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Wilms AE, de Boer I, Pelzer N, In't Veld SGJG, Middelkoop HAM, Teunissen CE, Terwindt GM. NFL and GFAP in (pre)symptomatic RVCL-S carriers: a monogenic cerebral small vessel disease. J Neurol 2024:10.1007/s00415-024-12292-6. [PMID: 38581544 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-024-12292-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neurofilament light chain (NfL) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) have emerged as biomarkers for cerebral small vessel disease (SVD). We investigated their role in a hereditary SVD model, retinal vasculopathy with cerebral leukoencephalopathy and systemic manifestations (RVCL-S). METHODS NfL and GFAP levels of 17 pre-symptomatic, 22 symptomatic RVCL-S mutation carriers and 69 controls were measured using a Simoa assay. We assessed the association of serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of NfL and GFAP with RVCL-S symptomatology and neuropsychological functioning. RESULTS Serum and CSF NfL levels were higher in symptomatic RVCL-S compared to controls ≥ 45 years (33.5 pg/mL vs. 9.2 pg/mL, p < 0.01; 8.5*102 pg/mL vs. 3.9*102 pg/mL, p < 0.01, respectively). Serum NfL levels were higher in symptomatic RVCL-S than pre-symptomatic carriers (33.5 pg/mL vs. 5.9 pg/mL, p = 0.02). Pre-symptomatic RVCL-S carriers had increased CSF NfL levels compared to controls < 45 years (5.2*102 pg/mL vs. 1.9*102 pg/mL, p < 0.01). No differences were found in GFAP levels across groups, but in RVCL-S carriers higher serum levels of both NfL and GFAP were linked to poorer global cognitive functioning (β[95%CI] = - 2.86 [- 5.58 to - 0.13], p = 0.04 and β[95%CI] = - 6.85 [- 11.54 to - 2.15], p = 0.01, respectively) and prolonged psychomotor test times (β[95%CI] = 6.71 [0.78-12.65], p = 0.03 and β[95%CI] = 13.84 [3.09-24.60], p = 0.01). DISCUSSION Higher levels of serum NfL and GFAP are associated with worse cognitive functioning in RVCL-S carriers and may serve as marker for disease progression. CSF NfL levels may serve as early marker as pre-symptomatic RVCL-S patients already show differences compared to young controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annelise E Wilms
- Department of Neurology, Leiden University Medical Center, PO Box 9600, 2300RC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - I de Boer
- Department of Neurology, Leiden University Medical Center, PO Box 9600, 2300RC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - N Pelzer
- Department of Neurology, Leiden University Medical Center, PO Box 9600, 2300RC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - S G J G In't Veld
- Neurochemistry Laboratory, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - H A M Middelkoop
- Department of Neurology, Leiden University Medical Center, PO Box 9600, 2300RC, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Institute of Psychology, Health, Medical and Neuropsychology Unit, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - C E Teunissen
- Neurochemistry Laboratory, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - G M Terwindt
- Department of Neurology, Leiden University Medical Center, PO Box 9600, 2300RC, Leiden, The Netherlands.
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Deng MY, Maas SLN, Hinz F, Karger CP, Sievers P, Eichkorn T, Meixner E, Hoegen-Sassmannshausen P, Hörner-Rieber J, Lischalk JW, Seidensaal K, Bernhardt D, Jungk C, Unterberg A, Wick A, Wick W, von Deimling A, Sahm F, Combs S, Herfarth K, Debus J, König L. Efficacy and toxicity of bimodal radiotherapy in WHO grade 2 meningiomas following subtotal resection with carbon ion boost: Prospective phase 2 MARCIE trial. Neuro Oncol 2024; 26:701-712. [PMID: 38079455 PMCID: PMC10995516 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noad244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Novel radiotherapeutic modalities using carbon ions provide an increased relative biological effectiveness (RBE) compared to photons, delivering a higher biological dose while reducing radiation exposure for adjacent organs. This prospective phase 2 trial investigated bimodal radiotherapy using photons with carbon-ion (C12)-boost in patients with WHO grade 2 meningiomas following subtotal resection (Simpson grade 4 or 5). METHODS A total of 33 patients were enrolled from July 2012 until July 2020. The study treatment comprised a C12-boost (18 Gy [RBE] in 6 fractions) applied to the macroscopic tumor in combination with photon radiotherapy (50 Gy in 25 fractions). The primary endpoint was the 3-year progression-free survival (PFS), and the secondary endpoints included overall survival, safety and treatment toxicities. RESULTS With a median follow-up of 42 months, the 3-year estimates of PFS, local PFS and overall survival were 80.3%, 86.7%, and 89.8%, respectively. Radiation-induced contrast enhancement (RICE) was encountered in 45%, particularly in patients with periventricularly located meningiomas. Patients exhibiting RICE were mostly either asymptomatic (40%) or presented immediate neurological and radiological improvement (47%) after the administration of corticosteroids or bevacizumab in case of radiation necrosis (3/33). Treatment-associated complications occurred in 1 patient with radiation necrosis who died due to postoperative complications after resection of radiation necrosis. The study was prematurely terminated after recruiting 33 of the planned 40 patients. CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrates a bimodal approach utilizing photons with C12-boost may achieve a superior local PFS to conventional photon RT, but must be balanced against the potential risks of toxicities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian Y Deng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
- Heidelberg Institute for Radiation Oncology (HIRO) and National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology (NCRO), Heidelberg, Germany
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), NCT Heidelberg, a partnership between DKFZ and Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
- Heidelberg Ion-Beam Therapy Center (HIT), Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sybren L N Maas
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department of Pathology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Felix Hinz
- Department of Neuropathology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
- CCU Neuropathology, German Consortium for Translational Cancer Research (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christian P Karger
- Department of Medical Physics in Radiation Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Philipp Sievers
- Department of Neuropathology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
- CCU Neuropathology, German Consortium for Translational Cancer Research (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Tanja Eichkorn
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
- Heidelberg Institute for Radiation Oncology (HIRO) and National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology (NCRO), Heidelberg, Germany
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), NCT Heidelberg, a partnership between DKFZ and Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Eva Meixner
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
- Heidelberg Institute for Radiation Oncology (HIRO) and National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology (NCRO), Heidelberg, Germany
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), NCT Heidelberg, a partnership between DKFZ and Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
- Heidelberg Ion-Beam Therapy Center (HIT), Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Philipp Hoegen-Sassmannshausen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
- Heidelberg Institute for Radiation Oncology (HIRO) and National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology (NCRO), Heidelberg, Germany
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), NCT Heidelberg, a partnership between DKFZ and Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
- Heidelberg Ion-Beam Therapy Center (HIT), Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Radiation Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Juliane Hörner-Rieber
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
- Heidelberg Institute for Radiation Oncology (HIRO) and National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology (NCRO), Heidelberg, Germany
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), NCT Heidelberg, a partnership between DKFZ and Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
- Heidelberg Ion-Beam Therapy Center (HIT), Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Radiation Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jonathan W Lischalk
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Perlmutter Cancer Center at New York University Langone Health at Long Island, New York, New York, USA
| | - Katharina Seidensaal
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
- Heidelberg Institute for Radiation Oncology (HIRO) and National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology (NCRO), Heidelberg, Germany
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), NCT Heidelberg, a partnership between DKFZ and Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
- Heidelberg Ion-Beam Therapy Center (HIT), Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Denise Bernhardt
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Christine Jungk
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Andreas Unterberg
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Antje Wick
- Department of Neurology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Wick
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), NCT Heidelberg, a partnership between DKFZ and Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Neurology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Neurooncology, German Consortium for Translational Cancer Research (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Andreas von Deimling
- Department of Neuropathology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
- CCU Neuropathology, German Consortium for Translational Cancer Research (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Felix Sahm
- Department of Neuropathology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
- CCU Neuropathology, German Consortium for Translational Cancer Research (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stephanie Combs
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Klaus Herfarth
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
- Heidelberg Institute for Radiation Oncology (HIRO) and National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology (NCRO), Heidelberg, Germany
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), NCT Heidelberg, a partnership between DKFZ and Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
- Heidelberg Ion-Beam Therapy Center (HIT), Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jürgen Debus
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
- Heidelberg Institute for Radiation Oncology (HIRO) and National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology (NCRO), Heidelberg, Germany
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), NCT Heidelberg, a partnership between DKFZ and Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
- Heidelberg Ion-Beam Therapy Center (HIT), Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Radiation Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Laila König
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
- Heidelberg Institute for Radiation Oncology (HIRO) and National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology (NCRO), Heidelberg, Germany
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), NCT Heidelberg, a partnership between DKFZ and Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
- Heidelberg Ion-Beam Therapy Center (HIT), Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
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Kaestner L, Schlenke P, von Lindern M, El Nemer W. Translatable tool to quantitatively assess the quality of red blood cell units and tailored cultured red blood cells for transfusion. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2318762121. [PMID: 38437568 PMCID: PMC10945767 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2318762121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Lars Kaestner
- Theoretical Medicine and Biosciences, Saarland University, Campus Saarland University Hospital, Homburg/Saar66424, Germany
- Dynamics of Fluids, Experimental Physics, Saarland University, Saarbruecken66123, Germany
| | - Peter Schlenke
- Department of Blood Group Serology and Transfusion Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz8036, Austria
| | - Marieke von Lindern
- Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam1105AZ, The Netherlands
- Department Hematopoiesis, Sanquin Blood Supply Foundation, Amsterdam1066CX, The Netherlands
| | - Wassim El Nemer
- Etablissement Français du Sang Prevence Alpes Côte d’Azur-Corse, Aix Marseille University, Centre national de la recherche scientifique (CNRS), Anthropologie bio-culturelle, Droit, Ethique et Santé (UMR 7268), Globule Rouge laboratory of excellence (GR-Ex), Marseille13005, France
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Attili L, Garofalo L, Puddu G, Tirone G, Pizzarelli A, Barbara N, Haring E, Lorenzini R. Genetic distinctiveness of an endangered falcon: Implications for conservation in Europe. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0295424. [PMID: 38117737 PMCID: PMC10732417 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0295424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/22/2023] Open
Abstract
In the Falconidae, the genus Falco comprises species of large birds of prey with wide distribution worldwide. However, the European lanner falcon Falco biarmicus feldeggii is rapidly heading for global extinction following a dramatic decline caused by anthropogenic interference. Conservation projects are currently underway with the main purpose of increasing its population size in the Mediterranean basin through captive breeding and release of birds into the wild. To support the projects, and strengthen the legitimacy of conservation efforts consistently with the Evolutionary Significant Unit concept, we explored the possibility of characterising the gene pool of the European lanner and reliably distinguishing it from other falcon taxa inhabiting the Mediterranean area, which show morphological and genetic similarities. To address the issue, we examined genetic variability at the nuclear level through the analysis of 12 neutral Short Tandem Repeat loci, and, for the first time in these taxa, two single-copy functional genes, coding for the brain-derived neurotrophic factor precursor and the oocyte maturation factor, respectively. The second exon of the major histocompatibility complex class II B gene was also investigated. Additionally, to frame our data with previously published data, we assess variation at the mitochondrial level by sequencing portions of the cytochrome b, 12S rRNA gene, and the control region. Our results showed that the European lanner is highly distinct from other falcon taxa, as revealed by nuclear, but not by mitochondrial DNA. We discuss our findings focusing on their implications for the preservation of this highly endangered European bird, and highlighted the critical role of genetic information in planning and monitoring concrete interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Attili
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Lazio e della Toscana M. Aleandri, Centro di Referenza Nazionale per la Medicina Forense Veterinaria, Grosseto, Italy
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology “C. Darwin”, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Luisa Garofalo
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Lazio e della Toscana M. Aleandri, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Puddu
- Regione Lazio, Riserva Naturale Lago di Vico, Caprarola, Viterbo, Italy
| | - Giampiero Tirone
- Regione Lazio, Riserva Naturale Lago di Vico, Caprarola, Viterbo, Italy
| | - Antonella Pizzarelli
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Lazio e della Toscana M. Aleandri, Centro di Referenza Nazionale per la Medicina Forense Veterinaria, Grosseto, Italy
| | | | | | - Rita Lorenzini
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Lazio e della Toscana M. Aleandri, Centro di Referenza Nazionale per la Medicina Forense Veterinaria, Grosseto, Italy
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Fassad MR, Rumman N, Junger K, Patel MP, Thompson J, Goggin P, Ueffing M, Beyer T, Boldt K, Lucas JS, Mitchison HM. Defective airway intraflagellar transport underlies a combined motile and primary ciliopathy syndrome caused by IFT74 mutations. Hum Mol Genet 2023; 32:3090-3104. [PMID: 37555648 PMCID: PMC10586200 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddad132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Ciliopathies are inherited disorders caused by defective cilia. Mutations affecting motile cilia usually cause the chronic muco-obstructive sinopulmonary disease primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) and are associated with laterality defects, while a broad spectrum of early developmental as well as degenerative syndromes arise from mutations affecting signalling of primary (non-motile) cilia. Cilia assembly and functioning requires intraflagellar transport (IFT) of cargos assisted by IFT-B and IFT-A adaptor complexes. Within IFT-B, the N-termini of partner proteins IFT74 and IFT81 govern tubulin transport to build the ciliary microtubular cytoskeleton. We detected a homozygous 3-kb intragenic IFT74 deletion removing the exon 2 initiation codon and 40 N-terminal amino acids in two affected siblings. Both had clinical features of PCD with bronchiectasis, but no laterality defects. They also had retinal dysplasia and abnormal bone growth, with a narrowed thorax and short ribs, shortened long bones and digits, and abnormal skull shape. This resembles short-rib thoracic dysplasia, a skeletal ciliopathy previously linked to IFT defects in primary cilia, not motile cilia. Ciliated nasal epithelial cells collected from affected individuals had reduced numbers of shortened motile cilia with disarranged microtubules, some misorientation of the basal feet, and disrupted cilia structural and IFT protein distributions. No full-length IFT74 was expressed, only truncated forms that were consistent with N-terminal deletion and inframe translation from downstream initiation codons. In affinity purification mass spectrometry, exon 2-deleted IFT74 initiated from the nearest inframe downstream methionine 41 still interacts as part of the IFT-B complex, but only with reduced interaction levels and not with all its usual IFT-B partners. We propose that this is a hypomorphic mutation with some residual protein function retained, which gives rise to a primary skeletal ciliopathy combined with defective motile cilia and PCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud R Fassad
- Genetics and Genomic Medicine Research and Teaching Department, University College London, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, 30 Guilford Street, London WC1N 1EH, United Kingdom
- Department of Human Genetics, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, 22 El-Guish Road, El-Shatby, Alexandria 21526, Egypt
| | - Nisreen Rumman
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Makassed Hospital and Al-Quds University, East Jerusalem 91220, Palestine
- Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, 300 Cedar St #441, New Haven, CT 06520, United States
| | - Katrin Junger
- Institute for Ophthalmic Research, Eberhard Karl University of Tübingen, Elfreide-Alhorn-Strasse 5-7, Tübingen 72076, Germany
| | - Mitali P Patel
- Genetics and Genomic Medicine Research and Teaching Department, University College London, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, 30 Guilford Street, London WC1N 1EH, United Kingdom
- MRC Prion Unit at UCL, Institute of Prion Diseases, University College London, 33 Cleveland Street, London W1W 7FF, United Kingdom
| | - James Thompson
- Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia Centre, NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton SO16 6YD, United Kingdom
- School of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, University Road, Southampton SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom
- Biomedical Imaging Unit, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, University Road, Southampton SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom
| | - Patricia Goggin
- Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia Centre, NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton SO16 6YD, United Kingdom
- Biomedical Imaging Unit, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, University Road, Southampton SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom
| | - Marius Ueffing
- Institute for Ophthalmic Research, Eberhard Karl University of Tübingen, Elfreide-Alhorn-Strasse 5-7, Tübingen 72076, Germany
| | - Tina Beyer
- Institute for Ophthalmic Research, Eberhard Karl University of Tübingen, Elfreide-Alhorn-Strasse 5-7, Tübingen 72076, Germany
| | - Karsten Boldt
- Institute for Ophthalmic Research, Eberhard Karl University of Tübingen, Elfreide-Alhorn-Strasse 5-7, Tübingen 72076, Germany
| | - Jane S Lucas
- Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia Centre, NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton SO16 6YD, United Kingdom
- School of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, University Road, Southampton SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom
| | - Hannah M Mitchison
- Genetics and Genomic Medicine Research and Teaching Department, University College London, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, 30 Guilford Street, London WC1N 1EH, United Kingdom
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Boschi A, Kovtun A, Liscio F, Xia Z, Kim KH, Avila SL, De Simone S, Mussi V, Barone C, Pagano S, Gobbi M, Samorì P, Affronte M, Candini A, Palermo V, Liscio A. Mesoscopic 3D Charge Transport in Solution-Processed Graphene-Based Thin Films: A Multiscale Analysis. Small 2023; 19:e2303238. [PMID: 37330652 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202303238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Graphene and related 2D material (GRM) thin films consist of 3D assembly of billions of 2D nanosheets randomly distributed and interacting via van der Waals forces. Their complexity and the multiscale nature yield a wide variety of electrical characteristics ranging from doped semiconductor to glassy metals depending on the crystalline quality of the nanosheets, their specific structural organization ant the operating temperature. Here, the charge transport (CT) mechanisms are studied that are occurring in GRM thin films near the metal-insulator transition (MIT) highlighting the role of defect density and local arrangement of the nanosheets. Two prototypical nanosheet types are compared, i.e., 2D reduced graphene oxide and few-layer-thick electrochemically exfoliated graphene flakes, forming thin films with comparable composition, morphology and room temperature conductivity, but different defect density and crystallinity. By investigating their structure, morphology, and the dependence of their electrical conductivity on temperature, noise and magnetic-field, a general model is developed describing the multiscale nature of CT in GRM thin films in terms of hopping among mesoscopic bricks, i.e., grains. The results suggest a general approach to describe disordered van der Waals thin films.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Boschi
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto per la Sintesi Organica e la Fotoreattività, (CNR-ISOF), via Gobetti 101, Bologna, 40129, Italy
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, IIT - CNI, Laboratorio NEST, piazza S. Silvestro 12, Pisa, 56127, Italy
| | - Alessandro Kovtun
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto per la Sintesi Organica e la Fotoreattività, (CNR-ISOF), via Gobetti 101, Bologna, 40129, Italy
| | - Fabiola Liscio
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto per la Microelettronica e Microsistemi, (CNR-IMM) - Bologna Unit, via Gobetti 101, Bologna, 40129, Italy
| | - Zhenyuan Xia
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto per la Sintesi Organica e la Fotoreattività, (CNR-ISOF), via Gobetti 101, Bologna, 40129, Italy
- Chalmers University of Technology, Department of Industrial and Materials Science, Kemivägen 9, Gothenburg, 41296, Sweden
| | - Kyung Ho Kim
- Chalmers University of Technology, Department of Microtechnology and Nanoscience, Kemivägen 9, Gothenburg, 41296, Sweden
- Physics Department, Royal Holloway, University of London, Egham, Surrey, TW20 0EX, UK
| | - Samuel Lara Avila
- Chalmers University of Technology, Department of Microtechnology and Nanoscience, Kemivägen 9, Gothenburg, 41296, Sweden
| | - Sara De Simone
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto per la Microelettronica e Microsistemi, (CNR-IMM) - Roma Unit, via del Fosso del Cavaliere 100, Roma, 00133, Italy
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto per la Microelettronica e Microsistemi, (CNR-IMM) - Lecce Unit, SP Lecce-Monteroni km 1,200, Lecce, 73100, Italy
| | - Valentina Mussi
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto per la Microelettronica e Microsistemi, (CNR-IMM) - Roma Unit, via del Fosso del Cavaliere 100, Roma, 00133, Italy
| | - Carlo Barone
- Dipartimento di Fisica "E.R. Caianiello", Università degli Studi di Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, Fisciano, SA, 84084, Italy
- CNR-SPIN Salerno and INFN Gruppo Collegato di Salerno, c/o Università degli Studi di Salerno, Fisciano, SA, 84084, Italy
| | - Sergio Pagano
- Dipartimento di Fisica "E.R. Caianiello", Università degli Studi di Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, Fisciano, SA, 84084, Italy
- CNR-SPIN Salerno and INFN Gruppo Collegato di Salerno, c/o Università degli Studi di Salerno, Fisciano, SA, 84084, Italy
| | - Marco Gobbi
- CIC nanoGUNE, Tolosa Hiribidea 76, Donostia - San Sebastian, E-20018, Spain
| | - Paolo Samorì
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, ISIS, 8 allée Gaspard Monge, Strasbourg, 67000, France
| | - Marco Affronte
- Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche, Informatiche e Matematiche (FIM), via Giuseppe Campi 213/a, Modena, 41125, Italy
| | - Andrea Candini
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto per la Sintesi Organica e la Fotoreattività, (CNR-ISOF), via Gobetti 101, Bologna, 40129, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Palermo
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto per la Sintesi Organica e la Fotoreattività, (CNR-ISOF), via Gobetti 101, Bologna, 40129, Italy
| | - Andrea Liscio
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto per la Microelettronica e Microsistemi, (CNR-IMM) - Roma Unit, via del Fosso del Cavaliere 100, Roma, 00133, Italy
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Mastrototaro L, Roden M. The effects of extracellular vesicles and their cargo on metabolism and its adaptation to physical exercise in insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Proteomics 2023:e2300078. [PMID: 37525338 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.202300078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
Lifestyle modification represents the first-line strategy for the prevention and treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), which is frequently associated with obesity and characterized by defective pancreatic insulin secretion and/or insulin resistance. Exercise training is an essential component of lifestyle modification and has been shown to ameliorate insulin resistance by reducing body fat mass and by enhancing skeletal muscle mitochondrial biogenesis and insulin-independent glucose uptake. Additionally, exercising stimulates the release of exerkines such as metabolites or cytokines, but also long non-coding RNA, microRNAs, cell-free DNA (cf-DNA), and extracellular vesicles (EVs), which contribute to inter-tissue communication. There is emerging evidence that EV number and content are altered in obesity and T2DM and may be involved in several metabolic processes, specifically either worsening or improving insulin resistance. This review summarizes the current knowledge on the metabolic effects of exercise training and on the potential role of humoral factors and EV as new biomarkers for early diagnosis and tailored treatment of T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Mastrototaro
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research, Partner Düsseldorf, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Michael Roden
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research, Partner Düsseldorf, Neuherberg, Germany
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
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8
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Liu CC, Paschen S, Si Q. Quantum criticality enabled by intertwined degrees of freedom. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2300903120. [PMID: 37459538 PMCID: PMC10372663 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2300903120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Strange metals appear in a wide range of correlated materials. Electronic localization-delocalization and the expected loss of quasiparticles characterize beyond-Landau metallic quantum critical points and the associated strange metals. Typical settings involve local spins. Systems that contain entwined degrees of freedom offer new platforms to realize unusual forms of quantum criticality. Here, we study the fate of an SU(4) spin-orbital Kondo state in a multipolar Bose-Fermi Kondo model, which provides an effective description of a multipolar Kondo lattice, using a renormalization-group method. We show that at zero temperature, a generic trajectory in the model's parameter space contains two quantum critical points, which are associated with the destruction of Kondo entanglement in the orbital and spin channels, respectively. Our asymptotically exact results reveal an overall phase diagram, provide the theoretical basis to understand puzzling recent experiments of a multipolar heavy fermion metal, and point to a means of designing different forms of quantum criticality and strange metallicity in a variety of strongly correlated systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Chuan Liu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice Center for Quantum Materials, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005
- Département de Physique, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Silke Paschen
- Institute of Solid State Physics, Vienna University of Technology, 1040 Vienna, Austria
| | - Qimiao Si
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice Center for Quantum Materials, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005
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9
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Schmidhammer H, Al-Khrasani M, Fürst S, Spetea M. Peripheralization Strategies Applied to Morphinans and Implications for Improved Treatment of Pain. Molecules 2023; 28:4761. [PMID: 37375318 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28124761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Opioids are considered the most effective analgesics for the treatment of moderate to severe acute and chronic pain. However, the inadequate benefit/risk ratio of currently available opioids, together with the current 'opioid crisis', warrant consideration on new opioid analgesic discovery strategies. Targeting peripheral opioid receptors as effective means of treating pain and avoiding the centrally mediated side effects represents a research area of substantial and continuous attention. Among clinically used analgesics, opioids from the class of morphinans (i.e., morphine and structurally related analogues) are of utmost clinical importance as analgesic drugs activating the mu-opioid receptor. In this review, we focus on peripheralization strategies applied to N-methylmorphinans to limit their ability to cross the blood-brain barrier, thus minimizing central exposure and the associated undesired side effects. Chemical modifications to the morphinan scaffold to increase hydrophilicity of known and new opioids, and nanocarrier-based approaches to selectively deliver opioids, such as morphine, to the peripheral tissue are discussed. The preclinical and clinical research activities have allowed for the characterization of a variety of compounds that show low central nervous system penetration, and therefore an improved side effect profile, yet maintaining the desired opioid-related antinociceptive activity. Such peripheral opioid analgesics may represent alternatives to presently available drugs for an efficient and safer pain therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helmut Schmidhammer
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy and Center for Molecular Biosciences (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Mahmoud Al-Khrasani
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Nagyvárad tér 4, H-1445 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Susanna Fürst
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Nagyvárad tér 4, H-1445 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Mariana Spetea
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy and Center for Molecular Biosciences (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
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Won MM, Krüger T, Engstler M, Burleigh BA. The Intracellular Amastigote of Trypanosoma cruzi Maintains an Actively Beating Flagellum. mBio 2023; 14:e0355622. [PMID: 36840555 PMCID: PMC10128032 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.03556-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Throughout its complex life cycle, the uniflagellate parasitic protist, Trypanosoma cruzi, adapts to different host environments by transitioning between elongated motile extracellular stages and a nonmotile intracellular amastigote stage that replicates in the cytoplasm of mammalian host cells. Intracellular T. cruzi amastigotes retain a short flagellum that extends beyond the opening of the flagellar pocket with access to the extracellular milieu. Contrary to the long-held view that the T. cruzi amastigote flagellum is inert, we report that this organelle is motile and displays quasiperiodic beating inside mammalian host cells. Kymograph analysis determined an average flagellar beat frequency of ~0.7 Hz for intracellular amastigotes and similar beat frequencies for extracellular amastigotes following their isolation from host cells. Inhibitor studies reveal that flagellar motility in T. cruzi amastigotes is critically dependent on parasite mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation. These novel observations reveal that flagellar motility is an intrinsic property of T. cruzi amastigotes and suggest that this organelle may play an active role in the parasite infection process. IMPORTANCE Understanding the interplay between intracellular pathogens and their hosts is vital to the development of new treatments and preventive strategies. The intracellular "amastigote" stage of the Chagas disease parasite, Trypanosoma cruzi, is a critical but understudied parasitic life stage. Previous work established that cytosolically localized T. cruzi amastigotes engage physically and selectively with host mitochondria using their short, single flagellum. The current study was initiated to examine the dynamics of the parasite flagellum-host mitochondrial interaction through live confocal imaging and led to the unexpected discovery that the T. cruzi amastigote flagellum is motile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madalyn M. Won
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Timothy Krüger
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Biozentrum, University of Würzburg, Germany
| | - Markus Engstler
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Biozentrum, University of Würzburg, Germany
| | - Barbara A. Burleigh
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Weimerskirch H, Corbeau A, Pajot A, Patrick SC, Collet J. Albatrosses develop attraction to fishing vessels during immaturity but avoid them at old age. Proc Biol Sci 2023; 290:20222252. [PMID: 36598019 PMCID: PMC9811633 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2022.2252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Animals have to develop novel behaviours to adapt to anthropogenic activities or environmental changes. Fishing vessels constitute a recent feature that attracts albatrosses in large numbers. While they provide a valuable food source through offal and bait, they cause mortalities through bycatch, such that selection on vessel attraction will depend on the cost-benefit balance. We examine whether attraction to fishing and other vessels changes through the lifetime of great albatrosses, and show that attraction differed between age classes, sexes and personality. Juveniles encountered fewer vessels than adults, but also showed a lower attraction to vessels when encountered. Attraction rates, especially for fishing vessels, increased through immaturity to peak during adulthood, decreasing with old age. Shy females had lower attraction to vessels and shy males remained at vessels longer, suggesting that bolder individuals may outcompete shyer ones, with positive consequences for mass gain. These results suggest that attraction to vessels is a learned process, leading to an increase with age, and is not the result of preferential attraction to new objects by juveniles. Overall, our findings have important conservation implications as a result of potential strong differential selection on the risk of bycatch for age classes, personality types, populations and species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henri Weimerskirch
- Centre d’Études Biologiques de Chizé, UMR 7372 CNRS-La Rochelle Université, 79360 Villiers en Bois, France
| | - Alexandre Corbeau
- Centre d’Études Biologiques de Chizé, UMR 7372 CNRS-La Rochelle Université, 79360 Villiers en Bois, France
- CNRS, ECOBIO [(Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution)] - UMR 6553, University of Rennes, Rennes, France
| | - Adrien Pajot
- Centre d’Études Biologiques de Chizé, UMR 7372 CNRS-La Rochelle Université, 79360 Villiers en Bois, France
| | - Samantha C. Patrick
- School of Environmental Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX, UK
| | - Julien Collet
- Centre d’Études Biologiques de Chizé, UMR 7372 CNRS-La Rochelle Université, 79360 Villiers en Bois, France
- Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1, UK
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12
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Birukov A, Plavša B, Eichelmann F, Kuxhaus O, Hoshi RA, Rudman N, Štambuk T, Trbojević-Akmačić I, Schiborn C, Morze J, Mihelčić M, Cindrić A, Liu Y, Demler O, Perola M, Mora S, Schulze MB, Lauc G, Wittenbecher C. Immunoglobulin G N-Glycosylation Signatures in Incident Type 2 Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease. Diabetes Care 2022; 45:2729-2736. [PMID: 36174116 PMCID: PMC9679264 DOI: 10.2337/dc22-0833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE N-glycosylation is a functional posttranslational modification of immunoglobulins (Igs). We hypothesized that specific IgG N-glycans are associated with incident type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease (CVD). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We performed case-cohort studies within the population-based European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)-Potsdam cohort (2,127 in the type 2 diabetes subcohort [741 incident cases]; 2,175 in the CVD subcohort [417 myocardial infarction and stroke cases]). Relative abundances of 24 IgG N-glycan peaks (IgG-GPs) were measured by ultraperformance liquid chromatography, and eight glycosylation traits were derived based on structural similarity. End point-associated IgG-GPs were preselected with fractional polynomials, and prospective associations were estimated in confounder-adjusted Cox models. Diabetes risk associations were validated in three independent studies. RESULTS After adjustment for confounders and multiple testing correction, IgG-GP7, IgG-GP8, IgG-GP9, IgG-GP11, and IgG-GP19 were associated with type 2 diabetes risk. A score based on these IgG-GPs was associated with a higher diabetes risk in EPIC-Potsdam and independent validation studies (843 total cases, 3,149 total non-cases, pooled estimate per SD increase 1.50 [95% CI 1.37-1.64]). Associations of IgG-GPs with CVD risk differed between men and women. In women, IgG-GP9 was inversely associated with CVD risk (hazard ratio [HR] per SD 0.80 [95% CI 0.65-0.98]). In men, a weighted score based on IgG-GP19 and IgG-GP23 was associated with higher CVD risk (HR per SD 1.47 [95% CI 1.20-1.80]). In addition, several derived traits were associated with cardiometabolic disease incidence. CONCLUSIONS Selected IgG N-glycans are associated with cardiometabolic risk beyond classic risk factors, including clinical biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Birukov
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbrücke, Nuthetal, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Branimir Plavša
- University of Zagreb Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Fabian Eichelmann
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbrücke, Nuthetal, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Olga Kuxhaus
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbrücke, Nuthetal, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Rosangela Akemi Hoshi
- Center for Lipid Metabolomics, Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Najda Rudman
- University of Zagreb Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | | | - Catarina Schiborn
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbrücke, Nuthetal, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Jakub Morze
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
- Department of Cardiology and Internal Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury, Olsztyn, Poland
| | | | - Ana Cindrić
- Genos Glycoscience Research Laboratory, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Yanyan Liu
- Center for Lipid Metabolomics, Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Olga Demler
- Center for Lipid Metabolomics, Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Computer Science Department, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Markus Perola
- Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Helsinki, Finland
- Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Samia Mora
- Center for Lipid Metabolomics, Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Matthias B. Schulze
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbrücke, Nuthetal, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Gordan Lauc
- University of Zagreb Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Zagreb, Croatia
- Genos Glycoscience Research Laboratory, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Clemens Wittenbecher
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbrücke, Nuthetal, Germany
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
- SciLifeLab, Division of Food Science and Nutrition, Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
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13
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de Jong WJJ, El Moumni M, Wendt KW, Nijsten MW, Hulscher JBF. Utility of liver and intestinal fatty acid-binding proteins in diagnosing intra-abdominal injury in adult trauma patients: prospective clinical trial. Br J Surg 2022; 109:796-799. [PMID: 35583155 PMCID: PMC10364720 DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znac117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Willem J J de Jong
- Correspondence to: Willem J. J. de Jong, Department of Surgery UMCG, HPC BA20, Postbus 30.001, 9700 RB, Groningen, the Netherlands (e-mail: )
| | - Mostafa El Moumni
- Department of Surgery, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Klaus W Wendt
- Department of Surgery, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Maarten W Nijsten
- Department of Critical Care, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Jan B F Hulscher
- Department of Surgery, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
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14
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Reshetnyak G, Jacobs JM, Auguy F, Sciallano C, Claude L, Medina C, Perez-Quintero AL, Comte A, Thomas E, Bogdanove A, Koebnik R, Szurek B, Dievart A, Brugidou C, Lacombe S, Cunnac S. An atypical class of non-coding small RNAs is produced in rice leaves upon bacterial infection. Sci Rep 2021; 11:24141. [PMID: 34921170 PMCID: PMC8683429 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-03391-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-coding small RNAs (sRNA) act as mediators of gene silencing and regulate plant growth, development and stress responses. Early insights into plant sRNAs established a role in antiviral defense and they are now extensively studied across plant-microbe interactions. Here, sRNA sequencing discovered a class of sRNA in rice (Oryza sativa) specifically associated with foliar diseases caused by Xanthomonas oryzae bacteria. Xanthomonas-induced small RNAs (xisRNAs) loci were distinctively upregulated in response to diverse virulent strains at an early stage of infection producing a single duplex of 20-22 nt sRNAs. xisRNAs production was dependent on the Type III secretion system, a major bacterial virulence factor for host colonization. xisRNA loci overlap with annotated transcripts sequences, with about half of them encoding protein kinase domain proteins. A number of the corresponding rice cis-genes have documented functions in immune signaling and xisRNA loci predominantly coincide with the coding sequence of a conserved kinase motif. xisRNAs exhibit features of small interfering RNAs and their biosynthesis depend on canonical components OsDCL1 and OsHEN1. xisRNA induction possibly mediates post-transcriptional gene silencing but they do not broadly suppress cis-genes expression on the basis of mRNA-seq data. Overall, our results identify a group of unusual sRNAs with a potential role in plant-microbe interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ganna Reshetnyak
- PHIM Plant Health Institute, Univ Montpellier, IRD, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, France
| | - Jonathan M Jacobs
- PHIM Plant Health Institute, Univ Montpellier, IRD, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, France
- Department of Plant Pathology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43201, USA
- Infectious Disease Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43201, USA
| | - Florence Auguy
- PHIM Plant Health Institute, Univ Montpellier, IRD, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, France
| | - Coline Sciallano
- PHIM Plant Health Institute, Univ Montpellier, IRD, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, France
| | - Lisa Claude
- PHIM Plant Health Institute, Univ Montpellier, IRD, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, France
| | - Clemence Medina
- PHIM Plant Health Institute, Univ Montpellier, IRD, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, France
| | - Alvaro L Perez-Quintero
- PHIM Plant Health Institute, Univ Montpellier, IRD, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, France
| | - Aurore Comte
- PHIM Plant Health Institute, Univ Montpellier, IRD, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, France
| | - Emilie Thomas
- PHIM Plant Health Institute, Univ Montpellier, IRD, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, France
| | - Adam Bogdanove
- Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Ralf Koebnik
- PHIM Plant Health Institute, Univ Montpellier, IRD, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, France
| | - Boris Szurek
- PHIM Plant Health Institute, Univ Montpellier, IRD, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, France
| | - Anne Dievart
- UMR AGAP Institut, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, 34398, Montpellier, France
- CIRAD, UMR AGAP Institut, 34398, Montpellier, France
| | - Christophe Brugidou
- PHIM Plant Health Institute, Univ Montpellier, IRD, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, France
| | - Severine Lacombe
- PHIM Plant Health Institute, Univ Montpellier, IRD, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, France
| | - Sebastien Cunnac
- PHIM Plant Health Institute, Univ Montpellier, IRD, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, France.
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15
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Keep T, Rouet S, Blanco-Pastor JL, Barre P, Ruttink T, Dehmer KJ, Hegarty M, Ledauphin T, Litrico I, Muylle H, Roldán-Ruiz I, Surault F, Veron R, Willner E, Sampoux JP. Inter-annual and spatial climatic variability have led to a balance between local fluctuating selection and wide-range directional selection in a perennial grass species. Ann Bot 2021; 128:357-369. [PMID: 33949648 PMCID: PMC8389464 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcab057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The persistence of a plant population under a specific local climatic regime requires phenotypic adaptation with underlying particular combinations of alleles at adaptive loci. The level of allele diversity at adaptive loci within a natural plant population conditions its potential to evolve, notably towards adaptation to a change in climate. Investigating the environmental factors that contribute to the maintenance of adaptive diversity in populations is thus worthwhile. Within-population allele diversity at adaptive loci can be partly driven by the mean climate at the population site but also by its temporal variability. METHODS The effects of climate temporal mean and variability on within-population allele diversity at putatively adaptive quantitative trait loci (QTLs) were evaluated using 385 natural populations of Lolium perenne (perennial ryegrass) collected right across Europe. For seven adaptive traits related to reproductive phenology and vegetative potential growth seasonality, the average within-population allele diversity at major QTLs (HeA) was computed. KEY RESULTS Significant relationships were found between HeA of these traits and the temporal mean and variability of the local climate. These relationships were consistent with functional ecology theory. CONCLUSIONS Results indicated that temporal variability of local climate has likely led to fluctuating directional selection, which has contributed to the maintenance of allele diversity at adaptive loci and thus potential for further adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Keep
- INRAE, Centre Nouvelle-Aquitaine-Poitiers, UR4 (UR P3F), F-86600 Lusignan, France
| | - S Rouet
- INRAE, Centre Nouvelle-Aquitaine-Poitiers, UR4 (UR P3F), F-86600 Lusignan, France
| | - J L Blanco-Pastor
- INRAE, Centre Nouvelle-Aquitaine-Poitiers, UR4 (UR P3F), F-86600 Lusignan, France
| | - P Barre
- INRAE, Centre Nouvelle-Aquitaine-Poitiers, UR4 (UR P3F), F-86600 Lusignan, France
| | - T Ruttink
- Flanders Research Institute for Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (ILVO) - Plant Sciences Unit, Caritasstraat 39, 9090 Melle, Belgium
| | - K J Dehmer
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Inselstr. 9, 23999 Malchow/Poel, Germany
| | - M Hegarty
- IBERS-Aberystwyth University, Plas Goggerdan, Aberystwyth, UK
| | - T Ledauphin
- INRAE, Centre Nouvelle-Aquitaine-Poitiers, UR4 (UR P3F), F-86600 Lusignan, France
| | - I Litrico
- INRAE, Centre Nouvelle-Aquitaine-Poitiers, UR4 (UR P3F), F-86600 Lusignan, France
| | - H Muylle
- Flanders Research Institute for Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (ILVO) - Plant Sciences Unit, Caritasstraat 39, 9090 Melle, Belgium
| | - I Roldán-Ruiz
- Flanders Research Institute for Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (ILVO) - Plant Sciences Unit, Caritasstraat 39, 9090 Melle, Belgium
| | - F Surault
- INRAE, Centre Nouvelle-Aquitaine-Poitiers, UR4 (UR P3F), F-86600 Lusignan, France
| | - R Veron
- INRAE, Centre Nouvelle-Aquitaine-Poitiers, UR4 (UR P3F), F-86600 Lusignan, France
| | - E Willner
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Inselstr. 9, 23999 Malchow/Poel, Germany
| | - J P Sampoux
- INRAE, Centre Nouvelle-Aquitaine-Poitiers, UR4 (UR P3F), F-86600 Lusignan, France
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16
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Amicucci C, D’Andrea C, de Angelis M, Banchelli M, Pini R, Matteini P. Cost Effective Silver Nanowire-Decorated Graphene Paper for Drop-On SERS Biodetection. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2021; 11:1495. [PMID: 34200106 PMCID: PMC8229787 DOI: 10.3390/nano11061495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The use of SERS for real-world bioanalytical applications represents a concrete opportunity, which, however, is being largely delayed by the inadequacy of existing substrates used to collect SERS spectra. In particular, the main bottleneck is their poor usability, as in the case of unsupported noble metal colloidal nanoparticles or because of the need for complex or highly specialized fabrication procedures, especially in view of a large-scale commercial diffusion. In this work, we introduce a graphene paper-supported plasmonic substrate for biodetection as obtained by a simple and rapid aerosol deposition patterning of silver nanowires. This substrate is compatible with the analysis of small (2 μL) analyte drops, providing stable SERS signals at sub-millimolar concentration and a detection limit down to the nanogram level in the case of hemoglobin. The presence of a graphene underlayer assures an even surface distribution of SERS hotspots with improved stability of the SERS signal, the collection of well-resolved and intense SERS spectra, and an ultra-flat and photostable SERS background in comparison with other popular disposable supports.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Amicucci
- “Nello Carrara” Institute of Applied Physics (IFAC), Italian National Research Council (CNR), Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy; (C.A.); (C.D.); (M.d.A.); (M.B.); (R.P.)
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Florence, Via Santa Marta 3, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Cristiano D’Andrea
- “Nello Carrara” Institute of Applied Physics (IFAC), Italian National Research Council (CNR), Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy; (C.A.); (C.D.); (M.d.A.); (M.B.); (R.P.)
| | - Marella de Angelis
- “Nello Carrara” Institute of Applied Physics (IFAC), Italian National Research Council (CNR), Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy; (C.A.); (C.D.); (M.d.A.); (M.B.); (R.P.)
| | - Martina Banchelli
- “Nello Carrara” Institute of Applied Physics (IFAC), Italian National Research Council (CNR), Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy; (C.A.); (C.D.); (M.d.A.); (M.B.); (R.P.)
| | - Roberto Pini
- “Nello Carrara” Institute of Applied Physics (IFAC), Italian National Research Council (CNR), Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy; (C.A.); (C.D.); (M.d.A.); (M.B.); (R.P.)
| | - Paolo Matteini
- “Nello Carrara” Institute of Applied Physics (IFAC), Italian National Research Council (CNR), Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy; (C.A.); (C.D.); (M.d.A.); (M.B.); (R.P.)
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Sharapov SZ, Shadrina AS, Tsepilov YA, Elgaeva EE, Tiys ES, Feoktistova SG, Zaytseva OO, Vuckovic F, Cuadrat R, Jäger S, Wittenbecher C, Karssen LC, Timofeeva M, Tillin T, Trbojević-Akmačić I, Štambuk T, Rudman N, Krištić J, Šimunović J, Momčilović A, Vilaj M, Jurić J, Slana A, Gudelj I, Klarić T, Puljak L, Skelin A, Kadić AJ, Van Zundert J, Chaturvedi N, Campbell H, Dunlop M, Farrington SM, Doherty M, Dagostino C, Gieger C, Allegri M, Williams F, Schulze MB, Lauc G, Aulchenko YS. Replication of 15 loci involved in human plasma protein N-glycosylation in 4802 samples from four cohorts. Glycobiology 2021; 31:82-88. [PMID: 32521004 PMCID: PMC7874387 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwaa053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Revised: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Human protein glycosylation is a complex process, and its in vivo regulation is poorly understood. Changes in glycosylation patterns are associated with many human diseases and conditions. Understanding the biological determinants of protein glycome provides a basis for future diagnostic and therapeutic applications. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) allow to study biology via a hypothesis-free search of loci and genetic variants associated with a trait of interest. Sixteen loci were identified by three previous GWAS of human plasma proteome N-glycosylation. However, the possibility that some of these loci are false positives needs to be eliminated by replication studies, which have been limited so far. Here, we use the largest set of samples so far (4802 individuals) to replicate the previously identified loci. For all but one locus, the expected replication power exceeded 95%. Of the 16 loci reported previously, 15 were replicated in our study. For the remaining locus (near the KREMEN1 gene), the replication power was low, and hence, replication results were inconclusive. The very high replication rate highlights the general robustness of the GWAS findings as well as the high standards adopted by the community that studies genetic regulation of protein glycosylation. The 15 replicated loci present a good target for further functional studies. Among these, eight loci contain genes encoding glycosyltransferases: MGAT5, B3GAT1, FUT8, FUT6, ST6GAL1, B4GALT1, ST3GAL4 and MGAT3. The remaining seven loci offer starting points for further functional follow-up investigation into molecules and mechanisms that regulate human protein N-glycosylation in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sodbo Zh Sharapov
- Laboratory of Glycogenomics, Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Prospekt Akademika Lavrent'yeva, 10, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
| | - Alexandra S Shadrina
- Laboratory of Glycogenomics, Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Prospekt Akademika Lavrent'yeva, 10, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
| | - Yakov A Tsepilov
- Laboratory of Theoretical and Applied Functional Genomics, Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova 1, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
- Laboratory of Recombination and Segregation Analysis, Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Prospekt Akademika Lavrent'yeva, 10, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
| | - Elizaveta E Elgaeva
- Laboratory of Glycogenomics, Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Prospekt Akademika Lavrent'yeva, 10, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
| | - Evgeny S Tiys
- Laboratory of Glycogenomics, Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Prospekt Akademika Lavrent'yeva, 10, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
| | - Sofya G Feoktistova
- Laboratory of Glycogenomics, Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Prospekt Akademika Lavrent'yeva, 10, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
| | - Olga O Zaytseva
- Genos Glycoscience Research Laboratory, Borongajska cesta 83h, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Frano Vuckovic
- Genos Glycoscience Research Laboratory, Borongajska cesta 83h, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Rafael Cuadrat
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam- Rehbruecke, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Susanne Jäger
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam- Rehbruecke, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), ngolstädter Landstraβe 1, Neuherberg, 85764, Germany
| | - Clemens Wittenbecher
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam- Rehbruecke, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), ngolstädter Landstraβe 1, Neuherberg, 85764, Germany
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | | | - Maria Timofeeva
- Colon Cancer Genetics Group, Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Medical Research Council Institute of Genetics & Molecular Medicine, Western General Hospital, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
- D-IAS, Danish Institute for Advanced Study, Department of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, , J.B. Winsløws Vej 9, DK-5000 Odense C, Denmark
| | - Therese Tillin
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health & Ageing University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | | | - Tamara Štambuk
- Genos Glycoscience Research Laboratory, Borongajska cesta 83h, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Najda Rudman
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, 10000, Croatia
| | - Jasminka Krištić
- Genos Glycoscience Research Laboratory, Borongajska cesta 83h, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Jelena Šimunović
- Genos Glycoscience Research Laboratory, Borongajska cesta 83h, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ana Momčilović
- Genos Glycoscience Research Laboratory, Borongajska cesta 83h, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Marija Vilaj
- Genos Glycoscience Research Laboratory, Borongajska cesta 83h, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Julija Jurić
- Genos Glycoscience Research Laboratory, Borongajska cesta 83h, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Anita Slana
- Genos Glycoscience Research Laboratory, Borongajska cesta 83h, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ivan Gudelj
- Genos Glycoscience Research Laboratory, Borongajska cesta 83h, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Thomas Klarić
- Genos Glycoscience Research Laboratory, Borongajska cesta 83h, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Livia Puljak
- Catholic University of Croatia, Ilica, 242 Zagreb, 10000, Croatia
| | - Andrea Skelin
- Genos Glycoscience Research Laboratory, Borongajska cesta 83h, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
- St. Catherine Specialty Hospital, 10000 Zagreb & 49210, Zabok, Croatia
| | - Antonia Jeličić Kadić
- University Hospital Center Split, Department of Pediatrics, Spinčićeva ul. 1, Split, 21000, Croatia
| | - Jan Van Zundert
- Department of Anesthesiology and Multidisciplinary Paincentre, ZOL, Genk/Lanaken, Belgium
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Centre, P. Debyelaan 25, Maastricht, 6229 HX, The Netherlands
| | - Nishi Chaturvedi
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health & Ageing University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Harry Campbell
- Colon Cancer Genetics Group, Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Medical Research Council Institute of Genetics & Molecular Medicine, Western General Hospital, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
- Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9AG, UK
| | - Malcolm Dunlop
- Colon Cancer Genetics Group, Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Medical Research Council Institute of Genetics & Molecular Medicine, Western General Hospital, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Susan M Farrington
- Colon Cancer Genetics Group, Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Medical Research Council Institute of Genetics & Molecular Medicine, Western General Hospital, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Margaret Doherty
- Institute of Technology Sligo, Department of Life Sciences, Ash Ln, Bellanode, Sligo, F91 YW50, Ireland
- National Institute for Bioprocessing Research & Training, 24 Foster’s Ave, Belfield, Blackrock, Co.,Dublin, A94 X099, Ireland
| | - Concetta Dagostino
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43126 Parma, Italy
| | - Christian Gieger
- Institute of Epidemiology II, Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Centre Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Massimo Allegri
- Pain Therapy Department Policlinico Monza Hospital, 20090 Monza, Italy
| | - Frances Williams
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, School of Life Course Sciences, King’s College London, St Thomas’ Campus, Lambeth Palace Road, London SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Matthias B Schulze
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam- Rehbruecke, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), ngolstädter Landstraβe 1, Neuherberg, 85764, Germany
- Institute of Nutrition Science, University of Potsdam, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Gordan Lauc
- Genos Glycoscience Research Laboratory, Borongajska cesta 83h, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Yurii S Aulchenko
- Laboratory of Glycogenomics, Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Prospekt Akademika Lavrent'yeva, 10, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
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Cattin L, Louarn G, Morsli M, Bernède JC. Semi-Transparent Organic Photovoltaic Cells with Dielectric/Metal/Dielectric Top Electrode: Influence of the Metal on Their Performances. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2021; 11:393. [PMID: 33557016 PMCID: PMC7913718 DOI: 10.3390/nano11020393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
In order to grow semi-transparent organic photovoltaic cells (OPVs), multilayer dielectric/metal/dielectric (D/M/D) structures are used as a transparent top electrode in inverted OPVs. Two different electrodes are probed, MoO3/Ag/MoO3 and MoO3/Ag/Cu:Ag/ZnS. Both of them exhibit high transmission in visible and small sheet resistance. Semi-transparent inverted OPVs using these electrodes as the top anode are probed. The active organic layers consist in the SubPc/C60 couple. The dependence of the OPV performances on the top electrode was investigated. The results show that far better results are achieved when the top anode MoO3/Ag/MoO3 is used. The OPV efficiency obtained was only 20% smaller in comparison with the opaque OPV, but with a transparency of nearly 50% in a broad range of the visible light (400-600 nm). In the case of MoO3/Ag/Cu:Ag/ZnS top anode, the small efficiency obtained is due to the presence of some Cu diffusion in the MoO3 layer, which degrades the contact anode/organic material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Cattin
- Institut des Matériaux Jean Rouxel (IMN), Université de Nantes, CNRS, UMR 6502, 2 rue de la Houssinière, BP 92208, F-44322 Nantes, France;
| | - Guy Louarn
- Institut des Matériaux Jean Rouxel (IMN), Université de Nantes, CNRS, UMR 6502, 2 rue de la Houssinière, BP 92208, F-44322 Nantes, France;
| | - Mustapha Morsli
- Faculté des Sciences et des Techniques, Université de Nantes, 2 rue de la Houssinière, BP 92208, F-44000 Nantes, France;
| | - Jean Christian Bernède
- MOLTECH-Anjou, CNRS, UMR 6200, Université de Nantes, 2 rue de la Houssinière, BP 92208, F-44322 Nantes, France
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Jäger S, Cuadrat R, Wittenbecher C, Floegel A, Hoffmann P, Prehn C, Adamski J, Pischon T, Schulze MB. Mendelian Randomization Study on Amino Acid Metabolism Suggests Tyrosine as Causal Trait for Type 2 Diabetes. Nutrients 2020; 12:E3890. [PMID: 33352682 PMCID: PMC7766372 DOI: 10.3390/nu12123890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Circulating levels of branched-chain amino acids, glycine, or aromatic amino acids have been associated with risk of type 2 diabetes. However, whether those associations reflect causal relationships or are rather driven by early processes of disease development is unclear. We selected diabetes-related amino acid ratios based on metabolic network structures and investigated causal effects of these ratios and single amino acids on the risk of type 2 diabetes in two-sample Mendelian randomization studies. Selection of genetic instruments for amino acid traits relied on genome-wide association studies in a representative sub-cohort (up to 2265 participants) of the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)-Potsdam Study and public data from genome-wide association studies on single amino acids. For the selected instruments, outcome associations were drawn from the DIAGRAM (DIAbetes Genetics Replication And Meta-analysis, 74,124 cases and 824,006 controls) consortium. Mendelian randomization results indicate an inverse association for a per standard deviation increase in ln-transformed tyrosine/methionine ratio with type 2 diabetes (OR = 0.87 (0.81-0.93)). Multivariable Mendelian randomization revealed inverse association for higher log10-transformed tyrosine levels with type 2 diabetes (OR = 0.19 (0.04-0.88)), independent of other amino acids. Tyrosine might be a causal trait for type 2 diabetes independent of other diabetes-associated amino acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Jäger
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany; (R.C.); (C.W.); (M.B.S.)
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85764 Neuherberg, Germany;
| | - Rafael Cuadrat
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany; (R.C.); (C.W.); (M.B.S.)
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85764 Neuherberg, Germany;
| | - Clemens Wittenbecher
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany; (R.C.); (C.W.); (M.B.S.)
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85764 Neuherberg, Germany;
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Anna Floegel
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology-BIPS, 28359 Bremen, Germany;
| | - Per Hoffmann
- Human Genomics Research Group, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland;
- Institute of Human Genetics, Division of Genomics, Life & Brain Research Centre, University Hospital of Bonn, 53105 Bonn, Germany
| | - Cornelia Prehn
- Research Unit Molecular Endocrinology and Metabolism, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany;
| | - Jerzy Adamski
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85764 Neuherberg, Germany;
- Research Unit Molecular Endocrinology and Metabolism, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany;
- Chair of Experimental Genetics, Center of Life and Food Sciences Weihenstephan, Technische Universität München, 85354 Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 8 Medical Drive, Singapore 117597, Singapore
| | - Tobias Pischon
- Molecular Epidemiology Research Group, Max Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), 13125 Berlin, Germany;
- Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), 10117 Berlin, Germany
- MDC/BIH Biobank, Max Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC) and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Matthias B. Schulze
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany; (R.C.); (C.W.); (M.B.S.)
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85764 Neuherberg, Germany;
- Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany
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Boudon F, Persello S, Jestin A, Briand AS, Grechi I, Fernique P, Guédon Y, Léchaudel M, Lauri PÉ, Normand F. V-Mango: a functional-structural model of mango tree growth, development and fruit production. Ann Bot 2020; 126:745-763. [PMID: 32391865 PMCID: PMC7489065 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcaa089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Mango (Mangifera indica L.) is the fifth most widely produced fruit in the world. Its cultivation, mainly in tropical and sub-tropical regions, raises a number of issues such as the irregular fruit production across years, phenological asynchronisms that lead to long periods of pest and disease susceptibility, and the heterogeneity of fruit quality and maturity at harvest. To address these issues, we developed an integrative functional-structural plant model that synthesizes knowledge about the vegetative and reproductive development of the mango tree and opens up the possible simulation of cultivation practices. METHODS We designed a model of architectural development in order to precisely characterize the intricate developmental processes of the mango tree. The appearance of botanical entities was decomposed into elementary stochastic events describing occurrence, intensity and timing of development. These events were determined by structural (position and fate of botanical entities) and temporal (appearance dates) factors. Daily growth and development of growth units and inflorescences were modelled using empirical distributions and thermal time. Fruit growth was determined using an ecophysiological model that simulated carbon- and water-related processes at the fruiting branch scale. KEY RESULTS The model simulates the dynamics of the population of growth units, inflorescences and fruits at the tree scale during a growing cycle. Modelling the effects of structural and temporal factors makes it possible to simulate satisfactorily the complex interplays between vegetative and reproductive development. The model allowed the characterization of the susceptibility of mango tree to pests and the investigatation of the influence of tree architecture on fruit growth. CONCLUSIONS This integrative functional-structural model simulates mango tree vegetative and reproductive development over successive growing cycles, allowing a precise characterization of tree phenology and fruit growth and production. The next step is to integrate the effects of cultivation practices, such as pruning, into the model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frédéric Boudon
- CIRAD, UMR AGAP, 34098 Montpellier, France
- AGAP, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, France
| | - Séverine Persello
- CIRAD, UMR AGAP, 34098 Montpellier, France
- AGAP, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, France
- CIRAD, UPR HortSys, 97455 Saint-Pierre, La Réunion,France
- HortSys, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, Montpellier, France
| | - Alexandra Jestin
- CIRAD, UMR AGAP, 34098 Montpellier, France
- AGAP, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, France
- CIRAD, UPR HortSys, 97455 Saint-Pierre, La Réunion,France
- HortSys, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, Montpellier, France
| | - Anne-Sarah Briand
- CIRAD, UMR AGAP, 34098 Montpellier, France
- AGAP, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, France
- CIRAD, UPR HortSys, 97455 Saint-Pierre, La Réunion,France
- HortSys, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, Montpellier, France
| | - Isabelle Grechi
- CIRAD, UPR HortSys, 97455 Saint-Pierre, La Réunion,France
- HortSys, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, Montpellier, France
| | - Pierre Fernique
- CIRAD, UMR AGAP, 34098 Montpellier, France
- AGAP, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, France
| | - Yann Guédon
- CIRAD, UMR AGAP, 34098 Montpellier, France
- AGAP, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, France
| | - Mathieu Léchaudel
- CIRAD, UMR QualiSud, 97130 Capesterre-Belle-Eau, Guadeloupe, France
- Qualisud, Univ Montpellier, Avignon Université, CIRAD, Institut Agro, Université de La Réunion, Montpellier, France
| | - Pierre-Éric Lauri
- UMR ABSys, INRAE, CIRAD, CIHEAM-IAMM, Institut Agro, Univ Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Frédéric Normand
- CIRAD, UPR HortSys, 97455 Saint-Pierre, La Réunion,France
- HortSys, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, Montpellier, France
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Godočiková L, Ivanišová E, Zaguła G, Noguera-Artiaga L, Carbonell-Barrachina ÁA, Kowalczewski PŁ, Kačániová M. Antioxidant Activities and Volatile Flavor Components of Selected Single-Origin and Blend Chocolates. Molecules 2020; 25:E3648. [PMID: 32796548 PMCID: PMC7463549 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25163648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The biological activity of chocolates gains more and more attention of consumers. Its antioxidant properties depend, among other factors, mainly on the origin of cocoa and the characteristics that this origin gives to the final product. Therefore, the aim of the study was to measure and compare the total content of polyphenols, antioxidant activity, and key odorants of commercial chocolates made from blend cocoa with single-origin ones. The highest content of polyphenols was found in 90% blend cocoa chocolate and single-origin samples, while the lowest content was exhibited by 100% chocolate from blend cocoa mass. The highest antioxidant activity measured by 2,2'-Azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays was observed in the sample of chocolate with 90% cocoa solids from blend mass, followed by single-origin chocolates. A high positive correlation between ABTS assay and the total polyphenol and phenolic acids' content, as well as among the total content of polyphenols, flavonoids, and phenolic acids was found. Mineral composition analysis showed that dark chocolate is a valuable source of some elements, especially Mg, Fe, and Zn. Potentially toxic elements were not detected or below permitted limits. Moreover, it was noticed that the main volatile compound in all tested samples was acetic acid, but pyrazines were considered the most important group of chocolate odorants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Godočiková
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 94976 Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Eva Ivanišová
- Department of Technology and Quality of Plant Products, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 94976 Nitra, Slovakia;
| | - Grzegorz Zaguła
- Department of Bioenergy, Food Technology and Microbiology, Institute of Food Technology and Nutrition, University of Rzeszow, Cwiklinskiej 1, 35601 Rzeszow, Poland; (G.Z.); (M.K.)
| | - Luis Noguera-Artiaga
- Research Group “Food Quality and Safety”, Department of Agro-Food Technology, Miguel Hernández University of Elche, Carretera de Beniel, km 3.2, 03312 Orihuela, Alicante, Spain; (L.N.-A.); (Á.A.C.-B.)
| | - Ángel A. Carbonell-Barrachina
- Research Group “Food Quality and Safety”, Department of Agro-Food Technology, Miguel Hernández University of Elche, Carretera de Beniel, km 3.2, 03312 Orihuela, Alicante, Spain; (L.N.-A.); (Á.A.C.-B.)
| | - Przemysław Łukasz Kowalczewski
- Institute of Food Technology of Plant Origin, Poznań University of Life Sciences, 31 Wojska Polskiego St., 60-624 Poznań, Poland;
| | - Miroslava Kačániová
- Department of Bioenergy, Food Technology and Microbiology, Institute of Food Technology and Nutrition, University of Rzeszow, Cwiklinskiej 1, 35601 Rzeszow, Poland; (G.Z.); (M.K.)
- Department of Fruit Sciences, Viticulture and Enology, Faculty of Horticulture and Landscape Engineering, Slovak University of Agriculture, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 94976 Nitra, Slovakia
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Jäger S, Cuadrat R, Hoffmann P, Wittenbecher C, Schulze MB. Desaturase Activity and the Risk of Type 2 Diabetes and Coronary Artery Disease: A Mendelian Randomization Study. Nutrients 2020; 12:E2261. [PMID: 32731631 PMCID: PMC7469057 DOI: 10.3390/nu12082261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Estimated Δ5-desaturase (D5D) and Δ6-desaturase (D6D) are key enzymes in metabolism of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and have been associated with cardiometabolic risk; however, causality needs to be clarified. We applied two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) approach using a representative sub-cohort of the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)-Potsdam Study and public data from DIAbetes Genetics Replication And Meta-analysis (DIAGRAM) and Coronary ARtery DIsease Genome wide Replication and Meta-analysis (CARDIoGRAM) genome-wide association studies (GWAS). Furthermore, we addressed confounding by linkage disequilibrium (LD) as all instruments from FADS1 (encoding D5D) are in LD with FADS2 (encoding D6D) variants. Our univariable MRs revealed risk-increasing total effects of both, D6D and D5D on type 2 diabetes (T2DM) risk; and risk-increasing total effect of D6D on risk of coronary artery disease (CAD). The multivariable MR approach could not unambiguously allocate a direct causal effect to either of the individual desaturases. Our results suggest that D6D is causally linked to cardiometabolic risk, which is likely due to downstream production of fatty acids and products resulting from high D6D activity. For D5D, we found indication for causal effects on T2DM and CAD, which could, however, still be confounded by LD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Jäger
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany; (S.J.); (R.C.); (C.W.)
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Rafael Cuadrat
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany; (S.J.); (R.C.); (C.W.)
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Per Hoffmann
- Human Genomics Research Group, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland;
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, School of Medicine & University Hospital Bonn, 53105 Bonn, Germany
| | - Clemens Wittenbecher
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany; (S.J.); (R.C.); (C.W.)
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Matthias B. Schulze
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany; (S.J.); (R.C.); (C.W.)
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany
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23
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Paschalis A, Fatichi S, Zscheischler J, Ciais P, Bahn M, Boysen L, Chang J, De Kauwe M, Estiarte M, Goll D, Hanson PJ, Harper AB, Hou E, Kigel J, Knapp AK, Larsen KS, Li W, Lienert S, Luo Y, Meir P, Nabel JEMS, Ogaya R, Parolari AJ, Peng C, Peñuelas J, Pongratz J, Rambal S, Schmidt IK, Shi H, Sternberg M, Tian H, Tschumi E, Ukkola A, Vicca S, Viovy N, Wang YP, Wang Z, Williams K, Wu D, Zhu Q. Rainfall manipulation experiments as simulated by terrestrial biosphere models: Where do we stand? Glob Chang Biol 2020; 26:3336-3355. [PMID: 32012402 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.15024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Changes in rainfall amounts and patterns have been observed and are expected to continue in the near future with potentially significant ecological and societal consequences. Modelling vegetation responses to changes in rainfall is thus crucial to project water and carbon cycles in the future. In this study, we present the results of a new model-data intercomparison project, where we tested the ability of 10 terrestrial biosphere models to reproduce the observed sensitivity of ecosystem productivity to rainfall changes at 10 sites across the globe, in nine of which, rainfall exclusion and/or irrigation experiments had been performed. The key results are as follows: (a) Inter-model variation is generally large and model agreement varies with timescales. In severely water-limited sites, models only agree on the interannual variability of evapotranspiration and to a smaller extent on gross primary productivity. In more mesic sites, model agreement for both water and carbon fluxes is typically higher on fine (daily-monthly) timescales and reduces on longer (seasonal-annual) scales. (b) Models on average overestimate the relationship between ecosystem productivity and mean rainfall amounts across sites (in space) and have a low capacity in reproducing the temporal (interannual) sensitivity of vegetation productivity to annual rainfall at a given site, even though observation uncertainty is comparable to inter-model variability. (c) Most models reproduced the sign of the observed patterns in productivity changes in rainfall manipulation experiments but had a low capacity in reproducing the observed magnitude of productivity changes. Models better reproduced the observed productivity responses due to rainfall exclusion than addition. (d) All models attribute ecosystem productivity changes to the intensity of vegetation stress and peak leaf area, whereas the impact of the change in growing season length is negligible. The relative contribution of the peak leaf area and vegetation stress intensity was highly variable among models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Athanasios Paschalis
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Simone Fatichi
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jakob Zscheischler
- Climate and Environmental Physics, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Oeschger Centre for Climate Change Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Philippe Ciais
- Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement, Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - Michael Bahn
- Department of Ecology, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Lena Boysen
- Max Planck Institute for Meteorology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jinfeng Chang
- Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement, Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - Martin De Kauwe
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Climate Extremes, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Marc Estiarte
- CSIC, Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC-UAB, Bellaterra, Catalonia, Spain
- CREAF, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Daniel Goll
- Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement, Gif sur Yvette, France
- Department of Geography, University of Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany
| | - Paul J Hanson
- Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA
| | - Anna B Harper
- Department of Mathematics, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Enqing Hou
- Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, USA
| | - Jaime Kigel
- Institute for Plant Sciences and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Alan K Knapp
- Graduate Degree Program in Ecology, Department of Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Klaus S Larsen
- Department of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Wei Li
- Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement, Gif sur Yvette, France
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth System Modeling, Department of Earth System Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Sebastian Lienert
- Climate and Environmental Physics, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Oeschger Centre for Climate Change Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Yiqi Luo
- Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, USA
| | - Patrick Meir
- Research School of Biology, Australian National University, Acton, ACT, Australia
- School of Geosciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | | | - Romà Ogaya
- CSIC, Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC-UAB, Bellaterra, Catalonia, Spain
- CREAF, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Anthony J Parolari
- Department of Civil, Construction, and Environmental Engineering, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Changhui Peng
- Department of Biology Sciences, University of Quebec at Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Josep Peñuelas
- CSIC, Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC-UAB, Bellaterra, Catalonia, Spain
- CREAF, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Julia Pongratz
- Department of Geography, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munchen, Germany
| | - Serge Rambal
- Centre d'Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE), UMR5175, CNRS, Université de Montpellier, Université Paul-Valéry Montpellier, EPHE, Montpellier, France
| | - Inger K Schmidt
- Department of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Hao Shi
- International Center for Climate and Global Change Research, School of Forestry and Wildlife Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
| | - Marcelo Sternberg
- School of Plant Sciences and Food Security, Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Hanqin Tian
- International Center for Climate and Global Change Research, School of Forestry and Wildlife Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
| | - Elisabeth Tschumi
- Climate and Environmental Physics, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Oeschger Centre for Climate Change Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Anna Ukkola
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Climate Extremes, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Sara Vicca
- Centre of Excellence PLECO (Plants and Ecosystems), Biology Department, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Nicolas Viovy
- Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement, Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - Ying-Ping Wang
- CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research and Centre for Australian Weather and Climate Research, Aspendale, Vic., Australia
| | - Zhuonan Wang
- International Center for Climate and Global Change Research, School of Forestry and Wildlife Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
| | | | - Donghai Wu
- Sino-French Institute for Earth System Science, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Qiuan Zhu
- Center for Ecological Forecasting and Global Change, College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China
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Rovná K, Ivanišová E, Žiarovská J, Ferus P, Terentjeva M, Kowalczewski PŁ, Kačániová M. Characterization of Rosa canina Fruits Collected in Urban Areas of Slovakia. Genome Size, iPBS Profiles and Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities. Molecules 2020; 25:E1888. [PMID: 32325812 PMCID: PMC7221986 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25081888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Revised: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The studies of plant bacterial endophytes, colonizing the plant tissues without any signs of diseases, are essential for understanding of ecological interactions. The aim of our study is to detect microbiological contamination and to assess the antimicrobial, antioxidant activity, total phenolic, carotenoid content, genome size, and ploidy of non-cultivated Rosa canina sampled from urban areas. Samples of Rosa canina fruits were collected in three locations in Slovakia. The highest total viable count and the Enterobacteriaceae count in fruits were 4.32 log CFU/g and 4.29 log CFU/g, respectively. Counts of the mesophilic anaerobic sporulating bacteria, Pseudomonas spp., and of the microscopic fungi and yeasts were 3.00, 2.15 log CFU/g, 3.65 log CFU/g, and 2.76 log CFU/g, respectively. Regarding the antimicrobial activity, Escherichia coli and Klebsiela oxytoca were the most sensitive species among the assayed microorganisms to the treatment with the ethanolic extracts of Rosa canina fruits. The fruits were rich in bioactive compounds, polyphenols, and carotenoids, that could be related to their antioxidant activity. Genome sizes of analyzed samples ranged from 2.3 to 2.96. DNA-based fingerprinting obtained by iPBS markers of the Rosa canina var. lapidicola Heinr. Braun., was characterized by some distinctive inserted loci. An interdisciplinary study was performed for the dog roses from different parts of Slovakia that resulted in deeper characterization of this species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarína Rovná
- Department of Planting Design and Maintenance, Faculty of Horticulture and Landscape Engineering, Slovak University of Agriculture, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 94976 Nitra, Slovakia;
| | - Eva Ivanišová
- Department of Technology and Quality of Plant Products, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, SK-94976 Nitra, Slovakia;
| | - Jana Žiarovská
- Department of Plant Genetics and Breeding, Faculty of Agrobiology and Food Resources, Slovak University of Agriculture, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 94976 Nitra, Slovakia;
| | - Peter Ferus
- Department of Dendrobiology, Institute of Forest Ecology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Ľ. Štúra 2, 96053 Zvolen, Slovakia;
| | - Margarita Terentjeva
- Institute of Food and Environmental Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, K. Helmaņaiela 8, LV-3004, Jelgava, Latvia;
| | - Przemysław Łukasz Kowalczewski
- Institute of Food Technology of Plant Origin, Poznań University of Life Sciences, 31 Wojska Polskiego St., 60-624 Poznań, Poland;
| | - Miroslava Kačániová
- Department of Fruit Sciences, Viticulture and Enology, Faculty of Horticulture and Landscape Engineering, Slovak University of Agriculture, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 94976 Nitra, Slovakia
- Department of Bioenergy, Food Technology and Microbiology, Institute of Agriculture Sciences, Land Management and Environmental Protection, University of Rzeszow, 4 Zelwerowicza St., 35601 Rzeszow, Poland
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25
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Baudry J, Kopp JF, Boeing H, Kipp AP, Schwerdtle T, Schulze MB. Changes of trace element status during aging: results of the EPIC-Potsdam cohort study. Eur J Nutr 2019; 59:3045-3058. [PMID: 31786641 PMCID: PMC7501115 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-019-02143-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Purpose We aimed to evaluate age-dependent changes of six trace elements (TE) [manganese (Mn), iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), iodine (I), and selenium (Se)] over a 20-year period. Methods TE concentrations were determined using repeated serum samples taken at baseline and after 20 years of follow-up from 219 healthy participants of the EPIC-Potsdam study, using inductively coupled plasma tandem mass spectrometry. For each TE, absolute and relative differences were calculated between the two time points, as well as the proportion of individuals within normal reference ranges. Interdependence between age-related TE differences was investigated using principal component analysis (PCA). Relationships between selected factors (lifestyle, sociodemographic, anthropometric factors, and hypertension) and corresponding TE longitudinal variability were examined using multivariable linear regression models. Results Median age of our study sample was 58.32 years (4.42) at baseline and 40% were females. Median Mn, Zn, Se concentrations and Se to Cu ratio significantly decreased during aging while median Fe, Cu, I concentrations and Cu to Zn ratio significantly increased. A substantial percentage of the participants, at both time points, had Zn concentrations below the reference range. The first PCA-extracted factor reflected the correlated decline in both Mn and Zn over time while the second factor reflected the observed (on average) increase in both Cu and I over time. Overall, none of the investigated factors were strong determinants of TE longitudinal variability, except possibly dietary supplement use, and alcohol use for Fe. Conclusions In conclusion, in this population-based study of healthy elderly, decrease in Mn, Zn, and Se concentrations and increase in Fe, Cu, and I concentrations were observed over 20 years of follow-up. Further research is required to investigate dietary determinants and markers of TE status as well as the relationships between TE profiles and the risk of age-related diseases. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1007/s00394-019-02143-w) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Baudry
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, 14558, Nuthetal, Germany.
- TraceAge-DFG Research Unit on Interactions of Essential Trace Elements in Healthy and Diseased Elderly, Potsdam-Berlin-Jena, Germany.
| | - Johannes F Kopp
- TraceAge-DFG Research Unit on Interactions of Essential Trace Elements in Healthy and Diseased Elderly, Potsdam-Berlin-Jena, Germany
- Department of Food Chemistry, Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, 14558, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Heiner Boeing
- Department of Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, 14558, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Anna P Kipp
- TraceAge-DFG Research Unit on Interactions of Essential Trace Elements in Healthy and Diseased Elderly, Potsdam-Berlin-Jena, Germany
- Department of Molecular Nutritional Physiology, Institute of Nutritional Sciences, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Tanja Schwerdtle
- TraceAge-DFG Research Unit on Interactions of Essential Trace Elements in Healthy and Diseased Elderly, Potsdam-Berlin-Jena, Germany
- Department of Food Chemistry, Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, 14558, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Matthias B Schulze
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, 14558, Nuthetal, Germany
- TraceAge-DFG Research Unit on Interactions of Essential Trace Elements in Healthy and Diseased Elderly, Potsdam-Berlin-Jena, Germany
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26
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Speck T, Speck O. Quo vadis plant biomechanics: Old wine in new bottles or an up-and-coming field of modern plant science? Am J Bot 2019; 106:1399-1403. [PMID: 31618448 DOI: 10.1002/ajb2.1371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Speck
- Plant Biomechanics Group, Botanic Garden, Freiburg Center for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technologies (FIT), Cluster of Excellence livMatS @ FIT, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Olga Speck
- Plant Biomechanics Group, Botanic Garden, Freiburg Center for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technologies (FIT), Cluster of Excellence livMatS @ FIT, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
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27
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Frame FM, Maitland NJ. Epigenetic Control of Gene Expression in the Normal and Malignant Human Prostate: A Rapid Response Which Promotes Therapeutic Resistance. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E2437. [PMID: 31108832 PMCID: PMC6566891 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20102437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2019] [Revised: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
A successful prostate cancer must be capable of changing its phenotype in response to a variety of microenvironmental influences, such as adaptation to treatment or successful proliferation at a particular metastatic site. New cell phenotypes emerge by selection from the large, genotypically heterogeneous pool of candidate cells present within any tumor mass, including a distinct stem cell-like population. In such a multicellular model of human prostate cancer, flexible responses are primarily governed not only by de novo mutations but appear to be dominated by a combination of epigenetic controls, whose application results in treatment resistance and tumor relapse. Detailed studies of these individual cell populations have resulted in an epigenetic model for epithelial cell differentiation, which is also instructive in explaining the reported high and inevitable relapse rates of human prostate cancers to a multitude of treatment types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiona M Frame
- The Cancer Research Unit, Department of Biology, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, UK.
| | - Norman J Maitland
- The Cancer Research Unit, Department of Biology, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, UK.
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28
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Bianco F, Eisenman ST, Colmenares Aguilar MG, Bonora E, Clavenzani P, Linden DR, De Giorgio R, Farrugia G, Gibbons SJ. Expression of RAD21 immunoreactivity in myenteric neurons of the human and mouse small intestine. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2018; 30:e13429. [PMID: 30069982 PMCID: PMC6150808 DOI: 10.1111/nmo.13429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Revised: 06/20/2018] [Accepted: 06/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND RAD21 is a double-strand-break repair protein and component of the cohesin complex with key roles in cellular functions. A RAD21 loss-of-function mutation was found in cases of chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction (CIPO) with associated enteric neuronal loss. Analysis of RAD21 expression in the enteric nervous system is lacking, thus we aimed to characterize RAD21 immunoreactivity (IR) in myenteric ganglia. METHODS Double labeling immunofluorescence in mouse and human jejunum was used to determine colocalization of RAD21 with HuC/D, PGP9.5, neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS), neuropeptide Y (NPY), choline acetyl transferase (ChAT), Kit, platelet-derived growth factor receptor-α (PDGFRα), and glial fibrillary acid protein (GFAP) IRs. RESULTS A subset of PGP9.5- and HuC/D-IR neuronal cell bodies and nerve fibers in the myenteric plexus of human and mouse small intestine also displayed cytoplasmic RAD21-IR Cytoplasmic RAD21-IR was found in 43% of HuC/D-IR neurons in adult and neonatal mice but did not colocalize with nNOS. A subset of ChAT-positive neurons had cytoplasmic RAD21-IR Punctate RAD21-IR was restricted to the nucleus in most cell types consistent with labeling of the cohesin complex. Cytoplasmic RAD21-IR was not detected in interstitial cells of Cajal, fibroblast-like cells or glia. Subsets of neurons in primary culture exhibited cytoplasmic RAD21-IR Suppression of RAD21 expression by shRNA knockdown abolished RAD21-IR in cultured neurons. CONCLUSIONS Our data showing cytoplasmic RAD21 expression in enteric neurons provide a basis toward understanding how mutations of this gene may contribute to altered neuronal function/survival thus leading to gut-motor abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Bianco
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences (DIMEVET), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - S T Eisenman
- Enteric NeuroScience Program, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - M G Colmenares Aguilar
- Enteric NeuroScience Program, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - E Bonora
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - P Clavenzani
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences (DIMEVET), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - D R Linden
- Enteric NeuroScience Program, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - R De Giorgio
- Department of Medical Sciences, Nuovo Arcispedale S.Anna, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - G Farrugia
- Enteric NeuroScience Program, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - S J Gibbons
- Enteric NeuroScience Program, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
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Semla M, Schwarcz P, Mezey J, Binkowski ŁJ, Błaszczyk M, Formicki G, Greń A, Stawarz R, Massanyi P. Biogenic and Risk Elements in Wines from the Slovak Market with the Estimation of Consumer Exposure. Biol Trace Elem Res 2018; 184:33-41. [PMID: 28988282 PMCID: PMC5992241 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-017-1157-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2017] [Accepted: 09/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Wine consumption delivers macroelements and microelements necessary for the proper metabolism. On the other hand, wine can be an important source of toxic metals. The aim of this study was to estimate the concentrations of Ca, Cd, Cu, Fe, Hg, Mg, Ni, Pb, and Zn in the Slovak and non-Slovak wines. The concentration of metals was evaluated with respect to the type, the alcohol content, and the age of Slovak wine. The general scheme of concentrations found was as follows Ca > Mg > Fe > Zn > Pb > Cd > Ni > Cu > Hg. The type of wine and the alcohol content do not have a significant impact on metal concentrations. Also, the age of wine has no influence on the mean concentration of metals, except for Zn. Metal concentrations in Slovak and non-Slovak wines indicate similar contents of metals, except for Ni. The contribution to both dietary reference values (DRVs) and provisional tolerable weekly intake (PTWI) evaluations in the Slovak wine suggested low dietary exposure to Ca, Cu, Fe, Mg, Ni, Zn, Cd, Hg, and Pb, respectively. However, we do not suggest that the consumption of all Slovak wines is healthy. The maximum Pb concentrations in Slovak wines exceed the maximum permitted level proposed by the European Commission. This might be proved by the results of the margin of the exposure (MOE) value evaluation in the samples containing the maximum Pb concentrations, showing a high risk of CKD and SBP in high and extreme consumption groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Semla
- Institute of Biology, Pedagogical University of Cracow, Podbrzezie 3, 31-054 Krakow, Poland
| | - Pavol Schwarcz
- Department of EU Policies, Faculty of European Studies and Regional Development, Slovak University of Agriculture, Trieda Hlinku 2, 949 01 Nitra, Slovak Republic
| | - Ján Mezey
- Department of Fruit Growing, Viticulture and Enology, Faculty of Horticulture and Landscape Engineering, Tulipánová 7, 949 76 Nitra, Slovak Republic
| | - Łukasz J. Binkowski
- Institute of Biology, Pedagogical University of Cracow, Podbrzezie 3, 31-054 Krakow, Poland
| | - Martyna Błaszczyk
- Institute of Biology, Pedagogical University of Cracow, Podbrzezie 3, 31-054 Krakow, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Formicki
- Institute of Biology, Pedagogical University of Cracow, Podbrzezie 3, 31-054 Krakow, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Greń
- Institute of Biology, Pedagogical University of Cracow, Podbrzezie 3, 31-054 Krakow, Poland
| | - Robert Stawarz
- Institute of Biology, Pedagogical University of Cracow, Podbrzezie 3, 31-054 Krakow, Poland
| | - Peter Massanyi
- Institute of Biology, Pedagogical University of Cracow, Podbrzezie 3, 31-054 Krakow, Poland
- Department of Animal Physiology, Slovak University of Agriculture, Trieda Hlinku 2, 949 01 Nitra, Slovak Republic
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Martínez-Canales S, Cifuentes F, López De Rodas Gregorio M, Serrano-Oviedo L, Galán-Moya EM, Amir E, Pandiella A, Győrffy B, Ocaña A. Transcriptomic immunologic signature associated with favorable clinical outcome in basal-like breast tumors. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0175128. [PMID: 28472085 PMCID: PMC5417488 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0175128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2016] [Accepted: 03/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Most patients with early stage triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) receive adjuvant chemotherapy. Activation of the immune system is associated with tumor response and may help identify TNBC with favorable outcome. Methods Gene expression data were obtained from the GEO Dataset GDS2250/GSE3744. Affymetrix CEL files were downloaded and analyzed with Affymetrix Transcriptome Analysis Console 3.0. Functional genomics was implemented with David Bioinformatics Resources 6.8. Data contained at Oncomine were used to identify genes upregulated in basal-like cancer compared to normal breast tissue. Data contained at cBioportal were used to assess for molecular alterations. The KMPlotter online tool, METABRIC and GSE25066 datasets were used to associate gene signatures with clinical outcome. Results 1564 upregulated genes were identified as differentially expressed between normal and basal-like tumors. Of these, 16 genes associated with immune function were linked with clinical outcome. HLA-C, HLA-F, HLA-G and TIGIT were associated with both improved relapse-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS). The combination of HLA-F/TIGIT and HLA-C/HLA-F/TIGIT showed the most favorable outcome (HR for RFS 0.44, p<0.001; HR for OS 0.22, p<0.001; and HR for RFS 0.46, p<0.001; HR for OS 0.15, p<0.001; respectively). The association of HLA-C/HLA-F with outcome was confirmed using the METABRIC and GSE25066 datasets. No copy number alterations of these genes were identified. Conclusion We describe a gene signature associated with immune function and favorable outcome in basal-like breast cancer. Incorporation of this signature in prospective studies may help to stratify risk of early stage TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Francisco Cifuentes
- Translational Research Unit, Albacete University Hospital and CIBERONC, Albacete, Spain
| | | | | | - Eva María Galán-Moya
- Centro Regional de Investigaciones Biomédicas (CRIB), Universidad de Castilla La Mancha, Albacete, Spain
| | - Eitan Amir
- Princess Margaret Cancer Center, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Atanasio Pandiella
- Cancer Research Center and CIBERONC, CSIC-University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Balázs Győrffy
- MTA TTK Lendület Cancer Biomarker Research Group, Budapest, Hungary
- Semmelweis University 2nd Dept. of Pediatrics, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Alberto Ocaña
- Translational Research Unit, Albacete University Hospital and CIBERONC, Albacete, Spain
- Centro Regional de Investigaciones Biomédicas (CRIB), Universidad de Castilla La Mancha, Albacete, Spain
- * E-mail:
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Löwe LC, Gaser C, Franke K. The Effect of the APOE Genotype on Individual BrainAGE in Normal Aging, Mild Cognitive Impairment, and Alzheimer's Disease. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0157514. [PMID: 27410431 PMCID: PMC4943637 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0157514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2015] [Accepted: 05/30/2016] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
In our aging society, diseases in the elderly come more and more into focus. An important issue in research is Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) with their causes, diagnosis, treatment, and disease prediction. We applied the Brain Age Gap Estimation (BrainAGE) method to examine the impact of the Apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotype on structural brain aging, utilizing longitudinal magnetic resonance image (MRI) data of 405 subjects from the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) database. We tested for differences in neuroanatomical aging between carrier and non-carrier of APOE ε4 within the diagnostic groups and for longitudinal changes in individual brain aging during about three years follow-up. We further examined whether a combination of BrainAGE and APOE status could improve prediction accuracy of conversion to AD in MCI patients. The influence of the APOE status on conversion from MCI to AD was analyzed within all allelic subgroups as well as for ε4 carriers and non-carriers. The BrainAGE scores differed significantly between normal controls, stable MCI (sMCI) and progressive MCI (pMCI) as well as AD patients. Differences in BrainAGE changing rates over time were observed for APOE ε4 carrier status as well as in the pMCI and AD groups. At baseline and during follow-up, BrainAGE scores correlated significantly with neuropsychological test scores in APOE ε4 carriers and non-carriers, especially in pMCI and AD patients. Prediction of conversion was most accurate using the BrainAGE score as compared to neuropsychological test scores, even when the patient’s APOE status was unknown. For assessing the individual risk of coming down with AD as well as predicting conversion from MCI to AD, the BrainAGE method proves to be a useful and accurate tool even if the information of the patient’s APOE status is missing.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Christian Gaser
- Structural Brain Mapping Group, Department of Neurology, University Hospital Jena, Jena, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Katja Franke
- Structural Brain Mapping Group, Department of Neurology, University Hospital Jena, Jena, Germany
- * E-mail:
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Fratini S, Ragionieri L, Cannicci S. Demographic History and Reproductive Output Correlates with Intraspecific Genetic Variation in Seven Species of Indo-Pacific Mangrove Crabs. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0158582. [PMID: 27379532 PMCID: PMC4933389 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0158582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2016] [Accepted: 06/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The spatial distribution and the amount of intraspecific genetic variation of marine organisms are strongly influenced by many biotic and abiotic factors. Comparing biological and genetic data characterizing species living in the same habitat can help to elucidate the processes driving these variation patterns. Here, we present a comparative multispecies population genetic study on seven mangrove crabs co-occurring in the West Indian Ocean characterized by planktotrophic larvae with similar pelagic larval duration. Our main aim was to investigate whether a suite of biological, behavioural and ecological traits could affect genetic diversities of the study species in combination with historical demographic parameters. As possible current explanatory factors, we used the intertidal micro-habitat colonised by adult populations, various parameters of individual and population fecundity, and the timing of larval release. As the genetic marker, we used partial sequences of cytochrome oxidase subunit I gene. Genetic and ecological data were collected by the authors and/or gathered from primary literature. Permutational multiple regression models and ANOVA tests showed that species density and their reproductive output in combination with historical demographic parameters could explain the intraspecific genetic variation indexes across the seven species. In particular, species producing consistently less eggs per spawning event showed higher values of haplotype diversity. Moreover, Tajima's D parameters well explained the recorded values for haplotype diversity and average γst. We concluded that current intraspecific gene diversities in crabs inhabiting mangrove forests were affected by population fecundity as well as past demographic history. The results were also discussed in terms of management and conservation of fauna in the Western Indian Ocean mangroves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Fratini
- Department of Biology, University of Florence, Firenze, Italy
| | - Lapo Ragionieri
- Institute for Zoology, Functional Peptidomics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Stefano Cannicci
- Department of Biology, University of Florence, Firenze, Italy
- The Swire Institute of Marine Science and the School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
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