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Dong W, Liu S, Li S, Wang Z. Cell reprogramming therapy for Parkinson's disease. Neural Regen Res 2024; 19:2444-2455. [PMID: 38526281 PMCID: PMC11090434 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.390965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease is typically characterized by the progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta. Many studies have been performed based on the supplementation of lost dopaminergic neurons to treat Parkinson's disease. The initial strategy for cell replacement therapy used human fetal ventral midbrain and human embryonic stem cells to treat Parkinson's disease, which could substantially alleviate the symptoms of Parkinson's disease in clinical practice. However, ethical issues and tumor formation were limitations of its clinical application. Induced pluripotent stem cells can be acquired without sacrificing human embryos, which eliminates the huge ethical barriers of human stem cell therapy. Another widely considered neuronal regeneration strategy is to directly reprogram fibroblasts and astrocytes into neurons, without the need for intermediate proliferation states, thus avoiding issues of immune rejection and tumor formation. Both induced pluripotent stem cells and direct reprogramming of lineage cells have shown promising results in the treatment of Parkinson's disease. However, there are also ethical concerns and the risk of tumor formation that need to be addressed. This review highlights the current application status of cell reprogramming in the treatment of Parkinson's disease, focusing on the use of induced pluripotent stem cells in cell replacement therapy, including preclinical animal models and progress in clinical research. The review also discusses the advancements in direct reprogramming of lineage cells in the treatment of Parkinson's disease, as well as the controversy surrounding in vivo reprogramming. These findings suggest that cell reprogramming may hold great promise as a potential strategy for treating Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Institute of Primate Translational Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Shuyi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Institute of Primate Translational Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Shangang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Institute of Primate Translational Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Zhengbo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Institute of Primate Translational Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
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2
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Buoso C, Seifert M, Lang M, Griffith CM, Talavera Andújar B, Castelo Rueda MP, Fischer C, Doerrier C, Talasz H, Zanon A, Pramstaller PP, Schymanski EL, Pichler I, Weiss G. Dopamine‑iron homeostasis interaction rescues mitochondrial fitness in Parkinson's disease. Neurobiol Dis 2024; 196:106506. [PMID: 38648865 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2024.106506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Imbalances of iron and dopamine metabolism along with mitochondrial dysfunction have been linked to the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD). We have previously suggested a direct link between iron homeostasis and dopamine metabolism, as dopamine can increase cellular uptake of iron into macrophages thereby promoting oxidative stress responses. In this study, we investigated the interplay between iron, dopamine, and mitochondrial activity in neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells and human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)-derived dopaminergic neurons differentiated from a healthy control and a PD patient with a mutation in the α-synuclein (SNCA) gene. In SH-SY5Y cells, dopamine treatment resulted in increased expression of the transmembrane iron transporters transferrin receptor 1 (TFR1), ferroportin (FPN), and mitoferrin2 (MFRN2) and intracellular iron accumulation, suggesting that dopamine may promote iron uptake. Furthermore, dopamine supplementation led to reduced mitochondrial fitness including decreased mitochondrial respiration, increased cytochrome c control efficiency, reduced mtDNA copy number and citrate synthase activity, increased oxidative stress and impaired aconitase activity. In dopaminergic neurons derived from a healthy control individual, dopamine showed comparable effects as observed in SH-SY5Y cells. The hiPSC-derived PD neurons harboring an endogenous SNCA mutation demonstrated altered mitochondrial iron homeostasis, reduced mitochondrial capacity along with increased oxidative stress and alterations of tricarboxylic acid cycle linked metabolic pathways compared with control neurons. Importantly, dopamine treatment of PD neurons promoted a rescue effect by increasing mitochondrial respiration, activating antioxidant stress response, and normalizing altered metabolite levels linked to mitochondrial function. These observations provide evidence that dopamine affects iron homeostasis, intracellular stress responses and mitochondrial function in healthy cells, while dopamine supplementation can restore the disturbed regulatory network in PD cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Buoso
- Institute for Biomedicine, Eurac Research, 39100 Bolzano, Italy; Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Markus Seifert
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; Christian Doppler Laboratory for Iron Metabolism and Anemia Research, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Martin Lang
- Institute for Biomedicine, Eurac Research, 39100 Bolzano, Italy
| | - Corey M Griffith
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, 4362 Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Begoña Talavera Andújar
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, 4362 Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | | | - Christine Fischer
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | | | - Heribert Talasz
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry, Protein Core Facility, Biocenter Innsbruck, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | | | | | - Emma L Schymanski
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, 4362 Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Irene Pichler
- Institute for Biomedicine, Eurac Research, 39100 Bolzano, Italy.
| | - Guenter Weiss
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; Christian Doppler Laboratory for Iron Metabolism and Anemia Research, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
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3
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Holfeld A, Schuster D, Sesterhenn F, Gillingham AK, Stalder P, Haenseler W, Barrio-Hernandez I, Ghosh D, Vowles J, Cowley SA, Nagel L, Khanppnavar B, Serdiuk T, Beltrao P, Korkhov VM, Munro S, Riek R, de Souza N, Picotti P. Systematic identification of structure-specific protein-protein interactions. Mol Syst Biol 2024; 20:651-675. [PMID: 38702390 PMCID: PMC11148107 DOI: 10.1038/s44320-024-00037-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024] Open
Abstract
The physical interactome of a protein can be altered upon perturbation, modulating cell physiology and contributing to disease. Identifying interactome differences of normal and disease states of proteins could help understand disease mechanisms, but current methods do not pinpoint structure-specific PPIs and interaction interfaces proteome-wide. We used limited proteolysis-mass spectrometry (LiP-MS) to screen for structure-specific PPIs by probing for protease susceptibility changes of proteins in cellular extracts upon treatment with specific structural states of a protein. We first demonstrated that LiP-MS detects well-characterized PPIs, including antibody-target protein interactions and interactions with membrane proteins, and that it pinpoints interfaces, including epitopes. We then applied the approach to study conformation-specific interactors of the Parkinson's disease hallmark protein alpha-synuclein (aSyn). We identified known interactors of aSyn monomer and amyloid fibrils and provide a resource of novel putative conformation-specific aSyn interactors for validation in further studies. We also used our approach on GDP- and GTP-bound forms of two Rab GTPases, showing detection of differential candidate interactors of conformationally similar proteins. This approach is applicable to screen for structure-specific interactomes of any protein, including posttranslationally modified and unmodified, or metabolite-bound and unbound protein states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleš Holfeld
- Institute of Molecular Systems Biology, Department of Biology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Dina Schuster
- Institute of Molecular Systems Biology, Department of Biology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, Department of Biology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Laboratory of Biomolecular Research, Division of Biology and Chemistry, Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Fabian Sesterhenn
- Institute of Molecular Systems Biology, Department of Biology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Patrick Stalder
- Institute of Molecular Systems Biology, Department of Biology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Walther Haenseler
- Institute of Molecular Systems Biology, Department of Biology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- University Research Priority Program AdaBD (Adaptive Brain Circuits in Development and Learning), University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Inigo Barrio-Hernandez
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
- Open Targets, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | - Dhiman Ghosh
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jane Vowles
- James and Lillian Martin Centre for Stem Cell Research, Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Sally A Cowley
- James and Lillian Martin Centre for Stem Cell Research, Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Luise Nagel
- Cluster of Excellence Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Basavraj Khanppnavar
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, Department of Biology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Laboratory of Biomolecular Research, Division of Biology and Chemistry, Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Tetiana Serdiuk
- Institute of Molecular Systems Biology, Department of Biology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Pedro Beltrao
- Institute of Molecular Systems Biology, Department of Biology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Volodymyr M Korkhov
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, Department of Biology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Laboratory of Biomolecular Research, Division of Biology and Chemistry, Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Sean Munro
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, UK
| | - Roland Riek
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Natalie de Souza
- Institute of Molecular Systems Biology, Department of Biology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Quantitative Biomedicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Paola Picotti
- Institute of Molecular Systems Biology, Department of Biology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
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Ropert B, Gallrein C, Schumacher B. DNA repair deficiencies and neurodegeneration. DNA Repair (Amst) 2024; 138:103679. [PMID: 38640601 DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2024.103679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases are the second most prevalent cause of death in industrialized countries. Alzheimer's Disease is the most widespread and also most acknowledged form of dementia today. Together with Parkinson's Disease they account for over 90 % cases of neurodegenerative disorders caused by proteopathies. Far less known are the neurodegenerative pathologies in DNA repair deficiency syndromes. Such diseases like Cockayne - or Werner Syndrome are described as progeroid syndromes - diseases that cause the premature ageing of the affected persons, and there are clear implications of such diseases in neurologic dysfunction and degeneration. In this review, we aim to draw the attention on commonalities between proteopathy-associated neurodegeneration and neurodegeneration caused by DNA repair defects and discuss how mitochondria are implicated in the development of both disorder classes. Furthermore, we highlight how nematodes are a valuable and indispensable model organism to study conserved neurodegenerative processes in a fast-forward manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baptiste Ropert
- Institute for Genome Stability in Aging and Disease, Medical Faculty, University and University Hospital of Cologne, Joseph-Stelzmann-Str. 26, Cologne 50931, Germany; Cologne Excellence Cluster for Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Joseph-Stelzmann-Str. 26, Cologne 50931, Germany
| | - Christian Gallrein
- Institute for Genome Stability in Aging and Disease, Medical Faculty, University and University Hospital of Cologne, Joseph-Stelzmann-Str. 26, Cologne 50931, Germany; Cologne Excellence Cluster for Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Joseph-Stelzmann-Str. 26, Cologne 50931, Germany; Leibniz Institute on Aging - Fritz Lipmann Institute (FLI), Beutenbergstraße 11, Jena 07745, Germany
| | - Björn Schumacher
- Institute for Genome Stability in Aging and Disease, Medical Faculty, University and University Hospital of Cologne, Joseph-Stelzmann-Str. 26, Cologne 50931, Germany; Cologne Excellence Cluster for Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Joseph-Stelzmann-Str. 26, Cologne 50931, Germany.
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Zong Y, Li H, Liao P, Chen L, Pan Y, Zheng Y, Zhang C, Liu D, Zheng M, Gao J. Mitochondrial dysfunction: mechanisms and advances in therapy. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2024; 9:124. [PMID: 38744846 PMCID: PMC11094169 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-024-01839-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria, with their intricate networks of functions and information processing, are pivotal in both health regulation and disease progression. Particularly, mitochondrial dysfunctions are identified in many common pathologies, including cardiovascular diseases, neurodegeneration, metabolic syndrome, and cancer. However, the multifaceted nature and elusive phenotypic threshold of mitochondrial dysfunction complicate our understanding of their contributions to diseases. Nonetheless, these complexities do not prevent mitochondria from being among the most important therapeutic targets. In recent years, strategies targeting mitochondrial dysfunction have continuously emerged and transitioned to clinical trials. Advanced intervention such as using healthy mitochondria to replenish or replace damaged mitochondria, has shown promise in preclinical trials of various diseases. Mitochondrial components, including mtDNA, mitochondria-located microRNA, and associated proteins can be potential therapeutic agents to augment mitochondrial function in immunometabolic diseases and tissue injuries. Here, we review current knowledge of mitochondrial pathophysiology in concrete examples of common diseases. We also summarize current strategies to treat mitochondrial dysfunction from the perspective of dietary supplements and targeted therapies, as well as the clinical translational situation of related pharmacology agents. Finally, this review discusses the innovations and potential applications of mitochondrial transplantation as an advanced and promising treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Zong
- Centre for Orthopaedic Research, Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Hao Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200233, China
- Institute of Microsurgery on Extremities, and Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Peng Liao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200233, China
- Institute of Microsurgery on Extremities, and Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Long Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Yao Pan
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Yongqiang Zheng
- Sixth People's Hospital Fujian, No. 16, Luoshan Section, Jinguang Road, Luoshan Street, Jinjiang City, Quanzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Changqing Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Delin Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200233, China.
- Institute of Microsurgery on Extremities, and Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200233, China.
| | - Minghao Zheng
- Centre for Orthopaedic Research, Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, 6009, Australia.
| | - Junjie Gao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200233, China.
- Institute of Microsurgery on Extremities, and Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200233, China.
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6
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Kim JB, Kim SJ, So M, Kim DK, Noh HR, Kim BJ, Choi YR, Kim D, Koo H, Kim T, Woo HG, Park SM. Artificial intelligence-driven drug repositioning uncovers efavirenz as a modulator of α-synuclein propagation: Implications in Parkinson's disease. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 174:116442. [PMID: 38513596 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a complex neurodegenerative disorder with an unclear etiology. Despite significant research efforts, developing disease-modifying treatments for PD remains a major unmet medical need. Notably, drug repositioning is becoming an increasingly attractive direction in drug discovery, and computational approaches offer a relatively quick and resource-saving method for identifying testable hypotheses that promote drug repositioning. We used an artificial intelligence (AI)-based drug repositioning strategy to screen an extensive compound library and identify potential therapeutic agents for PD. Our AI-driven analysis revealed that efavirenz and nevirapine, approved for treating human immunodeficiency virus infection, had distinct profiles, suggesting their potential effects on PD pathophysiology. Among these, efavirenz attenuated α-synuclein (α-syn) propagation and associated neuroinflammation in the brain of preformed α-syn fibrils-injected A53T α-syn Tg mice and α-syn propagation and associated behavioral changes in the C. elegans BiFC model. Through in-depth molecular investigations, we found that efavirenz can modulate cholesterol metabolism and mitigate α-syn propagation, a key pathological feature implicated in PD progression by regulating CYP46A1. This study opens new avenues for further investigation into the mechanisms underlying PD pathology and the exploration of additional drug candidates using advanced computational methodologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Bong Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea; Center for Convergence Research of Neurological Disorders, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea; Neuroscience Graduate Program, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Soo-Jeong Kim
- Center for Convergence Research of Neurological Disorders, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | | | - Dong-Kyu Kim
- Center for Convergence Research of Neurological Disorders, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Hye Rin Noh
- Department of Pharmacology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea; Center for Convergence Research of Neurological Disorders, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea; Neuroscience Graduate Program, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Beom Jin Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea; Center for Convergence Research of Neurological Disorders, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea; Neuroscience Graduate Program, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Yu Ree Choi
- Center for Convergence Research of Neurological Disorders, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Doyoon Kim
- Center for Convergence Research of Neurological Disorders, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea; Department of Physiology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | | | | | - Hyun Goo Woo
- Center for Convergence Research of Neurological Disorders, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea; Department of Physiology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Sang Myun Park
- Department of Pharmacology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea; Center for Convergence Research of Neurological Disorders, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea; Neuroscience Graduate Program, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea.
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7
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Bradford X, Fernandes HJR, Snowden SG. Changes in Oxidised Phospholipids in Response to Oxidative Stress in Microtubule-Associated Protein Tau ( MAPT) Mutant Dopamine Neurons. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:508. [PMID: 38790613 PMCID: PMC11118013 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13050508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Microtubule-associated protein Tau (MAPT) is strongly associated with the development of neurodegenerative diseases. In addition to driving the formation of neurofibrillary tangles (NFT), mutations in the MAPT gene can also cause oxidative stress through hyperpolarisation of the mitochondria. This study explores the impact that MAPT mutation is having on phospholipid metabolism in iPSC-derived dopamine neurons, and to determine if these effects are exacerbated by mitochondrial and endoplasmic reticulum stress. Neurons that possessed a mutated copy of MAPT were shown to have significantly higher levels of oxo-phospholipids (Oxo-PL) than wild-type neurons. Oxidation of the hydrophobic fatty acid side chains changes the chemistry of the phospholipid leading to disruption of membrane function and potential cell lysis. In wild-type neurons, both mitochondrial and endoplasmic reticulum stress increased Oxo-PL abundance; however, in MAPT mutant neurons mitochondrial stress appeared to have a minimal effect. Endoplasmic reticulum stress, surprisingly, reduced the abundance of Oxo-PL in MAPT mutant dopamine neurons, and we postulate that this reduction could be modulated through hyperactivation of the unfolded protein response and X-box binding protein 1. Overall, the results of this study contribute to furthering our understanding of the regulation and impact of oxidative stress in Parkinson's disease pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xanthe Bradford
- Department of Biological Sciences, Royal Holloway University of London, London TW20 0EX, UK;
| | - Hugo J. R. Fernandes
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, UK Dementia Research Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0AH, UK;
- Kavli Institute for Nanoscience Discovery, University of Oxford, Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin Building, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QX, UK
| | - Stuart G. Snowden
- Department of Biological Sciences, Royal Holloway University of London, London TW20 0EX, UK;
- Core Metabolomics and Lipidomics Laboratory, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Level 4 Pathology, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
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8
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Franks SN, Heon-Roberts R, Ryan BJ. CRISPRi: a way to integrate iPSC-derived neuronal models. Biochem Soc Trans 2024; 52:539-551. [PMID: 38526223 PMCID: PMC11088925 DOI: 10.1042/bst20230190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
The genetic landscape of neurodegenerative diseases encompasses genes affecting multiple cellular pathways which exert effects in an array of neuronal and glial cell-types. Deconvolution of the roles of genes implicated in disease and the effects of disease-associated variants remains a vital step in the understanding of neurodegeneration and the development of therapeutics. Disease modelling using patient induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) has enabled the generation of key cell-types associated with disease whilst maintaining the genomic variants that predispose to neurodegeneration. The use of CRISPR interference (CRISPRi), alongside other CRISPR-perturbations, allows the modelling of the effects of these disease-associated variants or identifying genes which modify disease phenotypes. This review summarises the current applications of CRISPRi in iPSC-derived neuronal models, such as fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS)-based screens, and discusses the future opportunities for disease modelling, identification of disease risk modifiers and target/drug discovery in neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah N.J. Franks
- Oxford Parkinson's Disease Centre and Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK
- Kavli Institute for Nanoscience Discovery, Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin Building, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK
| | - Rachel Heon-Roberts
- Oxford Parkinson's Disease Centre and Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK
- Kavli Institute for Nanoscience Discovery, Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin Building, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK
| | - Brent J. Ryan
- Oxford Parkinson's Disease Centre and Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK
- Kavli Institute for Nanoscience Discovery, Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin Building, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK
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9
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Li S, Liu Y, Lu S, Xu J, Liu X, Yang D, Yang Y, Hou L, Li N. A crazy trio in Parkinson's disease: metabolism alteration, α-synuclein aggregation, and oxidative stress. Mol Cell Biochem 2024:10.1007/s11010-024-04985-3. [PMID: 38625515 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-024-04985-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is an aging-associated neurodegenerative disorder, characterized by the progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons in the pars compacta of the substantia nigra and the presence of Lewy bodies containing α-synuclein within these neurons. Oligomeric α-synuclein exerts neurotoxic effects through mitochondrial dysfunction, glial cell inflammatory response, lysosomal dysfunction and so on. α-synuclein aggregation, often accompanied by oxidative stress, is generally considered to be a key factor in PD pathology. At present, emerging evidences suggest that metabolism alteration is closely associated with α-synuclein aggregation and PD progression, and improvement of key molecules in metabolism might be potentially beneficial in PD treatment. In this review, we highlight the tripartite relationship among metabolic changes, α-synuclein aggregation, and oxidative stress in PD, and offer updated insights into the treatments of PD, aiming to deepen our understanding of PD pathogenesis and explore new therapeutic strategies for the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Li
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yanbing Liu
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Sen Lu
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jiayi Xu
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiaokun Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Di Yang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Yuxuan Yang
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Lin Hou
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Ning Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China.
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10
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Kinnart I, Manders L, Heyninck T, Imberechts D, Praschberger R, Schoovaerts N, Verfaillie C, Verstreken P, Vandenberghe W. Elevated α-synuclein levels inhibit mitophagic flux. NPJ Parkinsons Dis 2024; 10:80. [PMID: 38594264 PMCID: PMC11004019 DOI: 10.1038/s41531-024-00696-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
The pathogenic effect of SNCA gene multiplications indicates that elevation of wild-type α-synuclein levels is sufficient to cause Parkinson's disease (PD). Mitochondria have been proposed to be a major target of α-synuclein-induced damage. PINK1/parkin/DJ-1-mediated mitophagy is a defense strategy that allows cells to selectively eliminate severely damaged mitochondria. Here, we quantified mitophagic flux and non-mitochondrial autophagic flux in three models of increased α-synuclein expression: 1/Drosophila melanogaster that transgenically express human wild-type and mutant α-synuclein in flight muscle; 2/human skin fibroblasts transfected with α-synuclein or β-synuclein; and 3/human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived neurons carrying an extra copy of wild-type SNCA under control of a doxycycline-inducible promoter, allowing titratable α-synuclein upregulation. In each model, elevated α-synuclein levels potently suppressed mitophagic flux, while non-mitochondrial autophagy was preserved. In human neurons, a twofold increase in wild-type α-synuclein was already sufficient to induce this effect. PINK1 and parkin activation and mitochondrial translocation of DJ-1 after mitochondrial depolarization were not affected by α-synuclein upregulation. Overexpression of the actin-severing protein cofilin or treatment with CK666, an inhibitor of the actin-related protein 2/3 (Arp2/3) complex, rescued mitophagy in neurons with increased α-synuclein, suggesting that excessive actin network stabilization mediated the mitophagy defect. In conclusion, elevated α-synuclein levels inhibit mitophagic flux. Disruption of actin dynamics may play a key role in this effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inge Kinnart
- Department of Neurosciences, Laboratory for Parkinson Research, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Liselot Manders
- Department of Neurosciences, Laboratory for Parkinson Research, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Thibaut Heyninck
- Department of Neurosciences, Laboratory for Parkinson Research, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Dorien Imberechts
- Department of Neurosciences, Laboratory for Parkinson Research, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Roman Praschberger
- Department of Neurosciences, Laboratory for Neuronal Communication, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain & Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Nils Schoovaerts
- Department of Neurosciences, Laboratory for Neuronal Communication, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain & Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Patrik Verstreken
- Department of Neurosciences, Laboratory for Neuronal Communication, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain & Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Wim Vandenberghe
- Department of Neurosciences, Laboratory for Parkinson Research, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
- Department of Neurology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
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11
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Barnhoorn S, Milanese C, Li T, Dons L, Ghazvini M, Sette M, Farina S, Sproviero D, Payan-Gomez C, Mastroberardino PG. Orthogonal analysis of mitochondrial function in Parkinson's disease patients. Cell Death Dis 2024; 15:243. [PMID: 38570521 PMCID: PMC10991487 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-024-06617-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
The etiopathology of Parkinson's disease has been associated with mitochondrial defects at genetic, laboratory, epidemiological, and clinical levels. These converging lines of evidence suggest that mitochondrial defects are systemic and causative factors in the pathophysiology of PD, rather than being mere correlates. Understanding mitochondrial biology in PD at a granular level is therefore crucial from both basic science and translational perspectives. In a recent study, we investigated mitochondrial alterations in fibroblasts obtained from PD patients assessing mitochondrial function in relation to clinical measures. Our findings demonstrated that the magnitude of mitochondrial alterations parallels disease severity. In this study, we extend these investigations to blood cells and dopamine neurons derived from induced pluripotent stem cells reprogrammed from PD patients. To overcome the inherent metabolic heterogeneity of blood cells, we focused our analyses on metabolically homogeneous, accessible, and expandable erythroblasts. Our results confirm the presence of mitochondrial anomalies in erythroblasts and induced dopamine neurons. Consistent with our previous findings in fibroblasts, we observed that mitochondrial alterations are reversible, as evidenced by enhanced mitochondrial respiration when PD erythroblasts were cultured in a galactose medium that restricts glycolysis. This observation indicates that suppression of mitochondrial respiration may constitute a protective, adaptive response in PD pathogenesis. Notably, this effect was not observed in induced dopamine neurons, suggesting their distinct bioenergetic behavior. In summary, we provide additional evidence for the involvement of mitochondria in the disease process by demonstrating mitochondrial abnormalities in additional cell types relevant to PD. These findings contribute to our understanding of PD pathophysiology and may have implications for the development of novel biomarkers and therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sander Barnhoorn
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Chiara Milanese
- IFOM-ETS, the AIRC Institute for molecular Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Tracy Li
- Erasmus MC iPS Facility, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Lieke Dons
- Erasmus MC iPS Facility, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | | | | | - Stefania Farina
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Daisy Sproviero
- IFOM-ETS, the AIRC Institute for molecular Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Pier G Mastroberardino
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands.
- IFOM-ETS, the AIRC Institute for molecular Oncology, Milan, Italy.
- Università degli Studi dell'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy.
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12
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Brooker SM, Naylor GE, Krainc D. Cell biology of Parkinson's disease: Mechanisms of synaptic, lysosomal, and mitochondrial dysfunction. Curr Opin Neurobiol 2024; 85:102841. [PMID: 38306948 DOI: 10.1016/j.conb.2024.102841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a growing cause of disability worldwide and there is a critical need for the development of disease-modifying therapies to slow or stop disease progression. Recent advances in characterizing the genetics of PD have expanded our understanding of the cell biology of this disorder. Mitochondrial oxidative stress, defects in synaptic function, and impaired lysosomal activity have been shown to be linked in PD, resulting in a pathogenic feedback cycle involving the accumulation of toxic oxidized dopamine and alpha-synuclein. In this review, we will highlight recent data on a subset of PD-linked genes which have key roles in these pathways and the pathogenic cycle. We will furthermore discuss findings highlighting the importance of dynamic mitochondria-lysosome contact sites that mediate direct inter-organelle cross-talk in the pathogenesis of PD and related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah M Brooker
- Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA. https://twitter.com/BrookerSarahM
| | - Grace E Naylor
- Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA. https://twitter.com/GENaylor
| | - Dimitri Krainc
- Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
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13
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Amartumur S, Nguyen H, Huynh T, Kim TS, Woo RS, Oh E, Kim KK, Lee LP, Heo C. Neuropathogenesis-on-chips for neurodegenerative diseases. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2219. [PMID: 38472255 PMCID: PMC10933492 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46554-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Developing diagnostics and treatments for neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) is challenging due to multifactorial pathogenesis that progresses gradually. Advanced in vitro systems that recapitulate patient-like pathophysiology are emerging as alternatives to conventional animal-based models. In this review, we explore the interconnected pathogenic features of different types of ND, discuss the general strategy to modelling NDs using a microfluidic chip, and introduce the organoid-on-a-chip as the next advanced relevant model. Lastly, we overview how these models are being applied in academic and industrial drug development. The integration of microfluidic chips, stem cells, and biotechnological devices promises to provide valuable insights for biomedical research and developing diagnostic and therapeutic solutions for NDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarnai Amartumur
- Department of Biophysics, Institute of Quantum Biophysics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Korea
| | - Huong Nguyen
- Department of Biophysics, Institute of Quantum Biophysics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Korea
| | - Thuy Huynh
- Department of Biophysics, Institute of Quantum Biophysics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Korea
| | - Testaverde S Kim
- Center for Integrated Nanostructure Physics (CINAP), Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Suwon, 16419, Korea
| | - Ran-Sook Woo
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, College of Medicine, Eulji University, Daejeon, 34824, Korea
| | - Eungseok Oh
- Department of Neurology, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, 35015, Korea
| | - Kyeong Kyu Kim
- Department of Precision Medicine, Graduate School of Basic Medical Science (GSBMS), Institute for Anti-microbial Resistance Research and Therapeutics, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, 16419, Korea
| | - Luke P Lee
- Department of Biophysics, Institute of Quantum Biophysics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Korea.
- Harvard Medical School, Division of Engineering in Medicine and Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
- Department of Bioengineering, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA.
| | - Chaejeong Heo
- Department of Biophysics, Institute of Quantum Biophysics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Korea.
- Center for Integrated Nanostructure Physics (CINAP), Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Suwon, 16419, Korea.
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14
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Suzuki H, Egawa N, Imamura K, Kondo T, Enami T, Tsukita K, Suga M, Yada Y, Shibukawa R, Takahashi R, Inoue H. Mutant α-synuclein causes death of human cortical neurons via ERK1/2 and JNK activation. Mol Brain 2024; 17:14. [PMID: 38444039 PMCID: PMC10916047 DOI: 10.1186/s13041-024-01086-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Synucleinopathies refer to a group of disorders characterized by SNCA/α-synuclein (α-Syn)-containing cytoplasmic inclusions and neuronal cell loss in the nervous system including the cortex, a common feature being cognitive impairment. Still, the molecular pathogenesis of cognitive decline remains poorly understood, hampering the development of effective treatments. Here, we generated induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) derived from familial Parkinson's disease (PD) patients carrying SNCA A53T mutation, differentiating them into cortical neurons by a direct conversion method. Patient iPSCs-derived cortical neurons harboring mutant α-Syn exhibited increased α-Syn-positive aggregates, shorter neurites, and time-dependent vulnerability. Furthermore, RNA-sequencing analysis, followed by biochemical validation, identified the activation of the ERK1/2 and JNK cascades in cortical neurons with SNCA A53T mutation. This result was consistent with a reverted phenotype of neuronal death in cortical neurons when treated with ERK1/2 and JNK inhibitors, respectively. Our findings emphasize the role of ERK1/2 and JNK cascades in the vulnerability of cortical neurons in synucleinopathies, and they could pave the way toward therapeutic advancements for synucleinopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hidefumi Suzuki
- Department of Neurology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
- iPSC-Based Drug Discovery and Development Team, RIKEN BioResource Research Center (BRC), Kyoto, Japan
- Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Naohiro Egawa
- Department of Neurology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
- iPSC-Based Drug Discovery and Development Team, RIKEN BioResource Research Center (BRC), Kyoto, Japan
- Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Keiko Imamura
- iPSC-Based Drug Discovery and Development Team, RIKEN BioResource Research Center (BRC), Kyoto, Japan
- Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- Medical-Risk Avoidance Based on iPS Cells Team, RIKEN Center for Advanced Intelligence Project (AIP), Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takayuki Kondo
- iPSC-Based Drug Discovery and Development Team, RIKEN BioResource Research Center (BRC), Kyoto, Japan
- Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- Medical-Risk Avoidance Based on iPS Cells Team, RIKEN Center for Advanced Intelligence Project (AIP), Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takako Enami
- Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- Medical-Risk Avoidance Based on iPS Cells Team, RIKEN Center for Advanced Intelligence Project (AIP), Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kayoko Tsukita
- iPSC-Based Drug Discovery and Development Team, RIKEN BioResource Research Center (BRC), Kyoto, Japan
- Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Mika Suga
- iPSC-Based Drug Discovery and Development Team, RIKEN BioResource Research Center (BRC), Kyoto, Japan
- Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Yada
- iPSC-Based Drug Discovery and Development Team, RIKEN BioResource Research Center (BRC), Kyoto, Japan
- Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Ran Shibukawa
- iPSC-Based Drug Discovery and Development Team, RIKEN BioResource Research Center (BRC), Kyoto, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Takahashi
- Department of Neurology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.
| | - Haruhisa Inoue
- iPSC-Based Drug Discovery and Development Team, RIKEN BioResource Research Center (BRC), Kyoto, Japan.
- Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
- Medical-Risk Avoidance Based on iPS Cells Team, RIKEN Center for Advanced Intelligence Project (AIP), Kyoto, Japan.
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15
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Hertz E, Perez G, Hao Y, Rytel K, Ma C, Kirby M, Anderson S, Wincovitch S, Andersh K, Ahfeldt T, Blanchard J, Qi YA, Lopez G, Tayebi N, Sidransky E, Chen Y. Comparative study of enriched dopaminergic neurons from siblings with Gaucher disease discordant for parkinsonism. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.02.25.581985. [PMID: 38529501 PMCID: PMC10962709 DOI: 10.1101/2024.02.25.581985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
Inducible pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) derived from patient samples have significantly enhanced our ability to model neurological diseases. Comparative studies of dopaminergic (DA) neurons differentiated from iPSCs derived from siblings with Gaucher disease discordant for parkinsonism provides a valuable avenue to explore genetic modifiers contributing to GBA1 -associated parkinsonism in disease-relevant cells. However, such studies are often complicated by the inherent heterogeneity in differentiation efficiency among iPSC lines derived from different individuals. To address this technical challenge, we devised a selection strategy to enrich dopaminergic (DA) neurons expressing tyrosine hydroxylase (TH). A neomycin resistance gene (neo) was inserted at the C-terminus of the TH gene following a T2A self-cleavage peptide, placing its expression under the control of the TH promoter. This allows for TH+ DA neuron enrichment through geneticin selection. This method enabled us to generate comparable, high-purity DA neuron cultures from iPSC lines derived from three sisters that we followed for over a decade: one sibling is a healthy individual, and the other two have Gaucher disease (GD) with GBA1 genotype N370S/c.203delC+R257X (p.N409S/c.203delC+p.R296X). Notably, the younger sister with GD later developed Parkinson disease (PD). A comprehensive analysis of these high-purity DA neurons revealed that although GD DA neurons exhibited decreased levels of glucocerebrosidase (GCase), there was no substantial difference in GCase protein levels or lipid substrate accumulation between DA neurons from the GD and GD/PD sisters, suggesting that the PD discordance is related to of other genetic modifiers.
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16
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Hegde M, Vasquez V, Kodavati M, Mitra J, Vendula I, Hamilton D, Garruto R, Rao KS. Mitochondria-Targeted Oligomeric α-Synuclein Induces TOM40 Degradation and Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Parkinson's Disease and Parkinsonism-Dementia of Guam. RESEARCH SQUARE 2024:rs.3.rs-3970470. [PMID: 38464024 PMCID: PMC10925433 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3970470/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction is a central aspect of Parkinson's disease (PD) pathology, yet the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. This study investigates the link between α-Synuclein (α-Syn) pathology and the loss of translocase of the outer mitochondrial membrane 40 (TOM40), unraveling its implications for mitochondrial dysfunctions in neurons. We discovered that TOM40 protein depletion occurs in the brains of patients with Guam Parkinsonism Dementia (Guam PD) and cultured neurons expressing α-Syn proteinopathy, notably, without corresponding changes in TOM40 mRNA levels. Cultured neurons expressing α-Syn mutants, with or without a mitochondria-targeting signal (MTS) underscore the role of α-Syn's mitochondrial localization in inducing TOM40 degradation. Parkinson's Disease related etiological factors, such as 6-hydroxy dopamine or ROS/metal ions stress, which promote α-Syn oligomerization, exacerbate TOM40 depletion in PD patient-derived cells with SNCA gene triplication. Although α-Syn interacts with both TOM40 and TOM20 in the outer mitochondrial membrane, degradation is selective for TOM40, which occurs via the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) pathway. Our comprehensive analyses using Seahorse technology, mitochondrial DNA sequencing, and damage assessments, demonstrate that mutant α-Syn-induced TOM40 loss results in mitochondrial dysfunction, characterized by reduced membrane potential, accumulation of mtDNA damage, deletion/insertion mutations, and altered oxygen consumption rates. Notably, ectopic supplementation of TOM40 or reducing pathological forms of α-Syn using ADP-ribosylation inhibitors ameliorate these mitochondrial defects, suggesting potential therapeutic avenues. In conclusion, our findings provide crucial mechanistic insights into how α-Syn accumulation leads to TOM40 degradation and mitochondrial dysfunction, offering insights for targeted interventions to alleviate mitochondrial defects in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Joy Mitra
- Houston Methodist Research Institute
| | | | - Dale Hamilton
- Center for Bioenergetics, Houston Methodist Research Institute
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17
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Hornauer P, Prack G, Anastasi N, Ronchi S, Kim T, Donner C, Fiscella M, Borgwardt K, Taylor V, Jagasia R, Roqueiro D, Hierlemann A, Schröter M. DeePhys: A machine learning-assisted platform for electrophysiological phenotyping of human neuronal networks. Stem Cell Reports 2024; 19:285-298. [PMID: 38278155 PMCID: PMC10874850 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2023.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Reproducible functional assays to study in vitro neuronal networks represent an important cornerstone in the quest to develop physiologically relevant cellular models of human diseases. Here, we introduce DeePhys, a MATLAB-based analysis tool for data-driven functional phenotyping of in vitro neuronal cultures recorded by high-density microelectrode arrays. DeePhys is a modular workflow that offers a range of techniques to extract features from spike-sorted data, allowing for the examination of functional phenotypes both at the individual cell and network levels, as well as across development. In addition, DeePhys incorporates the capability to integrate novel features and to use machine-learning-assisted approaches, which facilitates a comprehensive evaluation of pharmacological interventions. To illustrate its practical application, we apply DeePhys to human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived dopaminergic neurons obtained from both patients and healthy individuals and showcase how DeePhys enables phenotypic screenings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Hornauer
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zürich, 4056 Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Gustavo Prack
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zürich, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Nadia Anastasi
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Neuroscience and Rare Diseases, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche, 4070 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Silvia Ronchi
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zürich, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Taehoon Kim
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zürich, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Michele Fiscella
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zürich, 4056 Basel, Switzerland; MaxWell Biosystems AG, 8047 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Karsten Borgwardt
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zürich, 4056 Basel, Switzerland; Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Verdon Taylor
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ravi Jagasia
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Neuroscience and Rare Diseases, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche, 4070 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Damian Roqueiro
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zürich, 4056 Basel, Switzerland; Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Neuroscience and Rare Diseases, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche, 4070 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Hierlemann
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zürich, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Manuel Schröter
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zürich, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
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18
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Cardo LF, Monzón-Sandoval J, Li Z, Webber C, Li M. Single-Cell Transcriptomics and In Vitro Lineage Tracing Reveals Differential Susceptibility of Human iPSC-Derived Midbrain Dopaminergic Neurons in a Cellular Model of Parkinson's Disease. Cells 2023; 12:2860. [PMID: 38132179 PMCID: PMC10741976 DOI: 10.3390/cells12242860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Advances in stem cell technologies open up new avenues for modelling development and diseases. The success of these pursuits, however, relies on the use of cells most relevant to those targeted by the disease of interest, for example, midbrain dopaminergic neurons for Parkinson's disease. In the present study, we report the generation of a human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) line capable of purifying and tracing nascent midbrain dopaminergic progenitors and their differentiated progeny via the expression of a Blue Fluorescent Protein (BFP). This was achieved by CRISPR/Cas9-assisted knock-in of BFP and Cre into the safe harbour locus AAVS1 and an early midbrain dopaminergic lineage marker gene LMX1A, respectively. Immunocytochemical analysis and single-cell RNA sequencing of iPSC-derived neural cultures confirm developmental recapitulation of the human fetal midbrain and high-quality midbrain cells. By modelling Parkinson's disease-related drug toxicity using 1-Methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+), we showed a preferential reduction of BFP+ cells, a finding demonstrated independently by cell death assays and single-cell transcriptomic analysis of MPP+ treated neural cultures. Together, these results highlight the importance of disease-relevant cell types in stem cell modelling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia F. Cardo
- Dementia Research Institute, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Hadyn Ellis Building, Maindy Road, Cardiff CF24 4HQ, UK; (L.F.C.); (J.M.-S.); (Z.L.)
| | - Jimena Monzón-Sandoval
- Dementia Research Institute, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Hadyn Ellis Building, Maindy Road, Cardiff CF24 4HQ, UK; (L.F.C.); (J.M.-S.); (Z.L.)
| | - Zongze Li
- Dementia Research Institute, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Hadyn Ellis Building, Maindy Road, Cardiff CF24 4HQ, UK; (L.F.C.); (J.M.-S.); (Z.L.)
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Innovation Institute, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Hadyn Ellis Building, Maindy Road, Cardiff CF24 4HQ, UK
| | - Caleb Webber
- Dementia Research Institute, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Hadyn Ellis Building, Maindy Road, Cardiff CF24 4HQ, UK; (L.F.C.); (J.M.-S.); (Z.L.)
| | - Meng Li
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Innovation Institute, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Hadyn Ellis Building, Maindy Road, Cardiff CF24 4HQ, UK
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19
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Mangrulkar SV, Wankhede NL, Kale MB, Upaganlawar AB, Taksande BG, Umekar MJ, Anwer MK, Dailah HG, Mohan S, Behl T. Mitochondrial Dysfunction as a Signaling Target for Therapeutic Intervention in Major Neurodegenerative Disease. Neurotox Res 2023; 41:708-729. [PMID: 37162686 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-023-00647-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases (NDD) are incurable and the most prevalent cognitive and motor disorders of elderly. Mitochondria are essential for a wide range of cellular processes playing a pivotal role in a number of cellular functions like metabolism, intracellular signaling, apoptosis, and immunity. A plethora of evidence indicates the central role of mitochondrial functions in pathogenesis of many aging related NDD. Considering how mitochondria function in neurodegenerative diseases, oxidative stress, and mutations in mtDNA both contribute to aging. Many substantial reports suggested the involvement of numerous contributing factors including, mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, mitophagy, accumulation of somatic mtDNA mutations, compromised mitochondrial dynamics, and transport within axons in neurodegenerative disorders including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. Therapies therefore target fundamental mitochondrial processes such as energy metabolism, free-radical generation, mitochondrial biogenesis, mitochondrial redox state, mitochondrial dynamics, mitochondrial protein synthesis, mitochondrial quality control, and metabolism hold great promise to develop pharmacological based therapies in NDD. By emphasizing the most efficient pharmacological strategies to target dysfunction of mitochondria in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases, this review serves the scientific community engaged in translational medical science by focusing on the establishment of novel, mitochondria-targeted treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nitu L Wankhede
- Smt. Shantabai Patil College of Diploma in Pharmacy, Kamptee, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
| | - Mayur B Kale
- Smt. Kishoritai Bhoyar College of Pharmacy, Kamptee, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
| | - Aman B Upaganlawar
- SNJB's Shriman Sureshdada Jain College of Pharmacy, Neminagar, Chandwad, Nasik, Maharashta, India
| | - Brijesh G Taksande
- Smt. Kishoritai Bhoyar College of Pharmacy, Kamptee, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
| | - Milind J Umekar
- Smt. Kishoritai Bhoyar College of Pharmacy, Kamptee, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
| | - Md Khalid Anwer
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj, 16278, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hamad Ghaleb Dailah
- Research and Scientific Studies Unit, College of Nursing, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Syam Mohan
- Substance Abuse and Toxicology Research Center, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
- School of Health Sciences and Technology, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
- Centre for Transdisciplinary Research, Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Science, Saveetha University, Chennai, India
| | - Tapan Behl
- School of Health Sciences and Technology, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India.
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20
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Birol M, Muñoz IID, Rhoades E. The C-terminus of α-Synuclein Regulates its Dynamic Cellular Internalization by Neurexin 1β. Mol Biol Cell 2023; 34:br21. [PMID: 37729016 PMCID: PMC10848939 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e22-11-0496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The aggregation of the disordered neuronal protein, α-Synuclein (αS), is the primary pathological feature of Parkinson's disease. Current hypotheses favor cell-to-cell spread of αS species as underlying disease progression, driving interest in identifying the molecular species and cellular processes involved in cellular internalization of αS. Prior work from our lab identified the chemically specific interaction between αS and the presynaptic adhesion protein neurexin-1β (N1β) to be capable of driving cellular internalization of both monomer and aggregated forms of αS. Here we explore the physical basis of N1β-driven internalization of αS. Specifically, we show that spontaneous internalization of αS by SH-SY5Y and HEK293 cells expressing N1β requires essentially all of the membrane-binding domain of αS; αS constructs truncated beyond residue 90 bind to N1β in the plasma membrane of HEK cells, but are not internalized. Interestingly, before internalization, αS and N1β codiffuse rapidly in the plasma membrane. αS constructs that are not internalized show very slow mobility themselves, as well as slow N1β diffusion. Finally, we find that truncated αS is capable of blocking internalization of full-length αS. Our results draw attention to the potential therapeutic value of blocking αS-N1β interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Birol
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
- Max Delbrück Institute for Molecular Medicine, Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology, Berlin 10115, Germany
| | | | - Elizabeth Rhoades
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
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21
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Williamson MG, Madureira M, McGuinness W, Heon-Roberts R, Mock ED, Naidoo K, Cramb KML, Caiazza MC, Malpartida AB, Lavelle M, Savory K, Humble SW, Patterson R, Davis JB, Connor-Robson N, Ryan BJ, Wade-Martins R. Mitochondrial dysfunction and mitophagy defects in LRRK2-R1441C Parkinson's disease models. Hum Mol Genet 2023; 32:2808-2821. [PMID: 37384414 PMCID: PMC10481106 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddad102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Mutations in the Leucine-Rich Repeat Kinase 2 (LRRK2) gene have been identified as one of the most common genetic causes of Parkinson's disease (PD). The LRRK2 PD-associated mutations LRRK2G2019S and LRRK2R1441C, located in the kinase domain and in the ROC-COR domain, respectively, have been demonstrated to impair mitochondrial function. Here, we sought to further our understanding of mitochondrial health and mitophagy by integrating data from LRRK2R1441C rat primary cortical and human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived dopamine (iPSC-DA) neuronal cultures as models of PD. We found that LRRK2R1441C neurons exhibit decreased mitochondrial membrane potential, impaired mitochondrial function and decreased basal mitophagy levels. Mitochondrial morphology was altered in LRRK2R1441C iPSC-DA but not in cortical neuronal cultures or aged striatal tissue, indicating a cell-type-specific phenotype. Additionally, LRRK2R1441C but not LRRK2G2019S neurons demonstrated decreased levels of the mitophagy marker pS65Ub in response to mitochondrial damage, which could disrupt degradation of damaged mitochondria. This impaired mitophagy activation and mitochondrial function were not corrected by the LRRK2 inhibitor MLi-2 in LRRK2R1441C iPSC-DA neuronal cultures. Furthermore, we demonstrate LRRK2 interaction with MIRO1, a protein necessary to stabilize and to anchor mitochondria for transport, occurs at mitochondria, in a genotype-independent manner. Despite this, we found that degradation of MIRO1 was impaired in LRRK2R1441C cultures upon induced mitochondrial damage, suggesting a divergent mechanism from the LRRK2G2019S mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew G Williamson
- Oxford Parkinson’s Disease Centre and Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK
- Kavli Institute for Nanoscience Discovery, Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin Building, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK
| | - Marta Madureira
- Oxford Parkinson’s Disease Centre and Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK
- Kavli Institute for Nanoscience Discovery, Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin Building, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK
- ICBAS, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Rua Jorge de Viterbo Ferreira, 228, Porto 4050-313, Portugal
| | - William McGuinness
- Oxford Parkinson’s Disease Centre and Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK
- Kavli Institute for Nanoscience Discovery, Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin Building, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK
| | - Rachel Heon-Roberts
- Oxford Parkinson’s Disease Centre and Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK
- Kavli Institute for Nanoscience Discovery, Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin Building, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK
| | - Elliot D Mock
- Oxford Parkinson’s Disease Centre and Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK
- Kavli Institute for Nanoscience Discovery, Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin Building, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK
| | - Kalina Naidoo
- Oxford Parkinson’s Disease Centre and Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK
- Kavli Institute for Nanoscience Discovery, Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin Building, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK
| | - Kaitlyn M L Cramb
- Oxford Parkinson’s Disease Centre and Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK
- Kavli Institute for Nanoscience Discovery, Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin Building, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK
| | - Maria-Claudia Caiazza
- Oxford Parkinson’s Disease Centre and Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK
- Kavli Institute for Nanoscience Discovery, Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin Building, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK
| | - Ana B Malpartida
- Oxford Parkinson’s Disease Centre and Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK
| | - Martha Lavelle
- Oxford Parkinson’s Disease Centre and Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK
- Kavli Institute for Nanoscience Discovery, Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin Building, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK
| | - Katrina Savory
- Oxford Parkinson’s Disease Centre and Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK
- Kavli Institute for Nanoscience Discovery, Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin Building, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK
| | - Stewart W Humble
- Oxford Parkinson’s Disease Centre and Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK
- Kavli Institute for Nanoscience Discovery, Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin Building, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Ryan Patterson
- Oxford Parkinson’s Disease Centre and Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - John B Davis
- Oxford Drug Discovery Institute, Centre of Medicines Discovery, University of Oxford, NDM Research Building, Old Road Campus, Oxford OX3 7FZ, UK
| | - Natalie Connor-Robson
- Oxford Parkinson’s Disease Centre and Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK
| | - Brent J Ryan
- Oxford Parkinson’s Disease Centre and Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK
- Kavli Institute for Nanoscience Discovery, Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin Building, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK
| | - Richard Wade-Martins
- Oxford Parkinson’s Disease Centre and Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK
- Kavli Institute for Nanoscience Discovery, Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin Building, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK
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22
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de la Fuente AG, Pelucchi S, Mertens J, Di Luca M, Mauceri D, Marcello E. Novel therapeutic approaches to target neurodegeneration. Br J Pharmacol 2023; 180:1651-1673. [PMID: 36965025 PMCID: PMC10952850 DOI: 10.1111/bph.16078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Ageing is the main risk factor common to most primary neurodegenerative disorders. Indeed, age-related brain alterations have been long considered to predispose to neurodegeneration. Although protein misfolding and the accumulation of toxic protein aggregates have been considered as causative events in neurodegeneration, several other biological pathways affected by brain ageing also contribute to pathogenesis. Here, we discuss the evidence showing the involvement of the mechanisms controlling neuronal structure, gene expression, autophagy, cell metabolism and neuroinflammation in the onset and progression of neurodegenerative disorders. Furthermore, we review the therapeutic strategies currently under development or as future approaches designed to normalize these pathways, which may then increase brain resilience to cope with toxic protein species. In addition to therapies targeting the insoluble protein aggregates specifically associated with each neurodegenerative disorder, these novel pharmacological approaches may be part of combined therapies designed to rescue brain function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alerie G. de la Fuente
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de Alicante (ISABIAL)AlicanteSpain
- Instituto de Neurociencias CSIC‐UMHAlicanteSpain
- Wellcome‐Wolfson Institute for Experimental MedicineQueen's University BelfastBelfastUK
| | - Silvia Pelucchi
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular SciencesUniversity of MilanMilanItaly
- Institute of Molecular BiologyLeopold‐Franzens‐Universität InnsbruckInnsbruckAustria
| | - Jerome Mertens
- Institute of Molecular BiologyLeopold‐Franzens‐Universität InnsbruckInnsbruckAustria
- Department of NeurosciencesUniversity of California San DiegoLa JollaCaliforniaUSA
| | - Monica Di Luca
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular SciencesUniversity of MilanMilanItaly
| | - Daniela Mauceri
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell BiologyDepartment of Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience, University of MarburgMarburgGermany
- Department of NeurobiologyInterdisciplinary Centre for Neurosciences (IZN), Heidelberg UniversityHeidelbergGermany
| | - Elena Marcello
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular SciencesUniversity of MilanMilanItaly
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23
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Lebedeva O, Poberezhniy D, Novosadova E, Gerasimova T, Novosadova L, Arsenyeva E, Stepanenko E, Shimchenko D, Volovikov E, Anufrieva K, Illarioshkin S, Lagarkova M, Grivennikov I, Tarantul V, Nenasheva V. Overexpression of Parkin in the Neuronal Progenitor Cells from a Patient with Parkinson's Disease Shifts the Transcriptome Towards the Normal State. Mol Neurobiol 2023; 60:3522-3533. [PMID: 36884134 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03293-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/05/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative pathology caused by the progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra. Juvenile PD is known to be strongly associated with mutations in the PARK2 gene encoding E3 ubiquitin ligase Parkin. Despite numerous studies, molecular mechanisms that trigger PD remain largely unknown. Here, we compared the transcriptome of the neural progenitor (NP) cell line, derived from a PD patient with PARK2 mutation resulting in Parkin loss, with the transcriptome of the same NPs but expressing transgenic Parkin. We found that Parkin overexpression led to the substantial recovery of the transcriptome of NPs to a normal state indicating that alterations of transcription in PD-derived NPs were mainly caused by PARK2 mutations. Among genes significantly dysregulated in PD-derived NPs, 106 genes unambiguously restored their expression after reestablishing of the Parkin level. Based on the selected gene sets, we revealed the enriched Gene Ontology (GO) pathways including signaling, neurotransmitter transport and metabolism, response to stimulus, and apoptosis. Strikingly, dopamine receptor D4 that was previously associated with PD appears to be involved in the maximal number of GO-enriched pathways and therefore may be considered as a potential trigger of PD progression. Our findings may help in the screening for promising targets for PD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Lebedeva
- Lopukhin Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical Chemical Medicine of the Federal Medical and Biological Agency of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia.,Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Lopukhin Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow, Russia
| | - Daniil Poberezhniy
- Institute of Molecular Genetics of National Research Centre "Kurchatov Institute", Moscow, Russia.,Faculty of Biotechnology and Industrial Ecology, D.I. Mendeleyev University of Chemical Technology of Russia, Moscow, Russia
| | - Ekaterina Novosadova
- Institute of Molecular Genetics of National Research Centre "Kurchatov Institute", Moscow, Russia
| | - Tatiana Gerasimova
- Institute of Molecular Genetics of National Research Centre "Kurchatov Institute", Moscow, Russia.
| | - Lyudmila Novosadova
- Institute of Molecular Genetics of National Research Centre "Kurchatov Institute", Moscow, Russia
| | - Elena Arsenyeva
- Institute of Molecular Genetics of National Research Centre "Kurchatov Institute", Moscow, Russia
| | - Ekaterina Stepanenko
- Institute of Molecular Genetics of National Research Centre "Kurchatov Institute", Moscow, Russia
| | - Darya Shimchenko
- Institute of Molecular Genetics of National Research Centre "Kurchatov Institute", Moscow, Russia
| | - Egor Volovikov
- Lopukhin Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical Chemical Medicine of the Federal Medical and Biological Agency of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - Ksenia Anufrieva
- Lopukhin Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical Chemical Medicine of the Federal Medical and Biological Agency of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia.,Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Lopukhin Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Maria Lagarkova
- Lopukhin Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical Chemical Medicine of the Federal Medical and Biological Agency of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia.,Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Lopukhin Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow, Russia
| | - Igor Grivennikov
- Institute of Molecular Genetics of National Research Centre "Kurchatov Institute", Moscow, Russia
| | - Vyacheslav Tarantul
- Institute of Molecular Genetics of National Research Centre "Kurchatov Institute", Moscow, Russia
| | - Valentina Nenasheva
- Institute of Molecular Genetics of National Research Centre "Kurchatov Institute", Moscow, Russia.
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24
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Bogetofte H, Ryan BJ, Jensen P, Schmidt SI, Vergoossen DLE, Barnkob MB, Kiani LN, Chughtai U, Heon-Roberts R, Caiazza MC, McGuinness W, Márquez-Gómez R, Vowles J, Bunn FS, Brandes J, Kilfeather P, Connor JP, Fernandes HJR, Caffrey TM, Meyer M, Cowley SA, Larsen MR, Wade-Martins R. Post-translational proteomics platform identifies neurite outgrowth impairments in Parkinson's disease GBA-N370S dopamine neurons. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112180. [PMID: 36870058 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Variants at the GBA locus, encoding glucocerebrosidase, are the strongest common genetic risk factor for Parkinson's disease (PD). To understand GBA-related disease mechanisms, we use a multi-part-enrichment proteomics and post-translational modification (PTM) workflow, identifying large numbers of dysregulated proteins and PTMs in heterozygous GBA-N370S PD patient induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) dopamine neurons. Alterations in glycosylation status show disturbances in the autophagy-lysosomal pathway, which concur with upstream perturbations in mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) activation in GBA-PD neurons. Several native and modified proteins encoded by PD-associated genes are dysregulated in GBA-PD neurons. Integrated pathway analysis reveals impaired neuritogenesis in GBA-PD neurons and identify tau as a key pathway mediator. Functional assays confirm neurite outgrowth deficits and identify impaired mitochondrial movement in GBA-PD neurons. Furthermore, pharmacological rescue of glucocerebrosidase activity in GBA-PD neurons improves the neurite outgrowth deficit. Overall, this study demonstrates the potential of PTMomics to elucidate neurodegeneration-associated pathways and potential drug targets in complex disease models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helle Bogetofte
- Oxford Parkinson's Disease Centre, Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QX, UK; Kavli Institute for Nanoscience Discovery, University of Oxford, Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin Building, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK; Department of Neurobiology Research, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, 5000 Odense C, Denmark; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense M, Denmark
| | - Brent J Ryan
- Oxford Parkinson's Disease Centre, Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QX, UK; Kavli Institute for Nanoscience Discovery, University of Oxford, Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin Building, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK.
| | - Pia Jensen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense M, Denmark
| | - Sissel I Schmidt
- Oxford Parkinson's Disease Centre, Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QX, UK; Kavli Institute for Nanoscience Discovery, University of Oxford, Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin Building, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK; Department of Neurobiology Research, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, 5000 Odense C, Denmark
| | - Dana L E Vergoossen
- Oxford Parkinson's Disease Centre, Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QX, UK
| | - Mike B Barnkob
- Centre for Cellular Immunotherapy of Haematological Cancer Odense (CITCO), Department of Clinical Immunology, Odense University Hospital, University of Southern Denmark, 5000 Odense C, Denmark
| | - Lisa N Kiani
- Oxford Parkinson's Disease Centre, Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QX, UK
| | - Uroosa Chughtai
- Oxford Parkinson's Disease Centre, Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QX, UK
| | - Rachel Heon-Roberts
- Oxford Parkinson's Disease Centre, Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QX, UK; Kavli Institute for Nanoscience Discovery, University of Oxford, Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin Building, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK
| | - Maria Claudia Caiazza
- Oxford Parkinson's Disease Centre, Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QX, UK; Kavli Institute for Nanoscience Discovery, University of Oxford, Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin Building, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK
| | - William McGuinness
- Oxford Parkinson's Disease Centre, Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QX, UK; Kavli Institute for Nanoscience Discovery, University of Oxford, Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin Building, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK
| | - Ricardo Márquez-Gómez
- Oxford Parkinson's Disease Centre, Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QX, UK; Kavli Institute for Nanoscience Discovery, University of Oxford, Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin Building, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK
| | - Jane Vowles
- James Martin Stem Cell Facility, Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RE, UK
| | - Fiona S Bunn
- Oxford Parkinson's Disease Centre, Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QX, UK
| | - Janine Brandes
- Oxford Parkinson's Disease Centre, Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QX, UK
| | - Peter Kilfeather
- Oxford Parkinson's Disease Centre, Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QX, UK; Kavli Institute for Nanoscience Discovery, University of Oxford, Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin Building, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK
| | - Jack P Connor
- Oxford Parkinson's Disease Centre, Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QX, UK; Kavli Institute for Nanoscience Discovery, University of Oxford, Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin Building, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK
| | - Hugo J R Fernandes
- Oxford Parkinson's Disease Centre, Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QX, UK; Kavli Institute for Nanoscience Discovery, University of Oxford, Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin Building, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK
| | - Tara M Caffrey
- Oxford Parkinson's Disease Centre, Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QX, UK
| | - Morten Meyer
- Department of Neurobiology Research, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, 5000 Odense C, Denmark; Department of Neurology, Odense University Hospital, 5000 Odense C, Denmark
| | - Sally A Cowley
- James Martin Stem Cell Facility, Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RE, UK
| | - Martin R Larsen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense M, Denmark
| | - Richard Wade-Martins
- Oxford Parkinson's Disease Centre, Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QX, UK; Kavli Institute for Nanoscience Discovery, University of Oxford, Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin Building, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK.
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25
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Fernandes HJR, Kent JP, Bruntraeger M, Bassett AR, Koulman A, Metzakopian E, Snowden SG. Mitochondrial and Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Trigger Triglyceride Accumulation in Models of Parkinson's Disease Independent of Mutations in MAPT. Metabolites 2023; 13:112. [PMID: 36677037 PMCID: PMC9861589 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13010112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The metabolic basis of Parkinson's disease pathology is poorly understood. However, the involvement of mitochondrial and endoplasmic reticulum stress in dopamine neurons in disease aetiology is well established. We looked at the effect of rotenone- and tunicamycin-induced mitochondrial and ER stress on the metabolism of wild type and microtubule-associated protein tau mutant dopamine neurons. Dopamine neurons derived from human isolated iPSCs were subjected to mitochondrial and ER stress using RT and TM, respectively. Comprehensive metabolite profiles were generated using a split phase extraction analysed by reversed phase lipidomics whilst the aqueous phase was measured using HILIC metabolomics. Mitochondrial and ER stress were both shown to cause significant dysregulation of metabolism with RT-induced stress producing a larger shift in the metabolic profile of both wild type and MAPT neurons. Detailed analysis showed that accumulation of triglycerides was a significant driver of metabolic dysregulation in response to both stresses in both genotypes. Whilst the consequence is similar, the mechanisms by which triglyceride accumulation occurs in dopamine neurons in response to mitochondrial and ER stress are very different. Thus, improving our understanding of how these mechanisms drive the observed triglyceride accumulation can potentially open up new therapeutic avenues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugo J. R. Fernandes
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, UK Dementia Research Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0AH, UK
| | - Josh P. Kent
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, UK Dementia Research Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0AH, UK
- Core Metabolomics and Lipidomics Laboratory, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Level 4 Pathology, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | | | - Andrew R. Bassett
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Albert Koulman
- Core Metabolomics and Lipidomics Laboratory, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Level 4 Pathology, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Emmanouil Metzakopian
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, UK Dementia Research Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0AH, UK
| | - Stuart G. Snowden
- Department of Biological Sciences, Royal Holloway University of London, Egham, London TW20 0EX, UK
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26
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Liu G, Ni C, Zhan J, Li W, Luo J, Liao Z, Locascio JJ, Xian W, Chen L, Pei Z, Corvol JC, Maple-Grødem J, Campbell MC, Elbaz A, Lesage S, Brice A, Hung AY, Schwarzschild MA, Hayes MT, Wills AM, Ravina B, Shoulson I, Taba P, Kõks S, Beach TG, Cormier-Dequaire F, Alves G, Tysnes OB, Perlmutter JS, Heutink P, van Hilten JJ, Barker RA, Williams-Gray CH, Scherzer CR. Mitochondrial haplogroups and cognitive progression in Parkinson's disease. Brain 2023; 146:42-49. [PMID: 36343661 PMCID: PMC10202390 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awac327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are a culprit in the onset of Parkinson's disease, but their role during disease progression is unclear. Here we used Cox proportional hazards models to exam the effect of variation in the mitochondrial genome on longitudinal cognitive and motor progression over time in 4064 patients with Parkinson's disease. Mitochondrial macro-haplogroup was associated with reduced risk of cognitive disease progression in the discovery and replication population. In the combined analysis, patients with the super macro-haplogroup J, T, U# had a 41% lower risk of cognitive progression with P = 2.42 × 10-6 compared to those with macro-haplogroup H. Exploratory analysis indicated that the common mitochondrial DNA variant, m.2706A>G, was associated with slower cognitive decline with a hazard ratio of 0.68 (95% confidence interval 0.56-0.81) and P = 2.46 × 10-5. Mitochondrial haplogroups were not appreciably linked to motor progression. This initial genetic survival study of the mitochondrial genome suggests that mitochondrial haplogroups may be associated with the pace of cognitive progression in Parkinson's disease over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ganqiang Liu
- Neurobiology Research Center, School of Medicine, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, China
| | - Chunming Ni
- Neurobiology Research Center, School of Medicine, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, China
| | - Jiamin Zhan
- Neurobiology Research Center, School of Medicine, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, China
| | - Weimin Li
- Neurobiology Research Center, School of Medicine, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, China
| | - Junfeng Luo
- Neurobiology Research Center, School of Medicine, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, China
| | - Zhixiang Liao
- APDA Center for Advanced Parkinson Research, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Neurogenomics Lab, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Joseph J Locascio
- APDA Center for Advanced Parkinson Research, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Neurogenomics Lab, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Wenbiao Xian
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China
| | - Ling Chen
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China
| | - Zhong Pei
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China
| | - Jean-Christophe Corvol
- Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau – Paris Brain Institute - ICM, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Département de Neurologie et de Génétique, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Jodi Maple-Grødem
- The Norwegian Centre for Movement Disorders, Stavanger University Hospital, 4068 Stavanger, Norway
- Department of Chemistry, Bioscience and Environmental Engineering, University of Stavanger, 4021 Stavanger, Norway
| | - Meghan C Campbell
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Alexis Elbaz
- Paris-Saclay University, UVSQ, Inserm, Gustave Roussy, ‘Exposome and Heredity’ Team, CESP, F94805 Villejuif, France
| | - Suzanne Lesage
- Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau – Paris Brain Institute - ICM, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Département de Neurologie et de Génétique, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Alexis Brice
- Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau – Paris Brain Institute - ICM, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Département de Neurologie et de Génétique, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Albert Y Hung
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Michael A Schwarzschild
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Michael T Hayes
- Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Anne-Marie Wills
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | | | - Ira Shoulson
- Department of Neurology, Center for Health and Technology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Pille Taba
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu 50406, Estonia
- Neurology Clinic, Tartu University Hospital, Tartu 50406, Estonia
| | - Sulev Kõks
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Innovative Therapeutics, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Perth, WA 6150, Australia
- Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Thomas G Beach
- Banner Sun Health Research Institute, Sun City, AZ 85351, USA
| | - Florence Cormier-Dequaire
- Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau – Paris Brain Institute - ICM, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Département de Neurologie et de Génétique, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Guido Alves
- The Norwegian Centre for Movement Disorders, Stavanger University Hospital, 4068 Stavanger, Norway
- Department of Chemistry, Bioscience and Environmental Engineering, University of Stavanger, 4021 Stavanger, Norway
- Department of Neurology, Stavanger University Hospital, 4068 Stavanger, Norway
| | - Ole-Bjørn Tysnes
- Department of Neurology, Haukeland University Hospital, 5020 Bergen, Norway
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, 5020 Bergen, Norway
| | - Joel S Perlmutter
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
- Departments of Radiology and Neuroscience, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
- Program of Physical Therapy and Program of Occupational Therapy, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Peter Heutink
- German Center for Neurodegenerative diseases (DZNE), 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Jacobus J van Hilten
- Department of Neurology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Roger A Barker
- John Van Geest Centre for Brain Repair, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0PY, UK
- Wellcome—MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0AW, UK
| | - Caroline H Williams-Gray
- John Van Geest Centre for Brain Repair, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0PY, UK
| | - Clemens R Scherzer
- APDA Center for Advanced Parkinson Research, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Neurogenomics Lab, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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Associations of genes of DNA repair systems with Parkinson’s disease. ACTA BIOMEDICA SCIENTIFICA 2022. [DOI: 10.29413/abs.2022-7.6.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background. Approximately 5–10 % of cases of Parkinson’s disease (PD) are monogenic, in other cases the pathology has a multifactorial etiology. One of recognized pathogenetic pathways of PD is mitochondrial dysfunction, in particular the accumulation of damage in mitochondrial DNA. Hence, the genes of DNA repair proteins are promising candidate genes for multifactorial forms of PD.The aim. To study the involvement of genes of DNA repair proteins in the development of Parkinson’s disease.Materials and methods. The associative analysis was carried out while comparing a group of patients with PD (n = 133) with a Tomsk population sample (n = 344). SNaPshot analysis was used to study 8 SNPs in genes of DNA repair proteins (rs560191 (TP53BP1); rs1805800 and rs709816 (NBN); rs473297 (MRE11A); rs1189037 and rs1801516 (ATM); rs1799977 (MLH1); rs1805321 (PMS2)).Results. Common alleles and homozygous rs1801516 genotypes in the ATM gene predispose the development of PD (odds ratio (OR) – 3.27 (p = 0.000004) and OR = 3.46 (p = 0.00008) for risk alleles and genotype respectively) and rs1799977 in the MLH1 gene (OR = 1.88 (p = 0.0004) and OR = 2.42 (p = 0.00007) respectively); heterozygotes have a protective effect (OR = 0.33 (p = 0.0007) and OR = 0.46 (p = 0.0007) for ATM and MLH1, respectively). The rare rs1805800 allele in the NBN gene (OR = 1.62 (p = 0.019)) and a homozygous genotype for it (OR = 2.28 (p = 0.016)) also predispose to PD. Associations with PD of the ATM, MLH1, NBN genes were revealed for the first time.Conclusion. Mitochondrial dysfunction is one of the key factors in the pathogenesis of PD, while at least two of the three protein products of associated genes are involved in the development of mitochondrial dysfunction. Accordingly, it can be assumed that associated genes are involved in the pathogenesis of PD precisely through mitochondrial dysfunction.
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Virdi GS, Choi ML, Evans JR, Yao Z, Athauda D, Strohbuecker S, Nirujogi RS, Wernick AI, Pelegrina-Hidalgo N, Leighton C, Saleeb RS, Kopach O, Alrashidi H, Melandri D, Perez-Lloret J, Angelova PR, Sylantyev S, Eaton S, Heales S, Rusakov DA, Alessi DR, Kunath T, Horrocks MH, Abramov AY, Patani R, Gandhi S. Protein aggregation and calcium dysregulation are hallmarks of familial Parkinson's disease in midbrain dopaminergic neurons. NPJ Parkinsons Dis 2022; 8:162. [PMID: 36424392 PMCID: PMC9691718 DOI: 10.1038/s41531-022-00423-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in the SNCA gene cause autosomal dominant Parkinson's disease (PD), with loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra, and aggregation of α-synuclein. The sequence of molecular events that proceed from an SNCA mutation during development, to end-stage pathology is unknown. Utilising human-induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs), we resolved the temporal sequence of SNCA-induced pathophysiological events in order to discover early, and likely causative, events. Our small molecule-based protocol generates highly enriched midbrain dopaminergic (mDA) neurons: molecular identity was confirmed using single-cell RNA sequencing and proteomics, and functional identity was established through dopamine synthesis, and measures of electrophysiological activity. At the earliest stage of differentiation, prior to maturation to mDA neurons, we demonstrate the formation of small β-sheet-rich oligomeric aggregates, in SNCA-mutant cultures. Aggregation persists and progresses, ultimately resulting in the accumulation of phosphorylated α-synuclein aggregates. Impaired intracellular calcium signalling, increased basal calcium, and impairments in mitochondrial calcium handling occurred early at day 34-41 post differentiation. Once midbrain identity fully developed, at day 48-62 post differentiation, SNCA-mutant neurons exhibited mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, lysosomal swelling and increased autophagy. Ultimately these multiple cellular stresses lead to abnormal excitability, altered neuronal activity, and cell death. Our differentiation paradigm generates an efficient model for studying disease mechanisms in PD and highlights that protein misfolding to generate intraneuronal oligomers is one of the earliest critical events driving disease in human neurons, rather than a late-stage hallmark of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gurvir S Virdi
- The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, NW1 1AT, UK
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, 20815, USA
| | - Minee L Choi
- The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, NW1 1AT, UK
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, 20815, USA
| | - James R Evans
- The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, NW1 1AT, UK
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, 20815, USA
| | - Zhi Yao
- The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, NW1 1AT, UK
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Dilan Athauda
- The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, NW1 1AT, UK
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | | | - Raja S Nirujogi
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, 20815, USA
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Protein Phosphorylation and Ubiquitylation Unit, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dow Street, Dundee, DD1 5EH, UK
| | - Anna I Wernick
- The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, NW1 1AT, UK
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, 20815, USA
| | - Noelia Pelegrina-Hidalgo
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, UK
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH16 4UU, UK
| | - Craig Leighton
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, UK
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH16 4UU, UK
| | - Rebecca S Saleeb
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, UK
| | - Olga Kopach
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Haya Alrashidi
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - Daniela Melandri
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | | | - Plamena R Angelova
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Sergiy Sylantyev
- Rowett Institute, University of Aberdeen, Ashgrove Rd West, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD, UK
| | - Simon Eaton
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - Simon Heales
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - Dmitri A Rusakov
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Dario R Alessi
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, 20815, USA
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Protein Phosphorylation and Ubiquitylation Unit, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dow Street, Dundee, DD1 5EH, UK
| | - Tilo Kunath
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH16 4UU, UK
| | - Mathew H Horrocks
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, UK
| | - Andrey Y Abramov
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Rickie Patani
- The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, NW1 1AT, UK.
- Department of Neuromuscular Disease, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK.
| | - Sonia Gandhi
- The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, NW1 1AT, UK.
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK.
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, 20815, USA.
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29
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Luo HM, Xu J, Huang DX, Chen YQ, Liu YZ, Li YJ, Chen H. Mitochondrial dysfunction of induced pluripotent stem cells-based neurodegenerative disease modeling and therapeutic strategy. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:1030390. [DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.1030390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) are disorders in which neurons are lost owing to various factors, resulting in a series of dysfunctions. Their rising prevalence and irreversibility have brought physical pain to patients and economic pressure to both individuals and society. However, the pathogenesis of NDDs has not yet been fully elucidated, hampering the use of precise medication. Induced pluripotent stem cell (IPSC) modeling provides a new method for drug discovery, and exploring the early pathological mechanisms including mitochondrial dysfunction, which is not only an early but a prominent pathological feature of NDDs. In this review, we summarize the iPSC modeling approach of Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, and Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, as well as outline typical mitochondrial dysfunction and recapitulate corresponding therapeutic strategies.
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30
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Kim J, Daadi EW, Oh T, Daadi ES, Daadi MM. Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell Phenotyping and Preclinical Modeling of Familial Parkinson's Disease. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:1937. [PMID: 36360174 PMCID: PMC9689743 DOI: 10.3390/genes13111937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is primarily idiopathic and a highly heterogenous neurodegenerative disease with patients experiencing a wide array of motor and non-motor symptoms. A major challenge for understanding susceptibility to PD is to determine the genetic and environmental factors that influence the mechanisms underlying the variations in disease-associated traits. The pathological hallmark of PD is the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta region of the brain and post-mortem Lewy pathology, which leads to the loss of projecting axons innervating the striatum and to impaired motor and cognitive functions. While the cause of PD is still largely unknown, genome-wide association studies provide evidence that numerous polymorphic variants in various genes contribute to sporadic PD, and 10 to 15% of all cases are linked to some form of hereditary mutations, either autosomal dominant or recessive. Among the most common mutations observed in PD patients are in the genes LRRK2, SNCA, GBA1, PINK1, PRKN, and PARK7/DJ-1. In this review, we cover these PD-related mutations, the use of induced pluripotent stem cells as a disease in a dish model, and genetic animal models to better understand the diversity in the pathogenesis and long-term outcomes seen in PD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey Kim
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX 78227, USA
- Cell Systems and Anatomy, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Etienne W Daadi
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX 78227, USA
| | - Thomas Oh
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX 78227, USA
| | - Elyas S Daadi
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX 78227, USA
| | - Marcel M Daadi
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX 78227, USA
- Cell Systems and Anatomy, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
- Department of Radiology, Long School of Medicine, University of Texas Health at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
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31
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Iannielli A, Luoni M, Giannelli SG, Ferese R, Ordazzo G, Fossati M, Raimondi A, Opazo F, Corti O, Prehn JHM, Gambardella S, Melki R, Broccoli V. Modeling native and seeded Synuclein aggregation and related cellular dysfunctions in dopaminergic neurons derived by a new set of isogenic iPSC lines with SNCA multiplications. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:881. [PMID: 36261424 PMCID: PMC9581971 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-05330-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 10/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Triplication of the SNCA gene, encoding the protein alpha-Synuclein (αSyn), is a rare cause of aggressive and early-onset parkinsonism. Herein, we generated iPSCs from two siblings with a recently described compact SNCA gene triplication and suffering from severe motor impairments, psychiatric symptoms, and cognitive deterioration. Using CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing, each SNCA copy was inactivated by targeted indel mutations generating a panel of isogenic iPSCs with a decremental number from 4 down to none of functional SNCA gene alleles. We differentiated these iPSC lines in midbrain dopaminergic (DA) neuronal cultures to characterize αSyn aggregation in native and seeded conditions and evaluate its associated cellular dysfunctions. Utilizing a new nanobody-based biosensor combined with super-resolved imaging, we were able to visualize and measure αSyn aggregates in early DA neurons in unstimulated conditions. Calcium dysregulation and mitochondrial alterations were the first pathological signs detectable in early differentiated DA neuronal cultures. Accelerated αSyn aggregation was induced by exposing neurons to structurally well-characterized synthetic αSyn fibrils. 4xSNCA DA neurons showed the highest vulnerability, which was associated with high levels of oxidized DA and amplified by TAX1BP1 gene disruption. Seeded DA neurons developed large αSyn deposits whose morphology and internal constituents resembled Lewy bodies commonly observed in Parkinson's disease (PD) patient brain tissues. These findings provide strong evidence that this isogenic panel of iPSCs with SNCA multiplications offers a remarkable cellular platform to investigate mechanisms of PD and validate candidate inhibitors of native and seeded αSyn aggregation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelo Iannielli
- grid.5326.20000 0001 1940 4177National Research Council (CNR), Institute of Neuroscience, 20129 Milan, Italy ,grid.18887.3e0000000417581884Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Mirko Luoni
- grid.18887.3e0000000417581884Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Serena Gea Giannelli
- grid.18887.3e0000000417581884Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | | | - Gabriele Ordazzo
- grid.18887.3e0000000417581884Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Matteo Fossati
- grid.5326.20000 0001 1940 4177National Research Council (CNR), Institute of Neuroscience, 20129 Milan, Italy ,grid.417728.f0000 0004 1756 8807IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Raimondi
- grid.18887.3e0000000417581884Experimental Imaging Center, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Felipe Opazo
- grid.411984.10000 0001 0482 5331University Medical Center Göttingen, D-37073 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Olga Corti
- grid.425274.20000 0004 0620 5939Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau (ICM), Inserm U1127, CNRS, UMR 7225 Paris, France
| | - Jochen H. M. Prehn
- grid.4912.e0000 0004 0488 7120Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Physiology and Medical Physics and SFI FutureNeuro Research Centre, 123 St. Stephen’s Green, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Stefano Gambardella
- grid.419543.e0000 0004 1760 3561IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy ,grid.12711.340000 0001 2369 7670Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino “Carlo Bo,, Urbino, Italy
| | - Ronald Melki
- grid.460789.40000 0004 4910 6535Institut Francois Jacob, Molecular Imaging Center (MIRCen), Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives (CEA) and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris-Saclay, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Vania Broccoli
- grid.5326.20000 0001 1940 4177National Research Council (CNR), Institute of Neuroscience, 20129 Milan, Italy ,grid.18887.3e0000000417581884Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
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32
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Choi ML, Chappard A, Singh BP, Maclachlan C, Rodrigues M, Fedotova EI, Berezhnov AV, De S, Peddie CJ, Athauda D, Virdi GS, Zhang W, Evans JR, Wernick AI, Zanjani ZS, Angelova PR, Esteras N, Vinokurov AY, Morris K, Jeacock K, Tosatto L, Little D, Gissen P, Clarke DJ, Kunath T, Collinson L, Klenerman D, Abramov AY, Horrocks MH, Gandhi S. Pathological structural conversion of α-synuclein at the mitochondria induces neuronal toxicity. Nat Neurosci 2022; 25:1134-1148. [PMID: 36042314 PMCID: PMC9448679 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-022-01140-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Aggregation of alpha-synuclein (α-Syn) drives Parkinson's disease (PD), although the initial stages of self-assembly and structural conversion have not been directly observed inside neurons. In this study, we tracked the intracellular conformational states of α-Syn using a single-molecule Förster resonance energy transfer (smFRET) biosensor, and we show here that α-Syn converts from a monomeric state into two distinct oligomeric states in neurons in a concentration-dependent and sequence-specific manner. Three-dimensional FRET-correlative light and electron microscopy (FRET-CLEM) revealed that intracellular seeding events occur preferentially on membrane surfaces, especially at mitochondrial membranes. The mitochondrial lipid cardiolipin triggers rapid oligomerization of A53T α-Syn, and cardiolipin is sequestered within aggregating lipid-protein complexes. Mitochondrial aggregates impair complex I activity and increase mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, which accelerates the oligomerization of A53T α-Syn and causes permeabilization of mitochondrial membranes and cell death. These processes were also observed in induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived neurons harboring A53T mutations from patients with PD. Our study highlights a mechanism of de novo α-Syn oligomerization at mitochondrial membranes and subsequent neuronal toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minee L Choi
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK
- The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, USA
| | | | - Bhanu P Singh
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- School of Physics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | | | - Margarida Rodrigues
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Dementia Research institute at University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Evgeniya I Fedotova
- Institute of Cell Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Russia
- Cell Physiology and Pathology Laboratory, Orel State University, Orel, Russia
| | - Alexey V Berezhnov
- Institute of Cell Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Russia
- Cell Physiology and Pathology Laboratory, Orel State University, Orel, Russia
| | - Suman De
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Dementia Research institute at University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Dilan Athauda
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK
- The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Gurvir S Virdi
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK
- The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, USA
| | - Weijia Zhang
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK
- The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - James R Evans
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK
- The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, USA
| | - Anna I Wernick
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK
- The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, USA
| | - Zeinab Shadman Zanjani
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK
- The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, USA
| | - Plamena R Angelova
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Noemi Esteras
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Andrey Y Vinokurov
- Cell Physiology and Pathology Laboratory, Orel State University, Orel, Russia
| | - Katie Morris
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Kiani Jeacock
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Laura Tosatto
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Istituto di Biofisica, National Council of Research, Trento, Italy
| | - Daniel Little
- MRC Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology, University College London, London, UK
- NIHR Great Ormond Street Hospital Biomedical Research Centre, London, UK
| | - Paul Gissen
- MRC Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology, University College London, London, UK
- NIHR Great Ormond Street Hospital Biomedical Research Centre, London, UK
| | - David J Clarke
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Tilo Kunath
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Stem Cell Research, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | | | - David Klenerman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Dementia Research institute at University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Andrey Y Abramov
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK.
- Cell Physiology and Pathology Laboratory, Orel State University, Orel, Russia.
| | - Mathew H Horrocks
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
| | - Sonia Gandhi
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK.
- The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK.
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, USA.
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Imbriani P, Martella G, Bonsi P, Pisani A. Oxidative stress and synaptic dysfunction in rodent models of Parkinson's disease. Neurobiol Dis 2022; 173:105851. [PMID: 36007757 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2022.105851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a multifactorial disorder involving a complex interplay between a variety of genetic and environmental factors. In this scenario, mitochondrial impairment and oxidative stress are widely accepted as crucial neuropathogenic mechanisms, as also evidenced by the identification of PD-associated genes that are directly involved in mitochondrial function. The concept of mitochondrial dysfunction is closely linked to that of synaptic dysfunction. Indeed, compelling evidence supports the role of mitochondria in synaptic transmission and plasticity, although many aspects have not yet been fully elucidated. Here, we will provide a brief overview of the most relevant evidence obtained in different neurotoxin-based and genetic rodent models of PD, focusing on mitochondrial impairment and synaptopathy, an early central event preceding overt nigrostriatal neurodegeneration. The identification of early deficits occurring in PD pathogenesis is crucial in view of the development of potential disease-modifying therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Imbriani
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology and Plasticity, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Martella
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology and Plasticity, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Bonsi
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology and Plasticity, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Pisani
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy; IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy.
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Gao XY, Yang T, Gu Y, Sun XH. Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Parkinson’s Disease: From Mechanistic Insights to Therapy. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:885500. [PMID: 35795234 PMCID: PMC9250984 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.885500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is one of the most common neurodegenerative movement disorders worldwide. There are currently no cures or preventative treatments for PD. Emerging evidence indicates that mitochondrial dysfunction is closely associated with pathogenesis of sporadic and familial PD. Because dopaminergic neurons have high energy demand, cells affected by PD exhibit mitochondrial dysfunction that promotes the disease-defining the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc). The mitochondrion has a particularly important role as the cellular “powerhouse” of dopaminergic neurons. Therefore, mitochondria have become a promising therapeutic target for PD treatments. This review aims to describe mitochondrial dysfunction in the pathology of PD, outline the genes associated with familial PD and the factors related to sporadic PD, summarize current knowledge on mitochondrial quality control in PD, and give an overview of therapeutic strategies for targeting mitochondria in neuroprotective interventions in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yan Gao
- Department of Neurology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Science Experiment Center, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Tuo Yang
- Department of Neurology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Ying Gu
- Department of Neurology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiao-Hong Sun
- Department of Neurology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Science Experiment Center, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- *Correspondence: Xiao-Hong Sun,
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35
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Coelho P, Fão L, Mota S, Rego AC. Mitochondrial function and dynamics in neural stem cells and neurogenesis: Implications for neurodegenerative diseases. Ageing Res Rev 2022; 80:101667. [PMID: 35714855 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2022.101667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria have been largely described as the powerhouse of the cell and recent findings demonstrate that this organelle is fundamental for neurogenesis. The mechanisms underlying neural stem cells (NSCs) maintenance and differentiation are highly regulated by both intrinsic and extrinsic factors. Mitochondrial-mediated switch from glycolysis to oxidative phosphorylation, accompanied by mitochondrial remodeling and dynamics are vital to NSCs fate. Deregulation of mitochondrial proteins, mitochondrial DNA, function, fission/fusion and metabolism underly several neurodegenerative diseases; data show that these impairments are already present in early developmental stages and NSC fate decisions. However, little is known about mitochondrial role in neurogenesis. In this Review, we describe the recent evidence covering mitochondrial role in neurogenesis, its impact in selected neurodegenerative diseases, for which aging is the major risk factor, and the recent advances in stem cell-based therapies that may alleviate neurodegenerative disorders-related neuronal deregulation through improvement of mitochondrial function and dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrícia Coelho
- CNC, Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra Polo 1, Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - Lígia Fão
- CNC, Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra Polo 1, Coimbra, Portugal; FMUC- Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra Polo 3, Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - Sandra Mota
- CNC, Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra Polo 1, Coimbra, Portugal; III, Institute of Interdisciplinary Research, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - A Cristina Rego
- CNC, Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra Polo 1, Coimbra, Portugal; FMUC- Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra Polo 3, Coimbra, Portugal.
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36
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Venkatesan D, Iyer M, S RW, Narayanasamy A, Kamalakannan S, Valsala Gopalakrishnan A, Vellingiri B. Genotypic-Phenotypic Analysis, Metabolic Profiling and Clinical Correlations in Parkinson's Disease Patients from Tamil Nadu Population, India. J Mol Neurosci 2022; 72:1724-1737. [PMID: 35676593 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-022-02028-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is an ageing disorder caused by dopaminergic neuron depletion with age. Growing research in the field of metabolomics is expected to play a major role in PD diagnosis, prognosis and therapeutic development. In this study, we looked at how SNCA and GBA1 gene mutations, as well as metabolomic abnormalities of kynurenine and cholesterol metabolites, were linked to alpha-synuclein (α-syn) and clinical characteristics in three different PD age groups. In all three age groups, a metabolomics analysis revealed an increased amount of 27-hydroxycholesterol (27-OHC) and a lower level of kynurenic acid (KYNA). The effect of 27-OHC on SNCA and GBA1 modifications was shown to be significant (P < 0.05) only in the A53T variant of the SNCA gene in late-onset and early-onset PD groups, whereas GBA1 variants were not. Based on the findings, we observed that the increase in 27-OHC would have elevated α-syn expression, which triggered the changes in the SNCA gene but not in the GBA1 gene. Missense variations in the SNCA and GBA1 genes were investigated using the sequencing technique. SNCA mutation A53T has been linked to increased PD symptoms, but there is no phenotypic link between GBA1 and PD. As a result of the data, we hypothesise that cholesterol and kynurenine metabolites play an important role in PD, with the metabolite 27-OHC potentially serving as a PD biomarker. These findings will aid in the investigation of pathogenic causes as well as the development of therapeutic and preventative measures for PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhivya Venkatesan
- Human Molecular Cytogenetics and Stem Cell Laboratory, Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641 046, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Mahalaxmi Iyer
- Livestock Farming, & Bioresources Technology, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Robert Wilson S
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, SRM University, Kattankulathur, 603 203, Kancheepuram District, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Arul Narayanasamy
- Disease Proteomic Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641 046, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Siva Kamalakannan
- Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, National Centre for Disease Control, Civil Line, 22-Sham Nath Marg, Delhi, 110054, India
| | - Abilash Valsala Gopalakrishnan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Tamil Nadu, Vellore, 632 014, India
| | - Balachandar Vellingiri
- Human Molecular Cytogenetics and Stem Cell Laboratory, Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641 046, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Bose A, Petsko GA, Studer L. Induced pluripotent stem cells: a tool for modeling Parkinson's disease. Trends Neurosci 2022; 45:608-620. [PMID: 35667922 PMCID: PMC9576003 DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2022.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most prevalent neurodegenerative disorder. Among its pathologies, progressive loss of dopaminergic (DA) neurons in the substantia nigra is characteristic and contributes to many of the most severe symptoms of PD. Recent advances in induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) technology have made it possible to generate patient-derived DA neuronal cell culture and organoid models of PD. These models have contributed to understanding disease mechanisms and the identification of novel targets and therapeutic candidates. Still needed are better ways to model the age-related aspects of PD, as well as a deeper understanding of the interactions among disease-modifying genes and between genetic and environmental contributions to the etiology and progression of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anindita Bose
- Ann Romney Institute of Neurological Diseases, Harvard Medical School/Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; The Center for Stem Cell Biology, Developmental Biology Program, Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer Research, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Gregory A Petsko
- Ann Romney Institute of Neurological Diseases, Harvard Medical School/Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; The Center for Stem Cell Biology, Developmental Biology Program, Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer Research, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lorenz Studer
- The Center for Stem Cell Biology, Developmental Biology Program, Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer Research, New York, NY, USA
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38
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Lang M, Grünewald A, Pramstaller PP, Hicks AA, Pichler I. A genome on shaky ground: exploring the impact of mitochondrial DNA integrity on Parkinson's disease by highlighting the use of cybrid models. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:283. [PMID: 35513611 PMCID: PMC9072496 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04304-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria play important roles in the regulation of key cellular processes, including energy metabolism, oxidative stress response, and signaling towards cell death or survival, and are distinguished by carrying their own genome (mtDNA). Mitochondrial dysfunction has emerged as a prominent cellular mechanism involved in neurodegeneration, including Parkinson’s disease (PD), a neurodegenerative movement disorder, characterized by progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons and the occurrence of proteinaceous Lewy body inclusions. The contribution of mtDNA variants to PD pathogenesis has long been debated and is still not clearly answered. Cytoplasmic hybrid (cybrid) cell models provided evidence for a contribution of mtDNA variants to the PD phenotype. However, conclusive evidence of mtDNA mutations as genetic cause of PD is still lacking. Several models have shown a role of somatic, rather than inherited mtDNA variants in the impairment of mitochondrial function and neurodegeneration. Accordingly, several nuclear genes driving inherited forms of PD are linked to mtDNA quality control mechanisms, and idiopathic as well as familial PD tissues present increased mtDNA damage. In this review, we highlight the use of cybrids in this PD research field and summarize various aspects of how and to what extent mtDNA variants may contribute to the etiology of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Lang
- Institute for Biomedicine, Eurac Research, Affiliated Institute of the University of Lübeck, Bolzano, Italy.
| | - Anne Grünewald
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, L-4362, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Peter P Pramstaller
- Institute for Biomedicine, Eurac Research, Affiliated Institute of the University of Lübeck, Bolzano, Italy.,Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Andrew A Hicks
- Institute for Biomedicine, Eurac Research, Affiliated Institute of the University of Lübeck, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Irene Pichler
- Institute for Biomedicine, Eurac Research, Affiliated Institute of the University of Lübeck, Bolzano, Italy.
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39
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Burtscher J, Romani M, Bernardo G, Popa T, Ziviani E, Hummel FC, Sorrentino V, Millet GP. Boosting mitochondrial health to counteract neurodegeneration. Prog Neurobiol 2022; 215:102289. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2022.102289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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40
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Ondaro J, Hernandez-Eguiazu H, Garciandia-Arcelus M, Loera-Valencia R, Rodriguez-Gómez L, Jiménez-Zúñiga A, Goikolea J, Rodriguez-Rodriguez P, Ruiz-Martinez J, Moreno F, Lopez de Munain A, Holt IJ, Gil-Bea FJ, Gereñu G. Defects of Nutrient Signaling and Autophagy in Neurodegeneration. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:836196. [PMID: 35419363 PMCID: PMC8996160 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.836196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurons are post-mitotic cells that allocate huge amounts of energy to the synthesis of new organelles and molecules, neurotransmission and to the maintenance of redox homeostasis. In neurons, autophagy is not only crucial to ensure organelle renewal but it is also essential to balance nutritional needs through the mobilization of internal energy stores. A delicate crosstalk between the pathways that sense nutritional status of the cell and the autophagic processes to recycle organelles and macronutrients is fundamental to guarantee the proper functioning of the neuron in times of energy scarcity. This review provides a detailed overview of the pathways and processes involved in the balance of cellular energy mediated by autophagy, which when defective, precipitate the neurodegenerative cascade of Parkinson’s disease, frontotemporal dementia, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis or Alzheimer’s disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jon Ondaro
- Department of Neuroscience, Biodonostia Health Research Institute (IIS Biodonostia), San Sebastian, Spain.,Center for Biomedical Research of Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Haizea Hernandez-Eguiazu
- Department of Neuroscience, Biodonostia Health Research Institute (IIS Biodonostia), San Sebastian, Spain.,Center for Biomedical Research of Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Maddi Garciandia-Arcelus
- Department of Neuroscience, Biodonostia Health Research Institute (IIS Biodonostia), San Sebastian, Spain.,Center for Biomedical Research of Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Raúl Loera-Valencia
- Department of Neurology, Care Sciences and Society, Center for Alzheimer Research, Karolinska Institutet (KI), Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Laura Rodriguez-Gómez
- Department of Neuroscience, Biodonostia Health Research Institute (IIS Biodonostia), San Sebastian, Spain.,Center for Biomedical Research of Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Andrés Jiménez-Zúñiga
- Department of Neuroscience, Biodonostia Health Research Institute (IIS Biodonostia), San Sebastian, Spain.,Center for Biomedical Research of Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Julen Goikolea
- Department of Neurology, Care Sciences and Society, Center for Alzheimer Research, Karolinska Institutet (KI), Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Patricia Rodriguez-Rodriguez
- Department of Neurology, Care Sciences and Society, Center for Alzheimer Research, Karolinska Institutet (KI), Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Javier Ruiz-Martinez
- Department of Neuroscience, Biodonostia Health Research Institute (IIS Biodonostia), San Sebastian, Spain.,Center for Biomedical Research of Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain.,Donostia University Hospital, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Fermín Moreno
- Department of Neuroscience, Biodonostia Health Research Institute (IIS Biodonostia), San Sebastian, Spain.,Center for Biomedical Research of Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain.,Donostia University Hospital, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Adolfo Lopez de Munain
- Department of Neuroscience, Biodonostia Health Research Institute (IIS Biodonostia), San Sebastian, Spain.,Center for Biomedical Research of Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain.,Donostia University Hospital, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Ian James Holt
- Department of Neuroscience, Biodonostia Health Research Institute (IIS Biodonostia), San Sebastian, Spain.,Center for Biomedical Research of Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain.,Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, Queen Square Institute of Neurology, Faculty of Brain Sciences, University College London, London, United Kingdom.,IKERBASQUE Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Francisco Javier Gil-Bea
- Department of Neuroscience, Biodonostia Health Research Institute (IIS Biodonostia), San Sebastian, Spain.,Center for Biomedical Research of Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Gorka Gereñu
- Department of Neuroscience, Biodonostia Health Research Institute (IIS Biodonostia), San Sebastian, Spain.,Center for Biomedical Research of Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain.,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of Basque Country (UPV-EHU), Leioa, Spain
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41
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Vodičková A, Koren SA, Wojtovich AP. Site-specific mitochondrial dysfunction in neurodegeneration. Mitochondrion 2022; 64:1-18. [PMID: 35182728 PMCID: PMC9035127 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2022.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria are essential for neuronal survival and mitochondrial dysfunction is a hallmark of neurodegeneration. The loss in mitochondrial energy production, oxidative stress, and changes in calcium handling are associated with neurodegenerative diseases; however, different sites and types of mitochondrial dysfunction are linked to distinct neuropathologies. Understanding the causal or correlative relationship between changes in mitochondria and neuropathology will lead to new therapeutic strategies. Here, we summarize the evidence of site-specific mitochondrial dysfunction and mitochondrial-related clinical trials for neurodegenerative diseases. We further discuss potential therapeutic approaches, such as mitochondrial transplantation, restoration of mitochondrial function, and pharmacological alleviation of mitochondrial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anežka Vodičková
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA.
| | - Shon A Koren
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA.
| | - Andrew P Wojtovich
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA.
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42
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Spathopoulou A, Edenhofer F, Fellner L. Targeting α-Synuclein in Parkinson's Disease by Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell Models. Front Neurol 2022; 12:786835. [PMID: 35145469 PMCID: PMC8821105 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.786835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive, neurodegenerative disorder characterized by motor and non-motor symptoms. To date, no specific treatment to halt disease progression is available, only medication to alleviate symptoms can be prescribed. The main pathological hallmark of PD is the development of neuronal inclusions, positive for α-synuclein (α-syn), which are termed Lewy bodies (LBs) or Lewy neurites. However, the cause of the inclusion formation and the loss of neurons remain largely elusive. Various genetic determinants were reported to be involved in PD etiology, including SNCA, DJ-1, PRKN, PINK1, LRRK2, and GBA. Comprehensive insights into pathophysiology of PD critically depend on appropriate models. However, conventional model organisms fall short to faithfully recapitulate some features of this complex disease and as a matter-of-fact access to physiological tissue is limiting. The development of disease models replicating PD that are close to human physiology and dynamic enough to analyze the underlying molecular mechanisms of disease initiation and progression, as well as the generation of new treatment options, is an important and overdue step. Recently, the establishment of induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived neural models, particularly from genetic PD-variants, developed into a promising strategy to investigate the molecular mechanisms regarding formation of inclusions and neurodegeneration. As these iPSC-derived neurons can be generated from accessible biopsied samples of PD patients, they carry pathological alterations and enable the possibility to analyze the differences compared to healthy neurons. This review focuses on iPSC models carrying genetic PD-variants of α-syn that will be especially helpful in elucidating the pathophysiological mechanisms of PD. Furthermore, we discuss how iPSC models can be instrumental in identifying cellular targets, potentially leading to the development of new therapeutic treatments. We will outline the enormous potential, but also discuss the limitations of iPSC-based α-syn models.
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43
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Patient-Specific iPSCs-Based Models of Neurodegenerative Diseases: Focus on Aberrant Calcium Signaling. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23020624. [PMID: 35054808 PMCID: PMC8776084 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23020624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of cell reprogramming technologies became a breakthrough in the creation of new models of human diseases, including neurodegenerative pathologies. The iPSCs-based models allow for the studying of both hereditary and sporadic cases of pathologies and produce deep insight into the molecular mechanisms underlying neurodegeneration. The use of the cells most vulnerable to a particular pathology makes it possible to identify specific pathological mechanisms and greatly facilitates the task of selecting the most effective drugs. To date, a large number of studies on patient-specific models of neurodegenerative diseases has been accumulated. In this review, we focused on the alterations of such a ubiquitous and important intracellular regulatory pathway as calcium signaling. Here, we reviewed and analyzed the data obtained from iPSCs-based models of different neurodegenerative disorders that demonstrated aberrant calcium signaling.
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Anantha J, Goulding SR, Tuboly E, O'Mahony AG, Moloney GM, Lomansey G, McCarthy CM, Collins LM, Sullivan AM, O'Keeffe GW. NME1 Protects Against Neurotoxin-, α-Synuclein- and LRRK2-Induced Neurite Degeneration in Cell Models of Parkinson's Disease. Mol Neurobiol 2022; 59:61-76. [PMID: 34623600 PMCID: PMC8786793 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-021-02569-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease characterised by the progressive degeneration of midbrain dopaminergic neurons, coupled with the intracellular accumulation of α-synuclein. Axonal degeneration is a central part of the pathology of PD. While the majority of PD cases are sporadic, some are genetic; the G2019S mutation in leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) is the most common genetic form. The application of neurotrophic factors to protect dopaminergic neurons is a proposed experimental therapy. One such neurotrophic factor is growth differentiation factor (GDF)5. GDF5 is a dopaminergic neurotrophic factor that has been shown to upregulate the expression of a protein called nucleoside diphosphate kinase A (NME1). However, whether NME1 is neuroprotective in cell models of axonal degeneration of relevance to PD is unknown. Here we show that treatment with NME1 can promote neurite growth in SH-SY5Y cells, and in cultured dopaminergic neurons treated with the neurotoxin 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA). Similar effects of NME1 were found in SH-SY5Y cells and dopaminergic neurons overexpressing human wild-type α-synuclein, and in stable SH-SY5Y cell lines carrying the G2019S LRRK2 mutation. We found that the effects of NME1 require the RORα/ROR2 receptors. Furthermore, increased NF-κB-dependent transcription was partially required for the neurite growth-promoting effects of NME1. Finally, a combined bioinformatics and biochemical analysis of the mitochondrial oxygen consumption rate revealed that NME1 enhanced mitochondrial function, which is known to be impaired in PD. These data show that recombinant NME1 is worthy of further study as a potential therapeutic agent for axonal protection in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayanth Anantha
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Susan R Goulding
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Eszter Tuboly
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Adam G O'Mahony
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Gerard M Moloney
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Gareth Lomansey
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Cathal M McCarthy
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Louise M Collins
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- Department of Physiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- Parkinson's Disease Research Cluster (PDRC), University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Aideen M Sullivan
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
- Parkinson's Disease Research Cluster (PDRC), University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
| | - Gerard W O'Keeffe
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
- Parkinson's Disease Research Cluster (PDRC), University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
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Mitochondrial Phenotypes in Parkinson's Diseases-A Focus on Human iPSC-Derived Dopaminergic Neurons. Cells 2021; 10:cells10123436. [PMID: 34943944 PMCID: PMC8699816 DOI: 10.3390/cells10123436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Established disease models have helped unravel the mechanistic underpinnings of pathological phenotypes in Parkinson’s disease (PD), the second most common neurodegenerative disorder. However, these discoveries have been limited to relatively simple cellular systems and animal models, which typically manifest with incomplete or imperfect recapitulation of disease phenotypes. The advent of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) has provided a powerful scientific tool for investigating the underlying molecular mechanisms of both familial and sporadic PD within disease-relevant cell types and patient-specific genetic backgrounds. Overwhelming evidence supports mitochondrial dysfunction as a central feature in PD pathophysiology, and iPSC-based neuronal models have expanded our understanding of mitochondrial dynamics in the development and progression of this devastating disorder. The present review provides a comprehensive assessment of mitochondrial phenotypes reported in iPSC-derived neurons generated from PD patients’ somatic cells, with an emphasis on the role of mitochondrial respiration, morphology, and trafficking, as well as mitophagy and calcium handling in health and disease. Furthermore, we summarize the distinguishing characteristics of vulnerable midbrain dopaminergic neurons in PD and report the unique advantages and challenges of iPSC disease modeling at present, and for future mechanistic and therapeutic applications.
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Mitochondrial dysfunction as a trigger of programmed axon death. Trends Neurosci 2021; 45:53-63. [PMID: 34852932 DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2021.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial failure has long been associated with programmed axon death (Wallerian degeneration, WD), a widespread and potentially preventable mechanism of axon degeneration. While early findings in axotomised axons indicated that mitochondria are involved during the execution steps of this pathway, recent studies suggest that in addition, mitochondrial dysfunction can initiate programmed axon death without physical injury. As mitochondrial dysfunction is associated with disorders involving early axon loss, including Parkinson's disease, peripheral neuropathies, and multiple sclerosis, the findings that programmed axon death is activated by mitochondrial impairment could indicate the involvement of druggable mechanisms whose disruption may protect axons in such diseases. Here, we review the latest developments linking mitochondrial dysfunction to programmed axon death and discuss their implications for injury and disease.
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Sgt1 Regulates α-Synuclein Subcellular Localization and Expression of Parkinson's Disease Related Genes, PINK1 and PARK9. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11111675. [PMID: 34827672 PMCID: PMC8615725 DOI: 10.3390/biom11111675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The SGT1 protein is highly expressed in the mammalian brain, particularly in neurons of the hippocampus and cortex, and in Purkinje cells of the cerebellum. There are literature data indicating that the protein may be involved in pathogenesis of neurodegenerative disorders such as Parkinson’s disease (PD). In the present work we have found that SGT1 protected cells from the toxicity of rotenone, an agent that evokes behavioral and histopathological symptoms of PD. To gain more insight into the possible mechanism underlying the protective action of SGT1 we looked at α-synuclein subcellular distribution in HEK293 cells with an altered SGT1 level. By immunofluorescent staining we have found that in HEK293 cells overexpressing SGT1 α-synuclein was mainly localized in the cytoplasm while in control cells it was present in the nucleus. Accordingly, when SGT1 expression was silenced, α-synuclein was predominantly present in the nucleus. These results were then confirmed by subcellular fractionation and Western blot analysis. Moreover, we have found that altered level of SGT1 in HEK293 cells influenced the expression of PD related genes, PINK1 and PARK9. Altogether, our results point to SGT1 as an important factor that might be involved in the pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease (PD).
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Integration of functional genomics data to uncover cell type-specific pathways affected in Parkinson's disease. Biochem Soc Trans 2021; 49:2091-2100. [PMID: 34581766 PMCID: PMC8589426 DOI: 10.1042/bst20210128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most prevalent late-onset neurodegenerative disorder worldwide after Alzheimer's disease for which available drugs only deliver temporary symptomatic relief. Loss of dopaminergic neurons (DaNs) in the substantia nigra and intracellular alpha-synuclein inclusions are the main hallmarks of the disease but the events that cause this degeneration remain uncertain. Despite cell types other than DaNs such as astrocytes, microglia and oligodendrocytes have been recently associated with the pathogenesis of PD, we still lack an in-depth characterisation of PD-affected brain regions at cell-type resolution that could help our understanding of the disease mechanisms. Nevertheless, publicly available large-scale brain-specific genomic, transcriptomic and epigenomic datasets can be further exploited to extract different layers of cell type-specific biological information for the reconstruction of cell type-specific transcriptional regulatory networks. By intersecting disease risk variants within the networks, it may be possible to study the functional role of these risk variants and their combined effects at cell type- and pathway levels, that, in turn, can facilitate the identification of key regulators involved in disease progression, which are often potential therapeutic targets.
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49
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Mohamed NV, Sirois J, Ramamurthy J, Mathur M, Lépine P, Deneault E, Maussion G, Nicouleau M, Chen CXQ, Abdian N, Soubannier V, Cai E, Nami H, Thomas RA, Wen D, Tabatabaei M, Beitel LK, Singh Dolt K, Karamchandani J, Stratton JA, Kunath T, Fon EA, Durcan TM. Midbrain organoids with an SNCA gene triplication model key features of synucleinopathy. Brain Commun 2021; 3:fcab223. [PMID: 34632384 PMCID: PMC8495137 DOI: 10.1093/braincomms/fcab223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
SNCA, the first gene associated with Parkinson's disease, encodes the α-synuclein protein, the predominant component within pathological inclusions termed Lewy bodies. The presence of Lewy bodies is one of the classical hallmarks found in the brain of patients with Parkinson's disease, and Lewy bodies have also been observed in patients with other synucleinopathies. However, the study of α-synuclein pathology in cells has relied largely on two-dimensional culture models, which typically lack the cellular diversity and complex spatial environment found in the brain. Here, to address this gap, we use three-dimensional midbrain organoids, differentiated from human-induced pluripotent stem cells derived from patients carrying a triplication of the SNCA gene and from CRISPR/Cas9 corrected isogenic control iPSCs. These human midbrain organoids recapitulate key features of α-synuclein pathology observed in the brains of patients with synucleinopathies. In particular, we find that SNCA triplication human midbrain organoids express elevated levels of α-synuclein and exhibit an age-dependent increase in α-synuclein aggregation, manifested by the presence of both oligomeric and phosphorylated forms of α-synuclein. These phosphorylated α-synuclein aggregates were found in both neurons and glial cells and their time-dependent accumulation correlated with a selective reduction in dopaminergic neuron numbers. Thus, human midbrain organoids from patients carrying SNCA gene multiplication can reliably model key pathological features of Parkinson's disease and provide a powerful system to study the pathogenesis of synucleinopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nguyen-Vi Mohamed
- Early Drug Discovery Unit (EDDU), Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Julien Sirois
- Early Drug Discovery Unit (EDDU), Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Janani Ramamurthy
- Early Drug Discovery Unit (EDDU), Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Meghna Mathur
- Early Drug Discovery Unit (EDDU), Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Paula Lépine
- Early Drug Discovery Unit (EDDU), Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Eric Deneault
- Early Drug Discovery Unit (EDDU), Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Gilles Maussion
- Early Drug Discovery Unit (EDDU), Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Michael Nicouleau
- Early Drug Discovery Unit (EDDU), Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Carol X-Q Chen
- Early Drug Discovery Unit (EDDU), Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Narges Abdian
- Early Drug Discovery Unit (EDDU), Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Vincent Soubannier
- Early Drug Discovery Unit (EDDU), Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Eddie Cai
- Early Drug Discovery Unit (EDDU), Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Harris Nami
- Early Drug Discovery Unit (EDDU), Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Rhalena A Thomas
- Early Drug Discovery Unit (EDDU), Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Dingke Wen
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610063, China
| | - Mahdieh Tabatabaei
- Early Drug Discovery Unit (EDDU), Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2B4, Canada.,C-BIG Biorepository (C-BIG), Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Lenore K Beitel
- Early Drug Discovery Unit (EDDU), Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Karamjit Singh Dolt
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4UU, UK
| | - Jason Karamchandani
- Early Drug Discovery Unit (EDDU), Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2B4, Canada.,C-BIG Biorepository (C-BIG), Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Jo Anne Stratton
- Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Tilo Kunath
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4UU, UK
| | - Edward A Fon
- Early Drug Discovery Unit (EDDU), Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Thomas M Durcan
- Early Drug Discovery Unit (EDDU), Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2B4, Canada
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Fernandes HJR, Patikas N, Foskolou S, Field SF, Park JE, Byrne ML, Bassett AR, Metzakopian E. Single-Cell Transcriptomics of Parkinson's Disease Human In Vitro Models Reveals Dopamine Neuron-Specific Stress Responses. Cell Rep 2021; 33:108263. [PMID: 33053338 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.108263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Revised: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The advent of induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived neurons has revolutionized Parkinson's disease (PD) research, but single-cell transcriptomic analysis suggests unresolved cellular heterogeneity within these models. Here, we perform the largest single-cell transcriptomic study of human iPSC-derived dopaminergic neurons to elucidate gene expression dynamics in response to cytotoxic and genetic stressors. We identify multiple neuronal subtypes with transcriptionally distinct profiles and differential sensitivity to stress, highlighting cellular heterogeneity in dopamine in vitro models. We validate this disease model by showing robust expression of PD GWAS genes and overlap with postmortem adult substantia nigra neurons. Importantly, stress signatures are ameliorated using felodipine, an FDA-approved drug. Using isogenic SNCA-A53T mutants, we find perturbations in glycolysis, cholesterol metabolism, synaptic signaling, and ubiquitin-proteasomal degradation. Overall, our study reveals cell type-specific perturbations in human dopamine neurons, which will further our understanding of PD and have implications for cell replacement therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugo J R Fernandes
- UK Dementia Research Institute, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0AH, UK; Open Targets, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Nikolaos Patikas
- UK Dementia Research Institute, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0AH, UK
| | - Stefanie Foskolou
- UK Dementia Research Institute, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0AH, UK; Open Targets, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Sarah F Field
- UK Dementia Research Institute, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0AH, UK
| | - Jong-Eun Park
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, UK; Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Meg L Byrne
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Andrew R Bassett
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Emmanouil Metzakopian
- UK Dementia Research Institute, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0AH, UK.
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