1
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Qian JC, Zhang HP, Wang Y, Liu D. Heating conversion of indole-3-carbinol into N-substituted oligomers with anti-melanoma effect. Food Chem X 2024; 22:101410. [PMID: 38707780 PMCID: PMC11068521 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2024.101410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Revised: 04/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Cruciferous vegetables (CVs) are globally consumed with some health benefits believed to arise from indole-3-carbinol (I3C), a labile phytochemical liberated from indole glucosinolates, but few reports describe the effect of cooking on I3C reactions. Here, we present heat-promoted direct conversions of I3C in broccoli florets into indole derivatives, which are unique in the N-indolylmethylation and -hydroxymethylation of indole nuclei by 3-methyleneindole and formaldehyde formed in situ from the I3C dehydration and the dimerization of I3C to 3,3'-diindolylmethane (DIM), respectively. Such N-substituted indoles were found in a range of 0.4-4.6 μg per gram of steamed broccoli florets, with a novel compound N-(indol-3-ylmethyl)-3,3'-diindolylmethane (DIM-1) bio-evaluated to inhibit A375 cells with an IC50 value of 1.87 μM. In aggregation, the investigation discloses the promoting effect of heating on the I3C transformation in CVs and identifies DIM-1 as an anti-cancer drug candidate, and thus updates the knowledge of I3C and bioactive derivatives thereof.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yi Wang
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for TCM Quality and Efficacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Dan Liu
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for TCM Quality and Efficacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR China
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2
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Hanlon N, Gillan N, Neil J, Seidler K. The role of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) in modulating intestinal ILC3s to optimise gut pathogen resistance in lupus and benefits of nutritional AhR ligands. Clin Nutr 2024; 43:1199-1215. [PMID: 38631087 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2024.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Dysbiosis is emerging as a potential trigger of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Group 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3s) are recognised as key regulators of intestinal homeostasis. The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is critical to intestinal ILC3 development and function. This mechanistic review aimed to investigate whether AhR activation of gut ILC3s facilitates IL-22-mediated antimicrobial peptide (AMP) production to enhance colonisation resistance and ameliorate SLE pathology associated with intestinal dysbiosis. Furthermore, nutritional AhR ligand potential to enhance pathogen resistance was explored. METHODOLOGY This mechanistic review involved a three-tranche systematic literature search (review, mechanism, intervention) using PubMed with critical appraisal. Data was synthesised into themes and summarised in a narrative analysis. RESULTS Preclinical mechanistic data indicate that AhR modulation of intestinal ILC3s optimises pathogen resistance via IL-22-derived AMPs. Pre-clinical research is required to validate this mechanism in SLE. Data on systemic immune consequences of AhR modulation in lupus suggest UVB-activated ligands induce aberrant AhR signalling while many dietary ligands exert beneficial effects. Data on xenobiotic-origin ligands is varied, although considerable evidence has demonstrated negative effects on Th17 to Treg balance. Limited human evidence supports the role of nutritional AhR ligands in modulating SLE pathology. Preclinical and clinical data support anti-inflammatory effects of dietary AhR ligands. CONCLUSION Current evidence is insufficient to fully validate the hypothesis that AhR modulation of intestinal ILC3s can enhance pathogen resistance to ameliorate lupus pathology driven by dysbiosis. However, anti-inflammatory effects of dietary AhR ligands suggest a promising role as a therapeutic intervention for SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niamh Hanlon
- CNELM (Centre for Nutrition Education and Lifestyle Management), 14 Rectory Road, Wokingham, Berkshire RG40 1DH, UK.
| | - Natalie Gillan
- CNELM (Centre for Nutrition Education and Lifestyle Management), 14 Rectory Road, Wokingham, Berkshire RG40 1DH, UK.
| | - James Neil
- CNELM (Centre for Nutrition Education and Lifestyle Management), 14 Rectory Road, Wokingham, Berkshire RG40 1DH, UK.
| | - Karin Seidler
- CNELM (Centre for Nutrition Education and Lifestyle Management), 14 Rectory Road, Wokingham, Berkshire RG40 1DH, UK.
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3
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Peng Z, Zhang J, Zhang M, Yin L, Zhou Z, Lv C, Wang Z, Tang J. Tryptophan metabolites relieve intestinal Candida albicans infection by altering the gut microbiota to reduce IL-22 release from group 3 innate lymphoid cells of the colon lamina propria. Food Funct 2024; 15:5364-5381. [PMID: 38639049 DOI: 10.1039/d4fo00432a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
Invasive candidiasis may be caused by Candida albicans (C. albicans) colonization of the intestinal tract. Preventing intestinal damage caused by Candida albicans infection and protecting intestinal barrier function have become a critical issue. Integrated analyses of the microbiome with metabolome revealed a remarkable shift of the gut microbiota and tryptophan metabolites, kynurenic acid (KynA), and indolacrylic acid (IA) in mice infected with C. albicans. The transcriptome sequencing indicated that differentially expressed genes were significantly associated with innate immune responses and inflammatory responses. The results of this study suggest that KynA and IA (KI) can alleviate intestinal damage caused by Candida albicans infection in mice by reducing intestinal permeability, increasing intestinal firmness, alleviating intestinal inflammation, and reducing the secretion of interleukin-22 (IL-22) in the 3 groups of colon innate lymphoid cells (ILC3). We performed a fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) experiment and found that the intestinal barrier function, inflammation, and IL-22 secretion of ILC3 in the colon lamina propria of the recipient mice subjected to C. albicans infection and KI treatment were consistent with the trends of the donor mice. Our results suggest that tryptophan metabolites may directly regulate colon lamina ILC3 to promote intestinal resistance to C. albicans invasion, or indirectly regulate the ILC3 secretion of IL-22 to play a protective role in the intestinal barrier by affecting intestinal microorganisms, which may become a potential target for alleviating intestine borne C. albicans infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyao Peng
- Department of Trauma-Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiali Zhang
- Central Laboratory, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liping Yin
- Department of Trauma-Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ziyang Zhou
- Department of Trauma-Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Cuiting Lv
- Central Laboratory, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zetian Wang
- Department of Trauma-Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianguo Tang
- Department of Trauma-Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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4
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Yang H, Cao R, Zhou F, Wang B, Xu Q, Li R, Zhang C, Xu H. The role of Interleukin-22 in severe acute pancreatitis. Mol Med 2024; 30:60. [PMID: 38750415 PMCID: PMC11097471 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-024-00826-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) begins with premature activation of enzymes, promoted by the immune system, triggering a potential systemic inflammatory response that leads to organ failure with increased mortality and a bleak prognosis. Interleukin-22 (IL-22) is a cytokine that may have a significant role in SAP. IL-22, a member of the IL-10 cytokine family, has garnered growing interest owing to its potential tissue-protective properties. Recently, emerging research has revealed its specific effects on pancreatic diseases, particularly SAP. This paper provides a review of the latest knowledge on the role of IL-22 and its viability as a therapeutic target in SAP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongli Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Ji'nan, Shandong, 250021, P.R. China
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, P.R. China
| | - Ruofan Cao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Ji'nan, Shandong, 250021, P.R. China
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, P.R. China
| | - Feifei Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Ji'nan, Shandong, 250021, P.R. China
| | - Ben Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Ji'nan, Shandong, 250021, P.R. China
| | - Qianqian Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Ji'nan, Shandong, 250021, P.R. China
| | - Rui Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Ji'nan, Shandong, 250021, P.R. China
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, P.R. China
| | - ChunHua Zhang
- Shandong First Medical University, Ji'nan, Shandong, 250117, P.R. China
| | - Hongwei Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Ji'nan, Shandong, 250021, P.R. China.
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, P.R. China.
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5
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Bao B, Wang Y, Boudreau P, Song X, Wu M, Chen X, Patik I, Tang Y, Ouahed J, Ringel A, Barends J, Wu C, Balskus E, Thiagarajah J, Liu J, Wessels MR, Lencer WI, Kasper DL, An D, Horwitz BH, Snapper SB. Bacterial Sphingolipids Exacerbate Colitis by Inhibiting ILC3-derived IL-22 Production. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2024:S2352-345X(24)00104-8. [PMID: 38704148 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2024.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Gut bacterial sphingolipids, primarily produced by Bacteroidetes, have dual roles as bacterial virulence factors and regulators of the host mucosal immune system, including regulatory T cells and invariant natural killer T cells. Patients with inflammatory bowel disease display altered sphingolipids profiles in fecal samples. However, how bacterial sphingolipids modulate mucosal homeostasis and regulate intestinal inflammation remains unclear. METHODS We used dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis in mice monocolonized with Bacteroides fragilis strains expressing or lacking sphingolipids to assess the influence of bacterial sphingolipids on intestinal inflammation using transcriptional, protein, and cellular analyses. Colonic explant and organoid were used to study the function of bacterial sphingolipids. Host mucosal immune cells and cytokines were profiled and characterized using flow cytometry, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and Western blot, and cytokine function in vivo was investigated by monoclonal antibody injection. RESULTS B fragilis sphingolipids exacerbated intestinal inflammation. Mice monocolonized with B fragilis lacking sphingolipids exhibited less severe DSS-induced colitis. This amelioration of colitis was associated with increased production of interleukin (IL)-22 by ILC3. Mice colonized with B fragilis lacking sphingolipids following DSS treatment showed enhanced epithelial STAT3 activity, intestinal cell proliferation, and antimicrobial peptide production. Protection against DSS colitis associated with B fragilis lacking sphingolipids was reversed on IL22 blockade. Furthermore, bacterial sphingolipids restricted epithelial IL18 production following DSS treatment and interfered with IL22 production by a subset of ILC3 cells expressing both IL18R and major histocompatibility complex class II. CONCLUSIONS B fragilis-derived sphingolipids exacerbate mucosal inflammation by impeding epithelial IL18 expression and concomitantly suppressing the production of IL22 by ILC3 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Bao
- Division of Gastroenterology, Boston Children's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; Division of Infectious Diseases, Boston Children's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; School of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, China.
| | - Youyuan Wang
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Boston Children's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Pavl Boudreau
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Xinyang Song
- Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, CAS, Shanghai, China
| | - Meng Wu
- Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Xi Chen
- Division of Gastroenterology, Boston Children's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Izabel Patik
- Division of Gastroenterology, Boston Children's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Ying Tang
- Division of Gastroenterology, Boston Children's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jodie Ouahed
- Division of Gastroenterology, Boston Children's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Amit Ringel
- Division of Gastroenterology, Boston Children's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jared Barends
- Division of Gastroenterology, Boston Children's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Chuan Wu
- Experimental Immunology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Emily Balskus
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Jay Thiagarajah
- Division of Gastroenterology, Boston Children's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jian Liu
- School of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Michael R Wessels
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Boston Children's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Wayne Isaac Lencer
- Division of Gastroenterology, Boston Children's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Dennis L Kasper
- Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Dingding An
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Boston Children's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Bruce Harold Horwitz
- Division of Gastroenterology, Boston Children's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Scott B Snapper
- Division of Gastroenterology, Boston Children's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
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6
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Jiang C, Zhou Q, Yi K, Yuan Y, Xie X. Colorectal cancer initiation: Understanding early-stage disease for intervention. Cancer Lett 2024; 589:216831. [PMID: 38574882 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2024.216831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
How tumors arise or the cause of precancerous lesions is a fundamental question in cancer biology. It is generally accepted that tumors originate from normal cells that undergo uncontrolled proliferation owing to genetic alterations. At the onset of adenoma formation, cancer driver mutations confer clonal growth advantage, enabling mutant cells to outcompete and eliminate the surrounding healthy cells. Hence, the development of precancerous lesions is not only attributed to the expansion of pre-malignant clones, but also relies on the relative fitness of mutated cells compared to the neighboring cells. Colorectal cancer (CRC) is an excellent model to investigate cancer origin as it follows a stereotypical process from mutant cell hyperplasia to adenoma formation and progression. Here, we review the evolving understanding of colonic tumor development, focusing on how cell intrinsic and extrinsic factors impact cell competition and the "clone war" between cancer-initiating cells and normal stem cells. We also discuss the promises and limitations of targeting cell competitiveness in cancer prevention and early intervention. The field of tumor initiation is currently in its infancy, elucidating the adenoma origin is crucial for designing effective prevention strategies and early treatments before cancer becomes incurable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Jiang
- Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Haining, 314400, China
| | - Qiujing Zhou
- Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Haining, 314400, China; The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310005, China
| | - Ke Yi
- Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Haining, 314400, China
| | - Ying Yuan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, Ministry of Education, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Xin Xie
- Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Haining, 314400, China; Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Institute and Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310029, China; Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
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7
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Serafini N, Di Santo JP. Group 3 innate lymphoid cells: A trained Gutkeeper. Immunol Rev 2024; 323:126-137. [PMID: 38491842 DOI: 10.1111/imr.13322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
Group 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3s) are tissue-resident immune lymphocytes that critically regulate intestinal homeostasis, organogenesis, and immunity. ILC3s possess the capacity to "sense" the inflammatory environment within tissues, especially in the context of pathogen challenges that imprints durable non-antigen-specific changes in ILC3 function. As such, ILC3s become a new actor in the emerging field of trained innate immunity. Here, we summarize recent discoveries regarding ILC3 responses to bacterial challenges and the role these encounters play in triggering trained innate immunity. We further discuss how signaling events throughout ILC3 ontogeny potentially control the development and function of trained ILC3s. Finally, we highlight the open questions surrounding ILC3 "training" the answers to which may reveal new insights into innate immunity. Understanding the fundamental concepts behind trained innate immunity could potentially lead to the development of new strategies for improving immunity-based modulation therapies for inflammation, infectious diseases, and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Serafini
- Innate Immunity Unit, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Inserm U1223, Paris, France
| | - James P Di Santo
- Innate Immunity Unit, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Inserm U1223, Paris, France
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8
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Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Song J, Cheng X, Zhou C, Huang S, Zhao W, Zong Z, Yang L. Targeting the "tumor microenvironment": RNA-binding proteins in the spotlight in colorectal cancer therapy. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 131:111876. [PMID: 38493688 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.111876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer and has the second highest mortality rate among cancers. The development of CRC involves both genetic and epigenetic abnormalities, and recent research has focused on exploring the ex-transcriptome, particularly post-transcriptional modifications. RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) are emerging epigenetic regulators that play crucial roles in post-transcriptional events. Dysregulation of RBPs can result in aberrant expression of downstream target genes, thereby affecting the progression of colorectal tumors and the prognosis of patients. Recent studies have shown that RBPs can influence CRC pathogenesis and progression by regulating various components of the tumor microenvironment (TME). Although previous research on RBPs has primarily focused on their direct regulation of colorectal tumor development, their involvement in the remodeling of the TME has not been systematically reported. This review aims to highlight the significant role of RBPs in the intricate interactions within the CRC tumor microenvironment, including tumor immune microenvironment, inflammatory microenvironment, extracellular matrix, tumor vasculature, and CRC cancer stem cells. We also highlight several compounds under investigation for RBP-TME-based treatment of CRC, including small molecule inhibitors such as antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs), siRNAs, agonists, gene manipulation, and tumor vaccines. The insights gained from this review may lead to the development of RBP-based targeted novel therapeutic strategies aimed at modulating the TME, potentially inhibiting the progression and metastasis of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiwei Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 1 MinDe Road, 330006 Nanchang, China; Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 1 Mingde Rd., Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi, China; Queen Mary School, Nanchang University, 330006 Nanchang, China
| | - Yujun Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 1 MinDe Road, 330006 Nanchang, China; Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 1 Mingde Rd., Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jingjing Song
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 1 MinDe Road, 330006 Nanchang, China; Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 1 Mingde Rd., Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi, China; School of Ophthalmology and Optometry of Nanchang University, China
| | - Xifu Cheng
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry of Nanchang University, China
| | - Chulin Zhou
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Shuo Huang
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Wentao Zhao
- The 3rd Clinical Department of China Medical University, 10159 Shenyang, China
| | - Zhen Zong
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 1 MinDe Road, 330006 Nanchang, China.
| | - Lingling Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 1 Mingde Rd., Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi, China.
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9
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Yu X, Wang L, Niu Z, Zhu L. Controversial role of γδ T cells in colorectal cancer. Am J Cancer Res 2024; 14:1482-1500. [PMID: 38726287 PMCID: PMC11076236 DOI: 10.62347/hwmb1163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most frequent type of cancer, and the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Current treatments for patients with CRC do not substantially improve the survival and quality of life of patients with advanced CRC, thus necessitating the development of new treatment strategies. The emergence of immunotherapy has revitalized the field, showing great potential in advanced CRC treatment. Owing to the ability of tumor cells to evade the immune system through major histocompatibility complex shedding and heterogeneous and low antigen spreading, only a few patients respond to immunotherapy. γδ T cells have heterogeneous structures and functions, and their key roles in immune regulation, tumor immunosurveillance, and specific primary immune responses have increasingly been recognized. γδ T cells recognize and kill CRC cells efficiently, thus inhibiting tumor progress through various mechanisms. However, γδ T cells can potentially promote tumor development and metastasis. Thus, given this dual role in prognosis, these cells can act as either a "friend" or "foe" of CRC. In this review, we explore the characteristics of γδ T cells and their functions in CRC, highlighting their application in immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianzhe Yu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center and Lung Cancer Center/Lung Cancer Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengdu, Sichuan, The People’s Republic of China
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Chengdu Second People’s HospitalNo. 10 Qinyun Nan Street, Chengdu, Sichuan, The People’s Republic of China
| | - Leibo Wang
- Department of Surgery, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital Guizhou HospitalGuiyang, Guizhou, The People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhongxi Niu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Third Medical Center of PLA General HospitalBeijing, The People’s Republic of China
| | - Lingling Zhu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center and Lung Cancer Center/Lung Cancer Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengdu, Sichuan, The People’s Republic of China
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10
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Carnevale S, Ponzetta A, Rigatelli A, Carriero R, Puccio S, Supino D, Grieco G, Molisso P, Di Ceglie I, Scavello F, Perucchini C, Pasqualini F, Recordati C, Tripodo C, Belmonte B, Mariancini A, Kunderfranco P, Sciumè G, Lugli E, Bonavita E, Magrini E, Garlanda C, Mantovani A, Jaillon S. Neutrophils Mediate Protection Against Colitis and Carcinogenesis by Controlling Bacterial Invasion and IL22 Production by γδ T Cells. Cancer Immunol Res 2024; 12:413-426. [PMID: 38349973 PMCID: PMC10985471 DOI: 10.1158/2326-6066.cir-23-0295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
Neutrophils are the most abundant leukocytes in human blood and play a primary role in resistance against invading microorganisms and in the acute inflammatory response. However, their role in colitis and colitis-associated colorectal cancer is still under debate. This study aims to dissect the role of neutrophils in these pathologic contexts by using a rigorous genetic approach. Neutrophil-deficient mice (Csf3r-/- mice) were used in classic models of colitis and colitis-associated colorectal cancer and the role of neutrophils was assessed by histologic, cellular, and molecular analyses coupled with adoptive cell transfer. We also performed correlative analyses using human datasets. Csf3r-/- mice showed increased susceptibility to colitis and colitis-associated colorectal cancer compared with control Csf3r+/+ mice and adoptive transfer of neutrophils in Csf3r-/- mice reverted the phenotype. In colitis, Csf3r-/- mice showed increased bacterial invasion and a reduced number of healing ulcers in the colon, indicating a compromised regenerative capacity of epithelial cells. Neutrophils were essential for γδ T-cell polarization and IL22 production. In patients with ulcerative colitis, expression of CSF3R was positively correlated with IL22 and IL23 expression. Moreover, gene signatures associated with epithelial-cell development, proliferation, and antimicrobial response were enriched in CSF3Rhigh patients. Our data support a model where neutrophils mediate protection against intestinal inflammation and colitis-associated colorectal cancer by controlling the intestinal microbiota and driving the activation of an IL22-dependent tissue repair pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Anna Rigatelli
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Simone Puccio
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
- Institute of Genetic and Biomedical Research, UoS Milan, National Research Council, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Giovanna Grieco
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Science, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy
| | - Piera Molisso
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Science, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Fabio Pasqualini
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Science, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy
| | - Camilla Recordati
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of Milan, Mouse & Animal Pathology Laboratory (MAPLab), UniMi Foundation, Milan, Italy
| | - Claudio Tripodo
- Tumor Immunology Unit, Department of Health Science, University of Palermo, School of Medicine, Palermo, Italy
| | - Beatrice Belmonte
- Tumor Immunology Unit, Department of Health Science, University of Palermo, School of Medicine, Palermo, Italy
| | - Andrea Mariancini
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Science, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Giuseppe Sciumè
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Laboratory Affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia - Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Rome, Italy
| | - Enrico Lugli
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Eduardo Bonavita
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Science, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy
| | - Elena Magrini
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Cecilia Garlanda
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Science, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy
| | - Alberto Mantovani
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Science, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy
- The William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sebastien Jaillon
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Science, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy
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11
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Kühnel I, Vogler I, Spreu J, Bonig H, Döring C, Steinle A. The activating receptor NKp65 is selectively expressed by human ILC3 and demarcates ILC3 from mature NK cells. Eur J Immunol 2024; 54:e2250318. [PMID: 38072999 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202250318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Innate lymphocytes comprise cytotoxic natural killer (NK) cells and tissue-resident innate lymphoid cells (ILC) that are subgrouped according to their cytokine profiles into group 1 ILC (ILC1), ILC2, and ILC3. However, cell surface receptors unambiguously defining or specifically activating such ILC subsets are scarcely known. Here, we report on the physiologic expression of the human activating C-type lectin-like receptor (CTLR) NKp65, a high-affinity receptor for the CTLR keratinocyte-associated C-type lectin (KACL). Tracking rare NKp65 transcripts in human blood, we identify ILC3 to selectively express NKp65. NKp65 expression not only demarcates "bona fide" ILC3 from likewise RORγt-expressing ILC precursors and lymphoid tissue inducer cells but also from mature NK cells which acquire the NKp65-relative NKp80 during a Notch-dependent differentiation from NKp65+ precursor cells. Hence, ILC3 and NK cells mutually exclusively and interdependently express the genetically coupled sibling receptors NKp65 and NKp80. Much alike NKp80, NKp65 promotes cytotoxicity by innate lymphocytes which may become relevant during pathophysiological reprogramming of ILC3. Altogether, we report the selective expression of the activating immunoreceptor NKp65 by ILC3 demarcating ILC3 from mature NK cells and endowing ILC3 with a dedicated immunosensor for the epidermal immune barrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ines Kühnel
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt am Main, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Georg-Speyer-Haus, Institute for Tumor Biology and Experimental Therapy, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Isabel Vogler
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt am Main, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Jessica Spreu
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt am Main, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Halvard Bonig
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine and Immunohematology, Goethe-University Frankfurt am Main, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- German Red Cross Blood Service Baden-Württemberg-Hessen, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Claudia Döring
- Dr. Senckenbergisches Institute of Pathology, Goethe University Hospital Frankfurt am Main, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Alexander Steinle
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt am Main, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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12
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Glatt H, Weißenberg SY, Ehlers A, Lampen A, Seidel A, Schumacher F, Engst W, Meinl W. Formation of DNA Adducts by 1-Methoxy-3-indolylmethylalcohol, a Breakdown Product of a Glucosinolate, in the Mouse: Impact of the SULT1A1 Status-Wild-Type, Knockout or Humanised. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3824. [PMID: 38612635 PMCID: PMC11012018 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25073824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
We previously found that feeding rats with broccoli or cauliflower leads to the formation of characteristic DNA adducts in the liver, intestine and various other tissues. We identified the critical substances in the plants as 1-methoxy-3-indolylmethyl (1-MIM) glucosinolate and its degradation product 1-MIM-OH. DNA adduct formation and the mutagenicity of 1-MIM-OH in cell models were drastically enhanced when human sulfotransferase (SULT) 1A1 was expressed. The aim of this study was to clarify the role of SULT1A1 in DNA adduct formation by 1-MIM-OH in mouse tissues in vivo. Furthermore, we compared the endogenous mouse Sult1a1 and transgenic human SULT1A1 in the activation of 1-MIM-OH using genetically modified mouse strains. We orally treated male wild-type (wt) and Sult1a1-knockout (ko) mice, as well as corresponding lines carrying the human SULT1A1-SULT1A2 gene cluster (tg and ko-tg), with 1-MIM-OH. N2-(1-MIM)-dG and N6-(1-MIM)-dA adducts in DNA were analysed using isotope-dilution UPLC-MS/MS. In the liver, caecum and colon adducts were abundant in mice expressing mouse and/or human SULT1A1, but were drastically reduced in ko mice (1.2-10.6% of wt). In the kidney and small intestine, adduct levels were high in mice carrying human SULT1A1-SULT1A2 genes, but low in wt and ko mice (1.8-6.3% of tg-ko). In bone marrow, adduct levels were very low, independently of the SULT1A1 status. In the stomach, they were high in all four lines. Thus, adduct formation was primarily controlled by SULT1A1 in five out of seven tissues studied, with a strong impact of differences in the tissue distribution of mouse and human SULT1A1. The behaviour of 1-MIM-OH in these models (levels and tissue distribution of DNA adducts; impact of SULTs) was similar to that of methyleugenol, classified as "probably carcinogenic to humans". Thus, there is a need to test 1-MIM-OH for carcinogenicity in animal models and to study its adduct formation in humans consuming brassicaceous foodstuff.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hansruedi Glatt
- Department Food Safety, Federal Institute of Risk Assessment (BfR), Max-Dohrn-Strasse 8–10, 10589 Berlin, Germany; (S.Y.W.); (A.E.); (A.L.)
- Department of Nutritional Toxicology, German Institute of Human Nutrition (DIfE), Potsdam-Rehbrücke, Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114–116, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany; (F.S.); (W.E.); (W.M.)
| | - Sarah Yasmin Weißenberg
- Department Food Safety, Federal Institute of Risk Assessment (BfR), Max-Dohrn-Strasse 8–10, 10589 Berlin, Germany; (S.Y.W.); (A.E.); (A.L.)
| | - Anke Ehlers
- Department Food Safety, Federal Institute of Risk Assessment (BfR), Max-Dohrn-Strasse 8–10, 10589 Berlin, Germany; (S.Y.W.); (A.E.); (A.L.)
| | - Alfonso Lampen
- Department Food Safety, Federal Institute of Risk Assessment (BfR), Max-Dohrn-Strasse 8–10, 10589 Berlin, Germany; (S.Y.W.); (A.E.); (A.L.)
| | - Albrecht Seidel
- Biochemical Institute for Environmental Carcinogens (BIU), Prof. Dr. Gernot Grimmer-Foundation, Lurup 4, 22927 Grosshansdorf, Germany;
| | - Fabian Schumacher
- Department of Nutritional Toxicology, German Institute of Human Nutrition (DIfE), Potsdam-Rehbrücke, Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114–116, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany; (F.S.); (W.E.); (W.M.)
- Institute of Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, Königin-Luise-Strasse 2–4, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Wolfram Engst
- Department of Nutritional Toxicology, German Institute of Human Nutrition (DIfE), Potsdam-Rehbrücke, Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114–116, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany; (F.S.); (W.E.); (W.M.)
| | - Walter Meinl
- Department of Nutritional Toxicology, German Institute of Human Nutrition (DIfE), Potsdam-Rehbrücke, Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114–116, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany; (F.S.); (W.E.); (W.M.)
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13
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Wang S, Gong X, Xiao F, Yang Y. Recent advances in host-focused molecular tools for investigating host-gut microbiome interactions. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1335036. [PMID: 38605718 PMCID: PMC11007152 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1335036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Microbial communities in the human gut play a significant role in regulating host gene expression, influencing a variety of biological processes. To understand the molecular mechanisms underlying host-microbe interactions, tools that can dissect signaling networks are required. In this review, we discuss recent advances in molecular tools used to study this interplay, with a focus on those that explore how the microbiome regulates host gene expression. These tools include CRISPR-based whole-body genetic tools for deciphering host-specific genes involved in the interaction process, Cre-loxP based tissue/cell-specific gene editing approaches, and in vitro models of host-derived organoids. Overall, the application of these molecular tools is revolutionizing our understanding of how host-microbiome interactions contribute to health and disease, paving the way for improved therapies and interventions that target microbial influences on the host.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyao Wang
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Centre for Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Big Data-Based Precision Medicine, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Beihang University, Beijing, China
| | - Xu Gong
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Centre for Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Big Data-Based Precision Medicine, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Beihang University, Beijing, China
| | - Fei Xiao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yun Yang
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Centre for Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Big Data-Based Precision Medicine, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Beihang University, Beijing, China
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14
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Wang Q, Wang F, Zhou Y, Li X, Xu S, Jin Q, Li W. Bacillus amyloliquefaciens SC06 Relieving Intestinal Inflammation by Modulating Intestinal Stem Cells Proliferation and Differentiation via AhR/STAT3 Pathway in LPS-Challenged Piglets. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:6096-6109. [PMID: 38484112 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c05956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Bacillus amyloliquefaciens is a well-accepted probiotic, with many benefits for both humans and animals. The ability of intestinal stem cells (ISCs) to develop into several intestinal epithelial cell types helps accelerate intestinal epithelial regeneration. Limited knowledge exists on how bacteria regulated ISCs proliferation and regeneration. Our study investigated the effects of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens supplementation on ISC proliferation and regeneration and intestinal mucosal barrier functions in piglets exposed to lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Eighteen piglets (male, 21 days old) were randomly split into 3 clusters: CON cluster, LPS cluster, and SC06+LPS cluster. On day 21, 100 μg/kg body weight of LPS was intraperitoneally administered to the SC06+LPS and LPS groups. We found SC06 supplementation maintained the intestinal barrier integrity, enhanced intestinal antioxidant capacity, reduced generation of inflammatory response, and suppressed enterocyte apoptosis against the deleterious effects triggered by LPS. In addition, our research indicated that the SC06 supplementation not only improved the ISC regeneration, but also resulted in upregulation of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) in LPS-challenge piglets. Further studies showed that SC06 also induced ISC differentiation toward goblet cells and inhibited their differentiation to intestinal absorptive cells and enterocytes. The coculture system of SC06 and ileum organoids revealed that SC06 increased the growth of ISCs and repaired LPS-induced organoid damage through activating the AhR/STAT3 signaling pathway. These findings showed that SC06, possibly through the AhR/STAT3 pathway, accelerated ISC proliferation and promoted epithelial barrier healing, providing a potential clinical treatment for IBD. Our research demonstrated that SC06 is effective in preventing intestinal epithelial damage after pathological injury, restoring intestinal homeostasis, and maintaining intestinal epithelial regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Nutrition of Education of Ministry, National Engineering Laboratory of Biological Feed Safety and Pollution Prevention and Control, Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Animal Nutrition and Feed Sciences, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Fei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Nutrition of Education of Ministry, National Engineering Laboratory of Biological Feed Safety and Pollution Prevention and Control, Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Animal Nutrition and Feed Sciences, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yuanhao Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Nutrition of Education of Ministry, National Engineering Laboratory of Biological Feed Safety and Pollution Prevention and Control, Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Animal Nutrition and Feed Sciences, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Xiang Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Nutrition of Education of Ministry, National Engineering Laboratory of Biological Feed Safety and Pollution Prevention and Control, Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Animal Nutrition and Feed Sciences, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Shujie Xu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Nutrition of Education of Ministry, National Engineering Laboratory of Biological Feed Safety and Pollution Prevention and Control, Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Animal Nutrition and Feed Sciences, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Qian Jin
- Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Nutrition of Education of Ministry, National Engineering Laboratory of Biological Feed Safety and Pollution Prevention and Control, Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Animal Nutrition and Feed Sciences, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Weifen Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Nutrition of Education of Ministry, National Engineering Laboratory of Biological Feed Safety and Pollution Prevention and Control, Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Animal Nutrition and Feed Sciences, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
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15
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Chen H, Sun L, Feng L, Han X, Zhang Y, Zhai W, Zhang Z, Mulholland M, Zhang W, Yin Y. Intermittent fasting promotes type 3 innate lymphoid cells secreting IL-22 contributing to the beigeing of white adipose tissue. eLife 2024; 12:RP91060. [PMID: 38536726 PMCID: PMC10972562 DOI: 10.7554/elife.91060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Mechanism underlying the metabolic benefit of intermittent fasting remains largely unknown. Here, we reported that intermittent fasting promoted interleukin-22 (IL-22) production by type 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3s) and subsequent beigeing of subcutaneous white adipose tissue. Adoptive transfer of intestinal ILC3s increased beigeing of white adipose tissue in diet-induced-obese mice. Exogenous IL-22 significantly increased the beigeing of subcutaneous white adipose tissue. Deficiency of IL-22 receptor (IL-22R) attenuated the beigeing induced by intermittent fasting. Single-cell sequencing of sorted intestinal immune cells revealed that intermittent fasting increased aryl hydrocarbon receptor signaling in ILC3s. Analysis of cell-cell ligand receptor interactions indicated that intermittent fasting may stimulate the interaction of ILC3s with dendritic cells and macrophages. These results establish the role of intestinal ILC3s in beigeing of white adipose tissue, suggesting that ILC3/IL-22/IL-22R axis contributes to the metabolic benefit of intermittent fasting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Chen
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Third Hospital, Peking UniversityBeijingChina
- State Key Laboratory of Female Fertility Promote, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Lijun Sun
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Third Hospital, Peking UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Lu Feng
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Third Hospital, Peking UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Xue Han
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Third Hospital, Peking UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Yunhua Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Third Hospital, Peking UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Wenbo Zhai
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Third Hospital, Peking UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Zehe Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Third Hospital, Peking UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Michael Mulholland
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan Medical CenterAnn ArborUnited States
| | - Weizhen Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Third Hospital, Peking UniversityBeijingChina
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan Medical CenterAnn ArborUnited States
| | - Yue Yin
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, and Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Peking UniversityBeijingChina
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16
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Horn V, Sonnenberg GF. Group 3 innate lymphoid cells in intestinal health and disease. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2024:10.1038/s41575-024-00906-3. [PMID: 38467885 DOI: 10.1038/s41575-024-00906-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
The gastrointestinal tract is an immunologically rich organ, containing complex cell networks and dense lymphoid structures that safeguard this large absorptive barrier from pathogens, contribute to tissue physiology and support mucosal healing. Simultaneously, the immune system must remain tolerant to innocuous dietary antigens and trillions of normally beneficial microorganisms colonizing the intestine. Indeed, a dysfunctional immune response in the intestine underlies the pathogenesis of numerous local and systemic diseases, including inflammatory bowel disease, food allergy, chronic enteric infections or cancers. Here, we discuss group 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3s), which have emerged as orchestrators of tissue physiology, immunity, inflammation, tolerance and malignancy in the gastrointestinal tract. ILC3s are abundant in the developing and healthy intestine but their numbers or function are altered during chronic disease and cancer. The latest studies provide new insights into the mechanisms by which ILC3s fundamentally shape intestinal homeostasis or disease pathophysiology, and often this functional dichotomy depends on context and complex interactions with other cell types or microorganisms. Finally, we consider how this knowledge could be harnessed to improve current treatments or provoke new opportunities for therapeutic intervention to promote gut health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronika Horn
- Jill Roberts Institute for Research in Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
- Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Gregory F Sonnenberg
- Jill Roberts Institute for Research in Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA.
- Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA.
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA.
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17
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Gao Y, Kennelly JP, Xiao X, Whang E, Ferrari A, Bedard AH, Mack JJ, Nguyen AH, Weston T, Uchiyama LF, Lee MS, Young SG, Bensinger SJ, Tontonoz P. T cell cholesterol transport is a metabolic checkpoint that links intestinal immune responses to dietary lipid absorption. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.03.08.584164. [PMID: 38559079 PMCID: PMC10979874 DOI: 10.1101/2024.03.08.584164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
The intrinsic pathways that control membrane organization in immune cells and the impact of such pathways on cellular function are not well defined. Here we report that the non-vesicular cholesterol transporter Aster-A links plasma membrane (PM) cholesterol availability in T cells to immune signaling and systemic metabolism. Aster-A is recruited to the PM during T-cell receptor (TCR) activation, where it facilitates the removal of newly generated "accessible" membrane cholesterol. Loss of Aster-A leads to excess PM cholesterol accumulation, resulting in enhanced TCR nano-clustering and signaling, and Th17 cytokine production. Finally, we show that the mucosal Th17 response is restrained by PM cholesterol remodeling. Ablation of Aster-A in T cells leads to enhanced IL-22 production, reduced intestinal fatty acid absorption, and resistance to diet-induced obesity. These findings delineate a multi-tiered regulatory scheme linking immune cell lipid flux to nutrient absorption and systemic physiology.
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Tang FL, Xie LW, Tang LF, Lu HY, Zhu RQ, Wang DF, Tian Y, Cai S, Li M. Fraxin (7-hydroxy-6-methoxycoumarin 8-glucoside) confers protection against ionizing radiation-induced intestinal epithelial injury in vitro and in vivo. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 129:111637. [PMID: 38335653 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.111637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
The small intestine exhibits remarkable sensitivity to ionizing radiation (IR), which significantly hampers the effectiveness of radiotherapy in the treatment of abdominal and pelvic tumors. Unfortunately, no effective medications are available to treat radiation-induced intestinal damage (RIID). Fraxin (7-hydroxy-6-methoxycoumarin 8-glucoside), is a coumarin derivative extracted from the Chinese herb Cortex Fraxini. Several studies have underscored the anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory properties of fraxin. However, the efficacy of fraxin at preventing or mitigating RIID remains unclear. Thus, the present study aimed to investigate the protective effects of fraxin against RIID in vitro and in vivo and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms. The study findings revealed that fraxin markedly ameliorated intestinal injuries induced by 13 Gy whole abdominal irradiation (WAI), which was accompanied by a significant increase in the population of Lgr5+ intestinal stem cells (ISCs) and Ki67+ progeny. Furthermore, fraxin mitigated WAI-induced intestinal barrier damage, and reduced oxidative stress and intestinal inflammation in mice. Transcriptome sequencing of fraxin-treated mice revealed upregulation of IL-22, a pleiotropic cytokine involved in regulating the function of intestinal epithelial cells. Moreover, in both human intestinal epithelial cells and ex vivo cultured mouse intestinal organoids, fraxin effectively ameliorated IR-induced damage by promoting the expression of IL-22. The radioprotective effects of fraxin were partially negated in the presence of an IL-22-neutralizing antibody. In summary, fraxin is demonstrated to possess the ability to alleviate RIID and maintain intestinal homeostasis, suggesting that fraxin might serve as a strategy for mitigating accidental radiation exposure- or radiotherapy-induced RIID.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng-Ling Tang
- Suzhou Key Laboratory for Radiation Oncology, Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, China; Institute of Radiotherapy and Oncology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, China
| | - Li-Wei Xie
- Suzhou Key Laboratory for Radiation Oncology, Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, China; Institute of Radiotherapy and Oncology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, China
| | - Lin-Feng Tang
- Suzhou Key Laboratory for Radiation Oncology, Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, China; State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Hai-Yan Lu
- Suzhou Key Laboratory for Radiation Oncology, Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, China; Institute of Radiotherapy and Oncology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, China
| | - Rui-Qiu Zhu
- Suzhou Key Laboratory for Radiation Oncology, Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, China; Institute of Radiotherapy and Oncology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, China
| | - Di-Fan Wang
- Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Ye Tian
- Suzhou Key Laboratory for Radiation Oncology, Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, China; Institute of Radiotherapy and Oncology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, China.
| | - Shang Cai
- Suzhou Key Laboratory for Radiation Oncology, Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, China; Institute of Radiotherapy and Oncology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, China.
| | - Ming Li
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.
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Ying Y, Song LY, Pang WL, Zhang SQ, Yu JZ, Liang PT, Li TG, Sun Y, Wang YY, Yan JY, Yang ZS. Astragalus polysaccharide protects experimental colitis through an aryl hydrocarbon receptor-dependent autophagy mechanism. Br J Pharmacol 2024; 181:681-697. [PMID: 37653584 DOI: 10.1111/bph.16229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Disruption of intestinal barriers plays a vital role in the pathogenesis of colitis. The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is a recognition sensor that mediates intestinal immune homeostasis and minimizes intestinal inflammation. Astragalus polysaccharide (APS) exerts pharmacological actions in colitis; however, the mechanism has not been elucidated. We investigated whether APS protects through AhR-dependent autophagy. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH The symptoms of dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis in mice involving intestinal barrier function and inflammatory injury were evaluated after APS administration. Intestinal-specific Becn1 conditional knockout (Becn1 cKO) mice were constructed and compared with wild-type mice. Autophagy and the effects of APS were investigated after the deactivation of AhRs. The relationship between APS-induced AhRs and autophagic Becn1 was investigated using a dual-luciferase reporter system and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP)-quantitative polymerase chain reaction assay. Caco-2 cells were used to investigate inflammatory responses and AhR-dependent autophagy. KEY RESULTS APS improved intestinal barrier function in inflammatory injury in colitis mice. APS triggered autophagic flow; however, knockout of Becn1 in the gut increased susceptibility to colitis, leading to diminished epithelial barrier function and severe intestinal inflammation, impairing the protective effects of APS. Mechanistically, APS-triggered autophagy depends on AhR expression. Activated AhR binds to the promoter Becn1 to operate transcription of genes involved in anti-inflammation and intestinal barrier repair, while deactivation of AhR correlated with intestinal inflammation and the therapeutic function of APS. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS APS protects colitis mice by targeting autophagy, especially as the AhR stimulates the repair of damaged intestinal barrier functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Ying
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Chronic Disease in Prevention and Treatment, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Li-Yun Song
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Chronic Disease in Prevention and Treatment, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Wen-Lin Pang
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Chronic Disease in Prevention and Treatment, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Si-Qi Zhang
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Chronic Disease in Prevention and Treatment, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Jing-Ze Yu
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of MOE, Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Peng-Tao Liang
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Chronic Disease in Prevention and Treatment, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Tian-Gang Li
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Chronic Disease in Prevention and Treatment, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Yi Sun
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Chronic Disease in Prevention and Treatment, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Yin-Ying Wang
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Chronic Disease in Prevention and Treatment, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Jin-Yuan Yan
- Central Laboratory, Kunming Medical University Second Hospital, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Zhong-Shan Yang
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Chronic Disease in Prevention and Treatment, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, China
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20
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Hausmann A, Steenholdt C, Nielsen OH, Jensen KB. Immune cell-derived signals governing epithelial phenotypes in homeostasis and inflammation. Trends Mol Med 2024; 30:239-251. [PMID: 38320941 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2024.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
The intestinal epithelium fulfills important physiological functions and forms a physical barrier to the intestinal lumen. Barrier function is regulated by several pathways, and its impairment contributes to the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), a chronic inflammatory condition affecting more than seven million people worldwide. Current treatment options specifically target inflammatory mediators and have led to improvement of clinical outcomes; however, a significant proportion of patients experience treatment failure. Pro-repair effects of inflammatory mediators on the epithelium are emerging. In this review we summarize current knowledge on involved epithelial pathways, identify open questions, and put recent findings into clinical perspective, and pro-repair effects. A detailed understanding of epithelial pathways integrating mucosal stimuli in homeostasis and inflammation is crucial for the development of novel, more targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annika Hausmann
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Stem Cell Medicine, reNEW, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark.
| | - Casper Steenholdt
- Department of Gastroenterology, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen, DK-2730 Herlev, Denmark
| | - Ole H Nielsen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen, DK-2730 Herlev, Denmark
| | - Kim B Jensen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Stem Cell Medicine, reNEW, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark.
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21
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Arnhold V, Chang WY, Jansen SA, Thangavelu G, Calafiore M, Vinci P, Fu YY, Ito T, Takashima S, Egorova A, Kuttiyara J, Perlstein A, van Hoesel M, Liu C, Blazar BR, Lindemans CA, Hanash AM. Corticosteroids impair epithelial regeneration in immune-mediated intestinal damage. J Clin Invest 2024; 134:e155880. [PMID: 38349762 PMCID: PMC10977993 DOI: 10.1172/jci155880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Corticosteroid treatment (CST) failure is associated with poor outcomes for patients with gastrointestinal (GI) graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). CST is intended to target the immune system, but the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) is widely expressed, including within the intestines, where its effects are poorly understood. Here, we report that corticosteroids (CS) directly targeted intestinal epithelium, potentially worsening immune-mediated GI damage. CS administered to mice in vivo and intestinal organoid cultures ex vivo reduced epithelial proliferation. Following irradiation, immediate CST mitigated GI damage but delayed treatment attenuated regeneration and exacerbated damage. In a murine steroid-refractory (SR) GVHD model, CST impaired epithelial regeneration, worsened crypt loss, and reduced intestinal stem cell (ISC) frequencies. CST also exacerbated immune-mediated damage in organoid cultures with SR, GR-deficient T cells or IFN-γ. These findings correlated with CS-dependent changes in apoptosis-related gene expression and STAT3-related epithelial proliferation. Conversely, IL-22 administration enhanced STAT3 activity and overcame CS-mediated attenuation of regeneration, reducing crypt loss and promoting ISC expansion in steroid-treated mice with GVHD. Therefore, CST has the potential to exacerbate GI damage if it fails to control the damage-inducing immune response, but this risk may be countered by strategies augmenting epithelial regeneration, thus providing a rationale for clinical approaches combining such tissue-targeted therapies with immunosuppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viktor Arnhold
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Winston Y. Chang
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
- Immunology and Microbial Pathogenesis Graduate Program, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA
| | - Suze A. Jansen
- Division of Pediatrics, Regenerative Medicine Center, University Medical Center (UMC) Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation, Princess Maximá Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Govindarajan Thangavelu
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Blood and Marrow Transplant and Cellular Therapy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Marco Calafiore
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Paola Vinci
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Ya-Yuan Fu
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Takahiro Ito
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Shuichiro Takashima
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Hematology, NHO Kyushu Medical Center, Fukuoka, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Anastasiya Egorova
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Jason Kuttiyara
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Adam Perlstein
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Marliek van Hoesel
- Division of Pediatrics, Regenerative Medicine Center, University Medical Center (UMC) Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation, Princess Maximá Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Chen Liu
- Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Bruce R. Blazar
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Blood and Marrow Transplant and Cellular Therapy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Caroline A. Lindemans
- Division of Pediatrics, Regenerative Medicine Center, University Medical Center (UMC) Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation, Princess Maximá Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Alan M. Hanash
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
- Immunology and Microbial Pathogenesis Graduate Program, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, and Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA
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22
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Klotskova H, Kidess E, Nadal AL, Brugman S. The role of interleukin-22 in mammalian intestinal homeostasis: Friend and foe. Immun Inflamm Dis 2024; 12:e1144. [PMID: 38363052 PMCID: PMC10870696 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.1144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-22 (IL-22) is an important cytokine in the intestinal environment. IL-22 is mainly produced by immune cells and targeted at nonimmune cells such as epithelial and stromal cells in a broad array of tissues such as -but not restricted to- the liver and adipose tissue. IL-22 therefore connects immune functions with metabolic functions of the host, and since it is induced by the microbiota, connects host functioning to the outside environment. IL-22 induces epithelial cell proliferation aiding in rapid epithelium regeneration and wound healing. Additionally, IL-22 activates antiapoptotic genes and DNA damage response pathways, enhancing epithelial cell survival. Recently, it has also been shown that IL-22 induces Paneth cell differentiation in humans. However, IL-22 can also contribute to intestinal epithelium damage and reduces microbial diversity in the intestine directly or indirectly by inducing excessive antimicrobial peptide production by epithelial cells. Moreover, IL-22 enhances angiogenesis and may therefore support tumorigenesis in the intestine. In conclusion, it appears that whether IL-22 has a beneficial or harmful effect in the mammalian intestine largely depends on its regulation. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the current literature and emphasizes that IL-22 signaling outcome depends on the timing and duration of IL-22 production, the presence of it regulators such as IL-22BP, and the specific location of the cytokine production in the gastrointestinal tract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hedi‐Britt Klotskova
- Host Microbe Interactomics, Animal Sciences GroupWageningen University and ResearchWageningenThe Netherlands
| | - Evelien Kidess
- Host Microbe Interactomics, Animal Sciences GroupWageningen University and ResearchWageningenThe Netherlands
| | - Adria L. Nadal
- Host Microbe Interactomics, Animal Sciences GroupWageningen University and ResearchWageningenThe Netherlands
| | - Sylvia Brugman
- Host Microbe Interactomics, Animal Sciences GroupWageningen University and ResearchWageningenThe Netherlands
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23
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Taguchi K, Sugahara S, Elias BC, Pabla NS, Canaud G, Brooks CR. IL-22 is secreted by proximal tubule cells and regulates DNA damage response and cell death in acute kidney injury. Kidney Int 2024; 105:99-114. [PMID: 38054920 PMCID: PMC11068062 DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2023.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) affects over 13 million people worldwide annually and is associated with a 4-fold increase in mortality. Our lab and others have shown that DNA damage response (DDR) governs the outcome of AKI in a bimodal manner. Activation of DDR sensor kinases protects against AKI, while hyperactivation of DDR effector proteins, such as p53, induces cell death and worsens AKI. The factors that trigger DDR to switch from pro-repair to pro-cell death remain to be resolved. Here we investigated the role of interleukin 22 (IL-22), an IL-10 family member whose receptor (IL-22RA1) is expressed on proximal tubule cells (PTCs), in DDR activation and AKI. Using cisplatin and aristolochic acid (AA) induced nephropathy as models of DNA damage, we identified PTCs as a novel source of urinary IL-22. Functionally, IL-22 binding IL-22RA1 on PTCs amplified the DDR. Treating primary PTCs with IL-22 alone induced rapid activation of the DDR. The combination of IL-22 and either cisplatin- or AA-induced cell death in primary PTCs, while the same dose of cisplatin or AA alone did not. Global deletion of IL-22 protected against cisplatin- or AA-induced AKI, reduced expression of DDR components, and inhibited PTC cell death. To confirm PTC IL-22 signaling contributed to AKI, we knocked out IL-22RA1 specifically in kidney tubule cells. IL-22RA1ΔTub mice displayed reduced DDR activation, cell death, and kidney injury compared to controls. Thus, targeting IL-22 represents a novel therapeutic approach to prevent the negative consequences of the DDR activation while not interfering with repair of damaged DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kensei Taguchi
- Division of Nephrology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Sho Sugahara
- Division of Nephrology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Bertha C Elias
- Division of Nephrology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Navjot S Pabla
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy & Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Guillaume Canaud
- Overgrowth Syndrome and Vascular Anomalies Unit, Hôpital Necker Enfants Malades, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Craig R Brooks
- Division of Nephrology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA; Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.
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24
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Mori A, Ohno H, Satoh-Takayama N. Disease pathogenesis and barrier functions regulated by group 3 innate lymphoid cells. Semin Immunopathol 2024; 45:509-519. [PMID: 38305897 DOI: 10.1007/s00281-024-01000-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
The mucosal surface is in constant contact with foreign antigens and is regulated by unique mechanisms that are different from immune responses in the peripheral organs. For the last several decades, only adaptive immune cells such as helper T (Th) cells, Th1, Th2, or Th17 were targeted to study a wide variety of immune responses in the mucosal tissues. However, since their discovery, innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) have been attracting attention as a unique subset of immune cells that provide border defense with various functions and tissue specificity. ILCs are classified into different groups based on cell differentiation and functions. Group 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3s) are particularly in close proximity to mucosal surfaces and therefore have the opportunity to be exposed to a variety of bacteria including pathogenic bacteria. In recent years, studies have also provided much evidence that ILC3s contribute to disease pathogenesis as well as the defense of mucosal surfaces by rapidly responding to pathogens and coordinating other immune cells. As the counterpart of helper T cells, ILC3s together with other ILC subsets establish the immune balance between adaptive and innate immunity in protecting us from invasion or encounter with non-self-antigens for maintaining a complex homeostasis. In this review, we summarize recent advances in our understanding of ILCs, with a particular focus on the function of ILC3s in their involvement in bacterial infection and disease pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayana Mori
- Immunobiology Laboratory, School of Science, Yokohama City University, 1-7-22, Suehiro, Tsurumi, Yokohama, 230-0045, Japan
- Laboratory for Intestinal Ecosystem, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, 1-7-22, Suehiro, Tsurumi, Yokohama City, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Ohno
- Laboratory for Intestinal Ecosystem, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, 1-7-22, Suehiro, Tsurumi, Yokohama City, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan
- Immunobiology Laboratory, Graduate School of Medical Life Science, Yokohama City University, 1-7-22, Suehiro, Tsurumi, Yokohama, 230-0045, Japan
- Laboratory for Immune Regulation, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan
| | - Naoko Satoh-Takayama
- Laboratory for Intestinal Ecosystem, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, 1-7-22, Suehiro, Tsurumi, Yokohama City, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan.
- Immunobiology Laboratory, Graduate School of Medical Life Science, Yokohama City University, 1-7-22, Suehiro, Tsurumi, Yokohama, 230-0045, Japan.
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25
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Messina JM, Luo M, Hossan MS, Gadelrab HA, Yang X, John A, Wilmore JR, Luo J. Unveiling cytokine charge disparity as a potential mechanism for immune regulation. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2023:S1359-6101(23)00091-6. [PMID: 38184374 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2023.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
Cytokines are small signaling proteins that regulate the immune responses to infection and tissue damage. Surface charges of cytokines determine their in vivo fate in immune regulation, e.g., half-life and distribution. The overall negative charges in the extracellular microenvironment and the acidosis during inflammation and infection may differentially impact cytokines with different surface charges for fine-tuned immune regulation via controlling tissue residential properties. However, the trend and role of cytokine surface charges has yet to be elucidated in the literature. Interestingly, we have observed that most pro-inflammatory cytokines have a negative charge, while most anti-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines have a positive charge. In this review, we extensively examined the surface charges of all cytokines and chemokines, summarized the pharmacokinetics and tissue adhesion of major cytokines, and analyzed the link of surface charge with cytokine biodistribution, activation, and function in immune regulation. Additionally, we identified that the general trend of charge disparity between pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines represents a unique opportunity to develop precise immune modulation approaches, which can be applied to many inflammation-associated diseases including solid tumors, chronic wounds, infection, and sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer M Messina
- Department of Pharmacology, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210, United States
| | - Minghao Luo
- Department of Clinical Medicine, 2nd Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, China
| | - Md Shanewaz Hossan
- Department of Pharmacology, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210, United States
| | - Hadil A Gadelrab
- Department of Pharmacology, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210, United States
| | - Xiguang Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210, United States
| | - Anna John
- Department of Pharmacology, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210, United States
| | - Joel R Wilmore
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210, United States; Upstate Sepsis Interdisciplinary Research Center, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210, United States
| | - Juntao Luo
- Department of Pharmacology, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210, United States; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210, United States; Department of Surgery, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210, United States; Upstate Cancer Center, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210, United States; Upstate Sepsis Interdisciplinary Research Center, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210, United States.
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26
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Xu Y, Zhao Z, Geng Z, Zhou H, Yang C, Wang Y, Kuerban B, Xiao Y, Luo G. Enhancement of recombinant human interleukin-22 production by fusing with human serum albumin and supplementing N-acetylcysteine in Pichia Pastoris. Protein Expr Purif 2023; 212:106360. [PMID: 37652392 DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2023.106360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Interleukin-22 (IL-22) plays an important role in the treatment of organ failure, which can induce anti-apoptotic and proliferative signaling pathways; Nevertheless, the practical utilization of IL-22 is hindered by the restricted efficacy of its production. Pichia pastoris presents a viable platform for both industrial and pharmaceutical applications. In this study, we successfully generated a fusion protein consisting of truncated human serum albumin and human IL-22 (HSA-hIL-22) using P. pastoris, and examined the impact of antioxidants on HSA-hIL-22 production. We have achieved the production of HSA-hIL-22 in the culture medium at a yield of approximately 2.25 mg/ml. Moreover, 0-40 mM ascorbic acid supplementation did not significantly affect HSA-hIL-22 production or the growth rate of the recombinant strain. However, 80 mM ascorbic acid treatment had a detrimental effect on the expression of HSA-hIL-22. In addition, 5-10 mM N-acetyl-l-cysteine (NAC) resulted in an increase of HSA-hIL-22 production, accompanied by a reduction in the growth rate of the recombinant strain. Conversely, 20-80 mM NAC supplementation inhibited the growth of the recombinant strains and reduced intact HSA-hIL-22 production. However, neither NAC nor ascorbic acid exhibited any effect on superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, except that NAC increased GSH content. Furthermore, our findings indicate that recombinant HSA-hIL-22, which demonstrated the ability to stimulate the proliferation of HepG2 cells, possesses bioactivity. In addition, NAC did not affect HSA-hIL-22 bioactivity. In conclusion, our study demonstrates that NAC supplementation can enhance the secretion of functional HSA-hIL-22 proteins produced in P. pastoris without compromising their activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingqing Xu
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, 212100, China.
| | - Ziming Zhao
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, 212100, China.
| | - Zijian Geng
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, 212100, China.
| | - Hongwei Zhou
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, 212100, China.
| | - Chengxi Yang
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, 212100, China.
| | - Yixing Wang
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, 212100, China.
| | - Buayisham Kuerban
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, 212100, China.
| | - Yimeng Xiao
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, 212100, China.
| | - Gang Luo
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, 212100, China.
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27
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Srivastava RK, Sapra L, Bhardwaj A, Mishra PK, Verma B, Baig Z. Unravelling the immunobiology of innate lymphoid cells (ILCs): Implications in health and disease. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2023; 74:56-75. [PMID: 37743134 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2023.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs), a growing class of immune cells, imitate the appearance and abilities of T cells. However, unlike T cells, ILCs lack acquired antigen receptors, and they also do not undergo clonal selection or proliferation in response to antigenic stimuli. Despite lacking antigen-specific receptors, ILCs respond quickly to signals from infected or damaged tissues and generate an array of cytokines that regulate the development of adaptive immune response. ILCs can be categorized into four types based on their signature cytokines and transcription factors: ILC1, ILC2, ILC3 (including Lymphoid Tissue inducer- LTi cells), and regulatory ILCs (ILCregs). ILCs play key functions in controlling and resolving inflammation, and variations in their proportion are linked to various pathological diseases including cancer, gastrointestinal, pulmonary, and skin diseases. We highlight current advancements in the biology and classification of ILCs in this review. Additionally, we provide a thorough overview of their contributions to several inflammatory bone-related pathologies, including osteoporosis, rheumatoid arthritis, periodontitis, and ankylosing spondylitis. Understanding the multiple functions of ILCs in both physiological and pathological conditions will further mobilize future research towards targeting ILCs for therapeutic purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rupesh K Srivastava
- Translational Immunology, Osteoimmunology & Immunoporosis Lab (TIOIL), Department of Biotechnology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi 110029, India.
| | - Leena Sapra
- Translational Immunology, Osteoimmunology & Immunoporosis Lab (TIOIL), Department of Biotechnology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi 110029, India
| | - Asha Bhardwaj
- Translational Immunology, Osteoimmunology & Immunoporosis Lab (TIOIL), Department of Biotechnology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi 110029, India
| | | | - Bhupendra Verma
- Department of Biotechnology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences(AIIMS), New Delhi-110029, India
| | - Zainab Baig
- Translational Immunology, Osteoimmunology & Immunoporosis Lab (TIOIL), Department of Biotechnology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi 110029, India
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28
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Wang K, Zhou M, Si H, Ma J. Gut microbiota-mediated IL-22 alleviates metabolic inflammation. Life Sci 2023; 334:122229. [PMID: 37922980 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.122229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023]
Abstract
Low-grade chronic inflammation, also known as metabolic inflammation, promotes the development of metabolic diseases. Increasing evidence suggests that changes in gut microbes and metabolites disrupt the integrity of the gut barrier and exert significant effects on the metabolism of various tissues, including the liver and adipose tissue, thereby contributing to metabolic inflammation. We observed that IL-22 is a key signaling molecule that serves as a bridge between intestinal microbes and the host, effectively alleviating metabolic inflammation by modulating the host immunomodulatory network. Here, we focused on elucidating the underlying mechanisms by which the gut microbiota and their metabolites reduce inflammation via IL-22, highlighting the favorable impact of IL-22 on metabolic inflammation. Furthermore, we discuss the potential of IL-22 as a therapeutic target for the management of metabolic inflammation and related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaijun Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, Guangxi, China; Animal Nutritional Genome and Germplasm Innovation Research Center, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, Hunan, China
| | - Miao Zhou
- Animal Nutritional Genome and Germplasm Innovation Research Center, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, Hunan, China
| | - Hongbin Si
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, Guangxi, China
| | - Jie Ma
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, Guangxi, China.
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29
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Wan T, Wang Y, He K, Zhu S. Microbial sensing in the intestine. Protein Cell 2023; 14:824-860. [PMID: 37191444 PMCID: PMC10636641 DOI: 10.1093/procel/pwad028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota plays a key role in host health and disease, particularly through their interactions with the immune system. Intestinal homeostasis is dependent on the symbiotic relationships between the host and the diverse gut microbiota, which is influenced by the highly co-evolved immune-microbiota interactions. The first step of the interaction between the host and the gut microbiota is the sensing of the gut microbes by the host immune system. In this review, we describe the cells of the host immune system and the proteins that sense the components and metabolites of the gut microbes. We further highlight the essential roles of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), the G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) and the nuclear receptors expressed in the intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) and the intestine-resident immune cells. We also discuss the mechanisms by which the disruption of microbial sensing because of genetic or environmental factors causes human diseases such as the inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Wan
- Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, Institute of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
| | - Yalong Wang
- Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, Institute of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
| | - Kaixin He
- Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, Institute of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
| | - Shu Zhu
- Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, Institute of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
- Department of Digestive Disease, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230001, China
- Institute of Health and Medicine, Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, Hefei 230601, China
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30
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Moniruzzaman M, Rahman MA, Wang R, Wong KY, Chen ACH, Mueller A, Taylor S, Harding A, Illankoon T, Wiid P, Sajiir H, Schreiber V, Burr LD, McGuckin MA, Phipps S, Hasnain SZ. Interleukin-22 suppresses major histocompatibility complex II in mucosal epithelial cells. J Exp Med 2023; 220:e20230106. [PMID: 37695525 PMCID: PMC10494524 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20230106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) II is dynamically expressed on mucosal epithelial cells and is induced in response to inflammation and parasitic infections, upon exposure to microbiota, and is increased in chronic inflammatory diseases. However, the regulation of epithelial cell-specific MHC II during homeostasis is yet to be explored. We discovered a novel role for IL-22 in suppressing epithelial cell MHC II partially via the regulation of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, using animals lacking the interleukin-22-receptor (IL-22RA1), primary human and murine intestinal and respiratory organoids, and murine models of respiratory virus infection or with intestinal epithelial cell defects. IL-22 directly downregulated interferon-γ-induced MHC II on primary epithelial cells by modulating the expression of MHC II antigen A α (H2-Aα) and Class II transactivator (Ciita), a master regulator of MHC II gene expression. IL-22RA1-knockouts have significantly higher MHC II expression on mucosal epithelial cells. Thus, while IL-22-based therapeutics improve pathology in chronic disease, their use may increase susceptibility to viral infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Moniruzzaman
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- Immunopathology Group, Translational Research Institute, Mater Research Institute—The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - M. Arifur Rahman
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- Immunopathology Group, Translational Research Institute, Mater Research Institute—The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Ran Wang
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- Immunopathology Group, Translational Research Institute, Mater Research Institute—The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Kuan Yau Wong
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- Immunopathology Group, Translational Research Institute, Mater Research Institute—The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Alice C.-H. Chen
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- Immunopathology Group, Translational Research Institute, Mater Research Institute—The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Alexandra Mueller
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- Immunopathology Group, Translational Research Institute, Mater Research Institute—The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Steven Taylor
- South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Alexa Harding
- Immunopathology Group, Translational Research Institute, Mater Research Institute—The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Thishan Illankoon
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- Immunopathology Group, Translational Research Institute, Mater Research Institute—The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Percival Wiid
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- Immunopathology Group, Translational Research Institute, Mater Research Institute—The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Haressh Sajiir
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- Immunopathology Group, Translational Research Institute, Mater Research Institute—The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Veronika Schreiber
- Immunopathology Group, Translational Research Institute, Mater Research Institute—The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Lucy D. Burr
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- Immunopathology Group, Translational Research Institute, Mater Research Institute—The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Mater Health, South Brisbane, Australia
| | - Michael A. McGuckin
- Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Simon Phipps
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- Respiratory Immunology Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Australia
| | - Sumaira Z. Hasnain
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- Immunopathology Group, Translational Research Institute, Mater Research Institute—The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
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31
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Long D, Mao C, Zhang Z, Zou J, Zhu Y. Visual analysis of colorectal cancer and gut microbiota: A bibliometric analysis from 2002 to 2022. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e35727. [PMID: 37933041 PMCID: PMC10627710 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000035727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023] Open
Abstract
A growing number of studies have shown that gut microbiota (GM) plays an essential role in the occurrence and development of colorectal cancer (CRC). The current body of research exploring the relationship between CRC and GM is vast. Nevertheless, bibliometric studies in this area have not yet been reported. This study aimed to explore the hotspots and frontiers of research on GM and CRC in the past 20 years, which may provide a reference for researchers in this field. The Web of Science Core Collection database was searched for publications on CRC and GM from 2002 to 2022. The scientometric softwares CiteSpace and VOSviewer were used to visually analyze the countries, institutions, authors, journals, and keywords involved in the literature. Keywords co-occurrence, cluster, and burst analysis were utilized to further explore the current state and development trends of research on GM and CRC. A total of 2158 publications were included in this study, with a noticeably rising annual publication trend. The majority of these papers are from 80 nations, primarily China and the USA. J Yu was the most active author and WS Garrett has the highest citation. Among all institutions, Shanghai Jiao Tong University has the largest number of papers. Most of the publications were published in the International Journal of Molecular Sciences, with Science being the most frequently cited journal. The 4 main clusters mainly involved probiotics, inflammation, molecular mechanisms, and research methods. Current research hotspots included "Fusobacterium nucleatum," "Escherichia coli," etc. Newly emerging research has focused predominantly on immune response, gene expression, and recent strategies for the treatment of CRC with GM. The relationship between GM and CRC will continue to be a hot research area. Changes in the composition of GM in patients with CRC, the potential molecular mechanisms as well as probiotics and natural products used in the treatment of CRC have been the focus of current research and hotspots for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Long
- The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Chenhan Mao
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhensheng Zhang
- The First Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Zhanjiang City, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Junjun Zou
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ying Zhu
- The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Liu B, Gao Y, Liu X, Lian Q, Li Y. Tripartite motif containing 59 mediates protective anti-oxidative effects in intestinal injury through Nrf2 signaling. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 124:110896. [PMID: 37729796 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
Elevated evidence has reported the important role of oxidative stress injury and inflammatory response in the progression of colitis. Tumor Suppressor TSBF1, TRIM59, is a ubiquitin E3 ligase and mediates immune response. However, the underlying molecular function of TRIM59 on regulation of colitis is still not understood. In the current study, we identify the TRIM59 as a critical and novel endogenous suppressor of kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (KEAP1), and we also determine that TRIM59 is a KEAP1-interacting partner protein that catalyses its ubiquitination and degradation in intestinal epithelial cells (IEC). Moreover, IEC-specific loss of the Trim59 disrupts colon metabolic homeostasis, accompanied by intestinal oxidative stress injury, elevated endogenous reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and pro-inflammatory cytokines release, significantly promotes acute or chronic colitis progression. Conversely, transgenic mice with Trim59 overexpression by adeno-associated virus (AAV)-induced Trim59 gene therapeutics mitigates colitis in acute or chronic colitis rodent models and in vitro experiments. Mechanistically, in response to onset of colitis, TRIM59 directly interacts with KEAP1 and promotes ubiquitin-proteasome degradation, thus results in NRF2 activation and its downstream cascade anti-oxidative stress-related pathway activation, which facilitates anti-oxidant defense and reduces tissue damage. All the findings elucidated the potential role of TRIM59 in colitis progression by mediating KEAP1 deactivation and degradation, and could be considered as a therapeutic target for the treatment of such disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250117, China
| | - Yongsheng Gao
- Department of Pathology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250117, China
| | - Xin Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250117, China
| | - Qin Lian
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250117, China
| | - Yanliang Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250117, China.
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Nakatani A, Okumura R, Ishibashi A, Okamoto S, Sakaki K, Ito Y, Okuzaki D, Inohara H, Takeda K. Differential dependence on microbiota of IL-23/IL-22-dependent gene expression between the small- and large-intestinal epithelia. Genes Cells 2023; 28:776-788. [PMID: 37680073 DOI: 10.1111/gtc.13065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
In the intestine, interleukin (IL)-23 and IL-22 from immune cells in the lamina propria contribute to maintenance of the gut epithelial barrier through the induction of antimicrobial production and the promotion of epithelial cell proliferation. Several previous studies suggested that some of the functions of the IL-23/IL-22 axis on intestinal epithelial cells are shared between the small and large intestines. However, the similarities and differences of the IL-23/IL-22 axis on epithelial cells between these two anatomical sites remain unclear. Here, we comprehensively analyzed the gene expression of intestinal epithelial cells in the ileum and colon of germ-free, Il23-/- , and Il22-/- mice by RNA-sequencing. We found that while the IL-23/IL-22 axis is largely dependent on gut microbiota in the small intestine, it is much less dependent on it in the large intestine. In addition, the negative regulation of lipid metabolism in the epithelial cells by IL-23 and IL-22 in the small intestine was revealed, whereas the positive regulation of epithelial cell proliferation by IL-23 and IL-22 in the large intestine was highlighted. These findings shed light on the intestinal site-specific role of the IL-23/IL-22 axis in maintaining the physiological functions of intestinal epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayaka Nakatani
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ryu Okumura
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
- WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
- Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiative, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Airi Ishibashi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shota Okamoto
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kei Sakaki
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yuki Ito
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Daisuke Okuzaki
- WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
- Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiative, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
- Genome Information Research Center, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
- Center for Infectious Disease Education and Research, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hidenori Inohara
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Takeda
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
- WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
- Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiative, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
- Center for Infectious Disease Education and Research, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
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Lee IS, Van Dyken SJ. Both Horatio and Polonius: Innate Lymphoid Cells in Tissue Homeostasis and Repair. Immunohorizons 2023; 7:729-736. [PMID: 37916861 PMCID: PMC10695417 DOI: 10.4049/immunohorizons.2300053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) have emerged as critical tissue-resident lymphocytes that coordinate responses to environmental stress and injury. Traditionally, their function was thought to mirror adaptive lymphocytes that respond to specific pathogens. However, recent work has uncovered a more central role for ILCs in maintaining homeostasis even in the absence of infection. ILCs are now better conceptualized as an environmental rheostat that helps maintain the local tissue setpoint during environmental challenge by integrating sensory stimuli to direct homeostatic barrier and repair programs. In this article, we trace the developmental origins of ILCs, relate how ILCs sense danger signals, and describe their subsequent engagement of appropriate repair responses using a general paradigm of ILCs functioning as central controllers in tissue circuits. We propose that these interactions form the basis for how ILC subsets maintain organ function and organismal homeostasis, with important implications for human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Intelly S. Lee
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Steven J. Van Dyken
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
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Zhang H, Wu J, Li N, Wu R, Chen W. Microbial influence on triggering and treatment of host cancer: An intestinal barrier perspective. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2023; 1878:188989. [PMID: 37742727 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2023.188989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is associated with complex complications that may lead to tumors. However, research on the mechanisms underlying susceptibility to chronic immune diseases and cancer pathogenesis triggered by the inflammatory environment remains limited. An imbalance in the host gut microbiota often accompanies intestinal inflammation. The delayed recovery of the dysregulated intestinal microbiota may exacerbate systemic inflammatory responses, multiorgan pathology, and metabolic disorders. This delay may also facilitate bacterial translocation. This review examined the relationship between gut barrier disruption and unbalanced microbial translocation and their impact on the brain, liver, and lungs. We also explored their potential roles in tumor initiation. Notably, the role of the intestinal microbiota in the development of inflammation is linked to the immune surveillance function of the small intestine and the repair status of the intestinal barrier. Moreover, adherence to a partially anti-inflammatory diet can aid in preventing the malignant transformation of inflammation by repairing the intestinal barrier and significantly reducing inflammation. In conclusion, enhancing intestinal barrier function may be a novel strategy for preventing and treating chronic malignancies in the intestine and other body areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henan Zhang
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, PR China; Engineering Research Center of Food Fermentation Technology, Shenyang 110161, PR China
| | - Junrui Wu
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, PR China; Key Laboratory of Microbial Fermentation Technology Innovation, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, PR China
| | - Na Li
- Children's Neurorehabilitation Laboratory, Shenyang Children's Hospital, Shenyang, PR China
| | - Rina Wu
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, PR China; Engineering Research Center of Food Fermentation Technology, Shenyang 110161, PR China.
| | - Wei Chen
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.
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Zhao M, Xie X, Xu B, Chen Y, Cai Y, Chen K, Guan X, Ni C, Luo X, Zhou L. Paeonol alleviates ulcerative colitis in mice by increasing short-chain fatty acids derived from Clostridium butyricum. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 120:155056. [PMID: 37703619 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.155056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increasing evidence suggests that repairing the damaged intestinal epithelial barrier and restoring its function is the key to solving the problem of prolonged ulcerative colitis. Previous studies have shown that paeonol (pae) can alleviate colitis by down-regulating inflammatory pathways. In addition, pae also has a certain effect on regulating intestinal flora. However, it remains unclear whether pae can play a role in repairing the intestinal barrier and whether there is a relationship between the therapeutic effect and the gut microbiota. PURPOSES The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of pae on intestinal barrier repair in UC mice and how the gut microbiota plays a part in it. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS The therapeutic effect of pae was evaluated in a 3% DSS-induced UC mouse model. The role of pae in repairing the intestinal barrier was evaluated by detecting colonic cupped cells by Alcian blue staining, the expression of colonic epithelial tight junction protein by immunofluorescence and western blot, and the proportion of IL-22+ILC3 cells in the lamina propria lymphocytes by flow cytometry. Subsequently, 16S rRNA sequencing was used to observe the changes in intestinal flora, GC-MS was used to detect the level of SCFAs, and qPCR was used to identify the abundance of Clostridium butyricum in the intestine to evaluate the effect of pae on the gut microbiota. The antibiotic-mediated depletion of the gut flora was then used to verify that pae depends on C. butyricum to play a healing role. Finally, non-targeted metabolomics was employed to investigate the potential pathways of pae regulating C. butyricum. RESULTS Pae could improve intestinal microecological imbalance and promote the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). Most importantly, we identified C. butyricum as a key bacterium responsible for the intestinal barrier repair effect of pae in UC mice. Eradication of intestinal flora by antibiotics abolished the repair of the intestinal barrier and the promotion of SCFAs production by pae, while C. butyricum colonization could restore the therapeutic effects of pae in UC mice, which further confirmed that C. butyricum was indeed the "driver bacterium" of pae in UC treatment. Untargeted metabolomics showed that pae regulated some amino acid metabolism and 2-Oxocarboxylic acid metabolism in C. butyricum. CONCLUSIONS Our study showed that the restoration of the impaired intestinal barrier by pae to alleviate colitis is associated with increased C. butyricum and SCFAs production, which may be a promising strategy for the treatment of UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xueqian Xie
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bo Xu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yunliang Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanping Cai
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kehan Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinling Guan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chen Ni
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xia Luo
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Lian Zhou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.
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Kemter AM, Patry RT, Arnold J, Hesser LA, Campbell E, Ionescu E, Mimee M, Wang S, Nagler CR. Commensal bacteria signal through TLR5 and AhR to improve barrier integrity and prevent allergic responses to food. Cell Rep 2023; 42:113153. [PMID: 37742185 PMCID: PMC10697505 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.113153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The increasing prevalence of food allergies has been linked to reduced commensal microbial diversity. In this article, we describe two features of allergy-protective Clostridia that contribute to their beneficial effects. Some Clostridial taxa bear flagella (a ligand for TLR5) and produce indole (a ligand for the aryl hydrocarbon receptor [AhR]). Lysates and flagella from a Clostridia consortium induced interleukin-22 (IL-22) secretion from ileal explants. IL-22 production is abrogated in explants from mice in which TLR5 or MyD88 signaling is deficient either globally or conditionally in CD11c+ antigen-presenting cells. AhR signaling in RORγt+ cells is necessary for the induction of IL-22. Mice deficient in AhR in RORγt+ cells exhibit increased intestinal permeability and are more susceptible to an anaphylactic response to food. Our findings implicate TLR5 and AhR signaling in a molecular mechanism by which commensal Clostridia protect against allergic responses to food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea M Kemter
- Department of Pathology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Robert T Patry
- Department of Pathology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Jack Arnold
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Lauren A Hesser
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Evelyn Campbell
- Committee on Microbiology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Edward Ionescu
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Mark Mimee
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; Committee on Microbiology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Shan Wang
- Department of Pathology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Cathryn R Nagler
- Department of Pathology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; Committee on Immunology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
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Wang Y, Lou R, Zhang Z, Xiao C, Yu S, Wei S, Liu Y, Fu W, Li B, Chen YG. Stromal BMP signaling regulates mucin production in the large intestine via interleukin-1/17. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadi1827. [PMID: 37889976 PMCID: PMC10610902 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adi1827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
Bone morphogenic protein (BMP) signaling is critical for intestinal development, homeostasis, and function performance. Although the function of BMP signaling in the intestinal epithelium is well appreciated, the direct effect of BMP on intestinal stromal cells is poorly understood. Here, we show that disruption of BMP signaling by genetic ablation of Alk3 or Smad4 expands the stromal cell pool, the mucosa tumefaction, and colonic polyposis in the large intestine. Interleukin (IL) secretion by stromal cells is notably increased, including IL-1, IL-11, and IL-17. Specifically, IL-1 and IL-17a hyperactivate the mucin production by goblet cells through nuclear factor κB signaling, and abnormal mucin accumulation results in the morphological changes, epithelial barrier destruction, and polyposis development. Together, our results provide an insight into the role of BMP signaling in intestinal stromal cells to regulate epithelium function. This study further highlights the role of mucin-producing goblet cells in intestinal homeostasis and colitis development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yalong Wang
- The State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, China
- Guangzhou National Laboratory, Guangzhou 510005, China
| | - Ruoyu Lou
- The State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Zhe Zhang
- Guangzhou National Laboratory, Guangzhou 510005, China
- School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Chuyu Xiao
- The State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Shicheng Yu
- Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, China
- Guangzhou National Laboratory, Guangzhou 510005, China
| | - Siting Wei
- The State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yuan Liu
- The State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Wei Fu
- Department of General Surgery, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Baojie Li
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Ye-Guang Chen
- The State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Guangzhou National Laboratory, Guangzhou 510005, China
- School of Basic Medicine, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
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Koprivica I, Stanisavljević S, Mićanović D, Jevtić B, Stojanović I, Miljković Đ. ILC3: a case of conflicted identity. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1271699. [PMID: 37915588 PMCID: PMC10616800 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1271699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Innate lymphoid cells type 3 (ILC3s) are the first line sentinels at the mucous tissues, where they contribute to the homeostatic immune response in a major way. Also, they have been increasingly appreciated as important modulators of chronic inflammatory and autoimmune responses, both locally and systemically. The proper identification of ILC3 is of utmost importance for meaningful studies on their role in immunity. Flow cytometry is the method of choice for the detection and characterization of ILC3. However, the analysis of ILC3-related papers shows inconsistency in ILC3 phenotypic definition, as different inclusion and exclusion markers are used for their identification. Here, we present these discrepancies in the phenotypic characterization of human and mouse ILC3s. We discuss the pros and cons of using various markers for ILC3 identification. Furthermore, we consider the possibilities for the efficient isolation and propagation of ILC3 from different organs and tissues for in-vitro and in-vivo studies. This paper calls upon uniformity in ILC3 definition, isolation, and propagation for the increased possibility of confluent interpretation of ILC3's role in immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Đorđe Miljković
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković” - National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
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40
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Li S, Sun Y. Phytochemicals targeting epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) for the prevention and treatment of HNSCC: A review. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e34439. [PMID: 37800790 PMCID: PMC10553117 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000034439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) develops from the mucosal epithelium of the oral cavity, pharynx, and larynx, and is the most common malignancy of the head and neck, the incidence of which continues to rise. The epidermal growth factor receptor is thought to play a key role in the pathogenesis of HNSCC. Inhibition of epidermal growth factor receptor has been identified as an effective target for the treatment of HNSCC. Many phytochemicals have emerged as potential new drugs for the treatment of HNSCC. A systematic search was conducted for research articles published in PubMed, and Medline on relevant aspects. This review provides an overview of the available literature and reports highlighting the in vitro effects of phytochemicals on epidermal growth factor in various HNSCC cell models and in vivo in animal models and emphasizes the importance of epidermal growth factor as a current therapeutic target for HNSCC. Based on our review, we conclude that phytochemicals targeting the epidermal growth factor receptor are potentially effective candidates for the development of new drugs for the treatment of HNSCC. It provides an idea for further development and application of herbal medicines for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaling Li
- The Affiliated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Southwest Medical University, Longmatan District, Luzhou City, Sichuan Province, China
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41
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Shao F, Liu Z, Wei Q, Yu D, Zhao M, Zhang X, Gao X, Fan Z, Wang S. FOXO1 orchestrates the intestinal homeostasis via neuronal signaling in group 3 innate lymphoid cells. J Exp Med 2023; 220:e20230133. [PMID: 37549024 PMCID: PMC10405431 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20230133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The neuro-immune regulation is associated with homeostasis of the intestine. Intestinal group 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3s) are tissue-resident lymphocytes whose functions are affected by the intestine niche. However, how a gut neuronal signal coordinates the immune response of ILC3s is largely unknown. Here, we found that cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) signaling exacerbated the inflammatory response and attenuated the expression level of the transcription factor forkhead box O1 (FOXO1) in ILC3s. Deficiency of FOXO1 drove the hyperactivation of ILC3s and resulted in gut inflammation independently of T cells. Mechanistically, FOXO1 promoted the transcription of neuropeptide receptor VIPR2 and inhibited the transcription of adrenoceptor ADRA2A in ILC3s. FOXO1-related regulation of VIPR2 and ADRA2A signaling balanced the activation of ILC3s under steady condition or during colitis. Moreover, chronic stress elevated cAMP level and downregulated FOXO1 level, exacerbating intestinal inflammation. Our findings reveal that FOXO1 balances the activation of ILC3s via VIP and adrenergic signaling and regulates intestinal homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Shao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhen Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qinglin Wei
- Department of Gastroenterology, Seventh Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Department of Cadre Diagnosis and Treatment, Seventh Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Dou Yu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Min Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xusheng Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xintong Gao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zusen Fan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shuo Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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42
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Opitz CA, Holfelder P, Prentzell MT, Trump S. The complex biology of aryl hydrocarbon receptor activation in cancer and beyond. Biochem Pharmacol 2023; 216:115798. [PMID: 37696456 PMCID: PMC10570930 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) signaling pathway is a complex regulatory network that plays a critical role in various biological processes, including cellular metabolism, development, and immune responses. The complexity of AHR signaling arises from multiple factors, including the diverse ligands that activate the receptor, the expression level of AHR itself, and its interaction with the AHR nuclear translocator (ARNT). Additionally, the AHR crosstalks with the AHR repressor (AHRR) or other transcription factors and signaling pathways and it can also mediate non-genomic effects. Finally, posttranslational modifications of the AHR and its interaction partners, epigenetic regulation of AHR and its target genes, as well as AHR-mediated induction of enzymes that degrade AHR-activating ligands may contribute to the context-specificity of AHR activation. Understanding the complexity of AHR signaling is crucial for deciphering its physiological and pathological roles and developing therapeutic strategies targeting this pathway. Ongoing research continues to unravel the intricacies of AHR signaling, shedding light on the regulatory mechanisms controlling its diverse functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christiane A Opitz
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Division of Metabolic Crosstalk in Cancer and the German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), DKFZ Core Center Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Neurology Clinic and National Center for Tumor Diseases, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Pauline Holfelder
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Division of Metabolic Crosstalk in Cancer and the German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), DKFZ Core Center Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Faculty of Bioscience, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Mirja Tamara Prentzell
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Division of Metabolic Crosstalk in Cancer and the German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), DKFZ Core Center Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Faculty of Bioscience, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Saskia Trump
- Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Berlin Institute of Health at Charité and the German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Berlin, a partnership between DKFZ and Charité -Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
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43
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Wang P, Kljavin N, Nguyen TTT, Storm EE, Marsh B, Jiang J, Lin W, Menon H, Piskol R, de Sauvage FJ. Adrenergic nerves regulate intestinal regeneration through IL-22 signaling from type 3 innate lymphoid cells. Cell Stem Cell 2023; 30:1166-1178.e8. [PMID: 37597516 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2023.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/21/2023]
Abstract
The intestinal epithelium has high intrinsic turnover rate, and the precise renewal of the epithelium is dependent on the microenvironment. The intestine is innervated by a dense network of peripheral nerves that controls various aspects of intestinal physiology. However, the role of neurons in regulating epithelial cell regeneration remains largely unknown. Here, we investigated the effects of gut-innervating adrenergic nerves on epithelial cell repair following irradiation (IR)-induced injury. We observed that adrenergic nerve density in the small intestine increased post IR, while chemical adrenergic denervation impaired epithelial regeneration. Single-cell RNA sequencing experiments revealed a decrease in IL-22 signaling post IR in denervated animals. Combining pharmacologic and genetic tools, we demonstrate that β-adrenergic receptor signaling drives IL-22 production from type 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3s) post IR, which in turn promotes epithelial regeneration. These results define an adrenergic-ILC3 axis important for intestinal regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Putianqi Wang
- Molecular Oncology, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Noelyn Kljavin
- Molecular Oncology, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Thi Thu Thao Nguyen
- Oncology Bioinformatics, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Elaine E Storm
- Molecular Oncology, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Bryan Marsh
- Molecular Oncology, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Jian Jiang
- Research Pathology, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - William Lin
- Research Pathology, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Hari Menon
- Microchemistry, Proteomics, Lipidomics and Next Generation Sequencing, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Robert Piskol
- Oncology Bioinformatics, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
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44
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Major J, Crotta S, Finsterbusch K, Chakravarty P, Shah K, Frederico B, D'Antuono R, Green M, Meader L, Suarez-Bonnet A, Priestnall S, Stockinger B, Wack A. Endothelial AHR activity prevents lung barrier disruption in viral infection. Nature 2023; 621:813-820. [PMID: 37587341 PMCID: PMC7615136 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-06287-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
Disruption of the lung endothelial-epithelial cell barrier following respiratory virus infection causes cell and fluid accumulation in the air spaces and compromises vital gas exchange function1. Endothelial dysfunction can exacerbate tissue damage2,3, yet it is unclear whether the lung endothelium promotes host resistance against viral pathogens. Here we show that the environmental sensor aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) is highly active in lung endothelial cells and protects against influenza-induced lung vascular leakage. Loss of AHR in endothelia exacerbates lung damage and promotes the infiltration of red blood cells and leukocytes into alveolar air spaces. Moreover, barrier protection is compromised and host susceptibility to secondary bacterial infections is increased when endothelial AHR is missing. AHR engages tissue-protective transcriptional networks in endothelia, including the vasoactive apelin-APJ peptide system4, to prevent a dysplastic and apoptotic response in airway epithelial cells. Finally, we show that protective AHR signalling in lung endothelial cells is dampened by the infection itself. Maintenance of protective AHR function requires a diet enriched in naturally occurring AHR ligands, which activate disease tolerance pathways in lung endothelia to prevent tissue damage. Our findings demonstrate the importance of endothelial function in lung barrier immunity. We identify a gut-lung axis that affects lung damage following encounters with viral pathogens, linking dietary composition and intake to host fitness and inter-individual variations in disease outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack Major
- Immunoregulation Laboratory, Francis Crick Institute, London, UK.
- Laboratory of Epithelial Barrier Immunity, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Stefania Crotta
- Immunoregulation Laboratory, Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | | | | | - Kathleen Shah
- AhRimmunity Laboratory, Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
- Immunology Research Unit, GSK, Stevenage, UK
| | - Bruno Frederico
- Immunobiology Laboratory, Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
- Early Oncology, R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Mary Green
- Experimental Histopathology, Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Lucy Meader
- Experimental Histopathology, Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Alejandro Suarez-Bonnet
- Experimental Histopathology, Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
- Department of Pathobiology and Population Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, Hertfordshire, UK
| | - Simon Priestnall
- Experimental Histopathology, Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
- Department of Pathobiology and Population Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, Hertfordshire, UK
| | | | - Andreas Wack
- Immunoregulation Laboratory, Francis Crick Institute, London, UK.
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45
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Yoo JS, Oh SF. Unconventional immune cells in the gut mucosal barrier: regulation by symbiotic microbiota. Exp Mol Med 2023; 55:1905-1912. [PMID: 37696893 PMCID: PMC10545787 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-023-01088-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The mammalian gut is the most densely colonized organ by microbial species, which are in constant contact with the host throughout life. Hosts have developed multifaceted cellular and molecular mechanisms to distinguish and respond to benign and pathogenic bacteria. In addition to relatively well-characterized innate and adaptive immune cells, a growing body of evidence shows additional important players in gut mucosal immunity. Among them, unconventional immune cells, including innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) and unconventional T cells, are essential for maintaining homeostasis. These cells rapidly respond to bacterial signals and bridge the innate immunity and adaptive immunity in the mucosal barrier. Here, we focus on the types and roles of these immune cells in physiological and pathological conditions as prominent mechanisms by which the host immune system communicates with the gut microbiota in health and diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Sun Yoo
- Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sungwhan F Oh
- Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
- Graduate Program in Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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Patel D, Murray IA, Dong F, Annalora AJ, Gowda K, Coslo DM, Krzeminski J, Koo I, Hao F, Amin SG, Marcus CB, Patterson AD, Perdew GH. Induction of AHR Signaling in Response to the Indolimine Class of Microbial Stress Metabolites. Metabolites 2023; 13:985. [PMID: 37755265 PMCID: PMC10535990 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13090985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) is a ligand-activated transcription factor that plays an important role in gastrointestinal barrier function, tumorigenesis, and is an emerging drug target. The resident microbiota is capable of metabolizing tryptophan to metabolites that are AHR ligands (e.g., indole-3-acetate). Recently, a novel set of mutagenic tryptophan metabolites named indolimines have been identified that are produced by M. morganii in the gastrointestinal tract. Here, we determined that indolimine-200, -214, and -248 are direct AHR ligands that can induce Cyp1a1 transcription and subsequent CYP1A1 enzymatic activity capable of metabolizing the carcinogen benzo(a)pyrene in microsomal assays. In addition, indolimines enhance IL6 expression in a colonic tumor cell line in combination with cytokine treatment. The concentration of indolimine-248 that induces AHR transcriptional activity failed to increase DNA damage. These observations reveal an additional aspect of how indolimines may alter colonic tumorigenesis beyond mutagenic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhwani Patel
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Iain A. Murray
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, Center for Molecular Toxicology and Carcinogenesis, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Fangcong Dong
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, Center for Molecular Toxicology and Carcinogenesis, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Andrew J. Annalora
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - Krishne Gowda
- Department of Pharmacology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - Denise M. Coslo
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, Center for Molecular Toxicology and Carcinogenesis, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Jacek Krzeminski
- Department of Pharmacology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - Imhoi Koo
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, Center for Molecular Toxicology and Carcinogenesis, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Fuhua Hao
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, Center for Molecular Toxicology and Carcinogenesis, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Shantu G. Amin
- Department of Pharmacology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - Craig B. Marcus
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - Andrew D. Patterson
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, Center for Molecular Toxicology and Carcinogenesis, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Gary H. Perdew
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, Center for Molecular Toxicology and Carcinogenesis, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
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Qu R, Zhang Y, Ma Y, Zhou X, Sun L, Jiang C, Zhang Z, Fu W. Role of the Gut Microbiota and Its Metabolites in Tumorigenesis or Development of Colorectal Cancer. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2205563. [PMID: 37263983 PMCID: PMC10427379 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202205563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the most common cancer of the digestive system with high mortality and morbidity rates. Gut microbiota is found in the intestines, especially the colorectum, and has structured crosstalk interactions with the host that affect several physiological processes. The gut microbiota include CRC-promoting bacterial species, such as Fusobacterium nucleatum, Escherichia coli, and Bacteroides fragilis, and CRC-protecting bacterial species, such as Clostridium butyricum, Streptococcus thermophilus, and Lacticaseibacillus paracasei, which along with other microorganisms, such as viruses and fungi, play critical roles in the development of CRC. Different bacterial features are identified in patients with early-onset CRC, combined with different patterns between fecal and intratumoral microbiota. The gut microbiota may be beneficial in the diagnosis and treatment of CRC; some bacteria may serve as biomarkers while others as regulators of chemotherapy and immunotherapy. Furthermore, metabolites produced by the gut microbiota play essential roles in the crosstalk with CRC cells. Harmful metabolites include some primary bile acids and short-chain fatty acids, whereas others, including ursodeoxycholic acid and butyrate, are beneficial and impede tumor development and progression. This review focuses on the gut microbiota and its metabolites, and their potential roles in the development, diagnosis, and treatment of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruize Qu
- Department of General SurgeryPeking University Third HospitalBeijing100191P. R. China
- Cancer CenterPeking University Third HospitalBeijing100191P. R. China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of General SurgeryPeking University Third HospitalBeijing100191P. R. China
- Cancer CenterPeking University Third HospitalBeijing100191P. R. China
| | - Yanpeng Ma
- Department of General SurgeryPeking University Third HospitalBeijing100191P. R. China
- Cancer CenterPeking University Third HospitalBeijing100191P. R. China
| | - Xin Zhou
- Department of General SurgeryPeking University Third HospitalBeijing100191P. R. China
- Cancer CenterPeking University Third HospitalBeijing100191P. R. China
| | - Lulu Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Women's Reproductive Health and Fertility PromotionPeking UniversityBeijing100191P. R. China
- Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismPeking University Third HospitalBeijing100191P. R. China
| | - Changtao Jiang
- Center of Basic Medical ResearchInstitute of Medical Innovation and ResearchThird HospitalPeking UniversityBeijing100191P. R. China
- Department of Physiology and PathophysiologySchool of Basic Medical SciencesPeking University and the Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science (Peking University)Ministry of EducationBeijing100191P. R. China
- Center for Obesity and Metabolic Disease ResearchSchool of Basic Medical SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing100191P. R. China
| | - Zhipeng Zhang
- Department of General SurgeryPeking University Third HospitalBeijing100191P. R. China
- Cancer CenterPeking University Third HospitalBeijing100191P. R. China
| | - Wei Fu
- Department of General SurgeryPeking University Third HospitalBeijing100191P. R. China
- Cancer CenterPeking University Third HospitalBeijing100191P. R. China
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Wang D, Zheng Y, Fan Y, He Y, Liu K, Deng S, Liu Y. Sodium Humate-Derived Gut Microbiota Ameliorates Intestinal Dysfunction Induced by Salmonella Typhimurium in Mice. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0534822. [PMID: 37067423 PMCID: PMC10269575 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.05348-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Salmonella is a foodborne pathogen that is one of the main causes of gastroenteric disease in humans and animals. As a natural organic substance, sodium humate (HNa) possesses antibacterial, antidiarrheal, and anti-inflammatory properties. However, it is unclear whether the HNa and HNa-derived microbiota exert alleviative effects on Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium-induced enteritis. We found that treatment with HNa disrupted the cell wall of S. Typhimurium and decreased the virulence gene expression. Next, we explored the effect of HNa presupplementation on S. Typhimurium-induced murine enteritis. The results revealed that HNa ameliorated intestinal pathological damage. In addition, we observed that presupplementation with HNa enhanced intestinal barrier function via modulating gut microbiota, downregulating toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) and NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) signaling pathways, regulating intestinal mucosal immunity, and enhancing tight junction protein expression. To further validate the effect of HNa-derived microbiota on S. Typhimurium-induced enteritis, we performed fecal microbiota transplantation and found that HNa-derived microbiota also alleviated S. Typhimurium-induced intestinal damage. It is noteworthy that both HNa and HNa-derived microbiota improved the liver injury caused by S. Typhimurium infection. Collectively, this is the first study to confirm that HNa could alleviate S. Typhimurium-induced enteritis in a gut microbiota-dependent manner. This study provides a new perspective on HNa as a potential drug to prevent and treat salmonellosis. IMPORTANCE Salmonella Typhimurium is an important zoonotic pathogen, widely distributed in nature. S. Typhimurium is one of the leading causes of foodborne illnesses worldwide, and more than 350,000 people died from Salmonella infection each year, which poses a substantial risk to public health and causes a considerable economic loss. Here, we found that the S. Typhimurium infection caused severe intestinal and liver damage. In addition, we first found that sodium humate (HNa) and HNa-derived gut microbiota can alleviate S. Typhimurium infection-induced intestinal damage. These findings extend the knowledge about the public health risk and pathogenic mechanisms of S. Typhimurium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Wang
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Experimental Animals and Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China
| | - Yingce Zheng
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Experimental Animals and Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Yuying Fan
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Experimental Animals and Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Yanjun He
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Experimental Animals and Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Kexin Liu
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Experimental Animals and Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Shouxiang Deng
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Experimental Animals and Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Yun Liu
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Experimental Animals and Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
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Taguchi K, Sugahara S, Elias BC, Pabla N, Canaud G, Brooks CR. IL-22 promotes acute kidney injury through activation of the DNA damage response and cell death in proximal tubule cells. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.06.08.544134. [PMID: 37333314 PMCID: PMC10274795 DOI: 10.1101/2023.06.08.544134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) affects over 13 million people world-wide annually and is associated with a fourfold increase in mortality. Our lab and others have shown that DNA damage response (DDR) governs the outcome of AKI in a bimodal manner. Activation of DDR sensor kinases protects against AKI, while hyperactivation of DDR effector proteins, such as p53, induces to cell death and worsens AKI. The factors that trigger the switch from pro-reparative to pro-cell death DDR remain to be resolved. Here we investigate the role of interleukin 22 (IL-22), an IL-10 family member whose receptor (IL-22RA1) is expressed on proximal tubule cells (PTCs), in DDR activation and AKI. Using cisplatin and aristolochic acid (AA) induced nephropathy as models of DNA damage, we identify PTCs as a novel source of urinary IL-22, making PTCs the only epithelial cells known to secret IL-22, to our knowledge. Functionally, IL-22 binding its receptor (IL-22RA1) on PTCs amplifies the DDR. Treating primary PTCs with IL-22 alone induces rapid activation of the DDR in vitro. The combination of IL-22 + cisplatin or AA treatment on primary PTCs induces cell death, while the same dose of cisplatin or AA alone does not. Global deletion of IL-22 protects against cisplatin or AA induced AKI. IL-22 deletion reduces expression of components of the DDR and inhibits PTC cell death. To confirm PTC IL-22 signaling contributes to AKI, we knocked out IL-22RA1 in renal epithelial cells by crossing IL-22RA1floxed mice with Six2-Cre mice. IL-22RA1 KO reduced DDR activation, cell death, and kidney injury. These data demonstrate that IL-22 promotes DDR activation in PTCs, switching pro-recovery DDR responses to a pro-cell death response and worsening AKI. Targeting IL-22 represents a novel therapeutic approach to prevent the negative consequences of the DDR activation while not interfering with the processes necessary for repair of damaged DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kensei Taguchi
- Division of Nephrology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Sho Sugahara
- Division of Nephrology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Bertha C. Elias
- Division of Nephrology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Navjot Pabla
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy & Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Guillaume Canaud
- Overgrowth Syndrome and Vascular Anomalies Unit, Hôpital Necker Enfants Malades, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Craig R. Brooks
- Division of Nephrology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
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Giannou AD, Kempski J, Zhang T, Lücke J, Shiri AM, Zazara DE, Belios I, Machicote A, Seeger P, Agalioti T, Tintelnot J, Sagebiel A, Tomczak M, Bauditz L, Bedke T, Kocheise L, Mercanoglu B, Fard-Aghaie M, Giorgakis E, Lykoudis PM, Pikouli A, Grass JK, Wahib R, Bardenhagen J, Brunswig B, Heumann A, Ghadban T, Duprée A, Tachezy M, Melling N, Arck PC, Stringa P, Gentilini MV, Gondolesi GE, Nakano R, Thomson AW, Perez D, Li J, Mann O, Izbicki JR, Gagliani N, Maroulis IC, Huber S. IL-22BP controls the progression of liver metastasis in colorectal cancer. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1170502. [PMID: 37324022 PMCID: PMC10265988 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1170502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The immune system plays a pivotal role in cancer progression. Interleukin 22 binding protein (IL-22BP), a natural antagonist of the cytokine interleukin 22 (IL-22) has been shown to control the progression of colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the role of IL-22BP in the process of metastasis formation remains unknown. Methods We used two different murine in vivo metastasis models using the MC38 and LLC cancer cell lines and studied lung and liver metastasis formation after intracaecal or intrasplenic injection of cancer cells. Furthermore, IL22BP expression was measured in a clinical cohort of CRC patients and correlated with metastatic tumor stages. Results Our data indicate that low levels of IL-22BP are associated with advanced (metastatic) tumor stages in colorectal cancer. Using two different murine in vivo models we show that IL-22BP indeed controls the progression of liver but not lung metastasis in mice. Conclusions We here demonstrate a crucial role of IL-22BP in controlling metastasis progression. Thus, IL-22 might represent a future therapeutic target against the progression of metastatic CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasios D. Giannou
- Section of Molecular Immunology und Gastroenterology, I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Hamburg Center for Translational Immunology (HCTI), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Department of General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Surgery, University of Patras Medical School, Patras, Greece
| | - Jan Kempski
- Section of Molecular Immunology und Gastroenterology, I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Hamburg Center for Translational Immunology (HCTI), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Mildred Scheel Cancer Career Center HaTriCS4, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Tao Zhang
- Section of Molecular Immunology und Gastroenterology, I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Hamburg Center for Translational Immunology (HCTI), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jöran Lücke
- Section of Molecular Immunology und Gastroenterology, I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Hamburg Center for Translational Immunology (HCTI), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Department of General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ahmad Mustafa Shiri
- Section of Molecular Immunology und Gastroenterology, I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Hamburg Center for Translational Immunology (HCTI), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Dimitra E. Zazara
- Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Laboratory for Experimental Feto-Maternal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Fetal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ioannis Belios
- Laboratory for Experimental Feto-Maternal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Fetal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Andres Machicote
- Section of Molecular Immunology und Gastroenterology, I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Hamburg Center for Translational Immunology (HCTI), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Philipp Seeger
- Department of General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Theodora Agalioti
- Department of General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Joseph Tintelnot
- Mildred Scheel Cancer Career Center HaTriCS4, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- ll. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Adrian Sagebiel
- Department of General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Miriam Tomczak
- Section of Molecular Immunology und Gastroenterology, I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Hamburg Center for Translational Immunology (HCTI), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Lennart Bauditz
- Section of Molecular Immunology und Gastroenterology, I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Hamburg Center for Translational Immunology (HCTI), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Tanja Bedke
- Section of Molecular Immunology und Gastroenterology, I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Hamburg Center for Translational Immunology (HCTI), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Lorenz Kocheise
- Section of Molecular Immunology und Gastroenterology, I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Hamburg Center for Translational Immunology (HCTI), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Baris Mercanoglu
- Department of General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Mohammad Fard-Aghaie
- Department of General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Emmanouil Giorgakis
- Department of Surgery, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States
- Division of Transplantation, Department of Surgery, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States
| | - Panagis M. Lykoudis
- 3rd Department of Surgery, Attiko University Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
- Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College London (UCL), London, United Kingdom
| | - Anastasia Pikouli
- 3rd Department of Surgery, Attiko University Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Julia-Kristin Grass
- Department of General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ramez Wahib
- Department of General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jan Bardenhagen
- Department of General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Benjamin Brunswig
- Department of General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Asmus Heumann
- Department of General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Tarik Ghadban
- Department of General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Anna Duprée
- Department of General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Michael Tachezy
- Department of General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Nathaniel Melling
- Department of General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Petra C. Arck
- Laboratory for Experimental Feto-Maternal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Fetal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Pablo Stringa
- Department General Surgery, Liver, Pancreas and Intestinal Transplantation, Hospital Universitario, Fundacion Favaloro, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Maria Virginia Gentilini
- Instituto de Medicina Traslacional, Trasplante y Bioingeniería (IMETTyB, Concejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y tecnológicas (CONICET), Universidad Favaloro), Laboratorio de Inmunología Asociada al Trasplante, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Gabriel E. Gondolesi
- Department General Surgery, Liver, Pancreas and Intestinal Transplantation, Hospital Universitario, Fundacion Favaloro, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ryosuke Nakano
- Department of Surgery, Starzl Transplantation Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Angus W. Thomson
- Department of Surgery, Starzl Transplantation Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Daniel Perez
- Department of General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jun Li
- Department of General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Oliver Mann
- Department of General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jakob R. Izbicki
- Department of General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Nicola Gagliani
- Hamburg Center for Translational Immunology (HCTI), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Department of General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Samuel Huber
- Section of Molecular Immunology und Gastroenterology, I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Hamburg Center for Translational Immunology (HCTI), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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