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Fuenzalida G, Yarimizu K, Norambuena L, Fujiyoshi S, Perera IU, Rilling JI, Campos M, Ruiz-Gil T, Vilugrón J, Sandoval-Sanhueza A, Ortiz M, Espinoza-González O, Guzmán L, Acuña JJ, Jorquera MA, Maruyama F. Environmental evaluation of the Reloncaví estuary in southern Chile based on lipophilic shellfish toxins as related to harmful algal blooms. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 928:172374. [PMID: 38615760 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
The Reloncaví estuary in southern Chile is famous for its aquaculture. However, recurring harmful algal blooms have adversely affected mussel production. Therefore, regular monitoring of algal toxins is urgently needed to better understand the contamination status of the estuary. In this study, we quantified 15 types of lipophilic shellfish toxins in Metri Bay in the Reloncaví estuary on a biweekly basis for 4 years. We identified algal species using microscopy and metabarcoding analysis. We also measured water temperature, salinity, chlorophyll-a, and dissolved oxygen to determine the potential relationships of these parameters with algal toxin production. Our results revealed the presence of a trace amount of pectenotoxin and the causal phytoplankton Dinophysis, as well as yessotoxin and the causal phytoplankton Protoceratium. Statistical analysis indicated that fluctuations in water temperature affected the detection of these toxins. Additionally, metabarcoding analysis detected the highly toxic phytoplankton Alexandrium spp. in some samples. Although our results suggest that the level of lipophilic shellfish toxins in Metri Bay during the study period was insignificantly low using our current LC-MS method, the confirmed presence of highly toxic algae in Metri Bay raises concerns, given that favorable environmental conditions could cause blooms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gonzalo Fuenzalida
- Centro de Estudios de Algas Nocivas (CREAN), Instituto de Fomento Pesquero (IFOP), Padre Harter 547, Puerto Montt 5480000, Chile; Departamento de Ciencias Basicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Santo Tomas, Buena Vecindad #91, Puerto Montt 5480000, Chile.
| | - Kyoko Yarimizu
- Microbial Genomics and Ecology, The IDEC Institute, Hiroshima University, 1-3-2 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima City, Hiroshima 739-8511, Japan.
| | - Luis Norambuena
- Centro de Estudios de Algas Nocivas (CREAN), Instituto de Fomento Pesquero (IFOP), Padre Harter 547, Puerto Montt 5480000, Chile.
| | - So Fujiyoshi
- Microbial Genomics and Ecology, The IDEC Institute, Hiroshima University, 1-3-2 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima City, Hiroshima 739-8511, Japan.
| | - Ishara Uhanie Perera
- Microbial Genomics and Ecology, The IDEC Institute, Hiroshima University, 1-3-2 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima City, Hiroshima 739-8511, Japan.
| | - Joaquin-Ignacio Rilling
- Laboratorio de Ecología Microbiana Aplicada (EMALAB), Departamento de Ciencias Quimicas y Recursos Naturales, Universidad de La Frontera, Ave. Francisco Salazar 01145, Temuco 4780000, Chile.
| | - Marco Campos
- Laboratorio de Ecología Microbiana Aplicada (EMALAB), Departamento de Ciencias Quimicas y Recursos Naturales, Universidad de La Frontera, Ave. Francisco Salazar 01145, Temuco 4780000, Chile; Laboratorio de Investigación en Salud de Precisión, Departamento de Procesos Diagnósticos y Evaluación, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Católica de Temuco, Manuel Montt 056, Temuco 4780000, Chile
| | - Tay Ruiz-Gil
- Laboratorio de Ecología Microbiana Aplicada (EMALAB), Departamento de Ciencias Quimicas y Recursos Naturales, Universidad de La Frontera, Ave. Francisco Salazar 01145, Temuco 4780000, Chile
| | - Jonnathan Vilugrón
- Centro de Estudios de Algas Nocivas (CREAN), Instituto de Fomento Pesquero (IFOP), Padre Harter 547, Puerto Montt 5480000, Chile.
| | - Alondra Sandoval-Sanhueza
- Centro de Estudios de Algas Nocivas (CREAN), Instituto de Fomento Pesquero (IFOP), Padre Harter 547, Puerto Montt 5480000, Chile
| | - Mario Ortiz
- Centro de Estudios de Algas Nocivas (CREAN), Instituto de Fomento Pesquero (IFOP), Padre Harter 547, Puerto Montt 5480000, Chile
| | - Oscar Espinoza-González
- Centro de Estudios de Algas Nocivas (CREAN), Instituto de Fomento Pesquero (IFOP), Padre Harter 547, Puerto Montt 5480000, Chile.
| | - Leonardo Guzmán
- Centro de Estudios de Algas Nocivas (CREAN), Instituto de Fomento Pesquero (IFOP), Padre Harter 547, Puerto Montt 5480000, Chile.
| | - Jacqueline J Acuña
- Laboratorio de Ecología Microbiana Aplicada (EMALAB), Departamento de Ciencias Quimicas y Recursos Naturales, Universidad de La Frontera, Ave. Francisco Salazar 01145, Temuco 4780000, Chile.
| | - Milko A Jorquera
- Laboratorio de Ecología Microbiana Aplicada (EMALAB), Departamento de Ciencias Quimicas y Recursos Naturales, Universidad de La Frontera, Ave. Francisco Salazar 01145, Temuco 4780000, Chile.
| | - Fumito Maruyama
- Microbial Genomics and Ecology, The IDEC Institute, Hiroshima University, 1-3-2 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima City, Hiroshima 739-8511, Japan.
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Mondal M, Zhang T. Bloom dynamics under the effects of periodic driving forces. Math Biosci 2024; 372:109202. [PMID: 38692481 DOI: 10.1016/j.mbs.2024.109202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
Phytoplankton bloom received considerable attention for many decades. Different approaches have been used to explain the bloom phenomena. In this paper, we study a Nutrient-Phytoplankton-Zooplankton (NPZ) model consisting of a periodic driving force in the growth rate of phytoplankton due to solar radiation and analyse the dynamics of the corresponding autonomous and non-autonomous systems in different parametric regions. Then we introduce a novel aspect to extend the model by incorporating another periodic driving force into the growth term of the phytoplankton due to sea surface temperature (SST), a key point of innovation. Temperature dependency of the maximum growth rate (μmax) of the phytoplankton is modelled by the well-known Q10 formulation: [Formula: see text] , where μ0 is maximum growth at 0oC. Stability conditions for all three equilibrium points are expressed in terms of the new parameter ρ2, which appears due to the incorporation of periodic driving forces. System dynamics is explored through a detailed bifurcation analysis, both mathematically and numerically, with respect to the light and temperature dependent phytoplankton growth response. Bloom phenomenon is explained by the saddle point bloom mechanism even when the co-existing equilibrium point does not exist for some values of ρ2. Solar radiation and SST are modelled using sinusoidal functions constructed from satellite data. Our results of the proposed model describe the initiation of the phytoplankton bloom better than an existing model for the region 25-35° W, 40-45° N of the North Atlantic Ocean. An improvement of 14 days (approximately) is observed in the bloom initiation time. The rate of change method (ROC) is applied to predict the bloom initiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milton Mondal
- Department of Mathematics, Swinburne University of Technology, John Street, Hawthorn, 3122, VIC, Australia; Department of Mathematics, Indian Institute Of Technology, Madras, Chennai, 600036, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Tonghua Zhang
- Department of Mathematics, Swinburne University of Technology, John Street, Hawthorn, 3122, VIC, Australia.
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3
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Hall AJ, Kershaw JL, Fraser S, Davidson K, Rowland-Pilgrim S, Turner AD, McConnell B. Estimating the risks of exposure to harmful algal toxins among Scottish harbour seals. HARMFUL ALGAE 2024; 136:102653. [PMID: 38876527 DOI: 10.1016/j.hal.2024.102653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024]
Abstract
Harmful algal bloom (HAB) toxins consumed by marine predators through fish prey can be lethal but studies on the resulting population consequences are lacking. Over the past approximately 20 years there have been large regional declines in some harbour seal populations around Scotland. Analyses of excreta (faeces and urine from live and dead seals and faecal samples from seal haulout sites) suggest widespread exposure to toxins through the ingestion of contaminated prey. A risk assessment model, incorporating concentrations of the two major HAB toxins found in seal prey around Scotland (domoic acid (DA), and saxitoxins (STX)), the seasonal persistence of the toxins in the fish and the foraging patterns of harbour seals were used to estimate the proportion of adults and juveniles likely to have ingested doses above various estimated toxicity thresholds. The results were highly dependent on toxin type, persistence, and foraging regime as well as age class, all of which affected the proportion of exposed animals exceeding toxicity thresholds. In this preliminary model STX exposure was unlikely to result in mortalities. Modelled DA exposure resulted in doses above an estimated lethal threshold of 1900 µg/kg body mass affecting up to 3.8 % of exposed juveniles and 5.3 % of exposed adults. Given the uncertainty in the model parameters and the limitations of the data these conclusions should be treated with caution, but they indicate that DA remains a potential factor involved in the regional declines of harbour seals. Similar risks may be experienced by other top predators, including small cetaceans and seabirds that feed on similar prey in Scottish waters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ailsa J Hall
- Sea Mammal Research Unit, Scottish Oceans Institute, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, UK, KY16 8LB.
| | - Joanna L Kershaw
- Sea Mammal Research Unit, Scottish Oceans Institute, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, UK, KY16 8LB
| | - Shaun Fraser
- UHI Shetland, University of the Highlands and Islands, Port Arthur, Scalloway, Shetland, UK, ZE1 0UN
| | - Keith Davidson
- Scottish Association for Marine Science, Oban, UK, PA37 1QA
| | - Stephanie Rowland-Pilgrim
- Food Safety Group, Centre for Environment and Fisheries Science (Cefas), Weymouth, Dorset, UK, DT4 8UB
| | - Andrew D Turner
- Food Safety Group, Centre for Environment and Fisheries Science (Cefas), Weymouth, Dorset, UK, DT4 8UB
| | - Bernie McConnell
- Sea Mammal Research Unit, Scottish Oceans Institute, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, UK, KY16 8LB
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4
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Shi X, Zou Y, Zhang Y, Ding G, Xiao Y, Lin S, Chen J. Salinity decline promotes growth and harmful blooms of a toxic alga by diverting carbon flow. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2024; 30:e17348. [PMID: 38822656 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.17348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
Global climate change intensifies the water cycle and makes freshest waters become fresher and vice-versa. But how this change impacts phytoplankton in coastal, particularly harmful algal blooms (HABs), remains poorly understood. Here, we monitored a coastal bay for a decade and found a significant correlation between salinity decline and the increase of Karenia mikimotoi blooms. To examine the physiological linkage between salinity decreases and K. mikimotoi blooms, we compare chemical, physiological and multi-omic profiles of this species in laboratory cultures under high (33) and low (25) salinities. Under low salinity, photosynthetic efficiency and capacity as well as growth rate and cellular protein content were significantly higher than that under high salinity. More strikingly, the omics data show that low salinity activated the glyoxylate shunt to bypass the decarboxylation reaction in the tricarboxylic acid cycle, hence redirecting carbon from CO2 release to biosynthesis. Furthermore, the enhanced glyoxylate cycle could promote hydrogen peroxide metabolism, consistent with the detected decrease in reactive oxygen species. These findings suggest that salinity declines can reprogram metabolism to enhance cell proliferation, thus promoting bloom formation in HAB species like K. mikimotoi, which has important ecological implications for future climate-driven salinity declines in the coastal ocean with respect to HAB outbreaks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinguo Shi
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yazhen Zou
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yingjiao Zhang
- College of Geography and Oceanography, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Guangmao Ding
- Monitoring Center of Marine Environment and Fishery Resources, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yuchun Xiao
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Senjie Lin
- Department of Marine Sciences, University of Connecticut, Groton, Connecticut, USA
| | - Jianfeng Chen
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, China
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5
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Meng R, Du X, Ge K, Wu C, Zhang Z, Liang X, Yang J, Zhang H. Does climate change increase the risk of marine toxins? Insights from changing seawater conditions. Arch Toxicol 2024:10.1007/s00204-024-03784-5. [PMID: 38795135 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-024-03784-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/27/2024]
Abstract
Marine toxins produced by marine organisms threaten human health and impose a heavy public health burden on coastal countries. Lately, there has been an emergence of marine toxins in regions that were previously unaffected, and it is believed that climate change may be a significant factor. This paper systematically summarizes the impact of climate change on the risk of marine toxins in terms of changes in seawater conditions. From our findings, climate change can cause ocean warming, acidification, stratification, and sea-level rise. These climatic events can alter the surface temperature, salinity, pH, and nutrient conditions of seawater, which may promote the growth of various algae and bacteria, facilitating the production of marine toxins. On the other hand, climate change may expand the living ranges of marine organisms (such as algae, bacteria, and fish), thereby exacerbating the production and spread of marine toxins. In addition, the sources, distribution, and toxicity of ciguatoxin, tetrodotoxin, cyclic imines, and microcystin were described to improve public awareness of these emerging marine toxins. Looking ahead, developing interdisciplinary cooperation, strengthening monitoring of emerging marine toxins, and exploring more novel approaches are essential to better address the risks of marine toxins posed by climate change. Altogether, the interrelationships between climate, marine ecology, and marine toxins were analyzed in this study, providing a theoretical basis for preventing and managing future health risks from marine toxins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiyang Meng
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Xingde Du
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Kangfeng Ge
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Chunrui Wu
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Zongxin Zhang
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Xiao Liang
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Jun Yang
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Huizhen Zhang
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.
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6
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Wang C, Wang R, Meng L, Chang W, Chen J, Liu C, Song Y, Ding N, Gao P. A laboratory study of the increasing competitiveness of Karenia mikimotoi under rising CO 2 scenario. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 926:171688. [PMID: 38492606 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
Ocean acidification (OA) driven by elevated carbon dioxide (CO2) levels is expected to disturb marine ecological processes, including the formation and control of harmful algal blooms (HABs). In this study, the effects of rising CO2 on the allelopathic effects of macroalgae Ulva pertusa to a toxic dinoflagellate Karenia mikimotoi were investigated. It was found that high level of CO2 (1000 ppmv) promoted the competitive growth of K. mikimotoi compared to the group of present ambient CO2 level (420ppmv), with the number of algal cell increased from 32.2 × 104 cells/mL to 36.75 × 104 cells/mL after 96 h mono-culture. Additionally, rising CO2 level weakened allelopathic effects of U. pertusa on K. mikimotoi, as demonstrated by the decreased inhibition rate (50.6 % under the original condition VS 34.3 % under the acidified condition after 96 h co-culture) and the decreased reactive oxygen species (ROS) level, malondialdehyde (MDA) content, antioxidant enzymes activity (superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), glutathione reductase (GR) and catalase (CAT) and non-enzymatic antioxidants (glutathione (GSH) and ascorbic acid (ascorbate, vitamin C). Indicators for cell apoptosis of K. mikimotoi including decreased caspase-3 and -9 protease activity were observed when the co-cultured systems were under rising CO2 exposure. Furthermore, high CO2 level disturbed fatty acid synthesis in U. pertusa and significantly decreased the contents of fatty acids with allelopathy, resulting in the allelopathy weakening of U. pertusa. Collectively, rising CO2 level promoted the growth of K. mikimotoi and weakened allelopathic effects of U. pertusa on K. mikimotoi, indicating the increased difficulties in controlling K. mikimotoi using macroalgae in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, Shandong 273165, PR China
| | - Renjun Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, Shandong 273165, PR China.
| | - Lingna Meng
- College of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, Shandong 273165, PR China
| | - Wenjing Chang
- College of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, Shandong 273165, PR China
| | - Junfeng Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, Shandong 273165, PR China
| | - Chunchen Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, Shandong 273165, PR China
| | - Yuhao Song
- College of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, Shandong 273165, PR China
| | - Ning Ding
- College of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, Shandong 273165, PR China
| | - Peike Gao
- College of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, Shandong 273165, PR China.
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Yang Z, Zhu J, Sun S, Deng L, Zhao J, Xu Z. A straightforward approach for the rapid detection of red Noctiluca scintillans blooms from satellite imagery. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2024; 202:116377. [PMID: 38669852 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.116377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Red Noctiluca scintillans (RNS), a prominent species of dinoflagellate known for its conspicuous size and ability to form blooms, exhibits heterotrophic behavior and functions as a microzooplankton grazer within the marine food web. In this study, a straightforward technique referred to as the blue-green index (BGI) has been introduced for the purpose of distinguishing and discerning RNS from neighboring waters, owing to its pronounced absorption in the blue-green spectral range. This method has been applied across a range of satellite imagery, encompassing both multi-spectral and hyperspectral sensors. The study delved into three instances of bloom occurrences caused by RNS: firstly, in November 2014 and April 2022 off the western coast of Guangdong, and secondly, in February 2021 within the Beibu Gulf. The notable bloom event in the Beibu Gulf during February 2021 extended across an expansive area totaling 6933.5 km2. The motion speed and direction of the RNS bloom patches were also derived from successive satellite images. The recently introduced BGI method demonstrates insensitivity to suspended sediment, though its successful application necessitates accurate atmospheric correction. Subsequent efforts will involve the quantification of RNS blooms in a more precise manner, utilizing hyperspectral satellite data grounded in optimized band configurations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihao Yang
- School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai 519082, Guangdong, China; Guangzhou Pearl River Water Resources Protection and Science & Technology Development Co., Ltd, Guangzhou 510620, Guangdong, China
| | - Jianhang Zhu
- School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai 519082, Guangdong, China
| | - Shaojie Sun
- School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai 519082, Guangdong, China; Southern Laboratory of Ocean Science and Engineering (Guangdong, Zhuhai), Zhuhai 519000, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering, Zhuhai 519082, Guangdong, China; Pearl River Estuary Marine Ecosystem Research Station, Ministry of Education, Zhuhai 519082, Guangdong, China; Key Laboratory of Natural Resources Monitoring in Tropical and Subtropical area of South China, Ministry of Natural Resources, Guangzhou 510500, Guangdong, China
| | - Lin Deng
- School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai 519082, Guangdong, China; Southern Laboratory of Ocean Science and Engineering (Guangdong, Zhuhai), Zhuhai 519000, Guangdong, China.
| | - Jun Zhao
- School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai 519082, Guangdong, China; Southern Laboratory of Ocean Science and Engineering (Guangdong, Zhuhai), Zhuhai 519000, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering, Zhuhai 519082, Guangdong, China; Pearl River Estuary Marine Ecosystem Research Station, Ministry of Education, Zhuhai 519082, Guangdong, China; Key Laboratory of Natural Resources Monitoring in Tropical and Subtropical area of South China, Ministry of Natural Resources, Guangzhou 510500, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhantang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Tropical Oceanography, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, Guangdong, China
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Leitão E, Castellanos DF, Park G, Dam HG. Antagonistic interactions of the dinoflagellate Alexandrium catenella under simultaneous warming and acidification. HARMFUL ALGAE 2024; 134:102625. [PMID: 38705619 DOI: 10.1016/j.hal.2024.102625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
There is a concern that harmful algal bloom (HAB) species may increase under climate change. Yet, we lack understanding of how ecological interactions will be affected under ocean warming and acidification (OWA) conditions. We tested the antagonistic effects of three strains of the dinoflagellate HAB species Alexandrium catenella on three target species (the chlorophyte Tetraselmis sp., the cryptomonad Rhodomonas salina, and the diatom Thalassiosira weissflogii) at various biomass ratios between species, at ambient (16 °C and 400 µatm CO2) and OWA (20 °C and 2000 µatm CO2) conditions. In these experiments the Alexandrium strains had been raised under OWA conditions for ∼100 generations. All three non-HAB species increased their growth rate under OWA relative to ambient conditions. Growth rate inhibition was evident for R. salina and Tetraselmis sp. under OWA conditions, but not under ambient conditions. These negative effects were exacerbated at higher concentrations of Alexandrium relative to non-HAB species. By contrast, T. weissflogii showed positive growth in the presence of two strains of Alexandrium under ambient conditions, whereas growth was unaffected under OWA. Contrary to our expectations, A. catenella had a slight negative response in the presence of the diatom. These results demonstrate that Alexandrium exerts higher antagonistic effects under OWA compared to ambient conditions, and these effects are species-specific and density dependent. These negative effects may shift phytoplankton community composition under OWA conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewaldo Leitão
- Department of Marine Sciences, University of Connecticut, 1080 Shennecossett Road, Groton, CT 06340, USA.
| | - Diana F Castellanos
- Biology Department, Pomona College, 175 W. 6th St., Claremont, CA 91711, USA
| | - Gihong Park
- Department of Marine Sciences, University of Connecticut, 1080 Shennecossett Road, Groton, CT 06340, USA
| | - Hans G Dam
- Department of Marine Sciences, University of Connecticut, 1080 Shennecossett Road, Groton, CT 06340, USA
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9
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Feng C, Shen A, Zhu Y, Xu Y, Lu X. Changes in dinoflagellate and diatom blooms in the East China Sea over the last two decades, under different spatial and temporal scale scenarios. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2024; 200:116097. [PMID: 38310723 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.116097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
Frequent algal blooms in the nearshore area of the East China Sea (ECS) pose a serious threat to both the marine environment and human health. Climate and environmental changes play an important role in the occurrence of diatoms and dinoflagellates blooms. Using the MODIS-Aqua 1-km satellite observations, the outbreaks of dinoflagellate and diatom blooms in the ECS coast in summer during 2003-2022 were mapped. Our results found that although the bloom frequency of dinoflagellate was consistently higher than diatoms, its bloom intensity showed a slightly decline trend in recent decades. The driving factors analysis showed that river runoff and sediments discharge played different effect on the formation of diatom and dinoflagellate blooms. Besides, our results compared the effect of El Niño and La Niña on bloom occurrences. This study was supposed to provide detailed insights into algal blooms, with important implications for relevant meteorological and climate changes in coastal regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Feng
- School of Geography Science and Geomatics Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China.
| | - Anglu Shen
- College of Marine Ecology and Environment, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Yuanli Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem Dynamics, Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Re-sources, Hangzhou 310012, China
| | - Yongjiu Xu
- School of Fisheries, Zhejiang Ocean University, China
| | - Xia Lu
- School of Geography Science and Geomatics Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
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Roland HB, Kohlhoff J, Lanphier K, Hoysala S, Kennedy EG, Harley J, Whitehead C, Gribble MO. Perceived Challenges to Tribally Led Shellfish Toxin Testing in Southeast Alaska: Findings From Key Informant Interviews. GEOHEALTH 2024; 8:e2023GH000988. [PMID: 38516504 PMCID: PMC10956280 DOI: 10.1029/2023gh000988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Shellfish harvesting is central to coastal Alaska Native ways of life, and tribes in Southeast Alaska are committed to preserving sustainable and safe access to subsistence foods. However, consumption of non-commercially harvested shellfish puts Alaska Native communities at elevated risk of exposure to shellfish toxins. To address a lack of state or federal toxin testing for subsistence and recreational harvesting, tribes across Southeast Alaska have formed their own toxin testing and ocean monitoring program. In this study, we interviewed environmental managers responsible for tribes' testing and others with shellfish toxin expertise to report on perceptions of barriers to tribally led testing in Southeast Alaska. Tribal staff identified 40 prospective key informants to interview, including all environmental managers responsible for shellfish toxin testing at subsistence sites in Southeast Alaska. All 40 individuals were invited to participate in an interview and 27 individuals were interviewed. The most frequently discussed barriers to shellfish toxin testing in Southeast Alaska relate to logistical and staffing difficulties associated with communities' remote locations, inconsistent and inadequate funding and funding structures that increase staff burdens, risk communication challenges related to conveying exposure risks while supporting subsistence harvesting, and implications of climate change-related shifts in toxin exposures for risk perception and risk communication. Participants stressed the social origins of perceived barriers. Disinvestment may create and sustain barriers and be most severely felt in Native communities and remote places. Climate change impacts may interact with social and cultural factors to further complicate risk management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugh B. Roland
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public HealthUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamALUSA
| | | | | | - Sneha Hoysala
- Rollins School of Public HealthEmory UniversityAtlantaGAUSA
| | - Esther G. Kennedy
- Bodega Marine Laboratory and Department of Earth and Planetary SciencesUniversity of California, DavisBodega BayCAUSA
| | - John Harley
- Alaska Coastal Rainforest CenterUniversity of Alaska SoutheastJuneauAKUSA
| | | | - Matthew O. Gribble
- Division of Occupational, Environmental and Climate MedicineDepartment of MedicineUniversity of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoCAUSA
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11
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Harris TD, Reinl KL, Azarderakhsh M, Berger SA, Berman MC, Bizic M, Bhattacharya R, Burnet SH, Cianci-Gaskill JA, Domis LNDS, Elfferich I, Ger KA, Grossart HPF, Ibelings BW, Ionescu D, Kouhanestani ZM, Mauch J, McElarney YR, Nava V, North RL, Ogashawara I, Paule-Mercado MCA, Soria-Píriz S, Sun X, Trout-Haney JV, Weyhenmeyer GA, Yokota K, Zhan Q. What makes a cyanobacterial bloom disappear? A review of the abiotic and biotic cyanobacterial bloom loss factors. HARMFUL ALGAE 2024; 133:102599. [PMID: 38485445 DOI: 10.1016/j.hal.2024.102599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Cyanobacterial blooms present substantial challenges to managers and threaten ecological and public health. Although the majority of cyanobacterial bloom research and management focuses on factors that control bloom initiation, duration, toxicity, and geographical extent, relatively little research focuses on the role of loss processes in blooms and how these processes are regulated. Here, we define a loss process in terms of population dynamics as any process that removes cells from a population, thereby decelerating or reducing the development and extent of blooms. We review abiotic (e.g., hydraulic flushing and oxidative stress/UV light) and biotic factors (e.g., allelopathic compounds, infections, grazing, and resting cells/programmed cell death) known to govern bloom loss. We found that the dominant loss processes depend on several system specific factors including cyanobacterial genera-specific traits, in situ physicochemical conditions, and the microbial, phytoplankton, and consumer community composition. We also address loss processes in the context of bloom management and discuss perspectives and challenges in predicting how a changing climate may directly and indirectly affect loss processes on blooms. A deeper understanding of bloom loss processes and their underlying mechanisms may help to mitigate the negative consequences of cyanobacterial blooms and improve current management strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ted D Harris
- Kansas Biological Survey and Center for Ecological Research, University of Kansas, 2101 Constant Ave., Lawrence, KS, 66047
| | - Kaitlin L Reinl
- Lake Superior National Estuarine Research Reserve, University of Wisconsin - Madison Division of Extension, 14 Marina Dr, Superior, WI 54880
| | - Marzi Azarderakhsh
- Department of Construction and Civil Engineering, New York City College of Technology, 300 Jay Street, New York, NY 11201
| | - Stella A Berger
- Department of Plankton and Microbial Ecology, Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Zur alten Fischerhütte 2, 16775 Stechlin, Germany
| | - Manuel Castro Berman
- Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180 and Darrin Freshwater Institute, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Bolton Landing, NY, 12814
| | - Mina Bizic
- Department of Plankton and Microbial Ecology, Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Zur alten Fischerhütte 2, 16775 Stechlin, Germany
| | - Ruchi Bhattacharya
- Department of Biological, Geological & Environmental Sciences, Cleveland State University, Cleveland, OH 44115
| | - Sarah H Burnet
- University of Idaho, Fish and Wildlife Sciences, Moscow, ID, USA, 83844
| | - Jacob A Cianci-Gaskill
- Old Woman Creek National Estuarine Research Reserve, Ohio Department of Natural Resources, 2514 Cleveland Rd East, Huron, OH 44839
| | - Lisette N de Senerpont Domis
- Department of Aquatic Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), P.O. Box 50, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands; Department of Water Resources and Pervasive Systems Group, faculty of EEMCS and ITC, University of Twente, The Netherlands
| | - Inge Elfferich
- Cardiff University, Earth and Environmental Sciences, Main Building, Park Place CF10 3AT, Cardiff, UK
| | - K Ali Ger
- Department of Ecology, Center for Biosciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, R. das Biociencias, Lagoa Nova, Natal, RN, 59078-970, Brazil
| | - Hans-Peter F Grossart
- Department of Plankton and Microbial Ecology, Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Zur alten Fischerhütte 2, 16775 Stechlin, Germany; Potsdam University, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, Maulbeeralle 2, 14469 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Bas W Ibelings
- Department F.-A. Forel for Environmental and Aquatic Sciences, University of Geneva, 66 Blvd Carl Vogt, 1205, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Danny Ionescu
- Department of Plankton and Microbial Ecology, Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Zur alten Fischerhütte 2, 16775 Stechlin, Germany
| | - Zohreh Mazaheri Kouhanestani
- School of Natural Resources, University of Missouri-Columbia, Anheuser-Busch Natural Resources Building, Columbia, MO, 65211-7220
| | - Jonas Mauch
- Department of Community and Ecosystem Ecology, Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Müggelseedamm 301, 12587 Berlin, Germany
| | - Yvonne R McElarney
- Fisheries and Aquatic Ecosystems, Agri-Food and Biosciences Institute, Belfast, Northern Ireland
| | - Veronica Nava
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 1, 20126 Milano, MI, Italy.
| | - Rebecca L North
- School of Natural Resources, University of Missouri-Columbia, Anheuser-Busch Natural Resources Building, Columbia, MO, 65211-7220
| | - Igor Ogashawara
- Department of Plankton and Microbial Ecology, Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Zur alten Fischerhütte 2, 16775 Stechlin, Germany
| | - Ma Cristina A Paule-Mercado
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Na Sádkách 7, České Budějovice 370 05, Czech Republic
| | - Sara Soria-Píriz
- Département des sciences biologiques, Université du Québec à Montréal, 141 Av. du Président-Kennedy, Montréal, QC H2 × 1Y4, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Xinyu Sun
- Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | | | - Gesa A Weyhenmeyer
- Department of Ecology and Genetics/Limnology, Uppsala University, Norbyvägen 18D, 75236 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Kiyoko Yokota
- Biology Department, State University of New York at Oneonta, Oneonta, NY 13820, USA
| | - Qing Zhan
- Department of Aquatic Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), P.O. Box 50, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
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12
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Xu H, Lian Z, Hao X, Li F, Yu RC. Ultrasensitive fluorescence detection of gonyautoxins in seawater using a novel molecularly imprinted nanoprobe. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 912:169056. [PMID: 38056639 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Gonyautoxins (GTXs), a group of potent neurotoxins belonging to paralytic shellfish toxins (PSTs), are often associated with harmful algal blooms of toxic dinoflagellates in the sea and represent serious health and ecological concerns worldwide. In the study, a highly selective and sensitive fluorescence nanoprobe was constructed based on photoinduced electron transfer recognition mechanism to rapidly detect GTXs in seawater, using specific entrapment of molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) combined with fluorescence analyses. The green emissive fluorescein isothiocyanate was grafted in a silicate matrix as a signal transducer and fluorescence intensity of the nanoprobe with a core-shell structure exhibited a strong enhancement due to efficient analyte blockage in a short response time. Under optimal conditions, the developed MIPs nanoprobe presented an excellent analytical performance for spiked seawater samples including a recovery from 94.44 % to 98.23 %, a linear range between 0.018 nmol L-1 and 0.36 nmol L-1, as well as good accuracy. Furthermore, the method had extremely high sensitivity, with limit of detection obtained as 0.005 nmol L-1 for GTXs and GTX2/3. Finally, the nanoprobe was applied for the determination of GTXs in seven natural seawater samples with GTXs mixture (0.035-0.058 nmol L-1) or single GTX2/3 (0.033-0.050 nmol L-1), and the results agreed well with those of a UPLC-MS/MS method. The findings of our study suggest that the constructed MIPs-based fluorescence enhancement nanoprobe was suitable for rapid, selective and ultrasensitive detection of GTXs, particular GTX2/3, in natural seawater samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Xu
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai 264209, P.R. China
| | - Ziru Lian
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai 264209, P.R. China.
| | - Xiaochen Hao
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai 264209, P.R. China
| | - Fang Li
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai 264209, P.R. China
| | - Ren-Cheng Yu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, P.R. China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P.R. China
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13
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Grigoriyan A, Lorini ML, Figueiredo MDSL, Corrêa Almada EV, Nascimento SM. Effects of culture conditions on the growth of the benthic dinoflagellates Ostreopsis cf. ovata, Prorocentrum lima and Coolia malayensis (Dinophyceae): A global review. HARMFUL ALGAE 2024; 132:102565. [PMID: 38331537 DOI: 10.1016/j.hal.2023.102565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Benthic dinoflagellates produce potent toxins that may negatively affect humans and the marine biota. Understanding the factors that stimulate their growth is important for management strategies and to reduce their potential negative impacts. Laboratory cultures have been extensively used to study microalgae physiology and characterize life cycles, nutrition, growth rates, among other processes. A systematic review of the literature on the growth parameters of the benthic dinoflagellates Ostreopsis cf. ovata, Prorocentrum lima species complex and Coolia malayensis obtained in laboratory cultures of strains isolated from all over the world was performed. The effects of temperature, light intensity, photoperiod, salinity and culture media on the growth rate of these species were evaluated using multiple regressions and a model selection approach, based on the Akaike Information Criteria (AIC). The potential effects of the initial culture abundance and the media volume used on the growth of the species were also assessed. Data from 50 articles (25 for O. cf. ovata, 21 for P. lima and 6 for C. malayensis), resulting in 399 growth parameter values (growth rate, doubling time and maximum yield) were compiled in a database. The genetic clades of O. cf. ovata and P. lima species complex were also noted. Growth rate was the most frequently reported growth parameter for the three species, and 127 values were retrieved for O. cf. ovata, 90 for P. lima and 56 for C. malayensis. Temperature was the factor that best explained the growth response of P. lima and C. malayensis, whereas for O. cf. ovata, temperature and salinity were equally important. Light intensity and photoperiod were included among the six best models for the studied species but presented a weaker effect on growth. Given the observed and future projected climate change, increasing ocean temperature will promote the growth of these species, likely leading to an expansion of their impacts on ecosystems and human health. The use of common garden experiments using multiple strains from different geographic domains, particularly addressing underrepresented lineages is recommended, as they will provide more balanced insight regarding the species physiological responses to environmental drivers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Grigoriyan
- Laboratório de Microalgas Marinhas, Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro - UNIRIO, Av. Pasteur, 458, Urca, Rio de Janeiro, 22290-240, RJ, Brazil
| | - Maria Lucia Lorini
- Laboratório de Ecologia e Biogeografia, Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro - UNIRIO, Av. Pasteur, 458, Urca, Rio de Janeiro, 22290-240, RJ, Brazil
| | - Marcos de Souza Lima Figueiredo
- Laboratório de Ecologia e Biogeografia, Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro - UNIRIO, Av. Pasteur, 458, Urca, Rio de Janeiro, 22290-240, RJ, Brazil
| | | | - Silvia M Nascimento
- Laboratório de Microalgas Marinhas, Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro - UNIRIO, Av. Pasteur, 458, Urca, Rio de Janeiro, 22290-240, RJ, Brazil.
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14
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Thi YVN, Vu TD, Do VQ, Ngo AD, Show PL, Chu DT. Residual toxins on aquatic animals in the Pacific areas: Current findings and potential health effects. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 906:167390. [PMID: 37758133 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
The Pacific Ocean is among the five largest and deepest oceans in the world. The area of the Pacific Ocean covers about 28 % of the Earth's surface. This is the habitat of many marine species, and its diversity is recognized as a fundamental element of Pacific culture and heritage. The ecosystems of aquatic animals are highly affected by climate change and by other factors. Residual toxins on aquatic animals can be categorized into two types based on origin: toxins of marine origin and toxins associated with human activity. Residual toxins have emerged as a global concern in recent years due to their frequent presence in aquatic environments. Furthermore, residual toxins in organisms living in the marine environment in the Pacific Ocean region also seriously affect food safety, food security, and especially human health. In this review we discuss important issues about residual toxins on aquatic animals in the Pacific areas specifically about the types of toxins that exist in marine animals, their contamination pathways in the Asia, Pacific region and the potential health effects for humans, the application of information technology and artificial intelligence in residual toxins on aquatic animal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yen Vy Nguyen Thi
- Center for Biomedicine and Community Health, International School, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Viet Nam; Faculty of Applied Sciences, International School, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Thuy-Duong Vu
- Center for Biomedicine and Community Health, International School, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Van Quy Do
- Center for Biomedicine and Community Health, International School, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Anh Dao Ngo
- Center for Biomedicine and Community Health, International School, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Pau Loke Show
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Khalifa University, P.O. Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Dinh Toi Chu
- Center for Biomedicine and Community Health, International School, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Viet Nam; Faculty of Applied Sciences, International School, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Viet Nam.
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15
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Mueller JS, Grammel PJ, Bill N, Rohde S, Schupp PJ. Mass mortality event of the giant barrel sponge Xestospongia sp.: population dynamics and size distribution in Koh Phangan, Gulf of Thailand. PeerJ 2023; 11:e16561. [PMID: 38107566 PMCID: PMC10722979 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.16561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Marine sponges are prominent organisms of the benthic coral reef fauna, providing important ecosystem services. While there have been increasing reports that sponges are becoming one of the dominant benthic organisms in some locations and ecoregions (e.g. Caribbean), they can be impacted by changing environmental conditions. This study presents the first documentation of a mass mortality event of the barrel sponge Xestospongia sp. in the lower Gulf of Thailand and its consequences on population dynamics and size distribution. Two anthropogenic impacted reefs (Haad Khom and Mae Haad) of the island Koh Phangan and two anthropogenic non-impacted reefs of the islands Koh Yippon and Hin Yippon within the Mu Ko Ang Thong Marine National Park were surveyed in the years 2015 and 2016. The results showed a strong shift in population densities at Koh Phangan. Fatal "bleaching" ending up in mass mortality was observed for these reefs in 2015. Xestospongia sp. abundance decreased from 2015 to 2016 by 80.6% at Haad Khom and by 98.4% at Mae Haad. Sponges of all sizes were affected, and mortality occurred regardless of the survey depth (4 and 6 m). However, Xestospongia population densities in the Marine Park were at a constant level during the surveys. The abundances in 2015 were 65% higher at the Marine Park than at Koh Phangan and 92% higher in 2016. The most likely causes of the mass mortality event was a local harmful algal bloom event, pathogens, undetected local higher water temperatures, or a combination of these factors, whereas sea surface temperature analyses showed no marine heatwave during the observed mass mortality event in 2015. Considering the ecological importance of sponges such as Xestospongia sp., long-term monitoring of reefs and their environmental parameters should be implemented to prevent such mass die-offs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmin S. Mueller
- Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment (ICBM), Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, Wilhelmshaven, Germany
- Center for Oceanic Research and Education (CORE sea), Chaloklum, Koh Phangan, Surat Thani, Thailand
| | - Paul-Jannis Grammel
- Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment (ICBM), Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, Wilhelmshaven, Germany
- Center for Oceanic Research and Education (CORE sea), Chaloklum, Koh Phangan, Surat Thani, Thailand
| | - Nicolas Bill
- Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment (ICBM), Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, Wilhelmshaven, Germany
| | - Sven Rohde
- Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment (ICBM), Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, Wilhelmshaven, Germany
| | - Peter J. Schupp
- Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment (ICBM), Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, Wilhelmshaven, Germany
- Helmholtz Institute for Functional Marine Biodiversity (HIFMB), Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
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16
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Zheng N, Hu W, Zhou X, Liu Y, Bartlam M, Wang Y. Influence of phycospheric bacterioplankton disruption or removal on algae growth and survival. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 237:117060. [PMID: 37659640 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/04/2023]
Abstract
Phycospheric bacteria play a crucial role in the survival of microalgae. However, the potential of using the growth regulation and community structure modulation of phycospheric bacteria to prevent the occurrence of blooms is yet to be verified. The phycospheric bacterioplankton of Cyclotella sp. can be categorized into HNA (high nucleic acid) bacteria and LNA (low nucleic acid) bacteria. 16S rRNA sequencing showed that the HNA bacteria exhibited higher α-diversity compared to the LNA bacteria, and the microbial community composition also exhibited variations. Metagenomic sequencing further indicated the distinct ecological functions between HNA and LNA bacteria. Furthermore, the study showcased the restorative capacity of the phycospheric bacterioplankton. Biomass analysis revealed that the recovery of phycospheric bacterioplankton positively influenced the microalgae growth, thus affirming the significance of phycospheric bacterioplankton to microalgae. The community structure of phycospheric bacterioplankton demonstrated a notable decrease in the abundance of restored LNA core bacteria. Additionally, the restored phycospheric bacterioplankton exhibited a more complex co-occurrence network structure, resulting in decreased resistance and sensitivity of microalgae to adverse environments. The presence of phycospheric bacterioplankton provides a protective shield for microalgae, and thus destabilizing or removing phycospheric bacterioplankton may effectively inhibit growth of microalgae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ningning Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education), Nankai International Advanced Research Institute (Shenzhen Futian), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Wei Hu
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education), Nankai International Advanced Research Institute (Shenzhen Futian), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Xinzhu Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education), Nankai International Advanced Research Institute (Shenzhen Futian), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education), Nankai International Advanced Research Institute (Shenzhen Futian), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Mark Bartlam
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai International Advanced Research Institute (Shenzhen Futian), College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China.
| | - Yingying Wang
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education), Nankai International Advanced Research Institute (Shenzhen Futian), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China.
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17
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Kim M, Hong S, Lim YK, Cha J, Kim Y, Lee CE, Yoon JN, Lee HS, Baek SH. Monthly distribution of lipophilic marine biotoxins and associated microalgae in the South Sea Coast of Korea throughout 2021. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 898:165472. [PMID: 37442466 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
Aquaculture farms have been established along the South Sea Coast of Korea, supplying most of the seafood consumed domestically. However, annual harmful algal blooms pose a potential threat to seafood safety. This study aimed to determine the spatial and seasonal distributions of 12 lipophilic marine biotoxins (LMTs) in phytoplankton and mussels in the region in 2021. Solid-phase adsorption toxin tracking (SPATT) was used to monitor the cumulative compositions of LMTs in seawater. LMT concentrations were also determined in twelve commercially available species of domestic shellfish to evaluate the potential risks to human health. Gonyaulux spinifera and Dinophysis acuminata, causative microalgae of yessotoxins (YTXs) and pectenotoxins (PTXs), respectively, showed high densities in the region from May to July. This period corresponded to high LMT concentrations in phytoplankton and mussels. Phytoplankton mainly contained PTX-2 and homo-YTX, with a maximum concentration of 2300 ng g-1 wet weight (ww) in May. In contrast, mussels mainly contained homo-YTX and YTX, with a maximum concentration of 1300 ng g-1 ww in July. LMTs-producing microalgae showed low densities and concentrations after July, whereas mussels accumulated toxins until September. In the SPATT sampler, more diverse LMTs were detected than in seawater, phytoplankton, and mussels. For example, dinophysistoxin-1 and azaspiracid-2 were detected only in SPATT. YTXs were detected in domestic seafood samples, including mussels, red scallops, and pen shells, but the concentrations were below the European Food Safety Agency recommended standard of 3.75 mg YTX-eq. kg-1. Moreover, the hazard quotient was less than 100 in all scenarios, indicating that the human health risk was not significant. This study provides valuable data on monthly distribution patterns of LMTs in the South Sea Coast of Korea and can serve as baseline data for future management policies of marine biotoxins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mungi Kim
- Department of Marine Environmental Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Seongjin Hong
- Department of Marine Environmental Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea.
| | - Young Kyun Lim
- Risk Assessment Research Center, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, Geoje 53201, Republic of Korea
| | - Jihyun Cha
- Department of Marine Environmental Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngnam Kim
- Department of Marine Environmental Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Eon Lee
- Department of Marine Environmental Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Nam Yoon
- Risk Assessment Research Center, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, Geoje 53201, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Seok Lee
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Ho Baek
- Risk Assessment Research Center, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, Geoje 53201, Republic of Korea.
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18
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Sheng C, He X, Shen N, Han T, Chen J, Liu C, Li X. Occurrence and phase distribution of lipophilic marine algal toxins in the bottom boundary layer and sediment-porewater system of two mariculture sites. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 341:140109. [PMID: 37689146 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023]
Abstract
To date, understanding the fate of lipophilic marine algal toxins (LMATs) in benthic environments on which cultivated shellfish depend is still limited. In this work, the occurrence, concentration levels, and phase distributions of LMATs in the benthic environments of two mariculture sites (Sishili and Rongcheng Bays) in China were investigated for the first time. Five LMATs: okadaic acid (OA), pectenotoxin-2 (PTX2), gymnodimine, 13-desmethyl spirolide C, and azaspiracid-2 (AZA2) and three derivatives: dinophysistoxin-1 isomer (DTX1-iso), pectenotoxin-2 seco acid, and 7-epi- pectenotoxin-2 seco acid were detected in different environmental samples. OA and PTX2 were the dominant LMATs in the bottom boundary layer (BBL) and sediment, whereas AZA2 was present in the sediment only. Notably, DTX1-iso was found for the first time to be widely distributed in the benthic environments of the bays. In BBL, the average proportion of LMATs in the dissolved phase (99.20%) was much higher than in the particulate phase (0.80%). Partition of LMATs was more balanced between sediment porewater (57.80% average proportion) and sediment (42.20%). The concentrations of ∑LMATs in the BBL seawater ranged from 19.09 ng/L to 41.57 ng/L (mean of 32.67 ng/L), and the spatial distribution trend was higher in offshore than nearshore. ∑LMATs concentrations in the sediment and porewater of the two bays ranged from 17.04 ng/kg to 150.13 ng/kg (mean of 53.58 ng/kg) and from 8.29 ng/L to 120.58 ng/L (mean of 46.63 ng/L), respectively. Their spatial distributions differed from those in BBL, showing a trend of high concentrations in areas with heavy land-based inputs. ∑LMATs concentrations in porewater were significantly higher than those in BBL seawaters, suggesting that the potential hazards of LMATs to benthic organisms may be underestimated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cancan Sheng
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China; Key Laboratory of Marine Eco-Environmental Science and Technology, The First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao, 266061, China
| | - Xiuping He
- Key Laboratory of Marine Eco-Environmental Science and Technology, The First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao, 266061, China; Qingdao Key Laboratory of Analytical Technology Development and Offshore Eco-Environment Conservation, Qingdao, 266061, China
| | - Nan Shen
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China; Key Laboratory of Marine Eco-Environmental Science and Technology, The First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao, 266061, China
| | - Tongzhu Han
- Key Laboratory of Marine Eco-Environmental Science and Technology, The First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao, 266061, China; Qingdao Key Laboratory of Analytical Technology Development and Offshore Eco-Environment Conservation, Qingdao, 266061, China
| | - Junhui Chen
- Key Laboratory of Marine Eco-Environmental Science and Technology, The First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao, 266061, China; Qingdao Key Laboratory of Analytical Technology Development and Offshore Eco-Environment Conservation, Qingdao, 266061, China.
| | - Chenguang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Eco-Environmental Science and Technology, The First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao, 266061, China
| | - Xianguo Li
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China
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19
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Dees P, Dale A, Whyte C, Mouat B, Davidson K. Operational modelling to assess advective harmful algal bloom development and its potential to impact aquaculture. HARMFUL ALGAE 2023; 129:102517. [PMID: 37951611 DOI: 10.1016/j.hal.2023.102517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
A particle tracking model is described and used to explore the role of advection as the source of harmful algal blooms that impact the Shetland Islands, where much of Scotland's aquaculture is located. The movement of particles, representing algal cells, was modelled using surface velocities obtained from the 1.5 km resolution Atlantic Margin Model AMM15. Following validation of model performance against drifter tracks, the model results recreate previously hypothesised onshore advection of harmful algal cells from west of the archipelago during 2006 and 2013, when exceptional Dinophysis spp. abundances were measured at Shetland aquaculture sites. Higher eastward advection of Dinophysis spp. cells was also suggested during 2018. Wind roses explain this higher eastward advection during 2006, 2013 and 2018. The study suggests that the European Slope Current is important for the transport of harmful algal blooms, particularly those composed of dinoflagellates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Dees
- Scottish Association for Marine Science, Oban, Argyll, PA37 1QA, United Kingdom; Geophysical Institute, University of Bergen, 5020 Bergen, Norway.
| | - Andrew Dale
- Scottish Association for Marine Science, Oban, Argyll, PA37 1QA, United Kingdom
| | - Callum Whyte
- Scottish Association for Marine Science, Oban, Argyll, PA37 1QA, United Kingdom
| | - Beth Mouat
- UHI Shetland, Port Arthur, Scalloway ZE1 0UN, United Kingdom
| | - Keith Davidson
- Scottish Association for Marine Science, Oban, Argyll, PA37 1QA, United Kingdom
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20
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Samarajeewa U. Emerging challenges in maintaining marine food-fish availability and food safety. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2023; 22:4734-4757. [PMID: 37732477 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.13239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2023] [Revised: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
The marine finfish and crustaceans contribute immensely to human nutrition. Harvesting marine food-fish to meet the global demand has become a challenge due to reduction of the fishery areas and food safety hazards associated with increased pre-harvest and post-harvest contaminations. The causes of low fish availability and contaminations were reviewed following the published literature from 2000 to 2023. The marine fish yields are stressed due to spread of contaminants triggered by rising sea temperatures, transport of microorganisms by marine vessels across the oceans, anthropogenic activities leading to increase in the toxic microorganisms, and the entry of toxic chemicals and antibiotic residues into the seawater through rivers or directly. Processing adds pyrogenic chemicals to foods. The hazardous materials may accumulate in the food-fish, beyond tolerance limits permitted for human foods. While the research and control measures focus on minimizing the hazards due to pathogenic microorganisms and chemicals in market fish, there is less discussion on the unhealthy changes occurring in the oceans affecting the quantity and quality of food-fish, and the origins of microbial and chemical contaminations. This review examines the factors affecting availability of wild food-fish and increased contaminations. It aims to bridge the knowledge gaps between the spread of hazardous agents in the marine environment, and their effects on the food-fish. Meeting the future human food security and safety through marine fish and fish products may need marine cage farming, introduction of genetically modified high yielding food-fish, and cultured contaminant free finless fish muscles as options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Upali Samarajeewa
- Department of Food Science & Technology, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka
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21
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Zhang J, Wang N, Zhang Z, Gao Y, Dong J, Gao X, Yuan H, Li X. The Combined Effects of Toxic Microcystis aeruginosa and Thermal Stress on the Edible Clam ( Corbicula fluminea): Insights into Oxidative Stress Responses and Molecular Networks. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1901. [PMID: 38001754 PMCID: PMC10669901 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12111901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Cyanobacterial blooms (CYBs) have become a global environmental issue, posing risks to edible bivalves. Toxic cyanobacteria and thermal stress represent the two key co-occurring stressors to bivalves experiencing CYBs. To investigate the combined effects of these stressors on the edible bivalve Corbicula fluminea, the responses to oxidative stress and the molecular mechanisms of physiological adaptations in C. fluminea were examined under co-exposure to toxic Microcystis aeruginosa and thermal stress. The activity of antioxidant enzymes, including GST, SOD, CAT, GPx and GR, was significantly influenced by the interaction between temperature and M. aeruginosa (p < 0.05). A positive correlation was observed between toxic M. aeruginosa exposure and elevated SOD and GPx activities at 30 °C, demonstrating that SOD and GPx may help C. fluminea defend effectively against MCs under thermal stress. Furthermore, significant interactive effects between toxic M. aeruginosa and temperature were also observed in ROS and MDA (p < 0.05). The results of the PCA and IBR index also evidenced the apparent influence of toxic M. aeruginosa and thermal stress on oxidative stress responses of C. fluminea. The eggNOG and GO annotations confirmed that a substantial portion of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) exhibited associations with responses to oxidative stress and transporter activity. Additionally, KEGG analysis revealed that abundant DEGs were involved in pathways related to inflammatory responses, immune functions and metabolic functions. These findings improve our understanding of the mechanism of the physiological adaptation in bivalves in response to cyanotoxins under thermal conditions, potentially enabling the evaluation of the viability of using bivalves as a bioremediation tool to manage CYBs in eutrophic waters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingxiao Zhang
- College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
- Observation and Research Station on Water Ecosystem in Danjiangkou Reservoir of Henan Province, Nanyang 473000, China
| | - Ning Wang
- College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Zehao Zhang
- College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Yunni Gao
- College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Jing Dong
- College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Xiaofei Gao
- College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Huatao Yuan
- College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Xuejun Li
- College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
- Observation and Research Station on Water Ecosystem in Danjiangkou Reservoir of Henan Province, Nanyang 473000, China
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22
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Li R, Wang J, Deng J, Peng G, Wang Y, Li T, Liu B, Zhang Y. Selective enrichments for color microplastics loading of marine lipophilic phycotoxins. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 459:132137. [PMID: 37499500 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) and marine lipophilic phycotoxins (MLPs) are two classes of emerging contaminants. Together, they may exacerbate the negative impacts on nearshore marine ecosystems. Herein, the loading of 14 representative MLPs, closely related to toxin-producing algae, on MPs and their relations with colorful MPs have been explored for the first time based on both field and lab data. The objectives of our study are to explore the roles of multiple factors (waterborne MLPs and MP characteristics) in the loading of MLPs by MPs with the applications of various statistical means, and to further explore the role of the color of MP in the loading of specific MLPs through lab simulation experiments. Our results demonstrated that MPs color determined the loading of some specific MLPs on MPs and green MPs can load much more than other colorful fractions (p < 0.05). These interesting phenomena illustrated that the color effects on the loading processes of MLPs on MPs are a dynamic process, and it can be well explained by the shading effect of MP color, which may affect the growth and metabolism of the attached toxic-producing algae on MPs and hence the production of specific MLPs. Furthermore, loading of MLPs on MPs can be considered as the comprehensive physicochemical and biological processes. Our results caution us that special attention should be paid to explore the real-time dynamic color shading effects on all kinds of bio-secreted contaminants loading on MPs, and highlight the necessary to comprehensive investigate the interaction between biota, organic contaminants and MPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruilong Li
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China.
| | - Jiuming Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of the Environment and Ecology, Environmental Science Research Center, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Jun Deng
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Gen Peng
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Yijin Wang
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Tiezhu Li
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Beibei Liu
- Institute of Environmental and Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of the Environment and Ecology, Environmental Science Research Center, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China.
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23
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Funesto EGM, Lewis AM, Turner AD, Cameron TC, Steinke M. Immediate and delayed effects of a heatwave and Prorocentrum lima ((Ehrenberg) Stein 1878) bloom on the toxin accumulation, physiology, and survival of the oyster Magallana gigas (Thunberg, 1793). THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 892:164485. [PMID: 37257593 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.164485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Warming could facilitate the intensification of toxic algal blooms, two important stressors for marine organisms that are predicted to co-occur more frequently in the future. We investigated the immediate and delayed effects of a heatwave and a simulated bloom (3 × 106 cells L-1) of the diarrhetic shellfish toxin (DST)-producing benthic dinoflagellate Prorocentrum lima on the survival, physiology (oxygen consumption rate, condition index, immune parameters), and toxin accumulation in the Pacific rock oyster Magallana (Crassostrea) gigas. Oysters exposed to both stressors contained higher mean DST concentrations (mean ± 1 SE: 173.3 ± 19.78 μg kg-1 soft tissue) than those exposed to P. lima bloom alone (120.4 ± 20.90 μg kg-1) and exceeded the maximum permitted levels for human consumption. Exposure to individual stressors and their combination modified the physiology of M. gigas. Oysters exposed to heatwave alone had significantly higher oxygen consumption rates (0.7 ± 0.06 mg O2 h-1 g-1) than the control (0.3 ± 0.06 mg O2 h-1 g-1). However, this was not observed in oysters exposed to both heatwave and P. lima (0.5 ± 0.06 mg O2 h-1 g-1). This alteration of the metabolic response to warming in the presence of P. lima may affect the ability of rock oysters to adapt to environmental stressors (i.e., a heatwave) to ensure survival. Immunomodulation, through changes in total hemocyte count, was observed in oysters exposed to P. lima alone and in combination with warming. Individual stressors and their combination did not influence the condition index, but one mortality was recorded in oysters exposed to both stressors. The findings of this study highlight the vulnerability of rock oysters to the predicted increased frequency of heatwaves and toxic algal blooms, and the increased likelihood of shellfish containing higher than regulatory levels of DST in warming coasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen Grace M Funesto
- School of Life Sciences, University of Essex, Wivenhoe Park, Colchester CO4 3SQ, United Kingdom; Department of Biology and Environmental Science, College of Science, University of the Philippines Cebu, Gorordo Avenue, Lahug, Cebu City 6000, Philippines.
| | - Adam M Lewis
- Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science (CEFAS), Barrack Road, The Nothe, Weymouth, Dorset DT4 8UB, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew D Turner
- Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science (CEFAS), Barrack Road, The Nothe, Weymouth, Dorset DT4 8UB, United Kingdom
| | - Tom C Cameron
- School of Life Sciences, University of Essex, Wivenhoe Park, Colchester CO4 3SQ, United Kingdom
| | - Michael Steinke
- School of Life Sciences, University of Essex, Wivenhoe Park, Colchester CO4 3SQ, United Kingdom
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24
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Gopalakrishnan KK, Kashian DR. Complex interactions among temperature, microplastics and cyanobacteria may facilitate cyanobacteria proliferation and microplastic deposition. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 263:115259. [PMID: 37473702 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
Cyanobacterial blooms are a global concern prone to causing environmental and economic damages and are tightly linked to anthropogenic nutrient inputs. Likewise, microplastic pollution has also become globally ubiquitous inevitably co-occurring with blooms. However, little is known on how microplastics influence cyanobacterial physiologically and how potential physiological changes can affect their buoyancy, ultimately impacting their fate, and transport, including deposition during bloom events. Interactions of environmental relevant concentrations of high-density polyethylene microplastics (MPs) (0-0.4 mg/mL) and temperatures (2.5-32.5 °C) were evaluated to assess the effects of MPs on interactions of cyanobacteria Anabaena variabilis's growth, total organic carbon concentrations, extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) production, and MP deposition. Microplastics both stimulated and inhibited A. variabilis growth depending on the concentration. Lower MPs concentrations (0.1-0.2 mg/L) increased A. variabilis growth while higher MP concentrations (>0.3 mg/mL) impeded it across all temperatures studied. Carbon sources leached from MPs may have been a contributing factor to the increased growth at lower MPs concentration, while higher MPs concentration potentially shaded A. variabilis inhibiting its growth. Shading may have induced stress which corresponded with an observed increase in EPS production by A. variabilis when exposed to MP. Extracellular polymeric substances generation activated under adverse circumstances (MPs 0.4 mg/mL) enhanced MP deposition. Overall, our findings indicate that MPs play an important role in cyanobacterial blooms, and that these blooms may enhance MPs deposition.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Donna R Kashian
- Department of Biological Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA.
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25
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Hu J, Kokoette E, Xu C, Huang S, Tang T, Zhang Y, Liu M, Huang Y, Yu S, Zhu J, Holmer M, Xiao X. Natural Algaecide Sphingosines Identified in Hybrid Straw Decomposition Driven by White-Rot Fungi. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2300569. [PMID: 37400420 PMCID: PMC10477863 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202300569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
Harmful algal blooms (HABs), which are promoted by eutrophication and intensified by global warming, occur worldwide. Allelochemicals, which are natural chemicals derived from plants or microbes, are emerging weapons to eliminate these blooms. However, the cost and technical challenges have limited the discovery of novel antialgal allelochemicals. Herein, the decomposition of agricultural straws is manipulated by white-rot fungi and achieved elevated antialgal efficiency. The transcriptomic analysis reveals that nutrient limitation activated fungal decomposition. By using a comparative nontarget metabolomics approach, a new type of allelochemical sphingosines (including sphinganine, phytosphingosine, sphingosine, and N-acetylsphingosine) is identified. These novel natural algaecides exhibit superior antialgal capability, with as high as an order of magnitude lower effective concentration on blooming species than other prevalent allelochemicals. The co-expression relationship between transcriptomic and metabolomic results indicate that sphinganine is strongly correlated with the differentially expressed lignocellulose degradation unigenes. The algal growth suppression is triggered by the activation of programmed cell death, malfunction of algal photosystem and antioxidant system, the disruption on CO2 assimilation and light absorption. The sphingosines reported here are a new category of allelochemicals in addition to the well-known antialgal natural chemicals, which are potential species-specific agents for HABs control identified by multi-omics methodology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Hu
- Ocean CollegeZhejiang University#1 Zheda RoadZhoushanZhejiang316021China
- Key Laboratory of Marine Ecological Monitoring and Restoration Technologies of Ministry of Natural ResourcesShanghai201206China
| | - Effiong Kokoette
- Ocean CollegeZhejiang University#1 Zheda RoadZhoushanZhejiang316021China
- Key Laboratory of Marine Ecological Monitoring and Restoration Technologies of Ministry of Natural ResourcesShanghai201206China
| | - Caicai Xu
- Ocean CollegeZhejiang University#1 Zheda RoadZhoushanZhejiang316021China
| | - Shitao Huang
- Ocean CollegeZhejiang University#1 Zheda RoadZhoushanZhejiang316021China
| | - Tao Tang
- Ocean CollegeZhejiang University#1 Zheda RoadZhoushanZhejiang316021China
| | - Yiyi Zhang
- Ocean CollegeZhejiang University#1 Zheda RoadZhoushanZhejiang316021China
| | - Muyuan Liu
- Ocean CollegeZhejiang University#1 Zheda RoadZhoushanZhejiang316021China
- Key Laboratory of Watershed Non‐point Source Pollution Control and Water Eco‐security of Ministry of Water ResourcesCollege of Environmental and Resources SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiang310058China
| | - Yuzhou Huang
- Ocean CollegeZhejiang University#1 Zheda RoadZhoushanZhejiang316021China
| | - Shumiao Yu
- Ocean CollegeZhejiang University#1 Zheda RoadZhoushanZhejiang316021China
| | - Jie Zhu
- Ocean CollegeZhejiang University#1 Zheda RoadZhoushanZhejiang316021China
| | - Marianne Holmer
- Department of BiologyUniversity of Southern DenmarkOdense5230Denmark
| | - Xi Xiao
- Ocean CollegeZhejiang University#1 Zheda RoadZhoushanZhejiang316021China
- Key Laboratory of Marine Ecological Monitoring and Restoration Technologies of Ministry of Natural ResourcesShanghai201206China
- Key Laboratory of Watershed Non‐point Source Pollution Control and Water Eco‐security of Ministry of Water ResourcesCollege of Environmental and Resources SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiang310058China
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26
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Sartori D, Scatena G, Vrinceanu CA, Gaion A. Increased sensitivity of sea urchin larvae to metal toxicity as a consequence of the past two decades of Climate Change and Ocean Acidification in the Mediterranean Sea. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2023; 194:115274. [PMID: 37429181 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.115274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
The Mediterranean Sea represents a natural laboratory to infer the possible impacts of climate change and ocean acidification. In this article, we report the deteriorating ability of sea urchin larvae (Paracentrotus lividus) to cope with toxicity of a reference contaminant (Cu EC50) over the past 20 years and assessed the influence of 5 environmental factors from satellite measurements. This timeframe was divided in before and after January 2016 (46.57 μg/L vs 28.56 μg/L respectively, p < 0.001). In the second subset of data, correlation of the biological variable with CO2 and pH strengthened compared to the first part (rCO2-EC50: -0.21 vs -0.83 and rpH-EC50: 0.25 vs 0.87 respectively), with a causal link starting from one year and ending 4 months prior to EC50 measurements. Considering the continuous increase in CO2 concentrations recorded recently, this study could reveal a rapid deterioration of the health condition of this population of sea urchins in a coastal ecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Sartori
- Italian Institute for Environmental Protection and Research - ISPRA, via del Cedro 38, 57122 Livorno. Italy
| | - Guido Scatena
- Italian Institute for Environmental Protection and Research - ISPRA, via del Cedro 38, 57122 Livorno. Italy
| | | | - Andrea Gaion
- Italian Institute for Environmental Protection and Research - ISPRA, via del Cedro 38, 57122 Livorno. Italy; University Centre South Devon, Long Rd, TQ4 7EJ Paignton, United Kingdom.
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27
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Wan X, Yao G, Wang K, Liu Y, Wang F, Jiang H. Transcriptomic Analysis of the Response of the Toxic Dinoflagellate Prorocentrum lima to Phosphorous Limitation. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2216. [PMID: 37764060 PMCID: PMC10535992 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11092216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Some dinoflagellates cause harmful algal blooms, releasing toxic secondary metabolites, to the detriment of marine ecosystems and human health. Phosphorus (P) is a limiting macronutrient for dinoflagellate growth in the ocean. Previous studies have been focused on the physiological response of dinoflagellates to ambient P changes. However, the whole-genome's molecular mechanisms are poorly understood. In this study, RNA-Seq was utilized to compare the global gene expression patterns of a marine diarrheic shellfish poisoning (DSP) toxin-producing dinoflagellate, Prorocentrum lima, grown in inorganic P-replete and P-deficient conditions. A total of 148 unigenes were significantly up-regulated, and 30 unigenes were down-regulated under 1/4 P-limited conditions, while 2708 unigenes were significantly up-regulated, and 284 unigenes were down-regulated under 1/16 P-limited conditions. KEGG enrichment analysis of the differentially expressed genes shows that genes related to ribosomal proteins, glycolysis, fatty acid biosynthesis, phagosome formation, and ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis are found to be up-regulated, while most of the genes related to photosynthesis are down-regulated. Further analysis shows that genes encoding P transporters, organic P utilization, and endocytosis are significantly up-regulated in the P-limited cells, indicating a strong ability of P. lima to utilize dissolved inorganic P as well as intracellular organic P. These transcriptomic data are further corroborated by biochemical and physiological analyses, which reveals that under P deficiency, cellular contents of starch, lipid, and toxin increase, while photosynthetic efficiency declines. Our results indicate that has P. lima evolved diverse strategies to acclimatize to low P environments. The accumulation of carbon sources and DSP toxins could provide protection for P. lima to cope with adverse environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Hui Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Beijing 102205, China; (X.W.); (G.Y.); (K.W.); (Y.L.); (F.W.)
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28
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Abassi S, Kim HS, Bui QTN, Ki JS. Effects of nitrate on the saxitoxins biosynthesis revealed by sxt genes in the toxic dinoflagellate Alexandrium pacificum (group IV). HARMFUL ALGAE 2023; 127:102473. [PMID: 37544673 DOI: 10.1016/j.hal.2023.102473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
The dinoflagellate Alexandrium pacificum (group IV) is of particular interest because of its involvement in harmful algal blooms and production of saxitoxin (STX), which causes paralytic shellfish poisoning. The toxicity from STX and its analogues (STXs) is suspected to be affected by nitrogen (N) availability. However, the toxicity-associated behavior and STX-biosynthesis gene responses of the toxic A. pacificum under N fluctuations have not been sufficiently investigated. In the present study, we identified the sxtI gene involved in sxt biosynthesis pathway and evaluated the effects of nitrate (NO3-) on STXs production and the expression of four sxt core genes (sxtA4, sxtG, sxtB, and sxtI). Quantification of total STXs levels in the cultures under different NO3- regimes showed that NO3- concentration influenced STXs production. In addition, the proportion and concentration of STXs varied depending on the NO3- concentration. Core sxt transcript abundance was also influenced by available NO3- in a time-dependent manner. Expressional levels and patterns of sxtI were correlated with those of sxtA and sxtB. The relationship between the toxins and sxt responses in A. pacificum under various NO3- regimes suggests the direct involvement of N in the STXs biosynthesis pathway. Understanding this link would provide a tool to understand the toxin dynamics of dinoflagellates following N shifts in marine environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Abassi
- Department of Biotechnology, Sangmyung University, Seoul, 03016, Republic of Korea
| | - Han-Sol Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, Sangmyung University, Seoul, 03016, Republic of Korea
| | - Quynh Thi Nhu Bui
- Department of Biotechnology, Sangmyung University, Seoul, 03016, Republic of Korea
| | - Jang-Seu Ki
- Department of Biotechnology, Sangmyung University, Seoul, 03016, Republic of Korea.
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Mafra LL, Sunesen I, Pires E, Nascimento SM, Álvarez G, Mancera-Pineda JE, Torres G, Carnicer O, Huamaní Galindo JA, Sanchez Ramirez S, Martínez-Goicoechea A, Morales-Benavides D, Valerio-González L. Benthic harmful microalgae and their impacts in South America. HARMFUL ALGAE 2023; 127:102478. [PMID: 37544678 DOI: 10.1016/j.hal.2023.102478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
Public awareness about Benthic Harmful Algal Blooms (BHABs) and their negative impacts has increased substantially over the past few decades. Even so, reports of BHABs remain relatively scarce in South America (SA). This paper provides a comprehensive overview of the current state of knowledge on BHABs in the continent, by integrating data from published articles, books, and technical reports. We recorded ∼300 different occurrences of potentially toxic BHAB species over the Caribbean, Atlantic and Pacific coasts, mostly in marine (>95%) but also in estuarine areas located from 12⁰36' N to 54⁰53' S. Over 70% of the data was published/released within the past 10 years, and ∼85% were concentrated in Brazil, Venezuela, Ecuador and Colombia. Benthic species were mainly associated with macroalgae, seagrass and sediment. Incidental detection in the plankton was also relevant, mainly in places where studies targeting BHAB species are still rare, like Argentina, Uruguay, Chile and Peru. The study listed 31 infrageneric taxa of potentially toxic benthic dinoflagellates and eight of estuarine cyanobacteria occurring in SA, with the greatest species diversity recorded in the equatorial-tropical zone, mainly in northeastern Brazil (Atlantic), Venezuela and Colombia (Caribbean), and the Galapagos Islands, Ecuador (Pacific). Local strains of Amphidinium, Gambierdiscus, Coolia and Prorocentrum spp. produced toxic compounds of emerging concern. Prorocentrum lima species complex was the most common and widely distributed taxon, followed by Ostreopsis cf. ovata. In fact, these two dinoflagellates were associated with most BHAB events in SA. Whereas the former has caused the contamination of multiple marine organisms and cases of Diarrhetic Shellfish Poisoning in subtropical and temperate areas, the latter has been associated with faunal mortalities and is suspected of causing respiratory illness to beach users in tropical places. Ciguatera Poisoning has been reported in Colombia (∼240 cases; no deaths) and Venezuela (60 cases; two deaths), and may be also a risk in other places where Gambierdiscus spp. and Fukuyoa paulensis have been reported, such as the Galapagos Islands and the tropical Brazilian coast. Despite the recent advances, negative impacts from BHABs in SA are intensified by limited research/training funding, as well as the lack of official HAB monitoring and poor analytical capability for species identification and toxin detection in parts of the continent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiz L Mafra
- Centro de Estudos do Mar, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Av. Anibal Khury, 2033 - P.O. Box 61, Pontal do Paraná, PR, 83255-976, Brazil.
| | - Inés Sunesen
- División Ficología Dr. Sebastián Guarrera, FCNyM, Paseo del Bosque s/n, 1900, La Plata, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas - CONICET, Godoy Cruz 2290, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Estela Pires
- Centro de Estudos do Mar, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Av. Anibal Khury, 2033 - P.O. Box 61, Pontal do Paraná, PR, 83255-976, Brazil
| | - Silvia Mattos Nascimento
- Laboratório de Microalgas Marinhas, Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro - UNIRIO, Av. Pasteur, 458, Urca, Rio de Janeiro, 22290-240, RJ, Brazil
| | - Gonzalo Álvarez
- Facultad de Ciencias del Mar, Departamento de Acuicultura, Universidad Católica del Norte, Coquimbo 1281, Chile
| | - Josè Ernesto Mancera-Pineda
- Universidad Nacional de Colombia, sede Bogotá.Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias. Carrera 45 No. 26-85, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Gladys Torres
- Instituto Oceanográfico y Antártico de la Armada (INOCAR), Vía Puerto Marítimo, Av. 25 de Julio, Guayaquil, Ecuador
| | - Olga Carnicer
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química y Ambiental, Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena, Spain
| | - José Alexis Huamaní Galindo
- Instituto del Mar del Perú, Laboratorio de Fitoplancton y Producción Primaria. Esq Gamarra y Gral Valle s/n Chucuito- Callao, Peru
| | - Sonia Sanchez Ramirez
- Instituto del Mar del Perú, Laboratorio de Fitoplancton y Producción Primaria. Esq Gamarra y Gral Valle s/n Chucuito- Callao, Peru
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Ayache N, Bill BD, Brosnahan ML, Campbell L, Deeds JR, Fiorendino JM, Gobler CJ, Handy SM, Harrington N, Kulis DM, McCarron P, Miles CO, Moore SK, Nagai S, Trainer VL, Wolny JL, Young CS, Smith JL. A survey of Dinophysis spp. and their potential to cause diarrhetic shellfish poisoning in coastal waters of the United States. JOURNAL OF PHYCOLOGY 2023; 59:658-680. [PMID: 36964950 DOI: 10.1111/jpy.13331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Multiple species of the genus Dinophysis produce diarrhetic shellfish toxins (okadaic acid and Dinophysis toxins, OA/DTXs analogs) and/or pectenotoxins (PTXs). Only since 2008 have DSP events (illnesses and/or shellfish harvesting closures) become recognized as a threat to human health in the United States. This study characterized 20 strains representing five species of Dinophysis spp. isolated from three US coastal regions that have experienced DSP events: the Northeast/Mid-Atlantic, the Gulf of Mexico, and the Pacific Northwest. Using a combination of morphometric and DNA-based evidence, seven Northeast/Mid-Atlantic isolates and four Pacific Northwest isolates were classified as D. acuminata, a total of four isolates from two coasts were classified as D. norvegica, two isolates from the Pacific Northwest coast were identified as D. fortii, and three isolates from the Gulf of Mexico were identified as D. ovum and D. caudata. Toxin profiles of D. acuminata and D. norvegica varied by their geographical origin within the United States. Cross-regional comparison of toxin profiles was not possible with the other three species; however, within each region, distinct species-conserved profiles for isolates of D. fortii, D. ovum, and D. caudata were observed. Historical and recent data from various State and Tribal monitoring programs were compiled and compared, including maximum recorded cell abundances of Dinophysis spp., maximum concentrations of OA/DTXs recorded in commercial shellfish species, and durations of harvesting closures, to provide perspective regarding potential for DSP impacts to regional public health and shellfish industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nour Ayache
- Virginia Institute of Marine Science, William & Mary, Gloucester Point, Virginia, 23062, USA
| | - Brian D Bill
- Environmental and Fisheries Science Division, Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Seattle, Washington, 98112, USA
| | - Michael L Brosnahan
- Department of Biology, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, Massachusetts, 02543, USA
| | - Lisa Campbell
- Department of Oceanography and Department of Biology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, 77843, USA
- Department of Biology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, 77843, USA
| | - Jonathan R Deeds
- Office of Regulatory Science, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, United States Food and Drug Administration, College Park, Maryland, 20740, USA
| | - James M Fiorendino
- Department of Oceanography and Department of Biology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, 77843, USA
| | - Christopher J Gobler
- School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, Stony Brook University, Southampton, New York, 11968, USA
| | - Sara M Handy
- Office of Regulatory Science, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, United States Food and Drug Administration, College Park, Maryland, 20740, USA
| | - Neil Harrington
- Department of Natural Resources, Jamestown S'Klallam Tribe, Sequim, Washington, 98382, USA
| | - David M Kulis
- Department of Biology, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, Massachusetts, 02543, USA
| | - Pearse McCarron
- Biotoxin Metrology, National Research Council Canada, Halifax, Nova Scotia, B3H 3Z1, Canada
| | - Christopher O Miles
- Biotoxin Metrology, National Research Council Canada, Halifax, Nova Scotia, B3H 3Z1, Canada
| | - Stephanie K Moore
- Conservation Biology Division, Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Seattle, Washington, 98112, USA
| | - Satoshi Nagai
- Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency, 2-12-4 Fukuura, Kanazawa, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 236-8648, Japan
| | - Vera L Trainer
- Olympic Natural Resources Center, School of Environmental and Forest Sciences, University of Washington, Box 352100, Seattle, Washington, 98195, USA
| | - Jennifer L Wolny
- Office of Regulatory Science, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, United States Food and Drug Administration, College Park, Maryland, 20740, USA
| | - Craig S Young
- School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, Stony Brook University, Southampton, New York, 11968, USA
| | - Juliette L Smith
- Virginia Institute of Marine Science, William & Mary, Gloucester Point, Virginia, 23062, USA
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31
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Lim CC, Yoon J, Reynolds K, Gerald LB, Ault AP, Heo S, Bell ML. Harmful algal bloom aerosols and human health. EBioMedicine 2023; 93:104604. [PMID: 37164781 PMCID: PMC10363441 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2023.104604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Harmful algal blooms (HABs) are increasing across many locations globally. Toxins from HABs can be incorporated into aerosols and transported inland, where subsequent exposure and inhalation can induce adverse health effects. However, the relationship between HAB aerosols and health outcomes remains unclear despite the potential for population-level exposures. In this review, we synthesized the current state of knowledge and identified evidence gaps in the relationship between HAB aerosols and human health. Aerosols from Karenia brevis, Ostreopsis sp., and cyanobacteria were linked with respiratory outcomes. However, most works did not directly measure aerosol or toxin concentrations and instead relied on proxy metrics of exposure, such as cell concentrations in nearby waterbodies. Furthermore, the number of studies with epidemiological designs was limited. Significant uncertainties remain regarding the health effects of other HAB species; threshold dose and the dose-response relationship; effects of concurrent exposures to mixtures of toxins and other aerosol sources, such as microplastics and metals; the impact of long-term exposures; and disparities in exposures and associated health effects across potentially vulnerable subpopulations. Additional studies employing multifaceted exposure assessment methods and leveraging large health databases could address such gaps and improve our understanding of the public health burden of HABs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris C Lim
- Zuckerman College of Public Health, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA.
| | - Jeonggyo Yoon
- Zuckerman College of Public Health, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Kelly Reynolds
- Zuckerman College of Public Health, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Lynn B Gerald
- Population Health Sciences Program, Office of the Vice Chancellor for Health Affairs, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Andrew P Ault
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Seulkee Heo
- School of the Environment, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Michelle L Bell
- School of the Environment, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
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Nguyen PQ, Huang X, Collins DS, Collins JJ, Lu T. Harnessing synthetic biology to enhance ocean health. Trends Biotechnol 2023; 41:860-874. [PMID: 36669947 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2022.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Ocean health is faltering, its capability for regeneration and renewal being eroded by a steady pulse of anthropomorphic impacts. Plastic waste has infiltrated all ocean biomes, climate change threatens coral reefs with extinction, and eutrophication has unleashed vast algal blooms. In the face of these challenges, synthetic biology approaches may hold untapped solutions to mitigate adverse effects, repair ecosystems, and put us on a path towards sustainable stewardship of our planet. Leveraging synthetic biology tools would enable innovative engineering approaches to augment the natural adaptive capacity of ocean biological systems to cope with the swiftness of human-induced change. Here, we present a framework for developing synthetic biology solutions for the challenges of plastic pollution, coral bleaching, and harmful algal blooms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Q Nguyen
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Xiaoning Huang
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Daniel S Collins
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Biology and Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - James J Collins
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA; Institute for Medical Engineering & Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA; Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
| | - Ting Lu
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA; Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA; Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA; Center for Biophysics and Quantitative Biology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA; National Center for Supercomputing Applications, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.
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33
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Yu L, Li T, Li H, Ma M, Li L, Lin S. In Situ Molecular Ecological Analyses Illuminate Distinct Factors Regulating Formation and Demise of a Harmful Dinoflagellate Bloom. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0515722. [PMID: 37074171 PMCID: PMC10269597 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.05157-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The development and demise of a harmful algal bloom (HAB) are generally regulated by multiple processes; identifying specific critical drivers for a specific bloom is important yet challenging. Here, we conducted a whole-assemblage molecular ecological study on a dinoflagellate bloom to address the hypothesis that energy and nutrient acquisition, defense against grazing and microbial attacks, and sexual reproduction are critical to the rise and demise of the bloom. Microscopic and molecular analyses identified the bloom-causing species as Karenia longicanalis and showed that the ciliate Strombidinopsis sp. was dominant in a nonbloom plankton community, whereas the diatom Chaetoceros sp. dominated the after-bloom community, along with remarkable shifts in the community structure for both eukaryotes and prokaryotes. Metatranscriptomic analysis indicated that heightened energy and nutrient acquisition in K. longicanalis significantly contributed to bloom development. In contrast, active grazing by the ciliate Strombidinopsis sp. and attacks by algicidal bacteria (Rhodobacteracea, Cryomorphaceae, and Rhodobacteracea) and viruses prevented (at nonbloom stage) or collapsed the bloom (in after-bloom stage). Additionally, nutrition competition by the Chaetoceros diatoms plausibly contributed to bloom demise. The findings suggest the importance of energy and nutrients in promoting this K. longicanalis bloom and the failure of antimicrobial defense and competition of diatoms as the major bloom suppressor and terminator. This study provides novel insights into bloom-regulating mechanisms and the first transcriptomic data set of K. longicanalis, which will be a valuable resource and essential foundation for further elucidation of bloom regulators of this and related species of Kareniaceae in the future. IMPORTANCE HABs have increasingly occurred and impacted human health, aquatic ecosystems, and coastal economies. Despite great efforts, the factors that drive the development and termination of a bloom are poorly understood, largely due to inadequate in situ data about the physiology and metabolism of the causal species and the community. Using an integrative molecular ecological approach, we determined that heightened energy and nutrient acquisition promoted the bloom, while resource allocation in defense and failure to defend against grazing and microbial attacks likely prevented or terminated the bloom. Our findings reveal the differential roles of multiple abiotic and biotic environmental factors in driving the formation or demise of a toxic dinoflagellate bloom, suggesting the importance of a balanced biodiverse ecosystem in preventing a dinoflagellate bloom. The study also demonstrates the power of whole-assemblage metatranscriptomics coupled to DNA barcoding in illuminating plankton ecological processes and the underlying species and functional diversities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liying Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science and College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- Central Laboratory, Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China
| | - Tangcheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science and College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Hongfei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science and College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Minglei Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science and College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Ling Li
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science and College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Senjie Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science and College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- Department of Marine Sciences, University of Connecticut, Groton, Connecticut, USA
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Shartau RB, Turcotte LDM, Bradshaw JC, Ross ARS, Surridge BD, Nemcek N, Johnson SC. Dissolved Algal Toxins along the Southern Coast of British Columbia Canada. Toxins (Basel) 2023; 15:395. [PMID: 37368696 DOI: 10.3390/toxins15060395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Revised: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Harmful algal blooms (HABs) in coastal British Columbia (BC), Canada, negatively impact the salmon aquaculture industry. One disease of interest to salmon aquaculture is Net Pen Liver Disease (NPLD), which induces severe liver damage and is believed to be caused by the exposure to microcystins (MCs). To address the lack of information about algal toxins in BC marine environments and the risk they pose, this study investigated the presence of MCs and other toxins at aquaculture sites. Sampling was carried out using discrete water samples and Solid Phase Adsorption Toxin Tracking (SPATT) samplers from 2017-2019. All 283 SPATT samples and all 81 water samples tested positive for MCs. Testing for okadaic acid (OA) and domoic acid (DA) occurred in 66 and 43 samples, respectively, and all samples were positive for the toxin tested. Testing for dinophysistoxin-1 (DTX-1) (20 samples), pectenotoxin-2 (PTX-2) (20 samples), and yessotoxin (YTX) (17 samples) revealed that all samples were positive for the tested toxins. This study revealed the presence of multiple co-occurring toxins in BC's coastal waters and the levels detected in this study were below the regulatory limits for health and recreational use. This study expands our limited knowledge of algal toxins in coastal BC and shows that further studies are needed to understand the risks they pose to marine fisheries and ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan B Shartau
- Department of Biology, The University of Texas at Tyler, Tyler, TX 75799, USA
- Pacific Biological Station, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Nanaimo, BC V9T 6N7, Canada
| | - Lenora D M Turcotte
- Pacific Biological Station, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Nanaimo, BC V9T 6N7, Canada
| | - Julia C Bradshaw
- Pacific Biological Station, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Nanaimo, BC V9T 6N7, Canada
| | - Andrew R S Ross
- Institute of Ocean Sciences, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Sidney, BC V8L 4B2, Canada
| | | | - Nina Nemcek
- Institute of Ocean Sciences, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Sidney, BC V8L 4B2, Canada
| | - Stewart C Johnson
- Pacific Biological Station, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Nanaimo, BC V9T 6N7, Canada
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Wisecaver JH, Auber RP, Pendleton AL, Watervoort NF, Fallon TR, Riedling OL, Manning SR, Moore BS, Driscoll WW. Extreme genome diversity and cryptic speciation in a harmful algal-bloom-forming eukaryote. Curr Biol 2023; 33:2246-2259.e8. [PMID: 37224809 PMCID: PMC10247466 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2023.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Harmful algal blooms of the toxic haptophyte Prymnesium parvum are a recurrent problem in many inland and estuarine waters around the world. Strains of P. parvum vary in the toxins they produce and in other physiological traits associated with harmful algal blooms, but the genetic basis for this variation is unknown. To investigate genome diversity in this morphospecies, we generated genome assemblies for 15 phylogenetically and geographically diverse strains of P. parvum, including Hi-C guided, near-chromosome-level assemblies for two strains. Comparative analysis revealed considerable DNA content variation between strains, ranging from 115 to 845 Mbp. Strains included haploids, diploids, and polyploids, but not all differences in DNA content were due to variation in genome copy number. Haploid genome size between strains of different chemotypes differed by as much as 243 Mbp. Syntenic and phylogenetic analyses indicate that UTEX 2797, a common laboratory strain from Texas, is a hybrid that retains two phylogenetically distinct haplotypes. Investigation of gene families variably present across the strains identified several functional categories associated with metabolic and genome size variation in P. parvum, including genes for the biosynthesis of toxic metabolites and proliferation of transposable elements. Together, our results indicate that P. parvum comprises multiple cryptic species. These genomes provide a robust phylogenetic and genomic framework for investigations into the eco-physiological consequences of the intra- and inter-specific genetic variation present in P. parvum and demonstrate the need for similar resources for other harmful algal-bloom-forming morphospecies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer H Wisecaver
- Department of Biochemistry, Purdue University, 175 S University St, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; Purdue Center for Plant Biology, Purdue University, 175 S University St, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
| | - Robert P Auber
- Department of Biochemistry, Purdue University, 175 S University St, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; Purdue Center for Plant Biology, Purdue University, 175 S University St, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Amanda L Pendleton
- Department of Biochemistry, Purdue University, 175 S University St, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; Purdue Center for Plant Biology, Purdue University, 175 S University St, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Nathan F Watervoort
- Department of Biochemistry, Purdue University, 175 S University St, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; Purdue Center for Plant Biology, Purdue University, 175 S University St, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Timothy R Fallon
- Center for Marine Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Scripps Institution of Oceanography and University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr #0204, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Olivia L Riedling
- Department of Biochemistry, Purdue University, 175 S University St, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; Purdue Center for Plant Biology, Purdue University, 175 S University St, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Schonna R Manning
- Department of Biological Sciences, Institute of Environment, Florida International University, 3000 NE 151st Street, MSB 250B, North Miami, FL 33181, USA
| | - Bradley S Moore
- Center for Marine Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Scripps Institution of Oceanography and University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr #0204, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California at San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr #0204, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - William W Driscoll
- Department of Biology, Penn State Harrisburg, 777 W. Harrisburg Pike, Middletown, PA 17057, USA
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Simultaneous screening of multiple diarrhetic shellfish poisons with group-specific split aptamers and silver nanocluster beacon. Food Chem 2023; 410:135389. [PMID: 36623457 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.135389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Poisoning events concerning diarrhetic shellfish poisons (DSPs) are increasing continually. It is extremely necessary to develop simple analysis methods for screening simultaneously different types of DSPs from food-related samples. Okadaic acid (OA) and its analogues, i.e., dinophysistoxin-1 (DTX-1) and dinophysistoxin-2 (DTX-2), are the prevalent DSPs. Herein, a facile and label-free fluorescent aptasensor targeting the three DSPs was constructed with a pair of group-specific split aptamers and silver nanocluster beacon. In presence of the targets, the DNA templates attached at the ends of the split aptamers would be dragged close to trigger enhanced fluorescence signals from silver nanoclusters. The aptasensor offered high sensitivity and good selectivity, with limit of detection of 2.282 nmolL-1, 19.38 nmolL-1, and 13.61 nmolL-1 for OA, DTX-1, and DTX-2, respectively. Moreover, the applicability of aptasensor was well verified with shellfish and seawater samples. This study provides good reference for further exploration on analysis methods for food-related molecules.
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Fujiyoshi S, Yarimizu K, Fuenzalida G, Campos M, Rilling JI, Acuña JJ, Miranda PC, Cascales EK, Perera I, Espinoza-González O, Guzmán L, Jorquera MA, Maruyama F. Monitoring bacterial composition and assemblage in the Gulf of Corcovado, southern Chile: Bacteria associated with harmful algae. CURRENT RESEARCH IN MICROBIAL SCIENCES 2023; 4:100194. [PMID: 37346179 PMCID: PMC10279789 DOI: 10.1016/j.crmicr.2023.100194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Harmful Algal Blooms (HABs) have caused damage to the marine environment in Isla San Pedro in the Gulf of Corcovado, Chile. While rising water temperature and artificial eutrophication are the most discussed topics as a cause, marine bacteria is a recent attractive parameter as an algal bloom driver. This study monitored algal and bacterial compositions in the water of Isla San Pedro for one year using microscopy and 16S rRNA metabarcoding analysis, along with physicochemical parameters. The collected data were analyzed with various statistical tools to understand how the particle-associated bacteria (PA) and the free-living (FL) bacteria were possibly involved in algal blooms. Both FL and PA fractions maintained a stable bacterial composition: the FL fraction was dominated by Proteobacteria (α-Proteobacteria and γ-Proteobacteria), and Cyanobacteria dominated the PA fraction. The two fractions contained equivalent bacterial taxonomic richness (c.a. 8,000 Operational Taxonomic Units) and shared more than 50% of OTU; however, roughly 20% was exclusive to each fraction. The four most abundant algal genera in the Isla San Pedro water were Thalassiosira, Skeletonema, Chaetoceros, and Pseudo-nitzchia. Statistical analysis identified that the bacterial species Polycyclovorans algicola was correlated with Pseudo-nitzschia spp., and our monitoring data recorded a sudden increase of particle-associated Polycyclovorans algicola shortly after the increase of Pseudo-nitzschia, suggesting that P. algicola may have regression effect on Pseudo-nitzschia spp. The study also investigated the physicochemical parameter effect on algal-bacterial interactions. Oxygen concentration and chlorophyll-a showed a strong correlation with both FL and PA bacteria despite their assemblage differences, suggesting that the two groups had different mechanisms for interacting with algal species.
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Affiliation(s)
- So Fujiyoshi
- Microbial Genomics and Ecology, The IDEC Institute, Hiroshima University, 1-3-2 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima City, Hiroshima 739-8511, Japan
| | - Kyoko Yarimizu
- Microbial Genomics and Ecology, The IDEC Institute, Hiroshima University, 1-3-2 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima City, Hiroshima 739-8511, Japan
| | - Gonzalo Fuenzalida
- Centro de Estudios de Algas Nocivas (CREAN), Instituto de Fomento Pesquero (IFOP), Padre Harter 574, Puerto Montt 5480000, Chile
- Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Santo Tomás, Buena Vecindad #91, Puerto Montt, Chile
| | - Marco Campos
- Laboratorio de Ecología Microbiana Aplicada (EMAlab), Departamento de Ciencias Quimicas y Recursos Naturales, Universidad de La Frontera, Ave. Francisco Salazar 01145, Temuco 4811230, Chile
| | - Joaquin-Ignacio Rilling
- Laboratorio de Ecología Microbiana Aplicada (EMAlab), Departamento de Ciencias Quimicas y Recursos Naturales, Universidad de La Frontera, Ave. Francisco Salazar 01145, Temuco 4811230, Chile
| | - Jacquelinne J. Acuña
- Laboratorio de Ecología Microbiana Aplicada (EMAlab), Departamento de Ciencias Quimicas y Recursos Naturales, Universidad de La Frontera, Ave. Francisco Salazar 01145, Temuco 4811230, Chile
| | - Pedro Calabrano Miranda
- Centro de Estudios de Algas Nocivas (CREAN), Instituto de Fomento Pesquero (IFOP), Padre Harter 574, Puerto Montt 5480000, Chile
| | - Emma-Karin Cascales
- Centro de Estudios de Algas Nocivas (CREAN), Instituto de Fomento Pesquero (IFOP), Padre Harter 574, Puerto Montt 5480000, Chile
| | - Ishara Perera
- Microbial Genomics and Ecology, The IDEC Institute, Hiroshima University, 1-3-2 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima City, Hiroshima 739-8511, Japan
| | - Oscar Espinoza-González
- Centro de Estudios de Algas Nocivas (CREAN), Instituto de Fomento Pesquero (IFOP), Padre Harter 574, Puerto Montt 5480000, Chile
| | - Leonardo Guzmán
- Centro de Estudios de Algas Nocivas (CREAN), Instituto de Fomento Pesquero (IFOP), Padre Harter 574, Puerto Montt 5480000, Chile
| | - Milko A. Jorquera
- Laboratorio de Ecología Microbiana Aplicada (EMAlab), Departamento de Ciencias Quimicas y Recursos Naturales, Universidad de La Frontera, Ave. Francisco Salazar 01145, Temuco 4811230, Chile
| | - Fumito Maruyama
- Microbial Genomics and Ecology, The IDEC Institute, Hiroshima University, 1-3-2 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima City, Hiroshima 739-8511, Japan
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Nagai S, Basti L, Uchida H, Kuribayashi T, Natsuike M, Sildever S, Nakayama N, Lum WM, Matsushima R. Growth, Toxin Content and Production of Dinophysis Norvegica in Cultured Strains Isolated from Funka Bay (Japan). Toxins (Basel) 2023; 15:toxins15050318. [PMID: 37235353 DOI: 10.3390/toxins15050318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The successful cultivation of Dinophysis norvegica Claparède & Lachmann, 1859, isolated from Japanese coastal waters, is presented in this study, which also includes an examination of its toxin content and production for the first time. Maintaining the strains at a high abundance (>2000 cells per mL-1) for more than 20 months was achieved by feeding them with the ciliate Mesodinium rubrum Lohmann, 1908, along with the addition of the cryptophyte Teleaulax amphioxeia (W.Conrad) D.R.A.Hill, 1992. Toxin production was examined using seven established strains. At the end of the one-month incubation period, the total amounts of pectenotoxin-2 (PTX2) and dinophysistoxin-1 (DTX1) ranged between 132.0 and 375.0 ng per mL-1 (n = 7), and 0.7 and 3.6 ng per mL-1 (n = 3), respectively. Furthermore, only one strain was found to contain a trace level of okadaic acid (OA). Similarly, the cell quota of pectenotoxin-2 (PTX2) and dinophysistoxin-1 (DTX1) ranged from 60.6 to 152.4 pg per cell-1 (n = 7) and 0.5 to 1.2 pg per cell-1 (n = 3), respectively. The results of this study indicate that toxin production in this species is subject to variation depending on the strain. According to the growth experiment, D. norvegica exhibited a long lag phase, as suggested by the slow growth observed during the first 12 days. In the growth experiment, D. norvegica grew very slowly for the first 12 days, suggesting they had a long lag phase. However, after that, they grew exponentially, with a maximum growth rate of 0.56 divisions per day (during Days 24-27), reaching a maximum concentration of 3000 cells per mL-1 at the end of the incubation (Day 36). In the toxin production study, the concentration of DTX1 and PTX2 increased following their vegetative growth, but the toxin production still increased exponentially on Day 36 (1.3 ng per mL-1 and 154.7 ng per mL-1 of DTX1 and PTX2, respectively). The concentration of OA remained below detectable levels (≤0.010 ng per mL-1) during the 36-day incubation period, with the exception of Day 6. This study presents new information on the toxin production and content of D. norvegica, as well as insights into the maintenance and culturing of this species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Nagai
- Coastal and Inland Fisheries Division, Fisheries Technology Institute, Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency, 2-12-4 Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama 236-8648, Japan
| | - Leila Basti
- Department of Integrative Agriculture, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- Faculty of Marine Resources and Environment, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, 4-5-7 Konan, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8477, Japan
| | - Hajime Uchida
- Seafood Safety and Technology Division, Fisheries Technology Institute, Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency, 2-12-4 Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama 236-8648, Japan
| | - Takanori Kuribayashi
- Headquarters, Hokkaido Research Organization, Kita 19 Nishi 11, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0819, Japan
| | - Masafumi Natsuike
- Hakodate Fisheries Research Institute, Hokkaido Research Organization, 20-5 Benten-cho, Hakodate 040-0051, Japan
| | - Sirje Sildever
- Department of Marine Systems, Tallinn University of Technology, Akadeemia tee 15A, 12618 Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Natsuko Nakayama
- Environmental Conservation Division, Fisheries Technology Institute, Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency, 2-17-5 Maruishi, Hatsukaichi 739-0452, Japan
| | - Wai Mun Lum
- Coastal and Inland Fisheries Division, Fisheries Technology Institute, Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency, 2-12-4 Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama 236-8648, Japan
- Department of Aquatic Bioscience, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Ryuji Matsushima
- Seafood Safety and Technology Division, Fisheries Technology Institute, Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency, 2-12-4 Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama 236-8648, Japan
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De la Paz JF, Zambrano NO, Ortiz FC, Llanos-Rivera A. A New Bioassay for the Detection of Paralytic and Amnesic Biotoxins Based on Motor Behavior Impairments of Zebrafish Larvae. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087466. [PMID: 37108629 PMCID: PMC10144378 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The global concern about the increase of harmful algal bloom events and the possible impacts on food safety and aquatic ecosystems presents the necessity for the development of more accessible techniques for biotoxin detection for screening purposes. Considering the numerous advantages that zebrafish present as a biological model and particularly as a toxicants sentinel, we designed a sensitive and accessible test to determine the activity of paralytic and amnesic biotoxins using zebrafish larvae immersion. The ZebraBioTox bioassay is based on the automated recording of larval locomotor activity using an IR microbeam locomotion detector, and manual assessment of four complementary responses under a simple stereoscope: survival, periocular edema, body balance, and touch response. This 24 h acute static bioassay was set up in 96-well microplates using 5 dpf zebrafish larvae. For paralytic toxins, a significant decrease in locomotor activity and touch response of the larvae was detected, allowing a detection threshold of 0.1-0.2 µg/mL STXeq. In the case of the amnesic toxin the effect was reversed, detecting hyperactivity with a detection threshold of 10 µg/mL domoic acid. We propose that this assay might be used as a complementary tool for environmental safety monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javiera F De la Paz
- Laboratorio de Embriotoxicología e Interacción Desarrollo Ambiente (LEIDA), Departamento de Biología Celular, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción 4070386, Chile
- Laboratorio de Toxicología Acuática, Departamento de Oceanografía, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Oceanográficas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción 4070386, Chile
- Danio Biotechnologies, SpA, Santiago 8271199, Chile
| | - Nicolás O Zambrano
- Laboratorio de Toxicología Acuática, Departamento de Oceanografía, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Oceanográficas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción 4070386, Chile
- Danio Biotechnologies, SpA, Santiago 8271199, Chile
| | - Fernando C Ortiz
- Mechanisms of Myelin Formation and Repair Laboratory, Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Av. Alameda 3363, Estación Central, Santiago 9170022, Chile
| | - Alejandra Llanos-Rivera
- Laboratorio de Toxicología Acuática, Departamento de Oceanografía, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Oceanográficas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción 4070386, Chile
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40
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Tomasetti SJ, Hallinan BD, Tettelbach ST, Volkenborn N, Doherty OW, Allam B, Gobler CJ. Warming and hypoxia reduce the performance and survival of northern bay scallops (Argopecten irradians irradians) amid a fishery collapse. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2023; 29:2092-2107. [PMID: 36625070 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.16575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Warming temperatures and diminishing dissolved oxygen (DO) concentrations are among the most pervasive drivers of global coastal change. While regions of the Northwest Atlantic Ocean are experiencing greater than average warming, the combined effects of thermal and hypoxic stress on marine life in this region are poorly understood. Populations of the northern bay scallop, Argopecten irradians irradians across the northeast United States have experienced severe declines in recent decades. This study used a combination of high-resolution (~1 km) satellite-based temperature records, long-term temperature and DO records, field and laboratory experiments, and high-frequency measures of scallop cardiac activity in an ecosystem setting to quantify decadal summer warming and assess the vulnerability of northern bay scallops to thermal and hypoxic stress across their geographic distribution. From 2003 to 2020, significant summer warming (up to ~0.2°C year-1 ) occurred across most of the bay scallop range. At a New York field site in 2020, all individuals perished during an 8-day estuarine heatwave that coincided with severe diel-cycling hypoxia. Yet at a Massachusetts site with comparable DO levels but lower daily mean temperatures, mortality was not observed. A 96-h laboratory experiment recreating observed daily temperatures of 25 or 29°C, and normoxia or hypoxia (22.2% air saturation), revealed a 120-fold increased likelihood of mortality in the 29°C-hypoxic treatment compared with control conditions, with scallop clearance rates also reduced by 97%. Cardiac activity measurements during a field deployment indicated that low DO and elevated daily temperatures modulate oxygen consumption rates and likely impact aerobic scope. Collectively, these findings suggest that concomitant thermal and hypoxic stress can have detrimental effects on scallop physiology and survival and potentially disrupt entire fisheries. Recovery of hypoxic systems may benefit vulnerable fisheries under continued warming.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Brendan D Hallinan
- School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, Stony Brook University, Southampton, New York, USA
| | | | - Nils Volkenborn
- School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | | | - Bassem Allam
- School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - Christopher J Gobler
- School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, Stony Brook University, Southampton, New York, USA
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41
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Batista FM, Hatfield R, Powell A, Baker-Austin C, Lowther J, Turner AD. Methodological advances in the detection of biotoxins and pathogens affecting production and consumption of bivalve molluscs in a changing environment. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2023; 80:102896. [PMID: 36773575 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2023.102896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
The production, harvesting and safe consumption of bivalve molluscs can be disrupted by biological hazards that can be divided into three categories: (1) biotoxins produced by naturally occurring phytoplankton that are bioaccumulated by bivalves during filter-feeding, (2) human pathogens also bioaccumulated by bivalves and (3) bivalve pathogens responsible for disease outbreaks. Environmental changes caused by human activities, such as climate change, can further aggravate these challenges. Early detection and accurate quantification of these hazards are key to implementing measures to mitigate their impact on production and safeguard consumers. This review summarises the methods currently used and the technological advances in the detection of biological hazards affecting bivalves, for the screening of known hazards and discovery of new ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frederico M Batista
- Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science (Cefas), Weymouth, Dorset DT4 8UB, United Kingdom.
| | - Robert Hatfield
- Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science (Cefas), Weymouth, Dorset DT4 8UB, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew Powell
- Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science (Cefas), Weymouth, Dorset DT4 8UB, United Kingdom
| | - Craig Baker-Austin
- Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science (Cefas), Weymouth, Dorset DT4 8UB, United Kingdom
| | - James Lowther
- Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science (Cefas), Weymouth, Dorset DT4 8UB, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew D Turner
- Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science (Cefas), Weymouth, Dorset DT4 8UB, United Kingdom
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42
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Díaz PA, Pérez-Santos I, Basti L, Garreaud R, Pinilla E, Barrera F, Tello A, Schwerter C, Arenas-Uribe S, Soto-Riquelme C, Navarro P, Díaz M, Álvarez G, Linford PM, Altamirano R, Mancilla-Gutiérrez G, Rodríguez-Villegas C, Figueroa RI. The impact of local and climate change drivers on the formation, dynamics, and potential recurrence of a massive fish-killing microalgal bloom in Patagonian fjord. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 865:161288. [PMID: 36587668 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.161288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Harmful algal blooms (HABs) in southern Chile are a serious threat to public health, tourism, artisanal fisheries, and aquaculture in this region. Ichthyotoxic HAB species have recently become a major annual threat to the Chilean salmon farming industry, due to their severe economic impacts. In early austral autumn 2021, an intense bloom of the raphidophyte Heterosigma akashiwo was detected in Comau Fjord, Chilean Patagonia, resulting in a high mortality of farmed salmon (nearly 6000 tons of biomass) within 15 days. H. akashiwo cells were first detected at the head of the fjord on March 16, 2021 (up to 478 cells mL-1). On March 31, the cell density at the surface had reached a maximum of 2 × 105 cells mL-1, with intense brown spots visible on the water surface. Strong and persistent high-pressure anomalies over the southern tip of South America, consistent with the positive phase of the Southern Annular Mode (SAM), resulted in extremely dry conditions, high solar radiation, and strong southerly winds. A coupling of these features with the high water retention times inside the fjord can explain the spatial-temporal dynamics of this bloom event. Other factors, such as the internal local physical uplift process (favored by the north-to-south orientation of the fjord), salt-fingering events, and the uplift of subantarctic deep-water renewal, likely resulted in the injection of nutrients into the euphotic layer, which in turn could have promoted cell growth and thus high microalgal cell densities, such as reached by the bloom.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricio A Díaz
- Centro i~mar, Universidad de Los Lagos, Casilla 557, Puerto Montt, Chile; CeBiB, Universidad de Los Lagos, Casilla 557, Puerto Montt, Chile.
| | - Iván Pérez-Santos
- Centro i~mar, Universidad de Los Lagos, Casilla 557, Puerto Montt, Chile; Center for Oceanographic Research COPAS Sur-Austral and COPAS COASTAL, Universidad de Concepción, Chile; Centro de Investigaciones en Ecosistemas de la Patagonia (CIEP), Coyhaique, Chile
| | - Leila Basti
- Faculty of Marine Environment and Resources, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, 108-8477 Tokyo, Japan; College of Agriculture and Veterinary Science, Department of Integrative Agriculture, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - René Garreaud
- Departamento de Geofísica, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8370449, Región Metropolitana, Chile; Centro de Ciencia del Clima y la Resiliencia (CR2), Universidad de Chile, Chile
| | - Elias Pinilla
- Instituto de Fomento Pesquero (IFOP), Putemún, Castro, Chile; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Maine, 5711 Boardman Hall, Orono, ME, USA
| | - Facundo Barrera
- Centro i~mar, Universidad de Los Lagos, Casilla 557, Puerto Montt, Chile; Centro de Ciencia del Clima y la Resiliencia (CR2), Universidad de Chile, Chile
| | | | - Camila Schwerter
- Centro i~mar, Universidad de Los Lagos, Casilla 557, Puerto Montt, Chile
| | - Sara Arenas-Uribe
- Centro i~mar, Universidad de Los Lagos, Casilla 557, Puerto Montt, Chile
| | | | - Pilar Navarro
- Centro i~mar, Universidad de Los Lagos, Casilla 557, Puerto Montt, Chile
| | - Manuel Díaz
- Instituto de Acuicultura & Programa de Investigación Pesquera, Universidad Austral de Chile, Los Pinos s/n, Puerto Montt, Chile
| | - Gonzalo Álvarez
- Facultad de Ciencias del Mar, Departamento de Acuicultura, Universidad Católica del Norte, Coquimbo 1281, Chile; Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo Tecnológico en Algas (CIDTA), Facultad de Ciencias del Mar, Larrondo 1281, Universidad Católica del Norte, Coquimbo, Chile
| | - Pamela M Linford
- Centro i~mar, Universidad de Los Lagos, Casilla 557, Puerto Montt, Chile
| | | | | | - Camilo Rodríguez-Villegas
- Centro i~mar, Universidad de Los Lagos, Casilla 557, Puerto Montt, Chile; CeBiB, Universidad de Los Lagos, Casilla 557, Puerto Montt, Chile
| | - Rosa I Figueroa
- Centro Oceanográfico de Vigo, Instituto Español de Oceanografía (IEO-CSIC), Vigo, Spain
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Liu H, Yang L, Chen H, Chen M, Zhang P, Ding N. Preparation of floating BiOCl 0.6I 0.4/ZnO photocatalyst and its inactivation of Microcystis aeruginosa under visible light. J Environ Sci (China) 2023; 125:362-375. [PMID: 36375921 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2021.12.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Frequent occurrence of harmful algal blooms has already threatened aquatic life and human health. In the present study, floating BiOCl0.6I0.4/ZnO photocatalyst was synthesized in situ by water bath method, and and applied in inactivation of Microcystis aeruginosa under visible light. The composition, morphology, chemical states, optical properties of the photocatalyst were also characterized. The results showed that BiOCl0.6I0.4 exhibited laminated nanosheet structure with regular shape, and the light response range of the composite BZ/EP-3 (BiOCl0.6I0.4/ZnO/EP-3) was tuned from 582 to 638 nm. The results of photocatalytic experiments indicated that BZ/EP-3 composite had stronger photocatalytic activity than a single BiOCl0.6I0.4 and ZnO, and the removal rate of chlorophyll a was 89.28% after 6 hr of photocatalytic reaction. The photosynthetic system was destroyed and cell membrane of algae ruptured under photocatalysis, resulting in the decrease of phycobiliprotein components and the release of a large number of ions (K+, Ca2+ and Mg2+). Furthermore, active species trapping experiment determined that holes (h+) and superoxide radicals (·O2-) were the main active substance for the inactivation of algae, and the p-n mechanism of photocatalyst was proposed. Overall, BZ/EP-3 showed excellent algal removal ability under visible light, providing fundamental theories for practical algae pollution control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Technology, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China.
| | - Liuliu Yang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Technology, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
| | - Houwang Chen
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Technology, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
| | - Meng Chen
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Technology, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Technology, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
| | - Ning Ding
- Key Laboratory of Cleaner Production and Comprehensive Utilization of Resources, China National Light Industry, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
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Chen YL, Zhao LS, Zhou A, Shen SL. Evaluation of environmental impact of red tide around Pearl River Estuary, Guangdong, China. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 185:105892. [PMID: 36689845 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2023.105892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
This paper presents a case study of red tide hazards around the Pearl River Estuary (PRE). Red tide hazards, meteorological data, and seawater monitoring data were collected from 1996 to 2020 at different locations around the PRE to investigate the internal and external factors influencing the occurrence of red tides. The enhancement of the assessment of estuarine trophic status (ASSETS) method enables us to evaluate the effects of meteorological factors and seawater eutrophication status on the red tide risk level. Using ASSETS, we established a framework for red tide risk assessment of the Pearl River Estuary. We analysed the external and internal factors causing the red tide based on meteorological data and seawater monitoring data in the PRE. The results show that the temperature was higher than the annual monthly average temperature of 1.265 °C, and east and north winds at velocities of 3-4 m/s could result in the formation of red tides. However, precipitation inhibits the formation of the red tide in PRE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Lin Chen
- Department of Civil Engineering, School of Naval Architecture, Ocean, and Civil Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Lin-Shuang Zhao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Intelligent Manufacturing Technology, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, College of Engineering, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong, 515063, China.
| | - Annan Zhou
- Discipline of Civil and Infrastructure Engineering, School of Engineering, Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology, Victoria, 3001, Australia
| | - Shui-Long Shen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Intelligent Manufacturing Technology, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, College of Engineering, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong, 515063, China.
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45
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Liang D, Xiang H, Jin P, Xia J. Response mechanism of harmful algae Phaeocystis globosa to ocean warming and acidification. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 320:121008. [PMID: 36608724 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Simultaneous ocean warming and acidification will alter marine ecosystem structure and directly affect marine organisms. The alga Phaeocystis globosa commonly causes harmful algal blooms in coastal areas of eastern China. P. globosa often outcompetes other species due to its heterotypic life cycle, primarily including colonies and various types of solitary cells. However, little is known about the adaptive response of P. globosa to ocean warming and acidification. This study aimed to reveal the global molecular regulatory networks implicated in the response of P. globosa to simultaneous warming and acidification. After exposure to warming and acidification, the phosphatidylinositol (PI) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways of P. globosa were activated to regulate other molecular pathways in the cell, while the light harvesting complex (LHC) genes were downregulated to decrease photosynthesis. Exposure to warming and acidification also altered the intracellular energy flow, with more energy allocated to the TCA cycle rather than to the biosynthesis of fatty acids and hemolytic substances. The upregulation of genes associated with glycosaminoglycan (GAG) degradation prevented the accumulation of polysaccharides, which led to a reduction in colony formation. Finally, the upregulation of the Mre11 and Rad50 genes in response to warming and acidification implied an increase in meiosis, which may be used by P. globosa to increase the number of solitary cells. The increase in genetic diversity through sexual reproduction may be a strategy of P. globosa that supports rapid response to complex environments. Thus, the life cycle of P. globosa underwent a transition from colonies to solitary cells in response to warming and acidification, suggesting that this species may be able to rapidly adapt to future climate changes through life cycle transitions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dayong Liang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Hua Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Tropical Oceanography (LTO), South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China
| | - Peng Jin
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Jianrong Xia
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
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Nishizawa S, Ouchi H, Suzuki H, Ohnishi T, Sasaki S, Oyagi Y, Kanakogi M, Matsumura Y, Nakagawa S, Asakawa T, Egi M, Inai M, Yoshimura F, Takita R, Kan T. Total synthesis of (-)-domoic acid, a potent ionotropic glutamate receptor agonist and the key compound in oceanic harmful algal blooms. Org Biomol Chem 2023; 21:1653-1656. [PMID: 36723220 DOI: 10.1039/d2ob02325c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The stereo-controlled total synthesis of (-)-domoic acid is described. The critical construction of the C1'-C2' Z-configuration was accomplished by taking advantage of an unsaturated lactam structure. The side chain fragment was introduced in the final stages of synthesis through a modified Julia-Kocieński reaction, aiming for its efficient derivatization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigeru Nishizawa
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan.
| | - Hitoshi Ouchi
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan.
| | - Hiroto Suzuki
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan.
| | - Takuma Ohnishi
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan.
| | - Shingo Sasaki
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan.
| | - Yu Oyagi
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan.
| | - Masaki Kanakogi
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan.
| | - Yoshitaka Matsumura
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan.
| | - Shunsuke Nakagawa
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan.
| | - Tomohiro Asakawa
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan.
| | - Masahiro Egi
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan.
| | - Makoto Inai
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan.
| | - Fumihiko Yoshimura
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan.
| | - Ryo Takita
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan.
| | - Toshiyuki Kan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan.
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Ocean warming and acidification affect the transitional C:N:P ratio and macromolecular accumulation in the harmful raphidophyte Heterosigma akashiwo. Commun Biol 2023; 6:151. [PMID: 36747020 PMCID: PMC9902392 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-04524-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite an increase in ocean warming and acidification that is expected to increase the number of harmful algal species worldwide, the population of the raphidophyte Heterosigma akashiwo has been reported to be reduced. However, how this species physically and metabolically modifies transitional C:N:P ratio and macromolecule accumulation is unknown. Considering 1st, 10th, and 20th culture generations under present (low-temperature; low-carbon-dioxide [LTLC] 21 °C; pCO2 400 ppm) and future (high-temperature; high-carbon-dioxide [HTHC] 25 °C; pCO2 1000 ppm) ocean conditions, we examined transitional C:N:P ratio and macromolecule level changes and performed transcriptome sequencing. The results showed that compared to 1st generation cells, 20th generation cells under HTHC conditions showed a large decrease in carbon quota (QC: 34%), nitrogen quota (QN: 36%), and phosphorus quota (QP: 32%), which were reflected in an overall reduction in DNA and RNA quantity. Decreased activation of photosynthetic, carbon fixation and lipid metabolic pathways coincided with changes in photosynthetic efficiency, carbon concentration, and lipid accumulation after long-term (20th generation) exposure to HTHC conditions. We observed that these variations in internal metabolic pathways were caused by external changes in temperature, which activated the (Ca+) signaling pathway, and external changes in pCO2, which altered proton exchange pathways. Our results suggest that H. akashiwo in a temperate environment will undergo profound changes in C:N:P ratio and macromolecular properties, leading to programmed cell death, in the future.
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Du C, Sang W, Xu C, Jiang Z, Wang J, Fang Y, Zhu C, Wizi J, Akram MA, Ni L, Li S. Integrated transcriptomic and metabolomic analysis of Microcystis aeruginosa exposed to artemisinin sustained-release microspheres. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 443:130114. [PMID: 36368067 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.130114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Artemisinin sustained-release microspheres (ASMs) have been shown to inhibit Microcystis aeruginosa (M. aeruginosa) blooms. Previous studies have focused on inhibitory mechanism of ASMs on the physiological level of M. aeruginosa, but the algal inhibitory mechanism of ASMs has not been comprehensively and profoundly revealed. The study proposed to reveal the toxicity mechanism of ASMs on M. aeruginosa based on transcriptomics and metabolomics. After exposure to 0.2 g·L-1 ASMs for 7 days, M. aeruginosa biomass was significantly inhibited, with an inhibition rate (IR) of 47 % on day 7. Transcriptomic and metabolomic results showed that: (1) 478 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 251 differential metabolites (DMs) were obtained; (2) ASMs inhibited photosynthesis by blocking photosynthetic pigment synthesis, destroying photoreaction centers and photosynthetic carbon reactions; (3) ASMs reduced L-glutamic acid content and blocked glutathione (GSH) synthesis, leading to an imbalance in the antioxidant system; (4) ASM disrupted nitrogen metabolism and the hindered synthesis of various amino acids; (5) ASMs inhibited glyoxylate cycle and TCA cycle. This study provides an important prerequisite for the practical application of ASMs and a new perspective for the management of harmful algal blooms (HABs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Cunhao Du
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, 210098 Nanjing, China
| | - Wenlu Sang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, 210098 Nanjing, China
| | - Chu Xu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, 210098 Nanjing, China
| | - Zhiyun Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, 210098 Nanjing, China
| | - Jiajia Wang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, 210098 Nanjing, China
| | - Yuanyi Fang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, 210098 Nanjing, China
| | - Chengjie Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, 210098 Nanjing, China
| | - Jakpa Wizi
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, 210098 Nanjing, China
| | - Muhammad Asif Akram
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, 210098 Nanjing, China
| | - Lixiao Ni
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, 210098 Nanjing, China.
| | - Shiyin Li
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, 210023 Nanjing, China.
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Wang J, Li R, Liu B, Zhang Q, Wang X, Zhu Y, Zhang Y. Occurrence and distribution of lipophilic marine algal toxins in the coastal seawater of Southeast China and the South China Sea. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2023; 187:114584. [PMID: 36642003 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.114584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The composition, levels, and spatial distribution of dissolved lipophilic marine algal toxins (LMATs) including cyclic imines (CIs), yessotoxins (YTXs), okadaic acid (OA) and its derivatives, pectenotoxins (PTXs), azaspiracids (AZAs), and brevetoxins (BTXs) in the coastal waters of Southeast China (Xiamen) and the South China Sea (Hainan Island and Beibu Gulf) were investigated and compared for the first time. Dissolved AZA3 was firstly detected in the coastal seawater of China. OA and PTX2 were widely distributed in the three areas studied. Gymnodimine (GYM), 13-desmethyl spirolide C (SPX1), YTX, and homo-yessotoxins (h-YTX) were found mainly in the South China Sea. The average ∑LMAT concentrations in the coastal waters of Xiamen, Hainan Island, and Beibu Gulf were 10.02 ng/L, 4.21 ng/L, and 44.27 ng/L, respectively. More groups and much higher concentrations of LMATs occurred in the South China Sea than that in the other sea areas of China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiuming Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science of China (Xiamen University), College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Ruilong Li
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Beibei Liu
- Institute of Environmental and Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 570100, China
| | - Qinzhou Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science of China (Xiamen University), College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Xiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science of China (Xiamen University), College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Yaxian Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science of China (Xiamen University), College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China.
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50
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Pan L, He X, Chen J, Huang JJ, Wang Y, Liang S, Wang B. Detection, occurrence, influencing factors and environmental risks of paralytic shellfish toxins in seawater in a typical mariculture bay. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 313:137372. [PMID: 36435314 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.137372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Paralytic shellfish toxins (PSTs) producing algae are widely distributed in the global coastal aquatic environment, posing a threat to coastal ecosystem health and mariculture safety. However, the levels and potential environmental risks of PSTs frequently detected in shellfish remain largely unexplored in seawater of mariculture zones. In this study, a new method for trace detection of 13 common PSTs (<1.0 ng/L) in seawater was established based on off-line solid phase extraction (SPE) and on-line SPE-liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (on-line SPE-LC-MS/MS), and a systematic investigation of PSTs in seawater of the Laizhou Bay, a typical aquaculture bay in China, was conducted to understand their pollution status, environmental impact factors and ecological risks for the first time. Eleven PSTs were detected in the seawater of Laizhou Bay with total concentrations ranging from 0.75 to 349.47 ng/L (mean, 176.27 ng/L), which indicates the rich diversity of PSTs in the mariculture bay and demonstrates the reliability of the proposed analytical method. C1, C2, GTX2, GTX3, dcGTX2, and dcGTX3 were found to be the predominant PSTs, which refreshed the knowledge of PST contamination in the coastal aquatic environment. PST levels in seawater exhibited the highest levels in the southeastern mouth of Laizhou Bay and decreased toward the inner bay. Correlation analyses showed that climatic factors, nutrient status and hydrological conditions had significant effects on the distribution of PST in mariculture bay. Preliminary environmental risk assessments revealed that aquatic organisms throughout the waters of Laizhou Bay are at risk of chronic PST toxicity. These findings imply that the risk of PST in seawater of mariculture bay has previously been grossly underestimated, and that the coastal aquatic environment in North China and even the world may be at more serious risk of PST pollution, which should be taken seriously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Pan
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering/Sino-Canada Joint R&D Centre for Water and Environmental Safety, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China; Key Laboratory for Marine Bioactive Substances and Modern Analytical Technology, The First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao 266061, China
| | - Xiuping He
- Key Laboratory for Marine Bioactive Substances and Modern Analytical Technology, The First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao 266061, China
| | - Junhui Chen
- Key Laboratory for Marine Bioactive Substances and Modern Analytical Technology, The First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao 266061, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao, 266071, China.
| | - Jinhui Jeanne Huang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering/Sino-Canada Joint R&D Centre for Water and Environmental Safety, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China.
| | - Yuning Wang
- Key Laboratory for Marine Bioactive Substances and Modern Analytical Technology, The First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao 266061, China
| | - Shengkang Liang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China
| | - Baodong Wang
- Key Laboratory for Marine Bioactive Substances and Modern Analytical Technology, The First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao 266061, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao, 266071, China
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