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Turpin A, Delliaux C, Parent P, Chevalier H, Escudero-Iriarte C, Bonardi F, Vanpouille N, Flourens A, Querol J, Carnot A, Leroy X, Herranz N, Lanel T, Villers A, Olivier J, Touzet H, de Launoit Y, Tian TV, Duterque-Coquillaud M. Fascin-1 expression is associated with neuroendocrine prostate cancer and directly suppressed by androgen receptor. Br J Cancer 2023; 129:1903-1914. [PMID: 37875732 PMCID: PMC10703930 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-023-02449-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC) is an aggressive form of prostate cancer, arising from resistance to androgen-deprivation therapies. However, the molecular mechanisms associated with NEPC development and invasiveness are still poorly understood. Here we investigated the expression and functional significance of Fascin-1 (FSCN1), a pro-metastasis actin-bundling protein associated with poor prognosis of several cancers, in neuroendocrine differentiation of prostate cancer. METHODS Differential expression analyses using Genome Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, clinical samples and cell lines were performed. Androgen or antagonist's cellular treatments and knockdown experiments were used to detect changes in cell morphology, molecular markers, migration properties and in vivo tumour growth. Chromatin immunoprecipitation-sequencing (ChIP-Seq) data and ChIP assays were analysed to decipher androgen receptor (AR) binding. RESULTS We demonstrated that FSCN1 is upregulated during neuroendocrine differentiation of prostate cancer in vitro, leading to phenotypic changes and NEPC marker expression. In human prostate cancer samples, FSCN1 expression is restricted to NEPC tumours. We showed that the androgen-activated AR downregulates FSCN1 expression and works as a transcriptional repressor to directly suppress FSCN1 expression. AR antagonists alleviate this repression. In addition, FSCN1 silencing further impairs in vivo tumour growth. CONCLUSION Collectively, our findings identify FSCN1 as an AR-repressed gene. Particularly, it is involved in NEPC aggressiveness. Our results provide the rationale for the future clinical development of FSCN1 inhibitors in NEPC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Turpin
- University Lille, CNRS, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, UMR9020-U1277-CANTHER-Cancer Heterogeneity Plasticity and Resistance to Therapies, F-59000, Lille, France
- Department of Medical Oncology, Lille University Hospital, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Carine Delliaux
- University Lille, CNRS, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, UMR9020-U1277-CANTHER-Cancer Heterogeneity Plasticity and Resistance to Therapies, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Pauline Parent
- University Lille, CNRS, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, UMR9020-U1277-CANTHER-Cancer Heterogeneity Plasticity and Resistance to Therapies, F-59000, Lille, France
- Department of Medical Oncology, Lille University Hospital, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Hortense Chevalier
- University Lille, CNRS, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, UMR9020-U1277-CANTHER-Cancer Heterogeneity Plasticity and Resistance to Therapies, F-59000, Lille, France
- Department of Medical Oncology, Centre Oscar Lambret, 3, rue Frederic Combemale, 59000, Lille, France
| | | | - Franck Bonardi
- University Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, US 41 - UAR 2014 - PLBS, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Nathalie Vanpouille
- University Lille, CNRS, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, UMR9020-U1277-CANTHER-Cancer Heterogeneity Plasticity and Resistance to Therapies, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Anne Flourens
- University Lille, CNRS, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, UMR9020-U1277-CANTHER-Cancer Heterogeneity Plasticity and Resistance to Therapies, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Jessica Querol
- Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), 08035, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Aurélien Carnot
- Department of Medical Oncology, Centre Oscar Lambret, 3, rue Frederic Combemale, 59000, Lille, France
| | - Xavier Leroy
- University Lille, CNRS, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, UMR9020-U1277-CANTHER-Cancer Heterogeneity Plasticity and Resistance to Therapies, F-59000, Lille, France
- Institut de Pathologie, CHU Lille, Avenue Oscar Lambret, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Nicolás Herranz
- Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), 08035, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Tristan Lanel
- University Lille, CNRS, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, UMR9020-U1277-CANTHER-Cancer Heterogeneity Plasticity and Resistance to Therapies, F-59000, Lille, France
- Institut de Pathologie, CHU Lille, Avenue Oscar Lambret, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Arnauld Villers
- University Lille, CNRS, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, UMR9020-U1277-CANTHER-Cancer Heterogeneity Plasticity and Resistance to Therapies, F-59000, Lille, France
- Department of Urology, Hospital Claude Huriez, CHU Lille, Lille, France
| | - Jonathan Olivier
- University Lille, CNRS, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, UMR9020-U1277-CANTHER-Cancer Heterogeneity Plasticity and Resistance to Therapies, F-59000, Lille, France
- Department of Urology, Hospital Claude Huriez, CHU Lille, Lille, France
| | - Hélène Touzet
- University Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, UMR 9189 CRIStAL, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Yvan de Launoit
- University Lille, CNRS, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, UMR9020-U1277-CANTHER-Cancer Heterogeneity Plasticity and Resistance to Therapies, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Tian V Tian
- Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), 08035, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Martine Duterque-Coquillaud
- University Lille, CNRS, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, UMR9020-U1277-CANTHER-Cancer Heterogeneity Plasticity and Resistance to Therapies, F-59000, Lille, France.
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Zhang N, Bian Q, Gao Y, Wang Q, Shi Y, Li X, Ma X, Chen H, Zhao Z, Yu H. The Role of Fascin-1 in Human Urologic Cancers: A Promising Biomarker or Therapeutic Target? Technol Cancer Res Treat 2023; 22:15330338231175733. [PMID: 37246525 PMCID: PMC10240877 DOI: 10.1177/15330338231175733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Human cancer statistics show that an increased incidence of urologic cancers such as bladder cancer, prostate cancer, and renal cell carcinoma. Due to the lack of early markers and effective therapeutic targets, their prognosis is poor. Fascin-1 is an actin-binding protein, which functions in the formation of cell protrusions by cross-linking with actin filaments. Studies have found that fascin-1 expression is elevated in most human cancers and is related to outcomes such as neoplasm metastasis, reduced survival, and increased aggressiveness. Fascin-1 has been considered as a potential therapeutic target for urologic cancers, but there is no comprehensive review to evaluate these studies. This review aimed to provide an enhanced literature review, outline, and summarize the mechanism of fascin-1 in urologic cancers and discuss the therapeutic potential of fascin-1 and the possibility of its use as a potential marker. We also focused on the correlation between the overexpression of fascin-1 and clinicopathological parameters. Mechanistically, fascin-1 is regulated by several regulators and signaling pathways (such as long noncoding RNA, microRNA, c-Jun N-terminal kinase, and extracellular regulated protein kinases). The overexpression of fascin-1 is related to clinicopathologic parameters such as pathological stage, bone or lymph node metastasis, and reduced disease-free survival. Several fascin-1 inhibitors (G2, NP-G2-044) have been evaluated in vitro and in preclinical models. The study proved the promising potential of fascin-1 as a newly developing biomarker and a potential therapeutic target that needs further investigation. The data also highlight the inadequacy of fascin-1 to serve as a novel biomarker for prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naibin Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, People's Republic of China
- Clinical Medical College, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiang Bian
- Department of Biochemistry, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, People's Republic of China
- Department of Pathophysiology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yankun Gao
- Clinical Medical College, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Qianqian Wang
- Department of Biochemistry, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Shi
- Department of Biochemistry, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangling Li
- Department of Biochemistry, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaolei Ma
- Department of Biochemistry, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Huiyuan Chen
- College of Radiology, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhankui Zhao
- The Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Honglian Yu
- Department of Biochemistry, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, People's Republic of China
- Collaborative Innovation Center, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, People's Republic of China
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Zhang N, Gao Y, Bian Q, Wang Q, Shi Y, Zhao Z, Yu H. The role of fascin-1 in the pathogenesis, diagnosis and management of respiratory related cancers. Front Oncol 2022; 12:948110. [PMID: 36033434 PMCID: PMC9404296 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.948110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Human cancer statistics report that respiratory related cancers such as lung, laryngeal, oral and nasopharyngeal cancers account for a large proportion of tumors, and tumor metastasis remains the major reason for patient death. The metastasis of tumor cells requires actin cytoskeleton remodeling, in which fascin-1 plays an important role. Fascin-1 can cross-link F-actin microfilaments into bundles and form finger-like cell protrusions. Some studies have shown that fascin-1 is overexpressed in human tumors and is associated with tumor growth, migration and invasion. The role of fascin-1 in respiratory related cancers is not very clear. The main purpose of this study was to provide an updated literature review on the role of fascin-1 in the pathogenesis, diagnosis and management of respiratory related cancers. These studies suggested that fascin-1 can serve as an emerging biomarker and potential therapeutic target, and has attracted widespread attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naibin Zhang
- Department of biochemistry, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Yankun Gao
- Department of biochemistry, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Qiang Bian
- Collaborative Innovation Center, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
- Department of Pathophysiology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Qianqian Wang
- Department of biochemistry, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Ying Shi
- Department of biochemistry, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Zhankui Zhao
- The Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Honglian Yu
- Department of biochemistry, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
- *Correspondence: Honglian Yu,
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4
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Fascin-1 and its role as a serological marker in prostate cancer: a prospective case-control study. Future Sci OA 2021; 7:FSO745. [PMID: 34737886 PMCID: PMC8558850 DOI: 10.2144/fsoa-2021-0051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: This study aims to investigate any modification of serological FSCN1 in prostate cancer patients compared with patients without neoplasia. Material & methods: Clinical data and blood specimens from patients with and without prostate cancer were obtained. A quantitative sandwich ELISA method was used to determine serological values of FSCN1. Results: Although serum values of FSCN1 were dissimilar in the two cohorts of patients (6.90 vs 7.33 ng/ml), the difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.20). Serum values of FSCN1 stratified for Gleason score groups were not significantly distinguishable (p = 0.65). A negative correlation (rho = -0.331; p = 0.009) was reported between FSCN1 and age. Conclusion: Further studies are required to evaluate a possible diagnostic role of FSCN1 in prostate cancer. FSCN1 is a potential novel biomarker that we investigated in patients with prostate cancer and evaluated in serum through a quantitative assay. Although FSCN1 serum values were dissimilar between patients with and without prostate cancer (with lower values in the first group), data are currently inconclusive. A negative correlation between FSCN1 and age was instead reported. Further studies are required to investigate a possible diagnostic role of FSCN1.
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Yamada Y, Kurata A, Fujita K, Kuroda M. Fascin as a useful marker for cancer-associated fibroblasts in invasive lung adenocarcinoma. Medicine (Baltimore) 2021; 100:e27162. [PMID: 34477172 PMCID: PMC8416015 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000027162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) have been attracting attention in recent years, but their nature has not been fully elucidated. Although CAFs have been recognized as an important therapeutic target, therapeutic agents have not been developed to date. CAFs are characterized by their high migration rate and involvement in epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition with some displaying a dendritic morphology that is reminiscent of fascin expression.The present study was designed to immunohistochemically investigate fascin expression in lung adenocarcinoma including CAFs and compare the results with existing CAF markers.We immunohistochemically investigated fascin expression in not only cancer tissue but also CAFs from 26 autopsy cases of lung adenocarcinoma. Immunohistochemistry of α-smooth muscle actin and fibroblast activation protein was also performed.Fascin-positive staining in CAFs was observed in all cases, with a strong correlation observed with existing CAF markers α-smooth muscle actin and fibroblast activation protein (P < .001). In addition, the proportion of tumor cells showing fascin-positive staining was found to correlate with its expression in CAFs (P < .05).We propose that CAFs express fascin, and that fascin may mediate crosstalk between cancer tissue and CAFs. Fascin might be a novel therapeutic target for treatments that target the cancer stroma.
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Lin S, Li Y, Wang D, Huang C, Marino D, Bollt O, Wu C, Taylor MD, Li W, DeNicola GM, Hao J, Singh PK, Yang S. Fascin promotes lung cancer growth and metastasis by enhancing glycolysis and PFKFB3 expression. Cancer Lett 2021; 518:230-242. [PMID: 34303764 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2021.07.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Fascin is a pro-metastatic actin-bundling protein that is upregulated in all metastatic carcinomas. Fascin promotes cancer cell migration and invasion by facilitating membrane protrusions, such as filopodia and invadopodia. Aerobic glycolysis is a key feature of cancer metabolism and provides critical intermediate metabolites for tumor growth. Here, we report that fascin increases glycolysis in lung cancer to promote tumor growth and metastasis. Fascin promotes glycolytic flux by increasing the expression and activities of phosphofructose-kinases 1 and 2 (PFK1 and 2). Fascin mediates glycolytic functions via activation of yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1) through its canonical actin-bundling activity by promoting the binding of YAP1 to a TEAD1/4 binding motif located 30 bp upstream of the PFKFB3 transcription start site to activate its transcription. Examination of the TCGA database suggests that the fascin-YAP1-PFKFB3 axis is likely conserved across different types of cancers. Importantly, pharmacological inhibitors of fascin suppressed YAP1-PFKFB3 signaling and glycolysis in cancer cell lines, organoid cultures, and xenograft metastasis models. Taken together, our data reveal that the glycolytic function of fascin is essential for the promotion of lung cancer growth and metabolism, and suggest that pharmacological inhibitors of fascin may be used to reprogram cancer metabolism in lung and potentially other cancers with fascin upregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengchen Lin
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Yunzhan Li
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Dezhen Wang
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Chongbiao Huang
- Department of Pancreatic Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - David Marino
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Oana Bollt
- Department of Surgery, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Chaodong Wu
- Department of Nutrition, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Matthew D Taylor
- Department of Surgery, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Wei Li
- Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA; Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Gina M DeNicola
- Department of Cancer Physiology, H. Lee. Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Jihui Hao
- Department of Pancreatic Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Pankaj K Singh
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Shengyu Yang
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA.
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Liu H, Zhang Y, Li L, Cao J, Guo Y, Wu Y, Gao W. Fascin actin-bundling protein 1 in human cancer: promising biomarker or therapeutic target? Mol Ther Oncolytics 2021; 20:240-264. [PMID: 33614909 PMCID: PMC7873579 DOI: 10.1016/j.omto.2020.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Fascin actin-bundling protein 1 (FSCN1) is a highly conserved actin-bundling protein that cross links F-actin microfilaments into tight, parallel bundles. Elevated FSCN1 levels have been reported in many types of human cancers and have been correlated with aggressive clinical progression, poor prognosis, and survival outcomes. The overexpression of FSCN1 in cancer cells has been associated with tumor growth, migration, invasion, and metastasis. Currently, FSCN1 is recognized as a candidate biomarker for multiple cancer types and as a potential therapeutic target. The aim of this study was to provide a brief overview of the FSCN1 gene and protein structure and elucidate on its actin-bundling activity and physiological functions. The main focus was on the role of FSCN1 and its upregulatory mechanisms and significance in cancer cells. Up-to-date studies on FSCN1 as a novel biomarker and therapeutic target for human cancers are reviewed. It is shown that FSCN1 is an unusual biomarker and a potential therapeutic target for cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongliang Liu
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Cancer, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, PR China
- Shanxi Province Clinical Medical Research Center for Precision Medicine of Head and Neck Cancer, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, PR China
- Department of Otolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Ministry of Education, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, PR China
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, PR China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Ministry of Education, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, PR China
- Department of Physiology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, PR China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, PR China
| | - Jimin Cao
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Ministry of Education, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, PR China
- Department of Physiology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, PR China
| | - Yujia Guo
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Cancer, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, PR China
- Shanxi Province Clinical Medical Research Center for Precision Medicine of Head and Neck Cancer, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, PR China
| | - Yongyan Wu
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Cancer, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, PR China
- Shanxi Province Clinical Medical Research Center for Precision Medicine of Head and Neck Cancer, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, PR China
- Department of Otolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Ministry of Education, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, PR China
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, PR China
| | - Wei Gao
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Cancer, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, PR China
- Shanxi Province Clinical Medical Research Center for Precision Medicine of Head and Neck Cancer, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, PR China
- Department of Otolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Ministry of Education, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, PR China
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, PR China
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Targeting the cytoskeleton against metastatic dissemination. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2021; 40:89-140. [PMID: 33471283 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-020-09936-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is a pathology characterized by a loss or a perturbation of a number of typical features of normal cell behaviour. Indeed, the acquisition of an inappropriate migratory and invasive phenotype has been reported to be one of the hallmarks of cancer. The cytoskeleton is a complex dynamic network of highly ordered interlinking filaments playing a key role in the control of fundamental cellular processes, like cell shape maintenance, motility, division and intracellular transport. Moreover, deregulation of this complex machinery contributes to cancer progression and malignancy, enabling cells to acquire an invasive and metastatic phenotype. Metastasis accounts for 90% of death from patients affected by solid tumours, while an efficient prevention and suppression of metastatic disease still remains elusive. This results in the lack of effective therapeutic options currently available for patients with advanced disease. In this context, the cytoskeleton with its regulatory and structural proteins emerges as a novel and highly effective target to be exploited for a substantial therapeutic effort toward the development of specific anti-metastatic drugs. Here we provide an overview of the role of cytoskeleton components and interacting proteins in cancer metastasis with a special focus on small molecule compounds interfering with the actin cytoskeleton organization and function. The emerging involvement of microtubules and intermediate filaments in cancer metastasis is also reviewed.
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Fascin Controls Metastatic Colonization and Mitochondrial Oxidative Phosphorylation by Remodeling Mitochondrial Actin Filaments. Cell Rep 2020; 28:2824-2836.e8. [PMID: 31509745 PMCID: PMC6759858 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Revised: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The deregulation of the actin cytoskeleton has been extensively studied in metastatic dissemination. However, the post-dissemination role of the actin cytoskeleton dysregulation is poorly understood. Here, we report that fascin, an actin-bundling protein, promotes lung cancer metastatic colonization by augmenting metabolic stress resistance and mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). Fascin is directly recruited to mitochondria under metabolic stress to stabilize mitochondrial actin filaments (mtF-actin). Using unbiased metabolomics and proteomics approaches, we discovered that fascin-mediated mtF-actin remodeling promotes mitochondrial OXPHOS by increasing the biogenesis of respiratory Complex I. Mechanistically, fascin and mtF-actin control the homeostasis of mtDNA to promote mitochondrial OXPHOS. The disruption of mtF-actin abrogates fascin-mediated lung cancer metastasis. Conversely, restoration of mitochondrial respiration by using yeast NDI1 in fascin-depleted cancer cells is able to rescue lung metastasis. Our findings indicate that the dysregulated actin cytoskeleton in metastatic lung cancer could be targeted to rewire mitochondrial metabolism and to prevent metastatic recurrence.
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Lin S, Taylor MD, Singh PK, Yang S. How does fascin promote cancer metastasis? FEBS J 2020; 288:1434-1446. [PMID: 32657526 DOI: 10.1111/febs.15484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Fascin is an F-actin-bundling protein that cross-links individual actin filaments into straight and stiff bundles. Fascin overexpression in cancer is strongly associated with poor prognosis and metastatic progression across different cancer types. It is well established that fascin plays a causative role in promoting metastatic progression. We will review the recent progress in our understanding of mechanisms underlying fascin-mediated cancer metastasis. This review will cover the biochemical basis for fascin-bundling activity, the mechanisms by which cancer cells upregulate fascin expression and the mechanism underlying fascin-mediated cancer cell migration, invasion, and metastatic colonization. We propose that fascin has broad roles in both metastatic dissemination and metastatic colonization. Understanding these mechanisms will be crucial to the development of anti-metastasis therapeutics targeting fascin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengchen Lin
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, the Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Matthew D Taylor
- Department of Surgery, the Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Pankaj K Singh
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Shengyu Yang
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, the Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
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Shi S, Zheng HC, Zhang- ZG. Roles of Fascin mRNA expression in colorectal cancer: Meta-analysis and bioinformatics analysis. Mol Clin Oncol 2020; 13:119-128. [PMID: 32714534 PMCID: PMC7366232 DOI: 10.3892/mco.2020.2069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Fascin (encoded by FSCN1) is a globular actin cross-linking protein that is required for the formation of actin-based cell surface processes, which are critical for cell migration and cell-matrix adhesion. In the present study, a systematic meta-analysis and bioinformatics analysis was used to identify clinicopathological or prognostic parameters in patients with colorectal cancer. A total of 17 articles were included in the present study obtained from PubMed, Web of Science, Wanfang data, SinoMed and CNKI databases. Odd ratios (ORs) and the corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to estimate the prognostic significance of Fascin expression in patients with colorectal cancer, and the association between Fascin expression and clinicopathological factors. There was a significant correlation between high Fascin expression and poor overall survival rates in patients with colorectal cancer (OR=0.48; 95% CI, 0.38-0.60; P<0.000001). The meta-analysis showed that the expression of Fascin was significantly higher in colorectal cancer tissue compared with the normal mucosa (OR=0.13; 95% CI, 0.10-0.16; P<0.000001) and adenoma (OR=0.23; 95% CI, 0.15-0.34; P<0.000001). Fascin expression was also associated with depth of invasion (OR=0.31; 95% CI, 0.19-0.50; P<0.000001), lymph node metastasis (OR=3.07; 95% CI, 1.72-5.46; P=0.0001), Dukes stage (OR=0.14; 95% CI, 0.04-0.46; P=0.001), Tumor-Node-Metastasis stage (OR=0.38; 95% CI, 0.21-0.71; P=0.003) and dedifferentiation (OR=0.42; 95% CI, 0.19-0.94; P=0.04). According to the bioinformatics analyses, FSCN1 mRNA expression levels were higher in colorectal cancer and adenoma tissues compared with the normal tissues (P<0.05). According to TCGA, FSCN1 mRNA expression was associated with a less favorable prognosis in patients with colorectal cancer as an independent factor (P<0.05), and positively correlated with depth of invasion, microsatellite instability and low serum carcinoembryonic antigen levels in colorectal cancer. Taken together, the results of the present study suggested that Fascin expression is a potential marker of tumorigenesis, aggressiveness and poor prognosis in patients with colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Shi
- Department of Pathology, Cangzhou People's Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei 061000, P.R. China
| | - Hua-Chuan Zheng
- Department of Pathology, Cangzhou People's Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei 061000, P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Gang Zhang-
- Department of Pathology, Cangzhou People's Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei 061000, P.R. China
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Klingler-Hoffmann M, Mittal P, Hoffmann P. The Emerging Role of Cytoskeletal Proteins as Reliable Biomarkers. Proteomics 2019; 19:e1800483. [PMID: 31525818 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201800483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Revised: 07/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Cytoskeletal proteins are essential building blocks of cells. More than 100 cytoskeletal and cytoskeleton-associated proteins are known and for some, their function and regulation are understood in great detail. Apart from cell shape and support, they facilitate many processes such as intracellular signaling and transport, and cancer related processes such as proliferation, migration, and invasion. During the last decade, comparative proteomic studies have identified cytoskeletal proteins as in vitro markers for tumor progression and metastasis. Here, these results are summarized and a number of unrelated studies are highlighted, identifying the same cytoskeletal proteins as potential biomarkers. These findings might indicate that the abundance of these potential markers of tumor progression is associated with the biological outcome and are independent of the cancer origin. This correlates well with recently published results from the Cancer Genome Atlas, indicating that cancers show remarkable similarities in their analyzed molecular information, independent of their organ of origin. It is postulated that the quantification of cytoskeletal proteins in healthy tissues, tumors, in adjacent tissues, and in stroma, is a great source of molecular information, which might not only be used to classify tumors, but more importantly to predict patients' outcome or even best treatment choices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Klingler-Hoffmann
- Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes Campus, Mawson Lakes, 5095, Australia
| | - Parul Mittal
- Adelaide Proteomics Centre, School of Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005, Australia
| | - Peter Hoffmann
- Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes Campus, Mawson Lakes, 5095, Australia
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Kinoshita T, Goto T. Molecular Mechanisms of Pulmonary Fibrogenesis and Its Progression to Lung Cancer: A Review. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20061461. [PMID: 30909462 PMCID: PMC6471841 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20061461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Revised: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is defined as a specific form of chronic, progressive fibrosing interstitial pneumonia of unknown cause, occurring primarily in older adults, and limited to the lungs. Despite the increasing research interest in the pathogenesis of IPF, unfavorable survival rates remain associated with this condition. Recently, novel therapeutic agents have been shown to control the progression of IPF. However, these drugs do not improve lung function and have not been tested prospectively in patients with IPF and coexisting lung cancer, which is a common comorbidity of IPF. Optimal management of patients with IPF and lung cancer requires understanding of pathogenic mechanisms and molecular pathways that are common to both diseases. This review article reflects the current state of knowledge regarding the pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis and summarizes the pathways that are common to IPF and lung cancer by focusing on the molecular mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomonari Kinoshita
- Division of General Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo 1608582, Japan.
| | - Taichiro Goto
- Lung Cancer and Respiratory Disease Center, Yamanashi Central Hospital, Kofu, Yamanashi 4008506, Japan.
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Human papilloma virus infection and fascin over-expression in squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix. Med J Islam Repub Iran 2019; 32:134. [PMID: 30815429 PMCID: PMC6387813 DOI: 10.14196/mjiri.32.134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Human papilloma virus (HPV) is involved in development of almost all cervical cancers, mainly through the subversion of cellular mechanisms of growth control. Fascin plays central role in subsequent cell transformation events. Fascin mediates stabilization of parallel actin bundles where cellular protrusions are formed; this represents primary stages of cell migration and metastasis. Immunohistochemical assays have shown up-regulation of fascin expression in many epithelial and non-epithelial neoplasms. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate HPV infection and fascin expression in samples of cervical cancer.
Methods: Of 66 patients with confirmed SCC, formalin-fixed specimens, embedded in paraffin blocks were evaluated for HPV infection with nested multiplex polymerase chain reaction (NM-PCR) and for fascin expression with immunohistochemical assays. Statistical analysis was performed using Wilcoxon rank-sum test and SPSS software. A p<0.05 was considered for statistical significance.
Results: Of 66 samples, 52 (78.7%) were found positive for HPV infection and fascin over-expression was shown in all squamous cell carcinoma samples.
Conclusion: This study showed fascin overexpression in squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix which might be involved in metastasis of cancers induced by some types of HPV, hypothetically through attenuation of inter-cellular adhesions, and induction of cell motility
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Li X, Li S, Wang X, Zhao S, Liu H. [Knocking down fascin inhibits cervical cancer cell proliferation and tumorigenesis in nude mice]. NAN FANG YI KE DA XUE XUE BAO = JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY 2019; 38:1409-1414. [PMID: 30613006 DOI: 10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2018.12.02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the effect of knocking down fascin on cervical cancer cell proliferation and tumorigenicity in nude mice. METHODS Cervical cancer CaSki cells were infected with a lentiviral vector carrying fascin siRNA or with a negative control lentivirus, and fascin mRNA and protein expressions in the cells were detected using qRT-PCR and Western blotting. MTT assay was used to determine the proliferation of CaSki cells with fascin knockdown. CaSki cells transfected with fascin siRNA or the control lentiviral vector and non-transfected CaSki cells were inoculated subcutaneously in nude mice, and the volume and weight of the transplanted tumor were measured; Western blotting was used to detect the expressions of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), survivin, cyclin dependent kinase 4 (CDK4) and p21 proteins in the tumor xenograft. RESULTS Infection with the lentiviral vector carrying fascin siRNA, but not the negative control vector, caused significant reductions in the expression levels of fascin mRNA and protein in CaSki cells (P < 0.05). Fascin knockdown resulted in significantly reduced proliferation of CaSki cells in vitro (P < 0.05). The nude mice inoculated with CaSki cells with fascin knockdown showed reduced tumor volume and weight, lowered levels of PCNA, survivin and CDK4, and increased expression of p21 protein in the tumor xenograft compared with the control mice. The negative control lentivirus did not affect the proliferation or tumorigenicity of CaSki cells in nude mice or the expression levels of PCNA, survivin, CDK4 or p21 proteins in the xenografts. CONCLUSIONS Knocking down fascin can inhibit the growth and tumorigenicity of cervical cancer cells in nude mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian Li
- College of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233030, China
| | - Shanshan Li
- College of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233030, China
| | - Xinxin Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233030, China
| | - Surong Zhao
- College of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233030, China
| | - Hao Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233030, China
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Ballester B, Milara J, Cortijo J. Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis and Lung Cancer: Mechanisms and Molecular Targets. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20030593. [PMID: 30704051 PMCID: PMC6387034 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20030593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 163] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Revised: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is the most common idiopathic interstitial pulmonary disease with a median survival of 2–4 years after diagnosis. A significant number of IPF patients have risk factors, such as a history of smoking or concomitant emphysema, both of which can predispose the patient to lung cancer (LC) (mostly non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)). In fact, IPF itself increases the risk of LC development by 7% to 20%. In this regard, there are multiple common genetic, molecular, and cellular processes that connect lung fibrosis with LC, such as myofibroblast/mesenchymal transition, myofibroblast activation and uncontrolled proliferation, endoplasmic reticulum stress, alterations of growth factors expression, oxidative stress, and large genetic and epigenetic variations that can predispose the patient to develop IPF and LC. The current approved IPF therapies, pirfenidone and nintedanib, are also active in LC. In fact, nintedanib is approved as a second line treatment in NSCLC, and pirfenidone has shown anti-neoplastic effects in preclinical studies. In this review, we focus on the current knowledge on the mechanisms implicated in the development of LC in patients with IPF as well as in current IPF and LC-IPF candidate therapies based on novel molecular advances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Ballester
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain.
- CIBERES, Health Institute Carlos III, 28029 Valencia, Spain.
| | - Javier Milara
- CIBERES, Health Institute Carlos III, 28029 Valencia, Spain.
- Pharmacy Unit, University Clinic Hospital of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain.
- Institute of Health Research-INCLIVA, 46010 Valencia, Spain.
| | - Julio Cortijo
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain.
- CIBERES, Health Institute Carlos III, 28029 Valencia, Spain.
- Research and teaching Unit, University General Hospital Consortium, 46014 Valencia, Spain.
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17
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Wei DM, Chen WJ, Meng RM, Zhao N, Zhang XY, Liao DY, Chen G. Augmented expression of Ki-67 is correlated with clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis for lung cancer patients: an up-dated systematic review and meta-analysis with 108 studies and 14,732 patients. Respir Res 2018; 19:150. [PMID: 30103737 PMCID: PMC6088431 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-018-0843-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Accepted: 07/13/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Lung cancer ranks as the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide and we performed this meta-analysis to investigate eligible studies and determine the prognostic effect of Ki-67. Methods In total, 108 studies in 95 articles with 14,732 patients were found to be eligible, of which 96 studies reported on overall survival (OS) and 19 studies reported on disease-free survival (DFS) with relation to Ki-67 expression in lung cancer patients. Results The pooled hazard ratio (HR) indicated that a high Ki-67 level could be a valuable prognostic factor for lung cancer (HR = 1.122 for OS, P < 0.001 and HR = 1.894 for DFS, P < 0.001). Subsequently, the results revealed that a high Ki-67 level was significantly associated with clinical parameters of lung cancer including age (odd ratio, OR = 1.246 for older patients, P = 0.018), gender (OR = 1.874 for males, P < 0.001) and smoking status (OR = 3.087 for smokers, P < 0.001). Additionally, significant positive correlations were found between Ki-67 overexpression and poorer differentiation (OR = 1.993, P = 0.003), larger tumor size (OR = 1.436, P = 0.003), and higher pathologic stages (OR = 1.867 for III-IV, P < 0.001). Furthermore, high expression of Ki-67 was found to be a valuable predictive factor for lymph node metastasis positive (OR = 1.653, P < 0.001) and advanced TNM stages (OR = 1.497 for stage III-IV, P = 0.024). Finally, no publication bias was detected in any of the analyses. Conclusions This study highlights that the high expression of Ki-67 is clinically relevant in terms of the prognostic and clinicopathological characteristics for lung cancer. Nevertheless, more prospective well-designed studies are warranted to validate these findings. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12931-018-0843-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan-Ming Wei
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, 530021, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-Jie Chen
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, 530021, People's Republic of China
| | - Rong-Mei Meng
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, 530021, People's Republic of China
| | - Na Zhao
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, 530021, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang-Yu Zhang
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, 530021, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan-Yu Liao
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, 530021, People's Republic of China
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, 530021, People's Republic of China.
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Ntantie E, Allen MJ, Fletcher J, Nkembo AT, Lamango NS, Ikpatt OF. Suppression of focal adhesion formation may account for the suppression of cell migration, invasion and growth of non-small cell lung cancer cells following treatment with polyisoprenylated cysteinyl amide inhibitors. Oncotarget 2018; 9:25781-25795. [PMID: 29899821 PMCID: PMC5995249 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.25372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2018] [Accepted: 04/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Migratory cells form extracellular matrix attachments called focal-adhesions. Focal adhesion assembly and disassembly are regulated by the Rho family of small GTPases. We previously reported that polyisoprenylated cysteinyl amide inhibitors (PCAIs) suppress Rho protein levels, disrupting F-actin cytoskeleton remodeling in the formation of lamellipodia and filopodia. In this study, we investigated whether these observations effect focal adhesion formation, which involves cell surface receptors known as integrins and several signaling/adaptor proteins such as vinculin, α-actinin, Rock kinases and phospho-Myosin Light Chain-2 (p-MLC-2), that foster the linkage of the actin cytoskeleton to the extracellular matrix. We observed that treatment of H1299 cells with 5 μM PCAIs for 24 h markedly diminished the level of full-length integrin α4 by at least 24% relative to controls. PCAIs at 5 μM, diminished the levels of vinculin by at least 50%. Immunofluorescent analysis showed at least a 76% decrease in the number of vinculin-focal adhesion punctates. In addition, PCAIs diminished Rock1 levels by 25% and its substrate, p-MLC-2 by 75%. PCAIs did not significantly alter the levels of integrin β5, α-actinin, and Rock2, suggesting that the effects of the PCAIs are target specific. Our data indicate that the PCAIs alter the levels of the Rho proteins and their effectors to abrogate their functions in cytoskeleton remodeling thereby suppressing focal adhesion formation. This in turn results in a PCAIs-induced decrease in cell invasion, thus making the PCAIs propitious agents for the inhibition of cancer growth and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Ntantie
- College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32307, USA
| | - Michaela J. Allen
- College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32307, USA
| | - Jerrine Fletcher
- College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32307, USA
| | - Augustine T. Nkembo
- College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32307, USA
| | - Nazarius S. Lamango
- College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32307, USA
| | - Offiong F. Ikpatt
- College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32307, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33027, USA
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19
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Son BK, Kim DH, Min KW, Kim EK, Kwon MJ. Smad4/Fascin index is highly prognostic in patients with diffuse type EBV-associated gastric cancer. Pathol Res Pract 2018; 214:475-481. [PMID: 29572117 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2018.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2017] [Revised: 03/06/2018] [Accepted: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Gastric cancer is a heterogeneous disorder for which predicting clinical outcomes is challenging, although various biomarkers have been suggested. The Smad4 and Fascin proteins are known prognostic indicators of different types of malignancy. Smad4 primarily functions as a key regulator of tumor suppression, whereas Fascin exhibits oncogenic function by enhancing tumor infiltration. A combined marker based on these opposing roles may improve prognostic accuracy in gastric cancer. Smad4 and Fascin expression was assessed in tissue microarrays obtained from 285 primary gastric adenocarcinoma, 201 normal tissue, and 51 metastatic adenocarcinoma samples. A Smad4/Fascin index based on the relative expression of each protein was divided into low- and high-expression groups using receiver operating characteristic curves. We compared normal tissue, primary adenocarcinoma, and metastatic adenocarcinoma in Smad4 and Fascin expression and the differences in clinicopathological findings between low Smad4/Fascin and high Smad4/Fascin expression in gastric adenocarcinoma. High Smad4/Fascin expression was significantly associated with worse outcomes, such as old age, advanced T and N category, large tumor size, high histological grade, lymphatic and vascular invasion, and presence of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) (all p < 0.05). Univariate and multivariate analyses revealed a significant relationship between disease-free or overall survival and Smad4/Fascin index in diffuse-type or EBV-associated gastric cancer (all p < 0.05). A dual marker system using Smad4 and Fascin may be a reliable indicator for predicting clinical outcomes in patients with diffuse-type or EBV-associated gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byoung Kwan Son
- Department of Internal Medicine, Eulji Hospital, Eulji University School of medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Hoon Kim
- Department of Pathology, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyueng-Whan Min
- Department of Pathology, Hanyang University Guri Hospital, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Guri, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea.
| | - Eun-Kyung Kim
- Department of Pathology, Eulji Hospital, Eulji University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Jung Kwon
- Department of Pathology, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
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20
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Wang CQ, Tang CH, Wang Y, Jin L, Wang Q, Li X, Hu GN, Huang BF, Zhao YM, Su CM. FSCN1 gene polymorphisms: biomarkers for the development and progression of breast cancer. Sci Rep 2017; 7:15887. [PMID: 29162880 PMCID: PMC5698288 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-16196-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2017] [Accepted: 11/08/2017] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is a major cause of cancer mortality worldwide. Fascin-1 (FSCN1) is an actin-binding protein found in mammalian cells, including endothelial, neuronal and mesenchymal cells. FSCN1 overexpression has been indicated in breast cancer patients. However, scant information is available regarding the association between FSCN1 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and the risk or prognosis of breast cancer. We report on the association between 6 SNPs of the FSCN1 gene (rs56156320, rs8772, rs3801004, rs2966447, rs852479 and rs1640233) and breast cancer susceptibility as well as clinical outcomes in 316 patients with breast cancer and in 222 healthy controls. Carriers of the AC or AC + CC allele of the variant rs56156320 were at greater risk of breast cancer compared with wild-type (AA) carriers. Moreover, carriers of at least one G allele in rs3801004 were likely to progress to stage III/IV disease and lymph node metastasis. Individuals with at least one T allele at FSCN1 SNP rs2966447 were at higher risk of developing pathologic grade G3 disease. Furthermore, individuals bearing the C/C haplotype at SNPs rs56156320 and rs3801004 had nearly twice the risk of breast cancer. Our results indicate that genetic variations in the FSCN1 gene may serve as an important predictor of early-stage breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao-Qun Wang
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Dongyang Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Dongyang, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chih-Hsin Tang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Biotechnology, College of Health Science, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Dongyang Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Dongyang, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lulu Jin
- Laboratory of Biomedicine, Affiliated Dongyang Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Dongyang, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Dongyang Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Dongyang, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaoni Li
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui, China
| | - Gui-Nv Hu
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Affiliated Dongyang Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Dongyang, Zhejiang, China
| | - Bi-Fei Huang
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Dongyang Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Dongyang, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yong-Ming Zhao
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Affiliated Dongyang Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Dongyang, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chen-Ming Su
- Laboratory of Biomedicine, Affiliated Dongyang Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Dongyang, Zhejiang, China.
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Richmond AM, Blake EA, Torkko K, Smith EE, Spillman MA, Post MD. Fascin Is Associated With Aggressive Behavior and Poor Outcome in Uterine Carcinosarcoma. Int J Gynecol Cancer 2017; 27:1895-1903. [PMID: 28704324 DOI: 10.1097/igc.0000000000001077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The mechanisms underlying the histogenesis and aggressiveness of uterine carcinosarcoma (UCS) are poorly understood; however, previous studies implicate epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Fascin is a proinvasive, actin-bundling protein and an important component of EMT. It is associated with poor outcomes in human carcinoma, especially in estrogen receptor (ER)-negative tumors arising in organs normally expressing ER. We sought to evaluate fascin expression in UCS and its relationship to ER status, clinicopathologic indicators of tumor aggressiveness, and survival outcomes. METHOD Forty-four surgically staged cases of UCS were immunohistochemically evaluated for fascin and estrogen receptor-α expression and correlated with clinicopathologic parameters derived from electronic medical records and pathology reports. RESULTS Fascin was only expressed in malignant epithelium and mesenchyma and was uniformly absent in background benign counterparts. Increased expression was associated with extrapelvic disease (P = 0.028), higher stage (P = 0.021), larger tumor size (P = 0.032), shorter progression-free interval (P = 0.035), and reduced estrogen receptor-α expression (P = 0.04). CONCLUSION Fascin is aberrantly expressed in both elements of UCS and is associated with aggressive behavior and worse outcome. As a component of EMT and mediator of invasion, fascin may serve as a target in future therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abby M Richmond
- *Department of Pathology, and †Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Colorado Aurora, CO; and ‡Texas Oncology, Baylor Sammons Cancer Center, Dallas, TX
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Yu S, Xie H, Zhang J, Wang D, Song Y, Zhang S, Zheng S, Wang J. MicroRNA‑663 suppresses the proliferation and invasion of colorectal cancer cells by directly targeting FSCN1. Mol Med Rep 2017; 16:9707-9714. [PMID: 29039557 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.7794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2016] [Accepted: 08/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the most frequently diagnosed malignancy of the gastrointestinal tract. The dysregulation of microRNAs (miRNAs/miRs) has been reported in the majority of types of human cancer, and is correlated with tumorigenesis and tumor development. Abnormal expression of miR‑663 has been observed in various types of human cancer. However, little is known about its role in CRC. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to clarify the expression and potential role of miR‑663, and its underlying molecular mechanism in CRC. It was observed that miR‑663 was markedly downregulated in CRC tissues and cell lines. Decreased miR‑663 expression levels in CRC tissues were correlated with tumor, node, metastasis stage and lymph node metastasis. Functional assays revealed that upregulation of miR‑663 inhibited cell proliferation and invasion in CRC. Further molecular mechanism assays demonstrated the fascin (FSCN1) was a target gene of miR‑663. In addition, FSCN1 was increased and negatively correlated with miR‑663 expression in CRC tissues. FSCN1 underexpression mimicked the tumor suppressive functions induced by miR‑663 overexpression on CRC cell proliferation and invasion. Collectively, the present study presented evidence that miR‑663 may act as a tumor suppressor in CRC by directly targeting FSCN1, which may lead to a potential therapeutic strategy focusing on miR‑663 and FSCN1 for patients with this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaojun Yu
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, P.R. China
| | - Haiting Xie
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, P.R. China
| | - Jingjing Zhang
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, P.R. China
| | - Da Wang
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, P.R. China
| | - Yongmao Song
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, P.R. China
| | - Suzhan Zhang
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, P.R. China
| | - Shu Zheng
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, P.R. China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, P.R. China
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Pelosi G, Sonzogni A, Harari S, Albini A, Bresaola E, Marchiò C, Massa F, Righi L, Gatti G, Papanikolaou N, Vijayvergia N, Calabrese F, Papotti M. Classification of pulmonary neuroendocrine tumors: new insights. Transl Lung Cancer Res 2017; 6:513-529. [PMID: 29114468 PMCID: PMC5653522 DOI: 10.21037/tlcr.2017.09.04] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2017] [Accepted: 09/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Neuroendocrine tumors of the lung (Lu-NETs) embrace a heterogeneous family of neoplasms classified into four histological variants, namely typical carcinoid (TC), atypical carcinoid (AC), large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (LCNEC) and small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC). Defining criteria on resection specimens include mitotic count in 2 mm2 and the presence or absence of necrosis, alongside a constellation of cytological and histological traits including cell size and shape, nuclear features and overall architecture. Clinically, TC are low-grade malignant tumors, AC intermediate-grade malignant tumors and SCLC/LCNEC high-grade malignant full-blown carcinomas with no significant differences in survival between them. Homologous tumors arise in the thymus that occasionally have some difficulties in differentiating from the lung counterparts when presented with large unresectable or metastatic lesions. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) helps refine NE diagnosis at various anatomical sites, particularly on small-sized tissue material, in which only TC and small cell carcinoma categories can be recognized easily on hematoxylin & eosin stain, while AC and LCNEC can only be suggested on such material. The Ki-67 labeling index effectively separates carcinoids from small cell carcinoma and may prove useful for the clinical management of a metastatic disease to help the therapeutic decision-making process. Although carcinoids and high-grade neuroendocrine carcinomas in the lung and elsewhere make up separate tumor categories on molecular grounds, emerging data supports the concept of secondary high-grade NETs arising in the preexisting carcinoids, whose clinical and biological relevance will have to be placed into the proper context for the optimal management of these patients. In this review, we will discuss the selected, recent literature with a focus on current issues regarding Lu-NET nosology, i.e., classification, derivation and tumor evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Pelosi
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
- Inter-hospital Pathology Division, Science & Technology Park, IRCCS MultiMedica Group, Milan, Italy
| | - Angelica Sonzogni
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Sergio Harari
- Department of Medical Sciences and Division of Pneumology, San Giuseppe Hospital, Science & Technology Park, IRCCS MultiMedica Group, Milan, Italy
| | - Adriana Albini
- Laboratory of Vascular Biology and Angiogenesis, Science & Technology Park, IRCCS MultiMedica Group, Milan, Italy
| | - Enrica Bresaola
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Caterina Marchiò
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, and Pathology Division, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza, Turin, Italy
| | - Federica Massa
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, and Pathology Division, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza, Turin, Italy
| | - Luisella Righi
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, Pathology Division, San Luigi Hospital, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Gaia Gatti
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, Pathology Division, San Luigi Hospital, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Nikolaos Papanikolaou
- Inter-hospital Pathology Division, Science & Technology Park, IRCCS MultiMedica Group, Milan, Italy
| | - Namrata Vijayvergia
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Fiorella Calabrese
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences, University of Padua, Padova, Italy
| | - Mauro Papotti
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, and Pathology Division, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza, Turin, Italy
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Lin S, Lu S, Mulaj M, Fang B, Keeley T, Wan L, Hao J, Muschol M, Sun J, Yang S. Monoubiquitination Inhibits the Actin Bundling Activity of Fascin. J Biol Chem 2016; 291:27323-27333. [PMID: 27879315 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.767640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2016] [Revised: 11/21/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Fascin is an actin bundling protein that cross-links individual actin filaments into straight, compact, and stiff bundles, which are crucial for the formation of filopodia, stereocillia, and other finger-like membrane protrusions. The dysregulation of fascin has been implicated in cancer metastasis, hearing loss, and blindness. Here we identified monoubiquitination as a novel mechanism that regulates fascin bundling activity and dynamics. The monoubiquitination sites were identified to be Lys247 and Lys250, two residues located in a positive charge patch at the actin binding site 2 of fascin. Using a chemical ubiquitination method, we synthesized chemically monoubiquitinated fascin and determined the effects of monoubiquitination on fascin bundling activity and dynamics. Our data demonstrated that monoubiquitination decreased the fascin bundling EC50, delayed the initiation of bundle assembly, and accelerated the disassembly of existing bundles. By analyzing the electrostatic properties on the solvent-accessible surface of fascin, we proposed that monoubiquitination introduced steric hindrance to interfere with the interaction between actin filaments and the positively charged patch at actin binding site 2. We also identified Smurf1 as a E3 ligase regulating the monoubiquitination of fascin. Our findings revealed a previously unidentified regulatory mechanism for fascin, which will have important implications for the understanding of actin bundle regulation under physiological and pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shuang Lu
- From the Departments of Tumor Biology
| | | | - Bin Fang
- Proteomics, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida 33612
| | - Tyler Keeley
- From the Departments of Tumor Biology.,the Cancer Biology Ph.D. Program, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33620
| | | | - Jihui Hao
- the Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Department of Pancreatic Cancer, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Martin Muschol
- Proteomics, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida 33612
| | - Jianwei Sun
- From the Departments of Tumor Biology, .,the College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China, and
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25
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He X, Yuan C, Yang J. Regulation and functional significance of CDC42 alternative splicing in ovarian cancer. Oncotarget 2016; 6:29651-63. [PMID: 26336992 PMCID: PMC4745753 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.4865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2014] [Accepted: 08/12/2015] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Our previous study found that splicing factor polypyrimidine tract-binding protein 1 (PTBP1) had a role in tumorigenesis but the underlying mechanism remained unclear. In this study, we observed that knockdown of PTBP1 inhibited filopodia formation. Subsequently, we found that PTBP1 regulated the alternative splicing of CDC42, a major regulator of filopodia formation. Two CDC42 variants, CDC42-v1 and CDC42-v2, can be generated through alternative splicing. Knockdown of PTBP1 increased the expression of CDC42-v2. Ectopic expression of individual variants showed that CDC42-v2 suppressed filopodia formation, opposite to the effect of CDC42-v1. Quantitative RT-PCR revealed that CDC42-v2 was expressed at lower levels in ovarian cancer cell lines and ovarian tumor tissues than in normal control cells and tissues. Further, CDC42-v2 was observed to have inhibitory effects on ovarian tumor cell growth, colony formation in soft agar and invasiveness. In contrast, these inhibitory effects were not found with CDC42-v1. Taken together, above results suggest that the role of PTBP1 in tumorigenesis may be partly mediated by its regulation of CDC42 alternative splicing and CDC42-v2 might function as a tumor suppressor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolong He
- Department of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy-Rockford, The University of Illinois at Chicago, Rockford, IL 61107, USA
| | - Chengfu Yuan
- Medical College of China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei, 443002, People's Republic of China
| | - Jilai Yang
- Department of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy-Rockford, The University of Illinois at Chicago, Rockford, IL 61107, USA
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Zhang M, Dong BB, Lu M, Zheng MJ, Chen H, Ding JZ, Xu AM, Xu YH. miR-429 functions as a tumor suppressor by targeting FSCN1 in gastric cancer cells. Onco Targets Ther 2016; 9:1123-33. [PMID: 27042104 PMCID: PMC4780435 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s91879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been previously reported that the deregulation of microRNAs in gastric cancer (GC) was correlated with the progression and prognosis. miR-429, a member of the miR-200 family, was previously shown to play an important role in human carcinomas. Our study shows that miR-429 is significantly downregulated in GC tissues compared with matched nontumor tissues. Overexpression of miR-429 in GC cells suppressed cell proliferation. Fascin-1 (FSCN1) was identified as one of the targets of miR-429 and knockdown of FSCN1 mimics the function of miR-429 overexpression. In conclusion, miR-429 acts as a tumor suppressor by targeting FSCN1, suggesting that miR-429 and FSCN1 can both be potential therapeutic targets of GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhang
- Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Bing-Bin Dong
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Lu
- Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Mei-Juan Zheng
- Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - He Chen
- Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing-Zhen Ding
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - A-Man Xu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan-Hong Xu
- Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People's Republic of China
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27
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Fascin 1 promoted the growth and migration of non-small cell lung cancer cells by activating YAP/TEAD signaling. Tumour Biol 2016; 37:10909-15. [DOI: 10.1007/s13277-016-4934-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2015] [Accepted: 01/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
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Negative association between GATA3 and fascin could predict relapse-free and overall survival in patients with breast cancer. Virchows Arch 2015; 468:409-16. [PMID: 26719157 DOI: 10.1007/s00428-015-1894-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2015] [Revised: 10/16/2015] [Accepted: 11/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
GATA3 and fascin proteins are known prognostic markers in several cancers. GATA3 is a key regulator of mammary gland morphogenesis and luminal cell differentiation, whereas fascin is a pro-metastatic actin-bundling protein. In this study, we analyzed and compared the predictive abilities of GATA3 and fascin for clinical outcomes of patients with breast cancer. The combined expression pattern based on GATA3-/+ and fascin-/+ was evaluated by immunostaining using a tissue microarray, and relationships between protein expression and several clinicopathological parameters were analyzed. GATA3 expression was associated with good prognostic parameters, but fascin was correlated with poor prognostic parameters. On comparing GATA3 and fascin, we found an inverse relationship between fascin and GATA3 expressions. On analysis of combined markers, GATA3+/fascin- was correlated with improved clinical outcomes compared to GATA3-/fascin+. Univariate and multivariate analyses revealed significant differences in relapse-free and overall survival between GATA3+/fascin- and GATA3-/fascin+. Combined marker analysis of GATA3/fascin showed an inverse association and improved prognostic information for patients with breast cancer.
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29
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Ma Y, Machesky LM. Fascin1 in carcinomas: Its regulation and prognostic value. Int J Cancer 2015; 137:2534-44. [PMID: 25302416 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.29260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2014] [Accepted: 10/01/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Previous cell biological studies demonstrate that the actin bundling protein fascin1 regulates cell motility, migration and invasion. Human studies demonstrate that fascin1 is upregulated in many epithelial cancers. This review gives a brief overview of the role of fascin1 in cell migration and invasion, but focuses mainly on the regulation and clinical relevance of fascin1 in epithelial cancers. Here, we propose fascin1 as a potent prognostic biomarker for breast, colorectal, esophageal cancers and head and neck squamous cell carcinomas. Fascin1 may also be an attractive drug target against these carcinomas in the future, but more studies are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yafeng Ma
- School of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Medical Oncology Group, Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research, Liverpool, NSW2170, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Laura M Machesky
- Beatson Institute for Cancer Research, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Bearsden, Glasgow, G61 1BD, Scotland, United Kingdom
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30
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Zhao W, Gao J, Wu J, Liu QH, Wang ZG, Li HL, Xing LH. Expression of Fascin-1 on human lung cancer and paracarcinoma tissue and its relation to clinicopathological characteristics in patients with lung cancer. Onco Targets Ther 2015; 8:2571-6. [PMID: 26451116 PMCID: PMC4592059 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s81915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lung cancer poses a severe threat to human life. Biomarkers of cancers are helpful in the diagnosis and treatment of patients with cancers. Biomarkers of lung cancers are rare, and thus deserve further research. OBJECTIVE The objective of the present study was to explore the expression of Fascin-1 in human lung cancer and paracarcinoma tissue, its correlation with clinicopathological characteristics in patients with lung cancer, and study the possible relationship between Fascin-1 expression and clinical-biological behavior of lung cancer. METHOD This study used the MaxVision two-step immunohistochemical detection method to detect Fascin-1 expression in 84 of lung cancer and paracarcinoma tissues. This study set the expression of Fascin-1 in vascular endothelial cells as the positive control, and used phosphate buffered saline (replacing the primary antibodies) as negative control. RESULT Of all the 84 lung cancer tissues and paracarcinoma tissues, positive expression of the Fascin-1 protein were detected in 78 cases (92.9%) and 27 cases (32.1%), respectively, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Differences in Fascin-1 expression between different age groups, clinical stages, and lymph node metastases were statistically significant (P<0.05), while differences in Fascin-1 expression between sexes, tumor stages, and pathological types demonstrated no statistical significance (P>0.05). The survival times of the patients with different Fascin-1 protein-positive expressions in lung cancer tissues were statistically significant (P>0.05), while the survival times of the patients with different Fascin-1 protein-positive expressions in paracarcinoma tissues were not statistically significant (P>0.05). CONCLUSION In lung cancer, Fascin-1 expression was closely related to tumor invasion and metastasis, and the difference in expression of Fascin-1 had a significant effect on the survival time of the lung cancer patients. Therefore, Fascin-1 might be expected to serve as a possible potential biomarker of lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhao
- The Third Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jing Gao
- The Third Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jing Wu
- The Third Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qiu-hong Liu
- The Third Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhi-gang Wang
- The Third Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hui-ling Li
- The Third Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Li-hua Xing
- The Third Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, People’s Republic of China
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31
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Luo A, Yin Y, Li X, Xu H, Mei Q, Feng D. The clinical significance of FSCN1 in non-small cell lung cancer. Biomed Pharmacother 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2015.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
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32
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MIN KYUENGWHAN, CHAE SEOUNGWAN, KIM DONGHOON, DO SUNGIM, KIM KYUNGEUN, LEE HYUNJOO, SOHN JINHEE, PYO JUNGSOO, KIM DONGHYUN, OH SUKJOONG, CHOI SEONHYEONG, PARK YONGLAI, PARK CHANHEUN. Fascin expression predicts an aggressive clinical course in patients with advanced breast cancer. Oncol Lett 2015; 10:121-130. [PMID: 26170987 PMCID: PMC4487011 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2015.3191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2014] [Accepted: 04/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Fascin is an actin cross-linking protein, which regulates actin dynamics and filopodia or spike formation, as well as the epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and has been implicated in cell motility. Although, fascin is pivotal in mediating the aggressive behaviour of various types of cancer, its prognostic significance according to tumour stage has yet to be evaluated. Therefore, the present study investigated fascin expression in 194 patients diagnosed with invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast between 2000 and 2005. Fascin protein expression levels were evaluated by immunostaining on a tissue microarray, and the association between fascin expression and various clinicopathological parameters was analysed. Fascin expression was significantly correlated with various clinicopathological parameters, including high histological grade, tumour necrosis, resistance to adjuvant therapy, high expression of p53 and Ki-67 and specific therapeutic markers (oestrogen and progesterone receptor negativity; all P<0.05). Furthermore, univariate and multivariate analyses identified a significant association between fascin expression, and poor disease-free and overall survival, in late-stage breast cancer (all P<0.05). Therefore, fascin may be crucial in predicting aggressive tumour behaviour, particularly in patients with advanced-stage disease that has acquired the properties of migration and invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- KYUENG-WHAN MIN
- Department of Pathology, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - SEOUNG WAN CHAE
- Department of Pathology, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - DONG-HOON KIM
- Department of Pathology, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - SUNG-IM DO
- Department of Pathology, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - KYUNGEUN KIM
- Department of Pathology, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - HYUN JOO LEE
- Department of Pathology, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - JIN HEE SOHN
- Department of Pathology, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - JUNG-SOO PYO
- Department of Pathology, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - DONG HYUN KIM
- Department of Pathology, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - SUKJOONG OH
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - SEON HYEONG CHOI
- Department of Radiology, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - YONG LAI PARK
- Department of Surgery, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - CHAN HEUN PARK
- Department of Surgery, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Ling XL, Zhang T, Hou XM, Zhao D. Clinicopathological significance of fascin-1 expression in patients with non-small cell lung cancer. Onco Targets Ther 2015; 8:1589-95. [PMID: 26170694 PMCID: PMC4492659 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s84308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Fascin-1 promotes the formation of filopodia, lamellipodia, and microspikes of cell membrane after its cross-linking with F-actin, thereby enhancing the cell movement and metastasis and invasion of tumor cells. This study explored the fascin-1 protein's expression in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) tissues and its relationship with clinical pathology and prognostic indicators. METHODS Immunohistochemical analysis was used to determine the expression of fascin-1 in NSCLC tissues. We used quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis to further verify the results. The fascin-1 expression and statistical method for clinical pathological parameters are examined by χ (2). Kaplan-Meier method is used for survival analysis. Cox's Proportional Hazard Model was used to conduct a combined-effect analysis for each covariate. RESULTS In 73 of the 128 cases, NSCLC cancer tissues (57.0%) were found with high expression of fascin-1, which was significantly higher than the adjacent tissues (35/128, 27.3%). The results suggested that the high expression of fascin-1 was significantly correlated with lymph node metastasis (P=0.022) and TNM stage (P=0.042). The high fascin-1 expression patients survived shorter than those NSCLC patients with low fascin-1 expression (P<0.05). Univariate analysis revealed that lymph node metastasis, TNM stage, and fascin-1 expression status were correlated with the overall survival. Similarly, lymph node metastasis, TNM stage, and fascin-1 expression status were significantly associated with the overall survival in multivariate analyses by using the Cox regression model. CONCLUSION The fascin-1 protein may be a useful prognostic indicator and hopeful new target for NSCLC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Ling Ling
- Department of Oncology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University (The Branch Hospital of Donggang), Lanzhou, Gansu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University (The Branch Hospital of Donggang), Lanzhou, Gansu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Ming Hou
- Department of Oncology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University (The Branch Hospital of Donggang), Lanzhou, Gansu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Da Zhao
- Department of Oncology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University (The Branch Hospital of Donggang), Lanzhou, Gansu Province, People's Republic of China
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Stewart CJR, Crook ML. Fascin expression in undifferentiated and dedifferentiated endometrial carcinoma. Hum Pathol 2015; 46:1514-20. [PMID: 26239622 DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2015.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2015] [Revised: 06/04/2015] [Accepted: 06/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The actin-binding protein fascin promotes cellular invasion, and increased fascin expression correlates with adverse prognostic factors in a variety of tumors. Fascin up-regulation may also be associated with epithelial-mesenchymal transition in neoplastic epithelial cells. This study investigated fascin expression in undifferentiated and dedifferentiated endometrial carcinoma (UEC), a clinically aggressive variant of endometrial neoplasia. Twenty-two UECs, 5 of which were entirely undifferentiated and 17 dedifferentiated, were examined. In the dedifferentiated group, staining was compared between the differentiated and undifferentiated tumor components. Where applicable, fascin expression was noted in foci of lymphovascular space invasion. The mean age was 67.6 years, and 11 patients (50%) presented with stage III or IV disease. The undifferentiated tumor component showed diffuse fascin expression in 20 cases (91%) including 4 of 5 pure undifferentiated carcinomas and 16 of 17 dedifferentiated carcinomas. In contrast, the low-grade endometrioid carcinoma component of 13 (77%) of 17 dedifferentiated carcinomas was fascin negative or showed only focal staining. Intravascular undifferentiated tumor cells were identified in 16 cases, and these were consistently fascin positive, whereas low-grade intravascular tumor cells, present in 2 cases, were not stained. Fascin up-regulation may be a contributory factor toward the highly invasive character of UEC and could represent an epithelial-mesenchymal transition-like process in these tumors. Fascin expression in intravascular tumor cells may be permissive toward intravascular survival and metastatic risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colin J R Stewart
- Department of Histopathology, King Edward Memorial Hospital, Perth, Western Australia 6008, Australia; School for Women's and Infants' Health, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia 6008, Australia.
| | - Maxine L Crook
- Department of Histopathology, King Edward Memorial Hospital, Perth, Western Australia 6008, Australia
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Fascin expression in cervical normal squamous epithelium, cervical intraepithelial neoplasia, and superficially invasive (stage IA1) squamous carcinoma of the cervix. Pathology 2015; 46:433-8. [PMID: 24977742 DOI: 10.1097/pat.0000000000000124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The aims of this study were to: investigate fascin expression in normal cervix, cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN), and stage IA1 squamous cell carcinoma (SCC).Fascin immunostaining was performed in cervical biopsies showing normal squamous epithelium (n=10), CIN 1 (n=10), CIN 2-3 without invasion (n=11), and CIN 2-3 adjacent to SCC (n=40); SCC was also present in 27 of the latter cases.Fascin expression in normal squamous epithelium was restricted to basal and parabasal cells, whereas there was increased staining in immature squamous metaplasia and in most CIN lesions. Full thickness staining was more frequent in high grade CIN adjacent to invasion than in CIN 2-3 alone. Eighteen SCCs (67%) were fascin positive and seven cases showed accentuated staining at the tumour-stromal interface (invasive front). There was no consistent relationship between fascin expression in CIN lesions and in corresponding carcinomas. Fascin staining in reactive stromal cells sometimes made identification of the invasive neoplastic cells difficult.Fascin is overexpressed in most CIN lesions and this may be a marker of increased invasive potential in high grade CIN. However, fascin staining does not distinguish low and high grade CIN or in situ and invasive squamous neoplasia. Therefore fascin has limited diagnostic utility in demonstrating superficial stromal invasion.
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Radiological characteristics, histological features and clinical outcomes of lung cancer patients with coexistent idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Lung 2014; 193:71-7. [PMID: 25381634 DOI: 10.1007/s00408-014-9664-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2014] [Accepted: 10/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Despite advances in diagnosis and management, the outcomes for both lung cancer and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) are still unfavourable. The pathophysiology and outcomes for patients with concomitant lung cancer and IPF remains unclear. METHODOLOGY A retrospective analysis was performed of all patients presenting with concomitant IPF and lung cancer to our centre over a 3-year period. Patients with connective tissue disease, asbestos exposure, sarcoidosis, previous thoracic radiation, radiological evidence of fibrosis but no histological confirmation of lung cancer, or the use of medications known to cause pulmonary fibrosis were excluded. We describe clinical, radiological and pathological characteristics of this group. We also report the response to standardized lung cancer therapy in this cohort. RESULTS Of 637 lung cancer patients, 34 were identified with concomitant IPF (5.3 %) and all were smokers. 85 % had non-small cell lung cancer, 41 % were squamous cell cancers. The majority of tumours were located in the lower lobes, peripheral and present in an area of honeycombing. Despite the fact that approximately 2/3rds of the patients had localised or locally advanced lung cancer, the outcome of therapy for lung cancer was extremely poor regardless of tumour stage or severity of IPF. CONCLUSIONS At our centre, 1/20 patients with lung cancer have concomitant IPF. The majority of these tumours are small in size, peripheral in location and squamous cell carcinoma; in an area of honey combing. The outcome for concomitant lung cancer and IPF regardless of stage or therapy is poor.
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Qin Y, Dang X, Li W, Ma Q. miR-133a Functions as a Tumor Suppressor and Directly Targets FSCN1 in Pancreatic Cancer. Oncol Res 2014; 21:353-63. [DOI: 10.3727/096504014x14024160459122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Youssef NS, Hakim SA. Association of Fascin and matrix metalloproteinase-9 expression with poor prognostic parameters in breast carcinoma of Egyptian women. Diagn Pathol 2014; 9:136. [PMID: 24993803 PMCID: PMC4099107 DOI: 10.1186/1746-1596-9-136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2014] [Accepted: 06/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract Virtual slides The virtual slide(s) for this article can be found here: http://www.diagnosticpathology.diagnomx.eu/vs/1421167695121127.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nermeen Salah Youssef
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Abbasseya square, Cairo, Egypt.
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Arjonen A, Kaukonen R, Mattila E, Rouhi P, Högnäs G, Sihto H, Miller BW, Morton JP, Bucher E, Taimen P, Virtakoivu R, Cao Y, Sansom OJ, Joensuu H, Ivaska J. Mutant p53-associated myosin-X upregulation promotes breast cancer invasion and metastasis. J Clin Invest 2014; 124:1069-82. [PMID: 24487586 PMCID: PMC3934176 DOI: 10.1172/jci67280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2013] [Accepted: 11/14/2013] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Mutations of the tumor suppressor TP53 are present in many forms of human cancer and are associated with increased tumor cell invasion and metastasis. Several mechanisms have been identified for promoting dissemination of cancer cells with TP53 mutations, including increased targeting of integrins to the plasma membrane. Here, we demonstrate a role for the filopodia-inducing motor protein Myosin-X (Myo10) in mutant p53-driven cancer invasion. Analysis of gene expression profiles from 2 breast cancer data sets revealed that MYO10 was highly expressed in aggressive cancer subtypes. Myo10 was required for breast cancer cell invasion and dissemination in multiple cancer cell lines and murine models of cancer metastasis. Evaluation of a Myo10 mutant without the integrin-binding domain revealed that the ability of Myo10 to transport β₁ integrins to the filopodia tip is required for invasion. Introduction of mutant p53 promoted Myo10 expression in cancer cells and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma in mice, whereas suppression of endogenous mutant p53 attenuated Myo10 levels and cell invasion. In clinical breast carcinomas, Myo10 was predominantly expressed at the invasive edges and correlated with the presence of TP53 mutations and poor prognosis. These data indicate that Myo10 upregulation in mutant p53-driven cancers is necessary for invasion and that plasma-membrane protrusions, such as filopodia, may serve as specialized metastatic engines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antti Arjonen
- Medical Biotechnology, VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Turku, Finland.
Turku Centre for Biotechnology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, University of Helsinki, Biomedicum, Helsinki, Finland.
CR-UK Beatson Institute for Cancer Research, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom.
Department of Pathology, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland.
Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.
Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, and NIHR Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, United Kingdom.
Department of Oncology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.
Department of Biochemistry and Food Chemistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Riina Kaukonen
- Medical Biotechnology, VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Turku, Finland.
Turku Centre for Biotechnology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, University of Helsinki, Biomedicum, Helsinki, Finland.
CR-UK Beatson Institute for Cancer Research, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom.
Department of Pathology, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland.
Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.
Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, and NIHR Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, United Kingdom.
Department of Oncology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.
Department of Biochemistry and Food Chemistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Elina Mattila
- Medical Biotechnology, VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Turku, Finland.
Turku Centre for Biotechnology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, University of Helsinki, Biomedicum, Helsinki, Finland.
CR-UK Beatson Institute for Cancer Research, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom.
Department of Pathology, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland.
Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.
Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, and NIHR Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, United Kingdom.
Department of Oncology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.
Department of Biochemistry and Food Chemistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Pegah Rouhi
- Medical Biotechnology, VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Turku, Finland.
Turku Centre for Biotechnology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, University of Helsinki, Biomedicum, Helsinki, Finland.
CR-UK Beatson Institute for Cancer Research, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom.
Department of Pathology, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland.
Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.
Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, and NIHR Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, United Kingdom.
Department of Oncology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.
Department of Biochemistry and Food Chemistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Gunilla Högnäs
- Medical Biotechnology, VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Turku, Finland.
Turku Centre for Biotechnology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, University of Helsinki, Biomedicum, Helsinki, Finland.
CR-UK Beatson Institute for Cancer Research, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom.
Department of Pathology, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland.
Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.
Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, and NIHR Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, United Kingdom.
Department of Oncology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.
Department of Biochemistry and Food Chemistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Harri Sihto
- Medical Biotechnology, VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Turku, Finland.
Turku Centre for Biotechnology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, University of Helsinki, Biomedicum, Helsinki, Finland.
CR-UK Beatson Institute for Cancer Research, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom.
Department of Pathology, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland.
Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.
Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, and NIHR Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, United Kingdom.
Department of Oncology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.
Department of Biochemistry and Food Chemistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Bryan W. Miller
- Medical Biotechnology, VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Turku, Finland.
Turku Centre for Biotechnology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, University of Helsinki, Biomedicum, Helsinki, Finland.
CR-UK Beatson Institute for Cancer Research, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom.
Department of Pathology, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland.
Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.
Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, and NIHR Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, United Kingdom.
Department of Oncology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.
Department of Biochemistry and Food Chemistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Jennifer P. Morton
- Medical Biotechnology, VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Turku, Finland.
Turku Centre for Biotechnology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, University of Helsinki, Biomedicum, Helsinki, Finland.
CR-UK Beatson Institute for Cancer Research, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom.
Department of Pathology, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland.
Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.
Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, and NIHR Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, United Kingdom.
Department of Oncology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.
Department of Biochemistry and Food Chemistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Elmar Bucher
- Medical Biotechnology, VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Turku, Finland.
Turku Centre for Biotechnology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, University of Helsinki, Biomedicum, Helsinki, Finland.
CR-UK Beatson Institute for Cancer Research, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom.
Department of Pathology, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland.
Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.
Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, and NIHR Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, United Kingdom.
Department of Oncology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.
Department of Biochemistry and Food Chemistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Pekka Taimen
- Medical Biotechnology, VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Turku, Finland.
Turku Centre for Biotechnology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, University of Helsinki, Biomedicum, Helsinki, Finland.
CR-UK Beatson Institute for Cancer Research, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom.
Department of Pathology, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland.
Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.
Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, and NIHR Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, United Kingdom.
Department of Oncology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.
Department of Biochemistry and Food Chemistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Reetta Virtakoivu
- Medical Biotechnology, VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Turku, Finland.
Turku Centre for Biotechnology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, University of Helsinki, Biomedicum, Helsinki, Finland.
CR-UK Beatson Institute for Cancer Research, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom.
Department of Pathology, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland.
Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.
Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, and NIHR Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, United Kingdom.
Department of Oncology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.
Department of Biochemistry and Food Chemistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Yihai Cao
- Medical Biotechnology, VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Turku, Finland.
Turku Centre for Biotechnology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, University of Helsinki, Biomedicum, Helsinki, Finland.
CR-UK Beatson Institute for Cancer Research, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom.
Department of Pathology, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland.
Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.
Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, and NIHR Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, United Kingdom.
Department of Oncology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.
Department of Biochemistry and Food Chemistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Owen J. Sansom
- Medical Biotechnology, VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Turku, Finland.
Turku Centre for Biotechnology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, University of Helsinki, Biomedicum, Helsinki, Finland.
CR-UK Beatson Institute for Cancer Research, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom.
Department of Pathology, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland.
Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.
Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, and NIHR Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, United Kingdom.
Department of Oncology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.
Department of Biochemistry and Food Chemistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Heikki Joensuu
- Medical Biotechnology, VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Turku, Finland.
Turku Centre for Biotechnology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, University of Helsinki, Biomedicum, Helsinki, Finland.
CR-UK Beatson Institute for Cancer Research, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom.
Department of Pathology, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland.
Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.
Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, and NIHR Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, United Kingdom.
Department of Oncology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.
Department of Biochemistry and Food Chemistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Johanna Ivaska
- Medical Biotechnology, VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Turku, Finland.
Turku Centre for Biotechnology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, University of Helsinki, Biomedicum, Helsinki, Finland.
CR-UK Beatson Institute for Cancer Research, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom.
Department of Pathology, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland.
Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.
Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, and NIHR Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, United Kingdom.
Department of Oncology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.
Department of Biochemistry and Food Chemistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
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Park SH, Song JY, Kim YK, Heo JH, Kang H, Kim G, An HJ, Kim TH. Fascin1 expression in high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma is a prognostic marker and knockdown of fascin1 suppresses the proliferation of ovarian cancer cells. Int J Oncol 2013; 44:637-46. [PMID: 24378809 PMCID: PMC3928475 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2013.2232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2013] [Accepted: 12/11/2013] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Fascin1 (FSCN1) involved in cell motility and filopodia assembly plays important roles in biological processes such as cancer invasion and metastasis of multiple epithelial tumors. High-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSOC) is aggressive and metastatic by acquiring an invasive phenotype and this step requires remodeling of the actin cytoskeleton. Thus, the present study aimed to investigate the expression of fascin1 in HGSOC tissues as well as its clinical significance such as prognostic predictors and its utility of therapeutic target. Fascin1 and β-catenin were evaluated using immunohistochemistry on a tissue microarray of 79 HGSOC. Small interfering RNA (siRNA) approach was used to knock down fascin1 expression in ovarian cancer cell lines to determine whether fascin1 contributes to tumor cell proliferation, migration and invasion. Fascin1 expression levels were determined by western blot analysis after siRNA transfection using two human ovarian cancer cell lines (SKOV3 and OVCAR3). Fascin1 overexpression was significantly correlated with lymph node involvement, distance metastasis and high International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage (III/IV) (P<0.05). A Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that the fascin1 expression group was significantly associated with poor overall survival (P=0.010). We showed that inactivation of fascin1 by siRNA transfection led to a drop in cell viability, and significantly decreased tumor cell proliferation, migration and invasiveness compared to untransfected cells. We found that fascin1 expression is a potential poor marker of prognosis for patients with HGSOC and knockdown of fascin1 suppresses ovarian cancer cell proliferation and migration, this could be applied for therapeutic targets in ovarian cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sae Hyun Park
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, CHA Gangnam Medical Center, Gangnam-Gu, Seoul 135-907, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Ye Song
- Clinical Research Institute, CHA University, Bundang-Gu, Seongnam-Si, Gyeonggi-Do 463-712, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu-Kyung Kim
- Clinical Research Institute, CHA University, Bundang-Gu, Seongnam-Si, Gyeonggi-Do 463-712, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Hyung Heo
- Department of Pathology, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Bundang-Gu, Seongnam-Si, Gyeonggi-Do 463-712, Republic of Korea
| | - Haeyoun Kang
- Department of Pathology, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Bundang-Gu, Seongnam-Si, Gyeonggi-Do 463-712, Republic of Korea
| | - Gwangil Kim
- Clinical Research Institute, CHA University, Bundang-Gu, Seongnam-Si, Gyeonggi-Do 463-712, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Jung An
- Clinical Research Institute, CHA University, Bundang-Gu, Seongnam-Si, Gyeonggi-Do 463-712, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Hoen Kim
- Clinical Research Institute, CHA University, Bundang-Gu, Seongnam-Si, Gyeonggi-Do 463-712, Republic of Korea
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Teng Y, Xu S, Yue W, Ma L, Zhang L, Zhao X, Guo Y, Zhang C, Gu M, Wang Y. Serological investigation of the clinical significance of fascin in non-small-cell lung cancer. Lung Cancer 2013; 82:346-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2013.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2013] [Revised: 08/16/2013] [Accepted: 08/19/2013] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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Ma Y, Li A, Faller WJ, Libertini S, Fiorito F, Gillespie DA, Sansom OJ, Yamashiro S, Machesky LM. Fascin 1 is transiently expressed in mouse melanoblasts during development and promotes migration and proliferation. Development 2013; 140:2203-11. [PMID: 23633513 PMCID: PMC3912869 DOI: 10.1242/dev.089789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/22/2013] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Fascins, a family of actin-bundling proteins, are expressed in a spatially and temporally restricted manner during development and often in cancer. Fascin 1 has a clear role in cell migration in vitro, but its role in vivo in mammals is not well understood. Here, we investigate the role of fascin 1 in the melanocyte lineage and in melanoma cells. Fascin 1 knockout causes hypopigmentation in adult mice owing to migration and cell cycle progression defects in melanoblasts, the melanocyte precursor cell. Study of live embryo skin explants reveals that E14.5 fascin 1-null melanoblasts migrate slower, and generate fewer and thinner pseudopods. By contrast, fascin 1 expression drives faster migration and lamellipodia protrusion in melanocytes in vitro. In addition, fascin 1 depletion retards melanoblast proliferation in vivo and melanoma cell growth in vitro. These data indicate that fascin 1 not only promotes cell migration in mouse melanocytes but it also has a role in growth and cell cycle progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yafeng Ma
- Beatson Institute for Cancer Research, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Bearsden, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
| | - Ang Li
- Beatson Institute for Cancer Research, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Bearsden, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
| | - William J. Faller
- Beatson Institute for Cancer Research, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Bearsden, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
| | - Silvana Libertini
- Beatson Institute for Cancer Research, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Bearsden, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
| | - Florencia Fiorito
- Beatson Institute for Cancer Research, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Bearsden, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
| | - David A. Gillespie
- Beatson Institute for Cancer Research, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Bearsden, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
| | - Owen J. Sansom
- Beatson Institute for Cancer Research, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Bearsden, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
| | - Shigeko Yamashiro
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08855, USA
| | - Laura M. Machesky
- Beatson Institute for Cancer Research, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Bearsden, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
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Yamamoto H, Kohashi K, Fujita A, Oda Y. Fascin-1 overexpression and miR-133b downregulation in the progression of gastrointestinal stromal tumor. Mod Pathol 2013; 26:563-71. [PMID: 23196799 DOI: 10.1038/modpathol.2012.198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, non-coding RNAs that are up- or downregulated in several types of cancer, and have an important role in the tumorigenesis and progression. To better understand the role of aberrantly expressed miRNAs and their target genes affecting the biology of gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST), we performed miRNA array in 19 cases of GIST, and found that several miRNAs, including miR-133b, were downregulated in high-grade GISTs. Subsequently, quantitative real-time reverse transcription-PCR revealed that fascin-1 mRNA was upregulated in accordance with miR-133b downregulation in high-grade GIST; this result was consistent with a previous report showing that fascin-1 might be a direct target of miR-133b. We then examined the fascin-1 protein expression by immunohistochemical staining in 147 cases of GIST, and found that fascin-1 overexpression was significantly correlated with shorter disease-free survival time and several aggressive pathological factors, including tumor size, mitotic counts, risk grade, blood vessel invasion and mucosal ulceration. Our results suggest that downregulation of miR-133b and overexpression of fascin-1 may have an important role in the progression of GIST, and that fascin-1 may be a useful biomarker to predict the aggressive behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hidetaka Yamamoto
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, Japan.
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Tan VY, Lewis SJ, Adams JC, Martin RM. Association of fascin-1 with mortality, disease progression and metastasis in carcinomas: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Med 2013; 11:52. [PMID: 23442983 PMCID: PMC3635876 DOI: 10.1186/1741-7015-11-52] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2012] [Accepted: 02/26/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fascin-1 is an actin-bundling protein expressed in many human carcinomas, although absent from most normal epithelia. Fascin-1 promotes filopodia formation, migration and invasion in carcinoma cells; in mouse xenograft tumor models it contributes to metastasis. Fascin-1 is an interesting candidate biomarker for aggressive, metastatic carcinomas but data from individual studies of human tumors have not yet been pooled systematically. METHODS This systematic review was conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines, using fixed and random effects models, as appropriate, to undertake meta-analysis. RESULTS A total of 26 immunohistochemical studies of 5 prevalent human carcinomas were identified for meta-analysis. Fascin-1 was associated with increased risk of mortality for breast (pooled hazard ratio, (HR) = 2.58; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.48 to 4.52; P = 0.001), colorectal (HR = 1.60 (1.37 to 1.86; P <0.001) and esophageal carcinomas (HR = 1.35; CI 1.13 to 1.60; P = 0.001). There was no evidence of association of fascin-1 with mortality in gastric and lung carcinomas. Fascin-1 was associated with increased risk of disease progression in breast (HR = 2.48; CI 1.38 to 4.46; P = 0.002) and colorectal carcinomas (HR = 2.12; CI 1.00 to 4.47; P = 0.05), but not with progression of lung carcinomas (HR = 0.95; CI 0.49 to 1.85; P = 0.9). Fascin-1 was associated with increased risk of lymph node metastasis in colorectal (pooled risk ratio (RR) = 1.47; CI 1.26 to 1.71; P <0.001) and gastric carcinomas (RR = 1.43; CI 1.21 to 1.70; P <0.001). There was no evidence of association of fascin-1 with lymph node metastasis in lung or esophageal carcinomas. Fascin-1 was associated with increased risk of distant metastasis in colorectal (RR = 1.70; CI 1.18 to 2.45; P = 0.004) and gastric carcinomas (RR = 1.93; CI 1.21 to 3.33; P = 0.02). No association with distant metastasis in esophageal carcinomas was observed. Pooling across all the carcinomas provided strong evidence for association of fascin-1 with increased risk of mortality (HR = 1.44; CI 1.24 to 1.68; P <0.001; n = 3,645), lymph node metastasis (RR = 1.36; CI 1.18 to 1.55; P <0.001; n = 2,906) and distant metastasis (1.76; 1.34 to 2.32; P <0.001; n = 1,514). CONCLUSIONS Fascin-1 is associated consistently with increased risk of mortality in breast, colorectal and esophageal carcinomas and with metastasis in colorectal and gastric carcinomas. The results were stable to various sensitivity analyses and did not vary by predefined subgroups. These data will assist rational decision making for focusing investigations of fascin-1 as a biomarker or therapeutic target onto the most relevant carcinomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Y Tan
- School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, 39 Whatley Road, Bristol BS8 2PS, UK
- School of Biochemistry, University of Bristol, Medical Sciences Building, University Walk, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Sarah J Lewis
- School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, 39 Whatley Road, Bristol BS8 2PS, UK
| | - Josephine C Adams
- School of Biochemistry, University of Bristol, Medical Sciences Building, University Walk, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Richard M Martin
- School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, 39 Whatley Road, Bristol BS8 2PS, UK
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Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: an altered fibroblast proliferation linked to cancer biology. Ann Am Thorac Soc 2012; 9:153-7. [PMID: 22802290 DOI: 10.1513/pats.201203-025aw] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The fibrotic process that characterizes idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is commonly considered the result of a recurrent injury to the alveolar epithelium followed by an uncontrolled proliferation of fibroblasts. However, based on considerable scientific evidence, it has been recently hypothesized that IPF might be considered a neoproliferative disorder of the lung because this disease exhibits several pathogenic features similar to cancer. Indeed, epigenetic and genetic abnormalities, altered cell-to-cell communications, uncontrolled proliferation, and abnormal activation of specific signal transduction pathways are biological hallmarks that characterize the pathogenesis of IPF and cancer. IPF remains a disease marked by a survival of 3 years, and little therapeutic progress has been made in the last few years, underlining the urgent need to improve research and to change our approach to the comprehension of this disease. The concept of IPF as a cancer-like disease may be helpful in identifying new pathogenic mechanisms that can be borrowed from cancer biology, potentially leading to different and more effective therapeutic approaches. Such vision will hopefully increase the awareness of this disease among the public and the scientific community.
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Fascin-1, ezrin and paxillin contribute to the malignant progression and are predictors of clinical prognosis in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma. PLoS One 2012; 7:e50710. [PMID: 23209815 PMCID: PMC3507730 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0050710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2012] [Accepted: 10/24/2012] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Aims Fascin-1, ezrin and paxillin, cytoskeleton-associated proteins, have been implicated in several human cancers, but their role in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) is unknown. We investigated the association of their expression and clinicopathologic factors and their prognostic value in LSCC. Materials and Methods Quantitative RT-PCR and western blot analyses were used to examine mRNA and protein levels in 10 fresh LSCC specimens and 10 corresponding adjacent normal margin (ANM) tissues from patients undergoing surgery in 2012. We used immunohistochemistry to retrospectively study 216 paraffin blocks of LSCC samples from patients (193 men) who had undergone surgery between 2000 and 2006 and had not received special treatment before the diagnosis. Univariate analysis of patient survival involved the Kaplan–Meier method. Multivariate analyses involved the Cox proportional hazards model. Results The relative mRNA and protein levels of fascin-1, ezrin and paxillin were significantly greater in LSCC than ANM tissue (P<0.05). The high expression of fascin-1, ezrin or paxillin was positively correlated with poor tumor differentiation, cervical lymph node metastasis (N+), and advanced clinical stage (III+IV) (P<0.05) but not sex or metastasis. In addition, a high expression of fascin-1 (P = 0.007) or ezrin (P = 0.047) was associated with advanced tumor stage (T3+T4). The expression of fascin-1 was higher in smokers than non-smokers (P = 0.019). A high expression of fascin-1, ezrin or paxillin was associated with poor prognosis. Conclusions Fascin-1, ezrin and paxillin may be prognostic of poor outcome with LSCC after surgery. Our study may lead to establishing new molecular therapeutic targets and/or prognostic biomarkers in LSCC.
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Zhou L, Wang DS. Fascin-1 and digestive system carcinomas. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2012; 20:2125-2130. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v20.i23.2125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Invasion and metastasis are major reasons for poor prognosis of digestive system carcinomas. Motility and migratory capacity are important in contributing to tumor cell invasion and metastasis. Fascin-1 is a globular actin crosslinking protein that can form parallel actin bundles in cell protrusions and is involved in cell adhesion, movement, and signal transduction. In vitro up-regulation of Fascin-1 can increase migration and invasion capacity of cells, while down-regulation of Fascin-1 can decrease migration and invasion capacity of cells. Many studies show that up-regulation of Fascin-1 expression is significantly associated with worse prognosis, poorer differentiation, advanced TNM stage, lymph node metastasis, and distant metastasis in patients with digestive system carcinomas. Therefore, Fascin-1 may have prognostic value as an early biomarker for more aggressive digestive system carcinomas and may be a potential therapeutic target for tumor invasion and metastasis.
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Tsai WC, Lin CK, Lee HS, Gao HW, Nieh S, Chan DC, Jin JS. The correlation of cortactin and fascin-1 expression with clinicopathological parameters in pancreatic and ampulla of Vater adenocarcinoma. APMIS 2012; 121:171-81. [PMID: 23030700 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0463.2012.02952.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2011] [Accepted: 06/21/2012] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Cortactin and fascin-1 are important factors affecting progression and metastasis of carcinomas. We tested the hypothesis that cortactin and fascin expression has significant correlation with clinicopathological parameters in pancreatic and ampulla of Vater adenocarcinomas. Immunohistochemical analysis of cortactin and fascin-1 was performed in 50 pancreatic and 40 ampulla of Vater adenocarcinomas. The specimens were from 29 R0, 8 R1, and 13 palliative resections of pancreatic adenocarcinomas and 18 R0, 14 R1, and 8 palliative resections of ampulla of Vater adenocarcinomas. 'R0' resection is defined by complete removal of the tumor and histologically negative surgical margins and 'R1' resection indicates the presence of microscopically residual disease at the surgical margins. The level of expression was assessed by scoring the intensity of cytoplasmic or membranous immunostaining on a 4-point scale. Higher immunostaining scores of cortactin and fascin-1 were both significantly correlated with histological grade, American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) stage, and survival rate in all patients. In conclusion, overexpression of cortactin and fascin-1 implies poorer tumor differentiation, advanced AJCC stage, and shorter survival rate in pancreatic and ampulla of Vater adenocarcinomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Chiuan Tsai
- Department of Pathology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taichung County, Taiwan
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Jayo A, Parsons M, Adams JC. A novel Rho-dependent pathway that drives interaction of fascin-1 with p-Lin-11/Isl-1/Mec-3 kinase (LIMK) 1/2 to promote fascin-1/actin binding and filopodia stability. BMC Biol 2012; 10:72. [PMID: 22883572 PMCID: PMC3488970 DOI: 10.1186/1741-7007-10-72] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2012] [Accepted: 08/10/2012] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Fascin-1 is an actin crosslinking protein that is important for the assembly of cell protrusions in neurons, skeletal and smooth muscle, fibroblasts, and dendritic cells. Although absent from most normal adult epithelia, fascin-1 is upregulated in many human carcinomas, and is associated with poor prognosis because of its promotion of carcinoma cell migration, invasion, and metastasis. Rac and Cdc42 small guanine triphosphatases have been identified as upstream regulators of the association of fascin-1 with actin, but the possible role of Rho has remained obscure. Additionally, experiments have been hampered by the inability to measure the fascin-1/actin interaction directly in intact cells. We investigated the hypothesis that fascin-1 is a functional target of Rho in normal and carcinoma cells, using experimental approaches that included a novel fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET)/fluorescence lifetime imaging (FLIM) method to measure the interaction of fascin-1 with actin. Results Rho activity modulates the interaction of fascin-1 with actin, as detected by a novel FRET method, in skeletal myoblasts and human colon carcinoma cells. Mechanistically, Rho regulation depends on Rho kinase activity, is independent of the status of myosin II activity, and is not mediated by promotion of the fascin/PKC complex. The p-Lin-11/Isl-1/Mec-3 kinases (LIMK), LIMK1 and LIMK2, act downstream of Rho kinases as novel binding partners of fascin-1, and this complex regulates the stability of filopodia. Conclusions We have identified a novel activity of Rho in promoting a complex between fascin-1 and LIMK1/2 that modulates the interaction of fascin-1 with actin. These data provide new mechanistic insight into the intracellular coordination of contractile and protrusive actin-based structures. During the course of the study, we developed a novel FRET method for analysis of the fascin-1/actin interaction, with potential general applicability for analyzing the activities of actin-binding proteins in intact cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asier Jayo
- Randall Division of Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King's College London, Guy's Campus, London SE1 1UL, UK
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Lou E, Fujisawa S, Morozov A, Barlas A, Romin Y, Dogan Y, Gholami S, Moreira AL, Manova-Todorova K, Moore MAS. Tunneling nanotubes provide a unique conduit for intercellular transfer of cellular contents in human malignant pleural mesothelioma. PLoS One 2012; 7:e33093. [PMID: 22427958 PMCID: PMC3302868 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0033093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 283] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2011] [Accepted: 02/09/2012] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Tunneling nanotubes are long, non-adherent F-actin-based cytoplasmic extensions which connect proximal or distant cells and facilitate intercellular transfer. The identification of nanotubes has been limited to cell lines, and their role in cancer remains unclear. We detected tunneling nanotubes in mesothelioma cell lines and primary human mesothelioma cells. Using a low serum, hyperglycemic, acidic growth medium, we stimulated nanotube formation and bidirectional transfer of vesicles, proteins, and mitochondria between cells. Notably, nanotubes developed between malignant cells or between normal mesothelial cells, but not between malignant and normal cells. Immunofluorescent staining revealed their actin-based assembly and structure. Metformin and an mTor inhibitor, Everolimus, effectively suppressed nanotube formation. Confocal microscopy with 3-dimensional reconstructions of sectioned surgical specimens demonstrated for the first time the presence of nanotubes in human mesothelioma and lung adenocarcinoma tumor specimens. We provide the first evidence of tunneling nanotubes in human primary tumors and cancer cells and propose that these structures play an important role in cancer cell pathogenesis and invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emil Lou
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States of America
- Moore Laboratory, Department of Cell Biology, Sloan-Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Sho Fujisawa
- Molecular Cytology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Alexei Morozov
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States of America
- Moore Laboratory, Department of Cell Biology, Sloan-Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Afsar Barlas
- Molecular Cytology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Yevgeniy Romin
- Molecular Cytology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Yildirim Dogan
- Moore Laboratory, Department of Cell Biology, Sloan-Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Sepideh Gholami
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - André L. Moreira
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Katia Manova-Todorova
- Molecular Cytology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Malcolm A. S. Moore
- Moore Laboratory, Department of Cell Biology, Sloan-Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States of America
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