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Pérez-Esteban A, Díez-Gómez A, Pérez-Albéniz A, Al-Halabí S, Lucas-Molina B, Debbané M, Fonseca-Pedrero E. The assessment of transdiagnostic dimensions of emotional disorders: Validation of the Multidimensional Emotional Disorders Inventory (MEDI) in adolescents with subthreshold anxiety and depression. J Affect Disord 2024; 357:138-147. [PMID: 38685278 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.04.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The transdiagnostic approach to psychopathology has emerged as an alternative to traditional taxonomic approaches. The Multidimensional Emotional Disorders Inventory (MEDI) is a specifically designed self-report to measure the transdiagnostic dimensions proposed by Brown and Barlow (2009). This study aims to analyse the psychometric properties of the MEDI scores in adolescents with subthreshold anxiety and depression. METHOD The sample consisted of a total of 476 students. The mean age was 13.77 years (SD = 1.43) (range 10 to 18 years), 73.9 % were females. Several questionnaires assessing positive affect, negative affect, mental health difficulties, and quality of life were used. RESULTS The original 9-factor structure of the MEDI was confirmed with good fit indices. Satisfactory levels of internal consistency were observed in most of the MEDI scores using McDonald's Omega, ranging from 0.58 to 0.87. The MEDI dimensions were associated with psychopathology, positive affect, negative affect, and quality of life. LIMITATIONS Reliance on self-reported data, a cross-sectional design limiting temporal assessment, and a 73.9 % female gender imbalance. CONCLUSION The MEDI scores showed adequate psychometric properties among adolescents with subclinical emotional symptoms. The results found might have potential clinical implications for conceptualization, assessment, intervention, and prevention of emotional disorders at both clinical and research levels.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Martin Debbané
- Developmental Clinical Psychology Research Unit, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Geneva, Switzerland; Research Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, University College London, United Kingdom
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Burns C, Jo J, Williams K, Davis P, Amedy A, Anesi TJ, Prosak OL, Rigney GH, Terry DP, Zuckerman SL. Subclinical, long-term psychological symptoms following sport-related concussion: are athletes more depressed than we think? Brain Inj 2024; 38:637-644. [PMID: 38572738 DOI: 10.1080/02699052.2024.2334352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In adolescent and collegiate athletes with sport-related concussion (SRC), we sought to evaluate the prevalence and predictors of long-term psychological symptoms. METHODS A cohort study was conducted of athletes 12-24-year-old diagnosed with SRC between November 2017 and April 2022. Athletes/proxies were interviewed on psychological symptoms (i.e. anger, anxiety, depression, and stress). Participants who scored ≥75th percentile on one or more PROMIS (Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement System) measures were operationalized to have subclinical, long-term psychological symptoms. Uni/multivariable regressions were used. RESULTS Of 96 participants (60.4% male), the average age was 16.6 ± 2.6 years. The median time from concussion to interview was 286 days (IQR: 247-420). A total of 36.5% athletes demonstrated subclinical, long-term psychological symptoms. Univariate logistic regression revealed significant predictors of these symptoms: history of psychiatric disorder (OR = 7.42 95% CI 1.37,40.09), substance use (OR = 4.65 95% CI 1.15,18.81), new medical diagnosis since concussion (OR = 3.43 95% CI 1.27,9.26), amnesia (OR = 3.42 95% CI 1.02,11.41), other orthopedic injuries since concussion (OR = 3.11 95% CI 1.18,8.21), age (OR = 1.24 95% CI 1.03,1.48), days to return-to-play (OR = 1.02 95% CI 1.00,1.03), and psychiatric medication use (OR = 0.19 95% CI 0.05,0.74). Multivariable model revealed significant predictors: orthopedic injuries (OR = 5.17 95% CI 1.12,24.00) and return-to-play (OR = 1.02 95% CI 1.00,1.04). CONCLUSIONS Approximately one in three athletes endorsed long-term psychological symptoms. Predictors of these symptoms included orthopedic injuries and delayed RTP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carter Burns
- Meharry Medical College, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Jacob Jo
- Vanderbilt Sports Concussion Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Kristen Williams
- Vanderbilt Sports Concussion Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Phil Davis
- Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Amad Amedy
- Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Trevor J Anesi
- Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Olivia L Prosak
- Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
| | | | - Douglas P Terry
- Vanderbilt Sports Concussion Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Scott L Zuckerman
- Vanderbilt Sports Concussion Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
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Seibel L, Harris KM, López R, Wolff J, Spirito A, Esposito-Smythers C. Perceived burdensomeness and thwarted belongingness as mediators of the relation between anxiety and suicidal ideation among adolescents. Suicide Life Threat Behav 2024. [PMID: 38778704 DOI: 10.1111/sltb.13094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Anxiety and suicidal ideation have been shown to be positively related in adolescents. However, less is known about the strength of this association across different types of anxiety or the mechanisms through which this relation exists. Joiner's interpersonal theory of suicide suggests that thwarted belongingness (TB) and perceived burdensomeness (PB) lead to suicidal ideation; these constructs may explain a pathway through which anxiety and suicidal ideation are related. It was hypothesized that TB would mediate the relation between social anxiety disorder (SAD) symptoms and suicidal ideation, and PB would mediate the relation between generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) symptoms and suicidal ideation. METHODS These longitudinal mediation models were assessed using data collected from 147 depressed adolescents, who were recently hospitalized for suicidal ideation or behavior, enrolled in a randomized controlled trial (RCT). RESULTS Consistent with study hypotheses, PB mediated the relation between GAD symptoms and suicidal ideation severity. However, TB did not mediate the relation between SAD symptoms and suicidal ideation severity. CONCLUSION These results suggest that screening for and addressing PB among youth with GAD may help reduce risk for suicidal behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Seibel
- Department of Psychology, George Mason University, Fairfax, Virginia, USA
| | - Katherine M Harris
- Department of Psychology, George Mason University, Fairfax, Virginia, USA
| | - Roberto López
- Department of Psychology, George Mason University, Fairfax, Virginia, USA
| | - Jennifer Wolff
- Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Anthony Spirito
- Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
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Keats L, Jose PE, Salmon K. Specificity and valence of adolescents' turning point memory narratives: Relationships with depressive symptoms over time. Behav Res Ther 2024; 179:104570. [PMID: 38776597 DOI: 10.1016/j.brat.2024.104570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Although recent research suggests that, for community youth, greater specific (episodic) detail in self-relevant turning point memory narratives predicts depressive symptoms over time, no research has investigated whether the narratives' specificity similarly predicts depression. Therefore, we investigated whether recalling a specific (unique, 24-hour or less) turning point narrative predicted youth depressive symptoms concurrently and across 6 months (Study 1), and, for a subset of participants, three years (Study 2). We also examined whether the valence of the implication of the experience for self (the resolution) explained additional variance and interacted with memory specificity. For Study 1 (N = 320, M = 16.9 years, 81% female), a specific (rather than a non-specific) turning point predicted greater depressive symptoms concurrently but not longitudinally, whereas a negative resolution predicted both concurrent and longitudinal depressive symptoms. The moderation result showed that a specific turning point predicted escalating depressive symptoms across six months when the resolution was negative. Study 2 (N = 68) additionally showed that a specific turning point predicted increased depressive symptoms three years later. These findings contrast with research suggesting that specific memories are related to better mental health and highlight the complexity of the role of memory in emerging youth depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurel Keats
- School of Psychology, Victoria University of Wellington - Te Herenga Waka, New Zealand.
| | - Paul E Jose
- School of Psychology, Victoria University of Wellington - Te Herenga Waka, New Zealand
| | - Karen Salmon
- School of Psychology, Victoria University of Wellington - Te Herenga Waka, New Zealand
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Li C, Xia Z, Liu Y, Li S, Ren S, Zhao H. Is online shopping addiction still a depressive illness? -- the induced consumption and traffic trap in live E-commerce. Heliyon 2024; 10:e29895. [PMID: 38694126 PMCID: PMC11061708 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024] Open
Abstract
While immersive shopping has injected new vitality into China's e-commerce, it has also resulted in consumers' over-reliance on online shopping. Psychological studies have linked online shopping addiction with depression, but business practices challenge this conclusion. This study, grounded in addiction theory, developed a theoretical model, and conducted an online survey with 214 live-streaming shoppers using structural equation modeling for validation. The primary focus was on determining whether consumers truly become addicted to online shopping in the four stages of the addiction model. The study unveils the process of consumers becoming addicted to online shopping. It explores the moderating role of perceived risk in the relationship between utilitarian and hedonic purchases and online shopping addiction. The findings suggest that through tactics such as traffic promotion, traffic trapping, anchor feature utilization, and incorporation of consumer aesthetics, merchants may induce utilitarian and hedonic purchases, leading to addiction to live-streaming shopping among consumers. Furthermore, perceived risk significantly and negatively moderates the relationship between utilitarian purchases and online shopping addiction. Our research indicates that merchants intentionally create external stimuli, enticing consumers to indulge in online shopping, suggesting that online shopping addiction is not merely a simple psychological state but may be influenced by external factors. This study provides novel insights into the phenomenon of online shopping addiction while offering valuable recommendations for consumers seeking to avoid succumbing to its allure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengyu Li
- School of Economics & Management, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Zuhui Xia
- School of Economics & Management, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Yiqing Liu
- College of Foreign Languages, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Shuyan Li
- Hebi Highway Business Development Center, Hebi, 458030, China
| | - Shuchang Ren
- International Education College, Henan University of Science & Technology, Luoyang, 471000, China
| | - Hongjun Zhao
- School of Social Sciences, The National University of Mongolia, Ulaanbaatar, 817199, Mongolia
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Lee Y, Chahal R, Gotlib IH. The default mode network is associated with changes in internalizing and externalizing problems differently in adolescent boys and girls. Dev Psychopathol 2024; 36:834-843. [PMID: 36847268 DOI: 10.1017/s0954579423000111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
Internalizing and externalizing problems that emerge during adolescence differentially increase boys' and girls' risk for developing psychiatric disorders. It is not clear, however, whether there are sex differences in the intrinsic functional architecture of the brain that underlie changes in the severity of internalizing and externalizing problems in adolescents. Using resting-state fMRI data and self-reports of behavioral problems obtained from 128 adolescents (73 females; 9-14 years old) at two timepoints, we conducted multivoxel pattern analysis to identify resting-state functional connectivity markers at baseline that predict changes in the severity of internalizing and externalizing problems in boys and girls 2 years later. We found sex-differentiated involvement of the default mode network in changes in internalizing and externalizing problems. Whereas changes in internalizing problems were associated with the dorsal medial subsystem in boys and with the medial temporal subsystem in girls, changes in externalizing problems were predicted by hyperconnectivity between core nodes of the DMN and frontoparietal network in boys and hypoconnectivity between the DMN and affective networks in girls. Our results suggest that different neural mechanisms predict changes in internalizing and externalizing problems in adolescent boys and girls and offer insights concerning mechanisms that underlie sex differences in the expression of psychopathology in adolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoonji Lee
- Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Rajpreet Chahal
- Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Ian H Gotlib
- Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
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Demkowicz O, Panayiotou M, Qualter P, Humphrey N. Longitudinal relationships across emotional distress, perceived emotion regulation, and social connections during early adolescence: A developmental cascades investigation. Dev Psychopathol 2024; 36:562-577. [PMID: 36734229 DOI: 10.1017/s0954579422001407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Early adolescence is a vulnerable period for emotional distress. Both emotion regulation and social connection to peers and family adults are understood to be associated with distress. However, existing longitudinal work has not explored these constructs jointly in a way that estimates their reciprocal relationships over adolescence. We present a three-wave random-intercepts cross-lagged panel model of reciprocal relationships between emotional distress, perceived emotion regulation, and social connections during early adolescence, among 15,864 participants from education settings in disadvantaged areas of England, over three annual waves (at ages 11/12, 12/13, and 13/14 years). Findings showed that emotional distress and perceived emotion regulation share a negative relationship over time, and that higher perceived emotion regulation predicts greater family connection in the initial stages of early adolescence (from age 11-12 to 12-13 years). Findings also indicated that connection to peers is positively associated with family connection, but also positively predicts slightly greater distress in the later stages of early adolescence (from age 12-13 to 13-14 years). Findings indicate a risk of negative spiral between emotional distress and perceived emotion regulation in early adolescence, and that social connection may not necessarily play the role we might expect in reducing distress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ola Demkowicz
- Manchester Institute of Education, The University of Manchester, UK
| | | | - Pamela Qualter
- Manchester Institute of Education, The University of Manchester, UK
| | - Neil Humphrey
- Manchester Institute of Education, The University of Manchester, UK
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8
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Vaillant-Coindard E, Briet G, Lespiau F, Gisclard B, Charbonnier E. Effects of three prophylactic interventions on French middle-schoolers' mental health: protocol for a randomized controlled trial. BMC Psychol 2024; 12:204. [PMID: 38615007 PMCID: PMC11016224 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-024-01723-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Adolescence is a strategic developmental stage in terms of preventing later difficulties and ensuring good mental health. Prophylactic interventions, which are conducted before the onset, prolongation, or worsening of difficulties, and aim to prevent or reduce symptoms or to promote wellbeing, therefore appear particularly appropriate for adolescents. However, existing prophylactic interventions conducted with adolescents have several weaknesses, including sparse theoretical frameworks, ambivalent evidence of their efficacy, and implementation and dissemination difficulties. In addition, no data are currently available on the effectiveness of such interventions in France. To fill this gap, a four-arm randomized controlled trial will be performed to assess the effectiveness of three prophylactic interventions targeting reactive, proactive and interpersonal adaptation in fourth-grade middle-school students, together with participants' experience and perception of the interventions. Based on existing knowledge about adolescents, their learning mechanisms, and field constraints, these three interventions have been designed to promote their learning and receptiveness to interventions. Compared with baseline (i.e., before the intervention), we expect to observe a significant decrease in the level of distress (anxiety and depressive symptoms, functional impairment, and psychosocial difficulties) and a significant increase in the level of wellbeing after the intervention, across the three intervention groups, but not in the control group. In addition, we expect to observe post-intervention improvements in the processes targeted by the reactive adaptation intervention (operationalized as coping strategy use and flexibility), those targeted by the proactive adaptation intervention (operationalized as the tendency to engage in committed actions and general self-efficacy), and those targeted by the interpersonal adaptation intervention (operationalized as assertiveness in interactions), but only in the corresponding groups, with no change in any of these processes in the control group. The results of this research will not only enrich our knowledge of the processes involved in adolescents' distress and wellbeing, but also provide clues as to the best targets for intervention. Moreover, the material for these interventions will be freely available in French on request to the corresponding author, providing access to innovative and fully assessed interventions aimed at promoting adolescents' mental health in France.This clinical trial is currently being registered under no. 2023-A01973-42 on https://ansm.sante.fr/ . This is the first version of the protocol.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gaëtan Briet
- UNIV. NIMES, APSY-V, F-30021, Nîmes Cedex 1, France
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Nusslock R, Alloy LB, Brody GH, Miller GE. Annual Research Review: Neuroimmune network model of depression: a developmental perspective. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 2024; 65:538-567. [PMID: 38426610 PMCID: PMC11090270 DOI: 10.1111/jcpp.13961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Depression is a serious public health problem, and adolescence is an 'age of risk' for the onset of Major Depressive Disorder. Recently, we and others have proposed neuroimmune network models that highlight bidirectional communication between the brain and the immune system in both mental and physical health, including depression. These models draw on research indicating that the cellular actors (particularly monocytes) and signaling molecules (particularly cytokines) that orchestrate inflammation in the periphery can directly modulate the structure and function of the brain. In the brain, inflammatory activity heightens sensitivity to threats in the cortico-amygdala circuit, lowers sensitivity to rewards in the cortico-striatal circuit, and alters executive control and emotion regulation in the prefrontal cortex. When dysregulated, and particularly under conditions of chronic stress, inflammation can generate feelings of dysphoria, distress, and anhedonia. This is proposed to initiate unhealthy, self-medicating behaviors (e.g. substance use, poor diet) to manage the dysphoria, which further heighten inflammation. Over time, dysregulation in these brain circuits and the inflammatory response may compound each other to form a positive feedback loop, whereby dysregulation in one organ system exacerbates the other. We and others suggest that this neuroimmune dysregulation is a dynamic joint vulnerability for depression, particularly during adolescence. We have three goals for the present paper. First, we extend neuroimmune network models of mental and physical health to generate a developmental framework of risk for the onset of depression during adolescence. Second, we examine how a neuroimmune network perspective can help explain the high rates of comorbidity between depression and other psychiatric disorders across development, and multimorbidity between depression and stress-related medical illnesses. Finally, we consider how identifying neuroimmune pathways to depression can facilitate a 'next generation' of behavioral and biological interventions that target neuroimmune signaling to treat, and ideally prevent, depression in youth and adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin Nusslock
- Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston IL, USA
- Institute for Policy Research, Northwestern University, Evanston IL, USA
| | - Lauren B. Alloy
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA. USA
| | - Gene H. Brody
- Center for Family Research, University of Georgia, Athens GA, USA
| | - Gregory E. Miller
- Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston IL, USA
- Institute for Policy Research, Northwestern University, Evanston IL, USA
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Yin X, Yang J, Xiang Q, Peng L, Song J, Liang S, Wu J. Brain network hierarchy reorganization in subthreshold depression. Neuroimage Clin 2024; 42:103594. [PMID: 38518552 PMCID: PMC10973537 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hierarchy is the organizing principle of human brain network. How network hierarchy changes in subthreshold depression (StD) is unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the altered brain network hierarchy and its clinical significance in patients with StD. METHODS A total of 43 patients with StD and 43 healthy controls matched for age, gender and years of education participated in this study. Alterations in the hierarchy of StD brain networks were depicted by connectome gradient analysis. We assessed changes in network hierarchy by comparing gradient scores in each network in patients with StD and healthy controls. The study compared different brain subdivisions if there was a different network. Finally, we analysed the relationship between the altered gradient scores and clinical characteristics. RESULTS Patients with StD had contracted network hierarchy and suppressed cortical range gradients. In the principal gradient, the gradient scores of default mode network were significantly reduced in patients with StD compared to controls. In the default network, the subdivisions of reduced gradient scores were mainly located in the precuneus, superior temporal gyrus, and anterior and posterior cingulate gyrus. Reduced gradient scores in the default mode network, the anterior and posterior cingulate gyrus were correlated with severity of depression. CONCLUSIONS The network hierarchy of the StD changed and was significantly correlated with depressive symptoms and severity. These results provided new insights into further understanding of the neural mechanisms of StD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolong Yin
- National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Rehabilitation Medicine Technology, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, China; Rehabilitation Industry Institute, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Junchao Yang
- College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Qing Xiang
- National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Rehabilitation Medicine Technology, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, China; Rehabilitation Industry Institute, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Lixin Peng
- College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Jian Song
- College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Shengxiang Liang
- National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Rehabilitation Medicine Technology, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, China; Rehabilitation Industry Institute, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, China; Traditional Chinese Medicine Rehabilitation Research Center of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, China.
| | - Jingsong Wu
- College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, China.
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Zhang C, Huang J, Xu W. Longitudinal Relationships Between Depressive Symptoms and Generalized Anxiety Symptoms in Adolescents: A Cross-Lagged Network Analysis. J Youth Adolesc 2024:10.1007/s10964-024-01961-4. [PMID: 38451392 DOI: 10.1007/s10964-024-01961-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
The comorbidity of depression and generalized anxiety have raised questions about the existing classification system. Based on the perspective of network analysis, the developmental relationship between psychological symptoms can be explored more clearly. The current study aimed to explore the longitudinal network association of depressive symptoms and generalized anxiety symptoms in non-clinical adolescents. The sample contained 1,947 Chinese adolescents (Mage = 13.93, SD = 1.71; 48.5% girls). Their depression (PHQ-9) and generalized anxiety (GAD-7) symptoms were assessed at baseline (T1) and 6-month follow-up (T2). Data was analyzed using a cross-lagged network analysis. Depressive symptoms and generalized anxiety symptoms were closely related and did not appear to be distinct categories in adolescence. More generalized anxiety symptoms predicted depressive symptoms rather than vice versa. After controlling for gender, and age, "Difficulty relaxing" presented the highest out-expected influence (out-EI) in the network, while "trouble concentrating", and "suicidal ideation" showed the lowest in expected influence (in-EI). Findings suggested that interventions for generalized anxiety symptoms may help reduce depressive symptoms among Chinese adolescents. Specifically, alleviating "difficulty relaxing" may improve overall mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyang Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Psychology Education (Beijing Normal University), Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Jingyuan Huang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Psychology Education (Beijing Normal University), Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Wei Xu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Psychology Education (Beijing Normal University), Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, PR China.
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Lin Z, Zheng J, Wang Y, Su Z, Zhu R, Liu R, Wei Y, Zhang X, Wang F. Prediction of the efficacy of group cognitive behavioral therapy using heart rate variability based smart wearable devices: a randomized controlled study. BMC Psychiatry 2024; 24:187. [PMID: 38448895 PMCID: PMC10916138 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-024-05638-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression and anxiety are common and disabling mental health problems in children and young adults. Group cognitive behavioral therapy (GCBT) is considered that an efficient and effective treatment for these significant public health concerns, but not all participants respond equally well. The aim of this study was to examine the predictive ability of heart rate variability (HRV), based on sensor data from consumer-grade wearable devices to detect GCBT effectiveness in early intervention. METHODS In a study of 33 college students with depression and anxiety, participants were randomly assigned to either GCBT group or a wait-list control (WLC) group. They wore smart wearable devices to measure their physiological activities and signals in daily life. The HRV parameters were calculated and compared between the groups. The study also assessed correlations between participants' symptoms, HRV, and GCBT outcomes. RESULTS The study showed that participants in GCBT had significant improvement in depression and anxiety symptoms after four weeks. Higher HRV was associated with greater improvement in depressive and anxious symptoms following GCBT. Additionally, HRV played a noteworthy role in determining how effective GCBT was in improve anxiety(P = 0.002) and depression(P = 0.020), and its predictive power remained significant even when considering other factors. CONCLUSION HRV may be a useful predictor of GCBT treatment efficacy. Identifying predictors of treatment response can help personalize treatment and improve outcomes for individuals with depression and anxiety. TRIAL REGISTRATION The trial has been retrospectively registered on [22/06/2023] with the registration number [NCT05913349] in the ClinicalTrials.gov. Variations in heart rate variability (HRV) have been associated with depression and anxiety, but the relationship of baseline HRV to treatment outcome in depression and anxiety is unclear. This study predicted GCBT effectiveness using HRV measured by wearable devices. 33 students with depression and anxiety participated in a trial comparing GCBT and wait-list control. HRV parameters from wearables correlated with symptoms (PHQ, PSS) and GCBT effectiveness. Baseline HRV levels are strongly associated with GCBT treatment outcomes. HRV may serve as a useful predictor of efficacy of GCBT treatment,facilitating personalized treatment approaches for individuals with depression and anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zexin Lin
- Early Intervention Unit, Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, P.R. China
- Functional Brain Imaging Institute of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Junjie Zheng
- Early Intervention Unit, Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, P.R. China
- Functional Brain Imaging Institute of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Yang Wang
- Early Intervention Unit, Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, P.R. China
- Functional Brain Imaging Institute of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Zhao Su
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Informatics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Rongxin Zhu
- Early Intervention Unit, Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, P.R. China
- Functional Brain Imaging Institute of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Rongxun Liu
- Early Intervention Unit, Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, P.R. China
- Functional Brain Imaging Institute of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, P.R. China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Drugs, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, P.R. China
| | - Yange Wei
- Early Intervention Unit, Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, P.R. China
- Functional Brain Imaging Institute of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, P.R. China
- Department of Psychiatry, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Henan Mental Hospital, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Xizhe Zhang
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Informatics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Fei Wang
- Early Intervention Unit, Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, P.R. China.
- Functional Brain Imaging Institute of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, P.R. China.
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Ytreland K, Ingul JM, Lydersen S, Yap MBH, Sim WH, Sund AM, Bania EV. Investigating the psychometric properties of PaRCADS-Parenting to Reduce Child Anxiety and Depression Scale in a Norwegian sample. Int J Methods Psychiatr Res 2024; 33:e2017. [PMID: 38459832 PMCID: PMC10924274 DOI: 10.1002/mpr.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Parents play a pivotal role in child development and several parental factors have been identified as risk or protective factors for childhood anxiety and depression. To assess and target these parental factors in interventions, there is a need for a comprehensive, easy-to-use instrument. METHOD This study aimed to investigate the psychometric properties of an adapted version of the Parenting to Reduce Child Anxiety and Depression Scale, PaRCADS(N) in a Norwegian community sample (N = 163) of parents of children aged 8-12 years. RESULTS Our findings indicate that PaRCADS(N) has acceptable psychometric properties. These results are comparable to those of the original study of the PaRCADS in Australia. CONCLUSION Based on these results, we recommend that PaRCADS(N) can be utilized by health care workers as a tool for assessment and identification of parental practices related to child anxiety and/or depression to target relevant risk and protective factors in treatment and prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristin Ytreland
- Regional Centre for Child and Youth ‐ Mental Health and Child Welfare (RKBU), Central NorwayFaculty of Medicine and Health ScienceDepartment of Mental HealthNorwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU)TrondheimNorway
| | - Jo Magne Ingul
- Regional Centre for Child and Youth ‐ Mental Health and Child Welfare (RKBU), Central NorwayFaculty of Medicine and Health ScienceDepartment of Mental HealthNorwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU)TrondheimNorway
| | - Stian Lydersen
- Regional Centre for Child and Youth ‐ Mental Health and Child Welfare (RKBU), Central NorwayFaculty of Medicine and Health ScienceDepartment of Mental HealthNorwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU)TrondheimNorway
| | - Marie Bee Hui Yap
- School of Psychological SciencesTurner Institute for Brain and Mental HealthMonash UniversityMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
- Melbourne School of Population and Global HealthUniversity of MelbourneMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | - Wan Hua Sim
- School of Psychological SciencesTurner Institute for Brain and Mental HealthMonash UniversityMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | - Anne Mari Sund
- Regional Centre for Child and Youth ‐ Mental Health and Child Welfare (RKBU), Central NorwayFaculty of Medicine and Health ScienceDepartment of Mental HealthNorwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU)TrondheimNorway
| | - Elisabeth Valmyr Bania
- Regional Centre for Child and Youth ‐ Mental Health and Child Welfare (RKBU), Central NorwayFaculty of Medicine and Health ScienceDepartment of Mental HealthNorwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU)TrondheimNorway
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Fernandes SN, Zuckerman E, Miranda R, Baroni A. When Night Falls Fast: Sleep and Suicidal Behavior Among Adolescents and Young Adults. Psychiatr Clin North Am 2024; 47:273-286. [PMID: 38302212 DOI: 10.1016/j.psc.2023.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Sleep disturbances have been linked to suicidal ideation and behaviors in adolescents. Specifically, insomnia and nightmares are associated with current suicide risk and predict future ideation. Associations between hypersomnia, sleep apnea, and suicide remain inconclusive. Potential biological mechanisms underlying these relationships include executive functioning deficits and hyperarousal. Related psychological factors may include thwarted belongingness, perceived burdensomeness, and negative appraisals. Assessing suicide risk in patients with sleep disturbances, and vice versa, is needed. Therapeutic interventions such as cognitive behavior therapy for insomnia and imagery rehearsal treatment, as well as pharmacologic treatments, show promise in treating sleep disorders and suicidal behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara N Fernandes
- New York State Psychiatric Institute, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 1051 Riverside Drive, Room 1600C, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Emily Zuckerman
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, NYU Langone Health, One Park Avenue, 7th Floor, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Regina Miranda
- Department of Psychology, Hunter College and The Graduate Center, City University of New York, 695 Park Avenue, Room 611HN, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Argelinda Baroni
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, One Park Avenue, 7th Floor, New York, NY 10016, USA.
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15
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Davis M, Jones JD, Gallop R, So A, Dysart G, Young JF. Adolescent Depression Symptom Trajectories Detected Via Universal Screening in Pediatric Primary Care. Res Child Adolesc Psychopathol 2024; 52:183-194. [PMID: 37642920 DOI: 10.1007/s10802-023-01116-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Unique trajectories of adolescent depression symptoms have been identified, yet less is known about whether such patterns translate to real-world clinical settings. Because annual adolescent depression screening is becoming more prevalent in primary care, we examined whether longitudinal patterns of depression symptoms documented in the developmental psychopathology literature can also be detected via routine screening in primary care and explored how membership in the identified trajectories varied based on concurrent suicide risk and sociodemographic factors. A total of 1,359 adolescents aged 12-16 years old at the first timepoint were included in the current analyses. These adolescents completed three depression screeners during their well-visits in a large pediatric primary care network between November 15, 2017 and February 1, 2020. Retrospective electronic health record data were extracted, including sociodemographic variables and depression screening results. Dynamic functional time series clustering results indicated the optimal number of clusters was five. The five depression symptom trajectories were: (1) A-Shaped (i.e., relatively low depression symptoms at Time 1, a substantial increase in symptoms at Time 2, and a return to low symptoms at Time 3), (2) Increasing, (3) Low-Stable, (4) High-Decreasing, and (5) Low-Decreasing. Cluster differences in suicide risk largely mapped onto depression symptom levels at each assessment. We found cluster differences based on practice location, insurance type, and adolescent race. The symptom trajectories observed in this study resemble those found in the developmental psychopathology literature, though some key differences were noted. Findings can inform future research and symptom monitoring in primary care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Molly Davis
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences and PolicyLab, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
- Penn Implementation Science Center at the Leonard Davis Institute of Health Economics (PISCE@LDI), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | - Jason D Jones
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences and PolicyLab, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Robert Gallop
- Department of Mathematics, West Chester University, West Chester, PA, USA
| | - Amy So
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences and PolicyLab, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Psychology Department at Montclair State University, Montclair, NJ, USA
| | - Gillian Dysart
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences and PolicyLab, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jami F Young
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences and PolicyLab, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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16
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Grygiel P, Dolata R, Humenny G, Muszyński M. Depressive symptoms and loneliness among early adolescents: a psychometric network analysis approach. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 2024; 65:199-214. [PMID: 37550521 DOI: 10.1111/jcpp.13876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies demonstrate a high prevalence of depression and loneliness among adolescents. Although they often co-occur, the relationship between symptoms of depression and loneliness remains poorly understood. This study investigates: (a) the symptoms of depression that are connected to loneliness; (b) the role played by loneliness in the network of depression symptoms; and (c) whether the method used to measure loneliness (single-item direct or multi-item indirect) affects the relationship of loneliness with depressive symptoms. METHODS Participants were 496 Polish adolescents (50.8% girls) aged 11 to 13, who completed: (a) the 10-item Major Depressive Disorder subscale of the Revised Child Anxiety and Depression Scale; (b) the 11-item De Jong Gierveld Loneliness Scale (indirect loneliness), and (c) a single direct question evaluating loneliness: 'I'm lonely'. Networks were estimated using a Gaussian Graphical Model. RESULTS Loneliness shows a direct relationship with three affective symptoms of depression: sadness, worthlessness, and anhedonia, which mediate relationships with somatic symptoms. In contrast to previous studies, loneliness has the lowest level of centrality among all elements of the network. The method used to assess loneliness did not significantly affect the connections between loneliness and depressive symptoms. CONCLUSIONS Loneliness and depression overlap since they are formed by the same cognitive biases and deficits in emotion regulation but differ in the level of generality. In loneliness, they have an interpersonal context, while symptoms of depression can be intrapersonal. This helps us to understand why cognitive interventions, as compared to those which are social, are more effective in reducing loneliness.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Marek Muszyński
- Institute of Philosophy and Sociology Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
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17
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De la Barrera U, Arrigoni F, Monserrat C, Montoya-Castilla I, Gil-Gómez JA. Using ecological momentary assessment and machine learning techniques to predict depressive symptoms in emerging adults. Psychiatry Res 2024; 332:115710. [PMID: 38194800 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2023.115710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to predict the level of depressive symptoms in emerging adults by analyzing sociodemographic variables, affect, and emotion regulation strategies. Participants were 33 emerging adults (M = 24.43; SD = 2.80; 56.3 % women). They were asked to assess their current emotional state (positive or negative affect), recent events that may relate to that state, and emotion regulation strategies through ecological momentary assessment. Participants were prompted randomly by an app 6 times per day between 10 am and 10 pm for a seven-day period. They answered 1233 of the 2058 surveys (beeps), collectively. The analysis of observations, using Machine Learning (ML) techniques, showed that the Random Forest algorithm yields significantly better predictions than other models. The algorithm used 13 out of the 36 variables adopted in the study. Furthermore, the study revealed that age, emotion of worried and a specific emotion regulation strategy related to social exchange were the most accurate predictors of severe depressive symptoms. By carefully selecting predictors and utilizing appropriate sorting techniques, these findings may provide valuable supplementary information to traditional diagnostic methods and psychological assessments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Usue De la Barrera
- Departamento de Psicología Evolutiva y de la Educación, Facultad de Psicología y Logopedia, Universitat de València, Spain
| | - Flavia Arrigoni
- Departamento de Psicología, Facultad de Ciencias de la Educación, Universidad de Cádiz, Spain
| | - Carlos Monserrat
- Valencian Research Institute for Artificial Intelligence, Universitat Politècnica de València, Spain
| | - Inmaculada Montoya-Castilla
- Departamento de Personalidad, Evaluación y Tratamientos Psicológicos, Facultad de Psicología y Logopedia, Universitat de València, Spain
| | - José-Antonio Gil-Gómez
- Instituto Universitario de Automática e Informática Industrial, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022, Valencia, Spain.
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Mittermeier S, Seidel A, Scheiner C, Kleindienst N, Romanos M, Buerger A. Emotional dysregulation and its pathways to suicidality in a community-based sample of adolescents. Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health 2024; 18:15. [PMID: 38245793 PMCID: PMC10800042 DOI: 10.1186/s13034-023-00699-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Effective suicide prevention for adolescents is urgently needed but difficult, as suicide models lack a focus on age-specific influencing factors such as emotional dysregulation. Moreover, examined predictors often do not specifically consider the contribution to the severity of suicidality. To determine which adolescents are at high risk of more severe suicidality, we examined the association between emotional dysregulation and severity of suicidality directly as well as indirectly via depressiveness and nonsuicidal self-injury. METHOD Adolescents from 18 high schools in Bavaria were included in this cross-sectional and questionnaire-based study as part of a larger prevention study. Data were collected between November 2021 and March 2022 and were analyzed from January 2023 to April 2023. Students in the 6th or 7th grade of high school (11-14 years) were eligible to participate. A total of 2350 adolescents were surveyed and data from 2117 students were used for the analyses after excluding incomplete data sets. Our main outcome variable was severity of suicidality (Paykel Suicide Scale, PSS). Additionally, we assessed emotional dysregulation (Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale, DERS-SF), depressiveness (Patient Health Questionnaire, PHQ-9) and nonsuicidal self-injury (Deliberate Self-Harm Inventory, DSHI). RESULTS In total, 2117 adolescents (51.6% female; mean age, 12.31 years [standard deviation: 0.67]) were included in the structural equation model (SEM). Due to a clear gender-specific influence, the model was calculated separately for male and female adolescents. For male adolescents, there was a significant indirect association between emotional dysregulation and severity of suicidality, mediated by depressiveness (β = 0.15, SE = .03, p = .008). For female adolescents, there was a significant direct path from emotional dysregulation to severity of suicidality and also indirect paths via depressiveness (β = 0.12, SE = .05, p = 0.02) and NSSI (β = 0.18, SE = .04, p < .001). CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that gender-related risk markers in 11-14-year-olds need to be included in future suicide models to increase their predictive power. According to our findings, early detection and prevention interventions based on emotion regulation skills might be enhanced by including gender-specific adjustments for the co-occurrence of emotional dysregulation, depressiveness, and nonsuicidal self-injury in girls and the co-occurrence of emotional dysregulation and depressiveness in boys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Mittermeier
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Center of Mental Health, University Hospital of Wuerzburg, Margarete-Hoeppel-Platz 1, 97080, Wuerzburg, Germany.
- German Centre of Prevention Research, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany.
| | - Alexandra Seidel
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Center of Mental Health, University Hospital of Wuerzburg, Margarete-Hoeppel-Platz 1, 97080, Wuerzburg, Germany
- German Centre of Prevention Research, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Christin Scheiner
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Center of Mental Health, University Hospital of Wuerzburg, Margarete-Hoeppel-Platz 1, 97080, Wuerzburg, Germany
- German Centre of Prevention Research, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Nikolaus Kleindienst
- Institute of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Central Institute of Mental Health Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Marcel Romanos
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Center of Mental Health, University Hospital of Wuerzburg, Margarete-Hoeppel-Platz 1, 97080, Wuerzburg, Germany
- German Centre of Prevention Research, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Arne Buerger
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Center of Mental Health, University Hospital of Wuerzburg, Margarete-Hoeppel-Platz 1, 97080, Wuerzburg, Germany
- German Centre of Prevention Research, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
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Gradi N, Chopin A, Bavelier D, Shechner T, Pichon S. Evaluating the effect of action-like video game play and of casual video game play on anxiety in adolescents with elevated anxiety: protocol for a multi-center, parallel group, assessor-blind, randomized controlled trial. BMC Psychiatry 2024; 24:56. [PMID: 38243201 PMCID: PMC10799487 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-024-05515-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adolescence is a critical period for the onset and maintenance of anxiety disorders, which raises the importance of intervening early; one possibility of doing so is via digital interventions. Within that research field, at least two important research paths have been explored in the past years. On the one hand, the anxiolytic effect of casual video games has been tested as such gaming activity may distract away from anxious thoughts through the induction of flow and redirection of attention toward the game and thus away of anxious thoughts. On the other hand, the bidirectional link between weak attentional control and higher anxiety has led to the design of interventions aiming at improving attentional control such as working memory training studies. Taking stock that another genre of gaming, action video games, improves attentional control, game-based interventions that combines cognitive training and action-like game features would seem relevant. This three-arm randomized controlled trial aims to evaluate the feasibility and the efficacy of two video game interventions to document how each may potentially alleviate adolescent anxiety-related symptoms when deployed fully on-line. METHODS The study aims to recruit 150 individuals, 12 to 14 years of age, with high levels of anxiety as reported by the parents' online form of the Screen for Child Anxiety Related Disorders questionnaire. This trial contrasts a child-friendly, "action-like" video game designed to improve attentional control abilities in a progressive and stepwise manner (Eco-Rescue), a casual puzzle video game selected to act as a positive distraction tool (Bejeweled) and finally a control group with no assigned training intervention to control for possible test-retest effects (No-training). Participants will be assigned randomly to one of the three study arms. They will be assessed for main (anxiety) and secondary outcomes (attentional control, affective working memory) at three time points, before training (T1), one week after the 6-week training (T2) and four months after completing the training (T3). DISCUSSION The results will provide evidence for the feasibility and the efficacy of two online video game interventions at improving mental health and emotional well-being in adolescents with high levels of anxiety. This project will contribute unique knowledge to the field, as few studies have examined the effects of video game play in the context of digital mental health interventions for adolescents. TRIAL REGISTRATION The trial is registered on ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT05923944, June 20, 2023).
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Affiliation(s)
- Naïma Gradi
- Department of Psychology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - Adrien Chopin
- Smith Kettlewell Eye Research Institute, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Daphné Bavelier
- Department of Psychology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - Tomer Shechner
- Department of Psychology, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
| | - Swann Pichon
- Geneva School of Health Sciences, Geneva, Switzerland
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20
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Jiménez-López E, Mesas AE, Visier-Alfonso ME, Pascual-Morena C, Martínez-Vizcaíno V, Herrera-Gutiérrez E, López-Gil JF. Adherence to the Mediterranean diet and depressive, anxiety, and stress symptoms in Spanish adolescents: results from the EHDLA study. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2024:10.1007/s00787-023-02351-0. [PMID: 38170283 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-023-02351-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Depression and anxiety are prevalent and disabling conditions among adolescents. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MD) and depressive, anxiety, and stress symptoms in adolescents. This cross-sectional study included a sample of 698 adolescent students from a region of Spain (mean age of 13.9 ± 1.5 years; 56.2% girls). Adherence to the MD was evaluated with the Mediterranean Diet Quality Index in children and adolescents (KIDMED). Mental health symptoms were measured with the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21). Logistic regression models were performed, including a wide range of potential confounders. Compared to individuals with low adherence to the MD, those with moderate and high adherence had lower odds of experiencing depressive symptoms (odds ratio [OR] = 0.40, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.24-0.65 and OR = 0.33, 95% CI 0.20-0.55, respectively), which were statistically significant even after adjustment. No significant associations were found regarding anxiety or stress symptoms. Therefore, according to our results, higher adherence to the MD is inversely related to having depressive symptoms among adolescents, regardless of socioeconomic, anthropometric, and lifestyle factors. Considering the deleterious effects of mental health problems in youths, further research on the role of nonpharmacological strategies for the prevention and treatment of depressive symptoms in adolescence is essential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estela Jiménez-López
- Health and Social Research Center, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Santa Teresa Jornet s/n, 16071, Cuenca, Spain
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Virgen de La Luz, Cuenca, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
| | - Arthur Eumann Mesas
- Health and Social Research Center, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Santa Teresa Jornet s/n, 16071, Cuenca, Spain.
- Postgraduate Program in Public Health, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Paraná, 86057-970, Brazil.
| | - María Eugenia Visier-Alfonso
- Health and Social Research Center, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Santa Teresa Jornet s/n, 16071, Cuenca, Spain
| | - Carlos Pascual-Morena
- Health and Social Research Center, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Santa Teresa Jornet s/n, 16071, Cuenca, Spain
| | - Vicente Martínez-Vizcaíno
- Health and Social Research Center, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Santa Teresa Jornet s/n, 16071, Cuenca, Spain
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, 1101, Talca, Chile
| | - Eva Herrera-Gutiérrez
- Department of Developmental and Educational Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Murcia, Espinardo Campus, 30100, Murcia, Spain
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Hodgson CG, Bonifay W, Yang W, Herman KC. Establishing the measurement precision of the patient health questionnaire in an adolescent sample. J Affect Disord 2023; 342:76-84. [PMID: 37708980 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Technically sound measures are necessary for accurately identifying youth at risk for depression, but many studies rely on classical test theory metrics or adult samples to evaluate measures. This study examined the use of the PHQ-8, a common and freely available pediatric depression screener, in an adolescent sample using item response theory (IRT). METHODS Secondary analyses were conducted on data from a study conducted in Midwestern middle schools in which 1224 youth completed the PHQ-8 as part of a battery of surveys. Polytomous IRT analyses (a Graded Response Model) were used to evaluate the PHQ-8. Items were examined for their ability to distinguish between respondents of different latent depression severity and for differential item functioning (DIF) across demographic categories. RESULTS All PHQ-8 items had adequate discriminative abilities. Items measuring anhedonia and psychomotor disturbances performed relatively poorly, and items measuring somatic symptoms (appetite and sleep) were most informative when respondents endorsed extreme response options ("not at all" or "nearly every day"). No DIF was found across grade level or race, but several items were flagged for DIF by gender and student income level. LIMITATIONS These results might not be generalizable to a broader youth population due to administration setting and the unique demographic characteristics of this sample (76.0 % African American). CONCLUSIONS Tools such as the PHQ-8 are appropriate to quickly screen for depression in adolescents, but further scrutiny of adolescent response patterns is warranted. Future research should examine items measuring anhedonia and psychomotor and somatic disturbances in adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Wes Bonifay
- University of Missouri, Department of Educational, School and Counseling Psychology, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Wenxi Yang
- University of Missouri, Department of Educational, School and Counseling Psychology, Columbia, MO, USA.
| | - Keith C Herman
- University of Missouri, Department of Educational, School and Counseling Psychology, Columbia, MO, USA
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22
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Kiani B, Hadianfard H, Weiss MD, Dehbozorgi S. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis of the Weiss Functional Impairment Rating Scale-Parent Report for screening children with ADHD: Looking beyond symptoms in ADHD diagnosis. Early Interv Psychiatry 2023. [PMID: 38030566 DOI: 10.1111/eip.13484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
AIM The current study aimed at examining the ability of the Weiss Functional Impairment Rating Scale-Parent Report (WFIRS-P) to discriminate between children with ADHD and controls in functional impairment and identifying optimal cutoff scores for the WFIRS-P subscales and total scale. METHODS Parents of 51 children with ADHD (90.2% male; grades 1-6) and 51 gender/grade matched controls (90.2% male; grades 1-6) completed the WFIRS-P. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to examine the ability of the WFIRS-P to differentiate children with ADHD from controls and to determine optimal cutoff scores of the WFIRS-P. RESULTS Area under the curve (AUC) was 0.98 for the WFIRS-P total scale, indicating excellent ability to differentiate children with ADHD from controls. The score of 0.45 with 0.88 for sensitivity and 0.96 for specificity was determined as the optimal cutoff score for the total scale of the WFIRS-P. AUC was 0.73 to 0.97 for the WFIRS-P subscales, suggesting good to excellent ability for discriminating between children with ADHD and controls. Among the subscales, the family subscale score of 0.42 with 0.92 for sensitivity and 0.96 for specificity showed the highest discriminating power. The self-concept and life skills subscales had low sensitivity, suggesting Iranian mothers do not identify problems with self-concept or difficulty with life skills as particularly problematic in ADHD. CONCLUSIONS The WFIRS-P is a sensitive and specific measure of the functional impairment associated with ADHD in Iranian children. Our sample was predominantly male, limiting the generalizability of results to females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Behnaz Kiani
- Department of Clinical Psychology, School of Education and Psychology, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Habib Hadianfard
- Department of Clinical Psychology, School of Education and Psychology, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Margaret D Weiss
- Cambridge Health Alliance, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Sara Dehbozorgi
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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23
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Yun JY, Choi SH, Park S, Jang JH. Association of executive function with suicidality based on resting-state functional connectivity in young adults with subthreshold depression. Sci Rep 2023; 13:20690. [PMID: 38001278 PMCID: PMC10673918 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-48160-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Subthreshold depression (StD) is associated an increased risk of developing major depressive disorder (MDD) and suicidality. Suicidality could be linked to distress intolerance and use of context-dependent strategies. We identified neural correlates of executive functioning among the hubs in the resting-state functional connectome (rs-FCN) and examined associations with recent suicidality in StD and MDD. In total, 79 young adults [27 StD, 30 MDD, and 23 healthy controls (HC)] were scanned using magnetic resonance imaging. Neurocognitive measures of the mean latency to correct five moves in the One Touch Stockings of Cambridge (OTSMLC5), spatial working memory between errors (SWMBE), rapid visual information processing A' (RVPA'), and the stop signal reaction time in the stop signal test (SSTSSRT) were obtained. Global graph metrics were calculated to measure the network integration, segregation, and their balance in the rs-FCN. Regional graph metrics reflecting the number of neighbors (degree centrality; DC), participation in the shortcuts (betweenness centrality; BC), and accessibility to intersections (eigenvector centrality; EC) in the rs-FCN defined group-level hubs for StD, HC, and MDD, separately. Global network metrics were comparable among the groups (all P > 0.05). Among the group-level hubs, regional graph metrics of left dorsal anterior insula (dAI), right dorsomedial prefrontal cortex (dmPFC), right rostral temporal thalamus, right precuneus, and left postcentral/middle temporal/anterior subgenual cingulate cortices were different among the groups. Further, significant associations with neurocognitive measures were found in the right dmPFC with SWMBE, and left dAI with SSTSSRT and RVPA'. Shorter OTSMLC5 was related to the lower centralities of right thalamus and suffer of recent 1-year suicidal ideation (all Ps < 0.05 in ≥ 2 centralities out of DC, BC, and EC). Collectively, salience and thalamic networks underlie spatial strategy and planning, response inhibition, and suicidality in StD and MDD. Anti-suicidal therapies targeting executive function and modulation of salience-thalamic network in StD and MDD are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Je-Yeon Yun
- Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Yeongeon Student Support Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Hee Choi
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Susan Park
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Joon Hwan Jang
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University Health Service Center, 1 Gwanak-Ro, Gwanak-Gu, 08826, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Human Systems Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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24
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Ruchkin V, Stickley A, Koposov R, Sukhodolsky DG, Isaksson J. Depressive symptoms and anger and aggression in Russian adolescents. Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health 2023; 17:130. [PMID: 37974287 PMCID: PMC10652468 DOI: 10.1186/s13034-023-00677-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Research among adolescents exploring the association between depressive symptoms and aggression has produced inconsistent findings. This study investigated the prevalence of clinically significant (current major depressive episode) and subthreshold depressive symptoms in a general population sample of adolescents from Northern Russia and explored their association with aggression and anger, while controlling for comorbid mental health problems. The sample consisted of 2600 participants, aged 13-17 years (59.5% female; 95.7% ethnic Russian). Symptoms of a current major depressive episode, types of anger and aggression (anger rumination, trait anger, physical, verbal and social aggression) and comorbid problems (posttraumatic stress, alcohol use, anxiety, and hyperactivity/impulsivity) were assessed by means of self-reports. The prevalence of a clinically significant depressive episode in the past month was 3.5%, while for subthreshold depression it was 21.6%. All anger and aggression variables, as well as comorbid problems increased together with increasing levels of depression. The association between overt aggressive behavior and depression was primarily explained by comorbid mental health problems, whereas anger rumination and social aggression had more direct associations with depression, independent of comorbidity. Among adolescents with depression, boys reported higher levels of social and verbal aggression and of anger rumination than girls. The results of this study suggest that interventions aiming to reduce aggressive behavior in adolescents should consider depression and its comorbid conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladislav Ruchkin
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, S-751 85, Sweden.
- Child Study Center, Yale University Medical School, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA.
| | - Andrew Stickley
- Department for Preventive Intervetion for Psychiatric Disorders, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Roman Koposov
- Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare, Northern Norway, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
- Department of Epidemiology and Modern Technologies of Vaccination, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Denis G Sukhodolsky
- Child Study Center, Yale University Medical School, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Johan Isaksson
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, S-751 85, Sweden
- Center of Neurodevelopmental Disorders (KIND), Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet & Stockholm Health Care Services, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
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25
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Keats L, Jose P, Salmon K. My Turning Point Tells the Story: A Longitudinal Examination of Greater Episodic Detail and Youth Depressive Symptoms. Res Child Adolesc Psychopathol 2023; 51:1669-1682. [PMID: 37505325 PMCID: PMC10627942 DOI: 10.1007/s10802-023-01096-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Although research findings show that the personal memories of people who are depressed are characterized by sparse episodic detail, under some circumstances, the opposite pattern emerges. Specifically, a recent study (Salmon et al., 2021) has shown that for community youth, greater episodic detail in a highly self-relevant narrative (a life turning point) predicted increased depressive symptoms concurrently and one year later. In a new longitudinal study of young people (N = 320 at Time 1, M = 16.9 years; 81% female) followed up over six months, we aimed to replicate and extend this finding. In Study A, we compared the turning point with a narrative about a conflict event, to establish whether the detail in a turning point memory uniquely predicted depressive symptoms. Supporting the first hypothesis, at both time-points, greater episodic detail was concurrently positively associated with depressive symptoms for turning point narratives only. Contrary to our second hypothesis, greater detail did not predict increased depressive symptoms longitudinally. The reverse pattern was significant, however, in that greater initial depressive symptoms predicted greater detail uniquely in the turning point narrative six months later. In Study B, we determined that the concurrent association between episodic detail and depressive symptoms in turning points (but not conflict events) was exacerbated by linguistic markers of self-focus (greater I-talk and lower distancing language). These findings suggest that greater detail in a turning point narrative may uniquely signify risk of psychological distress when youth narrate the experience with heightened self-focus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurel Keats
- School of Psychology, Victoria University of Wellington - Te Herenga Waka, PO Box 600, Wellington, New Zealand.
| | - Paul Jose
- School of Psychology, Victoria University of Wellington - Te Herenga Waka, PO Box 600, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Karen Salmon
- School of Psychology, Victoria University of Wellington - Te Herenga Waka, PO Box 600, Wellington, New Zealand
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26
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Hao X, Jia Y, Chen J, Zou C, Jiang C. Subthreshold Depression: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis of Non-Pharmacological Interventions. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2023; 19:2149-2169. [PMID: 37867932 PMCID: PMC10588757 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s425509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Subthreshold depression (StD) is considered to be the "precursor" stage of major depressive disorder (MDD), which could cause higher risk of suicide, disease burden and functional impairment. There have been various non-pharmacological interventions for StD. However, the comparison of their effectiveness still lacks sufficient evidence. We performed a systematic review and network meta-analysis to evaluate and rank the efficacy of multiple non-pharmacological interventions targeting StD. Methods We conducted a thorough search across various databases including PubMed, Medline, Embase, Web of Science and PsycINFO from inception to December 2022. All included studies were randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of non-pharmacological interventions for patients with StD compared with control group (CG). Several universal scales for measuring depression severity were used as efficacy outcomes. The surface under the cumulative ranking curve (SUCRA) was used to separately rank each intervention using the "Stata 17.0" software. Results A total of thirty-six trials were included, involving twenty-eight interventions and 7417 participants. The research found that most non-pharmacological interventions were superior to controls for StD. In each outcome evaluation by different scales for measuring depression, psychotherapy always ranked first in terms of treatment effectiveness, especially Problem-solving Therapy (PST), Behavioral Activation Therapy (BAT), Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT)/Internet-based CBT (I-CBT)/Telephone-based CBT (T-CBT). Since different groups could not be directly compared, the total optimal intervention could not be determined. Conclusion Here, we show that psychotherapy may be the better choice for the treatment of StD. This study provides some evidence on StD management selection for clinical workers. However, to establish its intervention effect more conclusively, the content, format and operators of psychotherapy still require extensive exploration to conduct more effective, convenient and cost-effective implementation in primary healthcare. Notably, further research is also urgently needed to find the biological and neural mechanisms of StD by examining whether psychotherapy alters neuroplasticity in patients with StD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofei Hao
- Department of General Medicine, Chengdu Fifth People’s Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuying Jia
- Department of Outpatient, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610083, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jie Chen
- Department of Outpatient, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610083, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chuan Zou
- Department of General Medicine, Chengdu Fifth People’s Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, People’s Republic of China
| | - Cuinan Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, The Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu & The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610031, People’s Republic of China
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27
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Smith L, López Sánchez GF, Oh H, Rahmati M, Tully MA, Yon DK, Butler L, Barnett Y, Ball G, Shin JI, Koyanagi A. Association between food insecurity and depressive symptoms among adolescents aged 12-15 years from 22 low- and middle-income countries. Psychiatry Res 2023; 328:115485. [PMID: 37729716 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2023.115485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
Food insecurity may be a risk factor for depression in adolescents. However, data on this topic from low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) are scarce, despite food insecurity being most common in LMICs. Therefore, we aimed to examine the association between food-insecurity and depressive symptoms among school-going adolescents from 22 LMICs. Cross-sectional data from the Global school-based Student Health Survey were analyzed. Self-report measures assessed past 12-month depressive symptoms and past 30-day food insecurity (hunger). Multivariable logistic regression and meta-analysis were conducted to assess associations. Data on 48,401 adolescents aged 12-15 years were analyzed [mean (SD) age 13.8 (0.9) years; 51.4 % females]. The prevalence of depressive symptoms was 29.3 %, and those of moderate and severe food insecurity were 45.0 and 6.3 %, respectively. After adjustment for potential confounders, compared to no food insecurity, the pooled OR (95 %CI) of moderate and severe food insecurity were 1.36 (1.30-1.42) and 1.81 (1.67-1.97), respectively. The level of between-country heterogeneity was low. Food insecurity was associated with significantly higher odds for depressive symptoms among adolescents in LMICs. Policies to address food insecurity may also help prevent depression in this population, pending future longitudinal research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lee Smith
- Centre for Health Performance and Wellbeing, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK
| | - Guillermo F López Sánchez
- Division of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Department of Public Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain.
| | - Hans Oh
- Suzanne Dworak Peck School of Social Work, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Masoud Rahmati
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Literature and Human Sciences, Lorestan University, Khoramabad, Iran; Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, Vali-E-Asr University of Rafsanjan, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Mark A Tully
- School of Medicine, Ulster University, Londonderry, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Dong Keon Yon
- Department of Pediatrics, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Center for Digital Health, Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Laurie Butler
- Centre for Health Performance and Wellbeing, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK
| | - Yvonne Barnett
- Centre for Health Performance and Wellbeing, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK
| | - Graham Ball
- Medical Technology Research Centre, Anglia Ruskin University, Chelmsford, UK
| | - Jae Il Shin
- Department of Pediatrics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Severance Underwood Meta-research Center, Institute of Convergence Science, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ai Koyanagi
- Research and Development Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, CIBERSAM, ISCIII, Dr. Antoni Pujadas, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
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28
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Li C, Liu J, Ju Y, Liu B, Zhang Y. Multiple trajectories of depressive symptoms among Chinese in middle and late life: Characterization and risk factors. Int J Soc Psychiatry 2023; 69:1462-1471. [PMID: 37081758 DOI: 10.1177/00207640231164020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depressive symptoms, which are continuously changing, are an essential manifestation of depression and can increase the risk of mental disorders and other diseases. Because the causes and cures for depression have not yet been identified, finding the characteristics, and risk factors of depressive symptom trajectories can help us identify at-risk populations early and reduce the related public disease burden. AIMS Herein we aimed to figure out the specific manifestations of depressive symptom trajectories among Chinese adults, explore the risk profiles of trajectory groups with higher depression burdens, and test the longitudinal associations between blood biomarkers with depressive symptoms. METHODS Trajectories of participants' depressive symptoms measured by the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression scores were modeled with growth mixture models from 2011 to 2018. Multinomial logistic models tested associations of baseline covariates with trajectories. Generalized estimating equations were used to explore the longitudinal associations between blood data and depressive symptoms in two waves from 2011 to 2015. RESULTS Among the sample of 5,641 individuals aged 40 or over, four heterogeneous depressive symptom trajectories were defined: stable-low, high-decrease, stable-high, and low-increase. At baseline, demographic factors and health statuses such as gender, education, income, and self-reported health status were associated with trajectories. A significant association was found between high-density lipoprotein and depressive symptoms. CONCLUSIONS These findings provide clues for predicting and identifying adults with elevated depression burdens in middle and late life and may facilitate the development of targeted preventive strategies for this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Li
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, and The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Mental Health Institute of Central South University, China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Hunan Technology Institute of Psychiatry, Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hunan Medical Center for Mental Health, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Department of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jin Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, and The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Mental Health Institute of Central South University, China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Hunan Technology Institute of Psychiatry, Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hunan Medical Center for Mental Health, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yumeng Ju
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, and The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Mental Health Institute of Central South University, China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Hunan Technology Institute of Psychiatry, Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hunan Medical Center for Mental Health, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Bangshan Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, and The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Mental Health Institute of Central South University, China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Hunan Technology Institute of Psychiatry, Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hunan Medical Center for Mental Health, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, and The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Mental Health Institute of Central South University, China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Hunan Technology Institute of Psychiatry, Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hunan Medical Center for Mental Health, Changsha, Hunan, China
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29
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Ferro MA, Dol M, Basque D, Elgie M. Validating the 12-item proxy-administered World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule (WHODAS) 2.0 in young children with chronic physical illness in Canada. Disabil Rehabil 2023; 45:3135-3142. [PMID: 36093897 DOI: 10.1080/09638288.2022.2118868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study investigated the psychometric properties of the 12-item proxy-administered World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule (WHODAS) 2.0 in young children with chronic physical illness in Canada. MATERIALS AND METHODS Data come from the Multimorbidity in Youth across the Life-course, a longitudinal study of Canadian youth with physical illnesses (n = 263). Baseline parent-reported data from children (2-9 years, n = 143) and adolescents (10-16 years, n = 117) were analyzed. Wilcoxon's tests examined differences in WHODAS 2.0 scores between subgroups. Internal consistency was estimated, and confirmatory factor analysis modeled the WHODAS 2.0 factor structure. Regression modeling examined if the WHODAS 2.0 could discriminate between children with vs. without mental comorbidity. RESULTS Differences were found between children and adolescents regarding self-care and getting along, and for the item on emotional affect. Inter-item correlations were similar between subgroups and internal consistency was strong for children (α = 0.90) and adolescents (α = 0.93). The factor structure of the WHODAS 2.0 was confirmed; parameter estimates were similar between subgroups. The association between mental comorbidity and disability did not differ by age - comorbidity was associated with greater disability (β = 5.87, p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS The 12-item proxy-administered WHODAS 2.0 appears valid and reliable in young children with physical illness and can be used in this population.Implications for rehabilitationThe 12-item proxy-administered WHODAS 2.0 has acceptable inter-item correlations and internal consistency in young Canadian children with chronic physical illness, and its factor structure is consistent with previous reportsExpansion of its use in measuring disability in young children provides the opportunity to use the WHODAS 2.0 across the life-course, facilitating the interpretation of changes in disability over time or in response to treatmentAdditional research is needed to determine responsiveness to change and the minimal clinically important difference of the WHODAS 2.0 in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark A Ferro
- School of Public Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada
| | - Megan Dol
- School of Public Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada
| | - Dominique Basque
- School of Public Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada
| | - Melissa Elgie
- School of Public Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada
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30
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Seegan PL, Miller MJ, Heliste JL, Fathi L, McGuire JF. Efficacy of stand-alone digital mental health applications for anxiety and depression: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. J Psychiatr Res 2023; 164:171-183. [PMID: 37352813 PMCID: PMC10527200 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2023.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anxiety and depressive disorders affect 20% of the population, cause functional impairment, and represent a leading cause of disability. Although evidence-based treatments exist, the shortage of trained clinicians and high demand for mental health services have resulted in limited access to evidence-based care. Digital mental health applications (DMHA) present innovative, scalable, and sustainable solutions to address disparities in mental health care. METHODS The present study used meta-analytic techniques to evaluate the therapeutic effect of DMHAs in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) for individuals experiencing anxiety and/or depressive symptoms. Search terms were selected based on concepts related to digital mental health applications, mental health/wellness, intervention type, trial design, and anxiety and/or depression symptoms/diagnosis outcomes to capture all potentially eligible results. Potential demographic, DMHA, and trial design characteristics were examined as moderators of therapeutic effects. RESULTS Random effects meta-analyses found that stand-alone DMHAs produced a modest reduction in anxiety (g = 0.31) and depressive (g = 0.35) symptom severity. Several moderators influenced the therapeutic effects of DMHAs for anxiety and/or depressive symptoms including treatment duration, participant inclusion criteria, and outcome measures. LIMITATIONS Minimal information was available on DMHA usability and participant engagement with DMHAs within RCTs. CONCLUSIONS While DMHAs have the potential to be scalable and sustainable solutions to improve access and availability of evidence-based mental healthcare, moderator analyses highlight the considerations for implementation of DMHAs in practice. Further research is needed to understand factors that influence therapeutic effects of DMHAs and investigate strategies to optimize its implementation and overcome the extant research-to-practice gap.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paige L Seegan
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Michael J Miller
- Mid-Atlantic Permanente Research Institute, Kaiser Permanente Mid-Atlantic States, Rockville, MD, USA; Mid-Atlantic Permanente Medical Group, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Jennifer L Heliste
- Mid-Atlantic Permanente Research Institute, Kaiser Permanente Mid-Atlantic States, Rockville, MD, USA; Mid-Atlantic Permanente Medical Group, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Lily Fathi
- Mid-Atlantic Permanente Research Institute, Kaiser Permanente Mid-Atlantic States, Rockville, MD, USA; Mid-Atlantic Permanente Medical Group, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Joseph F McGuire
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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31
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Huang K, You S, Yue X, Yan S, Bai L, He R, Jiao Y, Han B, Momin K, Wu J, Jia Y, Chen L. Effects of non-pharmacological interventions on depressive symptoms and risk of major depressive disorder in adults with subthreshold depression: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Psychiatry Res 2023; 326:115333. [PMID: 37482046 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2023.115333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
Subthreshold depression (StD) is a condition that significantly reduces the quality of life and increases the risk of developing major depressive disorder (MDD). In order to investigate the effectiveness of non-pharmacological interventions (NPIs) in preventing the onset of MDD and improving depressive symptoms in adults with StD (AStDs), we conducted a systematic search of nine databases and included a total of 15 studies. Standardized mean differences (SMDs) were calculated using random effects models. RoB2 tool and GRADEpro software were used to assess the methodological quality and evidence. Funnel plots, Egger's, and Begg's tests were used to analyze publication bias. Sensitivity, subgroup and meta-regression analyses were performed to explore potential sources of heterogeneity. The results showed that NPIs had a significant effect in preventing the onset of MDD and improving depressive symptoms. Subgroup analysis revealed that NPIs were particularly effective in general adult populations, during short-term follow-up (FU) periods, among pregnant women, and in universal prevention programs. The results were found to be robust and credible, as they were less sensitive to changes in the analysis method. Timely detection and treatment of StD is feasible and important, as it can effectively delay or prevent the onset of MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kexin Huang
- School of Nursing, Jilin University, No.965 Xinjiang Street, Changchun, Jilin 130012, China
| | - Simiao You
- School of Sport Health and Technology, Jilin Sport University, No.2476 Ziyou Street, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Xin Yue
- School of Nursing, Jilin University, No.965 Xinjiang Street, Changchun, Jilin 130012, China
| | - Shoumeng Yan
- School of Nursing, Jilin University, No.965 Xinjiang Street, Changchun, Jilin 130012, China
| | - Linquan Bai
- Faculty of English, Jagiellonian University, Golebia 24, Kraków 31-007, Poland
| | - Rendong He
- School of Nursing, Jilin University, No.965 Xinjiang Street, Changchun, Jilin 130012, China
| | - Yongliang Jiao
- School of Nursing, Jilin University, No.965 Xinjiang Street, Changchun, Jilin 130012, China; School of Sport Health and Technology, Jilin Sport University, No.2476 Ziyou Street, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Bingyue Han
- School of Nursing, Jilin University, No.965 Xinjiang Street, Changchun, Jilin 130012, China
| | - Kadierya Momin
- School of Nursing, Jilin University, No.965 Xinjiang Street, Changchun, Jilin 130012, China
| | - Jiangmei Wu
- School of Nursing, Jilin University, No.965 Xinjiang Street, Changchun, Jilin 130012, China
| | - Yong Jia
- School of Nursing, Jilin University, No.965 Xinjiang Street, Changchun, Jilin 130012, China.
| | - Li Chen
- School of Nursing, Jilin University, No.965 Xinjiang Street, Changchun, Jilin 130012, China.
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32
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Pan Y, Zhang Y, Ma Z, Wang D, Ross B, Huang S, Fan F. The More, the Better? Social Capital Profiles and Adolescent Internalizing Symptoms: A Latent Profile Analysis. Child Psychiatry Hum Dev 2023:10.1007/s10578-023-01578-x. [PMID: 37515703 DOI: 10.1007/s10578-023-01578-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2023]
Abstract
Past research suggests that offline and online social capital are empirically linked to adolescent psychological adjustment. However, little is known regarding the implications of distinctive combinations of social capital for adolescent internalizing symptoms. The present study aimed to examine adolescent social capital patterns and their associations with internalizing symptoms by using latent profile analysis. A cross-sectional web-based survey was conducted among 1595 Chinese adolescents (mean age = 14.30 years, 50.7% male). All adolescents completed self-report questionnaires on their perceived offline and online social capital, depressive symptoms and anxiety symptoms. Latent profile analysis revealed four profiles of social capital: (1) Low Social Capital, (2) Moderate Social Capital, (3) High Social Capital, and (4) Only High Offline Social Capital. Further, analysis of covariance demonstrated that the Only High Offline Social Capital profile had significantly fewer internalizing symptoms than other three profiles. No statistical differences of internalizing symptoms were found between the other three profiles, except that the Moderate Social Capital profile showed fewer anxiety symptoms than the Low Social Capital profile. These findings suggest that more social capital does not equal to better mental health status. The social capital profiles and their associations with adolescent internalizing symptoms may provide practitioners with meaningful implications regarding the role of offline and online social capital in adolescent psychological adjustment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Pan
- School of Psychology, Centre for Studies of Psychological Applications, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Brain Cognition and Educational Science, South China Normal University, Shipai Road, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Yifan Zhang
- School of Psychology, Centre for Studies of Psychological Applications, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Brain Cognition and Educational Science, South China Normal University, Shipai Road, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Zijuan Ma
- School of Psychology, Centre for Studies of Psychological Applications, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Brain Cognition and Educational Science, South China Normal University, Shipai Road, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Dongfang Wang
- School of Psychology, Centre for Studies of Psychological Applications, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Brain Cognition and Educational Science, South China Normal University, Shipai Road, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Brendan Ross
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Shuiqing Huang
- School of Psychology, Centre for Studies of Psychological Applications, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Brain Cognition and Educational Science, South China Normal University, Shipai Road, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Fang Fan
- School of Psychology, Centre for Studies of Psychological Applications, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Brain Cognition and Educational Science, South China Normal University, Shipai Road, Guangzhou, 510631, China.
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Alloy LB, Chat IKY, Grehl MM, Stephenson AR, Adogli ZV, Olino TM, Ellman LM, Miller GE, Nusslock R. Reward and Immune Systems in Emotion (RISE) prospective longitudinal study: Protocol overview of an integrative reward-inflammation model of first onset of major depression in adolescence. Brain Behav Immun Health 2023; 30:100643. [PMID: 37304334 PMCID: PMC10250584 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbih.2023.100643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Depression is associated with a reduced sensitivity to rewards and low reward-related brain function in cortico-striatal circuitry. A separate literature documents elevated peripheral inflammation in depression. Recently, integrated reward-inflammation models of depression have been proposed. These models draw on work indicating that peripheral inflammatory proteins access the brain, where they lower reward responsiveness. This blunted reward responsiveness is proposed to initiate unhealthy behaviors (substance use, poor diet), as well as sleep disruption and stress generation, which further heighten inflammation. Over time, dysregulation in reward responsiveness and immune signaling may synergize in a positive feedback loop, whereby dysregulation in each system exacerbates dysregulation in the other. Project RISE (Reward and Immune Systems in Emotion) provides a first systematic test of reward-immune dysregulation as a synergistic and dynamic vulnerability for first onset of major depressive disorder and increases in depressive symptoms during adolescence. Methods This NIMH-funded R01 study is a 3-year prospective, longitudinal investigation of approximately 300 community adolescents from the broader Philadelphia area, United States of America. Eligible participants must be 13-16 years old, fluent in English, and without a prior major depressive disorder. They are being selected along the entire dimension of self-reported reward responsiveness, with oversampling at the low tail of the dimension in order to increase the likelihood of major depression onsets. At Time 1 (T1), T3, and T5, each a year apart, participants complete blood draws to quantify biomarkers of low-grade inflammation, self-report and behavioral measures of reward responsiveness, and fMRI scans of reward neural activity and functional connectivity. At T1-T5 (with T2 and T4 six months between the yearly sessions), participants also complete diagnostic interviews and measures of depressive symptoms, reward-relevant life events, and behaviors that increase inflammation. Adversity history is assessed at T1 only. Discussion This study is an innovative integration of research on multi-organ systems involved in reward and inflammatory signaling in understanding first onset of major depression in adolescence. It has the potential to facilitate novel neuroimmune and behavioral interventions to treat, and ideally prevent, depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren B. Alloy
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Temple University, USA
| | - Iris K.-Y. Chat
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Temple University, USA
| | - Mora M. Grehl
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Temple University, USA
| | | | - Zoe V. Adogli
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Temple University, USA
| | - Thomas M. Olino
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Temple University, USA
| | - Lauren M. Ellman
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Temple University, USA
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Vivas-Fernandez M, Garcia-Lopez LJ, Piqueras JA, Muela-Martinez JA, Canals-Sans J, Espinosa-Fernandez L, Jimenez-Vazquez D, Diaz-Castela MDM, Morales-Hidalgo P, Rivera M, Ehrenreich-May J. Randomized controlled trial for selective preventive transdiagnostic intervention for adolescents at risk for emotional disorders. Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health 2023; 17:77. [PMID: 37353831 PMCID: PMC10290361 DOI: 10.1186/s13034-023-00616-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Significant evidence does exist on the effectiveness of transdiagnostic interventions to improve emotional problems in clinical populations, and their application as universal and indicated prevention programs. However, no randomized controlled trials (RCT) studying selective transdiagnostic prevention intervention have been published. This is the first known RCT to evaluate the efficacy/effectiveness of an evidence-based selective prevention transdiagnostic program for emotional problems in adolescents. The impact of three different interventions was evaluated: (1) PROCARE (Preventive transdiagnostic intervention for Adolescents at Risk for Emotional disorders), which is a group-based, abbreviated version of the Unified Protocol for Transdiagnostic Treatment of Emotional Disorders in Adolescents (UP-A), along with adding a booster session to reduce risk of onset of anxiety and depression, (2) PROCARE + , which includes the PROCARE protocol along with personalized add-on modules tailored to match adolescents' risk factors, and (3) an active control condition (ACC) based on emotional psychoeducation. In total, 208 adolescents (48.5% girls) evidencing high risk and low protective factors were randomized and allocated to PROCARE, PROCARE + or ACC. Data from 153 adolescents who completed all assessments in the different phases of the study were analyzed. Self- and parent-reported measures were taken at baseline, as well as after the intervention, a 6 month follow-up was carried out, together with a 1 month follow-up after the booster session. Differences between conditions were significant on most of the outcome measures, with superior effect sizes for PROCARE + in the short and long term. Interventions were acceptable in terms of acceptability, with good satisfaction rates. Tailored targeted selective transdiagnostic interventions focused on mitigating risk factors and promoting protective factors in vulnerable adolescents are promising.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Luis-Joaquin Garcia-Lopez
- University of Jaen, Jaen, Spain
- Division of Clinical Psychology, Department of Psychology, University of Jaen, Campus de las Lagunillas s/n, C-5., Jaen, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Paula Morales-Hidalgo
- Universitat Rovira I Virgili, Tortosa, Spain
- Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
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Syed Sheriff R, Bergin L, Bonsaver L, Riga E, O'Dell B, Adams H, Glogowska M. Online arts and culture for mental health in young people: a qualitative interview study. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e071387. [PMID: 37336538 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-071387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/21/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to understand young people's perception of the potential utility of arts and culture, focusing on online access, for supporting their mental health. DESIGN A qualitative interview study. SETTING Online. PARTICIPANTS Participants were selected by purposeful sampling from an online survey of arts and culture for mental health and well-being. METHOD Individual semi-structured interviews were conducted from 30 July 2020 to 9 September 2020. Rich interview data were analysed using reflexive thematic analysis. RESULTS Thirteen participants aged 18-24 who were socio-demographically diverse and varied in their use of online arts and culture (OAC) and in their level of psychological distress were interviewed. Six themes, 'Characteristics of other activities', 'Online engagement', 'Human connection', 'Mechanisms of impact', 'Mental health outcomes' and 'Engagement optimisation', were identified along with subthemes. Participants identified that online engagement had some advantages over in-person engagement and benefits were greater with familiarity and regular use. Participants described that human connection was the feature of OAC most likely to benefit mental health and emphasised the importance of representation. Mechanisms included improving perspective, reflection, learning, escapism, creativity, exploration and discovery. Outcomes were described as the disruption of negative thought patterns, lifting of mood and increased feelings of calm and proactivity. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates that young people have a critical level of insight and understanding regarding their mental health and ways in which it might be improved. These findings can be used to optimise the mental health benefits of OAC in an engaging and acceptable way for young people. These methodologies could be applied to other types of community resources for mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Syed Sheriff
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Oxford Health NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - Laura Bergin
- Gardens, Libraries and Museums, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Laura Bonsaver
- Gardens, Libraries and Museums, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Evgenia Riga
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Bessie O'Dell
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Helen Adams
- Gardens, Libraries and Museums, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Margaret Glogowska
- Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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Beltrán-Garrayo L, Solar M, Blanco M, Graell M, Sepúlveda AR. Examining associations between obesity and mental health disorders from childhood to adolescence: A case-control prospective study. Psychiatry Res 2023; 326:115296. [PMID: 37331070 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2023.115296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
Childhood obesity and mental disorders often co-exist. To date, most of the studies are cross-sectional, involve the assessment of a specific disorder, and rely on self-report questionnaires. This study aimed to provide a comprehensive psychological assessment to examine the concurrent and prospective association between childhood obesity and mental health problems. We compared 34 children with obesity with 37 children with normal weight at baseline, and at a five-year follow-up, to examine the development of mental health disorders from childhood (8-12 years) to adolescence (13-18 years). Both assessments included a clinical interview and self-reported measures of psychosocial and family markers. Findings showed that the obesity group had a higher prevalence of mental disorders, and psychological comorbidity increased in five years. Prospectively, childhood obesity was associated with a psychological diagnosis in adolescence. Moreover, the obesity group displayed higher severity of symptoms at both times. Finally, body esteem contributed to predicting mental health disorders in adolescence regardless of weight status, while eating symptomatology was a specific marker for the obesity group. Therefore, in the management of childhood obesity is suggested to address also psychosocial variables such as weight-related teasing and body esteem, to prevent the onset or development of mental health problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Beltrán-Garrayo
- Department of Biological and Health Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
| | - María Solar
- Research & Development Department, Hogrefe TEA Ediciones, Madrid, Spain
| | - Miriam Blanco
- Department of Biological and Health Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Montserrat Graell
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, University Hospital Niño Jesús, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Rosa Sepúlveda
- Department of Biological and Health Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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He Y, Zeng Q, Zhang M. The Mediating Roles of Future Work Self and Hope on the Association Between Perceived Social Support and Depressive Symptoms Among Chinese Vocational School Students: A Cross-Sectional Study. Psychol Res Behav Manag 2023; 16:2125-2136. [PMID: 37334406 PMCID: PMC10275316 DOI: 10.2147/prbm.s414356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Depressive symptoms are serious mental health problems, which are harmful for adolescents' physical and psychological development. Limited studies have focused on depressive symptoms of vocational high school students, who are more susceptible to mental health problems than high school students. Based on the main effect model of social support and self-regulation theory, the current study aims at exploring two potential mediating roles of hope and future work self on the relationship between perceived social support and depressive symptoms among vocational high school students by a cross-sectional study. Participants and Methods A total of 521 vocational high school students aged 14-21 (M= 16.45; SD= 0.91) participated in the survey. There were 266 males (51.1%) and 255 females (48.9%). The multidimensional scale of perceived social support, the future work self scale, the children's hope scale, and the center for epidemiologic studies depression scale were applied in the study. Results The results revealed that: (1) perceived social support, future work self, and hope were negatively related to depressive symptoms (r = -0.25 to -0.35, p < 0.001); (2) students who perceived more social support have fewer depressive symptoms (β = -0.22, p < 0.001); (3) perceived social support predicted a more salient future work self and then was associated with higher levels of hope, which in turn, was related to lower levels of depressive symptoms (β = -0.02, and 95% CI = [-0.035, -0.005]). Conclusion Perceived social support was the protective factor against vocational school students' depressive symptoms. More specifically, stronger perceived social support predicted a more salient future work self, which promoted high level of hope, and ultimately decreased vocational school students' depressive symptoms. The findings provide enlighten implications for interventions on depressive symptoms among vocational high school students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingshi He
- School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qing Zeng
- School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Minqiang Zhang
- School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Center for Studies of Psychological Application, School of Psychology, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
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Clauss JA, Bhiku K, Burke A, Pimentel-Diaz Y, DeTore NR, Zapetis S, Zvonar V, Kritikos K, Canenguez KM, Cather C, Holt DJ. Development of a transdiagnostic, resilience-focused intervention for at-risk adolescents. J Ment Health 2023; 32:592-601. [PMID: 36369940 PMCID: PMC10175511 DOI: 10.1080/09638237.2022.2140790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Environmental adversity and subclinical symptoms of psychopathology in adolescents increase their risk for developing a future psychiatric disorder, yet interventions that may prevent poor outcomes in these vulnerable adolescents are not widely available. AIMS To develop and test the feasibility and acceptability of a prevention-focused program to enhance resilience in high-risk adolescents. METHOD Adolescents with subclinical psychopathology living in a predominantly low-income, Latinx immigrant community were identified during pediatrician visits. A group-based intervention focused on teaching emotion recognition and regulation skills was piloted in three cohorts of adolescents (n = 11, 10, and 7, respectively), using a single arm design. The second and third iterations included sessions with parents. RESULTS Eighty-eight percent of participants completed the program, which was rated as beneficial. Also, from baseline to end of treatment, there was a significant decrease in subclinical symptoms and a significant increase in the adolescents' positive social attribution bias (all p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS A resilience-focused intervention administered to high-risk adolescents was found to be feasible and acceptable to participants. Future work is needed to determine whether such a program can reduce the incidence of negative outcomes, such as the development of psychiatric disorders and related disability, in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline A Clauss
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kamila Bhiku
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Anne Burke
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ylira Pimentel-Diaz
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nicole R DeTore
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sarah Zapetis
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Vanya Zvonar
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Katherine Kritikos
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Katia M Canenguez
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Corinne Cather
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Daphne J Holt
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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Zhang R, Peng X, Song X, Long J, Wang C, Zhang C, Huang R, Lee TMC. The prevalence and risk of developing major depression among individuals with subthreshold depression in the general population. Psychol Med 2023; 53:3611-3620. [PMID: 35156595 PMCID: PMC10277767 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291722000241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Subthreshold depression could be a significant precursor to and a risk factor for major depression. However, reliable estimates of the prevalence and its contribution to developing major depression under different terminologies depicting subthreshold depression have to be established. METHODS By searching PubMed and Web of Science using predefined inclusion criteria, we included 1 129 969 individuals from 113 studies conducted. The prevalence estimates were calculated using the random effect model. The incidence risk ratio (IRR) was estimated by measuring the ratio of individuals with subthreshold depression who developed major depression compared to that of non-depressed individuals from 19 studies (88, 882 individuals). RESULTS No significant difference in the prevalence among the different terminologies depicting subthreshold depression (Q = 1.96, p = 0.5801) was found. By pooling the prevalence estimates of subthreshold depression in 113 studies, we obtained a summary prevalence of 11.02% [95% confidence interval (CI) 9.78-12.33%]. The youth group had the highest prevalence (14.17%, 95% CI 8.82-20.55%), followed by the elderly group (12.95%, 95% CI 11.41-14.58%) and the adult group (8.92%, 95% CI 7.51-10.45%). Further analysis of 19 studies' incidence rates showed individuals with subthreshold depression had an increased risk of developing major depression (IRR = 2.95, 95% CI 2.33-3.73), and the term minor depression showed the highest IRR compared with other terms (IRR = 3.97, 95% CI 3.17-4.96). CONCLUSIONS Depression could be a spectrum disorder, with subthreshold depression being a significant precursor to and a risk factor for major depression. Proactive management of subthreshold depression could be effective for managing the increasing prevalence of major depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruibin Zhang
- Laboratory of Cognitive Control and Brain Healthy, Department of Psychology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Psychiatry, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | | | - Xiaoqi Song
- Laboratory of Cognitive Control and Brain Healthy, Department of Psychology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jixin Long
- Laboratory of Cognitive Control and Brain Healthy, Department of Psychology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chanyu Wang
- Laboratory of Cognitive Control and Brain Healthy, Department of Psychology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chichen Zhang
- School of Management, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ruiwang Huang
- School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tatia M. C. Lee
- State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR China
- Laboratory of Neuropsychology and Human Neuroscience, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR China
- Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, Guangzhou, China
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DeTore NR, Luther L, Deng W, Zimmerman J, Leathem L, Burke AS, Nyer MB, Holt DJ. Efficacy of a transdiagnostic, prevention-focused program for at-risk young adults: a waitlist-controlled trial. Psychol Med 2023; 53:3490-3499. [PMID: 35227342 PMCID: PMC9433469 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291722000046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Revised: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prevention programs that are 'transdiagnostic' may be more cost-effective and beneficial, in terms of reducing levels of psychopathology in the general population, than those focused on a specific disorder. This randomized controlled study evaluated the efficacy of one such intervention program called Resilience Training (RT). METHODS College students who reported mildly elevated depressive or subclinical psychotic symptoms ('psychotic experiences' (PEs)) (n = 107) were randomized to receiving RT (n = 54) or to a waitlist control condition (n = 53). RT consists of a four-session intervention focused on improving resilience through the acquisition of mindfulness, self-compassion, and mentalization skills. Measures of symptoms and these resilience-enhancing skills were collected before and after the 4-week RT/waitlist period, with a follow-up assessment 12-months later. RESULTS Compared to the waitlist control group, RT participants reported significantly greater reductions in PEs, distress associated with PEs, depression, and anxiety, as well as significantly greater improvements in resilience, mindfulness, self-compassion, and positive affect, following the 4-week RT/waitlist period (all p < 0.03). Moreover, improvements in resilience-promoting skills were significantly correlated with symptom reductions (all p < 0.05). Lastly, the RT-related reductions in PEs and associated distress were maintained at the 12-month follow-up assessment. CONCLUSIONS RT is a brief, group-based intervention associated with improved resilience and reduced symptoms of psychopathology, with sustained effects on PEs, in transdiagnostically at-risk young adults. Follow-up studies can further assess the efficacy of RT relative to other interventions and test whether it can reduce the likelihood of developing a serious mental illness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole R. DeTore
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lauren Luther
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Psychology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Wisteria Deng
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jordan Zimmerman
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Anne S. Burke
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Maren B. Nyer
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Daphne J. Holt
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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Yao Y, Qi X, Jia Y, Ye J, Chu X, Wen Y, Cheng B, Cheng S, Liu L, Liang C, Wu C, Wang X, Ning Y, Wang S, Zhang F. Evaluating the interactive effects of dietary habits and human gut microbiome on the risks of depression and anxiety. Psychol Med 2023; 53:3047-3055. [PMID: 35074039 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291721005092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gut microbiome and dietary patterns have been suggested to be associated with depression/anxiety. However, limited effort has been made to explore the effects of possible interactions between diet and microbiome on the risks of depression and anxiety. METHODS Using the latest genome-wide association studies findings in gut microbiome and dietary habits, polygenic risk scores (PRSs) analysis of gut microbiome and dietary habits was conducted in the UK Biobank cohort. Logistic/linear regression models were applied for evaluating the associations for gut microbiome-PRS, dietary habits-PRS, and their interactions with depression/anxiety status and Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9)/Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) score by R software. RESULTS We observed 51 common diet-gut microbiome interactions shared by both PHQ score and depression status, such as overall beef intake × genus Sporobacter [hurdle binary (HB)] (PPHQ = 7.88 × 10-4, Pdepression status = 5.86 × 10-4); carbohydrate × genus Lactococcus (HB) (PPHQ = 0.0295, Pdepression status = 0.0150). We detected 41 common diet-gut microbiome interactions shared by GAD score and anxiety status, such as sugar × genus Parasutterella (rank normal transformed) (PGAD = 5.15 × 10-3, Panxiety status = 0.0347); tablespoons of raw vegetables per day × family Coriobacteriaceae (HB) (PGAD = 6.02 × 10-4, Panxiety status = 0.0345). Some common significant interactions shared by depression and anxiety were identified, such as overall beef intake × genus Sporobacter (HB). CONCLUSIONS Our study results expanded our understanding of how to comprehensively consider the relationships for dietary habits-gut microbiome interactions with depression and anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Yao
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xin Qi
- Precision Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P. R. China
| | - Yumeng Jia
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jing Ye
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiaomeng Chu
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yan Wen
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Bolun Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Shiqiang Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Li Liu
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Chujun Liang
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Cuiyan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yujie Ning
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Sen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
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Gonzalez-Casals H, Vives J, Bosque-Prous M, Folch C, Drou-Roget G, Muntaner C, Vives-Cases C, Barbaglia MG, Colom J, Espelt A. Gender inequalities in the prevalence of low mood and related factors in schooled adolescents during the 2019-2020 school year: DESKcohort project. J Affect Disord 2023; 333:305-312. [PMID: 37084966 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.04.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mood disorders are the second most prevalent mental disorders in childhood and adolescence. Many undiagnosed people manifest subthreshold symptoms, like low mood, and present worse prognoses than asymptomatic healthy subjects. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of low mood, gender inequalities, and associated factors, in 12- to 18-year-old adolescents in the rural and medium-sized urban areas of Central Catalonia during the 2019-2020 academic year. METHODS Cross-sectional study with data from a cohort of high-schooled students (2019-2020), with a convenience sample of 6428 adolescents from the Central region of Catalonia (48.3 % boys and 51.7 % girls). Prevalence of low mood was estimated by gender and exposure variables, and ratios were obtained using Poisson regression models, adjusting for several exposure variables one by one, and for all of them jointly. RESULTS The prevalence of low mood was 18.6 %, with statistically significant differences between genders (11.6 %, 95 % CI: 10.5-12.8 in boys and 25.1 %, 95 % CI: 23.7-26.6 in girls). Being an immigrant, dieting, and daily tobacco smoking were only associated with low mood in girls, whereas risky alcohol consumption was only associated in boys. Sexual violence was found to account for 36.2 % of low mood problems in girls. LIMITATIONS The main limitation of the study is its cross-sectional design, which means that no casual relationships can be extracted of this study. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of low mood varies between the sexes, highlighting the importance of developing gender-specific interventions to reduce its incidence in young people, considering the factors associated with this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena Gonzalez-Casals
- Department of Epidemiology and Methodology of Social and Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences of Manresa, Universitat de Vic - Universitat Central de Catalunya (UVic-UCC), Av. Universitària, 4-6, 08242 Manresa, Spain
| | - Jaume Vives
- Department of Psychobiology and Methodology in Health Sciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), C/de Ca n'Altayó, s/n, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Marina Bosque-Prous
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Rambla del Poblenou, 156, 08018 Barcelona, Spain; Department of Psychobiology and Methodology in Health Sciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), C/de Ca n'Altayó, s/n, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain.
| | - Cinta Folch
- Centre d'Estudis Epidemiològics sobre les Infeccions de Transmissió Sexual i Sida de Catalunya (CEEISCAT), Generalitat de Catalunya, Carretera de Canyet, s/n, 08916 Badalona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Av. Monforte de Lemos, 3-5, Pabellón 11, Planta 0, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Gemma Drou-Roget
- Department of Epidemiology and Methodology of Social and Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences of Manresa, Universitat de Vic - Universitat Central de Catalunya (UVic-UCC), Av. Universitària, 4-6, 08242 Manresa, Spain
| | - Carles Muntaner
- Lawrence S. Bloomberg Faculty of Nursing, University of Toronto, 155 College Street, Toronto, ON M6H 1B7, Canada
| | - Carmen Vives-Cases
- Department of Community Nursing, Preventive Medicine and Public Health and Science History, Universidad de Alicante, Ctra. De San Vicente del Raspeig, s/n, 03690 Alicante, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Av. Monforte de Lemos, 3-5, Pabellón 11, Planta 0, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - María Gabriela Barbaglia
- Agència de Salut Pública de Barcelona, Pl. de Lesseps, 1, 08023 Barcelona, Spain; Department de Experimental and Health Sciences, Univeristat Pompeu Fabra, Plaça de la Mercè, 10-12, 08002 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joan Colom
- Sub-Direcció General d'Addiccions, VIH, Infeccions de Transmissió Sexual i Hepatitis Víriques, Agència de Salut Pública de Catalunya, Departament de Salut, Generalitat de Catalunya, Carrer de Roc Boronat, 81-95, 08005 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Albert Espelt
- Department of Psychobiology and Methodology in Health Sciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), C/de Ca n'Altayó, s/n, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain; Department of Epidemiology and Methodology of Social and Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences of Manresa, Universitat de Vic - Universitat Central de Catalunya (UVic-UCC), Av. Universitària, 4-6, 08242 Manresa, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Av. Monforte de Lemos, 3-5, Pabellón 11, Planta 0, 28029 Madrid, Spain
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Posamentier J, Seibel K, DyTang N. Preventing Youth Suicide: A Review of School-Based Practices and How Social-Emotional Learning Fits Into Comprehensive Efforts. TRAUMA, VIOLENCE & ABUSE 2023; 24:746-759. [PMID: 35139714 DOI: 10.1177/15248380211039475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Schools in the United States increasingly incorporate social-emotional learning (SEL) as a part of comprehensive youth suicide prevention programs in schools. We reviewed the literature to investigate the inclusion of SEL in youth suicide prevention efforts. We identified several known risk factors to youth suicide, namely, hopelessness, anxiety, substance use, and child sexual abuse, then cross-walked that review to SEL competencies shown to mitigate each of those known risk factors. We found all SEL competencies, to some extent, across all the evidence-based, school-based youth suicide prevention programs we identified. Further, we found that all five SEL competencies are shown directly to address and mitigate the major, known risk factors for youth suicide. These findings suggest that SEL can play a productive role in upstream youth suicide prevention. State-level policy makers and school administrators should consider the inclusion of evidence-based SEL in efforts to address youth suicide prevention.
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Jones JD, Long EE, Hankin BL, Gallop R, Davis M, Young JF. Personalized Depression Prevention Reduces Dependent Stressors Among Adolescents: Results from a Randomized Controlled Trial. JOURNAL OF CLINICAL CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHOLOGY : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL FOR THE SOCIETY OF CLINICAL CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHOLOGY, AMERICAN PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION, DIVISION 53 2023:1-14. [PMID: 36940144 PMCID: PMC10509329 DOI: 10.1080/15374416.2023.2188562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/21/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Depression and stressors both increase during adolescence. The stress generation model posits that depression symptoms and associated impairment contribute to the generation of dependent stressors. Adolescent depression prevention programs have been shown to reduce the risk of depression. Recently, risk-informed personalization approaches have been adopted to enhance the efficacy of depression prevention, and preliminary evidence supports the beneficial effects of personalized prevention on depression symptoms. Given the close association between depression and stress, we examined the hypothesis that personalized depression prevention programs would reduce adolescents' experience of dependent stressors (interpersonal and non-interpersonal) over longitudinal follow-up. METHOD The present study included 204 adolescents (56% girls, 29% racial minority) who were randomized to receive either a cognitive-behavioral or an interpersonal prevention program. Youth were categorized as high or low on cognitive and interpersonal risk using a previously established risk classification system. Half of the adolescents received a prevention program that matched their risk profile (e.g., high cognitive risk randomized to cognitive-behavioral prevention); half received a mismatched program (e.g., high interpersonal risk randomized to cognitive-behavioral prevention). Exposure to dependent and independent stressors was assessed repeatedly over an 18-month follow-up period. RESULTS Matched adolescents reported fewer dependent stressors during the post-intervention follow-up period (d = .46, p = .002) and from baseline through 18-months post-intervention (d = .35, p = .02) compared to mismatched youth. As expected, there were no differences between matched and mismatched youth on the experience of independent stressors. CONCLUSIONS These findings further highlight the potential of personalized approaches to depression prevention and demonstrate benefits that go beyond depression symptom reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason D Jones
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine
| | - Erin E Long
- Department of Psychology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
| | - Benjamin L Hankin
- Department of Psychology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
| | | | - Molly Davis
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia
- Penn Implementation Science Center at the Leonard Davis Institute of Health Economics (PISCE@LDI), University of Pennsylvania
| | - Jami F Young
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine
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Tao Y, Hou W, Niu H, Ma Z, Zheng Z, Wang S, Liu X, Zhang L. Comparing the centrality symptoms of major depressive disorder samples across junior high school students, senior high school students, college students and elderly adults during city lockdown of COVID-19 pandemic-A network analysis. J Affect Disord 2023; 324:190-198. [PMID: 36586620 PMCID: PMC9797224 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2022.12.120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Revised: 09/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Recently, in the view of network analysis, depression has been conceptualized as a complex and dynamic network model combining individual symptoms. To date, no studies have systematically examined and compared depressive symptom networks across different populations. METHODS A total of 36,105 participants were recruited and asked to complete the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 among junior high school students, senior high school students, college students, and elderly adults who were more susceptible to depression during the COVID-19 lockdown in China. In the analysis, we applied the optimal cutoff score ≥ 8 for students and a score ≥ 6 for elderly adults to identify 5830 participants who were likely to be depressed. The index of "strength" was used to identify central symptoms in the network structure. RESULTS The results showed that Sad Mood was the most central symptom among junior high school students, senior high school students, and college students, but the most central symptom in the elderly was Guilt. Among the top three central symptoms, Suicide Ideation was unique to senior high school students, while Anhedonia was most prevalent among college students. Guilt - Suicide Ideation, Anhedonia - Energy, Anhedonia - Sad Mood, and Sleep - Energy showed the strongest association among junior and senior high school students, college students, and elderly adults, respectively. NCT (i.e., Network Comparison Test) suggested that the network's global connectivity was ultimately inconsistent, but the network structure remained roughly intact. CONCLUSION In treatment, targeting central symptoms may be critical to alleviating depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanqiang Tao
- Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Psychology Education, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Wenxin Hou
- Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Psychology Education, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Haiqun Niu
- School of Psychology, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210097, China
| | - Zijuan Ma
- School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China.
| | - Zeqing Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Shujian Wang
- Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Psychology Education, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Xiangping Liu
- Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Psychology Education, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Liang Zhang
- College Students' Mental Health Education Center, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; College of Education for the Future, Beijing Normal University AT ZHUHAI, Zhuhai 519087, China.
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lv Q, Li X, Zhang Y, Lu D, Lu J, Xie Q, Li H, Wu Y, Wang C, Yi Z. Sex differences in subjective cognitive impairment and clinical correlates in Chinese patients with subthreshold depression. Biol Sex Differ 2023; 14:6. [PMID: 36782299 PMCID: PMC9926784 DOI: 10.1186/s13293-023-00488-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Subthreshold depression (SD) is a global mental health problem given its high prevalence, comorbidity, functional impairment, and its association with increased service utilization. However, currently little is known about sex differences of SD in cognitive impairment with clinical correlates. This study aims to explore sex differences in subjective cognitive impairment and clinically associated risk factors in Chinese patients with subthreshold depression (SD). METHODS A total of 126 patients with SD, 40 males and 86 females, aged 18-45 years, were included in this cross-sectional observational study. Their general information, psychological assessments, and psychiatric symptom assessments were collected online. The Patient Health Questionnaire depression-9 (PHQ-9), Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7), Perceived Deficits Questionnaire-Depression (PDQ-D), and Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20) with 3 subdomains were used. The obtained scores were analyzed with partial correlation and multiple linear regression analysis models. RESULTS Our results showed that females had significantly higher PDQ-D-20 total score than males. However, the differences in TAS-20 and subdomain score according to sex were not significant. Notably, TAS-20 and DDF (difficulty describing feelings) subdomain contributed to cognitive impairment in males, whereas both PHQ-9 total score and TAS-20 or DDF subdomain contributed to cognitive impairment in females. CONCLUSION These findings revealed significant sex differences in cognitive impairment and clinical correlates in SD, which should be further followed-up in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinyu lv
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 600 South Wanping Road, Shanghai, 200030 China ,grid.8547.e0000 0001 0125 2443Institute of Mental Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040 China ,grid.8547.e0000 0001 0125 2443Department of Psychiatry, Huashan Hospital, School of Medicine, Fudan University, No. 12 Wulumuqi Road (Middle), Shanghai, 200040 People’s Republic of China
| | - Xin Li
- grid.8547.e0000 0001 0125 2443Department of Psychiatry, Huashan Hospital, School of Medicine, Fudan University, No. 12 Wulumuqi Road (Middle), Shanghai, 200040 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yao Zhang
- grid.8547.e0000 0001 0125 2443Department of Psychiatry, Huashan Hospital, School of Medicine, Fudan University, No. 12 Wulumuqi Road (Middle), Shanghai, 200040 People’s Republic of China
| | - Daofeng Lu
- grid.8547.e0000 0001 0125 2443Department of Psychiatry, Huashan Hospital, School of Medicine, Fudan University, No. 12 Wulumuqi Road (Middle), Shanghai, 200040 People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiajing Lu
- grid.8547.e0000 0001 0125 2443Department of Psychiatry, Huashan Hospital, School of Medicine, Fudan University, No. 12 Wulumuqi Road (Middle), Shanghai, 200040 People’s Republic of China
| | - Qingfang Xie
- Shanghai Baoshan Mental Health Center, Shanghai, 201900 China
| | - Hong Li
- Shanghai Baoshan Mental Health Center, Shanghai, 201900 China
| | - Yiming Wu
- Shanghai Yangpu Mental Health Center, Shanghai, 200093 China
| | - Chongze Wang
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 600 South Wanping Road, Shanghai, 200030, China.
| | - Zhenghui Yi
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 600 South Wanping Road, Shanghai, 200030, China. .,Institute of Mental Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China. .,Department of Psychiatry, Huashan Hospital, School of Medicine, Fudan University, No. 12 Wulumuqi Road (Middle), Shanghai, 200040, People's Republic of China.
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Babicka-Wirkus A, Kozłowski P, Wirkus Ł, Stasiak K. Internalizing and Externalizing Disorder Levels among Adolescents: Data from Poland. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:2752. [PMID: 36768117 PMCID: PMC9915207 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20032752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
This article concerns internalizing and externalizing behaviors among Polish adolescents attending primary schools in a medium-sized city in Poland. The aim of the study was to examine the levels of select problem behaviors (i.e., depression, withdrawal, somatic complaints, aggressive behaviors, delinquent behaviors, thought problems, and internalizing and externalizing disorders) in early adolescence. Another important aim was to establish the ranges of the norm and deviation which would indicate the need for intervention aimed at internalizing and externalizing disorders in the sample. The relationships between variables such as age, gender, and school achievement (grade average) and the groups of problem behaviors and externalizing and internalizing disorders were also examined. To diagnose the occurrence of internalizing and externalizing behaviors, a sample of 550 students (55.3% girls, 46.7% boys) were measured using the Youth Self-Report (YSR) questionnaire. The results showed statistically significant differences in internalizing and externalizing behaviors between boys and girls. Girls achieved higher scores on most of the YSR scales, including internalizing and externalizing disorders, as well as on the total score. The student subgroup scores were also differentiated in terms of age and their average grades. The results also have practical implications; namely, the need for obligatory screening tests of students' emotional states; encouraging preventive measures in schools, including diagnosis and psychological support in the context of depression; monitoring aggressive behaviors and social problems, both in boys and girls; and implementing universal, selective, and indicated prevention through complex, empirically validated educational-therapeutic programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Babicka-Wirkus
- Institute of Pedagogy, Pomeranian University in Słupsk, Arciszewskiego 22A, 76-200 Słupsk, Poland
| | - Paweł Kozłowski
- Institute of Pedagogy, Pomeranian University in Słupsk, Arciszewskiego 22A, 76-200 Słupsk, Poland
| | - Łukasz Wirkus
- Institute of Pedagogy, University of Gdańsk, Bażyńskiego 4, 80-309 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Stasiak
- Department of Substantive Criminal Law and Criminology, University of Gdańsk, Bażyńskiego 6, 80-309 Gdańsk, Poland
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Murray MA, Obeid N, Gunnell KE, Buchholz A, Flament MF, Goldfield GS. Appearance satisfaction mediates the relationship between recreational screen time and depressive symptoms in adolescents. Child Adolesc Ment Health 2023; 28:12-21. [PMID: 35848615 DOI: 10.1111/camh.12576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Research suggests there is an association between high levels of recreational screen time and depression among adolescents; however, mechanisms driving this association remain unknown. The present study examined appearance and weight satisfaction and disordered eating behaviors as mediators in the relationship between recreational screen time and depressive symptoms in adolescents. METHOD Longitudinal data on screen time, depressive symptoms, disordered eating behaviors, and appearance and weight satisfaction from 304 adolescents (194 females, Mage = 13.40) were analyzed through a moment structure model. RESULTS Results revealed appearance dissatisfaction mediated the direct effect of recreational screen time on depressive symptoms (Estimate = 0.48, SE = .18, 95% CI [0.12, 0.84]), and that recreational screen time was significantly related to lower appearance satisfaction (Estimate = -0.06, SE = .02, 95% CI [-0.10, -0.01]), which was significantly predictive of more severe depressive symptoms (Estimate = -1.49, SE = .62, 95% CI [-2.71, -0.28]). CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that modulating screen time may be an efficacious strategy to reduce appearance dissatisfaction and depressive symptoms during adolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marisa A Murray
- Department of Psychology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Nicole Obeid
- Eating Disorders Program, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Katie E Gunnell
- Department of Psychology, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Annick Buchholz
- Centre for Healthy Active Living, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Martine F Flament
- University of Ottawa Institute of Mental Health Research, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Gary S Goldfield
- Department of Psychology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Department of Psychology, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Healthy Active Living and Obesity, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
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Fonseca-Pedrero E, Pérez-Albéniz A, Al-Halabí S, Lucas-Molina B, Ortuño-Sierra J, Díez-Gómez A, Pérez-Sáenz J, Inchausti F, Valero García AV, Gutiérrez García A, Aritio Solana R, Ródenas-Perea G, De Vicente Clemente MP, Ciarreta López A, Debbané M. PSICE Project Protocol: Evaluation of the Unified Protocol for Transdiagnostic Treatment for Adolescents with Emotional Symptoms in School Settings. CLÍNICA Y SALUD 2023. [DOI: 10.5093/clysa2023a3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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Cepuch G, Kruszecka-Krówka A, Liber P, Micek A. Association between Suicidal Behaviors in Adolescence and Negative Emotions, the Level of Stress, Stress Coping Strategies and the Quality of Sleep. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:healthcare11030306. [PMID: 36766881 PMCID: PMC9914235 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11030306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Suicidal behaviors in adolescents stem from complex processes deeply rooted in various spheres of life and functioning. The study was aimed at assessing the relationship between selected negative emotions, the quality of sleep, the level of perceived stress as well as stress coping strategies and suicidal ideation and attempts among high school students. The examined group consisted of adolescents aged 16-18 recruited by social-media groups in Poland. The study was based on a diagnostic survey with the application of CAWI method. The other research tools applied in the study included: Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale-Modified, Perceived Stress Scale-10, How do you cope?-Questionnaire, Athens Insomnia Scale as well as the authors' own questionnaire on suicidal ideation and suicide attempts. Anxiety, depression, aggression and insomnia as well as a high level of stress were statistically more common in girls than in boys (p < 0.001). The high level of negative emotions and insomnia, in turn, increased the risk of suicidal ideation (OR = 3.59, 95% CI: 2.13-6.06 and OR = 2.35, 95% CI: 1.60-3.46), as well as suicide attempts (OR = 6.29, 95% CI: 2.93-14.80 and OR = 3.29, 95% CI: 2.07-5.35). Additionally, high level of stress was associated with more than twice larger odds of suicidal ideation (OR = 2.26, 95% CI: 1.13-4.63). Significantly higher prevalence of suicidal ideation (p = 0.017) and suicide attempts (p = 0.016) was observed in girls. A high level of negative emotions and stress accompanied by a low quality of sleep are factors predisposing people to suicidal ideation and attempted suicide.
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