1
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Tran M, Gilling S, Wu J, Wang L, Shin DJ. miR-141/200c contributes to ethanol-mediated hepatic glycogen metabolism. Mol Metab 2024; 84:101942. [PMID: 38642890 PMCID: PMC11060962 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2024.101942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Hepatic glucose metabolism is profoundly perturbed by excessive alcohol intake. miR-141/200c expression is significantly induced by chronic ethanol feeding. This study aimed at identifying the role of miR-141/200c in glucose homeostasis during chronic ethanol exposure. METHODS WT and miR-141/200c KO mice were fed a control or an ethanol diet for 30 days, followed by a single binge of maltose dextrin or ethanol, respectively. Untargeted metabolomics analysis of hepatic primary metabolites was performed along with analyses for liver histology, gene expression, intracellular signaling pathways, and physiological relevance. Primary hepatocytes were used for mechanistic studies. RESULTS miR-141/200c deficiency rewires hepatic glucose metabolism during chronic ethanol feeding, increasing the abundance of glucose intermediates including G6P, an allosteric activator for GS. miR-141/200c deficiency replenished glycogen depletion during chronic ethanol feeding accompanied by reduced GS phosphorylation in parallel with increased expression of PP1 glycogen targeting subunits. Moreover, miR-141/200c deficiency prevented ethanol-mediated increases in AMPK and CaMKK2 activity. Ethanol treatment reduced glycogen content in WT-hepatocytes, which was reversed by dorsomorphin, a selective AMPK inhibitor, while KO-hepatocytes displayed higher glycogen content than WT-hepatocytes in response to ethanol treatment. Furthermore, treatment of hepatocytes with A23187, a calcium ionophore activating CaMKK2, lowered glycogen content in WT-hepatocytes. Notably, the suppressive effect of A23187 on glycogen deposition was reversed by dorsomorphin, demonstrating that the glycogen depletion by A23187 is mediated by AMPK. KO-hepatocytes exhibited higher glycogen content than WT-hepatocytes in response to A23187. Finally, miR-141/200c deficiency led to improved glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity during chronic ethanol feeding. CONCLUSIONS miR-141/200c deficiency replenishes ethanol-mediated hepatic glycogen depletion through the regulation of GS activity and calcium signaling coupled with the AMPK pathway, improving glucose homeostasis and insulin sensitivity. These results underscore miR-141/200c as a potential therapeutic target for the management of alcohol intoxication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie Tran
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, University of Connecticut, 75 N. Eagleville Rd, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - Shaynian Gilling
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, University of Connecticut, 75 N. Eagleville Rd, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - Jianguo Wu
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, University of Connecticut, 75 N. Eagleville Rd, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Digestive Diseases, Yale University, 333 Cedar St, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Dong-Ju Shin
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, University of Connecticut, 75 N. Eagleville Rd, Storrs, CT 06269, USA.
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2
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Samson N, Bosoi CR, Roy C, Turcotte L, Tribouillard L, Mouchiroud M, Berthiaume L, Trottier J, Silva HCG, Guerbette T, Plata-Gómez AB, Besse-Patin A, Montoni A, Ilacqua N, Lamothe J, Citron YR, Gélinas Y, Gobeil S, Zoncu R, Caron A, Morissette M, Pellegrini L, Rochette PJ, Estall JL, Efeyan A, Shum M, Audet-Walsh É, Barbier O, Marette A, Laplante M. HSDL2 links nutritional cues to bile acid and cholesterol homeostasis. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eadk9681. [PMID: 38820148 PMCID: PMC11141617 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adk9681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024]
Abstract
In response to energy and nutrient shortage, the liver triggers several catabolic processes to promote survival. Despite recent progress, the precise molecular mechanisms regulating the hepatic adaptation to fasting remain incompletely characterized. Here, we report the identification of hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase-like 2 (HSDL2) as a mitochondrial protein highly induced by fasting. We show that the activation of PGC1α-PPARα and the inhibition of the PI3K-mTORC1 axis stimulate HSDL2 expression in hepatocytes. We found that HSDL2 depletion decreases cholesterol conversion to bile acids (BAs) and impairs FXR activity. HSDL2 knockdown also reduces mitochondrial respiration, fatty acid oxidation, and TCA cycle activity. Bioinformatics analyses revealed that hepatic Hsdl2 expression positively associates with the postprandial excursion of various BA species in mice. We show that liver-specific HSDL2 depletion affects BA metabolism and decreases circulating cholesterol levels upon refeeding. Overall, our report identifies HSDL2 as a fasting-induced mitochondrial protein that links nutritional signals to BAs and cholesterol homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nolwenn Samson
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec (CRIUCPQ), Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
- Centre de recherche sur le cancer de l’Université Laval, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Cristina R. Bosoi
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec (CRIUCPQ), Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Christian Roy
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec (CRIUCPQ), Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Laurie Turcotte
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec (CRIUCPQ), Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Laura Tribouillard
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec (CRIUCPQ), Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
- Centre de recherche sur le cancer de l’Université Laval, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Mathilde Mouchiroud
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec (CRIUCPQ), Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
- Centre de recherche sur le cancer de l’Université Laval, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Line Berthiaume
- Centre de recherche sur le cancer de l’Université Laval, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
- Centre de recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Québec-Université Laval, Axe Endocrinologie et néphrologie, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Jocelyn Trottier
- Centre de recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Québec-Université Laval, Axe Endocrinologie et néphrologie, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Heitor C. G. Silva
- Centre de recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Québec-Université Laval, Axe Endocrinologie et néphrologie, Québec, QC, Canada
- Faculté de médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Thomas Guerbette
- Centre de recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Québec-Université Laval, Axe Endocrinologie et néphrologie, Québec, QC, Canada
- Faculté de médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Ana Belén Plata-Gómez
- Metabolism and Cell Signaling Laboratory, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - Aurèle Besse-Patin
- Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Alicia Montoni
- Axe Médecine régénératrice, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Hôpital du Saint-Sacrement, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Nicolò Ilacqua
- Faculté de médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
- Centre de recherche CERVO, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Jennifer Lamothe
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec (CRIUCPQ), Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Yemima R. Citron
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Innovative Genomics Initiative at the University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Yves Gélinas
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec (CRIUCPQ), Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | | | - Roberto Zoncu
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Innovative Genomics Initiative at the University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Alexandre Caron
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec (CRIUCPQ), Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
- Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Mathieu Morissette
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec (CRIUCPQ), Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
- Faculté de médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Luca Pellegrini
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, QC, Canada
| | - Patrick J. Rochette
- Faculté de médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
- Axe Médecine régénératrice, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Hôpital du Saint-Sacrement, Québec, QC, Canada
- Département d’Ophtalmologie et ORL – chirurgie cervico-faciale, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Jennifer L. Estall
- Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montréal, QC, Canada
- Faculté de médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Alejo Efeyan
- Metabolism and Cell Signaling Laboratory, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - Michael Shum
- Centre de recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Québec-Université Laval, Axe Endocrinologie et néphrologie, Québec, QC, Canada
- Faculté de médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Étienne Audet-Walsh
- Centre de recherche sur le cancer de l’Université Laval, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
- Centre de recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Québec-Université Laval, Axe Endocrinologie et néphrologie, Québec, QC, Canada
- Faculté de médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Olivier Barbier
- Centre de recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Québec-Université Laval, Axe Endocrinologie et néphrologie, Québec, QC, Canada
- Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - André Marette
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec (CRIUCPQ), Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
- Faculté de médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Mathieu Laplante
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec (CRIUCPQ), Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
- Centre de recherche sur le cancer de l’Université Laval, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
- Faculté de médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
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3
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Han HK, Mukherjee S, Park SY, Lee JH, Lee EH, Kim S, Lee YH, Song DK, Lee S, Bae JH, Im SS. Regulation of Betaine Homocysteine Methyltransferase by Liver Receptor Homolog-1 in the Methionine Cycle. Mol Cell Biol 2024:1-14. [PMID: 38804232 DOI: 10.1080/10985549.2024.2354821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Betaine-homocysteine S-methyltransferase (BHMT) is one of the most abundant proteins in the liver and regulates homocysteine metabolism. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying Bhmt transcription have not yet been elucidated. This study aimed to assess the molecular mechanisms underlying Bhmt transcription and the effect of BHMT deficiency on metabolic functions in the liver mediated by liver receptor homolog-1 (LRH-1). During fasting, both Bhmt and Lrh-1 expression increased in the liver of Lrh-1f/f mice; however, Bhmt expression was decreased in LRH-1 liver specific knockout mice. Promoter activity analysis confirmed that LRH-1 binds to a specific site in the Bhmt promoter region. LRH-1 deficiency was associated with elevated production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), lipid peroxidation, and mitochondrial stress in hepatocytes, contributing to hepatic triglyceride (TG) accumulation. In conclusion, this study suggests that the absence of an LRH-1-mediated decrease in Bhmt expression promotes TG accumulation by increasing ROS levels and inducing mitochondrial stress. Therefore, LRH-1 deficiency not only leads to excess ROS production and mitochondrial stress in hepatocytes, but also disrupts the methionine cycle. Understanding these regulatory pathways may pave the way for novel therapeutic interventions against metabolic disorders associated with hepatic lipid accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee-Kyung Han
- Department of Physiology, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Sulagna Mukherjee
- Department of Physiology, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Young Park
- Department of Physiology, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Ho Lee
- Department of Physiology, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Ho Lee
- Department of Physiology, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Suji Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Keimyung University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun Han Lee
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae-Kyu Song
- Department of Physiology, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Sooyeun Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Keimyung University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Hoon Bae
- Department of Physiology, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Soon Im
- Department of Physiology, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
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4
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Casey AK, Stewart NM, Zaidi N, Gray HF, Cox A, Fields HA, Orth K. FicD regulates adaptation to the unfolded protein response in the murine liver. Biochimie 2024; 225:114-124. [PMID: 38740171 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2024.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
The unfolded protein response (UPR) is a cellular stress response that is activated when misfolded proteins accumulate in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Regulation of the UPR response must be adapted to the needs of the cell as prolonged UPR responses can result in disrupted cellular function and tissue damage. Previously, we discovered that the enzyme FicD (also known as Fic or HYPE) through its AMPylation and deAMPylation activity can modulate the UPR response via post-translational modification of BiP. FicD AMPylates BiP during homeostasis and deAMPylates BiP during stress. We hypothesized that FicD regulation of the UPR will play a role in mitigating the deleterious effects of UPR activation in tissues with frequent physiological stress. Here, we explore the role of FicD in the murine liver. As seen in our pancreatic studies, livers lacking FicD exhibit enhanced UPR signaling in response to short term physiologic fasting and feeding stress. However, in contrast to studies on the pancreas, livers, as a more regenerative tissue, remained remarkably resilient in the absence of FicD. The livers of FicD-/- did not show marked changes in UPR signaling or damage after either chronic high fat diet (HFD) feeding or acute pathological UPR induction. Intriguingly, FicD-/- mice showed changes in UPR induction and weight loss patterns following repeated pathological UPR induction. These findings indicate that FicD regulates UPR responses during mild physiological stress and in adaptation to repeated stresses, but there are tissue specific differences in the requirement for FicD regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda K Casey
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Nathan M Stewart
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Naqi Zaidi
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Hillery F Gray
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Amelia Cox
- Washington and Lee University, Lexington, VA, 24450, USA
| | - Hazel A Fields
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Kim Orth
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA; Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA.
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5
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Usha Satheesan S, Chowdhury S, Kolthur-Seetharam U. Metabolic and circadian inputs encode anticipatory biogenesis of hepatic fed microRNAs. Life Sci Alliance 2024; 7:e202302180. [PMID: 38408795 PMCID: PMC10897495 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202302180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Starvation and refeeding are mostly unanticipated in the wild in terms of duration, frequency, and nutritional value of the refed state. Notwithstanding this, organisms mount efficient and reproducible responses to restore metabolic homeostasis. Hence, it is intuitive to invoke expectant molecular mechanisms that build anticipatory responses to enable physiological toggling during fed-fast cycles. In this regard, we report anticipatory biogenesis of oscillatory hepatic microRNAs that peak during a fed state and inhibit starvation-responsive genes. Our results clearly demonstrate that the levels of primary and precursor microRNA transcripts increase during a fasting state, in anticipation of a fed response. We delineate the importance of both metabolic and circadian cues in orchestrating hepatic fed microRNA homeostasis in a physiological setting. Besides illustrating metabo-endocrine control, our findings provide a mechanistic basis for the overarching influence of starvation on anticipatory biogenesis. Importantly, by using pharmacological agents that are widely used in clinics, we point out the high potential of interventions to restore homeostasis of hepatic microRNAs, whose deregulated expression is otherwise well established to cause metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Usha Satheesan
- https://ror.org/03ht1xw27 Department of Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai, India
| | - Shreyam Chowdhury
- https://ror.org/03ht1xw27 Department of Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai, India
| | - Ullas Kolthur-Seetharam
- https://ror.org/03ht1xw27 Department of Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai, India
- https://ror.org/03ht1xw27 Tata Institute of Fundamental Research- Hyderabad (TIFR-H), Hyderabad, India
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6
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Hauck AK, Mehmood R, Carpenter BJ, Frankfurter MT, Tackenberg MC, Inoue SI, Krieg MK, Cassim Bawa FN, Midha MK, Zundell DM, Batmanov K, Lazar MA. Nuclear receptor corepressors non-canonically drive glucocorticoid receptor-dependent activation of hepatic gluconeogenesis. Nat Metab 2024; 6:825-836. [PMID: 38622413 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-024-01029-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Nuclear receptor corepressors (NCoRs) function in multiprotein complexes containing histone deacetylase 3 (HDAC3) to alter transcriptional output primarily through repressive chromatin remodelling at target loci1-5. In the liver, loss of HDAC3 causes a marked hepatosteatosis largely because of de-repression of genes involved in lipid metabolism6,7; however, the individual roles and contribution of other complex members to hepatic and systemic metabolic regulation are unclear. Here we show that adult loss of both NCoR1 and NCoR2 (double knockout (KO)) in hepatocytes phenocopied the hepatomegalic fatty liver phenotype of HDAC3 KO. In addition, double KO livers exhibited a dramatic reduction in glycogen storage and gluconeogenic gene expression that was not observed with hepatic KO of individual NCoRs or HDAC3, resulting in profound fasting hypoglycaemia. This surprising HDAC3-independent activation function of NCoR1 and NCoR2 is due to an unexpected loss of chromatin accessibility on deletion of NCoRs that prevented glucocorticoid receptor binding and stimulatory effect on gluconeogenic genes. These studies reveal an unanticipated, non-canonical activation function of NCoRs that is required for metabolic health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy K Hauck
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Rashid Mehmood
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Bryce J Carpenter
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Maxwell T Frankfurter
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Michael C Tackenberg
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Shin-Ichi Inoue
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Maria K Krieg
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Fathima N Cassim Bawa
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Mohit K Midha
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Delaine M Zundell
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Kirill Batmanov
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Mitchell A Lazar
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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7
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Granath-Panelo M, Kajimura S. Mitochondrial heterogeneity and adaptations to cellular needs. Nat Cell Biol 2024; 26:674-686. [PMID: 38755301 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-024-01410-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Although it is well described that mitochondria are at the epicentre of the energy demands of a cell, it is becoming important to consider how each cell tailors its mitochondrial composition and functions to suit its particular needs beyond ATP production. Here we provide insight into mitochondrial heterogeneity throughout development as well as in tissues with specific energy demands and discuss how mitochondrial malleability contributes to cell fate determination and tissue remodelling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melia Granath-Panelo
- Division of Endocrinology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Molecular Metabolism, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Shingo Kajimura
- Division of Endocrinology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston, MA, USA.
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8
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Okada J, Landgraf A, Xiaoli AM, Liu L, Horton M, Schuster VL, Yang F, Sidoli S, Qiu Y, Kurland IJ, Eliscovich C, Shinoda K, Pessin JE. Spatial hepatocyte plasticity of gluconeogenesis during the metabolic transitions between fed, fasted and starvation states. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.04.29.591168. [PMID: 38746329 PMCID: PMC11092462 DOI: 10.1101/2024.04.29.591168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
The liver acts as a master regulator of metabolic homeostasis in part by performing gluconeogenesis. This process is dysregulated in type 2 diabetes, leading to elevated hepatic glucose output. The parenchymal cells of the liver (hepatocytes) are heterogeneous, existing on an axis between the portal triad and the central vein, and perform distinct functions depending on location in the lobule. Here, using single cell analysis of hepatocytes across the liver lobule, we demonstrate that gluconeogenic gene expression ( Pck1 and G6pc ) is relatively low in the fed state and gradually increases first in the periportal hepatocytes during the initial fasting period. As the time of fasting progresses, pericentral hepatocyte gluconeogenic gene expression increases, and following entry into the starvation state, the pericentral hepatocytes show similar gluconeogenic gene expression to the periportal hepatocytes. Similarly, pyruvate-dependent gluconeogenic activity is approximately 10-fold higher in the periportal hepatocytes during the initial fasting state but only 1.5-fold higher in the starvation state. In parallel, starvation suppresses canonical beta-catenin signaling and modulates expression of pericentral and periportal glutamine synthetase and glutaminase, resulting in an enhanced pericentral glutamine-dependent gluconeogenesis. These findings demonstrate that hepatocyte gluconeogenic gene expression and gluconeogenic activity are highly spatially and temporally plastic across the liver lobule, underscoring the critical importance of using well-defined feeding and fasting conditions to define the basis of hepatic insulin resistance and glucose production.
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9
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Casey AK, Stewart NM, Zaidi N, Gray HF, Cox A, Fields HA, Orth K. FicD regulates adaptation to the unfolded protein response in the murine liver. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.04.15.589620. [PMID: 38659954 PMCID: PMC11042336 DOI: 10.1101/2024.04.15.589620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
The unfolded protein response (UPR) is a cellular stress response that is activated when misfolded proteins accumulate in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). The UPR elicits a signaling cascade that results in an upregulation of protein folding machinery and cell survival signals. However, prolonged UPR responses can result in elevated cellular inflammation, damage, and even cell death. Thus, regulation of the UPR response must be tuned to the needs of the cell, sensitive enough to respond to the stress but pliable enough to be stopped after the crisis has passed. Previously, we discovered that the bi-functional enzyme FicD can modulate the UPR response via post-translational modification of BiP. FicD AMPylates BiP during homeostasis and deAMPylates BiP during stress. We found this activity is important for the physiological regulation of the exocrine pancreas. Here, we explore the role of FicD in the murine liver. Like our previous studies, livers lacking FicD exhibit enhanced UPR signaling in response to short term physiologic fasting and feeding stress. However, the livers of FicD -/- did not show marked changes in UPR signaling or damage after either chronic high fat diet (HFD) feeding or acute pathological UPR induction. Intriguingly, FicD -/- mice showed changes in UPR induction and weight loss patterns following repeated pathological UPR induction. These findings show that FicD regulates UPR responses during mild physiological stress and may play a role in maintaining resiliency of tissue through adaptation to repeated ER stress.
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10
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Jiang C, Li P, Ma Y, Yoneda N, Kawai K, Uehara S, Ohnishi Y, Suemizu H, Cao H. Comprehensive gene profiling of the metabolic landscape of humanized livers in mice. J Hepatol 2024; 80:622-633. [PMID: 38049085 PMCID: PMC10947884 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2023.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS The human liver transcriptome is complex and highly dynamic, e.g. one gene may produce multiple distinct transcripts, each with distinct posttranscriptional modifications. Direct knowledge of transcriptome dynamics, however, is largely obscured by the inaccessibility of the human liver to treatments and the insufficient annotation of the human liver transcriptome at transcript and RNA modification levels. METHODS We generated mice that carry humanized livers of identical genetic background and subjected them to representative metabolic treatments. We then analyzed the humanized livers with nanopore single-molecule direct RNA sequencing to determine the expression level, m6A modification and poly(A) tail length of all RNA transcript isoforms. Our system allows for the de novo annotation of human liver transcriptomes to reflect metabolic responses and for the study of transcriptome dynamics in parallel. RESULTS Our analysis uncovered a vast number of novel genes and transcripts. Our transcript-level analysis of human liver transcriptomes also identified a multitude of regulated metabolic pathways that were otherwise invisible using conventional short-read RNA sequencing. We revealed for the first time the dynamic changes in m6A and poly(A) tail length of human liver transcripts, many of which are transcribed from key metabolic genes. Furthermore, we performed comparative analyses of gene regulation between humans and mice, and between two individuals using the liver-specific humanized mice, revealing that transcriptome dynamics are highly species- and genetic background-dependent. CONCLUSION Our work revealed a complex metabolic response landscape of the human liver transcriptome and provides a novel resource to understand transcriptome dynamics of the human liver in response to physiologically relevant metabolic stimuli (https://caolab.shinyapps.io/human_hepatocyte_landscape/). IMPACT AND IMPLICATIONS Direct knowledge of the human liver transcriptome is currently very limited, hindering the overall understanding of human liver pathophysiology. We combined a liver-specific humanized mouse model and long-read direct RNA sequencing technology to establish a de novo annotation of the human liver transcriptome and identified a multitude of regulated metabolic pathways that were otherwise invisible using conventional technologies. The extensive regulatory information on human genes we provided could enable basic scientists to infer the pathological relevance of their genes of interest and physician scientists to better pinpoint the changes in metabolic networks underlying a specific pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengfei Jiang
- Cardiovascular Branch, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Ping Li
- Cardiovascular Branch, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Yonghe Ma
- Cardiovascular Branch, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Nao Yoneda
- Liver Engineering Laboratory, Department of Applied Research for Laboratory Animals, Central Institute for Experimental Animals (CIEA), 3-25-12 Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki 210-0821, Japan
| | - Kenji Kawai
- Pathology Center, Translational Research and Contract Research Service Division, Central Institute for Experimental Animals (CIEA), 3-25-12 Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki 210-0821, Japan
| | - Shotaro Uehara
- Liver Engineering Laboratory, Department of Applied Research for Laboratory Animals, Central Institute for Experimental Animals (CIEA), 3-25-12 Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki 210-0821, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Ohnishi
- Liver Engineering Laboratory, Department of Applied Research for Laboratory Animals, Central Institute for Experimental Animals (CIEA), 3-25-12 Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki 210-0821, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Suemizu
- Liver Engineering Laboratory, Department of Applied Research for Laboratory Animals, Central Institute for Experimental Animals (CIEA), 3-25-12 Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki 210-0821, Japan
| | - Haiming Cao
- Cardiovascular Branch, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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11
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Yang Y, Wu G, Sancar A, Hogenesch JB. Mutations of the circadian clock genes Cry, Per, or Bmal1 have different effects on the transcribed and nontranscribed strands of cycling genes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2316731121. [PMID: 38359290 PMCID: PMC10895256 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2316731121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
One important goal of circadian medicine is to apply time-of-day dosing to improve the efficacy of chemotherapy. However, limited knowledge of how the circadian clock regulates DNA repair presents a challenge to mechanism-based clinical application. We studied time-series genome-wide nucleotide excision repair in liver and kidney of wild type and three different clock mutant genotypes (Cry1-/-Cry2-/-, Per1-/-Per2-/-, and Bmal1-/-). Rhythmic repair on the nontranscribed strand was lost in all three clock mutants. Conversely, rhythmic repair of hundreds of genes on the transcribed strand (TSs) persisted in the livers of Cry1-/-Cry2-/- and Per1-/-Per2-/- mice. We identified a tissue-specific, promoter element-driven repair mode on TSs of collagen and angiogenesis genes in the absence of clock activators or repressors. Furthermore, repair on TSs of thousands of genes was altered when the circadian clock is disrupted. These data contribute to a better understanding of the regulatory role of the circadian clock on nucleotide excision repair in mammals and may be invaluable toward the design of time-aware platinum-based interventions in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Yang
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599
| | - Gang Wu
- Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267
| | - Aziz Sancar
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599
| | - John B Hogenesch
- Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267
- Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229
- Divisions of Pulmonary Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229
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12
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López-Pérez SJ, Ureña-Guerrero ME, Bañuelos-Pineda J. An extract of Hibiscus sabdariffa improves short-term memory in rats with experimental diabetic hyperglycemia. Nutr Neurosci 2024:1-11. [PMID: 38193451 DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2023.2301166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Calyxes of Hibiscus sabdariffa (Hs) contain anthocyanins, that normalize blood glucose levels (BGL) in diabetic patients. Diabetes also causes memory alterations, which could hypothetically decrease with the consumption of Hs. OBJECTIVES To investigate the effect of dietary supplementation with a Hs extract on working memory and BGL in rats. METHODS Diabetic hyperglycemia (DHG) was induced with streptozotocin (STZ, 55 mg/kg i.p.) in Wistar rats. After 72 h DHG was confirmed, and the consumption of Hs extract began (50 mg/Kg/day). BGL and body weight (BW) were measured at 10, 20 and 30 days after DHG induction in controls and treated animals. Learning and short-term memory were evaluated after 30 days with Novel Object Recognition Test (NOR) and Barnes Maze (BM). The gross hippocampal structure was histologically analyzed. RESULTS STZ-treated animals presented low BW and persistent DHG (BGL <300 mg/dL). Diabetic animals consuming the Hs extract had a dual response: some showed BGL comparable to controls, while others had levels comparable to diabetic animals not consuming extract. Diabetic animals that consumed the Hs extract had a better performance in NOR and BM than the diabetic animals not consuming the extract. At the histological level, hippocampal morphological differences were observed between diabetic animals that consumed the extract and those that did not. DISCUSSION The Hs extract used here could be a good co-adjuvant in the treatment of DHG, aimed at mitigating memory deficits and high BGL. These beneficial effects could be attributed to the anthocyanin content in the extract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia J López-Pérez
- Departamento de Biología Celular y Molecular, Centro Universitario de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias (CUCBA), Universidad de Guadalajara. Zapopan, Jalisco, México
| | - Mónica E Ureña-Guerrero
- Departamento de Biología Celular y Molecular, Centro Universitario de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias (CUCBA), Universidad de Guadalajara. Zapopan, Jalisco, México
| | - Jacinto Bañuelos-Pineda
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinaria, Centro Universitario de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias (CUCBA), Universidad de Guadalajara. Zapopan, Jalisco, México
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13
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Tsuno S, Harada K, Horikoshi M, Mita M, Kitaguchi T, Hirai MY, Matsumoto M, Tsuboi T. Mitochondrial ATP concentration decreases immediately after glucose administration to glucose-deprived hepatocytes. FEBS Open Bio 2024; 14:79-95. [PMID: 38049196 PMCID: PMC10761928 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.13744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocytes can switch their metabolic processes in response to nutrient availability. However, the dynamics of metabolites (such as lactate, pyruvate, and ATP) in hepatocytes during the metabolic switch remain unknown. In this study, we visualized metabolite dynamics in primary cultured hepatocytes during recovery from glucose-deprivation. We observed a decrease in the mitochondrial ATP concentration when glucose was administered to hepatocytes under glucose-deprivation conditions. In contrast, there was slight change in the cytoplasmic ATP concentration. A decrease in mitochondrial ATP concentration was associated with increased protein synthesis rather than glycogen synthesis, activation of urea cycle, and production of reactive oxygen species. These results suggest that mitochondrial ATP is important in switching metabolic processes in the hepatocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saki Tsuno
- Department of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and SciencesThe University of TokyoTokyoJapan
- Dairy Science and Technology InstituteKyodo Milk Industry Co., Ltd.TokyoJapan
| | - Kazuki Harada
- Department of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and SciencesThe University of TokyoTokyoJapan
| | - Mina Horikoshi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of ScienceThe University of TokyoTokyoJapan
| | - Marie Mita
- Department of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and SciencesThe University of TokyoTokyoJapan
- Present address:
Biomedical Research InstituteNational Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and TechnologyOsakaJapan
| | - Tetsuya Kitaguchi
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Institute of Innovative ResearchTokyo Institute of TechnologyYokohamaJapan
| | | | - Mitsuharu Matsumoto
- Dairy Science and Technology InstituteKyodo Milk Industry Co., Ltd.TokyoJapan
| | - Takashi Tsuboi
- Department of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and SciencesThe University of TokyoTokyoJapan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of ScienceThe University of TokyoTokyoJapan
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14
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Ramineedu K, Sankaran KR, Mallepogu V, Rendedula DP, Gunturu R, Gandham S, Md SI, Meriga B. Thymoquinone mitigates obesity and diabetic parameters through regulation of major adipokines, key lipid metabolizing enzymes and AMPK/p-AMPK in diet-induced obese rats. 3 Biotech 2024; 14:16. [PMID: 38125651 PMCID: PMC10728404 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-023-03847-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study was designed to evaluate the anti-obesity and anti-hyperglycemic activity of Thymoquinone (ThyQ) isolated from Nigella sativa seeds. Male Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups and fed either normal pellet diet or high-fat diet (HFD) for 18 weeks and water ad-libitum. Group I: normal pellet diet (NPD)-fed, Group II: high-fat diet (HFD)-fed, Group III: HFD-fed-ThyQ (20 mg)-treated, Group IV: HFD-fed-ThyQ (40 mg)-treated and Group V: HFD-fed-Orlistat (5 mg)-treated group. Intervention with ThyQ started from 12th week onwards to HFD-fed rats of group III and IV. ThyQ administration significantly (p < 0.01) mitigated body weight gain, blood glucose, insulin level, serum and liver lipids (except HDL) and improved glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity as evaluated by oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and insulin tolerance test (ITT). Furthermore, ThyQ significantly (p < 0.01) diminished serum aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC), plasma leptin, resistin and visfatin levels but enhanced lipoprotein lipase (LPL) and adiponectin levels. RT-PCR analysis demonstrated down-regulated mRNA expression of sterol regulatory element-binding proteins-1c (SREBP-1c), CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein-α (C/EBP-α) and fatty acid synthase (FAS) but upregulation of Insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1).Western blot analysis displayed phosphorylation of adenosine monophosphate activated protein kinase (AMPK) in ThyQ-treated rats. Liver microtome sections of HFD-fed rats showed degenerated hepatocytes with high lipid stores while that of adipose tissue sections displayed large, fat-laden adipocytes, however, these histological changes were considerably attenuated in ThyQ-treated groups. Together these findings demonstrate that ThyQ can be a valuable therapeutic compound to potentially alleviate diet-induced obesity, hyperglycemia and insulin resistance. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-023-03847-x.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keerthi Ramineedu
- Division of Cell Culture and Molecular Biology, Department of Biochemistry, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh 517502 India
| | - Karunakaran Reddy Sankaran
- Division of Cell Culture and Molecular Biology, Department of Biochemistry, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh 517502 India
| | - Venkataswamy Mallepogu
- Division of Cell Culture and Molecular Biology, Department of Biochemistry, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh 517502 India
| | | | | | - Sreedevi Gandham
- Department of ECE, Siddartha Educational Academy Group of Institutions, Tirupati, AP 517502 India
| | - Shahidul Islam Md
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Durban, 4000 South Africa
| | - Balaji Meriga
- Division of Cell Culture and Molecular Biology, Department of Biochemistry, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh 517502 India
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15
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BaHammam AS, Pirzada A. Timing Matters: The Interplay between Early Mealtime, Circadian Rhythms, Gene Expression, Circadian Hormones, and Metabolism-A Narrative Review. Clocks Sleep 2023; 5:507-535. [PMID: 37754352 PMCID: PMC10528427 DOI: 10.3390/clockssleep5030034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Achieving synchronization between the central and peripheral body clocks is essential for ensuring optimal metabolic function. Meal timing is an emerging field of research that investigates the influence of eating patterns on our circadian rhythm, metabolism, and overall health. This narrative review examines the relationship between meal timing, circadian rhythm, clock genes, circadian hormones, and metabolic function. It analyzes the existing literature and experimental data to explore the connection between mealtime, circadian rhythms, and metabolic processes. The available evidence highlights the importance of aligning mealtime with the body's natural rhythms to promote metabolic health and prevent metabolic disorders. Specifically, studies show that consuming meals later in the day is associated with an elevated prevalence of metabolic disorders, while early time-restricted eating, such as having an early breakfast and an earlier dinner, improves levels of glucose in the blood and substrate oxidation. Circadian hormones, including cortisol and melatonin, interact with mealtimes and play vital roles in regulating metabolic processes. Cortisol, aligned with dawn in diurnal mammals, activates energy reserves, stimulates appetite, influences clock gene expression, and synchronizes peripheral clocks. Consuming meals during periods of elevated melatonin levels, specifically during the circadian night, has been correlated with potential implications for glucose tolerance. Understanding the mechanisms of central and peripheral clock synchronization, including genetics, interactions with chronotype, sleep duration, and hormonal changes, provides valuable insights for optimizing dietary strategies and timing. This knowledge contributes to improved overall health and well-being by aligning mealtime with the body's natural circadian rhythm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed S. BaHammam
- The University Sleep Disorders Center, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh 11324, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulrouf Pirzada
- North Cumbria Integrated Care (NCIC), National Health Service (NHS), Carlisle CA2 7HY, UK;
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16
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Dubois‐Chevalier J, Gheeraert C, Berthier A, Boulet C, Dubois V, Guille L, Fourcot M, Marot G, Gauthier K, Dubuquoy L, Staels B, Lefebvre P, Eeckhoute J. An extended transcription factor regulatory network controls hepatocyte identity. EMBO Rep 2023; 24:e57020. [PMID: 37424431 PMCID: PMC10481658 DOI: 10.15252/embr.202357020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell identity is specified by a core transcriptional regulatory circuitry (CoRC), typically limited to a small set of interconnected cell-specific transcription factors (TFs). By mining global hepatic TF regulons, we reveal a more complex organization of the transcriptional regulatory network controlling hepatocyte identity. We show that tight functional interconnections controlling hepatocyte identity extend to non-cell-specific TFs beyond the CoRC, which we call hepatocyte identity (Hep-ID)CONNECT TFs. Besides controlling identity effector genes, Hep-IDCONNECT TFs also engage in reciprocal transcriptional regulation with TFs of the CoRC. In homeostatic basal conditions, this translates into Hep-IDCONNECT TFs being involved in fine tuning CoRC TF expression including their rhythmic expression patterns. Moreover, a role for Hep-IDCONNECT TFs in the control of hepatocyte identity is revealed in dedifferentiated hepatocytes where Hep-IDCONNECT TFs are able to reset CoRC TF expression. This is observed upon activation of NR1H3 or THRB in hepatocarcinoma or in hepatocytes subjected to inflammation-induced loss of identity. Our study establishes that hepatocyte identity is controlled by an extended array of TFs beyond the CoRC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Céline Gheeraert
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1011‐EGIDLilleFrance
| | - Alexandre Berthier
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1011‐EGIDLilleFrance
| | - Clémence Boulet
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1011‐EGIDLilleFrance
| | - Vanessa Dubois
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1011‐EGIDLilleFrance
- Basic and Translational Endocrinology (BaTE), Department of Basic and Applied Medical SciencesGhent UniversityGhentBelgium
| | - Loïc Guille
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1011‐EGIDLilleFrance
| | - Marie Fourcot
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, US 41 – UAR 2014 – PLBSLilleFrance
| | - Guillemette Marot
- Univ. Lille, Inria, CHU Lille, ULR 2694 – METRICS: Évaluation des technologies de santé et des pratiques médicalesLilleFrance
| | - Karine Gauthier
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle de Lyon (IGFL), CNRS UMR 5242, INRAE USC 1370, École Normale Supérieure de LyonLyonFrance
| | - Laurent Dubuquoy
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1286 – INFINITE – Institute for Translational Research in InflammationLilleFrance
| | - Bart Staels
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1011‐EGIDLilleFrance
| | - Philippe Lefebvre
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1011‐EGIDLilleFrance
| | - Jérôme Eeckhoute
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1011‐EGIDLilleFrance
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17
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Inoue Y, Suzuki Y, Kunishima Y, Washio T, Morishita S, Takeda H. High-fat diet in early life triggers both reversible and persistent epigenetic changes in the medaka fish (Oryzias latipes). BMC Genomics 2023; 24:472. [PMID: 37605229 PMCID: PMC10441761 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-023-09557-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The nutritional status during early life can have enduring effects on an animal's metabolism, although the mechanisms underlying these long-term effects are still unclear. Epigenetic modifications are considered a prime candidate mechanism for encoding early-life nutritional memories during this critical developmental period. However, the extent to which these epigenetic changes occur and persist over time remains uncertain, in part due to challenges associated with directly stimulating the fetus with specific nutrients in viviparous mammalian systems. RESULTS In this study, we used medaka as an oviparous vertebrate model to establish an early-life high-fat diet (HFD) model. Larvae were fed with HFD from the hatching stages (one week after fertilization) for six weeks, followed by normal chow (NC) for eight weeks until the adult stage. We examined the changes in the transcriptomic and epigenetic state of the liver over this period. We found that HFD induces simple liver steatosis, accompanied by drastic changes in the hepatic transcriptome, chromatin accessibility, and histone modifications, especially in metabolic genes. These changes were largely reversed after the long-term NC, demonstrating the high plasticity of the epigenetic state in hepatocytes. However, we found a certain number of genomic loci showing non-reversible epigenetic changes, especially around genes related to cell signaling, liver fibrosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma, implying persistent changes in the cellular state of the liver triggered by early-life HFD feeding. CONCLUSION In summary, our data show that early-life HFD feeding triggers both reversible and persistent epigenetic changes in medaka hepatocytes. Our data provide novel insights into the epigenetic mechanism of nutritional programming and a comprehensive atlas of the long-term epigenetic state in an early-life HFD model of non-mammalian vertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Inoue
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan.
| | - Yuta Suzuki
- Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-8561, Japan
| | - Yoshimi Kunishima
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Terumi Washio
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Shinichi Morishita
- Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-8561, Japan.
| | - Hiroyuki Takeda
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan.
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Kyoto Sangyo University, Motoyama, Kamigamo, Kita-ku, Kyoto, 603-8555, Japan.
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18
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Montalvo AP, Gruskin ZL, Leduc A, Liu M, Gao Z, Ahn JH, Straubhaar JR, Slavov N, Alvarez-Dominguez JR. An adult clock component links circadian rhythms to pancreatic β-cell maturation. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.08.11.552890. [PMID: 37609178 PMCID: PMC10441398 DOI: 10.1101/2023.08.11.552890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
How ubiquitous circadian clocks orchestrate tissue-specific outputs is not well understood. Pancreatic β cell-autonomous clocks attune insulin secretion to daily energy cycles, and desynchrony from genetic or behavioral disruptions raises type 2 diabetes risk. We show that the transcription factor DEC1, a clock component induced in adult β cells, coordinates their glucose responsiveness by synchronizing energy metabolism and secretory gene oscillations. Dec1-ablated mice develop lifelong hypo-insulinemic diabetes, despite normal islet formation and intact circadian Clock and Bmal1 activators. DEC1, but not CLOCK/BMAL1, binds maturity-linked genes that mediate respiratory metabolism and insulin exocytosis, and Dec1 loss disrupts their transcription synchrony. Accordingly, β-cell Dec1 ablation causes hypo-insulinemia due to immature glucose responsiveness, dampening insulin rhythms. Thus, Dec1 links circadian clockwork to the β-cell maturation process, aligning metabolism to diurnal energy cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana P Montalvo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Zoe L Gruskin
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Institute for Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Andrew Leduc
- Departments of Bioengineering and Biology, Single-Cell Proteomics Center and Barnett Institute, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Mai Liu
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Institute for Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Zihan Gao
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Institute for Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - June H Ahn
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Institute for Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Juerg R Straubhaar
- Bioinformatics Center, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Nikolai Slavov
- Departments of Bioengineering and Biology, Single-Cell Proteomics Center and Barnett Institute, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Juan R Alvarez-Dominguez
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Institute for Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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Astre G, Atlan T, Goshtchevsky U, Oron-Gottesman A, Smirnov M, Shapira K, Velan A, Deelen J, Levy T, Levanon EY, Harel I. Genetic perturbation of AMP biosynthesis extends lifespan and restores metabolic health in a naturally short-lived vertebrate. Dev Cell 2023; 58:1350-1364.e10. [PMID: 37321215 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2023.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
During aging, the loss of metabolic homeostasis drives a myriad of pathologies. A central regulator of cellular energy, the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), orchestrates organismal metabolism. However, direct genetic manipulations of the AMPK complex in mice have, so far, produced detrimental phenotypes. Here, as an alternative approach, we alter energy homeostasis by manipulating the upstream nucleotide pool. Using the turquoise killifish, we mutate APRT, a key enzyme in AMP biosynthesis, and extend the lifespan of heterozygous males. Next, we apply an integrated omics approach to show that metabolic functions are rejuvenated in old mutants, which also display a fasting-like metabolic profile and resistance to high-fat diet. At the cellular level, heterozygous cells exhibit enhanced nutrient sensitivity, reduced ATP levels, and AMPK activation. Finally, lifelong intermittent fasting abolishes the longevity benefits. Our findings suggest that perturbing AMP biosynthesis may modulate vertebrate lifespan and propose APRT as a promising target for promoting metabolic health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gwendoline Astre
- Department of Genetics, the Silberman Institute, the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Givat Ram, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| | - Tehila Atlan
- Department of Genetics, the Silberman Institute, the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Givat Ram, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| | - Uri Goshtchevsky
- Department of Genetics, the Silberman Institute, the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Givat Ram, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| | - Adi Oron-Gottesman
- Department of Genetics, the Silberman Institute, the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Givat Ram, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| | - Margarita Smirnov
- Central Fish Health Laboratory, Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, Nir David 10803, Israel
| | - Kobi Shapira
- Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 52900, Israel
| | - Ariel Velan
- Department of Genetics, the Silberman Institute, the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Givat Ram, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| | - Joris Deelen
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne 50931, Germany; Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Ageing-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne 50931, Germany
| | - Tomer Levy
- Department of Genetics, the Silberman Institute, the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Givat Ram, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| | - Erez Y Levanon
- Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 52900, Israel
| | - Itamar Harel
- Department of Genetics, the Silberman Institute, the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Givat Ram, Jerusalem 91904, Israel.
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20
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Sen D, Maniyadath B, Chowdhury S, Kaur A, Khatri S, Chakraborty A, Mehendale N, Nadagouda S, Sandra U, Kamat SS, Kolthur-Seetharam U. Metabolic regulation of CTCF expression and chromatin association dictates starvation response in mice and flies. iScience 2023; 26:107128. [PMID: 37416476 PMCID: PMC10320512 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Coordinated temporal control of gene expression is essential for physiological homeostasis, especially during metabolic transitions. However, the interplay between chromatin architectural proteins and metabolism in regulating transcription is less understood. Here, we demonstrate a conserved bidirectional interplay between CTCF (CCCTC-binding factor) expression/function and metabolic inputs during feed-fast cycles. Our results indicate that its loci-specific functional diversity is associated with physiological plasticity in mouse hepatocytes. CTCF differential expression and long non-coding RNA-Jpx mediated changes in chromatin occupancy, unraveled its paradoxical yet tuneable functions, which are governed by metabolic inputs. We illustrate the key role of CTCF in controlling temporal cascade of transcriptional response, with effects on hepatic mitochondrial energetics and lipidome. Underscoring the evolutionary conservation of CTCF-dependent metabolic homeostasis, CTCF knockdown in flies abrogated starvation resistance. In summary, we demonstrate the interplay between CTCF and metabolic inputs that highlights the coupled plasticity of physiological responses and chromatin function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devashish Sen
- Department of Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400005, India
| | - Babukrishna Maniyadath
- Department of Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400005, India
| | - Shreyam Chowdhury
- Department of Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400005, India
| | - Arshdeep Kaur
- Department of Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400005, India
| | - Subhash Khatri
- Department of Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400005, India
| | - Arnab Chakraborty
- Department of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune, Maharashtra 411008, India
| | - Neelay Mehendale
- Department of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune, Maharashtra 411008, India
| | - Snigdha Nadagouda
- Tata Institute of Fundamental Research- Hyderabad (TIFR-H), Hyderabad, Telangana 500046, India
| | - U.S. Sandra
- Department of Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400005, India
| | - Siddhesh S. Kamat
- Department of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune, Maharashtra 411008, India
| | - Ullas Kolthur-Seetharam
- Department of Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400005, India
- Tata Institute of Fundamental Research- Hyderabad (TIFR-H), Hyderabad, Telangana 500046, India
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21
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Masschelin PM, Saha P, Ochsner SA, Cox AR, Kim KH, Felix JB, Sharp R, Li X, Tan L, Park JH, Wang L, Putluri V, Lorenzi PL, Nuotio-Antar AM, Sun Z, Kaipparettu BA, Putluri N, Moore DD, Summers SA, McKenna NJ, Hartig SM. Vitamin B2 enables regulation of fasting glucose availability. eLife 2023; 12:e84077. [PMID: 37417957 PMCID: PMC10328530 DOI: 10.7554/elife.84077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) interacts with flavoproteins to mediate oxidation-reduction reactions required for cellular energy demands. Not surprisingly, mutations that alter FAD binding to flavoproteins cause rare inborn errors of metabolism (IEMs) that disrupt liver function and render fasting intolerance, hepatic steatosis, and lipodystrophy. In our study, depleting FAD pools in mice with a vitamin B2-deficient diet (B2D) caused phenotypes associated with organic acidemias and other IEMs, including reduced body weight, hypoglycemia, and fatty liver disease. Integrated discovery approaches revealed B2D tempered fasting activation of target genes for the nuclear receptor PPARα, including those required for gluconeogenesis. We also found PPARα knockdown in the liver recapitulated B2D effects on glucose excursion and fatty liver disease in mice. Finally, treatment with the PPARα agonist fenofibrate activated the integrated stress response and refilled amino acid substrates to rescue fasting glucose availability and overcome B2D phenotypes. These findings identify metabolic responses to FAD availability and nominate strategies for the management of organic acidemias and other rare IEMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter M Masschelin
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Baylor College of MedicineHoustonUnited States
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of MedicineHoustonUnited States
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of MedicineHoustonUnited States
| | - Pradip Saha
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Baylor College of MedicineHoustonUnited States
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of MedicineHoustonUnited States
| | - Scott A Ochsner
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of MedicineHoustonUnited States
| | - Aaron R Cox
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Baylor College of MedicineHoustonUnited States
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of MedicineHoustonUnited States
| | - Kang Ho Kim
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Texas Health Sciences CenterHoustonUnited States
| | - Jessica B Felix
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Baylor College of MedicineHoustonUnited States
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of MedicineHoustonUnited States
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of MedicineHoustonUnited States
| | - Robert Sharp
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Baylor College of MedicineHoustonUnited States
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of MedicineHoustonUnited States
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Baylor College of MedicineHoustonUnited States
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of MedicineHoustonUnited States
| | - Lin Tan
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonUnited States
| | - Jun Hyoung Park
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of MedicineHoustonUnited States
| | - Liping Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, University of UtahSalt Lake CityUnited States
| | - Vasanta Putluri
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of MedicineHoustonUnited States
| | - Philip L Lorenzi
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonUnited States
| | | | - Zheng Sun
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Baylor College of MedicineHoustonUnited States
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of MedicineHoustonUnited States
| | | | - Nagireddy Putluri
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of MedicineHoustonUnited States
| | - David D Moore
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of MedicineHoustonUnited States
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology, University of California, BerkeleyBerkeleyUnited States
| | - Scott A Summers
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, University of UtahSalt Lake CityUnited States
| | - Neil J McKenna
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of MedicineHoustonUnited States
| | - Sean M Hartig
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Baylor College of MedicineHoustonUnited States
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of MedicineHoustonUnited States
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of MedicineHoustonUnited States
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22
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Aboragah AA, Sherlock DN, Wichasit N, Loor JJ. Abundance of proteins and genes associated with nutrient signaling, protein turnover, and transport of amino acids and glucose in fetuses from lactating Holstein cows. Res Vet Sci 2023; 161:69-76. [PMID: 37321013 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2023.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Availability of nutrients in maternal circulation and abundance of nutrient transporters, metabolic enzymes, and nutrient-responsive proteins in fetal tissues coordinate growth. To begin characterizing these mechanisms, we evaluated the abundance of nutrient signaling genes and proteins in bovine fetal tissues. Liver, entire intestine, and semitendinosus muscle were harvested from fetuses (4 female, 2 male) collected at slaughter from 6 clinically-healthy multiparous Holstein dairy cows (167 ± 7 days in milk, 37 ± 6 kg milk/d, 100 ± 3 d gestation). Data were analyzed using PROC MIXED in SAS 9.4. Among proteins measured, abundance of the amino acid (AA) utilization and insulin signaling proteins p-AKT and p-mTOR was greater (P < 0.01) in liver and intestine. The abundance of p-EEF2 (translation elongation) and SLC2A4 (glucose uptake) was greater (P < 0.05) in liver relative to intestine and muscle suggesting this organ has a greater capacity for anabolic processes. In contrast, among mTOR signaling genes, the abundance of IRS1 was greatest (P < 0.01) in muscle and lowest in the intestine, whereas, abundance of AKT1 and mTOR was greater (P < 0.01) in intestine and muscle than liver. Abundance of the protein degradation-related genes UBA1, UBE2G1, and TRIM63 was greater (P < 0.01) in muscle than intestine and liver. Among nutrient transporters, abundance of glucose transporters SLC5A1 and SLC2A2 was greatest (P < 0.01) in the intestine than liver and muscle. Several AA transporters had greater (P < 0.01) abundance in the intestine or liver compared with muscle. Overall, these molecular analyses highlighted important biological differences on various aspects of metabolism in fetal tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad A Aboragah
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana 61801, USA; Department of Animal Production, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Nithat Wichasit
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana 61801, USA; Department of Agricultural Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand
| | - Juan J Loor
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana 61801, USA; Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana 61801, USA.
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23
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Jeon YG, Kim YY, Lee G, Kim JB. Physiological and pathological roles of lipogenesis. Nat Metab 2023; 5:735-759. [PMID: 37142787 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-023-00786-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Lipids are essential metabolites, which function as energy sources, structural components and signalling mediators. Most cells are able to convert carbohydrates into fatty acids, which are often converted into neutral lipids for storage in the form of lipid droplets. Accumulating evidence suggests that lipogenesis plays a crucial role not only in metabolic tissues for systemic energy homoeostasis but also in immune and nervous systems for their proliferation, differentiation and even pathophysiological roles. Thus, excessive or insufficient lipogenesis is closely associated with aberrations in lipid homoeostasis, potentially leading to pathological consequences, such as dyslipidaemia, diabetes, fatty liver, autoimmune diseases, neurodegenerative diseases and cancers. For systemic energy homoeostasis, multiple enzymes involved in lipogenesis are tightly controlled by transcriptional and post-translational modifications. In this Review, we discuss recent findings regarding the regulatory mechanisms, physiological roles and pathological importance of lipogenesis in multiple tissues such as adipose tissue and the liver, as well as the immune and nervous systems. Furthermore, we briefly introduce the therapeutic implications of lipogenesis modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Geun Jeon
- Center for Adipocyte Structure and Function, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ye Young Kim
- Center for Adipocyte Structure and Function, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Gung Lee
- Center for Adipocyte Structure and Function, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jae Bum Kim
- Center for Adipocyte Structure and Function, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.
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24
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Jakubowicz D, Rosenblum RC, Wainstein J, Twito O. Influence of Fasting until Noon (Extended Postabsorptive State) on Clock Gene mRNA Expression and Regulation of Body Weight and Glucose Metabolism. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087154. [PMID: 37108316 PMCID: PMC10138720 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The trend of fasting until noon (omission or delayed breakfast) is increasingly prevalent in modern society. This eating pattern triggers discordance between endogenous circadian clock rhythms and the feeding/fasting cycle and is associated with an increased incidence of obesity and T2D. Although the underlying mechanism of this association is not well understood, growing evidence suggests that fasting until noon, also known as an "extended postabsorptive state", has the potential to cause a deleterious effect on clock gene expression and to disrupt regulation of body weight, postprandial and overall glycemia, skeletal muscle protein synthesis, and appetite, and may also lead to lower energy expenditure. This manuscript overviews the clock gene-controlled glucose metabolism during the active and resting phases and the consequences of postponing until noon the transition from postabsorptive to fed state on glucose metabolism, weight control, and energy expenditure. Finally, we will discuss the metabolic advantages of shifting more energy, carbohydrates (CH), and proteins to the early hours of the day.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Jakubowicz
- Endocrinology and Diabetes Unit, Wolfson Medical Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Holon 58100, Israel
| | - Rachel Chava Rosenblum
- Endocrinology and Diabetes Unit, Wolfson Medical Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Holon 58100, Israel
| | - Julio Wainstein
- Endocrinology and Diabetes Unit, Wolfson Medical Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Holon 58100, Israel
| | - Orit Twito
- Endocrinology and Diabetes Unit, Wolfson Medical Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Holon 58100, Israel
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25
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Yerra VG, Drosatos K. Specificity Proteins (SP) and Krüppel-like Factors (KLF) in Liver Physiology and Pathology. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:4682. [PMID: 36902112 PMCID: PMC10003758 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The liver acts as a central hub that controls several essential physiological processes ranging from metabolism to detoxification of xenobiotics. At the cellular level, these pleiotropic functions are facilitated through transcriptional regulation in hepatocytes. Defects in hepatocyte function and its transcriptional regulatory mechanisms have a detrimental influence on liver function leading to the development of hepatic diseases. In recent years, increased intake of alcohol and western diet also resulted in a significantly increasing number of people predisposed to the incidence of hepatic diseases. Liver diseases constitute one of the serious contributors to global deaths, constituting the cause of approximately two million deaths worldwide. Understanding hepatocyte transcriptional mechanisms and gene regulation is essential to delineate pathophysiology during disease progression. The current review summarizes the contribution of a family of zinc finger family transcription factors, named specificity protein (SP) and Krüppel-like factors (KLF), in physiological hepatocyte functions, as well as how they are involved in the onset and development of hepatic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Konstantinos Drosatos
- Metabolic Biology Laboratory, Cardiovascular Center, Department of Pharmacology and Systems Physiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
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26
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Kapadia B, Behera S, Kumar ST, Shah T, Edwin RK, Babu PP, Chakrabarti P, Parsa KV, Misra P. PIMT regulates hepatic gluconeogenesis in mice. iScience 2023; 26:106120. [PMID: 36866247 PMCID: PMC9972567 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.106120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The physiological and metabolic functions of PIMT/TGS1, a third-generation transcriptional apparatus protein, in glucose homeostasis sustenance are unclear. Here, we observed that the expression of PIMT was upregulated in the livers of short-term fasted and obese mice. Lentiviruses expressing Tgs1-specific shRNA or cDNA were injected into wild-type mice. Gene expression, hepatic glucose output, glucose tolerance, and insulin sensitivity were evaluated in mice and primary hepatocytes. Genetic modulation of PIMT exerted a direct positive impact on the gluconeogenic gene expression program and hepatic glucose output. Molecular studies utilizing cultured cells, in vivo models, genetic manipulation, and PKA pharmacological inhibition establish that PKA regulates PIMT at post-transcriptional/translational and post-translational levels. PKA enhanced 3'UTR-mediated translation of TGS1 mRNA and phosphorylated PIMT at Ser656, increasing Ep300-mediated gluconeogenic transcriptional activity. The PKA-PIMT-Ep300 signaling module and associated PIMT regulation may serve as a key driver of gluconeogenesis, positioning PIMT as a critical hepatic glucose sensor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bandish Kapadia
- Center for Innovation in Molecular and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dr. Reddy’s Institute of Life Sciences (DRILS), University of Hyderabad Campus, Hyderabad, TG 500046, India
| | - Soma Behera
- Center for Innovation in Molecular and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dr. Reddy’s Institute of Life Sciences (DRILS), University of Hyderabad Campus, Hyderabad, TG 500046, India
| | - Sireesh T. Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046, India
| | - Tapan Shah
- Department of Biochemistry, Saurashtra University, Rajkot 360005, India
| | - Rebecca Kristina Edwin
- Center for Innovation in Molecular and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dr. Reddy’s Institute of Life Sciences (DRILS), University of Hyderabad Campus, Hyderabad, TG 500046, India
| | | | | | - Kishore V.L. Parsa
- Center for Innovation in Molecular and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dr. Reddy’s Institute of Life Sciences (DRILS), University of Hyderabad Campus, Hyderabad, TG 500046, India,Corresponding author
| | - Parimal Misra
- Center for Innovation in Molecular and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dr. Reddy’s Institute of Life Sciences (DRILS), University of Hyderabad Campus, Hyderabad, TG 500046, India,Corresponding author
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27
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Kavanagh K, Bashore AC, Davis MA, Jorgensen MJ, McClouth CJ, Beavers DA, Parks JS. Early time-restricted feeding improves high-density lipoprotein amount and function in nonhuman primates, without effects on body composition. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2023; 31 Suppl 1:75-84. [PMID: 36229981 PMCID: PMC9877107 DOI: 10.1002/oby.23564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Time-restricted feeding (TRF), whereby caloric intake is limited to a <12-hour window, is a potential regimen to ameliorate metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk co-occurring with aging and with obesity. Early TRF (eTRF; early morning feeding followed by overnight fasting) times calorie consumption with hepatic circadian gene expression rhythms. Brief TRF trials demonstrate that high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol increases similar to diet/exercise interventions, which may impart beneficial CVD effects. Using a nonhuman primate (NHP) model, the efficacy of eTRF to raise HDL and increase plasma cholesterol efflux capacity (CEC) (primarily mediated by cholesterol efflux to HDL particles, a process that is inversely associated with CVD risk) was examined. METHODS Adult (8-16 years old, n = 25) and geriatric (≥17 years old) NHPs were randomized to ad libitum feeding or eTRF for 12 months, and relevant body composition, glycemic control, and plasma HDL cholesterol levels and CEC were measured. RESULTS Impaired CEC was found in geriatric NHPs. eTRF induced larger-sized HDL particles, increased HDL apolipoprotein A-1 content, lowered triglyceride concentrations, and increased plasma CEC (primarily to HDL particles) in both adult and geriatric NHPs without changes in glycemic control or body composition. CONCLUSIONS A beneficial effect of eTRF on increasing HDL CEC in NHPs was demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kylie Kavanagh
- Department of PathologyWake Forest University School of MedicineWinston‐SalemNorth CarolinaUSA
- College of Health and MedicineUniversity of TasmaniaHobartAustralia
- Department of Internal Medicine‐Section on Molecular MedicineWake Forest University School of MedicineWinston‐SalemNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Alexander C. Bashore
- Department of Internal Medicine‐Section on Molecular MedicineWake Forest University School of MedicineWinston‐SalemNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Matthew A. Davis
- Department of Internal Medicine‐Section on Molecular MedicineWake Forest University School of MedicineWinston‐SalemNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Matthew J. Jorgensen
- Department of PathologyWake Forest University School of MedicineWinston‐SalemNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Christopher J. McClouth
- Department of Public Health SciencesWake Forest University School of MedicineWinston‐SalemNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Daniel A. Beavers
- Department of Public Health SciencesWake Forest University School of MedicineWinston‐SalemNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - John S. Parks
- Department of Internal Medicine‐Section on Molecular MedicineWake Forest University School of MedicineWinston‐SalemNorth CarolinaUSA
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28
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Fang Z, Fan M, Yuan D, Jin L, Wang Y, Ding L, Xu S, Tu J, Zhang E, Wu X, Chen ZB, Huang W. Downregulation of hepatic lncRNA Gm19619 improves gluconeogenesis and lipogenesis following vertical sleeve gastrectomy in mice. Commun Biol 2023; 6:105. [PMID: 36707678 PMCID: PMC9883214 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-04483-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are emerging important epigenetic regulators in metabolic processes. Whether they contribute to the metabolic effects of vertical sleeve gastrectomy (VSG), one of the most effective treatments for sustainable weight loss and metabolic improvement, is unknown. Herein, we identify a hepatic lncRNA Gm19619, which is strongly repressed by VSG but highly up-regulated by diet-induced obesity and overnight-fasting in mice. Forced transcription of Gm19619 in the mouse liver significantly promotes hepatic gluconeogenesis with the elevated expression of G6pc and Pck1. In contrast, AAV-CasRx mediated knockdown of Gm19619 in high-fat diet-fed mice significantly improves hepatic glucose and lipid metabolism. Mechanistically, Gm19619 is enriched along genomic regions encoding leptin receptor (Lepr) and transcription factor Foxo1, as revealed in chromatin isolation by RNA purification (ChIRP) assay and is confirmed to modulate their transcription in the mouse liver. In conclusion, Gm19619 may enhance gluconeogenesis and lipid accumulation in the liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhipeng Fang
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Arthur Riggs-Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Mingjie Fan
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Arthur Riggs-Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
- Department of Pediatric, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, China
| | - Dongqiang Yuan
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Arthur Riggs-Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Lihua Jin
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Arthur Riggs-Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Yangmeng Wang
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Arthur Riggs-Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Lili Ding
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Arthur Riggs-Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Senlin Xu
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Arthur Riggs-Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
- Irell & Manella Graduate School of Biological Science, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Jui Tu
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Arthur Riggs-Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
- Irell & Manella Graduate School of Biological Science, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Eryun Zhang
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Arthur Riggs-Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Xiwei Wu
- Integrated Genomic Core, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Zhen Bouman Chen
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Arthur Riggs-Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
- Irell & Manella Graduate School of Biological Science, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Wendong Huang
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Arthur Riggs-Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA.
- Irell & Manella Graduate School of Biological Science, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA.
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Whittaker DS, Tamai TK, Bains RS, Villanueva SAM, Luk SHC, Dell’Angelica D, Block GD, Ghiani CA, Colwell CS. Dietary ketosis improves circadian dysfunction as well as motor symptoms in the BACHD mouse model of Huntington's disease. Front Nutr 2022; 9:1034743. [PMID: 36407529 PMCID: PMC9669764 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1034743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Disturbances in sleep/wake cycles are common among patients with neurodegenerative diseases including Huntington's disease (HD) and represent an appealing target for chrono-nutrition-based interventions. In the present work, we sought to determine whether a low-carbohydrate, high-fat diet would ameliorate the symptoms and delay disease progression in the BACHD mouse model of HD. Adult WT and BACHD male mice were fed a normal or a ketogenic diet (KD) for 3 months. The KD evoked a robust rhythm in serum levels of β-hydroxybutyrate and dramatic changes in the microbiome of male WT and BACHD mice. NanoString analysis revealed transcriptional changes driven by the KD in the striatum of both WT and BACHD mice. Disturbances in sleep/wake cycles have been reported in mouse models of HD and are common among HD patients. Having established that the KD had effects on both the WT and mutant mice, we examined its impact on sleep/wake cycles. KD increased daytime sleep and improved the timing of sleep onset, while other sleep parameters were not altered. In addition, KD improved activity rhythms, including rhythmic power, and reduced inappropriate daytime activity and onset variability. Importantly, KD improved motor performance on the rotarod and challenging beam tests. It is worth emphasizing that HD is a genetically caused disease with no known cure. Life-style changes that not only improve the quality of life but also delay disease progression for HD patients are greatly needed. Our study demonstrates the therapeutic potential of diet-based treatment strategies in a pre-clinical model of HD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel S. Whittaker
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - T. Katherine Tamai
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Raj S. Bains
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Sophia Anne Marie Villanueva
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Shu Hon Christopher Luk
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Derek Dell’Angelica
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Gene D. Block
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Cristina A. Ghiani
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Christopher S. Colwell
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
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Kinin B1 receptor modulates mitochondrial activity responsivity in fasting and voluntary exercise. Life Sci 2022; 309:121034. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.121034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Bideyan L, López Rodríguez M, Priest C, Kennelly JP, Gao Y, Ferrari A, Rajbhandari P, Feng AC, Tevosian SG, Smale ST, Tontonoz P. Hepatic GATA4 regulates cholesterol and triglyceride homeostasis in collaboration with LXRs. Genes Dev 2022; 36:1129-1144. [PMID: 36522129 PMCID: PMC9851399 DOI: 10.1101/gad.350145.122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
GATA4 is a transcription factor known for its crucial role in the development of many tissues, including the liver; however, its role in adult liver metabolism is unknown. Here, using high-throughput sequencing technologies, we identified GATA4 as a transcriptional regulator of metabolism in the liver. GATA4 expression is elevated in response to refeeding, and its occupancy is increased at enhancers of genes linked to fatty acid and lipoprotein metabolism. Knocking out GATA4 in the adult liver (Gata4LKO) decreased transcriptional activity at GATA4 binding sites, especially during feeding. Gata4LKO mice have reduced plasma HDL cholesterol and increased liver triglyceride levels. The expression of a panel of GATA4 binding genes involved in hepatic cholesterol export and triglyceride hydrolysis was down-regulated in Gata4LKO mice. We further demonstrate that GATA4 collaborates with LXR nuclear receptors in the liver. GATA4 and LXRs share a number of binding sites, and GATA4 was required for the full transcriptional response to LXR activation. Collectively, these results show that hepatic GATA4 contributes to the transcriptional control of hepatic and systemic lipid homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara Bideyan
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Maykel López Rodríguez
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Christina Priest
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, USA
| | - John P Kennelly
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Yajing Gao
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Alessandra Ferrari
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Prashant Rajbhandari
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, USA
| | - An-Chieh Feng
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Sergei G Tevosian
- Department of Physiological Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610, USA
| | - Stephen T Smale
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Peter Tontonoz
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, USA
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32
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Is Fasting Good When One Is at Risk of Liver Cancer? Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14205084. [PMID: 36291868 PMCID: PMC9600146 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14205084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide, is a multistep process that usually develops in the background of cirrhosis, but also in a non-cirrhotic state in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) or viral hepatis. Emerging evidence suggests that intermittent fasting can reduce the risk of cancer development and could improve response and tolerance to treatment through the metabolic and hormonal adaptations induced by the low energy availability that finally impairs cancer cells’ adaptability, survival and growth. The current review will outline the beneficial effects of fasting in NAFLD/NASH patients and the possible mechanisms that can prevent HCC development, including circadian clock re-synchronization, with a special focus on the possibility of applying this dietary intervention to cirrhotic patients.
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Petkevicius K, Palmgren H, Glover MS, Ahnmark A, Andréasson AC, Madeyski-Bengtson K, Kawana H, Allman EL, Kaper D, Uhrbom M, Andersson L, Aasehaug L, Forsström J, Wallin S, Ahlstedt I, Leke R, Karlsson D, González-King H, Löfgren L, Nilsson R, Pellegrini G, Kono N, Aoki J, Hess S, Sienski G, Pilon M, Bohlooly-Y M, Maresca M, Peng XR. TLCD1 and TLCD2 regulate cellular phosphatidylethanolamine composition and promote the progression of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. Nat Commun 2022; 13:6020. [PMID: 36241646 PMCID: PMC9568529 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-33735-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The fatty acid composition of phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) determines cellular metabolism, oxidative stress, and inflammation. However, our understanding of how cells regulate PE composition is limited. Here, we identify a genetic locus on mouse chromosome 11, containing two poorly characterized genes Tlcd1 and Tlcd2, that strongly influences PE composition. We generated Tlcd1/2 double-knockout (DKO) mice and found that they have reduced levels of hepatic monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA)-containing PE species. Mechanistically, TLCD1/2 proteins act cell intrinsically to promote the incorporation of MUFAs into PEs. Furthermore, TLCD1/2 interact with the mitochondria in an evolutionarily conserved manner and regulate mitochondrial PE composition. Lastly, we demonstrate the biological relevance of our findings in dietary models of metabolic disease, where Tlcd1/2 DKO mice display attenuated development of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis compared to controls. Overall, we identify TLCD1/2 proteins as key regulators of cellular PE composition, with our findings having broad implications in understanding and treating disease. The regulation of cellular phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) acyl chain composition is poorly understood. Here, the authors show that TLCD1 and TLCD2 proteins mediate the formation of monounsaturated fatty acid-containing PE species and promote the progression of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kasparas Petkevicius
- Bioscience Metabolism, Research and Early Development Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden. .,Discovery Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Henrik Palmgren
- Bioscience Metabolism, Research and Early Development Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Matthew S Glover
- Dynamic Omics, Centre for Genomics Research, Discovery Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Andrea Ahnmark
- Bioscience Metabolism, Research and Early Development Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Anne-Christine Andréasson
- Bioscience Cardiovascular, Research and Early Development Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | | | - Hiroki Kawana
- Department of Health Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,Advanced Research & Development Programs for Medical Innovation (AMED-LEAP), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Erik L Allman
- Dynamic Omics, Centre for Genomics Research, Discovery Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Delaney Kaper
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Martin Uhrbom
- Bioscience Metabolism, Research and Early Development Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Liselotte Andersson
- Clinical Pharmacology and Safety Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Leif Aasehaug
- Bioscience Cardiovascular, Research and Early Development Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Johan Forsström
- Discovery Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Simonetta Wallin
- Bioscience Metabolism, Research and Early Development Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ingela Ahlstedt
- Bioscience Metabolism, Research and Early Development Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Renata Leke
- Bioscience Metabolism, Research and Early Development Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Daniel Karlsson
- Bioscience Metabolism, Research and Early Development Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Hernán González-King
- Bioscience Cardiovascular, Research and Early Development Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Lars Löfgren
- Translational Science and Experimental Medicine, Research and Early Development Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ralf Nilsson
- Translational Science and Experimental Medicine, Research and Early Development Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Giovanni Pellegrini
- Clinical Pharmacology and Safety Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Nozomu Kono
- Department of Health Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Junken Aoki
- Department of Health Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,Advanced Research & Development Programs for Medical Innovation (AMED-LEAP), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sonja Hess
- Dynamic Omics, Centre for Genomics Research, Discovery Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Grzegorz Sienski
- Discovery Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Marc Pilon
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | | | - Marcello Maresca
- Discovery Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Xiao-Rong Peng
- Bioscience Metabolism, Research and Early Development Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Chen KW, Chen YS, Chen PJ, Yeh SH. Androgen receptor functions in pericentral hepatocytes to decrease gluconeogenesis and avoid hyperglycemia and obesity in male mice. Metabolism 2022; 135:155269. [PMID: 35914621 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2022.155269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although the impact of hepatic androgen receptor (AR) pathway on liver pathogenesis was documented, its physiological function in normal liver is remained unclear. This study aims to investigate if hepatic AR acts on metabolism, the major liver function, using a hepatic-specific AR-transgenic (H-ARTG) mouse model. METHODS We established the albumin promoter driven H-ARTG mice and included wild type (WT) and H-ARKO mice for study. The body weight, specific metabolic parameters and results from various tolerance tests were compared in different groups of mice fed a chow diet, from 2 to 18 months of age. Glucose feeding and insulin treatment were used to study the expression and zonal distribution pattern of AR and related genes in liver at different prandial stages. RESULTS The body weight of H-ARTG mice fed a chow diet was 15 % lower than that of wild-type mice, preceded by lower blood glucose and liver triglyceride levels caused by AR reduced hepatic gluconeogenesis. The opposite phenotypes identified in H-ARKO and castrated H-ARTG mice support the critical role of activated AR in decreasing gluconeogenesis and triglyceride levels in liver. Hepatic AR acting by enhancing the expression of cytosolic glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (cGPDH), a key of glycerophosphate shuttle, was identified as one mechanism to decrease gluconeogenesis from glycerol. We further found AR normally expressed in zone 3 of hepatic lobules. Its level fluctuates dependent on the demand of glucose, decreased by fasting but increased by glucose uptake or insulin stimulation. CONCLUSION AR is a newly identified zone 3 hepatic gene with function in reducing blood glucose and body weight in mice. It suggests that stabilization of hepatic AR is a new direction to prevent hyperglycemia, obesity and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in males.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Wei Chen
- Department of Microbiology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Shan Chen
- Department of Microbiology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Jer Chen
- Department of Microbiology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan; NTU Centers of Genomic and Precision Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shiou-Hwei Yeh
- Department of Microbiology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan; NTU Centers of Genomic and Precision Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Wang G, Xu Y, Wang Q, Chai Y, Sun X, Yang F, Zhang J, Wu M, Liao X, Yu X, Sheng X, Liu Z, Zhang J. Rare and undiagnosed diseases: From disease-causing gene identification to mechanism elucidation. FUNDAMENTAL RESEARCH 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fmre.2022.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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36
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Akter S, Akhter H, Chaudhury HS, Rahman MH, Gorski A, Hasan MN, Shin Y, Rahman MA, Nguyen MN, Choi TG, Kim SS. Dietary carbohydrates: Pathogenesis and potential therapeutic targets to obesity-associated metabolic syndrome. Biofactors 2022; 48:1036-1059. [PMID: 36102254 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a common feature in obesity, comprising a cluster of abnormalities including abdominal fat accumulation, hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, dyslipidemia, and hypertension, leading to diabetes and cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Intake of carbohydrates (CHO), particularly a sugary diet that rapidly increases blood glucose, triglycerides, and blood pressure levels is the predominant determining factor of MetS. Complex CHO, on the other hand, are a stable source of energy taking a longer time to digest. In particular, resistant starch (RS) or soluble fiber is an excellent source of prebiotics, which alter the gut microbial composition, which in turn improves metabolic control. Altering maternal CHO intake during pregnancy may result in the child developing MetS. Furthermore, lifestyle factors such as physical inactivity in combination with dietary habits may synergistically influence gene expression by modulating genetic and epigenetic regulators transforming childhood obesity into adolescent metabolic disorders. This review summarizes the common pathophysiology of MetS in connection with the nature of CHO, intrauterine nutrition, genetic predisposition, lifestyle factors, and advanced treatment approaches; it also emphasizes how dietary CHO may act as a key element in the pathogenesis and future therapeutic targets of obesity and MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salima Akter
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Bangladesh University of Health Sciences, Dhaka 1216, Bangladesh
| | - Hajara Akhter
- Biomedical and Toxicological Research Institute, Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR), Dhaka 1205, Bangladesh
| | - Habib Sadat Chaudhury
- Department of Biochemistry, International Medical College Hospital, Tongi 1711, Bangladesh
| | - Md Hasanur Rahman
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj 8100, Bangladesh
| | - Andrew Gorski
- Department of Philosophy in Korean Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Yoonhwa Shin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
- Biomedical Science Institute, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Md Ataur Rahman
- Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
- Korean Medicine-Based Drug Repositioning Cancer Research Center, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
- Global Biotechnology & Biomedical Research Network (GBBRN), Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Islamic University, Kushtia 7003, Bangladesh
| | - Minh Nam Nguyen
- Research Center for Genetics and Reproductive Health, School of Medicine, Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Tae Gyu Choi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Soo Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
- Pristine Pharmaceuticals, Patuakhali 8600, Bangladesh
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
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ERα-Dependent Regulation of Adropin Predicts Sex Differences in Liver Homeostasis during High-Fat Diet. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14163262. [PMID: 36014766 PMCID: PMC9416503 DOI: 10.3390/nu14163262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 08/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) represents a public health issue, due to its prevalence and association with other cardiometabolic diseases. Growing evidence suggests that NAFLD alters the production of hepatokines, which, in turn, influence several metabolic processes. Despite accumulating evidence on the major role of estrogen signaling in the sexually dimorphic nature of NAFLD, dependency of hepatokine expression on sex and estrogens has been poorly investigated. Through in vitro and in vivo analysis, we determined the extent to which hepatokines, known to be altered in NAFLD, can be regulated, in a sex-specific fashion, under different hormonal and nutritional conditions. Our study identified four hepatokines that better recapitulate sex and estrogen dependency. Among them, adropin resulted as one that displays a sex-specific and estrogen receptor alpha (ERα)-dependent regulation in the liver of mice under an excess of dietary lipids (high-fat diet, HFD). Under HFD conditions, the hepatic induction of adropin negatively correlates with the expression of lipogenic genes and with fatty liver in female mice, an effect that depends upon hepatic ERα. Our findings support the idea that ERα-mediated induction of adropin might represent a potential approach to limit or prevent NAFLD.
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Bertasso IM, de Moura EG, Pietrobon CB, Cabral SS, Kluck GEG, Atella GC, Manhães AC, Lisboa PC. Low protein diet during lactation programs hepatic metabolism in adult male and female rats. J Nutr Biochem 2022; 108:109096. [PMID: 35779796 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2022.109096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
The liver is an essential regulator of energy metabolism, and its function can be disrupted by nutritional alterations. Since liver development continues during breastfeeding nutritional challenges during this period predispose patients to diseases throughout life. A maternal protein-restricted (PR) diet during lactation promotes reductions in the body weight, adiposity, and plasma glucose and insulin, leptin resistance and an increase in corticosterone and catecholamines in adult male rat offspring. Here, we investigated hepatic metabolism in the offspring (both sexes) of PR (8% protein diet during lactation) and control (23% protein diet) dams. Both male and female offspring were evaluated at 6 months of age. PR males had no liver steatosis and manifested a reduction in lipids in hepatocytes adjacent to the vasculature. These animals had lower levels of esterified cholesterol in hepatocytes, suggesting higher biliary excretion, unchanged glycolysis and gluconeogenesis, and lower contents of the markers of mitochondrial redox balance and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress response and estrogen receptor alpha. PR females showed normal hepatic morphology associated with higher uptake of cholesterol esters, normal glycolysis and gluconeogenesis, and lower ER stress parameters without changes in the key markers of the redox balance. Additionally, these animals had lower content of estrogen receptor alpha and higher content of androgen receptor. The maternal PR diet during lactation did not program hepatic lipid accumulation in the adult progeny. However, several repair homeostasis pathways were altered in males and females, possibly compromising maintenance of normal liver function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iala Milene Bertasso
- Laboratory of Endocrine Physiology, Biology Institute, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Egberto Gaspar de Moura
- Laboratory of Endocrine Physiology, Biology Institute, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Carla Bruna Pietrobon
- Laboratory of Endocrine Physiology, Biology Institute, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Suelen Silva Cabral
- Laboratory of Lipids and Lipoprotein Biochemistry, Biochemistry Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - George Eduardo Gabriel Kluck
- Laboratory of Lipids and Lipoprotein Biochemistry, Biochemistry Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Georgia Correa Atella
- Laboratory of Lipids and Lipoprotein Biochemistry, Biochemistry Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Alex Christian Manhães
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology, Biology Institute, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Patrícia Cristina Lisboa
- Laboratory of Endocrine Physiology, Biology Institute, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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Santoleri D, Lim HW, Emmett MJ, Stoute J, Gavin MJ, Sostre-Colón J, Uehara K, Welles JE, Liu KF, Lazar MA, Titchenell PM. Global-run on sequencing identifies Gm11967 as an Akt-dependent long noncoding RNA involved in insulin sensitivity. iScience 2022; 25:104410. [PMID: 35663017 PMCID: PMC9156944 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.104410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The insulin responsive Akt and FoxO1 signaling axis is a key regulator of the hepatic transcriptional response to nutrient intake. Here, we used global run-on sequencing (GRO-seq) to measure the nascent transcriptional response to fasting and refeeding as well as define the specific role of hepatic Akt and FoxO1 signaling in mediating this response. We identified 599 feeding-regulated transcripts, as well as over 6,000 eRNAs, and mapped their dependency on Akt and FoxO1 signaling. Further, we identified several feeding-regulated lncRNAs, including the lncRNA Gm11967, whose expression was dependent upon the liver Akt-FoxO1 axis. Restoring Gm11967 expression in mice lacking liver Akt improved insulin sensitivity and induced glucokinase protein expression, indicating that Akt-dependent control of Gm11967 contributes to the translational control of glucokinase. More broadly, we have generated a unique genome-wide dataset that defines the feeding and Akt/FoxO1-dependent transcriptional changes in response to nutrient availability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominic Santoleri
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics Graduate Group, University of Pennsylvania Biomedical Graduate Studies, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Institute of Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, Smilow Center for Translational Research, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, 3400 Civic Center Blvd, Building 421, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Hee-Woong Lim
- Division of Biomedical Informatics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Matthew J. Emmett
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Julian Stoute
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics Graduate Group, University of Pennsylvania Biomedical Graduate Studies, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Matthew J. Gavin
- Institute of Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, Smilow Center for Translational Research, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, 3400 Civic Center Blvd, Building 421, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Jaimarie Sostre-Colón
- Institute of Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, Smilow Center for Translational Research, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, 3400 Civic Center Blvd, Building 421, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Kahealani Uehara
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics Graduate Group, University of Pennsylvania Biomedical Graduate Studies, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Institute of Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, Smilow Center for Translational Research, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, 3400 Civic Center Blvd, Building 421, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Jaclyn E. Welles
- Institute of Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, Smilow Center for Translational Research, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, 3400 Civic Center Blvd, Building 421, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Kathy Fange Liu
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics Graduate Group, University of Pennsylvania Biomedical Graduate Studies, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Mitchell A. Lazar
- Institute of Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, Smilow Center for Translational Research, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, 3400 Civic Center Blvd, Building 421, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Paul M. Titchenell
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics Graduate Group, University of Pennsylvania Biomedical Graduate Studies, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Institute of Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, Smilow Center for Translational Research, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, 3400 Civic Center Blvd, Building 421, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Physiology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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Esmaeili N, Carter CG, Wilson R, Walker SP, Miller MR, Bridle AR, Symonds JE. Protein metabolism in the liver and white muscle is associated with feed efficiency in Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) reared in seawater: Evidence from proteomic analysis. COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY. PART D, GENOMICS & PROTEOMICS 2022; 42:100994. [PMID: 35533546 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbd.2022.100994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the molecular mechanisms that underlie differences in feed efficiency (FE) is an important step toward optimising growth and achieving sustainable salmonid aquaculture. In this study, the liver and white muscle proteomes of feed efficient (EFF) and inefficient (INEFF) Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) reared in seawater were investigated by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). In total, 2746 liver and 702 white muscle proteins were quantified and compared between 21 EFF and 22 INEFF fish. GSEA showed that gene sets related to protein synthesis were enriched in the liver and white muscle of the EFF group, while conversely, pathways related to protein degradation (amino acid catabolism and proteolysis, respectively) were the most affected processes in the liver and white muscle of INEFF fish. Estimates of individual daily feed intake and share of the meal within tank were significantly higher in the INEFF than the EFF fish showing INEFF fish were likely more dominant during feeding and overfed. Overeating by the INEFF fish was associated with an increase in protein catabolism. This study found that fish with different FE values had expression differences in the gene sets related to protein turnover, and this result supports the hypothesis that protein metabolism plays a role in FE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noah Esmaeili
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Private Bag 49, Australia.
| | - Chris G Carter
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Private Bag 49, Australia
| | - Richard Wilson
- Central Science Laboratory, Research Division, University of Tasmania, Hobart 7001, Australia
| | | | - Matthew R Miller
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Private Bag 49, Australia; Cawthron Institute, Nelson 7010, New Zealand
| | - Andrew R Bridle
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Private Bag 49, Australia
| | - Jane E Symonds
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Private Bag 49, Australia; Cawthron Institute, Nelson 7010, New Zealand
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41
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Goldberg D, Charni-Natan M, Buchshtab N, Bar-Shimon M, Goldstein I. Hormone-controlled cooperative binding of transcription factors drives synergistic induction of fasting-regulated genes. Nucleic Acids Res 2022; 50:5528-5544. [PMID: 35556130 PMCID: PMC9177981 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkac358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
During fasting, hepatocytes produce glucose in response to hormonal signals. Glucagon and glucocorticoids are principal fasting hormones that cooperate in regulating glucose production via gluconeogenesis. However, how these hormone signals are integrated and interpreted to a biological output is unknown. Here, we use genome-wide profiling of gene expression, enhancer dynamics and transcription factor (TF) binding in primary mouse hepatocytes to uncover the mode of cooperation between glucagon and glucocorticoids. We found that compared to a single treatment with each hormone, a dual treatment directs hepatocytes to a pro-gluconeogenic gene program by synergistically inducing gluconeogenic genes. The cooperative mechanism driving synergistic gene expression is based on ‘assisted loading’ whereby a glucagon-activated TF (cAMP responsive element binding protein; CREB) leads to enhancer activation which facilitates binding of the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) upon glucocorticoid stimulation. Glucagon does not only activate single enhancers but also activates enhancer clusters, thereby assisting the loading of GR also across enhancer units within the cluster. In summary, we show that cells integrate extracellular signals by an enhancer-specific mechanism: one hormone-activated TF activates enhancers, thereby assisting the loading of a TF stimulated by a second hormone, leading to synergistic gene induction and a tailored transcriptional response to fasting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dana Goldberg
- Institute of Biochemistry, Food Science and Nutrition. The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment. The Hebrew University of Jerusalem. POB 12, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Meital Charni-Natan
- Institute of Biochemistry, Food Science and Nutrition. The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment. The Hebrew University of Jerusalem. POB 12, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Nufar Buchshtab
- Institute of Biochemistry, Food Science and Nutrition. The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment. The Hebrew University of Jerusalem. POB 12, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Meirav Bar-Shimon
- Institute of Biochemistry, Food Science and Nutrition. The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment. The Hebrew University of Jerusalem. POB 12, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Ido Goldstein
- Institute of Biochemistry, Food Science and Nutrition. The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment. The Hebrew University of Jerusalem. POB 12, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
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Moura FH, Fonseca MA, Macias-Franco A, Archilia EC, Batalha IM, Pena-Bello CA, Silva AEM, Moreira GM, Schütz LF, Norris AB. Characterization of body composition and liver epigenetic markers during periods of negative energy balance and subsequent compensatory growth in postpubertal beef bulls. J Anim Sci 2022; 100:6532621. [PMID: 35184171 PMCID: PMC9036401 DOI: 10.1093/jas/skac047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to characterize the effects of dietary restriction and subsequent re-alimentation on body composition and hepatic gene expression of epigenetic markers of DNA methylation, RNA m6A methylation, and histone acetylation in the liver of postpubertal beef bulls. Twelve Angus × Hereford crossbred bulls (n = 6, 23 ± 0.55 mo [young bulls], 558 ± 6.1 kg; and n = 6, 47 ± 1.2 mo [mature bulls], 740 ± 30.5 kg) were submitted to two dietary regimes per offering of the same hay: low plane of nutrition (90 d) and compensatory growth (90 d). Each animal acted as its own control and were fed Beardless wheat (Triticum aestivum) hay and mineral mix during the trial. Statistical analyses were performed using SAS 9.4 following a pre-post repeated measures design. Bulls in negative energy balance (NEB) decreased (P < 0.001) empty body weight (EBW; 23.1% [-139.1 kg]), empty body fat (EBF; 39.8% [-85.4 kg]), and empty body protein (EBP; 14.9% [-13.5 kg]) and fully recovered at the end of the trial. Body fat accounted for 77.1% of daily changes in body energy status, whereas body protein accounted for only 22.9% (P < 0.001). Relative abundance of epigenetic markers transcripts was analyzed via qPCR. Bulls at NEB tended (P ≤ 0.097) to increase gene expression of epigenetic markers of RNA m6A methylation (METTL14, VIRMA, and WTAP) and increased (P ≤ 0.050) the gene expression of epigenetic markers of DNA methylation (DNMT3A) and histone-acetylation (SIRT3 and SIRT7). Young bulls had a tendency (P ≤ 0.072) of higher RNA m6A methylation, VIRMA, and WTAP than mature bulls. Effect of diet × age interaction was not detected (P ≥ 0.137) for METTL14, VIRMA, WTAP, DNMT3A, SIRT3, or SIRT7. Younger bulls tended to have greater RNA m6A methylation levels than mature bulls, indicating that, while contemporaneously fed the same diet during periods of undernourishment followed by compensatory growth, age has an impact on this epigenetic mechanism. In conclusion, metabolic status seems to carry a greater impact on regulating bovine hepatic epigenetic mechanisms that modulate gene transcription, such as DNA methylation and histone acetylation, than on epigenetic mechanisms that regulate gene translation, such as RNA m6A methylation. During periods of undernourishment followed by compensatory growth, body fat pools appear to change more dynamically and are easily detected having a greater impact on epigenetic markers that modulate hepatic gene transcription rather than translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe H Moura
- Department of Agriculture, Veterinary and Rangeland Sciences, University of Nevada, Reno, Reno, NV 89557, USA
| | - Mozart A Fonseca
- Department of Agriculture, Veterinary and Rangeland Sciences, University of Nevada, Reno, Reno, NV 89557, USA,Corresponding author:
| | - Arturo Macias-Franco
- Department of Agriculture, Veterinary and Rangeland Sciences, University of Nevada, Reno, Reno, NV 89557, USA
| | - Evandro C Archilia
- Department of Agriculture, Veterinary and Rangeland Sciences, University of Nevada, Reno, Reno, NV 89557, USA
| | - Isadora M Batalha
- Department of Agriculture, Veterinary and Rangeland Sciences, University of Nevada, Reno, Reno, NV 89557, USA
| | - Camilo A Pena-Bello
- Department of Agriculture, Veterinary and Rangeland Sciences, University of Nevada, Reno, Reno, NV 89557, USA
| | - Aghata E M Silva
- Department of Agriculture, Veterinary and Rangeland Sciences, University of Nevada, Reno, Reno, NV 89557, USA
| | - Gabriel M Moreira
- Department of Agriculture, Veterinary and Rangeland Sciences, University of Nevada, Reno, Reno, NV 89557, USA
| | - Luis F Schütz
- Department of Agriculture, Veterinary and Rangeland Sciences, University of Nevada, Reno, Reno, NV 89557, USA
| | - Aaron B Norris
- Department of Natural Resources Management, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA
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Alvarez-Dominguez JR, Melton DA. Cell maturation: Hallmarks, triggers, and manipulation. Cell 2022; 185:235-249. [PMID: 34995481 PMCID: PMC8792364 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2021.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
How cells become specialized, or "mature," is important for cell and developmental biology. While maturity is usually deemed a terminal fate, it may be more helpful to consider maturation not as a switch but as a dynamic continuum of adaptive phenotypic states set by genetic and environment programing. The hallmarks of maturity comprise changes in anatomy (form, gene circuitry, and interconnectivity) and physiology (function, rhythms, and proliferation) that confer adaptive behavior. We discuss efforts to harness their chemical (nutrients, oxygen, and growth factors) and physical (mechanical, spatial, and electrical) triggers in vitro and in vivo and how maturation strategies may support disease research and regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan R. Alvarez-Dominguez
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Douglas A. Melton
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
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Batchuluun B, Pinkosky SL, Steinberg GR. Lipogenesis inhibitors: therapeutic opportunities and challenges. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2022; 21:283-305. [PMID: 35031766 PMCID: PMC8758994 DOI: 10.1038/s41573-021-00367-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 52.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Fatty acids are essential for survival, acting as bioenergetic substrates, structural components and signalling molecules. Given their vital role, cells have evolved mechanisms to generate fatty acids from alternative carbon sources, through a process known as de novo lipogenesis (DNL). Despite the importance of DNL, aberrant upregulation is associated with a wide variety of pathologies. Inhibiting core enzymes of DNL, including citrate/isocitrate carrier (CIC), ATP-citrate lyase (ACLY), acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) and fatty acid synthase (FAS), represents an attractive therapeutic strategy. Despite challenges related to efficacy, selectivity and safety, several new classes of synthetic DNL inhibitors have entered clinical-stage development and may become the foundation for a new class of therapeutics. De novo lipogenesis (DNL) is vital for the maintenance of whole-body and cellular homeostasis, but aberrant upregulation of the pathway is associated with a broad range of conditions, including cardiovascular disease, metabolic disorders and cancers. Here, Steinberg and colleagues provide an overview of the physiological and pathological roles of the core DNL enzymes and assess strategies and agents currently in development to therapeutically target them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Battsetseg Batchuluun
- Centre for Metabolism, Obesity and Diabetes Research, Department of Medicine and Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Gregory R Steinberg
- Centre for Metabolism, Obesity and Diabetes Research, Department of Medicine and Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
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Plant and marine N3-PUFA regulation of fatty acid trafficking along the adipose tissue-liver axis varies according to nutritional state. J Nutr Biochem 2022; 102:108940. [PMID: 35017005 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2022.108940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Marine sourced N3-PUFA regulate lipid metabolism in adipose tissue and liver; however, less is known about plant sourced N3-PUFA. The goal of this study was to investigate plant and marine N3-PUFA regulation of fatty acid trafficking along the adipose tissue-liver axis according to nutritional state. METHODS Mice were fed low-fat diets (7% w/w) containing either lard, flaxseed, or menhaden oils for 8 weeks, and were euthanized in either fed or fasted states. Substrate utilization and physical activity were assessed during the transition from a fed to fasted state. Plasma biomarkers (triglycerides (TAG), non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA)), as well as liver and epididymal adipose tissue (eWAT) lipogenic and lipolytic markers, were measured. RESULTS Neither plant nor marine N3-PUFA influenced substrate utilization or activity during the transition from a fed to fasted state. In the fed state, marine N3-PUFA reduced plasma TAG levels compared to the other diets, with no further reduction seen in fasted mice. Hepatic lipogenic markers (Fasn, Acc, Scd1, and Elovl6) were reduced in the fed state with marine N3-PUFA, but not plant N3-PUFA. In the fasted state, mice fed either N3-PUFA accumulated less liver TAG, had lower plasma NEFA, and suppressed eWAT HSL activity compared to lard. CONCLUSION Marine N3-PUFA are more potent regulators of lipogenesis than plant N3-PUFA in the fed state, whereas both N3-PUFA influence eWAT lipolysis and plasma NEFA in the fasted state. This work provides novel insights regarding N3-PUFA regulation of fatty acid trafficking along the adipose tissue-liver axis according to nutritional state.
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