1
|
Ulutekin C, Galli E, Schreiner B, Khademi M, Callegari I, Piehl F, Sanderson N, Kirschenbaum D, Mundt S, Filippi M, Furlan R, Olsson T, Derfuss T, Ingelfinger F, Becher B. B cell depletion attenuates CD27 signaling of T helper cells in multiple sclerosis. Cell Rep Med 2024; 5:101351. [PMID: 38134930 PMCID: PMC10829729 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2023.101351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease of the central nervous system. Whereas T cells are likely the main drivers of disease development, the striking efficacy of B cell-depleting therapies (BCDTs) underscore B cells' involvement in disease progression. How B cells contribute to multiple sclerosis (MS) pathogenesis-and consequently the precise mechanism of action of BCDTs-remains elusive. Here, we analyze the impact of BCDTs on the immune landscape in patients with MS using high-dimensional single-cell immunophenotyping. Algorithm-guided analysis reveals a decrease in circulating T follicular helper-like (Tfh-like) cells alongside increases in CD27 expression in memory T helper cells and Tfh-like cells. Elevated CD27 indicates disrupted CD27/CD70 signaling, as sustained CD27 activation in T cells leads to its cleavage. Immunohistological analysis shows CD70-expressing B cells at MS lesion sites. These results suggest that the efficacy of BCDTs may partly hinge upon the disruption of Th cell and B cell interactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Can Ulutekin
- Institute of Experimental Immunology, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Edoardo Galli
- Institute of Experimental Immunology, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland; Multiple Sclerosis Center, Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic, Department of Biomedicine and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Petersgraben 4, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Bettina Schreiner
- Institute of Experimental Immunology, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland; Department of Neurology, University Hospital Zurich, Rämistrasse 100, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Mohsen Khademi
- Neuroimmunology Unit, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Visionsgatan 18A, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ilaria Callegari
- Multiple Sclerosis Center, Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic, Department of Biomedicine and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Petersgraben 4, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Fredrik Piehl
- Neuroimmunology Unit, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Visionsgatan 18A, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Nicholas Sanderson
- Multiple Sclerosis Center, Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic, Department of Biomedicine and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Petersgraben 4, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Kirschenbaum
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Schmelzbergstrasse 12, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sarah Mundt
- Institute of Experimental Immunology, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Massimo Filippi
- Neurology Unit, Neurorehabilitation Unit, Neurophysiology Service, and Neuroimaging Research Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Via Olgettina n. 60 - 20132, Italy; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Via Olgettina n. 60 - 20132, Italy
| | - Roberto Furlan
- Clinical Neuroimmunology Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina n. 60 - 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Tomas Olsson
- Neuroimmunology Unit, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Visionsgatan 18A, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tobias Derfuss
- Multiple Sclerosis Center, Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic, Department of Biomedicine and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Petersgraben 4, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Florian Ingelfinger
- Institute of Experimental Immunology, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Burkhard Becher
- Institute of Experimental Immunology, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Santosh Nirmala S, Kayani K, Gliwiński M, Hu Y, Iwaszkiewicz-Grześ D, Piotrowska-Mieczkowska M, Sakowska J, Tomaszewicz M, Marín Morales JM, Lakshmi K, Marek-Trzonkowska NM, Trzonkowski P, Oo YH, Fuchs A. Beyond FOXP3: a 20-year journey unravelling human regulatory T-cell heterogeneity. Front Immunol 2024; 14:1321228. [PMID: 38283365 PMCID: PMC10811018 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1321228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
The initial idea of a distinct group of T-cells responsible for suppressing immune responses was first postulated half a century ago. However, it is only in the last three decades that we have identified what we now term regulatory T-cells (Tregs), and subsequently elucidated and crystallized our understanding of them. Human Tregs have emerged as essential to immune tolerance and the prevention of autoimmune diseases and are typically contemporaneously characterized by their CD3+CD4+CD25high CD127lowFOXP3+ phenotype. It is important to note that FOXP3+ Tregs exhibit substantial diversity in their origin, phenotypic characteristics, and function. Identifying reliable markers is crucial to the accurate identification, quantification, and assessment of Tregs in health and disease, as well as the enrichment and expansion of viable cells for adoptive cell therapy. In our comprehensive review, we address the contributions of various markers identified in the last two decades since the master transcriptional factor FOXP3 was identified in establishing and enriching purity, lineage stability, tissue homing and suppressive proficiency in CD4+ Tregs. Additionally, our review delves into recent breakthroughs in innovative Treg-based therapies, underscoring the significance of distinct markers in their therapeutic utilization. Understanding Treg subsets holds the key to effectively harnessing human Tregs for immunotherapeutic approaches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Kayani Kayani
- Centre for Liver and Gastrointestinal Research and National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre, Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- Department of Academic Surgery, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- Department of Renal Surgery, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Mateusz Gliwiński
- Department of Medical Immunology, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Yueyuan Hu
- Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden, Technical University Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | | | | | - Justyna Sakowska
- Department of Medical Immunology, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Martyna Tomaszewicz
- Department of Medical Immunology, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | | | - Kavitha Lakshmi
- Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden, Technical University Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | | | - Piotr Trzonkowski
- Department of Medical Immunology, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Ye Htun Oo
- Centre for Liver and Gastrointestinal Research and National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre, Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- Liver Transplant and Hepatobiliary Unit, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- Birmingham Advanced Cellular Therapy Facility, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- Centre for Rare Diseases, European Reference Network - Rare Liver Centre, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Anke Fuchs
- Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden, Technical University Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Steele H, Cheng J, Willicut A, Dell G, Breckenridge J, Culberson E, Ghastine A, Tardif V, Herro R. TNF superfamily control of tissue remodeling and fibrosis. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1219907. [PMID: 37465675 PMCID: PMC10351606 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1219907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Fibrosis is the result of extracellular matrix protein deposition and remains a leading cause of death in USA. Despite major advances in recent years, there remains an unmet need to develop therapeutic options that can effectively degrade or reverse fibrosis. The tumor necrosis super family (TNFSF) members, previously studied for their roles in inflammation and cell death, now represent attractive therapeutic targets for fibrotic diseases. In this review, we will summarize select TNFSF and their involvement in fibrosis of the lungs, the heart, the skin, the gastrointestinal tract, the kidney, and the liver. We will emphasize their direct activity on epithelial cells, fibroblasts, and smooth muscle cells. We will further report on major clinical trials targeting these ligands. Whether in isolation or in combination with other anti-TNFSF member or treatment, targeting this superfamily remains key to improve efficacy and selectivity of currently available therapies for fibrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hope Steele
- Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States
- University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Jason Cheng
- Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Ashley Willicut
- University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Garrison Dell
- Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States
- University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Joey Breckenridge
- Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States
- University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Erica Culberson
- University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Andrew Ghastine
- Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Virginie Tardif
- Normandy University, UniRouen, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), UMR1096 (EnVI Laboratory), Rouen, France
| | - Rana Herro
- Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Yang L, Sun L, Cao Y, Wang Q, Song A, Zhu R, Liu W, Lu S. MULT1-Encoding DNA Alleviates Schistosomiasis-Associated Hepatic Fibrosis via Modulating Cellular Immune Response. J Inflamm Res 2022; 15:4027-4045. [PMID: 35873385 PMCID: PMC9301018 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s354224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose In schistosomiasis-associated hepatic fibrosis, the role of murine UL16-binding protein-like transcript 1 (MULT1), the strongest ligand of natural killer group 2-member D receptor (NKG2D), remains unclear. Here, Schistosoma japonicum-infected mice administered with MULT1-encoding DNA were used to test MULT1 as a potential therapy for schistosomiasis-associated hepatic fibrosis and explore relevant mechanisms. Materials and Methods A recombinant plasmid encoding MULT1 (p-rMULT1) was constructed and administered to Schistosoma japonicum-infected BALB/c mice via hydrodynamic tail vein injection. Egg granulomas in liver, hepatic fibrosis biomarkers and levels of cytokines were investigated. Comparisons of CD4+ T, CD8+ T, NK and NKT proportions as well as their phenotype were performed not only between Schistosoma infected, p-rMULT1 treated group and Schistosoma infected, backbone plasmid pEGFP-N1 treated group but also between infected, nontreated group and health control group. Results Reduced area of granuloma formation and fibrosis around single eggs, downregulated expression of collagen I, α-smooth muscle actin, TGF-β and IL-10, and upregulated expression of IFN-γ, were observed in the livers of p-rMULT1 treated mice. p-rMULT1 treatment improved Schistosoma infection impacted immune microenvironment by modulating proportion of CD4+ T CD8+ T, natural killer (NK) and NKT cells, enhancing expression of NKG2D, in lymphocytes, and augmenting IFN-γ secretion by CD4+ T, CD8+ T, NK and NKT cells, as well as partially reversing some other phenotype changes of lymphocytes. Conclusion To the best of our knowledge, we provided the first in vivo evidence that MULT1 is a favorable anti-fibrosis factor in the context of schistosomiasis. The inhibitory effect of MULT1 overexpression on schistosomiasis associated with hepatic fibrosis may result from augmenting the proportion and function of NKG2D-expressing immune cells, and from enhancing NK- and T-cell activation, as well as regulating the helper T (Th)1/Th2 balance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lu Yang
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Sun
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yalan Cao
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.,Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Anni Song
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ru Zhu
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenqi Liu
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Shengjun Lu
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Schneider D, Xiong Y, Wu D, Hu P, Alabanza L, Steimle B, Mahmud H, Anthony-Gonda K, Krueger W, Zhu Z, Dimitrov DS, Orentas RJ, Dropulić B. Trispecific CD19-CD20-CD22-targeting duoCAR-T cells eliminate antigen-heterogeneous B cell tumors in preclinical models. Sci Transl Med 2021; 13:13/586/eabc6401. [PMID: 33762438 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abc6401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
A substantial number of patients with leukemia and lymphoma treated with anti-CD19 or anti-CD22 monoCAR-T cell therapy relapse because of antigen loss or down-regulation. We hypothesized that B cell tumor antigen escape may be overcome by a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) design that simultaneously targets three B cell leukemia antigens. We engineered trispecific duoCAR-T cells with lentiviral vectors encoding two CAR open reading frames that target CD19, CD20, and CD22. The duoCARs were composed of a CAR with a tandem CD19- and CD20-targeting binder, linked by the P2A self-cleaving peptide to a second CAR targeting CD22. Multiple combinations of intracellular T cell signaling motifs were evaluated. The most potent duoCAR architectures included those with ICOS, OX40, or CD27 signaling domains rather than those from CD28 or 4-1BB. We identified four optimal binder and signaling combinations that potently rejected xenografted leukemia and lymphoma tumors in vivo. Moreover, in mice bearing a mixture of B cell lymphoma lines composed of parental triple-positive cells, CD19-negative, CD20-negative, and CD22-negative variants, only the trispecific duoCAR-T cells rapidly and efficiently rejected the tumors. Each of the monoCAR-T cells failed to prevent tumor progression. Analysis of intracellular signaling profiles demonstrates that the distinct signaling of the intracellular domains used may contribute to these differential effects. Multispecific duoCAR-T cells are a promising strategy to prevent antigen loss-mediated relapse or the down-regulation of target antigen in patients with B cell malignancies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dina Schneider
- Lentigen, a Miltenyi Biotec Company, Gaithersburg, MD 20878, USA.
| | - Ying Xiong
- Lentigen, a Miltenyi Biotec Company, Gaithersburg, MD 20878, USA
| | - Darong Wu
- Lentigen, a Miltenyi Biotec Company, Gaithersburg, MD 20878, USA
| | - Peirong Hu
- Lentigen, a Miltenyi Biotec Company, Gaithersburg, MD 20878, USA
| | - Leah Alabanza
- Lentigen, a Miltenyi Biotec Company, Gaithersburg, MD 20878, USA
| | - Brittany Steimle
- Lentigen, a Miltenyi Biotec Company, Gaithersburg, MD 20878, USA
| | - Hasan Mahmud
- Lentigen, a Miltenyi Biotec Company, Gaithersburg, MD 20878, USA
| | | | - Winfried Krueger
- Lentigen, a Miltenyi Biotec Company, Gaithersburg, MD 20878, USA
| | - Zhongyu Zhu
- Lentigen, a Miltenyi Biotec Company, Gaithersburg, MD 20878, USA
| | | | - Rimas J Orentas
- Lentigen, a Miltenyi Biotec Company, Gaithersburg, MD 20878, USA
| | - Boro Dropulić
- Lentigen, a Miltenyi Biotec Company, Gaithersburg, MD 20878, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Thiemann M, Richards DM, Heinonen K, Kluge M, Marschall V, Merz C, Redondo Müller M, Schnyder T, Sefrin JP, Sykora J, Fricke H, Gieffers C, Hill O. A Single-Chain-Based Hexavalent CD27 Agonist Enhances T Cell Activation and Induces Anti-Tumor Immunity. Front Oncol 2018; 8:387. [PMID: 30298117 PMCID: PMC6160747 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2018.00387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Accepted: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 7 (TNFRSF7, CD27), expressed primarily by T cells, and its ligand CD27L (TNFSF7, CD70) provide co-stimulatory signals that boost T cell activation, differentiation, and survival. Agonistic stimulation of CD27 is therefore a promising therapeutic concept in immuno-oncology intended to boost and sustain T cell driven anti-tumor responses. Endogenous TNFSF/TNFRSF-based signal transmission is a structurally well-defined event that takes place during cell-to-cell-based contacts. It is well-established that the trimeric-trivalent TNFSF-receptor binding domain (TNFSF-RBD) exposed by the conducting cell and the resulting multi-trimer-based receptor clustering on the receiving cell are essential for agonistic signaling. Therefore, we have developed HERA-CD27L, a novel hexavalent TNF receptor agonist (HERA) targeting CD27 and mimicking the natural signaling concept. HERA-CD27L is composed of a trivalent but single-chain CD27L-receptor-binding-domain (scCD27L-RBD) fused to an IgG1 derived silenced Fc-domain serving as dimerization scaffold. The hexavalent agonist significantly boosted antigen-specific T cell responses while having no effect on non-specific T cells and was superior over stabilized recombinant trivalent CD27L. In addition, HERA-CD27L demonstrated potent single-agent anti-tumor efficacy in two different syngeneic tumor models, MC38-CEA and CT26wt. Furthermore, the combination of HERA-CD27L and an anti-PD-1 antibody showed additive anti-tumor effects highlighting the importance of both T cell activation and checkpoint inhibition in anti-tumor immunity. In this manuscript, we describe the development of HERA-CD27L, a true CD27 agonist with a clearly defined forward-signaling mechanism of action.
Collapse
|
7
|
Han X, Vesely MD. Stimulating T Cells Against Cancer With Agonist Immunostimulatory Monoclonal Antibodies. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2018; 342:1-25. [PMID: 30635089 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2018.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Elimination of cancer cells through antitumor immunity has been a long-sought after goal since Sir F. Macfarlane Burnet postulated the theory of immune surveillance against tumors in the 1950s. Finally, the use of immunotherapeutics against established cancer is becoming a reality in the past 5years. Most notable are the monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) directed against inhibitory T-cell receptors cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen-4 and programmed death-1. The next generation of mAbs targeting T cells is designed to stimulate costimulatory receptors on T cells. Here we review the recent progress on these immunostimulatory agonist antibodies against the costimulatory receptors CD137, GITR, OX40, and CD27.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xue Han
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Matthew D Vesely
- Department of Dermatology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Grant EJ, Nüssing S, Sant S, Clemens EB, Kedzierska K. The role of CD27 in anti-viral T-cell immunity. Curr Opin Virol 2017; 22:77-88. [PMID: 28086150 DOI: 10.1016/j.coviro.2016.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2016] [Revised: 12/05/2016] [Accepted: 12/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
CD27 is a co-stimulatory immune-checkpoint receptor, constitutively expressed on a broad range of T-cells (αβ and γδ), NK-cells and B-cells. Ligation of CD27 with CD70 results in potent co-stimulatory effects. In mice, co-stimulation of CD8+ T-cells through CD27 promotes immune activation and enhances primary, secondary, memory and recall responses towards viral infections. Limited in vitro human studies support mouse experiments and show that CD27 co-stimulation enhances antiviral T-cell immunity. Given the potent co-stimulatory effects of CD27, manipulating CD27 signalling is of interest for viral, autoimmune and anti-tumour immunotherapies. This review focuses on the role of CD27 co-stimulation in anti-viral T-cell immunity and discusses clinical studies utilising the CD27 co-stimulation pathway for anti-viral, anti-tumour and autoimmune immunotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emma J Grant
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne 3000, VIC, Australia; Institute of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Heath Park, Cardiff CF14 4XN, United Kingdom
| | - Simone Nüssing
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne 3000, VIC, Australia
| | - Sneha Sant
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne 3000, VIC, Australia
| | - E Bridie Clemens
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne 3000, VIC, Australia
| | - Katherine Kedzierska
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne 3000, VIC, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Marion T, Elbahesh H, Thomas PG, DeVincenzo JP, Webby R, Schughart K. Respiratory Mucosal Proteome Quantification in Human Influenza Infections. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0153674. [PMID: 27088501 PMCID: PMC4835085 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0153674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2015] [Accepted: 04/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Respiratory influenza virus infections represent a serious threat to human health. Underlying medical conditions and genetic make-up predispose some influenza patients to more severe forms of disease. To date, only a few studies have been performed in patients to correlate a selected group of cytokines and chemokines with influenza infection. Therefore, we evaluated the potential of a novel multiplex micro-proteomics technology, SOMAscan, to quantify proteins in the respiratory mucosa of influenza A and B infected individuals. The analysis included but was not limited to quantification of cytokines and chemokines detected in previous studies. SOMAscan quantified more than 1,000 secreted proteins in small nasal wash volumes from infected and healthy individuals. Our results illustrate the utility of micro-proteomic technology for analysis of proteins in small volumes of respiratory mucosal samples. Furthermore, when we compared nasal wash samples from influenza-infected patients with viral load ≥ 28 and increased IL-6 and CXCL10 to healthy controls, we identified 162 differentially-expressed proteins between the two groups. This number greatly exceeds the number of DEPs identified in previous studies in human influenza patients. Most of the identified proteins were associated with the host immune response to infection, and changes in protein levels of 151 of the DEPs were significantly correlated with viral load. Most important, SOMAscan identified differentially expressed proteins heretofore not associated with respiratory influenza infection in humans. Our study is the first report for the use of SOMAscan to screen nasal secretions. It establishes a precedent for micro-proteomic quantification of proteins that reflect ongoing response to respiratory infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tony Marion
- University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Biochemistry, Memphis, United States of America
| | - Husni Elbahesh
- University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Biochemistry, Memphis, United States of America
| | - Paul G. Thomas
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, United States of America
| | - John P. DeVincenzo
- University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Biochemistry, Memphis, United States of America
- University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Department of Pediatrics, Memphis, United States of America
- Children’s Foundation Research Center at Le Bonheur Children’s Hospital, Memphis, United States of America
| | - Richard Webby
- Department of Infectious Diseases, St Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, United States of America
| | - Klaus Schughart
- University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Biochemistry, Memphis, United States of America
- Department of Infection Genetics, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
- University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Wajant H. Principles of antibody-mediated TNF receptor activation. Cell Death Differ 2015; 22:1727-41. [PMID: 26292758 PMCID: PMC4648319 DOI: 10.1038/cdd.2015.109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2015] [Revised: 06/26/2015] [Accepted: 07/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
From the beginning of research on receptors of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor superfamily (TNFRSF), agonistic antibodies have been used to stimulate TNFRSF receptors in vitro and in vivo. Indeed, CD95, one of the first cloned TNFRSF receptors, was solely identified as the target of cell death-inducing antibodies. Early on, it became evident from in vitro studies that valency and Fcγ receptor (FcγR) binding of antibodies targeting TNFRSF receptors can be of crucial relevance for agonistic activity. TNFRSF receptor-specific antibodies of the IgM subclass and secondary cross-linked or aggregation prone dimeric antibodies typically display superior agonistic activity compared with dimeric antibodies. Likewise, anchoring of antibodies to cell surface-expressed FcγRs potentiate their ability to trigger TNFRSF receptor signaling. However, only recently has the relevance of oligomerization and FcγR binding for the in vivo activity of antibody-induced TNFRSF receptor activation been straightforwardly demonstrated in vivo. This review discusses the crucial role of oligomerization and/or FcγR binding for antibody-mediated TNFRSF receptor stimulation in light of current models of TNFRSF receptor activation and especially the overwhelming relevance of these issues for the rational development of therapeutic TNFRSF receptor-targeting antibodies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H Wajant
- Division of Molecular Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Control of murine cytomegalovirus infection by γδ T cells. PLoS Pathog 2015; 11:e1004481. [PMID: 25658831 PMCID: PMC4450058 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1004481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2013] [Accepted: 09/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Infections with cytomegalovirus (CMV) can cause severe disease in immunosuppressed patients and infected newborns. Innate as well as cellular and humoral adaptive immune effector functions contribute to the control of CMV in immunocompetent individuals. None of the innate or adaptive immune functions are essential for virus control, however. Expansion of γδ T cells has been observed during human CMV (HCMV) infection in the fetus and in transplant patients with HCMV reactivation but the protective function of γδ T cells under these conditions remains unclear. Here we show for murine CMV (MCMV) infections that mice that lack CD8 and CD4 αβ-T cells as well as B lymphocytes can control a MCMV infection that is lethal in RAG-1-/- mice lacking any T- and B-cells. γδ T cells, isolated from infected mice can kill MCMV infected target cells in vitro and, importantly, provide long-term protection in infected RAG-1-/- mice after adoptive transfer. γδ T cells in MCMV infected hosts undergo a prominent and long-lasting phenotypic change most compatible with the view that the majority of the γδ T cell population persists in an effector/memory state even after resolution of the acute phase of the infection. A clonotypically focused Vγ1 and Vγ2 repertoire was observed at later stages of the infection in the organs where MCMV persists. These findings add γδ T cells as yet another protective component to the anti-CMV immune response. Our data provide clear evidence that γδ T cells can provide an effective control mechanism of acute CMV infections, particularly when conventional adaptive immune mechanisms are insufficient or absent, like in transplant patient or in the developing immune system in utero. The findings have implications in the stem cell transplant setting, as antigen recognition by γδ T cells is not MHC-restricted and dual reactivity against CMV and tumors has been described. Cytomegalovirus is a clinically important pathogen. While infection in hosts with a functional immune system is usually asymptomatic, the virus can cause significant morbidity and mortality in individuals with an immature or suppressed immune system. The virus causes severe clinical complication in transplant recipients and congenital CMV infections are the most common infectious cause of neurological disorders in children. Multiple layers of innate and adoptive immunity are involved in the control of CMV and single deficiencies of one immune cell type can be compensated by other immune cells. Expansions of γδ T lymphocytes, which are regarded as innate-like cells with adaptive-like potential, have been shown to be associated with CMV infections in human transplant patients and neonates. Their role in protective immunity against CMV has been unclear, however. Here we show direct evidence in the murine CMV model (MCMV) that γδ T lymphocytes can provide protection against a lethal MCMV infection in the absence of any other cells of the adoptive immune system. Upon infection, γδ T lymphocytes undergo a significant expansion and a prominent and long-lasting phenotypic change. These findings have implications for the development of new cellular therapy regimens in CMV infections in the transplant setting that should be evaluated in the future.
Collapse
|
12
|
Marchingo JM, Kan A, Sutherland RM, Duffy KR, Wellard CJ, Belz GT, Lew AM, Dowling MR, Heinzel S, Hodgkin PD. T cell signaling. Antigen affinity, costimulation, and cytokine inputs sum linearly to amplify T cell expansion. Science 2014; 346:1123-7. [PMID: 25430770 DOI: 10.1126/science.1260044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 160] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
T cell responses are initiated by antigen and promoted by a range of costimulatory signals. Understanding how T cells integrate alternative signal combinations and make decisions affecting immune response strength or tolerance poses a considerable theoretical challenge. Here, we report that T cell receptor (TCR) and costimulatory signals imprint an early, cell-intrinsic, division fate, whereby cells effectively count through generations before returning automatically to a quiescent state. This autonomous program can be extended by cytokines. Signals from the TCR, costimulatory receptors, and cytokines add together using a linear division calculus, allowing the strength of a T cell response to be predicted from the sum of the underlying signal components. These data resolve a long-standing costimulation paradox and provide a quantitative paradigm for therapeutically manipulating immune response strength.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julia M Marchingo
- Division of Immunology, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia. Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Andrey Kan
- Division of Immunology, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia. Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Robyn M Sutherland
- Division of Immunology, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia. Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Ken R Duffy
- Hamilton Institute, National University of Ireland, Maynooth, Ireland
| | - Cameron J Wellard
- Division of Immunology, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia. Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Gabrielle T Belz
- Division of Immunology, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia. Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Andrew M Lew
- Division of Immunology, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia. Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Mark R Dowling
- Division of Immunology, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia. Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia. The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Susanne Heinzel
- Division of Immunology, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia. Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Philip D Hodgkin
- Division of Immunology, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia. Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
He LZ, Prostak N, Thomas LJ, Vitale L, Weidlick J, Crocker A, Pilsmaker CD, Round SM, Tutt A, Glennie MJ, Marsh H, Keler T. Agonist anti-human CD27 monoclonal antibody induces T cell activation and tumor immunity in human CD27-transgenic mice. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2013; 191:4174-83. [PMID: 24026078 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1300409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The CD70/CD27 pathway plays a significant role in the control of immunity and tolerance, and previous studies demonstrated that targeting murine CD27 (mCD27) with agonist mAbs can mediate antitumor efficacy. We sought to exploit the potential of this pathway for immunotherapy by developing 1F5, a fully human IgG1 mAb to human CD27 (hCD27) with agonist activity. We developed transgenic mice expressing hCD27 under control of its native promoter for in vivo testing of the Ab. The expression and regulation of hCD27 in hCD27-transgenic (hCD27-Tg) mice were consistent with the understood biology of CD27 in humans. In vitro, 1F5 effectively induced proliferation and cytokine production from hCD27-Tg-derived T cells when combined with TCR stimulation. Administration of 1F5 to hCD27-Tg mice enhanced Ag-specific CD8(+) T cell responses to protein vaccination comparably to an agonist anti-mCD27 mAb. In syngeneic mouse tumor models, 1F5 showed potent antitumor efficacy and induction of protective immunity, which was dependent on CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells. The requirement of FcR engagement for the agonistic and antitumor activities of 1F5 was demonstrated using an aglycosylated version of the 1F5 mAb. These data with regard to the targeting of hCD27 are consistent with previous reports on targeting mCD27 and provide a rationale for the clinical development of the 1F5 mAb, for which studies in advanced cancer patients have been initiated under the name CDX-1127.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li-Zhen He
- Celldex Therapeutics, Inc., Phillipsburg, NJ 08865
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Munitic I, Kuka M, Allam A, Scoville JP, Ashwell JD. CD70 deficiency impairs effector CD8 T cell generation and viral clearance but is dispensable for the recall response to lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2012; 190:1169-79. [PMID: 23269247 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1202353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
CD27 interactions with its ligand, CD70, are thought to be necessary for optimal primary and memory adaptive immune responses to a variety of pathogens. Thus far, all studies addressing the function of the CD27-CD70 axis have been performed in mice lacking CD27, in those overexpressing CD70, or in those in which these molecules were blocked or mimicked by Abs or recombinant soluble CD70. Because these methods have in some cases led to divergent results, we generated CD70-deficient mice to directly assess its role in vivo. We find that lack of CD70-mediated stimulation during primary responses to lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus lowered the magnitude of CD8 Ag-specific T cell response, resulting in impaired viral clearance, without affecting CD4 T cell responses. Unexpectedly, CD70-CD27 costimulation was not needed for memory CD8 T cell generation or the ability to mount a recall response to lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus. Adoptive transfers of wild-type memory T cells into CD70(-/-) or wild-type hosts also showed no need for CD70-mediated stimulation during the course of the recall response. Moreover, CD70 expression by CD8 T cells could not rescue endogenous CD70(-/-) cells from defective expansion, arguing against a role for CD70-mediated T:T help in this model. Therefore, CD70 appears to be an important factor in the initiation of a robust and effective primary response but dispensable for CD8 T cell memory responses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Munitic
- Laboratory of Immune Cell Biology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Corbo-Rodgers E, Wiehagen KR, Staub ES, Maltzman JS. Homeostatic division is not necessary for antigen-specific CD4+ memory T cell persistence. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2012; 189:3378-85. [PMID: 22956580 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1201583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
CD4(+) memory T cells are generated in response to infection or vaccination, provide protection to the host against reinfection, and persist through a combination of enhanced survival and slow homeostatic turnover. We used timed deletion of the TCR-signaling adaptor molecule Src homology 2 domain-containing phosphoprotein of 76 kDa (SLP-76) with MHC:peptide tetramers to study the requirements for tonic TCR signals in the maintenance of polyclonal Ag-specific CD4(+) memory T cells. SLP-76-deficient I-A(b):gp61 cells are unable to rapidly generate effector cytokines or proliferate in response to secondary infection. In mice infected with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) or Listeria monocytogenes expressing the LCMV gp61-80 peptide, SLP-76-deficient I-A(b):gp61(+) cells exhibit reduced division, similar to that seen in in vitro-generated CD44(hi) and endogenous CD4(+)CD44(hi) cells. Competitive bone marrow chimera experiments demonstrated that the decrease in homeostatic turnover in the absence of SLP-76 is a cell-intrinsic process. Surprisingly, despite the reduction in turnover, I-A(b):gp61(+) Ag-specific memory cells persist in normal numbers for >30 wk after LCMV infection in the absence of SLP-76. These data suggest the independent maintenance of a population of Ag-specific CD4(+) memory T cells in the absence of SLP-76 and normal levels of homeostatic division.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Evann Corbo-Rodgers
- Immunology Graduate Group, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
The CD4⁺ T-cell help signal is transmitted from APC to CD8⁺ T-cells via CD27-CD70 interactions. Nat Commun 2012; 3:948. [PMID: 22781761 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms1948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2012] [Accepted: 06/08/2012] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
CD8(+) cytotoxic T lymphocytes are critical components of immunity against infectious pathogens, tumours, and in the case of pathogenic autoimmunity, normal self tissues. CD4(+) T (T(H)) cells provide 'help' to CD8(+) cytotoxic T lymphocytes during priming by first activating antigen-presenting cells via CD40-CD40L interactions. Here we show that, after immunization with either a noninflammatory, nonreplicating antigen or an overtly inflammatory replicating antigen, CD8(+) cytotoxic T lymphocytes prevented from receiving a signal through CD27 during priming subsequently exhibit a specific defect in their capacity for secondary expansion that can be rescued by the absence of TRAIL. Thus, the 'help message' is transmitted to CD8(+) T cells via CD70-CD27 signals, enabling them to undergo secondary expansion and avoid TRAIL-mediated apoptosis on re-stimulation. These findings complete our understanding of the cellular interactions through which T(H) is provided to CD8(+) cytotoxic T lymphocytes during priming.
Collapse
|
17
|
Hübener J, Casadei N, Teismann P, Seeliger MW, Björkqvist M, von Hörsten S, Riess O, Nguyen HP. Automated behavioral phenotyping reveals presymptomatic alterations in a SCA3 genetrap mouse model. J Genet Genomics 2012; 39:287-99. [PMID: 22749017 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgg.2012.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2012] [Revised: 04/18/2012] [Accepted: 04/23/2012] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Characterization of disease models of neurodegenerative disorders requires a systematic and comprehensive phenotyping in a highly standardized manner. Therefore, automated high-resolution behavior test systems such as the homecage based LabMaster system are of particular interest. We demonstrate the power of the automated LabMaster system by discovering previously unrecognized features of a recently characterized atxn3 mutant mouse model. This model provided neurological symptoms including gait ataxia, tremor, weight loss and premature death at the age of 12 months usually detectable just 2 weeks before the mice died. Moreover, using the LabMaster system we were able to detect hypoactivity in presymptomatic mutant mice in the dark as well as light phase. Additionally, we analyzed inflammation, immunological and hematological parameters, which indicated a reduced immune defense in phenotypic mice. Here we demonstrate that a detailed characterization even of organ systems that are usually not affected in SCA3 is important for further studies of pathogenesis and required for the preclinical therapeutic studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeannette Hübener
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Tübingen, Tübingen 72076, Germany.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Vitale LA, He LZ, Thomas LJ, Widger J, Weidlick J, Crocker A, O'Neill T, Storey J, Glennie MJ, Grote DM, Ansell SM, Marsh H, Keler T. Development of a human monoclonal antibody for potential therapy of CD27-expressing lymphoma and leukemia. Clin Cancer Res 2012; 18:3812-21. [PMID: 22589397 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-11-3308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The TNF receptor superfamily member CD27 is best known for its important role in T-cell immunity but is also recognized as a cell-surface marker on a number of B- and T-cell malignancies. In this article, we describe a novel human monoclonal antibody (mAb) specific for CD27 with properties that suggest a potential utility against malignancies that express CD27. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN The fully human mAb 1F5 was generated using human Ig transgenic mice and characterized by analytical and functional assays in vitro. Severe combined immunodeficient (SCID) mice inoculated with human CD27-expressing lymphoma cells were administered 1F5 to investigate direct antitumor effects. A pilot study of 1F5 was conducted in non-human primates to assess toxicity. RESULTS 1F5 binds with high affinity and specificity to human and macaque CD27 and competes with ligand binding. 1F5 activates T cells only in combination with T-cell receptor stimulation and does not induce proliferation of primary CD27-expressing tumor cells. 1F5 significantly enhanced the survival of SCID mice bearing Raji or Daudi tumors, which may be mediated through direct effector mechanisms such as antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity. Importantly, administration of up to 10 mg/kg of 1F5 to cynomolgus monkeys was well tolerated without evidence of significant toxicity or depletion of circulating lymphocytes. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, the data suggest that the human mAb 1F5, which has recently entered clinical development under the name CDX-1127, may provide direct antitumor activity against CD27-expressing lymphoma or leukemia, independent of its potential to enhance immunity through its agonistic properties.
Collapse
|
19
|
De Colvenaer V, Taveirne S, Delforche M, De Smedt M, Vandekerckhove B, Taghon T, Boon L, Plum J, Leclercq G. CD27-deficient mice show normal NK-cell differentiation but impaired function upon stimulation. Immunol Cell Biol 2011; 89:803-11. [PMID: 21283110 DOI: 10.1038/icb.2010.171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells are part of the first line defense against tumors, parasites and virus-infected cells. Therefore, factors that control NK-cell numbers and their function are important. CD27 is constitutively expressed on NK cells and its expression correlates with sequential phases in NK-cell development, discriminating phenotypically and functionally different subsets within the NK-cell population. Although CD27 has been described to have an important regulatory role in effector and memory T and B lymphocytes, its role in NK-cell biology remains to be addressed. In this study, we used CD27(-/-) mice to investigate the role of CD27 in NK-cell development and function, both during the resting state and upon stimulation. The results show that NK-cell numbers are not impaired in CD27(-/-) mice. Moreover, CD27(-/-) NK cells reach full phenotypic maturity, evidenced by normal expression of CD49b, CD43 and CD11b. Expression of activating receptors is unaltered, whereas expression of several inhibitory receptors is increased. Cytotoxicity and interferon-γ production by NK cells from CD27(-/-) mice in the resting state are normal. However, upon in vivo anti-CD40- or poly-I:C-mediated activation, or in vitro interleukin-15 priming plus anti-NKp46 stimulation, the absence of CD27 results in decreased cytolytic activity and cytokine production by spleen and liver NK cells. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that CD27 is dispensable for the development of functional NK cells. However, upon stimulation of NK cells, CD27 displays an important role in their activation and functionality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Veerle De Colvenaer
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Denoeud J, Moser M. Role of CD27/CD70 pathway of activation in immunity and tolerance. J Leukoc Biol 2010; 89:195-203. [PMID: 20699361 DOI: 10.1189/jlb.0610351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The CD70/CD27 axis has gained increasing interest among the immunologists, because of its capacity to regulate immunity versus tolerance. Recent studies clearly show that expression of CD70 may prevent tolerance induced by antigen presentation in the steady-state, i.e., by nonactivated DCs. In addition, CD27 signaling appears critical for T cell expansion and survival and therefore, induction of long-term memory. It contributes to germinal center formation, B cell activation, and production of neutralizing antibodies but can also be subverted by viruses, in particular, during chronic infections. The potential role of the CD27/CD70 pathway in the course of inflammatory diseases, as in EAE, arthritis, and inflammatory bowel disease models, suggests that CD70 may be a target for immune intervention. Conversely, the potency of costimulation through CD27 suggests that the CD27/CD70 axis could be exploited for the design of anti-cancer vaccines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julie Denoeud
- Departement de Biologie Moleculaire,Université Libre de Bruxelles, 6041 Gosselies, Belgium
| | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
van Gisbergen KPJM, van Olffen RW, van Beek J, van der Sluijs KF, Arens R, Nolte MA, van Lier RA. Protective CD8 T cell memory is impaired during chronic CD70-driven costimulation. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2009; 182:5352-62. [PMID: 19380782 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.0802809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Chronic infection results in continuous formation and exhaustion of effector CD8 T cells and in failure of memory CD8 T cell development. Expression of CD70 and other molecules that provide costimulation to T cells is maintained during chronic infection. To analyze the impact of constitutive CD70-driven costimulation, we generated transgenic mice expressing CD70 specifically on T cells. We show that CD70 promoted accumulation of CD8 T cells with characteristics strikingly similar to exhausted effector CD8 T cells found during chronic infection. CD70 on T cells provided costimulation that enhanced primary CD8 T cell responses against influenza. In contrast, memory CD8 T cell maintenance and protection against secondary challenge with influenza was impaired. Interestingly, we found no effect on the formation of either effector or memory CD4 T cells. We conclude that constitutive expression of CD70 is sufficient to deregulate the CD8 T cell differentiation pathway of acute infection reminiscent of events in chronic infection.
Collapse
|
22
|
Puklavec MJ, Barclay AN. Monoclonal antibodies to rat leukocyte surface antigens, MHC antigens, and immunoglobulins. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008; Appendix 4:Appendix 4C. [PMID: 18432667 DOI: 10.1002/0471142735.ima04cs31] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The CD nomenclature used for human-leukocyte surface antigens is now being widely applied to naming their homologs in other species. This appendix catalogs those CD antigens that have been clearly defined in the rat. There are also many other antigens defined in the rat, but only those for which good biochemical data are available, such as amino acid sequences, are given here. The most commonly used antibodies are summarized.
Collapse
|
23
|
Generation and characterization of a novel anti-rat CD40L antibody with inhibitory activities in vitro and in vivo. J Immunol Methods 2008; 335:46-52. [PMID: 18384807 DOI: 10.1016/j.jim.2008.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2007] [Revised: 02/11/2008] [Accepted: 02/24/2008] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The CD40-CD40L interaction plays a critical role in cell-mediated immune responses. Blocking this interaction has been shown to be beneficial in the treatment of various diseases studied in murine models. Although rats are widely used to test therapeutic strategies in several disease models, a monoclonal antibody (mAb) to block the CD40-CD40L interaction in rats is not broadly available. In the present study we generated Armenian hamster fibroblasts expressing rat CD40L and used these to generate a novel anti-rat CD40L mAb (AS1). In vitro studies showed that AS1 was able to block CD40L-induced DC maturation and B cell proliferation. Most importantly, in vivo, AS1 inhibited B cell responses in a dose-dependent fashion, as measured by the production of OVA specific antibodies after subcutaneous immunization with OVA. AS1 was shown to be a powerful tool to modulate Ag presentation in vitro and in vivo. Elucidating the effect of AS1 in various rat models for human diseases will provide more insight into blocking the CD40-CD40L interaction as a therapeutic strategy to prevent human diseases.
Collapse
|
24
|
Lebbink RJ, de Ruiter T, Kaptijn GJA, Bihan DG, Jansen CA, Lenting PJ, Meyaard L. Mouse leukocyte-associated Ig-like receptor-1 (mLAIR-1) functions as an inhibitory collagen-binding receptor on immune cells. Int Immunol 2007; 19:1011-9. [PMID: 17702987 DOI: 10.1093/intimm/dxm071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Leukocyte-associated Ig-like receptor-1 (LAIR-1) is a cell-surface molecule that functions as an inhibitory receptor on various immune cells. We developed mAbs to study the expression of mouse leukocyte-associated Ig-like receptor-1 (mLAIR-1) on primary immune cells and established that it is expressed on the majority of cells of the immune system, including T cells, NK cells, monocytes and dendritic cells. Furthermore, mLAIR-1 is inducibly expressed on blood granulocytes in vivo and is differentially expressed upon T cell activation in vitro. Unexpectedly, mLAIR-1 was not expressed on splenic and blood B220(+) B cells. Similar to its human homolog, mLAIR-1 interacted with high affinity with a wide range of collagen molecules. Furthermore, mLAIR-1 specifically interacted in a hydroxyproline-dependent manner with synthetic collagen Gly-Pro-Hyp peptides. We show, for the first time, that mLAIR-1 cross-linking with its ligands inhibits CD3-induced T cell stimulation in vitro. Given the similarities between the mouse and human receptors, mLAIR-1 may serve as a good model to assess the role of the LAIR-1 receptors in regulation of immune responses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robert Jan Lebbink
- Department of Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Lundlaan 6, 3584 EA Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Schildknecht A, Miescher I, Yagita H, van den Broek M. Priming of CD8+ T cell responses by pathogens typically depends on CD70-mediated interactions with dendritic cells. Eur J Immunol 2007; 37:716-28. [PMID: 17295392 DOI: 10.1002/eji.200636824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The CD27/CD70-interaction has been shown to provide a costimulatory and survival signal for T cells in vitro and in vivo. Recently, CD70 expression by DC was found to be important for the priming of CD8+ T cells. We show here that blocking CD70 interactions has a significant impact on priming of CD8+ T cell responses by vaccinia virus (VV), Listeria monocytogenes and vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) in mice. However, the priming of specific CD8+ T cells upon infection with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) was only marginally reduced by CD70-blockade. Blocking of CD70 prevented CD8+ T cell priming in DIETER mice, a model in which presentation of LCMV-derived epitopes can be induced selectively in dendritic cells (DC). In contrast, CD70-CD27 interactions were not important for the priming of VSV-specific CD4+ T cells or class switch of neutralizing antibodies. As we show that priming of CD8+ T cells by the pathogens used here is dependent on antigen presentation by DC and that infection results in up-regulation of CD70 on DC, we conclude that CD70 expression on DC plays an important role in the priming of CD8+ T cells by pathogens. Moreover, the lack of CD70 cannot be completely compensated for by other costimulatory molecules.
Collapse
|
26
|
Matmati M, Pouwels W, van Bruggen R, Jansen M, Hoek RM, Verhoeven AJ, Hamann J. The human EGF-TM7 receptor EMR3 is a marker for mature granulocytes. J Leukoc Biol 2006; 81:440-8. [PMID: 17108056 DOI: 10.1189/jlb.0406276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
EMR3 is a member of the epidermal growth factor-seven-transmembrane (EGF-TM7) family of adhesion class TM7 receptors. This family also comprises CD97, EMR1, EMR2, and EMR4. To characterize human EMR3 at the protein level, we generated Armenian hamster mAb. Using the mAb 3D7, we here demonstrate that EMR3, like other EGF-TM7 receptors, is expressed at the cell surface as a heterodimeric molecule consisting of a long extracellular alpha-chain, which possesses at its N-terminus EGF-like domains and a membrane-spanning beta-chain. Flow cytometric analysis revealed that all types of myeloid cells express EMR3. In peripheral blood, the highest expression of EMR3 was found on granulocytes. More mature CD16(+) monocytes express high levels of EMR3, and CD16(-) monocytes and myeloid dendritic cells (DC) are EMR3(dim/low). Lymphocytes and plasmacytoid DC are EMR3(-). It is interesting that in contrast with CD97 and EMR2, CD34(+)CD33(-)/CD38(-) committed hematopoietic stem cells and CD34(+)CD33(+)/CD38(+) progenitors in bone marrow do not express EMR3. In vitro differentiation of HL-60 cells and CD34(+) progenitor cells revealed that EMR3 is only up-regulated during late granulopoiesis. These results demonstrate that the expression of EGF-TM7 receptors on myeloid cells is differentially regulated. EMR3 is the first family member found mainly on granulocytes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mourad Matmati
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, 1100 DE Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Kaufmann Y, Amariglio N, Rosenthal E, Hirsch YJ, Many A, Rechavi G. Proliferation response of leukemic cells to CD70 ligation oscillates with recurrent remission and relapse in a low-grade lymphoma. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2006; 175:6940-7. [PMID: 16272354 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.175.10.6940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Interactions of the TNF-related cell surface ligand CD70 with its receptor CD27 provide a costimulatory signal in B and T cell activation. Functional CD70-CD27 interactions could contribute to lymphoma and leukemia progression. This possibility was studied using DNA microarrays on a unique case of low-grade lymphoma/leukemia characterized by recurrent cycles of acute leukemic phase alternating with spontaneous remission. Upon induction of the acute phase expression of CD70 and CD27 in the leukemic cells increased 38- and 25-fold, respectively. Coexpression of membrane CD70 and CD27 on the leukemic (CD5+CD19+) cells was maximal 2-3 days following initiation of the attack. Soluble CD27 in the patient's serum was elevated during remission and further increased in the attack. Functional tests showed that neither anti-CD70 nor anti-CD27 Abs affect the rate of apoptosis. However, the anti-CD70 Ab specifically enhanced proliferation of the remission phase leukemic cells, whereas proliferation of the acute-phase counterparts that express higher level of membrane CD70 was unaffected. Hence, in this lymphoma/leukemia, membrane CD70 is presented on the leukemic cells in a responsive state during the remission and a nonresponsive state during the attack. Presumably, CD70 in its responsive state provides a costimulatory receptor for initiating the next acute phase while its nonresponsive state enables the remission.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yael Kaufmann
- Institute of Hematology, Safra Children's Hospital, Tel-Hashomer, Israel.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Baars PA, Sierro S, Arens R, Tesselaar K, Hooibrink B, Klenerman P, van Lier RAW. Properties of murine CD8+CD27- T cells. Eur J Immunol 2005; 35:3131-41. [PMID: 16220536 DOI: 10.1002/eji.200425770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
In humans, loss of CD27 expression is associated with the stable acquisition of effector functions by CD8+ T cells. We found that murine (CD8+)CD27- T cells were confined to the primed CD62L(dull/-)CD44(bright)CCR7- T cell population. (CD8+)CD27- T cells were absent from lymph nodes but could be found in blood, spleen and in non-lymphoid organs such as lung and liver. Late after primary influenza virus infection, low percentages of antigen-specific CD27- cells emerged in the lung and spleen. After recovery from secondary influenza virus infection, high percentages of influenza-specific CD27- T cells were found in the lung and the loss of CD27 on lung CD8+ T cells coincided with high granzyme B expression. After murine cytomegalovirus infection, loss of CD27 expression on virus-specific CD8+ T cell populations was sustained and especially marked in liver and lung. We suggest that in mice, CD27 is lost from CD8+ T cells only after repetitive antigenic stimulation. Moreover, the high expression of both granzyme B and perforin in the CD27- T cells suggests that the lack of CD27 on murine CD8+ T cells can be used to identify memory T cells with expression of cytotoxic effector molecules.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paul A Baars
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Hendriks J, Xiao Y, Rossen JWA, van der Sluijs KF, Sugamura K, Ishii N, Borst J. During viral infection of the respiratory tract, CD27, 4-1BB, and OX40 collectively determine formation of CD8+ memory T cells and their capacity for secondary expansion. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2005; 175:1665-76. [PMID: 16034107 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.175.3.1665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 169] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Independent studies have shown that CD27, 4-1BB, and OX40 can all promote survival of activated CD8+ T cells. We have therefore compared their impact on CD8+ memory T cell formation and responsiveness within one, physiologically relevant model system. Recombinant mice, selectively lacking input of one or two receptors, were challenged intranasally with influenza virus, and the immunodominant virus-specific CD8+ T cell response was quantified at priming and effector sites. Upon primary infection, CD27 and (to a lesser extent) 4-1BB made nonredundant contributions to accumulation of CD8+ virus-specific T cells in draining lymph nodes and lung, while OX40 had no effect. Interestingly though, in the memory response, accumulation of virus-specific CD8+ T cells in spleen and lung critically depended on all three receptor systems. This was explained by two observations: 1) CD27, 4-1BB, and OX40 were collectively responsible for generation of the same memory CD8+ T cell pool; 2) CD27, 4-1BB, and OX40 collectively determined the extent of secondary expansion, as shown by adoptive transfers with standardized numbers of memory cells. Surprisingly, wild-type CD8+ memory T cells expanded normally in primed OX40 ligand- or 4-1BB ligand-deficient mice. However, when wild-type memory cells were generated in OX40 ligand- or 4-1BB ligand-deficient mice, their secondary expansion was impaired. This provides the novel concept that stimulation of CD8+ T cells by OX40 and 4-1BB ligand during priming imprints into them the capacity for secondary expansion. Our data argue that ligand on dendritic cells and/or B cells may be critical for this.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Administration, Intranasal
- Adoptive Transfer
- Animals
- Antibodies, Viral/biosynthesis
- Antigen-Presenting Cells/immunology
- Antigen-Presenting Cells/metabolism
- Antigen-Presenting Cells/virology
- Antigens, CD/biosynthesis
- Antigens, CD/genetics
- Antigens, CD/physiology
- CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/cytology
- CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/metabolism
- CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/virology
- Cell Proliferation
- Genomic Imprinting
- Immunization, Secondary
- Immunologic Memory/genetics
- Influenza A virus/immunology
- Ligands
- Lymphocyte Activation/genetics
- Membrane Glycoproteins/biosynthesis
- Membrane Glycoproteins/deficiency
- Membrane Glycoproteins/genetics
- Membrane Glycoproteins/physiology
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- OX40 Ligand
- Orthomyxoviridae Infections/genetics
- Orthomyxoviridae Infections/immunology
- Orthomyxoviridae Infections/virology
- Receptors, Nerve Growth Factor/biosynthesis
- Receptors, Nerve Growth Factor/deficiency
- Receptors, Nerve Growth Factor/genetics
- Receptors, Nerve Growth Factor/physiology
- Receptors, OX40
- Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor/biosynthesis
- Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor/deficiency
- Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor/genetics
- Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor/physiology
- T-Lymphocyte Subsets/immunology
- T-Lymphocyte Subsets/metabolism
- T-Lymphocyte Subsets/transplantation
- T-Lymphocyte Subsets/virology
- Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor Superfamily, Member 7/biosynthesis
- Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor Superfamily, Member 7/genetics
- Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor Superfamily, Member 7/physiology
- Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor Superfamily, Member 9
- Tumor Necrosis Factors
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jenny Hendriks
- Division of Immunology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Abstract
Several members of the tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNFR) family function after initial T cell activation to sustain T cell responses. This review focuses on CD27, 4-1BB (CD137), OX40 (CD134), HVEM, CD30, and GITR, all of which can have costimulatory effects on T cells. The effects of these costimulatory TNFR family members can often be functionally, temporally, or spatially segregated from those of CD28 and from each other. The sequential and transient regulation of T cell activation/survival signals by different costimulators may function to allow longevity of the response while maintaining tight control of T cell survival. Depending on the disease condition, stimulation via costimulatory TNF family members can exacerbate or ameliorate disease. Despite these complexities, stimulation or blockade of TNFR family costimulators shows promise for several therapeutic applications, including cancer, infectious disease, transplantation, and autoimmunity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tania H Watts
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A8, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Abstract
In vitro work has defined the TNF receptor family member CD27 as a T and B cell co-stimulatory molecule. Its activity is governed by the transient availability of its TNF-like ligand CD70 on lymphocytes and dendritic cells. Recent studies, enforcing or abrogating CD27 function by genetic or protein intervention in mouse models have revealed key contributions of the CD27-CD70 system to effector and memory T cell formation, which is probably based on improved cell survival. The stimulatory effects of CD27 on B cell function appear to oppose those of CD70, which also has a signaling role. Targeting CD27-CD70 for therapy is attractive but should take into account the fact that constitutive CD27 stimulation culminates in lethal immunodeficiency.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jannie Borst
- Division of Immunology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Xiao Y, Hendriks J, Langerak P, Jacobs H, Borst J. CD27 is acquired by primed B cells at the centroblast stage and promotes germinal center formation. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2004; 172:7432-41. [PMID: 15187121 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.172.12.7432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Studies on human B cells have featured CD27 as a marker and mediator of the B cell response. We have studied CD27 expression and function on B cells in the mouse. We find that B cells acquire CD27 at the centroblast stage and lose it progressively upon further differentiation. It is not a marker for somatically mutated B cells and is present at very low frequency on memory B cells. Enrichment of CD27 among centroblasts and the presence of its ligand CD70 on occasional T and B cells in or near germinal centers (GCs) suggested a role for CD27/CD70 interactions in clonal B cell expansion. Accordingly, GC formation in response to influenza virus infection was delayed in CD27 knockout mice. CD27 deficiency did not affect somatic hypermutation or serum levels of virus-specific IgM, IgG, and IgA attained in primary and recall responses. Adoptive transfer of T and B cells into CD27/CD28(-/-) mice revealed that CD27 promotes GC formation and consequent IgG production by two distinct mechanisms. Stimulation of CD27 on B cells by CD28(+) Th cells accelerates GC formation, most likely by promoting centroblast expansion. In addition, CD27 on T cells can partially substitute for CD28 in supporting GC formation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanling Xiao
- Division of Immunology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Rowley TF, Al-Shamkhani A. Stimulation by soluble CD70 promotes strong primary and secondary CD8+ cytotoxic T cell responses in vivo. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2004; 172:6039-46. [PMID: 15128787 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.172.10.6039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Identification of the signals required for optimal differentiation of naive CD8(+) T cells into effector and memory cells is critical for the design of effective vaccines. In this study we demonstrate that CD27 stimulation by soluble CD70 considerably enhances the magnitude and quality of the CD8(+) T cell response. Stimulation with soluble CD70 in the presence of Ag significantly enhanced the proliferation of CD8(+) T cells and their ability to produce IL-2 and IFN-gamma in vitro. Administration of Ag and soluble CD70 resulted in a massive (>300-fold) expansion of Ag-specific CD8(+) T cells in vivo, which was due to the enhanced proliferation and survival of activated T cells. In mice that received Ag and soluble CD70, CD8(+) T cells developed into effectors with direct ex vivo cytotoxicity. Furthermore, unlike peptide immunization, which resulted in a diminished response after rechallenge, CD27 stimulation during the primary challenge evoked a strong secondary response upon rechallenge with the antigenic peptide. Thus, in addition to increasing the frequency of primed Ag-specific T cells, CD27 signaling during the primary response instills a program of differentiation that allows CD8(+) T cells to overcome a state of unresponsiveness. Taken together these results demonstrate that soluble CD70 has potent in vivo adjuvant effects for CD8(+) T cell responses.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Adjuvants, Immunologic/administration & dosage
- Adjuvants, Immunologic/metabolism
- Adjuvants, Immunologic/physiology
- Adoptive Transfer
- Animals
- Antigens, CD/administration & dosage
- Antigens, CD/metabolism
- Antigens, CD/physiology
- CD27 Ligand
- Cell Differentiation/immunology
- Cell Line
- Cytotoxicity, Immunologic
- Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte/administration & dosage
- Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte/immunology
- Humans
- Immunization, Secondary
- Lymphocyte Activation
- Membrane Proteins/administration & dosage
- Membrane Proteins/metabolism
- Membrane Proteins/physiology
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Mice, Transgenic
- Ovalbumin/administration & dosage
- Ovalbumin/immunology
- Peptide Fragments/administration & dosage
- Peptide Fragments/immunology
- Recombinant Fusion Proteins/administration & dosage
- Recombinant Fusion Proteins/metabolism
- Recombinant Fusion Proteins/physiology
- Signal Transduction/immunology
- Solubility
- T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic/cytology
- T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic/immunology
- T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic/transplantation
- Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor Superfamily, Member 7/metabolism
- Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor Superfamily, Member 7/physiology
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tania F Rowley
- Tenovus Research Laboratory, Cancer Sciences Division, School of Medicine, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Arens R, Schepers K, Nolte MA, van Oosterwijk MF, van Lier RAW, Schumacher TNM, van Oers MHJ. Tumor rejection induced by CD70-mediated quantitative and qualitative effects on effector CD8+ T cell formation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004; 199:1595-605. [PMID: 15184507 PMCID: PMC2211777 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20031111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
In vivo priming of antigen-specific CD8+ T cells results in their expansion and differentiation into effector T cells followed by contraction into a memory T cell population that can be maintained for life. Recent evidence suggests that after initial antigenic stimulation, the magnitude and kinetics of the CD8+ T cell response are programmed. However, it is unclear to what extent CD8+ T cell instruction in vivo is modulated by costimulatory signals. Here, we demonstrate that constitutive ligation of the tumor necrosis factor receptor family member CD27 by its ligand CD70 quantitatively augments CD8+ T cell responses to influenza virus infection and EL-4 tumor challenge in vivo by incrementing initial expansion and maintaining higher numbers of antigen-specific T cells in the memory phase. Concomitantly, the quality of antigen-specific T cells improved as evidenced by increased interferon (IFN)-gamma production and a greater cytotoxic potential on a per cell basis. As an apparent consequence, the superior effector T cell formation induced by CD70 protected against a lethal dose of poorly immunogenic EL4 tumor cells in a CD8+ T cell- and IFN-gamma-dependent manner. Thus, CD70 costimulation enhances both the expansion and per cell activity of antigen-specific CD8+ T cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ramon Arens
- Laboratory for Experimental Immunology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
García P, De Heredia AB, Bellón T, Carpio E, Llano M, Caparrós E, Aparicio P, López-Botet M. Signalling via CD70, a member of the TNF family, regulates T cell functions. J Leukoc Biol 2004; 76:263-70. [PMID: 15226368 DOI: 10.1189/jlb.1003508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present work, we provide data supporting that CD70, a tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related molecule, defined as the CD27 ligand (CD27L), may actively regulate T cell functions similarly to other members of the TNF family (i.e., CD40L and CD30L). Cross-linking CD70 with specific monoclonal antibodies (mAb) stimulated cytotoxicity and cytokine production in human T cell clones. Detection of intracellular-free calcium mobilization and mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphorylation upon mAb engagement of CD70 further supported an active signaling role for the TNF-related molecule. Similar results were obtained in the Jurkat leukaemia T cell line stably transfected with CD70; in that system, induction of Akt phosphorylation was detected, indirectly revealing the involvement of the phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase pathway. Stimulation of CD70+ Jurkat cells, with a CD70-specific mAb or with COS-7 cells transiently transfected with CD27, induced transcriptional activity detectable by different reporter gene expression systems. Altogether, our data point out that a reciprocal communication may be established between CD27+ and CD70+ cells during the immune response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pilar García
- DCEXS, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Dr. Aiguader 80, 08003-Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Gupta S, Bi R, Su K, Yel L, Chiplunkar S, Gollapudi S. Characterization of naı̈ve, memory and effector CD8+ T cells: effect of age. Exp Gerontol 2004; 39:545-50. [PMID: 15050289 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2003.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2003] [Revised: 08/04/2003] [Accepted: 08/11/2003] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Aging is associated with progressive decline in T cell functions and increased frequency of infections, autoimmune phenomenon, and cancer. Memory T cells rapidly acquire effector functions to kill infected and malignant cells and/or inhibit their replication. Recently, memory T cells have been further classified into central and effector memory T cells (and early and intermediate T cells by some investigators). In aging, memory T cells are accumulated; however, these subpopulations of memory and effector T cells have not been fully characterized and changes in central memory and effector memory T cells in aged humans have not been described. In this article, we have further defined naïve, central memory, effector memory, and effector CD8+ T cells in humans and their changes in aged humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sudhir Gupta
- Division of Basic and Clinical Immunology, Medical Sciences C C-240, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697 4069, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Ronchetti S, Zollo O, Bruscoli S, Agostini M, Bianchini R, Nocentini G, Ayroldi E, Riccardi C. GITR, a member of the TNF receptor superfamily, is costimulatory to mouse T lymphocyte subpopulations. Eur J Immunol 2004; 34:613-622. [PMID: 14991590 DOI: 10.1002/eji.200324804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 291] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
GITR (glucocorticoid-induced TNFR family related gene) is a member of the TNFR superfamily (TNFRSF) that is expressed in different cell types, including T lymphocytes. Because of a high homology in its cytoplasmic region with other known costimulatory members of the TNFRSF, we investigated whether GITR played a costimulatory role in T lymphocyte subpopulations. Our results show that the proliferation response of CD8+ and CD4+ peripheral T cell subpopulations was potentiated when a GITR costimulus was added to an anti-CD3 stimulus. Furthermore, expression of the main activation-induced receptor (IL-2Ralpha) and production of IL-2 and IFN-gamma were increased more with a GITR costimulus than with anti-CD3 alone. GITR stimulation also enhanced anti-CD3-induced ERK phosphorylation, suggesting that GITR is involved in MAPK-pathway activation. Interestingly, CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cell (Treg cell) proliferation was triggered by the GITR costimulus; Treg cell proliferation was paralleled by the loss of the anergic phenotype and suppressor activity. Nevertheless, unstimulated GITR(-/-) CD4+CD25+ and GITR(+/+) CD4+CD25+ cells were equally able to exert suppressor activity on CD4+CD25- responder cells. These results indicate a novel function for GITR as costimulatory molecule of T cell subsets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simona Ronchetti
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Pharmacology, Perugia University Medical School, Perugia, Italy
| | - Ornella Zollo
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Pharmacology, Perugia University Medical School, Perugia, Italy
| | - Stefano Bruscoli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Pharmacology, Perugia University Medical School, Perugia, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Agostini
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Pharmacology, Perugia University Medical School, Perugia, Italy
| | - Rodolfo Bianchini
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Pharmacology, Perugia University Medical School, Perugia, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Nocentini
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Pharmacology, Perugia University Medical School, Perugia, Italy
| | - Emira Ayroldi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Pharmacology, Perugia University Medical School, Perugia, Italy
| | - Carlo Riccardi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Pharmacology, Perugia University Medical School, Perugia, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Mohamedali A, Soeiro I, Lea NC, Glassford J, Banerji L, Mufti GJ, Lam EWF, Thomas NSB. Cyclin D2controls B cell progenitor numbers. J Leukoc Biol 2003; 74:1139-43. [PMID: 14612431 DOI: 10.1189/jlb.0803363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyclin D2 affects B cell proliferation and differentiation in vivo. It is rate-limiting for B cell receptor (BCR)-dependent proliferation of B cells, and cyclin D2-/- mice lack CD5+(B1) B lymphocytes. We show here that the bone marrow (BM) of cyclin D2-/- mice contains half the numbers of Sca1+B220+ B cell progenitors but normal levels of Sca1+ progenitor cells of other lineages. In addition, clonal analysis of BM from the cyclin D2-/- and cyclin D2+/+ mice confirmed that there were fewer B cell progenitors (B220+) in the cyclin D2-/- mice. In addition, the colonies from cyclin D2-/- mice were less mature (CD19lo) than those from cyclin D2+/+ mice (CD19Hi). The number of mature B2 B cells in vivo is the same in cyclin D2-/- and cyclin D2+/+ animals. Lack of cyclin D2 protein may be compensated by cyclin D3, as cyclin-dependent kinase (cdk)6 coimmunoprecipitates with cyclin D3 but not cyclin D1 from BM mononuclear cells of cyclin D2-/- mice. It is active, as endogenous retinoblastoma protein is phosphorylated at the cdk6/4-cyclin D-specific sites, S807/811. We conclude that cyclin D2 is rate-limiting for the production of B lymphoid progenitor cells whose proliferation does not depend on BCR signaling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Azim Mohamedali
- Leukaemia Sciences, Guy's, King's, St. Thomas' School of Medicine, Rayne Institute, 123 Coldharbour Lane, London SE5 9RS, UK.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Hendriks J, Xiao Y, Borst J. CD27 promotes survival of activated T cells and complements CD28 in generation and establishment of the effector T cell pool. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003; 198:1369-80. [PMID: 14581610 PMCID: PMC2194245 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20030916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 279] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
CD27, like CD28, acts in concert with the T cell receptor to support T cell expansion. Using CD27(-/-) mice, we have shown earlier that CD27 determines the magnitude of primary and memory T cell responses to influenza virus. Here, we have examined the relative contributions of CD27 and CD28 to generation of the virus-specific effector T cell pool and its establishment at the site of infection (the lung), using CD27(-/-), CD28(-/-), and CD27/CD28(-/-) mice. We find that primary and memory CD8+ T cell responses to influenza virus are dependent on the collective contribution of both receptors. In the primary response, CD27 and CD28 impact to a similar extent on expansion of virus-specific T cells in draining lymph nodes. CD27 is the principle determinant for accumulation of virus-specific T cells in the lung because it can sustain this response in CD28(-/-) mice. Unlike CD28, CD27 does not affect cell cycle activity, but promotes survival of activated T cells throughout successive rounds of division at the site of priming and may do so at the site of infection as well. CD27 was found to rescue CD28(-/-) T cells from death at the onset of division, explaining its capacity to support a T cell response in absence of CD28.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jenny Hendriks
- Division of Immunology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, 1066 CX Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Evans DE, Weinberg AD. Boosting T cell costimulation in cancer: the possibilities seem endless. Int Rev Immunol 2003; 22:173-94. [PMID: 12962274 DOI: 10.1080/08830180305219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Effective immune strategies for eradication of human malignancies will require a thorough understanding of the interactions of cancer with the immune system. It will be crucial to understand how to optimize and sustain a T cell immune response. Recently, our understanding of the molecular interaction that occurs between an APC and a T cell during cognate interaction has increased dramatically. In this review, various costimulatory and inhibitory molecules of the B7 and TNF families will be discussed. The emphasis will be on how these costimulatory molecules impact T cell activation and on how they can be potentially used for the treatment of cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dean E Evans
- Earle A. Chiles Research Institute, Robert W. Franz Cancer Research Center, Providence Portland Medical Center, Portland, Oregon 97213, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Tesselaar K, Xiao Y, Arens R, van Schijndel GMW, Schuurhuis DH, Mebius RE, Borst J, van Lier RAW. Expression of the murine CD27 ligand CD70 in vitro and in vivo. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2003; 170:33-40. [PMID: 12496380 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.170.1.33] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The interaction between TNFR family member CD27 and its ligand CD70 promotes lymphocyte expansion and effector cell formation. In humans, control of CD27 function is partly regulated by the restricted expression of CD70. We used newly developed mAbs to characterize murine (m) CD70 expression in vitro and in vivo. On resting lymphocytes and immature dendritic cells (DC), mCD70 is absent. In vitro, Ag receptor triggering induced mCD70 mRNA in T cells, but cell surface protein expression was very low. Activated B cells synthesized much higher levels of mCD70 mRNA than activated T cells and clearly expressed mCD70 at the cell surface. mCD70 cell surface expression could also be induced on the DC line D1 and on in vitro-generated murine DC upon maturation. In lymphoid organs of naive mice, virtually no mCD70-expressing cells were found, with exception of cells in the thymic medulla, which may be epithelial in origin. However, after intranasal infection with influenza virus, lung-infiltrating T cells and T and B cells in draining lymph nodes expressed mCD70 according to immunohistology. In such activated lymphocytes, mCD70 protein is largely retained intracellularly. Plasma membrane expression of mCD70 was only detectable by flow cytometry on a small proportion of lung-infiltrating T cells and peaked at the height of the primary response. Thus, expression of CD70 in the mouse is highly regulated at the transcriptional and posttranslational level. This most likely serves to limit excessive effector cell formation after antigenic stimulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kiki Tesselaar
- Laboratory for Experimental Immunology, Academic Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Hase H, Kanno Y, Kojima H, Morimoto C, Okumura K, Kobata T. CD27 and CD40 inhibit p53-independent mitochondrial pathways in apoptosis of B cells induced by B cell receptor ligation. J Biol Chem 2002; 277:46950-8. [PMID: 12324477 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m209050200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
B cells in the germinal center are known to undergo apoptosis after B cell receptor (BCR) ligation, a process relevant to immunological tolerance. Human CD27 is a B cell co-stimulatory molecule. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of CD27 and CD40 signals on BCR-mediated apoptosis of B cells. BCR ligation activated mitochondrial apoptotic pathways including down-regulation of Bcl-X(L), dissipation of mitochondrial transmembrane potential, release of cytochrome c, and activation of caspase-9. Each of these effects was significantly inhibited by CD27 and CD40. Bik expression was weakly but significantly down-regulated by CD27 but up-regulated by CD40. BCR ligation resulted in p53 activation including its phosphorylation at Ser(15), nuclear translocation, and target gene p53AIP1 induction. CD27 and CD40 clearly suppressed these processes. Analyses that used dominant-negative p53 variants revealed a low but still substantial level of BCR-mediated apoptosis and intact mitochondria-mediated apoptotic pathway. These pathways were further inhibited by CD27 and CD40, although the cells showed no p53 phosphorylation or p53AIP1 expression. Our results suggested that, at the mitochondrial level, CD27 and CD40 co-stimulatory signals regulated the p53-amplified apoptotic pathway in B cells through the inhibition of p53-independent apoptotic pathway primarily induced by BCR ligation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hidenori Hase
- Division of Immunology, Institute for Medical Science, Dokkyo University School of Medicine, Mibu, Tochigi 321-0293, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Fujii T, Okada M, Mimori T, Craft J. The transmembrane form of TNF-alpha drives autoantibody production in the absence of CD154: studies using MRL/Mp-Fas(lpr) mice. Clin Exp Immunol 2002; 130:224-32. [PMID: 12390309 PMCID: PMC1906522 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2249.2002.01982.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
It is generally accepted that the interaction between CD40 and its ligand (CD154) plays a decisive role in contact-dependent help for T and B cells. In CD154-deficient MRL/Mp-Fas(lpr) (MRL/lpr) mice, however, high titres of IgG2a-type autoantibodies against small nuclear ribonucleoproteins (snRNPs) are observed. We successfully isolated two CD154-deficient MRL/lpr Th1 lines, which could provide B cell help for anti-snRNP antibody production. The proliferative responses of the Th1 cell lines were MHC class II (I-Ek)-restricted. Although syngeneic B cell proliferation was induced by Th1 lines in both a contact-dependent and -independent manner, the soluble form of TNF-alpha (sTNF-alpha) was not involved in contact-independent B cell proliferation. On the other hand, both anti-TNF-alpha and TNF-receptor 2 (TNF-R2, p75) monoclonal antibody (MoAb) blocked contact-dependent B cell proliferation, suggesting that the transmembrane form of TNF-alpha (mTNF-alpha)-TNF-R2 co-stimulation participates in B cell activation. Similarly, anti-TNF-alpha and TNF-R2 MoAb inhibited anti-snRNP antibody production in vitro, but anti-CD154 or TNF-R1 MoAb did not. These results indicate that the interaction of mTNF-alpha on activated Th1 cells with TNF-R2 on B cells may be involved in the autoimmunity seen in MRL mice, and that the blockade of CD40-CD154 co-stimulation may not always be able to suppress some Th1-related manifestations of lupus.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antibodies, Antinuclear/biosynthesis
- B-Lymphocytes/immunology
- CD40 Ligand/genetics
- CD40 Ligand/physiology
- Cell Line
- Cells, Cultured
- Coculture Techniques
- Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/immunology
- Lymphocyte Activation
- Lymphocyte Cooperation
- Membrane Proteins/physiology
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred MRL lpr
- Mice, Knockout
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta/analysis
- Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor/immunology
- Ribonucleoproteins, Small Nuclear/immunology
- Th1 Cells/immunology
- Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/chemistry
- Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/physiology
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T Fujii
- Section of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, USA.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Tomiyama H, Matsuda T, Takiguchi M. Differentiation of human CD8(+) T cells from a memory to memory/effector phenotype. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2002; 168:5538-50. [PMID: 12023349 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.168.11.5538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 175] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies of perforin expression and cytokine production in subsets of peripheral human CD45RA(-)CD8(+) T cells with different CD28/CD27 phenotypes showed that CD28(+)CD45RA(-)CD8(+) and CD27(+)CD45RA(-)CD8(+) T cells have characteristics of memory T cells, whereas CD28(-)CD45RA(-)CD8(+) and CD27(-)CD45RA(-)CD8(+) T cells have characteristics of both memory and effector T cells. However, the differentiation pathway from memory CD8(+) T cells into memory/effector CD8(+) T cells has not been completely clarified. We investigated this differentiation pathway using EBV- and human CMV (HCMV)-specific CD8(+) T cells. Three subsets of CD45RA(-)CD8(+) T cells were observed in both total CD8(+) T cells and EBV- or HCMV-specific CD8(+) T cells: CD27(+)CD28(+), CD27(+)CD28(-), and CD27(-)CD28(-). A significant number of the CD27(-)CD28(+) subset was observed in total CD8 T cells. However, this subset was barely detectable in EBV- or HCMV-specific CD8(+) T cells. Analysis of perforin expression and cytotoxic activity in the first three subsets suggested the following differentiation pathway: CD27(+)CD28(+)CD45RA(-)-->CD27(+)CD28(-)CD45RA(-)-->CD27(-)CD28(-)CD45RA(-). This was supported by the observation that the frequency of CCR5(+) cells and CCR7(+) cells decreased during this sequence. Analysis of CCR5 and CCR7 expression in the CD27(+)CD28(+) memory cell subset demonstrated the presence of three CCR5/CCR7 populations: CCR5(-)CCR7(+), CCR5(+)CCR7(+), and CCR5(+)CCR7(-). These findings suggested the following differentiation pathway: CD27(+)CD28(+)CD45RA(-) (CCR5(-)CCR7(+)-->CCR5(+)CCR7(+)-->CCR5(+)CCR7(-))-->CD27(+)CD28(-)CD45RA(-)-->CD27(-)CD28(-)CD45RA(-). The presence of a CD27(-)CD28(+) subset with a CCR5(+)CCR7(-) phenotype implies a specialized role for this subset in the differentiation of CD8(+) T cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroko Tomiyama
- Division of Viral Immunology, Center for AIDS Research, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Xue L, Chu F, Cheng Y, Sun X, Borthakur A, Ramarao M, Pandey P, Wu M, Schlossman SF, Prasad KVS. Siva-1 binds to and inhibits BCL-X(L)-mediated protection against UV radiation-induced apoptosis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2002; 99:6925-30. [PMID: 12011449 PMCID: PMC124505 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.102182299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/28/2002] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
We previously cloned Siva-1 by using the cytoplasmic tail of CD27, a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor family, as the bait in the yeast two-hybrid system. The Siva gene is organized into four exons that code for the predominant full-length Siva-1 transcript, whereas its alternate splice form, Siva-2, lacks exon 2 coding sequence. Various groups have demonstrated a role for Siva-1 in several apoptotic pathways. Interestingly, the proapoptotic properties of Siva-1 are lacking in Siva-2. The fact that Siva-1 is partly localized to mitochondria despite the absence of any mitochondrial targeting signal, it harbors a 20-aa-long putative amphipathic helical structure that is absent in Siva-2, and that its expression is restricted to double-positive (CD3(+), CD4(+), CD8(+)) thymocytes like BCL-X(L), prompted us to test for a potential interaction between Siva-1 and BCL-X(L). Here, we show that Siva-1 binds to and inhibits BCL-X(L)-mediated protection against UV radiation-induced apoptosis. Indeed, the unique amphipathic helical region (SAH) present in Siva-1 is required for its binding to BCL-X(L) and sensitizing cells to UV radiation. Natural complexes of Siva-1/BCL-X(L) are detected in HUT78 and murine thymocyte, suggesting a potential role for Siva-1 in regulating T cell homeostasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li Xue
- Cancer Immunology and AIDS, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Kaech SM, Wherry EJ, Ahmed R. Effector and memory T-cell differentiation: implications for vaccine development. Nat Rev Immunol 2002; 2:251-62. [PMID: 12001996 DOI: 10.1038/nri778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1294] [Impact Index Per Article: 58.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Recent work shows that after stimulation with antigen, CD4+ and CD8+ T cells embark on a programme of proliferation that is closely linked with the acquisition of effector functions and leads ultimately to memory-cell formation. Here, we discuss the signals required for commitment to this programme of development and the factors that might influence its progression. Models of the pathways of effector and memory T-cell differentiation are discussed, and we highlight the implications of this new understanding for the optimization of vaccine strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Susan M Kaech
- Emory Vaccine Center and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Kelly JM, Darcy PK, Markby JL, Godfrey DI, Takeda K, Yagita H, Smyth MJ. Induction of tumor-specific T cell memory by NK cell-mediated tumor rejection. Nat Immunol 2002; 3:83-90. [PMID: 11743585 DOI: 10.1038/ni746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 257] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells may modulate the development of adaptive immune responses, but until now there has been little evidence to support this hypothesis. We investigated the primary and secondary immunity elicited by various tumor cell lines that express CD70 and interact with CD70 ligand (CD27), which is constitutively expressed on NK cells. CD70 expression enhanced primary tumor rejection in vivo as well as T cell immunity against secondary tumor challenge. Primary rejection of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I-deficient RMA-S.CD70 tumor cells was mediated by NK cells and perforin- and interferon-gamma-dependent mechanisms. This NK cell-mediated process also efficiently evoked the subsequent development of tumor-specific cytotoxic and T helper type 1 responses to the parental, MHC class I-sufficient, RMA tumor cells. Thus CD27-CD70 interactions provide a key link between innate NK cell responses and adaptive T cell immunity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Janice M Kelly
- Cancer Immunology Program, Sir Donald and Lady Trescowthick Laboratories, Peter MacCallum Cancer Institute, St. Andrews Place, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Arens R, Tesselaar K, Baars PA, van Schijndel GM, Hendriks J, Pals ST, Krimpenfort P, Borst J, van Oers MH, van Lier RA. Constitutive CD27/CD70 interaction induces expansion of effector-type T cells and results in IFNgamma-mediated B cell depletion. Immunity 2001; 15:801-12. [PMID: 11728341 DOI: 10.1016/s1074-7613(01)00236-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 201] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The interaction between the TNF receptor family member CD27 and its ligand CD70 provides a costimulatory signal for T cell expansion. Normally, tightly regulated expression of CD70 ensures the transient availability of this costimulatory signal. Mice expressing constitutive CD70 on B cells had higher peripheral T cell numbers that showed increased differentiation toward effector-type T cells. B cell numbers in CD70 transgenic (TG) mice progressively decreased in primary and secondary lymphoid organs. This B cell depletion was caused by CD27-induced production of IFNgamma in T cells. We conclude that apart from its role in controlling the size of the activated T cell pool, CD27 ligation contributes to immunity by facilitating effector T cell differentiation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Arens
- Department of Hematology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Hendriks J, Gravestein LA, Tesselaar K, van Lier RA, Schumacher TN, Borst J. CD27 is required for generation and long-term maintenance of T cell immunity. Nat Immunol 2000; 1:433-40. [PMID: 11062504 DOI: 10.1038/80877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 573] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The Traf-linked tumor necrosis factor receptor family member CD27 is known as a T cell costimulatory molecule. We generated CD27-/- mice and found that CD27 makes essential contributions to mature CD4+ and CD8+ T cell function: CD27 supported antigen-specific expansion (but not effector cell maturation) of naïve T cells, independent of the cell cycle-promoting activities of CD28 and interleukin 2. Primary CD4+ and CD8+ T cell responses to influenza virus were impaired in CD27-/- mice. Effects of deleting the gene encoding CD27 were most profound on T cell memory, reflected by delayed response kinetics and reduction of CD8+ virus-specific T cell numbers to the level seen in the primary response. This demonstrates the requirement for a costimulatory receptor in the generation of T cell memory.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Hendriks
- Divisions of Cellular Biochemistry, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Nakajima A, Oshima H, Nohara C, Morimoto S, Yoshino S, Kobata T, Yagita H, Okumura K. Involvement of CD70-CD27 interactions in the induction of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. J Neuroimmunol 2000; 109:188-96. [PMID: 10996221 DOI: 10.1016/s0165-5728(00)00324-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
CD70/CD27 are cell surface molecules belonging to the TNF/TNF-receptor families. Ligation of CD27 by its ligand CD70 is thought to be important in T cell activation and T cell-B cell interaction. However, the in vivo function of these molecules during the establishment of cell-mediated immunity remains unclear. In this study, we examined the contribution of CD70-CD27 interactions to cell-mediated immunity by investigating the effect of anti-CD70 mAb on the development of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). Treatment of SJL/J mice with anti-CD70 mAb prevented EAE induced by immunization with PLP(139-151). The preventive effect of anti-CD70 mAb was not due to the inhibition of T cell priming and antibody production from B cells, or immune deviation. However, TNF-alpha production was suppressed by treatment with anti-CD70 mAb, indicating that the ameliorating effect of anti-CD70 mAb appeared, at least in part, to be mediated by the inhibition of TNF-alpha production. These results indicate that the CD70-CD27 interaction plays a pivotal role in the development of cell-mediated autoimmune disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Nakajima
- Department of Joint Disease and Rheumatism, Nippon Medical School, 113-8603, Tokyo, Japan.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|