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Abudigin WI, Bajaber A, Subash-Babu P. Impact of various dietary lipids on amelioration of biomarkers linked to metabolic syndrome in both healthy and diabetic Wistar rats. BMC Nutr 2024; 10:75. [PMID: 38755663 PMCID: PMC11097575 DOI: 10.1186/s40795-024-00881-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The present study was designed to investigate the influence of different dietary lipids (sheep's fat, olive oil, coconut oil, and corn oil) on specific biomarkers associated with metabolic syndrome in both healthy and diabetic rats. METHODS The study designed for 45 days, utilized a male diabetic wistar rat (body weight, 180-220 g) model induced by streptozotocin (45 mg/kg bw). The rats were divided into two sections: five non-diabetic and five diabetic groups, each containing six rats. The first group in each section serving as the control, received a standard diet. Both non-diabetic or diabetic groups, were provided with a standard diet enriched with 15% sheep fat, 15% coconut oil, 15% olive oil, and 15% corn oil, respectively for a duration of 45 days. RESULTS Post-supplementation, both healthy and diabetic control rats exhibited a higher food intake compared to rats supplemented with lipid diet; notably food intake was higher in diabetic control than healthy control. However, rats fed with coconut oil, olive oil and sheep fat showed weight gain at the end of the experiment, in both healthy and diabetic groups. Coconut oil supplementation significantly (p ≤ 0.05) increased HDL-C and total cholesterol level in diabetic groups compared to healthy group, it was confirmed by an increased PPAR-α and ABCA-1 protein level. Olive oil significantly decreased triglyceride, total cholesterol, and LDL-C levels in diabetic rats when compared to sheep fat or coconut oil. Corn oil significantly decreased fasting glucose, total cholesterol and LDL-C levels compared to all other groups. Corn and olive oil supplemented normal groups, found with significant increase in hepatic glucose-lipid oxidative metabolism associated protein, like FGF-21, MSH, ABCA-1, PPAR-γ and decreased lipogenesis proteins like, SREBP and PPAR-α levels. In contrast, sheep grease and coconut oil increased SREBP and PPAR-α expression in both normal and diabetic groups. Most notably, normal and diabetic groups pretreated with sheep grease resulted in increased inflammatory (MCP-1, IL-1β, TLR-4, TNF-α), and oxidative stress markers (LPO, GSH, GPx, SOD and CAT) linked with metabolic complications. CONCLUSION The combination or alternative use of olive oil and corn oil in daily diet may play a significant role in preventing proinflammatory condition associated with insulin resistance and cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weaam I Abudigin
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food & Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 22452, Riyadh, 11459, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Adnan Bajaber
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food & Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 22452, Riyadh, 11459, Saudi Arabia
| | - Pandurangan Subash-Babu
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food & Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 22452, Riyadh, 11459, Saudi Arabia
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Gomes RS, Machado Júnior R, de Almeida CF, de Oliveira RL, Nascimento M, Nardino M, do Nascimento WF, da Silva DJH. Artificial neural networks optimize the establishment of a Brazilian germplasm core collection of winter squash (Cucurbita moschata D.). Sci Rep 2024; 14:5930. [PMID: 38467669 PMCID: PMC10928206 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-54818-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
With widespread cultivation, Cucurbita moschata stands out for the carotenoid content of its fruits such as β and α-carotene, components with pronounced provitamin A function and antioxidant activity. C. moschata seed oil has a high monounsaturated fatty acid content and vitamin E, constituting a lipid source of high chemical-nutritional quality. The present study evaluates the agronomic and chemical-nutritional aspects of 91 accessions of C. moschata kept at the BGH-UFV and propose the establishment of a core collection based on multivariate approaches and on the implementation of Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs). ANNs was more efficient in identifying similarity patterns and in organizing the distance between the genotypes in the groups. The averages and variances of traits in the CC formed using a 15% sampling of accessions, were closer to those of the complete collection, particularly for accumulated degree days for flowering, the mass of seeds per fruit, and seed and oil productivity. Establishing the 15% CC, based on the broad characterization of this germplasm, will be crucial to optimize the evaluation and use of promising accessions from this collection in C. moschata breeding programs, especially for traits of high chemical-nutritional importance such as the carotenoid content and the fatty acid profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronaldo Silva Gomes
- Agronomy Department, Federal University of Viçosa-UFV, PH Rolfs Avenue, Viçosa, MG, 36570-000, Brazil.
| | - Ronaldo Machado Júnior
- Agronomy Department, Federal University of Viçosa-UFV, PH Rolfs Avenue, Viçosa, MG, 36570-000, Brazil
| | | | | | - Moysés Nascimento
- Statistics Departament, Federal University of Viçosa-UFV, PH Rolfs Avenue, Viçosa, MG, 36570-000, Brazil
| | - Maicon Nardino
- Agronomy Department, Federal University of Viçosa-UFV, PH Rolfs Avenue, Viçosa, MG, 36570-000, Brazil
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Huang Y, Zhang J, You D, Chen S, Lin Z, Li B, Ling M, Tong H, Li F. Mechanisms underlying palmitic acid-induced disruption of locomotor activity and sleep behavior in Drosophila. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2024; 276:109813. [PMID: 38070757 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2023.109813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Revised: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
The globally prevalent of sleep disorders is partly attributed to unhealthy dietary habits. This study investigated the underlying mechanisms of elevated palmitic acid (PA) intake on locomotor activity and sleep behavior in Drosophila. Our results indicate that exposure to PA significantly elevated Drosophila's daytime and nighttime locomotor activity while concurrently reducing overall sleep duration. Utilizing 16S rRNA sequencing, we observed substantial alterations in the composition of the gut microbiota induced by PA, notably, characterized by a significant reduction in Lactobacillus plantarum. Furthermore, PA significantly increased the levels of inflammatory factors Upd3 and Eiger in Drosophila intestines, and downregulated the expression of Gad and Tph, as well as 5-HT1A. Conversely, Gdh and Hdc were significantly upregulated in the PA group. Supplementation with L. plantarum or lactic acid significantly ameliorated PA-induced disruptions in both locomotor activity and sleep behavior. This supplementation also suppressed the expression of intestinal inflammatory factors, thus restoring impaired neurotransmitter-mediated sleep-wake regulation. Moreover, specific knockdown of intestinal epithelial Upd3 or Eiger similarly restored disrupted neurotransmitter expression, ultimately improving PA-induced disturbances in Drosophila locomotor activity and sleep behavior. These findings provide important insights into the intricate interplay between dietary components and essential behaviors, highlighting potential avenues for addressing health challenges associated with modern dietary habits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumei Huang
- Department of Neonatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, PR China; Key Laboratory of Structural Malformations in Children of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou 325000, PR China
| | - Jiaqi Zhang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Water Environment and Marine Biological Resources Protection, College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325000, PR China
| | - Dongdong You
- Department of Neonatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, PR China
| | - Shangqin Chen
- Department of Neonatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, PR China
| | - Zhongdong Lin
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, PR China
| | - Boyang Li
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Water Environment and Marine Biological Resources Protection, College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325000, PR China
| | - Menglai Ling
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Water Environment and Marine Biological Resources Protection, College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325000, PR China
| | - Haibin Tong
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Water Environment and Marine Biological Resources Protection, College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325000, PR China.
| | - Feng Li
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, PR China; Key Laboratory of Structural Malformations in Children of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou 325000, PR China.
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Probst Y, Guan V, Neale E. Avocado intake and cardiometabolic risk factors in a representative survey of Australians: a secondary analysis of the 2011-2012 national nutrition and physical activity survey. Nutr J 2024; 23:12. [PMID: 38273346 PMCID: PMC10809541 DOI: 10.1186/s12937-024-00915-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Avocados are a rich source of nutrients including monounsaturated fats, dietary fibre and phytochemicals. Higher dietary quality is reported in studies of consumers with higher avocado intakes. The present study aimed to examine avocado consumption and cardiometabolic risk measures in a representative sample of Australian adults. METHODS A cross-sectional analysis was performed using Australian Health Survey 2011-2013 (n = 2,736 observations). Day 1 24-hour recall data was used to examine reported avocado intake (whole avocados and avocado-containing products excluding avocado oil) and cardiometabolic risk measures (LDL, HDL, and total cholesterol, triglycerides, apolipoprotein B, HbA1c, plasma glucose, systolic and diastolic blood pressure). T-tests and chi square analyses were conducted between low (5.21 [95% CI: 4.63, 5.79] grams/day) and high (44.11 [95% CI: 35.89, 52.33] grams/day) consumers of avocado. RESULTS 14.7% of Australians were 'avocado consumers' (n = 403 observations). Mean avocado intake was 24.63 (95% CI: 20.11, 29.15) grams per day, with a median intake of 10.40 (IQR: 4.49-26.00) grams per day for those considered 'avocado consumers'. Consumers of avocados had a lower BMI and waist circumference (each, p ≤ 0.001), lower plasma glucose level (p = 0.03), and higher HDL cholesterol (p ≤ 0.001) when compared with non-consumers. A trend towards lower plasma glucose, HbA1c (each, p = 0.04) and higher dietary fibre intake (p = 0.05) was found between high and low consumers of avocado. CONCLUSIONS Our study suggests favourable outcomes for avocado intake and cardiometabolic characteristics of consumers. Future studies should explore glucose homeostasis using a clinical trial design to understand potential relationships between avocado intake and cardiometabolic risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasmine Probst
- School of Medical, Indigenous and Health Sciences, University of Wollongong, Northfields Avenue, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia.
| | - Vivienne Guan
- School of Medical, Indigenous and Health Sciences, University of Wollongong, Northfields Avenue, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia
| | - Elizabeth Neale
- School of Medical, Indigenous and Health Sciences, University of Wollongong, Northfields Avenue, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia
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Skaffari E, Vepsäläinen H, Nissinen K, Lehto E, Lehto R, Roos E, Erkkola M, Korkalo L. Food consumption and nutrient intake of Finnish preschool children according to parental educational level. Br J Nutr 2024; 131:113-122. [PMID: 37424281 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114523001460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
We examined the association between parental educational level (PEL) and children's food consumption and nutrient intake in a sample of Finnish 3- to 6-year-old preschoolers (n 811). The data were obtained from the cross-sectional DAGIS project, conducted in eight municipalities in Finland during 2015-2016. The food consumption and nutrient intake were assessed using food records. The highest educational level of the family was used as the indicator of socio-economic status. Differences in diet by PEL were analysed using a hierarchical linear model adjusted for energy intake. Compared with high PEL, low PEL was associated with a child's lower consumption of fresh vegetables and salads, vegetarian dishes, berries, white bread, blended spread, skimmed milk and ice cream but higher consumption of milk with 1-1·5 % fat content, dairy-based desserts and sugar-sweetened soft drinks. Food consumption was also examined after disaggregating dishes into their ingredients. Low PEL was associated with lower consumption of vegetables, nuts and seeds, berries and fish but higher consumption of red meat. Children in the low PEL, compared with the high PEL group, had a lower intake of protein, fibre, EPA, DHA, vitamin D, riboflavin, vitamin B6, folate, vitamin B12, vitamin C, potassium, phosphorous, Ca, Mg, Zn and iodine but a higher intake of fat and saturated, trans and MUFA. The observed diet-related disparities highlight the need for policy actions and interventions supporting healthy eating patterns such as high consumption of vegetables, nuts and berries in childhood, paying special attention to those with low PEL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Essi Skaffari
- Department of Food and Nutrition, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Henna Vepsäläinen
- Department of Food and Nutrition, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kaija Nissinen
- Department of Food and Nutrition, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- School of Food and Agriculture, Seinäjoki University of Applied Sciences, Seinäjoki, Finland
| | - Elviira Lehto
- Department of Food and Nutrition, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Sociology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Eva Roos
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Food Studies, Nutrition and Dietetics, Uppsala Universitet, Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Maijaliisa Erkkola
- Department of Food and Nutrition, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Liisa Korkalo
- Department of Food and Nutrition, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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Wang A, Guan B, Zhang H, Xu H. Danger-associated metabolites trigger metaflammation: A crowbar in cardiometabolic diseases. Pharmacol Res 2023; 198:106983. [PMID: 37931790 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2023.106983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
Cardiometabolic diseases (CMDs) are characterized by a series of metabolic disorders and chronic low-grade inflammation. CMDs contribute to a high burden of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Host-microbial metabolic regulation that triggers metaflammation is an emerging field of study that promotes a new perspective for perceiving cardiovascular risks. The term metaflammation denotes the entire cascade of immune responses activated by a new class of metabolites known as "danger-associated metabolites" (DAMs). It is being proposed by the present review for the first time. We summarize current studies covering bench to bedside aspects of DAMs to better understand CMDs in the context of DAMs. We have focused on the involvement of DAMs in the pathophysiological development of CMDs, including the disruption of immune homeostasis and chronic inflammation-triggered damage leading to CMD-related adverse events, as well as emerging therapeutic approaches for targeting DAM metabolism in CMDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anlu Wang
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100091, China; National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Baoyi Guan
- Department of Internal Medicine-Cardiovascular, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - He Zhang
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100091, China; National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Hao Xu
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100091, China; National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Beijing 100091, China.
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McMullan JE, Yeates AJ, Allsopp PJ, Mulhern MS, Strain JJ, van Wijngaarden E, Myers GJ, Shroff E, Shamlaye CF, McSorley EM. Fish consumption and its lipid modifying effects - A review of intervention studies. Neurotoxicology 2023; 99:82-96. [PMID: 37820771 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2023.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
Fish is an important source of nutrients, particularly the long chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs). The incorporation of fish into the diet has been shown to have several health benefits, including lowering the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Elevated plasma lipids are one of the main modifiable risk factors contributing to CVD and may be partly mediated by n-3 PUFAs. Although n-3 PUFAs in the form of supplementation have been shown to exert lipid modifying effects, the effects of fish consumption on the lipid profile have not been well summarised to date. Therefore, the aim of the present review is to discuss the current evidence from intervention studies investigating the effect of fish consumption on the lipid profile in both apparently healthy and non-healthy populations. Existing evidence appears to support the role of fish in promoting a shift towards a less inflammatory lipid profile through raising n-3 PUFAs and potentially lowering n-6 PUFA and triglyceride concentrations in both healthy and non-healthy populations. Fish consumption has a negligible effect on cholesterol concentrations; however, fish consumption may promote a small increase in high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol amongst people with lower HDL at baseline. Limited studies have shown fish consumption to result in shifts in phospholipid and sphingolipid species and structure, albeit it is not yet clear whether these alterations have any meaningful impact on CVD risk. Future well-designed studies that utilise NMR and/or lipidomics analysis are warranted to explore the effects of these shifts in lipid content and structure in the context of disease development. Public health guidance should emphasise the cardioprotective benefits of fish and encourage consumption particularly in the Global North where fish consumption remains low.
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Affiliation(s)
- James E McMullan
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health (NICHE), School of Biomedical Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Alison J Yeates
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health (NICHE), School of Biomedical Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Philip J Allsopp
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health (NICHE), School of Biomedical Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Maria S Mulhern
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health (NICHE), School of Biomedical Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - J J Strain
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health (NICHE), School of Biomedical Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Edwin van Wijngaarden
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Gary J Myers
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Emelyn Shroff
- The Ministry of Health, Mahé, Republic of Seychelles
| | | | - Emeir M McSorley
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health (NICHE), School of Biomedical Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine, Northern Ireland, UK.
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Liu B, Hu Y, Rai SK, Wang M, Hu FB, Sun Q. Low-Carbohydrate Diet Macronutrient Quality and Weight Change. JAMA Netw Open 2023; 6:e2349552. [PMID: 38150249 PMCID: PMC10753393 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.49552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Importance The associations of low-carbohydrate diets (LCDs) with long-term weight management remains unclear, and the source and quality of macronutrients within LCDs are less explored. Objectives To prospectively examine associations between changes in LCD indices and weight change among US adults. Design, Setting, and Participants This prospective cohort study included initially healthy participants at baseline from the Nurses' Health Study (NHS; 1986-2010), Nurses' Health Study II (NHSII; 1991-2015), and Health Professionals Follow-up Study (HPFS; 1986-2018). Data analysis was performed between November 2022 and April 2023. Exposures Five LCD indices were examined: (1) a total LCD (TLCD) emphasizing overall lower carbohydrate intake; (2) an animal-based LCD (ALCD) that emphasized animal-sourced protein and fat; (3) a vegetable-based LCD (VLCD) that emphasized plant-sourced protein and fat; (4) a healthy LCD (HLCD) emphasizing less refined carbohydrates, more plant protein, and healthy fat; and (5) an unhealthy LCD (ULCD) emphasizing less healthful carbohydrates, more animal protein, and unhealthy fat. Main Outcomes and Measures The outcome of interest was 4-year changes in self-reported body weight. Results A total of 123 332 participants (mean [SD] age, 45.0 [9.7] years; 103 320 [83.8%] female) were included in this study. The median carbohydrate intake (as a percentage of energy) of the highest quintiles of TLCD score at baseline ranged from 38.3% in HPFS to 40.9% in NHSII. Mean weight gain over 4-year intervals among participants varied from 0.8 kg in the HPFS to 1.8 kg in the NHSII. After adjusting for demographics and baseline and concomitant changes of selected lifestyle factors, each 1-SD increase in TLCD score was associated with 0.06 (95% CI, 0.04-0.08) kg more weight gain over the 4-year periods. Similarly, participants gained 0.13 (95% CI, 0.11 to 0.14) kg per each 1-SD increase in ALCD score and 0.39 (95% CI, 0.37 to 0.40) kg per each 1-SD change in ULCD score. In contrast, each 1-SD increase in VLCD score was associated with 0.03 (95% CI, 0.01 to 0.04) kg less weight gain, and each 1-SD increase in HLCD score was associated with 0.36 (95% CI, 0.35 to 0.38) kg less weight gain. The associations were more pronounced among obese individuals (per 1-SD increase in HLCD score: BMI ≥30, 0.88 [95% CI, 0.80, 0.97] kg less weight gain; BMI <25, 0.23 [95% CI, 0.20, 0.26] kg less weight gain; P for interaction < .001). Conclusions and Relevance These findings suggest that the quality of LCDs may play a critical role in modulating long-term weight change. Only LCDs that emphasized high-quality protein, fat, and carbohydrates from whole grains and other plant-based foods were associated with less weight gain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binkai Liu
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Yang Hu
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Sharan K. Rai
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Molin Wang
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Frank B. Hu
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Qi Sun
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
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Lechner K, Bock M, von Schacky C, Scherr J, Lorenz E, Lechner B, Haller B, Krannich A, Halle M, Wachter R, Duvinage A, Edelmann F. Trans-fatty acid blood levels of industrial but not natural origin are associated with cardiovascular risk factors in patients with HFpEF: a secondary analysis of the Aldo-DHF trial. Clin Res Cardiol 2023; 112:1541-1554. [PMID: 36640187 PMCID: PMC10584704 DOI: 10.1007/s00392-022-02143-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Industrially processed trans-fatty acids (IP-TFA) have been linked to altered lipoprotein metabolism, inflammation and increased NT-proBNP. In patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), associations of TFA blood levels with patient characteristics are unknown. METHODS This is a secondary analysis of the Aldo-DHF-RCT. From 422 patients, individual blood TFA were analyzed at baseline in n = 404 using the HS-Omega-3-Index® methodology. Patient characteristics were: 67 ± 8 years, 53% female, NYHA II/III (87/13%), ejection fraction ≥ 50%, E/e' 7.1 ± 1.5; NT-proBNP 158 ng/L (IQR 82-298). A principal component analysis was conducted but not used for further analysis as cumulative variance for the first two PCs was low. Spearman's correlation coefficients as well as linear regression analyses, using sex and age as covariates, were used to describe associations of whole blood TFA with metabolic phenotype, functional capacity, echocardiographic markers for LVDF and neurohumoral activation at baseline and after 12 months. RESULTS Blood levels of the naturally occurring TFA C16:1n-7t were inversely associated with dyslipidemia, body mass index/truncal adiposity, surrogate markers for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and inflammation at baseline/12 months. Conversely, IP-TFA C18:1n9t, C18:2n6tt and C18:2n6tc were positively associated with dyslipidemia and isomer C18:2n6ct with dysglycemia. C18:2n6tt and C18:2n6ct were inversely associated with submaximal aerobic capacity at baseline/12 months. No significant association was found between TFA and cardiac function. CONCLUSIONS In HFpEF patients, higher blood levels of IP-TFA, but not naturally occurring TFA, were associated with dyslipidemia, dysglycemia and lower functional capacity. Blood TFAs, in particular C16:1n-7t, warrant further investigation as prognostic markers in HFpEF. Higher blood levels of industrially processed TFA, but not of the naturally occurring TFA C16:1n-7t, are associated with a higher risk cardiometabolic phenotype and prognostic of lower aerobic capacity in patients with HFpEF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Lechner
- Klinik für Herz- und Kreislauferkrankungen, Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner site Munich, Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
- Department of Prevention, Rehabilitation and Sports Medicine, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Matthias Bock
- Klinik für Herz- und Kreislauferkrankungen, Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner site Munich, Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Johannes Scherr
- University Center for Prevention and Sports Medicine, Balgrist University Hospital, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Elke Lorenz
- Klinik für Herz- und Kreislauferkrankungen, Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Benjamin Lechner
- Department of Internal Medicine IV, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich, Germany
| | - Bernhard Haller
- Institute of AI and Informatics in Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Martin Halle
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner site Munich, Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
- Department of Prevention, Rehabilitation and Sports Medicine, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Rolf Wachter
- Clinic and Policlinic for Cardiology, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg-August University, Göttingen, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner site Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - André Duvinage
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner site Munich, Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
- Department of Prevention, Rehabilitation and Sports Medicine, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Frank Edelmann
- Department of Cardiology, Campus Virchow Klinikum (CVK), Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany.
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner site Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
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10
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Dere Yelken H, Elci MP, Turker PF, Demirkaya S. Exploring the role of polyunsaturated fatty acid ratios in modulating neuroinflammation in LPS-induced microglia: A comprehensive in vitro analysis. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 2023; 168:106739. [PMID: 37105440 DOI: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2023.106739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
The study investigated the effect of different omega (ω)- 3 and omega (ω)- 6 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) ratios on cytokine secretion, cell viability, and microglial cell shape in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced microglia. The addition of PUFAs at different ratios, especially ω-3 and ratios of 7/1 and 2/1 ω-6/ω-3, resulted in a significant increase in the ameboid form of microglial cells, as well as more branching of their distal branches. Microglial cells were treated with varying ratios of PUFAs, and their cytokine secretion was measured. The results showed that all PUFA ratios had lower tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α secretion than the control group, higher interleukin (IL)- 4 secretion in the ω-6 group, and less IL-10 secretion most down IL-6 secretion in the 7/1 ratio group. The study suggests that determining the appropriate ω-6/ω-3 consumption ratio, especially the 7/1 and 2/1 ratios, may help manage neuroinflammation, develop dietary models in immune-mediated neurodegenerative diseases, and open up new treatment possibilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Dere Yelken
- Yeditepe University, 26 August Settlement, Atasehir, Istanbul 34755, Turkey.
| | - M P Elci
- University of Health Sciences Gulhane Health Sciences Institute, Gülhane Complex, Etlik, Ankara 06018, Turkey
| | - P F Turker
- Baskent University, Baglica Campus, Eskisehir highway 18.km Etimesgut, Ankara 06790, Turkey
| | - S Demirkaya
- University of Health Sciences, Gulhane Faculty of Medicine, Etlik, Ankara 06018, Turkey
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11
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Zeng W, Jin Q, Wang X. Reassessing the Effects of Dietary Fat on Cardiovascular Disease in China: A Review of the Last Three Decades. Nutrients 2023; 15:4214. [PMID: 37836498 PMCID: PMC10574257 DOI: 10.3390/nu15194214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a leading cause of global mortality, and is considered one of diseases with the most rapid growth rate in China. Numerous studies have indicated a closed relationship between an increased incidence of CVD and dietary factors. Dietary fat is one of the three primary nutrients of consumption; however, high fat dietary in causing CVD has been neglected in some official dietary guidelines. Our present review has analyzed the relationship between dietary fat consumption and CVD in China over the past 30 years (from 1990 to 2019). There is a significant correlation between CVD incidence and mortality for consumption of both vegetable oils and animal fats, per capita consumption, and the relative weight of dietary fat exceeding that of other food ingredients (e.g., salt, fruit, and marine food). For fatty acid species, the proportion of ω6 fatty acid consumption increased, causing a significant increase in the ratios of ω6/ω3 fatty acids, whereas the proportion of monounsaturated fatty acid consumption decreased. Such changes have been considered a characteristic of dietary fat consumption in Chinese residents over the past 30 years, and are closely related to the incidence of CVD. Therefore, we suggest that the government should spread awareness regarding the consumption of dietary fat intake to prevent CVD and related health disorders. The public should be educated to avoid high fat diet and increase the intake of monounsaturated fatty acids and ω3 fatty acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zeng
- State Key Lab of Food Science and Resources, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, China; (W.Z.); (Q.J.)
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medicine, Gannan Medical University, 1 Hexie Avenue, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Qingzhe Jin
- State Key Lab of Food Science and Resources, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, China; (W.Z.); (Q.J.)
| | - Xingguo Wang
- State Key Lab of Food Science and Resources, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, China; (W.Z.); (Q.J.)
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12
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Patro-Golab B, Zalewski BM, Kammermeier M, Schwingshackl L, Koletzko B. Fat Intake and Fat Quality in Pregnant and Lactating Women, Infants, Children, and Adolescents and Related Health Outcomes: A Scoping Review of Systematic Reviews of Prospective Studies. ANNALS OF NUTRITION & METABOLISM 2023; 79:413-422. [PMID: 37611559 DOI: 10.1159/000533757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Dietary fat intake during pregnancy and childhood is important for health. However, several health aspects are inconclusive. METHODS We systematically searched Medline, Cochrane Library, and Epistemonikos for systematic reviews (SRs) of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and/or prospective cohort studies published from January 01, 2015, to December 31, 2019, assessing the association of dietary fat intake (including dietary supplements) during pregnancy and across childhood with pregnancy, perinatal, and child health outcomes. RESULTS Thirty-one SRs, mainly of RCTs, were included. Omega-3 fatty acids supplementation during pregnancy reduced the risk of early preterm birth, and in some SRs also any preterm birth, increased gestation length and birth weight, but mostly was not associated with other pregnancy/perinatal outcomes. Pre- and postnatal polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) intake was not consistently associated with growth, neurological, visual and cognitive outcomes, allergic diseases, cardiovascular, and metabolic health in childhood. Reduced saturated fatty acids (SFAs) intake and its replacement with PUFA/monounsaturated fatty acids had favourable effects on blood pressure and blood lipids in children. No apparent effects of total or trans fat on health outcomes across target groups were observed. CONCLUSION Omega-3 PUFA supplementation during pregnancy and SFA intake reduction in childhood require further consideration in dietary recommendations targeting these populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernadeta Patro-Golab
- Division of Metabolic and Nutritional Medicine, Department of Paediatrics, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, LMU - Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Munich, LMU University Hospital, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Michael Kammermeier
- Division of Metabolic and Nutritional Medicine, Department of Paediatrics, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, LMU - Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Munich, LMU University Hospital, Munich, Germany
| | - Lukas Schwingshackl
- Institute for Evidence in Medicine, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Berthold Koletzko
- Division of Metabolic and Nutritional Medicine, Department of Paediatrics, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, LMU - Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Munich, LMU University Hospital, Munich, Germany
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13
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Torres-Gonzalez M. The Relationship between Whole-Milk Dairy Foods and Metabolic Health Highlights an Opportunity for Dietary Fat Recommendations to Evolve with the State of the Science. Nutrients 2023; 15:3570. [PMID: 37630760 PMCID: PMC10459826 DOI: 10.3390/nu15163570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The science of dietary fats has evolved, and a body of evidence indicates they are complex bioactive nutrients that have different effects on health depending on their food source, chain length, degree of saturation, and other factors that can be affected by food processing, handling, and storage. As such, it is becoming increasingly clear that the effects of foods on obesity and metabolic health cannot be predicted simply with their fat content. The aim of this opinion article is to provide a brief overview of select recent research on the effects of whole-milk dairy foods on body composition and indicators of metabolic health across the lifespan to show the gap between current knowledge and dietary guidance. As the state of the science on dietary fats and human health evolves to consider the complexity of food matrices, the total nutrient package they deliver, and the health impacts associated with dietary patterns, so too must guidelines for dietary fat.
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14
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Wang Q, Zhang H, Jin Q, Wang X. Effects of Dietary Plant-Derived Low-Ratio Linoleic Acid/Alpha-Linolenic Acid on Blood Lipid Profiles: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Foods 2023; 12:3005. [PMID: 37628004 PMCID: PMC10453764 DOI: 10.3390/foods12163005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Revised: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
This meta-analysis aimed to investigate the impact of low-ratio linoleic acid/alpha-linolenic acid (LA/ALA) supplementation on the blood lipid profiles in adults. We conducted a systematic search for relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing the effects of low-ratio LA/ALA using databases including PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, and Web of Science, as well as screened related references up until February 2023. The intervention effects were analyzed adopting weighted mean difference (WMD) and 95% confidence interval (CI). The meta-analysis indicated that low-ratio LA/ALA supplementation decreased total cholesterol (TC, WMD: -0.09 mmol/L, 95% CI: -0.17, -0.01, p = 0.031, I2 = 33.2%), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C, WMD: -0.08 mmol/L, 95% CI: -0.13, -0.02, p = 0.007, I2 = 0.0%), and triglycerides (TG, WMD: -0.05 mmol/L, 95% CI: -0.09, 0.00, p = 0.049, I2 = 0.0%) concentrations. There was no significant effect on high-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentration (HDL-C, WMD: -0.00 mmol/L, 95% CI: -0.02, 0.02, p = 0.895, I2 = 0.0%). Subgroup analysis showed that low-ratio LA/ALA supplementation significantly decreased plasma TC, LDL-C, and TG concentrations when the intervention period was less than 12 weeks. In the subgroup analysis, a noteworthy decrease in both TC and LDL-C levels was observed in individuals receiving low-ratio LA/ALA supplementation in the range of 1-5. These findings suggest that this specific range could potentially be effective in reducing lipid profiles. The findings of this study provide additional evidence supporting the potential role of low-ratio LA/ALA supplementation in reducing TC, LDL-C, and TG concentrations, although no significant impact on HDL-C was observed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Xingguo Wang
- State Key Lab of Food Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
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15
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Kim M, Huda MN, Evans LW, Que E, Gertz ER, Maeda-Smithies N, Bennett BJ. Integrative analysis of hepatic transcriptional profiles reveals genetic regulation of atherosclerosis in hyperlipidemic Diversity Outbred-F1 mice. Sci Rep 2023; 13:9475. [PMID: 37301941 PMCID: PMC10257719 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-35917-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Atherogenesis is an insipidus but precipitating process leading to serious consequences of many cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Numerous genetic loci contributing to atherosclerosis have been identified in human genome-wide association studies, but these studies have limitations in the ability to control environmental factors and to decipher cause/effect relationships. To assess the power of hyperlipidemic Diversity Outbred (DO) mice in facilitating quantitative trait loci (QTL) analysis of complex traits, we generated a high-resolution genetic panel of atherosclerosis susceptible (DO-F1) mouse cohort by crossing 200 DO females with C57BL/6J males carrying two human genes: encoding apolipoprotein E3-Leiden and cholesterol ester transfer protein. We examined atherosclerotic traits including plasma lipids and glucose in the 235 female and 226 male progeny before and after 16 weeks of a high-fat/cholesterol diet, and aortic plaque size at 24 weeks. We also assessed the liver transcriptome using RNA-sequencing. Our QTL mapping for atherosclerotic traits identified one previously reported female-specific QTL on Chr10 with a narrower interval of 22.73 to 30.80 Mb, and one novel male-specific QTL at 31.89 to 40.25 Mb on Chr19. Liver transcription levels of several genes within each QTL were highly correlated with the atherogenic traits. A majority of these candidates have already known atherogenic potential in humans and/or mice, but integrative QTL, eQTL, and correlation analyses further pointed Ptprk as a major candidate of the Chr10 QTL, while Pten and Cyp2c67 of the Chr19 QTL in our DO-F1 cohort. Finally, through additional analyses of RNA-seq data we identified genetic regulation of hepatic transcription factors, including Nr1h3, contributes to atherogenesis in this cohort. Thus, an integrative approach using DO-F1 mice effectively validates the influence of genetic factors on atherosclerosis in DO mice and suggests an opportunity to discover therapeutics in the setting of hyperlipidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myungsuk Kim
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
- Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Gangneung, Gangwon-Do, Republic of Korea
- Division of Bio-Medical Science and Technology, KIST School, University of Science and Technology (UST), Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - M Nazmul Huda
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
- Western Human Nutrition Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, US Department of Agriculture, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Levi W Evans
- Western Human Nutrition Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, US Department of Agriculture, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Excel Que
- Western Human Nutrition Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, US Department of Agriculture, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Erik R Gertz
- Western Human Nutrition Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, US Department of Agriculture, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Nobuyo Maeda-Smithies
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Brian J Bennett
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, CA, USA.
- Western Human Nutrition Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, US Department of Agriculture, Davis, CA, USA.
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16
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Nehme J, Altulea A, Gheorghe T, Demaria M. The effects of macronutrients metabolism on cellular and organismal aging. Biomed J 2023; 46:100585. [PMID: 36801257 PMCID: PMC10209809 DOI: 10.1016/j.bj.2023.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Evidence supports the notion that metabolic pathways are major regulators of organismal aging, and that metabolic perturbations can extend health- and lifespan. For this reason, dietary interventions and compounds perturbing metabolism are currently explored as anti-aging strategies. A common target for metabolic interventions delaying aging is cellular senescence, a state of stable growth arrest that is accompanied by various structural and functional changes including the activation of a pro-inflammatory secretome. Here, we summarize the current knowledge on the molecular and cellular events associated with carbohydrate, lipid and protein metabolism, and define how macronutrients can regulate induction or prevention of cellular senescence. We discuss how various dietary interventions can achieve prevention of disease and extension of healthy longevity by partially modulating senescence-associated phenotypes. We also emphasize the importance of developing personalized nutritional interventions that take into account the current health and age status of the individual.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamil Nehme
- University of Groningen, European Research Institute for the Biology of Aging (ERIBA), University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Abdullah Altulea
- University of Groningen, European Research Institute for the Biology of Aging (ERIBA), University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Teodora Gheorghe
- University of Groningen, European Research Institute for the Biology of Aging (ERIBA), University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Marco Demaria
- University of Groningen, European Research Institute for the Biology of Aging (ERIBA), University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, Netherlands.
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17
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Yánez-Jácome GS, Romero-Estévez D, Vélez-Terreros PY, Navarrete H. Total mercury and fatty acids content in selected fish marketed in Quito - Ecuador. A benefit-risk assessment. Toxicol Rep 2023; 10:647-658. [PMID: 37250532 PMCID: PMC10220416 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2023.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Total mercury and fatty acids contents were determined in muscles of croaker, snapper, dolphinfish, blue marlin, and shark, from different markets in the Metropolitan District of Quito, Ecuador. Fifty-five samples were collected and analyzed for total mercury using cold vapor atomic fluorescence spectrometry, and the fatty acids were analyzed using gas chromatography equipped with a flame ionization detector. The lowest total mercury levels were found in snapper [0.041 µg·g-1 wet weight (ww)] while blue marlin showed the highest (5.883 µg·g-1 ww). EPA + DHA ranged from 1.0 mg·g-1 in snapper to 2.4 mg·g-1 in shark. A high omega-3/omega-6 ratio was found for all fish types; however, the HQEFA for the benefit-risk ratio was above 1, suggesting an evident risk to human health. Based on our results, consumption of croaker and dolphinfish is recommended up to one serving per week, considering the importance of EFAs intake and avoiding fish with elevated MeHg content. Therefore, Ecuadorian authorities could enhance public standards for seafood safety and develop consumer advice for pregnant women and young children to determine good fish choices or those to avoid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela S. Yánez-Jácome
- Centro de Estudios Aplicados en Química, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Quito 170525, Ecuador
| | - David Romero-Estévez
- Centro de Estudios Aplicados en Química, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Quito 170525, Ecuador
| | - Pamela Y. Vélez-Terreros
- Centro de Estudios Aplicados en Química, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Quito 170525, Ecuador
| | - Hugo Navarrete
- Escuela de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Quito 170525, Ecuador
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18
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Kietsiriroje N, Shah H, Zare M, O'Mahoney LL, West DJ, Pearson SM, Ajjan RA, Campbell MD. Dietary fat intake is associated with insulin resistance and an adverse vascular profile in patients with T1D: a pooled analysis. Eur J Nutr 2023; 62:1231-1238. [PMID: 36495341 PMCID: PMC10030402 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-022-03070-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Insulin resistance (IR) increases vascular risk in individuals with Type 1 Diabetes (T1D). We aimed to investigate the relationship between dietary intake and IR, as well as vascular biomarkers in T1D. METHODS Baseline data from three randomised controlled trials were pooled. Estimated glucose disposal rate (eGDR) was used as an IR marker. Employing multivariate nutrient density substitution models, we examined the association between macronutrient composition and IR/vascular biomarkers (tumour necrosis factor-α, fibrinogen, tissue factor activity, and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1). RESULTS Of the 107 patients, 50.5% were male with mean age of 29 ± 6 years. Those with lower eGDR were older with a longer diabetes duration, higher insulin requirements, and an adverse vascular profile (p < 0.05). Patients with higher degrees of IR had higher total energy intake (3192 ± 566 vs. 2772 ± 268 vs. 2626 ± 395 kcal/d for eGDR < 5.1 vs. 5.1-8.6 vs. ≥ 8.7 mg/kg/min, p < 0.001) and consumed a higher absolute and proportional amount of fat (47.6 ± 18.6 vs. 30.4 ± 8.1 vs. 25.8 ± 10.4%, p < 0.001). After adjusting for total energy intake, age, sex, and diabetes duration, increased carbohydrate intake offset by an isoenergetic decrease in fat was associated with higher eGDR (β = 0.103, 95% CI 0.044-0.163). In contrast, increased dietary fat at the expense of dietary protein intake was associated with lower eGDR (β = - 0.119, 95% CI - 0.199 to - 0.040). Replacing fat with 5% isoenergetic amount of carbohydrate resulted in decreased vascular biomarkers (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Higher fat, but not carbohydrate, intake is associated with increased IR and an adverse vascular profile in patients with T1D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noppadol Kietsiriroje
- Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, Thailand
| | - Hanya Shah
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Wellbeing, University of Sunderland, Sunderland, SR1 3SD, UK
| | - Marios Zare
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Wellbeing, University of Sunderland, Sunderland, SR1 3SD, UK
| | - Lauren L O'Mahoney
- Diabetes Research Centre, Leicester General Hospital, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Daniel J West
- Human Nutrition Research Centre, Population Health Sciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK
| | - Sam M Pearson
- Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Ramzi A Ajjan
- Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Matthew D Campbell
- Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Wellbeing, University of Sunderland, Sunderland, SR1 3SD, UK.
- Insutiv, T1D One Life Ltd, London, UK.
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19
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Zhou XR, Liu Q, Singh S. Engineering Nutritionally Improved Edible Plant Oils. Annu Rev Food Sci Technol 2023; 14:247-269. [PMID: 36972153 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-food-052720-104852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
In contrast to traditional breeding, which relies on the identification of mutants, metabolic engineering provides a new platform to modify the oil composition in oil crops for improved nutrition. By altering endogenous genes involved in the biosynthesis pathways, it is possible to modify edible plant oils to increase the content of desired components or reduce the content of undesirable components. However, introduction of novel nutritional components such as omega-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids needs transgenic expression of novel genes in crops. Despite formidable challenges, significant progress in engineering nutritionally improved edible plant oils has recently been achieved, with some commercial products now on the market.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Qing Liu
- CSIRO Agriculture & Food, Canberra, Australia;
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20
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Zainal Arifen ZN, Shahril MR, Shahar S, Mohamad H, Mohd Yazid SFZ, Michael V, Taketo T, Trieu K, Harith S, Ibrahim NH, Abdul Razak S, Mat Jusoh H, Hun Pin C, Lee JS, Mohamed Ismail R, Lai Kuan L, Haron H. Fatty Acid Composition of Selected Street Foods Commonly Available in Malaysia. Foods 2023; 12:foods12061234. [PMID: 36981160 PMCID: PMC10048182 DOI: 10.3390/foods12061234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite growing evidence of increased saturated and trans fat contents in street foods, little is known about their fatty acid (FA) compositions. This study aimed to analyse the saturated fatty acids (SFAs), monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs), polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), and trans fatty acids (TFAs) content of 70 selected and most commonly available street foods in Malaysia. The street foods were categorised into main meals, snacks, and desserts. TFAs were not detected in any of the street foods. Descriptively, all three categories mainly contained SFAs, followed by MUFAs, and PUFAs. However, the one-way ANOVA testing showed that the differences between each category were insignificant (p > 0.05), and each FA was not significantly different (p > 0.05) from one to another. Nearly half of the deep-fried street foods contained medium to high SFAs content (1.7 g/100 g–24.3 g/100 g), while the MUFAs were also high (32.0–44.4%). The Chi-square test of association showed that the type of preparation methods (low or high fat) used was significantly associated (p < 0.05) with the number of SFAs. These findings provide valuable information about fat composition in local street foods for the Malaysian Food Composition Database and highlight the urgency to improve nutritional composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zainorain Natasha Zainal Arifen
- Nutritional Sciences Programme, Centre for Healthy Ageing and Wellness (H-Care), Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia; (Z.N.Z.A.)
| | - Mohd Razif Shahril
- Nutritional Sciences Programme, Centre for Healthy Ageing and Wellness (H-Care), Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia; (Z.N.Z.A.)
| | - Suzana Shahar
- Dietetic Programme, Centre for Healthy Ageing and Wellness (H-Care), Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia
| | - Hamdan Mohamad
- Non-Communicable Disease Section, Disease Control Division, Ministry of Health, Putrajaya 62590, Malaysia
| | | | - Viola Michael
- Enforcement Section, Allied Health Sciences Division, Ministry of Health, Putrajaya 62050, Malaysia
| | - Tanaka Taketo
- Representative Office for Malaysia, Brunei Darussalam, and Singapore, World Health Organization, Cyberjaya 63000, Malaysia
| | - Kathy Trieu
- The George Institute for Global Health Level 5, 1 King St, Newtown, NSW 2042, Australia
| | - Sakinah Harith
- Nutrition & Dietetic Programme, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Kuala Nerus 21300, Malaysia
| | - Nor Hayati Ibrahim
- Faculty of Fisheries and Food Science, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus 21030, Malaysia
| | - Shariza Abdul Razak
- Nutrition Programme, School of Health Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Malaysia
| | - Hanapi Mat Jusoh
- Department of Nutrition Sciences, Kulliyyah of Allied Health Sciences, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuantan 25200, Malaysia
| | - Chua Hun Pin
- Food Science and Technology Research Centre, Malaysia Agricultural Research and Development Institute, Kuching 93050, Malaysia
| | - Jau-Shya Lee
- Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu 88400, Malaysia
| | | | - Lee Lai Kuan
- Food Technology Programme, School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Gelugor 11800, Malaysia
| | - Hasnah Haron
- Nutritional Sciences Programme, Centre for Healthy Ageing and Wellness (H-Care), Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia; (Z.N.Z.A.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +60-3-9289-7457
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Heitkamp HC. [Current aspects on nutrition in hypercholesterolemia]. Wien Med Wochenschr 2023; 173:90-96. [PMID: 35377094 DOI: 10.1007/s10354-022-00916-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND New European and American guidelines for nutrition in hypercholesterolemia coincided with a lowered target value for LDL(Low density lipoprotein)-cholesterol. METHODS Guidelines, their development and supporting meta-analyses were searched in Medline/PubMed and Cochrane database and analyzed for the influence of fat, carbohydrates and protein on reduction of LDL-cholesterol as well as the differences between European and American guidelines. RESULTS In contrast to European guidelines, American guidelines increasingly refrain from controlling fat in nutrition, based on studies on the influence of nutrition on LDL-cholesterol and saturated fat; instead, monosaccharides and disaccharides are to be reduced from 15% to 10% of total calories for avoidance of high LDL-cholesterol and a non-alcoholic fatty liver. In predisposed persons the ratio of triglycerides to HDL-cholesterol should be checked when controlling LDL-cholesterol, an early indicator of type 2 diabetes mellitus and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Substituting animal fat with plant fat hardly influences LDL-cholesterol. Whole fat milk should be consumed as a source of protein. The nutritional pattern is more important than single components. CONCLUSION Fat content in nutrition is increasingly less important in hypercholesterolemia but the reduction of monosaccharides and disaccharides gains importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hans-Christian Heitkamp
- Institut für Sportmedizin, Fakultät Naturwissenschaften, Universität Paderborn, Warburgerstr. 100, 33098, Paderborn, Deutschland.
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22
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Effect of Modified-Hen-Egg-Yolk-Lipid-Composition Diet on Plasma Lipids in Rats. MACEDONIAN VETERINARY REVIEW 2023. [DOI: 10.2478/macvetrev-2023-0013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation with modified-hen-egg-yolk on plasma lipids and lipoprotein profiles in rats. During the four-week-experiment, 64 Wistar rats were divided into four groups of 16 (eight of both sexes), and fed commercial rat food (group C); food containing 70% commercial rat mixture and 30% freshly cooked egg yolk originating from laying hen eggs fed with 3% fish oil (group F); 3% palm olein (group P), or 3% lard (group L). The cooked egg yolk in the rat diet affected the concentrations of plasma total and LDL-cholesterol in males of the P and L groups. Cholesterol and total fat in the diet did not have a hypercholesterolemic effect on their own, but when in combination with fatty acid composition, they could contribute to an increase in plasma total and LDL cholesterol concentrations in rats. HDL-cholesterol was the most resilient plasma lipoprotein of rats to dietary treatments in our experiment. Compared to the control group, the addition of hen egg yolk to the rat diet regardless of its quality, adversely affected the values of HDL-C/TC and HDL-C/LDL-C in both males and females.
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23
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Feeney EL, Daly A, Dunne S, Dible V, Barron R, Seratlic S, Jacquier JC, O'Sullivan M, Beresford T, Jensen SK, Gibney ER. Effect of reduced-calcium and high-calcium cheddar cheese consumption on the excretion of faecal fat: a 2-week cross-over dietary intervention study. Eur J Nutr 2023; 62:1755-1765. [PMID: 36820883 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-023-03118-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Studies show that dairy fat consumed in the form of cheese reduce LDL-cholesterol concentration (LDL-c) compared to butter and mechanistic suggestions include the calcium content of cheese leading to enhanced faecal fat excretion. The aim of this study was to test the effect of varying the calcium content within a cheese, on faecal fat excretion as a primary outcome, and blood lipid markers, fasting glucose and calcium excretion as secondary outcomes. METHODS 7 healthy males (BMI 18-25) participated in this randomized, cross-over control intervention, of 3 × 2 week periods. Diets contained 240 g/day cheese; a High Calcium Cheese (HCC) diet, a Reduced Calcium Cheese (RCC) diet, and a control arm: Reduced Calcium Cheese + CaCO3 Supplement (RCC + Supp) diet. Diets differed in calcium content and form but were otherwise controlled for energy and key macronutrients. Blood and 5-day faecal samples were collected. RESULTS There was no significant difference in faecal fat excretion (g/day) between the diets (P = 0.066). Percent fat of faecel excretion was higher after RCC + Supp (P = 0.016). None of the individual fatty acids were different. Fasting LDL-c was significantly lower following the HCC diet vs. the other arms (P = 0.002). Faecal Ca was different across all diets (P = 0.001), lowest after RCC, and greatest after RCC + Supp. No differences were observed for fasting blood parameters or changes in anthropometry. CONCLUSION Varying the calcium content within a cheese matrix significantly affected fasting LDL-c values. Results did not support higher faecal fat excretion as an underlying mechanism, but the high attrition rate was a limitation. Trial registerer Trial Registered at ISRCTN.org, registration number ISRCTN11663659 on 12.07.2022. Retrospectively registered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma L Feeney
- UCD Institute of Food and Health, Science Centre South, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland.
| | - Aisling Daly
- UCD Institute of Food and Health, Science Centre South, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Simone Dunne
- UCD Institute of Food and Health, Science Centre South, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Victoria Dible
- UCD Institute of Food and Health, Science Centre South, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Rebecca Barron
- UCD Institute of Food and Health, Science Centre South, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Sanja Seratlic
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, P61 C996, Co. Cork, Ireland
| | - J C Jacquier
- UCD Institute of Food and Health, Science Centre South, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Michael O'Sullivan
- UCD Institute of Food and Health, Science Centre South, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Tom Beresford
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, P61 C996, Co. Cork, Ireland
| | - Søren Krogh Jensen
- Department of Animal Science, Aarhus University, Blichers Allé 20, Postboks 50, 8830, Tjele, Denmark
| | - Eileen R Gibney
- UCD Institute of Food and Health, Science Centre South, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
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24
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Ong KL, Marklund M, Huang L, Rye KA, Hui N, Pan XF, Rebholz CM, Kim H, Steffen LM, van Westing AC, Geleijnse JM, Hoogeveen EK, Chen YY, Chien KL, Fretts AM, Lemaitre RN, Imamura F, Forouhi NG, Wareham NJ, Birukov A, Jäger S, Kuxhaus O, Schulze MB, de Mello VD, Tuomilehto J, Uusitupa M, Lindström J, Tintle N, Harris WS, Yamasaki K, Hirakawa Y, Ninomiya T, Tanaka T, Ferrucci L, Bandinelli S, Virtanen JK, Voutilainen A, Jayasena T, Thalamuthu A, Poljak A, Bustamante S, Sachdev PS, Senn MK, Rich SS, Tsai MY, Wood AC, Laakso M, Lankinen M, Yang X, Sun L, Li H, Lin X, Nowak C, Ärnlöv J, Risérus U, Lind L, Le Goff M, Samieri C, Helmer C, Qian F, Micha R, Tin A, Köttgen A, de Boer IH, Siscovick DS, Mozaffarian D, Wu JH. Association of omega 3 polyunsaturated fatty acids with incident chronic kidney disease: pooled analysis of 19 cohorts. BMJ 2023; 380:e072909. [PMID: 36653033 PMCID: PMC9846698 DOI: 10.1136/bmj-2022-072909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the prospective associations of circulating levels of omega 3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (n-3 PUFA) biomarkers (including plant derived α linolenic acid and seafood derived eicosapentaenoic acid, docosapentaenoic acid, and docosahexaenoic acid) with incident chronic kidney disease (CKD). DESIGN Pooled analysis. DATA SOURCES A consortium of 19 studies from 12 countries identified up to May 2020. STUDY SELECTION Prospective studies with measured n-3 PUFA biomarker data and incident CKD based on estimated glomerular filtration rate. DATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESIS Each participating cohort conducted de novo analysis with prespecified and consistent exposures, outcomes, covariates, and models. The results were pooled across cohorts using inverse variance weighted meta-analysis. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Primary outcome of incident CKD was defined as new onset estimated glomerular filtration rate <60 mL/min/1.73 m2. In a sensitivity analysis, incident CKD was defined as new onset estimated glomerular filtration rate <60 mL/min/1.73 m2 and <75% of baseline rate. RESULTS 25 570 participants were included in the primary outcome analysis and 4944 (19.3%) developed incident CKD during follow-up (weighted median 11.3 years). In multivariable adjusted models, higher levels of total seafood n-3 PUFAs were associated with a lower incident CKD risk (relative risk per interquintile range 0.92, 95% confidence interval 0.86 to 0.98; P=0.009, I2=9.9%). In categorical analyses, participants with total seafood n-3 PUFA level in the highest fifth had 13% lower risk of incident CKD compared with those in the lowest fifth (0.87, 0.80 to 0.96; P=0.005, I2=0.0%). Plant derived α linolenic acid levels were not associated with incident CKD (1.00, 0.94 to 1.06; P=0.94, I2=5.8%). Similar results were obtained in the sensitivity analysis. The association appeared consistent across subgroups by age (≥60 v <60 years), estimated glomerular filtration rate (60-89 v ≥90 mL/min/1.73 m2), hypertension, diabetes, and coronary heart disease at baseline. CONCLUSIONS Higher seafood derived n-3 PUFA levels were associated with lower risk of incident CKD, although this association was not found for plant derived n-3 PUFAs. These results support a favourable role for seafood derived n-3 PUFAs in preventing CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwok Leung Ong
- Lipid Research Group, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Matti Marklund
- The George Institute for Global Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- The Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Liping Huang
- The George Institute for Global Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Kerry-Anne Rye
- Lipid Research Group, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Nicholas Hui
- Lipid Research Group, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Xiong-Fei Pan
- The George Institute for Global Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Shuangliu Institute of Women's and Children's Health, Shuangliu Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Casey M Rebholz
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Hyunju Kim
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Lyn M Steffen
- University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Anniek C van Westing
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Johanna M Geleijnse
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ellen K Hoogeveen
- Department of Nephrology, Jeroen Bosch Hospital, Den Bosch, The Netherlands
- Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Heart Rhythm Center, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | - Kuo-Liong Chien
- Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Amanda M Fretts
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Fumiaki Imamura
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, UK
| | - Nita G Forouhi
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, UK
| | - Nicholas J Wareham
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, UK
| | - Anna Birukov
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Susanne Jäger
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Olga Kuxhaus
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Matthias B Schulze
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Vanessa Derenji de Mello
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Jaakko Tuomilehto
- Population Health Unit, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Saudi Diabetes Research Group, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Matti Uusitupa
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Jaana Lindström
- Population Health Unit, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Nathan Tintle
- The Fatty Acid Research Institute, Sioux Falls, SD, USA
- Department of Population Health Nursing Science, College of Nursing, University of Illinois-Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - William S Harris
- The Fatty Acid Research Institute, Sioux Falls, SD, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Sanford School of Medicine, University of South Dakota, Sioux Falls, SD, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Keisuke Yamasaki
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yoichiro Hirakawa
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Toshiharu Ninomiya
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Toshiko Tanaka
- Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institute of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Luigi Ferrucci
- Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institute of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Jyrki K Virtanen
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Ari Voutilainen
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Tharusha Jayasena
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Anbupalam Thalamuthu
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Anne Poljak
- Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Sonia Bustamante
- Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | | | - Mackenzie K Senn
- USDA/ARS Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Stephen S Rich
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Michael Y Tsai
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Alexis C Wood
- USDA/ARS Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Markku Laakso
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Department of Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Maria Lankinen
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Xiaowei Yang
- Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Liang Sun
- Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Huaixing Li
- Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xu Lin
- Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Systems Health Science of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Christoph Nowak
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden
| | - Johan Ärnlöv
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden
| | - Ulf Risérus
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Lars Lind
- Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Mélanie Le Goff
- Bordeaux Population Health Research Centre, INSERM, UMR 1219, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Cécilia Samieri
- Bordeaux Population Health Research Centre, INSERM, UMR 1219, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Catherine Helmer
- Bordeaux Population Health Research Centre, INSERM, UMR 1219, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Frank Qian
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Renata Micha
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Thessaly, Karditsa, Greece
- The Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Adrienne Tin
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Anna Köttgen
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Data Driven Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Centre, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ian H de Boer
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Kidney Research Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Puget Sound VA Healthcare System, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Dariush Mozaffarian
- The Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jason Hy Wu
- The George Institute for Global Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Population Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Calzada C, Vors C, Penhoat A, Cheillan D, Michalski MC. Role of circulating sphingolipids in lipid metabolism: Why dietary lipids matter. Front Nutr 2023; 9:1108098. [PMID: 36712523 PMCID: PMC9874159 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1108098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Sphingolipids are structural components of cell membranes and lipoproteins but also act as signaling molecules in many pathophysiological processes. Although sphingolipids comprise a small part of the plasma lipidome, some plasma sphingolipids are recognized as implicated in the development of metabolic diseases and cardiovascular diseases. Plasma sphingolipids are mostly carried out into lipoproteins and may modulate their functional properties. Lipids ingested from the diet contribute to the plasma lipid pool besides lipids produced by the liver and released from the adipose tissue. Depending on their source, quality and quantity, dietary lipids may modulate sphingolipids both in plasma and lipoproteins. A few human dietary intervention studies investigated the impact of dietary lipids on circulating sphingolipids and lipid-related cardiovascular risk markers. On the one hand, dietary saturated fatty acids, mainly palmitic acid, may increase ceramide concentrations in plasma, triglyceride-rich lipoproteins and HDL. On the other hand, milk polar lipids may decrease some molecular species of sphingomyelins and ceramides in plasma and intestine-derived chylomicrons. Altogether, different dietary fatty acids and lipid species can modulate circulating sphingolipids vehicled by postprandial lipoproteins, which should be part of future nutritional strategies for prevention of cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Calzada
- Univ-Lyon, CarMeN Laboratory, Inserm U1060, INRAE UMR1397, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Pierre Bénite, France,*Correspondence: Catherine Calzada ✉
| | - Cécile Vors
- Univ-Lyon, CarMeN Laboratory, Inserm U1060, INRAE UMR1397, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Pierre Bénite, France
| | - Armelle Penhoat
- Univ-Lyon, CarMeN Laboratory, Inserm U1060, INRAE UMR1397, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Pierre Bénite, France
| | - David Cheillan
- Univ-Lyon, CarMeN Laboratory, Inserm U1060, INRAE UMR1397, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Pierre Bénite, France,Service de Biochimie et de Biologie Moléculaire, Centre de Biologie et de Pathologie Est, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron, France
| | - Marie-Caroline Michalski
- Univ-Lyon, CarMeN Laboratory, Inserm U1060, INRAE UMR1397, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Pierre Bénite, France
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We are what we eat: The role of lipids in metabolic diseases. ADVANCES IN FOOD AND NUTRITION RESEARCH 2023. [PMID: 37516463 DOI: 10.1016/bs.afnr.2022.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Lipids play a fundamental role, both structurally and functionally, for the correct functioning of the organism. In the last two decades, they have evolved from molecules involved only in energy storage to compounds that play an important role as components of cell membranes and signaling molecules that regulate cell homeostasis. For this reason, their interest as compounds involved in human health has been gaining weight. Indeed, lipids derived from dietary sources and endogenous biosynthesis are relevant for the pathophysiology of numerous diseases. There exist pathological conditions that are characterized by alterations in lipid metabolism. This is particularly true for metabolic diseases, such as liver steatosis, type 2 diabetes, cancer and cardiovascular diseases. The main issue to be considered is lipid homeostasis. A precise control of fat homeostasis is required for a correct regulation of metabolic pathways and safe and efficient energy storage in adipocytes. When this fails, a deregulation occurs in the maintenance of systemic metabolism. This happens because an increased concentrations of lipids impair cellular homeostasis and disrupt tissue function, giving rise to lipotoxicity. Fat accumulation results in many alterations in the physiology of the affected organs, mainly in metabolic tissues. These alterations include the activation of oxidative and endoplasmic reticulum stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, increased inflammation, accumulation of bioactive molecules and modification of gene expression. In this chapter, we review the main metabolic diseases in which alterations in lipid homeostasis are involved and discuss their pathogenic mechanisms.
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Yang L, Yang C, Chu C, Wan M, Xu D, Pan D, Xia H, Wang SK, Shu G, Chen S, Sun G. Beneficial effects of monounsaturated fatty acid-rich blended oils with an appropriate polyunsaturated/saturated fatty acid ratio and a low n-6/n-3 fatty acid ratio on the health of rats. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2022; 102:7172-7185. [PMID: 35727941 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.12083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The effects of dietary fat on health are influenced by its fatty acid profile. We aimed to determine the effects of monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA)-rich blended oils (BO) containing a balance of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and saturated fatty acids (SFAs) and with a low n-6/n-3 PUFA ratio on the health of rats fed normal or high-fat diets. The BO was obtained by mixing red palm oil, rice bran oil (RO), tea seed oil and flaxseed oil in appropriate proportions. RESULTS BO consumption reduced the serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA), insulin (INS), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-1 (IL-1), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), malondialdehyde (MDA), lipid peroxide (LPO) and oxidized LDL (ox-LDL) concentrations and the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR); it increased the high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) concentrations, and the bone mineral density (BMD) versus control oil-containing normal and high-fat diets. BO also reduced the triglyceride (TG), hs-CRP, MDA, ox-LDL and reactive oxygen species (ROS) concentrations; and increased the serum HDL-C and SOD, and BMD versus RO-containing high-fat diets. Finally, BO reduced the glucose (GLU) and INS, and HOMA-IR; it increased HDL-C, SOD, femoral weight and BMD versus RO-containing normal diets. CONCLUSION BOs with an appropriate fatty acid profile have beneficial effects on the glucolipid metabolism, inflammation, oxidative stress and bone quality of rats when included in both normal and high-fat diets. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ligang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chao Yang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chu Chu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Min Wan
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Dengfeng Xu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Da Pan
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hui Xia
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shao Kang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Guofang Shu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Zhongda Hospital of Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shiqing Chen
- Palm Oil Research and Technical Service Institute of Malaysian Palm Oil Board, Shanghai, China
| | - Guiju Sun
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
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Leikin-Frenkel A, Cohen H, Keshet R, Shnerb-GanOr R, Kandel-Kfir M, Harari A, Hollander KS, Shaish A, Harats D, Kamari Y. The effect of α-linolenic acid enrichment in perinatal diets in preventing high fat diet-induced SCD1 increased activity and lipid disarray in adult offspring of low density lipoprotein receptor knockout (LDLRKO) mice. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2022; 184:102475. [PMID: 35940045 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2022.102475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The present study examined the effects of maternal perinatal dietary ALA enrichment on the high fat diet (HFD)-induced lipid disarray in the adult offspring of low density lipoprotein receptor knock-out (LDLRKO) mice. Female LDLRKO mice received, during pregnancy and lactation, isocaloric diets with either corn oil, RD, or flax oil, ALA. The weaning offspring was given a regular chow diet for a washout period of eight weeks, which was followed by HFD for eight weeks. Plasma and liver lipids and SCD1 activity were then analyzed. The HFD-fed RD adult offspring had substantially higher plasma cholesterol levels than the HFD-fed ALA offspring (15.7 versus 9.7 mmole/l, p<0.00001) and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) (65.0 versus 23.9 mg/g lipids, p<0.00001). Liver lipids oleic acid (OA) content and monounsaturated to saturated fatty acids (MUFA/SAT) ratio, were two times lower in RD compared to ALA (p<0.0001). The threefold HFD-induced SCD1 raised activity (p<0.00001), and OA produced from SA, observed in RD adult offspring were prevented by perinatal ALA. In conclusion, the resilience of SCD1 to HFD- induced increased activity may account for the beneficial effects of perinatal ALA dietary enrichment in preventing NAFLD and hypercholesterolemia from occurring in adult LDLRKO offspring mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Leikin-Frenkel
- The Bert W. Strassburger Metabolic Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, 5265601, Israel; Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, 69978, Israel.
| | - H Cohen
- The Bert W. Strassburger Metabolic Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, 5265601, Israel; Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, 69978, Israel
| | - R Keshet
- The Bert W. Strassburger Metabolic Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, 5265601, Israel
| | - R Shnerb-GanOr
- The Bert W. Strassburger Metabolic Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, 5265601, Israel
| | - M Kandel-Kfir
- The Bert W. Strassburger Metabolic Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, 5265601, Israel
| | - A Harari
- The Bert W. Strassburger Metabolic Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, 5265601, Israel
| | - K S Hollander
- Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, 69978, Israel
| | - A Shaish
- The Bert W. Strassburger Metabolic Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, 5265601, Israel; Achva Academic College, Israel
| | - D Harats
- The Bert W. Strassburger Metabolic Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, 5265601, Israel; Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, 69978, Israel
| | - Y Kamari
- The Bert W. Strassburger Metabolic Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, 5265601, Israel; Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, 69978, Israel
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López-Montoya P, Cerqueda-García D, Rodríguez-Flores M, López-Contreras B, Villamil-Ramírez H, Morán-Ramos S, Molina-Cruz S, Rivera-Paredez B, Antuna-Puente B, Velázquez-Cruz R, Villarreal-Molina T, Canizales-Quinteros S. Association of Gut Microbiota with Atherogenic Dyslipidemia, and Its Impact on Serum Lipid Levels after Bariatric Surgery. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14173545. [PMID: 36079803 PMCID: PMC9460232 DOI: 10.3390/nu14173545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Gut microbiota has been suggested to modulate circulating lipids. However, the relationship between the gut microbiota and atherogenic dyslipidemia (AD), defined as the presence of both low HDL-C and hypertriglyceridemia, is not fully understood. Moreover, because obesity is among the main causes of secondary AD, it is important to analyze the effect of gut microbiota composition on lipid profiles after a weight loss intervention. We compared the microbial diversity and taxonomic composition in patients with AD (n = 41) and controls (n = 38) and sought correlations of genera abundance with serum lipid levels in 20 patients after weight loss induced by Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) surgery. Gut microbiota composition was profiled using next-generation sequencing of 16S rRNA. Gut microbiota diversity was significantly lower in atherogenic dyslipidemia. Moreover, relative abundance of two genera with LDA score >3.5 (Megasphaera and LPS-producing Escherichia-Shigella), was significantly higher in AD subjects, while the abundance of four short chain fatty acids (SCFA) producing-genera (Christensenellaceae R-7, Ruminococcaceae UCG-014; Akkermansia and [Eubacterium] eligens group) was significantly higher in controls. Notably, [Eubacterium] eligens group abundance was also significantly associated with higher HDL-C levels in RYGB patients one year after surgery. Although dietary polyunsaturated fatty acid/saturated fatty acid (PUFA/SFA) ratio and PUFA intake were higher in controls than in AD subjects, of the four genera differentiated in cases and controls, only Akkermansia abundance showed a positive and significant correlation with PUFA/SFA ratio. Our results suggest that SCFA-producing bacteria promote a healthy lipid homeostasis, while the presence of LPS-producing bacteria such Escherichia-Shigella may contribute to the development of atherogenic dyslipidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priscilla López-Montoya
- Unidad de Genómica de Poblaciones Aplicada a la Salud, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Mexico City 14610, Mexico
- Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica (INMEGEN), Mexico City 14610, Mexico
- Programa de Maestría en Ciencias Bioquímicas, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Mexico City 04510, Mexico
| | - Daniel Cerqueda-García
- Unidad de Genómica de Poblaciones Aplicada a la Salud, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Mexico City 14610, Mexico
- Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica (INMEGEN), Mexico City 14610, Mexico
| | - Marcela Rodríguez-Flores
- Unidad de Investigación de Enfermedades Metabólicas, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
| | - Blanca López-Contreras
- Unidad de Genómica de Poblaciones Aplicada a la Salud, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Mexico City 14610, Mexico
- Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica (INMEGEN), Mexico City 14610, Mexico
| | - Hugo Villamil-Ramírez
- Unidad de Genómica de Poblaciones Aplicada a la Salud, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Mexico City 14610, Mexico
- Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica (INMEGEN), Mexico City 14610, Mexico
| | - Sofía Morán-Ramos
- Unidad de Genómica de Poblaciones Aplicada a la Salud, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Mexico City 14610, Mexico
- Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica (INMEGEN), Mexico City 14610, Mexico
| | - Selene Molina-Cruz
- Unidad de Genómica de Poblaciones Aplicada a la Salud, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Mexico City 14610, Mexico
- Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica (INMEGEN), Mexico City 14610, Mexico
- Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Mexico City 04510, Mexico
| | - Berenice Rivera-Paredez
- Centro de Investigación en Políticas, Población y Salud (CIPPS), Facultad de Medicina-UNAM, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
| | - Bárbara Antuna-Puente
- Infection Disease Division, Department of Medicine, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON K7L3N6, Canada
| | | | | | - Samuel Canizales-Quinteros
- Unidad de Genómica de Poblaciones Aplicada a la Salud, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Mexico City 14610, Mexico
- Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica (INMEGEN), Mexico City 14610, Mexico
- Correspondence:
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Duan H, Li J, Yu L, Fan L. The road ahead of dietary restriction on anti-aging: focusing on personalized nutrition. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 64:891-908. [PMID: 35950606 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2110034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Dietary restriction (DR), including caloric restriction (CR), intermittent fasting (IF), and restriction of specific food compositions, can delay aging, and the main mechanisms include regulation of nutrient-sensing pathways and gut microbiota. However, the effects of DR regimens on longevity remain controversial, as some studies have demonstrated that IF, rather than CR or diet composition, influences longevity, while other studies have shown that the restricted-carbohydrate or -protein diets, rather than CR, determine health and longevity. Many factors, including DR-related factors (carbohydrate or protein composition, degree and duration of DR), and individual differences (health status, sex, genotype, and age of starting DR), would be used to explain the controversial anti-aging effects of DR, thus highlighting the necessity of precise DR intervention for anti-aging. Personalized DR intervention in humans is challenging because of the lack of accurate aging molecular biomarkers and vast individual variability. Using machine learning to build a predictive model based on the data set of clinical features, gut microbiome and metabolome, may be a good method to achieve precise DR intervention. Therefore, this review analyzed the anti-aging effects of various DR regimens, summarized their mechanisms and influencing factors, and proposed a future research direction for achieving personalized DR regimens for slowing aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Jinwei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Leilei Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Probiotics at, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Liuping Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
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Asyrul-Izhar AB, Bakar J, Sazili AQ, Meng GY, Ismail-Fitry MR. Incorporation of Different Physical Forms of Fat Replacers in the Production of Low-Fat/ Reduced-Fat Meat Products: Which is More Practical? FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/87559129.2022.2108439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Abu Bakar Asyrul-Izhar
- Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Jamilah Bakar
- Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Awis Qurni Sazili
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Goh Yong Meng
- Department of Veterinary Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
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Cao M, Zhang X, Zhu Y, Liu Y, Ma L, Chen X, Zou L, Liu W. Enhancing the physicochemical performance of myofibrillar gels using Pickering emulsion fillers: Rheology, microstructure and stability. Food Hydrocoll 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2022.107606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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Liu D, Zhou L, Yang M, McIntyre RS, Cao B. Oxidative Stress Mediates the Association Between Dietary Fat Intake and Cognition in US Older Adults. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry 2022; 30:761-773. [PMID: 35151552 DOI: 10.1016/j.jagp.2022.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Dietary fat intake was considered as a modifiable factor influencing cognitive performance. The objective was to 1) examine the associations between different types of dietary fat intakes and cognitive outcomes among elder adults (≥60 years old); 2) assess whether peripheral oxidative stress and antioxidant biomarkers are potential mediators of dietary fat intake and cognitive impairment relationship. METHODS Using data from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2011-2014, total fat, saturated fatty acid (SFAT), monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA), polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA), cholesterol, ω-3 and ω-6 fatty acids were used to evaluate dietary fat intakes. Cognitive outcomes were assessed by word learning and recall modules from the consortium to establish a registry for Alzheimer's Disease (CERAD), animal fluency test, and digit symbol substitution test (DSST). Antioxidant biomarkers were assessed by gamma glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT), bilirubin, uric acid, and vitamin D levels. Linear regression models and causal mediation analysis were applied to quantify the associations. RESULTS A total of 2,253 elder adults were included in the data analyses. Dietary intake of PUFA and ω-6 fatty acid were positively associated with DSST [β (95% CI): 0.06 (0.01,0.10), t statistic = 2.39, df= 2238, p = 0.02; β (95% CI): 0.06 (0.01,0.11), t statistic = 2.54, df= 2238, p = 0.01, respectively]. GGT was negatively associated with DSST [β (95% CI): -0.04 (-0.07, -0.01), t statistic = -2.73, df= 2239, p = 0.01], whereas uric acid was positively associated with CERAD total score [β (95% CI): 0.04 (0.00,0.08), t statistic = 2.03, df= 2233, p = 0.04]. The association between dietary intake of PUFA/ω -3/ω -6 and DSST performance was partially mediated by GGT level. CONCLUSION Our findings support that PUFAs in dietary sources were associated with lower risks for cognitive impairment partially via lowering oxidative stress. Dietary PUFA supplementation may potentially reduce risk of cognitive impairment via antioxidative mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Liu
- Population Health Sciences (DL), German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
| | - Long Zhou
- Department of Cardiology (LZ), Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Ming Yang
- The Center of Gerontology and Geriatrics (MY), West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; Precision Medicine Research Center (MY), West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Roger S McIntyre
- Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit (RSM), University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Bing Cao
- School of Psychology and Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (Ministry of Education) (BC), Southwest University, Chongqing, P. R. China.
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Xu AA, Kennedy LK, Hoffman K, White DL, Kanwal F, El-Serag HB, Petrosino JF, Jiao L. Dietary Fatty Acid Intake and the Colonic Gut Microbiota in Humans. Nutrients 2022; 14:2722. [PMID: 35807903 PMCID: PMC9268849 DOI: 10.3390/nu14132722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2022] [Revised: 06/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A high-fat diet has been associated with systemic diseases in humans and alterations in gut microbiota in animal studies. However, the influence of dietary fatty acid intake on gut microbiota in humans has not been well studied. In this cross-sectional study, we examined the association between intake of total fatty acids (TFAs), saturated fatty acids (SFAs), trans fatty acids (TrFAs), monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs), polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), n3-FAs, and n6-FAs, and the community composition and structure of the adherent colonic gut microbiota. We obtained 97 colonic biopsies from 34 participants with endoscopically normal colons. Microbial DNA was used to sequence the 16S rRNA V4 region. The DADA2 and SILVA database were used for amplicon sequence variant assignment. Dietary data were collected using the Block food frequency questionnaire. The biodiversity and the relative abundance of the bacterial taxa by higher vs. lower fat intake were compared using the Mann−Whitney test followed by multivariable negative binomial regression model. False discovery rate−adjusted p-values (q value) < 0.05 indicated statistical significance. The beta diversity of gut bacteria differed significantly by intake of all types of fatty acids. The relative abundance of Sutterella was significantly higher with higher intake of TFAs, MUFAs, PUFAs, and n6-FAs. The relative abundance of Tyzzerella and Fusobacterium was significantly higher with higher intake of SFAs. Tyzzerella was also higher with higher intake of TrFA. These observations were confirmed by multivariate analyses. Dietary fat intake was associated with bacterial composition and structure. Sutterella, Fusobacterium, and Tyzzerella were associated with fatty acid intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony A. Xu
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (A.A.X.); (L.K.K.); (D.L.W.); (F.K.); (H.B.E.-S.)
| | - Luke K. Kennedy
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (A.A.X.); (L.K.K.); (D.L.W.); (F.K.); (H.B.E.-S.)
| | - Kristi Hoffman
- The Alkek Center for Metagenomics and Microbiome Research, Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (K.H.); (J.F.P.)
| | - Donna L. White
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (A.A.X.); (L.K.K.); (D.L.W.); (F.K.); (H.B.E.-S.)
- Center for Innovations in Quality, Effectiveness and Safety, Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Texas Medical Center Digestive Disease Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Fasiha Kanwal
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (A.A.X.); (L.K.K.); (D.L.W.); (F.K.); (H.B.E.-S.)
- Center for Innovations in Quality, Effectiveness and Safety, Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Texas Medical Center Digestive Disease Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Section of Gastroenterology, Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Hashem B. El-Serag
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (A.A.X.); (L.K.K.); (D.L.W.); (F.K.); (H.B.E.-S.)
- Center for Innovations in Quality, Effectiveness and Safety, Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Texas Medical Center Digestive Disease Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Section of Gastroenterology, Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Joseph F. Petrosino
- The Alkek Center for Metagenomics and Microbiome Research, Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (K.H.); (J.F.P.)
| | - Li Jiao
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (A.A.X.); (L.K.K.); (D.L.W.); (F.K.); (H.B.E.-S.)
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Silva Gomes R, Machado Júnior R, Freitas de Almeida C, Lourenço de Oliveira R, Ravaneli Chagas R, Duarte Pereira E, Teixeira Delazari F, José Henriques da Silva D. Identification of high seed oil yield and high oleic acid content in Brazilian germplasm of winter squash ( Cucurbita moschata D.). Saudi J Biol Sci 2022; 29:2280-2290. [PMID: 35531252 PMCID: PMC9073059 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.11.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Cucurbita moschata D. seed oil contains approximately 75% unsaturated fatty acids, with high levels of monounsaturated fatty acids and antioxidant compounds such as vitamin E and carotenoids, constituting a promising food in nutritional terms. In addition, the Brazilian germplasm of C. moschata exhibits remarkable variability, representing an important source for the genetic breeding of this vegetable and other cucurbits. The present study evaluated the productivity and profile of the seed oil of 91C. moschata accessions from different regions of Brazil maintained in the Vegetable Germplasm Bank of the Federal University of Viçosa (BGH-UFV). A field experiment was conducted between January and July 2016. The accessions showed high genetic variability in terms of characteristics related to seed oil productivity (SOP), such as the weight of seeds per fruit and productivity of seeds, providing predicted selection gains of 29.39 g and 0.26 t ha-1, respectively. Based on the phenotypic and genotypic correlations, a greater SOP can be achieved while maintaining a high oleic acid concentration and low linoleic acid concentration, providing oil of better nutritional and chemical quality. In the variability analysis, the accessions were clustered into five groups, which had different averages for SOP and fatty acid concentration of seed oil, an approach that will guide the use of appropriate germplasm in programs aimed at genetic breeding for SOP and seed oil profile. Per se analysis identified BGH-4610, BGH-5485A, BGH-6590, BGH-5556A, BGH-5472A, and BGH-5544A as the most promising accessions in terms of SOP, with an average (μ + g) of approximately 0.20 t ha-1. The most promising accessions for a higher oleic acid concentration of seed oil were BGH-5456A, BGH-3333A, BGH-5361A, BGH-5472A, BGH-5544A, BGH-5453A, and BGH-1749, with an average (μ + g) of approximately 30%, almost all of which were also the most promising in terms of a lower linoleic acid concentration of the seed oil, with an average (μ + g) of approximately 45%. Part of the C. moschata accessions evaluated in the present study can serve as a promising resource in genetic breeding programs for SOP and fatty acid profile, aiming at the production of oil with better nutritional and physicochemical quality.
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Key Words
- BLUEs, best unbiased linear estimates
- BLUPs, best unbiased linear predictions
- Bioactive compound
- Clustering
- Cucurbita moschata
- Genetic correlation
- Genetic parameter
- MUFA, monounsaturated fatty acids
- NFP, number of fruits per plant
- PUFAs, polyunsaturated fatty acids
- RML, restricted maximum likelihood
- SOC, total seed oil content
- SOP, seed oil productivity
- Seed oil
- UFV, Federal University of Viçosa
- WSF, weight of seeds per fruit, PS, productivity of seeds
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronaldo Silva Gomes
- Agronomy Department, Federal University of Viçosa-UFV, PH Rolfs Avenue, Zip Code 36570-000, Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Ronaldo Machado Júnior
- Agronomy Department, Federal University of Viçosa-UFV, PH Rolfs Avenue, Zip Code 36570-000, Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Rebeca Lourenço de Oliveira
- Agronomy Department, Federal University of Viçosa-UFV, PH Rolfs Avenue, Zip Code 36570-000, Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Rafael Ravaneli Chagas
- Agronomy Department, Federal University of Viçosa-UFV, PH Rolfs Avenue, Zip Code 36570-000, Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Ednângelo Duarte Pereira
- Agronomy Department, Federal University of Viçosa-UFV, PH Rolfs Avenue, Zip Code 36570-000, Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Fabio Teixeira Delazari
- National Service of Rural Learning- SENAR, Marcino dos Santos Street, number 401, Zip Code 79042-140, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
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Zheng S, Qiu M, Wu JH, Pan XF, Liu X, Sun L, Zhu H, Wu J, Huang Y. Long-chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and the risk of heart failure. Ther Adv Chronic Dis 2022; 13:20406223221081616. [PMID: 35321400 PMCID: PMC8935400 DOI: 10.1177/20406223221081616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims: Adequate intake of long-chain (LC) omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids ( n-3 PUFAs) is considered important for cardiovascular health. However, the effects of LC n-3 PUFAs on the risk of heart failure (HF) remain unclear. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to determine the role of LC n-3 PUFAs in the incidence of HF. Materials and Methods: Electronic databases were searched for studies up to 31 July 2021. Studies were included for the meta-analysis if they reported the adjusted associations between different dietary intakes or circulating concentrations of LC n-3 PUFAs and the risk of HF. A random-effect model was used to calculate the pooled estimated hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for higher LC n-3 PUFA concentrations. Results: Thirteen studies were included in the meta-analysis. Eight studies comprising 316,698 individuals (11,244 incident HF cases), with a median follow-up of 10.7 years, showed that a higher dietary intake of LC n-3 PUFAs was associated with a lower risk of HF (highest versus lowest quintile: HR = 0.84, 95% CI = 0.75–0.94). Six studies, comprising 17,163 participants (2520 HF cases) with a median follow-up of 9.7 years, showed that higher circulating LC n-3 PUFA concentrations were associated with a lower risk of HF (highest versus lowest quintile: HR = 0.59, 95% CI = 0.39–0.91). Higher circulating docosahexaenoic acid concentrations were associated with a decreased risk of HF (top versus bottom quintile: HR = 0.44, 95% CI = 0.26–0.77). The associations between eicosapentaenoic acid (HR = 0.58, 95% CI = 0.26–1.25), docosahexaenoic acid (HR = 0.66, 95% CI = 0.24–1.82), and the risk of HF were not significant. Conclusion: High LC n-3 PUFA concentrations measured by dietary intake or circulating biomarkers are associated with a lower risk of developing HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sulin Zheng
- Department of Cardiology, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University (The First People’s Hospital of Shunde), Foshan, China
| | - Min Qiu
- Department of Cardiology, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University (The First People’s Hospital of Shunde), Foshan, China
| | - Jason H.Y. Wu
- The George Institute for Global Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Xiong-fei Pan
- Laboratory of Molecular Translational Medicine, Center for Translational Medicine, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiong Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University (The First People’s Hospital of Shunde), Foshan, China
| | - Lichang Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University (The First People’s Hospital of Shunde), Foshan, China
| | - Hailan Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University (The First People’s Hospital of Shunde), Foshan, China
| | - Jiandi Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Foshan Hospital, Southern Medical University, Foshan, China
| | - Yuli Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University (The First People’s Hospital of Shunde), Jiazhi Road, Lunjiao Town, Shunde District, Foshan 528300, China
- The George Institute for Global Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Shock and Microcirculation, Guangzhou, China
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37
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Grosso G, La Vignera S, Condorelli RA, Godos J, Marventano S, Tieri M, Ghelfi F, Titta L, Lafranconi A, Gambera A, Alonzo E, Sciacca S, Buscemi S, Ray S, Del Rio D, Galvano F. Total, red and processed meat consumption and human health: an umbrella review of observational studies. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2022; 73:726-737. [PMID: 35291893 DOI: 10.1080/09637486.2022.2050996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Meat consumption has represented an important evolutionary step for humans. However, modern patterns of consumption, including excess intake, type of meat and cooking method have been the focus of attention as a potential cause of rise in non-communicable diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between total, red and processed meat with health outcomes and to assess the level of evidence by performing a systematic search of meta-analyses of prospective cohort studies. Convincing evidence of the association between increased risk of (i) colorectal adenoma, lung cancer, CHD and stroke, (ii) colorectal adenoma, ovarian, prostate, renal and stomach cancers, CHD and stroke and (iii) colon and bladder cancer was found for excess intake of total, red and processed meat, respectively. Possible negative associations with other health outcomes have been reported. Excess meat consumption may be detrimental to health, with a major impact on cardiometabolic and cancer risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Grosso
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.,NNEdPro Global Centre for Nutrition and Health, St John's Innovation Centre, Cambridge, UK
| | - Sandro La Vignera
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Rosita A Condorelli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Justyna Godos
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Stefano Marventano
- Childhood and Adolescent Department, Rimini Women's Health, AUSL Romagna, Rimini, Italy
| | - Maria Tieri
- Department of Experimental Oncology, SmartFood Program, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Ghelfi
- NNEdPro Global Centre for Nutrition and Health, St John's Innovation Centre, Cambridge, UK.,Department of Pediatrics, Fondazione De Marchi, IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Lucilla Titta
- Department of Experimental Oncology, SmartFood Program, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandra Lafranconi
- University of Milano, Milan, Italy.,Care and Public Health Research Institute, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Angelo Gambera
- Azienda Ospedaliero, Universitaria Policlinico, Vittorio Emanuele, Catania, Italy
| | - Elena Alonzo
- Food and Nutrition Security and Public Health Service, ASP Catania, Catania, Italy
| | | | - Silvio Buscemi
- Biomedical Department of Internal and Specialist Medicine (DIBIMIS), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Sumantra Ray
- NNEdPro Global Centre for Nutrition and Health, St John's Innovation Centre, Cambridge, UK.,School of Biomedical Sciences, Ulster University, Ulster, UK.,School of the Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Daniele Del Rio
- NNEdPro Global Centre for Nutrition and Health, St John's Innovation Centre, Cambridge, UK.,Department of Food and Drug, Human Nutrition Unit, University of Parma, Parma, Italy.,School of Advanced Studies on Food and Nutrition, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Fabio Galvano
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
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38
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Ramya V, Shyam KP, Kowsalya E, Balavigneswaran CK, Kadalmani B. Dual Roles of Coconut Oil and Its Major Component Lauric Acid on Redox Nexus: Focus on Cytoprotection and Cancer Cell Death. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:833630. [PMID: 35360165 PMCID: PMC8963114 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.833630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been reported that coconut oil supplementation can reduce neuroinflammation. However, coconut oils are available as virgin coconut oil (VCO), crude coconut oil (ECO), and refined coconut oil (RCO). The impact of coconut oil extraction process (and its major fatty acid component lauric acid) at cellular antioxidant level, redox homeostasis and inflammation in neural cells is hitherto unexplained. Herein, we have shown the antioxidant levels and cellular effect of coconut oil extracted by various processes in human neuroblastoma cells (SH-SY5Y) cultured in vitro. Results indicate VCO and ECO treated cells displayed better mitochondrial health when compared to RCO. Similar trend was observed for the release of reactive oxygen species (ROS), key oxidative stress response genes (GCLC, HO-1, and Nqo1) and inflammatory genes (IL6, TNFα, and iNOS) in SH-SY5Y cells. Our results signified that both VCO and ECO offer better neural health primarily by maintaining the cellular redox balance. Further, RCO prepared by solvent extraction and chemical refining process lacks appreciable beneficial effect. Then, we extended our study to find out the reasons behind maintaining the cellular redox balance in neuroblastoma cells by VCO and ECO. Our GC-MS results showed that lauric acid (C14:0) (LA) content was the major difference in the fatty acid composition extracted by various processes. Therefore, we evaluated the efficacy of LA in SH-SY5Y cells. The LA showed dose-dependent effect. At IC50 concentration (11.8 μM), LA down regulated the oxidative stress response genes and inflammatory genes. The results clearly indicate that the LA inhibited the neuroinflammation and provided an efficient cellular antioxidant activity, which protects the cells. The efficiency was also evaluated in normal cell line such as fibroblasts (L929) to cross-validate that the results were not false positive. Different concentration of LA on L929 cells showed high compatibility. From our observation, we conclude that VCO and ECO offers better cellular protection owing to their powerful antioxidant system. Therefore, we advocate the inclusion of either VCO and/or ECO in the diet for a healthy lifestyle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venkatesan Ramya
- Reproductive Endocrinology and Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Animal Science, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, India
| | | | - Eshwaran Kowsalya
- Research and Development Division, V.V.D and Sons Private Limited, Thoothukudi, India
| | - Chelladurai Karthikeyan Balavigneswaran
- Tissue Engineering and Biomaterials Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, India
| | - Balamuthu Kadalmani
- Reproductive Endocrinology and Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Animal Science, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, India
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39
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Zhao Y, Li M, Wang Y, Geng R, Fang J, Liu Q, Kang SG, Zeng WC, Huang K, Tong T. Understanding the mechanism underlying the anti-diabetic effect of dietary component: a focus on gut microbiota. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 63:7378-7398. [PMID: 35243943 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2045895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes has become one of the biggest non-communicable diseases and threatens human health worldwide. The management of diabetes is a complex and multifaceted process including drug therapy and lifestyle interventions. Dietary components are essential for both diabetes management and health and survival of trillions of the gut microbiota (GM). Herein, we will discuss the relationship between diets and GM, the mechanism linking diabetes and gut dysbiosis, and the effects of dietary components (nutrients, phytochemicals, probiotics, food additives, etc.) on diabetes from the perspective of modulating GM. The GM of diabetic patients differs from that of health individuals and GM disorder contributes to the onset and maintenance of diabetes. Studies in humans and animal models consolidate that dietary component is a key regulator of diabetes and increasing evidence suggests that the alteration of GM plays a salient role in dietary interventions for diabetes. Given that diabetes is a major public health issue, especially that diabetes is linked with a high risk of mortality from COVID-19, this review provides compelling evidence for that targeting GM by dietary components is a promising strategy, and offers new insights into potential preventive or therapeutic approaches (dietary and pharmacological intervention) for the clinical management of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhan Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Ministry of Education; College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Mengjie Li
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Ministry of Education; College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yanan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Ministry of Education; College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Ruixuan Geng
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Ministry of Education; College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jingjing Fang
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Ministry of Education; College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Qing Liu
- Jilin Green Food Engineering Research Institute, Changchun, China
| | - Seong-Gook Kang
- Department of Food Engineering, Mokpo National University, Chungkyemyon, Muangun, Jeonnam, Korea
| | - Wei Cai Zeng
- Antioxidant Polyphenols Team, Department of Food Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Kunlun Huang
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Ministry of Education; College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Safety Assessment of Genetically Modified Organism (Food Safety), Beijing, China
- Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, Beijing, China
| | - Tao Tong
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Ministry of Education; College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Safety Assessment of Genetically Modified Organism (Food Safety), Beijing, China
- Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, Beijing, China
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40
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Lauber C, Gerl MJ, Klose C, Ottosson F, Melander O, Simons K. Lipidomic risk scores are independent of polygenic risk scores and can predict incidence of diabetes and cardiovascular disease in a large population cohort. PLoS Biol 2022; 20:e3001561. [PMID: 35239643 PMCID: PMC8893343 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3001561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) represent significant disease burdens for most societies and susceptibility to these diseases is strongly influenced by diet and lifestyle. Physiological changes associated with T2D or CVD, such has high blood pressure and cholesterol and glucose levels in the blood, are often apparent prior to disease incidence. Here we integrated genetics, lipidomics, and standard clinical diagnostics to assess future T2D and CVD risk for 4,067 participants from a large prospective population-based cohort, the Malmö Diet and Cancer-Cardiovascular Cohort. By training Ridge regression-based machine learning models on the measurements obtained at baseline when the individuals were healthy, we computed several risk scores for T2D and CVD incidence during up to 23 years of follow-up. We used these scores to stratify the participants into risk groups and found that a lipidomics risk score based on the quantification of 184 plasma lipid concentrations resulted in a 168% and 84% increase of the incidence rate in the highest risk group and a 77% and 53% decrease of the incidence rate in lowest risk group for T2D and CVD, respectively, compared to the average case rates of 13.8% and 22.0%. Notably, lipidomic risk correlated only marginally with polygenic risk, indicating that the lipidome and genetic variants may constitute largely independent risk factors for T2D and CVD. Risk stratification was further improved by adding standard clinical variables to the model, resulting in a case rate of 51.0% and 53.3% in the highest risk group for T2D and CVD, respectively. The participants in the highest risk group showed significantly altered lipidome compositions affecting 167 and 157 lipid species for T2D and CVD, respectively. Our results demonstrated that a subset of individuals at high risk for developing T2D or CVD can be identified years before disease incidence. The lipidomic risk, which is derived from only one single mass spectrometric measurement that is cheap and fast, is informative and could extend traditional risk assessment based on clinical assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris Lauber
- Lipotype GmbH, Dresden, Germany
- TWINCORE, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, a joint venture between the Hanover Medical School and the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Institute for Experimental Virology, Hanover, Germany
| | | | | | - Filip Ottosson
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Olle Melander
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
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41
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Liu YJ, Gao AW, Smith RL, Janssens GE, Panneman DM, Jongejan A, van Weeghel M, Vaz FM, Silvestrini MJ, Lapierre LR, MacInnes AW, Houtkooper RH. Reduced ech-6 expression attenuates fat-induced lifespan shortening in C. elegans. Sci Rep 2022; 12:3350. [PMID: 35233004 PMCID: PMC8888598 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-07397-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Deregulated energy homeostasis represents a hallmark of aging and results from complex gene-by-environment interactions. Here, we discovered that reducing the expression of the gene ech-6 encoding enoyl-CoA hydratase remitted fat diet-induced deleterious effects on lifespan in Caenorhabditis elegans, while a basal expression of ech-6 was important for survival under normal dietary conditions. Lipidomics revealed that supplementation of fat in ech-6-silenced worms had marginal effects on lipid profiles, suggesting an alternative fat utilization for energy production. Transcriptomics further suggest a causal relation between the lysosomal pathway, energy production, and the longevity effect conferred by the interaction between ech-6 and fat diets. Indeed, enhancing energy production from endogenous fat by overexpressing lysosomal lipase lipl-4 recapitulated the lifespan effects of fat diets on ech-6-silenced worms. Collectively, these results suggest that the gene ech-6 is potential modulator of metabolic flexibility and may be a target for promoting metabolic health and longevity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasmine J Liu
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Arwen W Gao
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Laboratory of Integrative Systems Physiology, Institute of Bioengineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Reuben L Smith
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Georges E Janssens
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Daan M Panneman
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Amalia Children's Hospital, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Aldo Jongejan
- Bioinformatics Laboratory, Department of Epidemiology and Data Science, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Michel van Weeghel
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Core Facility Metabolomics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Frédéric M Vaz
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Core Facility Metabolomics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Melissa J Silvestrini
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Brown University, Providence, RI, 02912, USA
| | - Louis R Lapierre
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Brown University, Providence, RI, 02912, USA
| | - Alyson W MacInnes
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Riekelt H Houtkooper
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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42
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Liu H, Li X, Zhu Y, Huang Y, Zhang Q, Lin S, Fang C, Li L, Lv Y, Mei W, Peng X, Yin J, Liu L. Effect of Plant-Derived n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids on Blood Lipids and Gut Microbiota: A Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial. Front Nutr 2022; 9:830960. [PMID: 35223959 PMCID: PMC8873928 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.830960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Several cardioprotective mechanisms attributed to n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) have been widely documented. Significant interest has recently focused on the role of human gut microbiota in metabolic disorders. However, the role of plant-derived n-3 PUFAs on blood lipid profiles is controversial and the effect on gut microbiota is still unclear. Objectives We aimed to perform a double-blind randomized controlled trial to test the effect of plant-derived n-3 PUFAs on the blood lipids and gut microbiota of patients with marginal hyperlipidemia. Methods According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 75 participants with marginal hyperlipidemia were randomly assigned to the intervention group (supplied with n-3 PUFA-enriched plant oil) or control group (supplied with corn oil), respectively, for a 3-month treatment. Participants and assessors were blinded to the allocation. The primary outcomes of the trial were the changes in serum lipid levels. Secondary outcomes were changes in gut microbiota and metabolites. For the primary outcomes, we conducted both an intent-to-treat (ITT) analysis and a per protocol (PP) analysis. For the secondary outcomes, we only conducted the PP analysis among the participants who provided fecal sample. Results Fifty-one participants completed the trial. Relative to the control group, the n-3 PUFA supplementation resulted in significant reduction in total cholesterol (TC) levels (−0.43 mmol/L, 95% CI−0.84 to−0.01 mmol/L, P < 0.05). The n-3 PUFA supplementation was also associated with significantly increased relative abundance of Bacteroidetes in phylum level (P < 0.01; false discovery rate (FDR) corrected p = 0.11), and decreased the ratio between Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes (P < 0.05; FDR corrected p = 0.16). At genus level, the intervention of plant derived n-3 PUFAs resulted in a significant decrease in relative abundance of Phascolarctobacterium (P < 0.01; FDR corrected p = 0.18) and Veillonella (P < 0.01; FDR corrected p = 0.18) after the intervention. Conclusions Our results demonstrated that plant-derived n-3 PUFAs beneficially affected the serum levels of TC and decreased the ratio between Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes during the 12-week intervention period, which might confer advantageous consequences for lipid metabolism and intestinal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongjie Liu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoqin Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yalun Zhu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yue Huang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qin Zhang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shan Lin
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Can Fang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Linyan Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yanling Lv
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wenhua Mei
- Zhuhai Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhuhai, China
| | - Xiaolin Peng
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Shenzhen Nanshan Centre for Chronic Disease Control, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jiawei Yin
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Jiawei Yin
| | - Liegang Liu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Liegang Liu
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Fan L, Xiao C, Guan P, Zou Y, Wen H, Liu C, Luo Y, Tan G, Wang Q, Li Y, Yu P, Zhou L, Ning C. Extracellular Matrix-Based Conductive Interpenetrating Network Hydrogels with Enhanced Neurovascular Regeneration Properties for Diabetic Wounds Repair. Adv Healthc Mater 2022; 11:e2101556. [PMID: 34648694 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202101556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The critical effects that impair diabetic wound healing are characterized by poor vascularization and severe peripheral neuropathy. Current management strategies for diabetic wound healing are unsatisfactory, due to the paucity of neurovascular regeneration at the wound site. Importantly, conductivity in skin tissue is reported to be essential for modulating myriad biological processes especially vascular and nerve regeneration. Herein, an extracellular matrix (ECM)-based conductive dressing is synthesized from an interpenetrating polymer network hydrogel composed of gelatin methacryloyl, oxidized chondroitin sulfate (OCS), and OCS-polypyrrole conductive nanoparticles that can promote diabetic wound repairing by enhancing local neurovascular regeneration. The conductive hydrogels combine the advantageous features of water-swollen hydrogels with conductive polymers (CPs) to provide tissue-matching electrical conductivity and mechanical properties for neurovascular regeneration. In vitro and in vivo studies show that the conductive hydrogel can promote neurovascular regeneration by increasing intracellular Ca2+ concentration, which subsequently promotes phosphorylation of proteins in the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT) and mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK)/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathways. Furthermore, the conductive hydrogel stimulates full-thickness diabetic wound repair on day 14 by promoting local neurovascular regeneration and collagen deposition. These findings corroborate that the ECM-based conductive interpenetrating network hydrogel dressing significantly promotes wound repairing due to its neurovascular regeneration properties, suggesting that they are suitable candidates for diabetic wound repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Fan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering and National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510641 China
| | - Cairong Xiao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering and National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510641 China
| | - Pengfei Guan
- Department of Orthopaedics The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University Guangzhou 510515 China
| | - Yan Zou
- Department of Radiology The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‐Sen University Guangzhou 510630 China
| | - Huiquan Wen
- Department of Radiology The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‐Sen University Guangzhou 510630 China
| | - Can Liu
- Department of Spine Surgery The First Hospital of Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310003 China
| | - Yian Luo
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry Guangdong University of Technology Guangzhou 510006 China
| | - Guoxin Tan
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry Guangdong University of Technology Guangzhou 510006 China
| | - Qiyou Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University Guangzhou 510515 China
| | - Yangfan Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering and National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510641 China
| | - Peng Yu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering and National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510641 China
| | - Lei Zhou
- School of Materials Science and Engineering and National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510641 China
| | - Chengyun Ning
- School of Materials Science and Engineering and National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510641 China
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Li R, Tan CP, Xu Y, Liu Y. Alteration of Endogenous Fatty Acids Profile and Lipid Metabolism in Rats Caused by a High‐Colleseed Oil and a High‐Sunflower Oil Diet. EUR J LIPID SCI TECH 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejlt.202100100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ruizhi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology School of Food Science and Technology National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province Jiangnan University 1800 Lihu Road Wuxi Jiangsu 214122 P. R. China
| | - Chin Ping Tan
- Department of Food Technology Faculty of Food Science and Technology Universiti Putra Malaysia Serdang Selangor 43400 Malaysia
| | - Yong‐Jiang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology School of Food Science and Technology National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province Jiangnan University 1800 Lihu Road Wuxi Jiangsu 214122 P. R. China
| | - Yuanfa Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology School of Food Science and Technology National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province Jiangnan University 1800 Lihu Road Wuxi Jiangsu 214122 P. R. China
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Acosta S, Johansson A, Drake I. Diet and Lifestyle Factors and Risk of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease-A Prospective Cohort Study. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13113822. [PMID: 34836078 PMCID: PMC8622601 DOI: 10.3390/nu13113822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ACVD) is the leading cause of death worldwide. This study aimed to investigate the association between diet and lifestyle factors, beyond traditional risk factors, and the risk of incident ACVD. The Malmö Diet and Cancer study included 30,446 middle-aged individuals. Baseline examinations including a dietary assessment, questionnaire and interviews, were performed between 1991–1996. After excluding individuals with prevalent cardiovascular disease and atrial fibrillation or flutter, 26,990 participants remained. In a previously developed diet quality index, adherence to recommended intake of saturated fat (SFA), polyunsaturated fat (PUFA), fish and shellfish, fiber, vegetables and fruit, and sucrose results in one point per dietary component, with a maximum diet score of six points. Diagnosis of incident ACVD was based on validated diagnoses of coronary artery disease, atherothrombotic ischemic stroke, carotid artery disease or peripheral artery disease. Multivariable Cox regression analysis adjusting for established risk factors was performed to assess hazard ratios (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). After a median follow-up of 21.1 years, 5858 (21.7%) individuals diagnosed with ACVD unrelated to atrial fibrillation or flutter were identified. Higher diet score (HR 0.94/point increase; 95% CI 0.91–0.97; p < 0.001), intake of fish and shellfish (HR 0.95/standard deviation (SD) increment, 95% CI 0.93–0.98), fiber (HR 0.93/SD increment, 95% CI 0.89–0.98) and SFA (HR 0.96/SD increment, 95% CI 0.92–0.99) consumption were associated with decreased risk for incident ACVD. High leisure-time physical activity (HR 0.82, 95% CI 0.74–0.91) was associated with reduced risk and obesity (HR 1.17, 95% CI 1.08–1.27) with increased risk of incident ACVD. The present study strengthens current recommendations of improving diet quality and increasing physical activity in preventing ACVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Acosta
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, 214 21 Malmö, Sweden; (A.J.); (I.D.)
- Vascular Center, Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Skåne University Hospital, 205 01 Malmö, Sweden
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +46-040-331000
| | - Anna Johansson
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, 214 21 Malmö, Sweden; (A.J.); (I.D.)
- Örestadskliniken, 217 67 Malmö, Sweden
| | - Isabel Drake
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, 214 21 Malmö, Sweden; (A.J.); (I.D.)
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Maki KC, Dicklin MR, Kirkpatrick CF. Saturated fats and cardiovascular health: Current evidence and controversies. J Clin Lipidol 2021; 15:765-772. [PMID: 34649831 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacl.2021.09.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
A diet high in saturated fatty acids (SFA) is a suspected contributor to atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk, in large part because of an effect to raise the low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) concentration. Most dietary guidance from health authorities advocates limiting intake of SFA, particularly for people with clinical ASCVD, dyslipidemia, or diabetes mellitus. However, recent reviews have highlighted controversies regarding SFA intake and cardiovascular health. This brief editorial commentary includes a discussion of the evidence regarding SFA intake and cardiovascular health, outlines gaps in the available evidence, and proposes tentative conclusions based on what is known today about SFA consumption and ASCVD risk. Results from observational studies demonstrate that dietary patterns with lower average intakes of SFA are associated with favorable cardiovascular outcomes. Additionally, although the number of randomized controlled trials testing the effects of reducing SFA intake on ASCVD outcomes is limited, the available evidence supports the view that replacing SFA with unsaturated fatty acids, particularly polyunsaturated fatty acids, may reduce ASCVD risk. Beyond raising LDL-C and atherogenic lipoprotein particle concentrations, higher intakes of SFA may influence pathways affecting inflammation, cardiac rhythm, hemostasis, apolipoprotein CIII production, and high-density lipoprotein function. However, the impacts of these effects on ASCVD risk remain uncertain. In the authors' view, the totality of the evidence supports the current recommendation to limit SFA intake to <10% of total daily energy for the general healthy population and further (e.g., to 5-6% of total daily energy) for patients with hypercholesterolemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin C Maki
- Indiana University, Department of Applied Health Science, School of Public Health, 1025 East 7th Street, Suite 111, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA; Midwest Biomedical Research, 211 East Lake Street, Suite 3, Addison, IL 60101, USA.
| | - Mary R Dicklin
- Midwest Biomedical Research, 211 East Lake Street, Suite 3, Addison, IL 60101, USA.
| | - Carol F Kirkpatrick
- Kasiska Division of Health Sciences, Idaho State University, 921 South 8th Avenue, Pocatello, ID 83209, USA.
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[Saturated fatty acids and cardiovascular risk : Is a revision of the recommendations on nutrition indicated?]. Herz 2021; 47:354-365. [PMID: 34554285 PMCID: PMC9355924 DOI: 10.1007/s00059-021-05067-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 06/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Die „Fetthypothese der koronaren Herzkrankheit“, derzufolge „gesättigte Fettsäuren“ („saturated fatty acids“, SFA) die LDL(„low-density lipoprotein“)-Cholesterin-Konzentration (LDL-C) steigern und folglich das Risiko für kardiovaskuläre Erkrankungen erhöhen, prägte die Ernährungsempfehlungen der letzten 60 Jahre, zunächst in den USA und später auch in Europa. Über die Jahre mehrte sich Evidenz aus Epidemiologie und kontrollierten klinischen Studien, dass der Konsum von SFA per se nicht mit einem erhöhten kardiovaskulären Risiko einhergeht bzw. die Einschränkung des Konsums von SFA keine präventive Wirkung zeigt. Die Fokussierung auf den SFA-Gehalt negiert die biologisch heterogenen und zum Teil biologisch günstigen Wirkungen unterschiedlicher SFA. Zudem wird hierbei außer Acht gelassen, dass SFA in intakten Lebensmitteln in unterschiedliche komplexe Matrizes eingebunden sind, die aus Dutzenden Nährstoffen mit unterschiedlicher Struktur und Begleitstoffen bestehen und damit jeweils unterschiedliche biologische Antworten und metabolische Effekte auslösen. Entsprechend sind solche nährstoffbasierten Empfehlungen prinzipiell wenig zielführend und zudem schlecht umsetzbar. Hinzu kommt, dass LDL‑C kein geeigneter Marker ist, um den Effekt von Lebensstilintervention wie der Ernährung oder aber der körperlichen Aktivität auf das globale kardiovaskuläre Risiko zu beurteilen.
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Trieu K, Bhat S, Dai Z, Leander K, Gigante B, Qian F, Korat AVA, Sun Q, Pan XF, Laguzzi F, Cederholm T, de Faire U, Hellénius ML, Wu JHY, Risérus U, Marklund M. Biomarkers of dairy fat intake, incident cardiovascular disease, and all-cause mortality: A cohort study, systematic review, and meta-analysis. PLoS Med 2021; 18:e1003763. [PMID: 34547017 PMCID: PMC8454979 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1003763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We aimed to investigate the association of serum pentadecanoic acid (15:0), a biomarker of dairy fat intake, with incident cardiovascular disease (CVD) and all-cause mortality in a Swedish cohort study. We also systematically reviewed studies of the association of dairy fat biomarkers (circulating or adipose tissue levels of 15:0, heptadecanoic acid [17:0], and trans-palmitoleic acid [t16:1n-7]) with CVD outcomes or all-cause mortality. METHODS AND FINDINGS We measured 15:0 in serum cholesterol esters at baseline in 4,150 Swedish adults (51% female, median age 60.5 years). During a median follow-up of 16.6 years, 578 incident CVD events and 676 deaths were identified using Swedish registers. In multivariable-adjusted models, higher 15:0 was associated with lower incident CVD risk in a linear dose-response manner (hazard ratio 0.75 per interquintile range; 95% confidence interval 0.61, 0.93, P = 0.009) and nonlinearly with all-cause mortality (P for nonlinearity = 0.03), with a nadir of mortality risk around median 15:0. In meta-analyses including our Swedish cohort and 17 cohort, case-cohort, or nested case-control studies, higher 15:0 and 17:0 but not t16:1n-7 were inversely associated with total CVD, with the relative risk of highest versus lowest tertile being 0.88 (0.78, 0.99), 0.86 (0.79, 0.93), and 1.01 (0.91, 1.12), respectively. Dairy fat biomarkers were not associated with all-cause mortality in meta-analyses, although there were ≤3 studies for each biomarker. Study limitations include the inability of the biomarkers to distinguish different types of dairy foods and that most studies in the meta-analyses (including our novel cohort study) only assessed biomarkers at baseline, which may increase the risk of misclassification of exposure levels. CONCLUSIONS In a meta-analysis of 18 observational studies including our new cohort study, higher levels of 15:0 and 17:0 were associated with lower CVD risk. Our findings support the need for clinical and experimental studies to elucidate the causality of these relationships and relevant biological mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathy Trieu
- The George Institute for Global Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Saiuj Bhat
- School of Medicine, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia
| | - Zhaoli Dai
- Centre for Health Systems and Safety Research, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
- Sydney Pharmacy School and the Charles Perkins Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Karin Leander
- Unit of Cardiovascular and Nutritional Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Bruna Gigante
- Cardiovascular Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Frank Qian
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Andres V. Ardisson Korat
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Qi Sun
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Xiong-Fei Pan
- The George Institute for Global Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Federica Laguzzi
- Unit of Cardiovascular and Nutritional Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tommy Cederholm
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ulf de Faire
- Unit of Cardiovascular and Nutritional Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mai-Lis Hellénius
- Unit of Cardiovascular and Nutritional Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jason H. Y. Wu
- The George Institute for Global Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Ulf Risérus
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Matti Marklund
- The George Institute for Global Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Luong R, Ribeiro RV, Cunningham J, Chen S, Hirani V. The short- and long-term effects of dietary patterns on cardiometabolic health in adults aged 65 years or older: a systematic review. Nutr Rev 2021; 80:329-350. [PMID: 34272960 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuab032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT Cardiometabolic diseases are leading causes of death and morbidity. Aging increases the risk of disease development. Diet has protective and causal effects on cardiometabolic health. OBJECTIVE To consolidate the current evidence on the short- and long-term effects of dietary patterns on cardiometabolic health in adults aged ≥ 65 years. DATA SOURCES The Medline, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Web of Science, Scopus, Global Health, and Pre-Medline databases, along with ClinicalTrials.gov and the World Health Organization International Clinical Trials Registry Platform were searched. DATA EXTRACTION A total of 40 042 records were identified. Quality assessment involved using the revised Cochrane risk-of-bias tool for randomized trials and Joanna Briggs Institute checklists. The certainty of evidence was assessed using Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation. RESULTS Thirteen articles were included (n = 5 cohort studies and n = 3 randomized controlled trials). The low-fat dietary pattern reduced adiposity; however, no effects were evident for hypertension incidence, composite coronary heart disease incidence (including myocardial infarction, coronary heart disease, and coronary revascularization), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level, and increased blood pressure in the long term. The Mediterranean dietary pattern resulted in reduced triglyceride levels and systolic blood pressure, and had no effects on diastolic blood pressure and glucose in the short term. Other dietary patterns had inconclusive effects. CONCLUSIONS The Mediterranean dietary pattern showed the most benefits without harm on cardiometabolic health in older adults. The current body of evidence is small, indicating the need for more research to confirm these findings at a high certainty of evidence, and to include dietary patterns combined with other dietary components, subgroups with cardiometabolic disease or risk factors, longer follow-up, and outcomes that have not yet been investigated. Studies including these factors may help identify the most effective dietary pattern for cardiometabolic health benefits in older adults, to inform future guidelines. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION PROSPERO registration no. CRD42020141400.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Luong
- R. Luong, R. Ribeiro, J. Cunningham, S. Chen, and V. Hirani are with the School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Rosilene V Ribeiro
- R. Luong, R. Ribeiro, J. Cunningham, S. Chen, and V. Hirani are with the School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jessica Cunningham
- R. Luong, R. Ribeiro, J. Cunningham, S. Chen, and V. Hirani are with the School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Siting Chen
- R. Luong, R. Ribeiro, J. Cunningham, S. Chen, and V. Hirani are with the School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Vasant Hirani
- R. Luong, R. Ribeiro, J. Cunningham, S. Chen, and V. Hirani are with the School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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50
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Dietary Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids (PUFAs): Uses and Potential Health Benefits. Curr Nutr Rep 2021; 10:232-242. [PMID: 34255301 DOI: 10.1007/s13668-021-00363-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are obtained from various sources, which can be incorporated in the routine diet to maintain the health. They provide protection from several diseases like osteoarthritis, cancer, and autoimmune disorders. Major focus is given to the PUFAs omega-3 (ω-3) and omega-6 (ω-6) fatty acids which are available in both terrestrial and in the marine environment. The main concern of this article is to review the key scientific reports in context with the human health consequences and advantages of the food sources of ω-3 and ω-6 fatty acids. RECENT FINDINGS ω-3 and ω-6 fatty acids are consumed by the population globally in the form of foods that are rich in fatty acids. Their nutritional effects have the capability to improve the physical functioning and metabolic rate of the body. These PUFAs contribute in various cellular activities like cell signaling, structural integrity and fluidity of cell membrane, the regulation of blood pressure, glucose level, the nervous system, inflammatory reactions, and hematic clotting. Animal and cell-based models represent that ω-3 and ω-6 PUFAs can regulate the skeletal muscle metabolism. The main concern of this article is to review the key scientific reports in context with the human health consequences and advantages of the food sources of ω-3 and ω-6 fatty acids.
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