1
|
Li KJ, Liu XF, Yang L, Shen SK. Alpine Rhododendron population contractions lead to spatial distribution mismatch with their pollinators under climate change. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 926:171832. [PMID: 38521263 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
The effect of global climate change on plant-pollinator interaction is not limited to changes in phenology and richness within communities but also includes the spatial mismatch caused by the inconsistency of geographical distribution changes. Subsequently, the pollinator interaction network may be remodeled or even disrupted. In this study, we simulated the suitable habitat niche of 15 Rhododendron species and their eight pollinator species as well as their overlapping versus geographical mismatch under the current and three future climate change scenarios in 2090s, using MaxEnt. Results showed that the suitable habitat of all Rhododendron species would decrease in 2090s. In particular, 10, 8, and 13 Rhododendron-pollinator assemblages would have a reduced spatial match region under the climate change scenarios, mainly due to the contraction of the suitable habitat of Rhododendron species. The results provide novel insights into the response of plant-pollinator interactions to global warming, useful to prioritize conservation actions of alpine plant ecosystems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kun-Ji Li
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Transboundary Ecosecurity of Southwest China, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Plant Reproductive Adaptation and Evolutionary Ecology, Institute of Biodiversity, School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming 650504, Yunnan, China
| | - Xiao-Fei Liu
- Institute of international river and eco-security Yunnan University, Kunming 650504, Yunnan, China
| | - Liu Yang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Transboundary Ecosecurity of Southwest China, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Plant Reproductive Adaptation and Evolutionary Ecology, Institute of Biodiversity, School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming 650504, Yunnan, China
| | - Shi-Kang Shen
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Transboundary Ecosecurity of Southwest China, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Plant Reproductive Adaptation and Evolutionary Ecology, Institute of Biodiversity, School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming 650504, Yunnan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ma L, Wu DY, Wang Y, Hall JM, Mi CR, Xie HX, Tao WJ, Hou C, Cheng KM, Zhang YP, Wang JC, Lu HL, Du WG, Sun BJ. Collective effects of rising average temperatures and heat events on oviparous embryos. CONSERVATION BIOLOGY : THE JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR CONSERVATION BIOLOGY 2024:e14266. [PMID: 38578127 DOI: 10.1111/cobi.14266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
Survival of the immobile embryo in response to rising temperature is important to determine a species' vulnerability to climate change. However, the collective effects of 2 key thermal characteristics associated with climate change (i.e., rising average temperature and acute heat events) on embryonic survival remain largely unexplored. We used empirical measurements and niche modeling to investigate how chronic and acute heat stress independently and collectively influence the embryonic survival of lizards across latitudes. We collected and bred lizards from 5 latitudes and incubated their eggs across a range of temperatures to quantify population-specific responses to chronic and acute heat stress. Using an embryonic development model parameterized with measured embryonic heat tolerances, we further identified a collective impact of embryonic chronic and acute heat tolerances on embryonic survival. We also incorporated embryonic chronic and acute heat tolerance in hybrid species distribution models to determine species' range shifts under climate change. Embryos' tolerance of chronic heat (T-chronic) remained consistent across latitudes, whereas their tolerance of acute heat (T-acute) was higher at high latitudes than at low latitudes. Tolerance of acute heat exerted a more pronounced influence than tolerance of chronic heat. In species distribution models, climate change led to the most significant habitat loss for each population and species in its low-latitude distribution. Consequently, habitat for populations across all latitudes will shift toward high latitudes. Our study also highlights the importance of considering embryonic survival under chronic and acute heat stresses to predict species' vulnerability to climate change.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liang Ma
- Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- School of Ecology, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Dan-Yang Wu
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Wang
- School of Biological Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Joshua M Hall
- Department of Biology, Tennessee Technological University, Cookeville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Chun-Rong Mi
- Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hong-Xin Xie
- Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wei-Jie Tao
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Chao Hou
- School of Science, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Kun-Ming Cheng
- Key Laboratory for Ecology of Tropical Islands, College of Life Sciences, Ministry of Education, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, China
| | - Yong-Pu Zhang
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Ji-Chao Wang
- Key Laboratory for Ecology of Tropical Islands, College of Life Sciences, Ministry of Education, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, China
| | - Hong-Liang Lu
- Hangzhou Key Laboratory of Animal Adaptation and Evolution, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wei-Guo Du
- Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Bao-Jun Sun
- Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Noedoost F, Behroozian M, Karami S, Joharchi MR. Potential impacts of climate change on the geographic distribution of Achillea eriophora DC., a medicinal species endemic to Iran in southwestern Asia. Ecol Evol 2024; 14:e11241. [PMID: 38681180 PMCID: PMC11045919 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.11241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Climate change is considered to rank among the most important global issues affecting species' geographic distributions and biodiversity. Understanding effects of climate change on species can enhance conservation efficacy. In this study, we applied ecological niche modeling (ENM) using maximum entropy (MaxEnt) approaches to predict the potential geographic distribution of Achillea eriophora DC., a medicinal plant species to Iran in southwestern Asia, under current and future climate scenarios. We evaluated potential distributional areas of the species, under two shared socioeconomic pathways (SSP2-4.5 and SSP5-8.5) for the period 2041-2060. Most current potential suitable areas were identified for A. eriophora in montane regions. Our results anticipated that the potential distribution of A. eriophora will expand geographically toward higher elevations and northward. However, the species is expected to experience relatively high losses of suitability in its actual habitats under future climate scenarios. Consequently, we recommend regional-to-national conservation action plans for A. eriophora in its natural habitats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fariba Noedoost
- Department of Biology, Faculty of ScienceBehbahan Khatam Alanbia University of TechnologyBehbahanKhuzestanIran
| | | | - Sahar Karami
- Quantitative Plant Ecology and Biodiversity Research Lab, Department of Biology, Faculty of ScienceFerdowsi University of MashhadMashhadIran
| | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Tennakoon S, Apan A, Maraseni T. Unravelling the impact of climate change on honey bees: An ensemble modelling approach to predict shifts in habitat suitability in Queensland, Australia. Ecol Evol 2024; 14:e11300. [PMID: 38638367 PMCID: PMC11024685 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.11300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Honey bees play a vital role in providing essential ecosystem services and contributing to global agriculture. However, the potential effect of climate change on honey bee distribution is still not well understood. This study aims to identify the most influential bioclimatic and environmental variables, assess their impact on honey bee distribution, and predict future distribution. An ensemble modelling approach using the biomod2 package in R was employed to develop three models: a climate-only model, an environment-only model, and a combined climate and environment model. By utilising bioclimatic data (radiation of the wettest and driest quarters and temperature seasonality) from 1990 to 2009, combined with observed honey bee presence and pseudo absence data, this model predicted suitable locations for honey bee apiaries for two future time spans: 2020-2039 and 2060-2079. The climate-only model exhibited a true skill statistic (TSS) value of 0.85, underscoring the pivotal role of radiation and temperature seasonality in shaping honey bee distribution. The environment-only model, incorporating proximity to floral resources, foliage projective cover, and elevation, demonstrated strong predictive performance, with a TSS of 0.88, emphasising the significance of environmental variables in determining habitat suitability for honey bees. The combined model had a higher TSS of 0.96, indicating that the combination of climate and environmental variables enhances the model's performance. By the 2020-2039 period, approximately 88% of highly suitable habitats for honey bees are projected to transition from their current state to become moderate (14.84%) to marginally suitable (13.46%) areas. Predictions for the 2060-2079 period reveal a concerning trend: 100% of highly suitable land transitions into moderately (0.54%), marginally (17.56%), or not suitable areas (81.9%) for honey bees. These results emphasise the critical need for targeted conservation efforts and the implementation of policies aimed at safeguarding honey bees and the vital apiary industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarasie Tennakoon
- School of Surveying and Built EnvironmentUniversity of Southern QueenslandToowoombaQueenslandAustralia
| | - Armando Apan
- School of Surveying and Built EnvironmentUniversity of Southern QueenslandToowoombaQueenslandAustralia
- Institute of Environmental Science and MeteorologyUniversity of the Philippines DilimanQuezon CityPhilippines
| | - Tek Maraseni
- Institute for Life Sciences and the EnvironmentUniversity of Southern QueenslandToowoombaQueenslandAustralia
- Chinese Academy of SciencesNorthwest Institute of Eco‐Environment and ResourcesLanzhouChina
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Albers HJ, Chang CH, Dissanayake STM, Helmstedt KJ, Kroetz K, Dilkina B, Zapata-Mor An I, Nolte C, Ochoa-Ochoa LM, Spencer G. Anticipating anthropogenic threats in acquiring new protected areas. CONSERVATION BIOLOGY : THE JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR CONSERVATION BIOLOGY 2024; 38:e14176. [PMID: 37668112 DOI: 10.1111/cobi.14176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
Biodiversity continues to decline despite protected area expansion and global conservation commitments. Biodiversity losses occur in existing protected areas, yet common methods used to select protected areas ignore postimplementation threats that reduce effectiveness. We developed a conservation planning framework that considers the ongoing anthropogenic threats within protected areas when selecting sites and the value of planning for costly threat-mitigating activities (i.e., enforcement) at the time of siting decisions. We applied the framework to a set of landscapes that contained the range of possible correlations between species richness and threat. Accounting for threats and implementing enforcement activities increased benefits from protected areas without increasing budgets. Threat information was valuable in conserving more species per spending level even without enforcement, especially on landscapes with randomly distributed threats. Benefits from including threat information and enforcement were greatest when human threats peaked in areas of high species richness and were lowest where human threats were negatively associated with species richness. Because acquiring information on threats and using threat-mitigating activities are costly, our findings can guide decision-makers regarding the settings in which to pursue these planning steps.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Heidi J Albers
- Department of Economics, University of Wyoming, Laramie, Wyoming, USA
| | - Charlotte H Chang
- Department of Biology and Environmental Analysis Program, Pomona College, Claremont, California, USA
- David H. Smith Conservation Research Fellowship Program, Society for Conservation Biology, Washington, DC, USA
- National Institute for Mathematical and Biological Synthesis, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, USA
| | | | - Kate J Helmstedt
- School of Mathematical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Kailin Kroetz
- School of Sustainability, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA
- Resources for the Future, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Bistra Dilkina
- Department of Computer Science, Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | | | - Christoph Nolte
- Department of Earth & Environment, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Leticia M Ochoa-Ochoa
- Departamento de Biolog´ıa Evolutiva, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Filazzola A, Johnson MTJ, Barrett K, Hayes S, Shrestha N, Timms L, MacIvor JS. The great urban shift: Climate change is predicted to drive mass species turnover in cities. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0299217. [PMID: 38536797 PMCID: PMC10971775 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0299217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Human experiences with nature are important for our culture, economy, and health. Anthropogenically-driven climate change is causing widespread shifts in biodiversity and resident urban wildlife are no exception. We modelled over 2,000 animal species to predict how climate change will impact terrestrial wildlife within 60 Canadian and American cities. We found evidence of an impending great urban shift where thousands of species will disappear across the selected cities, being replaced by new species, or not replaced at all. Effects were largely species-specific, with the most negatively impacted taxa being amphibians, canines, and loons. These predicted shifts were consistent across scenarios of greenhouse gas emissions, but our results show that the severity of change will be defined by our action or inaction to mitigate climate change. An impending massive shift in urban wildlife will impact the cultural experiences of human residents, the delivery of ecosystem services, and our relationship with nature.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Filazzola
- Centre for Urban Environments, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada
- Apex Resource Management Solutions, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Marc T. J. Johnson
- Centre for Urban Environments, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Biology, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Sue Hayes
- Toronto and Region Conservation Authority, Concord, ON, Canada
| | | | - Laura Timms
- Department of Watershed Knowledge, Credit Valley Conservation, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada
| | - James Scott MacIvor
- Centre for Urban Environments, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, Toronto, Ontario Canada
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Cheung K, Amos TG, Shine R, DeVore JL, Ducatez S, Edwards RJ, Rollins LA. Whole-mitogenome analysis unveils previously undescribed genetic diversity in cane toads across their invasion trajectory. Ecol Evol 2024; 14:e11115. [PMID: 38435005 PMCID: PMC10909579 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.11115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Invasive species offer insights into rapid adaptation to novel environments. The iconic cane toad (Rhinella marina) is an excellent model for studying rapid adaptation during invasion. Previous research using the mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase 3 (ND3) gene in Hawai'ian and Australian invasive populations found a single haplotype, indicating an extreme genetic bottleneck following introduction. Nuclear genetic diversity also exhibited reductions across the genome in these two populations. Here, we investigated the mitochondrial genomics of cane toads across this invasion trajectory. We created the first reference mitochondrial genome for this species using long-read sequence data. We combined whole-genome resequencing data of 15 toads with published transcriptomic data of 125 individuals to construct nearly complete mitochondrial genomes from the native (French Guiana) and introduced (Hawai'i and Australia) ranges for population genomic analyses. In agreement with previous investigations of these populations, we identified genetic bottlenecks in both Hawai'ian and Australian introduced populations, alongside evidence of population expansion in the invasive ranges. Although mitochondrial genetic diversity in introduced populations was reduced, our results revealed that it had been underestimated: we identified 45 mitochondrial haplotypes in Hawai'ian and Australian samples, none of which were found in the native range. Additionally, we identified two distinct groups of haplotypes from the native range, separated by a minimum of 110 base pairs (0.6%). These findings enhance our understanding of how invasion has shaped the genetic landscape of this species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kelton Cheung
- Evolution & Ecology Research Centre, School of Biological, Earth & Environmental SciencesUniversity of New South WalesSydneyNew South WalesAustralia
- School of Biotechnology & Biomolecular SciencesUniversity of New South WalesSydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Timothy G. Amos
- School of Biotechnology & Biomolecular SciencesUniversity of New South WalesSydneyNew South WalesAustralia
- Garvan Institute of Medical ResearchSydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Rick Shine
- Department of Biological SciencesMacquarie UniversitySydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Jayna L. DeVore
- Univ. Polynésie FrancaiseUMR 241 EIO (UPF, IRD, IFREMER, ILM) BP 6570 Faa'aTahitiFrench Polynesia
| | - Simon Ducatez
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)UMR 241 EIO (UPF, IRD, IFREMER, ILM) BP 6570 Faa'aTahitiFrench Polynesia
| | - Richard J. Edwards
- School of Biotechnology & Biomolecular SciencesUniversity of New South WalesSydneyNew South WalesAustralia
- Minderoo OceanOmics Centre at UWA, Oceans InstituteThe University of Western AustraliaPerthWestern AustraliaAustralia
| | - Lee Ann Rollins
- Evolution & Ecology Research Centre, School of Biological, Earth & Environmental SciencesUniversity of New South WalesSydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Nimbs MJ, Champion C, Lobos SE, Malcolm HA, Miller AD, Seinor K, Smith SD, Knott N, Wheeler D, Coleman MA. Genomic analyses indicate resilience of a commercially and culturally important marine gastropod snail to climate change. PeerJ 2023; 11:e16498. [PMID: 38025735 PMCID: PMC10676721 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.16498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Genomic vulnerability analyses are being increasingly used to assess the adaptability of species to climate change and provide an opportunity for proactive management of harvested marine species in changing oceans. Southeastern Australia is a climate change hotspot where many marine species are shifting poleward. The turban snail, Turbo militaris is a commercially and culturally harvested marine gastropod snail from eastern Australia. The species has exhibited a climate-driven poleward range shift over the last two decades presenting an ongoing challenge for sustainable fisheries management. We investigate the impact of future climate change on T. militaris using genotype-by-sequencing to project patterns of gene flow and local adaptation across its range under climate change scenarios. A single admixed, and potentially panmictic, demographic unit was revealed with no evidence of genetic subdivision across the species range. Significant genotype associations with heterogeneous habitat features were observed, including associations with sea surface temperature, ocean currents, and nutrients, indicating possible adaptive genetic differentiation. These findings suggest that standing genetic variation may be available for selection to counter future environmental change, assisted by widespread gene flow, high fecundity and short generation time in this species. We discuss the findings of this study in the content of future fisheries management and conservation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matt J. Nimbs
- National Marine Science Centre, Southern Cross University, Coffs Harbour, New South Wales, Australia
- NSW Department of Primary Industries, Fisheries, National Marine Science Centre, Coffs Harbour, Australia
| | - Curtis Champion
- National Marine Science Centre, Southern Cross University, Coffs Harbour, New South Wales, Australia
- NSW Department of Primary Industries, Fisheries, National Marine Science Centre, Coffs Harbour, Australia
| | - Simon E. Lobos
- Deakin Genomics Centre, Deakin University, Geelong, Vic, Australia
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Warrnambool, Vic, Australia
| | - Hamish A. Malcolm
- NSW Department of Primary Industries, Fisheries Research, Coffs Harbour, NSW, Australia
| | - Adam D. Miller
- Deakin Genomics Centre, Deakin University, Geelong, Vic, Australia
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Warrnambool, Vic, Australia
| | - Kate Seinor
- National Marine Science Centre, Southern Cross University, Coffs Harbour, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Stephen D.A. Smith
- National Marine Science Centre, Southern Cross University, Coffs Harbour, New South Wales, Australia
- Aquamarine Australia, Mullaway, NSW, Australia
| | - Nathan Knott
- NSW Department of Primary Industries, Fisheries Research, Huskisson, NSW, Australia
| | - David Wheeler
- NSW Department of Primary Industries, Orange, NSW, Australia
| | - Melinda A. Coleman
- National Marine Science Centre, Southern Cross University, Coffs Harbour, New South Wales, Australia
- NSW Department of Primary Industries, Fisheries, National Marine Science Centre, Coffs Harbour, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Lettrich MD, Asaro MJ, Borggaard DL, Dick DM, Griffis RB, Litz JA, Orphanides CD, Palka DL, Soldevilla MS, Balmer B, Chavez S, Cholewiak D, Claridge D, Ewing RY, Fazioli KL, Fertl D, Fougeres EM, Gannon D, Garrison L, Gilbert J, Gorgone A, Hohn A, Horstman S, Josephson B, Kenney RD, Kiszka JJ, Maze-Foley K, McFee W, Mullin KD, Murray K, Pendleton DE, Robbins J, Roberts JJ, Rodriguez- Ferrer G, Ronje EI, Rosel PE, Speakman T, Stanistreet JE, Stevens T, Stolen M, Moore RT, Vollmer NL, Wells R, Whitehead HR, Whitt A. Vulnerability to climate change of United States marine mammal stocks in the western North Atlantic, Gulf of Mexico, and Caribbean. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0290643. [PMID: 37729181 PMCID: PMC10511136 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0290643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Climate change and climate variability are affecting marine mammal species and these impacts are projected to continue in the coming decades. Vulnerability assessments provide a framework for evaluating climate impacts over a broad range of species using currently available information. We conducted a trait-based climate vulnerability assessment using expert elicitation for 108 marine mammal stocks and stock groups in the western North Atlantic, Gulf of Mexico, and Caribbean Sea. Our approach combined the exposure (projected change in environmental conditions) and sensitivity (ability to tolerate and adapt to changing conditions) of marine mammal stocks to estimate vulnerability to climate change, and categorize stocks with a vulnerability index. The climate vulnerability score was very high for 44% (n = 47) of these stocks, high for 29% (n = 31), moderate for 20% (n = 22), and low for 7% (n = 8). The majority of stocks (n = 78; 72%) scored very high exposure, whereas 24% (n = 26) scored high, and 4% (n = 4) scored moderate. The sensitivity score was very high for 33% (n = 36) of these stocks, high for 18% (n = 19), moderate for 34% (n = 37), and low for 15% (n = 16). Vulnerability results were summarized for stocks in five taxonomic groups: pinnipeds (n = 4; 25% high, 75% moderate), mysticetes (n = 7; 29% very high, 57% high, 14% moderate), ziphiids (n = 8; 13% very high, 50% high, 38% moderate), delphinids (n = 84; 52% very high, 23% high, 15% moderate, 10% low), and other odontocetes (n = 5; 60% high, 40% moderate). Factors including temperature, ocean pH, and dissolved oxygen were the primary drivers of high climate exposure, with effects mediated through prey and habitat parameters. We quantified sources of uncertainty by bootstrapping vulnerability scores, conducting leave-one-out analyses of individual attributes and individual scorers, and through scoring data quality for each attribute. These results provide information for researchers, managers, and the public on marine mammal responses to climate change to enhance the development of more effective marine mammal management, restoration, and conservation activities that address current and future environmental variation and biological responses due to climate change.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew D. Lettrich
- ECS Under Contract for Office of Science and Technology, NOAA Fisheries, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Michael J. Asaro
- Northeast Fisheries Science Center, NOAA Fisheries, Woods Hole, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Diane L. Borggaard
- Greater Atlantic Regional Fisheries Office, NOAA Fisheries, Gloucester, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Dorothy M. Dick
- Office of Protected Resources, NOAA Fisheries, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Roger B. Griffis
- Office of Science and Technology, NOAA Fisheries, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Jenny A. Litz
- Marine Mammal and Turtle Division, Southeast Fisheries Science Center, NOAA Fisheries, Miami, Florida, United States of America
| | - Christopher D. Orphanides
- Northeast Fisheries Science Center, NOAA Fisheries, Woods Hole, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Debra L. Palka
- Northeast Fisheries Science Center, NOAA Fisheries, Woods Hole, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Melissa S. Soldevilla
- Marine Mammal and Turtle Division, Southeast Fisheries Science Center, NOAA Fisheries, Miami, Florida, United States of America
| | - Brian Balmer
- Dolphin Relief and Research, Clancy, Montana, United States of America
| | - Samuel Chavez
- Integrated Statistics, Woods Hole, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Danielle Cholewiak
- Northeast Fisheries Science Center, NOAA Fisheries, Woods Hole, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Diane Claridge
- Bahamas Marine Mammal Research Organisation, Marsh Harbour, Abaco, Bahamas
| | - Ruth Y. Ewing
- Marine Mammal and Turtle Division, Southeast Fisheries Science Center, NOAA Fisheries, Miami, Florida, United States of America
| | - Kristi L. Fazioli
- Environmental Institute of Houston, University of Houston ‐ Clear Lake, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Dagmar Fertl
- Ziphius EcoServices, Magnolia, Texas, United States of America
| | - Erin M. Fougeres
- Southeast Regional Office, NOAA Fisheries, Saint Petersburg, Florida, United States of America
| | - Damon Gannon
- University of Georgia Marine Institute, Sapelo Island, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Lance Garrison
- Marine Mammal and Turtle Division, Southeast Fisheries Science Center, NOAA Fisheries, Miami, Florida, United States of America
| | - James Gilbert
- University of Maine, Orono, Maine, United States of America
| | - Annie Gorgone
- CIMAS, University of Miami, Under Contract for NOAA Fisheries Southeast Fisheries Science Center, Beaufort, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Aleta Hohn
- Marine Mammal and Turtle Division, Southeast Fisheries Science Center, NOAA Fisheries, Beaufort, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Stacey Horstman
- Southeast Regional Office, NOAA Fisheries, Saint Petersburg, Florida, United States of America
| | - Beth Josephson
- Integrated Statistics, Woods Hole, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Robert D. Kenney
- Graduate School of Oceanography, University of Rhode Island, Narragansett, Rhode Island, United States of America
| | - Jeremy J. Kiszka
- Department of Biological Sciences, Institute of Environment, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, United States of America
| | - Katherine Maze-Foley
- CIMAS, University of Miami, Under Contract for Marine Mammal and Turtle Division, Southeast Fisheries Science Center, NOAA Fisheries, Miami, Florida, United States of America
| | - Wayne McFee
- National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science, National Ocean Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Charleston, South Carolina, United States of America
| | - Keith D. Mullin
- Marine Mammal and Turtle Division, Southeast Fisheries Science Center, NOAA Fisheries, Pascagoula, Mississippi, United States of America
| | - Kimberly Murray
- Northeast Fisheries Science Center, NOAA Fisheries, Woods Hole, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Daniel E. Pendleton
- Anderson Cabot Center for Ocean Life at the New England Aquarium, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Jooke Robbins
- Center for Coastal Studies, Provincetown, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Jason J. Roberts
- Marine Geospatial Ecology Lab, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | | | - Errol I. Ronje
- National Centers for Environmental Information, NOAA, Stennis Space Center, Hancock County, Mississippi, United States of America
| | - Patricia E. Rosel
- Marine Mammal and Turtle Division, Southeast Fisheries Science Center, NOAA Fisheries, Lafayette, Louisiana, United States of America
| | - Todd Speakman
- National Marine Mammal Foundation, Charleston, South Carolina, United States of America
| | | | - Tara Stevens
- CSA Ocean Sciences, East Greenwich, Rhode Island, United States of America
| | - Megan Stolen
- Blue World Research Institute, Merritt Island, Florida, United States of America
| | - Reny Tyson Moore
- Sarasota Dolphin Research Program, Chicago Zoological Society, Sarasota, Florida, United States of America
| | - Nicole L. Vollmer
- CIMAS, University of Miami, Under Contract for Marine Mammal and Turtle Division, Southeast Fisheries Science Center, NOAA Fisheries, Lafayette, Louisiana, United States of America
| | - Randall Wells
- Sarasota Dolphin Research Program, Chicago Zoological Society, Sarasota, Florida, United States of America
| | - Heidi R. Whitehead
- Texas Marine Mammal Stranding Network, Galveston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Amy Whitt
- Azura Consulting, Garland, Texas, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Wylie MJ, Kitson J, Russell K, Yoshizaki G, Yazawa R, Steeves TE, Wellenreuther M. Fish germ cell cryobanking and transplanting for conservation. Mol Ecol Resour 2023. [PMID: 37712134 DOI: 10.1111/1755-0998.13868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
The unprecedented loss of global biodiversity is linked to multiple anthropogenic stressors. New conservation technologies are urgently needed to mitigate this loss. The rights, knowledge and perspectives of Indigenous peoples in biodiversity conservation-including the development and application of new technologies-are increasingly recognised. Advances in germplasm cryopreservation and germ cell transplantation (termed 'broodstock surrogacy') techniques offer exciting tools to preserve biodiversity, but their application has been underappreciated. Here, we use teleost fishes as an exemplar group to outline (1) the power of these techniques to preserve genome-wide genetic diversity, (2) the need to apply a conservation genomic lens when selecting individuals for germplasm cryobanking and broodstock surrogacy and (3) the value of considering the cultural significance of these genomic resources. We conclude by discussing the opportunities and challenges of these techniques for conserving biodiversity in threatened teleost fish and beyond.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J Wylie
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant & Food Research Limited, Nelson, New Zealand
| | - Jane Kitson
- Kitson Consulting Ltd, Invercargill, New Zealand
| | - Khyla Russell
- Kāti Huirapa Rūnaka ki Puketeraki, Karitane, New Zealand
| | - Goro Yoshizaki
- Department of Marine Biosciences, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Yazawa
- Department of Marine Biosciences, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tammy E Steeves
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Maren Wellenreuther
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant & Food Research Limited, Nelson, New Zealand
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Oliver RY, Iannarilli F, Ahumada J, Fegraus E, Flores N, Kays R, Birch T, Ranipeta A, Rogan MS, Sica YV, Jetz W. Camera trapping expands the view into global biodiversity and its change. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2023; 378:20220232. [PMID: 37246379 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2022.0232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Growing threats to biodiversity demand timely, detailed information on species occurrence, diversity and abundance at large scales. Camera traps (CTs), combined with computer vision models, provide an efficient method to survey species of certain taxa with high spatio-temporal resolution. We test the potential of CTs to close biodiversity knowledge gaps by comparing CT records of terrestrial mammals and birds from the recently released Wildlife Insights platform to publicly available occurrences from many observation types in the Global Biodiversity Information Facility. In locations with CTs, we found they sampled a greater number of days (mean = 133 versus 57 days) and documented additional species (mean increase of 1% of expected mammals). For species with CT data, we found CTs provided novel documentation of their ranges (93% of mammals and 48% of birds). Countries with the largest boost in data coverage were in the historically underrepresented southern hemisphere. Although embargoes increase data providers' willingness to share data, they cause a lag in data availability. Our work shows that the continued collection and mobilization of CT data, especially when combined with data sharing that supports attribution and privacy, has the potential to offer a critical lens into biodiversity. This article is part of the theme issue 'Detecting and attributing the causes of biodiversity change: needs, gaps and solutions'.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Y Oliver
- Center for Biodiversity and Global Change, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
- Bren School of Environmental Science and Management, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA
| | - Fabiola Iannarilli
- Center for Biodiversity and Global Change, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Jorge Ahumada
- Moore Center for Science, Conservation International, 2011 Crystal Drive Suite 600, Arlington, VA 22202, USA
| | - Eric Fegraus
- Moore Center for Science, Conservation International, 2011 Crystal Drive Suite 600, Arlington, VA 22202, USA
| | - Nicole Flores
- Moore Center for Science, Conservation International, 2011 Crystal Drive Suite 600, Arlington, VA 22202, USA
| | - Roland Kays
- Department of Forestry and Environmental Resources, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27606, USA
- North Carolina Museum of Natural Sciences, Raleigh, NC 27601, USA
| | - Tanya Birch
- Google, LLC, 1600 Amphitheatre Parkway, Mountain View, CA 94043, USA
| | - Ajay Ranipeta
- Center for Biodiversity and Global Change, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
- Moore Center for Science, Conservation International, 2011 Crystal Drive Suite 600, Arlington, VA 22202, USA
| | - Matthew S Rogan
- Center for Biodiversity and Global Change, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Yanina V Sica
- Center for Biodiversity and Global Change, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Walter Jetz
- Center for Biodiversity and Global Change, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Gaget E, Galewski T, Brommer JE, Le Viol I, Jiguet F, Baccetti N, Langendoen T, Molina B, Moniz F, Moussy C, Zenatello M, Guillemain M. Habitat management favouring hunted waterbird species prevents distribution changes in response to climate warming. Anim Conserv 2023. [DOI: 10.1111/acv.12872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
|
13
|
Leung C, Guscelli E, Chabot D, Bourret A, Calosi P, Parent GJ. The lack of genetic variation underlying thermal transcriptomic plasticity suggests limited adaptability of the Northern shrimp, Pandalus borealis. Front Ecol Evol 2023. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2023.1125134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
IntroductionGenetic variation underlies the populations’ potential to adapt to and persist in a changing environment, while phenotypic plasticity can play a key role in buffering the negative impacts of such change at the individual level.MethodsWe investigated the role of genetic variation in the thermal response of the northern shrimp Pandalus borealis, an ectotherm species distributed in the Arctic and North Atlantic Oceans. More specifically, we estimated the proportion transcriptomic responses explained by genetic variance of female shrimp from three origins after 30 days of exposure to three temperature treatments.ResultsWe characterized the P. borealis transcriptome (170,377 transcripts, of which 27.48% were functionally annotated) and then detected a total of 1,607 and 907 differentially expressed transcripts between temperatures and origins, respectively. Shrimp from different origins displayed high but similar level of transcriptomic plasticity in response to elevated temperatures. Differences in transcript expression among origins were not correlated to population genetic differentiation or diversity but to environmental conditions at origin during sampling.DiscussionThe lack of genetic variation explaining thermal plasticity suggests limited adaptability in this species’ response to future environmental changes. These results together with higher mortality observed at the highest temperature indicate that the thermal niche of P. borealis will likely be restricted to higher latitudes in the future. This prediction concurs with current decreases in abundance observed at the southern edge of this species geographical distribution, as it is for other cold-adapted crustaceans.
Collapse
|
14
|
Santana-Garcon J, Bennett S, Marbà N, Vergés A, Arthur R, Alcoverro T. Tropicalization shifts herbivore pressure from seagrass to rocky reef communities. Proc Biol Sci 2023; 290:20221744. [PMID: 36629100 PMCID: PMC9832549 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2022.1744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Climate-driven species redistributions are reshuffling the composition of marine ecosystems. How these changes alter ecosystem functions, however, remains poorly understood. Here we examine how impacts of herbivory change across a gradient of tropicalization in the Mediterranean Sea, which includes a steep climatic gradient and marked changes in plant nutritional quality and fish herbivore composition. We quantified individual feeding rates and behaviour of 755 fishes of the native Sarpa salpa, and non-native Siganus rivulatus and Siganus luridus. We measured herbivore and benthic assemblage composition across 20 sites along the gradient, spanning 30° of longitude and 8° of latitude. We coupled patterns in behaviour and composition with temperature measurements and nutrient concentrations to assess changes in herbivory under tropicalization. We found a transition in ecological impacts by fish herbivory across the Mediterranean from a predominance of seagrass herbivory in the west to a dominance of macroalgal herbivory in the east. Underlying this shift were changes in both individual feeding behaviour (i.e. food choice) and fish assemblage composition. The shift in feeding selectivity was consistent among temperate and warm-affiliated herbivores. Our findings suggest herbivory can contribute to the increased vulnerability of seaweed communities and reduced vulnerability of seagrass meadows in tropicalized ecosystems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julia Santana-Garcon
- Global Change Research Group, Institut Mediterrani d'Estudis Avançats (IMEDEA), CSIC-UIB, Esporles, Spain,Flourishing Oceans Initiative, The Minderoo Foundation, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Scott Bennett
- Global Change Research Group, Institut Mediterrani d'Estudis Avançats (IMEDEA), CSIC-UIB, Esporles, Spain,Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia
| | - Núria Marbà
- Global Change Research Group, Institut Mediterrani d'Estudis Avançats (IMEDEA), CSIC-UIB, Esporles, Spain
| | - Adriana Vergés
- Evolution & Ecology Research Centre, Centre for Marine Science and Innovation, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Rohan Arthur
- Nature Conservation Foundation, 3076/5, 4th Cross, Gokulam Park, Mysore, Karnataka 570 002, India,Centre d'Estudis Avançats de Blanes (CEAB-CSIC), Accés a la cala Sant Francesc 14, 17300 Blanes, Spain
| | - Teresa Alcoverro
- Nature Conservation Foundation, 3076/5, 4th Cross, Gokulam Park, Mysore, Karnataka 570 002, India,Centre d'Estudis Avançats de Blanes (CEAB-CSIC), Accés a la cala Sant Francesc 14, 17300 Blanes, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Tourinho L, Vale MM. Choosing among correlative, mechanistic, and hybrid models of species' niche and distribution. Integr Zool 2023; 18:93-109. [PMID: 34932894 DOI: 10.1111/1749-4877.12618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Different models are available to estimate species' niche and distribution. Mechanistic and correlative models have different underlying conceptual bases, thus generating different estimates of a species' niche and geographic extent. Hybrid models, which combining correlative and mechanistic approaches, are considered a promising strategy; however, no synthesis in the literature assessed their applicability for terrestrial vertebrates to allow best-choice model considering their strengths and trade-offs. Here, we provide a systematic review of studies that compared or integrated correlative and mechanistic models to estimate species' niche for terrestrial vertebrates under climate change. Our goal was to understand their conceptual, methodological, and performance differences, and the applicability of each approach. The studies we reviewed directly compared mechanistic and correlative predictions in terms of accuracy or estimated suitable area, however, without any quantitative analysis to support comparisons. Contrastingly, many studies suggest that instead of comparing approaches, mechanistic and correlative methods should be integrated (hybrid models). However, we stress that the best approach is highly context-dependent. Indeed, the quality and effectiveness of the prediction depends on the study's objective, methodological design, and which type of species' niche and geographic distribution estimated are more appropriate to answer the study's issue.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luara Tourinho
- Graduate Program in Ecology, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Mariana M Vale
- Ecology Department, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Novel physiological data needed for progress in global change ecology. Basic Appl Ecol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.baae.2023.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
|
17
|
Soler GA, Edgar GJ, Barrett NS, Stuart-Smith RD, Oh E, Cooper A, Ridgway KR, Ling SD. Warming signals in temperate reef communities following more than a decade of ecological stability. Proc Biol Sci 2022; 289:20221649. [PMID: 36515119 PMCID: PMC9748771 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2022.1649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Ecosystem structure and function are increasingly threatened by changing climate, with profound effects observed globally in recent decades. Based on standardized visual censuses of reef biodiversity, we describe 27 years of community-level change for fishes, mobile macroinvertebrates and macroalgae in the Tasmanian ocean-warming hotspot. Significant ecological change was observed across 94 reef sites (5-10 m depth range) spanning four coastal regions between three periods (1992-95, 2006-07, 2017-19), which occurred against a background of pronounced sea temperature rise (+0.80°C on average). Overall, fish biomass increased, macroinvertebrate species richness and abundance decreased and macroalgal cover decreased, particularly during the most recent decade. While reef communities were relatively stable and warming was slight between the 1990s and mid-2000s (+0.12°C mean temperature rise), increased abundances of warm affinity fishes and invertebrates accompanied warming during the most recent decade (+0.68°C rise). However, significant rises in the community temperature index (CTI) were only found for fishes, invertebrates and macroalgae in some regions. Coastal warming was associated with increased fish biomass of non-targeted species in fished zones but had little effect on reef communities within marine reserves. Higher abundances of larger fishes and lobsters inside reserves appeared to negate impacts of 'thermophilization'.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G. A. Soler
- Institute for Marine & Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 129, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia
| | - G. J. Edgar
- Institute for Marine & Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 129, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia
| | - N. S. Barrett
- Institute for Marine & Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 129, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia
| | - R. D. Stuart-Smith
- Institute for Marine & Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 129, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia
| | - E. Oh
- Institute for Marine & Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 129, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia
| | - A. Cooper
- Institute for Marine & Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 129, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia
| | - K. R. Ridgway
- Institute for Marine & Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 129, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia,CSIRO Hobart, Castray Esplanade, Battery Point Tasmania 7004, Australia
| | - S. D. Ling
- Institute for Marine & Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 129, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Bosch NE, Pessarrodona A, Filbee-Dexter K, Tuya F, Mulders Y, Bell S, Langlois T, Wernberg T. Habitat configurations shape the trophic and energetic dynamics of reef fishes in a tropical-temperate transition zone: implications under a warming future. Oecologia 2022; 200:455-470. [PMID: 36344837 PMCID: PMC9675646 DOI: 10.1007/s00442-022-05278-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Understanding the extent to which species' traits mediate patterns of community assembly is key to predict the effect of natural and anthropogenic disturbances on ecosystem functioning. Here, we apply a trait-based community assembly framework to understand how four different habitat configurations (kelp forests, Sargassum spp. beds, hard corals, and turfs) shape the trophic and energetic dynamics of reef fish assemblages in a tropical-temperate transition zone. Specifically, we tested (i) the degree of trait divergence and convergence in each habitat, (ii) which traits explained variation in species' abundances, and (iii) differences in standing biomass (kg ha-1), secondary productivity (kg ha-1 day-1) and turnover (% day-1). Fish assemblages in coral and kelp habitats displayed greater evidence of trait convergence, while turf and Sargassum spp. habitats displayed a higher degree of trait divergence, a pattern that was mostly driven by traits related to resource use and thermal affinity. This filtering effect had an imprint on the trophic and energetic dynamics of reef fishes, with turf habitats supporting higher fish biomass and productivity. However, these gains were strongly dependent on trophic guild, with herbivores/detritivores disproportionately contributing to among-habitat differences. Despite these perceived overall gains, turnover was decoupled for fishes that act as conduit of energy to higher trophic levels (i.e. microinvertivores), with coral habitats displaying higher rates of fish biomass replenishment than turf despite their lower productivity. This has important implications for biodiversity conservation and fisheries management, questioning the long-term sustainability of ecological processes and fisheries yields in increasingly altered marine habitats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nestor E Bosch
- School of Biological Sciences, The UWA Oceans Institute, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia.
| | - Albert Pessarrodona
- School of Biological Sciences, The UWA Oceans Institute, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Karen Filbee-Dexter
- School of Biological Sciences, The UWA Oceans Institute, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia
- Institute of Marine Research, Nye Flødevigveien 20, 4817, His, Norway
| | - Fernando Tuya
- Grupo en Biodiversidad y Conservación, IU-ECOAQUA, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Crta. Taliarte S/N, 35214, Telde, Spain
| | - Yannick Mulders
- School of Biological Sciences, The UWA Oceans Institute, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Sahira Bell
- School of Biological Sciences, The UWA Oceans Institute, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Tim Langlois
- School of Biological Sciences, The UWA Oceans Institute, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Thomas Wernberg
- School of Biological Sciences, The UWA Oceans Institute, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia
- Institute of Marine Research, Nye Flødevigveien 20, 4817, His, Norway
- Department of Science and Environment, Roskilde University, 4000, Roskilde, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Buckner MA, Danforth BN. Climate-driven range shifts of a rare specialist bee, Macropis nuda (Melittidae), and its host plant, Lysimachia ciliata (Primulaceae). Glob Ecol Conserv 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gecco.2022.e02180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
|
20
|
Pineda-Lizano W, Chaverri G. Bat Assemblages along an Elevational Gradient in Costa Rica. ACTA CHIROPTEROLOGICA 2022. [DOI: 10.3161/15081109acc2022.24.1.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Willy Pineda-Lizano
- Doctorado en Ciencias Naturales para el Desarrollo (DOCINADE), Instituto Tecnológico de Costa Rica, Cartago, Costa Rica
| | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Kitratporn N, Takeuchi W. Human-elephant conflict risk assessment under coupled climatic and anthropogenic changes in Thailand. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 834:155174. [PMID: 35421470 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
As natural resources decrease, competition between humans and large endangered wildlife increases, hindering the sustainability of animal conservation and human development. Despite the multi-dimensional nature of such interactions, proactive assessments that consider both the biosphere and anthroposphere remain limited. In this study, we proposed a human elephant conflict risk assessment framework and analyzed the spatial distribution of risk at the baseline (2000-2019) and in the near future (2025-2044) for Thailand, so that it may address the multifaceted characteristics and impending effects of climate change. Future scenarios were based on the combination of RCP45/SSP2 or RCP85/SSP5 and spatial policy, with or without elephant buffer zones. The composite risk index, comprised of hazard, exposure, and vulnerability, was constructed using the geometric mean, and validation was performed with the area under the curve (AUC). Our results projected a shift with increasing future risk toward higher latitudes and altitudes. Increasing future risk (average +1.7% to +7.4%) in the four forest complexes (FCs) in northwestern regions was a result of higher hazard and vulnerability from more favorable habitat conditions and increasing drought probability, respectively. Reduction in future risk (average -3.1% to -57.9%) in other FCs in lower regions was mainly due to decreasing hazard because of decreasing habitat suitability. Our results also highlight geographically explicit strategies to support long-term planning of conservation resources. Areas with increasing future risk are currently facing low conflict; hence it is recommended that future strategies should enhance adaptive capacity and coexistence awareness. Conversely, areas with lowering future risk from a decrease in habitat quality are recommended to identify buffer strategies around protected areas to support existing large elephant populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nuntikorn Kitratporn
- Institute of Industrial Sciences, University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, 153-8505 Tokyo, Japan; Geo-Informatics and Space Technology Development Agency (GISTDA), Bangkok 10210, Thailand.
| | - Wataru Takeuchi
- Institute of Industrial Sciences, University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, 153-8505 Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Adam MM, Lenzner B, van Kleunen M, Essl F. Call for integrating future patterns of biodiversity into European conservation policy. Conserv Lett 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/conl.12911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Moritz M. Adam
- Faculty of Science, University of Amsterdam Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Bernd Lenzner
- Department of Botany and Biodiversity Research University of Vienna Vienna Austria
| | - Mark van Kleunen
- Department of Biology University of Konstanz Constance Germany
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation Taizhou University Taizhou China
| | - Franz Essl
- Department of Botany and Biodiversity Research University of Vienna Vienna Austria
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Adhikari P, Lee YH, Adhikari P, Hong SH, Park YS. Climate change-induced invasion risk of ecosystem disturbing alien plant species: An evaluation using species distribution modeling. Front Ecol Evol 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2022.880987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Species distribution modeling is widely used for evaluating invasion risk, and for prioritizing areas for the control and management of invasive species. However, selecting a modeling tool that accurately predicts species invasion risk requires a systematic approach. In this study, five species distribution models (SDMs), namely, artificial neural network (ANN), generalized linear model (GLM), multivariate adaptive regression splines (MARS), maximum entropy (MaxEnt), and random forest (RF), were performed and evaluated their model performance using the mean value of area under the curve (AUC), true skill statistics (TSS), and Kappa scores of 12 ecosystem disturbing alien plant species (EDAPS). The mean evaluation metric scores were highest in RF (AUC = 0.924 ± 0.058, TSS = 0.789 ± 0.109, Kappa = 0.671 ± 0.096, n = 12) and lowest in ANN. The ANOVA of AUC, TSS, and Kappa metrics revealed the RF model was significantly different from other SDMs and was therefore selected as the relatively best model. The potential distribution area and invasion risk for each EDAPS were quantified. Under the current climate conditions of South Korea, the average potential distribution area of EDAPS was estimated to be 13,062 km2. However, in future climate change scenarios, the average percentage change of EDAPS distribution relative to the current climate was predicted to be increased over 219.93%. Furthermore, under the current climate, 0.16% of the area of the country was estimated to be under a very high risk of invasion, but this would increase to 60.43% by 2070. Invasion risk under the current climate conditions was highest in the northwestern, southern, and southeastern regions, and in densely populated cities, such as Seoul, Busan, and Daegu. By 2070, invasion risk was predicted to expand across the whole country except in the northeastern region. These results suggested that climate change induced the risk of EDAPS invasiveness, and SDMs could be valuable tools for alien and invasive plant species risk assessment.
Collapse
|
24
|
Bosco L, Xu Y, Deshpande P, Lehikoinen A. Range shifts of overwintering birds depend on habitat type, snow conditions and habitat specialization. Oecologia 2022; 199:725-736. [PMID: 35767049 PMCID: PMC9309152 DOI: 10.1007/s00442-022-05209-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Climatic warming is forcing species to shift their ranges poleward, which has been demonstrated for many taxa globally. Yet, the influence of habitat types on within- and among-species variations of distribution shifts has rarely been studied, especially during the non-breeding season. Here, we investigated habitat-specific shift distances of northern range margins and directions of the distribution center based on long-term data of overwintering birds in Finland. Specifically, we explored influences of habitat type, species' snow depth tolerance, species' climatic niche and habitat specialization on range shifts during the past 40 years in 81 bird species. Birds overwintering in arable land shifted more clearly toward north compared to birds of the same species in rural and forest habitats, while the northern range margin shift distances did not significantly differ among the habitat types. Range shifts were more linked with the species' snow depth tolerance rather than species' climatic niche. Snow depth tolerance of species was negatively associated with the eastward shift direction across all habitats, while we found habitat-specific patterns with snow depth for northward shift directions and northern margin shift distances. Species with stronger habitat specializations shifted more strongly toward north as compared to generalist species, whereas the climatic niche of bird species only marginally correlated with range shifts, so that cold-dwelling species shifted longer distances and more clearly eastward. Our study reveals habitat-specific patterns linked to snow conditions for overwintering boreal birds and highlights the importance of habitat availability and preference in climate driven range shifts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Bosco
- The Helsinki Lab of Ornithology, Finnish Museum of Natural History, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Yanjie Xu
- The Helsinki Lab of Ornithology, Finnish Museum of Natural History, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Purabi Deshpande
- The Helsinki Lab of Ornithology, Finnish Museum of Natural History, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Research Programme in Organismal and Evolutionary Biology, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, 00011, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Aleksi Lehikoinen
- The Helsinki Lab of Ornithology, Finnish Museum of Natural History, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Ma Q, Li X, Wu S, Zeng F. Potential geographical distribution of Stipa purpurea across the Tibetan Plateau in China under climate change in the 21st century. Glob Ecol Conserv 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gecco.2022.e02064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
|
26
|
Affiliation(s)
| | - John M. Grady
- National Great Rivers Research and Education Center, East Alton IL USA
| | - Anthony I. Dell
- National Great Rivers Research and Education Center, East Alton IL USA
- Department of Biology Washington University in St Louis St Louis MO USA
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Latitudinal Diversity Gradient in the Changing World: Retrospectives and Perspectives. DIVERSITY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/d14050334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The latitudinal diversity gradient (LDG) is one of the most extensive and important biodiversity patterns on the Earth. Various studies have established that species diversity increases with higher taxa numbers from the polar to the tropics. Studies of multicellular biotas have supported the LDG patterns from land (e.g., plants, animals, forests, wetlands, grasslands, fungi, and so forth) to oceans (e.g., marine organisms from freshwater invertebrates, continental shelve, open ocean, even to the deep sea invertebrates). So far, there are several hypotheses proposed to explore the diversity patterns and mechanisms of LDG, however, there has been no consensus on the underlying causes of LDG over the past few decades. Thus, we reviewed the progress of LDG studies in recent years. Although several explanations for the LDG have been proposed, these hypotheses are only based on species richness, evolution and the ecosystems. In this review, we summarize the effects of evolution and ecology on the LDG patterns to synthesize the formation mechanisms of the general biodiversity distribution patterns. These intertwined factors from ecology and evolution in the LDG are generally due to the wider distribution of tropical areas, which hinders efforts to distinguish their relative contributions. However, the mechanisms of LDG always engaged controversies, especially in such a context that the human activity and climate change has affected the biodiversity. With the development of molecular biology, more genetic/genomic data are available to facilitate the estimation of global biodiversity patterns with regard to climate, latitude, and other factors. Given that human activity and climate change have inevitably impacted on biodiversity loss, biodiversity conservation should focus on the change in LDG pattern. Using large-scale genetic/genomic data to disentangle the diversity mechanisms and patterns of LDG, will provide insights into biodiversity conservation and management measures. Future perspectives of LDG with integrative genetic/genomic, species, evolution, and ecosystem diversity patterns, as well as the mechanisms that apply to biodiversity conservation, are discussed. It is imperative to explore integrated approaches for recognizing the causes of LDG in the context of rapid loss of diversity in a changing world.
Collapse
|
28
|
Shalders TC, Champion C, Coleman MA, Benkendorff K. The nutritional and sensory quality of seafood in a changing climate. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 176:105590. [PMID: 35255319 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2022.105590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Climate change is impacting living marine resources, whilst concomitantly, global reliance on seafood as a source of nutrition is increasing. Here we review an emerging research frontier, identifying significant impacts of climate-driven environmental change on the nutritional and sensory quality of seafood, and implications for human health. We highlight that changing ocean temperature, pH and salinity can lead to reductions in seafood macro and micronutrients, including essential nutrients such as protein and lipids. However, the nutritional quality of seafood appears to be more resilient in taxa that inhabit naturally variable environments such as estuaries and shallow near-coastal habitats. We develop criteria for assessing confidence in categorising the nutritional quality of seafood as vulnerable or resilient to climate change. The application of this criteria to a subset of seafood nutritional studies demonstrates confidence levels are generally low and could be improved by more realistic experimental designs and research collaboration. We highlight knowledge gaps to guide future research in this emerging field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tanika C Shalders
- National Marine Science Centre, Southern Cross University, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Coffs Harbour, New South Wales, Australia; Fisheries Research, NSW Department of Primary Industries, National Marine Science Centre, Coffs Harbour, New South Wales, Australia.
| | - Curtis Champion
- National Marine Science Centre, Southern Cross University, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Coffs Harbour, New South Wales, Australia; Fisheries Research, NSW Department of Primary Industries, National Marine Science Centre, Coffs Harbour, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Melinda A Coleman
- National Marine Science Centre, Southern Cross University, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Coffs Harbour, New South Wales, Australia; Fisheries Research, NSW Department of Primary Industries, National Marine Science Centre, Coffs Harbour, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Kirsten Benkendorff
- National Marine Science Centre, Southern Cross University, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Coffs Harbour, New South Wales, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Bosch NE, McLean M, Zarco-Perello S, Bennett S, Stuart-Smith RD, Vergés A, Pessarrodona A, Tuya F, Langlois T, Spencer C, Bell S, Saunders BJ, Harvey ES, Wernberg T. Persistent thermally driven shift in the functional trait structure of herbivorous fishes: Evidence of top-down control on the rebound potential of temperate seaweed forests? GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2022; 28:2296-2311. [PMID: 34981602 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.16070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Extreme climatic events can reshape the functional structure of ecological communities, potentially altering ecological interactions and ecosystem functioning. While these shifts have been widely documented, evidence of their persistence and potential flow-on effects on ecosystem structure following relaxation of extreme events remains limited. Here, we investigate changes in the functional trait structure - encompassing dimensions of resource use, thermal affinity, and body size - of herbivorous fishes in a temperate reef system that experienced an extreme marine heatwave (MHW) and subsequent return to cool conditions. We quantify how changes in the trait structure modified the nature and intensity of herbivory-related functions (macroalgae, turf, and sediment removal), and explored the potential flow-on effects on the recovery dynamics of macroalgal foundation species. The trait structure of the herbivorous fish assemblage shifted as a result of the MHW, from dominance of cool-water browsing species to increased evenness in the distribution of abundance among temperate and tropical guilds supporting novel herbivory roles (i.e. scraping, cropping, and sediment sucking). Despite the abundance of tropical herbivorous fishes and intensity of herbivory-related functions declined following a period of cooling after the MHW, the underlying trait structure displayed limited recovery. Concomitantly, algal assemblages displayed a lack of recovery of the formerly dominant foundational species, the kelp Ecklonia radiata, transitioning to an alternative state dominated by turf and Sargassum spp. Our study demonstrates a legacy effect of an extreme MHW and exemplified the value of monitoring phenotypic (trait mediated) changes in the nature of core ecosystem processes to predict and adapt to the future configurations of changing reef ecosystems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nestor E Bosch
- The UWA Oceans Institute, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Matthew McLean
- Department of Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Salvador Zarco-Perello
- The UWA Oceans Institute, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Scott Bennett
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Rick D Stuart-Smith
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Adriana Vergés
- Centre of Marine Science & Innovation, Evolution & Ecology Research Centre, School of Biological, Earth & Environmental Sciences, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, New South Wales, Australia
- Sydney Institute of Marine Science, Mosman, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Albert Pessarrodona
- The UWA Oceans Institute, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Fernando Tuya
- Grupo en Biodiversidad y Conservación, IU-ECOAQUA, Universidad de Las Palmas de G.C., Canary Islands, Spain
| | - Tim Langlois
- The UWA Oceans Institute, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Claude Spencer
- The UWA Oceans Institute, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Sahira Bell
- The UWA Oceans Institute, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Benjamin J Saunders
- School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Euan S Harvey
- School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Thomas Wernberg
- The UWA Oceans Institute, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
- Institute of Marine Research, His, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Parsons MJG, Lin TH, Mooney TA, Erbe C, Juanes F, Lammers M, Li S, Linke S, Looby A, Nedelec SL, Van Opzeeland I, Radford C, Rice AN, Sayigh L, Stanley J, Urban E, Di Iorio L. Sounding the Call for a Global Library of Underwater Biological Sounds. Front Ecol Evol 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2022.810156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Aquatic environments encompass the world’s most extensive habitats, rich with sounds produced by a diversity of animals. Passive acoustic monitoring (PAM) is an increasingly accessible remote sensing technology that uses hydrophones to listen to the underwater world and represents an unprecedented, non-invasive method to monitor underwater environments. This information can assist in the delineation of biologically important areas via detection of sound-producing species or characterization of ecosystem type and condition, inferred from the acoustic properties of the local soundscape. At a time when worldwide biodiversity is in significant decline and underwater soundscapes are being altered as a result of anthropogenic impacts, there is a need to document, quantify, and understand biotic sound sources–potentially before they disappear. A significant step toward these goals is the development of a web-based, open-access platform that provides: (1) a reference library of known and unknown biological sound sources (by integrating and expanding existing libraries around the world); (2) a data repository portal for annotated and unannotated audio recordings of single sources and of soundscapes; (3) a training platform for artificial intelligence algorithms for signal detection and classification; and (4) a citizen science-based application for public users. Although individually, these resources are often met on regional and taxa-specific scales, many are not sustained and, collectively, an enduring global database with an integrated platform has not been realized. We discuss the benefits such a program can provide, previous calls for global data-sharing and reference libraries, and the challenges that need to be overcome to bring together bio- and ecoacousticians, bioinformaticians, propagation experts, web engineers, and signal processing specialists (e.g., artificial intelligence) with the necessary support and funding to build a sustainable and scalable platform that could address the needs of all contributors and stakeholders into the future.
Collapse
|
31
|
Bhuiyan MKA, Rodríguez BM, Billah MM, Pires A, Freitas R, Conradi M. Effects of ocean acidification on the biochemistry, physiology and parental transfer of Ampelisca brevicornis (Costa, 1853). ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 293:118549. [PMID: 34813884 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.118549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Ocean acidification (OA) has received more attention in the marine research community in recent years than any other topic. Excess carbon dioxide makes the ocean more acidic, threatening marine ecosystems. There has been little research on the impact of OA on crustaceans, particularly on their physiological and potential ecosystem-level consequences. Thus, we investigated the impacts of OA on the physiological and biochemical characteristics of the estuarine amphipod Ampelisca brevicornis. Ovigerous amphipods were harvested from nature and maintained in the laboratory to produce juveniles, which were then further reared to obtain the mature adults (F0) and successive offspring (F1). For this study, four pH treatments (pH 8.1, 7.5, 7.0, and 6.5) mimicking future OA were evaluated to understand the physiological and biochemical effects on the organisms. The findings of this study suggest that A. brevicornis is more vulnerable to OA than was previously established in short-term trials. The survival was significantly reduced as pH decreased over time and a significant interaction between pH and time was observed. Survival was higher in F1 than in F0 juveniles and vice versa in terms of growth. Animal's physiological responses such as growth, burrowing behavior, locomotor activity, swimming speed, ventilation rate and reproductive performance were negatively influenced by acidification. These physiological characteristics can be linked to the oxidative stress induced by global change conditions because excess of free radicals degrade cell functioning, affecting species' biochemical and physiological performance. These alterations may have long-term negative impacts, with ecological consequences. The results of this study provide baseline information regarding the effect of OA on this keystone crustacean that may be useful in simulating the impacts of OA to develop different conceptual models for a better understanding of the consequences and implications of climate change in the future for managing marine ecosystems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Md Khurshid Alam Bhuiyan
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Marine and Environmental Sciences, University of Cádiz, Polígono Río San Pedro s/n, 11510, Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain.
| | - Belén Marín Rodríguez
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Biology, University of Sevilla, Av. Reina Mercedes s/n, 41012 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Md Masum Billah
- Inter-Departmental Research Centre for Environmental Science-CIRSA, University of Bologna, Ravenna Campus, Italy
| | - Adilia Pires
- Department of Biology & Center for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Rosa Freitas
- Department of Biology & Center for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Mercedes Conradi
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Biology, University of Sevilla, Av. Reina Mercedes s/n, 41012 Sevilla, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Spatio-temporal distribution and reproductive phenology of Neotropical bat species in an altitudinal gradient in Costa Rica. Mamm Biol 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s42991-021-00213-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
33
|
Melbourne-Thomas J, Audzijonyte A, Brasier MJ, Cresswell KA, Fogarty HE, Haward M, Hobday AJ, Hunt HL, Ling SD, McCormack PC, Mustonen T, Mustonen K, Nye JA, Oellermann M, Trebilco R, van Putten I, Villanueva C, Watson RA, Pecl GT. Poleward bound: adapting to climate-driven species redistribution. REVIEWS IN FISH BIOLOGY AND FISHERIES 2022; 32:231-251. [PMID: 33814734 PMCID: PMC8006506 DOI: 10.1007/s11160-021-09641-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED One of the most pronounced effects of climate change on the world's oceans is the (generally) poleward movement of species and fishery stocks in response to increasing water temperatures. In some regions, such redistributions are already causing dramatic shifts in marine socioecological systems, profoundly altering ecosystem structure and function, challenging domestic and international fisheries, and impacting on human communities. Such effects are expected to become increasingly widespread as waters continue to warm and species ranges continue to shift. Actions taken over the coming decade (2021-2030) can help us adapt to species redistributions and minimise negative impacts on ecosystems and human communities, achieving a more sustainable future in the face of ecosystem change. We describe key drivers related to climate-driven species redistributions that are likely to have a high impact and influence on whether a sustainable future is achievable by 2030. We posit two different futures-a 'business as usual' future and a technically achievable and more sustainable future, aligned with the Sustainable Development Goals. We then identify concrete actions that provide a pathway towards the more sustainable 2030 and that acknowledge and include Indigenous perspectives. Achieving this sustainable future will depend on improved monitoring and detection, and on adaptive, cooperative management to proactively respond to the challenge of species redistribution. We synthesise examples of such actions as the basis of a strategic approach to tackle this global-scale challenge for the benefit of humanity and ecosystems. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11160-021-09641-3.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jess Melbourne-Thomas
- CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, Hobart, TAS Australia
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Asta Audzijonyte
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Tasmania, Australia
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
| | - Madeleine J. Brasier
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
| | - Katherine A. Cresswell
- CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, Hobart, TAS Australia
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
| | - Hannah E. Fogarty
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Tasmania, Australia
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
| | - Marcus Haward
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Tasmania, Australia
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
| | - Alistair J. Hobday
- CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, Hobart, TAS Australia
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Heather L. Hunt
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of New Brunswick, Saint John, NB Canada
| | - Scott D. Ling
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
| | - Phillipa C. McCormack
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Tasmania, Australia
- Faculty of Law, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
| | | | | | - Janet A. Nye
- Institute of Marine Sciences, University of North Carolina At Chapel Hill, Morehead City, NY USA
| | - Michael Oellermann
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
- Aquatic Systems Biology Unit, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Rowan Trebilco
- CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, Hobart, TAS Australia
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Ingrid van Putten
- CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, Hobart, TAS Australia
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Cecilia Villanueva
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Tasmania, Australia
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
| | - Reg A. Watson
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
| | - Gretta T. Pecl
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Tasmania, Australia
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Melbourne-Thomas J, Audzijonyte A, Brasier MJ, Cresswell KA, Fogarty HE, Haward M, Hobday AJ, Hunt HL, Ling SD, McCormack PC, Mustonen T, Mustonen K, Nye JA, Oellermann M, Trebilco R, van Putten I, Villanueva C, Watson RA, Pecl GT. Poleward bound: adapting to climate-driven species redistribution. REVIEWS IN FISH BIOLOGY AND FISHERIES 2022. [PMID: 33814734 DOI: 10.22541/au.160435617.76868505/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED One of the most pronounced effects of climate change on the world's oceans is the (generally) poleward movement of species and fishery stocks in response to increasing water temperatures. In some regions, such redistributions are already causing dramatic shifts in marine socioecological systems, profoundly altering ecosystem structure and function, challenging domestic and international fisheries, and impacting on human communities. Such effects are expected to become increasingly widespread as waters continue to warm and species ranges continue to shift. Actions taken over the coming decade (2021-2030) can help us adapt to species redistributions and minimise negative impacts on ecosystems and human communities, achieving a more sustainable future in the face of ecosystem change. We describe key drivers related to climate-driven species redistributions that are likely to have a high impact and influence on whether a sustainable future is achievable by 2030. We posit two different futures-a 'business as usual' future and a technically achievable and more sustainable future, aligned with the Sustainable Development Goals. We then identify concrete actions that provide a pathway towards the more sustainable 2030 and that acknowledge and include Indigenous perspectives. Achieving this sustainable future will depend on improved monitoring and detection, and on adaptive, cooperative management to proactively respond to the challenge of species redistribution. We synthesise examples of such actions as the basis of a strategic approach to tackle this global-scale challenge for the benefit of humanity and ecosystems. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11160-021-09641-3.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jess Melbourne-Thomas
- CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, Hobart, TAS Australia
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Asta Audzijonyte
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Tasmania, Australia
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
| | - Madeleine J Brasier
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
| | - Katherine A Cresswell
- CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, Hobart, TAS Australia
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
| | - Hannah E Fogarty
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Tasmania, Australia
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
| | - Marcus Haward
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Tasmania, Australia
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
| | - Alistair J Hobday
- CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, Hobart, TAS Australia
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Heather L Hunt
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of New Brunswick, Saint John, NB Canada
| | - Scott D Ling
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
| | - Phillipa C McCormack
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Tasmania, Australia
- Faculty of Law, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
| | | | | | - Janet A Nye
- Institute of Marine Sciences, University of North Carolina At Chapel Hill, Morehead City, NY USA
| | - Michael Oellermann
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
- Aquatic Systems Biology Unit, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Rowan Trebilco
- CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, Hobart, TAS Australia
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Ingrid van Putten
- CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, Hobart, TAS Australia
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Cecilia Villanueva
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Tasmania, Australia
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
| | - Reg A Watson
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
| | - Gretta T Pecl
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Tasmania, Australia
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Prata JC, Ribeiro AI, Rocha-Santos T. An introduction to the concept of One Health. One Health 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-822794-7.00004-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
|
36
|
Reisinger RR, Corney S, Raymond B, Lombard AT, Bester MN, Crawford RJM, Davies D, Bruyn PJN, Dilley BJ, Kirkman SP, Makhado AB, Ryan PG, Schoombie S, Stevens KL, Tosh CA, Wege M, Whitehead TO, Sumner MD, Wotherspoon S, Friedlaender AS, Cotté C, Hindell MA, Ropert‐Coudert Y, Pistorius PA. Habitat model forecasts suggest potential redistribution of marine predators in the southern Indian Ocean. DIVERS DISTRIB 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/ddi.13447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ryan R. Reisinger
- School of Ocean and Earth Science University of SouthamptonNational Oceanography Centre Southampton Southampton UK
- Institute for Marine Sciences University of California Santa Cruz Santa Cruz California USA
- Centre d’Etudes Biologiques de Chizé UMR 7372 du CNRS‐La Rochelle Université Villiers‐en‐Bois France
- Sorbonne UniversitésUPMC University, UMR 7159 CNRS‐IRD‐MNHN, LOCEAN‐IPSL Paris France
- Department of Zoology and Institute for Coastal and Marine Research DST/NRF Centre of Excellence at the FitzPatrick Institute of African Ornithology Nelson Mandela University Gqeberha South Africa
| | - Stuart Corney
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies University of Tasmania Hobart Tasmania Australia
| | - Ben Raymond
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies University of Tasmania Hobart Tasmania Australia
- Australian Antarctic DivisionDepartment of Agriculture, Water and the Environment Kingston Tasmania Australia
| | - Amanda T. Lombard
- Institute for Coastal and Marine ResearchNelson Mandela University Gqeberha South Africa
| | - Marthán N. Bester
- Department of Zoology and Entomology Mammal Research Institute University of Pretoria Hatfield South Africa
| | | | - Delia Davies
- FitzPatrick Institute of African Ornithology DST‐NRF Centre of Excellence University of Cape Town Rondebosch South Africa
| | - P. J. Nico Bruyn
- Department of Zoology and Entomology Mammal Research Institute University of Pretoria Hatfield South Africa
| | - Ben J. Dilley
- FitzPatrick Institute of African Ornithology DST‐NRF Centre of Excellence University of Cape Town Rondebosch South Africa
| | - Stephen P. Kirkman
- Institute for Coastal and Marine ResearchNelson Mandela University Gqeberha South Africa
- Department of Forestry, Fisheries and the Environment Cape Town South Africa
| | - Azwianewi B. Makhado
- Department of Forestry, Fisheries and the Environment Cape Town South Africa
- FitzPatrick Institute of African Ornithology DST‐NRF Centre of Excellence University of Cape Town Rondebosch South Africa
| | - Peter G. Ryan
- FitzPatrick Institute of African Ornithology DST‐NRF Centre of Excellence University of Cape Town Rondebosch South Africa
| | - Stefan Schoombie
- FitzPatrick Institute of African Ornithology DST‐NRF Centre of Excellence University of Cape Town Rondebosch South Africa
| | - Kim L. Stevens
- FitzPatrick Institute of African Ornithology DST‐NRF Centre of Excellence University of Cape Town Rondebosch South Africa
| | - Cheryl A. Tosh
- Research Office Faculty of Health Sciences University of Pretoria Pretoria South Africa
| | - Mia Wege
- Department of Zoology and Entomology Mammal Research Institute University of Pretoria Hatfield South Africa
| | - T. Otto Whitehead
- FitzPatrick Institute of African Ornithology DST‐NRF Centre of Excellence University of Cape Town Rondebosch South Africa
| | - Michael D. Sumner
- Australian Antarctic DivisionDepartment of Agriculture, Water and the Environment Kingston Tasmania Australia
| | - Simon Wotherspoon
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies University of Tasmania Hobart Tasmania Australia
- Australian Antarctic DivisionDepartment of Agriculture, Water and the Environment Kingston Tasmania Australia
| | - Ari S. Friedlaender
- Institute for Marine Sciences University of California Santa Cruz Santa Cruz California USA
| | - Cedric Cotté
- Sorbonne UniversitésUPMC University, UMR 7159 CNRS‐IRD‐MNHN, LOCEAN‐IPSL Paris France
| | - Mark A. Hindell
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies University of Tasmania Hobart Tasmania Australia
| | - Yan Ropert‐Coudert
- Centre d’Etudes Biologiques de Chizé UMR 7372 du CNRS‐La Rochelle Université Villiers‐en‐Bois France
| | - Pierre A. Pistorius
- Department of Zoology and Institute for Coastal and Marine Research DST/NRF Centre of Excellence at the FitzPatrick Institute of African Ornithology Nelson Mandela University Gqeberha South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Crausbay SD, Sofaer HR, Cravens AE, Chaffin BC, Clifford KR, Gross JE, Knapp CN, Lawrence DJ, Magness DR, Miller-Rushing AJ, Schuurman GW, Stevens-Rumann CS. A Science Agenda to Inform Natural Resource Management Decisions in an Era of Ecological Transformation. Bioscience 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/biosci/biab102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Earth is experiencing widespread ecological transformation in terrestrial, freshwater, and marine ecosystems that is attributable to directional environmental changes, especially intensifying climate change. To better steward ecosystems facing unprecedented and lasting change, a new management paradigm is forming, supported by a decision-oriented framework that presents three distinct management choices: resist, accept, or direct the ecological trajectory. To make these choices strategically, managers seek to understand the nature of the transformation that could occur if change is accepted while identifying opportunities to intervene to resist or direct change. In this article, we seek to inspire a research agenda for transformation science that is focused on ecological and social science and based on five central questions that align with the resist–accept–direct (RAD) framework. Development of transformation science is needed to apply the RAD framework and support natural resource management and conservation on our rapidly changing planet.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shelley D Crausbay
- Conservation Science Partners, Fort Collins, Colorado, and is a consortium partner for the US Geological Survey's North Central Climate Adaptation Science Center, Boulder, Colorado, United States
| | - Helen R Sofaer
- US Geological Survey Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center, Hawaii Volcanoes National Park, Hawai'i, United States
| | - Amanda E Cravens
- US Geological Survey's Social and Economic Analysis Branch, Fort Collins, Colorado, United States
| | | | - Katherine R Clifford
- US Geological Survey's Social and Economic Analysis Branch, Fort Collins, Colorado, United States
| | - John E Gross
- US National Park Service Climate Change Response Program, Fort Collins, Colorado, United States
| | | | - David J Lawrence
- US National Park Service Climate Change Response Program, Fort Collins, Colorado, United States
| | - Dawn R Magness
- US Fish and Wildlife Service, Kenai National Wildlife Refuge, Soldotna, Alaska, United States
| | | | - Gregor W Schuurman
- US National Park Service Climate Change Response Program, in Fort Collins, Colorado, United States
| | - Camille S Stevens-Rumann
- Forest and Rangeland Stewardship Department and assistant director of the Colorado Forest Restoration Institute, at Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, United States
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Wenda C, Xing S, Nakamura A, Bonebrake TC. Morphological and behavioural differences facilitate tropical butterfly persistence in variable environments. J Anim Ecol 2021; 90:2888-2900. [PMID: 34529271 DOI: 10.1111/1365-2656.13589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The thermal biology of ectotherms largely determines their abundance and distributions. In general, tropical species inhabiting warm and stable thermal environments tend to have low tolerance to cold and variable environments, which may restrict their expansion into temperate climates. However, the distribution of some tropical species does extend into cooler areas such as tropical borders and high elevation tropical mountains. Behavioural and morphological differences may therefore play important roles in facilitating tropical species to cope with cold and variable climates at tropical edges. We used field-validated biophysical models to estimate body temperatures of butterflies across elevational gradients at three sites in southern China and assessed the contribution of behavioural and morphological differences in facilitating their persistence in tropical and temperate climates. We investigated the effects of temperature on the activity of 4,844 individuals of 144 butterfly species along thermal gradients and tested whether species of different climatic affinities-tropical and widespread (distributed in both temperate and tropical regions)-differed in their thermoregulatory strategies (i.e. basking). In addition, we tested whether thermally related morphology or the strength of solar radiation (when butterflies were recorded) was related to such differences. We found that activities of tropical species were restricted (low abundance) at low air temperatures compared to widespread species. Active tropical species were also more likely to bask at cooler body temperatures than widespread species. Heat gain from behavioural thermoregulation was higher for tropical species (when accounting for species abundance), and heat gain correlated with larger thorax widths but not with measured solar radiation. Our results indicate that physiological intolerance to cold temperatures in tropical species may be compensated through behavioural and morphological responses in thermoregulation in variable subtropical environments. Increasing climatic variability with climate change may render tropical species more vulnerable to cold weather extremes compared to widespread species that are more physiologically suited to variable environments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Wenda
- Division for Ecology & Biodiversity, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong S.A.R, China
| | - Shuang Xing
- Division for Ecology & Biodiversity, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong S.A.R, China.,Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Entomology, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Akihiro Nakamura
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla, China
| | - Timothy C Bonebrake
- Division for Ecology & Biodiversity, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong S.A.R, China
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Global and national trends, gaps, and opportunities in documenting and monitoring species distributions. PLoS Biol 2021; 19:e3001336. [PMID: 34383738 PMCID: PMC8360587 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3001336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Conserving and managing biodiversity in the face of ongoing global change requires sufficient evidence to assess status and trends of species distributions. Here, we propose novel indicators of biodiversity data coverage and sampling effectiveness and analyze national trajectories in closing spatiotemporal knowledge gaps for terrestrial vertebrates (1950 to 2019). Despite a rapid rise in data coverage, particularly in the last 2 decades, strong geographic and taxonomic biases persist. For some taxa and regions, a tremendous growth in records failed to directly translate into newfound knowledge due to a sharp decline in sampling effectiveness. However, we found that a nation’s coverage was stronger for species for which it holds greater stewardship. As countries under the post-2020 Global Biodiversity Framework renew their commitments to an improved, rigorous biodiversity knowledge base, our findings highlight opportunities for international collaboration to close critical information gaps. Conserving and managing biodiversity in the face of ongoing global change requires sufficient evidence to assess status and trends of species distributions. This study analyzes national trajectories in closing spatiotemporal knowledge gaps for terrestrial vertebrates (1950-2019) based on novel indicators of data coverage and sampling effectiveness.
Collapse
|
40
|
Nielsen ES, Henriques R, Beger M, von der Heyden S. Distinct interspecific and intraspecific vulnerability of coastal species to global change. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2021; 27:3415-3431. [PMID: 33904200 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.15651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Characterising and predicting species responses to anthropogenic global change is one of the key challenges in contemporary ecology and conservation. The sensitivity of marine species to climate change is increasingly being described with forecasted species distributions, yet these rarely account for population level processes such as genomic variation and local adaptation. This study compares inter- and intraspecific patterns of biological composition to determine how vulnerability to climate change, and its environmental drivers, vary across species and populations. We compare species trajectories for three ecologically important southern African marine invertebrates at two time points in the future, both at the species level, with correlative species distribution models, and at the population level, with gradient forest models. Reported range shifts are species-specific and include both predicted range gains and losses. Forecasted species responses to climate change are strongly influenced by changes in a suite of environmental variables, from sea surface salinity and sea surface temperature, to minimum air temperature. Our results further suggest a mismatch between future habitat suitability (where species can remain in their ecological niche) and genomic vulnerability (where populations retain their genomic composition), highlighting the inter- and intraspecific variability in species' sensitivity to global change. Overall, this study demonstrates the importance of considering species and population level climatic vulnerability when proactively managing coastal marine ecosystems in the Anthropocene.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Erica S Nielsen
- Evolutionary Genomics Group, Department of Botany and Zoology, University of Stellenbosch, Matieland, South Africa
| | - Romina Henriques
- Evolutionary Genomics Group, Department of Botany and Zoology, University of Stellenbosch, Matieland, South Africa
- Section for Marine Living Resources, Technical University of Denmark, National Institute of Aquatic Resources, Silkeborg, Denmark
| | - Maria Beger
- School of Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Sophie von der Heyden
- Evolutionary Genomics Group, Department of Botany and Zoology, University of Stellenbosch, Matieland, South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Collin R, Rebolledo AP, Smith E, Chan KYK. Thermal tolerance of early development predicts the realized thermal niche in marine ectotherms. Funct Ecol 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.13850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Collin
- Smithsonian Tropical Research InstituteApartado Postal Balboa Ancon Panama
| | - Adriana P. Rebolledo
- Smithsonian Tropical Research InstituteApartado Postal Balboa Ancon Panama
- School of Biological Sciences Monash University Melbourne Vic Australia
| | - Emily Smith
- Smithsonian Tropical Research InstituteApartado Postal Balboa Ancon Panama
| | - Kit Yu Karen Chan
- Biology Department Swarthmore College Swarthmore PA USA
- Division of Life Science The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Hong Kong
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Gervais CR, Champion C, Pecl GT. Species on the move around the Australian coastline: A continental-scale review of climate-driven species redistribution in marine systems. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2021; 27:3200-3217. [PMID: 33835618 PMCID: PMC8251616 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.15634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Climate-driven changes in the distribution of species are a pervasive and accelerating impact of climate change, and despite increasing research effort in this rapidly emerging field, much remains unknown or poorly understood. We lack a holistic understanding of patterns and processes at local, regional and global scales, with detailed explorations of range shifts in the southern hemisphere particularly under-represented. Australian waters encompass the world's third largest marine jurisdiction, extending from tropical to sub-Antarctic climate zones, and have waters warming at rates twice the global average in the north and two to four times in the south. Here, we report the results of a multi-taxon continent-wide review describing observed and predicted species redistribution around the Australian coastline, and highlight critical gaps in knowledge impeding our understanding of, and response to, these considerable changes. Since range shifts were first reported in the region in 2003, 198 species from nine Phyla have been documented shifting their distribution, 87.3% of which are shifting poleward. However, there is little standardization of methods or metrics reported in observed or predicted shifts, and both are hindered by a lack of baseline data. Our results demonstrate the importance of historical data sets and underwater visual surveys, and also highlight that approximately one-fifth of studies incorporated citizen science. These findings emphasize the important role the public has had, and can continue to play, in understanding the impact of climate change. Most documented shifts are of coastal fish species in sub-tropical and temperate systems, while tropical systems in general were poorly explored. Moreover, most distributional changes are only described at the poleward boundary, with few studies considering changes at the warmer, equatorward range limit. Through identifying knowledge gaps and research limitations, this review highlights future opportunities for strategic research effort to improve the representation of Australian marine species and systems in climate-impact research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Connor R. Gervais
- Department of Biological SciencesMacquarie UniversitySydneyNSWAustralia
| | - Curtis Champion
- Fisheries ResearchNSW Department of Primary IndustriesCoffs HarbourNSWAustralia
- Southern Cross UniversityNational Marine Science CentreCoffs HarbourNSWAustralia
| | - Gretta T. Pecl
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic StudiesUniversity of TasmaniaHobartTasAustralia
- Centre for Marine SocioecologyUniversity of TasmaniaHobartTasAustralia
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Tobias ZJC, Fowler AE, Blakeslee AMH, Darling JA, Torchin ME, Miller AW, Ruiz GM, Tepolt CK. Invasion history shapes host transcriptomic response to a body-snatching parasite. Mol Ecol 2021; 30:4321-4337. [PMID: 34162013 PMCID: PMC10128110 DOI: 10.1111/mec.16038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
By shuffling biogeographical distributions, biological invasions can both disrupt long-standing associations between hosts and parasites and establish new ones. This creates natural experiments with which to study the ecology and evolution of host-parasite interactions. In estuaries of the Gulf of Mexico, the white-fingered mud crab (Rhithropanopeus harrisii) is infected by a native parasitic barnacle, Loxothylacus panopaei (Rhizocephala), which manipulates host physiology and behaviour. In the 1960s, L. panopaei was introduced to the Chesapeake Bay and has since expanded along the southeastern Atlantic coast, while host populations in the northeast have so far been spared. We use this system to test the host's transcriptomic response to parasitic infection and investigate how this response varies with the parasite's invasion history, comparing populations representing (i) long-term sympatry between host and parasite, (ii) new associations where the parasite has invaded during the last 60 years and (iii) naïve hosts without prior exposure. A comparison of parasitized and control crabs revealed a core response, with widespread downregulation of transcripts involved in immunity and moulting. The transcriptional response differed between hosts from the parasite's native range and where it is absent, consistent with previous observations of increased susceptibility in populations lacking exposure to the parasite. Crabs from the parasite's introduced range, where prevalence is highest, displayed the most dissimilar response, possibly reflecting immune priming. These results provide molecular evidence for parasitic manipulation of host phenotype and the role of gene regulation in mediating host-parasite interactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zachary J C Tobias
- MIT-WHOI Joint Program in Oceanography/Applied Ocean Science and Engineering, Cambridge and Woods Hole, MA, USA.,Department of Biology, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA, USA.,Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Amy E Fowler
- Department of Environmental Science and Policy, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, USA
| | | | - John A Darling
- National Exposure Research Laboratory, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Mark E Torchin
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Balboa, Ancon, Republic of Panama
| | | | - Gregory M Ruiz
- Smithsonian Environmental Research Center, Edgewater, MD, USA
| | - Carolyn K Tepolt
- Department of Biology, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA, USA.,Smithsonian Environmental Research Center, Edgewater, MD, USA
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Barbour MA, Gibert JP. Genetic and plastic rewiring of food webs under climate change. J Anim Ecol 2021; 90:1814-1830. [PMID: 34028791 PMCID: PMC8453762 DOI: 10.1111/1365-2656.13541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Climate change is altering ecological and evolutionary processes across biological scales. These simultaneous effects of climate change pose a major challenge for predicting the future state of populations, communities and ecosystems. This challenge is further exacerbated by the current lack of integration of research focused on these different scales. We propose that integrating the fields of quantitative genetics and food web ecology will reveal new insights on how climate change may reorganize biodiversity across levels of organization. This is because quantitative genetics links the genotypes of individuals to population‐level phenotypic variation due to genetic (G), environmental (E) and gene‐by‐environment (G × E) factors. Food web ecology, on the other hand, links population‐level phenotypes to the structure and dynamics of communities and ecosystems. We synthesize data and theory across these fields and find evidence that genetic (G) and plastic (E and G × E) phenotypic variation within populations will change in magnitude under new climates in predictable ways. We then show how changes in these sources of phenotypic variation can rewire food webs by altering the number and strength of species interactions, with consequences for ecosystem resilience. We also find evidence suggesting there are predictable asymmetries in genetic and plastic trait variation across trophic levels, which set the pace for phenotypic change and food web responses to climate change. Advances in genomics now make it possible to partition G, E and G × E phenotypic variation in natural populations, allowing tests of the hypotheses we propose. By synthesizing advances in quantitative genetics and food web ecology, we provide testable predictions for how the structure and dynamics of biodiversity will respond to climate change.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew A Barbour
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jean P Gibert
- Department of Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Hill P, Wapstra E, Ezaz T, Burridge CP. Pleistocene divergence in the absence of gene flow among populations of a viviparous reptile with intraspecific variation in sex determination. Ecol Evol 2021; 11:5575-5583. [PMID: 34026030 PMCID: PMC8131762 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.7458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 02/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Polymorphisms can lead to genetic isolation if there is differential mating success among conspecifics divergent for a trait. Polymorphism for sex-determining system may fall into this category, given strong selection for the production of viable males and females and the low success of heterogametic hybrids when sex chromosomes differ (Haldane's rule). Here we investigated whether populations exhibiting polymorphism for sex determination are genetically isolated, using the viviparous snow skink Carinascincus ocellatus. While a comparatively high elevation population has genotypic sex determination, in a lower elevation population there is an additional temperature component to sex determination. Based on 11,107 SNP markers, these populations appear genetically isolated. "Isolation with Migration" analysis also suggests these populations diverged in the absence of gene flow, across a period encompassing multiple Pleistocene glaciations and likely greater geographic proximity of populations. However, further experiments are required to establish whether genetic isolation may be a cause or consequence of differences in sex determination. Given the influence of temperature on sex in one lineage, we also discuss the implications for the persistence of this polymorphism under climate change.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peta Hill
- Discipline of Biological SciencesUniversity of TasmaniaSandy BayTas.Australia
| | - Erik Wapstra
- Discipline of Biological SciencesUniversity of TasmaniaSandy BayTas.Australia
| | - Tariq Ezaz
- Institute for Applied EcologyUniversity of CanberraBruceACTAustralia
| | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Gissi E, Manea E, Mazaris AD, Fraschetti S, Almpanidou V, Bevilacqua S, Coll M, Guarnieri G, Lloret-Lloret E, Pascual M, Petza D, Rilov G, Schonwald M, Stelzenmüller V, Katsanevakis S. A review of the combined effects of climate change and other local human stressors on the marine environment. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 755:142564. [PMID: 33035971 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Climate change (CC) is a key, global driver of change of marine ecosystems. At local and regional scales, other local human stressors (LS) can interact with CC and modify its effects on marine ecosystems. Understanding the response of the marine environment to the combined effects of CC and LS is crucial to inform marine ecosystem-based management and planning, yet our knowledge of the potential effects of such interactions is fragmented. At a global scale, we explored how cumulative effect assessments (CEAs) have addressed CC in the marine realm and discuss progress and shortcomings of current approaches. For this we conducted a systematic review on how CEAs investigated at different levels of biological organization ecological responses, functional aspects, and the combined effect of CC and HS. Globally, the effects of 52 LS and of 27 CC-related stressors on the marine environment have been studied in combination, such as industrial fisheries with change in temperature, or sea level rise with artisanal fisheries, marine litter, change in sediment load and introduced alien species. CC generally intensified the effects of LS at species level. At trophic groups and ecosystem levels, the effects of CC either intensified or mitigated the effects of other HS depending on the trophic groups or the environmental conditions involved, thus suggesting that the combined effects of CC and LS are context-dependent and vary among and within ecosystems. Our results highlight that large-scale assessments on the spatial interaction and combined effects of CC and LS remain limited. More importantly, our results strengthen the urgent need of CEAs to capture local-scale effects of stressors that can exacerbate climate-induced changes. Ultimately, this will allow identifying management measures that aid counteracting CC effects at relevant scales.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Gissi
- IUAV University of Venice, Tolentini 191, Santa Croce, 30135 Venice, Italy.
| | - Elisabetta Manea
- IUAV University of Venice, Tolentini 191, Santa Croce, 30135 Venice, Italy
| | - Antonios D Mazaris
- Department of Ecology, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Simonetta Fraschetti
- Università Federico II di Napoli, Napoli, Italy; Consorzio Universitario per le Scienze del Mare, P.le Flaminio 9, 00196 Rome, Italy; Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Napoli, Italy
| | - Vasiliki Almpanidou
- Department of Ecology, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Stanislao Bevilacqua
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy; Consorzio Universitario per le Scienze del Mare, P.le Flaminio 9, 00196 Rome, Italy
| | - Marta Coll
- Institute of Marine Science, ICM-CSIC, Passeig Marítim de la Barceloneta, no 37-49, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; Ecopath International Initiative, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Giuseppe Guarnieri
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Salento, Lecce, Italy; Consorzio Universitario per le Scienze del Mare, P.le Flaminio 9, 00196 Rome, Italy
| | - Elena Lloret-Lloret
- Institute of Marine Science, ICM-CSIC, Passeig Marítim de la Barceloneta, no 37-49, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; Ecopath International Initiative, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Pascual
- Basque Centre for Climate Change (BC3), Edificio Sede N°1 Planta 1/Parque Científico UPV-EHU, Barrio Sarriena, s/n, 48940 Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Dimitra Petza
- Department of Marine Sciences, University of the Aegean, University Hill, 81100 Mytilene, Greece; Directorate for Fisheries Policy & Fishery Resources Utilisation, Directorate General for Fisheries, Ministry of Rural Development & Food, 150 Syggrou Avenue, 17671 Athens, Greece
| | - Gil Rilov
- Israel Oceanographic and Limnological Research, National Institute of Oceanography, P.O. Box 8030, Haifa 31080, Israel
| | - Maura Schonwald
- Israel Oceanographic and Limnological Research, National Institute of Oceanography, P.O. Box 8030, Haifa 31080, Israel
| | | | - Stelios Katsanevakis
- Department of Marine Sciences, University of the Aegean, University Hill, 81100 Mytilene, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Gaitán-Espitia JD, Hobday AJ. Evolutionary principles and genetic considerations for guiding conservation interventions under climate change. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2021; 27:475-488. [PMID: 32979891 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.15359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Impacts of climate change are apparent in natural systems around the world. Many species are and will continue to struggle to persist in their current location as their preferred environment changes. Traditional conservation efforts aiming to prevent local extinctions have focused on two aspects that theoretically enhance genetic diversity-population connectivity and population size-through 'passive interventions' (such as protected areas and connectivity corridors). However, the exceptionally rapid loss of biodiversity that we are experiencing as result of anthropogenic climate change has shifted conservation approaches to more 'active interventions' (such as rewilding, assisted gene flow, assisted evolution, artificial selection, genetic engineering). We integrate genetic/genomic approaches into an evolutionary biology framework in order to discuss with scientists, conservation managers and decision makers about the opportunities and risks of interventions that need careful consideration in order to avoid unwanted evolutionary outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juan D Gaitán-Espitia
- CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, Hobart, Tas., Australia
- The Swire Institute of Marine Science and School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Klinges DH, Scheffers BR. Microgeography, Not Just Latitude, Drives Climate Overlap on Mountains from Tropical to Polar Ecosystems. Am Nat 2021; 197:75-92. [PMID: 33417520 DOI: 10.1086/711873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
AbstractAn extension of the climate variability hypothesis is that relatively stable climate, such as that of the tropics, induces distinct thermal bands across elevation that render dispersal over tropical mountains difficult compared with temperate mountains. Yet ecosystems are not thermally static in space-time, especially at small scales, which might render some mountains greater thermal isolators than others. Here we provide an extensive investigation of temperature drivers from fine to coarse scales, and we demonstrate that the degree of similarity in temperatures at high and low elevations on mountains is driven by more than just absolute mountain height and latitude. We compiled a database of 29 mountains spanning six continents to characterize thermal overlap by vertically stratified microhabitats and biomes and owing to seasonal changes in foliage, demonstrating via mixed effects modeling that micro- and mesogeography more strongly influence thermal overlap than macrogeography. Impressively, an increase of 1 m of vertical microhabitat height generates an increase in overlap equivalent to a 5.26° change in latitude. In addition, forested mountains have reduced thermal overlap-149% lower-relative to nonforested mountains. We provide evidence in support of a climate hypothesis that emphasizes microgeography as a determinant of dispersal, demographics, and behavior, thereby refining the classical theory of macroclimate variability as a prominent driver of biogeography.
Collapse
|
49
|
Kraus D, Murphy S, Armitage D. Ten bridges on the road to recovering Canada’s endangered species. Facets (Ott) 2021. [DOI: 10.1139/facets-2020-0084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Wildlife is declining around the world. Many developed nations have enacted legislation on endangered species protection and provide funding for wildlife recovery. Protecting endangered species is also supported by the public and judiciary. Yet, despite what appear as enabling conditions, wild species continue to decline. Our paper explores pathways to endangered species recovery by analyzing the barriers that have been identified in Canada, the United States, and Australia. We summarize these findings based on Canada’s Species at Risk Conservation Cycle (assessment, protection, recovery planning, implementation, and monitoring and evaluation) and then identify 10 “bridges” that could help overcome these barriers and bend our current trajectory of wildlife loss to recovery. These bridges include ecosystem approaches to recovery, building capacity for community co-governance, linking wildlife recovery to ecosystem services, and improving our storytelling about the loss and recovery of wildlife. The focus of our conclusions is the Canadian setting, but our findings can be applied in other national and subnational settings to reverse the decline of wildlife and halt extinction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Kraus
- Faculty of Environment, School of Environment, Resources and Sustainability, University of Waterloo, Environment 2, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
- Nature Conservancy of Canada, 245 Eglinton Avenue East, Suite 410, Toronto, ON M4P 3J1, Canada
| | - Stephen Murphy
- Faculty of Environment, School of Environment, Resources and Sustainability, University of Waterloo, Environment 2, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Derek Armitage
- Faculty of Environment, School of Environment, Resources and Sustainability, University of Waterloo, Environment 2, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Wineland SM, Fovargue R, Gill KC, Rezapour S, Neeson TM. Conservation planning in an uncertain climate: Identifying projects that remain valuable and feasible across future scenarios. PEOPLE AND NATURE 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/pan3.10169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sean M. Wineland
- Department of Geography and Environmental Sustainability University of Oklahoma Norman OK USA
| | - Rachel Fovargue
- Department of Geography and Environmental Sustainability University of Oklahoma Norman OK USA
| | - Ken C. Gill
- Department of Geography and Environmental Sustainability University of Oklahoma Norman OK USA
| | - Shabnam Rezapour
- Enterprise and Logistics Engineering Florida International University Miami FL USA
| | - Thomas M. Neeson
- Department of Geography and Environmental Sustainability University of Oklahoma Norman OK USA
| |
Collapse
|