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Chen L, Hu K, Lu M, Chen Z, Chen X, Zhou T, Liu X, Yin W, Casiraghi C, Song X. Wearable Sensors for Breath Monitoring Based on Water-Based Hexagonal Boron Nitride Inks Made with Supramolecular Functionalization. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2312621. [PMID: 38168037 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202312621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Wearable humidity sensors are attracting strong attention as they allow for real-time and continuous monitoring of important physiological information by enabling activity tracking as well as air quality assessment. Amongst 2Dimensional (2D) materials, graphene oxide (GO) is very attractive for humidity sensing due to its tuneable surface chemistry, high surface area, processability in water, and easy integration onto flexible substrates. However, strong hysteresis, low sensitivity, and cross-sensitivity issues limit the use of GO in practical applications, where continuous monitoring is preferred. Herein, a wearable and wireless impedance-based humidity sensor made with pyrene-functionalized hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) nanosheets is demonstrated. The device shows enhanced sensitivity towards relative humidity (RH) (>1010 Ohms/%RH in the range from 5% to 100% RH), fast response (0.1 ms), no appreciable hysteresis, and no cross-sensitivity with temperature in the range of 25-60 °C. The h-BN-based sensor is able to monitor the whole breathing cycle process of exhaling and inhaling, hence enabling to record in real-time the subtlest changes of respiratory signals associated with different daily activities as well as various symptoms of flu, without requiring any direct contact with the individual.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liming Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Kui Hu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Mingyang Lu
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Ziqi Chen
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Xiwen Chen
- College of Energy, Soochow Institute for Energy and Materials InnovationS (SIEMIS), Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory for Advanced Carbon Materials and Wearable Energy Technologies, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, P. R. China
| | - Tianqi Zhou
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Xuqing Liu
- Department of Materials Science, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Wuliang Yin
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Cinzia Casiraghi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Xiuju Song
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
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Li Y, Huang X, Chen Q, Yao Y, Pan W. Nanochitin/MXene Composite Coated on Quartz Crystal Microbalance for Humidity Sensing. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:3135. [PMID: 38133032 PMCID: PMC10746096 DOI: 10.3390/nano13243135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
MXenes, as a typical graphene-like material, excels in the realm of humidity sensing owing to its two-dimensional layer structure, high electrical conductivity, tunable chemical properties, hydrophilicity, and large specific surface area. This study proposed a quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) humidity sensor using a nanochitin/Ti3C2Tx MXene composite as a humidity-sensing material. The morphology, nanostructure, and elemental composition of nanochitin, Ti3C2Tx MXene, and nanochitin/Ti3C2Tx MXene composite materials were characterized using transmission electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction. Compared to the pure Ti3C2Tx MXene-coated QCM humidity sensor, the nanochitin/Ti3C2Tx MXene-coated QCM humidity sensor exhibited a higher sensitivity (20.54 Hz/%RH) in the humidity range of 11.3% to 97.3%. The nanochitin/Ti3C2Tx Mxene-coated QCM humidity sensor also demonstrated low humidity hysteresis (2.12%RH), very fast response/recovery times (4.4/4.1 s), a high quality factor (37 k), and excellent repeatability and sustained stability over time. Eventually, a bimodal exponential kinetics adsorption model was utilized for the analysis of the response mechanism of the nanochitin/Ti3C2Tx MXene composite material-based QCM humidity sensor. This study provides new ideas for optimizing the moisture-sensitive performance of MXene-based QCM humidity sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanqi Li
- School of Automation Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China;
| | - Xianhe Huang
- School of Automation Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China;
| | - Qiao Chen
- School of Automation, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing 400065, China
| | - Yao Yao
- College of Communication Engineering, Chengdu University of Information Technology, Chengdu 610225, China;
| | - Wei Pan
- Zhejiang Academy of Special Equipment Science, Hangzhou 310005, China
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3
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Silvestri A, Vázquez-Díaz S, Misia G, Poletti F, López-Domene R, Pavlov V, Zanardi C, Cortajarena AL, Prato M. An Electroactive and Self-Assembling Bio-Ink, based on Protein-Stabilized Nanoclusters and Graphene, for the Manufacture of Fully Inkjet-Printed Paper-Based Analytical Devices. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2300163. [PMID: 37144410 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202300163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Hundreds of new electrochemical sensors are reported in literature every year. However, only a few of them makes it to the market. Manufacturability, or rather the lack of it, is the parameter that dictates if new sensing technologies will remain forever in the laboratory in which they are conceived. Inkjet printing is a low-cost and versatile technique that can facilitate the transfer of nanomaterial-based sensors to the market. Herein, an electroactive and self-assembling inkjet-printable ink based on protein-nanomaterial composites and exfoliated graphene is reported. The consensus tetratricopeptide proteins (CTPRs), used to formulate this ink, are engineered to template and coordinate electroactive metallic nanoclusters (NCs), and to self-assemble upon drying, forming stable films. The authors demonstrate that, by incorporating graphene in the ink formulation, it is possible to dramatically improve the electrocatalytic properties of the ink, obtaining an efficient hybrid material for hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ) detection. Using this bio-ink, the authors manufactured disposable and environmentally sustainable electrochemical paper-based analytical devices (ePADs) to detect H2 O2 , outperforming commercial screen-printed platforms. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that oxidoreductase enzymes can be included in the formulation, to fully inkjet-print enzymatic amperometric biosensors ready to use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Silvestri
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC BiomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Donostia-San Sebastián, 20014, Spain
| | - Silvia Vázquez-Díaz
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC BiomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Donostia-San Sebastián, 20014, Spain
| | - Giuseppe Misia
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universitá Degli Studi di Trieste, Trieste, 34127, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Poletti
- Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, 41125, Italy
| | - Rocío López-Domene
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC BiomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Donostia-San Sebastián, 20014, Spain
- POLYMAT and Applied Chemistry Department, Faculty of Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Donostia-San Sebastián, 20018, Spain
| | - Valeri Pavlov
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC BiomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Donostia-San Sebastián, 20014, Spain
| | - Chiara Zanardi
- Department of molecular sciences and nanosystems, Ca' Foscari University of Venice, Venezia, 30170, Italy
- Institute of Organic Synthesis and Photoreactivity, National Research Council of Italy, Bologna, 40129, Italy
| | - Aitziber L Cortajarena
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC BiomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Donostia-San Sebastián, 20014, Spain
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, 48009, Spain
| | - Maurizio Prato
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC BiomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Donostia-San Sebastián, 20014, Spain
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universitá Degli Studi di Trieste, Trieste, 34127, Italy
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, 48009, Spain
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Dai Y, Liu G, He J, Ni J, Zhang G. Torsional deformation modulation of the electronic structure and optical properties of molybdenum ditelluride systems doped with halogen atoms X (X = F, Cl, Br, I): a first-principles study. J Mol Model 2023; 29:356. [PMID: 37917249 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-023-05762-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Using a first-principles plane-wave pseudopotential technique within the context of density-functional theory, the electronic structure and optical properties of the molybdenum ditelluride system doped with halogen atoms X (X = F, Cl, Br, I) were investigated. The electronic structure, density of states, charge transfer, and optical properties of halogen atom X doped on MoTe2 monolayer are systematically calculated and analyzed. It shows that the Fermi energy level is shifted upward after doping with halogen atoms. With F-MoTe2 doping, the geometrical distortion is the most pronounced, the charge transfer number is the highest, and the semiconductor shifts from a direct band gap to an indirect band gap. When the torsional deformation is between 1° and 5°, the F-doped MoTe2 system stays an indirect band gap semiconductor and transitions to quasi-metal at 6°. It is shown that the torsional deformation can modulate the electronic properties of the doped structure and realize the semiconductor-metal transition. OPTICAL PROPERTIES The F-doped system has a strong absorption peak reflection peak after torsion, and with the increase of torsion angle, the absorption peak is red-shifted, and the reflection peak is blue-shifted. Moreover, the absorption and reflection peaks start to decrease with the rise of the torsion angle. METHODS We apply the generalized gradient approximation plane-wave pseudopotential technique based on Perdew-Burke-Ernzerhof (PBE) generalized functions, under the first principles of the density-functional theory framework. The overall optimization of the intrinsic molybdenum ditelluride structure and the halogen atom X-doped molybdenum ditelluride structure was carried out. Then, the F-doped molybdenum ditelluride system was selected for torsional deformation with torsion angles from 1° to 6° for computational analysis. SPECIFIC METHOD To make the presentation more accessible, the atoms in the F-doped molybdenum ditelluride system were colored differently. The pink chain edge atoms were first reversed by θ°. Then, the blue chain edge atoms were reversed by θ° in the other direction. The middle row of atoms was adjusted accordingly to the different twisting angles of the two sides by doing the corresponding torsion with the torsion angle θ°/2 and fixing the individual atoms. The calculation employs the Monkhorst-Pack particular K-point sampling method. The 3 × 3 × 1 inverted-space K-point grid is utilized for material structure optimization calculations in each model, and the 9 × 9 × 1 K-point grid is used for material electronic structure calculations. A 15 Å vacuum layer is put on the crystal surface of vertical monolayer molybdenum ditelluride supercells to avoid interactions with adjoining cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Dai
- College of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Shenyang University of Technology, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Guili Liu
- College of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Shenyang University of Technology, Shenyang, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jianlin He
- College of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Shenyang University of Technology, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Junjie Ni
- College of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Shenyang University of Technology, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Guoying Zhang
- School of Physics, Shenyang Normal University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
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Doddapaneni VVK, Lee K, Aysal HE, Paul BK, Pasebani S, Sierros KA, Okwudire CE, Chang CH. A Review on Progress, Challenges, and Prospects of Material Jetting of Copper and Tungsten. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:2303. [PMID: 37630889 PMCID: PMC10459285 DOI: 10.3390/nano13162303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
Copper (Cu) and tungsten (W) possess exceptional electrical and thermal conductivity properties, making them suitable candidates for applications such as interconnects and thermal conductivity enhancements. Solution-based additive manufacturing (SBAM) offers unique advantages, including patterning capabilities, cost-effectiveness, and scalability among the various methods for manufacturing Cu and W-based films and structures. In particular, SBAM material jetting techniques, such as inkjet printing (IJP), direct ink writing (DIW), and aerosol jet printing (AJP), present a promising approach for design freedom, low material wastes, and versatility as either stand-alone printers or integrated with powder bed-based metal additive manufacturing (MAM). Thus, this review summarizes recent advancements in solution-processed Cu and W, focusing on IJP, DIW, and AJP techniques. The discussion encompasses general aspects, current status, challenges, and recent research highlights. Furthermore, this paper addresses integrating material jetting techniques with powder bed-based MAM to fabricate functional alloys and multi-material structures. Finally, the factors influencing large-scale fabrication and potential prospects in this area are explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- V. Vinay K. Doddapaneni
- School of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA;
| | - Kijoon Lee
- School of Mechanical, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA; (K.L.); (B.K.P.); (S.P.)
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA;
| | - Havva Eda Aysal
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA; (H.E.A.); (K.A.S.)
| | - Brian K. Paul
- School of Mechanical, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA; (K.L.); (B.K.P.); (S.P.)
- Advanced Technology and Manufacturing Institute (ATAMI), Corvallis, OR 97330, USA
| | - Somayeh Pasebani
- School of Mechanical, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA; (K.L.); (B.K.P.); (S.P.)
- Advanced Technology and Manufacturing Institute (ATAMI), Corvallis, OR 97330, USA
| | - Konstantinos A. Sierros
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA; (H.E.A.); (K.A.S.)
| | - Chinedum E. Okwudire
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA;
| | - Chih-hung Chang
- School of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA;
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6
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Al-Hamry A, Lu T, Chen H, Adiraju A, Nasraoui S, Brahem A, Bajuk-Bogdanović D, Weheabby S, Pašti IA, Kanoun O. Ultra-Sensitive and Fast Humidity Sensors Based on Direct Laser-Scribed Graphene Oxide/Carbon Nanotubes Composites. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:nano13091473. [PMID: 37177018 PMCID: PMC10180099 DOI: 10.3390/nano13091473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, the relative humidity sensor properties of graphene oxide (GO) and graphene oxide/multiwalled nanotubes (GO/MWNTs) composites have been investigated. Composite sensors were fabricated by direct laser scribing and characterized using UV-vis-NIR, Raman, Fourier transform infrared, and X-ray photoemission spectroscopies, electron scanning microscopy coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray analysis, and impedance spectroscopy (IS). These methods confirm the composite homogeneity and laser reduction of GO/MWNT with dominant GO characteristics, while ISresults analysis reveals the circuit model for rGO-GO-rGO structure and the effect of MWNT on the sensor properties. Although direct laser scribing of GO-based humidity sensor shows an outstanding response (|ΔZ|/|Z| up to 638,800%), a lack of stability and repeatability has been observed. GO/MWNT-based humidity sensors are more conductive than GO sensors and relatively less sensitive (|ΔZ|/|Z| = 163,000%). However, they are more stable in harsh humid conditions, repeatable, and reproducible even after several years of shelf-life. In addition, they have fast response/recovery times of 10.7 s and 9.3 s and an ultra-fast response time of 61 ms when abrupt humidification/dehumidification is applied by respiration. All carbon-based sensors' overall properties confirm the advantage of introducing the GO/MWNT hybrid and laser direct writing to produce stable structures and sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ammar Al-Hamry
- Measurement and Sensor Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, Chemnitz University of Technology, 09107 Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Tianqi Lu
- Measurement and Sensor Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, Chemnitz University of Technology, 09107 Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Haoran Chen
- Measurement and Sensor Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, Chemnitz University of Technology, 09107 Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Anurag Adiraju
- Measurement and Sensor Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, Chemnitz University of Technology, 09107 Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Salem Nasraoui
- Measurement and Sensor Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, Chemnitz University of Technology, 09107 Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Amina Brahem
- Measurement and Sensor Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, Chemnitz University of Technology, 09107 Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Danica Bajuk-Bogdanović
- University of Belgrade-Faculty of Physical Chemistry, Studentski trg 12-16, 11158 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Saddam Weheabby
- Measurement and Sensor Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, Chemnitz University of Technology, 09107 Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Igor A Pašti
- University of Belgrade-Faculty of Physical Chemistry, Studentski trg 12-16, 11158 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Olfa Kanoun
- Measurement and Sensor Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, Chemnitz University of Technology, 09107 Chemnitz, Germany
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7
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Wan Y, Zhang S, Zhao C, Deng M, Ren D, Huang F. A Flexible Humidity Sensor with Wide Range, High Linearity, and Fast Response Based on Ultralong Na 2Ti 3O 7 Nanowires. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:16865-16873. [PMID: 36946616 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c21976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
A flexible humidity sensor with wide sensing range, superior sensitivity, high linearity, and advanced response/recovery capabilities is extremely desirable for practical applications in human body-related (HBR) monitoring and human-machine interaction (HMI). However, the practical sensor lacks a versatile nanomaterial integrated with sensing capabilities and mechanical flexibility to meet the criteria. Herein, a comprehensive flexible humidity sensor with ultralong Na2Ti3O7 nanowires (>120 μm) is subtly constructed for the first time. Owing to the distinguish nanowires network structure, the sensor exhibits wide sensing range (11-95% RH), high sensitivity (>103), high linearity (R2 > 0.98), and fast response/recovery capability (8.9/2.1 s), as well as excellent respiratory stability (>5000 s). In addition, the Na2Ti3O7-based humidity sensor demonstrates superior flexibility and antibacteria capabilities, and exhibits diverse applications in respiration monitoring, noncontact detection, as well as dynamic interactive display. This work provides a multifunctional humidity sensor with excellent practicability, suggesting the great potential in next-generation human-related flexible/wearable devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingjie Wan
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Shaoning Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, P. R. China
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Shanghai Tech University, Shanghai200031, P.R. China
| | - Chendong Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Mingxia Deng
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Dayong Ren
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, P. R. China
| | - Fuqiang Huang
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Shanghai Tech University, Shanghai200031, P.R. China
- Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai200050, P. R. China
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing100871, China
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8
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Shao M, Liu B, Wang Y, Liu Y, Qiao X. Optical fiber humidity sensor based on a hollow core fiber filled with BPQDs-PVA. APPLIED OPTICS 2022; 61:10439-10445. [PMID: 36607103 DOI: 10.1364/ao.473164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
An optical fiber Fabry-Perot (FP) interferometric humidity sensor based on black phosphorus quantum dots (BPQDs) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) is proposed for the first time, to the best of our knowledge, and experimentally verified. The sensor is constructed by splicing a brief hollow core fiber (HCF) with a single-mode fiber (SMF) and filling the BPQDs-PVA compound into the HCF. When the proposed humidity sensor is placed in a humidity environment, BPQDs-PVA adsorbs water molecules in the air with increasing humidity, which changes the length of the FP cavity, as well as the refractive index of BPQDs-PVA, resulting in a spectral blueshift. The influence of the mixing ratio on humidity response properties has been experimentally investigated. A linear enhanced sensitivity of -0.7525n m/% R H within the humidity range of 45-75 %RH has been achieved. The maximum instability is 0.07 %RH in a long-term stability test, whereas the response and recovery times are 1.44 and 1.48 s, respectively.
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Zhu Y, Dong X, Cheng J, Wang L, Zhao C, Deng Y, Xie S, Pan Y, Zhao Y, Sun G, Ni T. Ultra-thin CoAl layered double hydroxide nanosheets for the construction of highly sensitive and selective QCM humidity sensor. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2022.107930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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10
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Zhang L, Liu Z, Yang C, García Sakai V, Tyagi M, Hong L. Conduction Mechanism in Graphene Oxide Membranes with Varied Water Content: From Proton Hopping Dominant to Ion Diffusion Dominant. ACS NANO 2022; 16:13771-13782. [PMID: 35993828 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c00686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Proton conductors, particularly hydrated solid membranes, have various applications in sensors, fuel cells, and cellular biological systems. Unraveling the intrinsic proton transfer mechanism is critical for establishing the foundation of proton conduction. Two scenarios on electrical conduction, the Grotthuss and the vehicle mechanisms, have been reported by experiments and simulations. But separating and quantifying the contributions of these two components from experiments is difficult. Here, we present the conductive behavior of a two-dimensional layered proton conductor, graphene oxide membrane (GOM), and find that proton hopping is dominant at low water content, while ion diffusion prevails with increasing water content. This change in the conduction mechanism is attributable to the layers of water molecules in GOM nanosheets. The overall conductivity is greatly improved by forming one layer of water molecules. It reaches the maximum with two layers of water molecules, resulting from creating a complete hydrogen-bond network within GOM. When more than two layers of water molecules enter the GOM nanosheets, inducing the breakage of the ordered lamellar structure, protons spread in both in-plane and out-of-plane directions inside the GOM. Our results validate the existence of two conduction mechanisms and show their distinct contributions to the overall conductivity. Furthermore, these findings provide an optimization strategy for the design of realizing the fast proton transfer in materials with water participation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
- Institute of Natural Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Zhuo Liu
- Institute of Natural Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
- Shanghai National Center for Applied Mathematics (SJTU Center) and MOE-LSC, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Chenxing Yang
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Victoria García Sakai
- Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, ISIS Neutron and Muon Facility, Science and Technology Facilities Council, Didcot OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - Madhusudan Tyagi
- NIST Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - Liang Hong
- Institute of Natural Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
- Shanghai National Center for Applied Mathematics (SJTU Center) and MOE-LSC, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
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11
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Lu Y, Yang G, Shen Y, Yang H, Xu K. Multifunctional Flexible Humidity Sensor Systems Towards Noncontact Wearable Electronics. NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2022; 14:150. [PMID: 35869398 PMCID: PMC9307709 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-022-00895-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
In the past decade, the global industry and research attentions on intelligent skin-like electronics have boosted their applications in diverse fields including human healthcare, Internet of Things, human-machine interfaces, artificial intelligence and soft robotics. Among them, flexible humidity sensors play a vital role in noncontact measurements relying on the unique property of rapid response to humidity change. This work presents an overview of recent advances in flexible humidity sensors using various active functional materials for contactless monitoring. Four categories of humidity sensors are highlighted based on resistive, capacitive, impedance-type and voltage-type working mechanisms. Furthermore, typical strategies including chemical doping, structural design and Joule heating are introduced to enhance the performance of humidity sensors. Drawing on the noncontact perception capability, human/plant healthcare management, human-machine interactions as well as integrated humidity sensor-based feedback systems are presented. The burgeoning innovations in this research field will benefit human society, especially during the COVID-19 epidemic, where cross-infection should be averted and contactless sensation is highly desired.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyao Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems, School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, People's Republic of China
| | - Geng Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems, School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yajing Shen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Huayong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems, School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, People's Republic of China
| | - Kaichen Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems, School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, People's Republic of China.
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12
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Fast Lead-Free Humidity Sensor Based on Hybrid Halide Perovskite. CRYSTALS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/cryst12040547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
An environmentally friendly analog of the prominent methylammonium lead halide perovskite, methylammonium bismuth bromide (MA3Bi2Br9), was prepared and investigated in the form of powder, single crystals and nanowires. Complete characterization via synchrotron X-ray diffraction data showed that the bulk crystal does not incorporate water into the structure. At the same time, water is absorbed on the surface of the crystal, and this modification leads to the changes in the resistivity of the material, thus making MA3Bi2Br9 an excellent candidate for use as a humidity sensor. The novel sensor was prepared from powder-pressed pellets with attached carbon electrodes and was characterized by being able to detect relative humidity over the full range (0.7–96% RH) at ambient temperature. Compared to commercial and literature values, the response and recovery times are very fast (down to 1.5 s/1.5 s).
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14
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Hussain N, Jan Nazami M, Ma C, Hirtz M. High-precision tabletop microplotter for flexible on-demand material deposition in printed electronics and device functionalization. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2021; 92:125104. [PMID: 34972400 DOI: 10.1063/5.0061331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Microstructuring, in particular, the additive functionalization of surfaces with, e.g., conductive or bioactive materials plays a crucial role in many applications in sensing or printed electronics. Mostly, the lithography steps are made prior to assembling functionalized surfaces into the desired places of use within a bigger device as a microfluidic channel or an electronic casing. However, when this is not possible, most lithography techniques struggle with access to recessed or inclined/vertical surfaces for geometrical reasons. In particular, for "on-the-fly" printing aiming to add microstructures to already existing devices on demand and maybe even for one-time trials, e.g., in prototyping, a flexible "micropencil" allowing for direct write under direct manual control and on arbitrarily positioned surfaces would be highly desirable. Here, we present a highly flexible, micromanipulator-based setup for capillary printing of conductive and biomaterial ink formulations that can address a wide range of geometries as exemplified on vertical, recessed surfaces and stacked 3D scaffolds as models for hard to access surfaces. A wide range of feature sizes from tens to hundreds of micrometer can be obtained by the choice of capillary sizes and the on-demand in situ writing capabilities are demonstrated with completion of a circuit structure by gold line interconnects deposited with the setup.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navid Hussain
- Institute of Nanotechnology (INT) and Karlsruhe Nano Micro Facility (KNMF), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Mohammad Jan Nazami
- Institute of Nanotechnology (INT) and Karlsruhe Nano Micro Facility (KNMF), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Chunyan Ma
- College of Electrical and Power Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
| | - Michael Hirtz
- Institute of Nanotechnology (INT) and Karlsruhe Nano Micro Facility (KNMF), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
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15
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Pazniak H, Varezhnikov AS, Kolosov DA, Plugin IA, Vito AD, Glukhova OE, Sheverdyaeva PM, Spasova M, Kaikov I, Kolesnikov EA, Moras P, Bainyashev AM, Solomatin MA, Kiselev I, Wiedwald U, Sysoev VV. 2D Molybdenum Carbide MXenes for Enhanced Selective Detection of Humidity in Air. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2104878. [PMID: 34601739 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202104878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
2D transition metal carbides and nitrides (MXenes) open up novel opportunities in gas sensing with high sensitivity at room temperature. Herein, 2D Mo2 CTx flakes with high aspect ratio are successfully synthesized. The chemiresistive effect in a sub-µm MXene multilayer for different organic vapors and humidity at 101 -104 ppm in dry air is studied. Reasonably, the low-noise resistance signal allows the detection of H2 O down to 10 ppm. Moreover, humidity suppresses the response of Mo2 CTx to organic analytes due to the blocking of adsorption active sites. By measuring the impedance of MXene layers as a function of ac frequency in the 10-2 -106 Hz range, it is shown that operation principle of the sensor is dominated by resistance change rather than capacitance variations. The sensor transfer function allows to conclude that the Mo2 CTx chemiresistance is mainly originating from electron transport through interflake potential barriers with heights up to 0.2 eV. Density functional theory calculations, elucidating the Mo2 C surface interaction with organic analytes and H2 O, explain the experimental data as an energy shift of the density of states under the analyte's adsorption which induces increasing electrical resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Pazniak
- Faculty of Physics and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Lotharstr. 1, 47057, Duisburg, Germany
| | - Alexey S Varezhnikov
- Yuri Gagarin State Technical University of Saratov, Politekhnicheskaya str. 77, Saratov, 410054, Russia
| | - Dmitry A Kolosov
- Department of Physics, Saratov State University, Astrakhanskaya str. 83, Saratov, 410012, Russia
| | - Ilya A Plugin
- Yuri Gagarin State Technical University of Saratov, Politekhnicheskaya str. 77, Saratov, 410054, Russia
| | - Alessia Di Vito
- Department of Electronic Engineering, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Cracovia, 50, Roma, 00133, Italy
| | - Olga E Glukhova
- Department of Physics, Saratov State University, Astrakhanskaya str. 83, Saratov, 410012, Russia
- Laboratory of Biomedical Nanotechnology, I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Trubetskaya str. 8-2, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | | | - Marina Spasova
- Faculty of Physics and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Lotharstr. 1, 47057, Duisburg, Germany
| | - Igor Kaikov
- Breitmeier Messtechnik GmbH, Englerstr. 27, 76275, Ettlingen, Germany
| | - Evgeny A Kolesnikov
- National University of Science & Technology (NUST) MISIS, Leninskiy Prospekt 4, Moscow, 119049, Russia
| | - Paolo Moras
- Institute of Structure of Matter (ISM-CNR), SS 14 Km, Trieste, 34149, Italy
| | - Alexey M Bainyashev
- Yuri Gagarin State Technical University of Saratov, Politekhnicheskaya str. 77, Saratov, 410054, Russia
| | - Maksim A Solomatin
- Yuri Gagarin State Technical University of Saratov, Politekhnicheskaya str. 77, Saratov, 410054, Russia
| | - Ilia Kiselev
- Breitmeier Messtechnik GmbH, Englerstr. 27, 76275, Ettlingen, Germany
| | - Ulf Wiedwald
- Faculty of Physics and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Lotharstr. 1, 47057, Duisburg, Germany
| | - Victor V Sysoev
- Yuri Gagarin State Technical University of Saratov, Politekhnicheskaya str. 77, Saratov, 410054, Russia
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Abstract
In recent years, 2D materials have been implemented in several applications due to their unique and unprecedented properties. Several examples can be named, from the very first, graphene, to transition-metal dichalcogenides (TMDs, e.g., MoS2), two-dimensional inorganic compounds (MXenes), hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN), or black phosphorus (BP). On the other hand, the accessible and low-cost 3D printers and design software converted the 3D printing methods into affordable fabrication tools worldwide. The implementation of this technique for the preparation of new composites based on 2D materials provides an excellent platform for next-generation technologies. This review focuses on the recent advances of 3D printing of the 2D materials family and its applications; the newly created printed materials demonstrated significant advances in sensors, biomedical, and electrical applications.
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Recent development in emerging phosphorene based novel materials: Progress, challenges, prospects and their fascinating sensing applications. PROG SOLID STATE CH 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progsolidstchem.2021.100336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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18
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Jarulertwathana N, Mohd-Noor S, Hyun JK. Mesoporous Solid and Yolk-Shell Titania Microspheres as Touchless Colorimetric Sensors with High Responsivity and Ultrashort Response Times. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:44786-44796. [PMID: 34510887 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c12514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Touchless user interfaces offer an attractive pathway toward hygienic, remote, and interactive control over devices. Exploiting the humidity generated from fingers or human speech is a viable avenue for realizing such technology. Herein, titania microspheres including solid and yolk-shell structures with varying microstructural characteristics were demonstrated as high-performance, ultrafast, and stable optical humidity sensors aimed for touchless control. When water molecules enter the microporous network of the microspheres, the effective refractive index of the microsphere increases, causing a detectable change in the light scattering behavior. The microstructural properties of the microspheres, namely, the pore characteristics, crystallinity, and particle size, were examined in relation to the humidity-sensing performance, establishing optimum structural conditions for realizing humidity-responsive wavelength shifts above 100 nm, near full-scale relative humidity (RH) responsivity, ultrashort response times below 30 ms, and prolonged lifetimes. These optimized microspheres were used to demonstrate a colorimetric touchless sensor that responds to humidity from a finger and a microcontroller-based detector that translates the moisture pattern from human speech to electrical signals in real time. These results provide practical strategies for enabling humidity-based touchless user interfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Syazwani Mohd-Noor
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Jerome K Hyun
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
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19
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Shi J, Quan W, Chen X, Chen X, Zhang Y, Lv W, Yang J, Zeng M, Wei H, Hu N, Su Y, Zhou Z, Yang Z. Noble metal (Ag, Au, Pd and Pt) doped TaS 2 monolayer for gas sensing: a first-principles investigation. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:18359-18368. [PMID: 34612377 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp02011k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) layered nanomaterials have attracted increasing attention in gas sensing due to their graphene-like properties. Although the gas sensing performances of 2D layered semiconductor transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), including MoS2, WS2, MoSe2 and WSe2, have been extensively studied, it has remained a grand challenge to develop a high-performance gas sensing material that can meet practical applications. Tantalum disulfide (TaS2), as a metallic TMD with low resistance and high current signal, has great promise in high-performance gas sensing. In stark contrast with Mo and W, Ta has a stronger positive charge, which contributes to a higher surface energy to capture gas molecules. Herein, through calculating the adsorption energy, charge transfer, electronic structure, and work function of the adsorption system with first-principles calculations, we first systematically studied the performance of noble metal atom substitution doping on a TaS2 monolayer for toxic nitrogen-containing gas (NH3, NO and NO2) sensing. We found that the TaS2 monolayer exhibits excellent NO sensing performance with an adsorption energy of 0.49 eV and a charge transfer of 0.17 e. However, it has a considerable adsorption energy (-0.22 and -0.39 eV) to NH3 and NO2 molecules, but a low charge transfer (-0.03 and 0.04 e) between the gas molecules and the TaS2 monolayer. To further enhance the gas-sensing performance of the TaS2 monolayer, noble metal atoms (Ag, Au, Pd and Pt) were substitutionally doped into the lattice of the TaS2 monolayer. The results showed that the values of adsorption energy and charge transfer can be significantly improved, and the electronic structure and work function of the doping system has also greatly changed, which makes it much easier to detect the changes in electrical signal due to gas adsorption. Our work indicates that the intrinsic as well as the noble metal doped TaS2 monolayers are promising candidates for high-performance gas sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Shi
- Key Laboratory of Thin Film and Microfabrication (Ministry of Education), Department of Micro/Nano Electronics, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Institute of Marine Equipment, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China.
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20
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Tapia MA, Gusmão R, Serrano N, Sofer Z, Ariño C, Díaz-Cruz JM, Esteban M. Phosphorene and other layered pnictogens as a new source of 2D materials for electrochemical sensors. Trends Analyt Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2021.116249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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21
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Alzakia FI, Tan SC. Liquid-Exfoliated 2D Materials for Optoelectronic Applications. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2021; 8:e2003864. [PMID: 34105282 PMCID: PMC8188210 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202003864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) materials have attracted tremendous research attention in recent days due to their extraordinary and unique properties upon exfoliation from the bulk form, which are useful for many applications such as electronics, optoelectronics, catalysis, etc. Liquid exfoliation method of 2D materials offers a facile and low-cost route to produce large quantities of mono- and few-layer 2D nanosheets in a commercially viable way. Optoelectronic devices such as photodetectors fabricated from percolating networks of liquid-exfoliated 2D materials offer advantages compared to conventional devices, including low cost, less complicated process, and higher flexibility, making them more suitable for the next generation wearable devices. This review summarizes the recent progress on metal-semiconductor-metal (MSM) photodetectors fabricated from percolating network of 2D nanosheets obtained from liquid exfoliation methods. In addition, hybrids and mixtures with other photosensitive materials, such as quantum dots, nanowires, nanorods, etc. are also discussed. First, the various methods of liquid exfoliation of 2D materials, size selection methods, and photodetection mechanisms that are responsible for light detection in networks of 2D nanosheets are briefly reviewed. At the end, some potential strategies to further improve the performance the devices are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuad Indra Alzakia
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringNational University of Singapore9 Engineering drive 1Singapore117574Singapore
| | - Swee Ching Tan
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringNational University of Singapore9 Engineering drive 1Singapore117574Singapore
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22
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Furqan CM, Khan MU, Awais M, Jiang F, Bae J, Hassan A, Kwok HS. Humidity sensor based on Gallium Nitride for real time monitoring applications. Sci Rep 2021; 11:11088. [PMID: 34045509 PMCID: PMC8159938 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-89956-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Gallium Nitride (GaN) remarkably shows high electron mobility, wide energy band gap, biocompatibility, and chemical stability. Wurtzite structure makes topmost Gallium atoms electropositive, hence high ligand binding ability especially to anions, making it usable as humidity sensor due to water self-ionization phenomenon. In this work, thin-film GaN based humidity sensor is fabricated through pulse modulated DC magnetron sputtering. Interdigitated electrodes (IDEs) with 100 μm width and spacing were inkjet printed on top of GaN sensing layer to further enhance sensor sensitivity. Impedance, capacitance, and current response were recorded for humidity and bio-sensing applications. The sensor shows approximate linear impedance response between 0 and 100% humidity range, the sensitivity of 8.53 nF/RH% and 79 kΩ/RH% for capacitance and impedance, and fast response (Tres) and recovery (Trec) time of 3.5 s and 9 s, respectively. The sensor shows little hysteresis of < 3.53% with stable and wide variations for accurate measurements. Especially, it demonstrates temperature invariance for thermal stability. Experimental results demonstrate fabricated sensor effectively evaluates plant transpiration cycle through water level monitoring by direct attachment onto leaves without causing any damage as well as freshness level of meat loaf. These properties of the proposed sensor make it a suitable candidate for future electronics providing a low-cost platform for real time monitoring applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaudhry Muhammad Furqan
- State Key Laboratory on Advanced Displays and Optoelectronics Technologies, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong
- Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Muhammad Umair Khan
- Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong
- Department of Ocean System Engineering, JEJU National University, 102 Jejudaehakro, Jeju, 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Muhammad Awais
- National University of Computer and Emerging Sciences (NUCES-FAST), Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan
| | - Fulong Jiang
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - Jinho Bae
- Department of Ocean System Engineering, JEJU National University, 102 Jejudaehakro, Jeju, 63243, Republic of Korea.
| | - Arshad Hassan
- National University of Computer and Emerging Sciences (NUCES-FAST), Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan.
| | - Hoi-Sing Kwok
- State Key Laboratory on Advanced Displays and Optoelectronics Technologies, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong.
- Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong.
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23
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Xiao P, Mencarelli D, Chavez-Angel E, Joseph CH, Cataldo A, Pierantoni L, Sotomayor Torres CM, Sledzinska M. Reversing the Humidity Response of MoS 2- and WS 2-Based Sensors Using Transition-Metal Salts. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:23201-23209. [PMID: 33950679 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c03691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional materials, such as transition-metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), are attractive candidates for sensing applications due to their high surface-to-volume ratio, chemically active edges, and good electrical properties. However, their electrical response to humidity is still under debate and experimental reports remain inconclusive. For instance, in different studies, the impedance of MoS2-based sensors has been found to either decrease or increase with increasing humidity, compromising the use of MoS2 for humidity sensing. In this work, we focus on understanding the interaction between water and TMDs. We fabricated and studied humidity sensors based on MoS2 and WS2 coated with copper chloride and silver nitrate. The devices exhibited high chemical stability and excellent humidity sensing performance in relative humidity between 4 and 80%, with response and recovery times of 2 and 40 s, respectively. We have systematically investigated the humidity response of the materials as a function of the type and amount of induced metal salt and observed the reverse action of sensing mechanisms. This phenomenon is explained based on a detailed structural analysis of the samples considering the Grotthuss mechanism in the presence of charge trapping, which was represented by an appropriate lumped-element model. Our findings open up a possibility to tune the electrical response in a facile manner and without compromising the high performance of the sensor. They offer an insight into the time-dependent performance and aging of the TMD-based sensing devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Xiao
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and BIST, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
- Departamento de Física, Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Davide Mencarelli
- Department of Information Engineering, Polytechnic University of Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, 1, 60131 Ancona, Italy
- INFN-Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, via E. Fermi 40, 00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - Emigdio Chavez-Angel
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and BIST, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Christopher Hardly Joseph
- Department of Information Engineering, Polytechnic University of Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, 1, 60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - Antonino Cataldo
- Department of Information Engineering, Polytechnic University of Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, 1, 60131 Ancona, Italy
- INFN-Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, via E. Fermi 40, 00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - Luca Pierantoni
- Department of Information Engineering, Polytechnic University of Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, 1, 60131 Ancona, Italy
- INFN-Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, via E. Fermi 40, 00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - Clivia M Sotomayor Torres
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and BIST, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
- ICREA, Pg. Lluís Companys 23, 08010 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marianna Sledzinska
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and BIST, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
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Shauloff N, Morag A, Yaniv K, Singh S, Malishev R, Paz-Tal O, Rokach L, Jelinek R. Sniffing Bacteria with a Carbon-Dot Artificial Nose. NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2021; 13:112. [PMID: 34138310 PMCID: PMC8058130 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-021-00610-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Novel artificial nose based upon electrode-deposited carbon dots (C-dots). Significant selectivity and sensitivity determined by "polarity matching" between the C-dots and gas molecules. The C-dot artificial nose facilitates, for the first time, real-time, continuous monitoring of bacterial proliferation and discrimination among bacterial species, both between Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and between specific strains. Machine learning algorithm furnishes excellent predictability both in the case of individual gases and for complex gas mixtures. Continuous, real-time monitoring and identification of bacteria through detection of microbially emitted volatile molecules are highly sought albeit elusive goals. We introduce an artificial nose for sensing and distinguishing vapor molecules, based upon recording the capacitance of interdigitated electrodes (IDEs) coated with carbon dots (C-dots) exhibiting different polarities. Exposure of the C-dot-IDEs to volatile molecules induced rapid capacitance changes that were intimately dependent upon the polarities of both gas molecules and the electrode-deposited C-dots. We deciphered the mechanism of capacitance transformations, specifically substitution of electrode-adsorbed water by gas molecules, with concomitant changes in capacitance related to both the polarity and dielectric constants of the vapor molecules tested. The C-dot-IDE gas sensor exhibited excellent selectivity, aided by application of machine learning algorithms. The capacitive C-dot-IDE sensor was employed to continuously monitor microbial proliferation, discriminating among bacteria through detection of distinctive "volatile compound fingerprint" for each bacterial species. The C-dot-IDE platform is robust, reusable, readily assembled from inexpensive building blocks and constitutes a versatile and powerful vehicle for gas sensing in general, bacterial monitoring in particular.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nitzan Shauloff
- Department of Chemistry, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, 84105, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Ahiud Morag
- Department of Chemistry, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, 84105, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Karin Yaniv
- Department of Biotechnology Engineering, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, 84105, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Seema Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, 84105, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Ravit Malishev
- Department of Chemistry, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, 84105, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Ofra Paz-Tal
- Chemistry Department, Nuclear Research Center, Negev, P.O. Box 9001, 84190, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Lior Rokach
- Department of Software and Information System Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Raz Jelinek
- Department of Chemistry, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, 84105, Beer Sheva, Israel.
- Ilse Katz Institute for Nanotechnology, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, 84105, Beer Sheva, Israel.
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25
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Li N, Fan J. Computational insights into modulating the performance of MXene based electrode materials for rechargeable batteries. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 32:252001. [PMID: 33636713 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/abea37] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
MXene, a still-growing large family of two-dimensional (2D) materials, has aroused enormous attention in the scientific community. Owing to their high specific surface area, good electronic conductivity, stability, and hydrophilicity, MXene has found a wide application involving electromagnetic interference shielding, sensors, catalysis, and energy storage, etc. In the field of energy storage, MXenes are promising electrode materials for various metal-ion batteries and they are also effective anchoring materials for Li-S batteries. One of the most unique features of MXene is its abundant compositions, which renders us large room to modulate its properties. Besides, other effective approaches applicable to traditional 2D materials can also be used to optimize the performance of MXene. Theoretical calculations have played a significant role in predicting and screening high-performance MXene based electrode materials. So far, theoretical researchers have made much progress in optimizing the performance of MXene as electrode materials for various rechargeable batteries. In the present review, started by a brief introduction of the involved mechanism and basic calculation methods, we comprehensively overview the latest theoretical studies of modulating the performance of MXene based electrode materials for rechargeable batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Li
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Fan
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
- Center for Advance Nuclear Safety and Sustainable Development, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
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26
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Lu Y, Xu K, Yang MQ, Tang SY, Yang TY, Fujita Y, Honda S, Arie T, Akita S, Chueh YL, Takei K. Highly stable Pd/HNb 3O 8-based flexible humidity sensor for perdurable wireless wearable applications. NANOSCALE HORIZONS 2021; 6:260-270. [PMID: 33470262 DOI: 10.1039/d0nh00594k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Real-time, daily health monitoring can provide large amounts of patient data, which may greatly improve the likelihood of diagnosing health conditions at an early stage. One potential sensor is a flexible humidity sensor to monitor moisture and humidity information such as dehydration. However, achieving a durable functional nanomaterial-based flexible humidity sensor remains a challenge due to partial desorption of water molecules during the recovery process, especially at high humidities. In this work, we demonstrate a highly stable resistive-type Pd/HNb3O8 humidity sensor, which exhibits a perdurable performance for over 100 h of cycle tests under a 90% relative humidity (RH) without significant performance degradation. One notable advantage of the Pd/HNb3O8 humidity sensor is its ability to regulate hydroniums due to the strong reducibility of H atoms dissociated on the Pd surface. This feature realizes a high stability even at a high humidity (99.9% RH). Using this superior performance, the Pd/HNb3O8 humidity sensor realizes wireless monitoring of the changes in the fingertip humidity of an adult under different physiological states, demonstrating a facile and reliable path for dehydration diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyao Lu
- Department of Physics and Electronics, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan.
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Saqib M, Ali Khan S, Mutee Ur Rehman HM, Yang Y, Kim S, Rehman MM, Young Kim W. High-Performance Humidity Sensor Based on the Graphene Flower/Zinc Oxide Composite. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11010242. [PMID: 33477616 PMCID: PMC7831307 DOI: 10.3390/nano11010242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2020] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Performance of an electronic device relies heavily on the availability of a suitable functional material. One of the simple, easy, and cost-effective ways to obtain novel functional materials with improved properties for desired applications is to make composites of selected materials. In this work, a novel composite of transparent n-type zinc oxide (ZnO) with a wide bandgap and a unique structure of graphene in the form of a graphene flower (GrF) is synthesized and used as the functional layer of a humidity sensor. The (GrF/ZnO) composite was synthesized by a simple sol–gel method. Morphological, elemental, and structural characterizations of GrF/ZnO composite were performed by a field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM), energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), and an x-ray diffractometer (XRD), respectively, to fully understand the properties of this newly synthesized functional material. The proposed humidity sensor was tested in the relative humidity (RH) range of 15% RH% to 86% RH%. The demonstrated sensor illustrated a highly sensitive response to humidity with an average current change of 7.77 μA/RH%. Other prominent characteristics shown by this device include but were not limited to high stability, repeatable results, fast response, and quick recovery time. The proposed humidity sensor was highly sensitive to human breathing, thus making it a promising candidate for various applications related to health monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Saqib
- Faculty of Applied Energy System, Major of Electronic Engineering, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea; (M.S.); (S.A.K.); (H.M.M.U.R.); (Y.Y.); (S.K.); or (M.M.R.)
| | - Shenawar Ali Khan
- Faculty of Applied Energy System, Major of Electronic Engineering, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea; (M.S.); (S.A.K.); (H.M.M.U.R.); (Y.Y.); (S.K.); or (M.M.R.)
| | - Hafiz Mohammad Mutee Ur Rehman
- Faculty of Applied Energy System, Major of Electronic Engineering, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea; (M.S.); (S.A.K.); (H.M.M.U.R.); (Y.Y.); (S.K.); or (M.M.R.)
| | - Yunsook Yang
- Faculty of Applied Energy System, Major of Electronic Engineering, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea; (M.S.); (S.A.K.); (H.M.M.U.R.); (Y.Y.); (S.K.); or (M.M.R.)
| | - Seongwan Kim
- Faculty of Applied Energy System, Major of Electronic Engineering, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea; (M.S.); (S.A.K.); (H.M.M.U.R.); (Y.Y.); (S.K.); or (M.M.R.)
| | - Muhammad Muqeet Rehman
- Faculty of Applied Energy System, Major of Electronic Engineering, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea; (M.S.); (S.A.K.); (H.M.M.U.R.); (Y.Y.); (S.K.); or (M.M.R.)
| | - Woo Young Kim
- Faculty of Applied Energy System, Major of Electronic Engineering, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea; (M.S.); (S.A.K.); (H.M.M.U.R.); (Y.Y.); (S.K.); or (M.M.R.)
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea
- Correspondence:
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Dave PK, Rojas-Cessa R, Dong Z, Umpaichitra V. Survey of Saliva Components and Virus Sensors for Prevention of COVID-19 and Infectious Diseases. BIOSENSORS 2020; 11:14. [PMID: 33396519 PMCID: PMC7824170 DOI: 10.3390/bios11010014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention considers saliva contact the lead transmission means of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which causes the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Saliva droplets or aerosols expelled by heavy breathing, talking, sneezing, and coughing may carry this virus. People in close distance may be exposed directly or indirectly to these droplets, especially those droplets that fall on surrounding surfaces and people may end up contracting COVID-19 after touching the mucosa tissue on their faces. It is of great interest to quickly and effectively detect the presence of SARS-CoV-2 in an environment, but the existing methods only work in laboratory settings, to the best of our knowledge. However, it may be possible to detect the presence of saliva in the environment and proceed with prevention measures. However, detecting saliva itself has not been documented in the literature. On the other hand, many sensors that detect different organic components in saliva to monitor a person's health and diagnose different diseases that range from diabetes to dental health have been proposed and they may be used to detect the presence of saliva. This paper surveys sensors that detect organic and inorganic components of human saliva. Humidity sensors are also considered in the detection of saliva because a large portion of saliva is water. Moreover, sensors that detect infectious viruses are also included as they may also be embedded into saliva sensors for a confirmation of the virus' presence. A classification of sensors by their working principle and the substance they detect is presented. This comparison lists their specifications, sample size, and sensitivity. Indications of which sensors are portable and suitable for field application are presented. This paper also discusses future research and challenges that must be resolved to realize practical saliva sensors. Such sensors may help minimize the spread of not only COVID-19 but also other infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priya Kishor Dave
- Networking Research Laboratory, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102, USA;
| | - Roberto Rojas-Cessa
- Networking Research Laboratory, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102, USA;
| | - Ziqian Dong
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, New York Institute of Technology, New York, NY 10023, USA;
| | - Vatcharapan Umpaichitra
- Department of Pediatrics, State University of New York (SUNY) Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA;
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Integration of Conductive Materials with Textile Structures, an Overview. SENSORS 2020; 20:s20236910. [PMID: 33287287 PMCID: PMC7730024 DOI: 10.3390/s20236910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Revised: 11/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
In the last three decades, the development of new kinds of textiles, so-called smart and interactive textiles, has continued unabated. Smart textile materials and their applications are set to drastically boom as the demand for these textiles has been increasing by the emergence of new fibers, new fabrics, and innovative processing technologies. Moreover, people are eagerly demanding washable, flexible, lightweight, and robust e-textiles. These features depend on the properties of the starting material, the post-treatment, and the integration techniques. In this work, a comprehensive review has been conducted on the integration techniques of conductive materials in and onto a textile structure. The review showed that an e-textile can be developed by applying a conductive component on the surface of a textile substrate via plating, printing, coating, and other surface techniques, or by producing a textile substrate from metals and inherently conductive polymers via the creation of fibers and construction of yarns and fabrics with these. In addition, conductive filament fibers or yarns can be also integrated into conventional textile substrates during the fabrication like braiding, weaving, and knitting or as a post-fabrication of the textile fabric via embroidering. Additionally, layer-by-layer 3D printing of the entire smart textile components is possible, and the concept of 4D could play a significant role in advancing the status of smart textiles to a new level.
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Li B, Liang X, Li G, Shao F, Xia T, Xu S, Hu N, Su Y, Yang Z, Zhang Y. Inkjet-Printed Ultrathin MoS 2-Based Electrodes for Flexible In-Plane Microsupercapacitors. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:39444-39454. [PMID: 32805816 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c11788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Flexible and wearable energy storage microdevice systems with high performance and safety are promising candidates for the electronics of on-chip integration. Herein, we demonstrate inkjet-printed ultrathin electrodes based on molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) nanosheets for flexible and all-solid-state in-plane microsupercapacitors (MSCs) with high capacitance. The MoS2 nanosheets were uniformly dispersed in the low-boiling point and nontoxic solvent isopropanol to form highly concentrated inks suitable for inkjet printing. The MSCs were assembled by printing the highly concentrated MoS2 inks on a polyimide substrate with appropriate surface tension using a simple and low-cost desktop inkjet printer. Because of the two-dimensional structure of MoS2 nanosheets, the as-assembled planar MSCs have high loadings of active materials per unit area, resulting in more flexibility and thinness than the capacitors with a traditional sandwich structure. These planar MSCs can not only possess any collapsible shape through the computer design but also exhibit excellent electrochemical performance (with a maximum energy density of 0.215 mW h cm-3 and a high-power energy density of 0.079 W cm-3), outstanding mechanical flexibility (almost no degradation of capacitance at different bending radii), good cycle stability (85.6% capacitance retention even after 10,000 charge-discharge cycles), and easy scale-up. Moreover, a blue light-emitting diode can be powered using five MSCs connected in series. The in-plane and low-cost MSCs with high energy densities have great application potential for integrated energy storage systems including wearable planar solar cells and other electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Li
- Key Laboratory of Thin Film and Microfabrication Technology (Ministry of Education), School of Electronics, Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Dong Chuan Road No. 800, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Xu Liang
- College of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China
| | - Gang Li
- Key Laboratory of Thin Film and Microfabrication Technology (Ministry of Education), School of Electronics, Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Dong Chuan Road No. 800, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Feng Shao
- Key Laboratory of Thin Film and Microfabrication Technology (Ministry of Education), School of Electronics, Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Dong Chuan Road No. 800, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Tong Xia
- Key Laboratory of Thin Film and Microfabrication Technology (Ministry of Education), School of Electronics, Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Dong Chuan Road No. 800, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Shiwei Xu
- Key Laboratory of Thin Film and Microfabrication Technology (Ministry of Education), School of Electronics, Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Dong Chuan Road No. 800, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Nantao Hu
- Key Laboratory of Thin Film and Microfabrication Technology (Ministry of Education), School of Electronics, Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Dong Chuan Road No. 800, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Yanjie Su
- Key Laboratory of Thin Film and Microfabrication Technology (Ministry of Education), School of Electronics, Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Dong Chuan Road No. 800, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Zhi Yang
- Key Laboratory of Thin Film and Microfabrication Technology (Ministry of Education), School of Electronics, Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Dong Chuan Road No. 800, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Yafei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Thin Film and Microfabrication Technology (Ministry of Education), School of Electronics, Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Dong Chuan Road No. 800, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
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Nguyen Y, Chang HP, Hsieh MS, Santos ID, Chen SD, Hsieh YP, Hofmann M. Characterizing carrier transport in nanostructured materials by force-resolved microprobing. Sci Rep 2020; 10:14177. [PMID: 32843679 PMCID: PMC7447755 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-71147-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The advent of novel nanostructured materials has enabled wearable and 3D electronics. Unfortunately, their characterization represents new challenges that are not encountered in conventional electronic materials, such as limited mechanical strength, complex morphology and variability of properties. We here demonstrate that force-resolved measurements can overcome these issues and open up routes for new applications. First, the contact resistance to 2D materials was found to be sensitively depending on the contact force and, by optimizing this parameter, reliable contacts could be repeatably formed without damage to the fragile material. Moreover, resistance of three-dimensional surfaces could be investigated with high accuracy in spatial position and signal through a force-feedback scheme. This force-feedback approach furthermore permitted large-scale statistical characterization of mobility and doping of 2D materials in a desktop-sized automatic probing system that fits into glove boxes and vacuum enclosures using easily available and low-cost components. Finally, force-sensitive measurements enable characterization of complex electronic properties with high lateral resolution. To illustrate this ability, the spatial variation of a surface’s electrochemical response was investigated by scanning a single electrolyte drop across the sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yen Nguyen
- Graduate Institute of Applied Physics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Ping Chang
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Syun Hsieh
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan
| | - Ian Daniell Santos
- Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Ding Chen
- Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Ping Hsieh
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Mario Hofmann
- Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan.
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Sharma K, Alam N, Islam SS. Inter-dependency between surface morphology and sensitive low RH detection: exploration of an intricate mechanism to extend the lower detection limit. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2020; 2:2564-2576. [PMID: 36133359 PMCID: PMC9419148 DOI: 10.1039/d0na00047g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The water vapor molecular dynamics inside a pore structure control both molecular adsorption and desorption processes and the limit of minimum detection (LOD). Pore morphology design, and a higher concentration of electrolyte-driven anions, in accordance with the kinetics of water vapor molecules, is reported here, as the ultimate answer to extremely low relative humidity (RH) detection. In this report, a series of samples were prepared by anodization in different voltage windows, related to specific electrolyte solutions. The sensing attributes comprised: (i) a LOD of ∼3 RH%, (ii) excellent response time (6 s) and recovery time (54 s), and (iii) a hysteresis loss of ∼0.36%, with sustained stability over the period of one year; all these occurring in a sample with a pore diameter ∼5 nm ±3 nm. Interestingly, the LOD extend towards a lower RH% with a decrease in pore diameter; and a suitable explanation is given for the entire range of humidity level, in terms of the molecular mean free path, loss of kinetic energy due to scattering inside the pores, and subsequent overall loss of Brownian energy of the molecules. It is inferred from the sensing response characteristics that pore morphology and lower detection limit are interrelated; therefore, a further extension in LOD from extremely low RH% to trace levels, needs careful engineering of the pore morphology and parameters related to molecular kinetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kusum Sharma
- Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Jamia Millia Islamia (A Central University) New Delhi-110025 India +91(11)26987153
| | - Noor Alam
- Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Jamia Millia Islamia (A Central University) New Delhi-110025 India +91(11)26987153
| | - S S Islam
- Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Jamia Millia Islamia (A Central University) New Delhi-110025 India +91(11)26987153
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Chávez-Madero C, de León-Derby MD, Samandari M, Ceballos-González CF, Bolívar-Monsalve EJ, Mendoza-Buenrostro C, Holmberg S, Garza-Flores NA, Almajhadi MA, González-Gamboa I, Yee-de León JF, Martínez-Chapa SO, Rodríguez CA, Wickramasinghe HK, Madou M, Dean D, Khademhosseini A, Zhang YS, Alvarez MM, Trujillo-de Santiago G. Using chaotic advection for facile high-throughput fabrication of ordered multilayer micro- and nanostructures: continuous chaotic printing. Biofabrication 2020; 12:035023. [PMID: 32224513 DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/ab84cc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
This paper introduces the concept of continuous chaotic printing, i.e. the use of chaotic flows for deterministic and continuous extrusion of fibers with internal multilayered micro- or nanostructures. Two free-flowing materials are coextruded through a printhead containing a miniaturized Kenics static mixer (KSM) composed of multiple helicoidal elements. This produces a fiber with a well-defined internal multilayer microarchitecture at high-throughput (>1.0 m min-1). The number of mixing elements and the printhead diameter determine the number and thickness of the internal lamellae, which are generated according to successive bifurcations that yield a vast amount of inter-material surface area (∼102 cm2 cm-3) at high resolution (∼10 µm). This creates structures with extremely high surface area to volume ratio (SAV). Comparison of experimental and computational results demonstrates that continuous chaotic 3D printing is a robust process with predictable output. In an exciting new development, we demonstrate a method for scaling down these microstructures by 3 orders of magnitude, to the nanoscale level (∼150 nm), by feeding the output of a continuous chaotic 3D printhead into an electrospinner. The simplicity and high resolution of continuous chaotic printing strongly supports its potential use in novel applications, including-but not limited to-bioprinting of multi-scale layered biological structures such as bacterial communities, living tissues composed of organized multiple mammalian cell types, and fabrication of smart multi-material and multilayered constructs for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Chávez-Madero
- Centro de Biotecnología-FEMSA, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Monterrey 64849, NL, México. Departamento de Ingeniería Mecatrónica y Eléctrica, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Monterrey 64849, NL, México. Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge 02139, MA, United States of America. These authors contributed equally to this work
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Guo J, Ke C, Wu Y, Kang J. Strain Engineering on the Electronic and Optical Properties of WSSe Bilayer. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2020; 15:97. [PMID: 32367196 PMCID: PMC7198690 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-020-03330-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Controllable optical properties are important for optoelectronic applications. Based on the unique properties and potential applications of two-dimensional Janus WSSe, we systematically investigate the strain-modulated electronic and optical properties of WSSe bilayer through the first-principle calculations. The preferred stacking configurations and chalcogen orders are determined by the binding energies. The bandgap of all the stable structures are found sensitive to the external stress and could be tailored from semiconductor to metallicity under appropriate compressive strains. Atomic orbital projected energy bands reveal a positive correlation between the degeneracy and the structural symmetry, which explains the bandgap evolutions. Dipole transition preference is tuned by the biaxial strain. A controllable transformation between anisotropic and isotropic optical properties is achieved under an around - 6%~- 4% critical strain. The strain controllable electronic and optical properties of the WSSe bilayer may open up an important path for exploring next-generation optoelectronic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Guo
- Department of Physics, OSED, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Materials and Applications, Jiujiang Research Insititute, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, People's Republic of China
| | - Congming Ke
- Department of Physics, OSED, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Materials and Applications, Jiujiang Research Insititute, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaping Wu
- Department of Physics, OSED, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Materials and Applications, Jiujiang Research Insititute, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, People's Republic of China.
| | - Junyong Kang
- Department of Physics, OSED, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Materials and Applications, Jiujiang Research Insititute, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, People's Republic of China
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Printable Highly Stable and Superfast Humidity Sensor Based on Two Dimensional Molybdenum Diselenide. Sci Rep 2020; 10:5509. [PMID: 32218460 PMCID: PMC7099085 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-62397-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) are promising materials for sensing applications, due to their exceptional high performance in nano-electronics. Inherentely, the chemical and thermal responses of TMDCs are highly stable, hence, they pave way for real time sensor applications. This article proposes inceptively a stable and superfast humidity sensor using two-dimensional (2D) Molybdenum diselenide (MoSe2) through printed technlogies. The 2D MoSe2 ink is synthesized through wet grinding to achieve few-layered nano-flakes. Inter digital electrodes (IDEs) are fabricated via screen-printing on Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrate and thin film of MoSe2 nano-flakes is fabricated through spin coating. The impedance and capacitance response are recorded at 1 kHz between temperature levels ranging from 20-30 °C. The impedance and capacitance hysteresis results are recorded <1.98% and <2.36%, respectively, ensuring very good repeatability during humidification and dehumidification. The stability of impedance and capacitance response are recorded with maximum error rate of ~ 0.162% and ~ 0.183%, respectively. The proposed sensor shows fast impedance response time (Tres) of ~ 0.96 s, and recovery time (Trec) of ~ 1.03 s, which has Tres of ~ 1.87 s, and Trec of ~ 2.13 s for capacitance. It is aimed to develop a high performance and stable humidity sensor for various monitoring applications.
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Zhou C, Zhang X, Tang N, Fang Y, Zhang H, Duan X. Rapid response flexible humidity sensor for respiration monitoring using nano-confined strategy. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2020; 31:125302. [PMID: 31778983 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ab5cda] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Development of wearable devices for continuous respiration monitoring is of great importance for evaluating human health. Here, we propose a new strategy to achieve rapid respiration response by confining conductive polymers into 1D nanowires which facilitates the water molecules absorption/desorption and maximizes the sensor response to moisture. The nanowires arrays were fabricated through a low-cost nanoscale printing approach on flexible substrate. The nanoscale humidity sensor shows a high sensitivity (5.46%) and ultrafast response (0.63 s) when changing humidity between 0% and 13% and can tolerate 1000 repetitions of bending to a curvature radius of 10 mm without influencing its performance. Benefited by its fast response and low power assumption, the humidity sensor was demonstrated to monitor human respiration in real time. Different respiration patterns including normal, fast and deep respiration can be distinguished accurately.
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Nagar B, Jović M, Bassetto VC, Zhu Y, Pick H, Gómez‐Romero P, Merkoçi A, Girault HH, Lesch A. Highly Loaded Mildly Edge‐Oxidized Graphene Nanosheet Dispersions for Large‐Scale Inkjet Printing of Electrochemical Sensors. ChemElectroChem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.201901697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Bhawna Nagar
- Novel Energy Oriented Materials Group Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2)CSIC and The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology Campus UAB, Bellaterra 08193 Barcelona Spain
- Nanobioelectronics and Biosensors Group Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2)CSIC and The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology Campus UAB, Bellaterra Barcelona 08193 Spain ICREA Pg. Lluís Companys, 23 Barcelona 08010 Spain
- Laboratory of Physical and Analytical Electrochemistry (LEPA)Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) Valais Wallis Rue de l'Industrie 17 1950 Sion Switzerland
| | - Milica Jović
- Laboratory of Physical and Analytical Electrochemistry (LEPA)Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) Valais Wallis Rue de l'Industrie 17 1950 Sion Switzerland
| | - Victor Costa Bassetto
- Laboratory of Physical and Analytical Electrochemistry (LEPA)Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) Valais Wallis Rue de l'Industrie 17 1950 Sion Switzerland
| | - Yingdi Zhu
- Laboratory of Physical and Analytical Electrochemistry (LEPA)Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) Valais Wallis Rue de l'Industrie 17 1950 Sion Switzerland
| | - Horst Pick
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering (ISIC)Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) EPFL Station 15 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Pedro Gómez‐Romero
- Novel Energy Oriented Materials Group Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2)CSIC and The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology Campus UAB, Bellaterra 08193 Barcelona Spain
| | - Arben Merkoçi
- Nanobioelectronics and Biosensors Group Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2)CSIC and The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology Campus UAB, Bellaterra Barcelona 08193 Spain ICREA Pg. Lluís Companys, 23 Barcelona 08010 Spain
| | - Hubert H. Girault
- Laboratory of Physical and Analytical Electrochemistry (LEPA)Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) Valais Wallis Rue de l'Industrie 17 1950 Sion Switzerland
| | - Andreas Lesch
- Department of Industrial Chemistry “Toso Montanari”University of Bologna Viale del Risorgimento 4 40136 Bologna Italy
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Lin J, Fang H, Tan X, Sun B, Wang Z, Deng H, Liu H, Tang Z, Liao G, Shi T. Ultrafast Self-Assembly MoS 2/Cu(OH) 2 Nanowires for Highly Sensitive Gamut Humidity Detection with an Enhanced Self-Recovery Ability. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:46368-46378. [PMID: 31714054 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b17155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Humidity sensors have attracted intense interest in various fields because of the importance of humidity detection. Different methods have been adopted to enhance sensing performances of humidity sensors, while it is challenging for researchers to avoid the invalidation of the sensors after being wet. Here, we, for the first time, introduce self-assembly MoS2/Cu(OH)2 nanowires fabricated by liquid self-spreading-coating-evaporating as sensing materials and present MoS2/Cu(OH)2 nanowire-based quartz crystal microbalance gamut humidity sensors with superior sensitivity and self-recovery ability. The sensors deliver a remarkable sensitivity (60.8 Hz/% RH) under a wide range (0-97% RH) with fast response (1.9 s)/recovery time (3.8 s) and upgrade self-recovery ability that can maintain their original performances even after being wet, frozen, and heated or immersed in water. The sensors are also employed to monitor water counting, dew alarming, and human breathing (within 4 s), further showing their ultrahigh sensitivity for water molecules. The underlying humidity-sensing mechanism is interpreted by density functional theory calculations and in-situ Fourier transform infrared spectra experiments adequately, revealing that the high sensing performances are attributed to abundant adsorption sites and physisorption of water molecules. Our work proposes a strategy for transferring materials to arbitrary nanostructures swiftly and demonstrates new perspectives for highly sensitive humidity detection as well as self-recovery ability.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Huan Liu
- Shenzhen Huazhong University of Science and Technology Research Institute , Shenzhen Virtual University Park , Shenzhen 518000 , PR China
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Panigrahi P, Hussain T, Karton A, Ahuja R. Elemental Substitution of Two-Dimensional Transition Metal Dichalcogenides (MoSe 2 and MoTe 2): Implications for Enhanced Gas Sensing. ACS Sens 2019; 4:2646-2653. [PMID: 31565924 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.9b01044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The quest for a suitable material with the potential of capturing toxic nitrogen-containing gases (NH3, NO, and NO2) has motivated us to explore the structural, electronic, and gas-sensing properties of transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs); MoSe2 and MoTe2. Spin-polarized density functional theory (DFT) calculations demonstrate weak binding of nitrogen-containing gases (NCGs) with the pristine TMDs, which limits the use of the latter as efficient sensing materials. However, suitable elemental substitutions improve the binding mechanism enormously. Our dispersion-corrected DFT calculations revealed that Se (Te) substitution with Ge (Sb) in MoSe2 (MoTe2) not only enhances the binding energies but also causes a significant variation in the electronic properties and work functions. A charge-transfer mechanism based on Bader analysis indicates that transfer of charges from MoSe2-Ge (MoTe2-Sb) to the NCGs is responsible for the improvement in the binding characteristics. Based on our findings, it is evident that 2.08% of elemental substitutional makes both MoSe2 and MoTe2 promising materials for NH3, NO, and NO2 gas sensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Puspamitra Panigrahi
- Clean Energy and Nano Convergence Centre (CENCON), Hindustan Institute of Technology and Science, 603103 Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Tanveer Hussain
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | - Amir Karton
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | - Rajeev Ahuja
- Condensed Matter Theory Group, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box
516, S-75120 Uppsala, Sweden
- Applied Materials Physics, Department of Materials and Engineering, Royal Institute of Technology, (KTH), S-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
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40
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He P, Cao J, Ding H, Liu C, Neilson J, Li Z, Kinloch IA, Derby B. Screen-Printing of a Highly Conductive Graphene Ink for Flexible Printed Electronics. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:32225-32234. [PMID: 31390171 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b04589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Conductive inks for the future printed electronics should have the following merits: high conductivity, flexibility, low cost, and compatibility with wide range of substrates. However, the state-of-the-art conductive inks based on metal nanoparticles are high in cost and poor in flexibility. Herein, we reported a highly conductive, low cost, and super flexible ink based on graphene nanoplatelets. The graphene ink has been screen-printed on plastic and paper substrates. Combined with postprinting treatments including thermal annealing and compression rolling, the printed graphene pattern shows a high conductivity of 8.81 × 104 S m-1 and good flexibility without significant conductivity loss after 1000 bending cycles. We further demonstrate that the printed highly conductive graphene patterns can act as current collectors for supercapacitors. The supercapacitor with the printed graphene pattern as the current collector and printed activated carbon as the active material shows a good rate capability of up to 200 mV s-1. This work potentially provides a promising route toward the large-scale fabrication of low cost yet flexible printed electronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei He
- School of Physics and Electronics , Central South University , Changsha 410083 , Hunan , P. R. China
- School of Materials , University of Manchester , Oxford Road , Manchester M13 9PL , U.K
| | - Jianyun Cao
- School of Materials , University of Manchester , Oxford Road , Manchester M13 9PL , U.K
| | - Hui Ding
- School of Materials , University of Manchester , Oxford Road , Manchester M13 9PL , U.K
| | - Chongguang Liu
- School of Materials , University of Manchester , Oxford Road , Manchester M13 9PL , U.K
| | - Joseph Neilson
- School of Materials , University of Manchester , Oxford Road , Manchester M13 9PL , U.K
| | - Zheling Li
- School of Materials , University of Manchester , Oxford Road , Manchester M13 9PL , U.K
| | - Ian A Kinloch
- School of Materials , University of Manchester , Oxford Road , Manchester M13 9PL , U.K
| | - Brian Derby
- School of Materials , University of Manchester , Oxford Road , Manchester M13 9PL , U.K
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41
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Sarker F, Potluri P, Afroj S, Koncherry V, Novoselov KS, Karim N. Ultrahigh Performance of Nanoengineered Graphene-Based Natural Jute Fiber Composites. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:21166-21176. [PMID: 31063352 PMCID: PMC6566500 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b04696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Natural fibers composites are considered as a sustainable alternative to synthetic composites due to their environmental and economic benefits. However, they suffer from poor mechanical and interfacial properties due to a random fiber orientation and weak fiber-matrix interface. Here we report nanoengineered graphene-based natural jute fiber preforms with a new fiber architecture (NFA) which significantly improves their mechanical properties and performances. Our graphene-based NFA of jute fiber preform enhances the Young modulus of jute-epoxy composites by ∼324% and tensile strength by ∼110% more than untreated jute fiber composites, by arranging fibers in a parallel direction through individualization and nanosurface engineering with graphene derivatives. This could potentially lead to manufacturing of high-performance natural alternatives to synthetic composites in various stiffness-driven applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Forkan Sarker
- School of Materials, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, U.K.
- Northwest Composites Centre, The University
of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, U.K.
| | - Prasad Potluri
- School of Materials, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, U.K.
- Northwest Composites Centre, The University
of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, U.K.
| | - Shaila Afroj
- School of Physics
& Astronomy, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, U.K.
- National Graphene Institute (NGI), The
University of Manchester, Booth Street East, Manchester, M13 9PL, U.K.
| | - Vivek Koncherry
- School of Materials, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, U.K.
- Northwest Composites Centre, The University
of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, U.K.
| | - Kostya S. Novoselov
- School of Physics
& Astronomy, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, U.K.
- National Graphene Institute (NGI), The
University of Manchester, Booth Street East, Manchester, M13 9PL, U.K.
| | - Nazmul Karim
- National Graphene Institute (NGI), The
University of Manchester, Booth Street East, Manchester, M13 9PL, U.K.
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42
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Liao Y, Zhang R, Wang H, Ye S, Zhou Y, Ma T, Zhu J, Pfefferle LD, Qian J. Highly conductive carbon-based aqueous inks toward electroluminescent devices, printed capacitive sensors and flexible wearable electronics. RSC Adv 2019; 9:15184-15189. [PMID: 35514818 PMCID: PMC9064188 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra01721f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2019] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Carbon-based conductive inks are one of the most important materials in the field of printing electronics. However, most carbon-based conductive inks with small electrical resistance are expensive, such as graphene. It limits the commercial use of carbon inks in the fields of flexible electronics and printed electronics. Here, we propose a low-cost and environmentally friendly formula based on dihydroxyphenyl-functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWNT-f-OH)/carbon black/graphite as conductive fillers and waterborne acrylic resins as binders for preparing highly conductive carbon-based aqueous inks (HCCA-inks). Our study showed that when the mass fraction of carbon black, graphite and MWNT-f-OH was 3.0%, 10.2% and 4.1%, respectively, on a thickness of 40 μm, optimal conductivity (sheet resistance up to 29 Ω sq-1) was achieved, and the printed HCCA-inks on a paper could withstand extremely high folding cycles (>2000 cycles) while the resistance value of the flexible circuit only increased by 11%. The carbon-based aqueous inks showed high electrical conductivity and excellent mechanical stability, which makes it possible for them to be used as flexible wearable electronics, electroluminescent (EL) devices and printed capacitive sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Liao
- School of Printing and Packaging, Wuhan University Luojia Hill Wuhan 430072 China
- Chemical & Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering & Applied Science, Yale University 17 Hillhouse Avenue New Haven CT 06511 USA
| | - Rui Zhang
- School of Printing and Packaging, Wuhan University Luojia Hill Wuhan 430072 China
| | - Hongxia Wang
- School of Printing and Packaging, Wuhan University Luojia Hill Wuhan 430072 China
| | - Shuangli Ye
- School of Printing and Packaging, Wuhan University Luojia Hill Wuhan 430072 China
| | - Yihua Zhou
- School of Printing and Packaging, Wuhan University Luojia Hill Wuhan 430072 China
| | - Taolin Ma
- School of Printing and Packaging, Wuhan University Luojia Hill Wuhan 430072 China
| | - Junqing Zhu
- Chemical & Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering & Applied Science, Yale University 17 Hillhouse Avenue New Haven CT 06511 USA
| | - Lisa D Pfefferle
- Chemical & Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering & Applied Science, Yale University 17 Hillhouse Avenue New Haven CT 06511 USA
| | - Jun Qian
- School of Printing and Packaging, Wuhan University Luojia Hill Wuhan 430072 China
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43
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Fatima Q, Haidry AA, Yao Z, He Y, Li Z, Sun L, Xie L. The critical role of hydroxyl groups in water vapor sensing of graphene oxide. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2019; 1:1319-1330. [PMID: 36132612 PMCID: PMC9473244 DOI: 10.1039/c8na00135a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 10/21/2018] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Excellent adsorption of water vapor on the surface of graphene oxide (GO), which contains several inherited functional groups, leads to the development of improved humidity monitoring systems that can urgently meet the high industrial demand. In this study, we fabricated a GO-based humidity sensor and investigated the influence of hydroxyl group concentration on its performance. The sensor exhibited excellent humidity sensing performance in terms of sensitivity (sensor response ∼40 for 90% RH), selectivity, stability (both long-term and short-term) and reaction time (τ res = 8.5 s and τ rec = 13 s). Additionally, this sensor does not require external power consumption for heating; thus, the aforementioned performance (recorded at room temperature) with an applied voltage of 0.1 V can significantly reduce the power/energy consumption to about ∼1.314 × 10-4 kW h per year. In the future, this type of sensor can be integrated into smart humidity monitoring systems to not only monitor but also control the humidity levels on a specific application area. Based on complementary characterization techniques, such as XRD, AFM, Raman and electrical measurement, here, we propose a physical-chemical sensing model to elucidate the aforementioned sensor characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qawareer Fatima
- College of Materials Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics 211100 Nanjing China
- Key Laboratory of Materials Preparation and Protection for Harsh Environment, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology 211100 Nanjing China
| | - Azhar Ali Haidry
- College of Materials Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics 211100 Nanjing China
- Key Laboratory of Materials Preparation and Protection for Harsh Environment, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology 211100 Nanjing China
| | - Zhengjun Yao
- College of Materials Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics 211100 Nanjing China
- Key Laboratory of Materials Preparation and Protection for Harsh Environment, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology 211100 Nanjing China
| | - Yue He
- College of Materials Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics 211100 Nanjing China
- Key Laboratory of Materials Preparation and Protection for Harsh Environment, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology 211100 Nanjing China
| | - Zhong Li
- College of Materials Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics 211100 Nanjing China
- Key Laboratory of Materials Preparation and Protection for Harsh Environment, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology 211100 Nanjing China
| | - Linchao Sun
- College of Materials Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics 211100 Nanjing China
- Key Laboratory of Materials Preparation and Protection for Harsh Environment, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology 211100 Nanjing China
| | - Lijuan Xie
- College of Materials Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics 211100 Nanjing China
- Key Laboratory of Materials Preparation and Protection for Harsh Environment, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology 211100 Nanjing China
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44
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Korotcenkov G. Black Phosphorus-New Nanostructured Material for Humidity Sensors: Achievements and Limitations. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 19:E1010. [PMID: 30818818 PMCID: PMC6427353 DOI: 10.3390/s19051010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Revised: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The prospects of using nanostructured black phosphorus for the development of humidity sensors are considered. It was shown that black phosphorus has a set of parameters that distinguish it from other two-dimensional (2D) materials such as graphene, silicone, and dichalcogenides. At the same time, an analysis of shortcomings, limiting the use of black phosphorus as a humidity sensitive material in devices aimed for market of humidity sensors, was also conducted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghenadii Korotcenkov
- Laboratory of Physics and Engineering of Nanomaterials, Department of Physics and Engineering, Moldova State University, MD-2009 Chisinau, Moldova.
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45
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Ma Z, Li S, Wang H, Cheng W, Li Y, Pan L, Shi Y. Advanced electronic skin devices for healthcare applications. J Mater Chem B 2018; 7:173-197. [PMID: 32254546 DOI: 10.1039/c8tb02862a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Electronic skin, a kind of flexible electronic device and system inspired by human skin, has emerged as a promising candidate for wearable personal healthcare applications. Wearable electronic devices with skin-like properties will provide platforms for continuous and real-time monitoring of human physiological signals such as tissue pressure, body motion, temperature, metabolites, electrolyte balance, and disease-related biomarkers. Transdermal drug delivery devices can also be integrated into electronic skin to enhance its non-invasive, real-time dynamic therapy functions. This review summarizes the recent progress in electronic skin devices for applications in human health monitoring and therapy systems as well as several potential mass production technologies such as inkjet printing and 3D printing. The opportunities and challenges in broadening the applications of electronic skin devices in practical healthcare are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong Ma
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Photonic and Electronic Materials, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Nanjing University, 210093 Nanjing, China.
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46
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Hu G, Kang J, Ng LWT, Zhu X, Howe RCT, Jones CG, Hersam MC, Hasan T. Functional inks and printing of two-dimensional materials. Chem Soc Rev 2018; 47:3265-3300. [PMID: 29667676 DOI: 10.1039/c8cs00084k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 173] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Graphene and related two-dimensional materials provide an ideal platform for next generation disruptive technologies and applications. Exploiting these solution-processed two-dimensional materials in printing can accelerate this development by allowing additive patterning on both rigid and conformable substrates for flexible device design and large-scale, high-speed, cost-effective manufacturing. In this review, we summarise the current progress on ink formulation of two-dimensional materials and the printable applications enabled by them. We also present our perspectives on their research and technological future prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guohua Hu
- Cambridge Graphene Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0FA, UK.
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47
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Yan W, Wang XH, Yu J, Meng X, Qiao P, Yin H, Zhang Y, Wang P. Precise and label-free tumour cell recognition based on a black phosphorus nanoquenching platform. J Mater Chem B 2018; 6:5613-5620. [DOI: 10.1039/c8tb01275j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Duplexed recognition of label-free breast cancer cells: a duplexed assay platform based on a BP nanoquencher allows simultaneous detection of two tumor markers within one run.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wujuan Yan
- Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics
- Institute of Laser Engineering
- Beijing University of Technology
- Beijing
- China
| | - Xiu-Hong Wang
- Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics
- Institute of Laser Engineering
- Beijing University of Technology
- Beijing
- China
| | - Jingwen Yu
- Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics
- Institute of Laser Engineering
- Beijing University of Technology
- Beijing
- China
| | - Xiaotong Meng
- Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics
- Institute of Laser Engineering
- Beijing University of Technology
- Beijing
- China
| | - Pengfei Qiao
- Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics
- Institute of Laser Engineering
- Beijing University of Technology
- Beijing
- China
| | - Huabing Yin
- Biomedical Engineering Laboratory
- School of Engineering
- University of Glasgow
- Glasgow G12 8LT
- UK
| | - Yongzhe Zhang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering
- Beijing University of Technology
- Beijing
- China
| | - Pu Wang
- Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics
- Institute of Laser Engineering
- Beijing University of Technology
- Beijing
- China
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