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Power KM, Nguyen KC, Silva A, Singh S, Hall DH, Rongo C, Barr MM. NEKL-4 regulates microtubule stability and mitochondrial health in ciliated neurons. J Cell Biol 2024; 223:e202402006. [PMID: 38767515 PMCID: PMC11104396 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202402006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Ciliopathies are often caused by defects in the ciliary microtubule core. Glutamylation is abundant in cilia, and its dysregulation may contribute to ciliopathies and neurodegeneration. Mutation of the deglutamylase CCP1 causes infantile-onset neurodegeneration. In C. elegans, ccpp-1 loss causes age-related ciliary degradation that is suppressed by a mutation in the conserved NEK10 homolog nekl-4. NEKL-4 is absent from cilia, yet it negatively regulates ciliary stability via an unknown, glutamylation-independent mechanism. We show that NEKL-4 was mitochondria-associated. Additionally, nekl-4 mutants had longer mitochondria, a higher baseline mitochondrial oxidation state, and suppressed ccpp-1∆ mutant lifespan extension in response to oxidative stress. A kinase-dead nekl-4(KD) mutant ectopically localized to ccpp-1∆ cilia and rescued degenerating microtubule doublet B-tubules. A nondegradable nekl-4(PEST∆) mutant resembled the ccpp-1∆ mutant with dye-filling defects and B-tubule breaks. The nekl-4(PEST∆) Dyf phenotype was suppressed by mutation in the depolymerizing kinesin-8 KLP-13/KIF19A. We conclude that NEKL-4 influences ciliary stability by activating ciliary kinesins and promoting mitochondrial homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiden M. Power
- Department of Genetics and Human Genetics Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Ken C. Nguyen
- Center for C. elegans Anatomy, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Andriele Silva
- Department of Biology, Brooklyn College of the City University of New York, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | - Shaneen Singh
- Department of Biology, Brooklyn College of the City University of New York, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | - David H. Hall
- Center for C. elegans Anatomy, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Christopher Rongo
- Waksman Institute of Microbiology, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Maureen M. Barr
- Department of Genetics and Human Genetics Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, USA
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2
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Muhamad NA, Masutani K, Furukawa S, Yuri S, Toriyama M, Matsumoto C, Itoh S, Shinagawa Y, Isotani A, Toriyama M, Itoh H. Astrocyte-Specific Inhibition of the Primary Cilium Suppresses C3 Expression in Reactive Astrocyte. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2024; 44:48. [PMID: 38822888 PMCID: PMC11144130 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-024-01482-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
C3-positive reactive astrocytes play a neurotoxic role in various neurodegenerative diseases. However, the mechanisms controlling C3-positive reactive astrocyte induction are largely unknown. We found that the length of the primary cilium, a cellular organelle that receives extracellular signals was increased in C3-positive reactive astrocytes, and the loss or shortening of primary cilium decreased the count of C3-positive reactive astrocytes. Pharmacological experiments suggested that Ca2+ signalling may synergistically promote C3 expression in reactive astrocytes. Conditional knockout (cKO) mice that specifically inhibit primary cilium formation in astrocytes upon drug stimulation exhibited a reduction in the proportions of C3-positive reactive astrocytes and apoptotic cells in the brain even after the injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Additionally, the novel object recognition (NOR) score observed in the cKO mice was higher than that observed in the neuroinflammation model mice. These results suggest that the primary cilium in astrocytes positively regulates C3 expression. We propose that regulating astrocyte-specific primary cilium signalling may be a novel strategy for the suppression of neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nor Atiqah Muhamad
- Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, 8916-5, Takayama Cho, Ikoma, Nara, 630-0192, Japan
| | - Kohei Masutani
- Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, 8916-5, Takayama Cho, Ikoma, Nara, 630-0192, Japan
| | - Shota Furukawa
- Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, 8916-5, Takayama Cho, Ikoma, Nara, 630-0192, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Yuri
- Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, 8916-5, Takayama Cho, Ikoma, Nara, 630-0192, Japan
| | - Michinori Toriyama
- Department of Biomedical Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, Kwansei Gakuin University, 1 Gakuenuegahara, Sanda, Hyogo, 669-1330, Japan
| | - Chuya Matsumoto
- Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, 8916-5, Takayama Cho, Ikoma, Nara, 630-0192, Japan
| | - Seiya Itoh
- Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, 8916-5, Takayama Cho, Ikoma, Nara, 630-0192, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Shinagawa
- Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, 8916-5, Takayama Cho, Ikoma, Nara, 630-0192, Japan
| | - Ayako Isotani
- Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, 8916-5, Takayama Cho, Ikoma, Nara, 630-0192, Japan
| | - Manami Toriyama
- Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, 8916-5, Takayama Cho, Ikoma, Nara, 630-0192, Japan.
| | - Hiroshi Itoh
- Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, 8916-5, Takayama Cho, Ikoma, Nara, 630-0192, Japan.
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3
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Limerick A, McCabe EA, Turner JS, Kuang KW, Brautigan DL, Hao Y, Chu C, Fu SH, Ahmadi S, Xu W, Fu Z. An epilepsy-associated CILK1 variant compromises KATNIP regulation and impairs primary cilia and Hedgehog signaling. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.05.14.594243. [PMID: 38798407 PMCID: PMC11118389 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.14.594243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Mutations in human CILK1 (ciliogenesis associated kinase 1) are linked to ciliopathies and epilepsy. Homozygous point and nonsense mutations that extinguish kinase activity impair primary cilia function, whereas mutations outside the kinase domain are not well understood. Here, we produced a knock-in mouse equivalent of the human CILK1 A615T variant identified in juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME). This residue is in the C-terminal region of CILK1 separate from the kinase domain. Mouse embryo fibroblasts (MEF) with either heterozygous or homozygous A612T mutant alleles exhibited a higher ciliation rate, shorter individual cilia and up-regulation of ciliary Hedgehog signaling. Thus, a single A612T mutant allele was sufficient to impair primary cilia and ciliary signaling in MEFs. Gene expression profiles of wild type versus mutant MEFs revealed profound changes in cilia-related molecular functions and biological processes. CILK1 A615T mutant protein was not increased to the same level as the wild type protein when co-expressed with scaffold protein KATNIP (katanin-interacting protein). Our data show that KATNIP regulation of a JME-associated single residue variant of CILK1 is compromised and this impairs the maintenance of primary cilia and Hedgehog signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Limerick
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Ellie A. McCabe
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Jacob S. Turner
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Kevin W. Kuang
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - David L. Brautigan
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Yi Hao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Cherry Chu
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Sean H. Fu
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Sean Ahmadi
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Wenhao Xu
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Zheng Fu
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
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4
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Yu X, Li L, Ning A, Wang H, Guan C, Ma X, Xia H. Primary cilia abnormalities participate in the occurrence of spontaneous abortion through TGF-β/SMAD2/3 signaling pathway. J Cell Physiol 2024. [PMID: 38704705 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.31292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
Spontaneous abortion is the most common complication in early pregnancy, the exact etiology of most cases cannot be determined. Emerging studies suggest that mutations in ciliary genes may be associated with progression of pregnancy loss. However, the involvement of primary cilia on spontaneous abortion and the underlying molecular mechanisms remains poorly understood. We observed the number and length of primary cilia were significantly decreased in decidua of spontaneous abortion in human and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced abortion mice model, accompanied with increased expression of proinflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α. The length of primary cilia in human endometrial stromal cell (hESC) was significantly shortened after TNF-α treatment. Knocking down intraflagellar transport 88 (IFT88), involved in cilia formation and maintenance, promoted the expression of TNF-α. There was a reverse regulatory relationship between cilia shortening and TNF-α expression. Further research found that shortened cilia impair decidualization in hESC through transforming growth factor (TGF)-β/SMAD2/3 signaling. Primary cilia were impaired in decidua tissue of spontaneous abortion, which might be mainly caused by inflammatory injury. Primary cilia abnormalities resulted in dysregulation of TGF-β/SMAD2/3 signaling transduction and decidualization impairment, which led to spontaneous abortion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqin Yu
- Reproductive and Genetic Center & NHC Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health Engineering Technology Research, National Research Institute for Family Planning (NRIFP), Beijing, China
- Graduate Schools, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Linyuan Li
- University of Michigan College of Literature, Science, and the Arts, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Anfeng Ning
- Reproductive and Genetic Center & NHC Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health Engineering Technology Research, National Research Institute for Family Planning (NRIFP), Beijing, China
- Graduate Schools, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hu Wang
- Reproductive and Genetic Center & NHC Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health Engineering Technology Research, National Research Institute for Family Planning (NRIFP), Beijing, China
- Graduate Schools, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chunyi Guan
- Reproductive and Genetic Center & NHC Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health Engineering Technology Research, National Research Institute for Family Planning (NRIFP), Beijing, China
- Graduate Schools, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xu Ma
- Reproductive and Genetic Center & NHC Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health Engineering Technology Research, National Research Institute for Family Planning (NRIFP), Beijing, China
- Graduate Schools, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hongfei Xia
- Reproductive and Genetic Center & NHC Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health Engineering Technology Research, National Research Institute for Family Planning (NRIFP), Beijing, China
- Graduate Schools, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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5
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Zhu Y, Li Q. Multifaceted roles of PDCD6 both within and outside the cell. J Cell Physiol 2024; 239:e31235. [PMID: 38436472 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.31235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Programmed cell death protein 6 (PDCD6) is an evolutionarily conserved Ca2+-binding protein. PDCD6 is involved in regulating multifaceted and pleiotropic cellular processes in different cellular compartments. For instance, nuclear PDCD6 regulates apoptosis and alternative splicing. PDCD6 is required for coat protein complex II-dependent endoplasmic reticulum-to-Golgi apparatus vesicular transport in the cytoplasm. Recent advances suggest that cytoplasmic PDCD6 is involved in the regulation of cytoskeletal dynamics and innate immune responses. Additionally, membranous PDCD6 participates in membrane repair through endosomal sorting complex required for transport complex-dependent membrane budding. Interestingly, extracellular vesicles are rich in PDCD6. Moreover, abnormal expression of PDCD6 is closely associated with many diseases, especially cancer. PDCD6 is therefore a multifaceted but pivotal protein in vivo. To gain a more comprehensive understanding of PDCD6 functions and to focus and stimulate PDCD6 research, this review summarizes key developments in its role in different subcellular compartments, processes, and pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yigao Zhu
- Center for Cell Structure and Function, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cell Biology in Universities of Shandong, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Qingchao Li
- Center for Cell Structure and Function, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cell Biology in Universities of Shandong, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
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6
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Jurisch-Yaksi N, Wachten D, Gopalakrishnan J. The neuronal cilium - a highly diverse and dynamic organelle involved in sensory detection and neuromodulation. Trends Neurosci 2024; 47:383-394. [PMID: 38580512 DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2024.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
Cilia are fascinating organelles that act as cellular antennae, sensing the cellular environment. Cilia gained significant attention in the late 1990s after their dysfunction was linked to genetic diseases known as ciliopathies. Since then, several breakthrough discoveries have uncovered the mechanisms underlying cilia biogenesis and function. Like most cells in the animal kingdom, neurons also harbor cilia, which are enriched in neuromodulatory receptors. Yet, how neuronal cilia modulate neuronal physiology and animal behavior remains poorly understood. By comparing ciliary biology between the sensory and central nervous systems (CNS), we provide new perspectives on the functions of cilia in brain physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie Jurisch-Yaksi
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine (IKOM), Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Erling Skalgssons gate 1, 7491 Trondheim, Norway.
| | - Dagmar Wachten
- Department of Biophysical Imaging, Institute of Innate Immunity, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Jay Gopalakrishnan
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital, Heinrich-Heine-Universität, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; Institute for Human Genetics, Universitätsklinikum Jena, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, 07740 Jena, Germany
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7
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Kurzawa-Akanbi M, Tzoumas N, Corral-Serrano JC, Guarascio R, Steel DH, Cheetham ME, Armstrong L, Lako M. Pluripotent stem cell-derived models of retinal disease: Elucidating pathogenesis, evaluating novel treatments, and estimating toxicity. Prog Retin Eye Res 2024; 100:101248. [PMID: 38369182 DOI: 10.1016/j.preteyeres.2024.101248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Blindness poses a growing global challenge, with approximately 26% of cases attributed to degenerative retinal diseases. While gene therapy, optogenetic tools, photosensitive switches, and retinal prostheses offer hope for vision restoration, these high-cost therapies will benefit few patients. Understanding retinal diseases is therefore key to advance effective treatments, requiring in vitro models replicating pathology and allowing quantitative assessments for drug discovery. Pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) provide a unique solution given their limitless supply and ability to differentiate into light-responsive retinal tissues encompassing all cell types. This review focuses on the history and current state of photoreceptor and retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cell generation from PSCs. We explore the applications of this technology in disease modelling, experimental therapy testing, biomarker identification, and toxicity studies. We consider challenges in scalability, standardisation, and reproducibility, and stress the importance of incorporating vasculature and immune cells into retinal organoids. We advocate for high-throughput automation in data acquisition and analyses and underscore the value of advanced micro-physiological systems that fully capture the interactions between the neural retina, RPE, and choriocapillaris.
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8
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Ni H, Li L, Hu D, Yang M, Wang D, Ma H, Bu W, Yang J, Zhu LE, Zhai D, Song T, Yang S, Lu Q, Li D, Ran J, Liu M. Dynamic changes of endothelial and stromal cilia are required for the maintenance of corneal homeostasis. J Cell Physiol 2024; 239:e31215. [PMID: 38308657 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.31215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
Primary cilia are distributed extensively within the corneal epithelium and endothelium. However, the presence of cilia in the corneal stroma and the dynamic changes and roles of endothelial and stromal cilia in corneal homeostasis remain largely unknown. Here, we present compelling evidence for the presence of primary cilia in the corneal stroma, both in vivo and in vitro. We also demonstrate dynamic changes of both endothelial and stromal cilia during corneal development. In addition, our data show that cryoinjury triggers dramatic cilium formation in the corneal endothelium and stroma. Furthermore, depletion of cilia in mutant mice lacking intraflagellar transport protein 88 compromises the corneal endothelial capacity to establish the effective tissue barrier, leading to an upregulation of α-smooth muscle actin within the corneal stroma in response to cryoinjury. These observations underscore the essential involvement of corneal endothelial and stromal cilia in maintaining corneal homeostasis and provide an innovative strategy for the treatment of corneal injuries and diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Ni
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
- College of Life and Geographic Sciences, Kashi University, Kashi, China
| | - Lamei Li
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Die Hu
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Mulin Yang
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Difei Wang
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Hongbo Ma
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Weiwen Bu
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jia Yang
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Li-E Zhu
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Denghui Zhai
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Ting Song
- Center for Cell Structure and Function, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Song Yang
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Quanlong Lu
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Dengwen Li
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jie Ran
- Center for Cell Structure and Function, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Min Liu
- Laboratory of Tissue Homeostasis, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Tianjin, China
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9
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Dodd DO, Mechaussier S, Yeyati PL, McPhie F, Anderson JR, Khoo CJ, Shoemark A, Gupta DK, Attard T, Zariwala MA, Legendre M, Bracht D, Wallmeier J, Gui M, Fassad MR, Parry DA, Tennant PA, Meynert A, Wheway G, Fares-Taie L, Black HA, Mitri-Frangieh R, Faucon C, Kaplan J, Patel M, McKie L, Megaw R, Gatsogiannis C, Mohamed MA, Aitken S, Gautier P, Reinholt FR, Hirst RA, O'Callaghan C, Heimdal K, Bottier M, Escudier E, Crowley S, Descartes M, Jabs EW, Kenia P, Amiel J, Bacci GM, Calogero C, Palazzo V, Tiberi L, Blümlein U, Rogers A, Wambach JA, Wegner DJ, Fulton AB, Kenna M, Rosenfeld M, Holm IA, Quigley A, Hall EA, Murphy LC, Cassidy DM, von Kriegsheim A, Papon JF, Pasquier L, Murris MS, Chalmers JD, Hogg C, Macleod KA, Urquhart DS, Unger S, Aitman TJ, Amselem S, Leigh MW, Knowles MR, Omran H, Mitchison HM, Brown A, Marsh JA, Welburn JPI, Ti SC, Horani A, Rozet JM, Perrault I, Mill P. Ciliopathy patient variants reveal organelle-specific functions for TUBB4B in axonemal microtubules. Science 2024; 384:eadf5489. [PMID: 38662826 DOI: 10.1126/science.adf5489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
Tubulin, one of the most abundant cytoskeletal building blocks, has numerous isotypes in metazoans encoded by different conserved genes. Whether these distinct isotypes form cell type- and context-specific microtubule structures is poorly understood. Based on a cohort of 12 patients with primary ciliary dyskinesia as well as mouse mutants, we identified and characterized variants in the TUBB4B isotype that specifically perturbed centriole and cilium biogenesis. Distinct TUBB4B variants differentially affected microtubule dynamics and cilia formation in a dominant-negative manner. Structure-function studies revealed that different TUBB4B variants disrupted distinct tubulin interfaces, thereby enabling stratification of patients into three classes of ciliopathic diseases. These findings show that specific tubulin isotypes have distinct and nonredundant subcellular functions and establish a link between tubulinopathies and ciliopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel O Dodd
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, MRC Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Sabrina Mechaussier
- Laboratory of Genetics in Ophthalmology, INSERM UMR_1163, Institute of Genetic Diseases, Institut Imagine, Université de Paris, Paris 75015, France
| | - Patricia L Yeyati
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, MRC Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Fraser McPhie
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, MRC Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Jacob R Anderson
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Chen Jing Khoo
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Amelia Shoemark
- Respiratory Research Group, Molecular and Cellular Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 9SY, UK
- Respiratory Paediatrics, Royal Brompton Hospital, London SW3 6NP, UK
| | - Deepesh K Gupta
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
| | - Thomas Attard
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3BF, UK
| | - Maimoona A Zariwala
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Marsico Lung Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7248, USA
| | - Marie Legendre
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Sorbonne Université, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Hôpital Armand Trousseau, Paris 75012, France
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Childhood Genetic Disorders, Paris 75012, France
| | - Diana Bracht
- Department of General Pediatrics, University Children's Hospital Münster, Münster 48149, Germany
| | - Julia Wallmeier
- Department of General Pediatrics, University Children's Hospital Münster, Münster 48149, Germany
| | - Miao Gui
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Mahmoud R Fassad
- Genetics and Genomic Medicine Department, UCL Institute of Child Health, University College London, London WC1N 1EH, UK
- Department of Human Genetics, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21561, Egypt
| | - David A Parry
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, MRC Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Peter A Tennant
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, MRC Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Alison Meynert
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, MRC Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Gabrielle Wheway
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Lucas Fares-Taie
- Laboratory of Genetics in Ophthalmology, INSERM UMR_1163, Institute of Genetic Diseases, Institut Imagine, Université de Paris, Paris 75015, France
| | - Holly A Black
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, MRC Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
- South East of Scotland Genetics Service, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Rana Mitri-Frangieh
- Department of Anatomy, Cytology and Pathology, Hôpital Intercommuncal de Créteil, Créteil 94000, France
- Biomechanics and Respiratory Apparatus, IMRB, U955 INSERM - Université Paris Est Créteil, CNRS ERL 7000, Créteil 94000, France
| | - Catherine Faucon
- Department of Anatomy, Cytology and Pathology, Hôpital Intercommuncal de Créteil, Créteil 94000, France
| | - Josseline Kaplan
- Laboratory of Genetics in Ophthalmology, INSERM UMR_1163, Institute of Genetic Diseases, Institut Imagine, Université de Paris, Paris 75015, France
| | - Mitali Patel
- Genetics and Genomic Medicine Department, UCL Institute of Child Health, University College London, London WC1N 1EH, UK
- MRC Prion Unit, Institute of Prion Diseases, University College London, London W1W 7FF, UK
| | - Lisa McKie
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, MRC Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Roly Megaw
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, MRC Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
- Princess Alexandra Eye Pavilion, Edinburgh EH3 9HA, UK
| | - Christos Gatsogiannis
- Center for Soft Nanoscience and Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Münster 48149, Germany
| | - Mai A Mohamed
- Genetics and Genomic Medicine Department, UCL Institute of Child Health, University College London, London WC1N 1EH, UK
- Biochemistry Division, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Ash Sharqiyah 44519, Egypt
| | - Stuart Aitken
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, MRC Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Philippe Gautier
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, MRC Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Finn R Reinholt
- Core Facility for Electron Microscopy, Department of Pathology, Oslo University Hospital-Rikshospitalet, Oslo 0372, Norway
| | - Robert A Hirst
- Centre for PCD Diagnosis and Research, Department of Respiratory Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 9HN, UK
| | - Chris O'Callaghan
- Centre for PCD Diagnosis and Research, Department of Respiratory Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 9HN, UK
| | - Ketil Heimdal
- Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo 0407, Norway
| | - Mathieu Bottier
- Respiratory Research Group, Molecular and Cellular Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 9SY, UK
| | - Estelle Escudier
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Childhood Genetic Disorders, Paris 75012, France
- Department of Anatomy, Cytology and Pathology, Hôpital Intercommuncal de Créteil, Créteil 94000, France
| | - Suzanne Crowley
- Paediatric Department of Allergy and Lung Diseases, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo 0407, Norway
| | - Maria Descartes
- Department of Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294-0024, USA
| | - Ethylin W Jabs
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York 10029-6504, New York, USA
- Department of Clinical Genomics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, NY 55905, USA
| | - Priti Kenia
- Department of Paediatric Respiratory Medicine, Birmingham Women's and Children's Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham B15 2TG, UK
| | - Jeanne Amiel
- Département de Génétique, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris 75015, France
- Laboratory of Embryology and Genetics of Human Malformations, INSERM UMR 1163, Institut Imagine, Université de Paris, Paris 75015, France
| | - Giacomo Maria Bacci
- Pediatric Ophthalmology Unit, Meyer Children's Hospital IRCCS, Florence 50139, Italy
| | - Claudia Calogero
- Pediatric Pulmonary Unit, Meyer Children's Hospital IRCCS, Florence 50139, Italy
| | - Viviana Palazzo
- Medical Genetics Unit, Meyer Children's Hospital IRCCS, Florence 50139, Italy
| | - Lucia Tiberi
- Medical Genetics Unit, Meyer Children's Hospital IRCCS, Florence 50139, Italy
| | | | - Andrew Rogers
- Respiratory Paediatrics, Royal Brompton Hospital, London SW3 6NP, UK
| | - Jennifer A Wambach
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
| | - Daniel J Wegner
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
| | - Anne B Fulton
- Department of Ophthalmology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Margaret Kenna
- Department of Otolaryngology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Margaret Rosenfeld
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine and Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98015, USA
| | - Ingrid A Holm
- Division of Genetics and Genomics and the Manton Center for Orphan Diseases Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115 USA
| | - Alan Quigley
- Department of Paediatric Radiology, Royal Hospital for Children and Young People, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Emma A Hall
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, MRC Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Laura C Murphy
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, MRC Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Diane M Cassidy
- Respiratory Research Group, Molecular and Cellular Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 9SY, UK
| | - Alex von Kriegsheim
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Jean-François Papon
- ENT Department, Bicêtre Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris-Saclay University, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre 94270, France
| | - Laurent Pasquier
- Medical Genetics Department, CHU Pontchaillou, Rennes 35033, France
| | - Marlène S Murris
- Department of Pulmonology, Transplantation, and Cystic Fibrosis Centre, Larrey Hospital, Toulouse 31400, France
| | - James D Chalmers
- Respiratory Research Group, Molecular and Cellular Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 9SY, UK
| | - Claire Hogg
- Respiratory Paediatrics, Royal Brompton Hospital, London SW3 6NP, UK
| | - Kenneth A Macleod
- Department of Paediatric Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Royal Hospital for Children and Young People, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Don S Urquhart
- Department of Paediatric Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Royal Hospital for Children and Young People, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
- Department of Child Life and Health, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Stefan Unger
- Department of Paediatric Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Royal Hospital for Children and Young People, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
- Department of Child Life and Health, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Timothy J Aitman
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, MRC Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Serge Amselem
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Sorbonne Université, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Hôpital Armand Trousseau, Paris 75012, France
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Childhood Genetic Disorders, Paris 75012, France
| | - Margaret W Leigh
- Department of Pediatrics, Marsico Lung Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7248, USA
| | - Michael R Knowles
- Department of Medicine, Marsico Lung Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7248, USA
| | - Heymut Omran
- Department of General Pediatrics, University Children's Hospital Münster, Münster 48149, Germany
| | - Hannah M Mitchison
- Genetics and Genomic Medicine Department, UCL Institute of Child Health, University College London, London WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - Alan Brown
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Joseph A Marsh
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, MRC Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Julie P I Welburn
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3BF, UK
| | - Shih-Chieh Ti
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Amjad Horani
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Jean-Michel Rozet
- Laboratory of Genetics in Ophthalmology, INSERM UMR_1163, Institute of Genetic Diseases, Institut Imagine, Université de Paris, Paris 75015, France
| | - Isabelle Perrault
- Laboratory of Genetics in Ophthalmology, INSERM UMR_1163, Institute of Genetic Diseases, Institut Imagine, Université de Paris, Paris 75015, France
| | - Pleasantine Mill
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, MRC Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
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10
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Nishimura Y. [Regulation of adipose progenitors and fibro-adipogenic progenitors through primary cilia]. Nihon Yakurigaku Zasshi 2024:23108. [PMID: 38684399 DOI: 10.1254/fpj.23108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
The primary cilium, an antenna-like structure of cell membrane, detects various signals and regulates cellular functions such as proliferation and differentiation. The impairment of primary cilium is associated with the etiologies of diseases including cancer, obesity, and congenital anomalies. In this review, novel functions of trichoplein, a suppressor of ciliogenesis, on the regulation of adipose progenitors and fibro-adipogenic progenitors are focused. Trichoplein-knockout mice show resistance to high-fat diet-induced obesity and accelerated regeneration after skeletal muscle injury. The primary cilia of adipose progenitors from trichoplein-knockout mice are elongated, leading to the inhibitions of the accumulation of lipid raft to the base of primary cilia and the phosphorylation of AKT. The primary cilia of fibro-adipogenic progenitors from trichoplein-knockout mice are also elongated, causing the increased expression of IL-13 through IL-33 receptor signaling. These mechanisms are involved in the resistance to diet-induced obesity and improved regeneration. These findings suggest that targeting the primary cilia of specific cells may be a novel therapeutic approach through modulating cellular functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhei Nishimura
- Department of Integrative Pharmacology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine
- Research Center for Cilia and Diseases, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine
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11
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Li Z, Zhao H, Li S, Jiao Z. Midbody remnant regulates the formation of primary cilia and their roles in tumor growth. Zhejiang Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban 2024; 53:261-268. [PMID: 38413234 PMCID: PMC11057987 DOI: 10.3724/zdxbyxb-2023-0461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
Recent studies have shown that the formation of the primary cilium is associated with a specific cellular organelle known as the midbody remnant (MBR), which is a point-like organelle formed by shedding of the midbody at the end of mitosis. MBRs move along the cell surface close to the center body and regulate it to form primary cilia at the top of the centriole. Primary cilia can act as an organelle to inhibit tumorigenesis, and it is lost in a variety of tumors. Studies have shown that the accumulation of MBRs in tumor cells affects ciliogenesis; in addition, both MBRs and primary cilia are degraded in tumor cells through the autophagy pathway, and MBRs can also transfer tumor signaling pathway factors to primary cilia affecting tumorigenesis. In this article, the basic structure and the formation process of MBR and primary cilia are reviewed and the mechanism of MBRs regulating ciliogenesis is elaborated. The significance of MBR-mediated ciliogenesis in tumorigenesis and its potential as a target for cancer treatment are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengyang Li
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, China.
| | - Huiming Zhao
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, China
| | - Subing Li
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - Zuoyi Jiao
- Department of General Surgery, the Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, China.
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12
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Walker MF, Zhang J, Steiner W, Ku PI, Zhu JF, Michaelson Z, Yen YC, Lee A, Long AB, Casey MJ, Poddar A, Nelson IB, Arveseth CD, Nagel F, Clough R, LaPotin S, Kwan KM, Schulz S, Stewart RA, Tesmer JJG, Caspary T, Subramanian R, Ge X, Myers BR. GRK2 Kinases in the Primary Cilium Initiate SMOOTHENED-PKA Signaling in the Hedgehog Cascade. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2023.05.10.540226. [PMID: 37214942 PMCID: PMC10197709 DOI: 10.1101/2023.05.10.540226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
During Hedgehog (Hh) signal transduction in development and disease, the atypical G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) SMOOTHENED (SMO) communicates with GLI transcription factors by binding the protein kinase A catalytic subunit (PKA-C) and physically blocking its enzymatic activity. Here we show that GPCR kinase 2 (GRK2) orchestrates this process during endogenous Hh pathway activation in the vertebrate primary cilium. Upon SMO activation, GRK2 rapidly relocalizes from the ciliary base to the shaft, triggering SMO phosphorylation and PKA-C interaction. Reconstitution studies reveal that GRK2 phosphorylation enables active SMO to bind PKA-C directly. Lastly, the SMO-GRK2-PKA pathway underlies Hh signal transduction in a range of cellular and in vivo models. Thus, GRK2 phosphorylation of ciliary SMO, and the ensuing PKA-C binding and inactivation, are critical initiating events for the intracellular steps in Hh signaling. More broadly, our study suggests an expanded role for GRKs in enabling direct GPCR interactions with diverse intracellular effectors.
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13
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Weijman JF, Vuolo L, Shak C, Pugnetti A, Mukhopadhyay AG, Hodgson LR, Heesom KJ, Roberts AJ, Stephens DJ. Roles for CEP170 in cilia function and dynein-2 assembly. J Cell Sci 2024; 137:jcs261816. [PMID: 38533689 PMCID: PMC11112123 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.261816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Primary cilia are essential eukaryotic organelles required for signalling and secretion. Dynein-2 is a microtubule-motor protein complex and is required for ciliogenesis via its role in facilitating retrograde intraflagellar transport (IFT) from the cilia tip to the cell body. Dynein-2 must be assembled and loaded onto IFT trains for entry into cilia for this process to occur, but how dynein-2 is assembled and how it is recycled back into a cilium remain poorly understood. Here, we identify centrosomal protein of 170 kDa (CEP170) as a dynein-2-interacting protein in mammalian cells. We show that loss of CEP170 perturbs intraflagellar transport and hedgehog signalling, and alters the stability of dynein-2 holoenzyme complex. Together, our data indicate a role for CEP170 in supporting cilia function and dynein-2 assembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes F. Weijman
- Cell Biology Laboratories, School of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Laura Vuolo
- Cell Biology Laboratories, School of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Caroline Shak
- Cell Biology Laboratories, School of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Anna Pugnetti
- Cell Biology Laboratories, School of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK
| | | | - Lorna R. Hodgson
- Wolfson Bioimaging Facility, Faculty of Life Sciences, University Walk, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Kate J. Heesom
- Proteomics Facility, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Anthony J. Roberts
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RE, UK
| | - David J. Stephens
- Cell Biology Laboratories, School of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK
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14
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Adams JM, Sawe C, Rogers S, Reid J, Dasari R, Engelke MF. Characterization of the disease-causing mechanism of KIF3B mutations from ciliopathy patients. Front Mol Biosci 2024; 11:1327963. [PMID: 38665936 PMCID: PMC11043552 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2024.1327963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The heterodimeric kinesin-2 motor (KIF3A/KIF3B with accessory protein KAP3) drives intraflagellar transport, essential for ciliogenesis and ciliary function. Three point mutations in the KIF3B subunit have recently been linked to disease in humans (E250Q and L523P) and Bengal cats (A334T) (Cogné et al., Am. J. Hum. Genet., 2020, 106, 893-904). Patients display retinal atrophy and, in some cases, other ciliopathy phenotypes. However, the molecular mechanism leading to disease is currently unknown. Here, we used Kif3a -/- ;Kif3b -/- (knockout) 3T3 cells, which cannot make cilia, to characterize these mutations. While reexpression of KIF3B(E250Q) and KIF3B(L523P) did not rescue ciliogenesis, reexpression of wildtype or KIF3B(A334T) restored ciliogenesis to wildtype levels. Fluorescent tagging revealed that the E250Q mutant decorated microtubules and thus is a rigor mutation. The L523P mutation, in the alpha-helical stalk domain, surprisingly did not affect formation of the KIF3A/KIF3B/KAP3 complex but instead impaired motility along microtubules. Lastly, expression of the A334T motor was reduced in comparison to all other motors, and this motor displayed an impaired ability to disperse the Golgi complex when artificially linked to this high-load cargo. In summary, this work uses cell-based assays to elucidate the molecular effects of disease-causing mutations in the KIF3B subunit on the kinesin-2 holoenzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Martin F. Engelke
- School of Biological Sciences, Cell Physiology, Illinois State University, Normal, IL, United States
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15
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Lin Z, Shen Y, Li Y, Lu C, Zhu Y, He R, Cao Z, Yin Z, Gao H, Guo B, Ma X, Cao M, Luo M. Novel compound heterozygous variants in ARL13B lead to Joubert syndrome. J Cell Physiol 2024; 239:e31189. [PMID: 38219074 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.31189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
Joubert syndrome (JBTS) is a systematic developmental disorder mainly characterized by a pathognomonic mid-hindbrain malformation. All known JBTS-associated genes encode proteins involved in the function of antenna-like cellular organelle, primary cilium, which plays essential roles in cellular signal transduction and development. Here, we identified four unreported variants in ARL13B in two patients with the classical features of JBTS. ARL13B is a member of the Ras GTPase family and functions in ciliogenesis and cilia-related signaling. The two missense variants in ARL13B harbored the substitutions of amino acids at evolutionarily conserved positions. Using model cell lines, we found that the accumulations of the missense variants in cilia were impaired and the variants showed attenuated functions in ciliogenesis or the trafficking of INPP5E. Overall, these findings expanded the ARL13B pathogenetic variant spectrum of JBTS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaisheng Lin
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Department of Pathophysiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yue Shen
- National Human Genetic Resources Center, National Research Institute for Family Planning, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Li
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Department of Pathophysiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chao Lu
- National Human Genetic Resources Center, National Research Institute for Family Planning, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Zhu
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Department of Pathophysiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ruida He
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Department of Pathophysiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zongfu Cao
- National Human Genetic Resources Center, National Research Institute for Family Planning, Beijing, China
| | - Zhe Yin
- National Human Genetic Resources Center, National Research Institute for Family Planning, Beijing, China
| | - Huafang Gao
- National Human Genetic Resources Center, National Research Institute for Family Planning, Beijing, China
| | - Bin Guo
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Department of Pathophysiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xu Ma
- National Human Genetic Resources Center, National Research Institute for Family Planning, Beijing, China
| | - Muqing Cao
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Department of Pathophysiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Minna Luo
- National Human Genetic Resources Center, National Research Institute for Family Planning, Beijing, China
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16
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Gargalionis AN, Papavassiliou KA, Papavassiliou AG. Mechanotransduction Circuits in Human Pathobiology. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3816. [PMID: 38612628 PMCID: PMC11011732 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25073816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
It is widely acknowledged that mechanical forces exerted throughout the human body are critical for cellular and tissue homeostasis [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonios N. Gargalionis
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Kostas A. Papavassiliou
- ‘Sotiria’ Hospital, Medical School, First University Department of Respiratory Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece;
| | - Athanasios G. Papavassiliou
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
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17
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Schieweck R, Götz M. Pan-cellular organelles and suborganelles-from common functions to cellular diversity? Genes Dev 2024; 38:98-114. [PMID: 38485267 PMCID: PMC10982711 DOI: 10.1101/gad.351337.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Cell diversification is at the base of increasing multicellular organism complexity in phylogeny achieved during ontogeny. However, there are also functions common to all cells, such as cell division, cell migration, translation, endocytosis, exocytosis, etc. Here we revisit the organelles involved in such common functions, reviewing recent evidence of unexpected differences of proteins at these organelles. For instance, centrosomes or mitochondria differ significantly in their protein composition in different, sometimes closely related, cell types. This has relevance for development and disease. Particularly striking is the high amount and diversity of RNA-binding proteins at these and other organelles, which brings us to review the evidence for RNA at different organelles and suborganelles. We include a discussion about (sub)organelles involved in translation, such as the nucleolus and ribosomes, for which unexpected cell type-specific diversity has also been reported. We propose here that the heterogeneity of these organelles and compartments represents a novel mechanism for regulating cell diversity. One reason is that protein functions can be multiplied by their different contributions in distinct organelles, as also exemplified by proteins with moonlighting function. The specialized organelles still perform pan-cellular functions but in a cell type-specific mode, as discussed here for centrosomes, mitochondria, vesicles, and other organelles. These can serve as regulatory hubs for the storage and transport of specific and functionally important regulators. In this way, they can control cell differentiation, plasticity, and survival. We further include examples highlighting the relevance for disease and propose to examine organelles in many more cell types for their possible differences with functional relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rico Schieweck
- Institute of Biophysics, National Research Council (CNR) Unit at Trento, 38123 Povo, Italy;
- Biomedical Center (BMC), Department of Physiological Genomics, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Magdalena Götz
- Biomedical Center (BMC), Department of Physiological Genomics, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany;
- Institute of Stem Cell Research, Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
- SYNERGY, Excellence Cluster of Systems Neurology, Biomedical Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
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18
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Fasawe AS, Adams JM, Engelke MF. KIF3A tail domain phosphorylation is not required for ciliogenesis in mouse embryonic fibroblasts. iScience 2024; 27:109149. [PMID: 38405607 PMCID: PMC10884758 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Primary cilia are essential signaling organelles that protrude from most cells in the body. Heterodimeric kinesin-2 (KIF3A/KIF3B/KAP3) powers several intracellular transport processes, including intraflagellar transport (IFT), essential for ciliogenesis. A long-standing question is how a motor protein is differentially regulated for specific cargos. Since phosphorylation of the KIF3A tail domain was suggested to regulate the activity of kinesin-2 for ciliogenesis, similarly as for the cytosolic cargo N-Cadherin, we set out to map the phosphosites involved in this regulation. Using well-characterized Kif3a-/-; Kif3b-/- mouse embryonic fibroblasts, we performed ciliogenesis rescue assays with a library of phosphomimetic mutants comprising all predicted phosphosites in the KIF3A tail domain. In contrast to previous reports, we found that KIF3A tail domain phosphorylation is dispensable for ciliogenesis in mammals. Thus, mammalian kinesin-2 is differently regulated for IFT than currently thought, consistent with the idea of differential regulation for ciliary and cytosolic cargo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayoola S. Fasawe
- School of Biological Sciences, Cell Physiology, Illinois State University, Normal, IL 61790, USA
| | - Jessica M. Adams
- School of Biological Sciences, Cell Physiology, Illinois State University, Normal, IL 61790, USA
| | - Martin F. Engelke
- School of Biological Sciences, Cell Physiology, Illinois State University, Normal, IL 61790, USA
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19
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Rezi CK, Aslanyan M, Diwan GD, Cheng T, Chamlali M, Junger K, Anvarian Z, Lorentzen E, Pauly KB, Bahadori Y, Fernandes EF, Qian F, Tosi S, Christensen ST, Pedersen SF, Stromgaard K, Russell RB, Miner JH, Mahjoub MR, Boldt K, Roepman R, Pedersen LB. DLG1 functions upstream of SDCCAG3 and IFT20 to control ciliary targeting of polycystin-2. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2023.11.10.566524. [PMID: 37987012 PMCID: PMC10659422 DOI: 10.1101/2023.11.10.566524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Polarized vesicular trafficking directs specific receptors and ion channels to cilia, but the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. Here we describe a role for DLG1, a core component of the Scribble polarity complex, in regulating ciliary protein trafficking in kidney epithelial cells. Conditional knockout of Dlg1 in mouse kidney caused ciliary elongation and cystogenesis, and cell-based proximity labelling proteomics and fluorescence microscopy showed alterations in the ciliary proteome upon loss of DLG1. Specifically, the retromer-associated protein SDCCAG3, IFT20 and polycystin-2 (PC2) were reduced in cilia of DLG1 deficient cells compared to control cells. This phenotype was recapitulated in vivo and rescuable by re-expression of wildtype DLG1, but not a Congenital Anomalies of the Kidney and Urinary Tract (CAKUT)-associated DLG1 variant, p.T489R. Finally, biochemical approaches and Alpha Fold modelling suggested that SDCCAG3 and IFT20 form a complex that associates, at least indirectly, with DLG1. Our work identifies a key role for DLG1 in regulating ciliary protein composition and suggests that ciliary dysfunction of the p.T489R DLG1 variant may contribute to CAKUT.
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20
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Flax RG, Rosston P, Rocha C, Anderson B, Capener JL, Durcan TM, Drewry DH, Prinos P, Axtman AD. Illumination of understudied ciliary kinases. Front Mol Biosci 2024; 11:1352781. [PMID: 38523660 PMCID: PMC10958382 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2024.1352781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Cilia are cellular signaling hubs. Given that human kinases are central regulators of signaling, it is not surprising that kinases are key players in cilia biology. In fact, many kinases modulate ciliogenesis, which is the generation of cilia, and distinct ciliary pathways. Several of these kinases are understudied with few publications dedicated to the interrogation of their function. Recent efforts to develop chemical probes for members of the cyclin-dependent kinase like (CDKL), never in mitosis gene A (NIMA) related kinase (NEK), and tau tubulin kinase (TTBK) families either have delivered or are working toward delivery of high-quality chemical tools to characterize the roles that specific kinases play in ciliary processes. A better understanding of ciliary kinases may shed light on whether modulation of these targets will slow or halt disease onset or progression. For example, both understudied human kinases and some that are more well-studied play important ciliary roles in neurons and have been implicated in neurodevelopmental, neurodegenerative, and other neurological diseases. Similarly, subsets of human ciliary kinases are associated with cancer and oncological pathways. Finally, a group of genetic disorders characterized by defects in cilia called ciliopathies have associated gene mutations that impact kinase activity and function. This review highlights both progress related to the understanding of ciliary kinases as well as in chemical inhibitor development for a subset of these kinases. We emphasize known roles of ciliary kinases in diseases of the brain and malignancies and focus on a subset of poorly characterized kinases that regulate ciliary biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raymond G. Flax
- Structural Genomics Consortium, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Peter Rosston
- Structural Genomics Consortium, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Cecilia Rocha
- The Neuro’s Early Drug Discovery Unit (EDDU), McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Brian Anderson
- Structural Genomics Consortium, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Jacob L. Capener
- Structural Genomics Consortium, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Thomas M. Durcan
- The Neuro’s Early Drug Discovery Unit (EDDU), McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - David H. Drewry
- Structural Genomics Consortium, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
- UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Panagiotis Prinos
- Structural Genomics Consortium, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Alison D. Axtman
- Structural Genomics Consortium, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
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21
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Hoque M, Li FQ, Weber WD, Chen JJ, Kim EN, Kuo PL, Visconti PE, Takemaru KI. The Cby3/ciBAR1 complex positions the annulus along the sperm flagellum during spermiogenesis. J Cell Biol 2024; 223:e202307147. [PMID: 38197861 PMCID: PMC10783431 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202307147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Proper compartmentalization of the sperm flagellum is essential for fertility. The annulus is a septin-based ring that demarcates the midpiece (MP) and the principal piece (PP). It is assembled at the flagellar base, migrates caudally, and halts upon arriving at the PP. However, the mechanisms governing annulus positioning remain unknown. We report that a Chibby3 (Cby3)/Cby1-interacting BAR domain-containing 1 (ciBAR1) complex is required for this process. Ablation of either gene in mice results in male fertility defects, caused by kinked sperm flagella with the annulus mispositioned in the PP. Cby3 and ciBAR1 interact and colocalize to the annulus near the curved membrane invagination at the flagellar pocket. In the absence of Cby3, periannular membranes appear to be deformed, allowing the annulus to migrate over the fibrous sheath into the PP. Collectively, our results suggest that the Cby3/ciBAR1 complex regulates local membrane properties to position the annulus at the MP/PP junction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Hoque
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Graduate Program, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Feng-Qian Li
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - William David Weber
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Jun Jie Chen
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Graduate Program, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Eunice N. Kim
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Graduate Program, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Pao-Lin Kuo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Pablo E. Visconti
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Ken-Ichi Takemaru
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Graduate Program, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
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22
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Wu Z, Chen H, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Wang Q, Augière C, Hou Y, Fu Y, Peng Y, Durand B, Wei Q. Cep131-Cep162 and Cby-Fam92 complexes cooperatively maintain Cep290 at the basal body and contribute to ciliogenesis initiation. PLoS Biol 2024; 22:e3002330. [PMID: 38442096 PMCID: PMC10914257 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3002330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Cilia play critical roles in cell signal transduction and organ development. Defects in cilia function result in a variety of genetic disorders. Cep290 is an evolutionarily conserved ciliopathy protein that bridges the ciliary membrane and axoneme at the basal body (BB) and plays critical roles in the initiation of ciliogenesis and TZ assembly. How Cep290 is maintained at BB and whether axonemal and ciliary membrane localized cues converge to determine the localization of Cep290 remain unknown. Here, we report that the Cep131-Cep162 module near the axoneme and the Cby-Fam92 module close to the membrane synergistically control the BB localization of Cep290 and the subsequent initiation of ciliogenesis in Drosophila. Concurrent deletion of any protein of the Cep131-Cep162 module and of the Cby-Fam92 module leads to a complete loss of Cep290 from BB and blocks ciliogenesis at its initiation stage. Our results reveal that the first step of ciliogenesis strictly depends on cooperative and retroactive interactions between Cep131-Cep162, Cby-Fam92 and Cep290, which may contribute to the complex pathogenesis of Cep290-related ciliopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhimao Wu
- Center for Energy Metabolism and Reproduction, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shenzhen, China
| | - Huicheng Chen
- Center for Energy Metabolism and Reproduction, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shenzhen, China
| | - Yingying Zhang
- Center for Energy Metabolism and Reproduction, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shenzhen, China
| | - Yaru Wang
- Center for Energy Metabolism and Reproduction, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shenzhen, China
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institute of Biotechnology, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Qiaoling Wang
- Institute of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Céline Augière
- University Claude Bernard Lyon 1, MeLiS—UCBL—CNRS UMR 5284—INSERM U1314, Lyon, France
| | - Yanan Hou
- Center for Energy Metabolism and Reproduction, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shenzhen, China
| | - Yuejun Fu
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institute of Biotechnology, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Ying Peng
- Institute of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Bénédicte Durand
- University Claude Bernard Lyon 1, MeLiS—UCBL—CNRS UMR 5284—INSERM U1314, Lyon, France
| | - Qing Wei
- Center for Energy Metabolism and Reproduction, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shenzhen, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Metabolic Health, Shenzhen, China
- School of Synthetic Biology, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Nucleic Acid Biopesticides, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
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23
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Melrose J. Hippo cell signaling and HS-proteoglycans regulate tissue form and function, age-dependent maturation, extracellular matrix remodeling, and repair. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2024; 326:C810-C828. [PMID: 38223931 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00683.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
This review examined how Hippo cell signaling and heparan sulfate (HS)-proteoglycans (HSPGs) regulate tissue form and function. Despite being a nonweight-bearing tissue, the brain is regulated by Hippo mechanoresponsive cell signaling pathways during embryonic development. HS-proteoglycans interact with growth factors, morphogens, and extracellular matrix components to regulate development and pathology. Pikachurin and Eyes shut (Eys) interact with dystroglycan to stabilize the photoreceptor axoneme primary cilium and ribbon synapse facilitating phototransduction and neurotransduction with bipolar retinal neuronal networks in ocular vision, the primary human sense. Another HSPG, Neurexin interacts with structural and adaptor proteins to stabilize synapses and ensure specificity of neural interactions, and aids in synaptic potentiation and plasticity in neurotransduction. HSPGs also stabilize the blood-brain barrier and motor neuron basal structures in the neuromuscular junction. Agrin and perlecan localize acetylcholinesterase and its receptors in the neuromuscular junction essential for neuromuscular control. The primary cilium is a mechanosensory hub on neurons, utilized by YES associated protein (YAP)-transcriptional coactivator with PDZ-binding motif (TAZ) Hippo, Hh, Wnt, transforming growth factor (TGF)-β/bone matrix protein (BMP) receptor tyrosine kinase cell signaling. Members of the glypican HSPG proteoglycan family interact with Smoothened and Patched G-protein coupled receptors on the cilium to regulate Hh and Wnt signaling during neuronal development. Control of glycosyl sulfotransferases and endogenous protease expression by Hippo TAZ YAP represents a mechanism whereby the fine structure of HS-proteoglycans can be potentially modulated spatiotemporally to regulate tissue morphogenesis in a similar manner to how Hippo signaling controls sialyltransferase expression and mediation of cell-cell recognition, dysfunctional sialic acid expression is a feature of many tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Melrose
- Raymond Purves Laboratory, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, University of Sydney, Northern Sydney Local Health District, Royal North Shore Hospital, St. Leonards, New South Wales, Australia
- Sydney Medical School-Northern, University of Sydney at Royal North Shore Hospital, St. Leonards, New South Wales, Australia
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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24
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Fitzsimons LA, Staurengo-Ferrari L, Bogen O, Araldi D, Bonet IJM, Jordan EE, Levine JD, Tucker KL. The Primary Cilium and its Hedgehog Signaling in Nociceptors Contribute to Inflammatory and Neuropathic Pain. RESEARCH SQUARE 2024:rs.3.rs-3812442. [PMID: 38464172 PMCID: PMC10925437 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3812442/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
The primary cilium, a 1-3 μm long hair-like structure protruding from the surface of almost all cells in the vertebrate body, is critical for neuronal development and also functions in the adult. As the migratory neural crest settles into dorsal root ganglia (DRG) sensory neurons elaborate a single primary cilium at their soma that is maintained into adult stages. While it is not known if primary cilia are expressed in nociceptors, or their potential function in the mature DRG neuron, recent studies have shown a role for Hedgehog, whose signaling demonstrates a dependence on primary cilia, in nociceptor sensitization. Here we report the expression of primary cilia in rat and mouse nociceptors, where they modulate mechanical nociceptive threshold, and contribute to inflammatory and neuropathic pain. When siRNA targeting Ift88, a primary cilium-specific intraflagellar transport (IFT) protein required for ciliary integrity, was administered by intrathecal injection, in the rat, it resulted in loss of Ift88 mRNA in DRG, and primary cilia in neuronal cell bodies, which was associated with an increase in mechanical nociceptive threshold, and abrogation of hyperalgesia induced by the pronociceptive inflammatory mediator, prostaglandin E2, and painful peripheral neuropathy induced by a neurotoxic chemotherapy drug, paclitaxel. To provide further support for the role of the primary cilium in nociceptor function we also administered siRNA for another IFT protein, Ift52. Ift52 siRNA results in loss of Ift52 in DRG and abrogates paclitaxel-induced painful peripheral neuropathy. Attenuation of Hedgehog-induced hyperalgesia by Ift88 knockdown supports a role for the primary cilium in the hyperalgesia induced by Hedgehog, and attenuation of paclitaxel chemotherapy-induced neuropathy (CIPN) by cyclopamine, which attenuates Hedgehog signaling, suggests a role of Hedgehog in CIPN. Our findings support a role of nociceptor primary cilia in the control of mechanical nociceptive threshold and in inflammatory and neuropathic pain, the latter, at least in part, Hedgehog dependent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsey A. Fitzsimons
- Dept. of Biomedical Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine, University of New England, Biddeford, ME, United States
- Center for Excellence in the Neurosciences, University of New England, Biddeford, ME, United States
| | - Larissa Staurengo-Ferrari
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, UCSF Pain and Addiction Research Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, United States
| | - Oliver Bogen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, UCSF Pain and Addiction Research Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, United States
| | - Dioneia Araldi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, UCSF Pain and Addiction Research Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, United States
| | - Ivan J. M. Bonet
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, UCSF Pain and Addiction Research Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, United States
| | - Ethan E. Jordan
- Dept. of Biomedical Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine, University of New England, Biddeford, ME, United States
- Center for Excellence in the Neurosciences, University of New England, Biddeford, ME, United States
| | - Jon D. Levine
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, UCSF Pain and Addiction Research Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, United States
| | - Kerry L. Tucker
- Dept. of Biomedical Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine, University of New England, Biddeford, ME, United States
- Center for Excellence in the Neurosciences, University of New England, Biddeford, ME, United States
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25
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Hilgendorf KI, Myers BR, Reiter JF. Emerging mechanistic understanding of cilia function in cellular signalling. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2024:10.1038/s41580-023-00698-5. [PMID: 38366037 DOI: 10.1038/s41580-023-00698-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
Primary cilia are solitary, immotile sensory organelles present on most cells in the body that participate broadly in human health, physiology and disease. Cilia generate a unique environment for signal transduction with tight control of protein, lipid and second messenger concentrations within a relatively small compartment, enabling reception, transmission and integration of biological information. In this Review, we discuss how cilia function as signalling hubs in cell-cell communication using three signalling pathways as examples: ciliary G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), the Hedgehog (Hh) pathway and polycystin ion channels. We review how defects in these ciliary signalling pathways lead to a heterogeneous group of conditions known as 'ciliopathies', including metabolic syndromes, birth defects and polycystic kidney disease. Emerging understanding of these pathways' transduction mechanisms reveals common themes between these cilia-based signalling pathways that may apply to other pathways as well. These mechanistic insights reveal how cilia orchestrate normal and pathophysiological signalling outputs broadly throughout human biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keren I Hilgendorf
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
| | - Benjamin R Myers
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
| | - Jeremy F Reiter
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA, USA.
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26
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Power KM, Nguyen KC, Silva A, Singh S, Hall DH, Rongo C, Barr MM. NEKL-4 regulates microtubule stability and mitochondrial health in C. elegans ciliated neurons. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.02.14.580304. [PMID: 38405845 PMCID: PMC10888866 DOI: 10.1101/2024.02.14.580304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Ciliopathies are often caused by defects in the ciliary microtubule core. Glutamylation is abundant in cilia, and its dysregulation may contribute to ciliopathies and neurodegeneration. Mutation of the deglutamylase CCP1 causes infantile-onset neurodegeneration. In C. elegans, ccpp-1 loss causes age-related ciliary degradation that is suppressed by mutation in the conserved NEK10 homolog nekl-4. NEKL-4 is absent from cilia, yet negatively regulates ciliary stability via an unknown, glutamylation-independent mechanism. We show that NEKL-4 was mitochondria-associated. nekl-4 mutants had longer mitochondria, a higher baseline mitochondrial oxidation state, and suppressed ccpp-1 mutant lifespan extension in response to oxidative stress. A kinase-dead nekl-4(KD) mutant ectopically localized to ccpp-1 cilia and rescued degenerating microtubule doublet B-tubules. A nondegradable nekl-4(PESTΔ) mutant resembled the ccpp-1 mutant with dye filling defects and B-tubule breaks. The nekl-4(PESTΔ) Dyf phenotype was suppressed by mutation in the depolymerizing kinesin-8 KLP-13/KIF19A. We conclude that NEKL-4 influences ciliary stability by activating ciliary kinesins and promoting mitochondrial homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiden M Power
- Department of Genetics and Human Genetics Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, United States of America
| | - Ken C Nguyen
- Center for C. elegans Anatomy, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States of America
| | - Andriele Silva
- Department of Biology, Brooklyn College of the City University of New York, Brooklyn, NY, United States of America
| | - Shaneen Singh
- Department of Biology, Brooklyn College of the City University of New York, Brooklyn, NY, United States of America
| | - David H Hall
- Center for C. elegans Anatomy, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States of America
| | - Christopher Rongo
- Waksman Institute of Microbiology, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, United States of America
| | - Maureen M Barr
- Department of Genetics and Human Genetics Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, United States of America
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27
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Tessier CE, Dupuy AMM, Pelé T, Juin PP, Lees JA, Guen VJ. EMT and primary ciliogenesis: For better or worse in sickness and in health. Genesis 2024; 62:e23568. [PMID: 37946671 DOI: 10.1002/dvg.23568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and primary ciliogenesis are two cell-biological programs that are essential for development of multicellular organisms and whose abnormal regulation results in many diseases (i.e., developmental anomalies and cancers). Emerging studies suggest an intricate interplay between these two processes. Here, we discuss physiological and pathological contexts in which their interconnections promote normal development or disease progression. We describe underlying molecular mechanisms of the interplay and EMT/ciliary signaling axes that influence EMT-related processes (i.e., stemness, motility and invasion). Understanding the molecular and cellular mechanisms of the relationship between EMT and primary ciliogenesis may provide new insights in the etiology of diseases related to EMT and cilia dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille E Tessier
- Nantes Université, Inserm, CNRS, Université d'Angers, CRCI2NA, Nantes, France
| | - Aurore M M Dupuy
- Nantes Université, Inserm, CNRS, Université d'Angers, CRCI2NA, Nantes, France
| | - Thomas Pelé
- Nantes Université, Inserm, CNRS, Université d'Angers, CRCI2NA, Nantes, France
| | - Philippe P Juin
- Nantes Université, Inserm, CNRS, Université d'Angers, CRCI2NA, Nantes, France
- ICO René Gauducheau, Saint Herblain, France
| | - Jacqueline A Lees
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research @ MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Vincent J Guen
- Nantes Université, Inserm, CNRS, Université d'Angers, CRCI2NA, Nantes, France
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28
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Hamid A, Mäser P, Mahmoud AB. Drug Repurposing in the Chemotherapy of Infectious Diseases. Molecules 2024; 29:635. [PMID: 38338378 PMCID: PMC10856722 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29030635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Repurposing is a universal mechanism for innovation, from the evolution of feathers to the invention of Velcro tape. Repurposing is particularly attractive for drug development, given that it costs more than a billion dollars and takes longer than ten years to make a new drug from scratch. The COVID-19 pandemic has triggered a large number of drug repurposing activities. At the same time, it has highlighted potential pitfalls, in particular when concessions are made to the target product profile. Here, we discuss the pros and cons of drug repurposing for infectious diseases and analyze different ways of repurposing. We distinguish between opportunistic and rational approaches, i.e., just saving time and money by screening compounds that are already approved versus repurposing based on a particular target that is common to different pathogens. The latter can be further distinguished into divergent and convergent: points of attack that are divergent share common ancestry (e.g., prokaryotic targets in the apicoplast of malaria parasites), whereas those that are convergent arise from a shared lifestyle (e.g., the susceptibility of bacteria, parasites, and tumor cells to antifolates due to their high rate of DNA synthesis). We illustrate how such different scenarios can be capitalized on by using examples of drugs that have been repurposed to, from, or within the field of anti-infective chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amal Hamid
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Khartoum, Khartoum 11111, Sudan;
| | - Pascal Mäser
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Infection Biology, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Allschwil, 4123 Basel, Switzerland
- Faculty of Science, University of Basel, 4001 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Abdelhalim Babiker Mahmoud
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Khartoum, Khartoum 11111, Sudan;
- Department of Microbial Natural Products, Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland, 66123 Saarbruecken, Germany
- Department of Microbial Drugs, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
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29
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Subbiah A, Caswell DL, Turner K, Jaiswal A, Avidor-Reiss T. CP110 and CEP135 Localize Near the Proximal Centriolar Remnants of Mice Spermatozoa. MICROPUBLICATION BIOLOGY 2024; 2024:10.17912/micropub.biology.001083. [PMID: 38351906 PMCID: PMC10862134 DOI: 10.17912/micropub.biology.001083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Centrioles form centrosomes that organize microtubules, assist in cell structure, and nucleate cilia that provide motility and sensation. Within the sperm, the centrosome consists of two centrioles (proximal and distal centriole) and a pericentriolar material known as the striated column and capitulum. The distal centriole nucleates the flagellum. Mice spermatozoa, unlike other mammal spermatozoa (e.g., human and bovine), have no ultra-structurally recognizable centrioles, but their neck has the centriolar proteins POC1B and FAM161A, suggesting mice spermatozoa have remnant centrioles. Here, we examine whether other centriolar proteins, CP110 and CEP135, found in the human and bovine spermatozoa centrioles are also found in the mouse spermatozoa neck. CP110 is a tip protein controlling ciliogenesis, and CEP135 is a centriole-specific structural protein in the centriole base of canonical centrioles found in most cell types. Here, we report that CP110 and CEP135 were both located in the mice spermatozoa neck around the proximal centriolar remnants labeled by POC1B, increasing the number of centriolar proteins found in the mice spermatozoa neck, further supporting the hypothesis that a remnant proximal centriole is present in mice.
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Guo H, Lan M, Zhang Q, Liu Y, Zhang Y, Zhang Q, Chen W. [Piezo1 Mediates the Regulation of Substrate Stiffness on Primary Cilia in Chondrocytes]. SICHUAN DA XUE XUE BAO. YI XUE BAN = JOURNAL OF SICHUAN UNIVERSITY. MEDICAL SCIENCE EDITION 2024; 55:67-73. [PMID: 38322536 PMCID: PMC10839480 DOI: 10.12182/20240160502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
Objective To investigate how substrate stiffness regulates the morphology of primary cilia in chondrocytes and to illustrate how Piezo1 mediates the morphology regulation of primary cilia by substrate stiffness. Methods Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) curing agent and the main agent (Dow Corning, Beijing, China) were mixed at the ratio of 1∶10 (stiff), 1∶50 (medium stiffness), and 1∶70 (soft), respectively, to prepare substrate films with the thickness of 1 mm at different levels of stiffness, including stiff substrate of (2.21±0.12) MPa, medium-stiffness substrate of (54.47±6.06) kPa, and soft substrate of (2.13±0.10) kPa. Chondrocytes were cultured with the substrates of three different levels of stiffness. Then, the cells were treated with Tubastatin A (Tub A) to inhibit histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6), Piezo1 activator Yoda1, and inhibitor GsMTx4, respectively. The effects of HDAC6, Yoda1, and GsMTx4 on chondrocyte morphology and the length of primary cilia were analyzed through immunofluorescence staining. Results The stiff substrate increased the spread area of the chondrocytes. Immunofluorescence assays showed that the cytoskeleton and the nuclear area of the cells on the stiff substrate were significantly increased (P<0.05) and the primary cilia were significantly extended (P<0.05) compared with those on the medium-stiffness and soft substrates. However, the presence rate of primary cilia was not affected. The HDAC6 activity of chondrocytes increased with the decrease in substrate stiffness. When the activity of HDAC6 was inhibited, the cytoskeletal area, the nuclei area, and the primary cilium length were increased more significantly on the stiff substrate (P<0.05). Further testing showed that Piezo1 activator and inhibitor could regulate the activity of HDAC6 in chondrocytes, and that the length of primary cilia was significantly increased after treatment with the activator Yoda1 (P<0.05). On the other hand, the length of primary cilia was significantly shortened on the stiff substrate after treatment with the inhibitor GsMTx4 (P<0.05). Conclusion Both substrate stiffness and Piezo1 may affect the morphology of chondrocyte primary cilia by regulating HDAC6 activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaqing Guo
- ( 030024) College of Biomedical Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
| | - Minhua Lan
- ( 030024) College of Biomedical Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- ( 030024) College of Biomedical Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
| | - Yanli Liu
- ( 030024) College of Biomedical Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
| | - Yanjun Zhang
- ( 030024) College of Biomedical Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
- ( 030009) Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Bone and Soft Tissue Injury Repair, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030009, China
| | - Quanyou Zhang
- ( 030024) College of Biomedical Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
- ( 030009) Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Bone and Soft Tissue Injury Repair, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030009, China
| | - Weiyi Chen
- ( 030024) College of Biomedical Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
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Li L, Ran J. Regulation of ciliary homeostasis by intraflagellar transport-independent kinesins. Cell Death Dis 2024; 15:47. [PMID: 38218748 PMCID: PMC10787775 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-024-06428-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
Cilia are highly conserved eukaryotic organelles that protrude from the cell surface and are involved in sensory perception, motility, and signaling. Their proper assembly and function rely on the bidirectional intraflagellar transport (IFT) system, which involves motor proteins, including antegrade kinesins and retrograde dynein. Although the role of IFT-mediated transport in cilia has been extensively studied, recent research has highlighted the contribution of IFT-independent kinesins in ciliary processes. The coordinated activities and interplay between IFT kinesins and IFT-independent kinesins are crucial for maintaining ciliary homeostasis. In this comprehensive review, we aim to delve into the specific contributions and mechanisms of action of the IFT-independent kinesins in cilia. By shedding light on their involvement, we hope to gain a more holistic perspective on ciliogenesis and ciliopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Li
- Center for Cell Structure and Function, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Jie Ran
- Center for Cell Structure and Function, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, China.
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Kim SE, Kim HY, Wlodarczyk BJ, Finnell RH. The novel linkage between Fuz and Gpr161 genes regulates sonic hedgehog signaling during mouse embryonic development. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.01.11.575263. [PMID: 38260275 PMCID: PMC10802560 DOI: 10.1101/2024.01.11.575263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Sonic hedgehog (Shh) signaling regulates embryonic morphogenesis utilizing primary cilia, the cell antenna acting as a signaling hub. Fuz, an effector of planar cell polarity (PCP) signaling, involves Shh signaling via cilia formation, while the G protein-coupled receptor 161 (Gpr161) is a negative regulator of Shh signaling. The range of phenotypic malformations observed in mice bearing mutations in either of these two genes is similar; however, their functional relations have not been previously explored. This study identified the genetic and biochemical link between Fuz and Gpr161 in mouse embryonic development. Fuz was genetically epistatic to Gpr161 via Shh signaling during mouse embryonic development. The FUZ biochemically interacted with GPR161, and Fuz regulated Gpr161 ciliary trafficking via β-arrestin2. Our study suggested the novel Gpr161-Fuz axis that regulates Shh signaling during mouse embryonic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Eun Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Dell Pediatric Research Institute, The University of Texas at Austin/Dell Medical School, Austin, TX, 78723, USA
| | | | - Bogdan J. Wlodarczyk
- Departments of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Molecular and Human Genetics, and Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Richard H. Finnell
- Department of Pediatrics, Dell Pediatric Research Institute, The University of Texas at Austin/Dell Medical School, Austin, TX, 78723, USA
- Departments of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Molecular and Human Genetics, and Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
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Shaikh Qureshi WM, Hentges KE. Functions of cilia in cardiac development and disease. Ann Hum Genet 2024; 88:4-26. [PMID: 37872827 PMCID: PMC10952336 DOI: 10.1111/ahg.12534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
Errors in embryonic cardiac development are a leading cause of congenital heart defects (CHDs), including morphological abnormalities of the heart that are often detected after birth. In the past few decades, an emerging role for cilia in the pathogenesis of CHD has been identified, but this topic still largely remains an unexplored area. Mouse forward genetic screens and whole exome sequencing analysis of CHD patients have identified enrichment for de novo mutations in ciliary genes or non-ciliary genes, which regulate cilia-related pathways, linking cilia function to aberrant cardiac development. Key events in cardiac morphogenesis, including left-right asymmetric development of the heart, are dependent upon cilia function. Cilia dysfunction during left-right axis formation contributes to CHD as evidenced by the substantial proportion of heterotaxy patients displaying complex CHD. Cilia-transduced signaling also regulates later events during heart development such as cardiac valve formation, outflow tract septation, ventricle development, and atrioventricular septa formation. In this review, we summarize the role of motile and non-motile (primary cilia) in cardiac asymmetry establishment and later events during heart development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wasay Mohiuddin Shaikh Qureshi
- Division of Evolution, Infection and Genomics, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine, and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science CentreUniversity of ManchesterManchesterUK
| | - Kathryn E. Hentges
- Division of Evolution, Infection and Genomics, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine, and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science CentreUniversity of ManchesterManchesterUK
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Fitzsimons LA, Staurengo-Ferrari L, Bogen O, Araldi D, Bonet IJM, Jordan EE, Levine JD, Tucker KL. The Primary Cilium and its Hedgehog Signaling in Nociceptors Contribute to Inflammatory and Neuropathic Pain. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.12.27.573420. [PMID: 38234719 PMCID: PMC10793418 DOI: 10.1101/2023.12.27.573420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
The primary cilium, a 1-3 μm long hair-like structure protruding from the surface of almost all cells in the vertebrate body, is critical for neuronal development and also functions in the adult. As the migratory neural crest settles into dorsal root ganglia (DRG) sensory neurons elaborate a single primary cilium at their soma that is maintained into adult stages. While it is not known if primary cilia are expressed in nociceptors, or their potential function in the mature DRG neuron, recent studies have shown a role for Hedgehog, whose signaling demonstrates a dependence on primary cilia, in nociceptor sensitization. Here we report the expression of primary cilia in rat and mouse nociceptors, where they modulate mechanical nociceptive threshold, and contribute to inflammatory and neuropathic pain. When siRNA targeting Ift88 , a primary cilium-specific intra-flagellar transport (IFT) protein required for ciliary integrity, was administered by intrathecal injection, in the rat, it resulted in loss of Ift88 mRNA in DRG, and primary cilia in neuronal cell bodies, which was associated with an increase in mechanical nociceptive threshold, and abrogation of hyperalgesia induced by the pronociceptive inflammatory mediator, prostaglandin E 2 , and painful peripheral neuropathy induced by a neurotoxic chemotherapy drug, paclitaxel. To provide further support for the role of the primary cilium in nociceptor function we also administered siRNA for another IFT protein, Ift 52. Ift 52 siRNA results in loss of Ift 52 in DRG and abrogates paclitaxel-induced painful peripheral neuropathy. Attenuation of Hedgehog-induced hyperalgesia by Ift88 knockdown supports a role for the primary cilium in the hyperalgesia induced by Hedgehog, and attenuation of paclitaxel chemotherapy-induced neuropathy (CIPN) by cyclopamine, which attenuates Hedgehog signaling, suggests a role of Hedgehog in CIPN. Our findings support a role of nociceptor primary cilia in the control of mechanical nociceptive threshold and in inflammatory and neuropathic pain, the latter, at least in part, Hedgehog dependent.
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Walczak-Sztulpa J, Wawrocka A, Kuszel Ł, Pietras P, Leśniczak-Staszak M, Andrusiewicz M, Krawczyński MR, Latos-Bieleńska A, Pawlak M, Grenda R, Materna-Kiryluk A, Oud MM, Szaflarski W. Ciliary phenotyping in renal epithelial cells in a cranioectodermal dysplasia patient with WDR35 variants. Front Mol Biosci 2023; 10:1285790. [PMID: 38161384 PMCID: PMC10756907 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2023.1285790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Cranioectodermal dysplasia (CED) is a skeletal autosomal recessive ciliopathy. The characteristic clinical features of CED are facial dysmorphisms, short limbs, narrow thorax, brachydactyly, ectodermal abnormalities, and renal insufficiency. Thus far, variants in six genes are known to be associated with this disorder: WDR35, IFT122, IFT140, IFT144, IFT52, and IFT43. Objective: The goal of this study was to perform cilium phenotyping in human urine-derived renal epithelial cells (hURECs) from a CED patient diagnosed with second-stage chronic kidney disease (CKD) and three unrelated and unaffected pediatric controls. Methods: Genetic analysis by WDR35 screening was performed in the affected individual. Cilium frequency and morphology, including cilium length, height, and width, were evaluated by immunofluorescence (IF) experiments in hURECs using two markers visualizing the ciliary axoneme (Acet-Tub and ARL13B) and the base of the cilium (PCNT). The IF results were analyzed using a confocal microscope and IMARIS software. Results: WDR35 analysis revealed the presence of a known nonsense p. (Leu641*) variant and a novel missense variant p. (Ala1027Thr). Moreover, comparative genomic hybridization analysis showed that the patient carries a microdeletion on chromosome 7q31.1. Ciliary phenotyping performed on hURECs showed morphological differences in the patient's cilia as compared to the three controls. The cilia of the CED patient were significantly wider and longer. Conclusion: The obtained results suggest that CED-related second-stage CKD might be associated with cilia abnormalities, as identified in renal epithelial cells from a CED patient harboring variants in WDR35. This study points out the added value of hURECs in functional testing for ciliopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anna Wawrocka
- Department of Medical Genetics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Łukasz Kuszel
- Department of Medical Genetics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Paulina Pietras
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Marta Leśniczak-Staszak
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | | | - Maciej R. Krawczyński
- Department of Medical Genetics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Anna Latos-Bieleńska
- Department of Medical Genetics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Marta Pawlak
- Department of Ophthalmology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Ryszard Grenda
- Department of Nephrology, Kidney Transplantation, and Hypertension, The Children’s Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Materna-Kiryluk
- Department of Medical Genetics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Machteld M. Oud
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Witold Szaflarski
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
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Ott CM, Constable S, Nguyen TM, White K, Lee WCA, Lippincott-Schwartz J, Mukhopadhyay S. Permanent deconstruction of intracellular primary cilia in differentiating granule cell neurons. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.12.07.565988. [PMID: 38106104 PMCID: PMC10723395 DOI: 10.1101/2023.12.07.565988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Primary cilia on granule cell neuron progenitors in the developing cerebellum detect sonic hedgehog to facilitate proliferation. Following differentiation, cerebellar granule cells become the most abundant neuronal cell type in the brain. While essential during early developmental stages, the fate of granule cell cilia is unknown. Here, we provide nanoscopic resolution of ciliary dynamics in situ by studying developmental changes in granule cell cilia using large-scale electron microscopy volumes and immunostaining of mouse cerebella. We found that many granule cell primary cilia were intracellular and concealed from the external environment. Cilia were disassembed in differentiating granule cell neurons in a process we call cilia deconstruction that was distinct from pre-mitotic cilia resorption in proliferating progenitors. In differentiating granule cells, ciliary loss involved unique disassembly intermediates, and, as maturation progressed, mother centriolar docking at the plasma membrane. Cilia did not reform from the docked centrioles, rather, in adult mice granule cell neurons remained unciliated. Many neurons in other brain regions require cilia to regulate function and connectivity. In contrast, our results show that granule cell progenitors had concealed cilia that underwent deconstruction potentially to prevent mitogenic hedgehog responsiveness. The ciliary deconstruction mechanism we describe could be paradigmatic of cilia removal during differentiation in other tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolyn M. Ott
- Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, VA 20147, USA
| | - Sandii Constable
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Tri M. Nguyen
- Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Current affiliation, Zetta AI LLC, USA
| | - Kevin White
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Wei-Chung Allen Lee
- Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- F. M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Saikat Mukhopadhyay
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
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Aljiboury A, Hehnly H. The centrosome - diverse functions in fertilization and development across species. J Cell Sci 2023; 136:jcs261387. [PMID: 38038054 PMCID: PMC10730021 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.261387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The centrosome is a non-membrane-bound organelle that is conserved across most animal cells and serves various functions throughout the cell cycle. In dividing cells, the centrosome is known as the spindle pole and nucleates a robust microtubule spindle to separate genetic material equally into two daughter cells. In non-dividing cells, the mother centriole, a substructure of the centrosome, matures into a basal body and nucleates cilia, which acts as a signal-transducing antenna. The functions of centrosomes and their substructures are important for embryonic development and have been studied extensively using in vitro mammalian cell culture or in vivo using invertebrate models. However, there are considerable differences in the composition and functions of centrosomes during different aspects of vertebrate development, and these are less studied. In this Review, we discuss the roles played by centrosomes, highlighting conserved and divergent features across species, particularly during fertilization and embryonic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abrar Aljiboury
- Syracuse University, Department of Biology, 107 College Place, Syracuse, NY 13244, USA
- Syracuse University, BioInspired Institute, Syracuse, NY 13244, USA
| | - Heidi Hehnly
- Syracuse University, Department of Biology, 107 College Place, Syracuse, NY 13244, USA
- Syracuse University, BioInspired Institute, Syracuse, NY 13244, USA
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Gopalakrishnan J, Feistel K, Friedrich BM, Grapin‐Botton A, Jurisch‐Yaksi N, Mass E, Mick DU, Müller R, May‐Simera H, Schermer B, Schmidts M, Walentek P, Wachten D. Emerging principles of primary cilia dynamics in controlling tissue organization and function. EMBO J 2023; 42:e113891. [PMID: 37743763 PMCID: PMC10620770 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2023113891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Primary cilia project from the surface of most vertebrate cells and are key in sensing extracellular signals and locally transducing this information into a cellular response. Recent findings show that primary cilia are not merely static organelles with a distinct lipid and protein composition. Instead, the function of primary cilia relies on the dynamic composition of molecules within the cilium, the context-dependent sensing and processing of extracellular stimuli, and cycles of assembly and disassembly in a cell- and tissue-specific manner. Thereby, primary cilia dynamically integrate different cellular inputs and control cell fate and function during tissue development. Here, we review the recently emerging concept of primary cilia dynamics in tissue development, organization, remodeling, and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jay Gopalakrishnan
- Institute for Human Genetics, Heinrich‐Heine‐UniversitätUniversitätsklinikum DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany
| | - Kerstin Feistel
- Department of Zoology, Institute of BiologyUniversity of HohenheimStuttgartGermany
| | | | - Anne Grapin‐Botton
- Cluster of Excellence Physics of Life, TU DresdenDresdenGermany
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and GeneticsDresdenGermany
- Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden of the Helmholtz Center Munich at The University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus and Faculty of Medicine of the TU DresdenDresdenGermany
| | - Nathalie Jurisch‐Yaksi
- Department of Clinical and Molecular MedicineNorwegian University of Science and TechnologyTrondheimNorway
| | - Elvira Mass
- Life and Medical Sciences Institute, Developmental Biology of the Immune SystemUniversity of BonnBonnGermany
| | - David U Mick
- Center for Molecular Signaling (PZMS), Center of Human and Molecular Biology (ZHMB)Saarland School of MedicineHomburgGermany
| | - Roman‐Ulrich Müller
- Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital CologneUniversity of CologneCologneGermany
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging‐Associated Diseases (CECAD), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital CologneUniversity of CologneCologneGermany
| | - Helen May‐Simera
- Institute of Molecular PhysiologyJohannes Gutenberg‐UniversityMainzGermany
| | - Bernhard Schermer
- Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital CologneUniversity of CologneCologneGermany
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging‐Associated Diseases (CECAD), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital CologneUniversity of CologneCologneGermany
| | - Miriam Schmidts
- Pediatric Genetics Division, Center for Pediatrics and Adolescent MedicineUniversity Hospital FreiburgFreiburgGermany
- CIBSS‐Centre for Integrative Biological Signalling StudiesUniversity of FreiburgFreiburgGermany
| | - Peter Walentek
- CIBSS‐Centre for Integrative Biological Signalling StudiesUniversity of FreiburgFreiburgGermany
- Renal Division, Internal Medicine IV, Medical CenterUniversity of FreiburgFreiburgGermany
| | - Dagmar Wachten
- Institute of Innate Immunity, Biophysical Imaging, Medical FacultyUniversity of BonnBonnGermany
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Jühlen R, Fahrenkrog B. From the sideline: Tissue-specific nucleoporin function in health and disease, an update. FEBS Lett 2023; 597:2750-2768. [PMID: 37873737 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
The subcellular compartmentalisation of eukaryotic cells requires selective exchange between the cytoplasm and the nucleus. Intact nucleocytoplasmic transport is vital for normal cell function and mutations in the executing machinery have been causally linked to human disease. Central players in nucleocytoplasmic exchange are nuclear pore complexes (NPCs), which are built from ~30 distinct proteins collectively termed nucleoporins. Aberrant nucleoporin expression was detected in human cancers and autoimmune diseases since quite some time, while it was through the increasing use of next generation sequencing that mutations in nucleoporin genes associated with mainly rare hereditary diseases were revealed. The number of newly identified mutations is steadily increasing, as is the number of diseases. Mutational hotspots have emerged: mutations in the scaffold nucleoporins seemingly affect primarily inner organs, such as heart, kidney, and ovaries, whereas genetic alterations in peripheral, cytoplasmic nucleoporins affect primarily the central nervous system and development. In this review, we summarise latest insights on altered nucleoporin function in the context of human hereditary disorders, with a focus on those where mechanistic insights are beginning to emerge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramona Jühlen
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Medical School, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
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40
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Murillo-Pineda M, Coto-Cid JM, Romero M, Zorrilla JG, Chinchilla N, Medina-Calzada Z, Varela RM, Juárez-Soto Á, Macías FA, Reales E. Effects of Sesquiterpene Lactones on Primary Cilia Formation (Ciliogenesis). Toxins (Basel) 2023; 15:632. [PMID: 37999495 PMCID: PMC10675014 DOI: 10.3390/toxins15110632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Sesquiterpene lactones (SLs), plant-derived metabolites with broad spectra of biological effects, including anti-tumor and anti-inflammatory, hold promise for drug development. Primary cilia, organelles extending from cell surfaces, are crucial for sensing and transducing extracellular signals essential for cell differentiation and proliferation. Their life cycle is linked to the cell cycle, as cilia assemble in non-dividing cells of G0/G1 phases and disassemble before entering mitosis. Abnormalities in both primary cilia (non-motile cilia) and motile cilia structure or function are associated with developmental disorders (ciliopathies), heart disease, and cancer. However, the impact of SLs on primary cilia remains unknown. This study evaluated the effects of selected SLs (grosheimin, costunolide, and three cyclocostunolides) on primary cilia biogenesis and stability in human retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells. Confocal fluorescence microscopy was employed to analyze the effects on primary cilia formation (ciliogenesis), primary cilia length, and stability. The effects on cell proliferation were evaluated by flow cytometry. All SLs disrupted primary cilia formation in the early stages of ciliogenesis, irrespective of starvation conditions or cytochalasin-D treatment, with no effect on cilia length or cell cycle progression. Interestingly, grosheimin stabilized and promoted primary cilia formation under cilia homeostasis and elongation treatment conditions. Thus, SLs have potential as novel drugs for ciliopathies and tumor treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Murillo-Pineda
- Research Unit, Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cádiz (INiBICA), Department of Urology, University Hospital of Jerez de la Frontera, 11407 Jerez, Spain; (M.M.-P.); (M.R.); (Z.M.-C.); (Á.J.-S.)
| | - Juan M. Coto-Cid
- Allelopathy Group, Department of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Biomolecules (INBIO), School of Science, University of Cadiz, Campus de Excelencia Internacional (ceiA3), 11510 Puerto Real, Spain; (J.M.C.-C.); (J.G.Z.); (N.C.); (R.M.V.)
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Seville, 41012 Seville, Spain
| | - María Romero
- Research Unit, Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cádiz (INiBICA), Department of Urology, University Hospital of Jerez de la Frontera, 11407 Jerez, Spain; (M.M.-P.); (M.R.); (Z.M.-C.); (Á.J.-S.)
| | - Jesús G. Zorrilla
- Allelopathy Group, Department of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Biomolecules (INBIO), School of Science, University of Cadiz, Campus de Excelencia Internacional (ceiA3), 11510 Puerto Real, Spain; (J.M.C.-C.); (J.G.Z.); (N.C.); (R.M.V.)
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo, Via Cinthia 4, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Nuria Chinchilla
- Allelopathy Group, Department of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Biomolecules (INBIO), School of Science, University of Cadiz, Campus de Excelencia Internacional (ceiA3), 11510 Puerto Real, Spain; (J.M.C.-C.); (J.G.Z.); (N.C.); (R.M.V.)
| | - Zahara Medina-Calzada
- Research Unit, Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cádiz (INiBICA), Department of Urology, University Hospital of Jerez de la Frontera, 11407 Jerez, Spain; (M.M.-P.); (M.R.); (Z.M.-C.); (Á.J.-S.)
| | - Rosa M. Varela
- Allelopathy Group, Department of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Biomolecules (INBIO), School of Science, University of Cadiz, Campus de Excelencia Internacional (ceiA3), 11510 Puerto Real, Spain; (J.M.C.-C.); (J.G.Z.); (N.C.); (R.M.V.)
| | - Álvaro Juárez-Soto
- Research Unit, Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cádiz (INiBICA), Department of Urology, University Hospital of Jerez de la Frontera, 11407 Jerez, Spain; (M.M.-P.); (M.R.); (Z.M.-C.); (Á.J.-S.)
| | - Francisco A. Macías
- Allelopathy Group, Department of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Biomolecules (INBIO), School of Science, University of Cadiz, Campus de Excelencia Internacional (ceiA3), 11510 Puerto Real, Spain; (J.M.C.-C.); (J.G.Z.); (N.C.); (R.M.V.)
| | - Elena Reales
- Research Unit, Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cádiz (INiBICA), Department of Urology, University Hospital of Jerez de la Frontera, 11407 Jerez, Spain; (M.M.-P.); (M.R.); (Z.M.-C.); (Á.J.-S.)
- Allelopathy Group, Department of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Biomolecules (INBIO), School of Science, University of Cadiz, Campus de Excelencia Internacional (ceiA3), 11510 Puerto Real, Spain; (J.M.C.-C.); (J.G.Z.); (N.C.); (R.M.V.)
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Fassad MR, Rumman N, Junger K, Patel MP, Thompson J, Goggin P, Ueffing M, Beyer T, Boldt K, Lucas JS, Mitchison HM. Defective airway intraflagellar transport underlies a combined motile and primary ciliopathy syndrome caused by IFT74 mutations. Hum Mol Genet 2023; 32:3090-3104. [PMID: 37555648 PMCID: PMC10586200 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddad132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Ciliopathies are inherited disorders caused by defective cilia. Mutations affecting motile cilia usually cause the chronic muco-obstructive sinopulmonary disease primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) and are associated with laterality defects, while a broad spectrum of early developmental as well as degenerative syndromes arise from mutations affecting signalling of primary (non-motile) cilia. Cilia assembly and functioning requires intraflagellar transport (IFT) of cargos assisted by IFT-B and IFT-A adaptor complexes. Within IFT-B, the N-termini of partner proteins IFT74 and IFT81 govern tubulin transport to build the ciliary microtubular cytoskeleton. We detected a homozygous 3-kb intragenic IFT74 deletion removing the exon 2 initiation codon and 40 N-terminal amino acids in two affected siblings. Both had clinical features of PCD with bronchiectasis, but no laterality defects. They also had retinal dysplasia and abnormal bone growth, with a narrowed thorax and short ribs, shortened long bones and digits, and abnormal skull shape. This resembles short-rib thoracic dysplasia, a skeletal ciliopathy previously linked to IFT defects in primary cilia, not motile cilia. Ciliated nasal epithelial cells collected from affected individuals had reduced numbers of shortened motile cilia with disarranged microtubules, some misorientation of the basal feet, and disrupted cilia structural and IFT protein distributions. No full-length IFT74 was expressed, only truncated forms that were consistent with N-terminal deletion and inframe translation from downstream initiation codons. In affinity purification mass spectrometry, exon 2-deleted IFT74 initiated from the nearest inframe downstream methionine 41 still interacts as part of the IFT-B complex, but only with reduced interaction levels and not with all its usual IFT-B partners. We propose that this is a hypomorphic mutation with some residual protein function retained, which gives rise to a primary skeletal ciliopathy combined with defective motile cilia and PCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud R Fassad
- Genetics and Genomic Medicine Research and Teaching Department, University College London, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, 30 Guilford Street, London WC1N 1EH, United Kingdom
- Department of Human Genetics, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, 22 El-Guish Road, El-Shatby, Alexandria 21526, Egypt
| | - Nisreen Rumman
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Makassed Hospital and Al-Quds University, East Jerusalem 91220, Palestine
- Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, 300 Cedar St #441, New Haven, CT 06520, United States
| | - Katrin Junger
- Institute for Ophthalmic Research, Eberhard Karl University of Tübingen, Elfreide-Alhorn-Strasse 5-7, Tübingen 72076, Germany
| | - Mitali P Patel
- Genetics and Genomic Medicine Research and Teaching Department, University College London, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, 30 Guilford Street, London WC1N 1EH, United Kingdom
- MRC Prion Unit at UCL, Institute of Prion Diseases, University College London, 33 Cleveland Street, London W1W 7FF, United Kingdom
| | - James Thompson
- Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia Centre, NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton SO16 6YD, United Kingdom
- School of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, University Road, Southampton SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom
- Biomedical Imaging Unit, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, University Road, Southampton SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom
| | - Patricia Goggin
- Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia Centre, NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton SO16 6YD, United Kingdom
- Biomedical Imaging Unit, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, University Road, Southampton SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom
| | - Marius Ueffing
- Institute for Ophthalmic Research, Eberhard Karl University of Tübingen, Elfreide-Alhorn-Strasse 5-7, Tübingen 72076, Germany
| | - Tina Beyer
- Institute for Ophthalmic Research, Eberhard Karl University of Tübingen, Elfreide-Alhorn-Strasse 5-7, Tübingen 72076, Germany
| | - Karsten Boldt
- Institute for Ophthalmic Research, Eberhard Karl University of Tübingen, Elfreide-Alhorn-Strasse 5-7, Tübingen 72076, Germany
| | - Jane S Lucas
- Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia Centre, NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton SO16 6YD, United Kingdom
- School of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, University Road, Southampton SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom
| | - Hannah M Mitchison
- Genetics and Genomic Medicine Research and Teaching Department, University College London, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, 30 Guilford Street, London WC1N 1EH, United Kingdom
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Zhang T, Cui S, Xiong X, Liu Y, Cao Q, Xia XG, Zhou H. PIH1D3-knockout rats exhibit full ciliopathy features and dysfunctional pre-assembly and loading of dynein arms in motile cilia. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1282787. [PMID: 37900281 PMCID: PMC10601634 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1282787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Recessive mutation of the X-linked gene, PIH1 domain-containing protein 3 (PIH1D3), causes familial ciliopathy. PIH1D3 deficiency is associated with the defects of dynein arms in cilia, but how PIH1D3 specifically affects the structure and function of dynein arms is not understood yet. To gain insights into the underlying mechanisms of the disease, it is crucial to create a reliable animal model. In humans, rats, and mice, one copy of the PIH1D3 gene is located on the X chromosome. Interestingly, mice have an additional, intronless copy of the Pih1d3 gene on chromosome 1. To develop an accurate disease model, it is best to manipulate the X-linked PIH1D3 gene, which contains essential regulatory sequences within the introns for precise gene expression. This study aimed to develop a tailored rat model for PIH1D3-associated ciliopathy with the ultimate goal of uncovering the intricate molecular mechanisms responsible for ciliary defects in the disease. Methods: Novel Pih1d3-knockout (KO) rats were created by using TALEN-mediated non-homologous DNA recombination within fertilized rat eggs and, subsequently, underwent a comprehensive characterization through a battery of behavioral and pathological assays. A series of biochemical and histological analyses were conducted to elucidate the identity of protein partners that interact with PIH1D3, thus shedding light on the intricate molecular mechanisms involved in this context. Results: PIH1D3-KO rats reproduced the cardinal features of ciliopathy including situs inversus, defects in spermatocyte survival and mucociliary clearance, and perinatal hydrocephalus. We revealed the novel function of PIH1D3 in cerebrospinal fluid circulation and elucidated the mechanism by which PIH1D3 deficiency caused communicating hydrocephalus. PIH1D3 interacted with the proteins required for the pre-assembly and uploading of outer (ODA) and inner dynein arms (IDA), regulating the integrity of dynein arm structure and function in cilia. Conclusion: PIH1D3-KO rats faithfully reproduced the cardinal features of ciliopathy associated with PIH1D3 deficiency. PIH1D3 interacted with the proteins responsible for the pre-assembly and uploading of dynein arms in cilia, and its deficiency led to dysfunctional cilia and, thus, to ciliopathy by affecting the pre-assembly and uploading of dynein arms. The resultant rat model is a valuable tool for the mechanistic study of PIH1D3-caused diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Zhang
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Robert Stempel College of Public Health and Social Work, Florida International University, Miami, FL, United States
- The Center for Translational Sciences, Port St Lucie, FL, United States
| | - Shiquan Cui
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Robert Stempel College of Public Health and Social Work, Florida International University, Miami, FL, United States
- The Center for Translational Sciences, Port St Lucie, FL, United States
| | - Xinrui Xiong
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Robert Stempel College of Public Health and Social Work, Florida International University, Miami, FL, United States
- The Center for Translational Sciences, Port St Lucie, FL, United States
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Robert Stempel College of Public Health and Social Work, Florida International University, Miami, FL, United States
- The Center for Translational Sciences, Port St Lucie, FL, United States
| | - Qilin Cao
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Robert Stempel College of Public Health and Social Work, Florida International University, Miami, FL, United States
- The Center for Translational Sciences, Port St Lucie, FL, United States
| | - Xu-Gang Xia
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Robert Stempel College of Public Health and Social Work, Florida International University, Miami, FL, United States
- The Center for Translational Sciences, Port St Lucie, FL, United States
| | - Hongxia Zhou
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Robert Stempel College of Public Health and Social Work, Florida International University, Miami, FL, United States
- The Center for Translational Sciences, Port St Lucie, FL, United States
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Kerschensteiner D. Losing, preserving, and restoring vision from neurodegeneration in the eye. Curr Biol 2023; 33:R1019-R1036. [PMID: 37816323 PMCID: PMC10575673 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2023.08.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/12/2023]
Abstract
The retina is a part of the brain that sits at the back of the eye, looking out onto the world. The first neurons of the retina are the rod and cone photoreceptors, which convert changes in photon flux into electrical signals that are the basis of vision. Rods and cones are frequent targets of heritable neurodegenerative diseases that cause visual impairment, including blindness, in millions of people worldwide. This review summarizes the diverse genetic causes of inherited retinal degenerations (IRDs) and their convergence onto common pathogenic mechanisms of vision loss. Currently, there are few effective treatments for IRDs, but recent advances in disparate areas of biology and technology (e.g., genome editing, viral engineering, 3D organoids, optogenetics, semiconductor arrays) discussed here enable promising efforts to preserve and restore vision in IRD patients with implications for neurodegeneration in less approachable brain areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Kerschensteiner
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
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Masek M, Bachmann-Gagescu R. Control of protein and lipid composition of photoreceptor outer segments-Implications for retinal disease. Curr Top Dev Biol 2023; 155:165-225. [PMID: 38043951 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ctdb.2023.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Vision is arguably our most important sense, and its loss brings substantial limitations to daily life for affected individuals. Light is perceived in retinal photoreceptors (PRs), which are highly specialized neurons subdivided into several compartments with distinct functions. The outer segments (OSs) of photoreceptors represent highly specialized primary ciliary compartments hosting the phototransduction cascade, which transforms incoming light into a neuronal signal. Retinal disease can result from various pathomechanisms originating in distinct subcompartments of the PR cell, or in the retinal pigment epithelium which supports the PRs. Dysfunction of primary cilia causes human disorders known as "ciliopathies", in which retinal disease is a common feature. This chapter focuses on PR OSs, discussing the mechanisms controlling their complex structure and composition. A sequence of tightly regulated sorting and trafficking events, both upstream of and within this ciliary compartment, ensures the establishment and maintenance of the adequate proteome and lipidome required for signaling in response to light. We discuss in particular our current understanding of the role of ciliopathy proteins involved in multi-protein complexes at the ciliary transition zone (CC2D2A) or BBSome (BBS1) and how their dysfunction causes retinal disease. While the loss of CC2D2A prevents the fusion of vesicles and delivery of the photopigment rhodopsin to the ciliary base, leading to early OS ultrastructural defects, BBS1 deficiency results in precocious accumulation of cholesterol in mutant OSs and decreased visual function preceding morphological changes. These distinct pathomechanisms underscore the central role of ciliary proteins involved in multiple processes controlling OS protein and lipid composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Masek
- Institute of Medical Genetics, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Department of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ruxandra Bachmann-Gagescu
- Institute of Medical Genetics, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Department of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; University Research Priority Program AdaBD, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
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45
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Waddell SH, Yao Y, Olaizola P, Walker A, Jarman EJ, Gournopanos K, Gradinaru A, Christodoulou E, Gautier P, Boerrigter MM, Cadamuro M, Fabris L, Drenth JPH, Kendall TJ, Banales JM, Khamseh A, Mill P, Boulter L. A TGFβ-ECM-integrin signaling axis drives structural reconfiguration of the bile duct to promote polycystic liver disease. Sci Transl Med 2023; 15:eabq5930. [PMID: 37703354 PMCID: PMC7615241 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abq5930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
The formation of multiple cysts in the liver occurs in a number of isolated monogenic diseases or multisystemic syndromes, during which bile ducts develop into fluid-filled biliary cysts. For patients with polycystic liver disease (PCLD), nonsurgical treatments are limited, and managing life-long abdominal swelling, pain, and increasing risk of cyst rupture and infection is common. We demonstrate here that loss of the primary cilium on postnatal biliary epithelial cells (via the deletion of the cilia gene Wdr35) drives ongoing pathological remodeling of the biliary tree, resulting in progressive cyst formation and growth. The development of cystic tissue requires the activation of transforming growth factor-β (TGFβ) signaling, which promotes the expression of a procystic, fibronectin-rich extracellular matrix and which itself is perceived by a changing profile of integrin receptors on the cystic epithelium. This signaling axis is conserved in liver cysts from patients with either autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease or autosomal dominant polycystic liver disease, indicating that there are common cellular mechanisms for liver cyst growth regardless of the underlying genetic cause. Cyst number and size can be reduced by inhibiting TGFβ signaling or integrin signaling in vivo. We suggest that our findings represent a therapeutic route for patients with polycystic liver disease, most of whom would not be amenable to surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott H Waddell
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh- Edinburgh- UK, EH4 2XU
| | - Yuelin Yao
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh- Edinburgh- UK, EH4 2XU
- School of Informatics- University of Edinburgh- Edinburgh- UK, EH8 9AB
| | - Paula Olaizola
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh- Edinburgh- UK, EH4 2XU
- Department of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Biodonostia Health Research Institute – Donostia University Hospital, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), San Sebastian, Spain, 20014
- Centre for Inflammation Research, Queens Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK EH16 4TJ
| | - Alexander Walker
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh- Edinburgh- UK, EH4 2XU
| | - Edward J Jarman
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh- Edinburgh- UK, EH4 2XU
| | - Konstantinos Gournopanos
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh- Edinburgh- UK, EH4 2XU
| | - Andreea Gradinaru
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh- Edinburgh- UK, EH4 2XU
| | - Ersi Christodoulou
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh- Edinburgh- UK, EH4 2XU
| | - Philippe Gautier
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh- Edinburgh- UK, EH4 2XU
| | - Melissa M Boerrigter
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Radboud University, Nijmegen Medical Center- 6525 GA Nijmegen- Netherlands
| | | | - Luca Fabris
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padua, 35128 Padua, Italy
- Digestive Disease Section, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Joost PH Drenth
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Radboud University, Nijmegen Medical Center- 6525 GA Nijmegen- Netherlands
| | - Timothy J Kendall
- Centre for Inflammation Research, Queens Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK EH16 4TJ
| | - Jesus M Banales
- Department of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Biodonostia Health Research Institute – Donostia University Hospital, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), San Sebastian, Spain, 20014
- National Institute for the Study of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, CIBERehd, “Instituto de Salud Carlos III”, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, School of Sciences, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, 48009 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Ava Khamseh
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh- Edinburgh- UK, EH4 2XU
- School of Informatics- University of Edinburgh- Edinburgh- UK, EH8 9AB
| | - Pleasantine Mill
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh- Edinburgh- UK, EH4 2XU
| | - Luke Boulter
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh- Edinburgh- UK, EH4 2XU
- Cancer Research UK Scotland Centre, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, Edinburgh, UK, EH4 2XU
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Azimzadeh J, Durand B. Evolution: The ancient history of cilia assembly regulation. Curr Biol 2023; 33:R898-R900. [PMID: 37699344 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2023.07.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
A new study identifies a conserved regulatory mechanism for cilia assembly in the closest unicellular relatives of animals, suggesting that this mechanism was already present in a common unicellular ancestor and was repurposed during the transition to multicellularity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliette Azimzadeh
- Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Institut Jacques Monod, F-75013 Paris, France.
| | - Bénédicte Durand
- Université Claude Bernard, UMR 5284 CNRS, U1314 INSERM, Lyon 1, F-69008 Lyon, France.
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Pfirrmann T, Franco B, Kopinke D, Gerhardt C. Editorial: Regulation of proteostasis and cellular energy homeostasis at the primary cilium. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1285237. [PMID: 37745293 PMCID: PMC10515195 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1285237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Thorsten Pfirrmann
- Department of Medicine, Institute for Molecular Medicine, Health and Medical University, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Brunella Franco
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Federico II University of Naples, School for Advanced Studies, Genomics and Experimental Medicine Programme, Naples, Italy
| | - Daniel Kopinke
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Myology Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Christoph Gerhardt
- Department of Medicine, Institute for Molecular Medicine, Health and Medical University, Potsdam, Germany
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48
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Bruel AL, Ganga AK, Nosková L, Valenzuela I, Martinovic J, Duffourd Y, Zikánová M, Majer F, Kmoch S, Mohler M, Sun J, Sweeney LK, Martínez-Gil N, Thauvin-Robinet C, Breslow DK. Pathogenic RAB34 variants impair primary cilium assembly and cause a novel oral-facial-digital syndrome. Hum Mol Genet 2023; 32:2822-2831. [PMID: 37384395 PMCID: PMC10481091 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddad109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral-facial-digital syndromes (OFDS) are a group of clinically and genetically heterogeneous disorders characterized by defects in the development of the face and oral cavity along with digit anomalies. Pathogenic variants in over 20 genes encoding ciliary proteins have been found to cause OFDS through deleterious structural or functional impacts on primary cilia. We identified by exome sequencing bi-allelic missense variants in a novel disease-causing ciliary gene RAB34 in four individuals from three unrelated families. Affected individuals presented a novel form of OFDS (OFDS-RAB34) accompanied by cardiac, cerebral, skeletal and anorectal defects. RAB34 encodes a member of the Rab GTPase superfamily and was recently identified as a key mediator of ciliary membrane formation. Unlike many genes required for cilium assembly, RAB34 acts selectively in cell types that use the intracellular ciliogenesis pathway, in which nascent cilia begin to form in the cytoplasm. We find that the protein products of these pathogenic variants, which are clustered near the RAB34 C-terminus, exhibit a strong loss of function. Although some variants retain the ability to be recruited to the mother centriole, cells expressing mutant RAB34 exhibit a significant defect in cilium assembly. While many Rab proteins have been previously linked to ciliogenesis, our studies establish RAB34 as the first small GTPase involved in OFDS and reveal the distinct clinical manifestations caused by impairment of intracellular ciliogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ange-Line Bruel
- INSERM U1231 Génétique des Anomalies du Développement (GAD), University Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 21070 Dijon, France
- Unité Fonctionnelle Innovation en Diagnostic Génomique des Maladies Rares, Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire Médecine Translationnelle et Anomalies du Développement (FHU-TRANSLAD), Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire (CHU) Dijon Bourgogne, 21079 Dijon, France
| | - Anil Kumar Ganga
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | - Lenka Nosková
- Research Unit for Rare Diseases, Department of Pediatrics and Inherited Metabolic Disorders, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague 128 08, Czech Republic
| | - Irene Valenzuela
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Genetics, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
- Medical Genetics Group, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute,08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jelena Martinovic
- Unit of Embryo-Fetal Pathology, AP-HP, Antoine Béclère Hospital, Paris Saclay University, 92141 Clamart, France
| | - Yannis Duffourd
- INSERM U1231 Génétique des Anomalies du Développement (GAD), University Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 21070 Dijon, France
- Unité Fonctionnelle Innovation en Diagnostic Génomique des Maladies Rares, Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire Médecine Translationnelle et Anomalies du Développement (FHU-TRANSLAD), Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire (CHU) Dijon Bourgogne, 21079 Dijon, France
| | - Marie Zikánová
- Research Unit for Rare Diseases, Department of Pediatrics and Inherited Metabolic Disorders, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague 128 08, Czech Republic
| | - Filip Majer
- Research Unit for Rare Diseases, Department of Pediatrics and Inherited Metabolic Disorders, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague 128 08, Czech Republic
| | - Stanislav Kmoch
- Research Unit for Rare Diseases, Department of Pediatrics and Inherited Metabolic Disorders, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague 128 08, Czech Republic
| | - Markéta Mohler
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Pathology and Medical Genetics, University Hospital Ostrava, Ostrava 708 52, Czech Republic
| | - Jingbo Sun
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | - Lauren K Sweeney
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | - Núria Martínez-Gil
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Genetics, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
- Medical Genetics Group, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute,08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Christel Thauvin-Robinet
- INSERM U1231 Génétique des Anomalies du Développement (GAD), University Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 21070 Dijon, France
- Unité Fonctionnelle Innovation en Diagnostic Génomique des Maladies Rares, Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire Médecine Translationnelle et Anomalies du Développement (FHU-TRANSLAD), Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire (CHU) Dijon Bourgogne, 21079 Dijon, France
- Centre de Génétique et Centre de référence maladies rares ‘Anomalies du Développement et Syndromes Malformatifs’, FHU-TRANSLAD, Hôpital d'Enfants, CHU Dijon Bourgogne, 21079 Dijon, France
| | - David K Breslow
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
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Orosz F. The Unicellular, Parasitic Fungi, Sanchytriomycota, Possess a DNA Sequence Possibly Encoding a Long Tubulin Polymerization Promoting Protein (TPPP) but Not a Fungal-Type One. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2029. [PMID: 37630588 PMCID: PMC10459994 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11082029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The unicellular, parasitic fungi of the phylum Sanchytriomycota (sanchytrids) were discovered a few years ago. These unusual chytrid-like fungi parasitize algae. The zoospores of the species of the phylum contain an extremely long kinetosome composed of microtubular singlets or doublets and a non-motile pseudocilium (i.e., a reduced posterior flagellum). Fungi provide an ideal opportunity to test and confirm the correlation between the occurrence of flagellar proteins (the ciliome) and that of the eukaryotic cilium/flagellum since the flagellum occurs in the early-branching phyla and not in terrestrial fungi. Tubulin polymerization promoting protein (TPPP)-like proteins, which contain a p25alpha domain, were also suggested to belong to the ciliome and are present in flagellated fungi. Although sanchytrids have lost many of the flagellar proteins, here it is shown that they possess a DNA sequence possibly encoding long (animal-type) TPPP, but not the fungal-type one characteristic of chytrid fungi. Phylogenetic analysis of p25alpha domains placed sanchytrids into a sister position to Blastocladiomycota, similarly to species phylogeny, with maximal support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ferenc Orosz
- Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
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50
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Tian X, Zhao H, Zhou J. Organization, functions, and mechanisms of the BBSome in development, ciliopathies, and beyond. eLife 2023; 12:e87623. [PMID: 37466224 DOI: 10.7554/elife.87623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The BBSome is an octameric protein complex that regulates ciliary transport and signaling. Mutations in BBSome subunits are closely associated with ciliary defects and lead to ciliopathies, notably Bardet-Biedl syndrome. Over the past few years, there has been significant progress in elucidating the molecular organization and functions of the BBSome complex. An improved understanding of BBSome-mediated biological events and molecular mechanisms is expected to help advance the development of diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for BBSome-related diseases. Here, we review the current literature on the structural assembly, transport regulation, and molecular functions of the BBSome, emphasizing its roles in cilium-related processes. We also provide perspectives on the pathological role of the BBSome in ciliopathies as well as how these can be exploited for therapeutic benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Tian
- Center for Cell Structure and Function, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cell Biology in Universities of Shandong, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Huijie Zhao
- Center for Cell Structure and Function, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cell Biology in Universities of Shandong, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Jun Zhou
- Center for Cell Structure and Function, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cell Biology in Universities of Shandong, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
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