1
|
Wandall HH, Nielsen MAI, King-Smith S, de Haan N, Bagdonaite I. Global functions of O-glycosylation: promises and challenges in O-glycobiology. FEBS J 2021; 288:7183-7212. [PMID: 34346177 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Mucin type O-glycosylation is one of the most diverse types of glycosylation, playing essential roles in tissue development and homeostasis. In complex organisms, O-GalNAc glycans comprise a substantial proportion of the glycocalyx, with defined functions in hemostatic, gastrointestinal, and respiratory systems. Furthermore, O-GalNAc glycans are important players in host-microbe interactions, and changes in O-glycan composition are associated with certain diseases and metabolic conditions, which in some instances can be used for diagnosis or therapeutic intervention. Breakthroughs in O-glycobiology have gone hand in hand with the development of new technologies, such as advancements in mass spectrometry, as well as facilitation of genetic engineering in mammalian cell lines. High-throughput O-glycoproteomics have enabled us to draw a comprehensive map of O-glycosylation, and mining this information has supported the definition and confirmation of functions related to site-specific O-glycans. This includes protection from proteolytic cleavage, as well as modulation of binding affinity or receptor function. Yet, there is still much to discover, and among the important next challenges will be to define the context-dependent functions of O-glycans in different stages of cellular differentiation, cellular metabolism, host-microbiome interactions, and in disease. In this review, we present the achievements and the promises in O-GalNAc glycobiology driven by technological advances in analytical methods, genetic engineering, and systems biology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hans H Wandall
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mathias A I Nielsen
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Sarah King-Smith
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Noortje de Haan
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ieva Bagdonaite
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Kim HK, Vasileva EA, Mishchenko NP, Fedoreyev SA, Han J. Multifaceted Clinical Effects of Echinochrome. Mar Drugs 2021; 19:412. [PMID: 34436251 PMCID: PMC8400489 DOI: 10.3390/md19080412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The marine drug histochrome is a special natural antioxidant. The active substance of the drug is echinochrome A (Ech A, 7-ethyl-2,3,5,6,8-pentahydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone), the most abundant quinonoid pigment in sea urchins. The medicine is clinically used in cardiology and ophthalmology based on the unique properties of Ech A, which simultaneously block various links of free radical reactions. In the last decade, numerous studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of histochrome in various disease models without adverse effects. Here, we review the data on the various clinical effects and modes of action of Ech A in ophthalmic, cardiovascular, cerebrovascular, inflammatory, metabolic, and malignant diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyoung Kyu Kim
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, Smart Marine Therapeutic Center, Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Inje University, Busan 57392, Korea;
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Graduate School of Inje University, Busan 57392, Korea
| | - Elena A. Vasileva
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far-Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, Prospect 100 let Vladivostoku, 159, 690022 Vladivostok, Russia; (E.A.V.); (N.P.M.); (S.A.F.)
| | - Natalia P. Mishchenko
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far-Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, Prospect 100 let Vladivostoku, 159, 690022 Vladivostok, Russia; (E.A.V.); (N.P.M.); (S.A.F.)
| | - Sergey A. Fedoreyev
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far-Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, Prospect 100 let Vladivostoku, 159, 690022 Vladivostok, Russia; (E.A.V.); (N.P.M.); (S.A.F.)
| | - Jin Han
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, Smart Marine Therapeutic Center, Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Inje University, Busan 57392, Korea;
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Graduate School of Inje University, Busan 57392, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Mucin-Type O-GalNAc Glycosylation in Health and Disease. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1325:25-60. [PMID: 34495529 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-70115-4_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Mucin-type GalNAc O-glycosylation is one of the most abundant and unique post-translational modifications. The combination of proteome-wide mapping of GalNAc O-glycosylation sites and genetic studies with knockout animals and genome-wide analyses in humans have been instrumental in our understanding of GalNAc O-glycosylation. Combined, such studies have revealed well-defined functions of O-glycans at single sites in proteins, including the regulation of pro-protein processing and proteolytic cleavage, as well as modulation of receptor functions and ligand binding. In addition to isolated O-glycans, multiple clustered O-glycans have an important function in mammalian biology by providing structural support and stability of mucins essential for protecting our inner epithelial surfaces, especially in the airways and gastrointestinal tract. Here the many O-glycans also provide binding sites for both endogenous and pathogen-derived carbohydrate-binding proteins regulating critical developmental programs and helping maintain epithelial homeostasis with commensal organisms. Finally, O-glycan changes have been identified in several diseases, most notably in cancer and inflammation, where the disease-specific changes can be used for glycan-targeted therapies. This chapter will review the biosynthesis, the biology, and the translational perspectives of GalNAc O-glycans.
Collapse
|
4
|
Rullo AF, Fitzgerald KJ, Muthusamy V, Liu M, Yuan C, Huang M, Kim M, Cho AE, Spiegel DA. Re-engineering the Immune Response to Metastatic Cancer: Antibody-Recruiting Small Molecules Targeting the Urokinase Receptor. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:3642-6. [PMID: 26879524 PMCID: PMC5597302 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201510866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2015] [Revised: 12/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Developing selective strategies to treat metastatic cancers remains a significant challenge. Herein, we report the first antibody-recruiting small molecule (ARM) that is capable of recognizing the urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR), a uniquely overexpressed cancer cell-surface marker, and facilitating the immune-mediated destruction of cancer cells. A co-crystal structure of the ARM-U2/uPAR complex was obtained, representing the first crystal structure of uPAR complexed with a non-peptide ligand. Finally, we demonstrated that ARM-U2 substantially suppresses tumor growth in vivo with no evidence of weight loss, unlike the standard-of-care agent doxorubicin. This work underscores the promise of antibody-recruiting molecules as immunotherapeutics for treating cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anthony F Rullo
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, 225 Prospect Street, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
| | - Kelly J Fitzgerald
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Viswanathan Muthusamy
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, 225 Prospect Street, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
| | - Min Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 155 Yang Qiao West Road, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
| | - Cai Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 155 Yang Qiao West Road, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
| | - Mingdong Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 155 Yang Qiao West Road, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
| | - Minsup Kim
- Department of Bioinformatics, Korea University, 2511 Sejong-ro, Sejong, 339-700, Korea
| | - Art E Cho
- Department of Bioinformatics, Korea University, 2511 Sejong-ro, Sejong, 339-700, Korea
| | - David A Spiegel
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, 225 Prospect Street, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA.
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Rullo AF, Fitzgerald KJ, Muthusamy V, Liu M, Yuan C, Huang M, Kim M, Cho AE, Spiegel DA. Re-engineering the Immune Response to Metastatic Cancer: Antibody-Recruiting Small Molecules Targeting the Urokinase Receptor. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201510866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anthony F. Rullo
- Department of Chemistry; Yale University; 225 Prospect Street New Haven CT 06511 USA
| | - Kelly J. Fitzgerald
- Department of Pharmacology; Yale School of Medicine; 333 Cedar Street New Haven CT 06520 USA
| | - Viswanathan Muthusamy
- Department of Chemistry; Yale University; 225 Prospect Street New Haven CT 06511 USA
| | - Min Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry; Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter; Chinese Academy of Sciences; 155 Yang Qiao West Road Fuzhou Fujian 350002 China
| | - Cai Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry; Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter; Chinese Academy of Sciences; 155 Yang Qiao West Road Fuzhou Fujian 350002 China
| | - Mingdong Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry; Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter; Chinese Academy of Sciences; 155 Yang Qiao West Road Fuzhou Fujian 350002 China
| | - Minsup Kim
- Department of Bioinformatics; Korea University; 2511 Sejong-ro Sejong 339-700 Korea
| | - Art E. Cho
- Department of Bioinformatics; Korea University; 2511 Sejong-ro Sejong 339-700 Korea
| | - David A. Spiegel
- Department of Chemistry; Yale University; 225 Prospect Street New Haven CT 06511 USA
- Department of Pharmacology; Yale School of Medicine; 333 Cedar Street New Haven CT 06520 USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Song C, Sun S, Huo CX, Li Q, Zheng XJ, Tai G, Zhou Y, Ye XS. Synthesis and immunological evaluation of N-acyl modified Tn analogues as anticancer vaccine candidates. Bioorg Med Chem 2016; 24:915-20. [PMID: 26787275 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2016.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2015] [Accepted: 01/08/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Tumor-associated carbohydrate antigens (TACAs), which are aberrantly expressed on the surface of tumor cells, are important targets for anticancer vaccine development. Herein, several N-acyl modified Tn analogues were synthesized and conjugated with carrier protein CRM197. The immunological results of these glycoconjugates indicated that 6-CRM197 elicited higher titers of antibodies which cross-reacted with native Tn antigen than the unmodified 2-CRM197 did. The IFN-γ-producing frequency of lymphocytes in mice treated with 6-CRM197 was obviously increased, compared to that of mice vaccinated with 2-CRM197 (p=0.016), which was typically associated with the Th1 response. Moreover, the elicited antisera against antigen 6-CRM197 reacted strongly with the Tn-positive tumor cells, implying the potential of this glycoconjugate as an anticancer vaccine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chengcheng Song
- School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Xue Yuan Road No. 38, Beijing 100191, PR China
| | - Shuang Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Xue Yuan Road No. 38, Beijing 100191, PR China
| | - Chang-Xin Huo
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Xue Yuan Road No. 38, Beijing 100191, PR China
| | - Qin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Xue Yuan Road No. 38, Beijing 100191, PR China
| | - Xiu-Jing Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Xue Yuan Road No. 38, Beijing 100191, PR China
| | - Guihua Tai
- School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, PR China
| | - Yifa Zhou
- School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, PR China.
| | - Xin-Shan Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Xue Yuan Road No. 38, Beijing 100191, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Richichi B, Thomas B, Fiore M, Bosco R, Qureshi H, Nativi C, Renaudet O, BenMohamed L. A Cancer Therapeutic Vaccine based on Clustered Tn-Antigen Mimetics Induces Strong Antibody-Mediated Protective Immunity. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201406897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
|
8
|
Richichi B, Thomas B, Fiore M, Bosco R, Qureshi H, Nativi C, Renaudet O, BenMohamed L. A cancer therapeutic vaccine based on clustered Tn-antigen mimetics induces strong antibody-mediated protective immunity. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 53:11917-20. [PMID: 25168881 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201406897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Tumor-associated carbohydrate antigens (TACAs) are key components of cancer vaccines. A variety of vaccines based on native TACAs such as α-Tn have shown immunogenicity and protection in preclinical animal studies, however, their weak immunogenicity, low in vivo instability, and poor bioavailability, have discouraged their further evaluations in clinical studies. A new improved vaccine prototype is reported. It is composed of four clustered Tn-antigen mimetics and a immunogenic peptide epitope that are conjugated to a cyclopeptide carrier. The immunization of mice with this vaccine 1) was safe, 2) induced a strong and long-lasting Tn-specific response with IgM/IgG antibodies able to recognize native carbohydrate antigens; 3) produced high titers of IgG1, IgG2a, and IgG3 antibodies; and 4) produced a significant antibody-dependent regression of tumors and conferred protection. Altogether, these findings pave the way for the clinical development of safe and effective therapeutic vaccines against Tn-expressing cancers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Richichi
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence via della Lastruccia, 13, 50019 Sesto F.no (FI) (Italy)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Abdel-Aal ABM, Lakshminarayanan V, Thompson P, Supekar N, Bradley JM, Wolfert MA, Cohen PA, Gendler SJ, Boons GJ. Immune and anticancer responses elicited by fully synthetic aberrantly glycosylated MUC1 tripartite vaccines modified by a TLR2 or TLR9 agonist. Chembiochem 2014; 15:1508-13. [PMID: 24890740 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201402077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 245] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The mucin MUC1 is overexpressed and aberrantly glycosylated by many epithelial cancer cells manifested by truncated O-linked saccharides. Although tumor-associated MUC1 has generated considerable attention because of its potential for the development of a therapeutic cancer vaccine, it has been difficult to design constructs that consistently induce cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) and ADCC-mediating antibodies specific for the tumor form of MUC1. We have designed, chemically synthesized, and immunologically examined vaccine candidates each composed of a glycopeptide derived from MUC1, a promiscuous Thelper peptide, and a TLR2 (Pam3 CysSK4 ) or TLR9 (CpG-ODN 1826) agonist. It was found that the Pam3 CysSK4 -containing compound elicits more potent antigenic and cellular immune responses, resulting in a therapeutic effect in a mouse model of mammary cancer. It is thus shown, for the first time, that the nature of an inbuilt adjuvant of a tripartite vaccine can significantly impact the quality of immune responses elicited against a tumor-associated glycopeptide. The unique adjuvant properties of Pam3 CysSK4 , which can reduce the suppressive function of regulatory T cells and enhance the cytotoxicity of tumor-specific CTLs, are likely responsible for the superior properties of the vaccine candidate 1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abu-Baker M Abdel-Aal
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, 315 Riverbend Road, Athens, GA 30602 (USA)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Luo K, Zhang H, Zavala F, Biragyn A, Espinosa DA, Markham RB. Fusion of antigen to a dendritic cell targeting chemokine combined with adjuvant yields a malaria DNA vaccine with enhanced protective capabilities. PLoS One 2014; 9:e90413. [PMID: 24599116 PMCID: PMC3943962 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0090413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2013] [Accepted: 01/30/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Although sterilizing immunity to malaria can be elicited by irradiated sporozoite vaccination, no clinically practical subunit vaccine has been shown to be capable of preventing the approximately 600,000 annual deaths attributed to this infection. DNA vaccines offer several potential advantages for a disease that primarily affects the developing world, but new approaches are needed to improve the immunogenicity of these vaccines. By using a novel, lipid-based adjuvant, Vaxfectin, to attract immune cells to the immunization site, in combination with an antigen-chemokine DNA construct designed to target antigen to immature dendritic cells, we elicited a humoral immune response that provided sterilizing immunity to malaria challenge in a mouse model system. The chemokine, MIP3αCCL20, did not significantly enhance the cellular infiltrate or levels of cytokine or chemokine expression at the immunization site but acted with Vaxfectin to reduce liver stage malaria infection by orders of magnitude compared to vaccine constructs lacking the chemokine component. The levels of protection achieved were equivalent to those observed with irradiated sporozoites, a candidate vaccine undergoing development for further large scale clinical trial. Only vaccination with the combined regimen of adjuvant and chemokine provided 80–100% protection against the development of bloodstream infection. Treating the immunization process as requiring the independent steps of 1) attracting antigen-presenting cells to the site of immunization and 2) specifically directing vaccine antigen to the immature dendritic cells that initiate the adaptive immune response may provide a rational strategy for the development of a clinically applicable malaria DNA vaccine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kun Luo
- The Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Hong Zhang
- The Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Fidel Zavala
- The Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Arya Biragyn
- Immunoregulation Section, Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Immunology, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Diego A. Espinosa
- The Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Richard B. Markham
- The Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Wilkinson BL, Day S, Chapman R, Perrier S, Apostolopoulos V, Payne RJ. Synthesis and Immunological Evaluation of Self-Assembling and Self-Adjuvanting Tricomponent Glycopeptide Cancer-Vaccine Candidates. Chemistry 2012; 18:16540-8. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201202629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2012] [Revised: 09/04/2012] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
|
12
|
Brinãs RP, Sundgren A, Sahoo P, Morey S, Rittenhouse-Olson K, Wilding GE, Deng W, Barchi JJ. Design and synthesis of multifunctional gold nanoparticles bearing tumor-associated glycopeptide antigens as potential cancer vaccines. Bioconjug Chem 2012; 23:1513-23. [PMID: 22812418 DOI: 10.1021/bc200606s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The development of vaccines against specific types of cancers will offer new modalities for therapeutic intervention. Here, we describe the synthesis of a novel vaccine construction prepared from spherical gold nanoparticles of 3-5 nm core diameters. The particles were coated with both the tumor-associated glycopeptides antigens containing the cell-surface mucin MUC4 with Thomsen Friedenreich (TF) antigen attached at different sites and a 28-residue peptide from the complement derived protein C3d to act as a B-cell activating "molecular adjuvant". The synthesis entailed solid-phase glycopeptide synthesis, design of appropriate linkers, and attachment chemistry of the various molecules to the particles. Attachment to the gold surface was mediated by a novel thiol-containing 33 atom linker which was further modified to be included as a third "spacer" component in the synthesis of several three-component vaccine platforms. Groups of mice were vaccinated either with one of the nanoplatform constructs or with control particles without antigen coating. Evaluation of sera from the immunized animals in enzyme immunoassays (EIA) against each glycopeptide antigen showed a small but statistically significant immune response with production of both IgM and IgG isotypes. Vaccines with one carbohydrate antigen (B, C, and E) gave more robust responses than the one with two contiguous disaccharides (D), and vaccine E with a TF antigen attached to threonine at the 10th position of the peptide was selected for IgG over IgM suggesting isotype switching. The data suggested that this platform may be a viable delivery system for tumor-associated glycopeptide antigens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raymond P Brinãs
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Abdel-Aal ABM, El-Naggar D, Zaman M, Batzloff M, Toth I. Design of fully synthetic, self-adjuvanting vaccine incorporating the tumor-associated carbohydrate Tn antigen and lipoamino acid-based Toll-like receptor 2 ligand. J Med Chem 2012; 55:6968-74. [PMID: 22800462 DOI: 10.1021/jm300822g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Overexpression of certain tumor-associated carbohydrate antigens (TACA) caused by malignant transformation offers promising targets to develop novel antitumor vaccines, provided the ability to break their inherent low immunogenicity and overcome the tolerance of the immune system. We designed, synthesized, and immunologically evaluated a number of fully synthetic new chimeric constructs incorporating a cluster of the most common TACA (known as Tn antigen) covalently attached to T-cell peptide epitopes derived from polio virus and ovalbumin and included a synthetic built-in adjuvant consisting of two 16-carbon lipoamino acids. Vaccine candidates were able to induce significantly strong antibody responses in mice without the need for any additional adjuvant, carrier protein, or special pharmaceutical preparation (e.g., liposomes). Vaccine constructs were assembled either in a linear or in a branched architecture, which demonstrated the intervening effects of the incorporation and arrangement of T-cell epitopes on antibody recognition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abu-Baker M Abdel-Aal
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences (SCMB), The University of Queensland , QLD 4072, Queensland, Australia
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Recent advances in developing synthetic carbohydrate-based vaccines for cancer immunotherapies. Future Med Chem 2012; 4:545-84. [DOI: 10.4155/fmc.11.193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer cells can often be distinguished from healthy cells by the expression of unique carbohydrate sequences decorating the cell surface as a result of aberrant glycosyltransferase activity occurring within the cell; these unusual carbohydrates can be used as valuable immunological targets in modern vaccine designs to raise carbohydrate-specific antibodies. Many tumor antigens (e.g., GM2, Ley, globo H, sialyl Tn and TF) have been identified to date in a variety of cancers. Unfortunately, carbohydrates alone evoke poor immunogenicity, owing to their lack of ability in inducing T-cell-dependent immune responses. In order to enhance their immunogenicity and promote long-lasting immune responses, carbohydrates are often chemically modified to link to an immunogenic protein or peptide fragment for eliciting T-cell-dependent responses. This review will present a summary of efforts and advancements made to date on creating carbohydrate-based anticancer vaccines, and will include novel approaches to overcoming the poor immunogenicity of carbohydrate-based vaccines.
Collapse
|
15
|
|
16
|
Oberbillig T, Mersch C, Wagner S, Hoffmann-Röder A. Antibody recognition of fluorinated MUC1 glycopeptide antigens. Chem Commun (Camb) 2012; 48:1487-9. [DOI: 10.1039/c1cc15139h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
17
|
Heimburg-Molinaro J, Lum M, Vijay G, Jain M, Almogren A, Rittenhouse-Olson K. Cancer vaccines and carbohydrate epitopes. Vaccine 2011; 29:8802-26. [PMID: 21964054 PMCID: PMC3208265 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 175] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2011] [Revised: 08/18/2011] [Accepted: 09/06/2011] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Tumor-associated carbohydrate antigens (TACA) result from the aberrant glycosylation that is seen with transformation to a tumor cell. The carbohydrate antigens that have been found to be tumor-associated include the mucin related Tn, Sialyl Tn, and Thomsen-Friedenreich antigens, the blood group Lewis related Lewis(Y), Sialyl Lewis(X) and Sialyl Lewis(A), and Lewis(X) (also known as stage-specific embryonic antigen-1, SSEA-1), the glycosphingolipids Globo H and stage-specific embryonic antigen-3 (SSEA-3), the sialic acid containing glycosphingolipids, the gangliosides GD2, GD3, GM2, fucosyl GM1, and Neu5GcGM3, and polysialic acid. Recent developments have furthered our understanding of the T-independent type II response that is seen in response to carbohydrate antigens. The selection of a vaccine target antigen is based on not only the presence of the antigen in a variety of tumor tissues but also on the role this antigen plays in tumor growth and metastasis. These roles for TACAs are being elucidated. Newly acquired knowledge in understanding the T-independent immune response and in understanding the key roles that carbohydrates play in metastasis are being applied in attempts to develop an effective vaccine response to TACAs. The role of each of the above mentioned carbohydrate antigens in cancer growth and metastasis and vaccine attempts using these antigens will be described.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Michelle Lum
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY 14263
| | - Geraldine Vijay
- University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Miten Jain
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, University of California Santa Cruz, CA 95064
| | - Adel Almogren
- Department Of Pathology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11461 Saudi Arabia
| | - Kate Rittenhouse-Olson
- Department Of Pathology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11461 Saudi Arabia
- Department of Biotechnical and Clinical Laboratory Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14214
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14214
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY 14263
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Li Q, Rodriguez LG, Farnsworth DF, Gildersleeve JC. Effects of hapten density on the induced antibody repertoire. Chembiochem 2010; 11:1686-91. [PMID: 20602400 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201000235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Small peptides and oligosaccharides are important antigens for the development of vaccines and the production of monoclonal antibodies. Because of their small size, peptides and oligosaccharides are non-immunogenic on their own and typically must be conjugated to a larger carrier protein to elicit an immune response. Selection of a suitable carrier protein, conjugation method, and hapten density are critical for generating an optimal immune response. We used a glycan array to compare the repertoire of antibodies induced after immunizing with either low or high-density conjugates of the tumor-associated Tn antigen. At high hapten density, a broader range of antibodies was induced, and reactivity to the clustered Tn antigen was observed. In contrast, antibodies induced by the low-density conjugate had narrower reactivity and did not bind the clustered Tn antigen.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qian Li
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Hoffmann-Röder A, Schoenhentz J, Wagner S, Schmitt E. Perfluoroalkylated amphiphilic MUC1 glycopeptide antigens as tools for cancer immunotherapy. Chem Commun (Camb) 2010; 47:382-4. [PMID: 20830350 DOI: 10.1039/c0cc02250k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of perfluoroalkylated glycopeptide antigens and their specific binding to anti-MUC1 mouse antibodies is reported.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anja Hoffmann-Röder
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, D, -55128 Mainz, Germany.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Renaudet O, Dasgupta G, Bettahi I, Shi A, Nesburn AB, Dumy P, BenMohamed L. Linear and branched glyco-lipopeptide vaccines follow distinct cross-presentation pathways and generate different magnitudes of antitumor immunity. PLoS One 2010; 5:e11216. [PMID: 20574522 PMCID: PMC2888579 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0011216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2010] [Accepted: 05/26/2010] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glyco-lipopeptides, a form of lipid-tailed glyco-peptide, are currently under intense investigation as B- and T-cell based vaccine immunotherapy for many cancers. However, the cellular and molecular mechanisms of glyco-lipopeptides (GLPs) immunogenicity and the position of the lipid moiety on immunogenicity and protective efficacy of GLPs remain to be determined. METHODS/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS We have constructed two structural analogues of HER-2 glyco-lipopeptide (HER-GLP) by synthesizing a chimeric peptide made of one universal CD4(+) epitope (PADRE) and one HER-2 CD8(+) T-cell epitope (HER(420-429)). The C-terminal end of the resulting CD4-CD8 chimeric peptide was coupled to a tumor carbohydrate B-cell epitope, based on a regioselectively addressable functionalized templates (RAFT), made of four alpha-GalNAc molecules. The resulting HER glyco-peptide (HER-GP) was then linked to a palmitic acid moiety, attached either at the N-terminal end (linear HER-GLP-1) or in the middle between the CD4+ and CD8+ T cell epitopes (branched HER-GLP-2). We have investigated the uptake, processing and cross-presentation pathways of the two HER-GLP vaccine constructs, and assessed whether the position of linkage of the lipid moiety would affect the B- and T-cell immunogenicity and protective efficacy. Immunization of mice revealed that the linear HER-GLP-1 induced a stronger and longer lasting HER(420-429)-specific IFN-gamma producing CD8(+) T cell response, while the branched HER-GLP-2 induced a stronger tumor-specific IgG response. The linear HER-GLP-1 was taken up easily by dendritic cells (DCs), induced stronger DCs maturation and produced a potent TLR- 2-dependent T-cell activation. The linear and branched HER-GLP molecules appeared to follow two different cross-presentation pathways. While regression of established tumors was induced by both linear HER-GLP-1 and branched HER-GLP-2, the inhibition of tumor growth was significantly higher in HER-GLP-1 immunized mice (p<0.005). SIGNIFICANCE These findings have important implications for the development of effective GLP based immunotherapeutic strategies against cancers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Renaudet
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, The Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, School of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, United States of America
- Département de Chimie Moléculaire, UMR-CNRS 5250 and ICMG FR 2607, Université Joseph Fourier, Grenoble, France
| | - Gargi Dasgupta
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, The Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, School of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, United States of America
| | - Ilham Bettahi
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, The Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, School of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, United States of America
| | - Alda Shi
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, The Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, School of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, United States of America
| | - Anthony B. Nesburn
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, The Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, School of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, United States of America
| | - Pascal Dumy
- Département de Chimie Moléculaire, UMR-CNRS 5250 and ICMG FR 2607, Université Joseph Fourier, Grenoble, France
| | - Lbachir BenMohamed
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, The Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, School of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, United States of America
- Institute for Immunology, University of California Irvine Medical Center, Irvine, California, United States of America
- Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Irvine Medical Center, Irvine, California, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Abstract
Abstract
In recent years there has been a resurgence of interest in the biological roles of carbohydrates and as a result it is now known that carbohydrates are involved in a vast array of disease processes. This review summarises progress in the development of carbohydrate-based therapeutics that involve: inhibition of carbohydrate-lectin interactions; immunisation, using monoclonal antibodies for carbohydrate antigens; inhibition of enzymes that synthesise disease-associated carbohydrates; replacement of carbohydrate-processing enzymes; targeting of drugs to specific disease cells via carbohydrate-lectin interactions; carbohydrate based anti-thrombotic agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Helen M I Osborn
- School of Chemistry, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading RG6 6AD, UK.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Dasgupta G. Developing an asymptomatic mucosal herpes vaccine: the present and the future. Future Microbiol 2010; 5:1-4. [PMID: 20020824 PMCID: PMC4512283 DOI: 10.2217/fmb.09.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Gargi Dasgupta
- Laboratory of Cellular & Molecular, Immunology, The Gavin Herbert Eye, Institute, University of California Irvine, College of Medicine, Irvine, CA 92697-94375, USA, Tel.: +1 714 456 6465, Fax: +1 714 456 5073,
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Recent advances in multivalent self adjuvanting glycolipopeptide vaccine strategies against breast cancer. Arch Immunol Ther Exp (Warsz) 2009; 57:409-23. [PMID: 19866342 DOI: 10.1007/s00005-009-0049-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2009] [Accepted: 06/19/2009] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer (BrCa) is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths for women worldwide. Evidence from both patients and mouse cancer models suggests that the simultaneous induction of BrCa-specific CD4(+) T cells, CD8(+) cytotoxic T cells, and antibodies is crucial for providing immune resistance. However, almost all current vaccines address only a single arm of the immune system, which may explain their lack of efficacy. We believe that the correct response to monovalent vaccines' "failure" is to increase our knowledge about antitumor protective immunity and to develop a multivalent vaccine molecule that can simultaneously induce multiple arms of the immune system. We highlight here recent advances in anti-BrCa peptide-based vaccine strategies with an emphasis on the self adjuvanting multivalent glycolipopeptide vaccine strategy recently developed in our laboratory and which showed promising results in both immunotherapeutic and immunoprophylactic settings.
Collapse
|
24
|
Stallforth P, Lepenies B, Adibekian A, Seeberger PH. Carbohydrates: A Frontier in Medicinal Chemistry. J Med Chem 2009; 52:5561-77. [DOI: 10.1021/jm900819p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Stallforth
- Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Bernd Lepenies
- Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | | | - Peter H. Seeberger
- Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Li Q, Anver MR, Butcher DO, Gildersleeve JC. Resolving conflicting data on expression of the Tn antigen and implications for clinical trials with cancer vaccines. Mol Cancer Ther 2009; 8:971-9. [PMID: 19372570 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-08-0934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The tumor-associated Tn antigen has been investigated extensively as a biomarker and therapeutic target. Cancer vaccines containing the Tn antigen as a single tumor antigen or as a component of a polyvalent vaccine have progressed into phase I and II clinical trials. One major focus of Tn-based vaccines is the treatment of prostate cancer patients. Although expression of the antigen on prostate tumors is a critical prerequisite, previous reports investigating Tn expression in prostate tumors have produced conflicting results. Using a combination of immunohistochemistry and carbohydrate microarray profiling, we show that only 4% to 26% of prostate tumors express the Tn antigen. Based on our results, the majority of prostate cancer patients do not express the appropriate antigen. Therefore, efforts to preselect the subset of prostate cancer patients with Tn-positive tumors or apply Tn vaccines to other cancers with higher rates of antigen expression could significantly improve clinical response rates. Because conflicting information on carbohydrate expression is a general problem for the field, the approach described in this article of analyzing antigen expression with multiple antibodies and using carbohydrate microarray profiles to interpret the results will be useful for the development of other carbohydrate-based cancer vaccines and diagnostics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qian Li
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Center for Cancer Research, SAIC-Frederick, Inc., Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Abstract
The advent of technologies to express heterologous proteins in planta has led to the proposition that plants may be engineered to be safe, inexpensive vehicles for the production of vaccines and possibly even vectors for their delivery. The immunogenicity of a variety of antigens of relevance to vaccination expressed in different plants has been assessed. The purpose of this article is to examine the utility of plant-expression systems in vaccine development from an immunological perspective.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D C Hooper
- Center for Neurovirology, Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107-6731, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Bettahi I, Dasgupta G, Renaudet O, Chentoufi AA, Zhang X, Carpenter D, Yoon S, Dumy P, BenMohamed L. Antitumor activity of a self-adjuvanting glyco-lipopeptide vaccine bearing B cell, CD4+ and CD8+ T cell epitopes. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2009; 58:187-200. [PMID: 18584174 PMCID: PMC11030914 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-008-0537-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2008] [Accepted: 05/14/2008] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Molecularly defined synthetic vaccines capable of inducing both antibodies and cellular anti-tumor immune responses, in a manner compatible with human delivery, are limited. Few molecules achieve this target without utilizing external immuno-adjuvants. In this study, we explored a self-adjuvanting glyco-lipopeptide (GLP) as a platform for cancer vaccines using as a model MO5, an OVA-expressing mouse B16 melanoma. A prototype B and T cell epitope-based GLP molecule was constructed by synthesizing a chimeric peptide made of a CD8(+) T cell epitope, from ovalbumin (OVA(257-264)) and an universal CD4(+) T helper (Th) epitope (PADRE). The resulting CTL-Th peptide backbones was coupled to a carbohydrate B cell epitope based on a regioselectively addressable functionalized templates (RAFT), made of four alpha-GalNAc molecules at C-terminal. The N terminus of the resulting glycopeptides (GP) was then linked to a palmitic acid moiety (PAM), obviating the need for potentially toxic external immuno-adjuvants. The final prototype OVA-GLP molecule, delivered in adjuvant-free PBS, in mice induced: (1) robust RAFT-specific IgG/IgM that recognized tumor cell lines; (2) local and systemic OVA(257-264)-specific IFN-gamma producing CD8(+) T cells; (3) PADRE-specific CD4(+) T cells; (4) OVA-GLP vaccination elicited a reduction of tumor size in mice inoculated with syngeneic murine MO5 carcinoma cells and a protection from lethal carcinoma cell challenge; (5) finally, OVA-GLP immunization significantly inhibited the growth of pre-established MO5 tumors. Our results suggest self-adjuvanting glyco-lipopeptide molecules as a platform for B Cell, CD4(+), and CD8(+) T cell epitopes-based immunotherapeutic cancer vaccines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ilham Bettahi
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, The Gavin S. Herbert Eye Institute, University of California Irvine, College of Medicine, Bldg. 55, Room 202, Irvine, Orange, CA 92868 USA
| | - Gargi Dasgupta
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, The Gavin S. Herbert Eye Institute, University of California Irvine, College of Medicine, Bldg. 55, Room 202, Irvine, Orange, CA 92868 USA
| | - Olivier Renaudet
- Département de Chimie Moléculaire, UMR-CNRS 5250, ICMG FR 2607, Universite Joseph Fourier, 38041 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Aziz Alami Chentoufi
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, The Gavin S. Herbert Eye Institute, University of California Irvine, College of Medicine, Bldg. 55, Room 202, Irvine, Orange, CA 92868 USA
| | - Xiuli Zhang
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, The Gavin S. Herbert Eye Institute, University of California Irvine, College of Medicine, Bldg. 55, Room 202, Irvine, Orange, CA 92868 USA
| | - Dale Carpenter
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, The Gavin S. Herbert Eye Institute, University of California Irvine, College of Medicine, Bldg. 55, Room 202, Irvine, Orange, CA 92868 USA
| | - Susan Yoon
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, The Gavin S. Herbert Eye Institute, University of California Irvine, College of Medicine, Bldg. 55, Room 202, Irvine, Orange, CA 92868 USA
| | - Pascal Dumy
- Département de Chimie Moléculaire, UMR-CNRS 5250, ICMG FR 2607, Universite Joseph Fourier, 38041 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Lbachir BenMohamed
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, The Gavin S. Herbert Eye Institute, University of California Irvine, College of Medicine, Bldg. 55, Room 202, Irvine, Orange, CA 92868 USA
- Center for Immunology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697-1450 USA
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Niederhafner P, Reinis M, Sebestík J, Jezek J. Glycopeptide dendrimers, part III: a review. Use of glycopeptide dendrimers in immunotherapy and diagnosis of cancer and viral diseases. J Pept Sci 2008; 14:556-87. [PMID: 18275089 DOI: 10.1002/psc.1011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Glycopeptide dendrimers containing different types of tumor associated-carbohydrate antigens (T(N), TF, sialyl-T(N), sialyl-TF, sialyl-Le(x), sialyl-Le(a) etc.) were used in diagnosis and therapy of different sorts of cancer. These dendrimeric structures with incorporated T-cell epitopes and adjuvants can be used as antitumor vaccines. Best results were obtained with multiantigenic vaccines, containing, e.g. five or six different TAAs. The topic of TAAs and their dendrimeric forms at molecular level are reviewed, including structure, syntheses, and biological activities. Use of glycopeptide dendrimers as antiviral vaccines against HIV and influenza is also described. Their syntheses, physico-chemical properties, and biological activities are given with many examples.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Petr Niederhafner
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Ozawa C, Katayama H, Hojo H, Nakahara Y, Nakahara Y. Efficient Sequential Segment Coupling Using N-Alkylcysteine-Assisted Thioesterification for Glycopeptide Dendrimer Synthesis. Org Lett 2008; 10:3531-3. [DOI: 10.1021/ol801340m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chinatsu Ozawa
- Department of Applied Biochemistry, Institute of Glycotechnology, Tokai University, Kanagawa 259-1292, Japan
| | - Hidekazu Katayama
- Department of Applied Biochemistry, Institute of Glycotechnology, Tokai University, Kanagawa 259-1292, Japan
| | - Hironobu Hojo
- Department of Applied Biochemistry, Institute of Glycotechnology, Tokai University, Kanagawa 259-1292, Japan
| | - Yuko Nakahara
- Department of Applied Biochemistry, Institute of Glycotechnology, Tokai University, Kanagawa 259-1292, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Nakahara
- Department of Applied Biochemistry, Institute of Glycotechnology, Tokai University, Kanagawa 259-1292, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Wang J, Li H, Zou G, Wang LX. Novel template-assembled oligosaccharide clusters as epitope mimics for HIV-neutralizing antibody 2G12. Design, synthesis, and antibody binding study. Org Biomol Chem 2007; 5:1529-40. [PMID: 17571181 DOI: 10.1039/b702961f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of a new class of template-assembled oligomannose clusters as the mimics of the epitope of the HIV-neutralizing antibody 2G12 is described. The novel oligomannose clusters were successfully assembled on a cyclic decapeptide template using the Cu(I)-catalyzed 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of azides to alkynes by introducing four units of a synthetic D1 arm tetrasaccharide (Manalpha1,2Manalpha1,2Manalpha1,3Manalpha-) of high-mannose N-glycan on one face of the template and two T-helper epitope peptides on the other face of the template. Their binding to human antibody 2G12 was studied using surface plasmon resonance (SPR) technology. It was found that while the synthetic monomeric D1 arm oligosaccharide and its fluorinated derivative interacted with 2G12 only weakly, the corresponding template-assembled oligosaccharide clusters showed high affinity to antibody 2G12, indicating a clear clustering effect in 2G12 recognition. Interestingly, the fluorinated D1 arm cluster, in which the 6-OH of the terminal mannosyl residue was replaced with a fluorine atom, showed a distinct kinetic model in 2G12 binding as compared with the cluster of the natural D1 arm oligosaccharides. The oligosaccharide clusters with varied length of spacer demonstrated different affinity to 2G12, suggesting that an appropriate spatial orientation of the sugar chains in the cluster was crucial for high affinity binding to the antibody 2G12. It was also found that the introduction of two T-helper epitopes onto the template did not affect the structural integrity of the oligomannose cluster. The novel synthetic glycoconjugates represent a new type of immunogen that may be able to raise carbohydrate-specific neutralizing antibodies against HIV-1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingsong Wang
- Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland, 725 W. Lombard Street, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
|
32
|
Abstract
This review describes the recent advances in the field of glycopeptide and small glycoprotein synthesis. The strategies covered include chemical and chemoenzymatic synthesis, native chemical ligation (NCL), and expressed chemical ligation. The importance of glycopeptide synthesis is exemplified by giving the reader an overview of how versatile and important these well-defined glycopeptides are as tools in glycobiology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Therese Buskas
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, 315 Riverbend Road, Athens, GA, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Zhang X, Issagholian A, Berg EA, Fishman JB, Nesburn AB, BenMohamed L. Th-cytotoxic T-lymphocyte chimeric epitopes extended by Nepsilon-palmitoyl lysines induce herpes simplex virus type 1-specific effector CD8+ Tc1 responses and protect against ocular infection. J Virol 2006; 79:15289-301. [PMID: 16306600 PMCID: PMC1316035 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.79.24.15289-15301.2005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Molecularly defined vaccine formulations capable of inducing antiviral CD8+ T-cell-specific immunity in a manner compatible with human delivery are limited. Few molecules achieve this target without the support of an appropriate immunological adjuvant. In this study, we investigate the potential of totally synthetic palmitoyl-tailed helper-cytotoxic-T-lymphocyte chimeric epitopes (Th-CTL chimeric lipopeptides) to induce herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1)-specific CD8+ T-cell responses. As a model antigen, the HSV-1 glycoprotein B498-505 (gB498-505) CD8+ CTL epitope was synthesized in line with the Pan DR peptide (PADRE), a universal CD4+ Th epitope. The peptide backbone, composed solely of both epitopes, was extended by N-terminal attachment of one (PAM-Th-CTL), two [(PAM)2-Th-CTL], or three [(PAM)3-Th-CTL] palmitoyl lysines and delivered to H2b mice in adjuvant-free saline. Potent HSV-1 gB498-505-specific antiviral CD8+ T-cell effector type 1 responses were induced by each of the palmitoyl-tailed Th-CTL chimeric epitopes, irrespective of the number of lipid moieties. The palmitoyl-tailed Th-CTL chimeric epitopes provoked cell surface expression of major histocompatibility complex and costimulatory molecules and production of interleukin-12 and tumor necrosis factor alpha proinflammatory cytokines by immature dendritic cells. Following ocular HSV-1 challenge, palmitoyl-tailed Th-CTL-immunized mice exhibited a decrease of virus replication in the eye and in the local trigeminal ganglion and reduced herpetic blepharitis and corneal scarring. The rational of the molecularly defined vaccine approach presented in this study may be applied to ocular herpes and other viral infections in humans, providing steps are taken to include appropriate Th and CTL epitopes and lipid groups.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiuli Zhang
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, University of California, Irvine, College of Medicine, Bldg. 55, Room 202, Orange, CA 92868, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
BenMohamed L, Thomas A, Druilhe P. Long-term multiepitopic cytotoxic-T-lymphocyte responses induced in chimpanzees by combinations of Plasmodium falciparum liver-stage peptides and lipopeptides. Infect Immun 2004; 72:4376-84. [PMID: 15271893 PMCID: PMC470687 DOI: 10.1128/iai.72.8.4376-4384.2004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Preclinical immunogenicity studies of 12 malaria peptides, selected from four Plasmodium falciparum antigens (Ags), namely, LSA1, LSA3, SALSA, and STARP, that are expressed at the pre-erythrocytic (sporozoite and liver) stages of the human parasite were carried out in chimpanzees. To strengthen their immunogenicity, six of these synthetic peptides were modified by the C-terminal addition of a single palmitoyl chain (lipopeptides) and delivered without adjuvant, whereas the remaining six unmodified peptides were emulsified and delivered by using Montanide ISA51 adjuvant. We have previously reported that these peptides and lipopeptides induce high B-cell and CD4(+)-T-helper responses in chimpanzees. In this report, we show their ability to induce multiepitopic and long-lasting antigen-specific CD8(+) cytotoxic-T-lymphocyte (CTL) responses. The magnitude, consistency, and memory of CTL responses generated by LSA3 peptides point to the strong immunogenicity of this liver-stage Ag. These findings support the screening strategy used to select the four P. falciparum pre-erythrocytic Ags and emphasize their valuable immunogenic properties. The successful immunization of nonhuman primates with combinations of corresponding peptides in a mineral oil emulsion (ISA51) and lipopeptides in saline provide a vaccine formulation that can be tested in humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lbachir BenMohamed
- Unité de Parasitologie Bio-Médicale, Institut Pasteur, 75015 Paris, France
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Lo-Man R, Vichier-Guerre S, Perraut R, Dériaud E, Huteau V, BenMohamed L, Diop OM, Livingston PO, Bay S, Leclerc C. A Fully Synthetic Therapeutic Vaccine Candidate Targeting Carcinoma-Associated Tn Carbohydrate Antigen Induces Tumor-Specific Antibodies in Nonhuman Primates. Cancer Res 2004; 64:4987-94. [PMID: 15256473 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-04-0252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
We recently developed an efficient strategy based on a fully synthetic dendrimeric carbohydrate display (multiple antigenic glycopeptide; MAG) to induce anticarbohydrate antibody responses for therapeutic vaccination against cancer. Here, we show the superior efficacy of the MAG strategy over the traditional keyhole limpet hemocyanin glycoconjugate to elicit an anticarbohydrate IgG response against the tumor-associated Tn antigen. We highlight the influence of the aglyconic carrier elements of such a tumor antigen for their recognition by the immune system. Finally, we additionally developed the MAG system by introducing promiscuous HLA-restricted T-helper epitopes and performed its immunological evaluation in nonhuman primates. MAG:Tn vaccines induced in all of the animals strong tumor-specific anti-Tn antibodies that can mediate antibody-dependent cell cytotoxicity against human tumor. Therefore, the preclinical evaluation of the MAG:Tn vaccine demonstrates that it represents a safe and highly promising immunotherapeutic molecularly defined tool for targeting breast, colon, and prostate cancers that express the carbohydrate Tn antigen.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Richard Lo-Man
- Unité de Biologie des Régulations Immunitaires (Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale E352) Institut Pasteur, 25-28 rue du Dr. Roux, 75724 Paris, France.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Wright K, Guerreiro C, Laurent I, Baleux F, Mulard LA. Preparation of synthetic glycoconjugates as potential vaccines against Shigella flexneri serotype 2a disease. Org Biomol Chem 2004; 2:1518-27. [PMID: 15136809 DOI: 10.1039/b400986j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of three neoglycopeptides incorporating carbohydrate haptens, differing in length, covalently linked to a non natural universal T helper peptide is disclosed. They were synthesized according to a blockwise strategy based on the condensation of appropriate di-, tri-, and tetrasaccharide trichloroacetimidate donors onto an azidoethyl 2-acetamido-2-deoxybeta-D-glucopyranoside acceptor. Use of thiol-maleimide coupling chemistry allowed site-selective efficient conjugation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karen Wright
- Unité de Chimie Organique, URA CNRS 2128, Institut Pasteur, 28 rue du Dr Roux, 75 724, Paris15, France
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|