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Pachucki MC, Hoyt LT, Niu L, Carbonaro R, Tu HF, Sirard JR, Chandler G. Disentangling associations between pubertal development, healthy activity behaviors, and sex in adolescent social networks. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0300715. [PMID: 38753625 PMCID: PMC11098364 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0300715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
With the onset of puberty, youth begin to choose their social environments and develop health-promoting habits, making it a vital period to study social and biological factors contextually. An important question is how pubertal development and behaviors such as physical activity and sleep may be differentially linked with youths' friendships. Cross-sectional statistical network models that account for interpersonal dependence were used to estimate associations between three measures of pubertal development and youth friendships at two large US schools drawn from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health. Whole-network models suggest that friendships are more likely between youth with similar levels of pubertal development, physical activity, and sleep. Sex-stratified models suggest that girls' friendships are more likely given a similar age at menarche. Attention to similar pubertal timing within friendship groups may offer inclusive opportunities for tailored developmental puberty education in ways that reduce stigma and improve health behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark C. Pachucki
- Department of Sociology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts, United States of America
- UMass Computational Social Science Institute, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Lindsay Till Hoyt
- Department of Applied Developmental Psychology, Fordham University, Bronx, New York, United States of America
| | - Li Niu
- Department of Applied Developmental Psychology, Fordham University, Bronx, New York, United States of America
| | - Richard Carbonaro
- Department of Sociology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Hsin Fei Tu
- Department of Sociology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - John R. Sirard
- School of Public Health & Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Genevieve Chandler
- Elaine Marieb College of Nursing, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts, United States of America
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Guo MM, Koh KT, Wang XZ. Trends of physical activity and recreational screen time among Chinese children and adolescents: a national study from 2017 to 2019. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:1305. [PMID: 38741155 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-18822-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevalence of physical inactivity and sedentary behavior among children and adolescents is a growing public health concern. This study aims to examine the trends in Physical Activity (PA) and Recreational Screen Time (RST) amongst children and adolescents in China, considering variations in genders, school levels, areas (urban versus rural), and regions (north versus south). The findings provide a foundation to guide policy and strategy making for future health promotion and development. METHODS An annual national cross-sectional survey was conducted in China from 2017 to 2019 cumulatively involving 52,503 (48% female) children and adolescents from grades 4 to 12 (aged 12.72 ± 2.12). Data on PA and RST were collected through self-administered questionnaires. Weighted least squares regression was used to analyze the trends and differences in PA and RST among the participants' profiles. RESULTS There was an annual decreased in PA compliance rate of approximately 3.43% (95% CI: 0.79-6.08%) for primary school students, primarily among males residing in rural areas, and in northern regions. Middle school students experienced a yearly decrease of about 5.23% (95% CI: 2.55-7.92%) in PA compliance across all genders, regions, and urban areas. Similarly, the RST compliance rates for primary school students declined by approximately 3.18% (95% CI: 1.57-4.78%) annually for all genders and areas, but only in the northern regions. CONCLUSIONS This research highlights a downward trend in PA and RST compliance amongst Chinese children and adolescents, with variations based on school level, gender, area, and region. Urgent policies and interventions are imperative to promote PA while mitigating excessive RST within these populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Ming Guo
- College of Physical Education and Health, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Koon Teck Koh
- Physical Education & Sports Science, National Institute of Education, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Xiao Zan Wang
- College of Physical Education and Health, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China.
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Chinapaw MJM, Klaufus LH, Oyeyemi AL, Draper C, Palmeira AL, Silva MN, Van Belle S, Pawlowski CS, Schipperijn J, Altenburg TM. Youth-centred participatory action approach towards co-created implementation of socially and physically activating environmental interventions in Africa and Europe: the YoPA project study protocol. BMJ Open 2024; 14:e084657. [PMID: 38387985 PMCID: PMC10882351 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2024-084657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The majority of adolescents do not meet guidelines for healthy behaviours, posing major risks for developing multiple non-communicable diseases. Unhealthy lifestyles seem more prevalent in urban than rural areas, with the neighbourhood environment as a mediating pathway. How to develop and implement sustainable and effective interventions focused on adolescent health and well-being in urban vulnerable life situations is a key challenge. This paper describes the protocol of a Youth-centred Participatory Action (YoPA) project aiming to tailor, implement, and evaluate social and physical environmental interventions. METHODS AND ANALYSIS In diverse urban environments in Denmark, the Netherlands, Nigeria and South Africa, we will engage a dynamic group of 15-20 adolescents (12-19 years) growing up in vulnerable life situations and other key stakeholders (eg, policy makers, urban planners, community leaders) in local co-creation communities. Together with academic researchers and local stakeholders, adolescents will take a leading role in mapping the local system; tailoring; implementing and evaluating interventions during participatory meetings over the course of 3 years. YoPA applies a participatory mixed methods design guided by a novel Systems, User perspectives, Participatory co-creation process, Effects, Reach, Adoption, Implementation and Maintenance framework assessing: (i) the local systems, (ii) user perspectives, (iii) the participatory co-creation process, (iv) effects, (v) reach, (vi) adoption, (vii) implementation and (viii) maintenance of interventions. Through a realist evaluation, YoPA will explore why and how specific outcomes were reached (or not) in each setting (n=800-1000 adolescents in total). ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION This study received approval from the ethics committees in Denmark, the Netherlands, Nigeria and South Africa and will be disseminated via various collaborative dissemination activities targeting multiple audiences. We will obtain informed consent from all participants. We envision that our YoPA co-creation approach will serve as a guide for participation of adolescents in vulnerable life situations in implementation of health promotion and urban planning in Europe, Africa and globally. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT06181162.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mai J M Chinapaw
- Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam UMC Location VUmc, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Health Behaviours and Chronic Diseases, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Leonie H Klaufus
- Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam UMC Location VUmc, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Health Behaviours and Chronic Diseases, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Adewale L Oyeyemi
- College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
- Department of Physiotherapy, Redeemer's University, Ede, Nigeria
| | - Catherine Draper
- SAMRC Developmental Pathways for Health Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - António L Palmeira
- CIDEFES, Universidade Lusófona, Lisboa, Portugal
- CIFI2D, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Lisbon
| | - Marlene Nunes Silva
- CIDEFES, Universidade Lusófona, Lisboa, Portugal
- Programa Nacional para a Promoção da Atividade Física, Direcção-Geral da Saúde, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Sara Van Belle
- Department of Public Health, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - Charlotte S Pawlowski
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Jasper Schipperijn
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Teatske M Altenburg
- Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam UMC Location VUmc, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Health Behaviours and Chronic Diseases, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Lábiscsák-Erdélyi Z, Somhegyi A, Veres-Balajti I, Kósa K. Daily Optional Physical Education Does Not Counteract Increasing Inactivity by Age among Adolescents. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 10:1929. [PMID: 38136131 PMCID: PMC10741883 DOI: 10.3390/children10121929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This paper describes the outcomes of an integrated health promotion programme implemented in a Hungarian high school offering health education in the curriculum, daily optional physical education, teacher training in applying a person-centered approach in teaching, and parental involvement in school activities. METHODS The evaluation used mixed methods of which results of the before-6-months-after quantitative survey among pupils is described. The health status and behaviour of students were assessed by applying the Hungarian version of the HBSC questionnaire. RESULTS Significant improvement was found in the self-rated health of girls (6.6% increase in being of excellent health, p = 0.04), and the consumption of sweets and sugary soft drinks decreased significantly for both genders (boys: -10.2%, p = 0.01; girls: -6.06%, p = 0.04). However, the proportion of physically inactive girls significantly increased (girls: 11.2%, p = 0.01), and substance use did not change significantly. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS The intervention had significant positive impacts on subjective health and dietary habits and could counteract the secular trend of increasing tobacco, alcohol, and drug consumption by age among adolescents, but this unfortunately does not include physical inactivity. Offsetting the most widespread health risk behavior, physical inactivity, may require mandatory daily physical education in schools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zsuzsa Lábiscsák-Erdélyi
- Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Debrecen, 4028 Debrecen, Hungary;
| | - Annamária Somhegyi
- Schools for Health in Europe Network Foundation, National Center for Spinal Disorders, 1126 Budapest, Hungary;
| | - Ilona Veres-Balajti
- Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Debrecen, 4028 Debrecen, Hungary;
| | - Karolina Kósa
- Department of Behavioral Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary;
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Kahan D. Physical Inactivity Prevalence in the Islamic World: An Updated Analysis of 47 Countries. J Phys Act Health 2023; 20:1133-1142. [PMID: 37758262 DOI: 10.1123/jpah.2023-0317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical inactivity prevalence estimates for youth and adults have been published on a global scale and for various geographical and geopolitical permutations. Only one such study has presented estimates for adults in Muslim countries, and it is nearly 10 years old. I conducted an update of this study by incorporating newer data, refining methods, and including youth estimates. METHODS I identified 47 Muslim countries with physical inactivity data for youth, adults, or both. Data were extracted by country primarily from global estimates reported by Guthold et al in 2018 and 2020 and from World Health Organization surveillance data repositories. Weighted prevalence calculations for total prevalence and by sex, ethnicity (Arab vs non-Arab), and country income group accounted for country population, study sample size, and a country's proportion of Muslims. Z tests and chi-square tests, and follow-up odds ratios and percentage deviations, respectively, were used to determine differences by sex, ethnicity, and country income group. RESULTS Overall physical inactivity prevalence was 84.2% (youth) and 29.6% (adults). Gaps favoring males over females were observed for youth (5.6% lower prevalence) and adults (9.6% lower prevalence). Gaps favoring non-Arabs over Arabs were observed for youth (3.9% lower) and adults (3.8% lower). No pattern emerged for country income group for youth; however, prevalence for adults trended upward across income groups from low (22.7%) to high (62.0%). CONCLUSIONS Gaps by sex and ethnicity have narrowed since the original report and prevalence values are somewhat higher than current global estimates.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Kahan
- Coastal Carolina University, Conway, SC, USA
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Araujo RHO, Werneck AO, Martins CL, Barboza LL, Tassitano RM, Aguilar-Farias N, Jesus GM, Ramírez-Vélez R, Tesler R, Oyeyemi AL, Silva ECM, Weaver RG, Tremblay MS, Brazo-Sayavera J, Mielke GI, Silva DRP. Global prevalence and gender inequalities in at least 60 min of self-reported moderate-to-vigorous physical activity 1 or more days per week: An analysis with 707,616 adolescents. JOURNAL OF SPORT AND HEALTH SCIENCE 2023:S2095-2546(23)00109-6. [PMID: 37923057 DOI: 10.1016/j.jshs.2023.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Guidelines recommend that adolescents should accumulate an average of 60 min per day of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA). However, using only this cut-off could hide important information. For instance, from a population-level point of view, increasing physical activity for those with no or low physical activity could provide more health benefits than increasing physical activity for those with intermediate levels. Also, including a more sensitive cut-point of ≥1 day per week could be an additional strategy for identifying those with low access/opportunities for physical activity practice. Thus, the current study aims to estimate the prevalence of ≥60 min of MVPA ≥1 days per week among adolescents globally, and to describe any relevant gender inequalities. METHODS We used representative datasets from 146 countries/territories collected between 2003 and 2019. MVPA was self-reported. Participants were grouped into younger (≤14 years old) and older (>14 years old) adolescents. Crude Poisson regression models were used to identify the relative differences in ≥60 min of MVPA ≥1 days per week between boys and girls, and random-effects meta-analysis models were used to identify the pooled estimates. Analyses were stratified by country and region. RESULTS Approximately 80% of both younger and older adolescents reported ≥60 min of MVPA ≥1 days per week. This prevalence was ≥94% in Europe and Central Asia and North America, while the estimates for the other regions were <77%. The prevalence of ≥60 min of MVPA ≥1 days per week was higher among boys than girls, with the largest differences occurring among the oldest adolescents (PR≤14y: 1.04 (95% confidence interval (95%CI): 1.03‒1.04) vs. PR>14y: 1.09 (95%CI: 1.08‒1.10)). CONCLUSION Approximately 8 out of 10 adolescents reported accumulating ≥60 min of MVPA ≥1 day per week, with notable differences between regions. Gender differences were observed in several countries, especially among the oldest adolescents. Priorities for physical activity promotion among adolescents should include increasing access/opportunities for physical activity among those who do not achieve ≥60 min of MVPA ≥1 days per week and reducing gender inequalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raphael H O Araujo
- Graduation Program in Health Sciences, Londrina State University (UEL), Londrina 86057-970, Brazil.
| | - André O Werneck
- Center for Epidemiological Research in Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Universidade de São Paulo (USP) 01246-904, Brazil
| | - Clarice L Martins
- Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Paraíba, Paraíba 58051-900, Brazil; Research Centre of Physical Activity, Health and Leisure, Faculty of Sports, Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), University of Porto, Porto 4500, Portugal
| | - Luciana L Barboza
- Postgraduate Program in Physical Education, University of Brasília, Brasília 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Rafael M Tassitano
- Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL 61801-3841, USA
| | - Nicolas Aguilar-Farias
- Department of Physical Education, Sports and Recreation, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4680000, Chile
| | - Gilmar M Jesus
- Department of Health, State University of Feira de Santana, Feira de Santana 44036-900, Brazil
| | - Robinson Ramírez-Vélez
- Navarrabiomed, Hospital Universitario de Navarra (HUN), Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), Pamplona 31006, Spain; Facultad de Ciencias de la Educación, Unidad Central del Valle del Cauca (UCEVA), Tuluá, Valle del Cauca 763022, Colombia
| | - Riki Tesler
- Health Management Department, Faculty of Heath sciences, Ariel University, Ariel, 40700 Israel
| | - Adewale L Oyeyemi
- College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA
| | - Ellen C M Silva
- Graduation Program in Health Sciences, Londrina State University (UEL), Londrina 86057-970, Brazil
| | - Robert G Weaver
- Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA
| | - Mark S Tremblay
- Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L1, Canada; Department of Pediatrics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L1, Canada; Department of Health Sciences, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, K1S 5B6, Canada
| | - Javier Brazo-Sayavera
- Department of Sports and Computer Science, Universidad Pablo de Olavide (UPO), Seville 41013, Spain; Centro Universitario Regional Noreste, Universidad de la República, Rivera 40000, Uruguay
| | - Grégore I Mielke
- School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Brisbane 4006, Australia
| | - Danilo R P Silva
- Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), São Cristóvão 490100-000, Brazil; Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Providencia, Chile
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Yeung CHC, Lu J, Soltero EG, Bauer C, Xiao Q. U.S. Adolescent Rest-Activity patterns: insights from functional principal component analysis (NHANES 2011-2014). Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2023; 20:125. [PMID: 37833691 PMCID: PMC10571346 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-023-01520-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Suboptimal rest-activity patterns in adolescence are associated with worse health outcomes in adulthood. Understanding sociodemographic factors associated with rest-activity rhythms may help identify subgroups who may benefit from interventions. This study aimed to investigate the association of rest-activity rhythm with demographic and socioeconomic characteristics in adolescents. METHODS Using cross-sectional data from the nationally representative National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2011-2014 adolescents (N = 1814), this study derived rest-activity profiles from 7-day 24-hour accelerometer data using functional principal component analysis. Multiple linear regression was used to assess the association between participant characteristics and rest-activity profiles. Weekday and weekend specific analyses were performed in addition to the overall analysis. RESULTS Four rest-activity rhythm profiles were identified, which explained a total of 82.7% of variance in the study sample, including (1) High amplitude profile; (2) Early activity window profile; (3) Early activity peak profile; and (4) Prolonged activity/reduced rest window profile. The rest-activity profiles were associated with subgroups of age, sex, race/ethnicity, and household income. On average, older age was associated with a lower value for the high amplitude and early activity window profiles, but a higher value for the early activity peak and prolonged activity/reduced rest window profiles. Compared to boys, girls had a higher value for the prolonged activity/reduced rest window profiles. When compared to Non-Hispanic White adolescents, Asian showed a lower value for the high amplitude profile, Mexican American group showed a higher value for the early activity window profile, and the Non-Hispanic Black group showed a higher value for the prolonged activity/reduced rest window profiles. Adolescents reported the lowest household income had the lowest average value for the early activity window profile. CONCLUSIONS This study characterized main rest-activity profiles among the US adolescents, and demonstrated that demographic and socioeconomic status factors may shape rest-activity behaviors in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris Ho Ching Yeung
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 1200 Pressler St., Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jiachen Lu
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, School of Public Health, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
- Center for Spatial‑Temporal Modeling for Applications in Population Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Erica G Soltero
- United States Department of Agriculture/Agricultural Research Services Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Cici Bauer
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, School of Public Health, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA.
- Center for Spatial‑Temporal Modeling for Applications in Population Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - Qian Xiao
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 1200 Pressler St., Houston, TX, USA.
- Center for Spatial‑Temporal Modeling for Applications in Population Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA.
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Tapia-Serrano MÁ, López-Gajardo MA, Sánchez-Miguel PA, González-Ponce I, García-Calvo T, Pulido JJ, Leo FM. Effects of out-of-school physical activity interventions based on self-determination theory in children and adolescents: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2023; 33:1929-1947. [PMID: 37381660 DOI: 10.1111/sms.14436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to examine the effects of out-of-school physical activity (PA) interventions, based on Self-Determination Theory (SDT), on basic psychological needs (BPN), motivation toward PA, and PA levels in youths. DESIGN Systematic review and meta-analyses. METHOD We searched for intervention studies examining the effects of PA interventions based on SDT implemented outside the school published in English and Spanish in six electronic databases up to January 2022. RESULTS Outcomes of interest were BPN, motivation, and PA levels. In total, nine studies were included in this review. Seven individual meta-analyses were conducted for each variable, revealing nonsignificant clustered effects for the outcomes autonomy satisfaction (g = 0.12, 95% CI [-0.31, 0.55]), competence satisfaction (g = 0.02, 95% CI [-0.28, 0.32]), relatedness satisfaction (g = 0.13, 95% CI [-0.43, 0.68]), autonomous motivation (g = 0.15, 95% CI [-0.38, 0.67]), controlled motivation (g = 0.12, 95% CI [-0.32, 0.55]), amotivation (g = -0.36, 95% CI [-0.88, 0.16]), and PA behavior (g = 0.02, 95% CI [-0.08, 0.12]). CONCLUSION Meta-analyses suggest that out-of-school PA interventions based on SDT are not effective in increasing levels of needs satisfaction, types of motivation, and PA levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Á Tapia-Serrano
- Departamento de Didáctica de la Expresión Musical, Plástica y Corporal, Grupo Análisis Comportamental de la Actividad Física y el Deporte (ACAFYDE), Facultad de Formación del Profesorado, Universidad de Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Miguel A López-Gajardo
- Departamento de Didáctica de la Expresión Musical, Plástica y Corporal, Grupo Análisis Comportamental de la Actividad Física y el Deporte (ACAFYDE), Facultad de Formación del Profesorado, Universidad de Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Pedro A Sánchez-Miguel
- Departamento de Didáctica de la Expresión Musical, Plástica y Corporal, Grupo de Investigación Análisis Didáctico y Comportamental del Deporte (ADICODE), Facultad de Formación del Profesorado, Universidad de Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Inmaculada González-Ponce
- Departamento de Psicología y Antropología, Grupo Análisis Comportamental de la Actividad Física y el Deporte (ACAFYDE), Facultad de Educación y Psicología, Universidad de Extremadura, Badajoz, Spain
| | - Tomás García-Calvo
- Departamento de Didáctica de la Expresión Musical, Plástica y Corporal, Grupo Análisis Comportamental de la Actividad Física y el Deporte (ACAFYDE), Facultad de Ciencias del Deporte, Universidad de Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Juan J Pulido
- Departamento de Didáctica de la Expresión Musical, Plástica y Corporal, Grupo Análisis Comportamental de la Actividad Física y el Deporte (ACAFYDE), Facultad de Educación y Psicología, Universidad de Extremadura, Badajoz, Spain
| | - Francisco M Leo
- Departamento de Didáctica de la Expresión Musical, Plástica y Corporal, Grupo Análisis Comportamental de la Actividad Física y el Deporte (ACAFYDE), Facultad de Formación del Profesorado, Universidad de Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
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Prvulović N, Djordjević M, Pantelić S. Gender differences and climate zones in overweight and obesity prevalence in European elementary school children from 2000 to 2020: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1198877. [PMID: 37808999 PMCID: PMC10558048 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1198877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction After 2000, there are more obese than underweight people in the world. We face a rapid increase in average global warming of 1.5°C, reported as a syndemic problem of three interconnected epidemics: obesity, global warming, and undernutrition. We aimed to analyze the impact and association between global warming and obesity in children and differences by gender across Europe after 2000. Methods We searched PubMed, MEDLINE, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, and Embase databases. The considered population were children aged 6-14. Only cross-sectional studies that defined obesity by the IOTF cutoffs and the subjects' place of residence, used to determine precise climate zones, were included. We assessed the prevalence of obesity and overweight using a random-effects and the Mantel-Haenszel fixed-effect method when heterogeneity was greater/lower than 50%. We did a subgroup analysis for prevalence across gender, obesity, and overweight, two decades, regions, countries, and the Köppen-Geiger climate zones. Random effects of the meta-regression were used to study the global warming impact and differences in trends across European countries by gender for both conditions separately. Results We identified 114 studies that included 985,971 children from 39 European countries. A significant difference between genders was in favor of obese girls 4.78 (95% CI: 3.85-5.93) versus boys 5.76% (95% CI: 5.11-6.48, p = 0.03), respectively, but not for overweight children. Most of the obese girls were in South Europe 7.51% (95% CI: 6.61-8.51) versus East Europe 2.86% (95% CI: 23-3.12), versus boys in South Europe 8.66% (95% CI: 7.68-9.74) and North Europe 3.49% (95% CI: 2.90-4.19), respectively. The "cold" Köppen-Geiger climate zone, with lowest temperatures, has the largest trend rise between two decades of 2.8% and 1.53% for obese girls and boys, and 5.31% and 1.81% for overweight girls and boys, respectively, followed by the smallest number of obese girls 3.28% (95% CI: 2.17-4.92) and boys 3.58% (95% CI: 2.39-5.33), versus the zone with the highest temperatures "hot" for girls 7.02% (95% CI: 6.30-7.82) and for boys 8.23% (95% CI: 7.55-8.96), respectively. The meta-regression proved global warming has a significant impact on the distribution of obesity and overweight across climate zones, R2 = 0.52 and R2 = 0.22. No significant gender differences, or significant interaction, was noted. Conclusion Our meta-analysis provides a comprehensive overview of the association between and impact of global warming on obesity. This impact increases obesity among children in Europe throughout all climate zones, and emphasizes an urgent call for further preventive methods in schools, since obesity differences continue their trend of disappearing into the future.Systematic review registration: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42021282127, identifier: CRD42021282127.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikola Prvulović
- Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, University of Niš, Niš, Serbia
| | | | - Saša Pantelić
- Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, University of Niš, Niš, Serbia
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10
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Giakoni-Ramírez F, Godoy-Cumillaf A, Fuentes-Merino P, Farías-Valenzuela C, Duclos-Bastías D, Bruneau-Chávez J, Merellano-Navarro E, Velásquez-Olavarría R. Intensity of a Physical Exercise Programme Executed through Immersive Virtual Reality. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:2399. [PMID: 37685433 PMCID: PMC10486614 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11172399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Evidence suggests that moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) is necessary for health benefits. Immersive virtual reality is a technology that uses images, sounds, and tactile sensations from a simulated world to encourage healthy behaviours and physical activity. The aims of this research are (1) to determine the duration and intensity of physical activity performed through immersive virtual reality; (2) to determine differences in physical activity intensity according to gender. METHODS A nonprobabilistic convenience sample composed of 39 university students of physical education pedagogy, who performed, through immersive virtual reality, a physical activity programme composed of three levels that progressively increased in complexity. Physical activity intensity was measured using accelerometers. RESULTS Of the three levels, the most complex was not the one that produced the most minutes of MVPA. The three levels added up to 08:53 min of MVPA. No significant differences were found when comparing them by sex. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study suggest that an exercise programme delivered through immersive virtual reality generates MVPA levels, with no major differences between sexes. Further research is needed to confirm the contribution of immersive virtual reality to physical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frano Giakoni-Ramírez
- Facultad de Educación y Ciencias del Deporte, Instituto del Deporte y Bienestar, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago 7550000, Chile;
| | - Andrés Godoy-Cumillaf
- Grupo de Investigación en Educación Física, Salud y Calidad de Vida, Facultad de Educación, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Temuco 4780000, Chile; (P.F.-M.); (R.V.-O.)
| | - Paola Fuentes-Merino
- Grupo de Investigación en Educación Física, Salud y Calidad de Vida, Facultad de Educación, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Temuco 4780000, Chile; (P.F.-M.); (R.V.-O.)
| | - Claudio Farías-Valenzuela
- Facultad de Ciencias para el Cuidado de la Salud, Universidad San Sebastián, Lota 2465, Providencia 7510157, Chile;
| | - Daniel Duclos-Bastías
- Escuela de Educación Física, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2374631, Chile;
- IGOID Research Group, Physical Activity and Sport Science Department, University of Castilla-La Mancha, 45071 Toledo, Spain
| | - José Bruneau-Chávez
- Departamento de Educación Física, Deportes y Recreación, Universidad de la Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile;
| | - Eugenio Merellano-Navarro
- Department of Physical Activity Sciences, Faculty of Education Sciences, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca 3530000, Chile;
| | - Ronald Velásquez-Olavarría
- Grupo de Investigación en Educación Física, Salud y Calidad de Vida, Facultad de Educación, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Temuco 4780000, Chile; (P.F.-M.); (R.V.-O.)
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11
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Brindley C, Hamrik Z, Kleszczewska D, Dzielska A, Mazur J, Haug E, Kopcakova J, Marques A, Altenburg T, Demetriou Y, Bucksch J. Gender-specific social and environmental correlates of active travel to school in four European countries: the HBSC Study. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1190045. [PMID: 37559734 PMCID: PMC10407096 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1190045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Despite the health benefits, a large proportion of girls and boys in Europe do not travel to school actively. A better understanding of the correlates associated with this behavior could guide interventions. This study examines perceived social and environmental correlates of active travel to school (ACTS) from the 2017/18 Health Behavior in School-Aged Children (HBSC) survey in four European countries, with a special emphasis on gender differences (n = 22,023). Methods Logistic regression was conducted to analyze associations between the perceived importance of each correlate and ACTS behavior for 11-, 13-, and 15-year-old girls and boys from Germany, Czechia, Poland, and Slovakia. All models were adjusted for age, family affluence, and meeting World Health Organization recommendations for moderate-to-vigorous physical activity. Results Rates of ACTS significantly differed between girls and boys. In Czechia, 65% of girls and boys traveled to school actively, followed by Slovakia (61.4% girls and 58.4% boys), Poland (57.7% girls and 60.2% boys), and Germany (42.6% girls and 48.6% boys). Girls were less likely to actively travel to school compared to boys (odds ratio [OR]: 0.92, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.87-0.97). Increasing age (OR: 0.95, 95% CI: 0.93-0.97) and a greater distance to school index (OR: 0.89, 95% CI: 0.88-0.90) were both negatively associated with ACTS. The perceived importance of living closer to school and of road and neighborhood safety was positively associated with ACTS, with a stronger association in boys than in girls for neighborhood safety. On the contrary, the perceived importance of having people to walk with was negatively associated with ACTS, with a stronger association in girls (OR: 0.74, 95% CI: 0.65-0.84) than in boys (OR: 0.77, 95% CI: 0.66-0.88). Discussion This study provides insights into perceived social and environmental correlates associated with ACTS behavior. Future research should include gender-specific perceptions and more in-depth investigations of correlates encouraging ACTS, especially considering social aspects, safety issues, and the structuring of the environment in different cultural settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherina Brindley
- Department of Natural and Sociological Sciences, Heidelberg University of Education, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Zdenek Hamrik
- Department of Recreation and Leisure Studies, Faculty of Physical Culture, Palacky University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czechia
| | | | - Anna Dzielska
- Department of Child and Adolescent Health, Institute of Mother and Child, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Joanna Mazur
- Department of Humanization in Medicine and Sexology, University of Zielona Gora, Collegium Medicum, Zielona Góra, Poland
| | - Ellen Haug
- Department of Health Promotion and Development, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Teacher Education, NLA University College, Bergen, Norway
| | - Jaroslava Kopcakova
- Department of Health Psychology and Research Methodology, Faculty of Medicine, P.J. Safarik University, Košice, Slovakia
| | - Adilson Marques
- CIPER, Faculty of Human Kinetics, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Teatske Altenburg
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Yolanda Demetriou
- Department of Sport Science, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Jens Bucksch
- Department of Natural and Sociological Sciences, Heidelberg University of Education, Heidelberg, Germany
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12
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Quah PL, Loo BKG, Mettananda S, Dassanayake S, Chia MYH, Chua TBK, Tan TSZ, Chan PC, But BWM, Fu ACC, Wong SMY, Nagano N, Morioka I, Kumar S, Nair MKC, Tan KH. 24 h Activity Guidelines in Children and Adolescents: A Prevalence Survey in Asia-Pacific Cities. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:6403. [PMID: 37510635 PMCID: PMC10379132 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20146403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to examine the prevalence of adherence to 24 h activity guidelines in children and adolescents from Asia-Pacific cities. In 1139 children aged 5-18 years, moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), screen viewing time (SVT), sleep duration, child weight, height, sex, and age were parent-reported. Descriptive statistics were used to assess the number of guidelines met, and prevalence of adherence to activity guidelines by city and child sex. Prevalence of meeting all three 24 h activity guidelines was low across all countries (1.8-10.3%) (p < 0.05). Children from Thiruvananthapuram, India had the highest [10.3% (95% CI: 6.0-17.0)], while those from Tokyo, Japan had the lowest prevalence [1.8% (95% CI: 0.5-7.0)] of meeting all three guidelines. The highest prevalence of meeting individual MVPA, SVT and sleep guidelines was found in India [67.5% (95% CI: 58.8-75.1)], Kelaniya, Sri Lanka [63.2% (95% CI: 58.7-67.4)] and Kowloon, Hong Kong [59.4% (95% CI: 51.1-65.3)], respectively. Overall, a higher prevalence of boys met all three guidelines, compared to girls [5.9% (95% CI: 4.1-8.1) vs. 4.7% (3.1-6.6), p = 0.32]. The prevalence of adhering to all three activity guidelines was low in all five participating cities, with a higher proportion of boys meeting all guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phaik Ling Quah
- Division of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore 229899, Singapore
| | - Benny Kai Guo Loo
- Sports and Exercise Medicine Service, Department of Paediatrics, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore 229899, Singapore
| | - Sachith Mettananda
- Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kelaniya, Kelaniya 11600, Sri Lanka
- Colombo North Teaching Hospital, Ragama 11010, Sri Lanka
| | - Senuri Dassanayake
- Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kelaniya, Kelaniya 11600, Sri Lanka
| | - Michael Yong Hwa Chia
- Physical Education & Sports Science, National Institute of Education, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Terence Buan Kiong Chua
- Physical Education & Sports Science, National Institute of Education, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Teresa Shu Zhen Tan
- Khoo Teck Puat-National University Children's Medical Institute, National University Hospital, Singapore 119074, Singapore
| | - Poh Chong Chan
- Khoo Teck Puat-National University Children's Medical Institute, National University Hospital, Singapore 119074, Singapore
| | - Betty Wai-Man But
- Department of Paediatrics, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | | | | | - Nobuhiko Nagano
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo 173-0023, Japan
| | - Ichiro Morioka
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo 173-0023, Japan
| | - Shyamal Kumar
- NIMS-Spectrum-Child Development Research Centre, Thiruvananthapuram 695123, India
| | - Muttathu K C Nair
- NIMS-Spectrum-Child Development Research Centre, Thiruvananthapuram 695123, India
| | - Kok Hian Tan
- Department of Maternal Fetal Medicine, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore 229899, Singapore
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore
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13
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Bauman A, McNeil N, Nicholson M, O’Halloran P, Seal E, Randle E, Stukas A. Impact of the first year of the "This girl can" physical activity and sport mass media campaign in Australia. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:333. [PMID: 36793043 PMCID: PMC9930268 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-15091-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Addressing gender inequalities in physical activity is an important public health goal. A major campaign, 'This Girl Can' (TGC) was conducted by Sport England from 2015, and TGC was licenced in 2018 by VicHealth in Australia for development and use in a 3-year mass media campaign. The campaign was adapted through formative testing to Australian conditions and implemented within the state of Victoria. The purpose of this evaluation was to assess the initial population impact of the first wave of the TGC-Victoria. METHODS We assessed campaign impact using serial population surveys, with the target population being women living in Victoria who were not meeting the current physical activity guidelines. Two surveys were carried out before the campaign (October 2017 and March 2018), and the post-campaign survey immediately following the first wave of TGC-Victoria mass media (May 2018). Analyses were primarily on the cohort sample of 818 low-active women followed across all three surveys. We measured campaign effects using campaign awareness and recall, and self-report measures of physical activity behaviour and perceptions of being judged. Changes in perceptions of being judged and in reported physical activity were assessed in relation to campaign awareness over time. RESULTS Overall, TGC-Victoria campaign recall increased from 11.2% pre-campaign to 31.9% post-campaign, with campaign awareness more likely among younger and more educated women. There was a slight increase of 0.19 days in weekly physical activity following the campaign. Feeling that being judged was a barrier to physical activity declined at follow up, as did the single item perceptions of feeling judged (P < 0.01). Feeling embarrassed decreased, and self-determination increased, but exercise relevance, theory of planned behaviour and self-efficacy scores did not change. CONCLUSIONS The initial wave of the TGC-Victoria mass media campaign showed reasonably high levels of community awareness and encouraging decreases in women feeling judged whilst being active, but these did not yet translate into overall physical activity gains. Further waves of the TGC-V campaign are in progress to reinforce these changes and further influence the perception of being judged among low-active Victorian women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Bauman
- Sydney School of Public Health and Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, 2006, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
| | - Nicola McNeil
- grid.1018.80000 0001 2342 0938Centre for Sport and Social Impact, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC Australia
| | - Matthew Nicholson
- grid.1018.80000 0001 2342 0938Centre for Sport and Social Impact, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC Australia ,grid.1018.80000 0001 2342 0938Centre for Sport and Social Impact, Monash University Malaysia, La Trobe University, Kuala Lumpur, Melbourne, VIC Australia
| | - Paul O’Halloran
- grid.1018.80000 0001 2342 0938Centre for Sport and Social Impact, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC Australia
| | - Emma Seal
- grid.1017.70000 0001 2163 3550Social and Global Studies Centre, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC Australia
| | - Erica Randle
- grid.1018.80000 0001 2342 0938Centre for Sport and Social Impact, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC Australia
| | - Arthur Stukas
- grid.1018.80000 0001 2342 0938Centre for Sport and Social Impact, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC Australia
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Fillon A, Fearnbach N, Vieira S, Gélinier J, Bagot S, Bailly M, Boscaro A, Pélissier L, Siroux J, Grasteau V, Bertsch J, Pereira B, Duclos M, Lambert C, Thivel D. Changes in Sedentary Time and Implicit Preference for Sedentary Behaviors in Response to a One-Month Educational Intervention in Primary School Children: Results from the Globe Trotter Pilot Cluster-Randomized Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:1089. [PMID: 36673845 PMCID: PMC9859473 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20021089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Revised: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
School-based multi-component educational interventions have been encouraged to improve children’s movement behaviors. The present study evaluates the effect of the Globe Trotter Initiative on physical activity (PA) level, sedentary time, physical fitness and activity preferences in primary school children. A total of 361 children (9−10 years) participated in this cluster-randomized trial. Nine schools were randomized as control (CON, 121 children) or Globe Trotter schools (GT, 240 children). Physical fitness, body composition, anthropometric characteristics, PA level, sedentary behaviors, physical self-perception, and activity preferences were evaluated at baseline (T0) and after the one-month intervention (T1). Grip strength performance and overall completion time of the obstacle course show a significant time effect (p < 0.001) in both groups (no group effect). PA level and physical self-perception did not significantly show time nor group effects. The sedentary behavior score displays a significant “time × group” interaction effect (p = 0.04) with a significant reduction between T0 and T1 in the GT group only (p < 0.001). The explicit liking for sedentary activities shows a significant “time × group” interaction (p = 0.02) with a significant decrease between T0 and T1 in the GT group only (p < 0.001). The explicit wanting for sedentary activities show a significant “time × group” interaction (p = 0.02) with a significant decrease between T0 and T1 in the GT group only (p < 0.001). The short-term, multi-component, behavioral, educational GT intervention had beneficial effects on primary-school-aged children’s sedentary time and implicit preference for physical over sedentary activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicia Fillon
- Laboratory of the Metabolic Adaptations to Exercise under Physiological and Pathological Conditions (AME2P), EA 3533, Clermont Auvergne University, CRNH Auvergne, 63178 Clermont-Ferrand, France
- National Observatory for Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviors (ONAPS), UFR Medicine, University Clermont Auvergne, 28 Place Henri Dunant, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Nicole Fearnbach
- Office of Research, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA
- Clinical Sciences Division, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70808, USA
| | - Stéphanie Vieira
- Fondation JDB Pour Prevention Cancer, 91640 Fontenay-Lès-Briis, France
| | - Jade Gélinier
- Fondation JDB Pour Prevention Cancer, 91640 Fontenay-Lès-Briis, France
| | - Sarah Bagot
- Laboratory of the Metabolic Adaptations to Exercise under Physiological and Pathological Conditions (AME2P), EA 3533, Clermont Auvergne University, CRNH Auvergne, 63178 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Mélina Bailly
- Laboratory of the Metabolic Adaptations to Exercise under Physiological and Pathological Conditions (AME2P), EA 3533, Clermont Auvergne University, CRNH Auvergne, 63178 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Audrey Boscaro
- Laboratory of the Metabolic Adaptations to Exercise under Physiological and Pathological Conditions (AME2P), EA 3533, Clermont Auvergne University, CRNH Auvergne, 63178 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Léna Pélissier
- Laboratory of the Metabolic Adaptations to Exercise under Physiological and Pathological Conditions (AME2P), EA 3533, Clermont Auvergne University, CRNH Auvergne, 63178 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Julie Siroux
- Laboratory of the Metabolic Adaptations to Exercise under Physiological and Pathological Conditions (AME2P), EA 3533, Clermont Auvergne University, CRNH Auvergne, 63178 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Vincent Grasteau
- Fondation JDB Pour Prevention Cancer, 91640 Fontenay-Lès-Briis, France
| | - Jean Bertsch
- Fondation JDB Pour Prevention Cancer, 91640 Fontenay-Lès-Briis, France
| | - Bruno Pereira
- Biostatistics Unit (DRCI), Clermont-Ferrand University Hospital, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Martine Duclos
- National Observatory for Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviors (ONAPS), UFR Medicine, University Clermont Auvergne, 28 Place Henri Dunant, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
- Department of Sport Medicine and Functional Explorations, Clermont-Ferrand University Hospital, G. Montpied, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Céline Lambert
- Biostatistics Unit (DRCI), Clermont-Ferrand University Hospital, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - David Thivel
- Laboratory of the Metabolic Adaptations to Exercise under Physiological and Pathological Conditions (AME2P), EA 3533, Clermont Auvergne University, CRNH Auvergne, 63178 Clermont-Ferrand, France
- National Observatory for Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviors (ONAPS), UFR Medicine, University Clermont Auvergne, 28 Place Henri Dunant, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
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Beck F, Dettweiler U, Sturm DJ, Demetriou Y, Reimers AK. Compensation of overall physical activity in (pre)adolescent girls - the CReActivity project. Arch Public Health 2022; 80:244. [PMID: 36461030 PMCID: PMC9716764 DOI: 10.1186/s13690-022-01002-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND According to the ActivityStat hypothesis more physical activity (PA) in one timespan is compensated by increased sedentary time (ST) in the following timespan and vice versa to maintain an overall stable PA level. Until now, existing literature revealed inconsistent results regarding compensatory behaviour across children and adolescents. Thus, the aim of the present study is (1) to investigate whether ST in the morning is compensated by active behaviour in the afternoon and (2) whether ST during the week is compensated by active behaviour during the weekend in (pre)adolescent girls. Additionally, we aimed to differentiate between positive and negative compensatory behaviour and examine whether it is moderated by socioeconomic status (SES), age or weight status. METHODS The participants were 370 sixth grade school girls (mean age 11.6 years) from Munich that participated in the CReActivity study, a school based intervention study aiming to identify the mechanisms of behavioural changes in PA among girls. ST and PA were measured over seven consecutive days using accelerometery. Descriptive determination of compensatory behaviour, as well as Bayesian multivariate multilevel analysis were conducted with data clustered on the individual (ID), class and school level. RESULTS Descriptive analysis revealed rather constant compensatory behaviour of about 60% for after-school days and weekends over all observation points. However, regarding all girls, compensation was predominantly negative. Differentiated analysis indicated that all girls with low ST levels in the morning or on weekdays, compensated for this behaviour with lower PA levels in the afternoon or on weekends. Multilevel covariate analysis indicated great variability between the participants. Furthermore, differences in compensatory behaviour can also be seen on class and school levels. Interestingly, PA compensatory behaviour is not associated with age, weight status or SES. CONCLUSION Our findings could neither confirm nor reject the ActivityStat Hypothesis. Overall, due to the great variability across the girls, it seems that compensation depends on individual factors. In the future, to prevent negative compensation, school-based interventions that have the potential to provide opportunities to be physically active, should not neglect (pre)adolescents' leisure time behaviour. TRIAL REGISTRATION DRKS00015723 (date of registration: 2018/10/22 retrospectively registered).
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Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Beck
- grid.5330.50000 0001 2107 3311Department of Sport Science and Sport, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Gebbertstr. 123B, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Ulrich Dettweiler
- grid.18883.3a0000 0001 2299 9255 Cognitive and Behavioral Neuroscience Lab, University of Stavanger, 4036 Stavanger, Norway
| | - David Joseph Sturm
- grid.6936.a0000000123222966Department of Sport and Health Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Georg-Brauchle-Ring 60, 80992 Munich, Germany
| | - Yolanda Demetriou
- grid.6936.a0000000123222966Department of Sport and Health Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Georg-Brauchle-Ring 60, 80992 Munich, Germany
| | - Anne Kerstin Reimers
- grid.5330.50000 0001 2107 3311Department of Sport Science and Sport, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Gebbertstr. 123B, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
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16
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Global Matrix 4.0 Physical Activity Report Card Grades for Children and Adolescents: Results and Analyses From 57 Countries. J Phys Act Health 2022; 19:700-728. [DOI: 10.1123/jpah.2022-0456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Background: The Global Matrix 4.0 on physical activity (PA) for children and adolescents was developed to achieve a comprehensive understanding of the global variation in children’s and adolescents’ (5–17 y) PA, related measures, and key sources of influence. The objectives of this article were (1) to summarize the findings from the Global Matrix 4.0 Report Cards, (2) to compare indicators across countries, and (3) to explore trends related to the Human Development Index and geo-cultural regions. Methods: A total of 57 Report Card teams followed a harmonized process to grade the 10 common PA indicators. An online survey was conducted to collect Report Card Leaders’ top 3 priorities for each PA indicator and their opinions on how the COVID-19 pandemic impacted child and adolescent PA indicators in their country. Results: Overall Physical Activity was the indicator with the lowest global average grade (D), while School and Community and Environment were the indicators with the highest global average grade (C+). An overview of the global situation in terms of surveillance and prevalence is provided for all 10 common PA indicators, followed by priorities and examples to support the development of strategies and policies internationally. Conclusions: The Global Matrix 4.0 represents the largest compilation of children’s and adolescents’ PA indicators to date. While variation in data sources informing the grades across countries was observed, this initiative highlighted low PA levels in children and adolescents globally. Measures to contain the COVID-19 pandemic, local/international conflicts, climate change, and economic change threaten to worsen this situation.
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Gába A, Baďura P, Vorlíček M, Dygrýn J, Hamřík Z, Kudláček M, Rubín L, Sigmund E, Sigmundová D, Vašíčková J. The Czech Republic's 2022 Report Card on Physical Activity for Children and Youth: A rationale and comprehensive analysis. J Exerc Sci Fit 2022; 20:340-348. [PMID: 36128039 PMCID: PMC9450136 DOI: 10.1016/j.jesf.2022.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
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Lábiscsák-Erdélyi Z, Somhegyi A, Veres-Balajti I, Kósa K. Bad for Girls and Boys: Gender Does Not Modify the Negative Effect of Physical Inactivity on Life Satisfaction in Adolescents. Front Public Health 2022; 10:904411. [PMID: 35903389 PMCID: PMC9315282 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.904411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: Physical activity (PA) has a positive effect on life satisfaction (LS) among adolescents, but the moderating effect of gender and level of PA intensity have been equivocal. Our aim was to examine the pattern of physical activity by grade in high school students, and the role of gender and grade on the association between physical activity and life satisfaction. Methods Four repeated cross-sectional online questionnaire surveys between 2011 and 2013 were carried out among all students in one Hungarian high school (N = 3,450). Health status and behavior was assessed by the Hungarian online version of the health behavior of school-aged children (HBSC) questionnaire. Regression with robust variance estimator was used to identify determinants of life satisfaction. Results Good self-reported health as opposed to bad increased life satisfaction by 0.30 standard deviation; having very well or well-off family as opposed to not well-off increased LS by 0.16 standard deviation; and being inactive compared to being vigorously active decreased LS by 0.1 standard deviation. Conclusions Physical inactivity has a negative effect on life satisfaction in boys and girls regardless of grade but compounded by low perceived family wealth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zsuzsa Lábiscsák-Erdélyi
- Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Public Health, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
- *Correspondence: Zsuzsa Lábiscsák-Erdélyi
| | | | - Ilona Veres-Balajti
- Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Public Health, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Karolina Kósa
- Department of Behavioural Sciences, Faculty of Public Health, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
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Ricardo LIC, Wendt A, Costa CDS, Mielke GI, Brazo-Sayavera J, Khan A, Kolbe-Alexander TL, Crochemore-Silva I. Gender inequalities in physical activity among adolescents from 64 Global South countries. JOURNAL OF SPORT AND HEALTH SCIENCE 2022; 11:509-520. [PMID: 35074485 PMCID: PMC9338337 DOI: 10.1016/j.jshs.2022.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aims of this study were to (a) describe gender inequalities in physical activity (PA) among adolescents from Global South countries, and (b) investigate the relationship between gender inequalities in PA and contextual factors, such as geographic region, human development index, gender inequality index, and unemployment rates. METHODS We analyzed cross-sectional data from the Global School-Based Student Health Survey conducted in Global South countries between 2010 and 2020 among 13- to 17-year-old adolescents. Country-context variables were retrieved from secondary data sources (World Health Organization, World Bank, and Human Development Reports). PA was assessed by a self-administered questionnaire querying the number of days in the past week in which participants were physically active for a total of at least 60 min. PA absolute gender inequalities were evaluated by the differences in the prevalence between boys and girls, 95% confidence intervals (95%CIs) were estimated using the bootstrap method. Relative inequalities were obtained through Poisson regression. Meta-analyses with random effects were used to calculate pooled estimates of absolute and relative inequalities. RESULTS Based on 64 Global South countries/surveys, the prevalence of PA was 6.7 percentage points (p.p.) higher in boys than in girls, ranging from 0.5 p.p. in Afghanistan to 15.6 p.p. in Laos (I2= 85.1%). The pooled ratio for all countries showed that boys presented a PA prevalence 1.58 times higher than girls (95%CI: 1.47-1.70) on average. The highest absolute and relative inequalities were observed in high income countries. Countries with higher Human Development Index rankings and lower Gender Inequality Index rankings also presented greater gender differences. CONCLUSION Given that girls are overall less active than boys across the globe, the findings of this study reinforce that macro- and micro-level changes should be actively sought if we aim to increase population levels of PA in adolescents and promote equity in PA.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Andrea Wendt
- Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS 96010-040, Brazil
| | | | - Gregore Iven Mielke
- School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD 4006, Australia
| | | | - Asaduzzaman Khan
- School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD 4006, Australia
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Adiposity as a Risk Factor for Sport Injury in Youth: A Systematic Review. Clin J Sport Med 2022; 32:418-426. [PMID: 33797475 DOI: 10.1097/jsm.0000000000000927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine whether high or low adiposity is associated with youth sport-related injury. DATA SOURCES Ten electronic databases were searched to identify prospective studies examining the association between adiposity [body mass index (BMI) or body fat] and a future time-loss or medical attention sport-related musculoskeletal injury or concussion in youth aged 20 years and younger. Two independent raters assessed the quality (Downs and Black criteria) and risk of bias (Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Tool). Random-effects meta-analyses were used to calculate pooled odds ratio [95% confidence interval (CI)] of injury. MAIN RESULTS Of 11 424 potentially relevant records, 38 articles were included with 17 eligible for meta-analyses. In qualitative synthesis, no clear association was identified between adiposity and any sport injury; however, 16/22 studies identified high adiposity as a significant risk factor for lower-extremity injury. Meta-analyses revealed higher BMI in youth with any sport-related injury and lower BMI in youth who developed a bone stress injury (BSI) compared with noninjured controls. The pooled OR (95% CI) examining the association of BMI and injury risk (excluding bone injury) was 1.18 (95% CI: 1.03-1.34). A major source of bias in included articles was inconsistent adjustment for age, sex, and physical activity participation. CONCLUSIONS Level 2b evidence suggests that high BMI is associated with greater risk of youth sport injury, particularly lower-extremity injury and excluding BSI or fracture. Although pooled mean differences were low, anthropometric risk of injury seems to be dependent on type and site of injury in youth sport.
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Accelerometer-Measured Physical Activity Levels and Patterns Vary in an Age- and Sex-Dependent Fashion among Finnish Children and Adolescents. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19116950. [PMID: 35682533 PMCID: PMC9180141 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19116950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background: The purpose of this study was to measure physical activity (PA), sedentary behavior (SB), and hour-by-hour PA patterns with an accelerometer in a population-based sample of Finnish children and adolescents. Methods: A total of 3274 participants (3rd, 5th, 7th, 9th graders) from 176 schools wore a hip-worn triaxial accelerometer for seven days during waking hours. Mean amplitude deviation of the acceleration data was used to assess PA intensity that was converted to metabolic equivalents and categorized into light, moderate, and vigorous PA. Angle for posture estimation was used to measure SB and standing. Results: The majority of participants’ PA consisted of light PA, and they were sedentary for more than half of their waking hours. Children were more active than adolescents, and boys were more active than girls. Participants took, on average, 9890 steps daily, and one third met the PA recommendation. The participants were divided into tertiles based on daily steps to investigate the variation in PA patterns. Compared to the least active tertile, the most active tertile took twice as many steps on weekdays and nearly three times as many steps on the weekend. Conclusions: The majority of the participants were not active enough, and there was a great variation in PA levels and patterns, especially among the adolescents and on weekends.
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Physical Activity among Italian Adolescents: Association with Life Satisfaction, Self-Rated Health and Peer Relationships. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19084799. [PMID: 35457667 PMCID: PMC9032550 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19084799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to describe physical activity, both moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and vigorous physical activity (VPA), in a large nationally representative sample of Italian adolescents, aged 11, 13 and 15, and to evaluate if Italian adolescents were in line with the 2020 WHO recommendations. In order to assess the possible impact of physical activity on adolescent psychological and social wellbeing, the associations between MVPA and VPA with life satisfaction, self-rated health and peer relationships were also explored. Data from the 2018 Italian Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) survey on 58,976 adolescents were analysed. Logistic regression analysis was used to investigate the association between physical activity and self-rated health, life satisfaction and peer relationships. The association of the Family Affluence Scale with self-rated health, life satisfaction and peer relationships was also studied. The results showed that the majority of Italian adolescents did not meet current physical activity WHO guidelines on MPVA. The prevalence of adolescents claiming to be involved “at least four or more times per week” in VPA was 29%. Overall, our findings highlighted a positive association between MVPA and VPA and life satisfaction, self-rated health and peer support. Data from this study underlined the need to encourage physical activity, especially among older adolescents and girls, who claimed lower levels of MPVA and VPA.
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A Comparison of Meeting Physical Activity and Screen Time Recommendations between Canadian Youth Living in Rural and Urban Communities: A Nationally Representative Cross-Sectional Analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19074394. [PMID: 35410073 PMCID: PMC8998429 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19074394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Meeting the physical activity (PA) and recreational screen time recommendations for children and young people is associated with several health benefits. The purpose of this study was to compare the odds of meeting PA and recreational screen time recommendations between the Canadian youth living in urban versus rural communities. We analyzed nationally representative cross-sectional data collected as part of the 2017–2018 cycles of the Canadian Community Health Survey among young people aged 12–17 years. PA and screen time were self-reported. Sex-specific multivariable logistic regression models were used to estimate the odds of meeting individual and combined PA and recreational screen time recommendations by rural and urban status after adjusting for individual, socioeconomic, and seasonal covariates. The odds of meeting the PA recommendation were not statistically significantly different among males (OR = 1.01, 95% CI: 0.86–1.18) or females (OR 1.05, 95% CI: 0.99–1.11) living in urban versus rural communities. The odds of meeting the recreational screen time recommendations were statistically significantly lower among male (OR = 0.71, 95% CI: 0.65–0.77) and female (OR = 0.71, 95% CI: 0.59–0.86) youth living in urban compared to those in rural communities. The odds of meeting the combined PA and screen time recommendations were statistically significantly lower among urban males (OR = 0.75, 95% CI: 0.71–0.81) but not females (OR = 0.82, 95% CI: 0.58–1.15) than those from rural communities. These findings suggest that residential context (i.e., urban versus rural) may have a differential impact on meeting the combined PA and screen time recommendations among the male and female Canadian youth. Future research should investigate these differences using device-based measures.
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Mubarak N, Wynn A, Tapasak B, Collins A, Mubarak N, Gonzalez C, Marino G, Mayne S. An examination of temporal trends in health behaviors among United States children, adolescents, and adults from 2005 to 2016. J Public Health Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/22799036221102759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Lifestyle-related health behaviors are major contributors to preventable chronic diseases. We aimed to characterize temporal trends in health behaviors of US children, adolescents, and adults and examine the association of sociodemographic characteristics with clustering of unhealthy behaviors. Methods The study population included 46,793 participants from the 2005 to 2016 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from three age groups: children (aged 2–11), adolescents (aged 12–19), and adults (aged ≥20). We calculated weighted prevalences of unhealthy behaviors—poor diet quality, low physical activity, screentime, fast food consumption, smoking (adolescents and adults), alcohol use, and short sleep duration (adults)—for each survey wave to examine temporal trends across age groups. Multivariable logistic regression estimated associations of sociodemographic characteristics with unhealthy behavior clustering (≥2 behaviors), stratified by age. Results Results of the study demonstrated that between 2005 and 2016, the proportion of children and adolescents not meeting the physical activity guidelines increased and screentime increased among all ages. Dietary quality improved and smoking prevalence declined among adolescents and adults, while fast food consumption declined among adolescents. Unhealthy behavior clustering among children increased by 13%. The odds of unhealthy behavior clustering were higher among children and adolescents that were older, non-Hispanic Black, or lived in unmarried households, and among adults who were younger, non-Hispanic black, had lower educational attainment, were uninsured or had public insurance, and had lower poverty-to-income ratios. Conclusion The findings suggest that screentime and physical inactivity are growing areas of concern in the U.S. population, and that disparities in adherence to multiple healthy behaviors may contribute to disparities in chronic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naser Mubarak
- College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - Austin Wynn
- College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - Brandon Tapasak
- College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - Andrew Collins
- College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - Norah Mubarak
- Edward Via College of Osteopathic Medicine, Spartanburg, SC, USA
| | - Carla Gonzalez
- College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - Gustavo Marino
- College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - Stephanie Mayne
- Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia (CHOP) and the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Julian V, Haschke F, Fearnbach N, Gomahr J, Pixner T, Furthner D, Weghuber D, Thivel D. Effects of Movement Behaviors on Overall Health and Appetite Control: Current Evidence and Perspectives in Children and Adolescents. Curr Obes Rep 2022; 11:10-22. [PMID: 35020189 PMCID: PMC9165266 DOI: 10.1007/s13679-021-00467-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW To present the definitions and recommendations for movement behaviors in children and adolescents, including physical activity (PA), sedentary behaviors (SB), and sleep, and to provide an overview regarding their impact on health and obesity outcomes from childhood to adulthood, as well as interactions with appetite control. RECENT FINDINGS PA represents a variable proportion of daily energy expenditure and one can be active with high SB or vice versa. Studies have described movements across the whole day on a continuum from sleep to SB to varying intensities of PA. More PA, less SB (e.g., less screen time) and longer sleep are positively associated with indicators of physical health (e.g., lower BMI, adiposity, cardiometabolic risk) and cognitive development (e.g., motor skills, academic achievement). However, less than 10% of children currently meet recommendations for all three movement behaviors. Movement behaviors, adiposity, and related cardiometabolic diseases in childhood track into adolescence and adulthood. Furthermore, low PA/high SB profiles are associated with increased energy intake. Recent studies investigating energy balance regulation showed that desirable movement behavior profiles are associated with better appetite control and improved eating habits. Early identification of behavioral phenotypes and a comprehensive approach addressing all key behaviors that directly affect energy balance will allow for individual strategies to prevent or treat obesity and its comorbidities. Investigating exercise as a potential "corrector" of impaired appetite control offers a promising weight management approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valérie Julian
- Department of Sport Medicine and Functional Explorations, University Teaching Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand, Diet and Musculoskeletal Health Team, Research Center in Human Nutrition, INRA, University of Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
- Obesity Research Unit, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Ferdinand Haschke
- Department of Pediatrics, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Nicole Fearnbach
- Pediatric Energy Balance Laboratory, Clinical Sciences Division, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA USA
| | - Julian Gomahr
- Obesity Research Unit, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
- Department of Pediatrics, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Thomas Pixner
- Obesity Research Unit, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Salzkammergut-Klinikum, Vöcklabruck, Austria
| | - Dieter Furthner
- Obesity Research Unit, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Salzkammergut-Klinikum, Vöcklabruck, Austria
| | - Daniel Weghuber
- Obesity Research Unit, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
- Department of Pediatrics, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - David Thivel
- Laboratory AME2P, Research Center in Human Nutrition, University of Clermont Auvergne, Aubière, France
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Materová E, Pelclová J, Gába A, Frömel K. Surveillance of physical activity and sedentary behaviour in czech children and adolescents: a scoping review of the literature from the past two decades. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:363. [PMID: 35189870 PMCID: PMC8859875 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-12766-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to map the available evidence related to physical activity (PA) and sedentary behaviour (SB) in Czech children and adolescents and suggest future directions and improvements to strengthen the surveillance of PA and SB in the Czech Republic. METHODS The search of articles published between January 2000 and December 2020 included the Medline and Medvik databases and a manual search in eight Czech journals related to the topic. This review followed the "Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews". RESULTS Out of 350 identified articles, 79 articles met the criteria for selection and referred to 27 studies. The majority of the articles were cross-sectional (89%), approximately two-thirds of the articles (61%) examined only PA, and half of the articles (51%) employed device-based assessments. Approximately 47% of the articles reported the prevalence of physical inactivity on the basis of inconsistently defined recommendations. Approximately 14%, 23%, and 10% of the articles focused on active transportation, organized PA (including physical education or leisure-time PA), and parent-child PA, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Future studies need to focus on longitudinal design and interventions, randomly selected samples, a mix of device-based and self-reported methods, and the recognition of health-related 24-hour time use patterns. This review advocates the government-supported development of a national surveillance system that will help to reduce insufficient PA and excessive SB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliška Materová
- Institute of Active Lifestyle, Faculty of Physical Culture, Palacký University Olomouc, tř. Míru 117, 771 11 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Pelclová
- Institute of Active Lifestyle, Faculty of Physical Culture, Palacký University Olomouc, tř. Míru 117, 771 11 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Aleš Gába
- Department of Natural Sciences in Kinathropology, Faculty of Physical Culture, Palacký University Olomouc, tř. Míru 117, 771 11 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Karel Frömel
- Institute of Active Lifestyle, Faculty of Physical Culture, Palacký University Olomouc, tř. Míru 117, 771 11 Olomouc, Czech Republic
- Institute of Sport Sciences, the Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education, Katowice, Poland
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Prevalence of Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviors in the French Population: Results and Evolution between Two Cross-Sectional Population-Based Studies, 2006 and 2016. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19042164. [PMID: 35206352 PMCID: PMC8871946 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19042164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Insufficient physical activity and sedentary behaviors (SB) are major risk factors for non-communicable diseases. Monitoring the prevalence of physical activity (PA) and SB is essential to meet the health needs of the population. This article presents the prevalence of PA and SB in the French population and their evolution during the last decade. Data come from two cross-sectional surveys, representative of the population in France, the “Etude Nationale Nutrition Santé” 2006–2007 and the Esteban study 2014–2016, and were collected through the International Physical Activity Questionnaire and the Recent Physical Activity Questionnaire for adults, the Youth Risk Behavior Survey and specific questionnaire for children. In 2014–2016, 71% of men and 53% of women met the PA recommendations (5 or more days per week with a moderate-intensity physical activity of at least 30 min per day). Since 2006–2007, PA has decreased for women, but increased for men; 80% of adults reported a daily leisure screen time of at least three hours in 2014–2016, in strong growth since 2006–2007. Among children, only 51% of boys and 33% of girls were meeting the PA recommendations (at least 60 min of moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity daily). PA decreased significantly after the age of 10. Three-quarters of children spent two hours or more in front of a screen every day. These results show a lack of PA, in particular among women and girls, a high prevalence of SB in the French population, and a deterioration of these behaviours between 2006 and 2016.
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Herke M, Moor I, Winter K, Hack M, Hoffmann S, Spallek J, Hilger-Kolb J, Herr R, Pischke C, Dragano N, Novelli A, Richter M. Role of contextual and compositional characteristics of schools for health inequalities in childhood and adolescence: a scoping review. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e052925. [PMID: 35105578 PMCID: PMC8808395 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-052925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To synthesise the evidence on the role of compositional or contextual characteristics of schools in the association between students' socioeconomic position and their health in primary and secondary education in developed economies. DESIGN Scoping review. We included studies examining the role of at least one school or class characteristic on students' health inequalities and was published since 1 January 2000, in English or German. We searched PubMed/Medline, Web of Science and Education Resources Information Center. We provided a narrative synthesis and an overview of findings. School characteristics were grouped into five broad categories: school composition, school climate, school policies and organisation, food environment and facilities. RESULTS Of 8520 records identified, 26 studies were included. Twelve studies found a moderating and 3 a mediating effect. The strongest evidence came from studies examining the moderating effect of school composition, that is, the negative impact of a low individual socioeconomic position on mental health and well-being was aggravated by a low average socioeconomic position of schools. Evidence concerning the role of school climate, school stratification (eg, performance base tracking) and sponsorship, food environment and sport facilities and equipment was generally weak or very weak and mostly based on singular findings. Overall, favourable meso-level characteristics mitigated the negative impact of low individual socioeconomic position on health outcomes. CONCLUSIONS School characteristics affect health inequalities in children and adolescents to some degree, but future research is necessary to strengthen the existing evidence and address under-represented aspects in school characteristics and health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Max Herke
- Institute of Medical Sociology, Medical Faculty, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Irene Moor
- Institute of Medical Sociology, Medical Faculty, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Kristina Winter
- Institute of Medical Sociology, Medical Faculty, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Miriam Hack
- Institute of Medical Sociology, Medical Faculty, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Stephanie Hoffmann
- Department of Public Health, Brandenburg University of Technology, Senftenberg, Germany
| | - Jacob Spallek
- Department of Public Health, Brandenburg University of Technology, Senftenberg, Germany
| | - Jennifer Hilger-Kolb
- Mannheim Institute of Public Health, Social and Preventive Medicine, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Raphael Herr
- Mannheim Institute of Public Health, Social and Preventive Medicine, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Claudia Pischke
- Institute of Medical Sociology, Centre for Health and Society, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Nico Dragano
- Institute of Medical Sociology, Centre for Health and Society, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Anna Novelli
- Chair of Health Economics, Technical University of Munich, München, Germany
| | - Matthias Richter
- Institute of Medical Sociology, Medical Faculty, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
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Buoncristiano M, Spinelli A, Williams J, Nardone P, Rito AI, García-Solano M, Grøholt EK, Gutiérrez-González E, Klepp KI, Starc G, Petrauskienė A, Kunešová M, Hassapidou M, Pérez-Farinós N, Pudule I, Kelleher CC, Duleva V, Rakovac I, Chatterjee S, Breda J. Childhood overweight and obesity in Europe: Changes from 2007 to 2017. Obes Rev 2021; 22 Suppl 6:e13226. [PMID: 34378305 DOI: 10.1111/obr.13226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The Childhood Obesity Surveillance Initiative (COSI) routinely measures height and weight of primary school children aged 6-9 years and calculates overweight and obesity prevalence within the World Health Organization (WHO) European Region using a standard methodology. This study examines the trends in the prevalence of overweight and obesity from the first round of COSI carried out in 2007/2008 to the latest of 2015/2017 in 11 European countries in which data were collected for at least three rounds. In total 303,155 children were measured. In general, the prevalence of overweight and obesity among boys and girls decreased in countries with high prevalence (Southern Europe) and remained stable or slightly increased in Northern European and Eastern European countries included in the analysis. Among boys, the highest decrease in overweight (including obesity) was observed in Portugal (from 40.5% in 2007/2008 to 28.4 in 2015/2017) and in Greece for obesity (from 30.5% in 2009/2010 to 21.7% in 2015/2017). Lithuania recorded the strongest increase in the proportion of boys with overweight (from 24.8% to 28.5%) and obesity (from 9.4% to 12.2%). The trends were similar for boys and girls in most countries. Several countries in Europe have successfully implemented policies and interventions to counteract the increase of overweight and obesity, but there is still much to be done.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Buoncristiano
- World Health Organization (WHO) European Office for the Prevention and Control of Noncommunicable Diseases, Division of Country Health Programmes, WHO Regional Office for Europe, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Angela Spinelli
- National Centre for Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Italian National Institute of Health (Istituto Superiore di Sanità), Rome, Italy
| | - Julianne Williams
- World Health Organization (WHO) European Office for the Prevention and Control of Noncommunicable Diseases, Division of Country Health Programmes, WHO Regional Office for Europe, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Paola Nardone
- National Centre for Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Italian National Institute of Health (Istituto Superiore di Sanità), Rome, Italy
| | - Ana Isabel Rito
- WHO/Europe Collaborating Center for Nutrition and Childhood Obesity-Food and Nutrition Department, National Institute of Health Dr. Ricardo Jorge, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Marta García-Solano
- Spanish Agency for Food Safety and Nutrition, Ministry of Consumer Affairs, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Knut Inge Klepp
- Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Nutrition, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Gregor Starc
- Faculty of Sport, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Aušra Petrauskienė
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Marie Kunešová
- Obesity Management Centre, Institute of Endocrinology, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Maria Hassapidou
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, International Hellenic University, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Napoleón Pérez-Farinós
- Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Málaga, Spain
| | - Iveta Pudule
- Department of Research and Health Statistics, Centre for Disease and Prevention Control, Riga, Latvia
| | - Cecily C Kelleher
- College of Health and Agricultural Sciences, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Vesselka Duleva
- Department Food and Nutrition, National Centre of Public Health and Analyses, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Ivo Rakovac
- World Health Organization (WHO) European Office for the Prevention and Control of Noncommunicable Diseases, Division of Country Health Programmes, WHO Regional Office for Europe, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Saion Chatterjee
- World Health Organization (WHO) European Office for the Prevention and Control of Noncommunicable Diseases, Division of Country Health Programmes, WHO Regional Office for Europe, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - João Breda
- World Health Organization (WHO) European Office for the Prevention and Control of Noncommunicable Diseases, Division of Country Health Programmes, WHO Regional Office for Europe, Moscow, Russian Federation
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Sex/gender considerations in school-based interventions to promote children’s and adolescents’ physical activity. GERMAN JOURNAL OF EXERCISE AND SPORT RESEARCH 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12662-021-00724-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
AbstractPhysical inactivity is an increasing problem worldwide, but especially among girls. This difference by gender increases with age. Schools serve virtually all young people in most parts of the world and can thus play an important role in promoting physical activity. In this systematic review, we qualitatively and comprehensively assessed the treatment of sex/gender considerations (from study design to discussion of results) in 56 school-based intervention studies aiming to promote physical activity in children and adolescents. In all 56 studies, the factor of sex/gender was only rudimentarily considered, regardless of the effectiveness of the intervention. The meta-analysis revealed that the interventions had significant but relatively small effects with both girls and boys, along with high heterogeneity. To obtain better information about effective strategies that promote physical activity for both girls and boys equally, researchers conducting future intervention studies should pay attention to sex/gender differences and report on how they take this factor into account.
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Gil-Campos M, Pérez-Ferreirós A, Llorente-Cantarero FJ, Anguita-Ruiz A, Bedoya-Carpente JJ, Kalén A, Moreno LA, Bueno G, Gil Á, Aguilera CM, Leis R. Association of Diet, Physical Activity Guidelines and Cardiometabolic Risk Markers in Children. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13092954. [PMID: 34578831 PMCID: PMC8466174 DOI: 10.3390/nu13092954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2021] [Revised: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim was to identify different dietary and physical activity (PA) patterns in 5- to 14-year-old children with a high prevalence of overweight and obesity using cluster analysis based on their adherence to the Spanish Society of Community Nutrition dietary guidelines and levels of PA, and to determine their associations with age, sex, body composition, and cardiometabolic risk markers. In 549 children, hierarchical cluster analysis was used to identify subgroups with similar adherence to dietary recommendations and level of PA. Three clusters were identified: Cluster 1, with the lowest level of vigorous PA and adherence to dietary recommendations; Cluster 2, with the lowest levels of moderate and vigorous PA and the highest adherence to dietary recommendations; and Cluster 3, with the highest level of PA, especially vigorous PA and a medium level adherence to dietary recommendations. Cluster 3 had lower total body fat and higher lean body mass percentages than Cluster 2. Cluster 2 had lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and higher low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels than Cluster 1. The results from our study suggest that it is important to consider adherence to PA recommendations together with adherence to dietary guidelines to understand patterns of obesogenic habits in pediatric populations with high prevalence of overweight and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mercedes Gil-Campos
- CIBEROBN, (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition) Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (M.G.-C.); (F.J.L.-C.); (A.A.-R.); (L.A.M.); (Á.G.); (C.M.A.)
- Metabolism and Investigation Unit, Reina Sofia University Hospital, Maimónides Institute of Biomedicine Research of Córdoba (IMIBIC), University of Córdoba, 14071 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Alexandra Pérez-Ferreirós
- Unit of Investigation in Human Nutrition, Growth and Development of Galicia (GALINUT), University of Santiago de Compostela (USC), 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (A.P.-F.); (J.J.B.-C.); (A.K.)
| | - Francisco Jesús Llorente-Cantarero
- CIBEROBN, (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition) Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (M.G.-C.); (F.J.L.-C.); (A.A.-R.); (L.A.M.); (Á.G.); (C.M.A.)
- Department of Specific Didactics, Faculty of Education, University of Córdoba, 14004 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Augusto Anguita-Ruiz
- CIBEROBN, (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition) Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (M.G.-C.); (F.J.L.-C.); (A.A.-R.); (L.A.M.); (Á.G.); (C.M.A.)
- Center of Biomedical Research, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology “José Mataix”, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
- Biosanitary Research Institute (IBS), 18014 Granada, Spain
| | - Juan José Bedoya-Carpente
- Unit of Investigation in Human Nutrition, Growth and Development of Galicia (GALINUT), University of Santiago de Compostela (USC), 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (A.P.-F.); (J.J.B.-C.); (A.K.)
| | - Anton Kalén
- Unit of Investigation in Human Nutrition, Growth and Development of Galicia (GALINUT), University of Santiago de Compostela (USC), 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (A.P.-F.); (J.J.B.-C.); (A.K.)
| | - Luis A. Moreno
- CIBEROBN, (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition) Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (M.G.-C.); (F.J.L.-C.); (A.A.-R.); (L.A.M.); (Á.G.); (C.M.A.)
- GENUD Research Group, Institute of Sanitary Research of Aragón (IIS Aragón), University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- Agri-Food Institute of Aragon (IA2), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Gloria Bueno
- CIBEROBN, (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition) Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (M.G.-C.); (F.J.L.-C.); (A.A.-R.); (L.A.M.); (Á.G.); (C.M.A.)
- GENUD Research Group, Institute of Sanitary Research of Aragón (IIS Aragón), University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- Agri-Food Institute of Aragon (IA2), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- Unit of Pediatric Endocrinology, University Clinical Hospital Lozano Blesa, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- Correspondence: (G.B.); (R.L.); Tel.: +34-619223420 (G.B.); +34-619019196 (R.L.)
| | - Ángel Gil
- CIBEROBN, (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition) Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (M.G.-C.); (F.J.L.-C.); (A.A.-R.); (L.A.M.); (Á.G.); (C.M.A.)
- Center of Biomedical Research, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology “José Mataix”, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
- Biosanitary Research Institute (IBS), 18014 Granada, Spain
| | - Concepción M. Aguilera
- CIBEROBN, (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition) Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (M.G.-C.); (F.J.L.-C.); (A.A.-R.); (L.A.M.); (Á.G.); (C.M.A.)
- Center of Biomedical Research, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology “José Mataix”, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
- Biosanitary Research Institute (IBS), 18014 Granada, Spain
| | - Rosaura Leis
- CIBEROBN, (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition) Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (M.G.-C.); (F.J.L.-C.); (A.A.-R.); (L.A.M.); (Á.G.); (C.M.A.)
- Unit of Investigation in Human Nutrition, Growth and Development of Galicia (GALINUT), University of Santiago de Compostela (USC), 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (A.P.-F.); (J.J.B.-C.); (A.K.)
- Unit of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Pediatric Service, University Clinical Hospital of Santiago (CHUS), 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Pediatric Nutrition Research Group, Institute of Sanitary Research of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), CHUS–USC, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Correspondence: (G.B.); (R.L.); Tel.: +34-619223420 (G.B.); +34-619019196 (R.L.)
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Heale LD, Houghton KM, Rezaei E, Baxter-Jones ADG, Tupper SM, Muhajarine N, Benseler SM, Boire G, Cabral DA, Campillo S, Chédeville G, Chetaille AL, Dancey P, Duffy C, Duffy KW, Ellsworth J, Guzman J, Huber AM, Jurencak R, Lang B, Laxer RM, Morishita K, Oen KG, Petty RE, Ramsey SE, Roth J, Schneider R, Scuccimarri R, Spiegel L, Stringer E, Tse SML, Tucker LB, Turvey SE, Yeung RSM, Rosenberg AM. Clinical and psychosocial stress factors are associated with decline in physical activity over time in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Pediatr Rheumatol Online J 2021; 19:97. [PMID: 34187498 PMCID: PMC8243495 DOI: 10.1186/s12969-021-00584-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical activity (PA) patterns in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) over time are not well described. The aim of this study was to describe associations of physical activity (PA) with disease activity, function, pain, and psychosocial stress in the 2 years following diagnosis in an inception cohort of children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). METHODS In 82 children with newly diagnosed JIA, PA levels, prospectively determined at enrollment, 12 and 24 months using the Physical Activity Questionnaire for Children (PAQ-C) and Adolescents (PAQ-A) raw scores, were evaluated in relation to disease activity as reflected by arthritis activity (Juvenile Arthritis Disease Activity Score (JADAS-71)), function, pain, and psychosocial stresses using a linear mixed model approach. Results in the JIA cohort were compared to normative Pediatric Bone Mineral Accrual Study data derived from healthy children using z-scores. RESULTS At enrollment, PA z-score levels of study participants were lower than those in the normative population (median z-score - 0.356; p = 0.005). At enrollment, PA raw scores were negatively associated with the psychosocial domain of the Juvenile Arthritis Quality of Life Questionnaire (r = - 0.251; p = 0.023). There was a significant decline in PAQ-C/A raw scores from baseline (median and IQR: 2.6, 1.4-3.1) to 24 months (median and IQR: 2.1, 1.4-2.7; p = 0.003). The linear mixed-effect model showed that PAQ-C/A raw scores in children with JIA decreased as age, disease duration, and ESR increased. The PAQ-C/A raw scores of the participants was also negatively influenced by an increase in disease activity as measured by the JADAS-71 (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION Canadian children with newly diagnosed JIA have lower PA levels than healthy children. The decline in PA levels over time was associated with disease activity and higher disease-specific psychosocial stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liane D. Heale
- grid.422356.40000 0004 0634 5667McMaster Children’s Hospital and McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Kristin M. Houghton
- grid.414137.40000 0001 0684 7788British Columbia Children’s Hospital and University of British Columbia, 4480 Oak Street, Room K4-120, Vancouver, BC V6H 3V4 Canada
| | - Elham Rezaei
- grid.25152.310000 0001 2154 235XJim Pattison Children’s Hospital and University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | | | - Susan M. Tupper
- grid.25152.310000 0001 2154 235XJim Pattison Children’s Hospital and University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Nazeem Muhajarine
- grid.25152.310000 0001 2154 235XJim Pattison Children’s Hospital and University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Susanne M. Benseler
- grid.413571.50000 0001 0684 7358Alberta Children’s Hospital and University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Gilles Boire
- grid.86715.3d0000 0000 9064 6198Centre Intégré Universitaire de Santé et de Services Sociaux de l’Estrie– Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Santé (CIUSSS de l’Estrie-CHUS) and University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Canada
| | - David A. Cabral
- grid.414137.40000 0001 0684 7788British Columbia Children’s Hospital and University of British Columbia, 4480 Oak Street, Room K4-120, Vancouver, BC V6H 3V4 Canada
| | - Sarah Campillo
- grid.416084.f0000 0001 0350 814XMontreal Children’s Hospital and McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Gaëlle Chédeville
- grid.416084.f0000 0001 0350 814XMontreal Children’s Hospital and McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Anne-Laure Chetaille
- grid.411081.d0000 0000 9471 1794le Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Quebec, Quebec, Canada
| | - Paul Dancey
- grid.477424.60000 0004 0640 6407Janeway Children’s Health and Rehabilitation Centre and Memorial University, St. John’s, Canada
| | - Ciaran Duffy
- grid.414148.c0000 0000 9402 6172Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario and University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Karen Watanabe Duffy
- grid.414148.c0000 0000 9402 6172Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario and University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Janet Ellsworth
- grid.416656.60000 0004 0633 3703Stollery Children’s Hospital and University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Jaime Guzman
- grid.414137.40000 0001 0684 7788British Columbia Children’s Hospital and University of British Columbia, 4480 Oak Street, Room K4-120, Vancouver, BC V6H 3V4 Canada
| | - Adam M. Huber
- grid.414870.e0000 0001 0351 6983IWK Health Centre and Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada
| | - Roman Jurencak
- grid.414148.c0000 0000 9402 6172Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario and University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Bianca Lang
- grid.414870.e0000 0001 0351 6983IWK Health Centre and Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada
| | - Ronald M. Laxer
- grid.42327.300000 0004 0473 9646The Hospital for Sick Children and University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Kimberly Morishita
- grid.414137.40000 0001 0684 7788British Columbia Children’s Hospital and University of British Columbia, 4480 Oak Street, Room K4-120, Vancouver, BC V6H 3V4 Canada
| | - Kiem G. Oen
- grid.413983.4The Children’s Hospital of Winnipeg and University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Ross E. Petty
- grid.414137.40000 0001 0684 7788British Columbia Children’s Hospital and University of British Columbia, 4480 Oak Street, Room K4-120, Vancouver, BC V6H 3V4 Canada
| | - Suzanne E. Ramsey
- grid.414870.e0000 0001 0351 6983IWK Health Centre and Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada
| | - Johannes Roth
- grid.414148.c0000 0000 9402 6172Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario and University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Rayfel Schneider
- grid.42327.300000 0004 0473 9646The Hospital for Sick Children and University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Rosie Scuccimarri
- grid.416084.f0000 0001 0350 814XMontreal Children’s Hospital and McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Lynn Spiegel
- grid.42327.300000 0004 0473 9646The Hospital for Sick Children and University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Elizabeth Stringer
- grid.414870.e0000 0001 0351 6983IWK Health Centre and Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada
| | - Shirley M. L. Tse
- grid.42327.300000 0004 0473 9646The Hospital for Sick Children and University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Lori B. Tucker
- grid.414137.40000 0001 0684 7788British Columbia Children’s Hospital and University of British Columbia, 4480 Oak Street, Room K4-120, Vancouver, BC V6H 3V4 Canada
| | - Stuart E. Turvey
- grid.414137.40000 0001 0684 7788British Columbia Children’s Hospital and University of British Columbia, 4480 Oak Street, Room K4-120, Vancouver, BC V6H 3V4 Canada
| | - Rae S. M. Yeung
- grid.42327.300000 0004 0473 9646The Hospital for Sick Children and University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Alan M. Rosenberg
- grid.25152.310000 0001 2154 235XJim Pattison Children’s Hospital and University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
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Chen Y, Osika W, Henriksson G, Dahlstrand J, Friberg P. Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on mental health and health behaviors in Swedish adolescents. Scand J Public Health 2021; 50:26-32. [PMID: 34100665 PMCID: PMC8808000 DOI: 10.1177/14034948211021724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
AIMS There is an urgent need to explore the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on adolescent mental health and health behaviours. To date, there are no such studies on Swedish adolescents. As COVID-19 emerged in the middle of our ongoing 2-year follow-up examination of the Study of Adolescence Resilience and Stress, we had the unique opportunity to use the corona outbreak as a 'natural experiment' to study the impact of COVID-19 on 15-year-old adolescents in Sweden. METHODS Adolescents (baseline age 13.6±0.4 years) were recruited from schools in western Sweden (during the COVID-19 outbreak schools were kept open for those under 16 years of age). The COVID-19 pandemic reached Sweden on 31 January 2020. A total of 1316 adolescents answered the 2-year follow-up survey before (unexposed to COVID-19 pandemic, controls) and 584 after 1 February 2020 (COVID19-exposed). Data on stress, psychosomatic symptoms, happiness, relationships with parents and peers, school and health behaviours were collected. RESULTS Adolescents reported higher levels of stress and psychosomatic symptoms and lower levels of happiness at follow-up compared to baseline. These changes occurred to a similar extent in both the control and COVID-19-exposed groups. Likewise, the COVID-19-exposed group showed no deterioration in peer relations or relations with parents versus controls. We did not find any significant differences between groups regarding sleep duration and physical activity. Conclusions: Swedish adolescents exposed to COVID-19 during most of 2020 showed no differences in longitudinal changes in mental health, relationships with parents and peers, and health behaviours compared to those not exposed to COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Chen
- School of Public Health and Community Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Sweden
- Yun Chen, School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Arvid Wallgrens backe 2A, Hus 7, plan 3, 41390 Göteborg, Sweden. E-mail:
| | - Walter Osika
- Centre for Psychiatry Research, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm Health Care Services, Sweden
| | | | - Johan Dahlstrand
- School of Public Health and Community Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Sweden
- The Swedish Institute for Global Health Transformation (SIGHT), Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, Sweden
| | - Peter Friberg
- School of Public Health and Community Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Sweden
- The Swedish Institute for Global Health Transformation (SIGHT), Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, Sweden
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Secular trends in health-related physical fitness among 11-14-year-old Croatian children and adolescents from 1999 to 2014. Sci Rep 2021; 11:11039. [PMID: 34040133 PMCID: PMC8155011 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-90745-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The main purpose of the study was to analyze secular trends of health-related physical fitness in 7–14-year-old Croatian children and adolescents from 1999 and 2014. In this observational cross-sectional study, we recruited 5077 children and adolescents between ages 11 and 14 (50.8% girls) from five primary schools located in the capital city of Zagreb. Physical fitness performance was tested from 1999 until 2014. Physical fitness performance included: (1) body-mass index (measure of body size), (2) standing broad jump (measure of lower-body power), (3) polygon backwards (measure of general coordination and agility), (4) sit-ups in 60 s (measure of upper-body strength), (5) sit-and-reach test (measure of flexibility) and (6) 6-min run test (measure of cardiorespiratory fitness). Boys performed better in all physical fitness tests, except for sit-and-reach test (p < 0.001). In boys, between 1999 and 2014, body size, upper-body strength and coordination/agility increased, while flexibility, lower-body power and cardiorespiratory fitness decreased. During the same period, girls experienced an increase in body size, lower-body power, upper-body strength, coordination/agility and flexibility, while cardiorespiratory fitness decreased. This study shows that cardiorespiratory fitness, flexibility and coordination/agility decrease, while upper-body strength increases in both sexes. These findings should serve as an avenue for national monitoring system to screen and track biological development in children and adolescents.
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France's 2020 Report Card on Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviors in Children and Youth: Results and Progression. J Phys Act Health 2021; 18:811-817. [PMID: 34039777 DOI: 10.1123/jpah.2021-0025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Revised: 03/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is an alarming and constant worldwide progression of physical inactivity and sedentary behaviors in children and adolescents. The present paper summarizes findings from France's 2020 Report Card on physical activity for children and youth, comparing its results to its 2 previous editions (2016 and 2018). METHODS France's 2020 Report Card follows the standardized methodology established by the Active Healthy Kids Global Matrix, grading 10 common physical activity indicators using the best available evidence. The grades were informed by national surveys, peer-reviewed literature, government and nongovernment reports, and online information. RESULTS The expert panel awarded the following grades: Overall Physical Activity: D; Organized Sport Participation and Physical Activity: C-; Active Play: INC; Active Transportation: C-; Sedentary Behaviors: D-; Family and Peers: D-; Physical Fitness: D; School: B-; Community and the Built Environment: F; Government: C. CONCLUSIONS This 2020 edition of France's Report Card again highlights the alarming levels of physical activity and sedentary behaviors among French children and adolescents, calling for the development of effective national action. It also draws attention to the particular deleterious effects of the COVID-19 confinement on youth's movement behaviors, which significantly worsened the situation.
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Mooses K, Taveter K. Agent-Oriented Goal Models in Developing Information Systems Supporting Physical Activity Among Adolescents: Literature Review and Expert Interviews. J Med Internet Res 2021; 23:e24810. [PMID: 34009127 PMCID: PMC8173397 DOI: 10.2196/24810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Revised: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Information and communication technologies (ICTs) are becoming increasingly popular in supporting the fight against low physical activity (PA) levels among adolescents. However, several ICT solutions lack evidence-based content. Therefore, there is a need to identify important features that have the potential to efficiently and consistently support the PA of adolescents using ICT solutions. Objective This study aims to create evidence-based models of requirements for ICT solutions supporting PA by combining scientific evidence from literature and health experts. In addition, we test the suitability of agent-oriented goal models in this type of modeling process. Methods A literature search of PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases was conducted to identify evidence-based functional, quality, and emotional goals that have previously been proven to be relevant in supporting PAs among youth using ICT solutions. The identified goals were presented in the form of goal models. These models were used to collaborate with health experts to receive their input on the topic and suggestions for improvement. The initial goal models were improved based on the feedback from the experts. Results The results indicated that agent-oriented goal modeling is a suitable method for merging information from the literature and experts. One strength of agent-oriented goal models is that they present emotional requirements together with quality and functional requirements. Another strength is the possibility of presenting results from a literature review in a systematic manner and using them thereafter in the communication process with stakeholders. Agent-oriented goal models that were created were easy to understand for health experts without previous experience in requirements engineering, which facilitates and supports collaboration with nontechnical stakeholders. Conclusions The proposed agent-oriented goal models effectively merged information from scientific literature and experts in the field and presented early functional, quality, and emotional requirements in a holistic and coherent manner. We believe that the created models have high potential to help requirements engineers and developers to provide more efficient ICT solutions that support PA among adolescents in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerli Mooses
- Institute of Computer Science, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Kuldar Taveter
- Institute of Computer Science, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
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Hutzler Y, Tesler R, Ng K, Barak S, Kazula H, Harel-Fisch Y. Physical activity, sedentary screen time and bullying behaviors: exploring differences between adolescents with and without disabilities. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ADOLESCENCE AND YOUTH 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/02673843.2021.1875852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yeshayahu Hutzler
- Academic College at Wingate, Wingate Institute, Netanya, Israel
- Israel Sport Center for the Disabled, Ramat-Gan, Israel
| | - Riki Tesler
- Department of Health Systems Management, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel
| | - Kwok Ng
- School of Educational Sciences and Psychology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio Finland
- Physical Activity for Health Research Cluster, Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick Ireland
| | - Sharon Barak
- Department of Pediatric Rehabilitation, The Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat-Gan
- Kaye Academic College of Education, Physical Education, Beer-Sheva, Israel
- College of Public Health, Ben Gurion University, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Hadas Kazula
- Academic College at Wingate, Wingate Institute, Netanya, Israel
| | - Yossi Harel-Fisch
- Faculty of Social Sciences, School of Education, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel
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Differences in Weight Status and Autonomous Motivation towards Sports among Children with Various Profiles of Motor Competence and Organized Sports Participation. CHILDREN-BASEL 2021; 8:children8020156. [PMID: 33670830 PMCID: PMC7922107 DOI: 10.3390/children8020156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed (1) to identify profiles in children based on actual motor competence (AMC), perceived motor competence (PMC), and organized sports participation (OSP), and (2) to examine differences among these profiles in weight status as well as autonomous motivation towards sports. Children’s (N = 206; 112 boys; Mage = 10.83 ± 0.92 years) AMC, PMC, OSP, weight status, and autonomous motivation towards sports were measured using validated assessment tools. Cluster analyses identified three profiles with completely convergent levels of AMC, PMC, and OSP and three profiles with partially convergent levels. Children in the convergent profiles with average to high levels of AMC, PMC, and OSP had the most optimal profile, as they combined a healthier weight status with elevated levels of autonomous motivation, while the opposite was true for children with low levels on all three cluster-variables. Partially convergent profiles showed that AMC and PMC appear crucial for weight status, as profiles with relatively low levels of AMC and PMC had the highest weight status, independent of their OSP levels. Overall, the findings highlight the importance of promoting AMC, PMC, and OSP simultaneously to help children in achieving a healthy weight status and being autonomously motivated towards OSP.
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Brown DMY, Kwan MY, Arbour-Nicitopoulos KP, Cairney J. Identifying patterns of movement behaviours in relation to depressive symptoms during adolescence: A latent profile analysis approach. Prev Med 2021; 143:106352. [PMID: 33259826 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2020.106352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2020] [Revised: 10/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Movement behaviour guideline adherence has been associated with lower depressive symptoms during adolescence, yet no studies have used person-centered approaches to examine this relationship. The purpose of the present study was to identify whether unique adolescent movement behaviour profiles exist, evaluate predictors of profile membership, and determine whether profile membership was associated with differences in depressive symptoms cross sectionally and longitudinally. This study involved secondary analysis of the public-use data from Wave 1 and Wave 2 of the National Study of Adolescent Health. Adolescents (N = 6436; 48% male) in grades 7 to 12 (Mage = 16.03 ± 1.75) completed measures to assess moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), recreational screen time (ST), and sleep - collectively known as movement behaviours - and depressive symptoms. Latent profile analysis identified four profiles that had similar sleep patterns and were thus characterized by different levels of MVPA and ST: high MVPA/low ST (29%), high MVPA/high ST (4%), low MVPA/low ST (53%), and low MVPA/high ST (14%). Several socio-demographic variables were found to influence profile membership. After adjusting for covariates, findings revealed depressive symptoms were lowest among the high MVPA/low ST profile and this trend was evident one year later. Engaging in high levels of either MVPA or ST alone did not provide additive benefits for depressive symptoms compared to those who engaged in low levels of both MVPA and ST. These findings suggest intervention efforts should take an integrative approach to improve mental health outcomes among adolescents by considering each of the movement behaviours concurrently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denver M Y Brown
- McMaster University, Department of Family Medicine, 100 Main St. W., Hamilton, Ontario L8P 1H6, Canada.
| | - Matthew Y Kwan
- Brock University, Department of Child and Youth Studies, 1812 Sir Isaac Brock Way, St. Catherines, L2S 3A1, Canada.
| | - Kelly P Arbour-Nicitopoulos
- University of Toronto, Faculty of Kinesiology and Physical Education, 55 Harbord St., Toronto, Ontario M5S 2W6, Canada.
| | - John Cairney
- University of Queensland, School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, 26 Blair Dr., Brisbane, Queensland 4067, Australia.
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Fühner T, Kliegl R, Arntz F, Kriemler S, Granacher U. An Update on Secular Trends in Physical Fitness of Children and Adolescents from 1972 to 2015: A Systematic Review. Sports Med 2021; 51:303-320. [PMID: 33159655 PMCID: PMC7846517 DOI: 10.1007/s40279-020-01373-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is evidence that physical fitness of children and adolescents (particularly cardiorespiratory endurance) has declined globally over the past decades. Ever since the first reports on negative trends in physical fitness, efforts have been undertaken by for instance the World Health Organization (WHO) to promote physical activity and fitness in children and adolescents. Therefore, it is timely to re-analyze the literature to examine whether previous reports on secular declines in physical fitness are still detectable or whether they need to be updated. OBJECTIVES The objective of this systematic review is to provide an 'update' on secular trends in selected components of physical fitness (i.e., cardiorespiratory endurance, relative muscle strength, proxies of muscle power, speed) in children and adolescents aged 6-18 years. DATA SOURCES A systematic computerized literature search was conducted in the electronic databases PubMed and Web of Science to locate studies that explicitly reported secular trends in physical fitness of children and adolescents. STUDY ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA Studies were included in this systematic review if they examined secular trends between at least two time points across a minimum of 5 years. In addition, they had to document secular trends in any measure of cardiorespiratory endurance, relative muscle strength, proxies of muscle power or speed in apparently healthy children and adolescents aged 6-18 years. STUDY APPRAISAL AND SYNTHESIS METHODS The included studies were coded for the following criteria: nation, physical fitness component (cardiorespiratory endurance, relative muscle strength, proxies of muscle power, speed), chronological age, sex (boys vs. girls), and year of assessment. Scores were standardized (i.e., converted to z scores) with sample-weighted means and standard deviations, pooled across sex and year of assessment within cells defined by study, test, and children's age. RESULTS The original search identified 524 hits. In the end, 22 studies met the inclusion criteria for review. The observation period was between 1972 and 2015. Fifteen of the 22 studies used tests for cardiorespiratory endurance, eight for relative muscle strength, eleven for proxies of muscle power, and eight for speed. Measures of cardiorespiratory endurance exhibited a large initial increase and an equally large subsequent decrease, but the decrease appears to have reached a floor for all children between 2010 and 2015. Measures of relative muscle strength showed a general trend towards a small increase. Measures of proxies of muscle power indicated an overall small negative quadratic trend. For measures of speed, a small-to-medium increase was observed in recent years. LIMITATIONS Biological maturity was not considered in the analysis because biological maturity was not reported in most included studies. CONCLUSIONS Negative secular trends were particularly found for cardiorespiratory endurance between 1986 and 2010-12, irrespective of sex. Relative muscle strength and speed showed small increases while proxies of muscle power declined. Although the negative trend in cardiorespiratory endurance appears to have reached a floor in recent years, because of its association with markers of health, we recommend further initiatives in PA and fitness promotion for children and adolescents. More specifically, public health efforts should focus on exercise that increases cardiorespiratory endurance to prevent adverse health effects (i.e., overweight and obesity) and muscle strength to lay a foundation for motor skill learning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thea Fühner
- Division of Training and Movement Sciences, Research Focus Cognition Sciences, University of Potsdam, Am Neuen Palais 10, Building 12, 14469, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Reinhold Kliegl
- Division of Training and Movement Sciences, Research Focus Cognition Sciences, University of Potsdam, Am Neuen Palais 10, Building 12, 14469, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Fabian Arntz
- Division of Training and Movement Sciences, Research Focus Cognition Sciences, University of Potsdam, Am Neuen Palais 10, Building 12, 14469, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Susi Kriemler
- Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, University of Zurich, Hirschengraben 84, 8001, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Urs Granacher
- Division of Training and Movement Sciences, Research Focus Cognition Sciences, University of Potsdam, Am Neuen Palais 10, Building 12, 14469, Potsdam, Germany.
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Herke M, Moor I, Winter K, Hoffmann S, Spallek J, Hilger-Kolb J, Pischke C, Dragano N, Novelli A, Richter M. Role of contextual and compositional characteristics of schools for health inequalities in childhood and adolescence: protocol for a scoping review. BMJ Open 2020; 10:e038999. [PMID: 33361163 PMCID: PMC7759761 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-038999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Childhood and adolescence are crucial life stages for health trajectories and the development of health inequalities in later life. The relevance of schools for health and well-being of children and adolescents has long been recognised, and there is some research regarding the association of contextual and compositional characteristics of schools and classes with health, health behaviour and well-being in this population. Little is known about the role of meso-level characteristics in relation to health inequalities. The aim of this scoping review is to retrieve and synthesise evidence about the mediating or moderating role of compositional or contextual characteristics of schools for the association between students' socioeconomic position and health in primary and secondary education. METHODS AND ANALYSIS We will conduct a systematic search of electronic databases in PubMed/Medline, Web of Science and Education Resources Information Center. Studies must meet the following inclusion criteria: (1) The population must be students attending primary or secondary schools in developed economies. (2) The outcomes must include at least one indicator for individual health, health behaviour or well-being. (3) The study must include at least one contextual or compositional characteristic of the school context and one individual determinant of socioeconomic position. (4) The study must also examine the mediating or moderating role of the contextual or compositional characteristic of the school context for the associations between socioeconomic position and health, health behaviour or well-being. (5) The study must be published since 1 January 2000 in English or German language. We will provide a narrative synthesis of findings. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION We will not collect primary data and only include secondary data derived from previously published studies. Therefore, ethical approval is not required. We intend to publish our findings in an international peer-reviewed journal and to present them at national and international conferences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Max Herke
- Institute of Medical Sociology, Medical Faculty, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Irene Moor
- Institute of Medical Sociology, Medical Faculty, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Kristina Winter
- Institute of Medical Sociology, Medical Faculty, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Stephanie Hoffmann
- Department of Public Health, Faculty for Social Work, Health, and Music, Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg, Senftenberg, Germany
| | - Jacob Spallek
- Department of Public Health, Faculty for Social Work, Health, and Music, Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg, Senftenberg, Germany
| | - Jennifer Hilger-Kolb
- Mannheim Institute of Public Health, Social and Preventive Medicine, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Claudia Pischke
- Institute of Medical Sociology, Centre for Health and Society, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Nico Dragano
- Institute of Medical Sociology, Centre for Health and Society, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Anna Novelli
- Department of Health Services Management, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Matthias Richter
- Institute of Medical Sociology, Medical Faculty, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
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Life Satisfaction, Physical Activity and Quality of Life Associated with the Health of School-Age Adolescents. SUSTAINABILITY 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/su12229486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The main purpose of this study is to understand the Quality of Life Associated with Health (QLAH) of a sample of school-age adolescents, and the existing associations between the latter and other variables, such as family life satisfaction, personal life satisfaction (LS), friendships satisfaction, physical activity with family, friends and personal physical activity. The sample consisted of 1226 Spanish school-age adolescents (50.9% boys and 40.1% girls) with ages between 12 and 16 years old. Several scales that were extracted from the international Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) 2016 study, sponsored by the World Health Organization (WHO), were used as working instruments in this piece of research. SPSS (24.0) was the software package used to perform the analyses of descriptive statistics, correlation and multiple regression, whereas AMOS (24.0) was used for structural equations. The results reveal a strong association between the physical activity (PA) students undertake (personal, with their families and friends) and life satisfaction, family life satisfaction and satisfaction with the relationships with friends. Additionally, both constructs (physical activity and satisfaction, understood as an indicator of good health) can predict the respondents’ Quality of Life Associated with Health. The variables (QLAH, LS and PA) are interrelated, thus resulting in major practical implications.
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Rubín L, Gába A, Dygrýn J, Jakubec L, Materová E, Vencálek O. Prevalence and correlates of adherence to the combined movement guidelines among Czech children and adolescents. BMC Public Health 2020; 20:1692. [PMID: 33176735 PMCID: PMC7661270 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-020-09802-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background There are limited studies on the prevalence of adherence to the combined guidelines for physical activity (PA), sedentary behavior, and sleep in children and adolescents. Moreover, little is known about correlates of adherence to the guidelines. Therefore, the main aim of this study is to examine the prevalence and identify the correlates of adherence to the combined movement guidelines among children and adolescents. Methods A total of 355 children aged 8–13 years (44% boys) and 324 adolescents aged 14–18 years (43% boys) from the Czech Republic participated in this study. PA and sleep duration were estimated using multi-day 24-h raw data from wrist-worn accelerometers. Recreational screen time was parent proxy-reported in children and self-reported in adolescents. Seventeen potential correlates were grouped into three homogenous categories for biological and cognitive, behavioral, and family correlates. The multi-level multivariable logistic regression was applied to identify correlates of adherence to combined movement guidelines and to specific combinations of any of two recommendations. Results Approximately 6.5% of children and 2.2% of adolescents met all recommendations of the combined movement guidelines. In children, girls (OR = 0.4; 95% CI = 0.1–0.9) and participants with overweight or obese fathers (OR = 0.3; 95% CI = 0.1–0.7) had significantly lower odds of adherence to the combined movement guidelines. Additionally, children had higher odds of meeting specific combinations of two recommendations if they reported regular fruit and vegetable intake, participated in organized PA, or if their fathers had a university degree. Meanwhile, paternal overweight and obesity, and high sleep efficiency were associated with lower odds of meeting specific combinations of recommendations. In adolescents, sex, fruit and vegetable intake, organized PA, and active play were correlates of meeting specific combinations of any two recommendations. Conclusions A low proportion of children and adolescents met the combined movement guidelines and several correlates related to family were identified. Family is a key source of influence for healthy movement behaviors during childhood and adolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukáš Rubín
- Faculty of Physical Culture, Palacký University Olomouc, třída Míru 117, 771 11, Olomouc, Czech Republic.,Faculty of Science, Humanities and Education, Technical University of Liberec, Liberec, Czech Republic
| | - Aleš Gába
- Faculty of Physical Culture, Palacký University Olomouc, třída Míru 117, 771 11, Olomouc, Czech Republic.
| | - Jan Dygrýn
- Faculty of Physical Culture, Palacký University Olomouc, třída Míru 117, 771 11, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Lukáš Jakubec
- Faculty of Physical Culture, Palacký University Olomouc, třída Míru 117, 771 11, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Eliška Materová
- Faculty of Physical Culture, Palacký University Olomouc, třída Míru 117, 771 11, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Ondřej Vencálek
- Faculty of Science, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
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Wu WC, Chang LY, Luh DL, Wu CC, Stanaway F, Yen LL, Chang HY. Sex differences in the trajectories of and factors related to extracurricular sport participation and exercise: a cohort study spanning 13 years. BMC Public Health 2020; 20:1639. [PMID: 33138800 PMCID: PMC7607706 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-020-09745-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Extracurricular sport participation and exercise (ESPE) refers to regular exercise/sport participation in addition to the physical education in school among a school-aged population. Rather than general physical activity, ESPE is typically deliberately initiated and presents an efficient target for interventions. However, compared to physical activity, relatively few studies have investigated sex differences in the development of and factors associated with ESPE using a person-centered approach. This study aimed to examine the latent trajectories of ESPE from childhood to emerging adulthood across sexes, and to identify the associated sex-specific individual (i.e., body mass index, body dissatisfaction, stress, and screen behavior) and parental (i.e., parental exercise and parental screen behavior) factors. METHODS This study used data from part of the Child and Adolescent Behavior in Long-term Evolution (CABLE) project, which comprised 2072 fourth graders (aged 9 years) in Northern Taiwan followed annually from 2001 to 2013 (13 waves). Repeated-measures latent class analysis was used to identify the trajectories of ESPE for males and females, respectively. Multinomial logistic regression was further used to identify sex-specific factors related to ESPE. RESULTS Four trajectories of ESPE were identified for males and females. For males, these trajectories were Rarely-to-Never (20%), Often-to-Rarely (32%), Always-to-Never (21%), and Always (27%). For females, these trajectories were Rarely-to-Never (34%), Rarely (23%), Always-to-Rarely (33%), and Always (10%). We observed that the developmental patterns of ESPE varied by sex such that there was an earlier decline in the trajectories of ESPE in females than in males and that, compared with males, fewer females maintained exercise habits in young adulthood. Furthermore, we found several sex-specific factors related to ESPE, namely, stress, BMI, and parental exercise. Body dissatisfaction and individual screen behavior were associated with trajectories of ESPE for both sexes. CONCLUSIONS We found distinct trajectories of ESPE from childhood to emerging adulthood for both sexes. The trajectories of ESPE for males and females, however, differ in terms of patterns and associated factors. Our findings suggest that efforts to increase ESPE should be initiated early, and may be made more effective by considering sex differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Chi Wu
- Department of Health Promotion and Health Education, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ling-Yin Chang
- Institute of Health Behaviors and Community Sciences, School of Public Health, National Taiwan University, No.17, Xuzhou Rd., Zhongzheng Dist, Taipei City, 100, Taiwan.
| | - Dih-Ling Luh
- Department of Public Health, Chung Shang Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Chen Wu
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, No.35, Keyan Road, Zhunan, Miaoli County, 350, Taiwan
| | - Fiona Stanaway
- School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Lee-Lan Yen
- Institute of Health Policy and Management, School of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsing-Yi Chang
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, No.35, Keyan Road, Zhunan, Miaoli County, 350, Taiwan.
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Schulze C, Demetriou Y, Emmerling S, Schlund A, Phillips SP, Puil L, Coen SE, Reimers AK. A sex/gender perspective on interventions to promote children's and adolescents' overall physical activity: results from genEffects systematic review. BMC Pediatr 2020; 20:473. [PMID: 33038924 PMCID: PMC7547493 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-020-02370-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background To evaluate the effects of interventions on children’s and adolescents’ overall physical activity (PA) for boys and girls separately and to appraise the extent to which the studies haven taken sex/gender into account. Methods Systematic review and semi-quantitative analysis. Eleven electronic databases were searched to identify all relevant randomized and non-randomized controlled trials. Studies had to report overall PA as the main outcome to be eligible for inclusion in the review. The main outcomes of the studies is a quantified measure of overall PA. Additionally, all studies had to report sex/gender disaggregated overall PA at baseline and/or follow up and/or explain how they dealt with sex/gender during outcome analysis (i.e., sex/gender adjusted analyses) and/or report that there were no differences in the outcome when looking at sex/gender. PRISMA guidelines were followed. Two authors independently screened studies for eligibility and assessed the risk of bias. Semi-quantitative analyses were conducted to evaluate intervention effects, taking into account the extent to which studies have considered sex/gender aspects. To evaluate sex/gender considerations in primary studies, a newly developed sex/gender checklist was used. The study was registered previously (registration number CRD42018109528). Results In total, 97 articles reporting 94 unique studies with 164 outcomes for overall PA were included in the present review. Average sample size was 829 participants, ranging from five to 9839. Participants’ ages ranged from three to 19 years. Our review shows that overall 35% of PA outcomes had significant effects in increasing overall PA of children and adolescents. Not including single sex/gender studies, 105 out of 120 PA outcomes resulted in same intervention effects for boys and girls. The interventions reported to have similar effects on PA outcomes for boys and girls showed higher quality of reporting sex/gender aspects of measurement instruments, participant flow and intervention content and materials than PA outcomes with effects only in boys or only in girls. Overall, consideration of sex/gender aspects in intervention studies is low. Conclusions There is still a need to address sufficient consideration of sex/gender aspects in developing and implementing interventions in the context of PA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolin Schulze
- Institute of Human Movement Science and Health, Chemnitz University of Technology, Thüringer Weg 11, D-09126, Chemnitz, Germany.
| | - Yolanda Demetriou
- Department of Sport and Health Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Sandra Emmerling
- Institute of Human Movement Science and Health, Chemnitz University of Technology, Thüringer Weg 11, D-09126, Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Annegret Schlund
- Department of Sport and Health Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Susan P Phillips
- Centre for Studies in Primary Care, School of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Canada
| | - Lorri Puil
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Stephanie E Coen
- School of Geography, University of Nottingham/UK, Nottingham, UK
| | - Anne K Reimers
- Department of Sport Science and Sport, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
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Gómez SF, Homs C, Wärnberg J, Medrano M, Gonzalez-Gross M, Gusi N, Aznar S, Cascales EM, González-Valeiro M, Serra-Majem L, Terrados N, Tur JA, Segú M, Lassale C, Benavente-Marín JC, Labayen I, Zapico AG, Sánchez-Gómez J, Jiménez-Zazo F, Alcaraz PE, Sevilla-Sanchez M, Herrera-Ramos E, Pulgar S, Bibiloni MDM, Sancho O, Schröder H. Study protocol of a population-based cohort investigating Physical Activity, Sedentarism, lifestyles and Obesity in Spanish youth: the PASOS study. BMJ Open 2020; 10:e036210. [PMID: 32967871 PMCID: PMC7513598 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-036210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Physical activity (PA) is essential to healthy mental and physical development in early life. However, the prevalence of physical inactivity, which is considered a key modifiable driver of childhood obesity, has reached alarming levels among European youth. There is a need to update the data for Spain, in order to establish if current measures are effective or new approaches are needed. METHODS AND ANALYSIS We present the protocol for Physical Activity, Sedentarism, lifestyles and Obesity in Spanish youth (PASOS). This observational, nationally representative, multicentre study aims to determine the PA levels, sedentary behaviours and prevalence of physical inactivity (defined as <60 min of moderate to vigorous PA per day) in a representative sample of Spanish children and adolescents. The PASOS study has recruited a representative random sample of children and adolescents aged 8-16 years from 242 educational centres in the 17 'autonomous regions' into which Spain is divided. The aim is to include a total of 4508 youth participants and their families. Weight, height and waist circumference will be measured by standardised procedures. Adherence to the Mediterranean diet, quality of life, sleep duration, PA and sedentary behaviour are being measured by validated questionnaires. PA is measured by the Physical Activity Unit 7-item Screener. A representative subsample (10% of participants) was randomly selected to wear accelerometers for 9 days to obtain objective data on PA. Parents are asked about their educational level, time spent doing PA, diet quality, self-perceived stress, smoking habit, weight, height, their child's birth weight and if the child was breast fed. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Fundació Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain. Main findings of the study will be disseminated to the scientific community and to general public by media conferences, social media and a website. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER ISRCTN34251612.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santiago Felipe Gómez
- Programs, Gasol Foundation, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- GREpS, Health Education Research Group, Nursing and Physiotherapy Department, University of Lleida, Lleida, Catalunya, Spain
| | - Clara Homs
- Programs, Gasol Foundation, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Global Research on Wellbeing (GRoW), Blanquerna Ramon Llull University Faculty of Health Sciences, Barcelona, Catalunya, Spain
| | - Julia Wärnberg
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Biomedical Research of Malaga (IBIMA), University of Málaga, Malaga, Andalucía, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red-Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria Medrano
- ELIKOS Group, Institute for Innovation and Sustainable Development in Food Chain (IS-FOOD), Public University of Navarre, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
| | - Marcela Gonzalez-Gross
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red-Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain
- ImFINE Research Group, Department of Health and Human Performance, Universidad Politecnica de Madrid, Madrid, Comunidad de Madrid, Spain
| | - Narcis Gusi
- Physical Activity and Quality of Life Research Group (AFYCAV), Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, Caceres, Extremadura, Spain
| | - Susana Aznar
- PAFS Research Group, Faculty of Sports Sciences, University of Castilla-La Mancha-Toledo Campus, Toledo, Castilla-La Mancha, Spain
| | - Elena Marín Cascales
- Research Center for High Performance Sport, San Antonio Catholic University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Miguel González-Valeiro
- Faculty of Sports Sciences and Physical Education, Universidade da Coruña, A Coruna, Galicia, Spain
| | - Lluis Serra-Majem
- Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas, Canary Islands, Spain
- Preventive Medicine Service, Centro Hospitalario Universitario Insular Materno Infantil (CHUIMI), Canarian Health Service, Las Palmas, Spain
| | - Nicolás Terrados
- Regional Unit of Sports Medicine, Municipal Sports Foundation of Avilés, Avilés, Spain
| | - Josep A Tur
- Research Group of Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, University of the Balearic Islands, Palma de Mallorca, Illes Balears, Spain
| | | | - Camille Lassale
- CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain
- Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition Research Group, Hospital del Mar Institute for Medical Research, Barcelona, Catalunya, Spain
| | - Juan Carlos Benavente-Marín
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Biomedical Research of Malaga (IBIMA), University of Málaga, Malaga, Andalucía, Spain
| | - Idoia Labayen
- ELIKOS Group, Institute for Innovation and Sustainable Development in Food Chain (IS-FOOD), Public University of Navarre, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
| | - Augusto García Zapico
- ImFINE Research Group, Department of Health and Human Performance, Universidad Politecnica de Madrid, Madrid, Comunidad de Madrid, Spain
- Department of Didactics of Language, Arts and Physical Education, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Comunidad de Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesús Sánchez-Gómez
- Physical Activity and Quality of Life Research Group (AFYCAV), Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, Caceres, Extremadura, Spain
| | - Fabio Jiménez-Zazo
- PAFS Research Group, Faculty of Sports Sciences, University of Castilla-La Mancha-Toledo Campus, Toledo, Castilla-La Mancha, Spain
| | - Pedro Emilio Alcaraz
- Research Center for High Performance Sport, San Antonio Catholic University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, San Antonio Catholic University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Marta Sevilla-Sanchez
- Faculty of Sports Sciences and Physical Education, Universidade da Coruña, A Coruna, Galicia, Spain
| | - Estefania Herrera-Ramos
- Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas, Canary Islands, Spain
| | - Susana Pulgar
- Regional Unit of Sports Medicine, Municipal Sports Foundation of Avilés, Avilés, Spain
| | - Maria Del Mar Bibiloni
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red-Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain
- Research Group of Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, University of the Balearic Islands, Palma de Mallorca, Illes Balears, Spain
| | | | - Helmut Schröder
- CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain
- Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition Research Group, Hospital del Mar Institute for Medical Research, Barcelona, Catalunya, Spain
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School-Based Exercise Intervention Improves Blood Pressure and Parameters of Arterial Stiffness in Children: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Pediatr Exerc Sci 2020; 33:1-7. [PMID: 32937598 DOI: 10.1123/pes.2020-0053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Revised: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the effectiveness of a school-based exercise intervention on endurance performance (EP), blood pressure (BP), and arterial stiffness in children. METHODS A total of 105 students (mean age = 8.2 [0.6] y; 51% girls; body mass index = 17.8 [3.0] kg/m2) were randomized to the intervention group (IG, n = 51) and control group (CG, n = 54). During a 37-week experimental period, the IG received an exercise intervention (2 × 45 min/wk) in addition to their regular school physical education class (3 × 45 min/wk). EP, peripheral and central BP, pulse pressure, augmentation pressure, augmentation index, and aortic pulse wave velocity were assessed. RESULTS Following the intervention, significant changes (P < .05) in EP, peripheral and central systolic BP, pulse pressure, augmentation pressure, augmentation index, and aortic pulse wave velocity were found in the IG. Children in the CG displayed significant changes in peripheral and central diastolic BP. An analysis of the baseline-to-post changes revealed significant between-group differences in EP (P < .001), pulse pressure (P = .028), augmentation pressure (P = .007), and aortic pulse wave velocity (P = .037) that favored the IG and in peripheral and central diastolic BP that favored the CG. CONCLUSION The school-based exercise intervention had beneficial effects not only on EP but also on different hemodynamic parameters.
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Ng K, Kokko S, Tammelin T, Kallio J, Belton S, O'Brien W, Murphy M, Powell C, Woods C. Clusters of Adolescent Physical Activity Tracker Patterns and Their Associations With Physical Activity Behaviors in Finland and Ireland: Cross-Sectional Study. J Med Internet Res 2020; 22:e18509. [PMID: 32667894 PMCID: PMC7492981 DOI: 10.2196/18509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Revised: 06/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Physical activity trackers (PATs) such as apps and wearable devices (eg, sports watches, heart rate monitors) are increasingly being used by young adolescents. Despite the potential of PATs to help monitor and improve moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) behaviors, there is a lack of research that confirms an association between PAT ownership or use and physical activity behaviors at the population level. Objective The purpose of this study was to examine the ownership and use of PATs in youth and their associations with physical activity behaviors, including daily MVPA, sports club membership, and active travel, in 2 nationally representative samples of young adolescent males and females in Finland and Ireland. Methods Comparable data were gathered in the 2018 Finnish School-aged Physical Activity (F-SPA 2018, n=3311) and the 2018 Irish Children’s Sport Participation and Physical Activity (CSPPA 2018, n=4797) studies. A cluster analysis was performed to obtain the patterns of PAT ownership and usage by adolescents (age, 11-15 years). Four similar clusters were identified across Finnish and Irish adolescents: (1) no PATs, (2) PAT owners, (3) app users, and (4) wearable device users. Adjusted binary logistic regression analyses were used to evaluate how PAT clusters were associated with physical activity behaviors, including daily MVPA, membership of sports clubs, and active travel, after stratification by gender. Results The proportion of app ownership among Finnish adolescents (2038/3311, 61.6%) was almost double that of their Irish counterparts (1738/4797, 36.2%). Despite these differences, the clustering patterns of PATs were similar between the 2 countries. App users were more likely to take part in daily MVPA (males, odds ratio [OR] 1.27, 95% CI 1.04-1.55; females, OR 1.49, 95% CI 1.20-1.85) and be members of sports clubs (males, OR 1.37, 95% CI 1.15-1.62; females, OR 1.25, 95% CI 1.07-1.50) compared to the no PATs cluster, after adjusting for country, age, family affluence, and disabilities. These associations, after the same adjustments, were even stronger for wearable device users to participate in daily MVPA (males, OR 1.83, 95% CI 1.49-2.23; females, OR 2.25, 95% CI 1.80-2.82) and be members of sports clubs (males, OR 1.88, 95% CI 1.55-2.88; females, OR 2.07, 95% CI 1.71-2.52). Significant associations were observed between male users of wearable devices and taking part in active travel behavior (OR 1.39, 95% CI 1.04-1.86). Conclusions Although Finnish adolescents report more ownership of PATs than Irish adolescents, the patterns of use and ownership remain similar among the cohorts. The findings of our study show that physical activity behaviors were positively associated with wearable device users and app users. These findings were similar between males and females. Given the cross-sectional nature of this data, the relationship between using apps or wearable devices and enhancing physical activity behaviors requires further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwok Ng
- School of Educational Sciences and Psychology, University of Eastern Finland, Joensuu, Finland.,Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland.,Physical Activity for Health Cluster, Health Research Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Sami Kokko
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyvaskyla, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Tuija Tammelin
- LIKES Research Centre for Physical Activity and Health, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Jouni Kallio
- LIKES Research Centre for Physical Activity and Health, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Sarahjane Belton
- School of Health and Human Performance, Faculty of Science and Health, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Wesley O'Brien
- School of Education, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Marie Murphy
- School of Sport, Ulster University, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Cormac Powell
- Physical Activity for Health Cluster, Health Research Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland.,Performance Department, Swim Ireland, Irish Sport HQ, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Catherine Woods
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland.,Physical Activity for Health Cluster, Health Research Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
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Promoting Healthy Lifestyle through Basic Psychological Needs in Inactive Adolescents: A Protocol Study from Self-Determination Approach. SUSTAINABILITY 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/su12155893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Prevalence of overweight and obesity is an important health problem worldwide. It was shown that physical activity and sedentary behaviour are associated with prevalence of overweight and obesity in youth individuals. However, few children and adolescents meet the World Health Organization recommendations about physical activity levels. The need to start promoting regular physical activity from an early age is crucial to avoid these problems. Therefore, the aim of the current research is to show a school-based motivational program for the promotion of healthy lifestyle in inactive adolescents grounded on Self-Determination Theory aimed at promoting physical activity adherence. The study is a quasi-experimental study (ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT03974607) aimed for adolescents from the 1st and 2nd high school level aged between 12 and 14 years old. The program will be based on the promotion of the three basics psychological needs: autonomy, competence and relatedness. The satisfaction of these needs is essential to fulfill the self-determined motivation and psychological well-being. The length of the sessions are 60 min, 3 times per week, during 5 months. The sessions will be based on the participants’ interests. Finally, this protocol will intend to change the perception of physical activity programs in order to focus the strategies on the motivational aspects, rather than physical activity itself as was usually conducted by previous programs
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Törrönen J, Samuelsson E, Roumeliotis F, Room R, Kraus L. 'Social health', 'physical health', and well-being: Analysing with bourdieusian concepts the interplay between the practices of heavy drinking and exercise among young people. THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DRUG POLICY 2020; 91:102825. [PMID: 32593513 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugpo.2020.102825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Revised: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The article examines the interplay between the practices of heavy drinking and exercise among young people. The comparison helps to clarify why young people are currently drinking less than earlier and how the health-related discourses and activities are modifying young people's heavy drinking practices. METHODS The data is based on interviews (n = 56) in Sweden among 15-17-year-olds and 18-19-year-olds. By drawing on Pierre Bourdieu's concepts of habitus, field, and capital, we examine what kinds of resources young people accumulate in the fields of heavy drinking and exercise, how these resources carry symbolic value for distinction, and what kind of health-related habitus they imply. RESULTS The analysis shows that young people's practices in the social spaces of intoxication and exercise are patterned around the 'social health' and 'physical health' approaches and shaped by gendered binaries of masculine dominance. The 'physical health' approach values capable, high-performative, and attractive bodies, whereas the 'social health' approach is oriented towards accumulating social capital. The analysis demonstrates that these approaches affect the interviewees' everyday life practices so that the 'physical health' approach has more power over the 'social health' approach in transforming them. CONCLUSION As the 'physical health' approach appears to modify young people's practices of drinking to be less oriented to intoxication or away from drinking, this may partly explain why young people are drinking less today than earlier. Compared to drinking, the physical health-related social spaces also seem to provide more powerful arenas within which to bolster one's masculine and feminine habitus. This further suggests that intoxication may have lost its symbolic power among young people as a cool activity signalling autonomy, maturity, and transgression of norms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jukka Törrönen
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Centre for Social Research on Alcohol and Drugs, Stockholm University, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Eva Samuelsson
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Centre for Social Research on Alcohol and Drugs, Stockholm University, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Social Work, Stockholm University, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Filip Roumeliotis
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Centre for Social Research on Alcohol and Drugs, Stockholm University, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Criminology, Stockholm University, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Robin Room
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Centre for Social Research on Alcohol and Drugs, Stockholm University, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden; Centre for Alcohol Policy Research, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3086 Australia
| | - Ludwig Kraus
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Centre for Social Research on Alcohol and Drugs, Stockholm University, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden; IFT Institut für Therapieforschung, Leopoldstraße 175, 80804 München, Germany; Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, 1075 Budapest, Kazinczy utca 23-27, Hungary
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