom
| | - Wei Fu
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis #08-03, Singapore 138634, Republic of Singapore
| | - Dasari Venkatakrishnarao
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis #08-03, Singapore 138634, Republic of Singapore
| | - Kuan Eng Johnson Goh
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis #08-03, Singapore 138634, Republic of Singapore
- Department of Physics, National University of Singapore, 2 Science Drive 3, 117551, Singapore
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue 639798, Singapore
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23
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Yan X, Cui X, Wang B, Yan H, Cai Y, Ke Q. Surface asymmetry induced turn-overed lifetime of acoustic phonons in monolayer MoSSe. iScience 2023; 26:106731. [PMID: 37216110 PMCID: PMC10197104 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.106731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent successful growth of asymmetric transition metal dichalcogenides via accurate manipulation of different chalcogen atoms in top and bottom surfaces demonstrates exotic electronic and chemical properties in such Janus systems. Within the framework of density functional perturbation theory, anharmonic phonon properties of monolayer Janus MoSSe sheet are explored. By considering three-phonons scattering, out-of-plane flexural acoustic (ZA) mode tends to undergo a stronger phonon scattering than transverse acoustic (TA) mode and the longitudinal acoustic (LA) mode with phonon lifetime of ZA (1.0 ps) < LA (23.8 ps) < TA (25.8 ps). This is sharply different from the symmetric MoS2 where flexural ZA mode has the weakest anharmonicity and is least scattered. Moreover, utilizing non-equilibrium Green function method, ballistic thermal conductance at room temperature is found to be around 0.11 nWK-1nm-2, lower than that of MoS2. Our work highlights intriguing phononic properties of such MoSSe Janus layers associated with asymmetric surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuefei Yan
- School of Microelectronics Science and Technology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai 519082, People’s Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Information Processing Chips and Systems, Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai 519082, People’s Republic of China
- Joint Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiangyue Cui
- Joint Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bowen Wang
- Joint Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hejin Yan
- Joint Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yongqing Cai
- Joint Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qingqing Ke
- School of Microelectronics Science and Technology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai 519082, People’s Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Information Processing Chips and Systems, Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai 519082, People’s Republic of China
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24
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Dutta D, Mukherjee S, Uzhansky M, Mohapatra PK, Ismach A, Koren E. Edge-Based Two-Dimensional α-In 2Se 3-MoS 2 Ferroelectric Field Effect Device. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:18505-18515. [PMID: 37000129 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c00590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Heterostructures based on two-dimensional materials offer the possibility to achieve synergistic functionalities, which otherwise remain secluded by their individual counterparts. Herein, ferroelectric polarization switching in α-In2Se3 has been utilized to engineer multilevel nonvolatile conduction states in a partially overlapping α-In2Se3-MoS2-based ferroelectric semiconducting field effect device. In particular, we demonstrate how the intercoupled ferroelectric nature of α-In2Se3 allows to nonvolatilely switch between n-i and n-i-n type junction configurations based on a novel edge state actuation mechanism, paving the way for subnanometric scale nonvolatile device miniaturization. Furthermore, the induced asymmetric polarization enables enhanced photogenerated carriers' separation, resulting in an extremely high photoresponse of ∼1275 A/W in the visible range and strong nonvolatile modulation of the bright A- and B- excitonic emission channels in the overlaying MoS2 monolayer. Our results show significant potential to harness the switchable polarization in partially overlapping α-In2Se3-MoS2 based FeFETs to engineer multimodal, nonvolatile nanoscale electronic and optoelectronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debopriya Dutta
- Nanoscale Electronic Materials and Devices Laboratory, Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Subhrajit Mukherjee
- Nanoscale Electronic Materials and Devices Laboratory, Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Michael Uzhansky
- Nanoscale Electronic Materials and Devices Laboratory, Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Pranab K Mohapatra
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Ariel Ismach
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Elad Koren
- Nanoscale Electronic Materials and Devices Laboratory, Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
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25
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Wang ZM, Yao CB, Wang LY, Wang X, Jiang CH, Yin HT. Charge Mobility and Strain Engineering in Two-Step MS-Grown MoS 2/Seed Layer Heterointerface and Photo-Excitation Mechanism. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:17364-17376. [PMID: 36973948 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c00706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) materials have potential application and wide development prospects in photoelectron and spintronic devices. However, the properties of different growth conditions are challenging to study in the future. This, in turn, hinders further research into 2D materials and the manufacture of high-quality devices. A comprehensive understanding of the ultrafast laser spectroscopy and dynamics that take into account the substrate-transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD) interaction is lacking. Here, the strain effect is elucidated by systematically investigating the interfacial interaction between different substrates and MoS2. The strain and interface engineering of MoS2/seeds layer heterointerface and light-matter coupling are discussed in the Raman and photoluminescence spectra. The dramatic enhanced PL originates from the phase transition of MoS2 on different substrates and electron-hole pairs dissociated by exciton screening effect. Finite-difference time-domain simulation confirmed that the electric field, magnetic field, and polarization field of the heterojunction system changed after the strain was applied. In addition, based on the dependence of physical parameters of MoS2, the relative numerical changes of physical parameters of MoS2 films on different substrates as well as the photoelectric transfer, strain, and charge doping levels on the surface or interface will provide a direction for optimizing the selection of various devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze-Miao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Photonic and Electric Bandgap Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Harbin Normal University, Harbin 150025, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Cheng-Bao Yao
- Key Laboratory of Photonic and Electric Bandgap Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Harbin Normal University, Harbin 150025, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Li-Yuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Photonic and Electric Bandgap Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Harbin Normal University, Harbin 150025, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Xue Wang
- Key Laboratory of Photonic and Electric Bandgap Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Harbin Normal University, Harbin 150025, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Cai-Hong Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Photonic and Electric Bandgap Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Harbin Normal University, Harbin 150025, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Hai-Tao Yin
- Key Laboratory of Photonic and Electric Bandgap Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Harbin Normal University, Harbin 150025, Heilongjiang Province, China
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26
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Noguchi H, Nakamura Y, Tezuka S, Seki T, Yatsu K, Narimatsu T, Nakata Y, Hayamizu Y. Self-assembled GA-Repeated Peptides as a Biomolecular Scaffold for Biosensing with MoS 2 Electrochemical Transistors. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15. [PMID: 36892269 PMCID: PMC10037235 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c23227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Biosensors with two-dimensional materials have gained wide interest due to their high sensitivity. Among them, single-layer MoS2 has become a new class of biosensing platform owing to its semiconducting property. Immobilization of bioprobes directly onto the MoS2 surface with chemical bonding or random physisorption has been widely studied. However, these approaches potentially cause a reduction of conductivity and sensitivity of the biosensor. In this work, we designed peptides that spontaneously align into monomolecular-thick nanostructures on electrochemical MoS2 transistors in a non-covalent fashion and act as a biomolecular scaffold for efficient biosensing. These peptides consist of repeated domains of glycine and alanine in the sequence and form self-assembled structures with sixfold symmetry templated by the lattice of MoS2. We investigated electronic interactions of self-assembled peptides with MoS2 by designing their amino acid sequence with charged amino acids at both ends. Charged amino acids in the sequence showed a correlation with the electrical properties of single-layer MoS2, where negatively charged peptides caused a shift of threshold voltage in MoS2 transistors and neutral and positively charged peptides had no significant effect on the threshold voltage. The transconductance of transistors had no decrease due to the self-assembled peptides, indicating that aligned peptides can act as a biomolecular scaffold without degrading the intrinsic electronic properties for biosensing. We also investigated the impact of peptides on the photoluminescence (PL) of single-layer MoS2 and found that the PL intensity changed sensitively depending on the amino acid sequence of peptides. Finally, we demonstrated a femtomolar-level sensitivity of biosensing using biotinylated peptides to detect streptavidin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hironaga Noguchi
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Materials and Chemical
Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Nakamura
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Materials and Chemical
Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan
| | - Sayaka Tezuka
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Materials and Chemical
Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan
| | - Takakazu Seki
- Department
of Frontier Materials Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Hirosaki University, 3 Bunkyo-cho, Hirosaki, Aomori 036-8561, Japan
| | - Kazuki Yatsu
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Materials and Chemical
Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan
| | - Takuma Narimatsu
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Materials and Chemical
Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan
| | - Yasuaki Nakata
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Materials and Chemical
Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan
| | - Yuhei Hayamizu
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Materials and Chemical
Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan
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27
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Busch RT, Sun L, Austin D, Jiang J, Miesle P, Susner MA, Conner BS, Jawaid A, Becks ST, Mahalingam K, Velez MA, Torsi R, Robinson JA, Rao R, Glavin NR, Vaia RA, Pachter R, Joshua Kennedy W, Vernon JP, Stevenson PR. Exfoliation procedure-dependent optical properties of solution deposited MoS 2 films. NPJ 2D MATERIALS AND APPLICATIONS 2023; 7:12. [PMID: 38665486 PMCID: PMC11041683 DOI: 10.1038/s41699-023-00376-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
The development of high-precision large-area optical coatings and devices comprising low-dimensional materials hinges on scalable solution-based manufacturability with control over exfoliation procedure-dependent effects. As such, it is critical to understand the influence of technique-induced transition metal dichalcogenide (TMDC) optical properties that impact the design, performance, and integration of advanced optical coatings and devices. Here, we examine the optical properties of semiconducting MoS2 films from the exfoliation formulations of four prominent approaches: solvent-mediated exfoliation, chemical exfoliation with phase reconversion, redox exfoliation, and native redox exfoliation. The resulting MoS2 films exhibit distinct refractive indices (n), extinction coefficients (k), dielectric functions (ε1 and ε2), and absorption coefficients (α). For example, a large index contrast of Δn ≈ 2.3 is observed. These exfoliation procedures and related chemistries produce different exfoliated flake dimensions, chemical impurities, carrier doping, and lattice strain that influence the resulting optical properties. First-principles calculations further confirm the impact of lattice defects and doping characteristics on MoS2 optical properties. Overall, incomplete phase reconfiguration (from 1T to mixed crystalline 2H and amorphous phases), lattice vacancies, intraflake strain, and Mo oxidation largely contribute to the observed differences in the reported MoS2 optical properties. These findings highlight the need for controlled technique-induced effects as well as the opportunity for continued development of, and improvement to, liquid phase exfoliation methodologies. Such chemical and processing-induced effects present compelling routes to engineer exfoliated TMDC optical properties toward the development of next-generation high-performance mirrors, narrow bandpass filters, and wavelength-tailored absorbers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert T. Busch
- Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Dayton, OH 45433 USA
- UES, Inc., 4401 Dayton Xenia Road, Dayton, OH 45432 USA
| | - Lirong Sun
- Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Dayton, OH 45433 USA
- Azimuth Corporation, 2970 Presidential Drive, Suite 200, Beavercreek, OH 45324 USA
| | - Drake Austin
- Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Dayton, OH 45433 USA
- UES, Inc., 4401 Dayton Xenia Road, Dayton, OH 45432 USA
| | - Jie Jiang
- Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Dayton, OH 45433 USA
| | - Paige Miesle
- Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Dayton, OH 45433 USA
- UES, Inc., 4401 Dayton Xenia Road, Dayton, OH 45432 USA
| | - Michael A. Susner
- Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Dayton, OH 45433 USA
| | - Benjamin S. Conner
- National Research Council, 500 Fifth St. N.W., Washington, DC 20001 USA
- Sensors Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Dayton, OH 45433 USA
| | - Ali Jawaid
- Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Dayton, OH 45433 USA
- UES, Inc., 4401 Dayton Xenia Road, Dayton, OH 45432 USA
| | - Shannon T. Becks
- Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Dayton, OH 45433 USA
- UES, Inc., 4401 Dayton Xenia Road, Dayton, OH 45432 USA
| | - Krishnamurthy Mahalingam
- Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Dayton, OH 45433 USA
- UES, Inc., 4401 Dayton Xenia Road, Dayton, OH 45432 USA
| | - Michael A. Velez
- Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Dayton, OH 45433 USA
- UES, Inc., 4401 Dayton Xenia Road, Dayton, OH 45432 USA
| | - Riccardo Torsi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Materials Research Institute, Center for Atomically Thin Multifunctional Coatings, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802 USA
| | - Joshua A. Robinson
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Materials Research Institute, Center for Atomically Thin Multifunctional Coatings, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802 USA
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Physics, Center for Atomically Thin Multifunctional Coatings, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802 USA
| | - Rahul Rao
- Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Dayton, OH 45433 USA
| | - Nicholas R. Glavin
- Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Dayton, OH 45433 USA
| | - Richard A. Vaia
- Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Dayton, OH 45433 USA
| | - Ruth Pachter
- Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Dayton, OH 45433 USA
| | - W. Joshua Kennedy
- Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Dayton, OH 45433 USA
| | - Jonathan P. Vernon
- Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Dayton, OH 45433 USA
| | - Peter R. Stevenson
- Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Dayton, OH 45433 USA
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28
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Interfacial-Water-Modulated Photoluminescence of Single-Layer WS 2 on Mica. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043492. [PMID: 36834902 PMCID: PMC9963566 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Because of their bandgap tunability and strong light-matter interactions, two-dimensional (2D) semiconductors are considered promising candidates for next-generation optoelectronic devices. However, their photophysical properties are greatly affected by their surrounding environment because of their 2D nature. In this work, we report that the photoluminescence (PL) of single-layer WS2 is substantially affected by interfacial water that is inevitably present between it and the supporting mica substrates. Using PL spectroscopy and wide-field imaging, we show that the emission signals from A excitons and their negative trions decreased at distinctively different rates with increasing excitation power, which could be attributed to the more efficient annihilation between excitons than between trions. By gas-controlled PL imaging, we also prove that the interfacial water converted the trions into excitons by depleting native negative charges through an oxygen reduction reaction, which rendered the excited WS2 more susceptible to nonradiative decay via exciton-exciton annihilation. Understanding the role of nanoscopic water in complex low-dimensional materials will eventually contribute to devising their novel functions and related devices.
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29
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Lee KM, Chang CC, Wang JM, Chang CY, Huang CH. The Characteristics of the Metal-Free and Non-Conjugated Polymer Film with Self-Assembled Nanoparticles. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:nano13030596. [PMID: 36770557 PMCID: PMC9921736 DOI: 10.3390/nano13030596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
It is shown in this paper that a polymer, MA-PEG 1000-DGEBA (MP1D), exhibits antireflection, substrate-dependent photoluminescence (SDP), wide band-gap, and photoconduction characterization. MP1D was synthesized from maleic anhydride, polyethylene glycol 1000, and bisphenol-A diglycidyl ether. Self-assembled nanoparticles embedded in MP1D film and ranging from 2.5 to 31.6 nm are observed, which could be expected as scatterers to enhance light trapping and extraction. The size of the nanoparticle increases with the concentration of the MP1D solution. Besides solution concentration, the nanoparticle dimension could be modified by the chain length of polyethylene glycol in the polymer synthesis. The effects of solution concentration, annealing temperature, annealing period, and substrate on the photoluminescence (PL) of MP1D films are examined. Increasing solution concentration increases PL intensity. However, aggregation-caused quenching is explicit as the solution concentration exceeds 100 mM. PL intensity increases with annealing temperature, which could be attributed to crystallinity improvement. PL intensity increases with increasing the annealing period from 0.5 to 2 h. Nonetheless, as the annealing period exceeds 2 h, PL quenching is emerging, which could be due to aggregation. It is expected that MP1D could be a promising candidate for host materials and MP1D film could play a multifunctional role (antireflective and light-trapping functions) in optoelectronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwang-Ming Lee
- Department of Chemistry, National Kaohsiung Normal University, Kaohsiung 824004, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Cheng Chang
- Department of Electrical Engineering, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 202301, Taiwan
| | - Jia-Ming Wang
- Department of Electrical Engineering, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 202301, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Yu Chang
- Department of Chemistry, National Kaohsiung Normal University, Kaohsiung 824004, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hong Huang
- Department of Electronic Engineering, National Kaohsiung Normal University, Kaohsiung 824004, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-7-7172930 (ext. 7913)
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30
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Zhang L, Zhou F, Zhang X, Yang S, Wen B, Yan H, Yildirim T, Song X, Yang Q, Tian M, Wan N, Song H, Pei J, Qin S, Zhu J, Wageh S, Al-Hartomy OA, Al-Sehemi AG, Shen H, Liu Y, Zhang H. Discovery of Type II Interlayer Trions. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2206212. [PMID: 36373507 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202206212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In terms of interlayer trions, electronic excitations in van der Waals heterostructures (vdWHs) can be classified into Type I (i.e., two identical charges in the same layer) and Type II (i.e., two identical charges in the different layers). Type I interlayer trions are investigated theoretically and experimentally. By contrast, Type II interlayer trions remain elusive in vdWHs, due to inadequate free charges, unsuitable band alignment, reduced Coulomb interactions, poor interface quality, etc. Here, the first observation of Type II interlayer trions is reported by exploring band alignments and choosing an atomically thin organic-inorganic system-monolayer WSe2 /bilayer pentacene heterostructure (1L + 2L HS). Both positive and negative Type II interlayer trions are electrically tuned and observed via PL spectroscopy. In particular, Type II interlayer trions exhibit in-plane anisotropic emission, possibly caused by their unique spatial structure and anisotropic charge interactions, which is highly correlated with the transition dipole moment of pentacene. The results pave the way to develop excitonic devices and all-optical circuits using atomically thin organic-inorganic bilayers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linglong Zhang
- College of Physics, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Key Laboratory of Aerospace Information Materials and Physics (NUAA), MIIT, Nanjing, 211106, China
| | - Fei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Environment-friendly Energy Materials, School of Materials and Chemistry, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, China
| | - Xiaowei Zhang
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Shunshun Yang
- College of Physics, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Key Laboratory of Aerospace Information Materials and Physics (NUAA), MIIT, Nanjing, 211106, China
| | - Bo Wen
- Institute of Nanosurface Science and Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Micro/Nano Optomechatronics Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Han Yan
- Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0FS, UK
| | - Tanju Yildirim
- Center for Functional Sensor & Actuator (CFSN), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0044, Japan
| | - Xiaoying Song
- College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, 400065, China
| | - Qi Yang
- Intstitue of Microscale Optoelectronics, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Ming Tian
- SEU-FEI Nano Pico Center, Key Laboratory of MEMS of Ministry of Education, School of Electronics Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Neng Wan
- SEU-FEI Nano Pico Center, Key Laboratory of MEMS of Ministry of Education, School of Electronics Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Hucheng Song
- Center of Energy Storage Materials & Technology, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures/Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Jiajie Pei
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350108, China
| | - Shuchao Qin
- Key Laboratory of Optical Communication Science and Technology of Shandong Province, School of Physical Science and Information Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, 252059, China
| | - Jiaqi Zhu
- Intstitue of Microscale Optoelectronics, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - S Wageh
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Omar A Al-Hartomy
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah G Al-Sehemi
- Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha, 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Youwen Liu
- College of Physics, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Key Laboratory of Aerospace Information Materials and Physics (NUAA), MIIT, Nanjing, 211106, China
| | - Han Zhang
- Intstitue of Microscale Optoelectronics, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
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31
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Villafañe V, Kremser M, Hübner R, Petrić MM, Wilson NP, Stier AV, Müller K, Florian M, Steinhoff A, Finley JJ. Twist-Dependent Intra- and Interlayer Excitons in Moiré MoSe_{2} Homobilayers. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 130:026901. [PMID: 36706404 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.130.026901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Optoelectronic properties of van der Waals homostructures can be selectively engineered by the relative twist angle between layers. Here, we study the twist-dependent moiré coupling in MoSe_{2} homobilayers. For small angles, we find a pronounced redshift of the K-K and Γ-K excitons accompanied by a transition from K-K to Γ-K emission. Both effects can be traced back to the underlying moiré pattern in the MoSe_{2} homobilayers, as confirmed by our low-energy continuum model for different moiré excitons. We identify two distinct intralayer moiré excitons for R stacking, while H stacking yields two degenerate intralayer excitons due to inversion symmetry. In both cases, bright interlayer excitons are found at higher energies. The performed calculations are in excellent agreement with experiment and allow us to characterize the observed exciton resonances, providing insight about the layer composition and relevant stacking configuration of different moiré exciton species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viviana Villafañe
- Walter Schottky Institut and Physik Department, Technische Universität München, Am Coulombwall 4, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Malte Kremser
- Walter Schottky Institut and Physik Department, Technische Universität München, Am Coulombwall 4, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Ruven Hübner
- Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Bremen, P.O. Box 330 440, 28334 Bremen, Germany
| | - Marko M Petrić
- Walter Schottky Institut and Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Technische Universität München, Am Coulombwall 4, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Nathan P Wilson
- Walter Schottky Institut and Physik Department, Technische Universität München, Am Coulombwall 4, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Andreas V Stier
- Walter Schottky Institut and Physik Department, Technische Universität München, Am Coulombwall 4, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Kai Müller
- Walter Schottky Institut and Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Technische Universität München, Am Coulombwall 4, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Matthias Florian
- University of Michigan, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Alexander Steinhoff
- Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Bremen, P.O. Box 330 440, 28334 Bremen, Germany
| | - Jonathan J Finley
- Walter Schottky Institut and Physik Department, Technische Universität München, Am Coulombwall 4, 85748 Garching, Germany
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32
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Kozawa D, Li SX, Ichihara T, Rajan AG, Gong X, He G, Koman VB, Zeng Y, Kuehne M, Silmore KS, Parviz D, Liu P, Liu AT, Faucher S, Yuan Z, Warner J, Blankschtein D, Strano MS. Discretized hexagonal boron nitride quantum emitters and their chemical interconversion. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2023; 34:115702. [PMID: 36595236 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/aca984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Quantum emitters in two-dimensional hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) are of significant interest because of their unique photophysical properties, such as single-photon emission at room temperature, and promising applications in quantum computing and communications. The photoemission from hBN defects covers a wide range of emission energies but identifying and modulating the properties of specific emitters remain challenging due to uncontrolled formation of hBN defects. In this study, more than 2000 spectra are collected consisting of single, isolated zero-phonon lines (ZPLs) between 1.59 and 2.25 eV from diverse sample types. Most of ZPLs are organized into seven discretized emission energies. All emitters exhibit a range of lifetimes from 1 to 6 ns, and phonon sidebands offset by the dominant lattice phonon in hBN near 1370 cm-1. Two chemical processing schemes are developed based on water and boric acid etching that generate or preferentially interconvert specific emitters, respectively. The identification and chemical interconversion of these discretized emitters should significantly advance the understanding of solid-state chemistry and photophysics of hBN quantum emission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daichi Kozawa
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States of America
- Quantum Optoelectronics Research Team, RIKEN Center for Advanced Photonics, Saitama 3510198, Japan
| | - Sylvia Xin Li
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States of America
| | - Takeo Ichihara
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States of America
- Energy and System R&D Department, Chemistry and Chemical Process Laboratory, Corporate R&D, Asahi Kasei Corporation, Kurashiki, Okayama 7118510, Japan
| | - Ananth Govind Rajan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States of America
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560012, India
| | - Xun Gong
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States of America
| | - Guangwei He
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States of America
| | - Volodymyr B Koman
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States of America
| | - Yuwen Zeng
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States of America
| | - Matthias Kuehne
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States of America
| | - Kevin S Silmore
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States of America
| | - Dorsa Parviz
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States of America
| | - Pingwei Liu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States of America
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310027, People's Republic of China
| | - Albert Tianxiang Liu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States of America
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States of America
| | - Samuel Faucher
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States of America
| | - Zhe Yuan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States of America
| | - Jamie Warner
- Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, United States of America
- Materials Graduate Program, Texas Materials Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, United States of America
| | - Daniel Blankschtein
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States of America
| | - Michael S Strano
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States of America
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33
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Raturi M, Kaur A, Tyagi H, Bhakar M, Saini J, Kaur M, Sarkar AD, Hazra KS. Nanoscale probing of surface potential landscape at MoS 2/BP van der Waals p-n heterojunction. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2022; 34:095702. [PMID: 36541504 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/aca61a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
2D van der Waals heterostructure paves a path towards next generation semiconductor junctions for nanoelectronics devices in the post silicon era. Probing the band alignment at a real condition of such 2D contacts and experimental determination of its junction parameters is necessary to comprehend the charge diffusion and transport through such 2D nano-junctions. Here, we demonstrate the formation of the p-n junction at the MoS2/Black phosphorene (BP) interface and conduct a nanoscale investigation to experimentally measure the band alignment at real conditions by means of measuring the spatial distribution of built-in potential, built-in electric field, and depletion width using the Kelvin probe force microscopy (KPFM) technique. We show that optimization of lift scan height is critical for defining the depletion region of MoS2/BP with nanoscale precision using the KPFM technique. The variations in the built-in potential and built-in electric field with varying thicknesses of MoS2are revealed and calibrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mamta Raturi
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Sector-81, Knowledge City, SAS Nagar, Punjab 140306, India
| | - Arneet Kaur
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Sector-81, Knowledge City, SAS Nagar, Punjab 140306, India
| | - Himanshu Tyagi
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Sector-81, Knowledge City, SAS Nagar, Punjab 140306, India
| | - Monika Bhakar
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Sector-81, Knowledge City, SAS Nagar, Punjab 140306, India
| | - Jyoti Saini
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Sector-81, Knowledge City, SAS Nagar, Punjab 140306, India
| | - Manpreet Kaur
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Sector-81, Knowledge City, SAS Nagar, Punjab 140306, India
| | - Abir D Sarkar
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Sector-81, Knowledge City, SAS Nagar, Punjab 140306, India
| | - Kiran S Hazra
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Sector-81, Knowledge City, SAS Nagar, Punjab 140306, India
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34
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Li R, Yu J, Yao B, Huang X, Fu Z, Zhou Z, Yuan G, Xu J, Gao L. Controllable growth of wafer-scale monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides ternary alloys with tunable band gap. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2022; 34:075603. [PMID: 36384029 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/aca33a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The tuning of band gap is very important for the application of two-dimensional (2D) materials in optoelectronic devices. Alloying of 2D transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) is an important way to tune the wide band gap. In this study, we report a multi-step vapor deposition method to grow monolayer TMDC ternary alloy films with wafer scale, including Mo1-xWxS2, Mo1-xWxSe2and MoS2xSe2(1-x), which are accurately controllable in the elemental proportion (xis from 0 to 1). The band gap of the three 2D ternary alloy materials are continuously tuned for the whole range of metal and chalcogen compositions. The metal compositions are controlled by the as-deposited thickness. Raman, photoluminescence, elemental maps and TEM show the high spatial homogeneity in the compositions and optical properties across the whole wafer. The band gap can be continuously tuned from 1.86 to 1.99 eV for Mo1-xWxS2, 1.56 to 1.65 eV for Mo1-xWxSe2, 1.56 to 1.86 eV for MoS2xSe2(1-x). Electrical transport measurements indicate that Mo1-xWxS2and MoS2xSe2(1-x)monolayers shown-type semiconductor behaviors, and the carrier types of Mo1-xWxSe2can be tuned asn-type, bipolar andp-type. Moreover, this control process can be easily generalized to other 2D alloy films, even to quaternary or multi-element alloy materials. Our study presents a promising route for the preparation of large-scale homogeneous monolayer TMDC alloys and the application for future functional devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongsheng Li
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Nanotechnology, School of Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, People's Republic of China
| | - Junyao Yu
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Nanotechnology, School of Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, People's Republic of China
| | - Bing Yao
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Nanotechnology, School of Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianlei Huang
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Nanotechnology, School of Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, People's Republic of China
| | - Zihao Fu
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Nanotechnology, School of Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenjia Zhou
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Nanotechnology, School of Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, People's Republic of China
| | - Guowen Yuan
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Nanotechnology, School of Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Xu
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Nanotechnology, School of Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, People's Republic of China
| | - Libo Gao
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Nanotechnology, School of Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, People's Republic of China
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35
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Schedel C, Strauß F, Kohlschreiber P, Geladari O, Meixner AJ, Scheele M. Substrate effects on the speed limiting factor of WSe 2 photodetectors. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:25383-25390. [PMID: 36239305 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp03364j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
We investigate the time-resolved photoelectric response of WSe2 crystals on glass and flexible polyimide substrates to determine the effect of a changed dielectric environment on the speed of the photodetectors. We show that varying the substrate material can alter the speed-limiting mechanism: while the detectors on polyimide are RC limited, those on glass are limited by slower excitonic diffusion processes. We attribute this to a shortening of the depletion layer at the metal electrode/WSe2 interface caused by the higher dielectric screening of glass compared to polyimide. The photodetectors on glass show a tunable bandwidth, which can be increased to 2.6 MHz with increasing the electric field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Schedel
- Institute for Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Fabian Strauß
- Institute for Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
- Center for Light-Matter Interaction, Sensors and Analytics LISA+, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Pia Kohlschreiber
- Institute for Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Olympia Geladari
- Institute for Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Alfred J Meixner
- Institute for Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
- Center for Light-Matter Interaction, Sensors and Analytics LISA+, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Marcus Scheele
- Institute for Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
- Center for Light-Matter Interaction, Sensors and Analytics LISA+, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
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36
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Sharma A, Zhu Y, Halbich R, Sun X, Zhang L, Wang B, Lu Y. Engineering the Dynamics and Transport of Excitons, Trions, and Biexcitons in Monolayer WS 2. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:41165-41177. [PMID: 36048513 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c08199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The study of transport and diffusion dynamics of quasi-particles such as excitons, trions, and biexcitons in two-dimensional (2D) semiconductors has opened avenues for their application in high-speed excitonic and optoelectronic devices. However, long-range transport and fast diffusion of these quasi-particles have not been reported for 2D systems such as transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs). The reported diffusion coefficients from TMDCs are low, limiting their use in high-speed excitonic devices and other optoelectronic applications. Here, we report the highest exciton diffusion coefficient value in monolayer WS2 achieved via engineering the radiative lifetime and diffusion lengths using static back-gate voltage and substrate engineering. Electrostatic doping is observed to modulate the radiative lifetime and in turn the diffusion coefficient of excitons by ∼three times at room temperature. By combining electrostatic doping and substrate engineering, we push the diffusion coefficient to an extremely high value of 86.5 cm2/s, which has not been reported before in TMDCs and is even higher than the values in some 1D systems. At low temperatures, we further report the control of dynamic and spatial diffusion of excitons, trions, and biexcitons from WS2. The electrostatic control of dynamics and transport of these quasi-particles in monolayers establishes monolayer TMDCs as ideal candidates for high-speed excitonic circuits, optoelectronic, and photonic device applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankur Sharma
- School of Engineering, College of Engineering and Computer Science, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Yi Zhu
- School of Engineering, College of Engineering and Computer Science, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
- Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0FA, United Kingdom
| | - Robert Halbich
- School of Engineering, College of Engineering and Computer Science, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Xueqian Sun
- School of Engineering, College of Engineering and Computer Science, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Linglong Zhang
- School of Engineering, College of Engineering and Computer Science, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Bowen Wang
- School of Engineering, College of Engineering and Computer Science, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Yuerui Lu
- School of Engineering, College of Engineering and Computer Science, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Quantum Computation and Communication Technology ANU Node, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
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37
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Ji J, Choi JH. Recent progress in 2D hybrid heterostructures from transition metal dichalcogenides and organic layers: properties and applications in energy and optoelectronics fields. NANOSCALE 2022; 14:10648-10689. [PMID: 35839069 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr01358d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Atomically thin transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) present extraordinary optoelectronic, electrochemical, and mechanical properties that have not been accessible in bulk semiconducting materials. Recently, a new research field, 2D hybrid heteromaterials, has emerged upon integrating TMDs with molecular systems, including organic molecules, polymers, metal-organic frameworks, and carbonaceous materials, that can tailor the TMD properties and exploit synergetic effects. TMD-based hybrid heterostructures can meet the demands of future optoelectronics, including supporting flexible, transparent, and ultrathin devices, and energy-based applications, offering high energy and power densities with long cycle lives. To realize such applications, it is necessary to understand the interactions between the hybrid components and to develop strategies for exploiting the distinct benefits of each component. Here, we provide an overview of the current understanding of the new phenomena and mechanisms involved in TMD/organic hybrids and potential applications harnessing such valuable materials in an insightful way. We highlight recent discoveries relating to multicomponent hybrid materials. Finally, we conclude this review by discussing challenges related to hybrid heteromaterials and presenting future directions and opportunities in this research field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaehoon Ji
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA.
| | - Jong Hyun Choi
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA.
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38
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Ko B, Ahn J, Song SH. pH-Dependent Photophysical Properties of Metallic Phase MoSe 2 Quantum Dots. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15144945. [PMID: 35888412 PMCID: PMC9318461 DOI: 10.3390/ma15144945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
Fluorescence properties of quantum dots (QDs) are critically affected by their redox states, which is important for practical applications. In this study, we investigated the optical properties of MoSe2-metallic phase quantum-dots (MoSe2-mQDs) depending on the pH variation, in which the MoSe2-mQDs were dispersed in water with two sizes (Φ~3 nm and 12 nm). The larger MoSe2-mQDs exhibited a large red-shift and broadening of photoluminescence (PL) peak with a constant UV absorption spectra as varying the pH, while the smaller ones showed a small red-shift and peak broadening, but discrete absorption bands in the acidic solution. The excitation wavelength-dependent photoluminescence shows that the PL properties of smaller MoSe2-mQDs are more sensitive to the pH change compared to those of larger ones. From the time-resolved PL spectroscopy, the excitons dominantly decaying with an energy of ~3 eV in pH 2 clearly show the shift of PL peak to the lower energy (~2.6 eV) as the pH increases to 7 and 11 in the smaller MoSe2-mQDs. On the other hand, in the larger MoSe2-mQDs, the exciton decay is less sensitive to the redox states compared to those of the smaller ones. This result shows that the pH variation is more critical to the change of photophysical properties than the size effect in MoSe2-mQDs.
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Prediction of Strong Transversal s(TE) Exciton–Polaritons in C60 Thin Crystalline Films. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23136943. [PMID: 35805945 PMCID: PMC9266707 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23136943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
If an exciton and a photon can change each other’s properties, indicating that the regime of their strong bond is achieved, it usually happens in standard microcavity devices, where the large overlap between the ’confined’ cavity photons and the 2D excitons enable the hybridization and the band gap opening in the parabolic photonic branch (as clear evidence of the strong exciton–photon coupling). Here, we show that the strong light–matter coupling can occur beyond the microcavity device setup, i.e., between the ’free’ s(TE) photons and excitons. The s(TE) exciton–polariton is a polarization mode, which (contrary to the p(TM) mode) appears only as a coexistence of a photon and an exciton, i.e., it vanishes in the non-retarded limit (c→∞). We show that a thin fullerene C60 crystalline film (consisting of N C60 single layers) deposited on an Al2O3 dielectric surface supports strong evanescent s(TE)-polarized exciton–polariton. The calculated Rabi splitting is more than Ω=500 meV for N=10, with a tendency to increase with N, indicating a very strong photonic character of the exciton–polariton.
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40
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Hight-Huf N, Pagaduan JN, Katsumata R, Emrick T, Barnes MD. Stabilization of Three-Particle Excitations in Monolayer MoS 2 by Fluorinated Methacrylate Polymers. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:4794-4799. [PMID: 35613709 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c01150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
While extrinsic factors, such as substrates and chemical doping, are known to strongly influence visible photoemission from monolayer MoS2, key fundamental knowledge for p-type polymeric dopants is lacking. We investigated perturbations to the electronic environment of 2D MoS2 using fluorinated polymer coatings and specifically studied stabilization of three-particle states by monitoring changes in intensities and emission maxima of three-particle and two-particle emissions. We calculated changes in carrier density and trion binding energy, the latter having an additional contribution from MoS2 polarization by the polymer. Polarization is further suggested by Kelvin probe force microscopy (KPFM) measurements of large Fermi level shifts. Changes similar in magnitude, but opposite in sign, were observed in 2D MoS2 coated with an analogous nonfluorinated polymer. These findings highlight the important interplay between electron exchange and electrostatic interactions at the interface between polymers and transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs), which govern fundamental electronic properties relevant to next-generation devices.
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41
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Yang XC, Yu H, Yao W. Chiral Excitonics in Monolayer Semiconductors on Patterned Dielectrics. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2022; 128:217402. [PMID: 35687445 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.128.217402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides feature tightly bound bright excitons at the degenerate valleys, where electron-hole Coulomb exchange interaction strongly couples the valley pseudospin to the momentum of the exciton. Placed on a periodically structured dielectric substrate, the spatial modulation of the Coulomb interaction leads to the formation of exciton Bloch states with real-space valley pseudospin texture displayed in a mesoscopic supercell. We find this spatial valley texture in the exciton Bloch function is pattern locked to the propagation direction, enabling nano-optical excitation of directional exciton flow through the valley selection rule. The left-right directionality of the injected exciton current is controlled by the circular polarization of excitation, while the angular directionality is controlled by the excitation location, exhibiting a vortex pattern in a supercell. The phenomenon is reminiscent of the chiral light-matter interaction in nanophotonics structures, with the role of the guided electromagnetic wave now replaced by the valley-orbit coupled exciton Bloch wave in a uniform monolayer, which points to new excitonic devices with nonreciprocal functionalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu-Chen Yang
- Department of Physics, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- HKU-UCAS Joint Institute of Theoretical and Computational Physics at Hong Kong, China
| | - Hongyi Yu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Quantum Metrology and Sensing and School of Physics and Astronomy, Sun Yat-Sen University (Zhuhai Campus), Zhuhai 519082, China
| | - Wang Yao
- Department of Physics, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- HKU-UCAS Joint Institute of Theoretical and Computational Physics at Hong Kong, China
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42
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Stanev TK, Liu P, Zeng H, Lenferink EJ, Murthy AA, Speiser N, Watanabe K, Taniguchi T, Dravid VP, Stern NP. Direct Patterning of Optoelectronic Nanostructures Using Encapsulated Layered Transition Metal Dichalcogenides. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:23775-23784. [PMID: 35542986 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c03652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Direct top-down nanopatterning of semiconductors is a powerful tool for engineering properties of optoelectronic devices. Translating this approach to two-dimensional semiconductors such as monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) is challenging because of both the small scales required for confinement and the degradation of electronic and optical properties caused by high-energy and high-dose electron radiation used for high-resolution top-down direct electron beam patterning. We show that encapsulating a TMD monolayer with hexagonal boron nitride preserves the narrow exciton linewidths and emission intensity typical in such heterostructures after electron beam lithography, allowing direct patterning of functional optical monolayer nanostructures on scales of a few tens of nanometers. We leverage this fabrication method to study size-dependent effects on nanodot arrays of MoS2 and MoSe2 as well as laterally confined electrical transport devices, demonstrating the potential of top-down lithography for nanoscale TMD optoelectronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teodor K Stanev
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Pufan Liu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Hongfei Zeng
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Erik J Lenferink
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Akshay A Murthy
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Nathaniel Speiser
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Kenji Watanabe
- Research Center for Functional Materials, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba 305-0044, Japan
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba 305-0044, Japan
| | - Takashi Taniguchi
- Research Center for Functional Materials, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba 305-0044, Japan
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba 305-0044, Japan
| | - Vinayak P Dravid
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- International Institute for Nanotechnology (IIN), Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Northwestern University Atomic and Nanoscale Characterization Experimental (NUANCE) Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Nathaniel P Stern
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
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Feng J, Li Y, Li J, Feng Q, Xin W, Liu W, Xu H, Liu Y. Engineering Relaxation-Paths of C-Exciton for Constructing Band Nesting Bypass in WS 2 Monolayer. NANO LETTERS 2022; 22:3699-3706. [PMID: 35481760 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c00509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Transition-metal dichalcogenides exhibit strong photon absorption characteristics in the band nesting region (denoted as C-exciton) due to intrinsic van Hove singularities despite being atomically thin. However, because of unique parallel band structure and ineluctably unfavorable recombination process, only a small fraction of the hot carriers from C-excitons are converted into optically active band-edge excitons via inherent relaxation-paths. The resultant photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) is severely suppressed for the resonant excitation of C-exciton. To overcome this limitation, we have designed double type-I band alignments to construct a band nesting bypass in a monolayer WS2/CdS quantum dot heterostructure for cooling the C-excitons. Transient optical measurements confirmed that the hot carriers from the C-excitons were effectively transferred from WS2 to CdS with an efficiency of 50% and subsequently back to the WS2 band-edge to form A-excitons over an ultrafast subpicosecond time scale, accompanied by a record high PLQY of ∼11.1% for near-resonance C-exciton excitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiying Feng
- Key Laboratory of UV-Emitting Materials and Technology of Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Yuanzheng Li
- Key Laboratory of UV-Emitting Materials and Technology of Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Jixiu Li
- Key Laboratory of UV-Emitting Materials and Technology of Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Qiushi Feng
- Key Laboratory of UV-Emitting Materials and Technology of Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Wei Xin
- Key Laboratory of UV-Emitting Materials and Technology of Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Weizhen Liu
- Key Laboratory of UV-Emitting Materials and Technology of Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Haiyang Xu
- Key Laboratory of UV-Emitting Materials and Technology of Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Yichun Liu
- Key Laboratory of UV-Emitting Materials and Technology of Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
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44
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Bieniek M, Sadecka K, Szulakowska L, Hawrylak P. Theory of Excitons in Atomically Thin Semiconductors: Tight-Binding Approach. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:1582. [PMID: 35564291 PMCID: PMC9104105 DOI: 10.3390/nano12091582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Revised: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Atomically thin semiconductors from the transition metal dichalcogenide family are materials in which the optical response is dominated by strongly bound excitonic complexes. Here, we present a theory of excitons in two-dimensional semiconductors using a tight-binding model of the electronic structure. In the first part, we review extensive literature on 2D van der Waals materials, with particular focus on their optical response from both experimental and theoretical points of view. In the second part, we discuss our ab initio calculations of the electronic structure of MoS2, representative of a wide class of materials, and review our minimal tight-binding model, which reproduces low-energy physics around the Fermi level and, at the same time, allows for the understanding of their electronic structure. Next, we describe how electron-hole pair excitations from the mean-field-level ground state are constructed. The electron-electron interactions mix the electron-hole pair excitations, resulting in excitonic wave functions and energies obtained by solving the Bethe-Salpeter equation. This is enabled by the efficient computation of the Coulomb matrix elements optimized for two-dimensional crystals. Next, we discuss non-local screening in various geometries usually used in experiments. We conclude with a discussion of the fine structure and excited excitonic spectra. In particular, we discuss the effect of band nesting on the exciton fine structure; Coulomb interactions; and the topology of the wave functions, screening and dielectric environment. Finally, we follow by adding another layer and discuss excitons in heterostructures built from two-dimensional semiconductors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maciej Bieniek
- Department of Physics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada; (K.S.); (L.S.); (P.H.)
- Department of Theoretical Physics, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27, 50-370 Wrocław, Poland
- Institut für Theoretische Physik und Astrophysik, Universität Würzburg, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Katarzyna Sadecka
- Department of Physics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada; (K.S.); (L.S.); (P.H.)
- Department of Theoretical Physics, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27, 50-370 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Ludmiła Szulakowska
- Department of Physics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada; (K.S.); (L.S.); (P.H.)
| | - Paweł Hawrylak
- Department of Physics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada; (K.S.); (L.S.); (P.H.)
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45
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Yan F, Liao CK, Mahmoud MA, Bach SB. Electron Doping of Semiconducting MoS 2 Nanosheets by Silver or Gold Nanoclusters. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2022; 38:4378-4388. [PMID: 35353515 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c00120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Semiconducting two-dimensional (2D) materials have potential applications as ultrathin optoelectronic materials. Therefore, being able to precisely modulate the band gap is useful to improving their applicability. Electron doping of the semiconducting materials is one of the successful techniques used to modulate their band gap. Silver nanoclusters (AgNCs) or gold nanoclusters (AuNCs) a few nanometers in size can generate a high density of highly energetic hot electrons with relatively long lifetimes when photoexcited. The optical band gap of 2D MoS2 nanosheets shows different responses when integrated with different amounts of AgNCs or AuNCs due to the electron doping effect. Introducing a small amount of the nanoclusters to the surface of a MoS2 nanosheet lowered its optical band gap. Further reduction of the optical band gap of MoS2 is obtained upon tripling the amount of integrated nanoclusters. Conversely, the optical band gap of MoS2 was increased when integrated with 5 times the concentration of AuNCs and AgNCs. The optical band gap of the MoS2 nanosheets was significantly increased when integrated with an even higher concentration of AuNCs or AgNCs. The magnitude of the shift of the optical band gap of MoS2 induced by AgNCs is higher than that induced by AuNCs because the energy of LUMO of the AgNCs is higher than that of the AuNCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangzhi Yan
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at San Antonio, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, Texas 78249, United States
| | - Chih-Kai Liao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering & Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at San Antonio, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, Texas 78249, United States
| | - Mahmoud A Mahmoud
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at San Antonio, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, Texas 78249, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering & Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at San Antonio, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, Texas 78249, United States
| | - Stephan B Bach
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at San Antonio, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, Texas 78249, United States
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46
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Wu Y, He J, Chen Y, Kong M, Zhang Y, Hu X, Lian J, Zhang H, Zhang R. Excellent response to near ultraviolet light and large intervalley scatterings of electrons in 2D SnS 2. NANOSCALE 2022; 14:5462-5471. [PMID: 35322849 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr00416j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Tin disulfide (SnS2) has attracted much attention as a novel two dimensional material due to its potential applications in electronics and optoelectronics. In this work, we investigated the optical properties of ultra-thin SnS2 film samples (∼8 nm) via spectroscopic ellipsometry, and found that SnS2 maintains a relatively high imaginary part of the dielectric constant (ε2) in the range of 256-377 nm indicating high optical response. The carrier transport properties of SnS2 were investigated considering full mode-resolved electron-phonon couplings, which reveal that the intervalley scatterings between degenerate valley (peaks) states via the fifth optical branch phonons play a dominant role in electron scattering, while ZA phonons dominate the hole scattering. The calculated electron mobility is ∼50 cm2 V-1 s-1 which is close to previously reported experimental results. By considering full el-ph interactions based on the rigid-band approximation, the maximum value of the thermoelectric figure of merit zT reaches 0.43 at 700 K. Our work not only reveals the promising applications of SnS2 in the fields of electronics and optoelectronics, but also showcases the computational framework for precise calculations of thermoelectric performances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wu
- Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures (MOE) and Department of Optical Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.
| | - Junbo He
- Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures (MOE) and Department of Optical Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.
| | - Ying Chen
- Department of Light Sources and Illuminating Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Mingran Kong
- Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures (MOE) and Department of Optical Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.
| | - Yiming Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures (MOE) and Department of Optical Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.
| | - Xiaobing Hu
- Stare Key Laboratory of ASIC and System, School of Microelectronics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Jianwei Lian
- Stare Key Laboratory of ASIC and System, School of Microelectronics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures (MOE) and Department of Optical Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.
- Yiwu Research Institute of Fudan University, Chengbei Road, Yiwu City, Zhejiang 322000, China
- Nanjing University, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructure, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Rongjun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures (MOE) and Department of Optical Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.
- Academy for Engineering & Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
- Yiwu Research Institute of Fudan University, Chengbei Road, Yiwu City, Zhejiang 322000, China
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47
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Fang J, Yao K, Zhang T, Wang M, Jiang T, Huang S, Korgel BA, Terrones M, Alù A, Zheng Y. Room-Temperature Observation of Near-Intrinsic Exciton Linewidth in Monolayer WS 2. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2108721. [PMID: 35170105 PMCID: PMC9012685 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202108721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The homogeneous exciton linewidth, which captures the coherent quantum dynamics of an excitonic state, is a vital parameter in exploring light-matter interactions in 2D transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs). An efficient control of the exciton linewidth is of great significance, and in particular of its intrinsic linewidth, which determines the minimum timescale for the coherent manipulation of excitons. However, such a control is rarely achieved in TMDs at room temperature (RT). While the intrinsic A exciton linewidth is down to 7 meV in monolayer WS2 , the reported RT linewidth is typically a few tens of meV due to inevitable homogeneous and inhomogeneous broadening effects. Here, it is shown that a 7.18 meV near-intrinsic linewidth can be observed at RT when monolayer WS2 is coupled with a moderate-refractive-index hydrogenated silicon nanosphere in water. By boosting the dynamic competition between exciton and trion decay channels in WS2 through the nanosphere-supported Mie resonances, the coherent linewidth can be tuned from 35 down to 7.18 meV. Such modulation of exciton linewidth and its associated mechanism are robust even in presence of defects, easing the sample quality requirement and providing new opportunities for TMD-based nanophotonics and optoelectronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Fang
- Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering and Texas Materials Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Kan Yao
- Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering and Texas Materials Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Tianyi Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Department of Physics, Department of Chemistry and Center for 2-Dimensional and Layered Materials, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Mingsong Wang
- Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering and Texas Materials Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
- Photonics Initiative, Advanced Science Research Center, City University of New York, New York, NY, 10031, USA
- Physics Program, Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Taizhi Jiang
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Suichu Huang
- Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering and Texas Materials Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
- School of Mechatronics Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Brian A Korgel
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Mauricio Terrones
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Department of Physics, Department of Chemistry and Center for 2-Dimensional and Layered Materials, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Andrea Alù
- Photonics Initiative, Advanced Science Research Center, City University of New York, New York, NY, 10031, USA
- Physics Program, Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Yuebing Zheng
- Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering and Texas Materials Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
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48
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Scharl T, Binder G, Chen X, Yokosawa T, Cadranel A, Knirsch KC, Spiecker E, Hirsch A, Guldi DM. Noncovalent Liquid Phase Functionalization of 2H-WS 2 with PDI: An Energy Conversion Platform with Long-Lived Charge Separation. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:5834-5840. [PMID: 35341248 PMCID: PMC9069688 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c11977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Transition metal
dichalcogenides are attractive 2D materials in
the context of solar energy conversion. Previous investigations have
focused predominantly on the properties of these systems. The realization
of noncovalent hybrids with, for example, complementary electroactive
materials remains underexplored to this date for exfoliated WS2. In this contribution, we explore WS2 by means
of exfoliation and integration together with visible light-absorbing
and electron-accepting perylene diimides into versatile electron-donor
acceptor hybrids. Important is the distinct electron-donating feature
of WS2. Detailed spectroscopic investigations of WS2–PDI confirm
the electron donor/acceptor nature of the hybrid and indicate that
green light photoexcitation leads to the formation of long-lived WS2•+–PDI•– charge-separated
states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Scharl
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstraße 3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Gerhard Binder
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Straße 10, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Xin Chen
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Straße 10, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Tadahiro Yokosawa
- Institute of Micro- and Nanostructure Research, and Center for Nanoanalysis and Electron Microscopy (CENEM), IZNF, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, Cauerstraße 3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Alejandro Cadranel
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstraße 3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany.,Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Analítica y Química Física, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Pabellón 2, Ciudad Universitaria, C1428EHA Buenos Aires, Argentina.,CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Química Física de Materiales, Medio Ambiente y Energía (INQUIMAE), Pabellón 2, Ciudad Universitaria, C1428EHA Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Kathrin C Knirsch
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Straße 10, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Erdmann Spiecker
- Institute of Micro- and Nanostructure Research, and Center for Nanoanalysis and Electron Microscopy (CENEM), IZNF, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, Cauerstraße 3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Andreas Hirsch
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Straße 10, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Dirk M Guldi
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstraße 3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
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49
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Karmakar A, Al-Mahboob A, Petoukhoff CE, Kravchyna O, Chan NS, Taniguchi T, Watanabe K, Dani KM. Dominating Interlayer Resonant Energy Transfer in Type-II 2D Heterostructure. ACS NANO 2022; 16:3861-3869. [PMID: 35262327 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c08798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Type-II heterostructures (HSs) are essential components of modern electronic and optoelectronic devices. Earlier studies have found that in type-II transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD) HSs, the dominating carrier relaxation pathway is the interlayer charge transfer (CT) mechanism. Here, this report shows that, in a type-II HS formed between monolayers of MoSe2 and ReS2, nonradiative energy transfer (ET) from higher to lower work function material (ReS2 to MoSe2) dominates over the traditional CT process with and without a charge-blocking interlayer. Without a charge-blocking interlayer, the HS area shows 3.6 times MoSe2 photoluminescence (PL) enhancement as compared to the MoSe2 area alone. In a completely encapsulated sample, the HS PL emission further increases by a factor of 6.4. After completely blocking the CT process, more than 1 order of magnitude higher MoSe2 PL emission was achieved from the HS area. This work reveals that the nature of this ET is truly a resonant effect by showing that in a similar type-II HS formed by ReS2 and WSe2, CT dominates over ET, resulting in a severely quenched WSe2 PL. This study not only provides significant insight into the competing interlayer processes but also shows an innovative way to increase the PL emission intensity of the desired TMD material using the ET process by carefully choosing the right material combination for HS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arka Karmakar
- Femtosecond Spectroscopy Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, 1919-1 Tancha, Onna, Kunigami District, Okinawa 904-0495, Japan
| | - Abdullah Al-Mahboob
- Femtosecond Spectroscopy Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, 1919-1 Tancha, Onna, Kunigami District, Okinawa 904-0495, Japan
| | - Christopher E Petoukhoff
- Femtosecond Spectroscopy Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, 1919-1 Tancha, Onna, Kunigami District, Okinawa 904-0495, Japan
| | - Oksana Kravchyna
- Femtosecond Spectroscopy Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, 1919-1 Tancha, Onna, Kunigami District, Okinawa 904-0495, Japan
| | - Nicholas S Chan
- Femtosecond Spectroscopy Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, 1919-1 Tancha, Onna, Kunigami District, Okinawa 904-0495, Japan
| | - Takashi Taniguchi
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan
| | - Kenji Watanabe
- Research Center for Functional Materials, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan
| | - Keshav M Dani
- Femtosecond Spectroscopy Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, 1919-1 Tancha, Onna, Kunigami District, Okinawa 904-0495, Japan
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50
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Huang L, Krasnok A, Alú A, Yu Y, Neshev D, Miroshnichenko AE. Enhanced light-matter interaction in two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides. REPORTS ON PROGRESS IN PHYSICS. PHYSICAL SOCIETY (GREAT BRITAIN) 2022; 85:046401. [PMID: 34939940 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6633/ac45f9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) transition metal dichalcogenide (TMDC) materials, such as MoS2, WS2, MoSe2, and WSe2, have received extensive attention in the past decade due to their extraordinary electronic, optical and thermal properties. They evolve from indirect bandgap semiconductors to direct bandgap semiconductors while their layer number is reduced from a few layers to a monolayer limit. Consequently, there is strong photoluminescence in a monolayer (1L) TMDC due to the large quantum yield. Moreover, such monolayer semiconductors have two other exciting properties: large binding energy of excitons and valley polarization. These properties make them become ideal materials for various electronic, photonic and optoelectronic devices. However, their performance is limited by the relatively weak light-matter interactions due to their atomically thin form factor. Resonant nanophotonic structures provide a viable way to address this issue and enhance light-matter interactions in 2D TMDCs. Here, we provide an overview of this research area, showcasing relevant applications, including exotic light emission, absorption and scattering features. We start by overviewing the concept of excitons in 1L-TMDC and the fundamental theory of cavity-enhanced emission, followed by a discussion on the recent progress of enhanced light emission, strong coupling and valleytronics. The atomically thin nature of 1L-TMDC enables a broad range of ways to tune its electric and optical properties. Thus, we continue by reviewing advances in TMDC-based tunable photonic devices. Next, we survey the recent progress in enhanced light absorption over narrow and broad bandwidths using 1L or few-layer TMDCs, and their applications for photovoltaics and photodetectors. We also review recent efforts of engineering light scattering, e.g., inducing Fano resonances, wavefront engineering in 1L or few-layer TMDCs by either integrating resonant structures, such as plasmonic/Mie resonant metasurfaces, or directly patterning monolayer/few layers TMDCs. We then overview the intriguing physical properties of different van der Waals heterostructures, and their applications in optoelectronic and photonic devices. Finally, we draw our opinion on potential opportunities and challenges in this rapidly developing field of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lujun Huang
- School of Engineering and Information Technology, University of New South Wales, Canberra, ACT, 2600, Australia
| | - Alex Krasnok
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33174, United States of America
| | - Andrea Alú
- Photonics Initiative, Advanced Science Research Center, City University of New York, New York, NY 10031, United States of America
- Physics Program, Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, NY 10016, United States of America
| | - Yiling Yu
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, United States of America
| | - Dragomir Neshev
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Transformative Meta-Optical Systems (TMOS), Department of Electronic Materials Engineering, Research School of Physics, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Andrey E Miroshnichenko
- School of Engineering and Information Technology, University of New South Wales, Canberra, ACT, 2600, Australia
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