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Yuan X, Ruan W, Bobrow B, Carmeliet P, Eltzschig HK. Targeting hypoxia-inducible factors: therapeutic opportunities and challenges. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2024; 23:175-200. [PMID: 38123660 DOI: 10.1038/s41573-023-00848-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) are highly conserved transcription factors that are crucial for adaptation of metazoans to limited oxygen availability. Recently, HIF activation and inhibition have emerged as therapeutic targets in various human diseases. Pharmacologically desirable effects of HIF activation include erythropoiesis stimulation, cellular metabolism optimization during hypoxia and adaptive responses during ischaemia and inflammation. By contrast, HIF inhibition has been explored as a therapy for various cancers, retinal neovascularization and pulmonary hypertension. This Review discusses the biochemical mechanisms that control HIF stabilization and the molecular strategies that can be exploited pharmacologically to activate or inhibit HIFs. In addition, we examine medical conditions that benefit from targeting HIFs, the potential side effects of HIF activation or inhibition and future challenges in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyi Yuan
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - Wei Ruan
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Anaesthesiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Bentley Bobrow
- Department of Emergency Medicine, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Peter Carmeliet
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis & Vascular Metabolism, Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis & Vascular Heterogeneity, Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Center for Biotechnology, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Holger K Eltzschig
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA.
- Outcomes Research Consortium, Cleveland, OH, USA.
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2
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Hall CHT, Lanis JM, Dowdell AS, Murphy EM, Bhagavatula G, Neuhart RM, Vijaya Sai KY, Colgan SP. Fundamental role for the creatine kinase pathway in protection from murine colitis. Mucosal Immunol 2023; 16:817-825. [PMID: 37716510 DOI: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2023.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory diseases of the digestive tract, including inflammatory bowel disease, cause metabolic stress within mucosal tissue. Creatine is a key energetic regulator. We previously reported a loss of creatine kinases (CKs) and the creatine transporter expression in inflammatory bowel disease patient intestinal biopsy samples and that creatine supplementation was protective in a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) colitis mouse model. In the present studies, we evaluated the role of CK loss in active inflammation using the DSS colitis model. Mice lacking expression of CK brain type/CK mitochondrial form (CKdKO) showed increased susceptibility to DSS colitis (weight loss, disease activity, permeability, colon length, and histology). In a broad cytokine profiling, CKdKO mice expressed near absent interferon gamma (IFN-γ) levels. We identified losses in IFN-γ production from CD4+ and CD8+ T cells isolated from CKdKO mice. Addback of IFN-γ during DSS treatment resulted in partial protection for CKdKO mice. Extensions of these studies identified basal stabilization of the transcription factor hypoxia-inducible factor in CKdKO splenocytes and pharmacological stabilization of hypoxia-inducible factor resulted in reduced IFN-γ production by control splenocytes. Thus, the loss of IFN-γ production by CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in CKdKO mice resulted in increased colitis susceptibility and indicates that CK is protective in active mucosal inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline H T Hall
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Children's Hospital Colorado and University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA; Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Mucosal Inflammation Program and University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Jordi M Lanis
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Mucosal Inflammation Program and University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA; Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Alexander S Dowdell
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Mucosal Inflammation Program and University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA; Rocky Mountain Veterans Hospital, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Emily M Murphy
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Children's Hospital Colorado and University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA; Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Mucosal Inflammation Program and University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Geetha Bhagavatula
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Children's Hospital Colorado and University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA; Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Mucosal Inflammation Program and University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Rane M Neuhart
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Children's Hospital Colorado and University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA; Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Mucosal Inflammation Program and University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Kiranmayee Yenugudhati Vijaya Sai
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Mucosal Inflammation Program and University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA; Rocky Mountain Veterans Hospital, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Sean P Colgan
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Mucosal Inflammation Program and University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA; Rocky Mountain Veterans Hospital, Aurora, Colorado, USA.
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Poenariu IS, Boldeanu L, Ungureanu BS, Caragea DC, Cristea OM, Pădureanu V, Siloși I, Ungureanu AM, Statie RC, Ciobanu AE, Gheonea DI, Osiac E, Boldeanu MV. Interrelation of Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1 Alpha (HIF-1 α) and the Ratio between the Mean Corpuscular Volume/Lymphocytes (MCVL) and the Cumulative Inflammatory Index (IIC) in Ulcerative Colitis. Biomedicines 2023; 11:3137. [PMID: 38137357 PMCID: PMC10741094 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11123137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
We intended to investigate the presence and medical application of serum hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1α) along with the already known systemic inflammatory markers and the new one's inflammatory indices, the proportion of mean corpuscular volume and lymphocytes (MCVL) and the cumulative inflammatory index (IIC), for patients with ulcerative colitis (UC). We sought to establish correlations that may be present between the serum levels of HIF-1α and these inflammatory indices, as well as their relationship with disease activity and the extent of UC, which can provide us with a more precise understanding of the evolution, prognosis, and future well-being of patients. Serum samples were collected from 46 patients diagnosed with UC and 23 controls. For our assessment of the serum levels of HIF-1α, we used the Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) technique. Thus, for HIF-1α we detected significantly higher values in more severe and more extensive UC. When it came to MCVL and IIC, we observed statistically significant differences between the three groups being compared (Severe, Moderate, and Mild). Our study highlighted that HIF-1α correlated much better with a disease activity score, MCVL, and IIC. With MCVL and IIC, a strong and very strong correlation had formed between them and well-known inflammation indices. By examining the ROC curves of the analyzed parameters, we recognized that TWI (accuracy of 83.70%) provides the best discrimination of patients with early forms of UC, followed by HIF-1α (73.90% accuracy), MCVL (70.90% accuracy), and PLR (70.40%). In our study, we observed that HIF-1α, MCVL, and PLR had the same sensitivity (73.33%) but HIF-1α had a much better specificity (60.87% vs. 58.70%, and 54.35%). Also, in addition to the PLR, HIF-1α and MCVL can be used as independent predictor factors in the discrimination of patients with early forms of UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioan Sabin Poenariu
- Doctoral School, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania; (I.S.P.); (R.-C.S.); (A.E.C.)
- Department of Immunology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania; (I.S.); (M.V.B.)
| | - Lidia Boldeanu
- Department of Microbiology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania; (O.M.C.); (A.M.U.)
| | - Bogdan Silviu Ungureanu
- Department of Gastroenterology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania; (B.S.U.); (D.I.G.)
| | - Daniel Cosmin Caragea
- Department of Nephrology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania;
| | - Oana Mariana Cristea
- Department of Microbiology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania; (O.M.C.); (A.M.U.)
| | - Vlad Pădureanu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania
| | - Isabela Siloși
- Department of Immunology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania; (I.S.); (M.V.B.)
| | - Anca Marinela Ungureanu
- Department of Microbiology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania; (O.M.C.); (A.M.U.)
| | - Răzvan-Cristian Statie
- Doctoral School, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania; (I.S.P.); (R.-C.S.); (A.E.C.)
- Department of Gastroenterology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania; (B.S.U.); (D.I.G.)
| | - Alina Elena Ciobanu
- Doctoral School, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania; (I.S.P.); (R.-C.S.); (A.E.C.)
| | - Dan Ionuț Gheonea
- Department of Gastroenterology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania; (B.S.U.); (D.I.G.)
| | - Eugen Osiac
- Department of Biophysics, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania;
| | - Mihail Virgil Boldeanu
- Department of Immunology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania; (I.S.); (M.V.B.)
- Medico Science SRL—Stem Cell Bank Unit, 200690 Craiova, Romania
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Cristante E, Liyanage SE, Smith AJ, Ali RR, Bainbridge JWB. Role of HIF1α and HIF2α in Cre Recombinase-Induced Retinal Pigment Epithelium Pathology and Its Secondary Effect on Choroidal Neovascularization. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2023; 193:1694-1705. [PMID: 37330004 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2023.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
CreTrp1 mice are widely used for conditional retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) gene function studies. Like other Cre/LoxP models, phenotypes in CreTrp1 mice can be affected by Cre-mediated cellular toxicity, leading to RPE dysfunction, altered morphology and atrophy, activation of innate immunity, and consequent impairment of photoreceptor function. These effects are common among the age-related alterations of RPE that feature in early/intermediate forms of age-related macular degeneration. This article characterizes Cre-mediated pathology in the CreTrp1 line to elucidate the impact of RPE degeneration on both developmental and pathologic choroidal neovascularization. Nonredundant roles of the two major components of the hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) family of transcription regulators, HIF1α and HIF2α, were identified. Genetic ablation of Hif1a protected against Cre-induced degeneration of RPE and choroid, whereas ablation of Hif2a exacerbated this degeneration. Furthermore, HIF1α deficiency protected CreTrp1 mice against laser-induced choroidal neovascularization, whereas HIF2α deficiency exacerbated the phenotype. Cre-mediated degeneration of the RPE in CreTrp1 mice offers an opportunity to investigate the impact of hypoxia signaling in the context of RPE degeneration. These findings indicate that HIF1α promotes Cre recombinase-mediated RPE degeneration and laser-induced choroidal neovascularization, whereas HIF2α is protective.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Alexander J Smith
- Centre for Cell and Gene Therapy, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Robin R Ali
- Centre for Cell and Gene Therapy, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - James W B Bainbridge
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology London, United Kingdom; NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom.
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Foresto-Neto O, da Silva ARPA, Cipelli M, Santana-Novelli FPR, Camara NOS. The impact of hypoxia-inducible factors in the pathogenesis of kidney diseases: a link through cell metabolism. Kidney Res Clin Pract 2023; 42:561-578. [PMID: 37448286 PMCID: PMC10565456 DOI: 10.23876/j.krcp.23.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Kidneys are sensitive to disturbances in oxygen homeostasis. Hypoxia and activation of the hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) pathway alter the expression of genes involved in the metabolism of renal and immune cells, interfering with their functioning. Whether the transcriptional activity of HIF protects the kidneys or participates in the pathogenesis of renal diseases is unclear. Several studies have indicated that HIF signaling promotes fibrosis in experimental models of kidney disease. Other reports showed a protective effect of HIF activation on kidney inflammation and injury. In addition to the direct effect of HIF on the kidneys, experimental evidence indicates that HIF-mediated metabolic shift activates inflammatory cells, supporting the HIF cascade as a link between lung or gut damage and worsening of renal disease. Although hypoxia and HIF activation are present in several scenarios of renal diseases, further investigations are needed to clarify whether interfering with the HIF pathway is beneficial in different pathological contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orestes Foresto-Neto
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Marcella Cipelli
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Niels Olsen Saraiva Camara
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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6
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Zhang Z, Shi C, Wang Z. Therapeutic Effects and Molecular Mechanism of Chlorogenic Acid on Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome: Role of HIF-1alpha. Nutrients 2023; 15:2833. [PMID: 37447160 DOI: 10.3390/nu15132833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Chlorogenic acid (CGA) is a powerful antioxidant polyphenol molecule found in many diets and liquid beverages, playing a preventive and therapeutic role in various diseases caused by oxidative stress and inflammation. Recent research has found that CGA can not only improve clinical symptoms in PCOS patients but also improve follicular development, hormone status, and oxidative stress in PCOS rats, indicating the therapeutic effect of CGA on PCOS. Notably, our previous series of studies has demonstrated the expression changes and regulatory mechanisms of HIF-1alpha signaling in PCOS ovaries. Considering the regulatory effect of CGA on the HIF-1alpha pathway, the present article systematically elucidates the therapeutic role and molecular mechanisms of HIF-1alpha signaling during the treatment of PCOS by CGA, including follicular development, steroid synthesis, inflammatory response, oxidative stress, and insulin resistance, in order to further understand the mechanisms of CGA effects in different types of diseases and to provide a theoretical basis for further promoting CGA-rich diets and beverages simultaneously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenghong Zhang
- Provincial Key Laboratory for Developmental Biology and Neurosciences, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China
| | - Congjian Shi
- Provincial Key Laboratory for Developmental Biology and Neurosciences, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China
| | - Zhengchao Wang
- Provincial Key Laboratory for Developmental Biology and Neurosciences, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China
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Lombardi F, Augello FR, Palumbo P, Bonfili L, Artone S, Altamura S, Sheldon JM, Latella G, Cifone MG, Eleuteri AM, Cinque B. Bacterial Lysate from the Multi-Strain Probiotic SLAB51 Triggers Adaptative Responses to Hypoxia in Human Caco-2 Intestinal Epithelial Cells under Normoxic Conditions and Attenuates LPS-Induced Inflammatory Response. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24098134. [PMID: 37175841 PMCID: PMC10179068 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24098134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), a central player in maintaining gut-microbiota homeostasis, plays a pivotal role in inducing adaptive mechanisms to hypoxia and is negatively regulated by prolyl hydroxylase 2 (PHD2). HIF-1α is stabilized through PI3K/AKT signaling regardless of oxygen levels. Considering the crucial role of the HIF pathway in intestinal mucosal physiology and its relationships with gut microbiota, this study aimed to evaluate the ability of the lysate from the multi-strain probiotic formulation SLAB51 to affect the HIF pathway in a model of in vitro human intestinal epithelium (intestinal epithelial cells, IECs) and to protect from lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge. The exposure of IECs to SLAB51 lysate under normoxic conditions led to a dose-dependent increase in HIF-1α protein levels, which was associated with higher glycolytic metabolism and L-lactate production. Probiotic lysate significantly reduced PHD2 levels and HIF-1α hydroxylation, thus leading to HIF-1α stabilization. The ability of SLAB51 lysate to increase HIF-1α levels was also associated with the activation of the PI3K/AKT pathway and with the inhibition of NF-κB, nitric oxide synthase 2 (NOS2), and IL-1β increase elicited by LPS treatment. Our results suggest that the probiotic treatment, by stabilizing HIF-1α, can protect from an LPS-induced inflammatory response through a mechanism involving PI3K/AKT signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Lombardi
- Department of Life, Health & Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
| | | | - Paola Palumbo
- Department of Life, Health & Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Laura Bonfili
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Serena Artone
- Department of Life, Health & Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Serena Altamura
- Department of Life, Health & Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Jenna Marie Sheldon
- Dr. Kiran C Patel College of Osteopathic Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33314-7796, USA
| | - Giovanni Latella
- Department of Life, Health & Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Cifone
- Department of Life, Health & Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Eleuteri
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Benedetta Cinque
- Department of Life, Health & Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
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Hypoxia and Intestinal Inflammation: Common Molecular Mechanisms and Signaling Pathways. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032425. [PMID: 36768744 PMCID: PMC9917195 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The gastrointestinal tract (GI) has a unique oxygenation profile. It should be noted that the state of hypoxia can be characteristic of both normal and pathological conditions. Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIF) play a key role in mediating the response to hypoxia, and they are tightly regulated by a group of enzymes called HIF prolyl hydroxylases (PHD). In this review, we discuss the involvement of inflammation hypoxia and signaling pathways in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and elaborate in detail on the role of HIF in multiple immune reactions during intestinal inflammation. We emphasize the critical influence of tissue microenvironment and highlight the existence of overlapping functions and immune responses mediated by the same molecular mechanisms. Finally, we also provide an update on the development of corresponding therapeutic approaches that would be useful for treatment or prophylaxis of inflammatory bowel disease.
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Bourgonje AR, Kloska D, Grochot-Przęczek A, Feelisch M, Cuadrado A, van Goor H. Personalized redox medicine in inflammatory bowel diseases: an emerging role for HIF-1α and NRF2 as therapeutic targets. Redox Biol 2023; 60:102603. [PMID: 36634466 PMCID: PMC9841059 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2023.102603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), encompassing Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), are intimately associated with inflammation and overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Temporal and inter-individual variabilities in disease activity and response to therapy pose significant challenges to diagnosis and patient care. Discovery and validation of truly integrative biomarkers would benefit from embracing redox metabolomics approaches with prioritization of central regulatory hubs. We here make a case for applying a personalized redox medicine approach that aims to selectively inhibit pathological overproduction and/or altered expression of specific enzymatic sources of ROS without compromising physiological function. To this end, improved 'clinical-omics integration' may help to better understand which particular redox signaling pathways are disrupted in what patient. Pharmacological interventions capable of activating endogenous antioxidant defense systems may represent viable therapeutic options to restore local/systemic redox status, with HIF-1α and NRF2 holding particular promise in this context. Achieving the implementation of clinically meaningful mechanism-based biomarkers requires development of easy-to-use, robust and cost-effective tools for secure diagnosis and monitoring of treatment efficacy. Ultimately, matching redox-directed pharmacological interventions to individual patient phenotypes using predictive biomarkers may offer new opportunities to break the therapeutic ceiling in IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arno R. Bourgonje
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands,Corresponding author.
| | - Damian Kloska
- Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Anna Grochot-Przęczek
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Martin Feelisch
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Antonio Cuadrado
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas “Alberto Sols” UAM-CSIC. Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
| | - Harry van Goor
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.
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10
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Matute JD, Duan J, Flak MB, Griebel P, Tascon-Arcila JA, Doms S, Hanley T, Antanaviciute A, Gundrum J, Mark Welch JL, Sit B, Abtahi S, Fuhler GM, Grootjans J, Tran F, Stengel ST, White JR, Krupka N, Haller D, Clare S, Lawley TD, Kaser A, Simmons A, Glickman JN, Bry L, Rosenstiel P, Borisy G, Waldor MK, Baines JF, Turner JR, Blumberg RS. Intelectin-1 binds and alters the localization of the mucus barrier-modifying bacterium Akkermansia muciniphila. J Exp Med 2023; 220:e20211938. [PMID: 36413219 PMCID: PMC9683900 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20211938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Intelectin-1 (ITLN1) is a lectin secreted by intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) and upregulated in human ulcerative colitis (UC). We investigated how ITLN1 production is regulated in IECs and the biological effects of ITLN1 at the host-microbiota interface using mouse models. Our data show that ITLN1 upregulation in IECs from UC patients is a consequence of activating the unfolded protein response. Analysis of microbes coated by ITLN1 in vivo revealed a restricted subset of microorganisms, including the mucolytic bacterium Akkermansia muciniphila. Mice overexpressing intestinal ITLN1 exhibited decreased inner colonic mucus layer thickness and closer apposition of A. muciniphila to the epithelial cell surface, similar to alterations reported in UC. The changes in the inner mucus layer were microbiota and A. muciniphila dependent and associated with enhanced sensitivity to chemically induced and T cell-mediated colitis. We conclude that by determining the localization of a select group of bacteria to the mucus layer, ITLN1 modifies this critical barrier. Together, these findings may explain the impact of ITLN1 dysregulation on UC pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan D. Matute
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Division of Newborn Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Jinzhi Duan
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Magdalena B. Flak
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Paul Griebel
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University and University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Jose A. Tascon-Arcila
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Shauni Doms
- Guest Group Evolutionary Medicine, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Biology, Plön, Germany
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Thomas Hanley
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Agne Antanaviciute
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Human Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Translational Gastroenterology Unit, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | | | - Brandon Sit
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA
- Department of Microbiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston, MA
| | - Shabnam Abtahi
- Laboratory of Mucosal Barrier Pathobiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Gwenny M. Fuhler
- Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Joep Grootjans
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology and Metabolism & Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Florian Tran
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University and University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Stephanie T. Stengel
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University and University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | | | - Niklas Krupka
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Dirk Haller
- Nutrition and Immunology, Technische Universität München, Freising, Germany
| | - Simon Clare
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK
| | | | - Arthur Kaser
- Cambridge Institute of Therapeutic Immunology and Infectious Disease, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, and Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Alison Simmons
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Human Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Translational Gastroenterology Unit, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Jonathan N. Glickman
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Lynn Bry
- Massachusetts Host-Microbiome Center, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Philip Rosenstiel
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University and University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | | | - Matthew K. Waldor
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA
- Department of Microbiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston, MA
| | - John F. Baines
- Guest Group Evolutionary Medicine, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Biology, Plön, Germany
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Jerrold R. Turner
- Laboratory of Mucosal Barrier Pathobiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Richard S. Blumberg
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
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11
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Han Y, Jia R, Zhang J, Zhu Q, Wang X, Ji Q, Zhang W. Hypoxia Attenuates Colonic Innate Immune Response and Inhibits TLR4/NF-κB Signaling Pathway in Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Colonic Epithelial Injury Mice. J Interferon Cytokine Res 2023; 43:43-52. [PMID: 36603105 DOI: 10.1089/jir.2022.0194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
High altitude hypoxia can lead to a spectrum of gastrointestinal problems. As the first line of host immune defense, innate immune response in the intestinal mucosa plays a pivotal role in maintaining intestinal homeostasis and protecting against intestinal injury at high altitude. This study aimed to investigate the effect of hypoxia on the colonic mucosal barrier and toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)-mediated innate immune responses in the colon. The mice were exposed to a hypobaric chamber to simulate a 5,000 m plateau environment for 7 days, and the colonic mucosa changes were recorded. At the same time, the inflammation model was established by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to explore the effects of hypoxia on the TLR4/nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathway and its downstream inflammatory factors [tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and interferon (IFN)-γ] in the colon. We found that hypoxic exposure caused weight loss and structural disturbance of the colonic mucosa in mice. Compared with the control group, the protein levels of TLR4 [fold change (FC) = 0.75 versus FC = 0.23], MyD88 (FC = 0.80 versus FC = 0.30), TIR-domain-containing adaptor protein inducing interferon-β (TRIF: FC = 0.89 versus FC = 0.38), and NF-κB p65 (FC = 0.75 versus FC = 0.24) in the colon of mice in the hypobaric hypoxia group were significantly decreased. LPS-induced upregulation of the TLR4/NF-κB signaling and its downstream inflammatory factors was inhibited by hypoxia. Specifically, compared with the LPS group, the protein levels of TLR4 (FC = 1.18, FC = 0.86), MyD88 (FC = 1.20, FC = 0.80), TRIF (FC = 1.20, FC = 0.86), and NF-κB p65 (FC = 1.29, FC = 0.62) and the mRNA levels of IL-1β (FC = 7.38, FC = 5.06), IL-6 (FC = 16.06, FC = 9.22), and IFN-γ (FC = 2.01, FC = 1.16) were reduced in the hypobaric hypoxia plus LPS group. Our findings imply that hypoxia could lead to marked damage of the colonic mucosa and a reduction of TLR4-mediated colonic innate immune responses, potentially reducing host defense responses to colonic pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Han
- Research Center for High Altitude Medicine, Key Laboratory of High Altitude Medicine (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Application and Foundation for High Altitude Medicine Research in Qinghai Province (Qinghai-Utah Joint Research Key Lab for High Altitude Medicine), Qinghai University, Xining, China
| | - Ruhan Jia
- Research Center for High Altitude Medicine, Key Laboratory of High Altitude Medicine (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Application and Foundation for High Altitude Medicine Research in Qinghai Province (Qinghai-Utah Joint Research Key Lab for High Altitude Medicine), Qinghai University, Xining, China
| | - Jingxuan Zhang
- Research Center for High Altitude Medicine, Key Laboratory of High Altitude Medicine (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Application and Foundation for High Altitude Medicine Research in Qinghai Province (Qinghai-Utah Joint Research Key Lab for High Altitude Medicine), Qinghai University, Xining, China
| | - Qinfang Zhu
- Research Center for High Altitude Medicine, Key Laboratory of High Altitude Medicine (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Application and Foundation for High Altitude Medicine Research in Qinghai Province (Qinghai-Utah Joint Research Key Lab for High Altitude Medicine), Qinghai University, Xining, China
| | - Xiaozhou Wang
- Research Center for High Altitude Medicine, Key Laboratory of High Altitude Medicine (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Application and Foundation for High Altitude Medicine Research in Qinghai Province (Qinghai-Utah Joint Research Key Lab for High Altitude Medicine), Qinghai University, Xining, China
| | - Qiaorong Ji
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Research Center for High Altitude Medicine, Key Laboratory of High Altitude Medicine (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Application and Foundation for High Altitude Medicine Research in Qinghai Province (Qinghai-Utah Joint Research Key Lab for High Altitude Medicine), Qinghai University, Xining, China
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12
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Lun J, Zhang H, Guo J, Yu M, Fang J. Hypoxia inducible factor prolyl hydroxylases in inflammatory bowel disease. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1045997. [PMID: 37201028 PMCID: PMC10187758 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1045997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic disease that is characterized by intestinal inflammation. Epithelial damage and loss of intestinal barrier function are believed to be the hallmark pathologies of the disease. In IBD, the resident and infiltrating immune cells consume much oxygen, rendering the inflamed intestinal mucosa hypoxic. In hypoxia, the hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) is induced to cope with the lack of oxygen and protect intestinal barrier. Protein stability of HIF is tightly controlled by prolyl hydroxylases (PHDs). Stabilization of HIF through inhibition of PHDs is appearing as a new strategy of IBD treatment. Studies have shown that PHD-targeting is beneficial to the treatment of IBD. In this Review, we summarize the current understanding of the role of HIF and PHDs in IBD and discuss the therapeutic potential of targeting PHD-HIF pathway for IBD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Lun
- Department of Oncology, Cancer Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Hongwei Zhang
- Shandong Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Jinan, China
| | - Jing Guo
- Department of Oncology, Cancer Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Mengchao Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, China
| | - Jing Fang
- Department of Oncology, Cancer Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- *Correspondence: Jing Fang,
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13
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Bhat S, Rieder F. Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1-Alpha Stabilizers in the Treatment of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: Oxygen as a Novel IBD Therapy? J Crohns Colitis 2022; 16:1924-1932. [PMID: 35776532 DOI: 10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjac092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Despite the significant advances in the medical armamentarium for inflammatory bowel diseases [IBD], current treatment options have notable limitations. Durable remission rates remain low, loss of response is common, administration routes are largely parenteral for novel biologics, and medication safety remains a concern. This explains an ongoing unmet need for safe medications with novel mechanisms of action that are administered orally. In line with these criteria, hypoxia-inducible factor [HIF]-1α stabilizers, acting via inhibition of prolyl hydroxylase enzymes, are emerging as an innovative therapeutic strategy. We herein review the mechanism of action and available clinical data for HIF-1α stabilizers and their potential place in the future IBD treatment algorithm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shubha Bhat
- Department of Pharmacy, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.,Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition, Digestive Disease & Surgery Institute, Cleveland Clinic, OH, USA
| | - Florian Rieder
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition, Digestive Disease & Surgery Institute, Cleveland Clinic, OH, USA
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14
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Steiner CA, Cartwright IM, Taylor CT, Colgan SP. Hypoxia-inducible factor as a bridge between healthy barrier function, wound healing, and fibrosis. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2022; 323:C866-C878. [PMID: 35912990 PMCID: PMC9467472 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00227.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The healthy mammalian intestine is lined by a single layer of epithelial cells. These cells provide a selectively permeable barrier to luminal contents and normally do so in an efficient and effective manner. Barrier function in the healthy mucosa is provided via several mechanisms including epithelial junctional complexes, mucus production, as well as mucosal-derived antimicrobial proteins. As tissue metabolism is central to the maintenance of homeostasis in the mucosa, intestinal [Formula: see text] levels are uniquely low due to counter-current blood flow and the presence of the microbiota, resulting in the stabilization of the transcription factor hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF). Ongoing studies have revealed that HIF molds normal intestinal metabolism and is central to the coordination of barrier regulation during both homeostasis and active disease. During acute inflammation, HIF is central to controlling the rapid restitution of the epithelium consistent with normal wound healing responses. In contrast, HIF may also contribute to the fibrostenotic response associated with chronic, nonresolving inflammation. As such, HIF may function as a double-edged sword in the overall course of the inflammatory response. Here, we review recent literature on the contribution of HIF to mucosal barrier function, wound healing, and fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Calen A Steiner
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
- Department of Medicine and the Mucosal Inflammation Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Ian M Cartwright
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
- Department of Medicine and the Mucosal Inflammation Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado
- Rocky Mountain Regional Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Cormac T Taylor
- School of Medicine, Conway Institute and Systems Biology Ireland, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Sean P Colgan
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
- Department of Medicine and the Mucosal Inflammation Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado
- Rocky Mountain Regional Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Aurora, Colorado
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15
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Clayton DB, Tong CMC, Li B, Taylor AS, De S, Mason MD, Dudley AG, Davidoff O, Kobayashi H, Haase VH. Inhibition of hypoxia-inducible factor-prolyl hydroxylation protects from cyclophosphamide-induced bladder injury and urinary dysfunction. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2022; 323:F81-F91. [PMID: 35499237 PMCID: PMC9236868 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00344.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Disruption of the blood-urine barrier can result in acute or chronic inflammatory bladder injury. Activation of the oxygen-regulated hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) pathway has been shown to protect mucosal membranes by increasing the expression of cytoprotective genes and by suppressing inflammation. The activity of HIF is controlled by prolyl hydroxylase domain (PHD) dioxygenases, which have been exploited as therapeutic targets for the treatment of anemia of chronic kidney disease. Here, we established a mouse model of acute cyclophosphamide (CYP)-induced blood-urine barrier disruption associated with inflammation and severe urinary dysfunction to investigate the HIF-PHD axis in inflammatory bladder injury. We found that systemic administration of dimethyloxalylglycine or molidustat, two small-molecule inhibitors of HIF-prolyl hydroxylases, profoundly mitigated CYP-induced bladder injury and inflammation as assessed by morphological analysis of transmural edema and urothelial integrity and by measuring tissue cytokine expression. Void spot analysis to examine bladder function quantitatively demonstrated that HIF-prolyl hydroxylase inhibitor administration normalized micturition patterns and protected against CYP-induced alteration of urinary frequency and micturition patterns. Our study highlights the therapeutic potential of HIF-activating small-molecule compounds for the prevention or therapy of bladder injury and urinary dysfunction due to blood-urine barrier disruption.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Disruption of the blood-urine barrier can result in acute or chronic inflammatory bladder injury. Here, we demonstrate that pharmacological inhibition of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-prolyl hydroxylation prevented bladder injury and protected from urinary dysfunction in a mouse model of cyclophosphamide-induced disruption of the blood-urine barrier. Our study highlights a potential role for HIF-activating small-molecule compounds in the prevention or therapy of bladder injury and urinary dysfunction and provides a rationale for future clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglass B Clayton
- Division of Pediatric Urology, Department of Urology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Ching Man Carmen Tong
- Division of Pediatric Urology, Department of Urology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Belinda Li
- Division of Pediatric Urology, Department of Urology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Abby S Taylor
- Division of Pediatric Urology, Department of Urology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Shuvro De
- Division of Pediatric Urology, Department of Urology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Matthew D Mason
- Division of Pediatric Urology, Department of Urology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Anne G Dudley
- Division of Pediatric Urology, Department of Urology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Olena Davidoff
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
- Medical and Research Services, Department of Veterans Affairs Hospital, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Hanako Kobayashi
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
- Medical and Research Services, Department of Veterans Affairs Hospital, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Volker H Haase
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
- Medical and Research Services, Department of Veterans Affairs Hospital, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, Tennessee
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
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16
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Schmid F, Chao CM, Däbritz J. Pathophysiological Concepts and Management of Pulmonary Manifestation of Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23137287. [PMID: 35806292 PMCID: PMC9266732 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23137287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary manifestation (PM) of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in children is a rare condition. The exact pathogenesis is still unclear, but several explanatory concepts were postulated and several case reports in children were published. We performed a systematic Medline search between April 1976 and April 2022. Different pathophysiological concepts were identified, including the shared embryological origin, “miss-homing” of intestinal based neutrophils and T lymphocytes, inflammatory triggering via certain molecules (tripeptide proline-glycine-proline, interleukin 25), genetic factors and alterations in the microbiome. Most pediatric IBD patients with PM are asymptomatic, but can show alterations in pulmonary function tests and breathing tests. In children, the pulmonary parenchyma is more affected than the airways, leading histologically mainly to organizing pneumonia. Medication-associated lung injury has to be considered in pulmonary symptomatic pediatric IBD patients treated with certain agents (i.e., mesalamine, sulfasalazine or infliximab). Furthermore, the risk of pulmonary embolism is generally increased in pediatric IBD patients. The initial treatment of PM is based on corticosteroids, either inhaled for the larger airways or systemic for smaller airways and parenchymal disease. In summary, this review article summarizes the current knowledge about PM in pediatric IBD patients, focusing on pathophysiological and clinical aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Schmid
- Catholic Children’s Hospital Wilhelmstift, 22149 Hamburg, Germany;
| | - Cho-Ming Chao
- Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Rostock, 18057 Rostock, Germany;
- Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), University of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), German Center of Lung Research (DZL), Justus-Liebig-University, 35398 Giessen, Germany
| | - Jan Däbritz
- Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Greifswald, 17475 Greifswald, Germany
- Correspondence:
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17
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Hari S, Burns GL, Hoedt EC, Keely S, Talley NJ. Eosinophils, Hypoxia-Inducible Factors, and Barrier Dysfunction in Functional Dyspepsia. FRONTIERS IN ALLERGY 2022; 3:851482. [PMID: 35769556 PMCID: PMC9234913 DOI: 10.3389/falgy.2022.851482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Functional dyspepsia (FD) is a highly prevalent disorder of gut-brain interaction (DGBI), previously known as a functional gastrointestinal disorder. Characterized by early satiety, postprandial fullness, and/or epigastric pain or burning, diagnosis depends on positive symptomatology and exclusion of obvious structural diseases. A subtle inflammatory phenotype has been identified in FD patients, involving an increase in duodenal mucosal eosinophils, and imbalances in the duodenal gut microbiota. A dysregulated epithelial barrier has also been well described in FD and is thought to be a contributing factor to the low-grade duodenal inflammation observed, however the mechanisms underpinning this are poorly understood. One possible explanation is that alterations in the microbiota and increased immune cells can result in the activation of cellular stress response pathways to perpetuate epithelial barrier dysregulation. One such cellular response pathway involves the stabilization of hypoxia-inducible factors (HIF). HIF, a transcriptional protein involved in the cellular recognition and adaptation to hypoxia, has been identified as a critical component of various pathologies, from cancer to inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). While the contribution of HIF to subtle inflammation, such as that seen in FD, is unknown, HIF has been shown to have roles in regulating the inflammatory response, particularly the recruitment of eosinophils, as well as maintaining epithelial barrier structure and function. As such, we aim to review our present understanding of the involvement of eosinophils, barrier dysfunction, and the changes to the gut microbiota including the potential pathways and mechanisms of HIF in FD. A combination of PubMed searches using the Mesh terms functional dyspepsia, functional gastrointestinal disorders, disorders of gut-brain interaction, duodenal eosinophilia, barrier dysfunction, gut microbiota, gut dysbiosis, low-grade duodenal inflammation, hypoxia-inducible factors (or HIF), and/or intestinal inflammation were undertaken in the writing of this narrative review to ensure relevant literature was included. Given the findings from various sources of literature, we propose a novel hypothesis involving a potential role for HIF in the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying FD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suraj Hari
- Tasmanian School of Medicine, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia
- NHMRC Centre of Research Excellence in Digestive Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Grace L. Burns
- NHMRC Centre of Research Excellence in Digestive Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Emily C. Hoedt
- NHMRC Centre of Research Excellence in Digestive Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Simon Keely
- NHMRC Centre of Research Excellence in Digestive Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Nicholas J. Talley
- NHMRC Centre of Research Excellence in Digestive Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
- School of Medicine and Public Health, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
- *Correspondence: Nicholas J. Talley
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18
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Gao Y, Jiang X, Yang D, Guo W, Wang D, Gong K, Peng Y, Jiang H, Shi C, Duan Y, Chen Y, Han J, Yang X. Roxadustat, a Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1α Activator, Attenuates Both Long- and Short-Term Alcohol-Induced Alcoholic Liver Disease. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:895710. [PMID: 35620283 PMCID: PMC9127324 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.895710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is a worldwide healthcare problem featured by inflammation, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and lipid dysregulation. Roxadustat is used for chronic kidney disease anemia treatment. As a specific inhibitor of prolyl hydroxylase, it can maintain high levels of hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α), through which it can further influence many important pathways, including the three featured in ALD. However, its effects on ALD remain to be elucidated. In this study, we used chronic and acute ALD mouse models to investigate the protective effects of roxadustat in vivo. Our results showed that long- and short-term alcohol exposure caused rising activities of serum transaminases, liver lipid accumulation, and morphology changes, which were reversed by roxadustat. Roxadustat-reduced fatty liver was mainly contributed by the reducing sterol-responsive element-binding protein 1c (SREBP1c) pathway, and enhancing β-oxidation through inducing peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα) and carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1A (CPT1A) expression. Long-term alcohol treatment induced the infiltration of monocytes/macrophages to hepatocytes, as well as inflammatory cytokine expression, which were also blocked by roxadustat. Moreover, roxadustat attenuated alcohol caused ROS generation in the liver of those two mouse models mainly by reducing cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) and enhancing superoxidase dismutase 1 (SOD1) expression. In vitro, we found roxadustat reduced inflammation and lipid accumulation mainly via HIF-1α regulation. Taken together, our study demonstrates that activation of HIF-1α can ameliorate ALD, which is contributed by reduced hepatic lipid synthesis, inflammation, and oxidative stress. This study suggested that roxadustat could be a potential drug for ALD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongyao Gao
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Regulation for Major Diseases of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, College of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China
| | - Xiaomeng Jiang
- Zhejiang Jianfeng Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Jinhua, China
| | - Daigang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Regulation for Major Diseases of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, College of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China
| | - Wentong Guo
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Regulation for Major Diseases of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, College of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China
| | - Dandan Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Ke Gong
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Regulation for Major Diseases of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, College of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China
| | - Ying Peng
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Regulation for Major Diseases of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, College of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China
| | - Hong Jiang
- Zhejiang Jianfeng Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Jinhua, China
| | - Cunyuan Shi
- Zhejiang Jianfeng Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Jinhua, China
| | - Yajun Duan
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Regulation for Major Diseases of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, College of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China
| | - Yuanli Chen
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Regulation for Major Diseases of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, College of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China
| | - Jihong Han
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Regulation for Major Diseases of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, College of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China.,College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials of Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Yang
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Regulation for Major Diseases of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, College of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China
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19
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Liu L, Xu W, Kong P, Dou Y. The relationships among gut microbiota, hypoxia‐inducible factor and anemia with chronic kidney disease. Nephrology (Carlton) 2022; 27:851-858. [PMID: 35603584 DOI: 10.1111/nep.14064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lifen Liu
- Nephrology Department Zhengzhou University First Affiliated Hospital, NO.1 Jianshe Eastern Road, Erqi District Zhengzhou Henan China
| | - Wenwen Xu
- Nephrology Department Zhengzhou University First Affiliated Hospital, NO.1 Jianshe Eastern Road, Erqi District Zhengzhou Henan China
| | - Pingping Kong
- Nephrology Department Zhengzhou University First Affiliated Hospital, NO.1 Jianshe Eastern Road, Erqi District Zhengzhou Henan China
| | - Yanna Dou
- Nephrology Department Zhengzhou University First Affiliated Hospital, NO.1 Jianshe Eastern Road, Erqi District Zhengzhou Henan China
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20
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Lei X, Teng W, Fan Y, Zhu Y, Yao L, Li Y, Zhu S. The protective effects of HIF-1α activation on sepsis induced intestinal mucosal barrier injury in rats model of sepsis. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0268445. [PMID: 35576220 PMCID: PMC9109928 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0268445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The integrity of the intestinal barrier is critical for protecting the host against the pathogen. The role of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) in the intestinal barrier disfunction related to sepsis remained unclear. The purpose of the present study is to investigate the role of HIF-1α on oxidative damage, the intestinal mucosal permeability, structural and morphological changes during sepsis. Twenty-four Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into four groups of 6 rats each: the sham group (sham), sepsis group (subjected to cecal ligation and perforation, CLP), sepsis + DMOG group (40 mg/kg of DMOG by intraperitoneal injection for 7 consecutive days before CLP), and sepsis + BAY 87–2243 group (9 mg/kg of BAY 87–2243 orally administered for 3 consecutive days before CLP). Sepsis increased plasma levels of inflammatory mediators, oxidative stress markers and HIF-1α expression; caused pathological damage; increased permeability (P < 0.05); and decreased TJ protein expression in the intestinal mucosa of rats with sepsis (P < 0.05). The addition of DMOG up-regulated HIF-1α, then decreased the plasma levels of inflammatory mediators, oxidative stress markers, alleviated pathological damage to the intestinal mucosa and decreased intestinal permeability (P < 0.05); while BAY 87–2243 treatment had the opposite effects. Our findings showed that HIF-1α protects the intestinal barrier function of septic rats by inhibiting intestinal inflammation and oxidative damage, our results provide a novel insight for developing sepsis treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuzhen Lei
- Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wenbin Teng
- Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ying Fan
- Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yeke Zhu
- Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Liuxu Yao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shaoxing People’s Hospital, Shaoxing University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yuhong Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shulan (Hangzhou) Hospital, Shulan International Medical College, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- * E-mail: (YL); (SZ)
| | - Shengmei Zhu
- Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- * E-mail: (YL); (SZ)
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21
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Danese S, Levesque BG, Feagan BG, Jucov A, Bhandari BR, Pai RK, Taylor Meadows K, Kirby BJ, Bruey J, Olson A, Osterhout R, Van Biene C, Ford J, Aranda R, Raghupathi K, Sandborn WJ. Randomised clinical trial: a phase 1b study of GB004, an oral HIF-1α stabiliser, for treatment of ulcerative colitis. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2022; 55:401-411. [PMID: 35014040 PMCID: PMC9305136 DOI: 10.1111/apt.16753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epithelial barrier dysfunction contributes to a dysregulated intestinal immune response in ulcerative colitis (UC). GB004 is an orally administered, small molecule, gut-targeted stabiliser of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α, a transcription factor with protective roles at the epithelial layer of the inflamed gut. AIMS To evaluate safety, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics and efficacy of GB004 in patients with active UC. METHODS This double-blind, placebo-controlled study randomised patients 2:1 to receive an oral solution of GB004 120 mg or placebo once daily for 28 days. Eligible patients had a Robarts Histopathology Index score ≥4 with neutrophils in the epithelium, total Mayo Clinic score 3-12, Mayo Clinic endoscopic subscore ≥1, and blood in the stool, despite treatment with 5-aminosalicylates, corticosteroids or immunosuppressants. RESULTS Thirty-four patients were randomised. GB004 120 mg for 28 days was generally well-tolerated. Adverse events occurred in 27.3% (3/11) and 39.1% (9/23) of patients in the placebo and GB004 groups respectively. Nausea and dysgeusia were most commonly reported in the GB004 group (0% for placebo and 21.7% [5/23] and 13.0% [3/23] respectively for GB004). There were no treatment-related serious adverse events or deaths. GB004 exhibited minimal accumulation, with higher colonic concentrations relative to plasma. Exploratory pharmacodynamic and efficacy analyses demonstrated GB004 target engagement and numerically higher proportions of patients achieving improvement in multiple measures of disease activity, respectively, at day 28 for GB004 compared to placebo. CONCLUSION Results from this phase 1b trial support evaluation of the full therapeutic potential of GB004 for the treatment of UC. A phase 2 study (NCT04556383) is ongoing. Clinicaltrials.gov NCT03860896.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvio Danese
- Gastroenterology and EndoscopyIRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele and University Vita‐Salute, San RaffaeleMilanItaly
| | | | - Brian G. Feagan
- Departments of Medicine and Epidemiology and BiostatisticsUniversity of Western OntarioLondonOntarioCanada
| | - Alina Jucov
- ARENSIA Exploratory Medicine GmbHDüsseldorfGermany,Nicolae Testemitanu State University of Medicine and PharmacyChişinăuMoldova
| | | | - Rish K. Pai
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and PathologyMayo ClinicPhoenixArizonaUSA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Julia Ford
- Gossamer Bio, Inc.San DiegoCaliforniaUSA
| | | | | | - William J. Sandborn
- Division of GastroenterologyUniversity of California San DiegoLa JollaCaliforniaUSA
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22
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Piotrowska M, Binienda A, Fichna J. The role of fatty acids in Crohn's disease pathophysiology - An overview. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2021; 538:111448. [PMID: 34480991 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2021.111448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Crohn's disease (CD) is an inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) which is characterized by chronic and relapsing inflammation of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. The etiology of CD is unknown, but factors such as epithelial barrier dysfunction, immune system imbalance, microbiota dysbiosis and environmental influences are thought to be involved in its pathogenesis. Recent studies have shown that short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and long chain fatty acids (LCFAs) play a vital role in pathophysiology and development of CD by various mechanisms affecting pro- and anti-inflammatory mediators, and maintaining the intestinal homeostasis and regulation of gene expression. SCFAs and LCFAs activate signaling cascades that control immune functions through interaction with cell surface free fatty acid receptors (FFARs), i.e. FFAR1, FFAR2, FFAR3, and FFAR4. This review highlights the role of fatty acids in maintenance of intestinal and immune homeostasis and supports the supplementation of fatty acids as a promising adjunctive treatment for CD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Piotrowska
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, 92-215, Lodz, Poland.
| | - Agata Binienda
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, 92-215, Lodz, Poland.
| | - Jakub Fichna
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, 92-215, Lodz, Poland.
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23
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De Galan C, De Vos M, Hindryckx P, Laukens D, Van Welden S. Long-Term Environmental Hypoxia Exposure and Haematopoietic Prolyl Hydroxylase-1 Deletion Do Not Impact Experimental Crohn's Like Ileitis. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:biology10090887. [PMID: 34571764 PMCID: PMC8464968 DOI: 10.3390/biology10090887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Hypoxia-induced signalling represents an important contributor to inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) pathophysiology. However, available data solely focus on colonic inflammation while the primary disease location in Crohn’s disease patients is the terminal ileum. Therefore, we explored the effects of environmental hypoxia and immune cell-specific deletion of oxygen sensor prolyl hydroxylase (PHD) 1 in a Crohn’s like ileitis mouse model. Five-week-old TNF∆ARE/+ mice and wildtype (WT) littermates were housed in normoxia (21% O2) or hypoxia (8% O2) for 10 weeks. Although environmental hypoxia increased both systemic as ileal markers of hypoxia, the body weight evolution in both WT and TNF∆ARE/+ mice was not affected. Interestingly, hypoxia did increase circulatory monocytes, ileal mononuclear phagocytes and proinflammatory cytokine expression in WT mice. However, no histological or inflammatory gene expression differences in the ileum could be identified between TNF∆ARE/+ mice housed in hypoxia versus normoxia nor between TNF∆ARE/+ and WT mice with additional loss of immune cell-specific Phd1 expression. This is the first study showing that long-term environmental hypoxia or haematopoietic Phd1-deletion does not impact experimental ileitis. Therefore, it strongly questions whether targeting hypoxia-induced signalling via currently available PHD inhibitors would exert an immune suppressive effect in IBD patients with ileal inflammation. Abstract Environmental hypoxia and hypoxia-induced signalling in the gut influence inflammatory bowel disease pathogenesis, however data is limited to colitis. Hence, we investigated the effect of environmental hypoxia and immune cell-specific deletion of oxygen sensor prolyl hydroxylase (PHD) 1 in a Crohn’s like ileitis mouse model. Therefore, 5-week-old C57/BL6 TNF∆ARE/+ mice and wildtype (WT) littermates were housed in normoxia (21% O2) or hypoxia (8% O2) for 10 weeks. Systemic inflammation was assessed by haematology. Distal ileal hypoxia was evaluated by pimonidazole staining. The ileitis degree was scored on histology, characterized via qPCR and validated in haematopoietic Phd1-deficient TNF∆ARE/+ mice. Our results demonstrated that hypoxia did not impact body weight evolution in WT and TNF∆ARE/+ mice. Hypoxia increased red blood cell count, haemoglobin, haematocrit and increased pimonidazole intensity in the ileum. Interestingly, hypoxia evoked an increase in circulatory monocytes, ileal mononuclear phagocytes and proinflammatory cytokine expression in WT mice. Despite these alterations, no histological or ileal gene expression differences could be identified between TNF∆ARE/+ mice housed in hypoxia versus normoxia nor between haematopoietic Phd1-deficient TNF∆ARE/+ and their WT counterparts. Therefore, we demonstrated for the first time that long-term environmental hypoxia or haematopoietic Phd1-deletion does not impact experimental ileitis development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cara De Galan
- Department of Internal Medicine and Paediatrics, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (C.D.G.); (M.D.V.); (P.H.); (D.L.)
- Ghent Gut Inflammation Group (GGIG), Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Centre for Inflammation Research, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Martine De Vos
- Department of Internal Medicine and Paediatrics, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (C.D.G.); (M.D.V.); (P.H.); (D.L.)
- Ghent Gut Inflammation Group (GGIG), Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Pieter Hindryckx
- Department of Internal Medicine and Paediatrics, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (C.D.G.); (M.D.V.); (P.H.); (D.L.)
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ghent University Hospital, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Debby Laukens
- Department of Internal Medicine and Paediatrics, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (C.D.G.); (M.D.V.); (P.H.); (D.L.)
- Ghent Gut Inflammation Group (GGIG), Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Centre for Inflammation Research, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Sophie Van Welden
- Department of Internal Medicine and Paediatrics, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (C.D.G.); (M.D.V.); (P.H.); (D.L.)
- Ghent Gut Inflammation Group (GGIG), Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Centre for Inflammation Research, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +32-9-332-58-30
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24
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Lum GR, Mercado V, van Ens D, Nizet V, Kimmey JM, Patras KA. Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1 Alpha Is Dispensable for Host Defense of Group B Streptococcus Colonization and Infection. J Innate Immun 2021; 13:391-403. [PMID: 34023827 PMCID: PMC8613573 DOI: 10.1159/000515739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Group B Streptococcus (GBS) is a leading cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality, and the primary source of exposure is the maternal vagina. Intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis for GBS-positive mothers has reduced the incidence of GBS early-onset disease, however, potential long-lasting influence of an antibiotic-altered neonatal microbiota, and the frequent clinical sequelae in survivors of invasive GBS infection, compels alternative treatment options for GBS. Here, we examined the role of transcription factor hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF-1α), widely recognized as a regulator of immune activation during infection, in the host response to GBS. Given the importance of endogenous HIF-1α for innate immune defense, and the potential utility of HIF-1α stabilization in promoting bacterial clearance, we hypothesized that HIF-1α could play an important role in coordinating host responses to GBS in colonization and systemic disease. Counter to our hypothesis, we found that GBS infection did not induce HIF-1α expression in vaginal epithelial cells or murine macrophages, nor did HIF-1α deficiency alter GBS colonization or pathogenesis in vivo. Furthermore, pharmacological enhancement of HIF-1α did not improve control of GBS in pathogenesis and colonization models, while displaying inhibitory effects in vaginal epithelial cytokines and immune cell killing in vitro. Taken together, we conclude that HIF-1α is not a prominent aspect of the host response to GBS colonization or invasive disease, and its pharmacological modulation is unlikely to provide significant benefit against this important neonatal pathogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory R Lum
- Division of Host-Microbe Systems & Therapeutics, Department of Pediatrics, UC San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Vicki Mercado
- Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Diede van Ens
- Division of Host-Microbe Systems & Therapeutics, Department of Pediatrics, UC San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Victor Nizet
- Division of Host-Microbe Systems & Therapeutics, Department of Pediatrics, UC San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA.,Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, UC San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Jacqueline M Kimmey
- Division of Host-Microbe Systems & Therapeutics, Department of Pediatrics, UC San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA.,Department of Microbiology and Environmental Toxicology, UC Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, California, USA
| | - Kathryn A Patras
- Division of Host-Microbe Systems & Therapeutics, Department of Pediatrics, UC San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA.,Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.,Alkek Center for Metagenomics and Microbiome Research, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
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25
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Gojkovic M, Cunha PP, Darmasaputra GS, Barbieri L, Rundqvist H, Veliça P, Johnson RS. Oxygen-Mediated Suppression of CD8+ T Cell Proliferation by Macrophages: Role of Pharmacological Inhibitors of HIF Degradation. Front Immunol 2021; 12:633586. [PMID: 34054802 PMCID: PMC8153186 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.633586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Myeloid cell interactions with cells of the adaptive immune system are an essential aspect of immunity. A key aspect of that interrelationship is its modulation by the microenvironment. Oxygen is known to influence myelosuppression of T cell activation in part via the Hypoxia inducible (HIF) transcription factors. A number of drugs that act on the HIF pathway are currently in clinical use and it is important to evaluate how they act on immune cell function as part of a better understanding of how they will influence patient outcomes. We show here that increased activation of the HIF pathway, either through deletion of the negative regulator of HIF, the von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) gene, in myeloid cells, or through pharmacological inhibitors of VHL-mediated degradation of HIF, potently suppresses T cell proliferation in myeloid cell/T cell culture. These data demonstrate that both pharmacological and genetic activation of HIF in myeloid cells can suppress adaptive cell immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milos Gojkovic
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Pedro P. Cunha
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Laura Barbieri
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Helene Rundqvist
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Pedro Veliça
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Randall S. Johnson
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Physiology Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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26
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Hirota K. HIF-α Prolyl Hydroxylase Inhibitors and Their Implications for Biomedicine: A Comprehensive Review. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9050468. [PMID: 33923349 PMCID: PMC8146675 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9050468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxygen is essential for the maintenance of the body. Living organisms have evolved systems to secure an oxygen environment to be proper. Hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) plays an essential role in this process; it is a transcription factor that mediates erythropoietin (EPO) induction at the transcriptional level under hypoxic environment. After successful cDNA cloning in 1995, a line of studies were conducted for elucidating the molecular mechanism of HIF activation in response to hypoxia. In 2001, cDNA cloning of dioxygenases acting on prolines and asparagine residues, which play essential roles in this process, was reported. HIF-prolyl hydroxylases (PHs) are molecules that constitute the core molecular mechanism of detecting a decrease in the partial pressure of oxygen, or hypoxia, in the cells; they can be called oxygen sensors. In this review, I discuss the process of molecular cloning of HIF and HIF-PH, which explains hypoxia-induced EPO expression; the development of HIF-PH inhibitors that artificially or exogenously activate HIF by inhibiting HIF-PH; and the significance and implications of medical intervention using HIF-PH inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiichi Hirota
- Department of Human Stress Response Science, Institute of Biomedical Science, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Osaka 573-1010, Japan
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27
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Goggins BJ, Minahan K, Sherwin S, Soh WS, Pryor J, Bruce J, Liu G, Mathe A, Knight D, Horvat JC, Walker MM, Keely S. Pharmacological HIF-1 stabilization promotes intestinal epithelial healing through regulation of α-integrin expression and function. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2021; 320:G420-G438. [PMID: 33470153 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00192.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Intestinal epithelia are critical for maintaining gastrointestinal homeostasis. Epithelial barrier injury, causing inflammation and vascular damage, results in inflammatory hypoxia, and thus, healing occurs in an oxygen-restricted environment. The transcription factor hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1 regulates genes important for cell survival and repair, including the cell adhesion protein β1-integrin. Integrins function as αβ-dimers, and α-integrin-matrix binding is critical for cell migration. We hypothesized that HIF-1 stabilization accelerates epithelial migration through integrin-dependent pathways. We aimed to examine functional and posttranslational activity of α-integrins during HIF-1-mediated intestinal epithelial healing. Wound healing was assessed in T84 monolayers over 24 h with/without prolyl-hydroxylase inhibitor (PHDi) (GB-004), which stabilizes HIF-1. Gene and protein expression were measured by RT-PCR and immunoblot, and α-integrin localization was assessed by immunofluorescence. α-integrin function was assessed by antibody-mediated blockade, and integrin α6 regulation was determined by HIF-1α chromatin immunoprecipitation. Models of mucosal wounding and 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (TNBS)-induced colitis were used to examine integrin expression and localization in vivo. PHDi treatment accelerated wound closure and migration within 12 h, associated with increased integrin α2 and α6 protein, but not α3. Functional blockade of integrins α2 and α6 inhibited PHDi-mediated accelerated wound closure. HIF-1 bound directly to the integrin α6 promoter. PHDi treatment accelerated mucosal healing, which was associated with increased α6 immunohistochemical staining in wound-associated epithelium and wound-adjacent tissue. PHDi treatment increased α6 protein levels in colonocytes of TNBS mice and induced α6 staining in regenerating crypts and reepithelialized inflammatory lesions. Together, these data demonstrate a role for HIF-1 in regulating both integrin α2 and α6 responses during intestinal epithelial healing.NEW & NOTEWORTHY HIF-1 plays an important role in epithelial restitution, selectively inducing integrins α6 and α2 to promote migration and proliferation, respectively. HIF-stabilizing prolyl-hydroxylase inhibitors accelerate intestinal mucosal healing by inducing epithelial integrin expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bridie J Goggins
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales, Australia
- Gastrointestinal Research Group, University of Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
- Priority Research Centre for Digestive Health and Neurogastroenterology, Hunter Medical Research Institute and University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Kyra Minahan
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales, Australia
- Gastrointestinal Research Group, University of Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
- Priority Research Centre for Digestive Health and Neurogastroenterology, Hunter Medical Research Institute and University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Simonne Sherwin
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales, Australia
- Gastrointestinal Research Group, University of Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
- Priority Research Centre for Digestive Health and Neurogastroenterology, Hunter Medical Research Institute and University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Wai S Soh
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales, Australia
- Gastrointestinal Research Group, University of Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
- Priority Research Centre for Digestive Health and Neurogastroenterology, Hunter Medical Research Institute and University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jennifer Pryor
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales, Australia
- Gastrointestinal Research Group, University of Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
- Priority Research Centre for Digestive Health and Neurogastroenterology, Hunter Medical Research Institute and University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jessica Bruce
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales, Australia
- Gastrointestinal Research Group, University of Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
- Priority Research Centre for Digestive Health and Neurogastroenterology, Hunter Medical Research Institute and University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Gang Liu
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales, Australia
- Gastrointestinal Research Group, University of Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
- Priority Research Centre for Digestive Health and Neurogastroenterology, Hunter Medical Research Institute and University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Andrea Mathe
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales, Australia
- Gastrointestinal Research Group, University of Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
- Priority Research Centre for Digestive Health and Neurogastroenterology, Hunter Medical Research Institute and University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Darryl Knight
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jay C Horvat
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Marjorie M Walker
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales, Australia
- Priority Research Centre for Digestive Health and Neurogastroenterology, Hunter Medical Research Institute and University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Simon Keely
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales, Australia
- Gastrointestinal Research Group, University of Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
- Priority Research Centre for Digestive Health and Neurogastroenterology, Hunter Medical Research Institute and University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
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28
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Simmen S, Maane M, Rogler S, Baebler K, Lang S, Cosin-Roger J, Atrott K, Frey-Wagner I, Spielmann P, Wenger RH, Weder B, Zeitz J, Vavricka SR, Rogler G, de Vallière C, Hausmann M, Ruiz PA. Hypoxia Reduces the Transcription of Fibrotic Markers in the Intestinal Mucosa. Inflamm Intest Dis 2021; 6:87-100. [PMID: 34124180 DOI: 10.1159/000513061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Intestinal fibrosis, characterized by excessive deposition of extracellular matrix proteins, is a common and severe clinical complication of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). However, the mechanisms underlying fibrosis remain elusive, and currently, there are limited effective pharmacologic treatments that target the development of fibrosis. Hypoxia is one of the key microenvironmental factors influencing intestinal inflammation and has been linked to fibrosis. Objective In the present study, we sought to elucidate the impact of hypoxia on fibrotic gene expression in the intestinal mucosa. Methods Human volunteers, IBD patients, and dextran sulphate sodium-treated mice were exposed to hypoxia, and colonic biopsies were collected. The human intestinal epithelial cell line Caco-2, human THP-1 macrophages, and primary human gut fibroblasts were subjected to hypoxia, and changes in fibrotic gene expression were assessed. Results Human volunteers subjected to hypoxia presented reduced transcriptional levels of fibrotic and epithelial-mesenchymal transition markers in the intestinal mucosa. IBD patients showed a trend towards a decrease in tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1 protein expression. In mice, hypoxic conditions reduced the colonic expression of several collagens and matrix metalloproteinases. Hypoxic Caco-2 cells, THP-1 cells, and primary gut fibroblasts showed a significant downregulation in the expression of fibrotic and tissue remodelling factors. Conclusions Stabilization of hypoxia-inducible factors might represent a novel therapeutic approach for the treatment of IBD-associated fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Simmen
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Max Maane
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sarah Rogler
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Katherina Baebler
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Silvia Lang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jesus Cosin-Roger
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Kirstin Atrott
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Isabelle Frey-Wagner
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Partick Spielmann
- Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology (ZIHP), University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Roland H Wenger
- Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology (ZIHP), University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Bruce Weder
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jonas Zeitz
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Center of Gastroenterology, Clinic Hirslanden, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Stephan R Vavricka
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Gerhard Rogler
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology (ZIHP), University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Cheryl de Vallière
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Martin Hausmann
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Pedro A Ruiz
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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29
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Chen Y, Gaber T. Hypoxia/HIF Modulates Immune Responses. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9030260. [PMID: 33808042 PMCID: PMC8000289 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9030260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxygen availability varies throughout the human body in health and disease. Under physiological conditions, oxygen availability drops from the lungs over the blood stream towards the different tissues into the cells and the mitochondrial cavities leading to physiological low oxygen conditions or physiological hypoxia in all organs including primary lymphoid organs. Moreover, immune cells travel throughout the body searching for damaged cells and foreign antigens facing a variety of oxygen levels. Consequently, physiological hypoxia impacts immune cell function finally controlling innate and adaptive immune response mainly by transcriptional regulation via hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs). Under pathophysiological conditions such as found in inflammation, injury, infection, ischemia and cancer, severe hypoxia can alter immune cells leading to dysfunctional immune response finally leading to tissue damage, cancer progression and autoimmunity. Here we summarize the effects of physiological and pathophysiological hypoxia on innate and adaptive immune activity, we provide an overview on the control of immune response by cellular hypoxia-induced pathways with focus on the role of HIFs and discuss the opportunity to target hypoxia-sensitive pathways for the treatment of cancer and autoimmunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuling Chen
- Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Ember of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany;
| | - Timo Gaber
- Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Ember of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany;
- German Rheumatism Research Centre (DRFZ) Berlin, a Leibniz Institute, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-30-450-513364
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30
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Kim YI, Yi EJ, Kim YD, Lee AR, Chung J, Ha HC, Cho JM, Kim SR, Ko HJ, Cheon JH, Hong YR, Chang SY. Local Stabilization of Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1α Controls Intestinal Inflammation via Enhanced Gut Barrier Function and Immune Regulation. Front Immunol 2021; 11:609689. [PMID: 33519819 PMCID: PMC7840603 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.609689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Intestinal epithelial cells are adapted in mucosal hypoxia and hypoxia-inducible factors in these cells can fortify barrier integrity to support mucosal tissue healing. Here we investigated whether hypoxia-related pathways could be proposed as potential therapeutic targets for inflammatory bowel disease. We developed a novel hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) prolyl hydroxylase inhibitor, CG-598 which stabilized HIF-1α in the gut tissue. Treatment of CG-598 did not affect extra-intestinal organs or cause any significant adverse effects such as erythropoiesis. In the experimental murine colitis model, CG-598 ameliorated intestinal inflammation with reduction of inflammatory lesions and pro-inflammatory cytokines. CG-598 treatment fortified barrier function by increasing the expression of intestinal trefoil factor, CD73, E-cadherin and mucin. Also, IL-10 and IL-22 were induced from lamina propria CD4+ T-cells. The effectiveness of CG-598 was comparable to other immunosuppressive therapeutics such as TNF-blockers or JAK inhibitors. These results suggest that CG-598 could be a promising therapeutic candidate to treat inflammatory bowel disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-In Kim
- Laboratory of Microbiology, College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Eun-Je Yi
- Laboratory of Microbiology, College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Young-Dae Kim
- Institute for Drug Discovery, CrystalGenomics, Inc., Seongnam-si, South Korea
| | - A Reum Lee
- Institute for Drug Discovery, CrystalGenomics, Inc., Seongnam-si, South Korea
| | - Jiwoung Chung
- Institute for Drug Discovery, CrystalGenomics, Inc., Seongnam-si, South Korea
| | - Hae Chan Ha
- Institute for Drug Discovery, CrystalGenomics, Inc., Seongnam-si, South Korea
| | - Joong Myung Cho
- Institute for Drug Discovery, CrystalGenomics, Inc., Seongnam-si, South Korea
| | - Seong-Ryeol Kim
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon-si, South Korea
| | - Hyun-Jeong Ko
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon-si, South Korea
| | - Jae-Hee Cheon
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yong Rae Hong
- Institute for Drug Discovery, CrystalGenomics, Inc., Seongnam-si, South Korea
| | - Sun-Young Chang
- Laboratory of Microbiology, College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon, South Korea
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31
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Mechanisms controlling bacterial infection in myeloid cells under hypoxic conditions. Cell Mol Life Sci 2020; 78:1887-1907. [PMID: 33125509 PMCID: PMC7966188 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-020-03684-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Various factors of the tissue microenvironment such as the oxygen concentration influence the host-pathogen interaction. During the past decade, hypoxia-driven signaling via hypoxia-inducible factors (HIF) has emerged as an important factor that affects both the pathogen and the host. In this chapter, we will review the current knowledge of this complex interplay, with a particular emphasis given to the impact of hypoxia and HIF on the inflammatory and antimicrobial activity of myeloid cells, the bacterial responses to hypoxia and the containment of bacterial infections under oxygen-limited conditions. We will also summarize how low oxygen concentrations influence the metabolism of neutrophils, macrophages and dendritic cells. Finally, we will discuss the consequences of hypoxia and HIFα activation for the invading pathogen, with a focus on Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Coxiella burnetii, Salmonella enterica and Staphylococcus aureus. This includes a description of the mechanisms and microbial factors, which the pathogens use to sense and react to hypoxic conditions.
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32
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Kling L, Schreiber A, Eckardt KU, Kettritz R. Hypoxia-inducible factors not only regulate but also are myeloid-cell treatment targets. J Leukoc Biol 2020; 110:61-75. [PMID: 33070368 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.4ri0820-535r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia describes limited oxygen availability at the cellular level. Myeloid cells are exposed to hypoxia at various bodily sites and even contribute to hypoxia by consuming large amounts of oxygen during respiratory burst. Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) are ubiquitously expressed heterodimeric transcription factors, composed of an oxygen-dependent α and a constitutive β subunit. The stability of HIF-1α and HIF-2α is regulated by oxygen-sensing prolyl-hydroxylases (PHD). HIF-1α and HIF-2α modify the innate immune response and are context dependent. We provide a historic perspective of HIF discovery, discuss the molecular components of the HIF pathway, and how HIF-dependent mechanisms modify myeloid cell functions. HIFs enable myeloid-cell adaptation to hypoxia by up-regulating anaerobic glycolysis. In addition to effects on metabolism, HIFs control chemotaxis, phagocytosis, degranulation, oxidative burst, and apoptosis. HIF-1α enables efficient infection defense by myeloid cells. HIF-2α delays inflammation resolution and decreases antitumor effects by promoting tumor-associated myeloid-cell hibernation. PHDs not only control HIF degradation, but also regulate the crosstalk between innate and adaptive immune cells thereby suppressing autoimmunity. HIF-modifying pharmacologic compounds are entering clinical practice. Current indications include renal anemia and certain cancers. Beneficial and adverse effects on myeloid cells should be considered and could possibly lead to drug repurposing for inflammatory disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lovis Kling
- Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Adrian Schreiber
- Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin and Max Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
| | - Kai-Uwe Eckardt
- Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ralph Kettritz
- Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin and Max Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
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33
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The Role of HIF in Immunity and Inflammation. Cell Metab 2020; 32:524-536. [PMID: 32853548 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2020.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 266] [Impact Index Per Article: 66.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Revised: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
HIF is a transcription factor that plays an essential role in the cellular response to low oxygen, orchestrating a metabolic switch that allows cells to survive in this environment. In immunity, infected and inflamed tissues are often hypoxic, and HIF helps immune cells adapt. HIF-α stabilization can also occur under normoxia during immunity and inflammation, where it regulates metabolism but in addition can directly regulate expression of immune genes. Here we review the role of HIF in immunity, including its role in macrophages, dendritic cells, neutrophils, T cells, and B cells. Its role in immunity is as essential for cellular responses as it is in its original role in hypoxia, with HIF being implicated in multiple inflammatory diseases and in immunosuppression in tumors.
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34
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Abstract
Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) control transcriptional responses to reduced O2 availability. HIFs are heterodimeric proteins composed of an O2-regulated HIF-α subunit and a constitutively expressed HIF-1β subunit. HIF-α subunits are subject to prolyl hydroxylation, which targets the proteins for degradation under normoxic conditions. Small molecule prolyl hydroxylase inhibitors, which stabilize the HIF-α subunits and increase HIF-dependent expression of erythropoietin, are in phase III clinical trials for the treatment of anemia in patients with chronic kidney disease. HIFs contribute to the pathogenesis of many cancers, particularly the clear cell type of renal cell carcinoma in which loss of function of the von Hippel-Lindau tumor suppressor blocks HIF-2α degradation. A small molecule inhibitor that binds to HIF-2α and blocks dimerization with HIF-1β is in clinical trials for the treatment of renal cell carcinoma. Targeting HIFs for stabilization or inhibition may improve outcomes in diseases that are common causes of mortality in the US population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregg L Semenza
- Institute for Cell Engineering, McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, and Departments of Pediatrics, Medicine, Oncology, Radiation Oncology, and Biological Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA;
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35
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Abstract
Recent years have witnessed an emergence of interest in understanding metabolic changes associated with immune responses, termed immunometabolism. As oxygen is central to all aerobic metabolism, hypoxia is now recognized to contribute fundamentally to inflammatory and immune responses. Studies from a number of groups have implicated a prominent role for oxygen metabolism and hypoxia in innate immunity of healthy tissue (physiologic hypoxia) and during active inflammation (inflammatory hypoxia). This inflammatory hypoxia emanates from a combination of recruited inflammatory cells (e.g., neutrophils, eosinophils, and monocytes), high rates of oxidative metabolism, and the activation of multiple oxygen-consuming enzymes during inflammation. These localized shifts toward hypoxia have identified a prominent role for the transcription factor hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) in the regulation of innate immunity. Such studies have provided new and enlightening insight into our basic understanding of immune mechanisms, and extensions of these findings have identified potential therapeutic targets. In this review, we summarize recent literature around the topic of innate immunity and mucosal hypoxia with a focus on transcriptional responses mediated by HIF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean P Colgan
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado 80045, USA;
- Mucosal Inflammation Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado 80045, USA
| | - Glenn T Furuta
- Mucosal Inflammation Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado 80045, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado 80045, USA
| | - Cormac T Taylor
- UCD Conway Institute, Systems Biology Ireland and School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
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36
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Liu G, Baird AW, Parsons MJ, Fan K, Skerrett-Byrne DA, Nair PM, Makanyengo S, Chen J, Neal R, Goggins BJ, Tay H, Mathe A, Soh WS, Minahan K, Hansbro PM, Nixon B, McCaughan GW, Holtmann G, Colgan SP, Keely S. Platelet activating factor receptor acts to limit colitis-induced liver inflammation. FASEB J 2020; 34:7718-7732. [PMID: 32293760 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201901779r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Revised: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Liver inflammation is a common extraintestinal manifestation in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), yet, the mechanisms driving gut-liver axis inflammation remain poorly understood. IBD leads to a breakdown in the integrity of the intestinal barrier causing an increase in portal and systemic gut-derived antigens, which challenge the liver. Here, we examined the role of platelet activating factor receptor (PAFR) in colitis-associated liver damage using dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) and anti-CD40-induced colitis models. Both DSS and anti-CD40 models exhibited liver inflammation associated with colitis. Colitis reduced global PAFR protein expression in mouse livers causing an exclusive re-localization of PAFR to the portal triad. The global decrease in liver PAFR was associated with increased sirtuin 1 while relocalized PAFR expression was limited to Kupffer cells (KCs) and co-localized with toll-like receptor 4. DSS activated the NLRP3-inflammasome and increased interleukin (IL)-1β in the liver. Antagonism of PAFR amplified the inflammasome response by increasing NLRP3, caspase-1, and IL-1β protein levels in the liver. LPS also increased NLRP3 response in human hepatocytes, however, overexpression of PAFR restored the levels of NLPR3 and caspase-1 proteins. Interestingly, KCs depletion also increased IL-1β protein in mouse liver after DSS challenge. These data suggest a protective role for PAFR-expressing KCs during colitis and that regulation of PAFR is important for gut-liver axis homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Liu
- Priority Research Centre for Digestive Health and Neurogastroenterology, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia.,Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia.,School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medicine, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.,School of Life Science, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, Australia.,Centre for Inflammation, Centenary Institute, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Alan W Baird
- UCD School of Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Marie J Parsons
- Priority Research Centre for Digestive Health and Neurogastroenterology, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia.,Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia.,School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medicine, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Kening Fan
- Priority Research Centre for Digestive Health and Neurogastroenterology, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia.,Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia.,School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medicine, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - David A Skerrett-Byrne
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia.,School of Environmental and Life Sciences, Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Science, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Prema M Nair
- Priority Research Centre for Digestive Health and Neurogastroenterology, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia.,Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia.,School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medicine, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Samwel Makanyengo
- Priority Research Centre for Digestive Health and Neurogastroenterology, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia.,Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia.,School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medicine, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Jinbiao Chen
- Liver Injury and Cancer Program, Centenary Research Institute, Camperdown, NSW, Australia.,Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Rachel Neal
- Priority Research Centre for Digestive Health and Neurogastroenterology, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia.,Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia.,School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medicine, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Bridie J Goggins
- Priority Research Centre for Digestive Health and Neurogastroenterology, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia.,Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia.,School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medicine, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Hock Tay
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia.,School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medicine, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.,Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Andrea Mathe
- Priority Research Centre for Digestive Health and Neurogastroenterology, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia.,Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia.,School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medicine, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Wai S Soh
- Priority Research Centre for Digestive Health and Neurogastroenterology, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia.,Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia.,School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medicine, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Kyra Minahan
- Priority Research Centre for Digestive Health and Neurogastroenterology, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia.,Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia.,School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medicine, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Phil M Hansbro
- School of Life Science, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, Australia.,Centre for Inflammation, Centenary Institute, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Brett Nixon
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia.,School of Environmental and Life Sciences, Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Science, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Geoffrey W McCaughan
- Liver Injury and Cancer Program, Centenary Research Institute, Camperdown, NSW, Australia.,Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Gerald Holtmann
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia.,Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia
| | - Sean P Colgan
- University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Simon Keely
- Priority Research Centre for Digestive Health and Neurogastroenterology, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia.,Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia.,School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medicine, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
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37
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Postovalova EA, Makarova OV, Kosyreva AM, Dzhalilova DS. Hypoxia is a key mechanism for regulating inflammation in ulcerative colitis. RUSSIAN OPEN MEDICAL JOURNAL 2020. [DOI: 10.15275/rusomj.2020.0101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Intestinal bowel diseases (IBD), including ulcerative colitis (UC), is the group of difficult to diagnose widespread among the population diseases. Pathogenesis of the disease is associated with a complex interaction of the genetic factors, the environment, the microbiome and the unpredicted reaction of the immune system, and the existing treatment methods are not effective enough. It is known, that hypoxia plays a key role in both system and local inflammatory reactions, mainly due to microcirculatory disorders and disseminated intravascular coagulation. Therefore a lot of studies have demonstrated that severity of any inflammatory diseases, including Crohn's disease (CD) and UC depends on hypoxia resistance. In this review we discussed microcirculation of blood and physiological hypoxia in the intestine, the role of hypoxia-inducible factors in the development of IBD and UC, as well as their influence on the severity of the inflammatory process. Authors described the protective effect of various PHD inhibitors and its benefits and disadvantages, so as new approaches of searching of very specific low molecular weight substanses as drugs for the control of IBD and UC.
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38
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Vanderhaeghen T, Vandewalle J, Libert C. Hypoxia-inducible factors in metabolic reprogramming during sepsis. FEBS J 2020; 287:1478-1495. [PMID: 31970890 DOI: 10.1111/febs.15222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Sepsis is a highly heterogeneous syndrome that is caused by an imbalanced host response to infection. Despite huge investments, sepsis remains a contemporary threat with significant burden on health systems. Vascular dysfunction and elevated oxygen consumption by highly metabolically active immune cells result in tissue hypoxia during inflammation. The transcription factor hypoxia-inducible factor-1a (HIF1α), and its family members, plays an important role in cellular metabolism and adaptation to cellular stress caused by hypoxia. In this review, we discuss the role of HIF in sepsis. We show possible mechanisms by which the inflammatory response activated during sepsis affects the HIF pathway. The activated HIF pathway in turn changes the metabolism of both innate and adaptive immune cells. As HIF expression in leukocytes of septic patients can be directly linked with mortality, we discuss multiple ways of interfering with the HIF signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tineke Vanderhaeghen
- Center for Inflammation Research, VIB, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Belgium
| | - Jolien Vandewalle
- Center for Inflammation Research, VIB, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Belgium
| | - Claude Libert
- Center for Inflammation Research, VIB, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Belgium
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39
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Harnoss JM, Gebhardt JM, Radhakrishnan P, Leowardi C, Burmeister J, Halligan DN, Yuan S, Kennel KB, Strowitzki MJ, Schaible A, Lasitschka F, Taylor CT, Schneider M. Prolyl Hydroxylase Inhibition Mitigates Pouchitis. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2020; 26:192-205. [PMID: 31618435 DOI: 10.1093/ibd/izz218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pouchitis is the most common long-term complication after restorative proctocolectomy with ileal pouch-anal anastomosis (IPAA) for ulcerative colitis (UC) or familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP), which can eventually progress to pouch failure, necessitating permanent stoma construction. Hypoxia-inducible transcription factor prolyl hydroxylase-containing enzymes (PHD1, PHD2, and PHD3) are molecular oxygen sensors that control adaptive gene expression through hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF). Emerging evidence supports PHDs as being therapeutic targets in intestinal inflammation. However, pharmacological inhibition of PHDs has not been validated as a treatment strategy in pouchitis. METHODS PHD1-3 mRNA and protein expression were analyzed in mucosal pouch and prepouch ileal patient biopsies. After establishment of a preclinical IPAA model in rats, the impact of the pan-PHD small-molecule inhibitor dimethyloxalylglycine (DMOG) on dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced pouchitis was studied. Clinical and molecular parameters were investigated. RESULTS PHD1, but not PHD2 or PHD3, was overexpressed in pouchitis in biopsies of patients with IPAA for UC but not FAP. In addition, PHD1 expression correlated with disease activity. DMOG treatment profoundly mitigated DSS-induced pouchitis in a rodent IPAA model. Mechanistically, DMOG restored intestinal epithelial barrier function by induction of tight junction proteins zona occludens-1 and claudin-1 and alleviation of intestinal epithelial cell apoptosis, thus attenuating pouch inflammation. CONCLUSIONS Together, these results establish a strong therapeutic rationale for targeting PHD1 with small-molecule inhibitors in pouchitis after IPAA for UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan M Harnoss
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jasper M Gebhardt
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Praveen Radhakrishnan
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christine Leowardi
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Julius Burmeister
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Doug N Halligan
- School of Medicine, Systems Biology Ireland and the Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Shuai Yuan
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Kilian B Kennel
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Moritz J Strowitzki
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.,School of Medicine, Systems Biology Ireland and the Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Anja Schaible
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Felix Lasitschka
- Institute of Pathology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Cormac T Taylor
- School of Medicine, Systems Biology Ireland and the Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Martin Schneider
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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40
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Shukla SD, Walters EH, Simpson JL, Keely S, Wark PA, O'Toole RF, Hansbro PM. Hypoxia‐inducible factor and bacterial infections in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Respirology 2019; 25:53-63. [DOI: 10.1111/resp.13722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Revised: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shakti D. Shukla
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and MedicineUniversity of Newcastle Newcastle NSW Australia
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Hunter Medical Research InstituteUniversity of Newcastle Newcastle NSW Australia
| | - E. Haydn Walters
- School of Medicine, College of Health and MedicineUniversity of Tasmania Hobart TAS Australia
| | - Jodie L. Simpson
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Hunter Medical Research InstituteUniversity of Newcastle Newcastle NSW Australia
- Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Priority Research Centre for Healthy LungsUniversity of Newcastle Newcastle NSW Australia
| | - Simon Keely
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and MedicineUniversity of Newcastle Newcastle NSW Australia
- Priority Research Centre for Digestive Health and Neurogastroenterology, Hunter Medical Research InstituteUniversity of Newcastle Newcastle NSW Australia
| | - Peter A.B. Wark
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Hunter Medical Research InstituteUniversity of Newcastle Newcastle NSW Australia
- Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Priority Research Centre for Healthy LungsUniversity of Newcastle Newcastle NSW Australia
| | - Ronan F. O'Toole
- School of Molecular Sciences, College of Science, Health and EngineeringLa Trobe University Melbourne VIC Australia
| | - Philip M. Hansbro
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and MedicineUniversity of Newcastle Newcastle NSW Australia
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Hunter Medical Research InstituteUniversity of Newcastle Newcastle NSW Australia
- Centenary Institute and School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney Sydney NSW Australia
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Solanki S, Devenport SN, Ramakrishnan SK, Shah YM. Temporal induction of intestinal epithelial hypoxia-inducible factor-2α is sufficient to drive colitis. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2019; 317:G98-G107. [PMID: 31241981 PMCID: PMC6734372 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00081.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Hypoxia is a notable feature of inflammatory bowel disease and chronic induction of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α and HIF-2α (endothelial PAS domain protein 1, EPAS1) play important, but opposing, roles in its pathogenesis. While activation of HIF-1α decreases intestinal inflammation and is beneficial in colitis, activation of HIF-2α exacerbates colitis and increases colon carcinogenesis in animal models, primarily due to the role of epithelial HIF-2α in mounting a potent inflammatory response. Previous work from our laboratory showed that mice overexpressing intestinal epithelial HIF-2α led to massive intestinal inflammation and decreased survival. As oxygen homeostasis and HIFs are critical in embryonic development, it is not clear whether the observed intestinal inflammatory response was secondary to developmental defects. To address this question, the present study used a mouse model to temporally modulate expression of intestinal epithelial HIF-2α to assess its role in mediating inflammatory response. Remarkably, activation of HIF-2α in intestinal epithelial cells in adult mice increased expression of proinflammatory mediators; however, no decrease in survival was observed. Furthermore, in an acute model of colitis, activation of HIF-2α was sufficient to exacerbate colitis. These data confirm our previous finding that epithelial HIF-2α mediates inflammatory response and demonstrates that activation of HIF-2α is sufficient to exacerbate colitis.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic relapsing inflammatory disease of the intestinal tract. Hypoxia and activation of its downstream transcription factors hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α and HIF-2α are notable features of IBD. HIF-1α has well-characterized protective roles in IBD; however, the role of HIF-2α has been less studied. Using novel HIF-2α mouse models, we show that activation of HIF-2α in intestinal epithelial cells is sufficient to exacerbate colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumeet Solanki
- 1Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Samantha N. Devenport
- 1Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan,2Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Sadeesh K. Ramakrishnan
- 1Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Yatrik M. Shah
- 1Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan,3Division of Gastroenterology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
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Halligan DN, Khan MN, Brown E, Rowan CR, Coulter IS, Doherty GA, Tambuwala MM, Taylor CT. Hypoxia-inducible factor hydroxylase inhibition enhances the protective effects of cyclosporine in colitis. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2019; 317:G90-G97. [PMID: 31070931 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00049.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is characterized by epithelial barrier dysfunction with resultant inflammation as the mucosal immune system becomes exposed to luminal antigens. The hydroxylase inhibitor dimethyloxalylglycine (DMOG) reduces symptoms in experimental colitis through the upregulation of genes promoting barrier function and inhibition of epithelial cell apoptosis. The immunosuppressive drug cyclosporine reduces inflammation associated with IBD via suppression of immune cell activation. Given the distinct barrier protective effect of DMOG and the anti-inflammatory properties of cyclosporine, we hypothesized that combining these drugs may provide an enhanced protective effect by targeting both barrier dysfunction and inflammation simultaneously. We used the dextran sulfate sodium model of colitis in C57BL/6 mice to determine the combinatorial efficacy of cyclosporine and DMOG. While cyclosporine and DMOG ameliorated disease progression, in combination they had an additive protective effect that surpassed the level of protection afforded by either drug alone. The ability of DMOG to augment the anti-inflammatory effects of cyclosporine was largely due to preservation of barrier function and at least in part due to zonula occludens-1 regulation. We propose that combining the barrier protective effects of a hydroxylase inhibitor with the anti-inflammatory effects of cyclosporine provides added therapeutic benefit in colitis.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Inflammatory bowel disease is the result of decreased intestinal epithelial barrier function leading to exposure of the mucosal immune system to luminal antigens causing inflammation, which in turn further decreases epithelial barrier function. We demonstrate for the first time that strengthening the epithelial barrier with a hydroxylase inhibitor in combination with the administration of the immunosuppressive cyclosporine provides additive therapeutic advantage in a murine model of colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doug N Halligan
- The Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland.,Sigmoid Pharma, The Invent Centre, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Mohammed N Khan
- The Saad Centre for Pharmacy and Diabetes, Ulster University, Coleraine, United Kingdom
| | - Eric Brown
- The Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Catherine R Rowan
- Centre for Colorectal Disease, St Vincent's University Hospital and School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Ivan S Coulter
- Sigmoid Pharma, The Invent Centre, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Glen A Doherty
- Centre for Colorectal Disease, St Vincent's University Hospital and School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Murtaza M Tambuwala
- The Saad Centre for Pharmacy and Diabetes, Ulster University, Coleraine, United Kingdom
| | - Cormac T Taylor
- The Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
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Strowitzki MJ, Ritter AS, Kimmer G, Schneider M. Hypoxia-adaptive pathways: A pharmacological target in fibrotic disease? Pharmacol Res 2019; 147:104364. [PMID: 31376431 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2019.104364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Revised: 07/19/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Wound healing responses are physiological reactions to injuries and share common characteristics and phases independently of the injured organ or tissue. A major hallmark of wound healing responses is the formation of extra-cellular matrix (ECM), mainly consisting of collagen fibers, to restore the initial organ architecture and function. Overshooting wound healing responses result in unphysiological accumulation of ECM and collagen deposition, a process called fibrosis. Importantly, hypoxia (oxygen demand exceeds supply) plays a significant role during wound healing responses and fibrotic diseases. Under hypoxic conditions, cells activate a gene program, including the stabilization of hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs), which induces the expression of HIF target genes counteracting hypoxia. In contrast, in normoxia, so-called HIF-prolyl hydroxylases (PHDs) oxygen-dependently hydroxylate HIF-α, which marks it for proteasomal degradation. Importantly, PHDs can be pharmacologically inhibited (PHI) by so-called PHD inhibitors. There is mounting evidence that the HIF-pathway is continuously up-regulated during the development of tissue fibrosis, and that pharmacological (HIFI) or genetic inhibition of HIF can prevent organ fibrosis. By contrast, initial (short-term) activation of the HIF pathway via PHI during wound healing seems to be beneficial in several models of inflammation or acute organ injury. Thus, timing and duration of PHI and HIFI treatment seem to be crucial. In this review, we will highlight the role of hypoxia-adaptive pathways during wound healing responses and development of fibrotic disease. Moreover, we will discuss whether PHI and HIFI might be a promising treatment option in fibrotic disease, and consider putative pitfalls that might result from this approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moritz J Strowitzki
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Alina S Ritter
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Gwendolyn Kimmer
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Martin Schneider
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
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Liu G, Mateer SW, Hsu A, Goggins BJ, Tay H, Mathe A, Fan K, Neal R, Bruce J, Burns G, Minahan K, Maltby S, Fricker M, Foster PS, Wark PAB, Hansbro PM, Keely S. Platelet activating factor receptor regulates colitis-induced pulmonary inflammation through the NLRP3 inflammasome. Mucosal Immunol 2019; 12:862-873. [PMID: 30976089 DOI: 10.1038/s41385-019-0163-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2018] [Revised: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Extra-intestinal manifestations (EIM) are common in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). One such EIM is sub-clinical pulmonary inflammation, which occurs in up to 50% of IBD patients. In animal models of colitis, pulmonary inflammation is driven by neutrophilic infiltrations, primarily in response to the systemic bacteraemia and increased bacterial load in the lungs. Platelet activating factor receptor (PAFR) plays a critical role in regulating pulmonary responses to infection in conditions, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and asthma. We investigated the role of PAFR in pulmonary EIMs of IBD, using dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) and anti-CD40 murine models of colitis. Both models induced neutrophilic inflammation, with increased TNF and IL-1β levels, bacterial load and PAFR protein expression in mouse lungs. Antagonism of PAFR decreased lung neutrophilia, TNF, and IL-1β in an NLRP3 inflammasome-dependent manner. Lipopolysaccharide from phosphorylcholine (ChoP)-positive bacteria induced NLRP3 and caspase-1 proteins in human alveolar epithelial cells, however antagonism of PAFR prevented NLRP3 activation by ChoP. Amoxicillin reduced bacterial populations in the lungs and reduced NLRP3 inflammasome protein levels, but did not reduce PAFR. These data suggest a role for PAFR in microbial pattern recognition and NLRP3 inflammasome signaling in the lung.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Liu
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.,Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia.,Priority Research Centre for Digestive Health and Neurogastroenterology, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Sean W Mateer
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.,Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia.,Priority Research Centre for Digestive Health and Neurogastroenterology, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Alan Hsu
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia.,School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Bridie J Goggins
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.,Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia.,Priority Research Centre for Digestive Health and Neurogastroenterology, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Hock Tay
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.,Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
| | - Andrea Mathe
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.,Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia.,Priority Research Centre for Digestive Health and Neurogastroenterology, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Kening Fan
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.,Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia.,Priority Research Centre for Digestive Health and Neurogastroenterology, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Rachel Neal
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.,Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia.,Priority Research Centre for Digestive Health and Neurogastroenterology, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Jessica Bruce
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.,Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia.,Priority Research Centre for Digestive Health and Neurogastroenterology, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Grace Burns
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.,Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia.,Priority Research Centre for Digestive Health and Neurogastroenterology, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Kyra Minahan
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.,Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia.,Priority Research Centre for Digestive Health and Neurogastroenterology, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Steven Maltby
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia.,School of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Michael Fricker
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia.,School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Paul S Foster
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.,Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
| | - Peter A B Wark
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia.,School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Philip M Hansbro
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.,Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
| | - Simon Keely
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia. .,Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia. .,Priority Research Centre for Digestive Health and Neurogastroenterology, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.
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Watts ER, Walmsley SR. Inflammation and Hypoxia: HIF and PHD Isoform Selectivity. Trends Mol Med 2018; 25:33-46. [PMID: 30442494 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2018.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2018] [Revised: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 10/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Cells sense and respond to hypoxia through the activity of the transcription factor HIF (hypoxia-inducible factor) and its regulatory hydroxylases, the prolyl hydroxylase domain enzymes (PHDs). Multiple isoforms of HIFs and PHDs exist, and isoform-selective roles have been identified in the context of the inflammatory environment, which is itself frequently hypoxic. Recent advances in the field have highlighted the complexity of this system, particularly with regards to the cell and context-specific activity of HIFs and PHDs. Because novel therapeutic agents which regulate this pathway are nearing the clinic, understanding the role of HIFs and PHDs in inflammation outcomes is an essential step in avoiding off-target effects and, crucially, in developing new anti-inflammatory strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily R Watts
- The University of Edinburgh Centre for Inflammation Research, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Sarah R Walmsley
- The University of Edinburgh Centre for Inflammation Research, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK.
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46
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Simmen S, Cosin-Roger J, Melhem H, Maliachovas N, Maane M, Baebler K, Weder B, Maeyashiki C, Spanaus K, Scharl M, de Vallière C, Zeitz J, Vavricka SR, Hausmann M, Rogler G, Ruiz PA. Iron Prevents Hypoxia-Associated Inflammation Through the Regulation of Nuclear Factor-κB in the Intestinal Epithelium. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2018; 7:339-355. [PMID: 30704983 PMCID: PMC6357696 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2018.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Revised: 09/24/2018] [Accepted: 10/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Hypoxia-associated pathways influence the development of inflammatory bowel disease. Adaptive responses to hypoxia are mediated through hypoxia-inducible factors, which are regulated by iron-dependent hydroxylases. Signals reflecting oxygen tension and iron levels in enterocytes regulate iron metabolism. Conversely, iron availability modulates responses to hypoxia. In the present study we sought to elucidate how iron influences the responses to hypoxia in the intestinal epithelium. METHODS Human subjects were exposed to hypoxia, and colonic biopsy specimens and serum samples were collected. HT-29, Caco-2, and T84 cells were subjected to normoxia or hypoxia in the presence of iron or the iron chelator deferoxamine. Changes in inflammatory gene expression and signaling were assessed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction and Western blot. Chromatin immunoprecipitation was performed using antibodies against nuclear factor (NF)-κB and primers for the promoter of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and interleukin (IL)1β. RESULTS Human subjects presented reduced levels of ferritin in the intestinal epithelium after hypoxia. Hypoxia reduced iron deprivation-associated TNF and IL1β expression in HT-29 cells through the induction of autophagy. Contrarily, hypoxia triggered TNF and IL1β expression, and NF-κB activation in Caco-2 and T84 cells. Iron blocked autophagy in Caco-2 cells, while reducing hypoxia-associated TNF and IL1β expression through the inhibition of NF-κB binding to the promoter of TNF and IL1β. CONCLUSIONS Hypoxia promotes iron mobilization from the intestinal epithelium. Hypoxia-associated autophagy reduces inflammatory processes in HT-29 cells. In Caco-2 cells, iron uptake is essential to counteract hypoxia-induced inflammation. Iron mobilization into enterocytes may be a vital protective mechanism in the hypoxic inflamed mucosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Simmen
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jesus Cosin-Roger
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Hassan Melhem
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Nikolaos Maliachovas
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Max Maane
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Katharina Baebler
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Bruce Weder
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Chiaki Maeyashiki
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Katharina Spanaus
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Michael Scharl
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Cheryl de Vallière
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jonas Zeitz
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland,Center of Gastroenterology, Clinic Hirslanden, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Stephan R. Vavricka
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Martin Hausmann
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Gerhard Rogler
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Pedro A. Ruiz
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland,Correspondence Address correspondence to: Pedro A. Ruiz-Castro, PhD, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Zurich, Raemistrasse 100, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland.
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Shao T, Zhao C, Li F, Gu Z, Liu L, Zhang L, Wang Y, He L, Liu Y, Liu Q, Chen Y, Donde H, Wang R, Jala VR, Barve S, Chen SY, Zhang X, Chen Y, McClain CJ, Feng W. Intestinal HIF-1α deletion exacerbates alcoholic liver disease by inducing intestinal dysbiosis and barrier dysfunction. J Hepatol 2018; 69:886-895. [PMID: 29803899 PMCID: PMC6615474 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2018.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2017] [Revised: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 05/18/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is characterized by gut dysbiosis and increased gut permeability. Hypoxia inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) has been implicated in transcriptional regulation of intestinal barrier integrity and inflammation. We aimed to test the hypothesis that HIF-1α plays a critical role in gut microbiota homeostasis and the maintenance of intestinal barrier integrity in a mouse model of ALD. METHODS Wild-type (WT) and intestinal epithelial-specific Hif1a knockout mice (IEhif1α-/-) were pair-fed modified Lieber-DeCarli liquid diet containing 5% (w/v) alcohol or isocaloric maltose dextrin for 24 days. Serum levels of alanine aminotransferase and endotoxin were determined. Fecal microbiota were assessed. Liver steatosis and injury, and intestinal barrier integrity were evaluated. RESULTS Alcohol feeding increased serum levels of alanine aminotransferase and lipopolysaccharide, hepatic triglyceride concentration, and liver injury in the WT mice. These deleterious effects were exaggerated in IEhif1α-/- mice. Alcohol exposure resulted in greater reduction of the expression of intestinal epithelial tight junction proteins, claudin-1 and occludin, in IEhif1α-/- mice. In addition, cathelicidin-related antimicrobial peptide and intestinal trefoil factor were further decreased by alcohol in IEhif1α-/- mice. Metagenomic analysis showed increased gut dysbiosis and significantly decreased Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio in IEhif1α-/- mice compared to the WT mice exposed to alcohol. An increased abundance of Akkermansia and a decreased level of Lactobacillus in IEhif1α-/- mice were also observed. Non-absorbable antibiotic treatment reversed the liver steatosis in both WT and IEhif1α-/- mice. CONCLUSION Intestinal HIF-1α is essential for the adaptative response to alcohol-induced changes in intestinal microbiota and barrier function associated with elevated endotoxemia and hepatic steatosis and injury. LAY SUMMARY Alcohol consumption alters gut microbiota and multiple intestinal barrier protecting factors that are regulated by intestinal hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α). Absence of intestinal HIF-1α exacerbates gut leakiness leading to an increased translocation of bacteria and bacterial products to the liver, consequently causing alcoholic liver disease. Intestinal specific upregulation of HIF-1α could be developed as a novel approach for the treatment of alcoholic liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuo Shao
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA,Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA,First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical Univesity, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Cuiqing Zhao
- Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA,Institute of Virology, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Fengyuan Li
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA,Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Zelin Gu
- Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA,College of Food Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Limimg Liu
- Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA,Institute of Virology, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lihua Zhang
- Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Yuhua Wang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Liqing He
- Department of Chemistry, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Yunhuan Liu
- Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Qi Liu
- Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA,Second Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical Univesity, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yiping Chen
- Second Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical Univesity, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hridgandh Donde
- Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Rui Wang
- First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical Univesity, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Venkatakrishna R. Jala
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Shirish Barve
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA,Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Shao-Yu Chen
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Xiang Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA,Department of Chemistry, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Yongping Chen
- First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Craig J. McClain
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA,Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA,Robley Rex Louisville VAMC, Louisville, KY, USA,Corresponding authors: Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, 505 S. Hancock Street CTR517, Louisville, KY, United State, 40202. Tel.: +1 502 852 2912; fax: +1 502 852 8927; , or or
| | - Wenke Feng
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA; First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China; Second Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China; Alcohol Research Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA; Hepatobiology & Toxicology Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA.
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Inhibition of prolyl hydroxylase domain proteins selectively enhances venous thrombus neovascularisation. Thromb Res 2018; 169:105-112. [PMID: 30031289 DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2018.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2018] [Revised: 06/30/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypoxia within acute venous thrombi is thought to drive resolution through stabilisation of hypoxia inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF1α). Prolyl hydroxylase domain (PHD) isoforms are critical regulators of HIF1α stability. Non-selective inhibition of PHD isoforms with l-mimosine has been shown to increase HIF1α stabilisation and promote thrombus resolution. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate the therapeutic potential of PHD inhibition in venous thrombus resolution. METHODS Thrombosis was induced in the inferior vena cava of mice using a combination of flow restriction and endothelial activation. Gene and protein expression of PHD isoforms in the resolving thrombus was measured by RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry. Thrombus resolution was quantified in mice treated with pan PHD inhibitors AKB-4924 and JNJ-42041935 or inducible all-cell Phd2 knockouts by micro-computed tomography, 3D high frequency ultrasound or endpoint histology. RESULTS Resolving venous thrombi demonstrated significant temporal gene expression profiles for PHD2 and PHD3 (P < 0.05), but not for PHD1. PHD isoform protein expression was localised to early and late inflammatory cell infiltrates. Treatment with selective pan PHD inhibitors, AKB-4924 and JNJ-42041935, enhanced thrombus neovascularisation (P < 0.05), but had no significant effect on overall thrombus resolution. Thrombus resolution or its markers, macrophage accumulation and neovascularisation, did not differ significantly in inducible all-cell homozygous Phd2 knockouts compared with littermate controls (P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS This data suggests that PHD-mediated thrombus neovascularisation has a limited role in the resolution of venous thrombi. Directly targeting angiogenesis alone may not be a viable therapeutic strategy to enhance venous thrombus resolution.
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Mateer SW, Mathe A, Bruce J, Liu G, Maltby S, Fricker M, Goggins BJ, Tay HL, Marks E, Burns G, Kim RY, Minahan K, Walker MM, Callister RC, Foster PS, Horvat JC, Hansbro PM, Keely S. IL-6 Drives Neutrophil-Mediated Pulmonary Inflammation Associated with Bacteremia in Murine Models of Colitis. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2018; 188:1625-1639. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2018.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Revised: 02/25/2018] [Accepted: 03/23/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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T-Bet Is Dependent on Stat-4 Inhibiting Acute Colitis but Not Stat-1 Using L4 Somatic Antigen of Heligmosomoides polygyrus. ScientificWorldJournal 2018; 2018:8571920. [PMID: 29977172 PMCID: PMC6011060 DOI: 10.1155/2018/8571920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2018] [Revised: 03/25/2018] [Accepted: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Helminths may alter the immunoinflammatory reactions of colitis. Proteins derived from H. polygyrus have prospective therapy for colitis. The goal of this study was to interpret the protective mechanisms of L4 somatic antigen (LSA) from Heligmosomoides polygyrus against an inflammatory response to the pathogenesis of DNBS-induced colitis. Colitis was actuated in mice by rectal instillation of DNBS. The mice were randomly divided into five groups containing control, DNBS alone, and three groups, with different doses of LSA (50, 100, and 200 μg/mL), respectively. Mice initiated colitis by rectal administration of DNBS and after that were immunized with LSA for 14 days. Mice treated with LSA inhibited wasting disease compared with DNBS only group. The percentages of cells producing IFN-γ were reduced by LSA treatment. The level of T lymphocytes CD4+IFN-γ+ cells in the LPL was significantly diminished by LSA at both 100 and 200 μg/mL groups (p<0.05). The mRNA expression of T-bet was significantly declined in LSA immunized mice, but not RORγ-T mRNA, whereas GATA-3 expression tended to increase. The activation of STAT-4 significantly reduced LSA-treated mice but not STAT-1. It can be concluded that T-bet is required for optimal production of IFN-γ in colitis.
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