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İpek Aytok G, Akkaya Fırat A, Mungan Akın İ, Özel A. How does maternal anemia affect the levels of umbilical cord brain-derived neurotrophic factor? Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2024; 297:182-186. [PMID: 38677095 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2024.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effect of maternal iron deficiency anemia on the umbilical cord level of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), which plays a very important role in the central nervous system. METHODS Our research was planned as a quantitative, prospective, and analytical type of study. A total of 90 volunteers, term, singleton pregnant hospitalized in the Health Sciences University Ümraniye Training and Research Hospital Gynecology and Obstetrics Clinic between September 2021 and August 2022 were included in this study. While 45 of these pregnants were pregnant women with iron deficiency anemia (hemoglobin ≤ 110 g/L and serum ferritin level ≤ 12 μg/L), 45 cases were in the control group without iron deficiency anemia (hemoglobin > 110 g/L, serum ferritin > 12 μg/L). When pregnant were admitted to the hospital, blood samples were taken to analyze hemoglobin, mean cell volume (MCV), iron, unsaturated iron binding capacity, total iron binding capacity, serum ferritin, transferrin, and CRP levels. Also, we noted the maternal age, gravida, parity, birth weight, head circumference, type of birth, 1. minute Apgar score, and 5. minute Apgar score. During the delivery; after the umbilical cord had been clamped and cut, we took 5 cc of umbilical cord blood. Then, we put it in the serum-separating laboratory tubes. After we centrifuged these blood samples, we put the serum parts in the Eppendorf tubes to be stored at -80 degrees Celsius. At the end of the study, we calculated the level of BDNF using special human brain-derived neurotrophic factor ELISA kits. The umbilical cord BDNF levels of the maternal iron deficiency anemia group and the control group were compared statistically. RESULTS When we evaluated the fetal umbilical cord BDNF values of 90 participants, the median value BDNF in the babies of 45 anemic mothers was 3.16 (IQR 0.73), and the median BDNF value of the babies of 45 healthy mothers was 5.37 (IQR 1.02). We found a statistical difference between BDNF and hemoglobin, hematocrit, MCV, and iron values between these two groups. CONCLUSION In conclusion, the BDNF value of the babies of healthy individuals is higher than that of anemic individuals. Our study showed that the amount of BDNF in the umbilical cord blood was significantly affected by maternal iron deficiency anemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gökçe İpek Aytok
- Health Sciences University Ümraniye Training and Research Hospital, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics Ümraniye Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Asuman Akkaya Fırat
- Health Sciences University Fatih Sultan Mehmet Training and Research Hospital, Medical Biochemistry Laboratory, Ataşehir Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - İlke Mungan Akın
- Health Sciences University Ümraniye Training and Research Hospital, Department of Pediatric Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ayşegül Özel
- Health Sciences University Ümraniye Training and Research Hospital, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics Ümraniye Istanbul, Turkey
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AlQarni AM, Alghamdi AA, Aljubran HJ, Bamalan OA, Abuzaid AH, AlYahya MA, AlAwami AM, Al Shubbar MD, Al Yousif GF. Exploring the Impact of Iron Deficiency Anaemia on Glycated Haemoglobin A1c Levels in Pregnant and Non-Pregnant Women: A Systematic Review. Int J Womens Health 2024; 16:797-809. [PMID: 38765207 PMCID: PMC11100956 DOI: 10.2147/ijwh.s462163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Haemoglobin A1C (HbA1c) is fundamental in monitoring glycaemic control during pregnancy. However, several conditions could affect this test's accuracy, including iron deficiency anaemia (IDA). Hence, this systematic review delves into the underexplored connection between IDA, iron replacement therapy (IRT), and haemoglobin A1C (HbA1c) during pregnancy. An electronic search of the Cochrane, MEDLINE, and Embase databases was conducted by six authors. From a comprehensive search strategy, 968 records were obtained. After applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, seven studies were included, comprising 365 women selected for analysis. Six studies indicated a positive correlation between IDA and HbA1c levels, while one found no correlation. The average HbA1c level of the included studies in pregnant women was 5.64%. In comparison, it was found that non-pregnant women had lower HbA1c levels. Among the included studies, the mean HbA1c levels decreased from 5.1% to 4.89% after treating pregnant women with IRT. The review emphasises the complexity of interpreting HbA1c levels in pregnant women with IDA, highlighting the influence of pregnancy-induced physiological changes. In addition, this suggests that HbA1c should not be the sole criterion for diabetes management in pregnant women with IDA. Future research should focus on alternative glycaemic monitoring methods unaffected by IDA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amani M AlQarni
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amal A Alghamdi
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hussain J Aljubran
- College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Omar A Bamalan
- College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah H Abuzaid
- College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed A AlYahya
- College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed M AlAwami
- College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Ghada F Al Yousif
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
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Gete DG, Doust J, Mortlock S, Montgomery G, Mishra GD. Risk of Iron Deficiency in Women With Endometriosis: A Population-Based Prospective Cohort Study. Womens Health Issues 2024; 34:317-324. [PMID: 38658289 DOI: 10.1016/j.whi.2024.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Endometriosis may be linked to the risk of iron deficiency through chronic systemic inflammation or heavy menstrual bleeding. No longitudinal studies, however, have examined the relationship between endometriosis and the risk of iron deficiency. METHODS This study included 3,294 participants born from 1973 to 1978 and followed as part of the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women's Health from 2000 to 2018. Participants with endometriosis were identified using self-reported longitudinal surveys linked to administrative health records. During each survey, participants were also asked to report the diagnosis of iron deficiency, and we validated diagnoses using an administrative health database. Generalized estimating equations for binary responses with an autoregressive correlation matrix were used to examine the association between endometriosis and the risk of iron deficiency over the seven time points. FINDINGS We found that women with endometriosis had a significantly higher risk of iron deficiency than those without endometriosis after adjusting for sociodemographic, lifestyle, reproductive, and nutrition factors (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 1.46; 95% confidence interval [CI] [1.29, 1.66]; p < .0001). Women with a surgically confirmed diagnosis and those with clinically suspected endometriosis had a higher risk of iron deficiency (aOR = 1.38; 95% CI [1.17, 1.64] and aOR = 1.53; 95% CI [1.30, 1.81]), respectively. These associations, however, were slightly attenuated (by 8%) when adjusted for the presence of heavy menstrual bleeding. CONCLUSIONS Women with endometriosis are at a higher risk of developing iron deficiency than those without endometriosis. The findings suggest that iron deficiency should be concomitantly addressed during initial diagnosis and successive management of endometriosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dereje G Gete
- Australian Women and Girls' Health Research Centre, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
| | - Jenny Doust
- Australian Women and Girls' Health Research Centre, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Sally Mortlock
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Grant Montgomery
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Gita D Mishra
- Australian Women and Girls' Health Research Centre, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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Jeong YK, Kim JH, Lee SH, Bang M, Chang GT. Safety and efficacy of East Asian herbal medicine for iron deficiency anemia in children and adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1339486. [PMID: 38655186 PMCID: PMC11036862 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1339486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Background This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of East Asian herbal medicine (HM) for iron deficiency anemia (IDA) in children and adolescents. Methods Twelve electronic databases were searched in 28 May 2023 for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating the efficacy of HM in children with IDA. The primary outcome measures for treatment included blood hemoglobin and serum ferritin levels, whereas the secondary outcomes included the total effective rate (TER), incidence of adverse events (AEs), average healing time, and hematologic indicators related to IDA. Meta-analysis was performed using Review Manager 5.4 and R studio 4.3 software, and subgroup analyses were performed according to the different groups (type of intervention and duration of treatment). The effect size measures used were the risk ratio, mean difference, and standardized mean difference with 95% confidence intervals. The risk of bias was assessed using a revised Cochrane risk of bias tool for randomized trials, and the quality of evidence was assessed using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation tools. Results The meta-analysis included 28 studies. Five studies compared the efficacy of HM alone with that of oral iron alone, whereas 23 compared the efficacy of a combination of HM and oral iron with that of oral iron alone. The meta-analysis revealed that the HM treatment group showed significant improvements in all outcome measures compared to those observed in the oral iron group. Moreover, HM significantly reduced the incidence of gastrointestinal AE, compared to that associated with oral iron. Among the 28 studies, the most commonly used HM prescription was Xingpi Yanger Granules, and the most commonly used botanical drug was Astragali Radix, followed by Atractylodis Rhizoma Alba and Angelicae Sinensis Radix. Conclusion This meta-analysis identified evidence of the efficacy and safety of HM in children with IDA. Compared to conventional oral iron therapy, HM improved IDA-related blood markers and TER, with fewer AEs and shorter mean healing times. However, further well-designed, large-scale clinical trials are necessary to strengthen the evidence of the efficacy and safety of botanical drugs. Systematic Review Registration PROSPERO 2022 CRD42022334670. (https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42022334670).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoon Kyoung Jeong
- Department of Korean Pediatrics, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Hyun Kim
- Jeongseon Public Health Center, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Haeng Lee
- Department of Korean Pediatrics, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Miran Bang
- Department of Korean Pediatrics, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyu Tae Chang
- Department of Korean Pediatrics, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Muñoz MPS, Ramirez ZPB, Rodriguez ELM, Blandón JDR, Aguiñaga SA, Orozco CAO, Yáñez ARE. Transferrin Saturation, Serum Ferritin, and C-Reactive Protein vs. Serum Ferritin for an optimal Iron Deficiency Diagnosis in Candidates for Bariatric Surgery. Obes Surg 2024; 34:1174-1184. [PMID: 38367125 DOI: 10.1007/s11695-024-07081-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Iron has different physiological processes and is regulated by hepcidin that is also an acute phase reactant, which increases with inflammation. Obesity produces a pro-inflammatory state, affecting directly the normal regulation of iron, causing ferritin (FER) deficiency. FER is used as the only indicator of the status of iron in patients with obesity, so the majority of them would be underdiagnosed, leading to a high prevalence of iron deficiency (ID) and anemia. The aim of this study is to evaluate the diagnostic tests: transferrin saturation (TS), FER, and C-reactive protein (CRP) vs. FER with the objective of analyzing the most accurate variable for the diagnosis of ID. MATERIALS AND METHODS We present a cross-sectional, analytical, and retrospective study, evaluating the diagnostic tests in 96 patients, to whom two methods were applied for the diagnosis of ID: method 1 (FER < 30 ng/mL) and method 2 divided into 2A (FER < 30 ng/mL), 2B (FER 30-100 ng/mL + CRP ≥ 5 mg/L), 2C (FER 100-300 ng/mL + CRP ≥ 5 mg/L + TS < 20%), and 2D (TS < 20%). RESULTS The prevalence of ID obtained using method 1 was 30.2% while 69.8% presented ID using total method 2, confirming an underdiagnosis of 39.6%. CONCLUSION The inflammatory state in patients with obesity must be considered in the diagnosis of ID. The use of TS, FER, and CRP has greater validity than the use of serum FER for the diagnosis of ID in patients with obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Patricia Sánchez Muñoz
- Bariatric and Metabolic Surgery Clinic, The Civil Hospital of Guadalajara "Dr Juan I. Menchaca", Salvador Quevedo and Zubieta 750, Eastern Independence, C.P: 44340, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Zuleyma P Bello Ramirez
- Bariatric and Metabolic Surgery Clinic, The Civil Hospital of Guadalajara "Dr Juan I. Menchaca", Salvador Quevedo and Zubieta 750, Eastern Independence, C.P: 44340, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico.
| | - Eduardo L Martínez Rodriguez
- Bariatric and Metabolic Surgery Clinic, The Civil Hospital of Guadalajara "Dr Juan I. Menchaca", Salvador Quevedo and Zubieta 750, Eastern Independence, C.P: 44340, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - José D Reyes Blandón
- Bariatric and Metabolic Surgery Clinic, The Civil Hospital of Guadalajara "Dr Juan I. Menchaca", Salvador Quevedo and Zubieta 750, Eastern Independence, C.P: 44340, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Soledad Aldana Aguiñaga
- Bariatric and Metabolic Surgery Clinic, The Civil Hospital of Guadalajara "Dr Juan I. Menchaca", Salvador Quevedo and Zubieta 750, Eastern Independence, C.P: 44340, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - César A Ortiz Orozco
- General Surgery Department, The Civil Hospital of Guadalajara "Dr Juan I. Menchaca", Salvador Quevedo and Zubieta 750, Eastern Independence, C.P: 44340, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Allison R Esparza Yáñez
- University Center for Biological and Agricultural Sciences, University of Guadalajara, Ramón Padilla Sanchez 2100, The Needles, C.P: 44600, Zapopan, Jalisco, Mexico
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Payán-Pernía S, Pérez-Simón JA, García-Erce JA. Comment on: Intravenous iron for critically ill children. Comparison of three dose regimens. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2024; 71:e30857. [PMID: 38251819 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.30857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Salvador Payán-Pernía
- Hematology Department, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS)-CSIC, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | - José Antonio Pérez-Simón
- Hematology Department, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS)-CSIC, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
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Krupnik L, Avaro J, Liebi M, Anaraki NI, Kohlbrecher J, Sologubenko A, Handschin S, Rzepiela AJ, Appel C, Totu T, Blanchet CE, Alston AEB, Digigow R, Philipp E, Flühmann B, Silva BFB, Neels A, Wick P. Iron-carbohydrate complexes treating iron anaemia: Understanding the nano-structure and interactions with proteins through orthogonal characterisation. J Control Release 2024; 368:566-579. [PMID: 38438093 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2024.02.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
Intravenous (IV) iron-carbohydrate complexes are widely used nanoparticles (NPs) to treat iron deficiency anaemia, often associated with medical conditions such as chronic kidney disease, heart failure and various inflammatory conditions. Even though a plethora of physicochemical characterisation data and clinical studies are available for these products, evidence-based correlation between physicochemical properties of iron-carbohydrate complexes and clinical outcome has not fully been elucidated yet. Studies on other metal oxide NPs suggest that early interactions between NPs and blood upon IV injection are key to understanding how differences in physicochemical characteristics of iron-carbohydrate complexes cause variance in clinical outcomes. We therefore investigated the core-ligand structure of two clinically relevant iron-carbohydrate complexes, iron sucrose (IS) and ferric carboxymaltose (FCM), and their interactions with two structurally different human plasma proteins, human serum albumin (HSA) and fibrinogen, using a combination of cryo-scanning transmission electron microscopy (cryo-STEM), x-ray diffraction (XRD), small-angle x-ray scattering (SAXS) and small-angle neutron scattering (SANS). Using this orthogonal approach, we defined the nano-structure, individual building blocks and surface morphology for IS and FCM. Importantly, we revealed significant differences in the surface morphology of the iron-carbohydrate complexes. FCM shows a localised carbohydrate shell around its core, in contrast to IS, which is characterised by a diffuse and dynamic layer of carbohydrate ligand surrounding its core. We hypothesised that such differences in carbohydrate morphology determine the interaction between iron-carbohydrate complexes and proteins and therefore investigated the NPs in the presence of HSA and fibrinogen. Intriguingly, IS showed significant interaction with HSA and fibrinogen, forming NP-protein clusters, while FCM only showed significant interaction with fibrinogen. We postulate that these differences could influence bio-response of the two formulations and their clinical outcome. In conclusion, our study provides orthogonal characterisation of two clinically relevant iron-carbohydrate complexes and first hints at their interaction behaviour with proteins in the human bloodstream, setting a prerequisite towards complete understanding of the correlation between physicochemical properties and clinical outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonard Krupnik
- Center for X-ray Analytics, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, St. Gallen 9014, Switzerland; Particles-Biology Interactions Laboratory, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland; Department of Chemistry, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 9, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Jonathan Avaro
- Center for X-ray Analytics, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, St. Gallen 9014, Switzerland
| | - Marianne Liebi
- Photon Science Division, PSI Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen CH-5232, Switzerland; Institute of Materials, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Neda Iranpour Anaraki
- Center for X-ray Analytics, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, St. Gallen 9014, Switzerland; Particles-Biology Interactions Laboratory, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland; Department of Chemistry, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 9, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Joachim Kohlbrecher
- Laboratory for Neutron Scattering, PSI Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen CH-5232, Switzerland
| | - Alla Sologubenko
- Scientific Center for Optical and Electron Microscopy, ScopeM, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Stephan Handschin
- Scientific Center for Optical and Electron Microscopy, ScopeM, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Andrzej J Rzepiela
- Scientific Center for Optical and Electron Microscopy, ScopeM, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Christian Appel
- Photon Science Division, PSI Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen CH-5232, Switzerland
| | - Tiberiu Totu
- Particles-Biology Interactions Laboratory, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland; ETH Zurich, Department of Health Sciences and Technology (D-HEST), CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland; SIB, Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Clement E Blanchet
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Hamburg Outstation, Notkestrasse 85, Hamburg 22603, Germany
| | | | | | - Erik Philipp
- CSL Vifor, Flughofstrasse 61, CH-8152 Glattbrugg, Switzerland
| | - Beat Flühmann
- CSL Vifor, Flughofstrasse 61, CH-8152 Glattbrugg, Switzerland
| | - Bruno F B Silva
- Center for X-ray Analytics, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, St. Gallen 9014, Switzerland
| | - Antonia Neels
- Center for X-ray Analytics, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, St. Gallen 9014, Switzerland; Department of Chemistry, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 9, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland.
| | - Peter Wick
- Particles-Biology Interactions Laboratory, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland.
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da Silva RL, Benites BD, Leite F, Soriano S, Alves SDOC, Rizzo SRCP, Rabello G, Junior DML. Consensus of the Brazilian association of hematology, hemotherapy and cellular therapy on patient blood management: Preoperative Clinical and Laboratory Assessment of the Patient. Hematol Transfus Cell Ther 2024; 46 Suppl 1:S12-S16. [PMID: 38521627 PMCID: PMC11069059 DOI: 10.1016/j.htct.2024.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The preoperative clinical and laboratory evaluations of the patient is an essential step to ensure the safety and success of any surgical procedure. This assessment aims to identify any underlying medical conditions and risk factors and determine suitability for surgery. With this step, the medical team can adapt the care plan to meet each patient's specific needs, increasing the chances of a successful procedure. Good clinical assessment and comprehensive laboratory testing, when integrated into a Patient Blood Management approach, are invaluable in promoting safety of care, reducing transfusion risks, improving surgical outcomes, and optimizing resource utilization. This approach not only elevates the quality of care, but is also aligned with evidence-based practice and patient-centered principles, making it an essential component of the perioperative process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Luiz da Silva
- Instituto Brasileiro de Controle do Câncer (IBCC), São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Hospital São Camilo Pompéia, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Bruno Deltreggia Benites
- Centro de Hematologia e Hemoterapia da Universidade Estadual de Campinas(Hemocentro UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Flavia Leite
- Hemocentro de Ribeirão Preto, Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto da Universidade de São Paulo (HCFMRP-USP), Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Selma Soriano
- Fundação HEMOPA Hemocentro Coordenador do Estado do Pará, Belém, PA, Brazil
| | | | | | - Guilherme Rabello
- Instituto do Coração do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (Incor - HCFMUSP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
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Benites BD, Leite F, Soriano S, da Silva RL, Alves SDOC, Rizzo SRCP, Rabello G, Junior DML. Consensus of the Brazilian association of hematology, hemotherapy and cellular therapy on patient blood management: Preoperative Phase - Preoperative management of the patient's anemia. Hematol Transfus Cell Ther 2024; 46 Suppl 1:S17-S23. [PMID: 38523044 PMCID: PMC11069056 DOI: 10.1016/j.htct.2024.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Managing anemia before surgery is extremely important as it is a clinical condition that can significantly increase surgical risk and affect patient outcomes. Anemia is characterized by a reduction in the number of red blood cells or hemoglobin levels leading to a lower oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood. Proper treatment requires a multifaceted approach to ensure patients are in the best possible condition for surgery and to minimize potential complications. The challenge is recognizing anemia early and implementing a timely intervention to correct it. Anemic patients are more susceptible to surgical complications such as increased infection rates, slower wound healing and increased risk of cardiovascular events during and after surgery. Additionally, anemia can exacerbate existing medical conditions, causing greater strain on organs and organ systems. To correct anemia and optimize patient outcomes, several essential measures must be taken with the most common being identifying and correcting iron deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Deltreggia Benites
- Centro de Hematologia e Hemoterapia da Universidade Estadual de Campinas Hemocentro UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Flavia Leite
- Hemocentro de Ribeirão Preto, Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto da Universidade de São Paulo (HCFMRP-USP), Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Selma Soriano
- Hemocentro Coordenador do Estado do Pará (Fundação HEMOPA), Belém, PA, Brazil
| | - Roberto Luiz da Silva
- Instituto Brasileiro de Controle do Câncer (IBCC), São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Hospital São Camilo Pompéia, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | - Guilherme Rabello
- Instituto do Coração do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (Incor - HCFMUSP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
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Liao F, Yang W, Long L, Yu R, Qu H, Peng Y, Lu J, Ren C, Wang Y, Fu C. Elucidating Iron Metabolism through Molecular Imaging. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2024; 46:2798-2818. [PMID: 38666905 PMCID: PMC11049567 DOI: 10.3390/cimb46040175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Iron is essential for many physiological processes, and the dysregulation of its metabolism is implicated in the pathogenesis of various diseases. Recent advances in iron metabolism research have revealed multiple complex pathways critical for maintaining iron homeostasis. Molecular imaging, an interdisciplinary imaging technique, has shown considerable promise in advancing research on iron metabolism. Here, we comprehensively review the multifaceted roles of iron at the cellular and systemic levels (along with the complex regulatory mechanisms of iron metabolism), elucidate appropriate imaging methods, and summarize their utility and fundamental principles in diagnosing and treating diseases related to iron metabolism. Utilizing molecular imaging technology to deeply understand the complexities of iron metabolism and its critical role in physiological and pathological processes offers new possibilities for early disease diagnosis, treatment monitoring, and the development of novel therapies. Despite technological limitations and the need to ensure the biological relevance and clinical applicability of imaging results, molecular imaging technology's potential to reveal the iron metabolic process is unparalleled, providing new insights into the link between iron metabolism abnormalities and various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feifei Liao
- Beijing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100105, China; (F.L.); (R.Y.); (Y.P.); (J.L.); (C.R.)
- Graduate School, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100091, China; (W.Y.); (L.L.); (H.Q.)
| | - Wenwen Yang
- Graduate School, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100091, China; (W.Y.); (L.L.); (H.Q.)
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, The State Key Laboratory of Management and Control for Complex Systems, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Linzi Long
- Graduate School, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100091, China; (W.Y.); (L.L.); (H.Q.)
| | - Ruotong Yu
- Beijing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100105, China; (F.L.); (R.Y.); (Y.P.); (J.L.); (C.R.)
- Graduate School, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100091, China; (W.Y.); (L.L.); (H.Q.)
| | - Hua Qu
- Graduate School, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100091, China; (W.Y.); (L.L.); (H.Q.)
| | - Yuxuan Peng
- Beijing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100105, China; (F.L.); (R.Y.); (Y.P.); (J.L.); (C.R.)
- Graduate School, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100091, China; (W.Y.); (L.L.); (H.Q.)
| | - Jieming Lu
- Beijing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100105, China; (F.L.); (R.Y.); (Y.P.); (J.L.); (C.R.)
- Graduate School, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100091, China; (W.Y.); (L.L.); (H.Q.)
| | - Chenghuan Ren
- Beijing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100105, China; (F.L.); (R.Y.); (Y.P.); (J.L.); (C.R.)
- Graduate School, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100091, China; (W.Y.); (L.L.); (H.Q.)
| | - Yueqi Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, The State Key Laboratory of Management and Control for Complex Systems, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Changgeng Fu
- Graduate School, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100091, China; (W.Y.); (L.L.); (H.Q.)
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Gai S, Liu B, Lan Y, Han L, Hu Y, Dongye G, Cheng K, Liu Z, Yang F. Artificial humic acid coated ferrihydrite strengthens the adsorption of phosphate and increases soil phosphate retention. Sci Total Environ 2024; 915:169870. [PMID: 38218478 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.169870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 01/01/2024] [Accepted: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
Phosphorus (P) leaching loss from farmland soils is one of the main causes of water eutrophication. Thus, effective methods must be developed to maintain sustainability in agricultural soils. Herein, we design artificial humic acid (A-HA) coated ferrihydrite (Fh) particles for fixing P in soil. The experiments in water and soil are successively conducted to explore the phosphate adsorption mechanism and soil P retention performance of A-HA coated ferrihydrite particles (A-Fh). Compared with unmodified ferrihydrite (Fh), the phosphate adsorption capacity of A-Fh is increased by 15 %, the phosphate adsorption speed and selectivity are also significantly improved. The ligand exchange, electrostatic attraction and hydrogen bonding are the dominant mechanisms of phosphate adsorption by A-Fh. In soil experiments, the addition of 2 % A-Fh increases the soil P retention performance from 0.15 to 0.7 mg/kg, and A-Fh are able to convert more phosphate adsorbed by itself into soil available P to improve soil fertility. Overall, this work highlights the importance of this a highly effective amendment for improving poor soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Gai
- School of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; International Cooperation Joint Laboratory of Health in Cold Region Black Soil Habitat of the Ministry of Education, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Bing Liu
- School of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; International Cooperation Joint Laboratory of Health in Cold Region Black Soil Habitat of the Ministry of Education, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Yibo Lan
- School of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; International Cooperation Joint Laboratory of Health in Cold Region Black Soil Habitat of the Ministry of Education, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Lin Han
- School of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; International Cooperation Joint Laboratory of Health in Cold Region Black Soil Habitat of the Ministry of Education, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Yixiong Hu
- School of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; International Cooperation Joint Laboratory of Health in Cold Region Black Soil Habitat of the Ministry of Education, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Guanghao Dongye
- School of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; International Cooperation Joint Laboratory of Health in Cold Region Black Soil Habitat of the Ministry of Education, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Kui Cheng
- College of Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; International Cooperation Joint Laboratory of Health in Cold Region Black Soil Habitat of the Ministry of Education, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Zhuqing Liu
- School of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; International Cooperation Joint Laboratory of Health in Cold Region Black Soil Habitat of the Ministry of Education, Harbin 150030, China.
| | - Fan Yang
- School of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; International Cooperation Joint Laboratory of Health in Cold Region Black Soil Habitat of the Ministry of Education, Harbin 150030, China.
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Osei Bonsu E, Addo IY, Boadi C, Boadu EF, Okeke SR. Determinants of iron-rich food deficiency among children under 5 years in sub-Saharan Africa: a comprehensive analysis of Demographic and Health Surveys. BMJ Open 2024; 14:e079856. [PMID: 38458798 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-079856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Iron deficiency is a major public health problem that affects the physical and cognitive development of children under 5 years of age (under-5 children) in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). However, the factors associated with the limited consumption of iron-rich foods in the region are poorly understood. OBJECTIVE This study examined the prevalence and determinants of iron-rich food deficiency among under-5 children in 26 SSA countries. DESIGN This nationally representative quantitative study employed pooled data from Demographic and Health Surveys conducted between 2010 and 2019. METHODS Representative samples comprising 296 850 under-5 children from the various countries were used. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression models were used to determine the associations between the lack of iron-rich food uptake and various sociodemographic factors. RESULT The overall prevalence of iron-rich food deficiency among the children in the entire sample was 56.75%. The prevalence of iron-rich food deficiency varied widely across the 26 countries, ranging from 42.76% in Congo Democratic Republic to 77.50% in Guinea. Maternal education, particularly primary education (OR 0.62, 95% CI 0.57 to 0.68) and higher education (OR 0.58, 95% CI 0.52 to 0.64), demonstrated a reduced likelihood of iron-rich food deficiency in the sample. Likewise, paternal education, with both primary education (OR 0.69, 95% CI 0.63 to 0.75) and higher education (OR 0.66, 95% CI 0.60 to 0.73) showed decreased odds of iron-rich food deficiency. Postnatal visits contributed significantly to reducing the odds of iron-rich food deficiency (OR 0.90, 95% CI 0.83 to 0.95), along with antenatal visits, which also had a positive impact (OR 0.84, 95% CI 0.74 to 0.95). Finally, residents in rural areas showed slightly higher odds of iron-rich food deficiency (OR 1.12, 95% CI 1.10 to 1.28). CONCLUSION Based on the findings, interventions targeting iron-food deficiency in the SSA region should take into strong consideration the key determinants highlighted in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Osei Bonsu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | | | - Caleb Boadi
- Department of Operations and Management Information Systems, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana
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Mawouma S, Doudou Walko F, Mbyeya J, Hamidou Yaya S, Awoudamkine E, Funtong CMM. Effect of Allium spices (garlic and onion) on the bioaccessibility of iron from Moringa oleifera leaves. Food Sci Nutr 2024; 12:2115-2121. [PMID: 38455158 PMCID: PMC10916546 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.3913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of garlic and onion, two Allium spices rich in sulfur compounds, on the bioaccessibility of iron from Moringa oleifera leaves. We first quantified anti-nutritional factors in various cooked mixtures of Moringa oleifera leaves and spices, with increasing level of incorporation of garlic or onion. We then assessed the iron bioaccessibility of the various mixtures using a simulated in vitro digestion method. Finally, we studied the speciation of bioaccessible iron. Total phenols contents ranging from 801.44 to 903.07 and from 869.78 to 990.72 mg/100 g of dry matter in garlic and onion mixtures, respectively, increased (p < .05) with the level of incorporation of spices. Phytates contents followed the same tendency with values ranging from 1.84 to 2.12 and from 1.75 to 2.02 mg/100 g of dry matter in garlic and onion mixtures, respectively. Although the presence of garlic and onion significantly reduced (p < .05) the total iron content of the mixtures (11.56-11.96 mg/100 g of dry matter), we noticed that bioaccessible iron was significantly higher (p < .05) in spiced mixtures (36.35%-48.40%) compared to the control (23.28%), with the greatest amount found in the mixture containing 10 g of onion. The predominant specie of bioaccessible iron was organic iron, whose amounts in the spiced mixtures (0.59-0.69 mg/L) were all significantly higher (p < .05) than in the control (0.32 mg/L). Globally, the presence of spices produced no significant variation (p > .05) in amounts of ferrous iron, the major inorganic specie of bioaccessible iron. The use of garlic and onion as ingredients could help improving the iron status of populations consuming iron-rich leafy vegetables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saliou Mawouma
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of ScienceUniversity of MarouaMarouaCameroon
| | - Florence Doudou Walko
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of ScienceUniversity of MarouaMarouaCameroon
| | - Jude Mbyeya
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of ScienceUniversity of MarouaMarouaCameroon
| | - Souaibou Hamidou Yaya
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of ScienceUniversity of MarouaMarouaCameroon
| | - Emmanuel Awoudamkine
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of ScienceUniversity of MarouaMarouaCameroon
| | - Carl Moses Mbofung Funtong
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, National School of Agro‐industrial SciencesUniversity of NgaoundereNgaoundereCameroon
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Aedh AI. Coffee Consumption in Association with Serum Iron Levels: A Cross-sectional Study. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024:10.1007/s12011-024-04112-9. [PMID: 38396066 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-024-04112-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
This study determines the association between adult Saudi Arabian coffee consumption and serum iron levels. The extensive Saudi Arabian population, including both sexes - male and female, participated in this cross-sectional community-based study from 1 October 2020 to 31 June 2022. The participants were selected arbitrarily using the systematic simple random position. The current study enrolled 113 participants with a mean age of 33 years, including 94 (83.2%) females and 19 (16.8%) males. The concentration of iron absorption assessed among 62 individuals who participated in the group of occasional coffee drinkers was higher (54.9%) than the 51 individuals who participated in the group of regular coffee drinkers (45.1%). In daily coffee consumption, paired samples statistics in mean baseline WBC level (103/μl) was 6.396. On day 31 of June 2022, WBC level (103/μl) was 6.114. Paired samples statistics in mean baseline iron level was 44.29. On day 31 of June 2022, iron level was 72.15. The paired samples correlation in baseline and day 31 iron levels was 0.719, with a significant difference of 0.000. It is critical to acquire the most recent information and local statistics on the frequency of low serum iron levels in Saudi Arabia's diverse adult population. The adult population of Saudi Arabia correlates with coffee consumption and changes in serum ferritin or iron levels and WBC counts. Neither the WBC numbers nor the iron levels were significantly altered. Further research is needed to determine the potential mechanisms causing these relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah I Aedh
- Internal Medicine, Najran University, Najran, Saudi Arabia.
- Najran University Hospital, King Abdulaziz Rd, Najran, Saudi Arabia.
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Ding N, Ma YH, Guo P, Wang TK, Liu L, Wang JB, Jin PP. Reticulocyte hemoglobin content associated with the risk of iron deficiency anemia. Heliyon 2024; 10:e25409. [PMID: 38327465 PMCID: PMC10847927 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e25409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Background/Objective Reticulocyte hemoglobin content (MCHr) was recognized as a rapid and reliable marker for investigating iron deficiency (ID). We hypothesized that MCHr was associated with the risk of iron deficiency anemia in adults. Methods This is a dual-center case-control study. A total of 806 patients and healthy individuals were recruited from Ruijin Hospital and Xinhua Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine between January 2021 and December 2021. The participants were categorized into iron deficiency anemia (IDA) group (n = 302), non-IDA group (n = 366), and healthy control group (n = 138). According to the MCHr level, the participants were divided into two groups, i.e. normal MCHr (≥25 pg) and decreased MCHr (<25 pg) group. Multivariate logistic regression analysis and adjusted subgroup analysis were conducted to estimate the relative risk between MCHr and IDA, with confounding factors including age, sex, hemoglobin (Hb), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), Hematocrit (HCT), serum iron (Fe), ferritin (Ferrit), and total iron binding capacity (TIBC). Results Compared with the non-IDA, the MCHr level with IDA decreased significantly. ROC curve analysis showed that MCHr had the largest area under the AUC curve. After comprehensive adjustment for confounding factors, individuals with normal level of MCHr exhibited a decreased risk of IDA (OR = 0.68 [0.60, 0.77], P < 0.01), while the risk of IDA was up to 5 times higher for those with decreased MCHr. Conclusion Our findings supported the hypothesis that MCHr was associated with the risk of IDA in adults and could serve as an indicator of IDA severity. MCHr holds clinical value as an auxiliary diagnostic indicator, providing valuable insights into whether invasive examinations are warranted in the assessment of IDA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Ding
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201801, China
| | - Yan-Hui Ma
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Ping Guo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Tian-Kai Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201801, China
| | - Lin Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201801, China
| | - Jian-Biao Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Pei-Pei Jin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201801, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ruijin-Hainan Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (Hainan Boao Research Hospital), Hainan, 571473, China
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Sun B, Tan B, Zhang P, Zhu L, Wei H, Huang T, Li C, Yang W. Iron deficiency anemia: a critical review on iron absorption, supplementation and its influence on gut microbiota. Food Funct 2024; 15:1144-1157. [PMID: 38235788 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo04644c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) caused by micronutrient iron deficiency has attracted global attention due to its adverse health effects. The regulation of iron uptake and metabolism is finely controlled by various transporters and hormones in the body. Dietary iron intake and regulation are essential in maintaining human health and iron requirements. The review aims to investigate literature concerning dietary iron intake and systemic regulation. Besides, recent IDA treatment and dietary iron supplementation are discussed. Considering the importance of the gut microbiome, the interaction between bacteria and micronutrient iron in the gut is also a focus of this review. The iron absorption efficiency varies considerably according to iron type and dietary factors. Iron fortification remains the cost-effective strategy, although challenges exist in developing suitable iron fortificants and food vehicles regarding bioavailability and acceptability. Iron deficiency may alter the microbiome structure and promote the growth of pathogenic bacteria in the gut, affecting immune balance and human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bolun Sun
- College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Protein Food Deep Processing Technology of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China.
- School of Nursing, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Beibei Tan
- School of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Science, University of Melbourne, Australia
| | - Panxue Zhang
- College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Protein Food Deep Processing Technology of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China.
| | - Lianlian Zhu
- School of Nursing, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Huamao Wei
- College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Protein Food Deep Processing Technology of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China.
| | - Tao Huang
- College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Protein Food Deep Processing Technology of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China.
| | - Chao Li
- College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Protein Food Deep Processing Technology of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China.
| | - Wenge Yang
- College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Protein Food Deep Processing Technology of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China.
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Soriano-Lerma A, García-Burgos M, Barton W, M Alférez MJ, Crespo-Pérez JV, Soriano M, López-Aliaga I, Cotter PD, García-Salcedo JA. Comprehensive insight into the alterations in the gut microbiome and the intestinal barrier as a consequence of iron deficiency anaemia. Biomed J 2024:100701. [PMID: 38281699 DOI: 10.1016/j.bj.2024.100701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Iron deficiency is the top leading cause of anaemia, whose treatment has been shown to deteriorate gut health. However, a comprehensive analysis of the intestinal barrier and the gut microbiome during IDA have not been performed to date. This study aims to delve further into the analysis of these two aspects, which will mean a step forward minimising the negative impact of iron supplements on intestinal health. METHODS IDA was experimentally induced in an animal model. Shotgun sequencing was used to analyse the gut microbiome in the colonic region, while the intestinal barrier was studied through histological analyses, mRNA sequencing (RNA-Seq), qPCR and immunofluorescence. Determinations of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and bacteria-specific immunoglobulins were performed to assess microbial translocation. RESULTS Microbial metabolism in the colon shifted towards an increased production of certain amino acids, short chain fatty acids and nucleotides, with Clostridium species being enriched during IDA. Structural alterations of the colonic epithelium were shown by histological analysis. RNA-Seq revealed a downregulation of extracellular matrix-associated genes and proteins and an overall underdeveloped epithelium. Increased levels of serum LPS and an increased immune response against dysbiotic bacteria support an impairment in the integrity of the gut barrier during IDA. CONCLUSIONS IDA negatively impacts the gut microbiome and the intestinal barrier, triggering an increased microbial translocation. This study emphasizes the deterioration of gut health during IDA and the fact that it should be addressed when treating the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Soriano-Lerma
- Department of Physiology (Faculty of Pharmacy, Campus Universitario de Cartuja), Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix Verdú", University of Granada, E-18071, Granada, Spain; GENYO. Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research: Pfizer / University of Granada / Andalusian Regional Government, PTS Granada, E-18016, Granada, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, E-18012, Granada, Spain
| | - María García-Burgos
- Department of Physiology (Faculty of Pharmacy, Campus Universitario de Cartuja), Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix Verdú", University of Granada, E-18071, Granada, Spain; GENYO. Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research: Pfizer / University of Granada / Andalusian Regional Government, PTS Granada, E-18016, Granada, Spain
| | - Wiley Barton
- VistaMilk, Ireland; Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, P61 C996, Fermoy, Cork, Ireland
| | - María José M Alférez
- Department of Physiology (Faculty of Pharmacy, Campus Universitario de Cartuja), Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix Verdú", University of Granada, E-18071, Granada, Spain
| | - Jorge Valentín Crespo-Pérez
- Service of Anatomical pathology, Intercenter Regional Unit Granada, University Hospital Virgen de las Nieves, E-18014, Granada, Spain
| | - Miguel Soriano
- Center for Intensive Mediterranean Agrosystems and Agri-food Biotechnology (CIAIMBITAL), University of Almeria, E-04001, Almería, Spain.
| | - Inmaculada López-Aliaga
- Department of Physiology (Faculty of Pharmacy, Campus Universitario de Cartuja), Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix Verdú", University of Granada, E-18071, Granada, Spain.
| | - Paul D Cotter
- VistaMilk, Ireland; Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, P61 C996, Fermoy, Cork, Ireland; APC Microbiome Ireland, Cork, Ireland
| | - José A García-Salcedo
- GENYO. Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research: Pfizer / University of Granada / Andalusian Regional Government, PTS Granada, E-18016, Granada, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, E-18012, Granada, Spain; Microbiology Unit, University Hospital Virgen de las Nieves, E-18014, Granada, Spain
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Obeagu EI, Obeagu GU, Ukibe NR, Oyebadejo SA. Anemia, iron, and HIV: decoding the interconnected pathways: A review. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e36937. [PMID: 38215133 PMCID: PMC10783375 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000036937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2024] Open
Abstract
This review delves into the intricate relationship between anemia, iron metabolism, and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), aiming to unravel the interconnected pathways that contribute to the complex interplay between these 3 entities. A systematic exploration of relevant literature was conducted, encompassing studies examining the association between anemia, iron status, and HIV infection. Both clinical and preclinical investigations were analyzed to elucidate the underlying mechanisms linking these components. Chronic inflammation, a hallmark of HIV infection, disrupts iron homeostasis, impacting erythropoiesis and contributing to anemia. Direct viral effects on bone marrow function further compound red blood cell deficiencies. Antiretroviral therapy, while essential for managing HIV, introduces potential complications, including medication-induced anemia. Dysregulation of iron levels in different tissues adds complexity to the intricate network of interactions. Effective management of anemia in HIV necessitates a multifaceted approach. Optimization of antiretroviral therapy, treatment of opportunistic infections, and targeted nutritional interventions, including iron supplementation, are integral components. However, challenges persist in understanding the specific molecular mechanisms governing these interconnected pathways. Decoding the interconnected pathways of anemia, iron metabolism, and HIV is imperative for enhancing the holistic care of individuals with HIV/AIDS. A nuanced understanding of these relationships will inform the development of more precise interventions, optimizing the management of anemia in this population. Future research endeavors should focus on elucidating the intricate molecular mechanisms, paving the way for innovative therapeutic strategies in the context of HIV-associated anemia.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Nkiruka Rose Ukibe
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Nnewi, Anambra State, Nigeria
| | - Samson Adewale Oyebadejo
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Fundamental Applied Sciences, Institut d’ Enseignement Superiuor de Ruhengeri (INES-RUHENGERI), Musanze District, Northern Region, Rwanda
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Butragueño-Laiseca L, de la Mata Navazo S, Sánchez Galindo AC, Santiago Lozano MJ. Intravenous iron for critically ill children. Comparison of three dose regimens. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2024; 71:e30734. [PMID: 37880937 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.30734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Revised: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anemia is extremely common among patients admitted to pediatric intensive care. Alternative treatments to transfusions such as intravenous iron must be considered. There are no published data for a prospective intravenous (IV) iron study focused in the critically ill children. The objective is to examine the safety and efficacy of intravenous iron sucrose infusion to manage anemia in pediatric critical care. A secondary objective is to examine the effect of different dose regimens of iron sucrose (3, 5, and 7 mg/kg dose). PROCEDURE Prospective investigation of intravenous iron sucrose utilization at a tertiary pediatric intensive care unit between October 2017 and November 2022. RESULTS In all 115 patients received a total of 616 infusions of IV iron. Transferrin saturation index (TSI) was the most common altered iron deficiency biomarker (91.8%). After IV iron treatment, hemoglobin showed a significant increase within a 30-day follow-up (9.2 vs. 11.6 g/dL, p < .001). There was also a significant improvement in TSI and serum iron (p < .001). Iron deficit replacement was higher in the 7 mg/kg dose group (94%) compared to 85.9% in the 5 mg/kg regimen and 77.5% in the lower dose group (p = .008), requiring less doses and a shorter time. Very few mild adverse reactions were reported (1.3% of infusions), with no differences between groups. The most frequent adverse effect was gastrointestinal in three cases. There were no anaphylaxis-like or other serious/life-threatening adverse effects. CONCLUSIONS This is the first study to evaluate intravenous iron therapy in pediatric critical care, providing preliminary evidence of safety and efficacy of IV iron sucrose. The 7 mg/kg dose regimen showed higher iron deficit replacement in a shorter time, which could be beneficial in critically ill children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Butragueño-Laiseca
- Pediatric Intensive Care Department, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
- Gregorio Marañón Health Research Institute (IISGM), Madrid, Spain
- Pediatrics Department, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Primary Care Interventions to Prevent Maternal and Child Chronic Diseases of Perinatal and Development Origin Network (RICORS), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sara de la Mata Navazo
- Pediatric Intensive Care Department, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
- Gregorio Marañón Health Research Institute (IISGM), Madrid, Spain
- Pediatrics Department, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Primary Care Interventions to Prevent Maternal and Child Chronic Diseases of Perinatal and Development Origin Network (RICORS), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Amelia Caridad Sánchez Galindo
- Pediatric Intensive Care Department, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
- Gregorio Marañón Health Research Institute (IISGM), Madrid, Spain
- Pediatrics Department, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Primary Care Interventions to Prevent Maternal and Child Chronic Diseases of Perinatal and Development Origin Network (RICORS), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - María José Santiago Lozano
- Pediatric Intensive Care Department, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
- Gregorio Marañón Health Research Institute (IISGM), Madrid, Spain
- Pediatrics Department, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Primary Care Interventions to Prevent Maternal and Child Chronic Diseases of Perinatal and Development Origin Network (RICORS), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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20
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Aalikhani M, Taheri E, Khalili M. Vanillin serves as a potential substitute for chemical chelator desferal in iron-overloaded mice. Eur J Pharmacol 2023; 960:176153. [PMID: 38059446 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.176153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Iron toxicity occurs under iron-overloaded settings, such as a high iron diet and blood transfusion, and damages important organs. Vanillin has been proven to have potential iron chelation capability. Given the negative effects of commonly used iron chelators like deferoxamine (DFO), we sought to examine the iron chelation potency of vanillin and evaluate its potential effect in the treatment of iron overload-related disorders. METHODS 42 male NMRI mice were prepared for this purpose, and except for the negative control group, iron overload conditions were generated in them by injecting iron. Then normal saline (as a control), vanillin, and DFO (n = 7) were subsequently given to iron-overloaded mice. In the following, the activity of antioxidant enzymes catalase and superoxide dismutase were measured in the blood serum, brain, kidney, spleen, lung, and liver tissues of mice. Furthermore, the level of lipid peroxidation was determined by measuring the amount of malondialdehyde. Also, Perl's and H&E staining were used to examine the physiopathology changes of tissues. FINDINGS Vanillin, a natural antioxidant compound, outperformed deferoxamine, a chemical iron chelator. Along with a decrease in iron content, the activity of catalase and superoxide dismutase enhanced in the iron-overloaded groups that were treated with vanillin. The level of lipid peroxidation was also declined in the iron-overloaded mice receiving vanillin. CONCLUSION Vanillin can be used as a suitable substitute for chemical chelators with fewer side effects and equivalent efficiency. We encourage the use of this compound as a natural iron chelator following performing additional safety and efficacy studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdi Aalikhani
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Ensie Taheri
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Khalili
- Infectious Diseases Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran; Neuroscience Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran.
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21
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Kardasis W, Naquin ER, Garg R, Arun T, Gopianand JS, Karmakar E, Gnana-Prakasam JP. The IRONy in Athletic Performance. Nutrients 2023; 15:4945. [PMID: 38068803 PMCID: PMC10708480 DOI: 10.3390/nu15234945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Iron is an essential micronutrient for athletes, intricately linked to their performance, by regulating cellular respiration and metabolism. Impaired iron levels in the body can significantly hinder athletic performance. The increased demand for iron due to exercise, coupled with potential dietary iron insufficiencies, particularly among endurance athletes, amplifies the risk of iron deficiency. Moreover, prolonged exercise can impact iron absorption, utilization, storage, and overall iron concentrations in an athlete. On the contrary, iron overload may initially lead to enhanced performance; however, chronic excess iron intake or underlying genetic conditions can lead to detrimental health consequences and may negatively impact athletic performance. Excess iron induces oxidative damage, not only compromising muscle function and recovery, but also affecting various tissues and organs in the body. This narrative review delineates the complex relationship between exercise and iron metabolism, and its profound effects on athletic performance. The article also provides guidance on managing iron intake through dietary adjustments, oral iron supplementation for performance enhancement in cases of deficiency, and strategies for addressing iron overload in athletes. Current research is focused on augmenting iron absorption by standardizing the route of administration while minimizing side effects. Additionally, there is ongoing work to identify inhibitors and activators that affect iron absorption, aiming to optimize the body's iron levels from dietary sources, supplements, and chelators. In summary, by refining the athletic diet, considering the timing and dosage of iron supplements for deficiency, and implementing chelation therapies for iron overload, we can effectively enhance athletic performance and overall well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Eshani Karmakar
- School of Medicine, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO 63104, USA; (W.K.); (E.R.N.); (R.G.); (T.A.); (J.S.G.)
| | - Jaya P. Gnana-Prakasam
- School of Medicine, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO 63104, USA; (W.K.); (E.R.N.); (R.G.); (T.A.); (J.S.G.)
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Fonseca Ó, Ramos AS, Gomes LTS, Gomes MS, Moreira AC. New Perspectives on Circulating Ferritin: Its Role in Health and Disease. Molecules 2023; 28:7707. [PMID: 38067440 PMCID: PMC10708148 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28237707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The diagnosis of iron disturbances usually includes the evaluation of serum parameters. Serum iron is assumed to be entirely bound to transferrin, and transferrin saturation-the ratio between the serum iron concentration and serum transferrin-usually reflects iron availability. Additionally, serum ferritin is commonly used as a surrogate of tissue iron levels. Low serum ferritin values are interpreted as a sign of iron deficiency, and high values are the main indicator of pathological iron overload. However, in situations of inflammation, serum ferritin levels may be very high, independently of tissue iron levels. This presents a particularly puzzling challenge for the clinician evaluating the overall iron status of the patient in the presence of an inflammatory condition. The increase in serum ferritin during inflammation is one of the enigmas regarding iron metabolism. Neither the origin, the mechanism of release, nor the effects of serum ferritin are known. The use of serum ferritin as a biomarker of disease has been rising, and it has become increasingly diverse, but whether or not it contributes to controlling the disease or host pathology, and how it would do it, are important, open questions. These will be discussed here, where we spotlight circulating ferritin and revise the recent clinical and preclinical data regarding its role in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Óscar Fonseca
- i3S—Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (Ó.F.); (A.S.R.); (L.T.S.G.); (M.S.G.)
| | - Ana S. Ramos
- i3S—Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (Ó.F.); (A.S.R.); (L.T.S.G.); (M.S.G.)
- FCUP—Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
- ICBAS—Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Leonor T. S. Gomes
- i3S—Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (Ó.F.); (A.S.R.); (L.T.S.G.); (M.S.G.)
- FCUP—Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
- ICBAS—Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Maria Salomé Gomes
- i3S—Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (Ó.F.); (A.S.R.); (L.T.S.G.); (M.S.G.)
- ICBAS—Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana C. Moreira
- i3S—Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (Ó.F.); (A.S.R.); (L.T.S.G.); (M.S.G.)
- ICBAS—Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- IBMC—Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
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Richard ES, Hrycyshyn A, Salman N, Remtulla Tharani A, Abbruzzino A, Smith J, Kachura JJ, Sholzberg M, Mosko JD, Chadi SA, Burkes RL, Pankiw M, Brezden-Masley C. Iron Surveillance and Management in Gastro-Intestinal Oncology Patients: A National Physician Survey. Curr Oncol 2023; 30:9836-9848. [PMID: 37999134 PMCID: PMC10670404 DOI: 10.3390/curroncol30110714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Iron deficiency (ID) is a complication of gastrointestinal (GI) cancers that may manifest as iron deficiency anemia (IDA). Serum ferritin monitoring and oral iron supplementation have the limitations of being falsely elevated and poorly absorbed, respectively. This study aims to assess the discordance in surveillance, treatment practices, and awareness of ID/IDA in GI cancer patients by Canadian physicians treating these patients. METHODS From February 2020 to September 2021, a 22-question electronic survey was sent to medical oncologists (MOs), surgical oncologists (SOs), and gastroenterologists (GEs). The survey collected information about four domains: physician demographics, surveillance practices, treatment practices, and awareness of ID/IDA in GI cancer patients and ASCO/ASH guidelines. RESULTS A total of 108 (34 MOs, 19 SOs, and 55 GEs) of the 872 (12.4%) invited physicians completed the survey. Of these, 26.5% of MOs, 36.8% of SOs, and 70.9% of GEs measured baseline iron parameters, with few continuing surveillance throughout treatment. Ferritin was widely measured by MOs (88.9%), SOs (100%), and GEs (91.4%). Iron was supplemented if ID/IDA was identified pre-treatment by 66.7% of MOs, 85.7% of SOs, and 94.2% of GEs. Parenteral iron was prescribed by SOs (100%), while oral iron was prescribed by MOs (83.3%) and GEs (87.9%). Only 18.6% of physicians were aware of the ASCO/ASH guidelines regarding erythropoiesis-stimulating agents with parenteral iron for treating chemotherapy-induced anemia. CONCLUSION Results illustrate variations in practice patterns for IDA management across the different physician specialties. Moreover, there appeared to be gaps in the knowledge and care surrounding evidence-based IDA management principles which may contribute to poor clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilie S. Richard
- Department of Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Sinai Health, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada
| | - Adriyan Hrycyshyn
- Department of Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Sinai Health, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada
| | - Noor Salman
- Department of Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Sinai Health, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada
| | | | - Alexandria Abbruzzino
- Department of Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Sinai Health, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada
| | - Janet Smith
- Department of Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Sinai Health, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada
| | - Jacob J. Kachura
- Department of Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Sinai Health, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada
| | - Michelle Sholzberg
- Department of Medicine, Division of Oncology/Hematology, St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, ON M5B 1W8, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3H2, Canada
| | - Jeffrey D. Mosko
- Department of Medicine, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3H2, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, ON M5B 1W8, Canada
| | - Sami A. Chadi
- Sprott Department of Surgery, Division of General Surgery, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4, Canada
- Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 1P5, Canada
| | - Ronald L. Burkes
- Department of Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Sinai Health, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3H2, Canada
| | - Maya Pankiw
- Department of Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Sinai Health, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada
| | - Christine Brezden-Masley
- Department of Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Sinai Health, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3H2, Canada
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24
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Zhang X, Jia R, Zheng Z, Jiang L, Xu Y, Raj A, Sun D. Effect of roxadustat on iron metabolism in patients with peritoneal dialysis: a real-world 24-week study. Eur J Med Res 2023; 28:489. [PMID: 37936193 PMCID: PMC10629011 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-023-01465-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Roxadustat is an oral hypoxia inducing factor-prolyl hydroxylase inhibitor (HIF-PHI) that regulates iron metabolism in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) primarily by reducing hepcidin levels and mobilizing internal iron stores. More data are needed to demonstrate the efficacy of roxadustat in regulating iron metabolism in patients with peritoneal dialysis (PD) compared with erythropoiesis stimulating agents (ESAs). METHODS This prospective cohort study enrolled PD patients with a mean hemoglobin level of 60-100 g/L. All subjects were randomized into two groups at a ratio of 2:1 the roxadustat group (106 cases), and the ESA group (53 cases). The primary endpoint was the change in the iron biomarker levels and the proportion of patients with absolute iron deficiency and functional iron deficiency. RESULTS Compared with ESAs, roxadustat significantly decreased hepcidin level (difference, - 20.09 ng/mL; 95% CI, - 30.26 to - 9.92), attenuated the increase in serum soluble transferrin receptor (sTFR) level (difference, - 7.87 nmol/L; 95% CI, - 12.11 to - 3.64), and reduced the proportion of patients with functional iron deficiency (roxadustat, 11.43%; ESA, 33.33%). There was no significant difference in safety of the two groups over the duration of the study. CONCLUSIONS Compared with ESA group, roxadustat group showed significant differences in all iron biomarker levels except serum ferritin (sFt) and transferrin saturation (TSAT). These results suggest that roxadustat was superior to ESAs as a therapy for iron metabolism in PD patients. TRIAL REGISTRATION This study completed Chinese Clinical Trial Registration on March 4, 2022 (registration number: ChiCTR2200057231).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuejie Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, 99 West Huai-Hai Road, Xuzhou, 221002, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Nephrology, Jintan Hospital,Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Changzhou, China
| | - Ruoyu Jia
- National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Diseases, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhifang Zheng
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, 99 West Huai-Hai Road, Xuzhou, 221002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Luhua Jiang
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, 99 West Huai-Hai Road, Xuzhou, 221002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yizhou Xu
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, 99 West Huai-Hai Road, Xuzhou, 221002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ashok Raj
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, 99 West Huai-Hai Road, Xuzhou, 221002, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Dong Sun
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, 99 West Huai-Hai Road, Xuzhou, 221002, Jiangsu, China.
- Department of Internal Medicine and Diagnostics, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.
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Chen YH, Feng HL, Lu YC, Jeng SS. Oral Zinc-Rich Oyster Supplementation Corrects Anemia in Rats. Nutrients 2023; 15:4675. [PMID: 37960326 PMCID: PMC10650441 DOI: 10.3390/nu15214675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
This study investigates the impact of various zinc supplementation methods on anemia in rats induced by phenylhydrazine (PHZ) and in 5/6-nephrectomized anemic rats. We compare oral zinc sulfate (ZnSO4) supplementation, oyster Crassostrea gigas supplementation, and hard clam Meretrix lusoria supplementation on red blood cell (RBC) levels. Oral zinc-rich oyster supplementation (2.70 mg Zn (30 g oyster)/day/rat) effectively corrects anemia in both experimental groups. Rats orally fed oysters for four days exhibit similar effectiveness as those receiving a single ZnSO4 injection (0.95 mg Zn (4.18 mg ZnSO4⋅7H2O)/rat). In contrast, oral ZnSO4 supplementation (2.70 mg Zn (11.88 mg ZnSO4⋅7H2O)/day/rat) does not significantly increase RBC levels, suggesting better zinc absorption from oysters. A placebo group of anemic rats supplemented with hard clams, similar in composition to oysters but much lower in zinc, did not change RBC counts. This supports oysters' high zinc content as the key to correcting anemia. Oysters also contain high iron levels, offering a potential solution for iron-deficiency anemia while supporting bone marrow erythropoiesis. In summary, oral oyster supplementation emerges as an effective strategy to correct anemia in rats with added zinc and iron support for erythropoiesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yen-Hua Chen
- Institute of Food Safety and Risk Management, College of Life Sciences, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 20224, Taiwan;
| | - Hui-Lin Feng
- Department of Food Science, College of Life Sciences, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 20224, Taiwan; (H.-L.F.); (Y.-C.L.)
| | - Yu-Cheng Lu
- Department of Food Science, College of Life Sciences, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 20224, Taiwan; (H.-L.F.); (Y.-C.L.)
| | - Sen-Shyong Jeng
- Department of Food Science, College of Life Sciences, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 20224, Taiwan; (H.-L.F.); (Y.-C.L.)
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Korczowski B, Farrell C, Falone M, Blackman N, Rodgers T. Safety, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics of intravenous ferric carboxymaltose in children with iron deficiency anemia. Pediatr Res 2023; 94:1547-1554. [PMID: 37208431 PMCID: PMC10589089 DOI: 10.1038/s41390-023-02644-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Iron deficiency is the primary cause of anemia in children. Intravenous (IV) iron formulations circumvent malabsorption and rapidly restore hemoglobin. METHODS This Phase 2, non-randomized, multicenter study characterized the safety profile and determined appropriate dosing of ferric carboxymaltose (FCM) in children with iron deficiency anemia. Patients aged 1-17 years with hemoglobin <11 g/dL and transferrin saturation <20% received single IV doses of undiluted FCM 7.5 mg/kg (n = 16) or 15 mg/kg (n = 19). RESULTS The most common drug-related treatment-emergent adverse event was urticaria (in three recipients of FCM 15 mg/kg). Systemic exposure to iron increased in a dose-proportional manner with approximate doubling of mean baseline-corrected maximum serum iron concentration (157 µg/mL with FCM 7.5 mg/kg; and 310 µg/mL with FCM 15 mg/kg) and area under the serum concentration-time curve (1901 and 4851 h·µg/mL, respectively). Baseline hemoglobin was 9.2 and 9.5 g/dL in the FCM 7.5 and 15 mg/kg groups, respectively, with mean maximum changes in hemoglobin of 2.2 and 3.0 g/dL, respectively. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, FCM was well tolerated by pediatric patients. Improvements in hemoglobin were greater with the higher dose, supporting use of the FCM 15 mg/kg dose in pediatric patients (Clinicaltrials.gov NCT02410213). IMPACT This study provided information on the pharmacokinetics and safety of intravenous ferric carboxymaltose for treatment of iron deficiency anemia in children and adolescents. In children aged 1-17 years with iron deficiency anemia, single intravenous doses of ferric carboxymaltose 7.5 or 15 mg/kg increased systemic exposure to iron in a dose-proportional manner, with clinically meaningful increases in hemoglobin. The most common drug-related treatment-emergent adverse event was urticaria. The findings suggest that iron deficiency anemia in children can be corrected with a single intravenous dose of ferric carboxymaltose and support use of a 15 mg/kg dose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bartosz Korczowski
- Department of Pediatrics, Institute of Medical Sciences, Medical College, University of Rzeszów, Rzeszów, Poland.
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27
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Ritter F, Staub BM, Osthoff M. Appropriateness of inpatient intravenous iron therapy in a Swiss tertiary care hospital. Eur J Haematol 2023; 111:601-610. [PMID: 37489058 DOI: 10.1111/ejh.14053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Intravenous (IV) iron replacement is an established treatment for iron deficiency and is recommended in various medical guidelines, but cheaper oral iron formulations remain first-line therapy in several instances. Data on adherence to current prescription standards are lacking in Switzerland. METHODS Retrospective single center quality control study evaluating the appropriateness of IV iron replacement in 400 inpatients during 2019 and 2021 at a Swiss tertiary care hospital. Appropriateness of IV iron was assessed by expert chart review according to national and international guidelines. RESULTS IV iron prescriptions were assessed as inappropriate in 147 (37%) of cases (indication lacking in 13%, oral route preferred in 24%). Inappropriate prescribing was more common (p < .001) in surgical wards (66%) compared to medical units (48%) and the gynecologic ward (19%). Iron studies were lacking in 29% of inappropriate IV administrations. Insufficient replacement dosages were chosen in 38% of patients with appropriate prescription. CONCLUSION Based on current guidelines, inappropriate in-hospital prescription of IV iron was frequently observed. Considerable differences exist between hospital units, which are consistent with conflicting recommendations of professional societies. We recommend increased attention toward the prescription quality to avoid unnecessary, expensive, and potentially harmful use of IV iron.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Ritter
- Division of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Division of Internal Medicine, Kantonsspital Baselland, Liestal, Switzerland
| | - Benjamin M Staub
- Division of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Michael Osthoff
- Division of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Division of Internal Medicine, Kantonsspital Winterthur, Winterthur, Switzerland
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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Hu S, Wu D, Wu J, Zhang Y, Bøgelund M, Pöhlmann J, Pollock RF. Disutilities Associated with Intravenous Iron Infusions: Results from a Time Trade-off Survey and Diminishing Marginal Utility Model for Treatment Attributes in China. Patient Relat Outcome Meas 2023; 14:253-267. [PMID: 37789883 PMCID: PMC10543423 DOI: 10.2147/prom.s400389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Treatment process attributes can affect health state utilities associated with therapy. For intravenous iron, used to treat iron deficiency and iron deficiency anemia, research into process attributes is still lacking. This study estimated utilities associated with process attributes for intravenous iron infusions. Methods An online survey including seven health state vignettes and time trade-off tasks was administered to participants, who were not patients living with iron deficiency or iron deficiency anemia, from a Chinese online panel. Vignettes used an identical description of iron deficiency and iron deficiency anemia but differed in the annual number of infusions, infusion duration, and infusion-associated risk of hypophosphatemic osteomalacia. Disutilities and their rate of change as the number of infusions increased were examined using a power model. Results The survey was completed by 1091 participants. The highest utilities were observed for one annual infusion of 15-30 minutes or 30-60 minutes, without risk of hypophosphatemic osteomalacia (0.754 and 0.746, respectively). In comparison, more infusions and infusions with a risk of hypophosphatemic osteomalacia were associated with lower utilities. Utility continued to decrease, but at a diminishing rate, as the annual number of infusions increased, with utility decrements of 0.006 and 0.002, respectively, when going from zero to one and from four to five infusions per year. All marginal disutilities were small (values <0.01). Conclusion This study suggested that treatment attributes of intravenous iron infusions affect health state utilities. Using intravenous iron formulations that allow for fewer and shorter infusions without the risk of hypophosphatemic osteomalacia can reduce the number of visits required and increase patients' quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanlian Hu
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Depei Wu
- First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jing Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yabing Zhang
- Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
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Lasocki S, Delahaye D, Fuks D, Savoie PH, Dussart C, Hofmann A, Paubel P. Management of perioperative iron deficiency anemia as part of patient blood management in France: A budget impact model-based analysis based on real world data. Transfusion 2023; 63:1692-1700. [PMID: 37610057 DOI: 10.1111/trf.17495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Patient Blood Management (PBM) is defined as a patient-centered, systematic, evidence-based approach to improve patient outcomes by managing and preserving a patient's own blood, while promoting patient safety and empowerment. As a corollary, it also reduces the utilization of allogeneic blood components. However, demonstrating cost-effectiveness depends on the health insurance system considered. This analysis aims to estimate the one-year budget impact of PBM in four elective surgical areas, from French National Health Insurance and hospital perspectives. METHODS A budget impact model was developed to estimate the difference in the cost of care between scenarios with and without PBM. The impact of hematopoiesis optimization (first pillar of PBM) was studied throughout the management of preoperative anemia and iron deficiency in four types of surgeries: orthopedic, cardiac & cardiovascular, vascular & thoracic, and urologic & visceral surgery. Estimation of model's parameters was based on data collected in 10 French hospitals, literature, and on data from the French national medico-administrative database. RESULTS A total of 980,125 patients were modeled for all four therapeutic areas. Results shows that implementation of a PBM program could generate annual savings up to €1079 M from the French National Health Insurance perspective (€1018 M from the hospital perspective), and the sparing of 181,451 red blood cells units per year. The deterministic sensitivity analysis showed that PBM generates savings for both perspectives in most parameters tested. CONCLUSION Implementing PBM programs could result in important savings for the health care system in France.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sigismond Lasocki
- Département Anesthésie Réanimation, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Angers, Angers, France
| | - D Delahaye
- Département Anesthésie Réanimation, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille, hôpital Sainte-Marguerite, Marseille, France
| | - D Fuks
- Département de chirurgie digestive hépato-billiaire endocrinienne, Hôpital Cochin, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - P H Savoie
- Service d'Urologie, Hôpital d'Instruction des armées Sainte Anne, Toulon, France
| | - C Dussart
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - A Hofmann
- University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - P Paubel
- Inserm UMR S 1145, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
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Evanchuk JL, Kozyrskyj A, Hanas N, Goruk S, Vaghef-Mehrabani E, Archundia-Herrera CM, O'Brien KO, Letourneau NL, Giesbrecht GF, Bell RC, Field CJ. Maternal Iron Status Is Dynamic Throughout Pregnancy and Might Predict Birth Outcomes in a Sex Dependent Manner: Results from the Alberta Pregnancy Outcomes and Nutrition (APrON) Cohort Study. J Nutr 2023; 153:2585-2597. [PMID: 37393033 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2023.06.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Developmental responses to nutrient deprivation may differ by fetal sex. Despite this, relationships between maternal prenatal iron biomarkers and birth outcomes when stratifying by offspring sex are poorly described, especially in healthy cohorts. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to determine associations between maternal iron biomarkers and birth weights (BWs) and birth head circumferences (BHCs) among female and male newborns to assess whether the potential predictive ability of iron biomarkers on birth outcomes differs by offspring sex. METHODS The Alberta Pregnancy Outcomes and Nutrition (APrON) cohort study recruited 2189 pregnant individuals from Calgary and Edmonton, Canada. Maternal blood was drawn at each trimester and 3 mo postpartum. Maternal serum ferritin (SF) concentrations were measured using chemiluminescent immunoassays and erythropoietin (EPO), hepcidin, and soluble transferrin receptor (sTfR) using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Ratios of sTfR:SF and hepcidin:EPO were calculated and birth outcomes accessed through delivery records. Directed acyclic graphs informed multivariate regression models. RESULTS The risk of maternal iron deficiency increased throughout pregnancy because ∼61% showed depleted iron stores (SF < 15 μg/L) by the third trimester. Maternal hepcidin, SF, sTfR, and sTfR:SF concentrations changed across time (P < 0.01), and participants carrying female fetuses consistently (across 6 biomarkers) showed a lower iron status during the third trimester compared with those with male fetuses (P < 0.05). Higher maternal SF and hepcidin:EPO during the third trimester was associated with lower BWs in males (P = 0.006 for SF; P = 0.03 for hepcidin:EPO) and females (P = 0.02 for SF; P = 0.02 for hepcidin:EPO). There were additional inverse associations between BWs and third trimester maternal hepcidin (P = 0.03) and hemoglobin (P = 0.004) and between BHCs and maternal SF (second trimester; P < 0.05) and Hb (third trimester P = 0.02) but only in males. CONCLUSIONS Relationships between maternal iron biomarkers and BWs and BHCs may depend on the timing of pregnancy and offpsring sex. There was a high risk of third trimester iron storage depletion among generally healthy pregnant individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenna L Evanchuk
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Anita Kozyrskyj
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Natalie Hanas
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Susan Goruk
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | | | | | - Kimberly O O'Brien
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
| | - Nicole L Letourneau
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Gerald F Giesbrecht
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Rhonda C Bell
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Catherine J Field
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
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Abstract
In the United States, colorectal cancer has the fourth highest amount of annual new cancer cases per year between 2014 and 2018. In this article, the authors review the data and guidelines supporting effective direct visualization and stool-based testing methods of colon cancer screening along with work-up and management of Iron Deficiency Anemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ethan P Berg
- SIU Decatur Family Medicine Residency, 102 West Kenwood Avenue, Ste 100, Decatur, IL 62526, USA; Department of Family & Community Medicine, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL, USA
| | - Asiya Mohammed
- Department of Family & Community Medicine, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL, USA; SIU Springfield Family Medicine Residency, 520 N. 4th Street, Springfield, IL 62702, USA
| | - Zachary J Shipp
- SIU Decatur Family Medicine Residency, 102 West Kenwood Avenue, Ste 100, Decatur, IL 62526, USA; Department of Family & Community Medicine, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL, USA
| | - Johnny C Tenegra
- SIU Decatur Family Medicine Residency, 102 West Kenwood Avenue, Ste 100, Decatur, IL 62526, USA; Department of Family & Community Medicine, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL, USA; Department of Family & Community Medicine, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine Decatur Family Medicine Residency, Decatur, IL, USA.
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Krupnik L, Joshi P, Kappler A, Flühmann B, Alston AB, Digigow R, Wick P, Neels A. Critical nanomaterial attributes of iron-carbohydrate nanoparticles: Leveraging orthogonal methods to resolve the 3-dimensional structure. Eur J Pharm Sci 2023; 188:106521. [PMID: 37423578 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2023.106521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
Intravenous iron-carbohydrate nanomedicines are widely used to treat iron deficiency and iron deficiency anemia across a wide breadth of patient populations. These colloidal solutions of nanoparticles are complex drugs which inherently makes physicochemical characterization more challenging than small molecule drugs. There have been advancements in physicochemical characterization techniques such as dynamic light scattering and zeta potential measurement, that have provided a better understanding of the physical structure of these drug products in vitro. However, establishment and validation of complementary and orthogonal approaches are necessary to better understand the 3-dimensional physical structure of the iron-carbohydrate complexes, particularly with regard to their physical state in the context of the nanoparticle interaction with biological components such as whole blood (i.e. the nano-bio interface).
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonard Krupnik
- Laboratory for Particles-Biology Interactions, Materials meet Life, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology (Empa), St. Gallen, Switzerland; Center for X-ray Analytics, Materials meet Life, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology (Empa), St. Gallen, Switzerland; Department of Chemistry, University of Fribourg, Fribourg 1700, Switzerland
| | - Prachi Joshi
- Geomicrobiology, Department of Geosciences, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen 72076, Germany
| | - Andreas Kappler
- Geomicrobiology, Department of Geosciences, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen 72076, Germany; Cluster of Excellence: EXC 2124: Controlling Microbes to Fight Infection, Tuebingen 72076, Germany
| | - Beat Flühmann
- CSL Vifor, Flughofstrasse 61, Glattbrug 8152, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Peter Wick
- Laboratory for Particles-Biology Interactions, Materials meet Life, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology (Empa), St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Antonia Neels
- Center for X-ray Analytics, Materials meet Life, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology (Empa), St. Gallen, Switzerland; Department of Chemistry, University of Fribourg, Fribourg 1700, Switzerland
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Noubactep C, Kenmogne-Tchidjo JF, Vollmer S. Iron-fortified water: a new approach for reducing iron deficiency anemia in resource-constrained settings. Sci Rep 2023; 13:13565. [PMID: 37604937 PMCID: PMC10442336 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-40600-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023] Open
Abstract
A new approach for fortification of drinking water is presented for combating iron deficiency anemia (IDA) worldwide. The idea is to leach Fe from a bed containing granular metallic iron (Fe0), primarily using ascorbic acid (AA). AA forms very stable and bioavailable complexes with ferrous iron (FeII). Calculated amounts of the FeII-AA solution can be added daily to the drinking water of households or day-care centers for children and adults (e.g. hospitals, kindergartens/schools, refugee camps) to cover the Fe needs of the populations. Granular Fe0 (e.g., sponge iron) in filters is regarded as a locally available Fe carrier in low-income settings, and, AA is also considered to be affordable in low-income countries. The primary idea of this concept is to stabilize FeII from the Fe0 filter by using an appropriate AA solution. An experiment showed that up to 12 mg Fe can be daily leached from 1.0 g of a commercial sponge iron using a 2 mM AA solution. Fe fortification of safe drinking water is a practicable, affordable and efficient method for reducing IDA in low-income communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chicgoua Noubactep
- Centre for Modern Indian Studies (CeMIS), Universität Göttingen, Waldweg 26, 37073, Göttingen, Germany.
- Department of Water and Environmental Science and Engineering, Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 447, Arusha, Tanzania.
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Campus of Banekane, Université des Montagnes, P.O. Box 208, Bangangté, Cameroon.
- School of Earth Science and Engineering, Hohai University, Fo Cheng Xi Road 8, Nanjing, 211100, China.
| | | | - Sebastian Vollmer
- Centre for Modern Indian Studies (CeMIS), Universität Göttingen, Waldweg 26, 37073, Göttingen, Germany
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Cheng CY, Hsu TH, Yang YL, Huang YH. Hemoglobin and Its Z Score Reference Intervals in Febrile Children: A Cohort Study of 98,572 Febrile Children. Children (Basel) 2023; 10:1402. [PMID: 37628401 PMCID: PMC10453815 DOI: 10.3390/children10081402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Febrile disease and age of children were associated with a variation in hemoglobin (Hb) level. Both CRP and Hb serve as laboratory markers that offer valuable insights into a patient's health, particularly in relation to inflammation and specific medical conditions. Although a direct correlation between CRP and Hb levels is not established, the relationship between these markers has garnered academic attention and investigation. This study aimed to determine updated reference ranges for Hb levels for age and investigated its correlation with CRP in febrile children under the age of 18. METHODS This is a cohort study of in Chang Gung Memorial Hospitals conducted from January 2010 to December 2019. Blood samples were collected from 98,572 febrile children who were or had been admitted in the pediatric emergency department. The parameters of individuals were presented as the mean ± standard deviation or 2.5th and 97.5th percentiles. We also determined the variation of Hb and Z score of Hb between CRP levels in febrile children. RESULT We observed that the Hb levels were the highest immediately after birth and subsequently underwent a rapid decline, reaching their lowest point at around 1-2 months of age, and followed by a steady increment in Hb levels throughout childhood and adolescence. In addition, there was a significant and wide variation in Hb levels during the infant period. It revealed a significant association between higher CRP levels and lower Hb levels or a more negative Z score of Hb across all age subgroups. Moreover, in patients with bacteremia, CRP levels were higher, Hb concentrations were lower, and Z scores of Hb were also lower compared to the non-bacteremia group. Furthermore, the bacteremia group exhibited a more substantial negative correlation between CRP levels and a Z score of Hb (r = -0.41, p < 0.001) compared to the non-bacteremia group (r = -0.115, p < 0.049). CONCLUSION The study findings revealed that the Hb references varied depending on the age of the children and their CRP levels. In addition, we established new reference values for Hb and its Z scores and explore their relationship with CRP. It provides valuable insights into the Hb status and its potential association with inflammation in febrile pediatric patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chu-Yin Cheng
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Hsuan Hsu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Ling Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kaohsiung 333, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Hsien Huang
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kaohsiung 333, Taiwan
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35
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Tan C, Karaca AC, Assadpour E, Jafari SM. Influence of different nano/micro-carriers on the bioavailability of iron: Focus on in vitro-in vivo studies. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 318:102949. [PMID: 37348384 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2023.102949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
Anemia resulting from iron (Fe) deficiency is a global public health problem. The deficiency of Fe is usually due to insufficient dietary intake of iron, interaction of Fe with other food components, and thus low bioaccessibility/bioavailability. Fe encapsulation has the potential to tackle some major challenges in iron fortification of foods. Various nano/micro-carriers have been developed for encapsulation of Fe, including emulsions, liposomes, hydrogels, and spray-dried microcapsules. They could reduce the interactions of Fe with food components, increase iron tolerance and intestinal uptake, and decrease adverse effects. This article review covers the factors affecting the bioavailability of Fe along with emerging carriers that can be used as a solution of this issue. The application of Fe-loaded carriers in food supplements and products is also described. The advantages and limitations associated with the delivery efficiency of each carrier for Fe are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Tan
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health (Beijing Technology and Business University), Ministry of Education, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Nutrition and Health (Beijing), School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University (BTBU), Beijing 100048, China
| | - Asli Can Karaca
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, 34469 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Elham Assadpour
- Food Industry Research Co., Gorgan, Iran; Food and Bio-Nanotech International Research Center (Fabiano), Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Seid Mahdi Jafari
- Department of Food Materials and Process Design Engineering, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran.
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Sun B, Tan B, Zhang P, Huang T, Wei H, Li C, Yang W. Effects of hemoglobin extracted from Tegillarca granosa on the gut microbiota in iron deficiency anemia mice. Food Funct 2023; 14:7040-7052. [PMID: 37449470 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo00695f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is a serious threat to the health of humans around the world. Tegillarca granosa (T. granosa) is considered as an excellent source of iron due to its abundant iron-binding protein hemoglobin. This study aimed to investigate the effects of hemoglobin from T. granosa on the gut microbiota and iron bioavailability in IDA mice. Compared to normal mice, IDA mice showed reduced microbiota diversity and altered relative abundance (reduced Muribaculaceae and increased Bacteroides). After 4 weeks of administration, hemoglobin restored the dysbiosis of the intestinal microbiota induced by IDA and decreased the Firmicutes/Bacteroidota ratio and the abundance of Proteobacteria. Analysis of the hemoglobin regeneration efficiency of mice treated with hemoglobin confirmed that hemoglobin exhibited high iron bioavailability, particularly at low-dose administration, suggesting that a small amount of hemoglobin from T. granosa markedly elevated the blood hemoglobin level in mice. These findings suggested that IDA could be alleviated by administration of hemoglobin with excellent iron bioavailability, and its therapeutic mechanism may be partially attributed to the regulation of the intestinal microbiota composition and relative abundance. These results indicated that T. granosa hemoglobin may be a promising iron supplement to treat IDA and promote the utilization of aquatic-derived proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bolun Sun
- College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, 315211, China.
| | - Beibei Tan
- College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, 315211, China.
- School of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Science, University of Melbourne, Australia
| | - Panxue Zhang
- College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, 315211, China.
| | - Tao Huang
- College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, 315211, China.
- Key Laboratory of Animal Protein Food Deep Processing Technology of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Huamao Wei
- College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, 315211, China.
- Key Laboratory of Animal Protein Food Deep Processing Technology of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Chao Li
- College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, 315211, China.
- Key Laboratory of Animal Protein Food Deep Processing Technology of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Wenge Yang
- College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, 315211, China.
- Key Laboratory of Animal Protein Food Deep Processing Technology of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
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Aski MS, Mishra GP, Tokkas JP, Yadav PS, Rai N, Bansal R, Singh A, Gupta S, Kumar J, Parihar A, Kumar S, Kumar V, Saxsena AK, Das TR, Kumar A, Dikshit HK. Strategies for identifying stable lentil cultivars ( Lens culinaris Medik) for combating hidden hunger, malnourishment, and climate variability. Front Plant Sci 2023; 14:1102879. [PMID: 37521940 PMCID: PMC10374012 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1102879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Iron and zinc malnutrition is a global humanitarian concern that mostly affects newborns, children, and women in low- and middle-income countries where plant-based diets are regularly consumed. This kind of malnutrition has the potential to result in a number of immediate and long-term implications, including stunted growth, an elevated risk of infectious diseases, and poor development, all of which may ultimately cause children to not develop to the fullest extent possible. A determination of the contributions from genotype, environment, and genotype by environment interactions is necessary for the production of nutrient-dense lentil varieties that offer greater availability of iron and zinc with a high level of trait stability. Understanding the genotype and environmental parameters that affect G x E (Genotype x Environment) interactions is essential for plant breeding. We used GGE(Genotype, Genotype x Environment interactions) and AMMI (Additive Main effects and Multiplicative Interaction) models to study genetic stability and GE(Genotype x Environment interactions) for grain Fe, Zn, Al, and anti-nutritional factors like phytic acid content in sixteen commercially produced lentil cultivars over several different six geographical locations across India. Significant genetic variability was evident in the Fe and Zn levels of different genotypes of lentils. The amounts of grain iron, zinc, and phytic acid varied from 114.10 to 49.90 mg/kg, 74.62 to 21.90 mg/kg, and 0.76 to 2.84 g/100g (dw) respectively. The environment and GE (Genotype x Environment interactions) had an impact on the concentration of grain Fe, Zn, and phytic acid (PA). Heritability estimations ranged from low to high (53.18% to 99.48%). The study indicated strong correlation between the contents of Fe and Zn, a strategy for simultaneously increasing Fe and Zn in lentils may be recommended. In addition, our research revealed that the stable and ideal lentil varieties L4076 (Pusa Shivalik) for Fe concentration and L4717 (Pusa Ageti) for Zn content, which have lower phytic acid contents, will not only play an essential role as stable donors in the lentil bio-fortification but will also enable the expansion of the growing area of bio-fortified crops for the security of health and nutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muraleedhar S. Aski
- Division of Genetics, Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Gyan Prakash Mishra
- Division of Genetics, Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Jayanti P. Tokkas
- Division of Biochemistry, Chaudhary Charan Singh (CCS), Hissar Agricultural University, Hissar, Haryana, India
| | - Prachi S. Yadav
- Division of Genetics, Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Neha Rai
- Division of Genetics, Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Ruchi Bansal
- Division of Plant Physiology, Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Akanksha Singh
- Amity Institute of Organic Agriculture, Amity University, Noida, India
| | - Sanjeev Gupta
- Krishi Bhavan, Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR), Delhi, India
| | - Jitendra Kumar
- Division of Crop Improvement, Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) – Indian Institute of Pulses Research, Kanpur, UP, India
| | - Ashok Parihar
- Division of Crop Improvement, Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) – Indian Institute of Pulses Research, Kanpur, UP, India
| | - Shiv Kumar
- Regional Research Station, International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA), New Delhi, India
| | - Vinod Kumar
- Regional Agricultural Research Station, Jawaharlal Nehru Krishi Vishwavidyalaya (JNKVV), Sagar, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Ashok Kumar Saxsena
- RVSKVV-Rajmata Vijayaraje Scindia Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Department of Plant Breeding & Genetics, College of Agriculture, Sehore, MP, India
| | - Tapas Ranjan Das
- Division of Genetics, Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)-Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI) Regional Research Station, Pusa Samastipure, Bihar, India
| | - Anil Kumar
- Department of Plant Breeding & Genetics, Bihar Agricultural College, Bihar Agriculture University, Bhagalpur, Bihar, India
| | - Harsh Kumar Dikshit
- Division of Genetics, Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
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Pai RD, Chong YS, Clemente-Chua LR, Irwinda R, Huynh TNK, Wibowo N, Gamilla MCZ, Mahdy ZA. Prevention and Management of Iron Deficiency/Iron-Deficiency Anemia in Women: An Asian Expert Consensus. Nutrients 2023; 15:3125. [PMID: 37513543 PMCID: PMC10383547 DOI: 10.3390/nu15143125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The lack of standardized clinical practice impeding the optimal management of iron deficiency (ID) and iron deficiency anemia (IDA) in women is a global concern, particularly in the Asia-Pacific region. The aim of this study was to determine best practices through a Delphi consensus process. In Round 1, panelists were asked to rate their level of agreement with 99 statements across four domains: identification, diagnosis and assessment, prevention, and treatment of ID/IDA in women. In Round 2, panelists reappraised their ratings in view of the collective feedback and responses to Round 1. After two rounds, consensus (≥85% agreement) was reached for 84% of the Delphi statements. Experts agreed on the role of presenting symptoms and risk factors in prompting assessments of anemia and iron status in women. Experts repeatedly called for prevention, recommending preventive iron supplementation for pregnant women irrespective of anemia prevalence levels, and for non-pregnant adult women, adolescent girls, and perimenopausal women living in areas with a high prevalence of anemia. Experts unanimously agreed to prescribing oral ferrous iron as first-line therapy for uncomplicated ID/IDA. The recommendations and clinical pathway algorithms generated should be used to inform clinical practice and standardize the care of women at risk or presenting with ID/IDA in the Asia-Pacific region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rishma Dhillon Pai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Lilavati Hospital, Mumbai 400050, India;
| | - Yap Seng Chong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore;
| | | | - Rima Irwinda
- Fetomaternal Division, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Indonesia—Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta 10430, Indonesia; (R.I.); (N.W.)
| | - Trang Nguyen Khanh Huynh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pham Ngoc Thach University of Medicine, Ho Chi Minh 700000, Vietnam;
| | - Noroyono Wibowo
- Fetomaternal Division, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Indonesia—Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta 10430, Indonesia; (R.I.); (N.W.)
| | | | - Zaleha Abdullah Mahdy
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
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Wu J, Yang R, Yu H, Qin X, Wu T, Wu Y, Hu Y. Association of Metformin Use with Iron Deficiency Anemia in Urban Chinese Patients with Type 2 Diabetes. Nutrients 2023; 15:3081. [PMID: 37513498 PMCID: PMC10385822 DOI: 10.3390/nu15143081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous evidence yielded contradictory findings on the relationship between metformin and anemia. This study aims to assess whether metformin use is associated with iron-deficiency anemia (IDA) risk in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) in Beijing, China. METHODS Overall, 60,327 newly diagnosed T2D patients were included based on a historical cohort study design. The information pertaining to these patients was gathered from the Beijing Medical Claim Data for Employees Database. These patients were then categorized into the metformin and non-metformin groups and matched on a 1:1 propensity score based on their initial antidiabetic prescription. The Cox proportional hazards models were utilized to calculate the incidences and the hazard ratios (HRs). RESULTS The study enrolled 27,960 patients with type 2 diabetes, with 13,980 patients in each of the initial glucose-lowering prescription groups: metformin and non-metformin. During a median follow-up period of 4.84 years, 4832 patients developed IDA. The incidence of IDA was significantly lower in the metformin group (26.08/1000 person-years) than in the non-metformin group (43.20/1000 person-years). Among the three groups divided by the proportion of days covered by metformin, we found a negative correlation between the proportion of days covered by metformin and the risk of IDA. The risk of IDA in patients with a proportion of days covered by metformin of <20%, 20-79%, and ≥80% was 0.43 (0.38, 0.48), 0.37 (0.34, 0.42), and 0.91 (0.85, 0.98), respectively, compared to the non-metformin group. We also performed subgroup analyses and sensitivity analyses: the incidence of IDA in the metformin group was lower than that in the non-metformin group in all subgroups, and the protective effect was more significant in subgroups of patients aged ≥65, with Charlson comorbidity index (CCI) ≥2, and with gastric acid inhibitor use. CONCLUSIONS In Chinese patients with T2DM, metformin treatment was associated with a decreased risk of IDA admission, and this risk responded positively to the proportion of days covered by metformin. These findings suggest that metformin may have a pleiotropic effect on IDA in patients with type 2 diabetes. Our study has important clinical implications for the management of patients with diabetes and other conditions that increase the risk of IDA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junhui Wu
- School of Nursing, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Ruotong Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Huan Yu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xueying Qin
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- Key Laboratory of Epidemiology of Major Diseases, Peking University, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Tao Wu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- Key Laboratory of Epidemiology of Major Diseases, Peking University, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yiqun Wu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- Key Laboratory of Epidemiology of Major Diseases, Peking University, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yonghua Hu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- Key Laboratory of Epidemiology of Major Diseases, Peking University, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100191, China
- Medical Informatics Center, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
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Durand A, Routier B, Druesne L, Dubois-Laurent M, Roca F, Chenailler C. [The proper use of carboxymaltose iron and its economic impact in the geriatric wards of a French university hospital]. Soins Gerontol 2023; 28:42-46. [PMID: 37481291 DOI: 10.1016/j.sger.2023.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/24/2023]
Abstract
The proper use and economic impact of carboxymaltose iron were evaluated for patients hospitalized in the geriatric wards of a French university hospital from November 2019 to April 2020. Martial supplementation was recommended for 75.7% of the 173 patients who received carboxymaltose iron: 43.4% had a real indication for carboxymaltose iron, while 14.4% could have received sucrose iron and 17.9% could have received per os iron. Compliance with the recommendations would have generated savings of 10,345.80 euros (32.1%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Amaury Durand
- Pharmacie à usage interne, CHU Rouen, 37 boulevard Gambetta, 76000 Rouen, France; Médecine interne gériatrique, CHU Rouen, 37 boulevard Gambetta, 76000 Rouen, France; Soins de Suite et de Réadaptation, CHU Rouen, 37 boulevard Gambetta, 76000 Rouen, France.
| | - Baptiste Routier
- Pharmacie à usage interne, CHU Rouen, 37 boulevard Gambetta, 76000 Rouen, France; Médecine interne gériatrique, CHU Rouen, 37 boulevard Gambetta, 76000 Rouen, France
| | - Laurent Druesne
- Médecine interne gériatrique, CHU Rouen, 37 boulevard Gambetta, 76000 Rouen, France
| | | | - Frédéric Roca
- Médecine interne gériatrique, CHU Rouen, 37 boulevard Gambetta, 76000 Rouen, France
| | - Catherine Chenailler
- Pharmacie à usage interne, CHU Rouen, 37 boulevard Gambetta, 76000 Rouen, France
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Hsiao JK, Chen CL, Hsieh WY, Kuo KL. Theranostic Role of Iron Oxide Nanoparticle for Treating Renal Anemia: Evidence of Efficacy and Significance by MRI, Histology and Biomarkers. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:1714. [PMID: 37376162 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15061714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Increasing attention has been given to applying nanosized iron oxide nanoparticles (IOPs) to treat iron deficiency anemia (IDA). Chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients who suffer from IDA often need long-term iron supplements. We aim to evaluate the safety and therapeutic effect of MPB-1523, a novel IOPs, in anemic CKD mice and to monitor iron storage by magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. (2) Methods: MPB-1523 was intraperitoneally delivered to the CKD and sham mice, and blood were collected for hematocrit, iron storage, cytokine assays, and MR imaging throughout the study. (3) Results: The hematocrit levels of CKD and sham mice dropped initially but increased gradually to reach a steady value 60 days after IOP injection. The body iron storage indicator, ferritin gradually rose and total iron-binding capacity stabilized 30 days after IOP injection. No significant inflammation or oxidative stress were observed in both groups. By T2-weighted MR imaging, the liver signal intensity gradually increased in both groups but was more pronounced in the CKD group, indicating aggressive utilization of MPB-1523. MR imaging, histology and electron microscopy showed MPB-1523 is liver-specific. (4) Conclusions: MPB-1523 can serve as a long-term iron supplement and is monitored by MR imaging. Our results have strong translatability to the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong-Kai Hsiao
- Department of Medical Imaging, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu-Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei City 23142, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97004, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Lung Chen
- Division of Translational Medicine, MegaPro, Ltd., Hsinchu 30204, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Yuan Hsieh
- Division of Translational Medicine, MegaPro, Ltd., Hsinchu 30204, Taiwan
| | - Ko-Lin Kuo
- School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97004, Taiwan
- Division of Nephrology, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei City 23142, Taiwan
- School of Post-Baccalaureate Chinese Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97048, Taiwan
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López-Balladares O, Espinoza-Montero PJ, Fernández L. Electrochemical Evaluation of Cd, Cu, and Fe in Different Brands of Craft Beers from Quito, Ecuador. Foods 2023; 12:foods12112264. [PMID: 37297508 DOI: 10.3390/foods12112264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The presence of heavy metals in craft beers can endanger human health if the total metal content exceeds the exposure limits recommended by sanitary standards; in addition, they can cause damage to the quality of the beer. In this work, the concentration of Cd(II), Cu(II), and Fe(III) was determined in 13 brands of craft beer with the highest consumption in Quito, Ecuador, by differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry (DPASV), using as boron-doped diamond (BDD) working electrode. The BDD electrode used has favorable morphological and electrochemical properties for the detection of metals such as Cd(II), Cu(II), and Fe(III). A granular morphology with microcrystals with an average size between 300 and 2000 nm could be verified for the BDD electrode using a scanning electron microscope. Double layer capacitance of the BDD electrode was 0.01412 μF cm-2, a relatively low value; Ipox/Ipred ratios were 0.99 for the potassium ferro-ferricyanide system in BDD, demonstrating that the redox process is quasi-reversible. The figures of merit for Cd(II), Cu(II), and Fe(III) were; DL of 6.31, 1.76, and 1.72 μg L-1; QL of 21.04, 5.87, and 5.72 μg L-1, repeatability of 1.06, 2.43, and 1.34%, reproducibility of 1.61, 2.94, and 1.83% and percentage of recovery of 98.18, 91.68, and 91.68%, respectively. It is concluded that the DPASV method on BDD has acceptable precision and accuracy for the quantification of Cd(II), Cu(II), and Fe(III), and it was verified that some beers did not comply with the permissible limits of food standards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oscar López-Balladares
- Escuela de Ciencias Químicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Quito 170525, Ecuador
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Central del Ecuador, Quito 170521, Ecuador
| | | | - Lenys Fernández
- Escuela de Ciencias Químicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Quito 170525, Ecuador
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Barton Alston A, Digigow R, Flühmann B, Wacker MG. Putting square pegs in round holes: why traditional pharmacokinetic principles cannot universally be applied to iron-carbohydrate complexes. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2023:S0939-6411(23)00113-3. [PMID: 37142131 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2023.04.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Intravenous iron-carbohydrate complexes are nanomedicines that are commonly used to treat iron deficiency and iron deficiency anemia of various etiologies. Many challenges remain regarding these complex drugs in the context of fully understanding their pharmacokinetic parameters. Firstly, the measurement of the intact iron nanoparticles versus endogenous iron concentration fundamentally limits the availability of data for computational modeling. Secondly, the models need to include several parameters to describe the iron metabolism which is not completely defined and those identified (e.g. ferritin) exhibit considerable interpatient variability. Additionally, modeling is further complicated by the lack of traditional receptor/enzyme interactions. The known parameters of bioavailability, distribution, metabolism, and excretion for iron-carbohydrate nanomedicines will be reviewed and future challenges that currently prevent the direct application of physiologically-based pharmacokinetic or other computational modeling techniques will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Reinaldo Digigow
- Department of Pharmacy, National University of Singapore, 4 Science Drive 2, Singapore
| | - Beat Flühmann
- CSL Vifor, Flughofstrasse 61, CH-8152, Glattbrugg, Switzerland
| | - Matthias G Wacker
- Department of Pharmacy, National University of Singapore, 4 Science Drive 2, Singapore
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Parrott JM, Parrott AJ, Rouhi AD, Parrott JS, Dumon KR. What We Are Missing: Using Machine Learning Models to Predict Vitamin C Deficiency in Patients with Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery. Obes Surg 2023:10.1007/s11695-023-06571-w. [PMID: 37060491 DOI: 10.1007/s11695-023-06571-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Vitamin C (VC) is implicated in many physiological pathways. Vitamin C deficiency (VCD) can compromise the health of patients with metabolic and bariatric surgery (patients). As symptoms of VCD are elusive and data on VCD in patients is scarce, we aim to characterize patients with measured VC levels, investigate the association of VCD with other lab abnormalities, and create predictive models of VCD using machine learning (ML). METHODS A retrospective chart review of patients seen from 2017 to 2021 at a tertiary care center in Northeastern USA was conducted. A 1:4 case mix of patients with VC measured to a random sample of patients without VC measured was created for comparative purposes. ML models (BayesNet and random forest) were used to create predictive models and estimate the prevalence of VCD patients. RESULTS Of 5946 patients reviewed, 187 (3.1%) had VC measures, and 73 (39%) of these patients had VC<23 μmol/L(VCD. When comparing patients with VCD to patients without VCD, the ML algorithms identified a higher risk of VCD in patients deficient in vitamin B1, D, calcium, potassium, iron, and blood indices. ML models reached 70% accuracy. Applied to the testing sample, a "true" VCD prevalence of ~20% was predicted, among whom ~33% had scurvy levels (VC<11 μmol/L). CONCLUSION Our models suggest a much higher level of patients have VCD than is reflected in the literature. This indicates a high proportion of patients remain potentially undiagnosed for VCD and are thus at risk for postoperative morbidity and mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie M Parrott
- Temple University Health System, 7600 Centrail Avenue, Philadelphia, PA, 19111, USA.
- Departmet of Clinical and Preventive Nutrition Sciences, Rutgers University, 65 Bergen Street, Suite 120, Newark, NJ, 07107-1709, USA.
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Wellbeing, The University of Sunderland, Edinburg Building, City Campus, Chester Road, Sunderland, SR1 3SD, UK.
| | - Austen J Parrott
- The Child Center of NY, 118-35 Queens Boulevard, 6th Floor, Forest Hills, New York, NY, 11375, USA
| | - Armaun D Rouhi
- Department of Surgery, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - J Scott Parrott
- School of Health Professions, Rutgers Biomedical and Health Sciences, Reserach Tower, 836B, 675 Hoes Lane West, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Kristoffel R Dumon
- Penn Metabolic and Bariatic Surgery and Gastrointestinal Surgery, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
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Chen OCW, Siebel S, Colaco A, Nicoli ER, Platt N, Shepherd D, Newman S, Armitage AE, Farhat NY, Seligmann G, Smith C, Smith DA, Abdul-Sada A, Jeyakumar M, Drakesmith H, Porter FD, Platt FM. Defective iron homeostasis and hematological abnormalities in Niemann-Pick disease type C1. Wellcome Open Res 2023; 7:267. [PMID: 37065726 PMCID: PMC10090865 DOI: 10.12688/wellcomeopenres.17261.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Niemann-Pick disease type C1 (NPC1) is a neurodegenerative lysosomal storage disorder characterized by the accumulation of multiple lipids in the late endosome/lysosomal system and reduced acidic store calcium. The lysosomal system regulates key aspects of iron homeostasis, which prompted us to investigate whether there are hematological abnormalities and iron metabolism defects in NPC1. Methods: Iron-related hematological parameters, systemic and tissue metal ion and relevant hormonal and proteins levels, expression of specific pro-inflammatory mediators and erythrophagocytosis were evaluated in an authentic mouse model and in a large cohort of NPC patients. Results: Significant changes in mean corpuscular volume and corpuscular hemoglobin were detected in Npc1 -/- mice from an early age. Hematocrit, red cell distribution width and hemoglobin changes were observed in late-stage disease animals. Systemic iron deficiency, increased circulating hepcidin, decreased ferritin and abnormal pro-inflammatory cytokine levels were also found. Furthermore, there is evidence of defective erythrophagocytosis in Npc1 -/- mice and in an in vitro NPC1 cellular model. Comparable hematological changes, including low normal serum iron and transferrin saturation and low cerebrospinal fluid ferritin were confirmed in NPC1 patients. Conclusions: These data suggest loss of iron homeostasis and hematological abnormalities in NPC1 may contribute to the pathophysiology of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oscar C W Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford, Oxfordshire, OX1 3QT, UK
| | - Stephan Siebel
- Division of Translational Medicine, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Alexandria Colaco
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford, Oxfordshire, OX1 3QT, UK
| | - Elena-Raluca Nicoli
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford, Oxfordshire, OX1 3QT, UK
| | - Nick Platt
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford, Oxfordshire, OX1 3QT, UK
| | - Dawn Shepherd
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford, Oxfordshire, OX1 3QT, UK
| | - Stephanie Newman
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford, Oxfordshire, OX1 3QT, UK
| | - Andrew E Armitage
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, Oxfordshire, OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Nicole Y Farhat
- Division of Translational Medicine, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - George Seligmann
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford, Oxfordshire, OX1 3QT, UK
| | - Claire Smith
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford, Oxfordshire, OX1 3QT, UK
| | - David A Smith
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford, Oxfordshire, OX1 3QT, UK
| | - Alaa Abdul-Sada
- Chemistry Department, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Brighton, Sussex, BN1 9QJ, UK
| | - Mylvaganam Jeyakumar
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford, Oxfordshire, OX1 3QT, UK
| | - Hal Drakesmith
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, Oxfordshire, OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Forbes D Porter
- Division of Translational Medicine, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Frances M Platt
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford, Oxfordshire, OX1 3QT, UK
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Peterson DF, McKibben NS, Hutchison CE, Lancaster K, Yang CJ, Dekeyser GJ, Friess DM, Schreiber MA, Willett NJ, Shatzel JJ, Aslan JE, Working ZM. Role of single-dose intravenous iron therapy for the treatment of anaemia after orthopaedic trauma: protocol for a pilot randomised controlled trial. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e069070. [PMID: 36944463 PMCID: PMC10032390 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-069070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/23/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Orthopaedic trauma and fracture care commonly cause perioperative anaemia and associated functional iron deficiency due to a systemic inflammatory state. Modern, strict transfusion thresholds leave many patients anaemic; managing this perioperative anaemia is an opportunity to impact outcomes in orthopaedic trauma surgery. The primary outcome of this pilot study is feasibility for a large randomised controlled trial (RCT) to evaluate intravenous iron therapy (IVIT) to improve patient well-being following orthopaedic injury. Measurements will include rate of participant enrolment, screening failure, follow-up, missing data, adverse events and protocol deviation. METHODS AND ANALYSIS This single-centre, pilot, double-blind RCT investigates the use of IVIT for acute blood loss anaemia in traumatically injured orthopaedic patients. Patients are randomised to receive either a single dose infusion of low-molecular weight iron dextran (1000 mg) or placebo (normal saline) postoperatively during their hospital stay for trauma management. Eligible subjects include adult patients admitted for lower extremity or pelvis operative fracture care with a haemoglobin of 7-11 g/dL within 7 days postoperatively during inpatient care. Exclusion criteria include history of intolerance to intravenous iron supplementation, active haemorrhage requiring ongoing blood product resuscitation, multiple planned procedures, pre-existing haematologic disorders or chronic inflammatory states, iron overload on screening or vulnerable populations. We follow patients for 3 months to measure the effect of iron supplementation on clinical outcomes (resolution of anaemia and functional iron deficiency), patient-reported outcomes (fatigue, physical function, depression and quality of life) and translational measures of immune cell function. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION This study has ethics approval (Oregon Health & Science University Institutional Review Board, STUDY00022441). We will disseminate the findings through peer-reviewed publications and conference presentations. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT05292001; ClinicalTrials.gov.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle F Peterson
- Orthopaedics & Rehabilitation, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Natasha S McKibben
- Orthopaedics & Rehabilitation, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Catherine E Hutchison
- Orthopaedics & Rehabilitation, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Karalynn Lancaster
- Orthopaedics & Rehabilitation, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Chih Jen Yang
- Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Graham J Dekeyser
- Orthopaedics & Rehabilitation, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Darin M Friess
- Orthopaedics & Rehabilitation, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Martin A Schreiber
- Critical Care and Acute Care Surgery, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Nick J Willett
- Bioengineering, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, USA
| | - Joseph J Shatzel
- Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Joseph E Aslan
- Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Zachary M Working
- Orthopaedics & Rehabilitation, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
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Khalil MKN, Abd Razak MA, Tahir FA, Sahril N, Shahein NA, Rezali MS, Adnan MAA, Liew SH, Ab Wahab N, Shamsuddin N, Kassim MSA. Prevalence and Risk Factors of Anaemia among Orang Asli Children in Malaysia: A Scoping Review. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15061493. [PMID: 36986223 PMCID: PMC10053598 DOI: 10.3390/nu15061493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anaemia continues to be a global public health burden affecting all age groups, particularly children. Indigenous people, including the Orang Asli (OA) population in Malaysia, are at risk of anaemia due to the vast disparities in social determinants of health in their population compared to the non-indigenous population. OBJECTIVES This review aimed to identify the prevalence and risk factors of anaemia among OA children in Malaysia and analyse the knowledge gaps. METHODS A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, Cochrane Library, Scopus and Google Scholar databases. This review followed Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for scoping reviews (PRISMA-ScR) guidelines. RESULTS This review identified six studies involving the participation of OA children from eight subtribes residing in Peninsular Malaysia. The overall prevalence of anaemia among OA children ranged from 21.6 to 80.0%, with iron deficiency anaemia prevalence at 34.0%. The risk factors of anaemia among OA children reported from one study in this review were being younger than ten years old children (AOR 2.11 (95% CI 1.23, 3.63)) and moderate to heavy Ascaris infections (AOR 2.05 (95% CI 1.12, 3.76)). There was no data from OA children from certain age groups and subtribes. Additionally, there is a paucity of data on risk factors for anaemia among OA children from the currently available evidence. CONCLUSION The prevalence of anaemia among OA children poses a moderate to severe public health concern. Therefore, more comprehensive studies in the future are needed to address the gaps identified in this review, primarily regarding anaemia risk factors. This data would encourage policymakers in devising effective national prevention strategies to improve morbidity and mortality among OA children in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mohamad Aznuddin Abd Razak
- Centre for Family Health Research, Institute for Public Health, Ministry of Health, Shah Alam 40170, Malaysia
| | - Fatin Athirah Tahir
- Centre for Family Health Research, Institute for Public Health, Ministry of Health, Shah Alam 40170, Malaysia
| | - Norhafizah Sahril
- Centre for Family Health Research, Institute for Public Health, Ministry of Health, Shah Alam 40170, Malaysia
| | - Nik Adilah Shahein
- Centre for Family Health Research, Institute for Public Health, Ministry of Health, Shah Alam 40170, Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Solihin Rezali
- Centre for Family Health Research, Institute for Public Health, Ministry of Health, Shah Alam 40170, Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Azri Adam Adnan
- Centre for Family Health Research, Institute for Public Health, Ministry of Health, Shah Alam 40170, Malaysia
| | - Siaw Hun Liew
- Centre for Family Health Research, Institute for Public Health, Ministry of Health, Shah Alam 40170, Malaysia
| | - Nor'ain Ab Wahab
- Centre for Family Health Research, Institute for Public Health, Ministry of Health, Shah Alam 40170, Malaysia
| | - Norliza Shamsuddin
- Centre for Family Health Research, Institute for Public Health, Ministry of Health, Shah Alam 40170, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Shaiful Azlan Kassim
- Centre for Family Health Research, Institute for Public Health, Ministry of Health, Shah Alam 40170, Malaysia
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Rai RK, Shinde S, De Neve JW, Fawzi WW. Predictors of Incidence and Remission of Anemia among Never-Married Adolescents Aged 10-19 Years: A Population-Based Prospective Longitudinal Study in India. Curr Dev Nutr 2023; 7:100031. [PMID: 37181932 PMCID: PMC10111602 DOI: 10.1016/j.cdnut.2023.100031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Dynamics of the anemia burden among Indian adolescents are poorly understood because of a lack of population-based longitudinal data. Objectives To examine the burden of anemia among never-married adolescents aged 10-19 y from the states of Bihar and Uttar Pradesh, India, and a wide range of predictors of its incidence and remission. Methods A sample of 3279 adolescents (male: 1787 and female: 1492) aged 10-19 y were included from baseline (2015-2016) and follow-up (2018-2019) surveys of the UDAYA (Understanding the Lives of Adolescents and Young Adults) project in India. In 2018-2019, all new cases of anemia were considered as incidence, whereas a return to the nonanemic status from being anemic in 2015-2016 was considered remission. Univariate and multivariable modified Poisson regression models with robust error variance were deployed to attain the study objective. Results The crude prevalence of anemia among males decreased from 33.9% (95% CI: 30.7%-37.3%) in 2015-2016 to 31.6% (95% CI: 28.6%-34.7%) in 2018-2019 but increased among females from 57.7% (95% CI: 53.5%-61.7%) in 2015-2016 to 63.8% (95% CI: 59.9%-67.5%) in 2018-2019. Anemia incidence was estimated to be 33.7% (95% CI: 30.3%-37.2%), whereas nearly 38.5% (95% CI: 35.1%-42.1%) of adolescents experienced remission of anemia. Older adolescents (aged 15-19 y) were less likely to experience anemia incidence. Consumption of eggs daily or weekly was negatively associated with anemia incidence compared with occasional or never consumption. Females had a higher risk of experiencing an incidence of anemia and decreased risk of experiencing anemia remission. The likelihood of adolescents experiencing anemia increased with an increased patient health questionnaire score. Household size was also associated with an increased risk of anemia incidence. Conclusions Interventions that are sensitive to socio-demographic factors and encouraging access to mental health services and nutritious food consumption could be helpful in further anemia mitigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh Kumar Rai
- Society for Health and Demographic Surveillance, Suri, West Bengal, India
- Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Economics, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Lower Saxony, Germany
- Centre for Modern Indian Studies, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Lower Saxony, Germany
| | - Sachin Shinde
- Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Center for Inquiry into Mental Health, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Jan-Walter De Neve
- Heidelberg Institute of Global Health, Medical Faculty and University Hospital, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
| | - Wafaie W. Fawzi
- Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
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Hamilton F, Mitchell R, Ahmed H, Ghazal P, Timpson NJ. An observational and Mendelian randomisation study on iron status and sepsis. Sci Rep 2023; 13:2867. [PMID: 36808173 PMCID: PMC9938246 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-29641-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Iron deficiency is associated with a substantial burden of morbidity. However, supplementation of iron has been linked to increased rates of serious infection in randomised trials of children in sub-Saharan Africa. Randomised trials in other settings have been inconclusive and it is unknown if changes in levels of iron biomarkers are linked to sepsis in these other settings. We used genetic variants associated with levels of iron biomarkers as instrumental variables in a Mendelian randomisation (MR) analysis to test the hypothesis that increasing levels of iron biomarkers increase the risk of sepsis. In observational and MR analyses we found that increases in iron biomarkers increase the odds of sepsis. In stratified analyses, we show that this risk may be larger in those with iron deficiency and/or anaemia. Taken together, results here suggest a required caution in supplementation of iron and underline the role of iron homeostasis in severe infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fergus Hamilton
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Oakfield House, Oakfield Grove, Bristol, BS8 2BN, UK.
- Infection Sciences, North Bristol NHS Trust, Bristol, UK.
| | - Ruth Mitchell
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Oakfield House, Oakfield Grove, Bristol, BS8 2BN, UK
| | - Haroon Ahmed
- Division of Population Medicine, Cardiff University Medical School, Cardiff, UK
| | - Peter Ghazal
- System Immunity Research Institute, Division of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Nicholas J Timpson
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Oakfield House, Oakfield Grove, Bristol, BS8 2BN, UK
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O’Mahony D, Mabunda SA, Mntonintshi M, Iruedo J, Kaswa R, Blanco-Blanco E, Ogunsanwo B, Namugenyi KAF, Vasaikar S, Yogeswaran P. Causes of Moderate and Severe Anaemia in a High-HIV and TB-Prevalent Adult Population in the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2023; 20:3584. [PMID: 36834279 PMCID: PMC9966846 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20043584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anaemia affects one in four adults in South Africa, with a higher prevalence in persons with HIV and tuberculosis. The aim of this study is to characterise the causes of anaemia in primary care and a district hospital setting. METHODS A cross-sectional study design investigated a purposive sample of adult males and non-pregnant females at two community health centres and a hospital casualty and outpatients. Fingerpick blood haemoglobin was measured with HemoCueHb201+. Those with moderate and severe anaemia underwent clinical examination and laboratory tests. RESULTS Of 1327 patients screened, median age was 48 years, and 63.5% were female. Of 471 (35.5%) with moderate and severe anaemia on HemoCue, 55.2% had HIV, 16.6% tuberculosis, 5.9% chronic kidney disease, 2.6% cancer, and 1.3% heart failure. Laboratory testing confirmed 227 (48.2%) with moderate and 111 (23.6%) with severe anaemia, of whom 72.3% had anaemia of inflammation, 26.5% iron-deficiency anaemia, 6.1% folate deficiency, and 2.5% vitamin B12 deficiency. Overall, 57.5% had two or more causes of anaemia. Multivariate modelling showed that patients with severe anaemia were three times more likely to have tuberculosis (OR = 3.1, 95% CI = 1.5-6.5; p-value = 0.002). Microcytosis was present in 40.5% with iron deficiency, macrocytosis in 22.2% with folate deficiency, and 33.3% with vitamin B12 deficiency. The sensitivities of the reticulocyte haemoglobin content and % hypochromic red blood cells in diagnosing iron deficiency were 34.7% and 29.7%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS HIV, iron deficiency, and tuberculosis were the most prevalent causes of moderate and severe anaemia. The majority had multiple causes. Iron, folate, and vitamin B12 deficiencies should be identified by biochemical testing rather than by red cell volume.
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Affiliation(s)
- Don O’Mahony
- Department of Family Medicine and Rural Health, Walter Sisulu University, Mthatha 5117, South Africa
| | - Sikhumbuzo A. Mabunda
- School of Population Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, Australia
- George Institute for Global Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2042, Australia
- Department of Public Health, Walter Sisulu University, Mthatha 5117, South Africa
| | - Mbulelo Mntonintshi
- Department of Family Medicine and Rural Health, Walter Sisulu University, Mthatha 5117, South Africa
| | - Joshua Iruedo
- Department of Family Medicine and Rural Health, Walter Sisulu University, Mthatha 5117, South Africa
| | - Ramprakash Kaswa
- Department of Family Medicine and Rural Health, Walter Sisulu University, Mthatha 5117, South Africa
| | - Ernesto Blanco-Blanco
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Walter Sisulu University, Mthatha 5100, South Africa
| | - Basil Ogunsanwo
- Department of Surgery, Walter Sisulu University, Mthatha 5117, South Africa
| | | | - Sandeep Vasaikar
- Department of Microbiology, Walter Sisulu University, Mthatha 5117, South Africa
| | - Parimalaranie Yogeswaran
- Department of Family Medicine and Rural Health, Walter Sisulu University, Mthatha 5117, South Africa
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