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Liao Z, Tang S, Nozawa K, Shimada K, Ikawa M, Monsivais D, Matzuk M. Affinity-tagged SMAD1 and SMAD5 mouse lines reveal transcriptional reprogramming mechanisms during early pregnancy. eLife 2024; 12:RP91434. [PMID: 38536963 PMCID: PMC10972565 DOI: 10.7554/elife.91434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Endometrial decidualization, a prerequisite for successful pregnancies, relies on transcriptional reprogramming driven by progesterone receptor (PR) and bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-SMAD1/SMAD5 signaling pathways. Despite their critical roles in early pregnancy, how these pathways intersect in reprogramming the endometrium into a receptive state remains unclear. To define how SMAD1 and/or SMAD5 integrate BMP signaling in the uterus during early pregnancy, we generated two novel transgenic mouse lines with affinity tags inserted into the endogenous SMAD1 and SMAD5 loci (Smad1HA/HA and Smad5PA/PA). By profiling the genome-wide distribution of SMAD1, SMAD5, and PR in the mouse uterus, we demonstrated the unique and shared roles of SMAD1 and SMAD5 during the window of implantation. We also showed the presence of a conserved SMAD1, SMAD5, and PR genomic binding signature in the uterus during early pregnancy. To functionally characterize the translational aspects of our findings, we demonstrated that SMAD1/5 knockdown in human endometrial stromal cells suppressed expressions of canonical decidual markers (IGFBP1, PRL, FOXO1) and PR-responsive genes (RORB, KLF15). Here, our studies provide novel tools to study BMP signaling pathways and highlight the fundamental roles of SMAD1/5 in mediating both BMP signaling pathways and the transcriptional response to progesterone (P4) during early pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zian Liao
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Baylor College of MedicineHoustonUnited States
- Graduate Program of Genetics and Genomics, Baylor College of MedicineHoustonUnited States
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of MedicineHoustonUnited States
- Center for Drug Discovery, Baylor College of MedicineHoustonUnited States
| | - Suni Tang
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Baylor College of MedicineHoustonUnited States
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of MedicineHoustonUnited States
| | - Kaori Nozawa
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Baylor College of MedicineHoustonUnited States
- Center for Drug Discovery, Baylor College of MedicineHoustonUnited States
| | - Keisuke Shimada
- Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka UniversityOsakaJapan
| | - Masahito Ikawa
- Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka UniversityOsakaJapan
| | - Diana Monsivais
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Baylor College of MedicineHoustonUnited States
- Center for Drug Discovery, Baylor College of MedicineHoustonUnited States
| | - Martin Matzuk
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Baylor College of MedicineHoustonUnited States
- Graduate Program of Genetics and Genomics, Baylor College of MedicineHoustonUnited States
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of MedicineHoustonUnited States
- Center for Drug Discovery, Baylor College of MedicineHoustonUnited States
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2
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Cañón-Beltrán K, Cajas YN, Almpanis V, Egido SG, Gutierrez-Adan A, González EM, Rizos D. MicroRNA-148b secreted by bovine oviductal extracellular vesicles enhance embryo quality through BPM/TGF-beta pathway. Biol Res 2024; 57:11. [PMID: 38520036 PMCID: PMC10960404 DOI: 10.1186/s40659-024-00488-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Extracellular vesicles (EVs) and their cargoes, including MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play a crucial role in cell-to-cell communication. We previously demonstrated the upregulation of bta-mir-148b in EVs from oviductal fluid of cyclic cows. This miRNA is linked to the TGF-β pathway in the cell proliferation. Our aim was to verify whether miR-148b is taken up by embryos through gymnosis, validate its target genes, and investigate the effect of miR-148b supplementation on early embryo development and quality. METHODS Zygotes were cultured in SOF + 0.3% BSA (Control) or supplemented with: 1 µM miR-148b mimics during: D1-D7 (miR148b) or D1-D4 (miR148b-OV: representing miRNA effect in the oviduct) or D4-D7 (miR148b-UT: representing miRNA effect in the uterus) or 1 µM control mimics was used during: D1-D7 (CMimic). Embryos at ≥ 16-cells and D7 blastocysts (BD7) were collected to examine the mRNA abundance of transcripts linked to the TGF-β pathway (TGFBR2, SMAD1, SMAD2, SMAD3, SMAD5, BMPR2, RPS6KB1, POU5F1, NANOG), total cell number (TC), trophectoderm (TE), and inner cell mass (ICM) were also evaluated. One-way ANOVA was used for all analyses. RESULTS We demonstrated that miR-148b can be taken up in both 16-cell embryos and BD7 by gymnosis, and we observed a decrease in SMAD5 mRNA, suggesting it's a potential target of miR-148b. Cleavage and blastocysts rates were not affected in any groups; however, supplementation of miR-148b mimics had a positive effect on TC, TE and ICM, with values of 136.4 ± 1.6, 92.5 ± 0.9, 43.9 ± 1.3 for miR148b and 135.3 ± 1.5, 92.6 ± 1.2, 42.7 ± 0.8, for miR148b-OV group. Furthermore, mRNA transcripts of SMAD1 and SMAD5 were decreased (P ≤ 0.001) in 16-cell embryos and BD7 from miR148b and miR148b-OV groups, while POU5F1 and NANOG were upregulated (P ≤ 0.001) in BD7 and TGFBR2 was only downregulated in 16-cell embryos. pSMAD1/5 levels were higher in the miR148b and miR148b-OV groups. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that supplementation of bta-miR-148b mimics during the entire culture period (D1 - D7) or from D1 - D4 improves embryo quality and influences the TGF-β signaling pathway by altering the transcription of genes associated with cellular differentiation and proliferation. This highlights the importance of miR-148b on embryo quality and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karina Cañón-Beltrán
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Veterinary Faculty, Complutense University of Madrid (UCM), Madrid, Spain
- Programa de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Corporación Universitaria del Huila (CORHUILA), Grupo Kyron, Huila, Colombia
| | - Yulia N Cajas
- Department Agrarian Production, Technical University of Madrid (UPM), Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja (UTPL), Loja, Ecuador
| | - Vasileios Almpanis
- Department of Animal Reproduction, National Institute for Agriculture and Food Research and Technology (CSIC-INIA), Madrid, Spain
| | - Sandra Guisado Egido
- Department of Animal Reproduction, National Institute for Agriculture and Food Research and Technology (CSIC-INIA), Madrid, Spain
| | - Alfonso Gutierrez-Adan
- Department of Animal Reproduction, National Institute for Agriculture and Food Research and Technology (CSIC-INIA), Madrid, Spain
| | - Encina M González
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Veterinary Faculty, Complutense University of Madrid (UCM), Madrid, Spain.
| | - Dimitrios Rizos
- Department of Animal Reproduction, National Institute for Agriculture and Food Research and Technology (CSIC-INIA), Madrid, Spain.
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Liao Z, Tang S, Nozawa K, Shimada K, Ikawa M, Monsivais D, Matzuk MM. Affinity-tagged SMAD1 and SMAD5 mouse lines reveal transcriptional reprogramming mechanisms during early pregnancy. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2023.09.25.559321. [PMID: 38106095 PMCID: PMC10723262 DOI: 10.1101/2023.09.25.559321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Endometrial decidualization, a prerequisite for successful pregnancies, relies on transcriptional reprogramming driven by progesterone receptor (PR) and bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-SMAD1/SMAD5 signaling pathways. Despite their critical roles in early pregnancy, how these pathways intersect in reprogramming the endometrium into a receptive state remains unclear. To define how SMAD1 and/or SMAD5 integrate BMP signaling in the uterus during early pregnancy, we generated two novel transgenic mouse lines with affinity tags inserted into the endogenous SMAD1 and SMAD5 loci (Smad1HA/HA and Smad5PA/PA). By profiling the genome-wide distribution of SMAD1, SMAD5, and PR in the mouse uterus, we demonstrated the unique and shared roles of SMAD1 and SMAD5 during the window of implantation. We also showed the presence of a conserved SMAD1, SMAD5, and PR genomic binding signature in the uterus during early pregnancy. To functionally characterize the translational aspects of our findings, we demonstrated that SMAD1/5 knockdown in human endometrial stromal cells suppressed expressions of canonical decidual markers (IGFBP1, PRL, FOXO1) and PR-responsive genes (RORB, KLF15). Here, our studies provide novel tools to study BMP signaling pathways and highlight the fundamental roles of SMAD1/5 in mediating both BMP signaling pathways and the transcriptional response to progesterone (P4) during early pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zian Liao
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
- Graduate Program of Genetics and Genomics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
- Center for Drug Discovery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Suni Tang
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
- Center for Drug Discovery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Kaori Nozawa
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
- Center for Drug Discovery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Keisuke Shimada
- Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Masahito Ikawa
- Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Diana Monsivais
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
- Center for Drug Discovery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Martin M. Matzuk
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
- Graduate Program of Genetics and Genomics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
- Center for Drug Discovery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
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Gonçalves TM, Stewart CL, Baxley SD, Xu J, Li D, Gabel HW, Wang T, Avraham O, Zhao G. Towards a comprehensive regulatory map of Mammalian Genomes. RESEARCH SQUARE 2023:rs.3.rs-3294408. [PMID: 37841836 PMCID: PMC10571623 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3294408/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
Genome mapping studies have generated a nearly complete collection of genes for the human genome, but we still lack an equivalently vetted inventory of human regulatory sequences. Cis-regulatory modules (CRMs) play important roles in controlling when, where, and how much a gene is expressed. We developed a training data-free CRM-prediction algorithm, the Mammalian Regulatory MOdule Detector (MrMOD) for accurate CRM prediction in mammalian genomes. MrMOD provides genome position-fixed CRM models similar to the fixed gene models for the mouse and human genomes using only genomic sequences as the inputs with one adjustable parameter - the significance p-value. Importantly, MrMOD predicts a comprehensive set of high-resolution CRMs in the mouse and human genomes including all types of regulatory modules not limited to any tissue, cell type, developmental stage, or condition. We computationally validated MrMOD predictions used a compendium of 21 orthogonal experimental data sets including thousands of experimentally defined CRMs and millions of putative regulatory elements derived from hundreds of different tissues, cell types, and stimulus conditions obtained from multiple databases. In ovo transgenic reporter assay demonstrates the power of our prediction in guiding experimental design. We analyzed CRMs located in the chromosome 17 using unsupervised machine learning and identified groups of CRMs with multiple lines of evidence supporting their functionality, linking CRMs with upstream binding transcription factors and downstream target genes. Our work provides a comprehensive base pair resolution annotation of the functional regulatory elements and non-functional regions in the mammalian genomes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jason Xu
- Missouri University of Science & Technology
| | - Daofeng Li
- Washington University School of Medicine
| | | | - Ting Wang
- Washington University School of Medicine
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5
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Simpson LA, Crowley D, Forey T, Acosta H, Ferjentsik Z, Chatfield J, Payne A, Simpson BS, Redwood C, Dixon JE, Holmes N, Sang F, Alberio R, Loose M, Johnson AD. NANOG is required to establish the competence for germ-layer differentiation in the basal tetrapod axolotl. PLoS Biol 2023; 21:e3002121. [PMID: 37315073 PMCID: PMC10599592 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3002121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Pluripotency defines the unlimited potential of individual cells of vertebrate embryos, from which all adult somatic cells and germ cells are derived. Understanding how the programming of pluripotency evolved has been obscured in part by a lack of data from lower vertebrates; in model systems such as frogs and zebrafish, the function of the pluripotency genes NANOG and POU5F1 have diverged. Here, we investigated how the axolotl ortholog of NANOG programs pluripotency during development. Axolotl NANOG is absolutely required for gastrulation and germ-layer commitment. We show that in axolotl primitive ectoderm (animal caps; ACs) NANOG and NODAL activity, as well as the epigenetic modifying enzyme DPY30, are required for the mass deposition of H3K4me3 in pluripotent chromatin. We also demonstrate that all 3 protein activities are required for ACs to establish the competency to differentiate toward mesoderm. Our results suggest the ancient function of NANOG may be establishing the competence for lineage differentiation in early cells. These observations provide insights into embryonic development in the tetrapod ancestor from which terrestrial vertebrates evolved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luke A. Simpson
- School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Queens Medical Centre, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Darren Crowley
- School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Queens Medical Centre, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Teri Forey
- School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Queens Medical Centre, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Helena Acosta
- School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Queens Medical Centre, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Zoltan Ferjentsik
- School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Queens Medical Centre, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Jodie Chatfield
- School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Queens Medical Centre, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Alexander Payne
- School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Queens Medical Centre, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Benjamin S. Simpson
- Tumour Immunogenomics and Immunosurveillance Laboratory, University College London Cancer Institute, London, United Kingdom
- Cancer Dynamics Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, United Kingdom
| | - Catherine Redwood
- School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Queens Medical Centre, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - James E. Dixon
- School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Queens Medical Centre, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Nadine Holmes
- School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Queens Medical Centre, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Fei Sang
- School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Queens Medical Centre, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Ramiro Alberio
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Loughborough, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew Loose
- School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Queens Medical Centre, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew D. Johnson
- School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Queens Medical Centre, Nottingham, United Kingdom
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6
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Escuin S, Rose Raza-Knight S, Savery D, Gaston-Massuet C, Galea GL, Greene NDE, Copp AJ. Dual mechanism underlying failure of neural tube closure in the Zic2 mutant mouse. Dis Model Mech 2023; 16:297163. [PMID: 36916392 PMCID: PMC10073009 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.049858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding the molecular mechanisms that lead to birth defects is an important step towards improved primary prevention. Mouse embryos homozygous for the Kumba (Ku) mutant allele of Zic2 develop severe spina bifida with complete lack of dorsolateral hinge points (DLHPs) in the neuroepithelium. Bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signalling is overactivated in Zic2Ku/Ku embryos, and the BMP inhibitor dorsomorphin partially rescues neural tube closure in cultured embryos. RhoA signalling is also overactivated, with accumulation of actomyosin in the Zic2Ku/Ku neuroepithelium, and the myosin inhibitor Blebbistatin partially normalises neural tube closure. However, dorsomorphin and Blebbistatin differ in their effects at tissue and cellular levels: DLHP formation is rescued by dorsomorphin but not Blebbistatin, whereas abnormal accumulation of actomyosin is rescued by Blebbistatin but not dorsomorphin. These findings suggest a dual mechanism of spina bifida origin in Zic2Ku/Ku embryos: faulty BMP-dependent formation of DLHPs and RhoA-dependent F-actin accumulation in the neuroepithelium. Hence, we identify a multi-pathway origin of spina bifida in a mammalian system that may provide a developmental basis for understanding the corresponding multifactorial human defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Escuin
- Developmental Biology and Cancer Department, Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - Saba Rose Raza-Knight
- Developmental Biology and Cancer Department, Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - Dawn Savery
- Developmental Biology and Cancer Department, Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - Carles Gaston-Massuet
- Developmental Biology and Cancer Department, Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - Gabriel L Galea
- Developmental Biology and Cancer Department, Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - Nicholas D E Greene
- Developmental Biology and Cancer Department, Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - Andrew J Copp
- Developmental Biology and Cancer Department, Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London WC1N 1EH, UK
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7
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Yang Z, Wan W, Zhang P, Wang S, Zhao Z, Xue J, Yao M, Zhao Y, Zheng W, Niu B, Wang M, Li H, Guo W, Ren Z, Hu Y. Crosstalk between heat shock factor 1 and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 mediated by interleukin-8 autocrine signaling maintains the cancer stem cell phenotype in liver cancer. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2023; 38:138-152. [PMID: 36300571 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.16040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Liver cancer stem cells (LCSCs) cause therapeutic refractoriness and relapse in hepatocellular carcinoma. Heat shock factor 1 (HSF1) plays versatile roles in multiple cancers. However, the role of HSF1 in LCSCs is not well understood. This study investigated the function and signal mechanisms of HSF1 in maintaining LCSC phenotypes. METHODS We established two LCSC lines, HepG2-R and HuH-7-R. Constitutive activation of HSF1 was observed in these LCSCs. Specific short hairpin RNAs (shRNAs) and chemical inhibitors were used to identify the relationship between HSF1 expression and LCSCs phenotypes. RESULTS We revealed a concomitant activation modality involving HSF1 and STAT3 in LCSCs and liver cancer tissues. We also found that liver cancer patients whose HSF1 and STAT3 mRNA expression levels were high presented with unfavorable clinicopathological characteristics. Moreover, the secretion of interleukin-8 (IL-8) was elevated in the LCSC medium and was directly regulated by HSF1 at the transcriptional level. In turn, IL-8 activated HSF1 and STAT3 signaling, and a neutralizing IL-8 antibody inhibited HSF1 and STAT3 activity, reduced cancer stem cell marker expression, and decreased LCSC microsphere formation. Simultaneous intervention with HSF1 and STAT3 led to synergistically suppressed stemness acquisition and growth suppression in the LCSCs in vivo and in vitro. CONCLUSIONS Our study indicates that IL-8 mediates the crosstalk between the HSF1 and Stat3 signaling pathways in LCSCs and that the combined targeting of HSF1 and STAT3 is a promising treatment strategy for patients with advanced liver cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengyan Yang
- Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Basic Medicine, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Wenjuan Wan
- Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Basic Medicine, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Pai Zhang
- Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Basic Medicine, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Shuangfeng Wang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Severe Infections, Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhi Zhao
- Henan University-Affiliated Zhengzhou Yihe Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jingrui Xue
- Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Basic Medicine, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Mengzhuo Yao
- Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Basic Medicine, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Yiwei Zhao
- Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Basic Medicine, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Weifeng Zheng
- Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Basic Medicine, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Baohua Niu
- Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Basic Medicine, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Mingli Wang
- Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Basic Medicine, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Hui Li
- Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Basic Medicine, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Weikai Guo
- Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Basic Medicine, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Zhiguang Ren
- Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Basic Medicine, Henan University, Kaifeng, China.,Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Yanzhong Hu
- Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Basic Medicine, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
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8
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Jung GA, Kim JA, Park HW, Lee H, Chang MS, Cho KO, Song BW, Kim HJ, Kwon YK, Oh IH. Induction of Nanog in neural progenitor cells for adaptive regeneration of ischemic brain. Exp Mol Med 2022; 54:1955-1966. [PMID: 36376495 PMCID: PMC9722910 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-022-00880-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
NANOG plays a key role in cellular plasticity and the acquisition of the stem cell state during reprogramming, but its role in the regenerative process remains unclear. Here, we show that the induction of NANOG in neuronal cells is necessary for the physiological initiation of neuronal regeneration in response to ischemic stress. Specifically, we found that NANOG was preferentially expressed in undifferentiated neuronal cells, and forced expression of Nanog in neural progenitor cells (NPCs) promoted their self-renewing expansion both in ex-vivo slice cultures and in vitro limiting dilution analysis. Notably, the upstream region of the Nanog gene contains sequence motifs for hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1α). Therefore, cerebral neurons exposed to hypoxia significantly upregulated NANOG expression selectively in primitive (CD133+) cells, but not in mature cells, leading to the expansion of NPCs. Notably, up to 80% of the neuronal expansion induced by hypoxia was attributed to NANOG-expressing neuronal cells, whereas knockdown during hypoxia abolished this expansion and was accompanied by the downregulation of other pluripotency-related genes. Moreover, the number of NANOG-expressing neuronal cells were transiently increased in response to ischemic insult, predominantly in the infarct area of brain regions undergoing neurogenesis, but not in non-neurogenic loci. Together, these findings reveal a functional effect of NANOG-induction for the initiation of adaptive neuronal regeneration among heterogeneous NPC subsets, pointing to cellular plasticity as a potential link between regeneration and reprogramming processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gyung-Ah Jung
- grid.411947.e0000 0004 0470 4224Catholic High-Performance Cell Therapy Center & Department of Medical Life Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin-A Kim
- grid.411947.e0000 0004 0470 4224Catholic High-Performance Cell Therapy Center & Department of Medical Life Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hwan-Woo Park
- grid.31501.360000 0004 0470 5905Department of Oral Anatomy, Dental Research Institute & School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea ,grid.411143.20000 0000 8674 9741Present Address: Department of Cell Biology, Myunggok Medical Research Institute, Konyang University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Hyemi Lee
- grid.289247.20000 0001 2171 7818Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Mi-Sook Chang
- grid.31501.360000 0004 0470 5905Department of Oral Anatomy, Dental Research Institute & School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyung-Ok Cho
- grid.411947.e0000 0004 0470 4224Department of Pharmacology, Department of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, Catholic Neuroscience Institute, Institute of Aging and Metabolic Diseases, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Byeong-Wook Song
- grid.411199.50000 0004 0470 5702College of Medicine, Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung-si, 25601 Korea
| | - Hyun-Ju Kim
- grid.289247.20000 0001 2171 7818Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yunhee Kim Kwon
- grid.289247.20000 0001 2171 7818Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Il-Hoan Oh
- grid.411947.e0000 0004 0470 4224Catholic High-Performance Cell Therapy Center & Department of Medical Life Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea ,Institute for Regenerative Medical Research, StemMeditech Inc., Seoul, Korea
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9
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CD44v6+ Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells Maintain Stemness Properties through Met/cJun/Nanog Signaling. Stem Cells Int 2022; 2022:5853707. [DOI: 10.1155/2022/5853707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are characterized by their self-renewal and differentiation abilities. CD44v6 is a novel CSC marker that can activate various signaling pathways. Here, we hypothesized that the HGF/Met signaling pathway promotes stemness properties in CD44v6+ hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells via overexpression of the transcription factor, cJun, thus representing a valuable target for HCC therapy. Magnetic activated cell sorting was used to separate the CD44v6+ from CD44v6- cells, and Met levels were regulated using lentiviral particles and the selective Met inhibitor, PHA665752. An orthotopic liver xenograft tumor model was used to assess the self-renewal ability of CD44v6+ cells in immunodeficient NOD/SCID mice. Luciferase reporter and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays were also conducted using cJun-overexpressing 293 T cells to identify the exact binding site of cJun in the Nanog promoter. Our data demonstrate that CD44v6 is an ideal surface marker of liver CSCs. CD44v6+ HCC cells express higher levels of Met and possess self-renewal and tumor growth abilities. Xenograft liver tumors were smaller in nude mice injected with shMet HCC cells. Immunohistochemical analysis of liver tissue specimens revealed that high Met levels in HCC cells were associated with poor patient prognosis. Further, a cJun binding site was identified 1700 bp upstream of the Nanog transcription start site and mutation of the cJun binding site reduced Nanog expression. In conclusion, the HGF/Met signaling pathway is important for maintenance of stemness in CD44v6+ HCC cells by enhancing expression of cJun, which binds 1700 bp upstream of the Nanog transcription start site.
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10
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Plouhinec JL, Simon G, Vieira M, Collignon J, Sorre B. Dissecting signaling hierarchies in the patterning of the mouse primitive streak using micropatterned EpiLC colonies. Stem Cell Reports 2022; 17:1757-1771. [PMID: 35714597 PMCID: PMC9287665 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2022.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Embryo studies have established that the patterning of the mouse gastrula depends on a regulatory network in which the WNT, BMP, and NODAL signaling pathways cooperate, but aspects of their respective contributions remain unclear. Studying their impact on the spatial organization and developmental trajectories of micropatterned epiblast-like cell (EpiLC) colonies, we show that NODAL is required prior to BMP action to establish the mesoderm and endoderm lineages. The presence of BMP then forces NODAL and WNT to support the formation of posterior primitive streak (PS) derivatives, while its absence allows them to promote that of anterior PS derivatives. Also, a Nodal mutation elicits more severe patterning defects in vitro than in the embryo, suggesting that ligands of extra-embryonic origin can rescue them. These results support the implication of a combinatorial process in PS patterning and illustrate how the study of micropatterned EpiLC colonies can complement that of embryos. BMP or WNT cannot rescue the impact a Nodal KO has on primitive streak formation BMP exposure results in Nodal promoting posterior rather than anterior PS formation The maintenance of posterior mesodermal identities is dependent on Nodal expression Low Nodal expression does not prevent the emergence of anterior PS derivatives
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Louis Plouhinec
- Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Laboratoire Matière et Systèmes Complexes, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Gaël Simon
- Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Laboratoire Matière et Systèmes Complexes, 75013 Paris, France; Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Institut Jacques Monod, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Mathieu Vieira
- Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Institut Jacques Monod, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Jérôme Collignon
- Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Institut Jacques Monod, 75013 Paris, France.
| | - Benoit Sorre
- Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Laboratoire Matière et Systèmes Complexes, 75013 Paris, France; Institut Curie, Université PSL, Sorbonne Université, CNRS UMR168, Laboratoire Physico Chimie Curie, 75005 Paris, France.
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11
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Jamalpoor A, Hartvelt S, Dimopoulou M, Zwetsloot T, Brandsma I, Racz PI, Osterlund T, Hendriks G. A novel human stem cell-based biomarker assay for in vitro assessment of developmental toxicity. Birth Defects Res 2022; 114:1210-1228. [PMID: 35289129 DOI: 10.1002/bdr2.2001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Testing for developmental toxicity according to the current regulatory guidelines requires large numbers of animals, making these tests very resource intensive, time-consuming, and ethically debatable. Over the past decades, several alternative in vitro assays have been developed, but these often suffered from low predictability and the inability to provide a mechanistic understanding of developmental toxicity. METHODS To identify embryotoxic compounds, we developed a human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs)-based biomarker assay. The assay is based on the differentiation of hiPSCs into functional cardiomyocytes and hepatocytes. Proper stem cell differentiation is investigated by morphological profiling and assessment of time-dependent expression patterns of cell-specific biomarkers. In this system, a decrease in the expression of the biomarker genes and morphology disruption of the differentiated cells following compound treatment indicated teratogenicity. RESULTS The hiPSCs-based biomarker assay was validated with 21 well-established in vivo animal teratogenic and non-teratogenic compounds during cardiomyocyte and hepatocyte differentiation. The in vivo teratogenic compounds (e.g., thalidomide and valproic acid) markedly disrupted morphology, functionality, and the expression pattern of the biomarker genes in either one or both cell types. Non-teratogenic chemicals generally had no effect on the morphology of differentiated cells, nor on the expression of the biomarker genes. Compared to the in vivo classification, the assay achieved high accuracy (91%), sensitivity (91%), and specificity (90%). CONCLUSION The assay, which we named ReproTracker®, is a state-of-the-art in vitro method that can identify the teratogenicity potential of new pharmaceuticals and chemicals and signify the outcome of in vivo test systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amer Jamalpoor
- Toxys B.V., Leiden Bio Science Park, Oegstgeest, The Netherlands
| | - Sabine Hartvelt
- Toxys B.V., Leiden Bio Science Park, Oegstgeest, The Netherlands
| | - Myrto Dimopoulou
- Toxys B.V., Leiden Bio Science Park, Oegstgeest, The Netherlands
| | - Tom Zwetsloot
- Toxys B.V., Leiden Bio Science Park, Oegstgeest, The Netherlands
| | - Inger Brandsma
- Toxys B.V., Leiden Bio Science Park, Oegstgeest, The Netherlands
| | - Peter I Racz
- Toxys B.V., Leiden Bio Science Park, Oegstgeest, The Netherlands
| | - Torben Osterlund
- Toxys B.V., Leiden Bio Science Park, Oegstgeest, The Netherlands
| | - Giel Hendriks
- Toxys B.V., Leiden Bio Science Park, Oegstgeest, The Netherlands
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12
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Sánchez-Sánchez AV, García-España A, Sánchez-Gómez P, Font-de-Mora J, Merino M, Mullor JL. The Embryonic Key Pluripotent Factor NANOG Mediates Glioblastoma Cell Migration via the SDF1/CXCR4 Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221910620. [PMID: 34638956 PMCID: PMC8508935 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
NANOG is a key transcription factor required for maintaining pluripotency of embryonic stem cells. Elevated NANOG expression levels have been reported in many types of human cancers, including lung, oral, prostate, stomach, breast, and brain. Several studies reported the correlation between NANOG expression and tumor metastasis, revealing itself as a powerful biomarker of poor prognosis. However, how NANOG regulates tumor progression is still not known. We previously showed in medaka fish that Nanog regulates primordial germ cell migration through Cxcr4b, a chemokine receptor known for its ability to promote migration and metastasis in human cancers. Therefore, we investigated the role of human NANOG in CXCR4-mediated cancer cell migration. Of note, we found that NANOG regulatory elements in the CXCR4 promoter are functionally conserved in medaka fish and humans, suggesting an evolutionary conserved regulatory axis. Moreover, CXCR4 expression requires NANOG in human glioblastoma cells. In addition, transwell assays demonstrated that NANOG regulates cancer cell migration through the SDF1/CXCR4 pathway. Altogether, our results uncover NANOG-CXCR4 as a novel pathway controlling cellular migration and support Nanog as a potential therapeutic target in the treatment of Nanog-dependent tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Virginia Sánchez-Sánchez
- Bionos Biotech, SL, Biopolo Hospital La Fe, Av. Fernando Abril Martorell 106, 46026 Valencia, Spain; (A.V.S.-S.); (M.M.)
| | - Antonio García-España
- Research Unit, Hospital Universitari de Tarragona Joan XXIII, Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43005 Tarragona, Spain;
| | - Pilar Sánchez-Gómez
- Neurooncology Unit, Instituto de Salud Carlos III-UFIEC, Crtra/Majadahonda-Pozuelo, Km 2, Majadahonda, 28220 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Jaime Font-de-Mora
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain;
| | - Marián Merino
- Bionos Biotech, SL, Biopolo Hospital La Fe, Av. Fernando Abril Martorell 106, 46026 Valencia, Spain; (A.V.S.-S.); (M.M.)
| | - José Luis Mullor
- Bionos Biotech, SL, Biopolo Hospital La Fe, Av. Fernando Abril Martorell 106, 46026 Valencia, Spain; (A.V.S.-S.); (M.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-961243219
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13
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Garbutt TA, Konganti K, Konneker T, Hillhouse A, Phelps D, Jones A, Aylor D, Threadgill DW. Derivation of stable embryonic stem cell-like, but transcriptionally heterogenous, induced pluripotent stem cells from non-permissive mouse strains. Mamm Genome 2020; 31:263-286. [PMID: 33015751 PMCID: PMC9113365 DOI: 10.1007/s00335-020-09849-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Genetic background is known to play a role in the ability to derive pluripotent, embryonic stem cells (ESC), a trait referred to as permissiveness. Previously we demonstrated that induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) can be readily derived from non-permissive mouse strains by addition of serum-based media supplemented with GSK3B and MEK inhibitors, termed 2iS media, 3 days into reprogramming. Here, we describe the derivation of second type of iPSC colony from non-permissive mouse strains that can be stably maintained independently of 2iS media. The resulting cells display transcriptional heterogeneity similar to that observed in ESC from permissive genetic backgrounds derived in conventional serum containing media supplemented with leukemia inhibitor factor. However, unlike previous studies that report exclusive subpopulations, we observe both exclusive and simultaneous expression of naive and primed cell surface markers. Herein, we explore shifts in pluripotency in the presence of 2iS and characterize heterogenous subpopulations to determine their pluripotent state and role in heterogenous iPSCs derived from the non-permissive NOD/ShiLtJ strain. We conclude that heterogeneity is a naturally occurring, necessary quality of stem cells that allows for the maintenance of pluripotency. This study further demonstrates the efficacy of the 2iS reprogramming technique. It is also the first study to derive stable ESC-like stem cells from the non-permissive NOD/ShiLtJ and WSB/EiJ strains, enabling easier and broader research possibilities into pluripotency for these and similar non-permissive mouse strains and species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiffany A Garbutt
- Program in Genetics, Department of Biological Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| | - Kranti Konganti
- Texas A&M Institute for Genome Sciences and Society, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Thomas Konneker
- Program in Genetics, Department of Biological Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| | - Andrew Hillhouse
- Texas A&M Institute for Genome Sciences and Society, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Drake Phelps
- Program in Genetics, Department of Biological Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| | - Alexis Jones
- Program in Genetics, Department of Biological Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| | - David Aylor
- Program in Genetics, Department of Biological Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| | - David W Threadgill
- Texas A&M Institute for Genome Sciences and Society, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA.
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA.
- Department of Biochemistry & Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA.
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14
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Najafzadeh B, Asadzadeh Z, Motafakker Azad R, Mokhtarzadeh A, Baghbanzadeh A, Alemohammad H, Abdoli Shadbad M, Vasefifar P, Najafi S, Baradaran B. The oncogenic potential of NANOG: An important cancer induction mediator. J Cell Physiol 2020; 236:2443-2458. [PMID: 32960465 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are a unique population in the tumor, but they only comprise 2%-5% of the tumor bulk. Although CSCs share several features with embryonic stem cells, CSCs can give rise to the tumor cells. CSCs overexpress embryonic transcription factor NANOG, which is downregulated in differentiated tissues. This transcription factor confers CSC's stemness, unlimited self-renewal, metastasis, invasiveness, angiogenesis, and drug-resistance with the assistance of WNT, OCT4, SOX2, Hedgehog, BMI-1, and other complexes. NANOG facilitates CSCs development via multiple pathways, like angiogenesis and lessening E-cadherin expression levels, which paves the road for metastasis. Moreover, NANOG represses apoptosis and leads to drug-resistance. This review aims to highlight the pivotal role of NANOG and the pertained pathways in CSCs. Also, this current study intends to demonstrate that targeting NANOG can dimmish the CSCs, sensitize the tumor to chemotherapy, and eradicate the cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basira Najafzadeh
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Zahra Asadzadeh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Ahad Mokhtarzadeh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Amir Baghbanzadeh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hajar Alemohammad
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Parisa Vasefifar
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Souzan Najafi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Behzad Baradaran
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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15
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Yu Z, Dmitrieva NI, Walts AD, Jin H, Liu Y, Ping X, Ferrante EA, Qiu L, Holland SM, Freeman AF, Chen G, Boehm M. STAT3 modulates reprogramming efficiency of human somatic cells; insights from autosomal dominant Hyper IgE syndrome caused by STAT3 mutations. Biol Open 2020; 9:bio052662. [PMID: 32580970 PMCID: PMC7502598 DOI: 10.1242/bio.052662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) technology has opened exciting opportunities for stem-cell-based therapy. However, its wide adoption is precluded by several challenges including low reprogramming efficiency and potential for malignant transformation. Better understanding of the molecular mechanisms of the changes that cells undergo during reprograming is needed to improve iPSCs generation efficiency and to increase confidence for their clinical use safety. Here, we find that dominant negative mutations in STAT3 in patients with autosomal-dominant hyper IgE (Job's) syndrome (AD-HIES) result in greatly reduced reprograming efficiency of primary skin fibroblasts derived from skin biopsies. Analysis of normal skin fibroblasts revealed upregulation and phosphorylation of endogenous signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and its binding to the NANOG promoter following transduction with OKSM factors. This coincided with upregulation of NANOG and appearance of cells expressing pluripotency markers. Upregulation of NANOG and number of pluripotent cells were greatly reduced throughout the reprograming process of AD-HIES fibroblasts that was restored by over-expression of functional STAT3. NANOGP8, the human-specific NANOG retrogene that is often expressed in human cancers, was also induced during reprogramming, to very low but detectable levels, in a STAT3-dependent manner. Our study revealed the critical role of endogenous STAT3 in facilitating reprogramming of human somatic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Yu
- Translational Vascular Medicine Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Natalia I Dmitrieva
- Translational Vascular Medicine Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Avram D Walts
- Translational Vascular Medicine Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Hui Jin
- Translational Vascular Medicine Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Yangtengyu Liu
- Translational Vascular Medicine Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Xianfeng Ping
- Translational Vascular Medicine Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Elisa A Ferrante
- Translational Vascular Medicine Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | | | - Steven M Holland
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Alexandra F Freeman
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Guibin Chen
- Translational Vascular Medicine Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Manfred Boehm
- Translational Vascular Medicine Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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16
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Shanak S, Helms V. DNA methylation and the core pluripotency network. Dev Biol 2020; 464:145-160. [PMID: 32562758 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2020.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Revised: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
From the onset of fertilization, the genome undergoes cell division and differentiation. All of these developmental transitions and differentiation processes include cell-specific signatures and gradual changes of the epigenome. Understanding what keeps stem cells in the pluripotent state and what leads to differentiation are fascinating and biomedically highly important issues. Numerous studies have identified genes, proteins, microRNAs and small molecules that exert essential effects. Notably, there exists a core pluripotency network that consists of several transcription factors and accessory proteins. Three eminent transcription factors, OCT4, SOX2 and NANOG, serve as hubs in this core pluripotency network. They bind to the enhancer regions of their target genes and modulate, among others, the expression levels of genes that are associated with Gene Ontology terms related to differentiation and self-renewal. Also, much has been learned about the epigenetic rewiring processes during these changes of cell fate. For example, DNA methylation dynamics is pivotal during embryonic development. The main goal of this review is to highlight an intricate interplay of (a) DNA methyltransferases controlling the expression levels of core pluripotency factors by modulation of the DNA methylation levels in their enhancer regions, and of (b) the core pluripotency factors controlling the transcriptional regulation of DNA methyltransferases. We discuss these processes both at the global level and in atomistic detail based on information from structural studies and from computer simulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siba Shanak
- Faculty of Science, Arab-American University, Jenin, Palestine; Center for Bioinformatics, Saarland University, Saarbruecken, Germany
| | - Volkhard Helms
- Center for Bioinformatics, Saarland University, Saarbruecken, Germany.
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17
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Gordeeva O. TGFβ Family Signaling Pathways in Pluripotent and Teratocarcinoma Stem Cells' Fate Decisions: Balancing Between Self-Renewal, Differentiation, and Cancer. Cells 2019; 8:cells8121500. [PMID: 31771212 PMCID: PMC6953027 DOI: 10.3390/cells8121500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Revised: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The transforming growth factor-β (TGFβ) family factors induce pleiotropic effects and are involved in the regulation of most normal and pathological cellular processes. The activity of different branches of the TGFβ family signaling pathways and their interplay with other signaling pathways govern the fine regulation of the self-renewal, differentiation onset and specialization of pluripotent stem cells in various cell derivatives. TGFβ family signaling pathways play a pivotal role in balancing basic cellular processes in pluripotent stem cells and their derivatives, although disturbances in their genome integrity induce the rearrangements of signaling pathways and lead to functional impairments and malignant transformation into cancer stem cells. Therefore, the identification of critical nodes and targets in the regulatory cascades of TGFβ family factors and other signaling pathways, and analysis of the rearrangements of the signal regulatory network during stem cell state transitions and interconversions, are key issues for understanding the fundamental mechanisms of both stem cell biology and cancer initiation and progression, as well as for clinical applications. This review summarizes recent advances in our understanding of TGFβ family functions in naїve and primed pluripotent stem cells and discusses how these pathways are involved in perturbations in the signaling network of malignant teratocarcinoma stem cells with impaired differentiation potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Gordeeva
- Kol'tsov Institute of Developmental Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 26 Vavilov str., 119334 Moscow, Russia
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18
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Terada M, Kawamata M, Kimura R, Sekiya S, Nagamatsu G, Hayashi K, Horisawa K, Suzuki A. Generation of
Nanog
reporter mice that distinguish pluripotent stem cells from unipotent primordial germ cells. Genesis 2019; 57:e23334. [DOI: 10.1002/dvg.23334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Revised: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maiko Terada
- Division of Organogenesis and Regeneration Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University Fukuoka Japan
| | - Masaki Kawamata
- Division of Organogenesis and Regeneration Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University Fukuoka Japan
| | - Ryota Kimura
- Division of Organogenesis and Regeneration Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University Fukuoka Japan
| | - Sayaka Sekiya
- Division of Organogenesis and Regeneration Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University Fukuoka Japan
| | - Go Nagamatsu
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Medicine Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University Fukuoka Japan
| | - Katsuhiko Hayashi
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Medicine Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University Fukuoka Japan
| | - Kenichi Horisawa
- Division of Organogenesis and Regeneration Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University Fukuoka Japan
| | - Atsushi Suzuki
- Division of Organogenesis and Regeneration Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University Fukuoka Japan
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19
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Pessôa LVDF, Bressan FF, Freude KK. Induced pluripotent stem cells throughout the animal kingdom: Availability and applications. World J Stem Cells 2019; 11:491-505. [PMID: 31523369 PMCID: PMC6716087 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v11.i8.491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Revised: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Up until the mid 2000s, the capacity to generate every cell of an organism was exclusive to embryonic stem cells. In 2006, researchers Takahashi and Yamanaka developed an alternative method of generating embryonic-like stem cells from adult cells, which they coined induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). Such iPSCs possess most of the advantages of embryonic stem cells without the ethical stigma associated with derivation of the latter. The possibility of generating “custom-made” pluripotent cells, ideal for patient-specific disease models, alongside their possible applications in regenerative medicine and reproduction, has drawn a lot of attention to the field with numbers of iPSC studies published growing exponentially. IPSCs have now been generated for a wide variety of species, including but not limited to, mouse, human, primate, wild felines, bovines, equines, birds and rodents, some of which still lack well-established embryonic stem cell lines. The paucity of robust characterization of some of these iPSC lines as well as the residual expression of transgenes involved in the reprogramming process still hampers the use of such cells in species preservation or medical research, underscoring the requirement for further investigations. Here, we provide an extensive overview of iPSC generated from a broad range of animal species including their potential applications and limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laís Vicari de Figueiredo Pessôa
- Group of Stem Cell Models for Studies of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Section for Pathobiological Sciences, Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg 1870, Denmark
| | - Fabiana Fernandes Bressan
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga 13635-000, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Kristine Karla Freude
- Group of Stem Cell Models for Studies of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Section for Pathobiological Sciences, Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg 1870, Denmark
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20
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Malaguti M, Migueles RP, Blin G, Lin CY, Lowell S. Id1 Stabilizes Epiblast Identity by Sensing Delays in Nodal Activation and Adjusting the Timing of Differentiation. Dev Cell 2019; 50:462-477.e5. [PMID: 31204172 PMCID: PMC6706657 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2019.05.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Revised: 02/04/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Controlling responsiveness to prevailing signals is critical for robust transitions between cell states during development. For example, fibroblast growth factor (FGF) drives naive pluripotent cells into extraembryonic lineages before implantation but sustains pluripotency in primed cells of the post-implantation epiblast. Nanog supports pluripotency in naive cells, while Nodal supports pluripotency in primed cells, but the handover from Nanog to Nodal does not proceed seamlessly, opening up the risk of aberrant differentiation if FGF is activated before Nodal. Here, we report that Id1 acts as a sensor to detect delays in Nodal activation after the downregulation of Nanog. Id1 then suppresses FGF activity to delay differentiation. Accordingly, Id1 is not required for naive or primed pluripotency but rather stabilizes epiblast identity during the transition between these states. These findings help explain how development proceeds robustly in the face of imprecise signals and highlight the importance of mechanisms that stabilize cell identity during developmental transitions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mattias Malaguti
- MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Stem Cell Research, School of Biological Sciences, the University of Edinburgh, 5 Little France Drive, Edinburgh EH16 4UU, UK
| | - Rosa Portero Migueles
- MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Stem Cell Research, School of Biological Sciences, the University of Edinburgh, 5 Little France Drive, Edinburgh EH16 4UU, UK
| | - Guillaume Blin
- MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Stem Cell Research, School of Biological Sciences, the University of Edinburgh, 5 Little France Drive, Edinburgh EH16 4UU, UK
| | - Chia-Yi Lin
- MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Stem Cell Research, School of Biological Sciences, the University of Edinburgh, 5 Little France Drive, Edinburgh EH16 4UU, UK
| | - Sally Lowell
- MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Stem Cell Research, School of Biological Sciences, the University of Edinburgh, 5 Little France Drive, Edinburgh EH16 4UU, UK.
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21
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Noguchi T, Hussein AI, Horowitz N, Carroll D, Gower AC, Demissie S, Gerstenfeld LC. Hypophosphatemia Regulates Molecular Mechanisms of Circadian Rhythm. Sci Rep 2018; 8:13756. [PMID: 30213970 PMCID: PMC6137060 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-31830-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Transcriptomic analysis showed that the central circadian pathway genes had significantly altered expression in fracture calluses from mice fed a low phosphate diet. This led us to hypothesize that phosphate deficiency altered the circadian cycle in peripheral tissues. Analysis of the expression of the central clock genes over a 24-36 hour period in multiple peripheral tissues including fracture callus, proximal tibia growth plate and cardiac tissues after 12 days on a low phosphate diet showed higher levels of gene expression in the hypophosphatemia groups (p < 0.001) and a 3 to 6 hour elongation of the circadian cycle. A comparative analysis of the callus tissue transcriptome genes that were differentially regulated by hypophosphatemia with published data for the genes in bone that are diurnally regulated identified 1879 genes with overlapping differential regulation, which were shown by ontology assessment to be associated with oxidative metabolism and apoptosis. Network analysis of the central circadian pathway genes linked their expression to the up regulated expression of the histone methyltransferase gene EZH2, a gene that when mutated in both humans and mice controls overall skeletal growth. These data suggest that phosphate is an essential metabolite that controls circadian function in both skeletal and non skeletal peripheral tissues and associates its levels with the overall oxidative metabolism and skeletal growth of animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Noguchi
- Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, USA
| | - Amira I Hussein
- Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, USA
| | - Nina Horowitz
- Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, USA
| | - Deven Carroll
- Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, USA
| | - Adam C Gower
- Clinical and Translational Science Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, USA
| | - Serkalem Demissie
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
| | - Louis C Gerstenfeld
- Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, USA.
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22
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Zhao W, Zhu Q, Tan P, Ajibade A, Long T, Long W, Li Q, Liu P, Ning B, Wang HY, Wang RF. Tgfbr2 inactivation facilitates cellular plasticity and development of Pten-null prostate cancer. J Mol Cell Biol 2018; 10:316-330. [PMID: 29228234 PMCID: PMC6161409 DOI: 10.1093/jmcb/mjx052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2017] [Revised: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 12/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in tumors can create a state of increased cellular plasticity that promotes resistance to treatment. Thus, there is an urgent need to develop novel strategies for identifying key factors that regulate cellular plasticity in order to combat resistance to chemotherapy and radiation treatment. Here we report that prostate epithelial cell reprogramming could be exploited to identify key factors required for promoting prostate cancer tumorigenesis and cellular plasticity. Deletion of phosphatase and tensin homolog (Pten) and transforming growth factor-beta receptor type 2 (Tgfbr2) may increase prostate epithelial cell reprogramming efficiency in vitro and cause rapid tumor development and early mortality in vivo. Tgfbr2 ablation abolished TGF-β signaling but increased the bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling pathway through the negative regulator Tmeff1. Furthermore, increased BMP signaling promotes expression of the tumor marker genes ID1, Oct4, Nanog, and Sox2; ID1/STAT3/NANOG expression was inversely correlated with patient survival. Thus, our findings provide information about the molecular mechanisms by which BMP signaling pathways render stemness capacity to prostate tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhao
- Center for Inflammation and Epigenetics, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qingyuan Zhu
- Center for Inflammation and Epigenetics, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Peng Tan
- Center for Inflammation and Epigenetics, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA
- Institute of Biosciences and Technology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Adebusola Ajibade
- Center for Inflammation and Epigenetics, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Teng Long
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenyong Long
- Center for Inflammation and Epigenetics, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA
- Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qingtian Li
- Center for Inflammation and Epigenetics, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Pinghua Liu
- Center for Inflammation and Epigenetics, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Bo Ning
- Center for Inflammation and Epigenetics, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Helen Y Wang
- Center for Inflammation and Epigenetics, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Rong-Fu Wang
- Center for Inflammation and Epigenetics, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA
- Institute of Biosciences and Technology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medical College, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
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23
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Chen W, Wang H, Cheng M, Ni L, Zou L, Yang Q, Cai X, Jiao B. Isoharringtonine inhibits breast cancer stem-like properties and STAT3 signaling. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 103:435-442. [PMID: 29679903 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.04.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2018] [Revised: 04/09/2018] [Accepted: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs) contribute to breast cancer progression, relapse, and treatment resistance. Identification of the natural inhibitory components of BCSCs is therefore critical for clinical treatment. Here, we investigated whether isoharringtonine (IHT) had inhibitory effects on BCSCs in breast cancer cell lines. METHODS HCC1806, HCC1937, and MCF7 cells were treated with IHT. The proliferation and the migration of cells were detected by MTS assay and wound healing migration assay, respectively. The proportions of BCSCs were determined by flow cytometry and tumor sphere formation assay. Using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blotting, the expression of Nanog and activation of STAT3 were detected, respectively. RESULTS Results showed that IHT inhibited the proliferation of HCC1806, HCC1937, and MCF-7 cells, and suppressed the migration of HCC1806 and HCC1937 cells in a dose-dependent manner. IHT treatment decreased the proportion of BCSCs in MCF-7, HCC1806, and HCC1937 cells. In addition, the mRNA level of Nanong was significantly downregulated after IHT treatment. We also found an inhibitory effect of IHT on STAT3 activation. CONCLUSION IHT inhibited the proliferation, migration, and BCSC proportion of breast cancer cell lines via inhibition of the STAT3/Nanong pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Chen
- Institute of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, 230601, China; Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650223, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650223, China
| | - Mei Cheng
- Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650223, China; Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650223, China
| | - Ling Ni
- Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Li Zou
- Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650223, China
| | - Qin Yang
- Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650223, China
| | - Xianghai Cai
- Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China.
| | - Baowei Jiao
- Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650223, China.
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24
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Adult Neural Stem Cells: Basic Research and Production Strategies for Neurorestorative Therapy. Stem Cells Int 2018; 2018:4835491. [PMID: 29760724 PMCID: PMC5901847 DOI: 10.1155/2018/4835491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2017] [Accepted: 02/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Over many decades, constructing genetically and phenotypically stable lines of neural stem cells (NSC) for clinical purposes with the aim of restoring irreversibly lost functions of nervous tissue has been one of the major goals for multiple research groups. The unique ability of stem cells to maintain their own pluripotent state even in the adult body has made them into the choice object of study. With the development of the technology for induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) and direct transdifferentiation of somatic cells into the desired cell type, the initial research approaches based on the use of allogeneic NSCs from embryonic or fetal nervous tissue are gradually becoming a thing of the past. This review deals with basic molecular mechanisms for maintaining the pluripotent state of embryonic/induced stem and reprogrammed somatic cells, as well as with currently existing reprogramming strategies. The focus is on performing direct reprogramming while bypassing the stage of iPSCs which is known for genetic instability and an increased risk of tumorigenesis. A detailed description of various protocols for obtaining reprogrammed neural cells used in the therapy of the nervous system pathology is also provided.
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25
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Akberdin IR, Omelyanchuk NA, Fadeev SI, Leskova NE, Oschepkova EA, Kazantsev FV, Matushkin YG, Afonnikov DA, Kolchanov NA. Pluripotency gene network dynamics: System views from parametric analysis. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0194464. [PMID: 29596533 PMCID: PMC5875786 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0194464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2017] [Accepted: 03/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple experimental data demonstrated that the core gene network orchestrating self-renewal and differentiation of mouse embryonic stem cells involves activity of Oct4, Sox2 and Nanog genes by means of a number of positive feedback loops among them. However, recent studies indicated that the architecture of the core gene network should also incorporate negative Nanog autoregulation and might not include positive feedbacks from Nanog to Oct4 and Sox2. Thorough parametric analysis of the mathematical model based on this revisited core regulatory circuit identified that there are substantial changes in model dynamics occurred depending on the strength of Oct4 and Sox2 activation and molecular complexity of Nanog autorepression. The analysis showed the existence of four dynamical domains with different numbers of stable and unstable steady states. We hypothesize that these domains can constitute the checkpoints in a developmental progression from naïve to primed pluripotency and vice versa. During this transition, parametric conditions exist, which generate an oscillatory behavior of the system explaining heterogeneity in expression of pluripotent and differentiation factors in serum ESC cultures. Eventually, simulations showed that addition of positive feedbacks from Nanog to Oct4 and Sox2 leads mainly to increase of the parametric space for the naïve ESC state, in which pluripotency factors are strongly expressed while differentiation ones are repressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilya R. Akberdin
- Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia
- San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, United States of America
| | - Nadezda A. Omelyanchuk
- Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Stanislav I. Fadeev
- Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia
- Sobolev Institute of Mathematics SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Natalya E. Leskova
- Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Evgeniya A. Oschepkova
- Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Fedor V. Kazantsev
- Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Yury G. Matushkin
- Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Dmitry A. Afonnikov
- Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Nikolay A. Kolchanov
- Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia
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26
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Hammad M, Rao W, Smith JGW, Anderson DG, Langer R, Young LE, Barrett DA, Davies MC, Denning C, Alexander MR. Identification of polymer surface adsorbed proteins implicated in pluripotent human embryonic stem cell expansion. Biomater Sci 2018; 4:1381-91. [PMID: 27466628 PMCID: PMC5038343 DOI: 10.1039/c6bm00214e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The discovery of heat shock proteins as candidates for human pluripotent stem cell culture using high throughput screening.
Improved biomaterials are required for application in regenerative medicine, biosensing, and as medical devices. The response of cells to the chemistry of polymers cultured in media is generally regarded as being dominated by proteins adsorbed to the surface. Here we use mass spectrometry to identify proteins adsorbed from a complex mouse embryonic fibroblast (MEF) conditioned medium found to support pluripotent human embryonic stem cell (hESC) expansion on a plasma etched tissue culture polystyrene surface. A total of 71 proteins were identified, of which 14 uniquely correlated with the surface on which pluripotent stem cell expansion was achieved. We have developed a microarray combinatorial protein spotting approach to test the potential of these 14 proteins to support expansion of a hESC cell line (HUES-7) and a human induced pluripotent stem cell line (ReBl-PAT) on a novel polymer (N-(4-Hydroxyphenyl) methacrylamide). These proteins were spotted to form a primary array yielding several protein mixture ‘hits’ that enhanced cell attachment to the polymer. A second array was generated to test the function of a refined set of protein mixtures. We found that a combination of heat shock protein 90 and heat shock protein-1 encourage elevated adherence of pluripotent stem cells at a level comparable to fibronectin pre-treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moamen Hammad
- Laboratory of Biophysics and Surface Analysis, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK. morgan.alexander.nottingham.ac.uk
| | - Wei Rao
- Centre for Analytical Bioscience, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - James G W Smith
- Wolfson Centre for Stem Cells, Tissue Engineering and Modelling (STEM), University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Daniel G Anderson
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Robert Langer
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Lorraine E Young
- Wolfson Centre for Stem Cells, Tissue Engineering and Modelling (STEM), University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - David A Barrett
- Centre for Analytical Bioscience, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Martyn C Davies
- Laboratory of Biophysics and Surface Analysis, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK. morgan.alexander.nottingham.ac.uk
| | - Chris Denning
- Wolfson Centre for Stem Cells, Tissue Engineering and Modelling (STEM), University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Morgan R Alexander
- Laboratory of Biophysics and Surface Analysis, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK. morgan.alexander.nottingham.ac.uk
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27
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Xu X, Zheng L, Yuan Q, Zhen G, Crane JL, Zhou X, Cao X. Transforming growth factor-β in stem cells and tissue homeostasis. Bone Res 2018; 6:2. [PMID: 29423331 PMCID: PMC5802812 DOI: 10.1038/s41413-017-0005-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 228] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2017] [Revised: 11/12/2017] [Accepted: 11/15/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
TGF-β 1-3 are unique multi-functional growth factors that are only expressed in mammals, and mainly secreted and stored as a latent complex in the extracellular matrix (ECM). The biological functions of TGF-β in adults can only be delivered after ligand activation, mostly in response to environmental perturbations. Although involved in multiple biological and pathological processes of the human body, the exact roles of TGF-β in maintaining stem cells and tissue homeostasis have not been well-documented until recent advances, which delineate their functions in a given context. Our recent findings, along with data reported by others, have clearly shown that temporal and spatial activation of TGF-β is involved in the recruitment of stem/progenitor cell participation in tissue regeneration/remodeling process, whereas sustained abnormalities in TGF-β ligand activation, regardless of genetic or environmental origin, will inevitably disrupt the normal physiology and lead to pathobiology of major diseases. Modulation of TGF-β signaling with different approaches has proven effective pre-clinically in the treatment of multiple pathologies such as sclerosis/fibrosis, tumor metastasis, osteoarthritis, and immune disorders. Thus, further elucidation of the mechanisms by which TGF-β is activated in different tissues/organs and how targeted cells respond in a context-dependent way can likely be translated with clinical benefits in the management of a broad range of diseases with the involvement of TGF-β.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Liwei Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Pediatric Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Quan Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Oral Implantology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Gehua Zhen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD USA
| | - Janet L. Crane
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD USA
| | - Xuedong Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xu Cao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD USA
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28
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Herrera B, Addante A, Sánchez A. BMP Signalling at the Crossroad of Liver Fibrosis and Regeneration. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 19:ijms19010039. [PMID: 29295498 PMCID: PMC5795989 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19010039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2017] [Revised: 12/15/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone Morphogenetic Proteins (BMPs) belong to the Transforming Growth Factor-β (TGF-β) family. Initially identified due to their ability to induce bone formation, they are now known to have multiple functions in a variety of tissues, being critical not only during development for tissue morphogenesis and organogenesis but also during adult tissue homeostasis. This review focus on the liver as a target tissue for BMPs actions, devoting most efforts to summarize our knowledge on their recently recognized and/or emerging roles on regulation of the liver regenerative response to various insults, either acute or chronic and their effects on development and progression of liver fibrosis in different pathological conditions. In an attempt to provide the basis for guiding research efforts in this field both the more solid and more controversial areas of research were highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blanca Herrera
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid (UCM), Health Research Institute of the Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Annalisa Addante
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid (UCM), Health Research Institute of the Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Aránzazu Sánchez
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid (UCM), Health Research Institute of the Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain.
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29
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Li XF, Chen C, Xiang DM, Qu L, Sun W, Lu XY, Zhou TF, Chen SZ, Ning BF, Cheng Z, Xia MY, Shen WF, Yang W, Wen W, Lee TKW, Cong WM, Wang HY, Ding J. Chronic inflammation-elicited liver progenitor cell conversion to liver cancer stem cell with clinical significance. Hepatology 2017; 66:1934-1951. [PMID: 28714104 DOI: 10.1002/hep.29372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2017] [Revised: 06/26/2017] [Accepted: 07/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The substantial heterogeneity and hierarchical organization in liver cancer support the theory of liver cancer stem cells (LCSCs). However, the relationship between chronic hepatic inflammation and LCSC generation remains obscure. Here, we observed a close correlation between aggravated inflammation and liver progenitor cell (LPC) propagation in the cirrhotic liver of rats exposed to diethylnitrosamine. LPCs isolated from the rat cirrhotic liver initiated subcutaneous liver cancers in nonobese diabetic/severe combined immunodeficient mice, suggesting the malignant transformation of LPCs toward LCSCs. Interestingly, depletion of Kupffer cells in vivo attenuated the LCSC properties of transformed LPCs and suppressed cytokeratin 19/Oval cell 6-positive tumor occurrence. Conversely, LPCs cocultured with macrophages exhibited enhanced LCSC properties. We further demonstrated that macrophage-secreted tumor necrosis factor-α triggered chromosomal instability in LPCs through the deregulation of ubiquitin D and checkpoint kinase 2 and enhanced the self-renewal of LPCs through the tumor necrosis factor receptor 1/Src/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 pathway, which synergistically contributed to the conversion of LPCs to LCSCs. Clinical investigation revealed that cytokeratin 19/Oval cell 6-positive liver cancer patients displayed a worse prognosis and exhibited superior response to sorafenib treatment. CONCLUSION Our results not only clarify the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying the inflammation-mediated LCSC generation but also provide a molecular classification for the individualized treatment of liver cancer. (Hepatology 2017;66:1934-1951).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Feng Li
- The International Cooperation Laboratory on Signal Transduction, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Cheng Chen
- The International Cooperation Laboratory on Signal Transduction, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.,Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Dai-Min Xiang
- The International Cooperation Laboratory on Signal Transduction, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.,National Center of Liver Cancer, Shanghai, China
| | - Le Qu
- The International Cooperation Laboratory on Signal Transduction, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.,Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wen Sun
- The International Cooperation Laboratory on Signal Transduction, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin-Yuan Lu
- Department of Pathology, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Teng-Fei Zhou
- The International Cooperation Laboratory on Signal Transduction, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shu-Zhen Chen
- The International Cooperation Laboratory on Signal Transduction, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bei-Fang Ning
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changzheng Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhuo Cheng
- The International Cooperation Laboratory on Signal Transduction, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ming-Yang Xia
- The International Cooperation Laboratory on Signal Transduction, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei-Feng Shen
- Department of Hepatic Surgery, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Wen Yang
- The International Cooperation Laboratory on Signal Transduction, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wen Wen
- The International Cooperation Laboratory on Signal Transduction, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Terence Kin Wah Lee
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong
| | - Wen-Ming Cong
- Department of Pathology, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Hong-Yang Wang
- The International Cooperation Laboratory on Signal Transduction, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.,National Center of Liver Cancer, Shanghai, China
| | - Jin Ding
- The International Cooperation Laboratory on Signal Transduction, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.,National Center of Liver Cancer, Shanghai, China
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30
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Mullen AC, Wrana JL. TGF-β Family Signaling in Embryonic and Somatic Stem-Cell Renewal and Differentiation. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol 2017; 9:cshperspect.a022186. [PMID: 28108485 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a022186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Soon after the discovery of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), seminal work in vertebrate and invertebrate models revealed the TGF-β family to be central regulators of tissue morphogenesis. Members of the TGF-β family direct some of the earliest cell-fate decisions in animal development, coordinate complex organogenesis, and contribute to tissue homeostasis in the adult. Here, we focus on the role of the TGF-β family in mammalian stem-cell biology and discuss its wide and varied activities both in the regulation of pluripotency and in cell-fate commitment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan C Mullen
- Gastrointestinal Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114.,Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138
| | - Jeffrey L Wrana
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbam Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital and Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X5, Canada
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31
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Sengupta S, Nagalingam A, Muniraj N, Bonner MY, Mistriotis P, Afthinos A, Kuppusamy P, Lanoue D, Cho S, Korangath P, Shriver M, Begum A, Merino VF, Huang CY, Arbiser JL, Matsui W, Győrffy B, Konstantopoulos K, Sukumar S, Marignani PA, Saxena NK, Sharma D. Activation of tumor suppressor LKB1 by honokiol abrogates cancer stem-like phenotype in breast cancer via inhibition of oncogenic Stat3. Oncogene 2017; 36:5709-5721. [PMID: 28581518 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2017.164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2016] [Revised: 04/09/2017] [Accepted: 04/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Tumor suppressor and upstream master kinase Liver kinase B1 (LKB1) plays a significant role in suppressing cancer growth and metastatic progression. We show that low-LKB1 expression significantly correlates with poor survival outcome in breast cancer. In line with this observation, loss-of-LKB1 rendered breast cancer cells highly migratory and invasive, attaining cancer stem cell-like phenotype. Accordingly, LKB1-null breast cancer cells exhibited an increased ability to form mammospheres and elevated expression of pluripotency-factors (Oct4, Nanog and Sox2), properties also observed in spontaneous tumors in Lkb1-/- mice. Conversely, LKB1-overexpression in LKB1-null cells abrogated invasion, migration and mammosphere-formation. Honokiol (HNK), a bioactive molecule from Magnolia grandiflora increased LKB1 expression, inhibited individual cell-motility and abrogated the stem-like phenotype of breast cancer cells by reducing the formation of mammosphere, expression of pluripotency-factors and aldehyde dehydrogenase activity. LKB1, and its substrate, AMP-dependent protein kinase (AMPK) are important for HNK-mediated inhibition of pluripotency factors since LKB1-silencing and AMPK-inhibition abrogated, while LKB1-overexpression and AMPK-activation potentiated HNK's effects. Mechanistic studies showed that HNK inhibited Stat3-phosphorylation/activation in an LKB1-dependent manner, preventing its recruitment to canonical binding-sites in the promoters of Nanog, Oct4 and Sox2. Thus, inhibition of the coactivation-function of Stat3 resulted in suppression of expression of pluripotency factors. Further, we showed that HNK inhibited breast tumorigenesis in mice in an LKB1-dependent manner. Molecular analyses of HNK-treated xenografts corroborated our in vitro mechanistic findings. Collectively, these results present the first in vitro and in vivo evidence to support crosstalk between LKB1, Stat3 and pluripotency factors in breast cancer and effective anticancer modulation of this axis with HNK treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Sengupta
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and the Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore MD, USA
| | - A Nagalingam
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and the Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore MD, USA
| | - N Muniraj
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and the Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore MD, USA
| | - M Y Bonner
- Department of Dermatology, Emory University School of Medicine, Winship Cancer Institute, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - P Mistriotis
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore MD, USA
| | - A Afthinos
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore MD, USA
| | - P Kuppusamy
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore MD, USA
| | - D Lanoue
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalhousie University, Nova Scotia Canada
| | - S Cho
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and the Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore MD, USA
| | - P Korangath
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and the Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore MD, USA
| | - M Shriver
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and the Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore MD, USA
| | - A Begum
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and the Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore MD, USA
| | - V F Merino
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and the Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore MD, USA
| | - C-Y Huang
- Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, the Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - J L Arbiser
- Department of Dermatology, Emory University School of Medicine, Winship Cancer Institute, Atlanta, GA, USA.,Atlanta Veterans Administration Medical Center, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - W Matsui
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and the Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore MD, USA
| | - B Győrffy
- MTA TTK Momentum Cancer Biomarker Research Group, Budapest, Hungary.,Semmelweis University 2nd Department of Pediatrics, Budapest, Hungary
| | - K Konstantopoulos
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore MD, USA
| | - S Sukumar
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and the Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore MD, USA
| | - P A Marignani
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalhousie University, Nova Scotia Canada
| | - N K Saxena
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore MD, USA
| | - D Sharma
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and the Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore MD, USA
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32
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NANOG Plays a Hierarchical Role in the Transcription Network Regulating the Pluripotency and Plasticity of Adipose Tissue-Derived Stem Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18061107. [PMID: 28545230 PMCID: PMC5485931 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18061107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2017] [Revised: 05/12/2017] [Accepted: 05/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The stromal vascular cell fraction (SVF) of visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue (VAT and SAT) has increasingly come into focus in stem cell research, since these compartments represent a rich source of multipotent adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs). ASCs exhibit a self-renewal potential and differentiation capacity. Our aim was to study the different expression of the embryonic stem cell markers NANOG (homeobox protein NANOG), SOX2 (SRY (sex determining region Y)-box 2) and OCT4 (octamer-binding transcription factor 4) and to evaluate if there exists a hierarchal role in this network in ASCs derived from both SAT and VAT. ASCs were isolated from SAT and VAT biopsies of 72 consenting patients (23 men, 47 women; age 45 ± 10; BMI between 25 ± 5 and 30 ± 5 range) undergoing elective open-abdominal surgery. Sphere-forming capability was evaluated by plating cells in low adhesion plastic. Stem cell markers CD90, CD105, CD29, CD31, CD45 and CD146 were analyzed by flow cytometry, and the stem cell transcription factors NANOG, SOX2 and OCT4 were detected by immunoblotting and real-time PCR. NANOG, SOX2 and OCT4 interplay was explored by gene silencing. ASCs from VAT and SAT confirmed their mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) phenotype expressing the specific MSC markers CD90, CD105, NANOG, SOX2 and OCT4. NANOG silencing induced a significant OCT4 (70 ± 0.05%) and SOX2 (75 ± 0.03%) downregulation, whereas SOX2 silencing did not affect NANOG gene expression. Adipose tissue is an important source of MSC, and siRNA experiments endorse a hierarchical role of NANOG in the complex transcription network that regulates pluripotency.
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33
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Talos F, Mitrofanova A, Bergren SK, Califano A, Shen MM. A computational systems approach identifies synergistic specification genes that facilitate lineage conversion to prostate tissue. Nat Commun 2017; 8:14662. [PMID: 28429718 PMCID: PMC5413950 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms14662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2016] [Accepted: 01/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
To date, reprogramming strategies for generating cell types of interest have been facilitated by detailed understanding of relevant developmental regulatory factors. However, identification of such regulatory drivers often represents a major challenge, as specific gene combinations may be required for reprogramming. Here we show that a computational systems approach can identify cell type specification genes (master regulators) that act synergistically, and demonstrate its application for reprogramming of fibroblasts to prostate tissue. We use three such master regulators (FOXA1, NKX3.1 and androgen receptor, AR) in a primed conversion strategy starting from mouse fibroblasts, resulting in prostate tissue grafts with appropriate histological and molecular properties that respond to androgen-deprivation. Moreover, generation of reprogrammed prostate does not require traversal of a pluripotent state. Thus, we describe a general strategy by which cell types and tissues can be generated even with limited knowledge of the developmental pathways required for their specification in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flaminia Talos
- Department of Medicine, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York 10032, USA.,Department of Systems Biology, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York 10032, USA.,Department of Genetics and Development, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York 10032, USA.,Department of Urology, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York 10032, USA
| | - Antonina Mitrofanova
- Department of Systems Biology, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York 10032, USA
| | - Sarah K Bergren
- Department of Medicine, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York 10032, USA.,Department of Systems Biology, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York 10032, USA.,Department of Genetics and Development, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York 10032, USA.,Department of Urology, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York 10032, USA
| | - Andrea Califano
- Department of Systems Biology, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York 10032, USA
| | - Michael M Shen
- Department of Medicine, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York 10032, USA.,Department of Systems Biology, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York 10032, USA.,Department of Genetics and Development, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York 10032, USA.,Department of Urology, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York 10032, USA
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34
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Yang F, Wang N, Wang Y, Yu T, Wang H. Activin-SMAD signaling is required for maintenance of porcine iPS cell self-renewal through upregulation of NANOG and OCT4 expression. J Cell Physiol 2017; 232:2253-2262. [PMID: 27996082 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.25747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2016] [Revised: 12/17/2016] [Accepted: 12/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Porcine induced pluripotent stem cells (piPSCs) retain the enormous potential for farm animal reproduction and translational medicine, and have been reported by many laboratories worldwide. Some piPSC lines were bFGF-dependence and showed mouse EpiSC-like morphology; other lines were LIF-dependence and showed mouse ESC-like morphology. Metastable state of piPSC line that required both LIF and bFGF was also reported. Because bona fide pig embryonic stem cells were not available, uncovering piPSC state-specific regulatory circuitries was the most important task. In this study, we explored the function of Activin-SMAD signaling pathway and its downstream activated target genes in piPSCs. Transcriptome analysis showed that genes involved in Activin-SMAD signaling pathway were evidently activated during porcine somatic cell reprogramming, regardless piPSCs were LIF- or bFGF-dependent. Addition of Activin A and overexpression of SMAD2/3 significantly promoted expressions of porcine NANOG and OCT4, whereas inhibition of Activin-SMAD signaling by SB431542 and SMAD7 reduced NANOG and OCT4 expressions, and induced piPSCs differentiation exiting from pluripotent state. Our data demonstrate that activation of Activin-SMAD signaling pathway by addition of Activin A in culture medium is necessary for maintenance of self-renewal in porcine pluripotent stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Yang
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ning Wang
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yaxian Wang
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Tong Yu
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Huayan Wang
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
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35
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Morin-Doré L, Blondin P, Vigneault C, Grand FX, Labrecque R, Sirard MA. Transcriptomic evaluation of bovine blastocysts obtained from peri-pubertal oocyte donors. Theriogenology 2017; 93:111-123. [PMID: 28257859 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2017.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2016] [Revised: 12/09/2016] [Accepted: 01/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Assisted reproduction technologies (ART) and high selection pressure in the dairy industry are leading towards the use of younger females for reproduction, thereby reducing the interval between generations. This situation may have a negative impact on embryo quality, thus reducing the success rate of the procedures. This study aimed to document the effects of oocyte donor age on embryo quality, at the transcriptomic level, in order to characterize the effects of using young females for reproduction purpose. Young Holstein heifers (n = 10) were used at three different ages for ovarian stimulation protocols and oocyte collections (at 8, 11 and 14 months). All of the oocytes were fertilized in vitro with the semen of one adult bull, generating three lots of embryos per animal. Each animal was its own control for the evaluation of the effects of age. The EmbryoGENE platform was used for the assessment of gene expression patterns at the blastocyst stage. Embryos from animals at 8 vs 14 months and at 11 vs 14 months were used for microarray hybridization. Validation was done by performing RT-qPCR on seven candidate genes. Age-related contrast analysis (8 vs 14 mo and 11 vs 14 mo) identified 242 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) for the first contrast, and 296 for the second. The analysis of the molecular and biological functions of the DEGs suggests a metabolic cause to explain the differences that are observed between embryos from immature and adult subjects. The mTOR and PPAR signaling pathways, as well as the NRF2-mediated oxidative stress response pathways were among the gene expression pathways affected by donor age. In conclusion, the main differences between embryos produced at peri-pubertal ages are related to metabolic conditions resulting in a higher impact of in vitro conditions on blastocyts from younger heifers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Léonie Morin-Doré
- Centre de recherche en reproduction, développement et santé intergénérationnelle (CRDSI), Département des Sciences Animales, Faculté des Sciences de l'Agriculture et de l'Alimentation, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
| | | | | | | | | | - Marc-André Sirard
- Centre de recherche en reproduction, développement et santé intergénérationnelle (CRDSI), Département des Sciences Animales, Faculté des Sciences de l'Agriculture et de l'Alimentation, Université Laval, Québec, Canada.
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36
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Abstract
Pluripotency is a state that exists transiently in the early embryo and, remarkably, can be recapitulated in vitro by deriving embryonic stem cells or by reprogramming somatic cells to become induced pluripotent stem cells. The state of pluripotency, which is stabilized by an interconnected network of pluripotency-associated genes, integrates external signals and exerts control over the decision between self-renewal and differentiation at the transcriptional, post-transcriptional and epigenetic levels. Recent evidence of alternative pluripotency states indicates the regulatory flexibility of this network. Insights into the underlying principles of the pluripotency network may provide unprecedented opportunities for studying development and for regenerative medicine.
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37
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Jin J, Liu J, Chen C, Liu Z, Jiang C, Chu H, Pan W, Wang X, Zhang L, Li B, Jiang C, Ge X, Xie X, Wang P. The deubiquitinase USP21 maintains the stemness of mouse embryonic stem cells via stabilization of Nanog. Nat Commun 2016; 7:13594. [PMID: 27886188 PMCID: PMC5133637 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms13594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2015] [Accepted: 10/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanog is a master pluripotency factor of embryonic stem cells (ESCs). Stable expression of Nanog is essential to maintain the stemness of ESCs. However, Nanog is a short-lived protein and quickly degraded by the ubiquitin-dependent proteasome system. Here we report that the deubiquitinase USP21 interacts with, deubiquitinates and stabilizes Nanog, and therefore maintains the protein level of Nanog in mouse ESCs (mESCs). Loss of USP21 results in Nanog degradation, mESCs differentiation and reduces somatic cell reprogramming efficiency. USP21 is a transcriptional target of the LIF/STAT3 pathway and is downregulated upon differentiation. Moreover, differentiation cues promote ERK-mediated phosphorylation and dissociation of USP21 from Nanog, thus leading to Nanog degradation. In addition, USP21 is recruited to gene promoters by Nanog to deubiquitinate histone H2A at K119 and thus facilitates Nanog-mediated gene expression. Together, our findings provide a regulatory mechanism by which extrinsic signals regulate mESC fate via deubiquitinating Nanog. Nanog regulates embryonic stem cell (ESC) pluripotency but what controls Nanog protein stability is unclear. Here, the authors show that in mouse ESCs, Nanog protein is ubiquitinated and stabilized by the deubiquitinase USP21, which in turn is regulated by extrinsic signals, STAT3 and ERK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiali Jin
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Jian Liu
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, National Center for Drug Screening, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Cong Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Zhenping Liu
- Department of Central Laboratory, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Cong Jiang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Hongshang Chu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Weijuan Pan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Xinbo Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Lingqiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Bin Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Unit of Molecular Immunology, Institute Pasteur of Shanghai, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Cizhong Jiang
- Department of Central Laboratory, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Xin Ge
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Xin Xie
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, National Center for Drug Screening, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ping Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China.,Department of Central Laboratory, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China
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38
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Kong QR, Xie BT, Zhang H, Li JY, Huang TQ, Wei RY, Liu ZH. RE1-silencing Transcription Factor (REST) Is Required for Nuclear Reprogramming by Inhibiting Transforming Growth Factor β Signaling Pathway. J Biol Chem 2016; 291:27334-27342. [PMID: 27821591 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.743849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2016] [Revised: 10/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Differentiated cells can be reprogrammed by transcription factors, and these factors that are responsible for successful reprogramming need to be further identified. Here, we show that the neuronal repressor RE1-silencing transcription factor (REST) is rich in porcine oocytes and requires for nuclear transfer (NT)-mediated reprogramming through inhibiting TGFβ signaling pathway. REST was dramatically degraded after oocyte activation, but the residual REST was incorporated into the transferred donor nuclei during reprogramming in NT embryos. Inhibition of REST function in oocytes compromised the development of NT embryos but not that of IVF and PA embryos. Bioinformation analysis of putative targets of REST indicated that REST might function on reprogramming in NT embryos by inhibiting TGFβ pathway. Further results showed that the developmental failure of REST-inhibited NT embryos could be rescued by treatment of SB431542, an inhibitor of TGFβ pathway. Thus, REST is a newly discovered transcription factor that is required for NT-mediated nuclear reprogramming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Ran Kong
- From the Key Laboratory of Animal Cell and Genetics Engineering of Heilongjiang Province, College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Bing-Teng Xie
- From the Key Laboratory of Animal Cell and Genetics Engineering of Heilongjiang Province, College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Heng Zhang
- From the Key Laboratory of Animal Cell and Genetics Engineering of Heilongjiang Province, College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Jing-Yu Li
- From the Key Laboratory of Animal Cell and Genetics Engineering of Heilongjiang Province, College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Tian-Qing Huang
- From the Key Laboratory of Animal Cell and Genetics Engineering of Heilongjiang Province, College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Ren-Yue Wei
- From the Key Laboratory of Animal Cell and Genetics Engineering of Heilongjiang Province, College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Zhong-Hua Liu
- From the Key Laboratory of Animal Cell and Genetics Engineering of Heilongjiang Province, College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
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39
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Yu SJ, Kim HJ, Lee ES, Park CG, Cho SJ, Jeon SH. β-Catenin Accumulation Is Associated With Increased Expression of Nanog Protein and Predicts Maintenance of MSC Self-Renewal. Cell Transplant 2016; 26:365-377. [PMID: 27684957 DOI: 10.3727/096368916x693040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) are self-renewing cells with the ability to differentiate into organized, functional network of cells. Recent studies have revealed that activation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway by a glycogen synthase kinase (GSK)-3-specific pharmacological inhibitor, Bio, results in the maintenance of self-renewal in both mouse and human ES cells. The molecular mechanism behind the maintenance of hMSCs by these factors, however, is not fully understood. We found that rEGF enhances the level of β-catenin, a component of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Furthermore, it was found that β-catenin upregulates Nanog. EGF activates the β-catenin pathway via the Ras protein and also increased the Nanog protein and gene expression levels 2 h after rEGF treatment. These results suggest that adding EGF can enhance β-catenin and Nanog expression in MSCs and facilitate EGF-mediated maintenance of MSC self-renewal. EGF was shown to augment MSC proliferation while preserving early progenitors within MSC population and thus did not induce differentiation. Thus, EGF not only can be used to expand MSC in vitro but also be utilized to autologous transplantation of MSCs in vivo.
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40
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Wang G, Yin T, Wang Y. In vitro and in vivo assessment of high-dose vitamin C against murine tumors. Exp Ther Med 2016; 12:3058-3062. [PMID: 27882116 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2016.3707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2015] [Accepted: 07/21/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitamin C is widely used in clinical settings and is well known for its safety. Previous studies have shown the efficacy of intravenous vitamin C; however, intratumoral delivery of vitamin C has yet to be attempted. In the present study, the biological effects of high-dose vitamin C on tumor cells were investigated in vitro by using the MTT assay and flow cytometry. When administered in vitro, high-dose vitamin C inhibited the proliferation of murine colon and breast cancer cells, and induced tumor cell apoptosis. Cytotoxicity of vitamin C was partially reversed by N-acetyl-cysteine at a relatively low dosage. In addition, synergistic anti-tumor effects of vitamin C and cisplatin were observed. In vivo, intratumoral delivery of vitamin C delayed tumor growth in murine solid tumor models. Considering its low toxicity and availability, the present study indicates that vitamin C may be a novel therapeutic method for patients with advanced tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Tao Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Yongsheng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
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41
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Kirschner G, Balla B, Horváth P, Kövesdi A, Lakatos G, Takács I, Nagy Z, Tóbiás B, Árvai K, Kósa JP, Lakatos P. Effects of imatinib and nilotinib on the whole transcriptome of cultured murine osteoblasts. Mol Med Rep 2016; 14:2025-37. [PMID: 27430367 PMCID: PMC4991674 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2016.5459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2016] [Accepted: 06/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous clinical observations have confirmed that breakpoint cluster region-abelson fusion oncoprotein tyrosine kinase inhibitors used in leukemia treatment alter bone physiology in a complex manner. The aim of the present study was to analyze the whole transcriptome of cultured murine osteoblasts and determine the changes following treatment with imatinib and nilotinib using Sequencing by Oligonucleotide Ligation and Detection next generation RNA sequencing. This study also aimed to identify candidate signaling pathways and network regulators by multivariate Ingenuity Pathway Analysis. Based on the right-tailed Fisher's exact test, significantly altered pathways including upstream regulators were defined for each drug. The correlation between these pathways and bone metabolism was also examined. The preliminary results suggest the two drugs have different mechanisms of action on osteoblasts, and imatinib was shown to have a greater effect on gene expression. Data also indicated the potential role of a number of genes and signaling cascades that may contribute to identifying novel targets for the treatment of metabolic bone diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gyöngyi Kirschner
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1083 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Bernadett Balla
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1083 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Péter Horváth
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1083 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Andrea Kövesdi
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1083 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gergely Lakatos
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1083 Budapest, Hungary
| | - István Takács
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1083 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zsolt Nagy
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1083 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Bálint Tóbiás
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1083 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Kristóf Árvai
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1083 Budapest, Hungary
| | - János Pál Kósa
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1083 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Péter Lakatos
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1083 Budapest, Hungary
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Hayashi S, Akiyama R, Wong J, Tahara N, Kawakami H, Kawakami Y. Gata6-Dependent GLI3 Repressor Function is Essential in Anterior Limb Progenitor Cells for Proper Limb Development. PLoS Genet 2016; 12:e1006138. [PMID: 27352137 PMCID: PMC4924869 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1006138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2016] [Accepted: 05/31/2016] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Gli3 is a major regulator of Hedgehog signaling during limb development. In the anterior mesenchyme, GLI3 is proteolytically processed into GLI3R, a truncated repressor form that inhibits Hedgehog signaling. Although numerous studies have identified mechanisms that regulate Gli3 function in vitro, it is not completely understood how Gli3 function is regulated in vivo. In this study, we show a novel mechanism of regulation of GLI3R activities in limb buds by Gata6, a member of the GATA transcription factor family. We show that conditional inactivation of Gata6 prior to limb outgrowth by the Tcre deleter causes preaxial polydactyly, the formation of an anterior extra digit, in hindlimbs. A recent study suggested that Gata6 represses Shh transcription in hindlimb buds. However, we found that ectopic Hedgehog signaling precedes ectopic Shh expression. In conjunction, we observed Gata6 and Gli3 genetically interact, and compound heterozygous mutants develop preaxial polydactyly without ectopic Shh expression, indicating an additional prior mechanism to prevent polydactyly. These results support the idea that Gata6 possesses dual roles during limb development: enhancement of Gli3 repressor function to repress Hedgehog signaling in the anterior limb bud, and negative regulation of Shh expression. Our in vitro and in vivo studies identified that GATA6 physically interacts with GLI3R to facilitate nuclear localization of GLI3R and repressor activities of GLI3R. Both the genetic and biochemical data elucidates a novel mechanism by Gata6 to regulate GLI3R activities in the anterior limb progenitor cells to prevent polydactyly and attain proper development of the mammalian autopod. Gli3 is a major regulator of Hedgehog signaling in the limb, where Gli3 counteracts Sonic hedgehog (Shh) for patterning and proliferative expansion of limb progenitor cells. In the anterior limb mesenchyme, GLI3 is proteolytically processed into GLI3R, a truncated repressor form that inhibits Hedgehog signaling. In this study, we show a novel mechanism of regulation of GLI3R activities in limb buds by Gata6, a member of GATA transcription factor family. Conditional inactivation of Gata6 in mice caused formation of an extra digit in the anterior hindlimbs, a common congenital limb malformation. This phenotype was associated with ectopic Hedgehog signaling activation, and later ectopic Shh expression, in the anterior of hindlimb buds. We show that Gata6; Gli3 compound heterozygous mutants developed anterior extradigit without ectopic Shh expression, indicating there to be an additional and prior mechanism before ectopic Shh activation that induces extradigit formation. We identified that GATA6 physically interacts with GLI3R and that the interaction facilitates nuclear localization of GLI3R and repressor activities of GLI3R. Therefore, our study identified a novel mechanism by Gata6 to regulate GLI3R activities in the anterior limb mesenchyme to prevent extra digit formation and proper development of the mammalian autopod.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinichi Hayashi
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
- Stem Cell Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Ryutaro Akiyama
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
- Stem Cell Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Julia Wong
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Naoyuki Tahara
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
- Stem Cell Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Hiroko Kawakami
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
- Stem Cell Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Yasuhiko Kawakami
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
- Stem Cell Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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43
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Guo C, Xue Y, Yang G, Yin S, Shi W, Cheng Y, Yan X, Fan S, Zhang H, Zeng F. Nanog RNA-binding proteins YBX1 and ILF3 affect pluripotency of embryonic stem cells. Cell Biol Int 2016; 40:847-60. [PMID: 26289635 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.10539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2015] [Accepted: 08/15/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Nanog is a well-known transcription factor that plays a fundamental role in stem cell self-renewal and the maintenance of their pluripotent cell identity. There remains a large data gap with respect to the spectrum of the key pluripotency transcription factors' interaction partners. Limited information is available concerning Nanog-associated RNA-binding proteins (RBPs), and the intrinsic protein-RNA interactions characteristic of the regulatory activities of Nanog. Herein, we used an improved affinity protocol to purify Nanog-interacting RBPs from mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs), and 49 RBPs of Nanog were identified. Among them, the interaction of YBX1 and ILF3 with Nanog mRNA was further confirmed by in vitro assays, such as Western blot, RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP), and ex vivo methods, such as immunofluorescence staining and fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH), MS2 in vivo biotin-tagged RNA affinity purification (MS2-BioTRAP). Interestingly, RNAi studies revealed that YBX1 and ILF3 positively affected the expression of Nanog and other pluripotency-related genes. Particularly, downregulation of YBX1 or ILF3 resulted in high expression of mesoderm markers. Thus, a reduction in the expression of YBX1 and ILF3 controls the expression of pluripotency-related genes in ESCs, suggesting their roles in further regulation of the pluripotent state of ESCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanliang Guo
- Shanghai Institute of Medical Genetics, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Medical Science, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Embryo Molecular Biology, Ministry of Health of China and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo and Reproduction Engineering, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Xue
- Shanghai Institute of Medical Genetics, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Medical Science, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Embryo Molecular Biology, Ministry of Health of China and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo and Reproduction Engineering, Shanghai, China
| | - Guanheng Yang
- Shanghai Institute of Medical Genetics, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Embryo Molecular Biology, Ministry of Health of China and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo and Reproduction Engineering, Shanghai, China
| | - Shang Yin
- Institute of Medical Science, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wansheng Shi
- Institute of Medical Science, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Cheng
- Institute of Medical Science, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoshuang Yan
- Shanghai Institute of Medical Genetics, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Medical Science, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Embryo Molecular Biology, Ministry of Health of China and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo and Reproduction Engineering, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuyue Fan
- Institute of Medical Science, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huijun Zhang
- Institute of Medical Science, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fanyi Zeng
- Shanghai Institute of Medical Genetics, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Medical Science, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Embryo Molecular Biology, Ministry of Health of China and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo and Reproduction Engineering, Shanghai, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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44
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Yin Yang 1 is associated with cancer stem cell transcription factors (SOX2, OCT4, BMI1) and clinical implication. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2016; 35:84. [PMID: 27225481 PMCID: PMC4881184 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-016-0359-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2016] [Accepted: 05/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The transcription factor Yin Yang 1 (YY1) is frequently overexpressed in cancerous tissues compared to normal tissues and has regulatory roles in cell proliferation, cell viability, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, metastasis and drug/immune resistance. YY1 shares many properties with cancer stem cells (CSCs) that drive tumorigenesis, metastasis and drug resistance and are regulated by overexpression of certain transcription factors, including SOX2, OCT4 (POU5F1), BMI1 and NANOG. Based on these similarities, it was expected that YY1 expression would be associated with SOX2, OCT4, BMI1, and NANOG’s expressions and activities. Data mining from the proteomic tissue-based datasets from the Human Protein Atlas were used for protein expression patterns of YY1 and the four CSC markers in 17 types of cancer, including both solid and hematological malignancies. A close association was revealed between the frequency of expressions of YY1 and SOX2 as well as SOX2 and OCT4 in all cancers analyzed. Two types of dynamics were identified based on the nature of their association, namely, inverse or direct, between YY1 and SOX2. These two dynamics define distinctive patterns of BMI1 and OCT4 expressions. The relationship between YY1 and SOX2 expressions as well as the expressions of BMI1 and OCT4 resulted in the classification of four groups of cancers with distinct molecular signatures: 1) Prostate, lung, cervical, endometrial, ovarian and glioma cancers (YY1loSOX2hiBMI1hiOCT4hi) 2) Skin, testis and breast cancers (YY1hiSOX2loBMI1hiOCT4hi) 3) Liver, stomach, renal, pancreatic and urothelial cancers (YY1loSOX2loBMI1hiOCT4hi) and 4) Colorectal cancer, lymphoma and melanoma (YY1hiSOX2hiBMI1loOCT4hi). A regulatory loop is proposed consisting of the cross-talk between the NF-kB/PI3K/AKT pathways and the downstream inter-regulation of target gene products YY1, OCT4, SOX2 and BMI1.
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45
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Falodah FA, Al-Karim S. Immuno- and gene expression analysis of EGFR and Nestin during mice skin development. Tissue Cell 2016; 48:274-81. [PMID: 27105606 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2016.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2015] [Revised: 01/22/2016] [Accepted: 02/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Skin stem cell populations reside in the adult hair follicle, sebaceous gland, dermis and epidermis. However, the origin of most of the stem cell populations found in the adult epidermis is still unknown. Far more unknown is the embryonic origin of other stem cells that populate the other layers of this tissue. OBJECTIVES The main objectives of the present study were to identify the precise anatomical localization of stem cells in mice during skin developing; and to determine the expression levels by using immuno- and gene expression analysis. SUBJECTS AND METHODS In this comparative cross sectional study, six ages been chosen and divided into: embryonic days (E12.5, E14.5 and E19.5) and litter days (L7, L14 and L19). Skin were removed from the back side and processed to assess both immuno- and gene-expression of EGFR and Nestin surface antigen markers. Data of the different studied age groups was compared using the SPSS software. RESULTS EGFR was mainly expressed in the outer root sheath (ORS), in basal and, to a lesser extent, in suprabasal keratinocytes and tend to lie where the dermis comes closest to the skin surface, while Nestin expressed throughout the dermis in the early embryo, but it is subsequently restricted to the follicular connective tissue sheaths later in development and to hair follicles after birth. Immunoexpression analysis showed a strong EGFR expression in all group ages except E12.5 which recorded as moderate, while Nestin showed strong expression level for all embryonic stages, while in the litters it was moderate. The qRT-PCR results were consistent with those of the immunohistochemical study. The Pearson correlation analyze present a correlation between the cases of study with age (p≤0.01), which indicated to the effect of age to mice development. CONCLUSION EGFR and Nestin showed to have vital role during mice development, and considered to be suitable markers for the study of skin stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fawaz Adnan Falodah
- Biology Department, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Saleh Al-Karim
- Biology Department, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Embryonic Stem Cell Unit, King Fahad Center for Medical Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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46
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Bone morphogenetic protein signaling in musculoskeletal cancer. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2016; 142:2061-72. [PMID: 27043154 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-016-2149-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2015] [Accepted: 03/17/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) belong to the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) superfamily of proteins; they were initially named after their ability to induce ectopic bone formation. Published studies have proved BMPs' role in a variety of biological processes such as embryogenesis and patterning of body axes, and maintaining adult tissue homeostasis. Other studies have focused on BMPs properties, functions and possible involvement in skeletal diseases, including cancer. METHODS A literature search mainly paying attention to the role of BMPs in musculoskeletal tumors was performed in electronic databases. RESULTS This article discusses BMPs synthesis and signaling, and summarizes their prominent roles in the skeletal system for the differentiation of osteoblasts, osteocytes and chondrocytes. CONCLUSIONS The review emphasizes on the role of BMP signaling in the initiation and progression of musculoskeletal cancer.
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47
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Activation of the Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase Signaling Is Critical for Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cell Osteogenic Differentiation. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 2016:3764372. [PMID: 26989682 PMCID: PMC4771893 DOI: 10.1155/2016/3764372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2015] [Revised: 01/15/2016] [Accepted: 01/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUCMSCs) are recognized as candidate progenitor cells for bone regeneration. However, the mechanism of hUCMSC osteogenesis remains unclear. In this study, we revealed that mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) signaling is involved in hUCMSC osteogenic differentiation in vitro. Particularly, the activation of c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNK) and p38 signaling pathways maintained a consistent level in hUCMSCs through the entire 21-day osteogenic differentiation period. At the same time, the activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK) signaling significantly increased from day 5, peaked at day 9, and declined thereafter. Moreover, gene profiling of osteogenic markers, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity measurement, and alizarin red staining demonstrated that the application of U0126, a specific inhibitor for ERK activation, completely prohibited hUCMSC osteogenic differentiation. However, when U0126 was removed from the culture at day 9, ERK activation and osteogenic differentiation of hUCMSCs were partially recovered. Together, these findings demonstrate that the activation of ERK signaling is essential for hUCMSC osteogenic differentiation, which points out the significance of ERK signaling pathway to regulate the osteogenic differentiation of hUCMSCs as an alternative cell source for bone tissue engineering.
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48
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Wang X, Wang Y, Zuo Q, Li D, Zhang W, Lian C, Tang B, Xiao T, Wang M, Wang K, Li B, Zhang Y. The synergistic effect of 5Azadc and TSA on maintenance of pluripotency of chicken ESCs by overexpression of NANOG gene. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2016; 52:488-96. [PMID: 26822431 DOI: 10.1007/s11626-015-9993-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2015] [Accepted: 12/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
NANOG is a transcription factor that functions in embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and a key factor in maintaining pluripotency. Here, we cloned the NANOG gene promoter from the Rugao yellow chicken and constructed a dual luciferase reporter vector to detect its transcriptional activity and analyze the effects of 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine (5-Azadc) and trichostatin A (TSA) on NANOG promoter activity and ESC pluripotency maintenance in vitro. NANOG transcriptional activity was enhanced when 5-Azadc and TSA were used alone or together, suggesting the possibility of elevated methylation of the CpG island in the NANOG regulatory region. When ESCs were cultured in basic medium with 5-Azadc and TSA in vitro, significantly more cell colonies were maintained in the 5-Azadc + TSA group than in the control group, which had many differentiated cells and few cell colonies after 6 d of induction. On the tenth day of induction, the cells in the control group fully differentiated and no cell colonies remained, but many cell colonies were present in the 5-Azadc + TSA group. The expression of NANOG in the cell colonies was confirmed by indirect immunofluorescence. Furthermore, ESCs could be passaged to the 12th generation under 5-Azadc and TSA treatment and maintained their pluripotency. Thus, we showed that 5-Azadc and TSA can effectively maintain chicken ESC pluripotency in vitro by increasing NANOG gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics, Breeding, Reproduction and Molecular Design of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingjie Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics, Breeding, Reproduction and Molecular Design of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Qisheng Zuo
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics, Breeding, Reproduction and Molecular Design of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics, Breeding, Reproduction and Molecular Design of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenhui Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics, Breeding, Reproduction and Molecular Design of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Lian
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics, Breeding, Reproduction and Molecular Design of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Beibei Tang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics, Breeding, Reproduction and Molecular Design of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianrong Xiao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics, Breeding, Reproduction and Molecular Design of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Man Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics, Breeding, Reproduction and Molecular Design of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Kehua Wang
- Poultry Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yangzhou, 225125, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Bichun Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China. .,Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics, Breeding, Reproduction and Molecular Design of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yani Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China. .,Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics, Breeding, Reproduction and Molecular Design of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China.
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49
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Li Q, Lex RK, Chung H, Giovanetti SM, Ji Z, Ji H, Person MD, Kim J, Vokes SA. The Pluripotency Factor NANOG Binds to GLI Proteins and Represses Hedgehog-mediated Transcription. J Biol Chem 2016; 291:7171-82. [PMID: 26797124 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.714857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The Hedgehog (HH) signaling pathway is essential for the maintenance and response of several types of stem cells. To study the transcriptional response of stem cells to HH signaling, we searched for proteins binding to GLI proteins, the transcriptional effectors of the HH pathway in mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells. We found that both GLI3 and GLI1 bind to the pluripotency factor NANOG. The ectopic expression of NANOG inhibits GLI1-mediated transcriptional responses in a dose-dependent fashion. In differentiating ES cells, the presence of NANOG reduces the transcriptional response of cells to HH. Finally, we found thatGli1andNanogare co-expressed in ES cells at high levels. We propose that NANOG acts as a negative feedback component that provides stem cell-specific regulation of the HH pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Li
- From the Department of Molecular Biosciences, Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology, and
| | - Rachel K Lex
- From the Department of Molecular Biosciences, Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology, and
| | - HaeWon Chung
- From the Department of Molecular Biosciences, Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology, and
| | - Simone M Giovanetti
- From the Department of Molecular Biosciences, Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology, and
| | - Zhicheng Ji
- Department of Biostatistics, The Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21205
| | - Hongkai Ji
- Department of Biostatistics, The Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21205
| | - Maria D Person
- Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology, and Proteomics Facility, The University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712 and
| | - Jonghwan Kim
- From the Department of Molecular Biosciences, Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology, and
| | - Steven A Vokes
- From the Department of Molecular Biosciences, Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology, and
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50
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Wymeersch FJ, Huang Y, Blin G, Cambray N, Wilkie R, Wong FCK, Wilson V. Position-dependent plasticity of distinct progenitor types in the primitive streak. eLife 2016; 5:e10042. [PMID: 26780186 PMCID: PMC4798969 DOI: 10.7554/elife.10042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2015] [Accepted: 01/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The rostrocaudal (head-to-tail) axis is supplied by populations of progenitors at the caudal end of the embryo. Despite recent advances characterising one of these populations, the neuromesodermal progenitors, their nature and relationship to other populations remains unclear. Here we show that neuromesodermal progenitors are a single Sox2lowTlow entity whose choice of neural or mesodermal fate is dictated by their position in the progenitor region. The choice of mesoderm fate is Wnt/β-catenin dependent. Wnt/β-catenin signalling is also required for a previously unrecognised phase of progenitor expansion during mid-trunk formation. Lateral/ventral mesoderm progenitors represent a distinct committed state that is unable to differentiate to neural fates, even upon overexpression of the neural transcription factor Sox2. They do not require Wnt/β-catenin signalling for mesoderm differentiation. This information aids the correct interpretation of in vivo genetic studies and the development of in vitro protocols for generating physiologically-relevant cell populations of clinical interest. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.10042.001 Our bodies, like those of all animals with a backbone, form during embryo development in a head-to-tail sequence. This process is fuelled by populations of proliferating cells called progenitor cells, which are found in an early embryonic structure called the primitive streak, and later at the tail-end of the embryo. One of these populations – known as the neuromesodermal progenitors (or NMPs) – produces the animal’s spinal cord, muscle and bone tissue. However, it is not clear how this cell population is maintained or what triggers these cells to specialise into the correct cell type. It is even unclear whether NMPs are a single cell type or a collection of several types of progenitor, each with a slightly different propensity to make spinal cord or muscle and bone. Answering these questions could inform the future development of cell-replacement therapies for conditions such as spinal injuries. Wymeersch et al. used a range of techniques to identify, map the fate, and assess the developmental potential of progenitors in the primitive streak. This revealed fine-grained differences in the fates adopted by cells in the progenitor region. However, these regional differences were found to result from the progenitor cells’ extensive ability to respond to signals they receive from their environment, rather than being hard-wired into the progenitor cells. In fact, Wymeersch et al. detected only two distinct cell types: the NMPs and a new cell population termed lateral/paraxial mesoderm progenitors (or LPMPs), which, unlike NMPs, do not form nerve cells. Further experiments investigated the molecular signals present in the environment of these progenitors that help to decide their fate. NMPs respond to an important developmental signal, called Wnt, by adopting a so-called mesoderm fate. This signal also induces NMPs to undergo a previously unknown phase of proliferation during the formation of the animal’s body. LPMPs, on the other hand, do not require Wnt to form mesoderm. These findings show that studies with embryos can identify new progenitor populations that might be clinically relevant, and reveal new ways in which a cell’s environment inside an embryo can determine its fate. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.10042.002
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Affiliation(s)
- Filip J Wymeersch
- MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Stem Cell Research, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Yali Huang
- MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Stem Cell Research, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Guillaume Blin
- MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Stem Cell Research, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Noemí Cambray
- MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Stem Cell Research, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Ron Wilkie
- MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Stem Cell Research, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Frederick C K Wong
- MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Stem Cell Research, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Valerie Wilson
- MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Stem Cell Research, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
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