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Le VV, Tran QG, Ko SR, Oh HM, Ahn CY. Insights into cyanobacterial blooms through the lens of omics. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 934:173028. [PMID: 38723963 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
Cyanobacteria are oxygen-producing photosynthetic bacteria that convert carbon dioxide into biomass upon exposure to sunlight. However, favorable conditions cause harmful cyanobacterial blooms (HCBs), which are the dense accumulation of biomass at the water surface or subsurface, posing threats to freshwater ecosystems and human health. Understanding the mechanisms underlying cyanobacterial bloom formation is crucial for effective management. In this regard, recent advancements in omics technologies have provided valuable insights into HCBs, which have raised expectations to develop more effective control methods in the near future. This literature review aims to present the genomic architecture, adaptive mechanisms, microbial interactions, and ecological impacts of HCBs through the lens of omics. Genomic analysis indicates that the genome plasticity of cyanobacteria has enabled their resilience and effective adaptation to environmental changes. Transcriptomic investigations have revealed that cyanobacteria use various strategies for adapting to environmental stress. Additionally, metagenomic and metatranscriptomic analyses have emphasized the significant role of the microbial community in regulating HCBs. Finally, we offer perspectives on potential opportunities for further research in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ve Van Le
- Cell factory Research Centre, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology, 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | | | - So-Ra Ko
- Cell factory Research Centre, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology, 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Mock Oh
- Cell factory Research Centre, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology, 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea; Department of Environmental Biotechnology, KRIBB School of Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Chi-Yong Ahn
- Cell factory Research Centre, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology, 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea; Department of Environmental Biotechnology, KRIBB School of Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea.
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2
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Wolyniak MJ, Frazier RH, Gemborys PK, Loehr HE. Malate dehydrogenase: a story of diverse evolutionary radiation. Essays Biochem 2024:EBC20230076. [PMID: 38813783 DOI: 10.1042/ebc20230076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
Malate dehydrogenase (MDH) is a ubiquitous enzyme involved in cellular respiration across all domains of life. MDH's ubiquity allows it to act as an excellent model for considering the history of life and how the rise of aerobic respiration and eukaryogenesis influenced this evolutionary process. Here, we present the diversity of the MDH family of enzymes across bacteria, archaea, and eukarya, the relationship between MDH and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in the formation of a protein superfamily, and the connections between MDH and endosymbiosis in the formation of mitochondria and chloroplasts. The development of novel and powerful DNA sequencing techniques has challenged some of the conventional wisdom underlying MDH evolution and suggests a history dominated by gene duplication, horizontal gene transfer, and cryptic endosymbiosis events and adaptation to a diverse range of environments across all domains of life over evolutionary time. The data also suggest a superfamily of proteins that do not share high levels of sequential similarity but yet retain strong conservation of core function via key amino acid residues and secondary structural components. As DNA sequencing and 'big data' analysis techniques continue to improve in the life sciences, it is likely that the story of MDH will continue to refine as more examples of superfamily diversity are recovered from nature and analyzed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Wolyniak
- Department of Biology, Hampden-Sydney College, Hampden-Sydney, VA 23943, U.S.A
| | - Robert H Frazier
- Department of Biology, Hampden-Sydney College, Hampden-Sydney, VA 23943, U.S.A
| | - Peter K Gemborys
- Department of Biology, Hampden-Sydney College, Hampden-Sydney, VA 23943, U.S.A
| | - Henry E Loehr
- Department of Biology, Hampden-Sydney College, Hampden-Sydney, VA 23943, U.S.A
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3
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Gevin M, Latifi A, Talla E. The modular architecture of sigma factors in cyanobacteria: a framework to assess their diversity and understand their evolution. BMC Genomics 2024; 25:512. [PMID: 38783209 PMCID: PMC11119718 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-024-10415-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bacterial RNA polymerase holoenzyme requires sigma70 factors to start transcription by identifying promoter elements. Cyanobacteria possess multiple sigma70 factors to adapt to a wide variety of ecological niches. These factors are grouped into two categories: primary sigma factor initiates transcription of housekeeping genes during normal growth conditions, while alternative sigma factors initiate transcription of specific genes under particular conditions. However, the present classification does not consider the modular organization of their structural domains, introducing therefore multiple functional and structural biases. A comprehensive analysis of this protein family in cyanobacteria is needed to address these limitations. RESULTS We investigated the structure and evolution of sigma70 factors in cyanobacteria, analyzing their modular architecture and variation among unicellular, filamentous, and heterocyst-forming morphotypes. 4,193 sigma70 homologs were found with 59 distinct modular patterns, including six essential and 29 accessory domains, such as DUF6596. 90% of cyanobacteria typically have 5 to 17 sigma70 homologs and this number likely depends on the strain morphotype, the taxonomic order and the genome size. We classified sigma70 factors into 12 clans and 36 families. According to taxonomic orders and phenotypic traits, the number of homologs within the 14 main families was variable, with the A.1 family including the primary sigma factor since this family was found in all cyanobacterial species. The A.1, A.5, C.1, E.1, J.1, and K.1 families were found to be key sigma families that distinguish heterocyst-forming strains. To explain the diversification and evolution of sigma70, we propose an evolutionary scenario rooted in the diversification of a common ancestor of the A1 family. This scenario is characterized by evolutionary events including domain losses, gains, insertions, and modifications. The high occurrence of the DUF6596 domain in bacterial sigma70 proteins, and its association with the highest prevalence observed in Actinobacteria, suggests that this domain might be important for sigma70 function. It also implies that the domain could have emerged in Actinobacteria and been transferred through horizontal gene transfer. CONCLUSION Our analysis provides detailed insights into the modular domain architecture of sigma70, introducing a novel robust classification. It also proposes an evolutionary scenario explaining their diversity across different taxonomical orders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marine Gevin
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie Bactérienne, LCB, IMM, Marseille, France
| | - Amel Latifi
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie Bactérienne, LCB, IMM, Marseille, France.
| | - Emmanuel Talla
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie Bactérienne, LCB, IMM, Marseille, France.
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4
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Boden JS, Zhong J, Anderson RE, Stüeken EE. Timing the evolution of phosphorus-cycling enzymes through geological time using phylogenomics. Nat Commun 2024; 15:3703. [PMID: 38697988 PMCID: PMC11066067 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47914-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Phosphorus plays a crucial role in controlling biological productivity, but geological estimates of phosphate concentrations in the Precambrian ocean, during life's origin and early evolution, vary over several orders of magnitude. While reduced phosphorus species may have served as alternative substrates to phosphate, their bioavailability on the early Earth remains unknown. Here, we reconstruct the phylogenomic record of life on Earth and find that phosphate transporting genes (pnas) evolved in the Paleoarchean (ca. 3.6-3.2 Ga) and are consistent with phosphate concentrations above modern levels ( > 3 µM). The first gene optimized for low phosphate levels (pstS; <1 µM) appeared around the same time or in the Mesoarchean depending on the reconstruction method. Most enzymatic pathways for metabolising reduced phosphorus emerged and expanded across the tree of life later. This includes phosphonate-catabolising CP-lyases, phosphite-oxidising pathways and hypophosphite-oxidising pathways. CP-lyases are particularly abundant in dissolved phosphate concentrations below 0.1 µM. Our results thus indicate at least local regions of declining phosphate levels through the Archean, possibly linked to phosphate-scavenging Fe(III), which may have limited productivity. However, reduced phosphorus species did not become widely used until after the Paleoproterozoic Great Oxidation Event (2.3 Ga), possibly linked to expansion of the biosphere at that time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanne S Boden
- School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of St. Andrews, Bute Building, Queen's terrace, St. Andrews, Fife, United Kingdom.
| | - Juntao Zhong
- Department of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Rika E Anderson
- Department of Biology, Carleton College, Northfield, MN, USA
| | - Eva E Stüeken
- School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of St. Andrews, Bute Building, Queen's terrace, St. Andrews, Fife, United Kingdom
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5
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Hancock TL, Dahedl EK, Kratz MA, Urakawa H. The synchronicity of bloom-forming cyanobacteria transcription patterns and hydrogen peroxide dynamics. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 348:123812. [PMID: 38527584 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
Hydrogen peroxide is a reactive oxygen species (ROS) naturally occurring at low levels in aquatic environments and production varies widely across different ecosystems. Oxygenic photosynthesis generates hydrogen peroxide as a byproduct, of which some portion can be released to ambient water. However, few studies have examined hydrogen peroxide dynamics in relation to cyanobacterial harmful algal blooms (cHABs). A year-long investigation of algal succession and hydrogen peroxide dynamics was conducted at the Caloosahatchee River, Florida, USA. We aimed to identify potential biological mechanisms responsible for elevated hydrogen peroxide production during cHAB events through the exploration of the freshwater microbial metatranscriptome. Hydrogen peroxide concentrations were elevated from February to September of 2021 when cyanobacteria were active and abundant. We observed one Microcystis cHAB event in spring and one in winter. Both had distinct nutrient uptake and cyanotoxin gene expression patterns. While meaningful levels of microcystin were only detected during periods of elevated hydrogen peroxide, cyanopeptolin was by far the most expressed cyanotoxin during the spring bloom when hydrogen peroxide was at its yearly maxima. Gene expressions of five microbial enzymes (Rubisco, superoxide dismutase, cytochrome b559, pyruvate oxidase, and NADH dehydrogenase) positively correlated to hydrogen peroxide concentrations. Additionally, there was higher nitrogen-fixing gene (nifDKH) expression by filamentous cyanobacteria after the spring bloom but no secondary bloom formation occurred. Overall, elevated environmental hydrogen peroxide concentrations were linked to cyanobacterial dominance and greater expression of specific enzymes in the photosynthesis of cyanobacteria. This implicates cyanobacterial photosynthesis and growth results in increased hydrogen peroxide generation as reflected in measured environmental concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taylor L Hancock
- School of Geosciences, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, 33620, USA; Department of Ecology and Environmental Studies, Florida Gulf Coast University, Fort Myers, Florida, USA
| | - Elizabeth K Dahedl
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Studies, Florida Gulf Coast University, Fort Myers, Florida, USA
| | - Michael A Kratz
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Studies, Florida Gulf Coast University, Fort Myers, Florida, USA
| | - Hidetoshi Urakawa
- School of Geosciences, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, 33620, USA; Department of Ecology and Environmental Studies, Florida Gulf Coast University, Fort Myers, Florida, USA.
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6
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Stirbet A, Guo Y, Lazár D, Govindjee G. From leaf to multiscale models of photosynthesis: applications and challenges for crop improvement. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2024:10.1007/s11120-024-01083-9. [PMID: 38619700 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-024-01083-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
To keep up with the growth of human population and to circumvent deleterious effects of global climate change, it is essential to enhance crop yield to achieve higher production. Here we review mathematical models of oxygenic photosynthesis that are extensively used, and discuss in depth a subset that accounts for diverse approaches providing solutions to our objective. These include models (1) to study different ways to enhance photosynthesis, such as fine-tuning antenna size, photoprotection and electron transport; (2) to bioengineer carbon metabolism; and (3) to evaluate the interactions between the process of photosynthesis and the seasonal crop dynamics, or those that have included statistical whole-genome prediction methods to quantify the impact of photosynthesis traits on the improvement of crop yield. We conclude by emphasizing that the results obtained in these studies clearly demonstrate that mathematical modelling is a key tool to examine different approaches to improve photosynthesis for better productivity, while effective multiscale crop models, especially those that also include remote sensing data, are indispensable to verify different strategies to obtain maximized crop yields.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ya Guo
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Process Control for Light Industry, Ministry of Education Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Dušan Lazár
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Science, Palacký Univesity, Šlechtitelů 27, 78371, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Govindjee Govindjee
- Department of Biochemistry, Department of Plant Biology, and the Center of Biophysics & Quantitative Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.
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7
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Yamasaki H, Itoh RD, Mizumoto KB, Yoshida YS, Otaki JM, Cohen MF. Spatiotemporal Characteristics Determining the Multifaceted Nature of Reactive Oxygen, Nitrogen, and Sulfur Species in Relation to Proton Homeostasis. Antioxid Redox Signal 2024. [PMID: 38407968 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2023.0544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Significance: Reactive oxygen species (ROS), reactive nitrogen species (RNS), and reactive sulfur species (RSS) act as signaling molecules, regulating gene expression, enzyme activity, and physiological responses. However, excessive amounts of these molecular species can lead to deleterious effects, causing cellular damage and death. This dual nature of ROS, RNS, and RSS presents an intriguing conundrum that calls for a new paradigm. Recent Advances: Recent advancements in the study of photosynthesis have offered significant insights at the molecular level and with high temporal resolution into how the photosystem II oxygen-evolving complex manages to prevent harmful ROS production during the water-splitting process. These findings suggest that a dynamic spatiotemporal arrangement of redox reactions, coupled with strict regulation of proton transfer, is crucial for minimizing unnecessary ROS formation. Critical Issues: To better understand the multifaceted nature of these reactive molecular species in biology, it is worth considering a more holistic view that combines ecological and evolutionary perspectives on ROS, RNS, and RSS. By integrating spatiotemporal perspectives into global, cellular, and biochemical events, we discuss local pH or proton availability as a critical determinant associated with the generation and action of ROS, RNS, and RSS in biological systems. Future Directions: The concept of localized proton availability will not only help explain the multifaceted nature of these ubiquitous simple molecules in diverse systems but also provide a basis for new therapeutic strategies to manage and manipulate these reactive species in neural disorders, pathogenic diseases, and antiaging efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideo Yamasaki
- Faculty of Science, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Ryuuichi D Itoh
- Faculty of Science, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan
| | | | - Yuki S Yoshida
- Faculty of Science, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Joji M Otaki
- Faculty of Science, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Michael F Cohen
- University of California Cooperative Extension, Santa Clara County, San Jose, California, USA
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8
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Srivastava R, Singh N, Kanda T, Yadav S, Yadav S, Atri N. Cyanobacterial Proteomics: Diversity and Dynamics. J Proteome Res 2024. [PMID: 38470568 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.3c00779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
Cyanobacteria (oxygenic photoautrophs) comprise a diverse group holding significance both environmentally and for biotechnological applications. The utilization of proteomic techniques has significantly influenced investigations concerning cyanobacteria. Application of proteomics allows for large-scale analysis of protein expression and function within cyanobacterial systems. The cyanobacterial proteome exhibits tremendous functional, spatial, and temporal diversity regulated by multiple factors that continuously modify protein abundance, post-translational modifications, interactions, localization, and activity to meet the dynamic needs of these tiny blue greens. Modern mass spectrometry-based proteomics techniques enable system-wide examination of proteome complexity through global identification and high-throughput quantification of proteins. These powerful approaches have revolutionized our understanding of proteome dynamics and promise to provide novel insights into integrated cellular behavior at an unprecedented scale. In this Review, we present modern methods and cutting-edge technologies employed for unraveling the spatiotemporal diversity and dynamics of cyanobacterial proteomics with a specific focus on the methods used to analyze post-translational modifications (PTMs) and examples of dynamic changes in the cyanobacterial proteome investigated by proteomic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nidhi Singh
- Department of Botany, M.M.V., Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Tripti Kanda
- Department of Botany, M.M.V., Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Sadhana Yadav
- Department of Botany, M.M.V., Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Shivam Yadav
- Department of Botany, University of Allahabad, Allahabad 211002, India
| | - Neelam Atri
- Department of Botany, M.M.V., Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
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9
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Bozdag GO, Szeinbaum N, Conlin PL, Chen K, Fos SM, Garcia A, Penev PI, Schaible GA, Trubl G. Chapter 5: Major Biological Innovations in the History of Life on Earth. ASTROBIOLOGY 2024; 24:S107-S123. [PMID: 38498818 PMCID: PMC11071111 DOI: 10.1089/ast.2021.0119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
All organisms living on Earth descended from a single, common ancestral population of cells, known as LUCA-the last universal common ancestor. Since its emergence, the diversity and complexity of life have increased dramatically. This chapter focuses on four key biological innovations throughout Earth's history that had a significant impact on the expansion of phylogenetic diversity, organismal complexity, and ecospace habitation. First is the emergence of the last universal common ancestor, LUCA, which laid the foundation for all life-forms on Earth. Second is the evolution of oxygenic photosynthesis, which resulted in global geochemical and biological transformations. Third is the appearance of a new type of cell-the eukaryotic cell-which led to the origin of a new domain of life and the basis for complex multicellularity. Fourth is the multiple independent origins of multicellularity, resulting in the emergence of a new level of complex individuality. A discussion of these four key events will improve our understanding of the intertwined history of our planet and its inhabitants and better inform the extent to which we can expect life at different degrees of diversity and complexity elsewhere.
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Affiliation(s)
- G. Ozan Bozdag
- School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Nadia Szeinbaum
- School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Peter L. Conlin
- School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Kimberly Chen
- School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Santiago Mestre Fos
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Amanda Garcia
- Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Petar I. Penev
- School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - George A. Schaible
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana, USA
| | - Gareth Trubl
- Physical and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California, USA
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10
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Schaible MJ, Szeinbaum N, Bozdag GO, Chou L, Grefenstette N, Colón-Santos S, Rodriguez LE, Styczinski MJ, Thweatt JL, Todd ZR, Vázquez-Salazar A, Adams A, Araújo MN, Altair T, Borges S, Burton D, Campillo-Balderas JA, Cangi EM, Caro T, Catalano E, Chen K, Conlin PL, Cooper ZS, Fisher TM, Fos SM, Garcia A, Glaser DM, Harman CE, Hermis NY, Hooks M, Johnson-Finn K, Lehmer O, Hernández-Morales R, Hughson KHG, Jácome R, Jia TZ, Marlow JJ, McKaig J, Mierzejewski V, Muñoz-Velasco I, Nural C, Oliver GC, Penev PI, Raj CG, Roche TP, Sabuda MC, Schaible GA, Sevgen S, Sinhadc P, Steller LH, Stelmach K, Tarnas J, Tavares F, Trubl G, Vidaurri M, Vincent L, Weber JM, Weng MM, Wilpiszeki RL, Young A. Chapter 1: The Astrobiology Primer 3.0. ASTROBIOLOGY 2024; 24:S4-S39. [PMID: 38498816 DOI: 10.1089/ast.2021.0129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
The Astrobiology Primer 3.0 (ABP3.0) is a concise introduction to the field of astrobiology for students and others who are new to the field of astrobiology. It provides an entry into the broader materials in this supplementary issue of Astrobiology and an overview of the investigations and driving hypotheses that make up this interdisciplinary field. The content of this chapter was adapted from the other 10 articles in this supplementary issue and thus represents the contribution of all the authors who worked on these introductory articles. The content of this chapter is not exhaustive and represents the topics that the authors found to be the most important and compelling in a dynamic and changing field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Micah J Schaible
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Nadia Szeinbaum
- School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - G Ozan Bozdag
- School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Luoth Chou
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland, USA
- Center for Space Sciences and Technology, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Georgetown University, Washington DC, USA
| | - Natalie Grefenstette
- Santa Fe Institute, Santa Fe, New Mexico, USA
- Blue Marble Space Institute of Science, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Stephanie Colón-Santos
- Wisconsin Institute for Discovery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Wisconsin, USA
- Department of Botany, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Laura E Rodriguez
- Lunar and Planetary Institute, Universities Space Research Association, Houston, Texas, USA
- NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, USA
| | - M J Styczinski
- NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, USA
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Jennifer L Thweatt
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Penn State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Zoe R Todd
- Department of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Alberto Vázquez-Salazar
- Departamento de Biología Evolutiva, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Alyssa Adams
- Center for Space Sciences and Technology, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - M N Araújo
- Biochemistry Department, University of São Paulo, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Thiago Altair
- Institute of Chemistry of São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, São Carlos, Brazil
- Department of Chemistry, College of the Atlantic, Bar Harbor, Maine, USA
| | | | - Dana Burton
- Department of Anthropology, George Washington University, Washington DC, USA
| | | | - Eryn M Cangi
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - Tristan Caro
- Department of Geological Sciences, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - Enrico Catalano
- Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies, The BioRobotics Institute, Pisa, Italy
| | - Kimberly Chen
- School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Peter L Conlin
- School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Z S Cooper
- Department of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Theresa M Fisher
- School of Earth and Space Exploration, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA
| | - Santiago Mestre Fos
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Amanda Garcia
- Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - D M Glaser
- Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA
| | - Chester E Harman
- Departamento de Biología Evolutiva, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Ninos Y Hermis
- NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, USA
- Department of Physics and Space Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - M Hooks
- NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - K Johnson-Finn
- Earth-Life Science Institute, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York, USA
| | - Owen Lehmer
- Department of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Ricardo Hernández-Morales
- Departamento de Biología Evolutiva, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Kynan H G Hughson
- School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Rodrigo Jácome
- Departamento de Biología Evolutiva, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Tony Z Jia
- Blue Marble Space Institute of Science, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Earth-Life Science Institute, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jeffrey J Marlow
- Department of Biology, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jordan McKaig
- School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Veronica Mierzejewski
- School of Earth and Space Exploration, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA
| | - Israel Muñoz-Velasco
- Departamento de Biología Evolutiva, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Ceren Nural
- Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Gina C Oliver
- Department of Geology, San Bernardino Valley College, San Bernardino, California, USA
| | - Petar I Penev
- School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Chinmayee Govinda Raj
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Tyler P Roche
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Mary C Sabuda
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
- Biotechnology Institute, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA
| | - George A Schaible
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana, USA
| | - Serhat Sevgen
- Blue Marble Space Institute of Science, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Institute of Marine Sciences, Middle East Technical University, Erdemli, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Pritvik Sinhadc
- BEYOND: Center For Fundamental Concepts in Science, Arizona State University, Arizona, USA
- Dubai College, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Luke H Steller
- Australian Centre for Astrobiology, and School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Kensington, Australia
| | - Kamil Stelmach
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - J Tarnas
- NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, USA
| | - Frank Tavares
- Space Enabled Research Group, MIT Media Lab, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Gareth Trubl
- Physical and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California, USA
| | - Monica Vidaurri
- Center for Space Sciences and Technology, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Howard University, Washington DC, USA
| | - Lena Vincent
- Wisconsin Institute for Discovery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Jessica M Weber
- NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, USA
| | | | | | - Amber Young
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland, USA
- Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, Arizona, USA
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11
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Jia K, Yang M, Liu X, Zhang Q, Cao G, Ge F, Zhao J. Deciphering the structure, function, and mechanism of lysine acetyltransferase cGNAT2 in cyanobacteria. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 194:634-661. [PMID: 37770070 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiad509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Lysine acetylation is a conserved regulatory posttranslational protein modification that is performed by lysine acetyltransferases (KATs). By catalyzing the transfer of acetyl groups to substrate proteins, KATs play critical regulatory roles in all domains of life; however, no KATs have yet been identified in cyanobacteria. Here, we tested all predicted KATs in the cyanobacterium Synechococcus sp. PCC 7002 (Syn7002) and demonstrated that A1596, which we named cyanobacterial Gcn5-related N-acetyltransferase (cGNAT2), can catalyze lysine acetylation in vivo and in vitro. Eight amino acid residues were identified as the key residues in the putative active site of cGNAT2, as indicated by structural simulation and site-directed mutagenesis. The loss of cGNAT2 altered both growth and photosynthetic electron transport in Syn7002. In addition, quantitative analysis of the lysine acetylome identified 548 endogenous substrates of cGNAT2 in Syn7002. We further demonstrated that cGNAT2 can acetylate NAD(P)H dehydrogenase J (NdhJ) in vivo and in vitro, with the inability to acetylate K89 residues, thus decreasing NdhJ activity and affecting both growth and electron transport in Syn7002. In summary, this study identified a KAT in cyanobacteria and revealed that cGNAT2 regulates growth and photosynthesis in Syn7002 through an acetylation-mediated mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
- College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Mingkun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
- College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
- School of Animal Science and Nutritional Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
- College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Gaoxiang Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
- College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Feng Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
- College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jindong Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
- State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Genetic Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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12
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Gong H, Zhou Z, Bu C, Zhang D, Fang Q, Zhang XY, Song Y. Computational dissection of genetic variation modulating the response of multiple photosynthetic phenotypes to the light environment. BMC Genomics 2024; 25:81. [PMID: 38243219 PMCID: PMC10799405 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-024-09968-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The expression of biological traits is modulated by genetics as well as the environment, and the level of influence exerted by the latter may vary across characteristics. Photosynthetic traits in plants are complex quantitative traits that are regulated by both endogenous genetic factors and external environmental factors such as light intensity and CO2 concentration. The specific processes impacted occur dynamically and continuously as the growth of plants changes. Although studies have been conducted to explore the genetic regulatory mechanisms of individual photosynthetic traits or to evaluate the effects of certain environmental variables on photosynthetic traits, the systematic impact of environmental variables on the dynamic process of integrated plant growth and development has not been fully elucidated. RESULTS In this paper, we proposed a research framework to investigate the genetic mechanism of high-dimensional complex photosynthetic traits in response to the light environment at the genome level. We established a set of high-dimensional equations incorporating environmental regulators to integrate functional mapping and dynamic screening of gene‒environment complex systems to elucidate the process and pattern of intrinsic genetic regulatory mechanisms of three types of photosynthetic phenotypes of Populus simonii that varied with light intensity. Furthermore, a network structure was established to elucidate the crosstalk among significant QTLs that regulate photosynthetic phenotypic systems. Additionally, the detection of key QTLs governing the response of multiple phenotypes to the light environment, coupled with the intrinsic differences in genotype expression, provides valuable insights into the regulatory mechanisms that drive the transition of photosynthetic activity and photoprotection in the face of varying light intensity gradients. CONCLUSIONS This paper offers a comprehensive approach to unraveling the genetic architecture of multidimensional variations in photosynthetic phenotypes, considering the combined impact of integrated environmental factors from multiple perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiying Gong
- College of Science, Beijing Forestry University, No. 35, Qinghua East Road, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
| | - Ziyang Zhou
- College of Science, Beijing Forestry University, No. 35, Qinghua East Road, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
| | - Chenhao Bu
- College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, No. 35, Qinghua East Road, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
| | - Deqiang Zhang
- College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, No. 35, Qinghua East Road, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
| | - Qing Fang
- Faculty of Science, Yamagata University, Yamagata, 990, Japan
| | - Xiao-Yu Zhang
- College of Science, Beijing Forestry University, No. 35, Qinghua East Road, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China.
| | - Yuepeng Song
- College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, No. 35, Qinghua East Road, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China.
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13
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Fan G, Lin Q, Lin J, Xia M, Chen S, Luo J, Zou J, Hong Z, Xu K. Effective photocatalytic inactivation of Microcystis aeruginosa by Ag 3VO 4/BiVO 4 heterojunction under visible light. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 347:140710. [PMID: 37979804 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/20/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, photocatalytic technology has been increasingly used for the treatment of algal blooms in water bodies due to its high efficiency and environmental advantages. However, conventional semiconductor materials suffer from high electron-hole recombination rate, low carrier mobility and weak surface adsorption ability, which made their photocatalytic performance limited. Therefore, the photocatalytic performance of the composites can be improved by coupling another semiconductor material to form a heterojunction to accelerate electron transfer. In this study, a novel composite Ag3VO4/BiVO4 (ABV) photocatalyst was successfully prepared by in-situ deposition method for the photocatalytic inactivation of Microcystis aeruginosa (M. aeruginosa) under visible light. The photocatalyst showed excellent photocatalytic activity, and the degradation rate of M. aeruginosa chlorophyll a was up to 99.8% within 4 h under visible light. During the photocatalytic degradation, the morphology of algae cells, the permeability of cell membrane, the organic matter inside and outside the cells, the antioxidant system and the soluble protein were seriously damaged. Moreover, three cycle experiments showed that the prepared ABV photocatalyst had high reusability. Finally, a possible mechanism of M. aeruginosa inactivation was proposed. In general, the synthesized ABV photocatalyst can effectively inactivate cyanobacteria under visible light and provided a new method for M. aeruginosa removal in water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gongduan Fan
- College of Civil Engineering, Fuzhou University, 350116 Fujian, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Storage Materials, Fuzhou University, 350002, Fujian, China
| | - Qiuan Lin
- College of Civil Engineering, Fuzhou University, 350116 Fujian, China
| | - Jiuhong Lin
- College of Civil Engineering, Fuzhou University, 350116 Fujian, China
| | - Mingqian Xia
- College of Civil Engineering, Fuzhou University, 350116 Fujian, China.
| | - Shoubin Chen
- Fuzhou City Construction Design & Research Institute Co. Ltd., 350001, Fujian, China
| | - Jing Luo
- Fujian Jinhuang Environmental Sci-Tech Co., Ltd., 350002 Fujian, China
| | - Jianyong Zou
- Anhui Urban Construction Design Institute Co. Ltd., 230051, Anhui, China
| | - Zhanglin Hong
- China Construction Third Bureau First Engineering Co. Ltd., 430040, Hubei, China
| | - Kaiqin Xu
- College of Civil Engineering, Fuzhou University, 350116 Fujian, China
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14
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Demoulin CF, Lara YJ, Lambion A, Javaux EJ. Oldest thylakoids in fossil cells directly evidence oxygenic photosynthesis. Nature 2024; 625:529-534. [PMID: 38172638 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-06896-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Today oxygenic photosynthesis is unique to cyanobacteria and their plastid relatives within eukaryotes. Although its origin before the Great Oxidation Event is still debated1-4, the accumulation of O2 profoundly modified the redox chemistry of the Earth and the evolution of the biosphere, including complex life. Understanding the diversification of cyanobacteria is thus crucial to grasping the coevolution of our planet and life, but their early fossil record remains ambiguous5. Extant cyanobacteria include the thylakoid-less Gloeobacter-like group and the remainder of cyanobacteria that acquired thylakoid membranes6,7. The timing of this divergence is indirectly estimated at between 2.7 and 2.0 billion years ago (Ga) based on molecular clocks and phylogenies8-11 and inferred from the earliest undisputed fossil record of Eoentophysalis belcherensis, a 2.018-1.854 Ga pleurocapsalean cyanobacterium preserved in silicified stromatolites12,13. Here we report the oldest direct evidence of thylakoid membranes in a parallel-to-contorted arrangement within the enigmatic cylindrical microfossils Navifusa majensis from the McDermott Formation, Tawallah Group, Australia (1.78-1.73 Ga), and in a parietal arrangement in specimens from the Grassy Bay Formation, Shaler Supergroup, Canada (1.01-0.9 Ga). This discovery extends their fossil record by at least 1.2 Ga and provides a minimum age for the divergence of thylakoid-bearing cyanobacteria at roughly 1.75 Ga. It allows the unambiguous identification of early oxygenic photosynthesizers and a new redox proxy for probing early Earth ecosystems, highlighting the importance of examining the ultrastructure of fossil cells to decipher their palaeobiology and early evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine F Demoulin
- Early Life Traces & Evolution-Astrobiology, UR Astrobiology, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium.
| | - Yannick J Lara
- Early Life Traces & Evolution-Astrobiology, UR Astrobiology, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Alexandre Lambion
- Early Life Traces & Evolution-Astrobiology, UR Astrobiology, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Emmanuelle J Javaux
- Early Life Traces & Evolution-Astrobiology, UR Astrobiology, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium.
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15
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Paper M, Jung P, Koch M, Lakatos M, Nilges T, Brück TB. Stripped: contribution of cyanobacterial extracellular polymeric substances to the adsorption of rare earth elements from aqueous solutions. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1299349. [PMID: 38173874 PMCID: PMC10762542 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1299349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
The transformation of modern industries towards enhanced sustainability is facilitated by green technologies that rely extensively on rare earth elements (REEs) such as cerium (Ce), neodymium (Nd), terbium (Tb), and lanthanum (La). The occurrence of productive mining sites, e.g., is limited, and production is often costly and environmentally harmful. As a consequence of increased utilization, REEs enter our ecosystem as industrial process water or wastewater and become highly diluted. Once diluted, they can hardly be recovered by conventional techniques, but using cyanobacterial biomass in a biosorption-based process is a promising eco-friendly approach. Cyanobacteria can produce extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) that show high affinity to metal cations. However, the adsorption of REEs by EPS has not been part of extensive research. Thus, we evaluated the role of EPS in the biosorption of Ce, Nd, Tb, and La for three terrestrial, heterocystous cyanobacterial strains. We cultivated them under N-limited and non-limited conditions and extracted their EPS for compositional analyses. Subsequently, we investigated the metal uptake of a) the extracted EPS, b) the biomass extracted from EPS, and c) the intact biomass with EPS by comparing the amount of sorbed REEs. Maximum adsorption capacities for the tested REEs of extracted EPS were 123.9-138.2 mg g-1 for Komarekiella sp. 89.12, 133.1-137.4 mg g-1 for Desmonostoc muscorum 90.03, and 103.5-129.3 mg g-1 for Nostoc sp. 20.02. A comparison of extracted biomass with intact biomass showed that 16% (Komarekiella sp. 89.12), 28% (Desmonostoc muscorum 90.03), and 41% (Nostoc sp. 20.02) of REE adsorption was due to the biosorption of the extracellular EPS. The glucose- rich EPS (15%-43% relative concentration) of all three strains grown under nitrogen-limited conditions showed significantly higher biosorption rates for all REEs. We also found a significantly higher maximum adsorption capacity of all REEs for the extracted EPS compared to cells without EPS and untreated biomass, highlighting the important role of the EPS as a binding site for REEs in the biosorption process. EPS from cyanobacteria could thus be used as efficient biosorbents in future applications for REE recycling, e.g., industrial process water and wastewater streams.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Paper
- Werner Siemens-Chair of Synthetic Biotechnology, Department of Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Garching, Germany
| | - Patrick Jung
- Integrative Biotechnology, University of Applied Sciences Kaiserslautern, Pirmasens, Germany
| | - Max Koch
- Synthesis and Characterization of Innovative Materials, Department of Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Garching, Germany
| | - Michael Lakatos
- Integrative Biotechnology, University of Applied Sciences Kaiserslautern, Pirmasens, Germany
| | - Tom Nilges
- Synthesis and Characterization of Innovative Materials, Department of Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Garching, Germany
| | - Thomas B. Brück
- Werner Siemens-Chair of Synthetic Biotechnology, Department of Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Garching, Germany
- Department of Aerospace and Geodesy, TUM AlgaeTec Center, Ludwig Bölkow Campus, Taufkirchen, Germany
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16
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Jiang HW, Wu HY, Wang CH, Yang CH, Ko JT, Ho HC, Tsai MD, Bryant DA, Li FW, Ho MC, Ho MY. A structure of the relict phycobilisome from a thylakoid-free cyanobacterium. Nat Commun 2023; 14:8009. [PMID: 38049400 PMCID: PMC10696076 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43646-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Phycobilisomes (PBS) are antenna megacomplexes that transfer energy to photosystems II and I in thylakoids. PBS likely evolved from a basic, inefficient form into the predominant hemidiscoidal shape with radiating peripheral rods. However, it has been challenging to test this hypothesis because ancestral species are generally inaccessible. Here we use spectroscopy and cryo-electron microscopy to reveal a structure of a "paddle-shaped" PBS from a thylakoid-free cyanobacterium that likely retains ancestral traits. This PBS lacks rods and specialized ApcD and ApcF subunits, indicating relict characteristics. Other features include linkers connecting two chains of five phycocyanin hexamers (CpcN) and two core subdomains (ApcH), resulting in a paddle-shaped configuration. Energy transfer calculations demonstrate that chains are less efficient than rods. These features may nevertheless have increased light absorption by elongating PBS before multilayered thylakoids with hemidiscoidal PBS evolved. Our results provide insights into the evolution and diversification of light-harvesting strategies before the origin of thylakoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han-Wei Jiang
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsiang-Yi Wu
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hsiung Wang
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Han Yang
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jui-Tse Ko
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Han-Chen Ho
- Department of Anatomy, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Daw Tsai
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Biochemical Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Donald A Bryant
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Fay-Wei Li
- Boyce Thompson Institute, Ithaca, NY, USA
- Plant Biology Section, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Meng-Chiao Ho
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Institute of Biochemical Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Graduate Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Ming-Yang Ho
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Institute of Plant Biology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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17
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Yan H, Jayasanka Senavirathna MDH. Recoverability of Microcystis aeruginosa and Pseudanabaena foetida Exposed to a Year-Long Dark Treatment. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2760. [PMID: 38004771 PMCID: PMC10672943 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11112760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Cyanobacteria are a significant primary producer and pioneer species that play a vital role in ecological reconstruction, especially in aquatic environments. Cyanobacteria have excellent recovery capacity from significant stress exposure and are thus suggested as bioreserves, even for space colonization programs. Few studies have been conducted on the recovery capacity after experiencing stress. Long-duration darkness or insufficient light is stressful for photosynthetic species, including cyanobacteria, and can cause chlorosis. Cyanobacterial recovery after extensive exposure to darkness has not yet been studied. In this experiment, Microcystis aeruginosa and Pseudanabaena foetida were subjected to a year-long darkness treatment, and the change in recovery capacity was measured in monthly samples. Cyanobacterial growth, chlorophyll-a concentration, oxidative stress, and photosynthetic capacity were evaluated. It was found that the rapid recovery capacity of the two species remained even after one year of darkness treatment. However, the H2O2 content of recovered samples of both M. aeruginosa and P. foetida experienced significant changes at six-seven months, although the photosynthetic capacity of both cyanobacteria species was maintained within the healthy range. The chlorophyll-a and carotenoid content of the recovered samples also changed with increasing darkness. The results showed that long-term dark treatment had time-dependent effects but different effects on M. aeruginosa and P. foetida. However, both cyanobacteria species can recover rapidly after one year of dark treatment.
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18
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Laux M, Piroupo CM, Setubal JC, Giani A. The Raphidiopsis (= Cylindrospermopsis) raciborskii pangenome updated: Two new metagenome-assembled genomes from the South American clade. HARMFUL ALGAE 2023; 129:102518. [PMID: 37951618 DOI: 10.1016/j.hal.2023.102518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
Two Raphidiopsis (=Cylindrospermopsis) raciborskii metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) were recovered from two freshwater metagenomic datasets sampled in 2011 and 2012 in Pampulha Lake, a hypereutrophic, artificial, shallow reservoir, located in the city of Belo Horizonte (MG), Brazil. Since the late 1970s, the lake has undergone increasing eutrophication pressure, due to wastewater input, leading to the occurrence of frequent cyanobacterial blooms. The major difference observed between PAMP2011 and PAMP2012 MAGs was the lack of the saxitoxin gene cluster in PAMP2012, which also presented a smaller genome, while PAMP2011 presented the complete sxt cluster and all essential proteins and clusters. The pangenome analysis was performed with all Raphidiopsis/Cylindrospermopsis genomes available at NCBI to date, with the addition of PAMP2011 and PAMP2012 MAGs (All33 subset), but also without the South American strains (noSA subset), and only among the South American strains (SA10 and SA8 subsets). We observed a substantial increase in the core genome size for the 'noSA' subset, in comparison to 'All33' subset, and since the core genome reflects the closeness among the pangenome members, the results strongly suggest that the conservation level of the essential gene repertoire seems to be affected by the geographic origin of the strains being analyzed, supporting the existence of a distinct SA clade. The Raphidiopsis pangenome comprised a total of 7943 orthologous protein clusters, and the two new MAGs increased the pangenome size by 11%. The pangenome based phylogenetic relationships among the 33 analyzed genomes showed that the SA genomes clustered together with 99% bootstrap support, reinforcing the metabolic particularity of the Raphidiopsis South American clade, related to its saxitoxin producing unique ability, while also indicating a different evolutionary history due to its geographic isolation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcele Laux
- Department of Botany, Phycology Laboratory, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Carlos Morais Piroupo
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Universidade de São Paulo, 05508-000, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - João Carlos Setubal
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Universidade de São Paulo, 05508-000, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Alessandra Giani
- Department of Botany, Phycology Laboratory, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
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19
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Brown AL, Casarez GA, Moeller HV. Acquired Phototrophy as an Evolutionary Path to Mixotrophy. Am Nat 2023; 202:458-470. [PMID: 37792914 DOI: 10.1086/725918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
AbstractAcquired photosynthesis transforms genotypically heterotrophic lineages into autotrophs. Transient acquisitions of eukaryotic chloroplasts may provide key evolutionary insight into the endosymbiosis process-the hypothesized mechanism by which eukaryotic cells obtained new functions via organelle retention. Here, we use an eco-evolutionary model to study the environmental conditions under which chloroplast retention is evolutionarily favorable. We focus on kleptoplastidic lineages-which steal functional chloroplasts from their prey-as hypothetical evolutionary intermediates. Our adaptive dynamics analysis reveals a spectrum of evolutionarily stable strategies ranging from phagotrophy to phototrophy to obligate kleptoplasty. Our model suggests that a low-light niche and weak (or absent) trade-offs between chloroplast retention and overall digestive ability favor the evolution of phototrophy. In contrast, when consumers experience strong trade-offs, obligate kleptoplasty emerges as an evolutionary end point. Therefore, the preevolved trade-offs that underlie an evolving lineage's physiology will likely constrain its evolutionary trajectory.
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20
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Toyokuni S, Kong Y, Katabuchi M, Maeda Y, Motooka Y, Ito F, Yanatori I. Iron links endogenous and exogenous nanoparticles. Arch Biochem Biophys 2023; 745:109718. [PMID: 37579931 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2023.109718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
Current progress in biology and medical science is based on the observation at the level of nanometers via electron microscopy and computation. Of note, the size of most cells in higher species exists in a limited range from 5 to 50 μm. Recently, it was demonstrated that endogenous extracellular nanoparticles play a role in communication among various cellular types in a variety of contexts. Among them, exosomes in serum have been established as biomarkers for human diseases by analyzing the cargo molecules. No life on the earth can survive without iron. However, excess iron can be a risk for carcinogenesis in rodents and humans. Nano-sized molecules may cause unexpected bioeffects, including carcinogenesis, which is a process to establish cellular iron addiction with ferroptosis-resistance. Asbestos and carbon nanotubes are the typical examples, leading to carcinogenesis by the alteration of iron metabolism. Recently, we found that CD63, one of the representative markers of exosomes, is under the regulation of iron-responsive element/iron-regulatory protein system. This is a safe strategy to share excess iron in the form of holo-ferritin between iron-sufficient and -deficient cells. On the other hand, damaged cells may secrete holo-ferritin-loaded exosomes as in the case of macrophages in ferroptosis after asbestos exposure. These holo-ferritin-loaded exosomes can cause mutagenic DNA damage in the recipient mesothelial cells. Thus, there is an iron link between exogenous and endogenous nanoparticles, which requires further investigation for better understanding and the future applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinya Toyokuni
- Department of Pathology and Biological Responses, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan; Center for Low-temperature Plasma Sciences, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8603, Japan.
| | - Yingyi Kong
- Department of Pathology and Biological Responses, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Misako Katabuchi
- Department of Pathology and Biological Responses, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Yuki Maeda
- Department of Pathology and Biological Responses, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Yashiro Motooka
- Department of Pathology and Biological Responses, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Fumiya Ito
- Department of Pathology and Biological Responses, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Izumi Yanatori
- Department of Pathology and Biological Responses, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan; Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Yoshida-Konoe-cho, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
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21
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Müller B. Iron transport mechanisms and their evolution focusing on chloroplasts. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 288:154059. [PMID: 37586271 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2023.154059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
Iron (Fe) is an essential element for photosynthetic organisms, required for several vital biological functions. Photosynthesis, which takes place in the chloroplasts of higher plants, is the major Fe consumer. Although the components of the root Fe uptake system in dicotyledonous and monocotyledonous plants have been extensively studied, the Fe transport mechanisms of chloroplasts in these two groups of plants have received little attention. This review focuses on the comparative analysis of Fe transport processes in the evolutionary ancestors of chloroplasts (cyanobacteria) with the processes in embryophytes and green algae (Viridiplantae). The aim is to summarize how chloroplasts are integrated into cellular Fe homeostasis and how Fe transporters and Fe transport mechanisms have been modified by evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brigitta Müller
- Department of Plant Physiology and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/C, Budapest, H-1117, Hungary.
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22
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Turner CB, Blount ZD, Mitchell DH, Lenski RE. Evolution of a cross-feeding interaction following a key innovation in a long-term evolution experiment with Escherichia coli. MICROBIOLOGY (READING, ENGLAND) 2023; 169:001390. [PMID: 37650867 PMCID: PMC10482366 DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.001390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
The evolution of a novel trait can profoundly change an organism's effects on its environment, which can in turn affect the further evolution of that organism and any coexisting organisms. We examine these effects and feedbacks following the evolution of a novel function in the Long-Term Evolution Experiment (LTEE) with Escherichia coli. A characteristic feature of E. coli is its inability to grow aerobically on citrate (Cit-). Nonetheless, a Cit+ variant with this capacity evolved in one LTEE population after 31 000 generations. The Cit+ clade then coexisted stably with another clade that retained the ancestral Cit- phenotype. This coexistence was shaped by the evolution of a cross-feeding relationship based on C4-dicarboxylic acids, particularly succinate, fumarate, and malate, that the Cit+ variants release into the medium. Both the Cit- and Cit+ cells evolved to grow on these excreted resources. The evolution of aerobic growth on citrate thus led to a transition from an ecosystem based on a single limiting resource, glucose, to one with at least five resources that were either shared or partitioned between the two coexisting clades. Our findings show that evolutionary novelties can change environmental conditions in ways that facilitate diversity by altering ecosystem structure and the evolutionary trajectories of coexisting lineages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline B. Turner
- Ecology, Evolution and Behavior Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
- Present address: Department of Biology, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Zachary D. Blount
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Daniel H. Mitchell
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
- Present address: Biological Sciences, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH, USA
| | - Richard E. Lenski
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics; and Ecology, Evolution and Behavior Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
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23
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Shevela D, Kern JF, Govindjee G, Messinger J. Solar energy conversion by photosystem II: principles and structures. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2023; 156:279-307. [PMID: 36826741 PMCID: PMC10203033 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-022-00991-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Photosynthetic water oxidation by Photosystem II (PSII) is a fascinating process because it sustains life on Earth and serves as a blue print for scalable synthetic catalysts required for renewable energy applications. The biophysical, computational, and structural description of this process, which started more than 50 years ago, has made tremendous progress over the past two decades, with its high-resolution crystal structures being available not only of the dark-stable state of PSII, but of all the semi-stable reaction intermediates and even some transient states. Here, we summarize the current knowledge on PSII with emphasis on the basic principles that govern the conversion of light energy to chemical energy in PSII, as well as on the illustration of the molecular structures that enable these reactions. The important remaining questions regarding the mechanism of biological water oxidation are highlighted, and one possible pathway for this fundamental reaction is described at a molecular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry Shevela
- Department of Chemistry, Chemical Biological Centre, Umeå University, 90187, Umeå, Sweden.
| | - Jan F Kern
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Govindjee Govindjee
- Department of Plant Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Center of Biophysics & Quantitative Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Johannes Messinger
- Department of Chemistry, Chemical Biological Centre, Umeå University, 90187, Umeå, Sweden.
- Molecular Biomimetics, Department of Chemistry - Ångström, Uppsala University, 75120, Uppsala, Sweden.
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24
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Ni J, Song W, Ali NA, Zhang Y, Xing J, Su K, Sun X, Zhao X. The ATP Synthase γ Subunit ATPC1 Regulates RNA Editing in Chloroplasts. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24119203. [PMID: 37298153 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24119203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
RNA editing is the process of modifying RNA molecules by inserting, deleting, or substituting nucleotides. In flowering plants, RNA editing occurs predominantly in RNAs encoded by the organellar genomes of mitochondria and chloroplasts, and the main type of editing involves the substitution of cytidine with uridine at specific sites. Abnormal RNA editing in plants can affect gene expression, organelle function, plant growth, and reproduction. In this study, we report that ATPC1, the gamma subunit of ATP synthase in Arabidopsis chloroplasts, has an unexpected role in the regulation of editing at multiple sites of plastid RNAs. The loss of function of ATPC1 severely arrests chloroplast development, causing a pale-green phenotype and early seedling lethality. Disruption of ATPC1 increases the editing of matK-640, rps12-i-58, atpH-3'UTR-13210, and ycf2-as-91535 sites while decreasing the editing of rpl23-89, rpoA-200, rpoC1-488, and ndhD-2 sites. We further show that ATPC1 participates in RNA editing by interacting with known multiple-site chloroplast RNA editing factors, including MORFs, ORRM1, and OZ1. The transcriptome in the atpc1 mutant is profoundly affected, with a pattern of defective expression of chloroplast development-related genes. These results reveal that the ATP synthase γ subunit ATPC1 is involved in multiple-site RNA editing in Arabidopsis chloroplasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Ni
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Wenjian Song
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Nadia Ahmed Ali
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yayi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jiani Xing
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Kexing Su
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xingxing Sun
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xiaobo Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
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25
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Biswas S, Niedzwiedzki DM, Pakrasi HB. Energy dissipation efficiency in the CP43 assembly intermediate complex of photosystem II. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. BIOENERGETICS 2023; 1864:148982. [PMID: 37146928 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2023.148982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Photosystem II in oxygenic organisms is a large membrane bound rapidly turning over pigment protein complex. During its biogenesis, multiple assembly intermediates are formed, including the CP43-preassembly complex (pCP43). To understand the energy transfer dynamics in pCP43, we first engineered a His-tagged version of the CP43 in a CP47-less strain of the cyanobacterium Synechocystis 6803. Isolated pCP43 from this engineered strain was subjected to advanced spectroscopic analysis to evaluate its excitation energy dissipation characteristics. These included measurements of steady-state absorption and fluorescence emission spectra for which correlation was tested with Stepanov relation. Comparison of fluorescence excitation and absorptance spectra determined that efficiency of energy transfer from β-carotene to chlorophyll a is 39 %. Time-resolved fluorescence images of pCP43-bound Chl a were recorded on streak camera, and fluorescence decay dynamics were evaluated with global fitting. These demonstrated that the decay kinetics strongly depends on temperature and buffer used to disperse the protein sample and fluorescence decay lifetime was estimated in 3.2-5.7 ns time range, depending on conditions. The pCP43 complex was also investigated with femtosecond and nanosecond time-resolved absorption spectroscopy upon excitation of Chl a and β-carotene to reveal pathways of singlet excitation relaxation/decay, Chl a triplet dynamics and Chl a → β-carotene triplet state sensitization process. The latter demonstrated that Chl a triplet in the pCP43 complex is not efficiently quenched by carotenoids. Finally, detailed kinetic analysis of the rise of the population of β-carotene triplets determined that the time constant of the carotenoid triplet sensitization is 40 ns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandeep Biswas
- Department of Biology, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA.
| | - Dariusz M Niedzwiedzki
- Center for Solar Energy and Energy Storage, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA; Department of Energy, Environmental & Chemical Engineering, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA.
| | - Himadri B Pakrasi
- Department of Biology, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA.
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26
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Shimakawa G. Electron transport in cyanobacterial thylakoid membranes: Are cyanobacteria simple models for photosynthetic organisms? JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2023:erad118. [PMID: 37025010 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erad118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Cyanobacteria are structurally the simplest oxygenic phototrophs, which makes it difficult to understand the regulation of photosynthesis because the photosynthetic and respiratory processes share the same thylakoid membranes and cytosolic space. This review aimed to summarise the molecular mechanisms and in vivo activities of electron transport in cyanobacterial thylakoid membranes based on the latest progress in photosynthesis research in cyanobacteria. Photosynthetic linear electron transport for CO2 assimilation has the dominant electron flux in the thylakoid membranes. The capacity of O2 photoreduction in cyanobacteria is comparable to the photosynthetic CO2 assimilation, which is mediated by flavodiiron proteins. Additionally, cyanobacterial thylakoid membranes harbour the significant electron flux of respiratory electron transport through a homologue of respiratory complex I, which is also recognized as the part of cyclic electron transport chain if it is coupled with photosystem I in the light. Further, O2-independent alternative electron transports through hydrogenase and nitrate reductase function with reduced ferredoxin as the electron donor. Whereas all these electron transports are recently being understood one by one, the complexity as the whole regulatory system remains to be uncovered in near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ginga Shimakawa
- Department of Bioscience, School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Kwansei Gakuin University, 1 Gakuen Uegahara, Sanda, Hyogo 669-1330, Japan
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27
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Goodchild-Michelman IM, Church GM, Schubert MG, Tang TC. Light and carbon: Synthetic biology toward new cyanobacteria-based living biomaterials. Mater Today Bio 2023; 19:100583. [PMID: 36846306 PMCID: PMC9945787 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2023.100583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Cyanobacteria are ideal candidates to use in developing carbon neutral and carbon negative technologies; they are efficient photosynthesizers and amenable to genetic manipulation. Over the past two decades, researchers have demonstrated that cyanobacteria can make sustainable, useful biomaterials, many of which are engineered living materials. However, we are only beginning to see such technologies applied at an industrial scale. In this review, we explore the ways in which synthetic biology tools enable the development of cyanobacteria-based biomaterials. First we give an overview of the ecological and biogeochemical importance of cyanobacteria and the work that has been done using cyanobacteria to create biomaterials so far. This is followed by a discussion of commonly used cyanobacteria strains and synthetic biology tools that exist to engineer cyanobacteria. Then, three case studies-bioconcrete, biocomposites, and biophotovoltaics-are explored as potential applications of synthetic biology in cyanobacteria-based materials. Finally, challenges and future directions of cyanobacterial biomaterials are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabella M. Goodchild-Michelman
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - George M. Church
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Max G. Schubert
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Tzu-Chieh Tang
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
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28
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Huang S, Zuo L, Cheng G, He Y, Zhang L, Han Q, Feng L. Design, synthesis and mechanism research of novel algicide based on bioactive fragments synthesis strategy. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 191:105344. [PMID: 36963926 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2023.105344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The frequency and intensity of harmful cyanobacterial blooms (HCBs) are increasing all over the world, their prevention and control have become a great challenge. In this paper, a series of 1,3,4-thiadiazole thioacetamides (T series) were designed and synthesized as potential algaecides. Among them, the compound T3 showed its best algacidal activity against Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 (PCC 6803, EC50 = 1.51 μM) and Microcystis aeruginosa FACHB 905 (FACHB905, EC50 = 4.88 μM), which was more effective than the lead compound L1 (PCC6803, EC50 = 7.7 μM; FACHB905, EC50 = 8.8 μM) and the commercially available herbicide prometryn (PCC6803, EC50 = 4.64 μM;FACHB905, EC50 = 6.52 μM). Meanwhile, T3 showed a lower inhibitory activity (EC50 = 12.76 μM) than prometryn (EC50 = 7.98 μM) to Chlorella FACHB1227, indicating that T3 had selective inhibition to prokaryotic algae (PCC6803, FACHB905) and eukaryotic algae (FACHB1227). Furthermore, the algacidal and anti-algae activities of T3 were significantly better than those of prometryn, while the toxicity of zebrafish and human cells was less than prometryn. Electron microscope, physiological, biochemical and metabonomic analysis showed that T3 interfered with light absorption and light conversion during photosynthesis by significantly reducing chlorophyll content, thus inhibited metabolic pathways such as the Calvin cycle and TCA cycle, and eventually led to the cell rupture of cyanobacteria. These results afforded further development of effective and safe algaecides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi Huang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology (CCNU), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Lingzi Zuo
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology (CCNU), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Guonian Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology (CCNU), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Yanlin He
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology (CCNU), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Liexiong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology (CCNU), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Qiang Han
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology (CCNU), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Lingling Feng
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology (CCNU), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China.
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29
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Saleem F, Jiang JL, Atrache R, Paschos A, Edge TA, Schellhorn HE. Cyanobacterial Algal Bloom Monitoring: Molecular Methods and Technologies for Freshwater Ecosystems. Microorganisms 2023; 11:microorganisms11040851. [PMID: 37110273 PMCID: PMC10144707 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11040851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Cyanobacteria (blue-green algae) can accumulate to form harmful algal blooms (HABs) on the surface of freshwater ecosystems under eutrophic conditions. Extensive HAB events can threaten local wildlife, public health, and the utilization of recreational waters. For the detection/quantification of cyanobacteria and cyanotoxins, both the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) and Health Canada increasingly indicate that molecular methods can be useful. However, each molecular detection method has specific advantages and limitations for monitoring HABs in recreational water ecosystems. Rapidly developing modern technologies, including satellite imaging, biosensors, and machine learning/artificial intelligence, can be integrated with standard/conventional methods to overcome the limitations associated with traditional cyanobacterial detection methodology. We examine advances in cyanobacterial cell lysis methodology and conventional/modern molecular detection methods, including imaging techniques, polymerase chain reaction (PCR)/DNA sequencing, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA), mass spectrometry, remote sensing, and machine learning/AI-based prediction models. This review focuses specifically on methodologies likely to be employed for recreational water ecosystems, especially in the Great Lakes region of North America.
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30
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Verma M, Singh V, Mishra V. Moving towards the enhancement of extracellular electron transfer in electrogens. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 39:130. [PMID: 36959310 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-023-03582-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/25/2023]
Abstract
Electrogens are very common in nature and becoming a contemporary theme for research as they can be exploited for extracellular electron transfer. Extracellular electron transfer is the key mechanism behind bioelectricity generation and bioremediation of pollutants via microbes. Extracellular electron transfer mechanisms for electrogens other than Shewanella and Geobacter are less explored. An efficient extracellular electron transfer system is crucial for the sustainable future of bioelectrochemical systems. At present, the poor extracellular electron transfer efficiency remains a decisive factor in limiting the development of efficient bioelectrochemical systems. In this review article, the EET mechanisms in different electrogens (bacteria and yeast) have been focused. Apart from the well-known electron transfer mechanisms of Shewanella oneidensis and Geobacter metallireducens, a brief introduction of the EET pathway in Rhodopseudomonas palustris TIE-1, Sideroxydans lithotrophicus ES-1, Thermincola potens JR, Lysinibacillus varians GY32, Carboxydothermus ferrireducens, Enterococcus faecalis and Saccharomyces cerevisiae have been included. In addition to this, the article discusses the several approaches to anode modification and genetic engineering that may be used in order to increase the rate of extracellular electron transfer. In the side lines, this review includes the engagement of the electrogens for different applications followed by the future perspective of efficient extracellular electron transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manisha Verma
- School of Biochemical Engineering, IIT (BHU), 221005, Varanasi, India
| | - Vishal Singh
- School of Biochemical Engineering, IIT (BHU), 221005, Varanasi, India
| | - Vishal Mishra
- School of Biochemical Engineering, IIT (BHU), 221005, Varanasi, India.
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31
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Garcia AK, Harris DF, Rivier AJ, Carruthers BM, Pinochet-Barros A, Seefeldt LC, Kaçar B. Nitrogenase resurrection and the evolution of a singular enzymatic mechanism. eLife 2023; 12:e85003. [PMID: 36799917 PMCID: PMC9977276 DOI: 10.7554/elife.85003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The planetary biosphere is powered by a suite of key metabolic innovations that emerged early in the history of life. However, it is unknown whether life has always followed the same set of strategies for performing these critical tasks. Today, microbes access atmospheric sources of bioessential nitrogen through the activities of just one family of enzymes, nitrogenases. Here, we show that the only dinitrogen reduction mechanism known to date is an ancient feature conserved from nitrogenase ancestors. We designed a paleomolecular engineering approach wherein ancestral nitrogenase genes were phylogenetically reconstructed and inserted into the genome of the diazotrophic bacterial model, Azotobacter vinelandii, enabling an integrated assessment of both in vivo functionality and purified nitrogenase biochemistry. Nitrogenase ancestors are active and robust to variable incorporation of one or more ancestral protein subunits. Further, we find that all ancestors exhibit the reversible enzymatic mechanism for dinitrogen reduction, specifically evidenced by hydrogen inhibition, which is also exhibited by extant A. vinelandii nitrogenase isozymes. Our results suggest that life may have been constrained in its sampling of protein sequence space to catalyze one of the most energetically challenging biochemical reactions in nature. The experimental framework established here is essential for probing how nitrogenase functionality has been shaped within a dynamic, cellular context to sustain a globally consequential metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda K Garcia
- Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin–MadisonMadisonUnited States
| | - Derek F Harris
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State UniversityLoganUnited States
| | - Alex J Rivier
- Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin–MadisonMadisonUnited States
| | - Brooke M Carruthers
- Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin–MadisonMadisonUnited States
| | | | - Lance C Seefeldt
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State UniversityLoganUnited States
| | - Betül Kaçar
- Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin–MadisonMadisonUnited States
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32
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Tychonema sp. BBK16 Characterisation: Lifestyle, Phylogeny and Related Phages. Viruses 2023; 15:v15020442. [PMID: 36851656 PMCID: PMC9958718 DOI: 10.3390/v15020442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Cyanobacterial expansion is harmful to the environment, the ecology of Lake Baikal and the economy of nearby regions and can be dangerous to people and animals. Since 2011, the process of colonisation of the lake with potentially toxic cyanobacteria belonging to the genus Tychonema has continued. An understanding of the mechanism of successful expansion of Tychonema requires scrutiny of biological and genomic features. Tychonema sp. BBK16 was isolated from the coastal zone of Lake Baikal. The morphology of BBK16 biofilm was studied with light, scanning electron and confocal microscopy. The biofilm is based on filaments of cyanobacteria, which are intertwined like felt; there are also dense fascicles of rope-like twisted filaments that impart heterogeneity to the surface of the biofilm. Genome sequencing, intergenomic comparisons and phylogenetic analyses indicated that Tychonema sp. BBK16 represent a new species related to planktic cyanobacterium Tychonema bourrellyi, isolated from Alpine lentic freshwater. Genome investigation revealed the genes possibly responsible for the mixotrophic lifestyle. The presence of CRISPR-Cas and restriction modification defence mechanisms allowed to suggest the existence of phages infecting Tychonema sp. BBK16. Analysis of CRISPR spacers and prophage-derived regions allowed to suggest related cyanophages. Genomic analysis supported the assumption that mobile elements and horizontal transfer participate in shaping the Tychonema sp. BBK16 genome. The findings of the current research suggest that the aptitude of Tychonema sp. BBK16 for biofilm formation and, possibly, its mixotrophic lifestyle provide adaptation advantages that lead to the successful expansion of this cyanobacterium in the Baikal's conditions of freshwater lake environments.
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33
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Čapek J, Večerek B. Why is manganese so valuable to bacterial pathogens? Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:943390. [PMID: 36816586 PMCID: PMC9936198 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.943390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Apart from oxygenic photosynthesis, the extent of manganese utilization in bacteria varies from species to species and also appears to depend on external conditions. This observation is in striking contrast to iron, which is similar to manganese but essential for the vast majority of bacteria. To adequately explain the role of manganese in pathogens, we first present in this review that the accumulation of molecular oxygen in the Earth's atmosphere was a key event that linked manganese utilization to iron utilization and put pressure on the use of manganese in general. We devote a large part of our contribution to explanation of how molecular oxygen interferes with iron so that it enhances oxidative stress in cells, and how bacteria have learned to control the concentration of free iron in the cytosol. The functioning of iron in the presence of molecular oxygen serves as a springboard for a fundamental understanding of why manganese is so valued by bacterial pathogens. The bulk of this review addresses how manganese can replace iron in enzymes. Redox-active enzymes must cope with the higher redox potential of manganese compared to iron. Therefore, specific manganese-dependent isoenzymes have evolved that either lower the redox potential of the bound metal or use a stronger oxidant. In contrast, redox-inactive enzymes can exchange the metal directly within the individual active site, so no isoenzymes are required. It appears that in the physiological context, only redox-inactive mononuclear or dinuclear enzymes are capable of replacing iron with manganese within the same active site. In both cases, cytosolic conditions play an important role in the selection of the metal used. In conclusion, we summarize both well-characterized and less-studied mechanisms of the tug-of-war for manganese between host and pathogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Čapek
- *Correspondence: Jan Čapek, ; Branislav Večerek,
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Dong X, Lan H, Huang L, Zhang H, Lin X, Weng S, Peng Y, Lin J, Wang JH, Peng J, Yang Y. Metagenomic Views of Microbial Communities in Sand Sediments Associated with Coral Reefs. MICROBIAL ECOLOGY 2023; 85:465-477. [PMID: 35113183 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-021-01957-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Reef sediments, the home for microbes with high abundances, provide an important source of carbonates and nutrients for the growth and maintenance of coral reefs. However, there is a lack of systematic research on the composition of microbial community in sediments of different geographic sites and their potential effect on nutrient recycling and health of the coral reef ecosystem. In combination of biogeochemical measurements with gene- and genome-centric metagenomics, we assessed microbial community compositions and functional diversity, as well as profiles of antibiotic resistance genes in surface sediments of 16 coral reef sites at different depths from the Xisha islands in the South China Sea. Reef sediment microbiomes are diverse and novel at lower taxonomic ranks, dominated by Proteobacteria and Planctomycetota. Most reef sediment bacteria potentially participate in biogeochemical cycling via oxidizing various organic and inorganic compounds as energy sources. High abundances of Proteobacteria (mostly Rhizobiales and Woeseiales) are metabolically flexible and contain rhodopsin genes. Various classes of antibiotic resistance genes, hosted by diverse bacterial lineages, were identified to confer resistance to multidrug, aminoglycoside, and other antibiotics. Overall, our findings expanded the understanding of reef sediment microbial ecology and provided insights for their link to the coral reef ecosystem health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiyang Dong
- School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai, 519082, China.
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai, 519000, China.
| | - Haoyu Lan
- School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai, 519082, China
| | - Liangtian Huang
- School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai, 519082, China
| | - Haikun Zhang
- Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, 264003, China
| | - Xianbiao Lin
- School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai, 519082, China
| | - Shengze Weng
- School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai, 519082, China
| | - Yongyi Peng
- School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai, 519082, China
| | - Jia Lin
- School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai, 519082, China
| | - Jiang-Hai Wang
- School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai, 519082, China
| | - Juan Peng
- School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai, 519082, China
| | - Ying Yang
- School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai, 519082, China.
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai, 519000, China.
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Porter KJ, Cao L, Osteryoung KW. Dynamics of the Synechococcus elongatus cytoskeletal GTPase FtsZ yields mechanistic and evolutionary insight into cyanobacterial and chloroplast FtsZs. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:102917. [PMID: 36657643 PMCID: PMC9975276 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.102917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The division of cyanobacteria and their chloroplast descendants is orchestrated by filamenting temperature-sensitive Z (FtsZ), a cytoskeletal GTPase that polymerizes into protofilaments that form a "Z ring" at the division site. The Z ring has both a scaffolding function for division-complex assembly and a GTPase-dependent contractile function that drives cell or organelle constriction. A single FtsZ performs these functions in bacteria, whereas in chloroplasts, they are performed by two copolymerizing FtsZs, called AtFtsZ2 and AtFtsZ1 in Arabidopsis thaliana, which promote protofilament stability and dynamics, respectively. To probe the differences between cyanobacterial and chloroplast FtsZs, we used light scattering to characterize the in vitro protofilament dynamics of FtsZ from the cyanobacterium Synechococcus elongatus PCC 7942 (SeFtsZ) and investigate how coassembly of AtFtsZ2 or AtFtsZ1 with SeFtsZ influences overall dynamics. SeFtsZ protofilaments assembled rapidly and began disassembling before GTP depletion, whereas AtFtsZ2 protofilaments were far more stable, persisting beyond GTP depletion. Coassembled SeFtsZ-AtFtsZ2 protofilaments began disassembling before GTP depletion, similar to SeFtsZ. In contrast, AtFtsZ1 did not alter disassembly onset when coassembled with SeFtsZ, but fluorescence recovery after photobleaching analysis showed it increased the turnover of SeFtsZ subunits from SeFtsZ-AtFtsZ1 protofilaments, mirroring its effect upon coassembly with AtFtsZ2. Comparisons of our findings with previous work revealed consistent differences between cyanobacterial and chloroplast FtsZ dynamics and suggest that the scaffolding and dynamics-promoting functions were partially separated during evolution of two chloroplast FtsZs from their cyanobacterial predecessor. They also suggest that chloroplasts may have evolved a mechanism distinct from that in cyanobacteria for promoting FtsZ protofilament dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katie J Porter
- Department of Plant Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Lingyan Cao
- Department of Plant Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
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Badger MR, Sharwood RE. Rubisco, the imperfect winner: it's all about the base. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2023; 74:562-580. [PMID: 36412307 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erac458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Rubisco catalysis is complex and includes an activation step through the formation of a carbamate at the conserved active site lysine residue and the formation of a highly reactive enediol that is the key to its catalytic reaction. The formation of this enediol is both the basis of its success and its Achilles' heel, creating imperfections to its catalytic efficiency. While Rubisco originally evolved in an atmosphere of high CO2, the earth's multiple oxidation events provided challenges to Rubisco through the fixation of O2 that competes with CO2 at the active site. Numerous catalytic screens across the Rubisco superfamily have identified significant variation in catalytic properties that have been linked to large and small subunit sequences. Despite this, we still have a rudimentary understanding of Rubisco's catalytic mechanism and how the evolution of kinetic properties has occurred. This review identifies the lysine base that functions both as an activator and a proton abstractor to create the enediol as a key to understanding how Rubisco may optimize its kinetic properties. The ways in which Rubisco and its partners have overcome catalytic and activation imperfections and thrived in a world of high O2, low CO2, and variable climatic regimes is remarkable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murray R Badger
- Research School of Biology, Building 134 Linnaeus Way, Canberra ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - Robert E Sharwood
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Bourke St, Richmond, NSW, 2753, Australia
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Bauwe H. Photorespiration - Rubisco's repair crew. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 280:153899. [PMID: 36566670 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2022.153899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The photorespiratory repair pathway (photorespiration in short) was set up from ancient metabolic modules about three billion years ago in cyanobacteria, the later ancestors of chloroplasts. These prokaryotes developed the capacity for oxygenic photosynthesis, i.e. the use of water as a source of electrons and protons (with O2 as a by-product) for the sunlight-driven synthesis of ATP and NADPH for CO2 fixation in the Calvin cycle. However, the CO2-binding enzyme, ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase (known under the acronym Rubisco), is not absolutely selective for CO2 and can also use O2 in a side reaction. It then produces 2-phosphoglycolate (2PG), the accumulation of which would inhibit and potentially stop the Calvin cycle and subsequently photosynthetic electron transport. Photorespiration removes the 2-PG and in this way prevents oxygenic photosynthesis from poisoning itself. In plants, the core of photorespiration consists of ten enzymes distributed over three different types of organelles, requiring interorganellar transport and interaction with several auxiliary enzymes. It goes together with the release and to some extent loss of freshly fixed CO2. This disadvantageous feature can be suppressed by CO2-concentrating mechanisms, such as those that evolved in C4 plants thirty million years ago, which enhance CO2 fixation and reduce 2PG synthesis. Photorespiration itself provided a pioneer variant of such mechanisms in the predecessors of C4 plants, C3-C4 intermediate plants. This article is a review and update particularly on the enzyme components of plant photorespiration and their catalytic mechanisms, on the interaction of photorespiration with other metabolism and on its impact on the evolution of photosynthesis. This focus was chosen because a better knowledge of the enzymes involved and how they are embedded in overall plant metabolism can facilitate the targeted use of the now highly advanced methods of metabolic network modelling and flux analysis. Understanding photorespiration more than before as a process that enables, rather than reduces, plant photosynthesis, will help develop rational strategies for crop improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hermann Bauwe
- University of Rostock, Plant Physiology, Albert-Einstein-Straße 3, D-18051, Rostock, Germany.
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Bos PR, Schiphorst C, Kercher I, Buis S, de Jong D, Vunderink I, Wientjes E. Spectral diversity of photosystem I from flowering plants. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2023; 155:35-47. [PMID: 36260271 PMCID: PMC9792416 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-022-00971-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Photosystem I and II (PSI and PSII) work together to convert solar energy into chemical energy. Whilst a lot of research has been done to unravel variability of PSII fluorescence in response to biotic and abiotic factors, the contribution of PSI to in vivo fluorescence measurements has often been neglected or considered to be constant. Furthermore, little is known about how the absorption and emission properties of PSI from different plant species differ. In this study, we have isolated PSI from five plant species and compared their characteristics using a combination of optical and biochemical techniques. Differences have been identified in the fluorescence emission spectra and at the protein level, whereas the absorption spectra were virtually the same in all cases. In addition, the emission spectrum of PSI depends on temperature over a physiologically relevant range from 280 to 298 K. Combined, our data show a critical comparison of the absorption and emission properties of PSI from various plant species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter R Bos
- Laboratory of Biophysics, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 8128, 6700 ET, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Christo Schiphorst
- Laboratory of Biophysics, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 8128, 6700 ET, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ian Kercher
- Laboratory of Biophysics, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 8128, 6700 ET, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Sieka Buis
- Laboratory of Biophysics, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 8128, 6700 ET, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Djanick de Jong
- Laboratory of Biophysics, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 8128, 6700 ET, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Igor Vunderink
- Laboratory of Biophysics, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 8128, 6700 ET, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Emilie Wientjes
- Laboratory of Biophysics, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 8128, 6700 ET, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
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Yan X, Zhao F, Wang G, Wang Z, Zhou M, Zhang L, Wang G, Chen Y. Metabolomic Analysis of Microcystis aeruginosa After Exposure to the Algicide L-Lysine. BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2022; 110:12. [PMID: 36512146 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-022-03658-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The widespread occurrence of cyanobacteria blooms damages the water ecosystem and threatens the safety of potable water and human health. Exogenous L-lysine significantly inhibits the growth of a dominant cyanobacteria Microcystis aeruginosa in freshwater. However, the molecular mechanism of how lysine inhibits the growth of M. aeruginosa is unclear. In this study, both non-target and target metabolomic analysis were performed to investigate the effects of algicide L-lysine. The results showed that 8 mg L- 1 lysine most likely disrupts the metabolism of amino acids, especially the arginine and proline metabolism. According to targeted amino acid metabolomics analysis, only 3 amino acids (L-arginine, ornithine, and citrulline), which belong to the ornithine-ammonia cycle (OAC) in arginine metabolic pathway, showed elevated levels. The intracellular concentrations of ornithine, citrulline, and arginine increased by 115%, 124%, and 19.4%, respectively. These results indicate that L-lysine may affect arginine metabolism and OAC to inhibit the growth of M. aeruginosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangjuan Yan
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, 210023, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Engineering Lab of Water and Soil Eco-remediation, Nanjing Normal University, 210023, Nanjing, China
| | - Fei Zhao
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, 210023, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Engineering Lab of Water and Soil Eco-remediation, Nanjing Normal University, 210023, Nanjing, China
| | - Guosheng Wang
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, 210023, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Engineering Lab of Water and Soil Eco-remediation, Nanjing Normal University, 210023, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, 210023, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Engineering Lab of Water and Soil Eco-remediation, Nanjing Normal University, 210023, Nanjing, China
| | - Mingxi Zhou
- Biology Centre, Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, Czech Academy of Sciences, 37005, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
| | - Limin Zhang
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, 210023, Nanjing, China
- Green Economy Development Institute, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, 210023, Nanjing, China
| | - Guoxiang Wang
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, 210023, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Engineering Lab of Water and Soil Eco-remediation, Nanjing Normal University, 210023, Nanjing, China
| | - Yanshan Chen
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, 210023, Nanjing, China.
- Jiangsu Engineering Lab of Water and Soil Eco-remediation, Nanjing Normal University, 210023, Nanjing, China.
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Campbell MA, Bauersachs T, Schwark L, Proemse BC, Eberhard RS, Coolen MJL, Grice K. Salinity-driven ecology and diversity changes of heterocytous cyanobacteria in Australian freshwater and coastal-marine microbial mats. Environ Microbiol 2022; 24:6493-6509. [PMID: 36156347 PMCID: PMC10092834 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.16225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
N2 -fixing heterocytous cyanobacteria are considered to play a minor role in sustaining coastal microbial mat communities developing under normal marine to hypersaline conditions. Here, we investigated microbial mats growing under different salinities from freshwater mats of Giblin River (Tasmania) to metahaline and hypersaline mats of Shark Bay (Western Australia). Analyses of genetic (rRNA and mRNA) and biological markers (heterocyte glycolipids) revealed an unexpectedly large diversity of heterocytous cyanobacteria in all the studied microbial mat communities. It was observed that the taxonomic distribution as well as abundance of cyanobacteria is strongly affected by salinity. Low salinity favoured the presence of heterocytous cyanobacteria in freshwater mats, while mats thriving in higher salinities mainly supported the growth unicellular and filamentous non-heterocytous genera. However, even though mRNA transcripts derived from heterocytous cyanobacteria were lower in Shark Bay (<6%) microbial mats, functional analyses revealed that these diazotrophs were transcribing a substantial proportion of the genes involved in biofilm formation and nitrogen fixation. Overall, our data reveal an unexpectedly high diversity of heterocytous cyanobacteria (e.g. Calothrix, Scytonema, Nodularia, Gloeotrichia, Stigonema, Fischerella and Chlorogloeopsis) that had yet to be described in metahaline and hypersaline microbial mats from Shark Bay and that they play a vital role in sustaining the ecosystem functioning of coastal-marine microbial mat systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew A Campbell
- Western Australian Organic and Isotope Geochemistry Centre, School of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Thorsten Bauersachs
- Institute of Geosciences, Organic Geochemistry Group, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Lorenz Schwark
- Western Australian Organic and Isotope Geochemistry Centre, School of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.,Institute of Geosciences, Organic Geochemistry Group, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Bernadette C Proemse
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Battery Point, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Rolan S Eberhard
- Natural and Cultural Heritage Division, Department of Primary Industries Parks, Water and Environment, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Marco J L Coolen
- Western Australian Organic and Isotope Geochemistry Centre, School of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Kliti Grice
- Western Australian Organic and Isotope Geochemistry Centre, School of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
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Cyanophages as an important factor in the early evolution of oxygenic photosynthesis. Sci Rep 2022; 12:20581. [PMID: 36446879 PMCID: PMC9709159 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-24795-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyanophages are viruses that infect cyanobacteria. An interesting feature of many of them is the presence of psbA and psbD, genes that encode D1 and D2 proteins, respectively. The D1 and D2 are core proteins of the photosystem II (PSII) in cyanobacteria, algae and plants and influence the proper function of oxygenic photosynthesis (OP) in all oxyphototrophs on Earth. The frequent occurrence of psbA and psbD in cyanophages raises the question whether these genes coevolved with hosts during the early stages of cyanophage and cyanobacterial evolution, or whether they are direct descendants of genes adopted from the genomes of cyanobacterial hosts. The phylogeny of D1/D2 proteins encoded in the genomes of selected cyanophages and oxyphototrophs was reconstructed. In addition, common ancestral sequences of D1 and D2 proteins were predicted for cyanophages and oxyphototrophs. Based on this, the reconstruction of the 3D structures of D1 and D2 proteins was performed. In addition, the ratio of non-synonymous to synonymous (dN/dS) nucleotide substitutions in the coding sequences (CDSs) of psbA and psbD was determined. The results of the predicted spatial structures of the D1 and D2 proteins and purifying selection for the CDSs of psbA and psbD suggest that they belong to the ancient proteins, which may have formed the primordial PSII. It cannot be ruled out that they involved in water oxidation in cyanobacteria-like organisms at early stages of the evolution of life on Earth and coevolved with ancient cyanophages. The data are also discussed in the context of the origin of viruses.
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Application of Spectroscopic Methods for the Identification of Superoxide Dismutases in Cyanobacteria. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232213819. [PMID: 36430299 PMCID: PMC9692673 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232213819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Superoxide dismutases (SODs) belong to the group of metalloenzymes that remove superoxide anion radicals and they have been identified in three domains of life: Bacteria, Archaea and Eucarya. SODs in Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803, Gloeobacter violaceus CCALA 979, and Geitlerinema sp. ZHR1A were investigated. We hypothesized that iron (FeSOD) and/or manganese (MnSOD) dominate as active forms in these cyanobacteria. Activity staining and three different spectroscopic methods of SOD activity bands excised from the gels were used to identify a suitable metal in the separated samples. FeSODs or enzymes belonging to the Fe-MnSOD superfamily were detected. The spectroscopic analyses showed that only Fe is present in the SOD activity bands. We found FeSOD in Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 while two forms in G. violaceus and Geitlerinema sp. ZHR1A: FeSOD1 and FeSOD2 were present. However, no active Cu/ZnSODs were identified in G. violaceus and Geitlerinema sp. ZHR1A. We have shown that selected spectroscopic techniques can be complementary to the commonly used method of staining for SOD activity in a gel. Furthermore, the occurrence of active SODs in the cyanobacteria studied is also discussed in the context of SOD evolution in oxyphotrophs.
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Enzingmüller-Bleyl TC, Boden JS, Herrmann AJ, Ebel KW, Sánchez-Baracaldo P, Frankenberg-Dinkel N, Gehringer MM. On the trail of iron uptake in ancestral Cyanobacteria on early Earth. GEOBIOLOGY 2022; 20:776-789. [PMID: 35906866 DOI: 10.1111/gbi.12515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Cyanobacteria oxygenated Earth's atmosphere ~2.4 billion years ago, during the Great Oxygenation Event (GOE), through oxygenic photosynthesis. Their high iron requirement was presumably met by high levels of Fe(II) in the anoxic Archean environment. We found that many deeply branching Cyanobacteria, including two Gloeobacter and four Pseudanabaena spp., cannot synthesize the Fe(II) specific transporter, FeoB. Phylogenetic and relaxed molecular clock analyses find evidence that FeoB and the Fe(III) transporters, cFTR1 and FutB, were present in Proterozoic, but not earlier Archaean lineages of Cyanobacteria. Furthermore Pseudanabaena sp. PCC7367, an early diverging marine, benthic strain grown under simulated Archean conditions, constitutively expressed cftr1, even after the addition of Fe(II). Our genetic profiling suggests that, prior to the GOE, ancestral Cyanobacteria may have utilized alternative metal iron transporters such as ZIP, NRAMP, or FicI, and possibly also scavenged exogenous siderophore bound Fe(III), as they only acquired the necessary Fe(II) and Fe(III) transporters during the Proterozoic. Given that Cyanobacteria arose 3.3-3.6 billion years ago, it is possible that limitations in iron uptake may have contributed to the delay in their expansion during the Archean, and hence the oxygenation of the early Earth.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Joanne S Boden
- School of Geographical Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, UK
| | - Achim J Herrmann
- Department of Microbiology, University of Kaiserslautern, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Katharina W Ebel
- Department of Microbiology, University of Kaiserslautern, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | | | | | - Michelle M Gehringer
- Department of Microbiology, University of Kaiserslautern, Kaiserslautern, Germany
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Virtual 2D map of cyanobacterial proteomes. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0275148. [PMID: 36190972 PMCID: PMC9529120 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0275148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyanobacteria are prokaryotic Gram-negative organisms prevalent in nearly all habitats. A detailed proteomics study of Cyanobacteria has not been conducted despite extensive study of their genome sequences. Therefore, we conducted a proteome-wide analysis of the Cyanobacteria proteome and found Calothrix desertica as the largest (680331.825 kDa) and Candidatus synechococcus spongiarum as the smallest (42726.77 kDa) proteome of the cyanobacterial kingdom. A Cyanobacterial proteome encodes 312.018 amino acids per protein, with a molecular weight of 182173.1324 kDa per proteome. The isoelectric point (pI) of the Cyanobacterial proteome ranges from 2.13 to 13.32. It was found that the Cyanobacterial proteome encodes a greater number of acidic-pI proteins, and their average pI is 6.437. The proteins with higher pI are likely to contain repetitive amino acids. A virtual 2D map of Cyanobacterial proteome showed a bimodal distribution of molecular weight and pI. Several proteins within the Cyanobacterial proteome were found to encode Selenocysteine (Sec) amino acid, while Pyrrolysine amino acids were not detected. The study can enable us to generate a high-resolution cell map to monitor proteomic dynamics. Through this computational analysis, we can gain a better understanding of the bias in codon usage by analyzing the amino acid composition of the Cyanobacterial proteome.
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Valenti R, Jabłońska J, Tawfik DS. Characterization of ancestral Fe/Mn superoxide dismutases indicates their cambialistic origin. Protein Sci 2022; 31:e4423. [PMID: 36173172 PMCID: PMC9490801 DOI: 10.1002/pro.4423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Superoxide dismutases (SODs) are critical metalloenzymes mitigating the damages of the modern oxygenated world. However, the emergence of one family of SODs, the Fe/Mn SOD, has been recurrently proposed to predate the great oxygenation event (GOE). This ancient family lacks metal binding selectivity, but displays strong catalytic selectivity. Therefore, some homologues would only be active when bound to Fe or Mn, although others, dubbed cambialistic, would function when loaded with either ion. This posed the longstanding question about the identity of the cognate metal ion of the first SODs to emerge. In this work, we utilize ancestral sequence reconstruction techniques to infer the earliest SODs. We show that the “ancestors” are active in vivo and in vitro. Further, we test their metal specificity and demonstrate that they are cambialistic in nature. Our findings shed light on how the predicted Last Common Universal Ancestor was capable of dealing with decomposition of the superoxide anion, and the early relationship between life, oxygen, and metal ion availability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosario Valenti
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences Weizmann Institute of Science Rehovot Israel
| | - Jagoda Jabłońska
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences Weizmann Institute of Science Rehovot Israel
| | - Dan S. Tawfik
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences Weizmann Institute of Science Rehovot Israel
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46
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Ennist NM, Stayrook SE, Dutton PL, Moser CC. Rational design of photosynthetic reaction center protein maquettes. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:997295. [PMID: 36213121 PMCID: PMC9532970 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.997295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
New technologies for efficient solar-to-fuel energy conversion will help facilitate a global shift from dependence on fossil fuels to renewable energy. Nature uses photosynthetic reaction centers to convert photon energy into a cascade of electron-transfer reactions that eventually produce chemical fuel. The design of new reaction centers de novo deepens our understanding of photosynthetic charge separation and may one day allow production of biofuels with higher thermodynamic efficiency than natural photosystems. Recently, we described the multi-step electron-transfer activity of a designed reaction center maquette protein (the RC maquette), which can assemble metal ions, tyrosine, a Zn tetrapyrrole, and heme into an electron-transport chain. Here, we detail our modular strategy for rational protein design and show that the intended RC maquette design agrees with crystal structures in various states of assembly. A flexible, dynamic apo-state collapses by design into a more ordered holo-state upon cofactor binding. Crystal structures illustrate the structural transitions upon binding of different cofactors. Spectroscopic assays demonstrate that the RC maquette binds various electron donors, pigments, and electron acceptors with high affinity. We close with a critique of the present RC maquette design and use electron-tunneling theory to envision a path toward a designed RC with a substantially higher thermodynamic efficiency than natural photosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan M. Ennist
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
- *Correspondence: Nathan M. Ennist,
| | - Steven E. Stayrook
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
- Yale Cancer Biology Institute, Yale University West Campus, West Haven, CT, United States
| | - P. Leslie Dutton
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Christopher C. Moser
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
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47
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Ślesak I, Mazur Z, Ślesak H. Genes encoding the photosystem II proteins are under purifying selection: an insight into the early evolution of oxygenic photosynthesis. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2022; 153:163-175. [PMID: 35648248 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-022-00917-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The molecular evolution concerns coding sequences (CDSs) of genes and may affect the structure and function of proteins. Non-uniform use of synonymous codons during translation, known as codon usage bias (CUB), depends on the balance between mutations bias and natural selection. We estimated different CUB indices, i.e. the effective number of codons (ENC), G + C content in the 3rd codon positions (GC3), and codon adaptation index for CDSs of intrinsic proteins of photosystem II (PSII), such as psbA (D1), psbD (D2), psbB (CP47), psbC (CP43), and CDSs of the extrinsic protein psbO (PsbO). These genes occur in all organisms that perform oxygenic photosynthesis (OP) on Earth: cyanobacteria, algae and plants. Comparatively, a similar analysis of codon bias for CDSs of L and M subunits that constitute the core proteins of the type II reaction centre (RCII) in anoxygenic bacteria was performed. Analysis of CUB indices and determination of the number of synonymous (dS) and nonsynonymous substitutions (dN) in all analysed CDSs indicated that the crucial PSII and RCII proteins were under strong purifying (negative) selection in course of evolution. Purifying selection was also estimated for CDSs of atpA, the α subunit of ATP synthase, an enzyme that was most likely already present in the last universal common ancestor (LUCA). The data obtained point to an ancient origin of OP, even in the earliest stages of the evolution of life on Earth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ireneusz Ślesak
- The Franciszek Górski Institute of Plant Physiology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 21, 30-239, Kraków, Poland.
| | - Zofia Mazur
- The Franciszek Górski Institute of Plant Physiology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 21, 30-239, Kraków, Poland
| | - Halina Ślesak
- Institute of Botany, Faculty of Biology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 9, 30-387, Kraków, Poland
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48
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Cabello-Yeves PJ, Callieri C, Picazo A, Schallenberg L, Huber P, Roda-Garcia JJ, Bartosiewicz M, Belykh OI, Tikhonova IV, Torcello-Requena A, De Prado PM, Puxty RJ, Millard AD, Camacho A, Rodriguez-Valera F, Scanlan DJ. Elucidating the picocyanobacteria salinity divide through ecogenomics of new freshwater isolates. BMC Biol 2022; 20:175. [PMID: 35941649 PMCID: PMC9361551 DOI: 10.1186/s12915-022-01379-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cyanobacteria are the major prokaryotic primary producers occupying a range of aquatic habitats worldwide that differ in levels of salinity, making them a group of interest to study one of the major unresolved conundrums in aquatic microbiology which is what distinguishes a marine microbe from a freshwater one? We address this question using ecogenomics of a group of picocyanobacteria (cluster 5) that have recently evolved to inhabit geographically disparate salinity niches. Our analysis is made possible by the sequencing of 58 new genomes from freshwater representatives of this group that are presented here, representing a 6-fold increase in the available genomic data. RESULTS Overall, freshwater strains had larger genomes (≈2.9 Mb) and %GC content (≈64%) compared to brackish (2.69 Mb and 64%) and marine (2.5 Mb and 58.5%) isolates. Genomic novelties/differences across the salinity divide highlighted acidic proteomes and specific salt adaptation pathways in marine isolates (e.g., osmolytes/compatible solutes - glycine betaine/ggp/gpg/gmg clusters and glycerolipids glpK/glpA), while freshwater strains possessed distinct ion/potassium channels, permeases (aquaporin Z), fatty acid desaturases, and more neutral/basic proteomes. Sulfur, nitrogen, phosphorus, carbon (photosynthesis), or stress tolerance metabolism while showing distinct genomic footprints between habitats, e.g., different types of transporters, did not obviously translate into major functionality differences between environments. Brackish microbes show a mixture of marine (salt adaptation pathways) and freshwater features, highlighting their transitional nature. CONCLUSIONS The plethora of freshwater isolates provided here, in terms of trophic status preference and genetic diversity, exemplifies their ability to colonize ecologically diverse waters across the globe. Moreover, a trend towards larger and more flexible/adaptive genomes in freshwater picocyanobacteria may hint at a wider number of ecological niches in this environment compared to the relatively homogeneous marine system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro J Cabello-Yeves
- Evolutionary Genomics Group, Departamento de Producción Vegetal y Microbiología, Universidad Miguel, Hernández, San Juan de Alicante, Alicante, Spain.
| | - Cristiana Callieri
- National Research Council (CNR), Institute of Water Research (IRSA), Verbania, Italy
| | - Antonio Picazo
- Cavanilles Institute of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology, University of Valencia, E-46980, Paterna, Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Paula Huber
- Instituto Tecnológico de Chascomús (INTECH), UNSAM-CONICET, Av. Intendente Marino Km 8,200, (7130) Chascomús, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Instituto Nacional de Limnología (INALI), CONICET-UNL, Ciudad Universitaria - Paraje el Pozo s/n, (3000), Santa Fé, Argentina
| | - Juan J Roda-Garcia
- Evolutionary Genomics Group, Departamento de Producción Vegetal y Microbiología, Universidad Miguel, Hernández, San Juan de Alicante, Alicante, Spain
| | - Maciej Bartosiewicz
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Olga I Belykh
- Limnological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 278, 664033, Irkutsk, Russia
| | - Irina V Tikhonova
- Limnological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 278, 664033, Irkutsk, Russia
| | | | | | - Richard J Puxty
- School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Andrew D Millard
- Department of Genetics and Genome Biology, University of Leicester, Leicester, LE1 7RH, UK
| | - Antonio Camacho
- Cavanilles Institute of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology, University of Valencia, E-46980, Paterna, Valencia, Spain
| | - Francisco Rodriguez-Valera
- Evolutionary Genomics Group, Departamento de Producción Vegetal y Microbiología, Universidad Miguel, Hernández, San Juan de Alicante, Alicante, Spain.,Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, 141701, Russia
| | - David J Scanlan
- School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK.
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49
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Dong H, Huang L, Zhao L, Zeng Q, Liu X, Sheng Y, Shi L, Wu G, Jiang H, Li F, Zhang L, Guo D, Li G, Hou W, Chen H. A critical review of mineral-microbe interaction and coevolution: mechanisms and applications. Natl Sci Rev 2022; 9:nwac128. [PMID: 36196117 PMCID: PMC9522408 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwac128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
The mineral-microbe interactions play important roles in environmental change, biogeochemical cycling of elements, and formation of ore deposits. Minerals provide both beneficial (physical and chemical protection, nutrients, and energy) and detrimental (toxic substances and oxidative pressure) effects to microbes, resulting in mineral-specific microbial colonization. Microbes impact dissolution, transformation, and precipitation of minerals through their activity, resulting in either genetically-controlled or metabolism-induced biomineralization. Through these interactions minerals and microbes coevolve through Earth history. The mineral-microbe interactions typically occur at microscopic scale but the effect is often manifested at global scale. Despite advances achieved through decades of research, major questions remain. Four areas are identified for future research: integrating mineral and microbial ecology, establishing mineral biosignatures, linking laboratory mechanistic investigation to field observation, and manipulating mineral-microbe interactions for the benefit of humankind.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailiang Dong
- Center for Geomicrobiology and Biogeochemistry Research, State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences , Beijing 100083 , China
| | - Liuqin Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences , Wuhan 430074 , China
| | - Linduo Zhao
- Illinois Sustainable Technology Center , Illinois State Water Survey, , Champaign , IL 61820 , USA
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Illinois State Water Survey, , Champaign , IL 61820 , USA
| | - Qiang Zeng
- Center for Geomicrobiology and Biogeochemistry Research, State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences , Beijing 100083 , China
| | - Xiaolei Liu
- Center for Geomicrobiology and Biogeochemistry Research, State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences , Beijing 100083 , China
| | - Yizhi Sheng
- Center for Geomicrobiology and Biogeochemistry Research, State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences , Beijing 100083 , China
| | - Liang Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences , Wuhan 430074 , China
| | - Geng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences , Wuhan 430074 , China
| | - Hongchen Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences , Wuhan 430074 , China
| | - Fangru Li
- Center for Geomicrobiology and Biogeochemistry Research, State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences , Beijing 100083 , China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Geology and Environmental Earth Science, Miami University , Oxford , OH 45056 , USA
| | - Dongyi Guo
- Center for Geomicrobiology and Biogeochemistry Research, State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences , Beijing 100083 , China
| | - Gaoyuan Li
- Center for Geomicrobiology and Biogeochemistry Research, State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences , Beijing 100083 , China
| | - Weiguo Hou
- Center for Geomicrobiology and Biogeochemistry Research, State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences , Beijing 100083 , China
| | - Hongyu Chen
- Center for Geomicrobiology and Biogeochemistry Research, State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences , Beijing 100083 , China
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50
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Shen LQ, Zhang ZC, Shang JL, Li ZK, Chen M, Li R, Qiu BS. Kovacikia minuta sp. nov. (Leptolyngbyaceae, Cyanobacteria), a new freshwater chlorophyll f-producing cyanobacterium. JOURNAL OF PHYCOLOGY 2022; 58:424-435. [PMID: 35279831 DOI: 10.1111/jpy.13248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
A few groups of cyanobacteria have been characterized as having far-red light photoacclimation (FaRLiP) that results from chlorophyll f (Chl f) production. In this study, using a polyphasic approach, we taxonomically transferred the Cf. Leptolyngbya sp. CCNUW1 isolated from a shaded freshwater pond, which produces Chl f under far-red light, to the genus Kovacikia and named this taxon Kovacikia minuta sp. nov. This strain was morphologically similar to Leptolyngbya-like strains. The thin filaments were purplish-brown under white light but became grass green under far-red light. The 31-gene phylogeny grouped K. minuta CCNU0001 into order Synechococcales and family Leptolyngbyaceae. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences further showed that K. minuta CCNU0001 was clustered into Kovacikia with similarities of 97.2-97.4% to the recently reported type species of Kovacikia muscicola HA7619-LM3. Additionally, the internal transcribed spacer region between 16S-23S rRNA genes had a unique sequence and secondary structure compared with other Kovacikia strains and phylogenetically related taxa. Draft genome sequences of K. minuta CCNU0001 (8,564,336 bp) were assembled into one circular chromosome and two circular plasmids. A FaRLiP 20-gene cluster comprised two operons with the unique organization. In sum, K. minuta was established as a new species, and it is the first species reported to produce Chl f and for which a draft genome was produced in genus Kovacikia. This study expanded our knowledge regarding the diversity of Chl f-producing cyanobacteria in far-red light-enriched environments and provides important foundational information for future investigations of FaRLiP evolution in cyanobacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Qin Shen
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, China
| | - Zhong-Chun Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, China
| | - Jin-Long Shang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, China
| | - Zheng-Ke Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, China
| | - Min Chen
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Translational Photosynthesis, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Renhui Li
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Bao-Sheng Qiu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, China
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