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Bosoteanu M, Deacu M, Aschie M, Vamesu S, Cozaru GC, Mitroi AF, Voda RI, Orasanu CI, Vlad SE, Penciu RC, Chirila SI. The Role of Pathogenesis Associated with the Tumor Microclimate in the Differential Diagnosis of Uterine Myocytic Tumors. J Clin Med 2023; 12:4161. [PMID: 37373854 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12124161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Myocytic tumors of the uterus present vast morphological heterogeneity, which makes differential diagnosis between the different entities necessary. This study aims to enrich the existing data and highlight new potential therapeutic targets regarding aspects related to the pathogenic process and the tumor microenvironment in order to improve the quality of life of women. We performed a 5-year retrospective study, including particular cases of uterine myocyte tumors. Immunohistochemical analyses of pathogenic pathways (p53, RB1, and PTEN) and tumor microclimate using markers (CD8, PD-L1, and CD105), as well as genetic testing of the PTEN gene, were performed. The data were statistically analyzed using the appropriate parameters. In cases of atypical leiomyoma, a significant association was observed between PTEN deletion and an increased number of PD-L1+ T lymphocytes. For malignant lesions and STUMP, PTEN deletion was associated with the advanced disease stage. Advanced cases were also associated with an increased mean CD8+ T cell count. An increased number of lymphocytes was associated with an increased percentage of RB1+ nuclei. The study corroborated clinical and histogenetic data, highlighting the importance of the differential diagnosis of these tumors to improve the management of patients and increase their quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madalina Bosoteanu
- Clinical Service of Pathology, Department of Pathology, "Sf. Apostol Andrei" Emergency County Hospital, 900591 Constanta, Romania
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, "Ovidius" University of Constanţa, 900527 Constanta, Romania
| | - Mariana Deacu
- Clinical Service of Pathology, Department of Pathology, "Sf. Apostol Andrei" Emergency County Hospital, 900591 Constanta, Romania
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, "Ovidius" University of Constanţa, 900527 Constanta, Romania
| | - Mariana Aschie
- Clinical Service of Pathology, Department of Pathology, "Sf. Apostol Andrei" Emergency County Hospital, 900591 Constanta, Romania
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, "Ovidius" University of Constanţa, 900527 Constanta, Romania
- Academy of Medical Sciences of Romania, 030171 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Sorin Vamesu
- Clinical Service of Pathology, Department of Pathology, "Sf. Apostol Andrei" Emergency County Hospital, 900591 Constanta, Romania
| | - Georgeta Camelia Cozaru
- Center for Research and Development of the Morphological and Genetic Studies of Malignant Pathology-CEDMOG, "Ovidius" University of Constanţa, 900591 Constanta, Romania
- Clinical Service of Pathology, Department of Genetics, "Sf. Apostol Andrei" Emergency County Hospital, 900591 Constanta, Romania
| | - Anca Florentina Mitroi
- Center for Research and Development of the Morphological and Genetic Studies of Malignant Pathology-CEDMOG, "Ovidius" University of Constanţa, 900591 Constanta, Romania
- Clinical Service of Pathology, Department of Genetics, "Sf. Apostol Andrei" Emergency County Hospital, 900591 Constanta, Romania
| | - Raluca Ioana Voda
- Clinical Service of Pathology, Department of Pathology, "Sf. Apostol Andrei" Emergency County Hospital, 900591 Constanta, Romania
- Center for Research and Development of the Morphological and Genetic Studies of Malignant Pathology-CEDMOG, "Ovidius" University of Constanţa, 900591 Constanta, Romania
| | - Cristian Ionut Orasanu
- Clinical Service of Pathology, Department of Pathology, "Sf. Apostol Andrei" Emergency County Hospital, 900591 Constanta, Romania
- Center for Research and Development of the Morphological and Genetic Studies of Malignant Pathology-CEDMOG, "Ovidius" University of Constanţa, 900591 Constanta, Romania
| | - Sabina Elena Vlad
- Center for Research and Development of the Morphological and Genetic Studies of Malignant Pathology-CEDMOG, "Ovidius" University of Constanţa, 900591 Constanta, Romania
| | - Roxana Cleopatra Penciu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, "Ovidius" University of Constanţa, 900527 Constanta, Romania
| | - Sergiu Ioachim Chirila
- Department of Medical Informatics and Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, Ovidius University, 900527 Constanta, Romania
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Yurtal Z, Kulualp K, Ozkan H, Micili SC, Dogan H, Sisman AR, Ersoy N, Kizmazoglu C, Yakan A. Protective and Therapeutic Effects of Bovine Amniotic Fluids Collected in Different Trimesters on the Epidural Fibrosis After Experimental Laminectomy in Rats. World Neurosurg 2023; 171:e722-e730. [PMID: 36608801 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2022.12.092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to investigate the protective and therapeutic effects of bovine amniotic fluid (BAF) on the inhibition of epidural fibrosis (EF) after experimental laminectomy. METHODS Forty female Sprague Dawley rats were used. The amniotic fluids were collected from each trimester of a pregnant cow. The rats were divided into 5 groups. Whereas no laminectomy was applied to the control group, animals in the sham group underwent laminectomy. Laminectomy was performed in the animals in other groups and the operation area was closed by dripping 1 mL of BAF collected in 3 trimesters of pregnancy. Animals were killed 28 days after the operation. RESULTS Compared with control, VEGF gene expression levels were downregulated approximately 5-fold in BAF-2. Whereas IL-6 was upregulated approximately 8-fold in the sham, it was downregulated 5-fold and 3-fold in BAF-1 and BAF-2, respectively. There was downregulation in BAF-2 and BAF-3 in terms of CD105 gene expression levels. TGFβ1 was upregulated approximately 2-fold in the sham group and downregulated in BAF-1 and BAF-2. Although histopathologic alterations including EF grade and fibroblast cell density were found to increase in the sham group, all BAF treatment decreased those of alterations. The highest CD105 immunoreactivity was detected in the sham group. All BAF treatment markedly aggravated fibrosis via decreasing CD105 immunoreactivity. In terms of grading parameters, almost the closest grades to the control were determined in the BAF-2. BAF collected in the second trimester is most effective in healing of scar tissue and preventing fibrosis via decreasing microvessel and fibroblast densities. CONCLUSIONS The results indicate that BAF may be used as a potential protective agent to prevent EF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziya Yurtal
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hatay Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Turkey.
| | - Kadri Kulualp
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Huseyin Ozkan
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hatay Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Turkey
| | - Serap Cilaker Micili
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Halef Dogan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Tekirdag Namık Kemal University, Turkey
| | - Ali Riza Sisman
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Nevin Ersoy
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Ceren Kizmazoglu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Akin Yakan
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hatay Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Turkey
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Bastos AGP, Carvalho B, Silva R, Leitão D, Linhares P, Vaz R, Lima J. Endoglin (CD105) and proliferation index in recurrent glioblastoma treated with anti-angiogenic therapy. Front Oncol 2022; 12:910196. [PMID: 36147918 PMCID: PMC9486379 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.910196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction CD105 is an angiogenic biomarker that is useful to determine the microvessel density (MVD) within a tumor, namely, in highly vascularized tumors like glioblastoma (GBM). However, its expression has shown inconsistent associations with the prognosis of GBM patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the value of MVD-CD105 (microvessel density assessed with anti-CD105 antibody) and Ki-67 (proliferation index marker) as prognostic and therapy response biomarkers, specifically in primary tumors and in recurrent tumoral specimens of a cohort of GBM patients treated with bevacizumab upon recurrence. Materials and methods We conducted a retrospective study of 102 consecutive GBM patients treated with bevacizumab upon recurrence at CHUSJ between 2010 and 2017. Demographic, clinical, and survival data of all patients were collected and analyzed. The tissue expression of MVD-CD105 and Ki-67 in primary and recurrent specimens was correlated with progression-free survival after temozolomide (PFS-1), progression-free survival after bevacizumab (PFS-2), and overall survival (OS). Results The immunohistochemical expression score for MVD-CD105 was similar in primary and recurrent tumoral specimens (mean scores of 15 and 16, respectively). Likewise, the mean Ki-67 expression was similar in primary (mean of 31% of tumor cells) and recurrent tumoral specimens (mean of 29% of tumor cells). MVD-CD105 expression in primary tumors had no impact on PFS-1, PFS-2, or OS. At recurrence, patients whose tumors showed increased MVD-CD105 had worse median PFS-2 (2 vs. 8 months, p = 0.045) and OS (17 vs. 26 months, p = 0.007) compared to those whose tumors showed lower MVD-CD105. CD105 tumoral pattern and localization had no impact on prognosis. Ki-67 expression was not associated with differences in survival outcomes. Conclusion In this study, higher MVD-CD105 expression in recurrent GBM patients seems to be associated with a worse PFS-2 and OS while portending no prognostic significance in the primary tumors. This highlights the importance of keeping track of the molecular evolution of the tumor over the course of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bruno Carvalho
- Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Department of Neurosurgery, Centro Hospitalar Universitário S. João, Porto, Portugal
- Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (i3S), R. Alfredo Allen Porto, Porto, Portugal
- *Correspondence: Bruno Carvalho,
| | - Roberto Silva
- Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Department of Pathology, Centro Hospitalar Universitário S. João, Porto, Portugal
| | - Dina Leitão
- Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Paulo Linhares
- Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Department of Neurosurgery, Centro Hospitalar Universitário S. João, Porto, Portugal
- Neurosciences Center-CUF Hospital, Porto, Portugal
| | - Rui Vaz
- Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Department of Neurosurgery, Centro Hospitalar Universitário S. João, Porto, Portugal
- Neurosciences Center-CUF Hospital, Porto, Portugal
| | - Jorge Lima
- Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (i3S), R. Alfredo Allen Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology, University of Porto (Ipatimup), Porto, Portugal
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Li L, Zhong L, Tang C, Gan L, Mo T, Na J, He J, Huang Y. CD105: tumor diagnosis, prognostic marker and future tumor therapeutic target. Clin Transl Oncol 2022; 24:1447-1458. [PMID: 35165838 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-022-02792-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is one of the diseases with the highest morbidity and mortality rates worldwide, and its therapeutic options are inadequate. The endothelial glycoprotein, also known as CD105, is a type I transmembrane glycoprotein located on the surface of the cell membranes and it is one of the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) receptor complexes. It regulates the responses associated with binding to transforming growth factor β1 egg (Activin-A), bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2), and bone morphogenetic protein 7 (BMP-7). Additionally, it is involved in the regulation of angiogenesis. This glycoprotein is indispensable in the treatment of tumor angiogenesis, and it also plays a leading role in tumor angiogenesis therapy. Therefore, CD105 is considered to be a novel therapeutic target. In this study, we explored the significance of CD105 in the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of various tumors, and provided evidence for the effect and mechanism of CD105 on tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Li
- National Center for International Research of Bio-Targeting Theranostics, Collaborative Innovation Center for Targeting Tumor Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangxi Talent Highland of Bio-Targeting Theranostics, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
- Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Liping Zhong
- National Center for International Research of Bio-Targeting Theranostics, Collaborative Innovation Center for Targeting Tumor Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangxi Talent Highland of Bio-Targeting Theranostics, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
- Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Chao Tang
- National Center for International Research of Bio-Targeting Theranostics, Collaborative Innovation Center for Targeting Tumor Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangxi Talent Highland of Bio-Targeting Theranostics, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
- Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Lu Gan
- National Center for International Research of Bio-Targeting Theranostics, Collaborative Innovation Center for Targeting Tumor Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangxi Talent Highland of Bio-Targeting Theranostics, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
- Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Tong Mo
- National Center for International Research of Bio-Targeting Theranostics, Collaborative Innovation Center for Targeting Tumor Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangxi Talent Highland of Bio-Targeting Theranostics, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
- Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Jintong Na
- National Center for International Research of Bio-Targeting Theranostics, Collaborative Innovation Center for Targeting Tumor Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangxi Talent Highland of Bio-Targeting Theranostics, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
- Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Jian He
- National Center for International Research of Bio-Targeting Theranostics, Collaborative Innovation Center for Targeting Tumor Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangxi Talent Highland of Bio-Targeting Theranostics, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
- Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Yong Huang
- National Center for International Research of Bio-Targeting Theranostics, Collaborative Innovation Center for Targeting Tumor Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangxi Talent Highland of Bio-Targeting Theranostics, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China.
- Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China.
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Galanis E, Anderson SK, Twohy E, Butowski NA, Hormigo A, Schiff D, Omuro A, Jaeckle KA, Kumar S, Kaufmann TJ, Geyer S, Kumthekar PU, Campian J, Giannini C, Buckner JC, Wen PY. Phase I/randomized phase II trial of TRC105 plus bevacizumab versus bevacizumab in recurrent glioblastoma: North Central Cancer Treatment Group N1174 (Alliance). Neurooncol Adv 2022; 4:vdac041. [PMID: 35664553 PMCID: PMC9154335 DOI: 10.1093/noajnl/vdac041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Patients with glioblastoma (GBM) have a poor prognosis and limited effective treatment options. Bevacizumab has been approved for treatment of recurrent GBM, but there is questionable survival benefit. Based on preclinical and early clinical data indicating that CD105 upregulation may represent a mechanism of resistance to bevacizumab, we hypothesized that combining bevacizumab with the anti-CD105 antibody TRC105 may improve efficacy in recurrent GBM. Methods Phase I dose-escalation/comparative randomized phase II trial in patients with GBM. During phase I, the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of TRC105 in combination with bevacizumab was determined. In phase II, patients were randomized 1:1 to TRC105 and bevacizumab or bevacizumab monotherapy. Patients received TRC105 (10 mg/kg) weekly and bevacizumab (10 mg/kg) every 2 weeks. Efficacy, as assessed by progression-free survival (PFS), was the primary endpoint; safety, quality of life, and correlative outcomes were also evaluated. Results In total, 15 patients were enrolled in phase I and 101 in phase II; 52 patients were randomized to TRC105 with bevacizumab and 49 to bevacizumab monotherapy. The MTD was determined to be 10 mg/kg TRC105 weekly plus bevacizumab 10 mg/kg every 2 weeks. An increased occurrence of grade ≥3 adverse events was seen in the combination arm, including higher incidences of anemia. Median PFS was similar in both treatment arms: 2.9 months for combination versus 3.2 months for bevacizumab monotherapy (HR = 1.16, 95% CI = 0.75-1.78, P = .51). Quality of life scores were similar for both treatment arms. Conclusions TRC105 in combination with bevacizumab was well tolerated in patients with recurrent GBM, but no difference in efficacy was observed compared to bevacizumab monotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evanthia Galanis
- Department of Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
- Department of Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
- Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - S Keith Anderson
- Alliance Statistics and Data Management Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Erin Twohy
- Alliance Statistics and Data Management Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Nicholas A Butowski
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Adilia Hormigo
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, The Tisch Cancer Institute, New York, New York, USA
| | - David Schiff
- Department of Neurology, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Antonio Omuro
- Department of Neurology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Kurt A Jaeckle
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | - Shaji Kumar
- Department of Hematology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
- Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Timothy J Kaufmann
- Department of Neuroradiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
- Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Susan Geyer
- Alliance Statistics and Data Management Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Priya U Kumthekar
- Northwestern Medicine, Lou and Jean Malnati Brain Tumor Institute, Chicago Illinois, USA
| | - Jian Campian
- Washington University School of Medicine, Siteman Cancer Center, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | | | - Jan C Buckner
- Department of Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
- Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Patrick Y Wen
- Center for Neuro-Oncology, Dana-Farber/Partners Cancer Care, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Choueiri TK, Zakharia Y, Pal S, Kocsis J, Pachynski R, Poprach A, Nixon AB, Liu Y, Starr M, Lyu J, Owzar K, deShazo M, Lara P, Geczi L, Ho TH, Walsh M, Adams B, Robertson L, Darif M, Theuer C, Agarwal N. Clinical Results and Biomarker Analyses of Axitinib and TRC105 versus Axitinib Alone in Patients with Advanced or Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma (TRAXAR). Oncologist 2021; 26:560-e1103. [PMID: 33829609 DOI: 10.1002/onco.13777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
LESSONS LEARNED The combination of carotuximab with axitinib did not provide a benefit over axitinib monotherapy in patients with metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma who had previously progressed on one or more vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-targeted therapies. Exploratory evaluation of pretreatment circulating biomarkers suggested the combination might benefit patients who have low baseline VEGF levels. BACKGROUND Endoglin is an angiogenic receptor expressed on proliferating tumor vessels and renal cell carcinoma (RCC) stem cells that is implicated as a mechanism of resistance to vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) inhibitors. This study evaluated an antiendoglin monoclonal antibody (carotuximab, TRC105) combined with axitinib in patients with advanced or metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma (mccRCC) who had progressed following one or more prior VEGF inhibitors. METHODS TRAXAR was a multicenter, international randomized 1:1 (stratified by ECOG, 0 vs. 1), phase II study of carotuximab combined with axitinib versus axitinib alone in mccRCC patients who had progressed following one or more prior VEGF inhibitors. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS) assessed by independent central review (ICR) per RECIST 1.1 RESULTS: A total of 150 patients were randomized. The combination therapy resulted in shorter median PFS by RECIST 1.1 than axitinib monotherapy (6.7 vs. 11.4 months). The combination was tolerated similarly to axitinib monotherapy, and there were no treatment related deaths. Exploratory evaluation of pretreatment circulating biomarkers suggested the combination might benefit patients who have low baseline VEGF levels. CONCLUSION The combination of carotuximab with axitinib did not demonstrate additional efficacy over single agent axitinib in patients with mccRCC who progressed following one or more prior VEGF inhibitor treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yousef Zakharia
- University of Iowa, Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Sumanta Pal
- City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California, USA
| | - Judit Kocsis
- Bács-Kiskun County Hospital, Oncoradiology Center, Kecskemét, Hungary
| | - Russell Pachynski
- Division of Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Alexandr Poprach
- Department of Comprehensive Cancer Care and Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute and Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Andrew B Nixon
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North, Carolina, USA
| | - Yingmiao Liu
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North, Carolina, USA
| | - Mark Starr
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North, Carolina, USA
| | - Jing Lyu
- Graduate Group in Biostatistics, University of California Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Kouros Owzar
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Mollie deShazo
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Primo Lara
- University of California, Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, California, USA
| | - Lajos Geczi
- Országos Onkológiai Intézet, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Thai H Ho
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, Arizona, USA
| | - Meghara Walsh
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Bonne Adams
- TRACON Pharmaceuticals, Inc., San Diego, California, USA
| | - Liz Robertson
- TRACON Pharmaceuticals, Inc., San Diego, California, USA
| | - Mohamed Darif
- TRACON Pharmaceuticals, Inc., San Diego, California, USA
| | - Charles Theuer
- TRACON Pharmaceuticals, Inc., San Diego, California, USA
| | - Neeraj Agarwal
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
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Ollauri-Ibáñez C, Ayuso-Íñigo B, Pericacho M. Hot and Cold Tumors: Is Endoglin (CD105) a Potential Target for Vessel Normalization? Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:1552. [PMID: 33800564 PMCID: PMC8038031 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13071552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumors are complex masses formed by malignant but also by normal cells. The interaction between these cells via cytokines, chemokines, growth factors, and enzymes that remodel the extracellular matrix (ECM) constitutes the tumor microenvironment (TME). This TME can be determinant in the prognosis and the response to some treatments such as immunotherapy. Depending on their TME, two types of tumors can be defined: hot tumors, characterized by an immunosupportive TME and a good response to immunotherapy; and cold tumors, which respond poorly to this therapy and are characterized by an immunosuppressive TME. A therapeutic strategy that has been shown to be useful for the conversion of cold tumors into hot tumors is vascular normalization. In this review we propose that endoglin (CD105) may be a useful target of this strategy since it is involved in the three main processes involved in the generation of the TME: angiogenesis, inflammation, and cancer-associated fibroblast (CAF) accumulation. Moreover, the analysis of endoglin expression in tumors, which is already used in the clinic to study the microvascular density and that is associated with worse prognosis, could be used to predict a patient's response to immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Miguel Pericacho
- Renal and Cardiovascular Research Unit, Group of Physiopathology of the Vascular Endothelium (ENDOVAS), Biomedical Research Institute of Salamanca (IBSAL), Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (C.O.-I.); (B.A.-Í.)
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Abstract
Microvascular proliferation is a key feature of glioblastoma and neovascularization has been implicated in tumor progression. Glioblastomas use pro-angiogenic factors such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) for new blood vessel formation. Yet, anti-VEGF therapy does not prolong overall survival so that alternative angiogenic pathways may need to be explored as drug targets. Both glioma cells and glioma-associated endothelial cells produce TGF-β superfamily ligands which bind TGF-β receptors (TGF-βR). The TGF-βR type III endoglin (CD105), is a marker of proliferating endothelium that has already been studied as a potential therapeutic target. We studied endoglin expression in glioblastoma tissue and in glioma-associated endothelial cells in a cohort of 52 newly diagnosed and 10 recurrent glioblastoma patients by immunohistochemistry and by ex vivo single-cell gene expression profiling of 6 tumors. Endoglin protein levels were similar in tumor stroma and endothelium and correlated within tumors. Similarly, endoglin mRNA determined by ex vivo single-cell gene expression profiling was expressed in both compartments. There was positive correlation between endoglin and proteins of TGF-β superfamily signaling. No prognostic role of endoglin expression in either compartment was identified. Endoglin gene silencing in T98G glioma cells and in human cerebral microvascular endothelial cells (hCMEC) did not affect constitutive or exogenous TGF-β superfamily ligand-dependent signaling, except for a minor facilitation of pSmad1/5 signaling in hCMEC. These observations challenge the notion that endoglin might become a promising therapeutic target in glioblastoma.
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Komaki S, Sugita Y, Furuta T, Yamada K, Moritsubo M, Abe H, Akiba J, Miyagi N, Nakamura H, Miyoshi H, Ohshima K, Morioka M. Expression of GLUT1 in Pseudopalisaded and Perivascular Tumor Cells Is an Independent Prognostic Factor for Patients With Glioblastomas. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 2020; 78:389-397. [PMID: 30990881 PMCID: PMC6467190 DOI: 10.1093/jnen/nly124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastomas are highly aggressive brain tumors with a particularly poor prognosis. Glucose transporter-1 (GLUT1/SLC2A1), a uniporter that is expressed by various carcinomas and may be involved in malignant neoplasm glycometabolism, may also be related to prognosis in glioblastomas. GLUT1 is essential to central nervous system glycometabolism. To clarify the exact role of GLUT1 in glioblastoma, we assessed the expression and localization of GLUT1 in patient samples by immunohistochemistry and in situ RNA hybridization. This revealed that GLUT1 was mainly expressed on perivascular and pseudopalisaded tumor cell membranes. All samples expressed GLUT1 to some degree, with 30.8% showing stronger staining. On the basis of these data, samples were divided into high and low expression groups, although SLC2A1 mRNA expression was also higher in the high GLUT1 expression group. Kaplan-Meier survival curves revealed that high GLUT1 expression associated with lower overall survival (log-rank test, p = 0.001) and worse patient prognoses (p = 0.001). Finally, MIB-1 staining was stronger in high GLUT1 expression samples (p = 0.0004), suggesting a link with proliferation. We therefore hypothesize that GLUT1 expression in glioblastomas may enhance glycolysis, affecting patient prognosis. Examination of GLUT1 in patients with glioblastomas may provide a new prognostic tool to improve outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoru Komaki
- Departments of Pathology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Fukuoka, Japan.,Neurosurgery, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yasuo Sugita
- Departments of Pathology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Takuya Furuta
- Departments of Pathology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kyohei Yamada
- Departments of Pathology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Mayuko Moritsubo
- Departments of Pathology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Abe
- Diagnostic Pathology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Jun Akiba
- Diagnostic Pathology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Naohisa Miyagi
- Neurosurgery, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hideo Nakamura
- Neurosurgery, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Miyoshi
- Departments of Pathology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Koichi Ohshima
- Departments of Pathology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Motohiro Morioka
- Neurosurgery, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Fukuoka, Japan
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10
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Jin S, Yang C, Huang J, Liu L, Zhang Y, Li S, Zhang L, Sun Q, Yang P. Conditioned medium derived from FGF-2-modified GMSCs enhances migration and angiogenesis of human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Stem Cell Res Ther 2020; 11:68. [PMID: 32070425 PMCID: PMC7029497 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-020-1584-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Revised: 01/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Angiogenesis plays an important role in tissue repair and regeneration, and conditioned medium (CM) derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSC-CM) possesses pro-angiogenesis. Nevertheless, the profile and concentration of growth factors in MSC-CM remain to be optimized. Fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2) has been proven to be an effective angiogenic factor. Thus, the aim of this study was to verify whether FGF-2 gene overexpression optimized CM from human gingival mesenchymal stem cells (hGMSCs) and whether such optimized CM possessed more favorable pro-angiogenesis effect. METHODS First, FGF-2 gene-modified hGMSCs were constructed using lentiviral transfection technology (LV-FGF-2+-hGMSCs) and the concentration of angiogenesis-related factors in LV-FGF-2+-hGMSC-CM was determined by ELISA. Then, human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were co-cultured for 3 days with LV-FGF-2+-hGMSC-CM, and the expression level of placenta growth factor (PLGF), stem cell factor (SCF), vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2) in HUVECs were determined by qRT-PCR, western blot, and cellular immunofluorescence techniques. The migration assay using transwell and in vitro tube formation experiments on matrigel matrix was conducted to determine the chemotaxis and angiogenesis enhanced by LV-FGF-2+-hGMSC-CM. Finally, NOD-SCID mice were injected with matrigel mixed LV-FGF-2+-hGMSC-CM, and the plug sections were analyzed by immunohistochemistry staining with anti-human CD31 antibody. RESULTS LV-FGF-2+-hGMSC-CM contained significantly more FGF-2, vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A), and transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) than hGMSC-CM. HUVECs pretreated with LV-FGF-2+-hGMSC-CM expressed significantly more PLGF, SCF, and VEGFR2 at gene and protein level than hGMSC-CM pretreated HUVECs. Compared with hGMSC-CM, LV-FGF-2+-hGMSC-CM presented significantly stronger chemotaxis to HUVECs and significantly strengthened HUVECs mediated in vitro tube formation ability. In vivo, LV-FGF-2+-hGMSC-CM also possessed stronger promoting angiogenesis ability than hGMSC-CM. CONCLUSIONS Overexpression of FGF-2 gene promotes hGMSCs paracrine of angiogenesis-related growth factors, thereby obtaining an optimized conditioned medium for angiogenesis promotion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Jin
- Department of Periodontology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Shandong University, No.44-1 Wenhua Road West, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Chengzhe Yang
- Department of Stomatology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Jiahui Huang
- Department of Periodontology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Shandong University, No.44-1 Wenhua Road West, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Lianlian Liu
- Department of Periodontology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Shandong University, No.44-1 Wenhua Road West, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Periodontology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Shandong University, No.44-1 Wenhua Road West, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Shutong Li
- Department of Periodontology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Shandong University, No.44-1 Wenhua Road West, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Liguo Zhang
- Department of Periodontology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Shandong University, No.44-1 Wenhua Road West, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Qinfeng Sun
- Department of Periodontology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Shandong University, No.44-1 Wenhua Road West, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, Shandong, China.
- Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, Shandong, China.
| | - Pishan Yang
- Department of Periodontology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Shandong University, No.44-1 Wenhua Road West, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, Shandong, China.
- Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, Shandong, China.
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11
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Ollauri-Ibáñez C, Núñez-Gómez E, Egido-Turrión C, Silva-Sousa L, Díaz-Rodríguez E, Rodríguez-Barbero A, López-Novoa JM, Pericacho M. Continuous endoglin (CD105) overexpression disrupts angiogenesis and facilitates tumor cell metastasis. Angiogenesis 2020; 23:231-247. [PMID: 31897911 PMCID: PMC7160077 DOI: 10.1007/s10456-019-09703-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Endoglin (CD105) is an auxiliary receptor for members of the TFG-β superfamily. Whereas it has been demonstrated that the deficiency of endoglin leads to minor and defective angiogenesis, little is known about the effect of its increased expression, characteristic of several types of cancer. Angiogenesis is essential for tumor growth, so high levels of proangiogenic molecules, such as endoglin, are supposed to be related to greater tumor growth leading to a poor cancer prognosis. However, we demonstrate here that endoglin overexpression do not stimulate sprouting or vascularization in several in vitro and in vivo models. Instead, steady endoglin overexpression keep endothelial cells in an active phenotype that results in an impairment of the correct stabilization of the endothelium and the recruitment of mural cells. In a context of continuous enhanced angiogenesis, such as in tumors, endoglin overexpression gives rise to altered vessels with an incomplete mural coverage that permit the extravasation of blood. Moreover, these alterations allow the intravasation of tumor cells, the subsequent development of metastases and, thus, a worse cancer prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Ollauri-Ibáñez
- Renal and Cardiovascular Research Unit, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Salamanca, and the Biomedical Research Institute of Salamanca (IBSAL), Edificio Departamental, Campus Miguel de Unamuno, 37007, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Elena Núñez-Gómez
- Renal and Cardiovascular Research Unit, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Salamanca, and the Biomedical Research Institute of Salamanca (IBSAL), Edificio Departamental, Campus Miguel de Unamuno, 37007, Salamanca, Spain.
| | - Cristina Egido-Turrión
- Renal and Cardiovascular Research Unit, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Salamanca, and the Biomedical Research Institute of Salamanca (IBSAL), Edificio Departamental, Campus Miguel de Unamuno, 37007, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Laura Silva-Sousa
- Renal and Cardiovascular Research Unit, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Salamanca, and the Biomedical Research Institute of Salamanca (IBSAL), Edificio Departamental, Campus Miguel de Unamuno, 37007, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Elena Díaz-Rodríguez
- Instituto de Biología Molecular Y Celular del Cáncer. CSIC, IBSAL and CIBERONC, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Alicia Rodríguez-Barbero
- Renal and Cardiovascular Research Unit, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Salamanca, and the Biomedical Research Institute of Salamanca (IBSAL), Edificio Departamental, Campus Miguel de Unamuno, 37007, Salamanca, Spain
| | - José M López-Novoa
- Renal and Cardiovascular Research Unit, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Salamanca, and the Biomedical Research Institute of Salamanca (IBSAL), Edificio Departamental, Campus Miguel de Unamuno, 37007, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Miguel Pericacho
- Renal and Cardiovascular Research Unit, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Salamanca, and the Biomedical Research Institute of Salamanca (IBSAL), Edificio Departamental, Campus Miguel de Unamuno, 37007, Salamanca, Spain.
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12
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Fang N, Wu Z, Wang X, Kang D, Li L, Chen Y, Zheng X, Cai S, Liu X, Chen Z, Tu H, Lin Y, Chen J. Automatic and label-free identification of blood vessels in gliomas using the combination of multiphoton microscopy and image analysis. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2019; 12:e201900006. [PMID: 30868750 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.201900006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Revised: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Currently, the targeted treatment of tumor based on the tumor microenvironment is newly developed. Blood vessels are the key parts in the tumor microenvironment, which is taken as a new visible target for tumor therapy. Multiphoton microscopy (MPM), based on the second harmonic generation and two-photon excited fluorescence, is available to make the label-free analysis on the blood vessels in human gliomas. MPM can reveal the vascular morphological characteristics in gliomas, including vascular malformation, intense vascular proliferation, perivascular collagen deposition, perivascular lymphocytes aggregation and microvascular proliferation. In addition, the image analysis algorithms were developed to automatically calculate the perivascular collagen content, vascular cavity area, lumen area, wall area and vessel number. Thus, the vascular morphology, the perivascular collagen deposition and intense vascular proliferation degree can be further quantitatively characterized. Compared with the pathological analysis, the combination of MPM and image analysis has potential advantages in making a quantitative and qualitative analyzing on vascular morphology in glioma microenvironment. As micro-endoscope and two-photon fiberscope are technologically improved, this combined method will be a useful imaging way to make the real-time research on the targeting tumor microenvironment in gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Fang
- Key Laboratory of OptoElectronic Science and Technology for Medicine of Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Photonics Technology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zanyi Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xingfu Wang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Dezhi Kang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Lianhuang Li
- Key Laboratory of OptoElectronic Science and Technology for Medicine of Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Photonics Technology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yupeng Chen
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianying Zheng
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Shanshan Cai
- Department of Pathology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xueyong Liu
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhida Chen
- Key Laboratory of OptoElectronic Science and Technology for Medicine of Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Photonics Technology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Haohua Tu
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois
| | - Yuanxiang Lin
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianxin Chen
- Key Laboratory of OptoElectronic Science and Technology for Medicine of Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Photonics Technology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
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Fan C, Zhang J, Liu Z, He M, Kang T, Du T, Song Y, Fan Y, Xu J. Prognostic role of microvessel density in patients with glioma. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019; 98:e14695. [PMID: 30817605 PMCID: PMC6831436 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000014695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to systematically evaluate the prognostic role of microvessel density (MVD) in patients with glioma through performing a meta-analysis. METHODS Web of Science, EMBASE, PubMed, Cochrane Library, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure were searched for potentially relevant literature. The study characteristics and relevant data were extracted. Hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were pooled to estimate the prognostic role of MVD in patients with glioma. RESULTS Nine studies with 536 patients were included. The pooled HR of higher MVD for overall survival (OS) was 1.64 (95% CI, 1.07-2.50) in patients with glioma. Subgroup analyses were also performed. The pooled HRs of higher MVD in studies from East Asia studies examining high-grade gliomas and studies using anti-CD105 antibodies were 1.99 (95% CI, 1.04-3.80), 1.60 (95% CI, 1.09-2.34) and 2.99 (95% CI, 1.50-5.99), respectively. No significant publication bias was found (P = .592), but significant between-study heterogeneity was observed (I = 80.5%, P <.001) in the meta-analysis. CONCLUSION Our results suggested that higher MVD was associated with worse OS in patients with glioma. The findings may assist future research on antiangiogenic therapy and help predict prognosis in glioma. However, due to the limited number of studies, more well-designed studies are warranted to further verify our results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaofeng Fan
- Department of Neurosurgery and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics
| | - Zhiyong Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics
| | | | - Tianyi Kang
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy
| | - Ting Du
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy
| | - Yanlin Song
- West China School of Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Yimeng Fan
- West China School of Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Jianguo Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics
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Effect of Cetuximab on the Development of Epidural Fibrosis Based on CD105 and Osteopontin Immunohistochemical Staining. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 2019; 44:E134-E143. [PMID: 30015719 DOI: 10.1097/brs.0000000000002793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
STUDY DESIGN The effect of cetuximab on the development of epidural fibrosis (EF) was assessed using immunohistochemical methods as well as antibodies for CD105 and osteopontin (OPN). OBJECTIVE The goal of this study was to assess of EGFR inhibition for the postoperative treatment of fibrosis. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA EF is one of most common causes of failed back surgery syndrome, which occurs after laminectomy. Numerous causes and mechanisms have been proposed to explain its development after laminectomy. Many agents have been tested to prevent the development of EF. EGFR, a multi-functional transmembrane glycoprotein, causes cell growth, proliferation, and EF by interacting with epidermal growth factor and TGF-β1. The inhibition of postoperative fibrosis using cetuximab, an epidermal growth factor receptor blocker, is theoretically possible. However, this has not been tested to date. METHODS Sixteen Wistar-Albino rats were divided into two groups, namely, control and cetuximab groups. L1-2 laminectomy alone was performed in both groups, and topical cetuximab was applied to the treatment group. After 6 weeks, rats were sacrificed and examined histopathologically and immunohistochemically; EF tissue was also graded. Statistical significance was accepted at P < 0.05. RESULTS Fibroblast counts and fibrosis density, determined by histopathologic examination, and EF, according to immunohistochemical assessment based on CD105, were found to be higher in the treatment group than in the control group, and this was statistically significant (P < 0.001). Based on OPN staining, the results were consistent with classical methods, and no significant difference was detected among the groups (P = 0.358). CONCLUSION Our study revealed that cetuximab inhibits the development of EF and that CD105, and not OPN, is a reliable marker for grading EF. In addition, cetuximab did not result in toxic, systemic side effects in surrounding tissues. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE N/A.
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15
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Immunohistochemical Grading of Epidural Fibrosis with CD105 Antibody. World Neurosurg 2019; 125:e297-e303. [PMID: 30685375 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2019.01.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Revised: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Grading of epidural fibrosis (EF) is usually performed by histopathologic staining in experimental studies. Immunohistochemical methods for grading are not available in routine practice yet. In our study, the effect of tranexamic acid (TXA), a commonly used hemostatic agent in surgical interventions, was evaluated for use against the development of EF with classical histopathologic methods and immunohistochemistry using the CD105 antibody, a marker of angiogenesis. METHODS Sixteen rats were used. The rats were assigned to 2 groups, control and TXA. Laminectomy was performed on the control group. In the treatment group, laminectomy + topical TXA was applied. After sacrificing the rats in the sixth week, histopathologic and immunohistochemical examinations and grading of the EF tissue were performed. RESULTS Conventional histopathologic parameters of fibroblast count, intensity of fibrosis density, and inflammatory cell density, as well as immunohistochemical evaluation with CD105, showed that the grading of EF was comparable between groups I and II (P < 0.001). DISCUSSION The results of our study have demonstrated that CD105 is compatible with the conventional histopathologic grading methods and can be used as a marker to determine the grades of angiogenesis and fibrosis in experimental studies. The results of our study have also shown that TXA, administered locally for hemostasis, reduces the grade of EF in rats following laminectomy. TXA has been observed to cause no toxic effects on neural tissue as it is already commonly used in clinical practice.
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Sheikh AM, Yano S, Mitaki S, Haque MA, Yamaguchi S, Nagai A. A Mesenchymal stem cell line (B10) increases angiogenesis in a rat MCAO model. Exp Neurol 2018; 311:182-193. [PMID: 30291853 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2018.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Revised: 08/29/2018] [Accepted: 10/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A human mesenchymal stem cell line (B10) transplantation has been shown to improve ischemia-induced neurological deficits in animal stroke models. To understand the underlying mechanism, we have investigated the effects of B10 transplantation on cerebral angiogenesis in a rat middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model. B10 cells were transplanted intravenously 24 h after MCAO. Immunofluorescence staining results showed that compared to PBS-groups, vWF positive vessel and endoglin positive new vessels were increased in B10-transplanted MCAO groups in the lesion areas. The mRNA of angiogenesis factors including placental growth factor and hypoxia inducible factor (HIF)-1α were increased 3 days after MCAO in the core and IBZ areas of B10-transplanted group. Angiopoetin1 mRNA was increased only in the IBZ. Western blotting results showed that HIF-1α and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) proteins were increased in B10-transplanted group. Both HIF-1α and VEGF were expressed in macrophage/microglia in the core area. In the IBZ, however, HIF-1α was expressed both in astrocytes and macrophage/microglia, while VEGF was expressed only in macrophage/microglia. Moreover, TGFβ protein levels were found to be increased in B10-transplanted group in the core and IBZ regions. Cell culture experiments using a human microglia cell line (HMO6) and B10 showed that IL-1β induced VEGF mRNA expression in both cell types. IL-1β was found to be highly expressed in B10 cells, and its co-culture with HMO6 further increased that in B10. Co-culture increased VEGF mRNA in both B10 and HMO6. In the rat brains, IL-1β was expressed in macrophage/microglia and transplanted-B10 cells in the core. IL-1β positive cell number was increased slightly, but significantly in B10-transplanted rats. To explore further, IL-1β expression was silenced in B10 cells by transfecting mRNA specific siRNA, and then transplanted in MCAO rats. Immunostaining result showed that endoglin positive area was decreased in IL-1β-silenced B10 transplanted groups compared to nonsilenced-B10 transplanted groups. Interestingly, vessel-like structure appeared as early as 3 days after MCAO in IL-1β-silenced B10-transplanted group. Thus our results demonstrated that B10 cells increased angiogenesis in MCAO rat model, through the regulation of HIF-1α and VEGF expression, where IL-1β might play a role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah Md Sheikh
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shimane University School of Medicine, 89-1 Enya Cho, Izumo 693-8501, Japan
| | - Shozo Yano
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shimane University School of Medicine, 89-1 Enya Cho, Izumo 693-8501, Japan
| | - Shingo Mitaki
- Department of Neurology, Shimane University School of Medicine, 89-1 Enya Cho, Izumo 693-8501, Japan
| | - Md Ahsanul Haque
- Department of Neurology, Shimane University School of Medicine, 89-1 Enya Cho, Izumo 693-8501, Japan
| | - Shuhei Yamaguchi
- Department of Neurology, Shimane University School of Medicine, 89-1 Enya Cho, Izumo 693-8501, Japan
| | - Atsushi Nagai
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shimane University School of Medicine, 89-1 Enya Cho, Izumo 693-8501, Japan.
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Tanriverdi O, Erdogan U, Tanik C, Yilmaz I, Gunaldi O, Adilay HU, Arslanhan A, Eseoglu M. Impact of sorafenib on epidural fibrosis: An immunohistochemical study. World J Clin Cases 2018; 6:249-258. [PMID: 30211205 PMCID: PMC6134279 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v6.i9.249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Revised: 06/23/2018] [Accepted: 08/01/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To determine if sorafenib, an antineoplastic agent, could prevent the development of spinal epidural fibrosis (EF).
METHODS The study used CD105 and osteopontin antibodies in an immunohistochemical approach to quantify EF that occurred as a consequence of laminectomy in rats. Wistar albino rats (n = 16) were divided into two groups: control (L1-2 level laminectomy only) and sorafenib treatment (L1-2 level laminectomy + topical sorafenib). The animals were euthanatized after 6 wk, and the EF tissues were examined for histopathological changes after immunohistochemical staining. The EF grades were assigned to the tissues, and the treatment and control groups were compared.
RESULTS The EF thickness, inflammatory cell density, and arachnoid adherences determined by light microscopy were significantly higher in the control group compared to the sorafenib-treated group. Based on fibrosis scores, the extent of EF in the treatment group was significantly lower than in the controls. Immunohistochemical staining for CD105 to identify microvessels revealed that the EF grades based on vessel count were significantly lower in the treatment group. Staining for osteopontin did not show any significant differences between the groups in terms of the extent of EF. The staging of EF based on vascular counts observed after immunohistochemical staining for CD105, but not for osteopontin, was compatible with conventional staging methods. Neither toxic effects on tissues nor systemic side effects were observed with the use of sorafenib.
CONCLUSION Local administration of sorafenib significantly reduced post-laminectomy EF. Decreased neovascularization in spinal tissue may be due to the sorafenib-induced inhibition of vascular endothelial growth factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osman Tanriverdi
- Department of Neurosurgery and Psychiatry, University of Health Sciences, Bakırky Prof. Dr. Mazhar Osman Training and Research Hospital for Neurology, İstanbul 34303, Turkey
| | - Uzay Erdogan
- Department of Neurosurgery and Psychiatry, University of Health Sciences, Bakırky Prof. Dr. Mazhar Osman Training and Research Hospital for Neurology, İstanbul 34303, Turkey
| | - Canan Tanik
- Department of Pathology, University of Health Sciences, Şişli Hamidiye Etfal Training and Research Hospital, İstanbul 34303, Turkey
| | - Ilhan Yilmaz
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Health Sciences, Şişli Hamidiye Etfal Training and Research Hospital, İstanbul 34303, Turkey
| | - Omur Gunaldi
- Department of Neurosurgery and Psychiatry, University of Health Sciences, Bakırky Prof. Dr. Mazhar Osman Training and Research Hospital for Neurology, İstanbul 34303, Turkey
| | - Huseyin Utku Adilay
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Faculty, Balıkesir University, Balıkesir 31300, Turkey
| | - Ayca Arslanhan
- Institute of Neurological Science, Marmara University, İstanbul 34303, Turkey
| | - Metehan Eseoglu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Faculty, Medipol University, İstanbul 34303, Turkey
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Mikkelsen VE, Stensjøen AL, Granli US, Berntsen EM, Salvesen Ø, Solheim O, Torp SH. Angiogenesis and radiological tumor growth in patients with glioblastoma. BMC Cancer 2018; 18:862. [PMID: 30176826 PMCID: PMC6122710 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-018-4768-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 08/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The preoperative growth of human glioblastomas (GBMs) has been shown to vary among patients. In animal studies, angiogenesis has been linked to hypoxia and faster growth of GBM, however, its relation to the growth of human GBMs is sparsely studied. We have therefore aimed to look for associations between radiological speed of growth and microvessel density (MVD) counts of the endothelial markers vWF (Factor VIII related antigen) and CD105 (endoglin). METHODS Preoperative growth was estimated from segmented tumor volumes of two preoperative T1-weighted postcontrast magnetic resonance imaging scans taken ≥14 days apart in patients with newly diagnosed GBMs. A Gompertzian growth curve was computed from the volume data and separated the patients into two groups of either faster or slower tumor growth than expected. MVD counts of the immunohistochemical markers von Willebrand factor (vWF) (a pan-endothelial marker) and CD105 (a marker of proliferating endothelial cells) were assessed for associations with fast-growing tumors using Mann-Whitney U tests and a multivariable binary logistic regression analysis. RESULTS We found that only CD105-MVD was significantly associated with faster growth in a univariable analysis (p = 0.049). However, CD105-MVD was no longer significant when corrected for the presence of thromboses and high cellular density in a multivariable model, where the latter features were significant independent predictors of faster growth with respective odds ratios 4.2 (95% confidence interval, 1.2, 14.3), p = 0.021 and 2.6 (95% confidence interval, 1.0, 6.5), p = 0.048. CONCLUSIONS MVDs of neither endothelial marker were independently associated with faster growth, suggesting angiogenesis-independent processes contribute to faster glioblastoma growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vilde Elisabeth Mikkelsen
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, NTNU - Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Erling Skjalgssons gate 1, 7030, Trondheim, Norway.
| | - Anne Line Stensjøen
- Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, NTNU - Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.,Department of Neurosurgery, St. Olavs University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Unn Sophie Granli
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, NTNU - Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Erling Skjalgssons gate 1, 7030, Trondheim, Norway.,Cellular and Molecular Imaging Core Facility (CMIC), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
| | - Erik Magnus Berntsen
- Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, NTNU - Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.,Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, St. Olavs University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Øyvind Salvesen
- Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, NTNU - Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Ole Solheim
- Department of Neurosurgery, St. Olavs University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway.,National Advisory Unit for Ultrasound and Image Guided Therapy, St. Olavs University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway.,Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, NTNU - Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Sverre Helge Torp
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, NTNU - Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Erling Skjalgssons gate 1, 7030, Trondheim, Norway.,Department of Pathology, St. Olavs University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
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19
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Maralani PJ, Das S, Mainprize T, Phan N, Bharatha A, Keith J, Munoz DG, Sahgal A, Symons S, Ironside S, Faraji-Dana Z, Eilaghi A, Chan A, Alcaide-Leon P, Shearkhani O, Jakubovic R, Atenafu EG, Zaharchuk G, Mikulis D. Hypoxia Detection in Infiltrative Astrocytoma: Ferumoxytol-based Quantitative BOLD MRI with Intraoperative and Histologic Validation. Radiology 2018; 288:821-829. [DOI: 10.1148/radiol.2018172601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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20
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IDH1 mutation is associated with lower expression of VEGF but not microvessel formation in glioblastoma multiforme. Oncotarget 2018; 9:16462-16476. [PMID: 29662659 PMCID: PMC5893254 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.24536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2017] [Accepted: 02/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) represents the most malignant primary brain tumor characterized by pathological vascularization. Mutations in isocitrate dehydrogenases 1 and 2 (IDH1 and IDH2) were observed in GBM. We aimed to assess the intra-tumor hypoxia, angiogenesis and microvessel formation in GBM and to find their associations with IDH1 mutation status and patients prognosis. Methods 52 patients with a diagnosis of GBM were included into the study. IDH1 R132H mutation was assessed by RT-PCR from FFPE tumor samples obtained during surgery. The expression of markers of hypoxia (HIF2α), angiogenesis (VEGF), tumor microvascularity (CD31, CD34, vWF, CD105), and proliferation (Ki-67) were assessed immunohistochemically (IHC). IDH1 mutation and IHC markers were correlated with the patient survival. Results 20 from 52 GBM tumor samples comprised IDH1 R132H mutation (38.5%). The majority of mutated tumors were classified as secondary glioblastomas (89.9%). Patients with IDH1 mutated tumors experienced better progression-free survival (P = 0.037) as well as overall survival (P = 0.035) compared with wild type tumors. The significantly lower expression of VEGF was observed in GBM with IDH1 mutation than in wild type tumors (P = 0.01). No such association was found for microvascular markers. The increased expression of newly-formed microvessels (ratio CD105/CD31) in tumor samples was associated with worse patient’s progression-free survival (P = 0.026). Summary No increase in HIF/VEGF-mediated angiogenesis was observed in IDH1-mutated GBM compared with IDH1 wild type tumors. The histological assessment of the portion of newly-formed microvessels in tumor tissue can be used for the prediction of GBM patient’s prognosis.
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21
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Sun H, Miao C, Liu W, Qiao X, Yang W, Li L, Li C. TGF-β1/TβRII/Smad3 signaling pathway promotes VEGF expression in oral squamous cell carcinoma tumor-associated macrophages. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 497:583-590. [PMID: 29462614 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.02.104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2018] [Accepted: 02/11/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common type of malignant cancer affecting the oral cavity. Tumor associated macrophages (TAMs) play a vital role in the initiation, progression and metastasis of OSCC. In this study, we investigated the correlation between macrophages and several clinical and pathological indicators, and we also explored how transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) effect on VEGF expression in TAMs. Seventy-two paraffin-embedded OSCC samples were collected. Association between macrophages density, micro vascular density (MVD) and clinical-pathological feature were explored by immunohistochemical staining. Western blot, ELISA and qRT-PCR were conducted to assess the VEGF expression in TAMs treated with or without neutralizing TGF-β1, TβRII and smad3 antibodies. Results showed that CD68+ macrophages were absent in normal tissues. Macrophages density was directly correlated to low pathological differentiation, late clinical staging and poor survival rate. MVD showed positive correlation with clinical staging and macrophages density. Furthermore, OSCC-associated macrophages expressed more VEGF than macrophages in healthy lymph nodes. However, when TGF-β1 or TβRII were neutralized or the Smad3 was inhibited, VEGF expression was down regulated as well. It is concluded that TGF-β1 could promote OSCC-associated macrophages to secrete more VEGF via TβRII/Smad3 signaling pathway. This result might explain the correlation between macrophages density and worse clinical-pathological condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haibin Sun
- Department of Head and Neck Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 610041, China
| | - Cheng Miao
- Department of Head and Neck Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 610041, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Head and Neck Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 610041, China
| | - Xianghe Qiao
- Department of Head and Neck Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 610041, China
| | - Wenbin Yang
- Department of Head and Neck Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 610041, China
| | - Longjiang Li
- Department of Head and Neck Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 610041, China.
| | - Chunjie Li
- Department of Head and Neck Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 610041, China.
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Agarwal P, Sen AK, Bhardwaj M, Dinand V, Ahuja A, Sood R. Study of Proliferating cell nuclear antigen expression and Angiogenesis in Urothelial neoplasms: Correlation with tumor grade and stage. Urol Ann 2018; 10:209-214. [PMID: 29719336 PMCID: PMC5907333 DOI: 10.4103/ua.ua_167_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Urinary bladder carcinoma ranks ninth in worldwide cancer incidence. About 74,000 new cases were diagnosed in 2015 alone and 16,000 persons died of the disease. Since histopathology is considered gold standard for diagnosis, it is prudent to look for potential tumor proliferation and predictive markers in such a prevalent malignancy so as to alert surgical and medical oncologists for timely intervention and provide better patient-tailored therapy. Aims: This study is to analyze the role of potential biomarkers-proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and angiogenesis using CD31 in urothelial neoplasms in relation to tumor grade and stage. Methods: Histopathology slides were prepared from transurethral resection of bladder tumor chips and assessed by three independent observers as per the WHO/International Society of Urologic Pathology criteria 2016. Representative sections were subjected to immunohistochemistry. PCNA labeling index (PCNA LI) and mean vessel density (MVD) were calculated. Statistical Analysis: Tests of analysis were applied as appropriate. A statistical P < 0.05 was considered significant. Results: Forty-nine patients were analyzed. PCNA LI increased with grade and stage. PCNA was significantly higher in noninvasive papillary urothelial carcinoma high grade (NIPUCHG) than in noninvasive papillary urothelial carcinoma low grade (NIPUCLG) and in infiltrating urothelial carcinoma as compared to NIPUCLG. MVD also increased with tumor grade and stage; however, a significant difference was observed only between infiltrating urothelial carcinoma and papillary urothelial neoplasm of low malignant potential. A cutoff value of 73% for PCNA and 49 vessels/high-power field for CD 31 showed 100% accuracy to differentiate between noninvasive papillary urothelial carcinoma high grade and NIPUCLG. No association was observed between tumor recurrence and PCNA or CD31 expression. Conclusion: PCNA and CD31 when used together are valuable markers to help classify urothelial neoplasms in limited tumor material. However, larger prospective studies are required for better prognostication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poojan Agarwal
- Department of Pathology, PGIMER, Dr. RML Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Achin Kumar Sen
- Department of Pathology, PGIMER, Dr. RML Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Veronique Dinand
- Department of Research, Pediatric Hematology Oncology, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Arvind Ahuja
- Department of Pathology, PGIMER, Dr. RML Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Rajeev Sood
- Department of Urology, PGIMER, Dr. RML Hospital, New Delhi, India
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23
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Impact of Blood Vessel Quantity and Vascular Expression of CD133 and ICAM-1 on Survival of Glioblastoma Patients. NEUROSCIENCE JOURNAL 2017; 2017:5629563. [PMID: 29250531 PMCID: PMC5698821 DOI: 10.1155/2017/5629563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2017] [Revised: 08/07/2017] [Accepted: 10/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GB) is the most angiogenic tumor. Nevertheless, antiangiogenic therapy has not shown significant clinical efficacy. The aim of this study was to assess blood vessel characteristics on survival of GB patients. Surgically excised GB tissues were histologically examined for overall proportion of glomeruloid microvascular proliferation (MP) and the total number of blood vessels. Also, immunohistochemical vascular staining intensities of CD133 and ICAM-1 were determined. Vessel parameters were correlated with patients' overall survival. The survival time depended on the number of blood vessels (p = 0.03) but not on the proportion of MP. Median survival times for patients with low (<median) and high (≥median) number of blood vessels were 9.0 months (95% CI: 7.5–10.5) and 12.0 months (95% CI: 9.3–14.7). Also, median survival times for patients with low (<median) and high (≥median) vascular expression level of CD133 were 9.0 months (95% CI: 8.0–10.1) and 12.0 months (95% CI: 10.3–13.7). In contrast, the staining intensity of vascular ICAM-1 did not affect survival. In multivariate analysis, the number of blood vessels emerged as an independent predictor for longer overall survival (HR: 2.4, 95% CI: 1.2–5.0, p = 0.02). For success in antiangiogenic therapy, better understanding about tumor vasculature biology is needed.
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Peker KD, Ozkanli SS, Akyuz C, Uzun O, Yasar NF, Duman M, Yol S. Preoperative immunonutrition regulates tumor infiltrative lymphocytes and increases tumor angiogenesis in gastric cancer patients. Arch Med Sci 2017; 13:1365-1372. [PMID: 29181067 PMCID: PMC5701679 DOI: 10.5114/aoms.2016.60054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2015] [Accepted: 08/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION An increased number of tumor infiltrative lymphocytes (TILs) is considered a favorable prognostic factor in various cancers because it is a marker of antitumoral activity of the immune system. In this prospective, non-randomized clinical trial, we evaluated the impact of preoperative immunonutrition on tumor infiltrative lymphocytes and neoangiogenesis in cancerous tissue in patients with locoregional and resectable gastric adenocarcinoma. MATERIAL AND METHODS Patients with locoregional and resectable gastric adenocarcinoma were divided non-randomly into two study groups. The first (control) group included patients who had standard nutrition, and the second group included those who had immunonutrition for 7 days before surgery. The biopsy samples taken endoscopically in the preoperative period, as well as the gastrectomy samples, were subjected to immunohistochemical staining for quantitative analysis of CD4, CD8, CD16, CD56, CD31 and CD105 antibodies. Main outcome measures were CD4-to-CD8 ratio and CD105 levels. RESULTS Fifty patients were included in the study between January 2013 and December 2014. Twenty-five patients were assigned to each of the first and second group. The CD4-to-CD8 ratio and CD105 levels determined in endoscopic biopsy samples were similar in both groups. The CD4-to-CD8 ratio in gastrectomy samples was significantly higher in the first group (p = 0.0001). The CD105 levels in gastrectomy samples were significantly lower in the first group (p = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS Seven-day preoperative immunonutrition use regulates TILs in gastric cancer patients, but prolonged use increases tumor angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kivanc Derya Peker
- Department of Gastroenterologic Surgery, Kartal Kosuyolu Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sidika Seyma Ozkanli
- Department of Pathology, Medical Faculty, Istanbul Medeniyet University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Cebrail Akyuz
- Department of Gastroenterologic Surgery, Kartal Kosuyolu Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Orhan Uzun
- Department of Gastroenterologic Surgery, Kartal Kosuyolu Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Necdet Fatih Yasar
- Department of Gastroenterologic Surgery, Kartal Kosuyolu Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Duman
- Department of Gastroenterologic Surgery, Kartal Kosuyolu Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sinan Yol
- Department of General Surgery and Subspecialty (Gastrointestinal) Surgery, Faculty of Health Sciences, Istanbul Medeniyet University, Istanbul, Turkey
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25
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Ling C, Pouget C, Rech F, Pflaum R, Treffel M, Bielle F, Mokhtari K, Casse JM, Vignaud JM, Kalamarides M, Peyre M, Gauchotte G. Endothelial Cell Hypertrophy and Microvascular Proliferation in Meningiomas Are Correlated with Higher Histological Grade and Shorter Progression-Free Survival. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 2017; 75:1160-1170. [PMID: 27807004 DOI: 10.1093/jnen/nlw095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Microvascular proliferation (MVP) is a hallmark of glioblastoma. Endothelial cell hypertrophy (ECH), also known as endothelial hyperplasia, is correlated with a shorter survival of patients with gliomas. However, the prognostic value of these 2 morphological features has not been studied in meningiomas. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prognostic value of angiogenesis in meningiomas, most notably ECH, MVP, and microvascular density, which were evaluated using immunohistochemistry with antibodies against CD34 and CD105 (a marker of neovascularization) in a series of 139 meningiomas. ECH, MVP, and CD105 immunoreactivity were significantly correlated with higher histological grades (p < 0.0001, p = 0.0004, and p = 0.0003, respectively). ECH and MVP but not CD105 immunoreactivities were significantly correlated with a shorter progression-free survival time (PFS) (p = 0.017, p = 0.021, and p = 0.137, respectively). In Cox multivariate analysis, ECH was an independent predictor of shorter PFS (p = 0.028). Therefore, ECH and MVP are markers of shorter PFS in meningiomas and are significantly correlated with grade. These findings give insight into the use of anti-angiogenic therapies. Further studies are needed to determine whether these markers could allow us to identify patients who could benefit from anti-angiogenic therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Ling
- From the Department of Pathology, CHRU, Nancy, France (CL, CP, MT JMC, JMV, GG); Department of Neurosurgery, CHRU, Nancy, France (FR); INSERM U1051, Institut des Neurosciences de Montpellier, Montpellier, France (FR); INSERM U954, NGERE, Faculté de Médecine de Nancy, Université de Lorraine, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France (RP, JMV, GG); Laboratory of Neuropathology, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France (FB, KM); INSERM U1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, Paris, France (FB, KM, MK, MP); Centre de Ressources Biologiques, BB-0033-00035, CHRU, Nancy, France (JMV, GG); and Department of Neurosurgery, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France (MK, MP)
| | - Celso Pouget
- From the Department of Pathology, CHRU, Nancy, France (CL, CP, MT JMC, JMV, GG); Department of Neurosurgery, CHRU, Nancy, France (FR); INSERM U1051, Institut des Neurosciences de Montpellier, Montpellier, France (FR); INSERM U954, NGERE, Faculté de Médecine de Nancy, Université de Lorraine, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France (RP, JMV, GG); Laboratory of Neuropathology, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France (FB, KM); INSERM U1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, Paris, France (FB, KM, MK, MP); Centre de Ressources Biologiques, BB-0033-00035, CHRU, Nancy, France (JMV, GG); and Department of Neurosurgery, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France (MK, MP)
| | - Fabien Rech
- From the Department of Pathology, CHRU, Nancy, France (CL, CP, MT JMC, JMV, GG); Department of Neurosurgery, CHRU, Nancy, France (FR); INSERM U1051, Institut des Neurosciences de Montpellier, Montpellier, France (FR); INSERM U954, NGERE, Faculté de Médecine de Nancy, Université de Lorraine, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France (RP, JMV, GG); Laboratory of Neuropathology, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France (FB, KM); INSERM U1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, Paris, France (FB, KM, MK, MP); Centre de Ressources Biologiques, BB-0033-00035, CHRU, Nancy, France (JMV, GG); and Department of Neurosurgery, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France (MK, MP)
| | - Robin Pflaum
- From the Department of Pathology, CHRU, Nancy, France (CL, CP, MT JMC, JMV, GG); Department of Neurosurgery, CHRU, Nancy, France (FR); INSERM U1051, Institut des Neurosciences de Montpellier, Montpellier, France (FR); INSERM U954, NGERE, Faculté de Médecine de Nancy, Université de Lorraine, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France (RP, JMV, GG); Laboratory of Neuropathology, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France (FB, KM); INSERM U1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, Paris, France (FB, KM, MK, MP); Centre de Ressources Biologiques, BB-0033-00035, CHRU, Nancy, France (JMV, GG); and Department of Neurosurgery, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France (MK, MP)
| | - Mathilde Treffel
- From the Department of Pathology, CHRU, Nancy, France (CL, CP, MT JMC, JMV, GG); Department of Neurosurgery, CHRU, Nancy, France (FR); INSERM U1051, Institut des Neurosciences de Montpellier, Montpellier, France (FR); INSERM U954, NGERE, Faculté de Médecine de Nancy, Université de Lorraine, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France (RP, JMV, GG); Laboratory of Neuropathology, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France (FB, KM); INSERM U1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, Paris, France (FB, KM, MK, MP); Centre de Ressources Biologiques, BB-0033-00035, CHRU, Nancy, France (JMV, GG); and Department of Neurosurgery, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France (MK, MP)
| | - Franck Bielle
- From the Department of Pathology, CHRU, Nancy, France (CL, CP, MT JMC, JMV, GG); Department of Neurosurgery, CHRU, Nancy, France (FR); INSERM U1051, Institut des Neurosciences de Montpellier, Montpellier, France (FR); INSERM U954, NGERE, Faculté de Médecine de Nancy, Université de Lorraine, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France (RP, JMV, GG); Laboratory of Neuropathology, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France (FB, KM); INSERM U1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, Paris, France (FB, KM, MK, MP); Centre de Ressources Biologiques, BB-0033-00035, CHRU, Nancy, France (JMV, GG); and Department of Neurosurgery, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France (MK, MP)
| | - Karima Mokhtari
- From the Department of Pathology, CHRU, Nancy, France (CL, CP, MT JMC, JMV, GG); Department of Neurosurgery, CHRU, Nancy, France (FR); INSERM U1051, Institut des Neurosciences de Montpellier, Montpellier, France (FR); INSERM U954, NGERE, Faculté de Médecine de Nancy, Université de Lorraine, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France (RP, JMV, GG); Laboratory of Neuropathology, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France (FB, KM); INSERM U1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, Paris, France (FB, KM, MK, MP); Centre de Ressources Biologiques, BB-0033-00035, CHRU, Nancy, France (JMV, GG); and Department of Neurosurgery, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France (MK, MP)
| | - Jean-Matthieu Casse
- From the Department of Pathology, CHRU, Nancy, France (CL, CP, MT JMC, JMV, GG); Department of Neurosurgery, CHRU, Nancy, France (FR); INSERM U1051, Institut des Neurosciences de Montpellier, Montpellier, France (FR); INSERM U954, NGERE, Faculté de Médecine de Nancy, Université de Lorraine, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France (RP, JMV, GG); Laboratory of Neuropathology, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France (FB, KM); INSERM U1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, Paris, France (FB, KM, MK, MP); Centre de Ressources Biologiques, BB-0033-00035, CHRU, Nancy, France (JMV, GG); and Department of Neurosurgery, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France (MK, MP)
| | - Jean-Michel Vignaud
- From the Department of Pathology, CHRU, Nancy, France (CL, CP, MT JMC, JMV, GG); Department of Neurosurgery, CHRU, Nancy, France (FR); INSERM U1051, Institut des Neurosciences de Montpellier, Montpellier, France (FR); INSERM U954, NGERE, Faculté de Médecine de Nancy, Université de Lorraine, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France (RP, JMV, GG); Laboratory of Neuropathology, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France (FB, KM); INSERM U1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, Paris, France (FB, KM, MK, MP); Centre de Ressources Biologiques, BB-0033-00035, CHRU, Nancy, France (JMV, GG); and Department of Neurosurgery, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France (MK, MP)
| | - Michel Kalamarides
- From the Department of Pathology, CHRU, Nancy, France (CL, CP, MT JMC, JMV, GG); Department of Neurosurgery, CHRU, Nancy, France (FR); INSERM U1051, Institut des Neurosciences de Montpellier, Montpellier, France (FR); INSERM U954, NGERE, Faculté de Médecine de Nancy, Université de Lorraine, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France (RP, JMV, GG); Laboratory of Neuropathology, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France (FB, KM); INSERM U1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, Paris, France (FB, KM, MK, MP); Centre de Ressources Biologiques, BB-0033-00035, CHRU, Nancy, France (JMV, GG); and Department of Neurosurgery, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France (MK, MP)
| | - Matthieu Peyre
- From the Department of Pathology, CHRU, Nancy, France (CL, CP, MT JMC, JMV, GG); Department of Neurosurgery, CHRU, Nancy, France (FR); INSERM U1051, Institut des Neurosciences de Montpellier, Montpellier, France (FR); INSERM U954, NGERE, Faculté de Médecine de Nancy, Université de Lorraine, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France (RP, JMV, GG); Laboratory of Neuropathology, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France (FB, KM); INSERM U1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, Paris, France (FB, KM, MK, MP); Centre de Ressources Biologiques, BB-0033-00035, CHRU, Nancy, France (JMV, GG); and Department of Neurosurgery, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France (MK, MP)
| | - Guillaume Gauchotte
- From the Department of Pathology, CHRU, Nancy, France (CL, CP, MT JMC, JMV, GG); Department of Neurosurgery, CHRU, Nancy, France (FR); INSERM U1051, Institut des Neurosciences de Montpellier, Montpellier, France (FR); INSERM U954, NGERE, Faculté de Médecine de Nancy, Université de Lorraine, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France (RP, JMV, GG); Laboratory of Neuropathology, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France (FB, KM); INSERM U1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, Paris, France (FB, KM, MK, MP); Centre de Ressources Biologiques, BB-0033-00035, CHRU, Nancy, France (JMV, GG); and Department of Neurosurgery, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France (MK, MP)
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26
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Cho T, Shiozawa E, Urushibara F, Arai N, Funaki T, Takehara Y, Tazawa S, Misawa M, Homma M, Norose T, Omatsu M, Miyachi H, Yamochi T, Kunimura T, Tate G, Ishida F, Kudo SE, Takimoto M. The role of microvessel density, lymph node metastasis, and tumor size as prognostic factors of distant metastasis in colorectal cancer. Oncol Lett 2017; 13:4327-4333. [PMID: 28599434 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.5959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2016] [Accepted: 03/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis is essential for tumor growth and metastasis. CD105 is reportedly a specific marker for tumor angiogenesis. It has been demonstrated that monoclonal antibodies to CD105 have high affinity for activated endothelial cells. A relationship between metastasis and microvessel density (MVD), as an indicator of neovascularization, has been identified in patients with colorectal cancer as shown by the presence of monoclonal antibodies to CD105. However, data on potentially confounding factors such as lymphatic and vascular infiltration and tumor size are lacking. We further investigated the relationship between MVD and distant metastasis, along with potentially confounding clinicopathological factors, to more precisely characterize this relationship. In this retrospective study, we analyzed colorectal cancer specimens surgically or endoscopically resected from January to September 2009. We defined MVD as the number of microvessels stained by monoclonal antibodies to CD105 per ×400 field. Selected clinicopathological factors were analyzed and stepwise multivariate logistic regression was performed to identify independent risk factors for distant metastasis. We analyzed 129 lesions. The median follow-up time was 34 months (range, 6-85 months) in patients with distant metastasis and 61 months (range, 60-86 months) in those without distant metastasis. At the time of resection or during subsequent follow-up, 32 patients had distant metastases. The MVD was significantly greater in patients with than without distant metastases (mean ± standard deviation: 10.4±4.9 vs. 7.6±3.3, P=0.008; Welch's t-test). Stepwise multivariate logistic regression indicated that MVD, regional lymph node metastasis, and tumor size were independent risk factors for distant metastases. Combining assessment of monoclonal antibodies to CD105-positive MVD with assessment of regional lymph node metastasis and tumor size may help to identify patients who need more intensive surveillance after surgery for colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomonari Cho
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-8555, Japan
| | - Eisuke Shiozawa
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-8555, Japan
| | - Fumihiko Urushibara
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-8555, Japan
| | - Nana Arai
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-8555, Japan
| | - Toshitaka Funaki
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-8555, Japan
| | - Yusuke Takehara
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-8555, Japan
| | - Sakiko Tazawa
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-8555, Japan
| | - Masashi Misawa
- Digestive Disease Center, Showa University Northern Yokohama Hospital, Tsuzuki-ku, Yokohama 224-8503, Japan
| | - Mayumi Homma
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-8555, Japan
| | - Tomoko Norose
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-8555, Japan
| | - Mutsuko Omatsu
- Department of Clinico-Diagnostic Pathology, Showa University Northern Yokohama Hospital, Tsuzuki-ku, Yokohama 224-8503, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Miyachi
- Digestive Disease Center, Showa University Northern Yokohama Hospital, Tsuzuki-ku, Yokohama 224-8503, Japan
| | - Toshiko Yamochi
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-8555, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Kunimura
- Department of Clinico-Diagnostic Pathology, Showa University Northern Yokohama Hospital, Tsuzuki-ku, Yokohama 224-8503, Japan
| | - Genshu Tate
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-8555, Japan
| | - Fumio Ishida
- Digestive Disease Center, Showa University Northern Yokohama Hospital, Tsuzuki-ku, Yokohama 224-8503, Japan
| | - Shin-Ei Kudo
- Digestive Disease Center, Showa University Northern Yokohama Hospital, Tsuzuki-ku, Yokohama 224-8503, Japan
| | - Masahumi Takimoto
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-8555, Japan
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Hung AL, Garzon-Muvdi T, Lim M. Biomarkers and Immunotherapeutic Targets in Glioblastoma. World Neurosurg 2017; 102:494-506. [PMID: 28300714 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2017.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2017] [Revised: 02/28/2017] [Accepted: 03/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is an aggressive central nervous system cancer with poor prognosis despite maximal therapy. The recent advent of immunotherapy holds great promise for improving GBM survival and has already made great strides toward changing management strategies. A diverse set of biomarkers have been implicated as immunotherapeutic targets and prognostic indicators in other cancers. Some of the more extensively studied examples include cytokines (IL-4, IL-13, and TGF-β), checkpoint molecules (PD-1, CTLA-4, TIM-3, LAG-3, CD137, GITR, OX40), and growth/angiogenesis proteins (endoglin and EGFR). Emerging theories involving the tumor mutational landscape and microbiome have also been explored in relation to cancer treatment. Although identification of novel biomarkers may improve and help direct treatment of patients with GBM, the next step is to explore the role of biomarkers in precision medicine and selection of specific immunotherapeutic drugs in an individualized manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice L Hung
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Tomas Garzon-Muvdi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Michael Lim
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
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Okada Y, Sugita Y, Ohshima K, Morioka M, Komaki S, Miyoshi J, Abe H. Signaling of ghrelin and its functional receptor, the growth hormone secretagogue receptor, promote tumor growth in glioblastomas. Neuropathology 2016; 36:535-543. [DOI: 10.1111/neup.12315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2016] [Revised: 05/19/2016] [Accepted: 05/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yousuke Okada
- Department of Pathology; Kurume University School of Medicine; Kurume Japan
- Department of Neurosurgery; Kurume University School of Medicine; Kurume Japan
| | - Yasuo Sugita
- Department of Pathology; Kurume University School of Medicine; Kurume Japan
| | - Koichi Ohshima
- Department of Pathology; Kurume University School of Medicine; Kurume Japan
| | - Motohiro Morioka
- Department of Neurosurgery; Kurume University School of Medicine; Kurume Japan
| | - Satoru Komaki
- Department of Neurosurgery; Kurume University School of Medicine; Kurume Japan
| | - Junko Miyoshi
- Department of Neurosurgery; Kurume University School of Medicine; Kurume Japan
| | - Hideyuki Abe
- Department of Surgical Pathology; Kurume University School of Medicine; Kurume Japan
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Mills SJ, du Plessis D, Pal P, Thompson G, Buonacorrsi G, Soh C, Parker GJM, Jackson A. Mitotic Activity in Glioblastoma Correlates with Estimated Extravascular Extracellular Space Derived from Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced MR Imaging. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2016; 37:811-7. [PMID: 26705318 PMCID: PMC4817231 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a4623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2015] [Accepted: 10/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE A number of parameters derived from dynamic contrast-enhanced MR imaging and separate histologic features have been identified as potential prognosticators in high-grade glioma. This study evaluated the relationships between dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI-derived parameters and histologic features in glioblastoma multiforme. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty-eight patients with newly presenting glioblastoma multiforme underwent preoperative imaging (conventional imaging and T1 dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI). Parametric maps of the initial area under the contrast agent concentration curve, contrast transfer coefficient, estimate of volume of the extravascular extracellular space, and estimate of blood plasma volume were generated, and the enhancing fraction was calculated. Surgical specimens were used to assess subtype and were graded (World Health Organization classification system) and were assessed for necrosis, cell density, cellular atypia, mitotic activity, and overall vascularity scores. Quantitative assessment of endothelial surface area, vascular surface area, and a vascular profile count were made by using CD34 immunostaining. The relationships between MR imaging parameters and histopathologic features were examined. RESULTS High values of contrast transfer coefficient were associated with the presence of frank necrosis (P = .005). High values of the estimate of volume of the extravascular extracellular space were associated with a fibrillary histologic pattern (P < .01) and with increased mitotic activity (P < .05). No relationship was found between mitotic activity and histologic pattern, suggesting that the correlation between the estimate of volume of the extravascular extracellular space and mitotic activity was independent of the histologic pattern. CONCLUSIONS A correlation between the estimate of volume of the extravascular extracellular space and mitotic activity is reported. Further work is warranted to establish how dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI parameters relate to more quantitative histologic measurements, including markers of proliferation and measures of vascular endothelial growth factor expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- S J Mills
- From the Departments of Neuroradiology (S.J.M., G.T., C.S., A.J.) Imaging Science and Biomedical Engineering (S.J.M., G.T., G.B., G.J.M.P., A.J.), University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
| | - D du Plessis
- Neuropathology (D.d.P., P.P.), Salford National Health Service Foundation Trust, Salford, UK
| | - P Pal
- Neuropathology (D.d.P., P.P.), Salford National Health Service Foundation Trust, Salford, UK
| | - G Thompson
- From the Departments of Neuroradiology (S.J.M., G.T., C.S., A.J.) Imaging Science and Biomedical Engineering (S.J.M., G.T., G.B., G.J.M.P., A.J.), University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - G Buonacorrsi
- Imaging Science and Biomedical Engineering (S.J.M., G.T., G.B., G.J.M.P., A.J.), University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - C Soh
- From the Departments of Neuroradiology (S.J.M., G.T., C.S., A.J.)
| | - G J M Parker
- Imaging Science and Biomedical Engineering (S.J.M., G.T., G.B., G.J.M.P., A.J.), University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - A Jackson
- From the Departments of Neuroradiology (S.J.M., G.T., C.S., A.J.) Imaging Science and Biomedical Engineering (S.J.M., G.T., G.B., G.J.M.P., A.J.), University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
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Min L, Ling W, Hua R, Qi H, Chen S, Wang H, Tang L, Shangguan W. Anti‑angiogenic therapy for normalization of tumor vasculature: A potential effect of Buyang Huanwu decoction on nude mice bearing human hepatocellular carcinoma xenografts with high metastatic potential. Mol Med Rep 2016; 13:2518-26. [PMID: 26846752 PMCID: PMC4768951 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2016.4854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2015] [Accepted: 12/15/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the effect of Buyang Huanwu decoction (BYHWD) on tumor growth, metastasis and angiogenesis in nude mice bearing human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) HCCLM3 xenografts. A total of 96 nude mice bearing HCCLM3 xenografts were randomly divided into four groups: BYHWD group (LB), Yi-qi decoction group (LY), Huo-xue decoction group (LH) and model group (LM). Each of these groups was divided into three subgroups (n=8), which were observed on days 21, 25, 38 following treatment, respectively. The tumor weights, volumes and pulmonary metastases were recorded. The expression of CD105 and the microvessel density (MVD) were assessed, and the expression levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α), and regulator of G protein signaling 5 (RGS-5) were analyzed using immunohistochemical staining. Compared with the LM group, no significant decrease in tumor weight or volume were observed in the herbal medicine treatment groups, the number of the metastases in the lungs decreased, whereas the expression levels of RGS-5 and HIF-1α decreased in the LB group on day 35. However, the expression levels of VEGF increased in the LB group on days 28 and 35 post-treatment. The results of the present study suggested that BYHWD may inhibit angiogenesis and metastasis by affecting the expression levels of VEGF, RGS-5 and HIF-1α, and suggested that BYHWD may contribute to the tumor microenvironment and vasculature normalization in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Min
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, P.R. China
| | - Wei Ling
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, P.R. China
| | - Rong Hua
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, P.R. China
| | - Hong Qi
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, P.R. China
| | - Shenxu Chen
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, P.R. China
| | - Haiqiao Wang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, P.R. China
| | - Lumen Tang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, P.R. China
| | - Wenji Shangguan
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, P.R. China
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Abstract
Tumor neovascularization acquires their vessels through a number of processes including angiogenesis, vasculogenesis, vascular remodeling, intussusception, and possibly vascular mimicry in certain tumors. The end result of the tumor vasculature has been quantified by counting the number of immunohistochemically identified microvessels in areas of maximal vascularity, so-called hot spot. Other techniques have been developed such as Chalkley counting and the use of image analysis systems that are robust and reproducible as well as being more objective. Many of the molecular pathways that govern tumor neovascularization have been identified and many reagents are now available to study these tissue sections. These include angiogenic growth factors and their receptors and cell adhesion molecules, proteases, and markers of activated, proliferating, cytokine-stimulated, or angiogenic vessels, such as CD105. It is also possible to differentiate quiescent from active vessels. Other reagents that can identify proteins involved in microenvironmental influences such as hypoxia have also been generated. Although the histological assessment of tumor vascularity is used mostly in the research context, it may also have clinical applications if appropriate methodology and trained observers perform the studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Min Pang
- Department of Pathology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 2 St Andrews Place, Melbourne, 3002, Australia
| | - Nicholas Jene
- Department of Pathology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 2 St Andrews Place, Melbourne, 3002, Australia
| | - Stephen B Fox
- Department of Pathology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 2 St Andrews Place, Melbourne, 3002, Australia.
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Nakashima S, Sugita Y, Miyoshi H, Arakawa F, Muta H, Ishibashi Y, Niino D, Ohshima K, Terasaki M, Nakamura Y, Morioka M. Endothelin B receptor expression in malignant gliomas: the perivascular immune escape mechanism of gliomas. J Neurooncol 2015; 127:23-32. [PMID: 26645886 DOI: 10.1007/s11060-015-2017-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2015] [Accepted: 11/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
In order to clarify the role of endothelin B receptors (ETBRs) in gliomas, we analyzed cell cultures and surgical specimens of gliomas using RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry. RT-PCR measured the absolute expression of ETBR mRNA in twelve samples, which included gliomas that were classified using the World Health Organization (WHO) classification system Grade I-IV, as well as two glioblastoma cell lines (CCF-STTG1 and U87-MG). Using immunohistochemistry, 77 glioma specimens were evaluated for their expression of ETBR and infiltrating T lymphocytes, including an analysis of cytotoxic T cells (CTLs) and regulatory T lymphocytes (Tregs). The number of ETBR-positive vessels in the glioblastomas (Grade IV) was significantly higher than in other grades of gliomas (comparisons to Grade IV, Grade I: p = 0.0323, Grade II: p = 0.0009, Grade III: p = 0.0273). The ETBR expression rate (defined as the number of ETBR-positive blood vessels divided by the total number of blood vessels) in the glioblastomas was higher than the ETBR expression rate in the low-grade gliomas (compared to Grade IV, Grade I: p = 0.0132, Grade II: p = 0.0018, Grade III: p = 0.0745). In addition, the cases which had an ETBR expression rate of 50 % or higher exhibited fewer infiltrating CTLs and more infiltrating Tregs compared to the cases with an ETBR expression rate <50 % (CTLs: p = 0.0342; Tregs: p = 0.0175). Isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH-1) mutations were identified in 21 cases, but there was no correlation between ETBR expression and IDH-1 mutations for any WHO grade. These results suggest that ETBR expression during neo-angiogenesis may interfere with the homing of CTLs around the tumor and be involved in the immune escape mechanism of gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinji Nakashima
- Department of Pathology, Kurume University School of Medicine, 67 Asahimachi, Kurume, Fukuoka, 830-0011, Japan. .,Department of Neurosurgery, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Fukuoka, Japan.
| | - Yasuo Sugita
- Department of Pathology, Kurume University School of Medicine, 67 Asahimachi, Kurume, Fukuoka, 830-0011, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Miyoshi
- Department of Pathology, Kurume University School of Medicine, 67 Asahimachi, Kurume, Fukuoka, 830-0011, Japan
| | - Fumiko Arakawa
- Department of Pathology, Kurume University School of Medicine, 67 Asahimachi, Kurume, Fukuoka, 830-0011, Japan
| | - Hiroko Muta
- Department of Pathology, Kurume University School of Medicine, 67 Asahimachi, Kurume, Fukuoka, 830-0011, Japan
| | - Yukinao Ishibashi
- Department of Pathology, Kurume University School of Medicine, 67 Asahimachi, Kurume, Fukuoka, 830-0011, Japan
| | - Daisuke Niino
- Department of Pathology, Kurume University School of Medicine, 67 Asahimachi, Kurume, Fukuoka, 830-0011, Japan
| | - Koichi Ohshima
- Department of Pathology, Kurume University School of Medicine, 67 Asahimachi, Kurume, Fukuoka, 830-0011, Japan
| | - Mizuhiko Terasaki
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yukihiko Nakamura
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Motohiro Morioka
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Fukuoka, Japan
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Bennett IE, Guo H, Kountouri N, D'abaco GM, Hovens CM, Moffat BA, Desmond P, Drummond K, Kaye AH, Morokoff AP. Preoperative biomarkers of tumour vascularity are elevated in patients with glioblastoma multiforme. J Clin Neurosci 2015; 22:1802-8. [PMID: 26308396 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocn.2015.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2015] [Accepted: 06/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the correlation between the circulating and imaging biomarkers of tumour vascularity, and examined whether they are prognostic of outcomes in patients with glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). Despite the increasing use of anti-angiogenic agents within neuro-oncology, there are still no validated biomarkers to monitor for a treatment response or relapse. The pre- and postoperative circulating endothelial cell (CEC) and progenitor cell (CEP) levels were assessed. Preoperative perfusion-weighted MRI (PWI) was also performed, and the relative cerebral blood volume (rCBV) histogram statistics of the contrast-enhancing tumour were analysed. A novel PWI parameter (rCBVload) was developed to estimate the total volume of perfused tumour vessels, and it was hypothesised that this parameter would correlate with CEC and CEP concentrations. In total, 24 GBM patients were included. The mean preoperative CEC concentration was significantly higher in GBM patients than the controls (p=0.019), and it then declined significantly postoperatively (p=0.009). The preoperative CEP levels were significantly correlated with the median tumour rCBV (Spearman rank-order coefficient=0.526; p=0.039). Neither CEC nor CEP was correlated with the total tumour vessel volume, as measured by rCBVload. None of the biomarkers that were investigated showed a significant correlation with progression-free or overall survival. We conclude that CEC are potentially useful biomarkers to monitor GBM patients during treatment. We found that CEC are increased in the presence of GBM, and that CEP levels appear to be proportional to tumour vascularity, as measured on PWI. However, in this study, none of the biomarkers of GBM vascularity were highly prognostic of patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iwan E Bennett
- Department of Surgery, The University of Melbourne, Grattan Street, Parkville, VIC 3050, Australia
| | - Hui Guo
- Department of Surgery, The University of Melbourne, Grattan Street, Parkville, VIC 3050, Australia
| | - Nicole Kountouri
- Department of Surgery, The University of Melbourne, Grattan Street, Parkville, VIC 3050, Australia
| | - Giovanna M D'abaco
- Department of Surgery, The University of Melbourne, Grattan Street, Parkville, VIC 3050, Australia
| | - Christopher M Hovens
- Department of Surgery, The University of Melbourne, Grattan Street, Parkville, VIC 3050, Australia
| | - Bradford A Moffat
- Department of Radiology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Patricia Desmond
- Department of Radiology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Katharine Drummond
- Department of Surgery, The University of Melbourne, Grattan Street, Parkville, VIC 3050, Australia; Department of Neurosurgery, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Andrew H Kaye
- Department of Surgery, The University of Melbourne, Grattan Street, Parkville, VIC 3050, Australia; Department of Neurosurgery, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Andrew P Morokoff
- Department of Surgery, The University of Melbourne, Grattan Street, Parkville, VIC 3050, Australia; Department of Neurosurgery, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
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Jia ZZ, Gu HM, Zhou XJ, Shi JL, Li MD, Zhou GF, Wu XH. The assessment of immature microvascular density in brain gliomas with dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging. Eur J Radiol 2015; 84:1805-9. [PMID: 26066470 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2015.05.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2015] [Revised: 05/19/2015] [Accepted: 05/30/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study was designed to quantitatively evaluate the immature microvascular density (MVD) of brain gliomas using the volume transfer constant (K(trans)) and volume of extravascular extracellular space per unit volume of tissue (Ve) from dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) noninvasively. MATERIALS AND METHODS Fifty-seven patients (35 males, 22 females; age range, 14-70, mean age 46±12 years old) with brain glioma were included in this study. The maximal values of K(trans) and Ve of all patients with brain glioma (grade II 24, III 7 and IV 26) were obtained. The CD105-microvascular density (CD105-MVD) of each tumor was measured in surgical specimen. The differences of K(trans), Ve and CD105-MVD between the different grades of gliomas were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U-test. The Pearman correlation coefficient was determined between K(trans), Ve and CD105-MVD. A P-value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS The differences in K(trans), Ve and CD105-MVD were statistically significant between low-grade glioma (LGG) and high-grade glioma (HGG) (P=0.001, P<0.001, P<0.001). The K(trans), Ve and CD105-MVD of grade II were significantly lower than those of grade III and IV. K(trans) and Ve were positively correlated with CD105-MVD in HGG (P<0.001, P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest DCE-MRI plays an important part in noninvasively evaluating the immature MVD of brain gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong Zheng Jia
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, 20 Xisi Road Nantong, 226001 Jiangsu, PR China.
| | - Hong Mei Gu
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, 20 Xisi Road Nantong, 226001 Jiangsu, PR China.
| | - Xue Jun Zhou
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, 20 Xisi Road Nantong, 226001 Jiangsu, PR China.
| | - Jin Long Shi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, 20 Xisi Road, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, PR China.
| | - Min Da Li
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, 20 Xisi Road Nantong, 226001 Jiangsu, PR China.
| | - Guo Feng Zhou
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, 20 Xisi Road Nantong, 226001 Jiangsu, PR China.
| | - Xian Hua Wu
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, 20 Xisi Road Nantong, 226001 Jiangsu, PR China.
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Thuy MN, Kam JK, Lee GC, Tao PL, Ling DQ, Cheng M, Goh SK, Papachristos AJ, Shukla L, Wall KL, Smoll NR, Jones JJ, Gikenye N, Soh B, Moffat B, Johnson N, Drummond KJ. A novel literature-based approach to identify genetic and molecular predictors of survival in glioblastoma multiforme: Analysis of 14,678 patients using systematic review and meta-analytical tools. J Clin Neurosci 2015; 22:785-99. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jocn.2014.10.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2014] [Revised: 10/21/2014] [Accepted: 10/25/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Microvessel Landscape Assessment in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma: Unclear Value of Targeting Endoglin (CD105) as Prognostic Factor of Clinical Outcome. Pancreas 2015; 44:87-92. [PMID: 25058886 DOI: 10.1097/mpa.0000000000000197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Tumor angiogenesis based on microvessel density assessment has been associated with poor prognosis in several studies of patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Expression of endoglin (CD105), a tumor-induced vascularization marker, has been found to represent a negative prognostic factor in many malignant tumors. The aim of our study was to assess the value of tumoral microvascularity both with pan-endothelial markers and endoglin as well, in correlation with the clinical outcome of patients with PDAC. METHODS Fifty-eight patients with PDAC, 36 males and 22 females, with a mean (SD) age of 65.4 (10.0) years were included in the study. Deparaffinized sections from formalin-fixed areas both from the center and periphery (invasion front) of the tumors were immunostained for CD105 as well as for the endothelial markers CD31 and CD34. Tumoral angiogenesis was assessed on the basis of microvessel density (number of vessels per square millimeter) and on microvascular area (square micrometers) as well. RESULTS High intratumoral microvascular area, in endoglin-stained sections, was found to be of marginal prognostic significance for recurrence (log rank, P 0.05). Survival was also marginally associated with CD31 intratumoral microvascular area (log rank, P 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Further studies are needed before endoglin replaces the conventional angiogenesis markers in PDCA.
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Boroujerdi A, Milner R. Defining the critical hypoxic threshold that promotes vascular remodeling in the brain. Exp Neurol 2015; 263:132-40. [PMID: 25448157 PMCID: PMC4261640 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2014.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2014] [Revised: 10/07/2014] [Accepted: 10/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
In animal models, hypoxic pre-conditioning confers protection against subsequent neurological insults, mediated in part through an extensive vascular remodeling response. In light of the therapeutic potential of this effect, the goal of this study was to establish the dose-response relationship between level of hypoxia and the extent of cerebrovascular modeling, and to define the mildest level of hypoxia that promotes remodeling. Mice were exposed to different levels of continuous hypoxia (8-21% O2) for seven days before several aspects of vascular remodeling were evaluated, including endothelial proliferation, total vascular area, arteriogenesis, and fibronectin/α5β1 integrin expression. For most events, the threshold level of hypoxia that stimulated remodeling was 12-13% O2. Interestingly, many parameters displayed a biphasic dose-response curve, with peak levels attained at 10% O2, but declined thereafter. Further analysis in the 12-13% O2 range revealed that vascular remodeling occurs by two separate mechanisms: (i) endothelial hyperplasia, triggered by a hypoxic threshold of 13% O2, which leads to increased capillary growth, and (ii) endothelial hypertrophy, triggered by a more severe hypoxic threshold of 12% O2, which leads to expansion of large vessels and arteriogenesis. Taken together, these results define the hypoxic thresholds for vascular remodeling in the brain, and point to two separate mechanisms mediating this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amin Boroujerdi
- Department of Molecular and Experimental Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Richard Milner
- Department of Molecular and Experimental Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
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Gordon MS, Robert F, Matei D, Mendelson DS, Goldman JW, Chiorean EG, Strother RM, Seon BK, Figg WD, Peer CJ, Alvarez D, Adams BJ, Theuer CP, Rosen LS. An open-label phase Ib dose-escalation study of TRC105 (anti-endoglin antibody) with bevacizumab in patients with advanced cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2014; 20:5918-26. [PMID: 25261556 PMCID: PMC4570619 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-14-1143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Endoglin, an endothelial cell membrane receptor expressed on angiogenic tumor vessels, is essential for angiogenesis and upregulated in the setting of VEGF inhibition. TRC105 is an anti-endoglin IgG1 monoclonal antibody that potentiates VEGF inhibitors in preclinical models. This study assessed safety, pharmacokinetics, and antitumor activity of TRC105 in combination with bevacizumab. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Patients (n = 38) with advanced solid tumors, Eastern Cooperative Group performance status 0-1, and normal organ function were treated with escalating doses of TRC105 plus bevacizumab until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity using a standard 3 + 3 phase I design. RESULTS TRC105 and bevacizumab were well tolerated at their recommended single-agent doses (10 mg/kg) when the initial dose of TRC105 was delayed by one week and divided over 2 days to limit the frequency of headache. The concurrent administration of bevacizumab and TRC105 did not otherwise potentiate known toxicities of TRC105 or bevacizumab. Hypertension and proteinuria were observed, though not at rates expected for single-agent bevacizumab. Several patients who had previously progressed on bevacizumab or VEGF receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor (VEGFR TKI) treatment experienced reductions in tumor volume, including two partial responses by RECIST, and 6 remained without progression for longer periods than during their prior VEGF inhibitor therapy. CONCLUSIONS TRC105 was well tolerated with bevacizumab and clinical activity was observed in a VEGF inhibitor-refractory population. Ongoing clinical trials are testing TRC105 in combination with bevacizumab in glioblastoma and with VEGFR TKIs in renal cell carcinoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, and soft tissue sarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Daniela Matei
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | | | | | - E Gabriela Chiorean
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana. University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | | | - Ben K Seon
- Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York
| | - William D Figg
- Clinical Pharmacology Program, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Cody J Peer
- Clinical Pharmacology Program, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | | | | | | | - Lee S Rosen
- UCLA Department of Medicine, Los Angeles, California
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Abstract
Endoglin is a homodimeric cell membrane glycoprotein receptor for transforming growth factor β and bone morphogenetic proteins. Endoglin is essential for angiogenesis, being densely expressed on proliferating endothelial cells and upregulated during hypoxia. Its expression is implicated in development of resistance to vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) inhibition. TRC105 is an antibody that binds endoglin and prevents endothelial cell activation. Targeting endoglin and the VEGF pathway concurrently improves treatment in vitro and appears to reverse resistance to bevacizumab in some refractory cancer patients. Randomized trials are under way to assess the clinical benefit of adding TRC105 therapy to bevacizumab therapy. Further trials are under way to assess the activity of TRC105 with small-molecule inhibitors of the VEGF pathway in renal cell carcinoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, and soft tissue sarcoma. Stratification of soft tissue sarcomas based on endoglin expression levels is proposed to identify patients most likely to benefit from TRC105 treatment. The development of a TRC105 antibody-drug conjugate is also described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lee S Rosen
- Hematology-Oncology, UCLA Medical Center Santa Monica, 2020 Santa Monica Blvd, Ste 600, Santa Monica, CA, 90404, USA,
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Ding X, Wang W, Wang Y, Bao X, Wang Y, Wang C, Chen J, Zhang F, Zhou J. Versatile Reticular Polyethylenimine Derivative-Mediated Targeted Drug and Gene Codelivery for Tumor Therapy. Mol Pharm 2014; 11:3307-21. [DOI: 10.1021/mp5001263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xuefang Ding
- State
Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Wei Wang
- State
Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yazhe Wang
- State
Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Xiuli Bao
- State
Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Collaborative
Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine,
Department of Pharmacology, Nanjing Medical University, 140 Hanzhong
Road, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Cheng Wang
- State
Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Jian Chen
- School
of Pharmacy, Fu Dan University, 826 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Fangrong Zhang
- State
Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Jianping Zhou
- State
Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, China
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Clara CA, Marie SKN, de Almeida JRW, Wakamatsu A, Oba-Shinjo SM, Uno M, Neville M, Rosemberg S. Angiogenesis and expression of PDGF-C, VEGF, CD105 and HIF-1α in human glioblastoma. Neuropathology 2014; 34:343-52. [PMID: 24612214 DOI: 10.1111/neup.12111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2013] [Revised: 01/24/2014] [Accepted: 01/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM), the most frequent and aggressive brain tumor, is characterized by marked angiogenesis directly related to invasiveness and poor prognosis. Hypoxia is considered to be an important stimulus for angiogenesis by inducing hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF-1α) overexpression that activates platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) and VEGF. The aim of this study is to analyze the expression of PDGF-C, VEGF in endothelial and tumor cells of GBM and their relation to HIF-1α expression. Two hundred and eight GBM cases were studied by tissue microarray immunohistochemical preparation. Expression of HIF-1α, VEGF and PDGF-C was observed in 184 (88.5%), 131 (63%) and 160 (76.9%) tumor cases, respectively. The numbers of vessels were quantified by CD34, PDGF-C, VEGF and CD105 staining, and were in median 20, 16, 5 and 6, respectively. The GBMs that showed positive or negative expression for HIF-1α showed a median vascular density of 30 and 14, respectively, for CD34 (P < 0.015). Positive expression for HIF-1α was correlated with VEGF and PDGF-C expression in tumors (P < 0.001). There was a significant correlation between VEGF and PDGF-C expression in the cytoplasm of GBM tumor cells (P < 0.0001). We showed that VEGF expression in tumor cells was correlated with its expression in blood vessels (P < 0.0001). Endothelial cells with PDGF-C and VEGF positive expression were also positive for CD105 and their nuclei for Ki-67, confirming the neoangiogenic and proliferative influence of VEGF and PDGF-C. VEGF nuclear staining in tumor cells (P = 0.002) as well as nuclear staining for HIF-1α and VEGF (P = 0.005) correlated with survival. In summary, our present findings of the concomitant upregulation of PDGF-C with VEGF in GBM tumor cells and vessels further reinforce the benefit of using combined anti-angiogenic approaches to potentially improve the therapeutic response for GBM.
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Kuhn SA, Martin M, Brodhun M, Kratzsch T, Hanisch UK, Haberl H. Overexpression of protease-activated receptor type 1 (PAR-1) in glioblastoma multiforme WHO IV cells and blood vessels revealed by NCAM-assisted glioblastoma border labeling. Neurol Res 2014; 36:709-21. [PMID: 24620969 DOI: 10.1179/1743132813y.0000000303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastomas are neuroepithelial tumors with lost cellular differentiation and tenfold increased growth rates compared to low-grade gliomas. Despite of very aggressive treatment options based on surgery, irradiation, and chemotherapy, the prognosis of affected patients has remained poor and showed only slight improvements during the last 30 years. Research on glioblastoma border zone was hindered by the tumor's intense invasion into the brain parenchyma and the lack of suitable tumor cell markers. Nevertheless, the compact tumor mass and tumor invasion zone are composed of distinct cell types that need to be distinguished from each other to be addressed selectively. As the isoform 140 of the neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM-140) was recently demonstrated to be lost in human gliomas with rising WHO grade, human multiform glioblastomas were characterized as a NCAM-140 negative entity displaying three main distinct invasion patterns. Evaluation of putative therapy targets within the tumor tissue and tumor invasion zone has been made possible through NCAM-140 negativity. In the present study, brain tissue controls and human glioblastoma samples with compact tumor mass and invasion areas were analyzed for their vascularization at the tumor border and the expression of thrombin receptor protease-activated receptor type 1 (PAR-1) within tumor tissue and vascular vessel walls. Use of NCAM-140 enabled the identification of the tumor invasion zone and its experimental investigation. Tissue vascularization was found to be significantly increased in the compact tumor mass of glioblastomas compared to their invasion zone and tumor-free controls with a significantly high and specific overexpression of PAR-1 within tumor cells and within tumor blood vessels depending upon the tumor area. This suggests thereby a functional role of the thrombin receptor PAR-1 in glioma cell malignancy and glioblastoma neoangiogenesis.
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Xia X, Du R, Zhao L, Sun W, Wang X. Expression of AEG-1 and microvessel density correlates with metastasis and prognosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma. Hum Pathol 2014; 45:858-65. [PMID: 24656097 DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2013.08.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2013] [Revised: 08/21/2013] [Accepted: 08/28/2013] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Astrocyte elevated gene 1 (AEG-1) expression is up-regulated in various human cancers and plays an important role in tumorigenesis and progression. The aim of this study was to explore AEG-1 expression in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and to assess whether it is associated with microvessel density (MVD), metastasis, and survival. Specimens from 87 patients with OSCC were investigated by immunohistochemistry staining for AEG-1 and MVD. By statistical analysis, we studied the correlations between the expression of AEG-1 and MVD and various clinicopathological factors, including overall survival (OS). We found that AEG-1 was highly expressed in 51.72% of OSCC. Expression was closely correlated with differentiation, clinical stage, T classification, and lymph node metastasis. The MVD had similar results. Expression of AEG-1 correlated positively with MVD. The lymph node metastatic rate in patients with high AEG-1/high MVD was significantly higher than in patients with high AEG-1/low MVD, low AEG-1/high MVD, or low AEG-1/low MVD. Patients with high AEG-1 expression showed far lower OS rates than those with low expression. For MVD, there were similar results. Only AEG-1 and MVD expression were independent prognostic factors for OS by multivariate analysis. Expression of AEG-1 may be correlated with tumor angiogenesis and metastasis and is a valuable prognostic factor in patients with OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianyin Xia
- Department of Dentistry, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Ruirui Du
- Department of Dentistry, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Lingbo Zhao
- Department of Dentistry, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Wenjing Sun
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Xiumei Wang
- Department of Dentistry, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China.
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Abstract
The formation of new blood vessels is a major hallmark in the process of malignant transformation in human glioblastomas. In diffusely infiltrating gliomas, enhanced angiogenesis is associated with decreased patient survival rates and therefore serves as a central diagnostic criterion according to the WHO (World Health Organization) classification of tumors of the central nervous system (CNS). However, the assessment of what a newly built blood vessel really is and how the extent of glioma-associated angiogenesis can be estimated in vivo is often a highly subjective procedure with imprecise criteria depending on the experience of the neuropathologist. The increased interest in translational medicine and anti-angiogenic treatment strategies implies that basic researchers in glioma angiogenesis are frequently asked to validate their findings in patient material to provide evidence for potential clinical relevance of their results. Therefore, more precise methods and measurement techniques are needed to objectively measure the extent of angiogenesis in human glioblastoma samples. The present synopsis provides an overview about morphological methods to assess the formation of new blood vessels by quantitative imaging using histological and immunohistochemical marker profiles.
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Abstract
Brain tumors are one of the most challenging disorders encountered, and early and accurate diagnosis is essential for the management and treatment of these tumors. In this article, diagnostic modalities including single-photon emission computed tomography, positron emission tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and optical imaging are reviewed. We mainly focus on the newly emerging, specific imaging probes, and their potential use in animal models and clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huile Gao
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education & PLA, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, 826 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xinguo Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education & PLA, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, 826 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, China
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Markers of angiogenesis (CD31, CD34, rCBV) and their prognostic value in low-grade gliomas. Neurol Neurochir Pol 2013; 47:325-31. [PMID: 23986422 DOI: 10.5114/ninp.2013.36757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Antigens CD31 and CD34 and relative cerebral blood volume (rCBV) in gliomas reflect in different ways neoangiogenesis of the tumour. Thus, we decided: (1) to estimate the correlation between the values of CD31 and CD34 and the value of rCBV in low-grade gliomas (LGG), and (2) to establish the prognostic value of these markers. MATERIAL AND METHODS The investigated group consisted of 53 patients with LGG who were operated on in the Neurosurgical Department at Sosnowiec between 2005 and 2011. On the basis of perfusion-weighted imaging (PWI-MRI) in the tumour texture, rCBV was calculated. The values of CD31 and CD34 were estimated on the basis of immunohistochemical investigation. Three outcome measures were assessed: (1) overall survival, (2) progression-free survival, and (3) malignant-free survival. Statistical analyses were done using the STATISTICA 9.0 program. RESULTS Higher value of rCBV in the texture of LGG significantly correlated with higher CD31 (p = 0.0006) and CD34 values (p = 0.0043). Progression-free survival was significantly longer in patients with rCBV < 1.75 than for persons with rCBV > 1.75 (p = 0.015). Lower expression of CD31 correlated with probability of longer survival of the patients after the operation of LGG (p = 0.068). CONCLUSIONS Density of microvessels as assessed immunohistochemically with CD31+ and CD34+ in LGG correlated with the value of rCBV in the tumour. The value of 1.75 for rCBV may be the threshold for better or poorer outcome of these patients. Expression of CD31 antigen is an important prognostic factor for the time of survival for patients with LGG.
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Jensen RL, Mumert ML, Gillespie DL, Kinney AY, Schabel MC, Salzman KL. Preoperative dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI correlates with molecular markers of hypoxia and vascularity in specific areas of intratumoral microenvironment and is predictive of patient outcome. Neuro Oncol 2013; 16:280-91. [PMID: 24305704 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/not148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Measures of tumor vascularity and hypoxia have been correlated with glioma grade and outcome. Dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) MRI can noninvasively map tumor blood flow, vascularity, and permeability. In this prospective observational cohort pilot study, preoperative imaging was correlated with molecular markers of hypoxia, vascularity, proliferation, and progression-free and overall patient survival. METHODS Pharmacokinetic modeling methods were used to generate maps of tumor blood flow, extraction fraction, permeability-surface area product, transfer constant, washout rate, interstitial volume, blood volume, capillary transit time, and capillary heterogeneity from preoperative DCE-MRI data in human glioma patients. Tissue was obtained from areas of peritumoral edema, active tumor, hypoxic penumbra, and necrotic core and evaluated for vascularity, proliferation, and expression of hypoxia-regulated molecules. DCE-MRI parameter values were correlated with hypoxia-regulated protein expression at tissue sample sites. RESULTS Patient survival correlated with DCE parameters in 2 cases: capillary heterogeneity in active tumor and interstitial volume in areas of peritumoral edema. Statistically significant correlations were observed between several DCE parameters and tissue markers. In addition, MIB-1 index was predictive of overall survival (P = .044) and correlated with vascular endothelial growth factor expression in hypoxic penumbra (r = 0.7933, P = .0071) and peritumoral edema (r = 0.4546). Increased microvessel density correlated with worse patient outcome (P = .026). CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that DCE-MRI may facilitate noninvasive preoperative predictions of areas of tumor with increased hypoxia and proliferation. Both imaging and hypoxia biomarkers are predictive of patient outcome. This has the potential to allow unprecedented prognostic decisions and to guide therapies to specific tumor areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Randy L Jensen
- Corresponding author: Randy L. Jensen, MD, PhD, Huntsman Cancer Institute and Departments of Neurosurgery, Radiation Oncology, Oncological Sciences, Clinical Neuroscience Center, University of Utah, 175 North Medical Drive, Salt Lake City, Utah 84132.
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Miyata Y, Sagara Y, Watanabe SI, Asai A, Matsuo T, Ohba K, Hayashi T, Sakai H. CD105 is a more appropriate marker for evaluating angiogenesis in urothelial cancer of the upper urinary tract than CD31 or CD34. Virchows Arch 2013; 463:673-9. [PMID: 23975255 PMCID: PMC3825622 DOI: 10.1007/s00428-013-1463-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2013] [Revised: 04/30/2013] [Accepted: 07/18/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Angiogenesis plays an important role in cancer progression in many types of cancer. Evaluation of angiogenesis is often performed, but the optimal methodology for human cancer has not been agreed upon. As adequate evaluation of angiogenesis in cancer tissues might be important for prediction of prognosis and treatment decisions, we evaluated angiogenesis semiquantitatively by assessing microvessel density (MVD) in urothelial cancer of the upper urinary tract (UC-UUT). We compared the performance of three endothelial cell markers (CD31, CD34, and CD105) on formalin-fixed tissues from 122 patients diagnosed with UC-UUT without metastasis. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-A expression was also evaluated immunohistochemically. Correlations between MVD with each marker and pT stage, grade, survival, and VEGF-A expression were investigated. Mean (standard deviation) MVD as estimated by immunohistochemical staining with anti-CD31, anti-CD34, and anti-CD105 were 47.1 (17.9)/high-power field (HPF), 70.9 (19.5)/HPF, and 31.2 (16.7)/HPF, respectively. Although all MVDs were significantly associated with pT stage and grade, CD105-MVD showed the strongest association. Similarly, CD105-MVD showed the strongest correlation with VEGF-A expression (r = 0.530, p < 0.001). Although all MVDs were associated with metastasis-free survival and cause-specific survival on univariate analysis, only CD105-MVD was retained as an independent predictor in multivariate analysis including pT stage and grade. CD105-MVD may be the preferred marker for semiquantitative assessment of angiogenesis in patients with UC-UUT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuyoshi Miyata
- Department of Nephro-Urology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8501, Japan,
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Kim YG, Jeon S, Sin GY, Shim JK, Kim BK, Shin HJ, Lee JH, Huh YM, Lee SJ, Kim EH, Park EK, Kim SH, Chang JH, Kim DS, Kim SH, Hong YK, Kang SG, Lang FF. Existence of glioma stroma mesenchymal stemlike cells in Korean glioma specimens. Childs Nerv Syst 2013; 29:549-63. [PMID: 23274635 DOI: 10.1007/s00381-012-1988-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2012] [Accepted: 11/23/2012] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE It was presented that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can be isolated from western glioma specimens. However, whether MSCs exist in glioma specimens of different ethnicities is unknown. To verify the existence of MSCs in an independent cohort, we undertook studies to isolate MSCs from a group of Korean patients. We hypothesized that cells resembling MSCs that were deemed mesenchymal stemlike cells (MSLCs) exist in an independent cohort of Korean gliomas. METHODS We cultured fresh glioma specimens using the protocols used for culturing MSCs. The cultured cells were analyzed with fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) for surface markers associated with MSCs. Cultured cells were exposed to mesenchymal differentiation conditions. To presume possible locations of MSLCs in the glioma, sections of glioma were analyzed by immunofluorescent labeling for CD105, CD31, and NG2. RESULTS From nine of 31 glioma specimens, we isolated cells resembling MSCs, which were deemed Korean glioma stroma MSLCs (KGS-MSLCs). KGS-MSLCs were spindle shaped and adherent to plastic. KGS-MSLCs had similar surface markers to MSCs (CD105(+), CD90(+), CD73(+), and CD45(-)). KGS-MSLCs were capable of mesenchymal differentiation and might be located around endothelial cells, pericytes, and in a disorganized perivascular area inside glioma stroma. CONCLUSIONS We found that cells resembling MSCs indeed exist in an independent cohort of glioma patients, as presented in western populations. We could presume that the possible location of KGS-MSLCs was in perivascular area or in glioma stroma that was a disorganized vascular niche. It might be possible that KGS-MSLCs could be one of constituent of stroma of glioma microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Goo Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Romano S, Romano MF. Tumour prevention and tumour progression: a dual role for statins? Curr Opin Pharmacol 2013; 13:309-10. [PMID: 23474395 DOI: 10.1016/j.coph.2013.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Simona Romano
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, Federico II University of Naples, Italy
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