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Alorda-Kleinglass A, Rodellas V, Diego-Feliu M, Marbà N, Morell C, Garcia-Orellana J. The connection between Submarine Groundwater Discharge and seawater quality: The threat of treated wastewater injected into coastal aquifers. Sci Total Environ 2024; 922:170940. [PMID: 38360304 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Submarine Groundwater Discharge (SGD) delivers nutrients to the coastal sea triggering phytoplankton blooms, eutrophication, and can also serve as a pathway for contaminants. Wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) including injection wells in coastal areas influence coastal aquifers and might impact the composition and magnitude of SGD fluxes. In tourist areas, wastewater treatment may be less efficient and larger in volume during high seasons, potentially impacting nutrient fluxes from SGD and exacerbating environmental impacts. This study analyzes the nutrient transfer from treated wastewater injection in karstic aquifers to the coastal sea via SGD, considering the impacts of tourism seasonality. This study is conducted in Cala Deià, a small cove in the Balearic Islands, a Mediterranean tourist destination. The findings suggest that the seasonality of tourism, leading to variations in the volume of wastewater treated in the WWTP, influences the dynamics of the coastal aquifer. This leads to increased SGD water and nutrient fluxes to the sea in summer, i.e. the peak tourist season. The measured DIN, DIP, and DSi inventories in the cove are much larger in August than in April (3, 10, and 1.5 times higher, respectively) due to higher input of nutrients in summer due to SGD impacted by the WWTP. These elevated nutrient flows can support algal blooms in the cove, compromising water quality for local swimmers and tourists. Indeed, in August, shoreline stations exhibited eutrophic Chl-a concentrations, with peaks reaching approximately 4 mg Chl-a L-1. These elevated levels suggest the presence of an algal bloom during the survey. The anthropogenic origin of SGD-driven nutrients is traced in seawater and seagrass meadows, as evidenced by high ∂15N signatures indicative of polluted areas. Thus, the high pressure exerted on coastal areas by tourism activities increased the magnitude of SGD nutrient fluxes, thereby threatening coastal ecosystems and the services they provide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron Alorda-Kleinglass
- Institut de Ciència i Tecnologia Ambientals (ICTA), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Catalonia, Spain; Departament de Física, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Catalonia, Spain.
| | - Valentí Rodellas
- Departament de Física, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Catalonia, Spain.
| | - Marc Diego-Feliu
- Institut de Ciència i Tecnologia Ambientals (ICTA), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Núria Marbà
- Global Change Research Group, Institut Mediterrani d'Estudis Avançats, IMEDEA (CSIC-UIB), 07190 Esporles, Mallorca, Spain
| | - Carlos Morell
- Global Change Research Group, Institut Mediterrani d'Estudis Avançats, IMEDEA (CSIC-UIB), 07190 Esporles, Mallorca, Spain
| | - Jordi Garcia-Orellana
- Institut de Ciència i Tecnologia Ambientals (ICTA), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Catalonia, Spain; Departament de Física, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Catalonia, Spain
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2
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Wesselmann M, Hendriks IE, Johnson M, Jordà G, Mineur F, Marbà N. Increasing spread rates of tropical non-native macrophytes in the Mediterranean Sea. Glob Chang Biol 2024; 30:e17249. [PMID: 38572713 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.17249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Warming as well as species introductions have increased over the past centuries, however a link between cause and effect of these two phenomena is still unclear. Here we use distribution records (1813-2023) to reconstruct the invasion histories of marine non-native macrophytes, macroalgae and seagrasses, in the Mediterranean Sea. We defined expansion as the maximum linear rate of spread (km year-1) and the accumulation of occupied grid cells (50 km2) over time and analyzed the relation between expansion rates and the species' thermal conditions at its native distribution range. Our database revealed a marked increase in the introductions and spread rates of non-native macrophytes in the Mediterranean Sea since the 1960s, notably intensifying after the 1990s. During the beginning of this century species velocity of invasion has increased to 26 ± 9 km2 year-1, with an acceleration in the velocity of invasion of tropical/subtropical species, exceeding those of temperate and cosmopolitan macrophytes. The highest spread rates since then were observed in macrophytes coming from native regions with minimum SSTs two to three degrees warmer than in the Mediterranean Sea. In addition, most non-native macrophytes in the Mediterranean (>80%) do not exceed the maximum temperature of their range of origin, whereas approximately half of the species are exposed to lower minimum SST in the Mediterranean than in their native range. This indicates that tropical/subtropical macrophytes might be able to expand as they are not limited by the colder Mediterranean SST due to the plasticity of their lower thermal limit. These results suggest that future warming will increase the thermal habitat available for thermophilic species in the Mediterranean Sea and continue to favor their expansion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marlene Wesselmann
- Global Change Research Group, IMEDEA (CSIC-UIB), Institut Mediterrani d'Estudis Avançats, Esporles, Spain
| | - Iris E Hendriks
- Global Change Research Group, IMEDEA (CSIC-UIB), Institut Mediterrani d'Estudis Avançats, Esporles, Spain
| | - Mark Johnson
- School of Natural Sciences and Ryan Institute, University of Galway, Ireland
| | - Gabriel Jordà
- Instituto Espanol de Oceanografía, Centre Oceanografic de Balears, Palma, Spain
| | - Frederic Mineur
- School of Natural Sciences and Ryan Institute, University of Galway, Ireland
| | - Núria Marbà
- Global Change Research Group, IMEDEA (CSIC-UIB), Institut Mediterrani d'Estudis Avançats, Esporles, Spain
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Marco-Méndez C, Marbà N, Amores Á, Romero J, Minguito-Frutos M, García M, Pagès JF, Prado P, Boada J, Sánchez-Lizaso JL, Ruiz JM, Muñoz-Ramos G, Sanmartí N, Mayol E, Buñuel X, Bernardeau-Esteller J, Navarro-Martinez PC, Marín-Guirao L, Morell C, Wesselmann M, Font R, Hendriks IE, Seglar X, Camps-Castella J, Bonfill E, Requena-Gutiérrez A, Blanco-Murillo F, Aguilar-Escribano J, Jimenez-Gutierrez S, Martínez-Vidal J, Guillén JE, Cefalì ME, Pérez M, Marcos M, Alcoverro T. Evaluating the extent and impact of the extreme Storm Gloria on Posidonia oceanica seagrass meadows. Sci Total Environ 2024; 908:168404. [PMID: 37939948 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Extreme storms can trigger abrupt and often lasting changes in ecosystems by affecting foundational (habitat-forming) species. While the frequency and intensity of extreme events are projected to increase under climate change, its impacts on seagrass ecosystems remain poorly documented. In January 2020, the Spanish Mediterranean coast was hit by Storm Gloria, one of the most devastating recent climate events in terms of intensity and duration. We conducted rapid surveys of 42 Posidonia oceanica meadows across the region to evaluate the extent and type of impact (burial, unburial and uprooting). We investigated the significance of oceanographic (wave impact model), geomorphological (latitude, depth, exposure), and structural (patchiness) factors in predicting impact extent and intensity. The predominant impact of Storm Gloria was shoot unburial. More than half of the surveyed sites revealed recent unburial, with up to 40 cm of sediment removed, affecting over 50 % of the meadow. Burial, although less extensive, was still significant, with 10-80 % of meadow cover being buried under 7 cm of sediment, which is considered a survival threshold for P. oceanica. In addition, we observed evident signs of recently dead matte in some meadows and large amounts of detached drifting shoots on the sea bottom or accumulated as debris on the beaches. Crucially, exposed and patchy meadows were much more vulnerable to the overall impact than sheltered or continuous meadows. Given how slow P. oceanica is able to recover after disturbances, we state that it could take from decades to centuries for it to recoup its losses. Seagrass ecosystems play a vital role as coastal ecological infrastructure. Protecting vulnerable meadows from anthropogenic fragmentation is crucial for ensuring the resilience of these ecosystems in the face of the climate crisis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Candela Marco-Méndez
- Center for Advanced Studies of Blanes (CEAB, CSIC), Carrer Accés Cala Sant Francesc, 14, 17300 Blanes, Girona, Spain.
| | - Núria Marbà
- Marine technologies, operational and coastal oceanography Group, IMEDEA (CSIC-UIB) Institut Mediterrani d'Estudis Avançats, Miquel Marqués 21, 07190 Esporles, Spain
| | - Ángel Amores
- Marine technologies, operational and coastal oceanography Group, IMEDEA (CSIC-UIB) Institut Mediterrani d'Estudis Avançats, Miquel Marqués 21, 07190 Esporles, Spain; Department of Physics, University of the Balearic Islands, Cra. de Valldemossa km 7.5, 07122 Palma, Spain
| | - Javier Romero
- Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals Secció d'Ecologia, Av. Diagonal, 643, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mario Minguito-Frutos
- Center for Advanced Studies of Blanes (CEAB, CSIC), Carrer Accés Cala Sant Francesc, 14, 17300 Blanes, Girona, Spain
| | - María García
- Center for Advanced Studies of Blanes (CEAB, CSIC), Carrer Accés Cala Sant Francesc, 14, 17300 Blanes, Girona, Spain
| | - Jordi F Pagès
- Center for Advanced Studies of Blanes (CEAB, CSIC), Carrer Accés Cala Sant Francesc, 14, 17300 Blanes, Girona, Spain
| | - Patricia Prado
- IRTA, Aquatic ecosystems, Sant Carles de la Ràpita, Ctra. Poble Nou km 5.5, 43540 Sant Carles de la Ràpita, Tarragona, Spain; Institute of Environment and Marine Science Research (IMEDMAR-UCV), Universidad Católica de Valencia SVM, C/Explanada del Puerto S/n, 03710 Calpe, Alicante, Spain
| | - Jordi Boada
- Center for Advanced Studies of Blanes (CEAB, CSIC), Carrer Accés Cala Sant Francesc, 14, 17300 Blanes, Girona, Spain
| | - José Luis Sánchez-Lizaso
- Department of Marine Science and Applied Biology, University of Alicante, Carretera San Vicente del Raspeig s/n, 03690 Alicante, Spain
| | - Juan Manuel Ruiz
- Centro Oceanográfico de Murcia, Instituto Español de Oceanografía, C/Varadero s/n, 30740 San Pedro del Pinatar, Murcia, Spain
| | | | - Neus Sanmartí
- Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals Secció d'Ecologia, Av. Diagonal, 643, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elvira Mayol
- Global Change Research Group, IMEDEA (CSIC-UIB) Institut Mediterrani d'Estudis Avançats, Miquel Marqués 21, c7190 Esporles, Spain
| | - Xavier Buñuel
- Center for Advanced Studies of Blanes (CEAB, CSIC), Carrer Accés Cala Sant Francesc, 14, 17300 Blanes, Girona, Spain
| | - Jaime Bernardeau-Esteller
- Centro Oceanográfico de Murcia, Instituto Español de Oceanografía, C/Varadero s/n, 30740 San Pedro del Pinatar, Murcia, Spain
| | - Pedro Clemente Navarro-Martinez
- Centro Oceanográfico de Murcia, Instituto Español de Oceanografía, C/Varadero s/n, 30740 San Pedro del Pinatar, Murcia, Spain
| | - Lázaro Marín-Guirao
- Centro Oceanográfico de Murcia, Instituto Español de Oceanografía, C/Varadero s/n, 30740 San Pedro del Pinatar, Murcia, Spain
| | - Carlos Morell
- Global Change Research Group, IMEDEA (CSIC-UIB) Institut Mediterrani d'Estudis Avançats, Miquel Marqués 21, c7190 Esporles, Spain
| | - Marlene Wesselmann
- Global Change Research Group, IMEDEA (CSIC-UIB) Institut Mediterrani d'Estudis Avançats, Miquel Marqués 21, c7190 Esporles, Spain
| | - Rita Font
- Global Change Research Group, IMEDEA (CSIC-UIB) Institut Mediterrani d'Estudis Avançats, Miquel Marqués 21, c7190 Esporles, Spain
| | - Iris E Hendriks
- Global Change Research Group, IMEDEA (CSIC-UIB) Institut Mediterrani d'Estudis Avançats, Miquel Marqués 21, c7190 Esporles, Spain
| | | | - Judith Camps-Castella
- IRTA, Aquatic ecosystems, Sant Carles de la Ràpita, Ctra. Poble Nou km 5.5, 43540 Sant Carles de la Ràpita, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Eli Bonfill
- Plàncton, Divulgació y Serveis Marins, Calle Número Vint-i-tres, 284, local 2 (Urb. Les 3 Cales), L'Ametlla de Mar, Spain
| | - Aurora Requena-Gutiérrez
- Plàncton, Divulgació y Serveis Marins, Calle Número Vint-i-tres, 284, local 2 (Urb. Les 3 Cales), L'Ametlla de Mar, Spain
| | - Fabio Blanco-Murillo
- Department of Marine Science and Applied Biology, University of Alicante, Carretera San Vicente del Raspeig s/n, 03690 Alicante, Spain
| | - Javier Aguilar-Escribano
- Department of Marine Science and Applied Biology, University of Alicante, Carretera San Vicente del Raspeig s/n, 03690 Alicante, Spain
| | | | - Joaquín Martínez-Vidal
- Institut de Ecología Litoral, Carrer de Sta. Teresa, 50, 03560 El Campello, Alicante, Spain
| | - Juan Eduardo Guillén
- Institut de Ecología Litoral, Carrer de Sta. Teresa, 50, 03560 El Campello, Alicante, Spain
| | - Maria Elena Cefalì
- Estació d'Investigació Jaume Ferrer, Instituto Español de Oceanografía (IEO), Mahón, Spain
| | - Marta Pérez
- Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals Secció d'Ecologia, Av. Diagonal, 643, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Marcos
- Marine technologies, operational and coastal oceanography Group, IMEDEA (CSIC-UIB) Institut Mediterrani d'Estudis Avançats, Miquel Marqués 21, 07190 Esporles, Spain; Department of Physics, University of the Balearic Islands, Cra. de Valldemossa km 7.5, 07122 Palma, Spain
| | - Teresa Alcoverro
- Center for Advanced Studies of Blanes (CEAB, CSIC), Carrer Accés Cala Sant Francesc, 14, 17300 Blanes, Girona, Spain
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Martinetto P, Alberti J, Becherucci ME, Cebrian J, Iribarne O, Marbà N, Montemayor D, Sparks E, Ward R. The blue carbon of southern southwest Atlantic salt marshes and their biotic and abiotic drivers. Nat Commun 2023; 14:8500. [PMID: 38135682 PMCID: PMC10746709 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-44196-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Coastal vegetated ecosystems are acknowledged for their capacity to sequester organic carbon (OC), known as blue C. Yet, blue C global accounting is incomplete, with major gaps in southern hemisphere data. It also shows a large variability suggesting that the interaction between environmental and biological drivers is important at the local scale. In southwest Atlantic salt marshes, to account for the space occupied by crab burrows, it is key to avoid overestimates. Here we found that southern southwest Atlantic salt marshes store on average 42.43 (SE = 27.56) Mg OC·ha-1 (40.74 (SE = 2.7) in belowground) and bury in average 47.62 g OC·m-2·yr-1 (ranging from 7.38 to 204.21). Accretion rates, granulometry, plant species and burrowing crabs were identified as the main factors in determining belowground OC stocks. These data lead to an updated global estimation for stocks in salt marshes of 185.89 Mg OC·ha-1 (n = 743; SE = 4.92) and a C burial rate of 199.61 g OC·m-2·yr-1 (n = 193; SE = 16.04), which are lower than previous estimates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Martinetto
- Laboratorio de Ecología, Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras (IIMyC, UNMdP-CONICET), Juan B Justo 2550, Mar del Plata, (7600), Argentina.
| | - Juan Alberti
- Laboratorio de Ecología, Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras (IIMyC, UNMdP-CONICET), Juan B Justo 2550, Mar del Plata, (7600), Argentina
| | - María Eugenia Becherucci
- Laboratorio de Ecología, Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras (IIMyC, UNMdP-CONICET), Juan B Justo 2550, Mar del Plata, (7600), Argentina
| | - Just Cebrian
- Northern Gulf Institute, Mississippi State University, NOAA NCEI, 1021 Balch Blvd, Stennis Space Center, MS, 39529, USA
- "Vesta, PBC", 584 Castro St, #2054, San Francisco, CA, 94114-2512, USA
| | - Oscar Iribarne
- Laboratorio de Ecología, Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras (IIMyC, UNMdP-CONICET), Juan B Justo 2550, Mar del Plata, (7600), Argentina
| | - Núria Marbà
- Global Change Research Group, IMEDEA (CSIC-UIB), Institut Mediterrani d'Estudis Avançats, Miquel Marquès 21, 07190, Esporles, Illes Balears, Spain
| | - Diana Montemayor
- Laboratorio de Ecología, Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras (IIMyC, UNMdP-CONICET), Juan B Justo 2550, Mar del Plata, (7600), Argentina
| | - Eric Sparks
- Coastal Research and Extension Center, Mississippi State University, 1815 Popp's Ferry Rd., Biloxi, MS, 39532, USA
- Mississippi-Alabama Sea Grant Consortium, 703 East Beach Drive, Ocean Springs, MS, 39564, USA
| | - Raymond Ward
- School of Geography, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Rd, Bethnal Green, London, E1 4NS, United Kingdom
- Institute of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, Estonia University of Life Sciences, Kreutzwaldi 5, EE-51014, Tartu, Estonia
- Colégio de Estudos Avançados, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Campus do Pici, CEP 60455-760, Fortaleza, CE, Brasil
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Santana-Garcon J, Bennett S, Marbà N, Vergés A, Arthur R, Alcoverro T. Tropicalization shifts herbivore pressure from seagrass to rocky reef communities. Proc Biol Sci 2023; 290:20221744. [PMID: 36629100 PMCID: PMC9832549 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2022.1744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Climate-driven species redistributions are reshuffling the composition of marine ecosystems. How these changes alter ecosystem functions, however, remains poorly understood. Here we examine how impacts of herbivory change across a gradient of tropicalization in the Mediterranean Sea, which includes a steep climatic gradient and marked changes in plant nutritional quality and fish herbivore composition. We quantified individual feeding rates and behaviour of 755 fishes of the native Sarpa salpa, and non-native Siganus rivulatus and Siganus luridus. We measured herbivore and benthic assemblage composition across 20 sites along the gradient, spanning 30° of longitude and 8° of latitude. We coupled patterns in behaviour and composition with temperature measurements and nutrient concentrations to assess changes in herbivory under tropicalization. We found a transition in ecological impacts by fish herbivory across the Mediterranean from a predominance of seagrass herbivory in the west to a dominance of macroalgal herbivory in the east. Underlying this shift were changes in both individual feeding behaviour (i.e. food choice) and fish assemblage composition. The shift in feeding selectivity was consistent among temperate and warm-affiliated herbivores. Our findings suggest herbivory can contribute to the increased vulnerability of seaweed communities and reduced vulnerability of seagrass meadows in tropicalized ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Santana-Garcon
- Global Change Research Group, Institut Mediterrani d'Estudis Avançats (IMEDEA), CSIC-UIB, Esporles, Spain,Flourishing Oceans Initiative, The Minderoo Foundation, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Scott Bennett
- Global Change Research Group, Institut Mediterrani d'Estudis Avançats (IMEDEA), CSIC-UIB, Esporles, Spain,Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia
| | - Núria Marbà
- Global Change Research Group, Institut Mediterrani d'Estudis Avançats (IMEDEA), CSIC-UIB, Esporles, Spain
| | - Adriana Vergés
- Evolution & Ecology Research Centre, Centre for Marine Science and Innovation, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Rohan Arthur
- Nature Conservation Foundation, 3076/5, 4th Cross, Gokulam Park, Mysore, Karnataka 570 002, India,Centre d'Estudis Avançats de Blanes (CEAB-CSIC), Accés a la cala Sant Francesc 14, 17300 Blanes, Spain
| | - Teresa Alcoverro
- Nature Conservation Foundation, 3076/5, 4th Cross, Gokulam Park, Mysore, Karnataka 570 002, India,Centre d'Estudis Avançats de Blanes (CEAB-CSIC), Accés a la cala Sant Francesc 14, 17300 Blanes, Spain
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Llabrés E, Mayol E, Marbà N, Sintes T. A mathematical model for inter‐specific interactions in seagrasses. OIKOS 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/oik.09296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eva Llabrés
- Inst. for Cross‐Disciplinary Physics and Complex Systems, IFISC (CSIC‐UIB), Univ. de les Illes Balears Palma de Mallorca Spain
| | - Elvira Mayol
- Dept of Global Change Research, Mediterranean Inst. for Advanced Studies, IMEDEA (CSIC‐UIB) Esporles (Mallorca) Spain
| | - Núria Marbà
- Dept of Global Change Research, Mediterranean Inst. for Advanced Studies, IMEDEA (CSIC‐UIB) Esporles (Mallorca) Spain
| | - Tomàs Sintes
- Inst. for Cross‐Disciplinary Physics and Complex Systems, IFISC (CSIC‐UIB), Univ. de les Illes Balears Palma de Mallorca Spain
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Bennett S, Alcoverro T, Kletou D, Antoniou C, Boada J, Buñuel X, Cucala L, Jorda G, Kleitou P, Roca G, Santana‐Garcon J, Savva I, Vergés A, Marbà N. Resilience of seagrass populations to thermal stress does not reflect regional differences in ocean climate. New Phytol 2022; 233:1657-1666. [PMID: 34843111 PMCID: PMC9299911 DOI: 10.1111/nph.17885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The prevalence of local adaptation and phenotypic plasticity among populations is critical to accurately predicting when and where climate change impacts will occur. Currently, comparisons of thermal performance between populations are untested for most marine species or overlooked by models predicting the thermal sensitivity of species to extirpation. Here we compared the ecological response and recovery of seagrass populations (Posidonia oceanica) to thermal stress throughout a year-long translocation experiment across a 2800-km gradient in ocean climate. Transplants in central and warm-edge locations experienced temperatures > 29°C, representing thermal anomalies > 5°C above long-term maxima for cool-edge populations, 1.5°C for central and < 1°C for warm-edge populations. Cool-edge, central and warm-edge populations differed in thermal performance when grown under common conditions, but patterns contrasted with expectations based on thermal geography. Cool-edge populations did not differ from warm-edge populations under common conditions and performed significantly better than central populations in growth and survival. Our findings reveal that thermal performance does not necessarily reflect the thermal geography of a species. We demonstrate that warm-edge populations can be less sensitive to thermal stress than cooler, central populations suggesting that Mediterranean seagrasses have greater resilience to warming than current paradigms suggest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott Bennett
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic StudiesUniversity of TasmaniaHobartTas.7001Australia
- Global Change Research GroupInstitut Mediterrani d’Estudis Avançats (CSIC‐UIB)Miquel Marquès 21Esporles07190Spain
| | - Teresa Alcoverro
- Centre d’Estudis Avançats de Blanes (CEAB‐CSIC)Carrer Accés a la Cala Sant FrancescBlanes17300Spain
| | - Demetris Kletou
- Marine & Environmental Research (MER) Laboratory Ltd202 Amathountos Avenue, Marina Gardens, Block BLimassol4533Cyprus
| | - Charalampos Antoniou
- Marine & Environmental Research (MER) Laboratory Ltd202 Amathountos Avenue, Marina Gardens, Block BLimassol4533Cyprus
| | - Jordi Boada
- Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències AmbientalsFacultat de BiologiaUniversitat de BarcelonaAv. Diagonal, 643Barcelona08028Spain
- Institut d’Ecologia AquàticaFacultat de CiènciesUniversitat de GironaGirona17003Spain
| | - Xavier Buñuel
- Centre d’Estudis Avançats de Blanes (CEAB‐CSIC)Carrer Accés a la Cala Sant FrancescBlanes17300Spain
| | - Lidia Cucala
- Global Change Research GroupInstitut Mediterrani d’Estudis Avançats (CSIC‐UIB)Miquel Marquès 21Esporles07190Spain
| | - Gabriel Jorda
- Instituto Español de OceanografíaCentre Oceanogràfic de BalearsMoll de Ponent s/nPalma07015Spain
| | - Periklis Kleitou
- Marine & Environmental Research (MER) Laboratory Ltd202 Amathountos Avenue, Marina Gardens, Block BLimassol4533Cyprus
- School of Biological and Marine SciencesUniversity of PlymouthPlymouthPL4 8AAUK
| | - Guillem Roca
- Global Change Research GroupInstitut Mediterrani d’Estudis Avançats (CSIC‐UIB)Miquel Marquès 21Esporles07190Spain
| | - Julia Santana‐Garcon
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic StudiesUniversity of TasmaniaHobartTas.7001Australia
- Global Change Research GroupInstitut Mediterrani d’Estudis Avançats (CSIC‐UIB)Miquel Marquès 21Esporles07190Spain
| | - Ioannis Savva
- Marine & Environmental Research (MER) Laboratory Ltd202 Amathountos Avenue, Marina Gardens, Block BLimassol4533Cyprus
| | - Adriana Vergés
- Evolution & Ecology Research CentreCentre for Marine Science and InnovationSchool of Biological, Earth and Environmental SciencesUniversity of New South WalesSydneyNSW2033Australia
| | - Núria Marbà
- Global Change Research GroupInstitut Mediterrani d’Estudis Avançats (CSIC‐UIB)Miquel Marquès 21Esporles07190Spain
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8
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Wesselmann M, Geraldi NR, Duarte CM, Garcia-Orellana J, Díaz-Rúa R, Arias-Ortiz A, Hendriks IE, Apostolaki ET, Marbà N. Seagrass (Halophila stipulacea) invasion enhances carbon sequestration in the Mediterranean Sea. Glob Chang Biol 2021; 27:2592-2607. [PMID: 33843114 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.15589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The introduction and establishment of exotic species often result in significant changes in recipient communities and their associated ecosystem services. However, usually the magnitude and direction of the changes are difficult to quantify because there is no pre-introduction data. Specifically, little is known about the effect of marine exotic macrophytes on organic carbon sequestration and storage. Here, we combine dating sediment cores (210 Pb) with sediment eDNA fingerprinting to reconstruct the chronology of pre- and post-arrival of the Red Sea seagrass Halophila stipulacea spreading into the Eastern Mediterranean native seagrass meadows. We then compare sediment organic carbon storage and burial rates before and after the arrival of H. stipulacea and between exotic (H. stipulacea) and native (C. nodosa and P. oceanica) meadows since the time of arrival following a Before-After-Control-Impact (BACI) approach. This analysis revealed that H. stipulacea arrived at the areas of study in Limassol (Cyprus) and West Crete (Greece) in the 1930s and 1970s, respectively. Average sediment organic carbon after the arrival of H. stipulacea to the sites increased in the exotic meadows twofold, from 8.4 ± 2.5 g Corg m-2 year-1 to 14.7 ± 3.6 g Corg m-2 year-1 , and, since then, burial rates in the exotic seagrass meadows were higher than in native ones of Cymodocea nodosa and Posidonia oceanica. Carbon isotopic data indicated a 50% increase of the seagrass contribution to the total sediment Corg pool since the arrival of H. stipulacea. Our results demonstrate that the invasion of H. stipulacea may play an important role in maintaining the blue carbon sink capacity in the future warmer Mediterranean Sea, by developing new carbon sinks in bare sediments and colonizing areas previously occupied by the colder thermal affinity P. oceanica.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marlene Wesselmann
- Global Change Research Group, IMEDEA (CSIC-UIB), Institut Mediterrani d'Estudis Avançats, Esporles, Spain
| | - Nathan R Geraldi
- Red Sea Research Centre (RSRC) and Computational Bioscience Research Center (CBRC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Carlos M Duarte
- Red Sea Research Centre (RSRC) and Computational Bioscience Research Center (CBRC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jordi Garcia-Orellana
- Institut de Ciència i Tecnologia Ambientals (ICTA), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
- Departament de Física, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Rubén Díaz-Rúa
- Red Sea Research Centre (RSRC) and Computational Bioscience Research Center (CBRC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ariane Arias-Ortiz
- Ecosystem Science Division, Department of Environmental Science, Policy and Management, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Institute of Marine Science, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Iris E Hendriks
- Global Change Research Group, IMEDEA (CSIC-UIB), Institut Mediterrani d'Estudis Avançats, Esporles, Spain
| | - Eugenia T Apostolaki
- Institute of Oceanography, Hellenic Centre for Marine Research, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Núria Marbà
- Global Change Research Group, IMEDEA (CSIC-UIB), Institut Mediterrani d'Estudis Avançats, Esporles, Spain
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9
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Wesselmann M, Anton A, Duarte CM, Hendriks IE, Agustí S, Savva I, Apostolaki ET, Marbà N. Tropical seagrass Halophila stipulacea shifts thermal tolerance during Mediterranean invasion. Proc Biol Sci 2020; 287:20193001. [PMID: 32156215 PMCID: PMC7126082 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2019.3001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Exotic species often face new environmental conditions that are different from those that they are adapted to. The tropical seagrass Halophila stipulacea is a Lessepsian migrant that colonized the Mediterranean Sea around 100 years ago, where at present the minimum seawater temperature is cooler than in its native range in the Red Sea. Here, we tested if the temperature range in which H. stipulacea can exist is conserved within the species or if the exotic populations have shifted their thermal breadth and optimum due to the cooler conditions in the Mediterranean. We did so by comparing the thermal niche (e.g. optimal temperatures, and upper and lower thermal limits) of native (Saudi Arabia in the Red Sea) and exotic (Greece and Cyprus in the Mediterranean Sea) populations of H. stipulacea. We exposed plants to 12 temperature treatments ranging from 8 to 40°C for 7 days. At the end of the incubation period, we measured survival, rhizome elongation, shoot recruitment, net population growth and metabolic rates. Upper and lower lethal thermal thresholds (indicated by 50% plant mortality) were conserved across populations, but minimum and optimal temperatures for growth and oxygen production were lower for Mediterranean populations than for the Red Sea one. The displacement of the thermal niche of exotic populations towards the colder Mediterranean Sea regime could have occurred within 175 clonal generations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marlene Wesselmann
- Global Change Research Group, IMEDEA (CSIC-UIB), Institut Mediterrani d'Estudis Avançats, Miquel Marquès 21, 07190, Esporles, Illes Balears, Spain
| | - Andrea Anton
- Red Sea Research Centre (RSRC) and Computational Bioscience Research Center (CBRC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Carlos M. Duarte
- Red Sea Research Centre (RSRC) and Computational Bioscience Research Center (CBRC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Iris E. Hendriks
- Global Change Research Group, IMEDEA (CSIC-UIB), Institut Mediterrani d'Estudis Avançats, Miquel Marquès 21, 07190, Esporles, Illes Balears, Spain
| | - Susana Agustí
- Red Sea Research Centre (RSRC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ioannis Savva
- Marine and Environmental Research (MER) Lab, Limassol 4533, Cyprus
| | - Eugenia T. Apostolaki
- Institute of Oceanography, Hellenic Centre for Marine Research, PO Box 2214, 71003 Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Núria Marbà
- Global Change Research Group, IMEDEA (CSIC-UIB), Institut Mediterrani d'Estudis Avançats, Miquel Marquès 21, 07190, Esporles, Illes Balears, Spain
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10
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Ruiz-Frau A, Krause T, Marbà N. In the blind-spot of governance - Stakeholder perceptions on seagrasses to guide the management of an important ecosystem services provider. Sci Total Environ 2019; 688:1081-1091. [PMID: 31726539 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.06.324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Revised: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 06/21/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Seagrass ecosystems have been identified as important marine ecosystem service (ES) providers, they contribute to coastal protection, fisheries provision and mitigate climate change among others. Yet, they are declining globally at alarming rates. While the ecological dimensions of this social-ecological system have been well studied, its associated social aspects remain largely unexplored. Here, we show how the analysis of stakeholders' perceptions on seagrass ES, their drivers of change, links to wellbeing and governance structures can provide a path towards a more sustainable management. Stakeholders identified seagrass regulatory ES as crucial for the maintenance of social and economic wellbeing and the potential causes and consequences associated to seagrass decline. Power imbalances, an over-compartmentalized legislation and a generalized lack of awareness were highlighted as key aspects to redress in order to achieve a more just governance system. Stakeholders' empirical evidence on the importance of particular ES and on negative drivers of change can also provide an understanding of areas where financial investment would gather wider public support and therefore be more successfully implemented. We showed how the different dimensions highlighted through stakeholders' perspectives can contribute to the consecution of a more inclusive sustainable management, a crucial aspect in the maintenance of seagrass ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Ruiz-Frau
- Global Change Research Group, IMEDEA (CSIC-UIB), Institut Mediterrani d'Estudis Avançats, Miguel Marques 21, 07190 Esporles, Illes Balears, Spain.
| | - Torsten Krause
- Lund University Centre for Sustainability Studies (LUCSUS), Lund University, P.O. Box 170, 221-00 Lund, Sweden
| | - Núria Marbà
- Global Change Research Group, IMEDEA (CSIC-UIB), Institut Mediterrani d'Estudis Avançats, Miguel Marques 21, 07190 Esporles, Illes Balears, Spain
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11
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Serrano O, Lovelock CE, B Atwood T, Macreadie PI, Canto R, Phinn S, Arias-Ortiz A, Bai L, Baldock J, Bedulli C, Carnell P, Connolly RM, Donaldson P, Esteban A, Ewers Lewis CJ, Eyre BD, Hayes MA, Horwitz P, Hutley LB, Kavazos CRJ, Kelleway JJ, Kendrick GA, Kilminster K, Lafratta A, Lee S, Lavery PS, Maher DT, Marbà N, Masque P, Mateo MA, Mount R, Ralph PJ, Roelfsema C, Rozaimi M, Ruhon R, Salinas C, Samper-Villarreal J, Sanderman J, J Sanders C, Santos I, Sharples C, Steven ADL, Cannard T, Trevathan-Tackett SM, Duarte CM. Australian vegetated coastal ecosystems as global hotspots for climate change mitigation. Nat Commun 2019; 10:4313. [PMID: 31575872 PMCID: PMC6773740 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-12176-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Policies aiming to preserve vegetated coastal ecosystems (VCE; tidal marshes, mangroves and seagrasses) to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions require national assessments of blue carbon resources. Here, we present organic carbon (C) storage in VCE across Australian climate regions and estimate potential annual CO2 emission benefits of VCE conservation and restoration. Australia contributes 5–11% of the C stored in VCE globally (70–185 Tg C in aboveground biomass, and 1,055–1,540 Tg C in the upper 1 m of soils). Potential CO2 emissions from current VCE losses are estimated at 2.1–3.1 Tg CO2-e yr-1, increasing annual CO2 emissions from land use change in Australia by 12–21%. This assessment, the most comprehensive for any nation to-date, demonstrates the potential of conservation and restoration of VCE to underpin national policy development for reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Policies aiming to preserve vegetated coastal ecosystems (VCE) to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions require national assessments of blue carbon resources. Here the authors assessed organic carbon storage in VCE across Australian and the potential annual CO2 emission benefits of VCE conservation and find that Australia contributes substantially the carbon stored in VCE globally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oscar Serrano
- School of Science and Centre for Marine Ecosystems Research, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, 6027, Australia.
| | - Catherine E Lovelock
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia.,The Global Change Institute, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Trisha B Atwood
- The Global Change Institute, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia.,Department of Watershed Sciences and Ecology Center, Utah State University, Logan, UT, 84322, USA
| | - Peter I Macreadie
- Centre for Integrative Ecology, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Burwood Campus, Geelong, VIC, 3125, Australia
| | - Robert Canto
- The Global Change Institute, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia.,Remote Sensing Research Centre/Joint Remote Sensing Research Program, School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Queensland, Queensland, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Stuart Phinn
- The Global Change Institute, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia.,Remote Sensing Research Centre/Joint Remote Sensing Research Program, School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Queensland, Queensland, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Ariane Arias-Ortiz
- Institut de Ciència i Tecnologia Ambientals and Departament de Física, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Le Bai
- Research Institute for the Environment and Livelihoods, Charles Darwin University, Casuarina, NT, 0810, Australia
| | - Jeff Baldock
- CSIRO Agriculture and Food, Locked Bag 2, Glen Osmond, SA, 5064, Australia
| | - Camila Bedulli
- UWA Oceans Institute, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia.,Instituto de Biociências de Botucatu, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, 18618-970, Brazil
| | - Paul Carnell
- Centre for Integrative Ecology, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Burwood Campus, Geelong, VIC, 3125, Australia
| | - Rod M Connolly
- Australian Rivers Institute-Coast and Estuaries, School of Environment andScience, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, 4222, Australia
| | | | - Alba Esteban
- School of Science and Centre for Marine Ecosystems Research, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, 6027, Australia
| | - Carolyn J Ewers Lewis
- Centre for Integrative Ecology, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Burwood Campus, Geelong, VIC, 3125, Australia
| | - Bradley D Eyre
- Centre for Coastal Biogeochemistry, School of Environment, Science and Engineering, Southern Cross University, Lismore, NSW, 2480, Australia
| | - Matthew A Hayes
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia.,The Global Change Institute, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia.,Australian Rivers Institute-Coast and Estuaries, School of Environment andScience, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, 4222, Australia
| | - Pierre Horwitz
- School of Science and Centre for Marine Ecosystems Research, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, 6027, Australia
| | - Lindsay B Hutley
- Research Institute for the Environment and Livelihoods, Charles Darwin University, Casuarina, NT, 0810, Australia
| | - Christopher R J Kavazos
- School of Science and Centre for Marine Ecosystems Research, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, 6027, Australia.,School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Jeffrey J Kelleway
- School of Earth, Atmospheric and Life Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia
| | - Gary A Kendrick
- UWA Oceans Institute, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia.,School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Kieryn Kilminster
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia.,Department of Water and Environmental Regulation, Locked Bag 10, Joondalup DC, WA, 6027, Australia
| | - Anna Lafratta
- School of Science and Centre for Marine Ecosystems Research, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, 6027, Australia
| | - Shing Lee
- Australian Rivers Institute-Coast and Estuaries, School of Environment andScience, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, 4222, Australia.,Simon FS Li Marine Science Laboratory, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Paul S Lavery
- School of Science and Centre for Marine Ecosystems Research, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, 6027, Australia.,Centre d'Estudis Avançats de Blanes-CSIC, 17300, Blanes, Spain
| | - Damien T Maher
- Centre for Coastal Biogeochemistry, School of Environment, Science and Engineering, Southern Cross University, Lismore, NSW, 2480, Australia
| | - Núria Marbà
- Global Change Research Group, IMEDEA (CSIC-UIB), Institut Mediterrani d'Estudis Avançats, Miquel Marquès 21, 07190, Esporles, Spain
| | - Pere Masque
- School of Science and Centre for Marine Ecosystems Research, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, 6027, Australia.,Institut de Ciència i Tecnologia Ambientals and Departament de Física, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Spain.,UWA Oceans Institute, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia.,School of Physics, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Miguel A Mateo
- School of Science and Centre for Marine Ecosystems Research, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, 6027, Australia.,Centre d'Estudis Avançats de Blanes-CSIC, 17300, Blanes, Spain
| | - Richard Mount
- Discipline of Geography and Spatial Sciences, School of Technology, Environments and Design, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, 7001, Australia
| | - Peter J Ralph
- Climate Change Cluster, University of Technology Sydney, PO Box 123, Broadway, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Chris Roelfsema
- Remote Sensing Research Centre/Joint Remote Sensing Research Program, School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Queensland, Queensland, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Mohammad Rozaimi
- School of Science and Centre for Marine Ecosystems Research, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, 6027, Australia.,Centre for Earth Sciences and Environment, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Radhiyah Ruhon
- UWA Oceans Institute, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia.,Faculty of Marine Science and Fisheries, Hasanuddin University, Jl. Perintis Kemerdekaan Km.10, Tamalanrea, Makassar, 90245, Indonesia
| | - Cristian Salinas
- School of Science and Centre for Marine Ecosystems Research, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, 6027, Australia.,Marine and Coastal Research Institute "José Benito Vives De Andréis" INVEMAR, Calle 25 No. 2-55, Santa Marta, Colombia
| | - Jimena Samper-Villarreal
- The Global Change Institute, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia.,Centro de Investigación en Ciencias del Mar y Limnología (CIMAR), Ciudad de la Investigación, Universidad de Costa Rica, San Pedro, San José, 11501-2060, Costa Rica.,Marine Spatial Ecology Lab, University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Jonathan Sanderman
- CSIRO Agriculture and Food, Locked Bag 2, Glen Osmond, SA, 5064, Australia.,Woods Hole Research Center, Falmouth, MA, 02540, USA
| | - Christian J Sanders
- National Marine Science Centre, Southern Cross University, PO Box 4321, Coffs Harbour, NSW, 2450, Australia
| | - Isaac Santos
- National Marine Science Centre, Southern Cross University, PO Box 4321, Coffs Harbour, NSW, 2450, Australia
| | - Chris Sharples
- Discipline of Geography and Spatial Sciences, School of Technology, Environments and Design, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, 7001, Australia
| | - Andrew D L Steven
- CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, Queensland Biosciences Precinct, 306 Carmody Rd, St. Lucia, QLD, 4067, Australia
| | - Toni Cannard
- CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, Queensland Biosciences Precinct, 306 Carmody Rd, St. Lucia, QLD, 4067, Australia
| | - Stacey M Trevathan-Tackett
- Centre for Integrative Ecology, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Burwood Campus, Geelong, VIC, 3125, Australia
| | - Carlos M Duarte
- UWA Oceans Institute, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia.,Red Sea Research Center (RSRC) and Computational Bioscience Research Center (CBRC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
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12
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Macreadie PI, Anton A, Raven JA, Beaumont N, Connolly RM, Friess DA, Kelleway JJ, Kennedy H, Kuwae T, Lavery PS, Lovelock CE, Smale DA, Apostolaki ET, Atwood TB, Baldock J, Bianchi TS, Chmura GL, Eyre BD, Fourqurean JW, Hall-Spencer JM, Huxham M, Hendriks IE, Krause-Jensen D, Laffoley D, Luisetti T, Marbà N, Masque P, McGlathery KJ, Megonigal JP, Murdiyarso D, Russell BD, Santos R, Serrano O, Silliman BR, Watanabe K, Duarte CM. The future of Blue Carbon science. Nat Commun 2019; 10:3998. [PMID: 31488846 PMCID: PMC6728345 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-11693-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The term Blue Carbon (BC) was first coined a decade ago to describe the disproportionately large contribution of coastal vegetated ecosystems to global carbon sequestration. The role of BC in climate change mitigation and adaptation has now reached international prominence. To help prioritise future research, we assembled leading experts in the field to agree upon the top-ten pending questions in BC science. Understanding how climate change affects carbon accumulation in mature BC ecosystems and during their restoration was a high priority. Controversial questions included the role of carbonate and macroalgae in BC cycling, and the degree to which greenhouse gases are released following disturbance of BC ecosystems. Scientists seek improved precision of the extent of BC ecosystems; techniques to determine BC provenance; understanding of the factors that influence sequestration in BC ecosystems, with the corresponding value of BC; and the management actions that are effective in enhancing this value. Overall this overview provides a comprehensive road map for the coming decades on future research in BC science. The role of Blue Carbon in climate change mitigation and adaptation has now reached international prominence. Here the authors identified the top-ten unresolved questions in the field and find that most questions relate to the precise role blue carbon can play in mitigating climate change and the most effective management actions in maximising this.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter I Macreadie
- Deakin University, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Center for Integrative Ecology, Geelong, VIC, 3125, Australia.
| | - Andrea Anton
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Red Sea Research Center and Computational Bioscience Research Center, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - John A Raven
- Division of Plant Sciences, University of Dundee at the James Hutton Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee, DD2 5DQ, UK.,Climate Change Cluster, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia.,School of Biological Science, University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Nicola Beaumont
- Plymouth Marine Laboratory, Prospect Place, Plymouth, PL1 3DH, UK
| | - Rod M Connolly
- Australian Rivers Institute-Coast & Estuaries, School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, 4222, Australia
| | - Daniel A Friess
- Department of Geography, National University of Singapore, 1 Arts Link, Singapore, 117570, Singapore
| | - Jeffrey J Kelleway
- School of Earth, Atmospheric and Life Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia
| | - Hilary Kennedy
- School of Ocean Sciences, Bangor University, Menai bridge, Bangor, LL59 5AB, UK
| | - Tomohiro Kuwae
- Coastal and Estuarine Environment Research Group, Port and Airport Research Institute, 3-1-1 Nagase, Yokosuka, 239-0826, Japan
| | - Paul S Lavery
- School of Science, Centre for Marine Ecosystems Research, Edith Cowan University, 270 Joondalup Drive, Joondalup, WA, 6027, Australia
| | - Catherine E Lovelock
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Dan A Smale
- Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, Citadel Hill, Plymouth, PL1 2PB, UK
| | - Eugenia T Apostolaki
- Institute of Oceanography, Hellenic Centre for Marine Research, PO Box 2214, 71003, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Trisha B Atwood
- Department of Watershed Sciences and Ecology Center, Utah State University, Logan, UT, 84322-5210, USA
| | - Jeff Baldock
- CSIRO Agriculture and Food, Private Mail Bag, Glen Osmond, SA, 5064, Australia
| | - Thomas S Bianchi
- Department of Geological Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611-2120, USA
| | - Gail L Chmura
- Department of Geography, McGill University, 805 Sherbrooke St W, Montreal, QC, H3A 0B9, Canada
| | - Bradley D Eyre
- Centre for Coastal Biogeochemistry, School of Environment, Science and Engineering, Southern Cross University, Lismore, NSW, 2480, Australia
| | - James W Fourqurean
- School of Biological Science, University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia.,Department of Biological Sciences and Center for Coastal Oceans Research, Florida International University, 11200 SW8th St, Miami, FL, 33199, USA
| | - Jason M Hall-Spencer
- School of Biological and Marine Sciences, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK.,Shimoda Marine Research Center, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Mark Huxham
- School of Applied Sciences, Edinburgh Napier University, Edinburgh, EH11 4BN, UK
| | - Iris E Hendriks
- Global Change Research Group, IMEDEA (CSIC-UIB), Institut Mediterrani d'Estudis Avançats, Miquel Marquès 21, Esporles, 07190, Spain
| | - Dorte Krause-Jensen
- Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Vejlsøvej 25, Silkeborg, 8600, Denmark.,Arctic Research Centre, Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Ny Munkegade 114, bldg. 1540, Århus C, 8000, Denmark
| | - Dan Laffoley
- World Commission on Protected Areas, IUCN, Gland, Switzerland
| | - Tiziana Luisetti
- Centre for Environment, Fisheries, and Aquaculture Science, Lowestoft, UK
| | - Núria Marbà
- Global Change Research Group, IMEDEA (CSIC-UIB), Institut Mediterrani d'Estudis Avançats, Miquel Marquès 21, Esporles, 07190, Spain
| | - Pere Masque
- School of Science, Centre for Marine Ecosystems Research, Edith Cowan University, 270 Joondalup Drive, Joondalup, WA, 6027, Australia.,The Oceans Institute and Department of Physics, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA, Australia.,Departament de Física & Institut de Ciència i Tecnologia Ambientals, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193, Spain
| | - Karen J McGlathery
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlotttesville, VA, 22903, USA
| | - J Patrick Megonigal
- Smithsonian Environmental Research Center, 647 Contees Wharf Road, Edgewater, MD, 21037, USA
| | - Daniel Murdiyarso
- Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR), Jl. CIFOR, Situgede, Bogor, 16115, Indonesia.,Department of Geophysics and Meteorology, Bogor Agricultural University, Kampus Darmaga, Bogor, 16680, Indonesia
| | - Bayden D Russell
- Swire Institute of Marine Science, School of Biological Sciences, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Rui Santos
- Center of Marine Sciences, CCMAR, University of Algarve, Faro, 8005-139, Portugal
| | - Oscar Serrano
- School of Science, Centre for Marine Ecosystems Research, Edith Cowan University, 270 Joondalup Drive, Joondalup, WA, 6027, Australia
| | - Brian R Silliman
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, 135 Duke Marine Lab Road, Beaufort, NC, 28516, USA
| | - Kenta Watanabe
- Coastal and Estuarine Environment Research Group, Port and Airport Research Institute, 3-1-1 Nagase, Yokosuka, 239-0826, Japan
| | - Carlos M Duarte
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Red Sea Research Center and Computational Bioscience Research Center, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
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13
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Krause-Jensen D, Lavery P, Serrano O, Marbà N, Masque P, Duarte CM. Sequestration of macroalgal carbon: the elephant in the Blue Carbon room. Biol Lett 2019; 14:rsbl.2018.0236. [PMID: 29925564 PMCID: PMC6030603 DOI: 10.1098/rsbl.2018.0236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2018] [Accepted: 05/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Macroalgae form the most extensive and productive benthic marine vegetated habitats globally but their inclusion in Blue Carbon (BC) strategies remains controversial. We review the arguments offered to reject or include macroalgae in the BC framework, and identify the challenges that have precluded macroalgae from being incorporated so far. Evidence that macroalgae support significant carbon burial is compelling. The carbon they supply to sediment stocks in angiosperm BC habitats is already included in current assessments, so that macroalgae are de facto recognized as important donors of BC. The key challenges are (i) documenting macroalgal carbon sequestered beyond BC habitat, (ii) tracing it back to source habitats, and (iii) showing that management actions at the habitat lead to increased sequestration at the sink site. These challenges apply equally to carbon exported from BC coastal habitats. Because of the large carbon sink they support, incorporation of macroalgae into BC accounting and actions is an imperative. This requires a paradigm shift in accounting procedures as well as developing methods to enable the capacity to trace carbon from donor to sink habitats in the ocean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorte Krause-Jensen
- Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Vejlsøvej 25, DK-8600 Silkeborg, Denmark .,Arctic Research Centre, Aarhus University, Ny Munkegade 114, DK-8000 Århus C, Denmark
| | - Paul Lavery
- School of Science, Centre for Marine Ecosystems Research, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Oscar Serrano
- School of Science, Centre for Marine Ecosystems Research, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Núria Marbà
- Global Change Research Group, IMEDEA (CSIC-UIB), Esporles (Illes Balears), Spain
| | - Pere Masque
- School of Science, Centre for Marine Ecosystems Research, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia.,Departament de Física & Institut de Ciència i Tecnologia Ambientals, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain.,Oceans Institute & School of Physics, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | - Carlos M Duarte
- Arctic Research Centre, Aarhus University, Ny Munkegade 114, DK-8000 Århus C, Denmark.,King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Red Sea Research Center (RSRC), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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14
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de Los Santos CB, Krause-Jensen D, Alcoverro T, Marbà N, Duarte CM, van Katwijk MM, Pérez M, Romero J, Sánchez-Lizaso JL, Roca G, Jankowska E, Pérez-Lloréns JL, Fournier J, Montefalcone M, Pergent G, Ruiz JM, Cabaço S, Cook K, Wilkes RJ, Moy FE, Trayter GMR, Arañó XS, de Jong DJ, Fernández-Torquemada Y, Auby I, Vergara JJ, Santos R. Recent trend reversal for declining European seagrass meadows. Nat Commun 2019; 10:3356. [PMID: 31350407 PMCID: PMC6659699 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-11340-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Seagrass meadows, key ecosystems supporting fisheries, carbon sequestration and coastal protection, are globally threatened. In Europe, loss and recovery of seagrasses are reported, but the changes in extent and density at the continental scale remain unclear. Here we collate assessments of changes from 1869 to 2016 and show that 1/3 of European seagrass area was lost due to disease, deteriorated water quality, and coastal development, with losses peaking in the 1970s and 1980s. Since then, loss rates slowed down for most of the species and fast-growing species recovered in some locations, making the net rate of change in seagrass area experience a reversal in the 2000s, while density metrics improved or remained stable in most sites. Our results demonstrate that decline is not the generalised state among seagrasses nowadays in Europe, in contrast with global assessments, and that deceleration and reversal of declining trends is possible, expectingly bringing back the services they provide. Seagrass meadows are important but one of the most threatened ecosystems globally. Here the authors analyse data about extent and density of seagrasses in Europe from 1869 to 2016, and find evidence of recent trend reversal for declining European seagrass meadows.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen B de Los Santos
- Centre of Marine Sciences of Algarve (CCMAR), University of Algarve, Gambelas, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal.
| | - Dorte Krause-Jensen
- Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Vejlsøvej 25, 8600, Silkeborg, Denmark.,Arctic Research Centre, Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Ny Munkegade 114, Building 1540, 8000, Århus C, Denmark
| | - Teresa Alcoverro
- Centre d'Estudis Avançats de Blanes (CEAB-CSIC), Carretera Acc, Cala Sant Francesc 14, 17300, Blanes, Girona, Spain
| | - Núria Marbà
- Global Change Research Group, Institut Mediterrani d'Estudis Avançats (IMEDEA, CSIC-UIB), Miquel Marquès 21, 07190, Esporles, Illes Balears, Spain
| | - Carlos M Duarte
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Red Sea Researh Center (RSRC) and Computational Bioscience Research Center (CBRC), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Marieke M van Katwijk
- Department of Environmental Science, Institute for Water and Wetland Research, Radboud University Nijmegen, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Marta Pérez
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology, and Environmental Sciences, University of Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 643, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Javier Romero
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology, and Environmental Sciences, University of Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 643, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - José L Sánchez-Lizaso
- Department of Marine Sciences and Applied Biology, University of Alicante, PO BOX 99, 03080, Alicante, Spain
| | - Guillem Roca
- Global Change Research Group, Institut Mediterrani d'Estudis Avançats (IMEDEA, CSIC-UIB), Miquel Marquès 21, 07190, Esporles, Illes Balears, Spain
| | - Emilia Jankowska
- Institute of Oceanology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Powstańców Warszawy 55, 81-712, Sopot, Poland
| | - José Lucas Pérez-Lloréns
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Marine and Environmental Sciences, Marine Research Institute, University of Cádiz, 11510, Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain
| | - Jérôme Fournier
- Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, CNRS UMR 7204 Centre d'Ecologie et des Sciences de la Conservation, Station de Biologie Marine, Place de la Croix BP225, 29182, Concarneau Cedex, France
| | - Monica Montefalcone
- DiSTAV, Department of Earth, Environment and Life Sciences, University of Genoa, Corso Europa 26, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - Gérard Pergent
- Coastal Ecosystem Team (FRES 3041/UMR 6134), University of Corsica, BP 52, 20250, Corte, France
| | - Juan M Ruiz
- Seagrass Ecology Group, Oceanographic Center of Murcia, Spanish Institute of Oceanography, C/Varadero, 30740, San Pedro del Pinatar, Murcia, Spain
| | - Susana Cabaço
- Centre of Marine Sciences of Algarve (CCMAR), University of Algarve, Gambelas, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal
| | - Kevan Cook
- Natural England, Pydar House, Truro, TR1 1XU, UK
| | - Robert J Wilkes
- Environmental Protection Agency, John Moore Road, Castlebar, F23 KT91, Co. Mayo, Ireland
| | - Frithjof E Moy
- Institute of Marine Research, P.O.Box 1870 Nordnes, 5817, Bergen, Norway
| | | | - Xavier Seglar Arañó
- Medi Ambient, Ajuntament de Badalona, Plaça de la Vila 1, 08911, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Dick J de Jong
- Department Sea and Delta, Ministry of Infrastructure and the Environment, Rijkswaterstaat, 4330 KA, Middelburg, The Netherlands
| | | | - Isabelle Auby
- LER Arcachon-Anglet, IFREMER, Quai du commandant Silhouette, 33120, Arcachon, France
| | - Juan J Vergara
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Marine and Environmental Sciences, Marine Research Institute, University of Cádiz, 11510, Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain
| | - Rui Santos
- Centre of Marine Sciences of Algarve (CCMAR), University of Algarve, Gambelas, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal
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15
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Bennett S, Duarte CM, Marbà N, Wernberg T. Integrating within-species variation in thermal physiology into climate change ecology. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2019; 374:20180550. [PMID: 31203756 PMCID: PMC6606463 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2018.0550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Accurately forecasting the response of global biota to warming is a fundamental challenge for ecology in the Anthropocene. Within-species variation in thermal sensitivity, caused by phenotypic plasticity and local adaptation of thermal limits, is often overlooked in assessments of species responses to warming. Despite this, implicit assumptions of thermal niche conservatism or adaptation and plasticity at the species level permeate the literature with potentially important implications for predictions of warming impacts at the population level. Here we review how these attributes interact with the spatial and temporal context of ocean warming to influence the vulnerability of marine organisms. We identify a broad spectrum of thermal sensitivities among marine organisms, particularly in central and cool-edge populations of species distributions. These are characterized by generally low sensitivity in organisms with conserved thermal niches, to high sensitivity for organisms with locally adapted thermal niches. Important differences in thermal sensitivity among marine taxa suggest that warming could adversely affect benthic primary producers sooner than less vulnerable higher trophic groups. Embracing the spatial, temporal and biological context of within-species variation in thermal physiology helps explain observed impacts of ocean warming and can improve forecasts of climate change vulnerability in marine systems. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Physiological diversity, biodiversity patterns and global climate change: testing key hypotheses involving temperature and oxygen’.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott Bennett
- 1 Global Change Research Group, Institut Mediterrani d'Estudis Avançats (CSIC-UIB) , Miquel Marquès 21, 07190 Esporles , Spain
| | - Carlos M Duarte
- 2 King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Red Sea Research Center (RSRC) and Computational Bioscience Research Center (CBRC) , Thuwal 23955-6900 , Saudi Arabia
| | - Núria Marbà
- 1 Global Change Research Group, Institut Mediterrani d'Estudis Avançats (CSIC-UIB) , Miquel Marquès 21, 07190 Esporles , Spain
| | - Thomas Wernberg
- 3 School of Biological Sciences, UWA Oceans Institute, University of Western Australia , Cnr Fairway and Service Road 4, Crawley, WA 6009 , Australia
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16
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Savva I, Bennett S, Roca G, Jordà G, Marbà N. Thermal tolerance of Mediterranean marine macrophytes: Vulnerability to global warming. Ecol Evol 2018; 8:12032-12043. [PMID: 30598797 PMCID: PMC6303755 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.4663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2018] [Revised: 09/13/2018] [Accepted: 10/01/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The Mediterranean Sea is warming at three times the rate of the global ocean raising concerns about the vulnerability of marine organisms to climate change. Macrophytes play a key role in coastal ecosystems, therefore predicting how warming will affect these key species is critical to understand the effects of climate change on Mediterranean coastal ecosystems. We measured the physiological performance of six dominant native Mediterranean macrophytes under ten temperature treatments ranging from 12 to 34°C to examine their thermal niche, and vulnerability to projected warming in the western Mediterranean up until 2100. Among the macrophytes tested, Cymodocea nodosa was the species with the highest thermal optima and it was beyond current summer temperature. Therefore, C. nodosa may benefit from projected warming over the coming century. The optimal temperature for growth of the other species (Posidonia oceanica, Cystoseira compressa, Padina pavonica, Caulerpa prolifera, and Halimeda tuna) was lower. Similarly, the species presented different upper lethal limits, spanning at least across 5.1°C between 28.9°C (P. oceanica) and >34°C (C. nodosa). Our results demonstrate the variable physiological responses of species within the same local community to temperature changes and highlight important potential differences in climate change vulnerability, among species within coastal marine ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis Savva
- Global Change Research GroupInstitut Mediterrani d’Estudis Avançats (CSIC‐UIB)EsporlesSpain
- Marine and Environmental Research (MER) LabLimassolCyprus
| | - Scott Bennett
- Global Change Research GroupInstitut Mediterrani d’Estudis Avançats (CSIC‐UIB)EsporlesSpain
| | - Guillem Roca
- Global Change Research GroupInstitut Mediterrani d’Estudis Avançats (CSIC‐UIB)EsporlesSpain
| | - Gabriel Jordà
- Marine Ecosystem Dynamics GroupInstitut Mediterrani d’Estudis Avançats (CSIC‐UIB)EsporlesSpain
- Instituto Español de Oceanografía (IEO) Centre Oceanogràfic de BalearsPalmaSpain
| | - Núria Marbà
- Global Change Research GroupInstitut Mediterrani d’Estudis Avançats (CSIC‐UIB)EsporlesSpain
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17
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Marbà N, Krause-Jensen D, Masqué P, Duarte CM. Expanding Greenland seagrass meadows contribute new sediment carbon sinks. Sci Rep 2018; 8:14024. [PMID: 30232387 PMCID: PMC6145939 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-32249-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2017] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The loss of natural carbon sinks, such as seagrass meadows, contributes to grenhouse gas emissions and, thus, global warming. Whereas seagrass meadows are declining in temperate and tropical regions, they are expected to expand into the Arctic with future warming. Using paleoreconstruction of carbon burial and sources of organic carbon to shallow coastal sediments of three Greenland seagrass (Zostera marina) meadows of contrasting density and age, we test the hypothesis that Arctic seagrass meadows are expanding along with the associated sediment carbon sinks. We show that sediments accreted before 1900 were highly 13C depleted, indicative of low inputs of seagrass carbon, whereas from 1940's to present carbon burial rates increased greatly and sediment carbon stocks were largely enriched with seagrass material. Currently, the increase of seagrass carbon inputs to sediments of lush and dense meadows (Kapisillit and Ameralik) was 2.6 fold larger than that of sparse meadows with low biomass (Kobbefjord). Our results demonstrate an increasing important role of Arctic seagrass meadows in supporting sediment carbon sinks, likely to be enhanced with future Arctic warming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Núria Marbà
- Global Change Research Group, IMEDEA (CSIC-UIB), Institut Mediterrani d'Estudis Avançats, Miquel Marquès 21, 07190, Esporles (Illes Balears), Spain.
| | - Dorte Krause-Jensen
- Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Vejlsøvej 25, DK-8600, Silkeborg, Denmark.,Arctic Research Centre, Aarhus University, Ny Munkegade 114, Building 1540, DK-8000, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Pere Masqué
- Centre for Marine Ecosystems Research, School of Science, Edith Cowan University, 270 Joondalup Drive, Joondalup, WA, 6027, Australia.,Departament de Física & Institut de Ciència i Tecnologia Ambientals, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Spain.,Oceans Institute & School of Physics, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Carlos M Duarte
- Arctic Research Centre, Aarhus University, Ny Munkegade 114, Building 1540, DK-8000, Aarhus C, Denmark.,King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Red Sea Research Center (RSRC), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
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18
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Mota CF, Engelen AH, Serrao EA, Coelho MAG, Marbà N, Krause-Jensen D, Pearson GA. Differentiation in fitness-related traits in response to elevated temperatures between leading and trailing edge populations of marine macrophytes. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0203666. [PMID: 30212558 PMCID: PMC6136734 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0203666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2017] [Accepted: 08/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The nature of species distribution boundaries is a key subject in ecology and evolution. Edge populations are potentially more exposed to climate-related environmental pressures. Despite research efforts, little is known about variability in fitness-related traits in leading (i.e., colder, high latitude) versus trailing (i.e., warmer, low latitude) edge populations. We tested whether the resilience, i.e. the resistance and recovery, of key traits differs between a distributional cold (Greenland) and warm (Portugal) range edge population of two foundation marine macrophytes, the intertidal macroalga Fucus vesiculosus and the subtidal seagrass Zostera marina. The resistance and recovery of edge populations to elevated seawater temperatures was compared under common experimental conditions using photosynthetic efficiency and expression of heat shock proteins (HSP). Cold and warm edge populations differed in their response, but this was species specific. The warm edge population of F. vesiculosus showed higher thermal resistance and recovery whereas the cold leading edge was less tolerant. The opposite was observed in Z. marina, with reduced recovery at the warm edge, while the cold edge was not markedly affected by warming. Our results confirm that differentiation of thermal stress responses can occur between leading and trailing edges, but such responses depend on local population traits and are thus not predictable just based on thermal pressures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catarina F. Mota
- Centro de Ciências do Mar (CCMAR), CIMAR, University of Algarve, Faro, Portugal
| | - Aschwin H. Engelen
- Centro de Ciências do Mar (CCMAR), CIMAR, University of Algarve, Faro, Portugal
| | - Ester A. Serrao
- Centro de Ciências do Mar (CCMAR), CIMAR, University of Algarve, Faro, Portugal
| | - Márcio A. G. Coelho
- Centro de Ciências do Mar (CCMAR), CIMAR, University of Algarve, Faro, Portugal
| | - Núria Marbà
- Department of Global Change Research, IMEDEA (CSIC-UIB), Esporles, Spain
| | - Dorte Krause-Jensen
- Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Silkeborg, Denmark
- Arctic Research Centre, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Gareth A. Pearson
- Centro de Ciências do Mar (CCMAR), CIMAR, University of Algarve, Faro, Portugal
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19
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Mazarrasa I, Samper-Villarreal J, Serrano O, Lavery PS, Lovelock CE, Marbà N, Duarte CM, Cortés J. Habitat characteristics provide insights of carbon storage in seagrass meadows. Mar Pollut Bull 2018; 134:106-117. [PMID: 29459167 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2018.01.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2017] [Revised: 01/21/2018] [Accepted: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Seagrass meadows provide multiple ecosystem services, yet they are among the most threatened ecosystems on earth. Because of their role as carbon sinks, protection and restoration of seagrass meadows contribute to climate change mitigation. Blue Carbon strategies aim to enhance CO2 sequestration and avoid greenhouse gasses emissions through the management of coastal vegetated ecosystems, including seagrass meadows. The implementation of Blue Carbon strategies requires a good understanding of the habitat characteristics that influence Corg sequestration. Here, we review the existing knowledge on Blue Carbon research in seagrass meadows to identify the key habitat characteristics that influence Corg sequestration in seagrass meadows, those factors that threaten this function and those with unclear effects. We demonstrate that not all seagrass habitats have the same potential, identify research priorities and describe the implications of the results found for the implementation and development of efficient Blue Carbon strategies based on seagrass meadows.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inés Mazarrasa
- Department of Global Change Research, IMEDEA (CSIC-UIB) Institut Mediterrani d'Estudis Avançats, C/ Miguel Marqués 21, 07190 Esporles, Mallorca, Spain; Environmental Hydraulics Institute "IH Cantabria", Universidad de Cantabria, Parque Científico y Tecnológico de Cantabria, 39011 Santander, Spain.
| | - Jimena Samper-Villarreal
- Centro de Investigación en Ciencias del Mar y Limnología (CIMAR), Universidad de Costa Rica, San Pedro, 11501-2060 San José, Costa Rica
| | - Oscar Serrano
- Centre for Marine Ecosystems Research, School of Science, Edith Cowan University, 270 Joondalup Drive, Joondalup, WA 6027, Australia
| | - Paul S Lavery
- Centre for Marine Ecosystems Research, School of Science, Edith Cowan University, 270 Joondalup Drive, Joondalup, WA 6027, Australia; Centro de Estudios Avanzados de Blanes (CEAB-CSIC), Calle de Acceso a la Cala Sant Francesc, 14, 17300 Blanes, Girona, Spain
| | - Catherine E Lovelock
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Núria Marbà
- Department of Global Change Research, IMEDEA (CSIC-UIB) Institut Mediterrani d'Estudis Avançats, C/ Miguel Marqués 21, 07190 Esporles, Mallorca, Spain
| | - Carlos M Duarte
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Red Sea Research Center, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jorge Cortés
- Centro de Investigación en Ciencias del Mar y Limnología (CIMAR), Universidad de Costa Rica, San Pedro, 11501-2060 San José, Costa Rica; Escuela de Biología y Museo de Zoología, Universidad de Costa Rica, San Pedro, 11501-2060 San José, Costa Rica
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20
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Ramajo L, Hendriks IE, Lagos NA, Krause-Jensen D, Marbà N, Sejr MK, Duarte CM. Reply to 'Increased food supply mitigates ocean acidification effects on calcification but exacerbates effects on growth'. Sci Rep 2018; 8:9799. [PMID: 29955080 PMCID: PMC6023901 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-27670-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Accepted: 06/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
In the Brown et al. study 'Increased food supply mitigates ocean acidification effects on calcification but exacerbates effects on growth' they show disagreement with the tested hypothesis and data analysis methodology used in our 2016 study. We acknowledge careful criticism and a constructive dialogue are necessary to progress science and address these issues in this reply.Replying to: Brown et al. Sci. Rep. 8 (2018); https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-28012-w .
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Ramajo
- Department of Sciences, Faculty of Liberal Arts, Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez, Avda. Diagonal Las Torres 2640, Peñalolén, 7941169, Santiago, Chile.
- Centro de Investigación e Innovación para el Cambio Climático (CiiCC), Universidad Santo Tomás, Avda. Ejército 146, 8370003, Santiago, Chile.
- Center for the Study of Multiple Drivers on Marine Socio-Ecological Systems, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile.
| | - Iris E Hendriks
- Global Change Department, Instituto Mediterráneo de Estudios Avanzados (IMEDEA, CSIC-UIB), C/Miquel Marqués 21, 07190, Esporles, Islas Baleares, Spain
| | - Nelson A Lagos
- Centro de Investigación e Innovación para el Cambio Climático (CiiCC), Universidad Santo Tomás, Avda. Ejército 146, 8370003, Santiago, Chile
- Center for the Study of Multiple Drivers on Marine Socio-Ecological Systems, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Dorte Krause-Jensen
- Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Vejlsøvej 25, 8600, Silkeborg, Denmark
- Arctic Research Centre, Bioscience, Arhus University, C. F. Møllers Allé 8, 8000, Åarhus, Denmark
| | - Núria Marbà
- Global Change Department, Instituto Mediterráneo de Estudios Avanzados (IMEDEA, CSIC-UIB), C/Miquel Marqués 21, 07190, Esporles, Islas Baleares, Spain
| | - Mikael K Sejr
- Arctic Research Centre, Bioscience, Arhus University, C. F. Møllers Allé 8, 8000, Åarhus, Denmark
| | - Carlos M Duarte
- Red Sea Research Center, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
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21
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Neiva J, Paulino C, Nielsen MM, Krause-Jensen D, Saunders GW, Assis J, Bárbara I, Tamigneaux É, Gouveia L, Aires T, Marbà N, Bruhn A, Pearson GA, Serrão EA. Glacial vicariance drives phylogeographic diversification in the amphi-boreal kelp Saccharina latissima. Sci Rep 2018; 8:1112. [PMID: 29348650 PMCID: PMC5773594 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-19620-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2017] [Accepted: 01/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Glacial vicariance is regarded as one of the most prevalent drivers of phylogeographic structure and speciation among high-latitude organisms, but direct links between ice advances and range fragmentation have been more difficult to establish in marine than in terrestrial systems. Here we investigate the evolution of largely disjunct (and potentially reproductively isolated) phylogeographic lineages within the amphi-boreal kelp Saccharina latissima s. l. Using molecular data (COI, microsatellites) we confirm that S. latissima comprises also the NE Pacific S. cichorioides complex and is composed of divergent lineages with limited range overlap and genetic admixture. Only a few genetic hybrids were detected throughout a Canadian Arctic/NW Greenland contact zone. The degree of genetic differentiation and sympatric isolation of phylogroups suggest that S. latissima s. l. represents a complex of incipient species. Phylogroup distributions compared with paleo-environmental reconstructions of the cryosphere further suggest that diversification within S. latissima results from chronic glacial isolation in disjunct persistence areas intercalated with ephemeral interglacial poleward expansions and admixture at high-latitude (Arctic) contact zones. This study thus supports a role for glaciations not just in redistributing pre-existing marine lineages but also as a speciation pump across multi-glacial cycles for marine organisms otherwise exhibiting cosmopolite amphi-boreal distributions.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Neiva
- CCMAR- Centro de Ciências do Mar, Universidade do Algarve, Faro, Portugal.
| | - Cristina Paulino
- CCMAR- Centro de Ciências do Mar, Universidade do Algarve, Faro, Portugal
| | - Mette M Nielsen
- Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Silkeborg, Denmark
| | - Dorte Krause-Jensen
- Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Silkeborg, Denmark
- Arctic Research Centre, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Gary W Saunders
- Centre for Environmental and Molecular Algal Research, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, Canada
| | - Jorge Assis
- CCMAR- Centro de Ciências do Mar, Universidade do Algarve, Faro, Portugal
| | - Ignacio Bárbara
- Biocost Research Group, Universidade de A Coruña, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Éric Tamigneaux
- NSERC Industrial Research Chair for Colleges in Marine Macroalgae, Cégep de la Gaspésie et des Îles, Grande-Rivière, Québec, Canada
| | - Licínia Gouveia
- CCMAR- Centro de Ciências do Mar, Universidade do Algarve, Faro, Portugal
| | - Tânia Aires
- CCMAR- Centro de Ciências do Mar, Universidade do Algarve, Faro, Portugal
| | - Núria Marbà
- Department of Global Change Research, IMEDEA (CSIC-UIB), Esporles, Spain
| | - Annette Bruhn
- Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Silkeborg, Denmark
| | - Gareth A Pearson
- CCMAR- Centro de Ciências do Mar, Universidade do Algarve, Faro, Portugal
| | - Ester A Serrão
- CCMAR- Centro de Ciências do Mar, Universidade do Algarve, Faro, Portugal.
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Ruiz-Reynés D, Gomila D, Sintes T, Hernández-García E, Marbà N, Duarte CM. Fairy circle landscapes under the sea. Sci Adv 2017; 3:e1603262. [PMID: 28782035 PMCID: PMC5540242 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.1603262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2017] [Accepted: 06/28/2017] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Short-scale interactions yield large-scale vegetation patterns that, in turn, shape ecosystem function across landscapes. Fairy circles, which are circular patches bare of vegetation within otherwise continuous landscapes, are characteristic features of semiarid grasslands. We report the occurrence of submarine fairy circle seascapes in seagrass meadows and propose a simple model that reproduces the diversity of seascapes observed in these ecosystems as emerging from plant interactions within the meadow. These seascapes include two extreme cases, a continuous meadow and a bare landscape, along with intermediate states that range from the occurrence of persistent but isolated fairy circles, or solitons, to seascapes with multiple fairy circles, banded vegetation, and "leopard skin" patterns consisting of bare seascapes dotted with plant patches. The model predicts that these intermediate seascapes extending across kilometers emerge as a consequence of local demographic imbalances along with facilitative and competitive interactions among the plants with a characteristic spatial scale of 20 to 30 m, consistent with known drivers of seagrass performance. The model, which can be extended to clonal growth plants in other landscapes showing fairy rings, reveals that the different seascapes observed hold diagnostic power as to the proximity of seagrass meadows to extinction points that can be used to identify ecosystems at risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Ruiz-Reynés
- IFISC (Instituto de Física Interdisciplinar y Sistemas Complejos) [Universidad Illes Baleares–Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (UIB-CSIC)], Campus Universitat Illes Balears, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Damià Gomila
- IFISC (Instituto de Física Interdisciplinar y Sistemas Complejos) [Universidad Illes Baleares–Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (UIB-CSIC)], Campus Universitat Illes Balears, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Tomàs Sintes
- IFISC (Instituto de Física Interdisciplinar y Sistemas Complejos) [Universidad Illes Baleares–Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (UIB-CSIC)], Campus Universitat Illes Balears, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Emilio Hernández-García
- IFISC (Instituto de Física Interdisciplinar y Sistemas Complejos) [Universidad Illes Baleares–Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (UIB-CSIC)], Campus Universitat Illes Balears, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Núria Marbà
- Department of Global Change Research, IMEDEA (Mediterranean Institute for Advanced Studies) (UIB-CSIC), Miquel Marqués 21, 07190 Esporles, Spain
| | - Carlos M. Duarte
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Red Sea Research Center, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
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Marbà N, Krause-Jensen D, Olesen B, Christensen PB, Merzouk A, Rodrigues J, Wegeberg S, Wilce RT. Climate change stimulates the growth of the intertidal macroalgae Ascophyllum nodosum near the northern distribution limit. Ambio 2017; 46:119-131. [PMID: 28116684 PMCID: PMC5258665 DOI: 10.1007/s13280-016-0873-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Ascophyllum nodosum is a foundation macroalgae of the intertidal zone that distributes across latitude 41.3-69.7°N. We tested the hypothesis that growth of A. nodosum near the northern distribution edge increases with warming. We retrospectively quantified the growth of eight A. nodosum populations at West Greenland and North Norway (from 64°N to 69°N). For seven populations, we measured growth rates since 1997-2002 and for one of them we extended the time series back to 1956 using published estimates. Individuals at northern populations elongated between 2.0 and 9.1 cm year-1 and this variability correlated with temperature and annual ice-free days. A spatial comparison of A. nodosum growth across the species distribution range showed that Northern (and coldest) populations grew at the slowest rates. Our results demonstrate that arctic climate change enhances the growth of A. nodosum populations and suggest that their productivity may increase in response to projected global warming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Núria Marbà
- Department of Global Change Research, IMEDEA (CSIC-UIB), Miquel Marquès 21, 07190 Esporles (Illes Balears), Spain
| | - Dorte Krause-Jensen
- Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Vejlsøvej 25, 8600 Silkeborg, Denmark
- Arctic Research Centre, Aarhus University, Ny Munkegade 114, Building 1540, 8000 Århus C, Denmark
| | - Birgit Olesen
- Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Ole Worms Allé 1, Building 1135, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Peter B. Christensen
- Arctic Research Centre, Aarhus University, Ny Munkegade 114, Building 1540, 8000 Århus C, Denmark
| | - Anissa Merzouk
- ArcticNet/Amundsen Science, Université Laval, Pavillon Alexandre-Vachon, Room 4081, 1045 Avenue de la Médecine, Quebec, QC G1V 0A6 Canada
| | - Joao Rodrigues
- St Catharine’s College, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1RL UK
| | - Susse Wegeberg
- Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Robert T. Wilce
- Department of Biology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003 USA
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Sánchez-Quiles D, Marbà N, Tovar-Sánchez A. Trace metal accumulation in marine macrophytes: Hotspots of coastal contamination worldwide. Sci Total Environ 2017; 576:520-527. [PMID: 27810741 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.10.144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2016] [Revised: 10/18/2016] [Accepted: 10/19/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
This study quantifies the concentration of trace metals in coastal marine macrophytes (seagrasses, Chlorophytae, Phaeophytae and Rhodophytae). We do so by compiling, from 155 peer review research articles, almost 23,000 estimates of trace metals (As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn) contents in natural populations of marine macroalgae and seagrasses distributed worldwide. The objective was to explore the global distribution of concentrations of these metals in marine macrophytes, provide an estimate of their average and range in its tissues and to identify hotspots of coastal pollution. Our results reveal Phaeophytae as the group with the largest accumulation capacity and tolerance to elevated concentrations of metals regardless the species and the location. The mapping of geographic distribution of metal accumulation in marine macrophytes identifies some coastal areas as hotspots of trace metal contamination, where concentrations could reach levels up to 600 times higher than the mean.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Sánchez-Quiles
- Department of Global Change Research, Mediterranean Institute for Advanced Studies, IMEDEA (CSIC-UIB), Miguel Marqués 21, 07190 Esporles, Balearic Island, Spain.
| | - Núria Marbà
- Department of Global Change Research, Mediterranean Institute for Advanced Studies, IMEDEA (CSIC-UIB), Miguel Marqués 21, 07190 Esporles, Balearic Island, Spain
| | - Antonio Tovar-Sánchez
- Department of Global Change Research, Mediterranean Institute for Advanced Studies, IMEDEA (CSIC-UIB), Miguel Marqués 21, 07190 Esporles, Balearic Island, Spain; Department of Ecology and Coastal Management, Andalusian Institute for Marine Science, ICMAN (CSIC), Campus Universitario Río San Pedro, 11510 Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain
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Krause-Jensen D, Marbà N, Sanz-Martin M, Hendriks IE, Thyrring J, Carstensen J, Sejr MK, Duarte CM. Long photoperiods sustain high pH in Arctic kelp forests. Sci Adv 2016; 2:e1501938. [PMID: 27990490 PMCID: PMC5156516 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.1501938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2015] [Accepted: 10/29/2016] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Concern on the impacts of ocean acidification on calcifiers, such as bivalves, sea urchins, and foraminifers, has led to efforts to understand the controls on pH in their habitats, which include kelp forests and seagrass meadows. The metabolism of these habitats can lead to diel fluctuation in pH with increases during the day and declines at night, suggesting no net effect on pH at time scales longer than daily. We examined the capacity of subarctic and Arctic kelps to up-regulate pH in situ and experimentally tested the role of photoperiod in determining the capacity of Arctic macrophytes to up-regulate pH. Field observations at photoperiods of 15 and 24 hours in Greenland combined with experimental manipulations of photoperiod show that photoperiods longer than 21 hours, characteristic of Arctic summers, are conducive to sustained up-regulation of pH by kelp photosynthesis. We report a gradual increase in pH of 0.15 units and a parallel decline in pCO2 of 100 parts per million over a 10-day period in an Arctic kelp forest over midsummer, with ample scope for continued pH increase during the months of continuous daylight. Experimental increase in CO2 concentration further stimulated the capacity of macrophytes to deplete CO2 and increase pH. We conclude that long photoperiods in Arctic summers support sustained up-regulation of pH in kelp forests, with potential benefits for calcifiers, and propose that this mechanism may increase with the projected expansion of Arctic vegetation in response to warming and loss of sea ice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorte Krause-Jensen
- Arctic Research Centre, Aarhus University, Ny Munkegade 114, Building 1540, 8000 Århus C, Denmark
- Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Vejlsøvej 25, DK-8600 Silkeborg, Denmark
| | - Núria Marbà
- Department of Global Change Research, Institut Mediterrani d’Estudis Avançats (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas–Universidad de las Islas Baleares), Miquel Marquès 21, 07190 Esporles, Spain
| | - Marina Sanz-Martin
- Department of Global Change Research, Institut Mediterrani d’Estudis Avançats (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas–Universidad de las Islas Baleares), Miquel Marquès 21, 07190 Esporles, Spain
- Facultat de Geologia, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Iris E. Hendriks
- Department of Global Change Research, Institut Mediterrani d’Estudis Avançats (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas–Universidad de las Islas Baleares), Miquel Marquès 21, 07190 Esporles, Spain
| | - Jakob Thyrring
- Arctic Research Centre, Aarhus University, Ny Munkegade 114, Building 1540, 8000 Århus C, Denmark
- Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Vejlsøvej 25, DK-8600 Silkeborg, Denmark
| | - Jacob Carstensen
- Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Mikael Kristian Sejr
- Arctic Research Centre, Aarhus University, Ny Munkegade 114, Building 1540, 8000 Århus C, Denmark
- Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Vejlsøvej 25, DK-8600 Silkeborg, Denmark
| | - Carlos M. Duarte
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Red Sea Research Center, Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- Faculty of Biosciences, Fisheries and Economics, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway
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Ramajo L, Marbà N, Prado L, Peron S, Lardies MA, Rodriguez-Navarro AB, Vargas CA, Lagos NA, Duarte CM. Biomineralization changes with food supply confer juvenile scallops (Argopecten purpuratus) resistance to ocean acidification. Glob Chang Biol 2016; 22:2025-37. [PMID: 26644007 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.13179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2015] [Revised: 11/02/2015] [Accepted: 11/13/2015] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Future ocean acidification (OA) will affect physiological traits of marine species, with calcifying species being particularly vulnerable. As OA entails high energy demands, particularly during the rapid juvenile growth phase, food supply may play a key role in the response of marine organisms to OA. We experimentally evaluated the role of food supply in modulating physiological responses and biomineralization processes in juveniles of the Chilean scallop, Argopecten purpuratus, that were exposed to control (pH ~ 8.0) and low pH (pH ~ 7.6) conditions using three food supply treatments (high, intermediate, and low). We found that pH and food levels had additive effects on the physiological response of the juvenile scallops. Metabolic rates, shell growth, net calcification, and ingestion rates increased significantly at low pH conditions, independent of food. These physiological responses increased significantly in organisms exposed to intermediate and high levels of food supply. Hence, food supply seems to play a major role modulating organismal response by providing the energetic means to bolster the physiological response of OA stress. On the contrary, the relative expression of chitin synthase, a functional molecule for biomineralization, increased significantly in scallops exposed to low food supply and low pH, which resulted in a thicker periostracum enriched with chitin polysaccharides. Under reduced food and low pH conditions, the adaptive organismal response was to trade-off growth for the expression of biomineralization molecules and altering of the organic composition of shell periostracum, suggesting that the future performance of these calcifiers will depend on the trajectories of both OA and food supply. Thus, incorporating a suite of traits and multiple stressors in future studies of the adaptive organismal response may provide key insights on OA impacts on marine calcifiers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Ramajo
- Global Change Department, Instituto Mediterráneo de Estudios Avanzados (CSIC-UIB), C/ Miquel Marqués 21, 07190, Esporles, Islas Baleares, Spain
- Centro de Investigación e Innovación para el Cambio Climático (CiiCC), Universidad Santo Tomás, Ejercito 146, Santiago, Chile
| | - Núria Marbà
- Global Change Department, Instituto Mediterráneo de Estudios Avanzados (CSIC-UIB), C/ Miquel Marqués 21, 07190, Esporles, Islas Baleares, Spain
| | - Luis Prado
- Centro de Investigación e Innovación para el Cambio Climático (CiiCC), Universidad Santo Tomás, Ejercito 146, Santiago, Chile
| | - Sophie Peron
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie, 4 Place Jussieu, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Marco A Lardies
- Facultad de Artes Liberales and Ingeniería y Ciencias, Universidad Adolfo Ibañez, Avenida Diagonal Las Torres 2640, 7941169, Peñalolen, Santiago, Chile
- Center for the Study of Multiple-drivers on Marine Socio-Ecological Systems (MUSELS), Universidad de Concepción, 4030000 Concepción, Chile
| | | | - Cristian A Vargas
- Center for the Study of Multiple-drivers on Marine Socio-Ecological Systems (MUSELS), Universidad de Concepción, 4030000 Concepción, Chile
- Laboratorio de Funcionamiento de Ecosistema Acuáticos (LAFE), Departamento de Sistemas Acuáticos, Facultad de Ciencias Ambientales, Universidad de Concepción, 4030000 Concepción, Chile
| | - Nelson A Lagos
- Centro de Investigación e Innovación para el Cambio Climático (CiiCC), Universidad Santo Tomás, Ejercito 146, Santiago, Chile
- Center for the Study of Multiple-drivers on Marine Socio-Ecological Systems (MUSELS), Universidad de Concepción, 4030000 Concepción, Chile
| | - Carlos M Duarte
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Red Sea Research Center (RSRC), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
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Ramajo L, Pérez-León E, Hendriks IE, Marbà N, Krause-Jensen D, Sejr MK, Blicher ME, Lagos NA, Olsen YS, Duarte CM. Food supply confers calcifiers resistance to ocean acidification. Sci Rep 2016; 6:19374. [PMID: 26778520 PMCID: PMC4726000 DOI: 10.1038/srep19374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2015] [Accepted: 12/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Invasion of ocean surface waters by anthropogenic CO2 emitted to the atmosphere is expected to reduce surface seawater pH to 7.8 by the end of this century compromising marine calcifiers. A broad range of biological and mineralogical mechanisms allow marine calcifiers to cope with ocean acidification, however these mechanisms are energetically demanding which affect other biological processes (trade-offs) with important implications for the resilience of the organisms against stressful conditions. Hence, food availability may play a critical role in determining the resistance of calcifiers to OA. Here we show, based on a meta-analysis of existing experimental results assessing the role of food supply in the response of organisms to OA, that food supply consistently confers calcifiers resistance to ocean acidification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Ramajo
- Global Change Department, Instituto Mediterráneo de Estudios Avanzados (IMEDEA, CSIC-UIB), C/ Miquel Marqués 21, 07190 Esporles, Islas Baleares, Spain.,Centro de Investigación e Innovación para el Cambio Climático (CiiCC), Universidad Santo Tomás, Avda. Ejército 146, 8370003 Santiago, Chile
| | - Elia Pérez-León
- Global Change Department, Instituto Mediterráneo de Estudios Avanzados (IMEDEA, CSIC-UIB), C/ Miquel Marqués 21, 07190 Esporles, Islas Baleares, Spain
| | - Iris E Hendriks
- Global Change Department, Instituto Mediterráneo de Estudios Avanzados (IMEDEA, CSIC-UIB), C/ Miquel Marqués 21, 07190 Esporles, Islas Baleares, Spain
| | - Núria Marbà
- Global Change Department, Instituto Mediterráneo de Estudios Avanzados (IMEDEA, CSIC-UIB), C/ Miquel Marqués 21, 07190 Esporles, Islas Baleares, Spain
| | - Dorte Krause-Jensen
- Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Vejlsøvej 25, 8600 Silkeborg, Denmark.,Arctic Research Centre, Bioscience, Aarhus University, C. F. Møllers Allé 8, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Mikael K Sejr
- Arctic Research Centre, Bioscience, Aarhus University, C. F. Møllers Allé 8, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Martin E Blicher
- Greenland Climate Research Centre, Greenland Institute of Natural Resources, Kivioq 2 P.O. Box 570, 3900 Nuuk, Greenland
| | - Nelson A Lagos
- Centro de Investigación e Innovación para el Cambio Climático (CiiCC), Universidad Santo Tomás, Avda. Ejército 146, 8370003 Santiago, Chile
| | - Ylva S Olsen
- Plant Biology and The UWA Oceans Institute, University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Carlos M Duarte
- Global Change Department, Instituto Mediterráneo de Estudios Avanzados (IMEDEA, CSIC-UIB), C/ Miquel Marqués 21, 07190 Esporles, Islas Baleares, Spain.,King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Red Sea Research Center (RSRC), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
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Katwijk MM, Thorhaug A, Marbà N, Orth RJ, Duarte CM, Kendrick GA, Althuizen IHJ, Balestri E, Bernard G, Cambridge ML, Cunha A, Durance C, Giesen W, Han Q, Hosokawa S, Kiswara W, Komatsu T, Lardicci C, Lee K, Meinesz A, Nakaoka M, O'Brien KR, Paling EI, Pickerell C, Ransijn AMA, Verduin JJ. Global analysis of seagrass restoration: the importance of large‐scale planting. J Appl Ecol 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2664.12562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 246] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marieke M. Katwijk
- Department of Environmental Science Faculty of Science Institute for Water and Wetland Research Radboud University Nijmegen Heyendaalseweg 135 6525 AJ Nijmegen The Netherlands
| | - Anitra Thorhaug
- Greeley Laboratories Institute for Sustainable Forestry School of Forestry and Environmental Studies Yale University Prospect St New Haven CT 06511 USA
| | - Núria Marbà
- Department of Global Change Research IMEDEA (CSIC‐UIB) Institut Mediterrani d'Estudis Avançats C/Miguel Marqués 21 07190 Esporles Spain
| | - Robert J. Orth
- Virginia Institute of Marine Science College of William & Mary P.O. Box 1346 Gloucester Point VA 23062 USA
| | - Carlos M. Duarte
- Department of Global Change Research IMEDEA (CSIC‐UIB) Institut Mediterrani d'Estudis Avançats C/Miguel Marqués 21 07190 Esporles Spain
- The UWA Oceans Institute and School of Plant Biology University of Western Australia 35 Stirling Highway Crawley 6009 WA Australia
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Red Sea Research Center (RSRC) Thuwal 23955‐6900 Saudi Arabia
| | - Gary A. Kendrick
- The UWA Oceans Institute and School of Plant Biology University of Western Australia 35 Stirling Highway Crawley 6009 WA Australia
| | - Inge H. J. Althuizen
- Department of Environmental Science Faculty of Science Institute for Water and Wetland Research Radboud University Nijmegen Heyendaalseweg 135 6525 AJ Nijmegen The Netherlands
| | - Elena Balestri
- Dipartimento di Biologia Pisa University Via Derna 1 56126 Pisa Italy
| | - Guillaume Bernard
- GIPREB (Gestion Intégrée pour la Prospective et la Réhabilitation de l'Etang de Berre) 13 Cours Mirabeau 13130 Berre‐l’Étang France
| | - Marion L. Cambridge
- The UWA Oceans Institute and School of Plant Biology University of Western Australia 35 Stirling Highway Crawley 6009 WA Australia
| | - Alexandra Cunha
- Centro de Ciências do Mar (CCMAR) Edificio 7 Universidade do Algarve Campus de Gambelas 8005‐139 Faro Portugal
| | - Cynthia Durance
- Precision Identification 3622 West 3rd Avenue Vancouver BC V6R 1L9 Canada
| | - Wim Giesen
- Department of Environmental Science Faculty of Science Institute for Water and Wetland Research Radboud University Nijmegen Heyendaalseweg 135 6525 AJ Nijmegen The Netherlands
- Euroconsult Mott MacDonald P.O. Box 441 6800 AK Arnhem The Netherlands
| | - Qiuying Han
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Zone Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research (YIC) Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coastal Zone Environmental Processes YICCAS Yantai Shandong 264003 China
| | - Shinya Hosokawa
- Marine Environmental Information Group Port and Airport Research Institute Nagase Yokosuka Kanagawa 239‐0826 Japan
| | - Wawan Kiswara
- Research Centre for Oceanography Indonesian Institute of Sciences Jl. Pasir Putih No. 1, Ancol, Timur Jakarta Utara 14430 Indonesia
| | - Teruhisa Komatsu
- Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute University of Tokyo 5‐1‐5 Kashiwanoha Kashiwa 277‐8564 Japan
| | - Claudio Lardicci
- Dipartimento di Biologia Pisa University Via Derna 1 56126 Pisa Italy
| | - Kun‐Seop Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences Pusan National University Pusan 609‐735 Korea
| | - Alexandre Meinesz
- EA ECOMERS 4228 University Nice Sophia Antipolis F‐06108 Nice 2 France
| | - Masahiro Nakaoka
- Akkeshi Marine Station Field Science Center for Northern Biosphere Hokkaido University Akkeshi Hokkaido 088‐1113 Japan
| | - Katherine R. O'Brien
- School of Chemical Engineering The University of Queensland St Lucia Qld 4072 Australia
| | - Erik I. Paling
- Ichthys Onshore LNG 11/14 Winnellie Road Winnellie NT 0820 Australia
| | - Chris Pickerell
- Marine Program Cornell Cooperative Extension of Suffolk County 423 Griffing Avenue, Suite 100 Riverhead NY 11901 USA
| | - Aryan M. A. Ransijn
- Department of Environmental Science Faculty of Science Institute for Water and Wetland Research Radboud University Nijmegen Heyendaalseweg 135 6525 AJ Nijmegen The Netherlands
| | - Jennifer J. Verduin
- School of Veterinary and Life Sciences Environmental and Conservation Sciences Murdoch University South Street Murdoch 6150 Perth WA Australia
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D’Souza E, Patankar V, Arthur R, Marbà N, Alcoverro T. Seagrass Herbivory Levels Sustain Site-Fidelity in a Remnant Dugong Population. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0141224. [PMID: 26492558 PMCID: PMC4619644 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0141224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2015] [Accepted: 10/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Herds of dugong, a largely tropical marine megaherbivore, are known to undertake long-distance movements, sequentially overgrazing seagrass meadows in their path. Given their drastic declines in many regions, it is unclear whether at lower densities, their grazing is less intense, reducing their need to travel between meadows. We studied the effect of the feeding behaviour of a small dugong population in the Andaman and Nicobar archipelago, India to understand how small isolated populations graze seagrasses. In the seven years of our observation, all recorded dugongs travelled either solitarily or in pairs, and their use of seagrasses was limited to 8 meadows, some of which were persistently grazed. These meadows were relatively large, contiguous and dominated by short-lived seagrasses species. Dugongs consumed approximately 15% of meadow primary production, but there was a large variation (3-40% of total meadow production) in consumption patterns between meadows. The impact of herbivory was relatively high, with shoot densities c. 50% higher inside herbivore exclosures than in areas exposed to repeated grazing. Our results indicate that dugongs in the study area repeatedly graze the same meadows probably because the proportion of primary production consumed reduces shoot density to levels that are still above values that can trigger meadow abandonment. This ability of seagrasses to cope perhaps explains the long-term site fidelity shown by individual dugongs in these meadows. The fact that seagrass meadows in the archipelago are able to support dugong foraging requirements allows us to clearly identify locations where this remnant population persists, and where urgent management efforts can be directed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elrika D’Souza
- Oceans and Coasts Program, Nature Conservation Foundation, Mysore, Karnataka, India
| | - Vardhan Patankar
- Oceans and Coasts Program, Nature Conservation Foundation, Mysore, Karnataka, India
- Centre for Wildlife Studies, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
- National Centre for Biological Sciences, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Rohan Arthur
- Oceans and Coasts Program, Nature Conservation Foundation, Mysore, Karnataka, India
| | - Núria Marbà
- Oceans and Coasts Program, Nature Conservation Foundation, Mysore, Karnataka, India
- Department of Global Change Research, IMEDEA (CSIC-UIB), Institut Mediterrani d’Estudis Avançats, Illes Balears, Spain
| | - Teresa Alcoverro
- Oceans and Coasts Program, Nature Conservation Foundation, Mysore, Karnataka, India
- Centre d'Estudis Avançats de Blanes (CSIC), Blanes, Girona, Spain
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Samperio-Ramos G, Olsen YS, Tomas F, Marbà N. Ecophysiological responses of three Mediterranean invasive seaweeds (Acrothamnion preissii, Lophocladia lallemandii and Caulerpa cylindracea) to experimental warming. Mar Pollut Bull 2015; 96:418-423. [PMID: 25986653 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2015.05.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2014] [Revised: 05/04/2015] [Accepted: 05/12/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The Mediterranean Sea is a hotspot for invasive species and projected Mediterranean warming might affect their future spreading. We experimentally examined ecophysiological responses to the temperature range 23-31 °C in three invasive seaweeds commonly found in the Mediterranean: Acrothamnion preissii, Caulerpa cylindracea and Lophocladia lallemandii. The warming range tested encompassed current and projected (for the end of 21st Century) maximum temperatures for the Mediterranean Sea. Optimal ecophysiological temperatures for A. preissii, C. cylindracea and L. lallemandii were 25 °C, 27 °C and 29 °C, respectively. Warming below the optimal temperatures enhanced RGR of all studied invasive seaweeds. Although sensitive, seaweed photosynthetic yield was less temperature-dependent than growth. Our results demonstrate that temperature is a key environmental parameter in regulating the ecophysiological performance of these invasive seaweeds and that Mediterranean warming conditions may affect their invasion trajectory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillermo Samperio-Ramos
- Department of Global Change Research, IMEDEA (CSIC-UIB), Institut Mediterrani d'Estudis Avançats, Miquel Marquès 21, 07190 Esporles, Illes Balears, Spain; Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria (ULPGC), Facultad de Ciencias del Mar, 35017 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Ylva S Olsen
- The UWA Oceans Institute and School of Plant Biology, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Fiona Tomas
- Department of Ecology and Marine Resources, IMEDEA (CSIC-UIB), Institut Mediterrani d'Estudis Avançats, Miquel Marquès 21, 07190 Esporles, Illes Balears, Spain; Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Oregon State University, 104 Nash Hall, Corvallis 97331, OR, USA
| | - Núria Marbà
- Department of Global Change Research, IMEDEA (CSIC-UIB), Institut Mediterrani d'Estudis Avançats, Miquel Marquès 21, 07190 Esporles, Illes Balears, Spain.
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García R, Holmer M, Duarte CM, Marbà N. Global warming enhances sulphide stress in a key seagrass species (NW Mediterranean). Glob Chang Biol 2013; 19:3629-3639. [PMID: 24123496 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.12377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2012] [Accepted: 08/15/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The build-up of sulphide concentrations in sediments, resulting from high inputs of organic matter and the mineralization through sulphate reduction, can be lethal to the benthos. Sulphate reduction is temperature dependent, thus global warming may contribute to even higher sulphide concentrations and benthos mortality. The seagrass Posidonia oceanica is very sensitive to sulphide stress. Hence, if concentrations build up with global warming, this key Mediterranean species could be seriously endangered. An 8-year monitoring of daily seawater temperature, the sulphur isotopic signatures of water (δ(34)S(water)), sediment (δ(34)SCRS ) and P. oceanica leaf tissue (δ(34)S(leaves)), along with total sulphur in leaves (TS(leaves)) and annual net population growth along the coast of the Balearic archipelago (Western Mediterranean) allowed us to determine if warming triggers P. oceanica sulphide stress and constrains seagrass survival. From the isotopic S signatures, we estimated sulphide intrusion into the leaves (F(sulphide)) and sulphur incorporation into the leaves from sedimentary sulphides (SS(leaves)). We observed lower δ(34)S(leaves), higher F(sulphide) and SS(leaves) coinciding with a 6-year period when two heat waves were recorded. Warming triggered sulphide stress as evidenced by the negative temperature dependence of δ(34)S(leaves) and the positive one of F(sulphide), TS(leaves) and SS(leaves). Lower P. oceanica net population growth rates were directly related to higher contents of TS(leaves). At equivalent annual maximum sea surface water temperature (SST(max)), deep meadows were less affected by sulphide intrusion than shallow ones. Thus, water depth acts as a protecting mechanism against sulphide intrusion. However, water depth would be insufficient to buffer seagrass sulphide stress triggered by Mediterranean seawater summer temperatures projected for the end of the 21st century even under scenarios of moderate greenhouse gas emissions, A1B. Mediterranean warming, therefore, is expected to enhance P. oceanica sulphide stress, and thus compromise the survival of this key habitat along its entire depth distribution range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa García
- Department of Global Change Research, IMEDEA (CSIC-UIB), Instituto Mediterráneo de Estudios Avanzados, Miquel Marquès 21, Esporles (Balearic Islands), 07190, Spain
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos M. Duarte
- Department of Global Change Research; IMEDEA (UIB-CSIC); Miquel Marqués 21 07190 Esporles Spain
- The UWA Oceans Institute; and School of Plant Biology; University of Western Australia; 35 Stirling Highway Crawley WA 6009 Australia
- Faculty of Marine Sciences; King Abdulaziz University; PO Box 80207 Jeddah 21589 Saudi Arabia
| | - Tomás Sintes
- Instituto de Física Interdisciplinar y Sistemas Complejos; IFISC (UIB-CSIC); Universitat de les Illes Balears; E-07122 Palma de Mallorca Spain
| | - Núria Marbà
- Department of Global Change Research; IMEDEA (UIB-CSIC); Miquel Marqués 21 07190 Esporles Spain
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Del Vecchio S, Marbà N, Acosta A, Vignolo C, Traveset A. Effects of Posidonia oceanica beach-cast on germination, growth and nutrient uptake of coastal dune plants. PLoS One 2013; 8:e70607. [PMID: 23894678 PMCID: PMC3720909 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0070607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2013] [Accepted: 06/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Seagrass meadows play an important role in marine ecosystems. A part of seagrass production is also exported to adjacent coastal terrestrial systems, possibly influencing their functioning. In this work we experimentally analyzed the effect of Posidonia oceanica beach-cast on plant germination, growth, and nutrient uptake of two plant species (Cakile maritima and Elymus farctus) that grow on upper beaches and fore dunes along the Mediterranean coasts. We compared plants growing in simple sand (control) with those growing in a substrate enriched with P. oceanica wrack (treatment) in laboratory. P. oceanica wrack doubled the N substrate pool and kept the substrate humid. Plants growing in the treated substrate grew faster, were twice as large as those growing in the control substrate, while tissues were enriched in N and P (Cakile by the 1.3 fold in N and 2.5 fold in P; Elymus by 1.5 fold in N and 2 fold in P). Our results suggest a positive effect of seagrass litter for the enhancing of dune species, highlighting its role for the conservation of coastal dune ecosystems.
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Krause-Jensen D, Marbà N, Olesen B, Sejr MK, Christensen PB, Rodrigues J, Renaud PE, Balsby TJS, Rysgaard S. Seasonal sea ice cover as principal driver of spatial and temporal variation in depth extension and annual production of kelp in Greenland. Glob Chang Biol 2012; 18:2981-2994. [PMID: 28741817 PMCID: PMC3597251 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2486.2012.02765.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2012] [Revised: 05/23/2012] [Accepted: 05/28/2012] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
We studied the depth distribution and production of kelp along the Greenland coast spanning Arctic to sub-Arctic conditions from 78 ºN to 64 ºN. This covers a wide range of sea ice conditions and water temperatures, with those presently realized in the south likely to move northwards in a warmer future. Kelp forests occurred along the entire latitudinal range, and their depth extension and production increased southwards presumably in response to longer annual ice-free periods and higher water temperature. The depth limit of 10% kelp cover was 9-14 m at the northernmost sites (77-78 ºN) with only 94-133 ice-free days per year, but extended to depths of 21-33 m further south (73 ºN-64 ºN) where >160 days per year were ice-free, and annual production of Saccharina longicruris and S. latissima, measured as the size of the annual blade, ranged up to sevenfold among sites. The duration of the open-water period, which integrates light and temperature conditions on an annual basis, was the best predictor (relative to summer water temperature) of kelp production along the latitude gradient, explaining up to 92% of the variation in depth extension and 80% of the variation in kelp production. In a decadal time series from a high Arctic site (74 ºN), inter-annual variation in sea ice cover also explained a major part (up to 47%) of the variation in kelp production. Both spatial and temporal data sets thereby support the prediction that northern kelps will play a larger role in the coastal marine ecosystem in a warmer future as the length of the open-water period increases. As kelps increase carbon-flow and habitat diversity, an expansion of kelp forests may exert cascading effects on the coastal Arctic ecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorte Krause-Jensen
- Department of Bioscience, Aarhus UniversityVejlsøvej 25, DK-8600, Silkeborg, Denmark
| | - Núria Marbà
- Department of Global Change Research, IMEDEA (CSIC-UIB), Institut Mediterrani d'Estudis AvançatsMiquel Marquès 21, 07190, Esporles (Illes Balears), Spain
| | - Birgit Olesen
- Department of Bioscience, Aarhus UniversityVejlsøvej 25, DK-8600, Silkeborg, Denmark
- Department of Bioscience, Aarhus UniversityOle Worms Allé, Building 1135, DK-8000, Århus C, Denmark
| | - Mikael K Sejr
- Department of Bioscience, Aarhus UniversityVejlsøvej 25, DK-8600, Silkeborg, Denmark
| | | | - João Rodrigues
- Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics, Centre for Mathematical SciencesWilberforce Road, Cambridge, CB3 0WA, United Kingdom
| | - Paul E Renaud
- Fram Centre for Climate and the Environment, Akvaplan-nivaN-9296, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Thorsten JS Balsby
- Department of Bioscience, Aarhus UniversityVejlsøvej 25, DK-8600, Silkeborg, Denmark
| | - Søren Rysgaard
- Greenland Climate Research Centre (Co. Greenland Institute of Natural Resources)Kivioq 2, Box 570, 3900, Nuuk, Greenland
- Centre for Earth Observation Science, CHR Faculty of Environment Earth and Resources, University of Manitoba499 Wallace Building, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
- Arctic Research Center, Aarhus UniversityDK-8000, Århus C, Denmark
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Garcias-Bonet N, Arrieta JM, de Santana CN, Duarte CM, Marbà N. Endophytic bacterial community of a Mediterranean marine angiosperm (Posidonia oceanica). Front Microbiol 2012; 3:342. [PMID: 23049528 PMCID: PMC3448135 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2012.00342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2012] [Accepted: 09/04/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial endophytes are crucial for the survival of many terrestrial plants, but little is known about the presence and importance of bacterial endophytes of marine plants. We conducted a survey of the endophytic bacterial community of the long-living Mediterranean marine angiosperm Posidonia oceanica in surface-sterilized tissues (roots, rhizomes, and leaves) by Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis (DGGE). A total of 26 Posidonia oceanica meadows around the Balearic Islands were sampled, and the band patterns obtained for each meadow were compared for the three sampled tissues. Endophytic bacterial sequences were detected in most of the samples analyzed. A total of 34 OTUs (Operational Taxonomic Units) were detected. The main OTUs of endophytic bacteria present in P. oceanica tissues belonged primarily to Proteobacteria (α, γ, and δ subclasses) and Bacteroidetes. The OTUs found in roots significantly differed from those of rhizomes and leaves. Moreover, some OTUs were found to be associated to each type of tissue. Bipartite network analysis revealed differences in the bacterial endophyte communities present on different islands. The results of this study provide a pioneering step toward the characterization of the endophytic bacterial community associated with tissues of a marine angiosperm and reveal the presence of bacterial endophytes that differed among locations and tissue types.
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Mascaró O, Bennett S, Marbà N, Nikolić V, Romero J, Duarte CM, Alcoverro T. Uncertainty analysis along the ecological quality status of water bodies: the response of the Posidonia oceanica multivariate index (POMI) in three Mediterranean regions. Mar Pollut Bull 2012; 64:926-931. [PMID: 22465057 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2012.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2011] [Revised: 02/16/2012] [Accepted: 03/08/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Uncertainty analyses allow the identification and quantification of the factors that contribute to the potential misclassification of the ecological status of water bodies, helping to improve the sampling design used in monitoring. Here we used a Posidonia oceanica multivariate index (POMI) bio-monitoring dataset covering a total of 81 sites distributed throughout 28 water bodies from the coast of Catalonia, Balearic Islands and Croatia to determine the levels of uncertainty associated with each region and how they change according to the quality status of water bodies. Overall, variability among sites (meadows) within water bodies was the factor that generated the greatest risk of misclassification among the three regions, within which the Balearic Islands had the lowest uncertainty, followed by Croatia and Catalonia. When water bodies classified in good/high quality were separated from those in moderate/poor status classes, we found that the latter displayed higher levels of uncertainty than the former.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oriol Mascaró
- Centre d'Estudis Avançats de Blanes (CSIC), C/d'Accés a la Cala St., Francesc 14, 17300 Blanes, Girona, Spain.
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Aires T, Marbà N, Serrao EA, Duarte CM, Arnaud-Haond S. SELECTIVE ELIMINATION OF CHLOROPLASTIDIAL DNA FOR METAGENOMICS OF BACTERIA ASSOCIATED WITH THE GREEN ALGA CAULERPA TAXIFOLIA (BRYOPSIDOPHYCEAE)(1). J Phycol 2012; 48:483-490. [PMID: 27009738 DOI: 10.1111/j.1529-8817.2012.01124.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Molecular analyses of bacteria associated with photosynthetic organisms are often confounded by coamplification of the chloroplastidial 16S rDNA with the targeted bacterial 16S rDNA. This major problem has hampered progress in the characterization of bacterial communities associated to photosynthetic organisms and has limited the full realization of the potential offered by the last generation of metagenomics approaches. A simple and inexpensive method is presented, based on ethanol and bleach treatments prior to extraction, to efficiently discard a great part of chloroplastidial DNA without affecting the characterization of bacterial communities through pyrosequencing. Its effectiveness for the description of bacterial lineages associated to the green alga Caulerpa taxifolia (M. Vahl) C. Agardh was much higher than that of the preexisting enrichment protocols proposed for plants. Furthermore, this new technique requires a very small amount of biological material compared to the other current protocols, making it more realistic for systematic use in ecological and phylogenetic studies and opening promising prospects for metagenomics of green algae, as shown by our data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tânia Aires
- CCMAR -Center for Marine Sciences, CIMAR, FCT, University of Algarve, Gambelas, P-8005-139, Faro, PortugalDepartment of Global Change Research, IMEDEA (CSIC-UIB) Institut Mediterrani d'Estudis Avançats, Miquel Marques 21, 07190 Esporles, Mallorca, Spain Department of Global Change Research. IMEDEA (CSIC-UIB) Institut Mediterrani d'Estudis Avançats, Miquel Marques 21, 07190 Esporles, Mallorca, Spain The UWA Oceans Institute, University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley 6009, Australia CCMAR - Center for Marine Sciences, CIMAR, FCT, University of Algarve, Gambelas, P-8005-139, Faro, Portugal IFREMER- Technopole de Brest-Iroise BP 70 29280 Plouzané, France
| | - Núria Marbà
- CCMAR -Center for Marine Sciences, CIMAR, FCT, University of Algarve, Gambelas, P-8005-139, Faro, PortugalDepartment of Global Change Research, IMEDEA (CSIC-UIB) Institut Mediterrani d'Estudis Avançats, Miquel Marques 21, 07190 Esporles, Mallorca, Spain Department of Global Change Research. IMEDEA (CSIC-UIB) Institut Mediterrani d'Estudis Avançats, Miquel Marques 21, 07190 Esporles, Mallorca, Spain The UWA Oceans Institute, University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley 6009, Australia CCMAR - Center for Marine Sciences, CIMAR, FCT, University of Algarve, Gambelas, P-8005-139, Faro, Portugal IFREMER- Technopole de Brest-Iroise BP 70 29280 Plouzané, France
| | - Ester A Serrao
- CCMAR -Center for Marine Sciences, CIMAR, FCT, University of Algarve, Gambelas, P-8005-139, Faro, PortugalDepartment of Global Change Research, IMEDEA (CSIC-UIB) Institut Mediterrani d'Estudis Avançats, Miquel Marques 21, 07190 Esporles, Mallorca, Spain Department of Global Change Research. IMEDEA (CSIC-UIB) Institut Mediterrani d'Estudis Avançats, Miquel Marques 21, 07190 Esporles, Mallorca, Spain The UWA Oceans Institute, University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley 6009, Australia CCMAR - Center for Marine Sciences, CIMAR, FCT, University of Algarve, Gambelas, P-8005-139, Faro, Portugal IFREMER- Technopole de Brest-Iroise BP 70 29280 Plouzané, France
| | - Carlos M Duarte
- CCMAR -Center for Marine Sciences, CIMAR, FCT, University of Algarve, Gambelas, P-8005-139, Faro, PortugalDepartment of Global Change Research, IMEDEA (CSIC-UIB) Institut Mediterrani d'Estudis Avançats, Miquel Marques 21, 07190 Esporles, Mallorca, Spain Department of Global Change Research. IMEDEA (CSIC-UIB) Institut Mediterrani d'Estudis Avançats, Miquel Marques 21, 07190 Esporles, Mallorca, Spain The UWA Oceans Institute, University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley 6009, Australia CCMAR - Center for Marine Sciences, CIMAR, FCT, University of Algarve, Gambelas, P-8005-139, Faro, Portugal IFREMER- Technopole de Brest-Iroise BP 70 29280 Plouzané, France
| | - Sophie Arnaud-Haond
- CCMAR -Center for Marine Sciences, CIMAR, FCT, University of Algarve, Gambelas, P-8005-139, Faro, PortugalDepartment of Global Change Research, IMEDEA (CSIC-UIB) Institut Mediterrani d'Estudis Avançats, Miquel Marques 21, 07190 Esporles, Mallorca, Spain Department of Global Change Research. IMEDEA (CSIC-UIB) Institut Mediterrani d'Estudis Avançats, Miquel Marques 21, 07190 Esporles, Mallorca, Spain The UWA Oceans Institute, University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley 6009, Australia CCMAR - Center for Marine Sciences, CIMAR, FCT, University of Algarve, Gambelas, P-8005-139, Faro, Portugal IFREMER- Technopole de Brest-Iroise BP 70 29280 Plouzané, France
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Arnaud-Haond S, Duarte CM, Diaz-Almela E, Marbà N, Sintes T, Serrão EA. Implications of extreme life span in clonal organisms: millenary clones in meadows of the threatened seagrass Posidonia oceanica. PLoS One 2012; 7:e30454. [PMID: 22312426 PMCID: PMC3270012 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0030454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2011] [Accepted: 12/16/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The maximum size and age that clonal organisms can reach remains poorly known, although we do know that the largest natural clones can extend over hundreds or thousands of metres and potentially live for centuries. We made a review of findings to date, which reveal that the maximum clone age and size estimates reported in the literature are typically limited by the scale of sampling, and may grossly underestimate the maximum age and size of clonal organisms. A case study presented here shows the occurrence of clones of slow-growing marine angiosperm Posidonia oceanica at spatial scales ranging from metres to hundreds of kilometres, using microsatellites on 1544 sampling units from a total of 40 locations across the Mediterranean Sea. This analysis revealed the presence, with a prevalence of 3.5 to 8.9%, of very large clones spreading over one to several (up to 15) kilometres at the different locations. Using estimates from field studies and models of the clonal growth of P. oceanica, we estimated these large clones to be hundreds to thousands of years old, suggesting the evolution of general purpose genotypes with large phenotypic plasticity in this species. These results, obtained combining genetics, demography and model-based calculations, question present knowledge and understanding of the spreading capacity and life span of plant clones. These findings call for further research on these life history traits associated with clonality, considering their possible ecological and evolutionary implications.
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Duarte CM, Agustí S, Wassmann P, Arrieta JM, Alcaraz M, Coello A, Marbà N, Hendriks IE, Holding J, García-Zarandona I, Kritzberg E, Vaqué D. Tipping elements in the Arctic marine ecosystem. Ambio 2012; 41:44-55. [PMID: 22270704 PMCID: PMC3357823 DOI: 10.1007/s13280-011-0224-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The Arctic marine ecosystem contains multiple elements that present alternative states. The most obvious of which is an Arctic Ocean largely covered by an ice sheet in summer versus one largely devoid of such cover. Ecosystems under pressure typically shift between such alternative states in an abrupt, rather than smooth manner, with the level of forcing required for shifting this status termed threshold or tipping point. Loss of Arctic ice due to anthropogenic climate change is accelerating, with the extent of Arctic sea ice displaying increased variance at present, a leading indicator of the proximity of a possible tipping point. Reduced ice extent is expected, in turn, to trigger a number of additional tipping elements, physical, chemical, and biological, in motion, with potentially large impacts on the Arctic marine ecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos M. Duarte
- IMEDEA (CSIC-UIB), Instituto Mediterráneo de Estudios Avanzados Miquel Marqués 21, 07190 Esporles, Mallorca, Spain
- The UWA Oceans Institute, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009 Australia
| | - Susana Agustí
- IMEDEA (CSIC-UIB), Instituto Mediterráneo de Estudios Avanzados Miquel Marqués 21, 07190 Esporles, Mallorca, Spain
- The UWA Oceans Institute and School of Plant Biology, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009 Australia
| | - Paul Wassmann
- Department of Arctic and Marine Biology, Faculty of Bioscience, Fishery and Economy, University of Tromsø, 9037 Tromsø, Norway
| | - Jesús M. Arrieta
- IMEDEA (CSIC-UIB), Instituto Mediterráneo de Estudios Avanzados Miquel Marqués 21, 07190 Esporles, Mallorca, Spain
| | - Miquel Alcaraz
- Institut de Ciéncies del Mar, CSIC, Passeig Maritim de la Barceloneta 37-49, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alexandra Coello
- IMEDEA (CSIC-UIB), Instituto Mediterráneo de Estudios Avanzados Miquel Marqués 21, 07190 Esporles, Mallorca, Spain
| | - Núria Marbà
- IMEDEA (CSIC-UIB), Instituto Mediterráneo de Estudios Avanzados Miquel Marqués 21, 07190 Esporles, Mallorca, Spain
| | - Iris E. Hendriks
- IMEDEA (CSIC-UIB), Instituto Mediterráneo de Estudios Avanzados Miquel Marqués 21, 07190 Esporles, Mallorca, Spain
| | - Johnna Holding
- IMEDEA (CSIC-UIB), Instituto Mediterráneo de Estudios Avanzados Miquel Marqués 21, 07190 Esporles, Mallorca, Spain
| | - Iñigo García-Zarandona
- IMEDEA (CSIC-UIB), Instituto Mediterráneo de Estudios Avanzados Miquel Marqués 21, 07190 Esporles, Mallorca, Spain
| | - Emma Kritzberg
- Department of Biology, Lund University Ecology Building, Sölvegatan 37, 223 62 Lund, Sweden
| | - Dolors Vaqué
- Institut de Ciéncies del Mar, CSIC, Passeig Maritim de la Barceloneta 37-49, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
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Carstensen J, Sánchez-Camacho M, Duarte CM, Krause-Jensen D, Marbà N. Connecting the dots: responses of coastal ecosystems to changing nutrient concentrations. Environ Sci Technol 2011; 45:9122-9132. [PMID: 21958109 PMCID: PMC3205598 DOI: 10.1021/es202351y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2010] [Revised: 09/23/2011] [Accepted: 09/29/2011] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Empirical relationships between phytoplankton biomass and nutrient concentrations established across a wide range of different ecosystems constitute fundamental quantitative tools for predicting effects of nutrient management plans. Nutrient management plans based on such relationships, mostly established over trends of increasing rather than decreasing nutrient concentrations, assume full reversibility of coastal eutrophication. Monitoring data from 28 ecosystems located in four well-studied regions were analyzed to study the generality of chlorophyll a versus nutrient relationships and their applicability for ecosystem management. We demonstrate significant differences across regions as well as between specific coastal ecosystems within regions in the response of chlorophyll a to changing nitrogen concentrations. We also show that the chlorophyll a versus nitrogen relationships over time constitute convoluted trajectories rather than simple unique relationships. The ratio of chlorophyll a to total nitrogen almost doubled over the last 30-40 years across all regions. The uniformity of these trends, or shifting baselines, suggest they may result from large-scale changes, possibly associated with global climate change and increasing human stress on coastal ecosystems. Ecosystem management must, therefore, develop adaptation strategies to face shifting baselines and maintain ecosystem services at a sustainable level rather than striving to restore an ecosystem state of the past.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob Carstensen
- Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark.
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Tovar-Sánchez A, Serón J, Marbà N, Arrieta JM, Duarte CM. Long-term records of trace metal content of western Mediterranean seagrass (Posidonia oceanica) meadows: Natural and anthropogenic contributions. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1029/2009jg001076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Tovar-Sánchez
- Department of Global Change Research; Instituto Mediterráneo de Estudios Avanzados; Esporles Spain
| | - Juan Serón
- Department of Global Change Research; Instituto Mediterráneo de Estudios Avanzados; Esporles Spain
| | - Núria Marbà
- Department of Global Change Research; Instituto Mediterráneo de Estudios Avanzados; Esporles Spain
| | - Jesús M. Arrieta
- Department of Global Change Research; Instituto Mediterráneo de Estudios Avanzados; Esporles Spain
| | - Carlos M. Duarte
- Department of Global Change Research; Instituto Mediterráneo de Estudios Avanzados; Esporles Spain
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Díaz-Almela E, Marbà N, Alvarez E, Santiago R, Holmer M, Grau A, Mirto S, Danovaro R, Petrou A, Argyrou M, Karakassis I, Duarte CM. Benthic input rates predict seagrass (Posidonia oceanica) fish farm-induced decline. Mar Pollut Bull 2008; 56:1332-1342. [PMID: 18511087 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2008.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2007] [Revised: 02/18/2008] [Accepted: 03/16/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Fish farms represent a growing source of anthropogenic disturbance to benthic communities, and efficient predictors of such impacts are urgently needed. We explored the effects of fish farm benthic organic and nutrient inputs on the population dynamics of a key seagrass species (Posidonia oceanica) in four Mediterranean deep meadows adjacent to sea bream and sea bass farms. We performed two annual plant censuses on permanent plots at increasing distance from farms and measured benthic sedimentation rates around plots. High shoot mortality rates were recorded near the cages, up to 20 times greater than at control sites. Recruitment rates increased in variability but could not compensate mortality, leading to rapid seagrass decline within the first 100 m from cages. Seagrass mortality increased with total sedimentation rates (K=0.55, p<0.0002), and with organic matter (K=0.50, p=0.001), total nitrogen (K=0.46, p=0.002) and total phosphorus (K=0.56, p<3.10(-5)) inputs. P. oceanica decline accelerated above a phosphorus loading threshold of 50mg m(-2)day(-1). Phosphorus benthic sedimentation rate seems a powerful predictor of seagrass mortality from fish farming. Coupling direct measurements of benthic sedimentation rates with dynamics of key benthic species is proposed as an efficient strategy to predict fish farm impacts to benthic communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Díaz-Almela
- Interdisciplinary Oceanography Group (GOI), IMEDEA (CSIC-UIB), C/Miquel Marqués No. 21, 07190 Esporles, Spain.
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Abstract
Plant mortality and birth rates are critical components of plant life history affecting the stability of plant populations and the ecosystems they form. Although allometric theory predicts that both plant birth and mortality rates should be size-dependent, this prediction has not yet been tested across plants ranging the full size spectrum. Here we show that both population mortality and population birth rates scale as the -(1/4) power and plant lifespan as the (1/4) power of plant mass across plant species spanning from the tiniest phototrophs to the largest trees. Whereas the controls on plant lifespans are as yet poorly understood, our findings suggest that plant mortality rates have evolved to match population birth rates, thereby helping to maintain plant communities in equilibrium and optimizing plant life histories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Núria Marbà
- Instituto Mediterráneo de Estudios Avanzados, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universitat de les Illes Balears, Miquel Marquès 21, 07190 Esporles, Spain.
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Marbà N, Calleja ML, Duarte CM, Álvarez E, Díaz-Almela E, Holmer M. Iron Additions Reduce Sulfide Intrusion and Reverse Seagrass (Posidonia oceanica) Decline in Carbonate Sediments. Ecosystems 2007. [DOI: 10.1007/s10021-007-9053-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Marbà N, Hemminga MA, Duarte CM. Resource translocation within seagrass clones: allometric scaling to plant size and productivity. Oecologia 2006; 150:362-72. [PMID: 16944245 DOI: 10.1007/s00442-006-0524-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2005] [Accepted: 07/27/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The allometric scaling of resource demand and translocation within seagrass clones to plant size (i.e. shoot mass and rhizome diameter), shoot production and leaf turnover was examined in situ in eight seagrass species (Cymodocea nodosa, Cymodocea serrulata, Halophila stipulacea, Halodule uninervis, Posidonia oceanica, Thalassodendron ciliatum, Thalassia hemprichii and Zostera noltii), encompassing most of the size range present in seagrass flora. One fully developed shoot on each experimental rhizome was incubated for 2-3 h with a pulse of NaH(13)CO(3) (235 micromol) and (15)NH(4)Cl (40 micromol). The mobilisation of incorporated tracers across the clone was examined 4 days later. Carbon and nitrogen demand for shoot production across seagrass species scaled at half of the shoot mass, whereas seagrass leaves incorporated tracers ((13)C and (15)N) at rates proportional to the shoot mass. The shoots of all seagrass species shared resources with neighbours, particularly with younger ones. The time scales of physiological integration and the absolute amount of resources shared by seagrass ramets scaled at 2.5 power of the rhizome diameter. Hence, the ramets of larger species were physiologically connected for longer time scales and share larger absolute amounts of resources with neighbours than those of smaller species. The different pattern of resource translocation exhibited by seagrasses helps explain the ecological role displayed by these species and the success of large seagrasses colonising nutrient-poor coastal areas, where they often dominate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Núria Marbà
- Center for Estuarine and Coastal Ecology, Netherlands Institute for Ecology, Korringaweg 7, 4401 NT, Yerseke, The Netherlands.
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Marbà N, Duarte CM, Díaz-Almela E, Terrados J, Álvarez E, Martínez R, Santiago R, Gacia E, Grau AM. Direct evidence of imbalanced seagrass (Posidonia oceanica) shoot population dynamics in the Spanish Mediterranean. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02732753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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