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Ma H, Jia X, Chen W, Yang J, Liu J, Zhang X, Cui K, Shangguan Z, Yan W. Impact of warming and nitrogen addition on soil greenhouse gas fluxes: A global perspective. J Environ Sci (China) 2025; 151:88-99. [PMID: 39481979 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2024.03.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 11/03/2024]
Abstract
Global warming and nitrogen (N) deposition have a profound impact on greenhouse gas (GHG) fluxes and consequently, they also affect climate change. However, the global combined effects of warming and N addition on GHG fluxes remain to be fully understood. To address this knowledge gap, a global meta-analysis of 197 datasets was performed to assess the response of GHG fluxes to warming and N addition and their interactions under various climate and experimental conditions. The results indicate that warming significantly increased CO2 emissions, while N addition and the combined warming and N addition treatments had no impact on CO2 emissions. Moreover, both warming and N addition and their interactions exhibited positive effects on N2O emissions. Under the combined warming and N addition treatments, warming was observed to exert a positive main effect on CO2 emissions, while N addition had a positive main effect on N2O emissions. The interactive effects of warming and N addition exhibited antagonistic effects on CO2, N2O, and CH4 emissions, with CH4 uptake dominated by additive effects. Furthermore, we identified biome and climate factors as the two treatments. These findings indicate that both warming and N addition substantially impact soil GHG fluxes and highlight the urgent need to investigate the influence of the combination of warming and N addition on terrestrial carbon and N cycling under ongoing global change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongze Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, College of Soil and Water Conservation Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiaoyu Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, College of Soil and Water Conservation Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Weiguang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, College of Soil and Water Conservation Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Jingyi Yang
- Shaanxi Institute of Geo-Environment Monitoring, Xi'an 710000, China
| | - Jin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, College of Soil and Water Conservation Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Xiaoshan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, College of Soil and Water Conservation Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Ke Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, College of Soil and Water Conservation Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Zhouping Shangguan
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, College of Soil and Water Conservation Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Weiming Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, College of Soil and Water Conservation Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
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Yu G, Zheng M, Wang YP, Yu M, Jiang J, Hou E, Cao N, Ye S, Chen S, Wu J, Liu F, Wang L, Zhang S, Xu P, Zhang D, Yan J. Trees show higher resilience than herbs under phosphorus deficit induced by 12-year simulated acid rain. Ecology 2025; 106:e70071. [PMID: 40207402 DOI: 10.1002/ecy.70071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2025] [Accepted: 02/19/2025] [Indexed: 04/11/2025]
Abstract
Acid rain, with 60% deposition in Asia, may exacerbate plant phosphorus (P) limitation; however, its long-term effects on different plant life-forms remain largely undetermined. Understanding these effects is essential for predicting ecosystem resilience and promoting forest health under environmental change. Herein, we investigated the P status in two tree and two herb species and their rhizosphere soils after 12 years of acid treatment at three pH levels (pH: 4.0, 3.5, and 3.0) in a tropical forest in Southern China. We found that leaf, litter, and root P; leaf N and P resorption efficiency; and their ratios remained stable in trees; however, herb leaf and litter P levels declined. Acid addition reduced inorganic P in tree rhizosphere soil and inorganic and organic P in herb rhizosphere soil. Rhizosphere soil P fractions were more regulated by soil physicochemical properties and less regulated by microbial community in trees than in herbs. Under long-term simulated acid rain, stable tree P status benefited from soil inorganic P depletion, and herbs partially met their P requirements via biological mineralization of soil organic P. These distinct P-associated responses and acquisition strategies provide insights into safeguarding forest health among plants of different functional types under long-term acid rain events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangcan Yu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- South China National Botanical Garden, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mianhai Zheng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- South China National Botanical Garden, Guangzhou, China
| | | | - Mengxiao Yu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- South China National Botanical Garden, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun Jiang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- South China National Botanical Garden, Guangzhou, China
| | - Enqing Hou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- South China National Botanical Garden, Guangzhou, China
| | - Nannan Cao
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, Pingdingshan University, Pingdingshan, Henan, China
| | - Shu Ye
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- South China National Botanical Garden, Guangzhou, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Songjia Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- South China National Botanical Garden, Guangzhou, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jingtao Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- South China National Botanical Garden, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fengcai Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- South China National Botanical Garden, Guangzhou, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Linhua Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- South China National Botanical Garden, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuo Zhang
- Zhaoqing Municipal Bureau of Forestry, Zhaoqing, China
- Center for Zhaoqing High-Level Talent Development, Zhaoqing, China
| | - Pingping Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- South China National Botanical Garden, Guangzhou, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Deqiang Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- South China National Botanical Garden, Guangzhou, China
| | - Junhua Yan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- South China National Botanical Garden, Guangzhou, China
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Legesse TG, Xiao J, Dong G, Dong X, Daba NA, Abeshu GW, Qu L, Zhu W, Wang L, Xin X, Shao C. Differential responses of plant and microbial respiration to extreme precipitation and drought during spring and summer in the Eurasian meadow steppe. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2025; 269:120883. [PMID: 39828193 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2025.120883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2024] [Revised: 01/07/2025] [Accepted: 01/16/2025] [Indexed: 01/22/2025]
Abstract
Increasing extreme precipitation and drought events along changes in their seasonal patterns due to climate change are expected to have profound consequences for carbon cycling. However, how these climate extremes impact ecosystem respiration (Reco) and whether these impacts differ between seasons remain unclear. Here, we reveal the responses of Reco and its components to extreme precipitation and drought in spring and summer by conducting a five-year manipulative experiment in a temperate meadow steppe. Based on a 5-year average, the seasonal mean values (±SE) of Reco, Rh, Rroot, Rabg and Rplant significantly increased (p < 0.01) under both extreme precipitation treatments: wet spring (WSP) and wet summer (WSU), and significantly decreased (p < 0.01) under both extreme drought treatments: dry spring (DSP) and dry summer (DSU), except in Rabg under DSU, which remained comparable to the control. The sensitivity of Reco, Rh, Rroot and Rplant to extreme precipitation was significantly higher in spring than in summer. On average, Rplant was the primary contributor of Reco, accounting for 37.18% and 38.31% of the total across all its components under WSP and WSU, respectively during the growing season over the five study years. Moreover, linear models revealed Rplant explained 87% of the variance in Reco. Our findings indicate that future changes in precipitation events, particularly extreme precipitation may lead to increased carbon release from ecosystems, largely driven by enhanced plant respiration rather than microbial respiration. However, due to this study focused solely on respiration and did not measure photosynthesis, the findings represent only the carbon release processes and do not account for potential carbon uptake by plants during the same conditions. These emergent identified contribution to ecosystem respiration provide valuable insights for improving model benchmarks to better predict ecosystem respiration responses to extreme climate in specified season.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsegaye Gemechu Legesse
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Arid and Semi-arid Arable Land in Northern China, National Hulunbuir Grassland Ecosystem Observation and Research Station, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Jingfeng Xiao
- Earth Systems Research Center, Institute for the Study of Earth, Oceans, and Space, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH, 03824, USA.
| | - Gang Dong
- School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China
| | - Xiaobing Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Arid and Semi-arid Arable Land in Northern China, National Hulunbuir Grassland Ecosystem Observation and Research Station, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Nano Alemu Daba
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Arid and Semi-arid Arable Land in Northern China, National Hulunbuir Grassland Ecosystem Observation and Research Station, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Guta Wakbulcho Abeshu
- Computational Climate Science, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, 99352, USA
| | - Luping Qu
- Forest Ecology Stable Isotope Center, Forestry College, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Wen Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Arid and Semi-arid Arable Land in Northern China, National Hulunbuir Grassland Ecosystem Observation and Research Station, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Lulu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Arid and Semi-arid Arable Land in Northern China, National Hulunbuir Grassland Ecosystem Observation and Research Station, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Xiaoping Xin
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Arid and Semi-arid Arable Land in Northern China, National Hulunbuir Grassland Ecosystem Observation and Research Station, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Changliang Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Arid and Semi-arid Arable Land in Northern China, National Hulunbuir Grassland Ecosystem Observation and Research Station, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China.
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Peng S, Zhang Y, Chen X, Chen C, Guo Y, Chen HYH. Species mixtures enhance fine root biomass but inhibit root decay under throughfall manipulation in young natural boreal forests. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 955:176952. [PMID: 39426541 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.176952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2024] [Revised: 10/11/2024] [Accepted: 10/13/2024] [Indexed: 10/21/2024]
Abstract
Fine roots play crucial roles in terrestrial biogeochemical cycles. Although biodiversity loss and changes in precipitation are two major drivers of global change, our understanding of their effects on fine root biomass (FRB), root functional traits, and fine root decay (FRD) remains incomplete. We manipulated precipitation in young boreal forests dominated by Populus tremuloides, Pinus banksiana, and their relatively even mixtures using 25 % addition, ambient, and 25 % reduction in throughfall during the growing season. We collected root samples using soil core and trunk-traced methods to quantify FRB and root traits, and we simulated fine root decay using an in-situ experiment over 531 days. We found that compared to the average of single-species-dominated stands, species mixtures increased FRB by 41 % under ambient throughfall, by 89 % under throughfall reduction and by 71 % under throughfall addition. Root surface area, fine root volume, and root length density responded to species mixtures similarly to FRB. Meanwhile, species mixtures reduced FRD across all water treatments. There was a positive relationship between the effect of species mixtures on the FRD of absorptive roots and those on the FRB. Our results highlight that species mixtures could modify carbon cycling by enhancing fine root biomass accumulation and reducing its decomposition of young boreal forests under changing precipitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sai Peng
- Faculty of Natural Resources Management, Lakehead University, 955 Oliver Road, Thunder Bay, Ontario P7B 5E1, Canada; State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 10093, China.
| | - Yakun Zhang
- Faculty of Natural Resources Management, Lakehead University, 955 Oliver Road, Thunder Bay, Ontario P7B 5E1, Canada
| | - Xinli Chen
- Faculty of Natural Resources Management, Lakehead University, 955 Oliver Road, Thunder Bay, Ontario P7B 5E1, Canada
| | - Chen Chen
- Faculty of Natural Resources Management, Lakehead University, 955 Oliver Road, Thunder Bay, Ontario P7B 5E1, Canada
| | - Yili Guo
- Faculty of Natural Resources Management, Lakehead University, 955 Oliver Road, Thunder Bay, Ontario P7B 5E1, Canada; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Plant Conservation and Restoration Ecology in Karst Terrain, Guangxi Institute of Botany, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guilin 541006, China
| | - Han Y H Chen
- Faculty of Natural Resources Management, Lakehead University, 955 Oliver Road, Thunder Bay, Ontario P7B 5E1, Canada
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Guo J, Li T, Wu T, Wang Z, Zou Z, Peng C, Zhou X, Li P, Liu Z, Tang J, Zhang C. Drought and warming interaction cause substantial economic losses in the carbon market potential of China's northern grasslands. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 953:176182. [PMID: 39270863 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.176182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2024] [Revised: 09/07/2024] [Accepted: 09/08/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024]
Abstract
Grasslands are being threatened by global drought and warming. Economic assessments of changing grassland carbon sequestration, a prerequisite for nature-based climate-change mitigation policies, are limited when researchers inadequate consider interactions between drought and warming. Here, we quantified the responses of 35 grass biomasses to combined drought and warming, based on manipulation experiments from 34 peer-reviewed papers; subsequently, we matched them with grasslands in northern China-the eastern range of the larger Eurasian Steppe-and further projected the economic implications for carbon market trading and carbon-sequestration costs. The results show that carbon sequestration in all grassland types, except for forbrich steppe, was significantly reduced by the synergistic interactions of drought and warming. Approximately 10 % of the grasslands in central Xinjiang, identified as forbrich steppe, showed resilience to these stressors. In contrast, the rest of northern China's grasslands suffered increased carbon losses due to drought and warming. The combined effects of drought and warming have caused a loss of 1.6 × 104 million Chinese yuan (CNY) in revenue and excess carbon-sequestration costs exceeding 1.1 × 105 million CNY. Overall, our study results indicate that the synergistic effects of drought and warming significantly undermine the economic viability of carbon sequestration in most of northern China's grasslands. As climate change intensifies, understanding and incorporating the complex interactions of drought and warming can aid in the sustainable management of grassland ecosystems and the development of effective climate-change mitigation policies in arenas, including carbon markets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingwen Guo
- School of Geographical Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
| | - Tong Li
- School of Geographical Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Eco-environmental Changes and Carbon Sequestration of the Dong-ting Lake Basin, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
| | - Tong Wu
- Natural Capital Project, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Zhaoguo Wang
- Center for Ecological Research, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Ziying Zou
- School of Geographical Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Eco-environmental Changes and Carbon Sequestration of the Dong-ting Lake Basin, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China.
| | - Changhui Peng
- School of Geographical Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Eco-environmental Changes and Carbon Sequestration of the Dong-ting Lake Basin, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China; Department of Biology Sciences, Institute of Environment Sciences, University of Quebec at Montreal, C.P. 8888, Succ. Centre-ville, Montreal H3C 3P8, Canada
| | - Xiaolu Zhou
- School of Geographical Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Eco-environmental Changes and Carbon Sequestration of the Dong-ting Lake Basin, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
| | - Peng Li
- School of Geographical Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Eco-environmental Changes and Carbon Sequestration of the Dong-ting Lake Basin, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
| | - Zelin Liu
- School of Geographical Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Eco-environmental Changes and Carbon Sequestration of the Dong-ting Lake Basin, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
| | - Jiayi Tang
- School of Geographical Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Eco-environmental Changes and Carbon Sequestration of the Dong-ting Lake Basin, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
| | - Cicheng Zhang
- School of Geographical Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Eco-environmental Changes and Carbon Sequestration of the Dong-ting Lake Basin, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
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Yang Y, Bao W, Hu H, Wu N, Li F, Wang Z, Hu B, Yang T, Li X. Environmental factors drive latitudinal patterns of fine-root architectures of 96 xerophytic species in the dry valleys of Southwest China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 950:175352. [PMID: 39117225 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.175352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Revised: 08/05/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
Fine-root architecture is critical feature reflecting root explorative and exploitative strategies for soil resources and soil space occupancy. Yet, studies on the variation of fine-root architecture across different species are scare and little work has been done to integrate the potential drivers on these variations along a biogeographical gradient in arid ecosystems. We measured root branching intensity, topological index, and root branching ratios as well as morphological traits (root diameter and length) in dry valley along a 1000 km latitudinal gradient. Influence of phylogeny, environmental factors on fine-root architecture and trade-offs among root traits were evaluated. With increasing latitude, the topological index and second to third root order branching ratio decreased, whereas first-to-second branching ratio increased. Root branching intensity was associated with short and thin fine roots, but has no significant latitudinal pattern. As a whole, soil microbial biomass was the most important driver in the variation of root branching intensity, and soil texture was the strongest predictor of topological index. Additionally, mean annual temperature was an important factor influencing first-to-second branching ratio. Our results suggest variations in fine-root architectures were more dependent on environmental variables than phylogeny, signifying that fine-root architecture is sensitive to environmental variations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Yang
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610213, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Weikai Bao
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610213, China
| | - Hui Hu
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610213, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ning Wu
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610213, China
| | - Fanglan Li
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610213, China.
| | - Zilong Wang
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610213, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Bin Hu
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610213, China
| | - Tinghui Yang
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610213, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiaojuan Li
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610213, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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Wang X, Li Z, Zhang L, Wang Y, Liu Y, Ma Y. The optimized Maxent model reveals the pattern of distribution and changes in the suitable cultivation areas for Reaumuria songarica being driven by climate change. Ecol Evol 2024; 14:e70015. [PMID: 39026959 PMCID: PMC11255383 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.70015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 06/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Reaumuria songarica, a drought-resistant shrub, is widely distributed and plays a crucial role in the northern deserts of China. It is a key species for desert rehabilitation and afforestation efforts. Using the Maxent model to predict suitable planting areas for R. songarica is an important strategy for combating desertification. With 184 occurrence points of R. songarica and 13 environmental variables, the optimized Maxent model has identified the main limiting factors for its distribution. Distribution patterns and variation trends of R. songarica were projected for current and future climates (2030s, 2050s, 2070s, and 2090s) and different scenarios (ssp_126, ssp_370, and ssp_585). Results show that setting parameters to RM (regulation multiplier) = 4 and FC (feature combination) = LQHPT yields a model with good accuracy and high reliability. Currently, R. songarica is primarily suitable for desert control in eight provinces and autonomous regions, including Inner Mongolia, Xinjiang, Qinghai, and Ningxia. The total suitable planting area is 148.80 × 104 km2, representing 15.45% of China's land area. Precipitation (Precipitation of the wettest month, Precipitation of the warmest quarter, and Annual precipitation) and Ultraviolet-B seasonality are the primary environmental factors limiting the growth and distribution of R. songarica. Mean temperature of the warmest quarter is the primary factor driving changes in the distribution of suitable areas for R. songarica under future climate scenarios. In future climate scenarios, the suitable planting area of R. songarica will shrink, and the distribution center will shift towards higher latitude, potentially indicate further desertification. The area of highly suitable habitat has increased, while moderately and less suitable habitat areas have decreased. Increased precipitation within R. songarica's water tolerance range is favorable for its growth and reproduction. With changes in the suitable cultivation area for R. songarica, priority should be given to exploring and utilizing its germplasm resources. Introduction and cultivation can be conducted in expanding regions, while scientifically effective measures should be implemented to protect germplasm resources in contracting regions. The findings of this study provide a theoretical basis for addressing desertification resulting from climate change and offer practical insights for the development, utilization, introduction, and cultivation of R. songarica germplasm resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyou Wang
- Qinghai Academy of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Adaptive Management on Alpine Grassland, Key Laboratory of Superior Forage Germplasm in the Qinghai‐Tibetan Plateau, Qinghai UniversityXiningQinghaiChina
| | - Zhengsheng Li
- Qinghai Academy of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Adaptive Management on Alpine Grassland, Key Laboratory of Superior Forage Germplasm in the Qinghai‐Tibetan Plateau, Qinghai UniversityXiningQinghaiChina
| | - Lijun Zhang
- Qinghai Academy of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Adaptive Management on Alpine Grassland, Key Laboratory of Superior Forage Germplasm in the Qinghai‐Tibetan Plateau, Qinghai UniversityXiningQinghaiChina
| | - Yanlong Wang
- Qinghai Academy of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Adaptive Management on Alpine Grassland, Key Laboratory of Superior Forage Germplasm in the Qinghai‐Tibetan Plateau, Qinghai UniversityXiningQinghaiChina
| | - Ying Liu
- Qinghai Academy of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Adaptive Management on Alpine Grassland, Key Laboratory of Superior Forage Germplasm in the Qinghai‐Tibetan Plateau, Qinghai UniversityXiningQinghaiChina
| | - Yushou Ma
- Qinghai Academy of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Adaptive Management on Alpine Grassland, Key Laboratory of Superior Forage Germplasm in the Qinghai‐Tibetan Plateau, Qinghai UniversityXiningQinghaiChina
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Chen S, Huang K, Hu L, Wang P, Hu S. Precipitation- rather than temperature-driven pattern in belowground biomass and root:shoot ratio across the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 915:170158. [PMID: 38224890 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau faces dramatic global change, which can greatly affect its plant growth, biomass accumulation, and carbon cycling. However, it is still unclear how belowground plant biomass, which is the major part of vegetation biomass on the plateau, changes with different environmental factors, impeding accurate prediction of ecosystem carbon cycling under future global change scenarios. To reveal the patterns of belowground biomass and root:shoot ratio with environmental factors in different vegetation types on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, we synthesized data for 158 sites from 167 publications, including 585 and 379 observations for above- and below-ground biomass, respectively. Data on temperature, precipitation, soil nitrogen content, evapotranspiration and solar radiation were collected from open databases. The results showed that precipitation, rather than temperature, was closely associated with other environmental factors including soil N and solar radiation. Also, both above- and below-ground biomass significantly increased with annual precipitation and its related environmental factors, while elevation-related coldness only slightly decreased aboveground biomass. In addition, the positive effect of precipitation on belowground biomass is more obvious in higher elevations (colder areas). As a result, root:shoot ratio significantly increased with precipitation in colder areas but not in warmer areas. Finally, the positive relationship between biomass and precipitation was stronger for dryer steppes than for wetter meadows and shrublands. Our findings indicate that precipitation, as well as the associated nitrogen availability and solar radiation, together are more important drivers than temperature for ecosystem productivity and biomass allocation on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Given the heterogeneous trend of precipitation change on the plateau, productivity response to global change can be highly variable across different regions and vegetation types, which can consequently impact soil carbon dynamics and regional carbon cycling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sihan Chen
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095 Nanjing, China
| | - Kailing Huang
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095 Nanjing, China; Ecology, Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, 78464 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Lingyan Hu
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095 Nanjing, China
| | - Peng Wang
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095 Nanjing, China.
| | - Shuijin Hu
- Department of Entomology & Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, United States
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Chen C, Chen L, Mao C, Jin L, Wu S, Zheng Y, Cui Z, Li Z, Zhang Y, Zhu S, Jiang H, Liu X. Natural Extracts for Antibacterial Applications. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2306553. [PMID: 37847896 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202306553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 09/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
Bacteria-induced epidemics and infectious diseases are seriously threatening the health of people around the world. In addition, antibiotic therapy has been inducing increasingly more serious bacterial resistance, which makes it urgent to develop new treatment strategies to combat bacteria, including multidrug-resistant bacteria. Natural extracts displaying antibacterial activity and good biocompatibility have attracted much attention due to greater concerns about the safety of synthetic chemicals and emerging drug resistance. These antibacterial components can be isolated and utilized as antimicrobials, as well as transformed, combined, or wrapped with other substances by using modern assistive technologies to fight bacteria synergistically. This review summarizes recent advances in natural extracts from three kinds of sources-plants, animals, and microorganisms-for antibacterial applications. This work discusses the corresponding antibacterial mechanisms and the future development of natural extracts in antibacterial fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuihong Chen
- Biomedical Materials Engineering Research Center, Hubei Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, Ministry-of-Education Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials, School of Materials Science & Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, China
- School of Health Science & Biomedical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Xiping Avenue 5340#, Tianjin, 300401, China
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Peking University, Yiheyuan Road 5#, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Lin Chen
- Biomedical Materials Engineering Research Center, Hubei Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, Ministry-of-Education Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials, School of Materials Science & Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, China
- School of Health Science & Biomedical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Xiping Avenue 5340#, Tianjin, 300401, China
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Peking University, Yiheyuan Road 5#, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Congyang Mao
- Biomedical Materials Engineering Research Center, Hubei Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, Ministry-of-Education Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials, School of Materials Science & Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, China
| | - Liguo Jin
- Biomedical Materials Engineering Research Center, Hubei Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, Ministry-of-Education Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials, School of Materials Science & Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, China
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Peking University, Yiheyuan Road 5#, Beijing, 100871, China
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, the Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology by the Ministry of Education of China, Tianjin University, Yaguan Road 135#, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Shuilin Wu
- Biomedical Materials Engineering Research Center, Hubei Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, Ministry-of-Education Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials, School of Materials Science & Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, China
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Peking University, Yiheyuan Road 5#, Beijing, 100871, China
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, the Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology by the Ministry of Education of China, Tianjin University, Yaguan Road 135#, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Yufeng Zheng
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Peking University, Yiheyuan Road 5#, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Zhenduo Cui
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, the Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology by the Ministry of Education of China, Tianjin University, Yaguan Road 135#, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Zhaoyang Li
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, the Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology by the Ministry of Education of China, Tianjin University, Yaguan Road 135#, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Shengli Zhu
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, the Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology by the Ministry of Education of China, Tianjin University, Yaguan Road 135#, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Hui Jiang
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, the Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology by the Ministry of Education of China, Tianjin University, Yaguan Road 135#, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Xiangmei Liu
- Biomedical Materials Engineering Research Center, Hubei Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, Ministry-of-Education Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials, School of Materials Science & Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, China
- School of Health Science & Biomedical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Xiping Avenue 5340#, Tianjin, 300401, China
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Zhang L, Han G, Zhou L, Li X, Wang X, Zhang X, Xiao L. Moderate increase of precipitation stimulates CO 2 production by regulating soil organic carbon in a saltmarsh. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1328965. [PMID: 38328421 PMCID: PMC10847529 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1328965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Saltmarsh is widely recognized as a blue carbon ecosystem with great carbon storage potential. Yet soil respiration with a major contributor of atmospheric CO2 can offset its carbon sink function. Up to date, mechanisms ruling CO2 emissions from saltmarsh soil remain unclear. In particular, the effect of precipitation on soil CO2 emissions is unclear in coastal wetlands, due the lack of outdoor data in real situations. We conducted a 7-year field manipulation experiment in a saltmarsh in the Yellow River Delta, China. Soil respiration in five treatments (-60%, -40%, +0%, +40%, and + 60% of precipitation) was measured in the field. Topsoils from the last 3 years (2019-2021) were analyzed for CO2 production potential by microcosm experiments. Furthermore, quality and quantity of soil organic carbon and microbial function were tested. Results show that only the moderate precipitation rise of +40% induced a 66.2% increase of CO2 production potential for the microcosm experiments, whereas other data showed a weak impact. Consistently, soil respiration was also found to be strongest at +40%. The CO2 production potential is positively correlated with soil organic carbon, including carbon quantity and quality. But microbial diversity did not show any positive response to precipitation sizes. r-/K-strategy seemed to be a plausible explanation for biological factors. Overall, our finding reveal that a moderate precipitation increase, not decrease or a robust increase, in a saltmarsh is likely to improve soil organic carbon quality and quantity, and bacterial oligotroph:copiotroph ratio, ultimately leading to an enhanced CO2 production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lirong Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Guangxuan Han
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes, Yantai, China
- The Yellow River Delta Ecological Research Station of Coastal Wetland, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, China
| | - Lifeng Zhou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, China
- School of Geography and Environment, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, China
| | - Xinge Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- The College of Geography and Environmental Science, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Xiaojie Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes, Yantai, China
- The Yellow River Delta Ecological Research Station of Coastal Wetland, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, China
| | - Xiaoshuai Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes, Yantai, China
- The Yellow River Delta Ecological Research Station of Coastal Wetland, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, China
| | - Leilei Xiao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes, Yantai, China
- The Yellow River Delta Ecological Research Station of Coastal Wetland, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, China
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11
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Xu S, Wang J, Sayer EJ, Lam SK, Lai DYF. Precipitation change affects forest soil carbon inputs and pools: A global meta-analysis. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 908:168171. [PMID: 37923258 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
The impacts of precipitation change on forest carbon (C) storage will have global consequences, as forests play a major role in sequestering anthropogenic CO2. Although forest soils are one of the largest terrestrial C pools, there is great uncertainty around the response of forest soil organic carbon (SOC) to precipitation change, which limits our ability to predict future forest C storage. To address this, we conducted a meta-analysis to determine the effect of drought and irrigation experiments on SOC pools, plant C inputs and the soil environment based on 161 studies across 139 forest sites worldwide. Overall, forest SOC content was not affected by precipitation change, but both drought and irrigation altered plant C inputs and soil properties associated with SOC formation and storage. Drought may enhance SOC stability by altering soil aggregate fractions, but the effect of irrigation on SOC fractions remains unexplored. The apparent insensitivity of SOC to precipitation change can be explained by the short duration of most experiments and by biome-specific responses of C inputs and pools to drought or irrigation. Importantly, we demonstrate that SOC content is more likely to decline under irrigation at drier temperate sites, but that dry forests are currently underrepresented across experimental studies. Thus, our meta-analysis advances research into the impacts of precipitation change in forests by revealing important differences among forest biomes, which are likely linked to plant adaptation to extant conditions. We further demonstrate important knowledge gaps around how precipitation change will affect SOC stability, as too few studies currently consider distinct soil C pools. To accurately predict future SOC storage in forests, there is an urgent need for coordinated studies of different soil C pools and fractions across existing sites, as well as new experiments in underrepresented forest types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Xu
- Department of Geography and Resource Management, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil and Groundwater Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Junjian Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil and Groundwater Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Emma J Sayer
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster, LA1 4YQ, United Kingdom; Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, P.O. Box 0843-03092, Balboa, Ancon, Panama, Republic of Panama
| | - Shu Kee Lam
- School of Agriculture and Food, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Derrick Y F Lai
- Department of Geography and Resource Management, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China; Centre for Environmental Policy and Resource Management, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China.
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12
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Mohmedi Kartalaei Z, Kooch Y, Dianati Tilaki GA. Litter and soil properties under woody and non-woody vegetation types: Implication for ecosystem management in a mountainous semi-arid landscape. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 348:119238. [PMID: 37820433 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.119238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
There are contrasting reports about whether and how vegetation types influence litter and soil properties. Accurate and comprehensive assessment of the complex relationship between vegetation types, litter and soil characteristics in semi-arid mountain landscapes is almost unknown. Thus, the purpose of this research was to study the effects of (1) Carpinus orientalis Miller., (2) Crataegus melanocarpa M.B., (3) Rhamnus pallasii Fisch. and C.A.Mey, (4) Agropyron longiaristatum Boiss, (5) Bromus tomentolus Bioss. and (6) Hordeum vulgare L. on litter properties and soil physical, chemical, biochemical and biological features in northern Iran. A sampling of the organic layer (litter) and mineral soil (30 × 30 cm) from a depth of 0-10 cm was done for all characteristics in the summer season and for soil microclimate and biological characteristics in the summer and fall seasons. A total of 90 litter samples, 90 soil samples in summer and 90 soil samples in fall (6 vegetation types × 2 seasons × 15 samples) were taken from the area and transferred to the laboratory. Results showed that the Carpinus improved litter properties, soil organic matter contents, total N and available nutrients (P, K, Ca and Mg) and enzyme activities (urease, acid phosphatase, arylsulfatase and invertase). In addition, the population of earthworm groups (epigeic, anecic, and endogeic), acarina, collembola, nematodes, protozoa (especially in the fall season) and bacteria and fungi (especially in the summer season) under Carpinus significantly increased. Data analysis demonstrated higher soil fertility and biological activities in the woody vegetation, which can be assigned to the higher litter input and nutrients. Overall, the findings of this study showed that woody vegetation, especially Carpinus, can improve soil properties at high altitudes of mountainous, semi-arid sites that are often considered as especially fragile and sensitive ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Mohmedi Kartalaei
- Faculty of Natural Resources & Marine Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, 46417-76489, Noor, Mazandaran, Iran.
| | - Yahya Kooch
- Faculty of Natural Resources & Marine Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, 46417-76489, Noor, Mazandaran, Iran.
| | - Ghasem Ali Dianati Tilaki
- Faculty of Natural Resources & Marine Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, 46417-76489, Noor, Mazandaran, Iran.
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Guasconi D, Manzoni S, Hugelius G. Climate-dependent responses of root and shoot biomass to drought duration and intensity in grasslands-a meta-analysis. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 903:166209. [PMID: 37572920 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the effects of altered precipitation regimes on root biomass in grasslands is crucial for predicting grassland responses to climate change. Nonetheless, studies investigating the effects of drought on belowground vegetation have produced mixed results. In particular, root biomass under reduced precipitation may increase, decrease or show a delayed response compared to shoot biomass, highlighting a knowledge gap in the relationship between belowground net primary production and drought. To address this gap, we conducted a meta-analysis of nearly 100 field observations of grassland root and shoot biomass changes under experimental rainfall reduction to disentangle the main drivers behind grassland responses to drought. Using a response-ratio approach we tested the hypothesis that water scarcity would induce a decrease in total biomass, but an increase in belowground biomass allocation with increased drought length and intensity, and that climate (as defined by the aridity index of the study location) would be an additional predictor. As expected, meteorological drought decreased root and shoot biomass, but aboveground and belowground biomass exhibited contrasting responses to drought duration and intensity, and their interaction with climate. In particular, drought duration had negative effects on root biomass only in wet climates while more intense drought had negative effects on root biomass only in dry climates. Shoot biomass responded negatively to drought duration regardless of climate. These results show that long-term climate is an important modulator of belowground vegetation responses to drought, which might be a consequence of different drought tolerance and adaptation strategies. This variability in vegetation responses to drought suggests that physiological plasticity and community composition shifts may mediate how climate affects carbon allocation in grasslands, and thus ultimately carbon storage in soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Guasconi
- Department of Physical Geography, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden; Bolin Centre for Climate Research, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Stefano Manzoni
- Department of Physical Geography, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden; Bolin Centre for Climate Research, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Gustaf Hugelius
- Department of Physical Geography, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden; Bolin Centre for Climate Research, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
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Li J, Deng L, Peñuelas J, Wu J, Shangguan Z, Sardans J, Peng C, Kuzyakov Y. C:N:P stoichiometry of plants, soils, and microorganisms: Response to altered precipitation. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2023; 29:7051-7071. [PMID: 37787740 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.16959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
Precipitation changes modify C, N, and P cycles, which regulate the functions and structure of terrestrial ecosystems. Although altered precipitation affects above- and belowground C:N:P stoichiometry, considerable uncertainties remain regarding plant-microbial nutrient allocation strategies under increased (IPPT) and decreased (DPPT) precipitation. We meta-analyzed 827 observations from 235 field studies to investigate the effects of IPPT and DPPT on the C:N:P stoichiometry of plants, soils, and microorganisms. DPPT reduced leaf C:N ratio, but increased the leaf and root N:P ratios reflecting stronger decrease of P compared with N mobility in soil under drought. IPPT increased microbial biomass C (+13%), N (+15%), P (26%), and the C:N ratio, whereas DPPT decreased microbial biomass N (-12%) and the N:P ratio. The C:N and N:P ratios of plant leaves were more sensitive to medium DPPT than to IPPT because drought increased plant N content, particularly in humid areas. The responses of plant and soil C:N:P stoichiometry to altered precipitation did not fit the double asymmetry model with a positive asymmetry under IPPT and a negative asymmetry under extreme DPPT. Soil microorganisms were more sensitive to IPPT than to DPPT, but they were more sensitive to extreme DPPT than extreme IPPT, consistent with the double asymmetry model. Soil microorganisms maintained stoichiometric homeostasis, whereas N:P ratios of plants follow that of the soils under altered precipitation. In conclusion, specific N allocation strategies of plants and microbial communities as well as N and P availability in soil critically mediate C:N:P stoichiometry by altered precipitation that need to be considered by prediction of ecosystem functions and C cycling under future climate change scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiwei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, College of Soil and Water Conservation Science and Engineering (Institute of Soil and Water Conservation), Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, Yangling, China
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Lei Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, College of Soil and Water Conservation Science and Engineering (Institute of Soil and Water Conservation), Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, Yangling, China
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Josep Peñuelas
- CREAF, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain
- CSIC, Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC-UAB, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jianzhao Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, College of Soil and Water Conservation Science and Engineering (Institute of Soil and Water Conservation), Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Zhouping Shangguan
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, College of Soil and Water Conservation Science and Engineering (Institute of Soil and Water Conservation), Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, Yangling, China
| | - Jordi Sardans
- CREAF, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain
- CSIC, Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC-UAB, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Changhui Peng
- Center of CEF/ESCER, Department of Biological Science, University of Quebec at Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Yakov Kuzyakov
- Department of Soil Science of Temperate Ecosystems, University of Goettingen, Göttingen, Germany
- Department of Agricultural Soil Science, University of Goettingen, Göttingen, Germany
- Peoples Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russia
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15
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Jaeger FC, Handa IT, Paquette A, Parker WC, Messier C. Young temperate tree species show different fine root acclimation capacity to growing season water availability. PLANT AND SOIL 2023; 496:485-504. [PMID: 38510944 PMCID: PMC10948563 DOI: 10.1007/s11104-023-06377-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Background and aims Changes in water availability during the growing season are becoming more frequent due to climate change. Our study aimed to compare the fine-root acclimation capacity (plasticity) of six temperate tree species aged six years and exposed to high or low growing season soil water availability over five years. Methods Root samples were collected from the five upper strata of mineral soil to a total soil depth of 30 cm in monoculture plots of Acer saccharum Marsh., Betula papyrifera Marsh., Larix laricina K. Koch, Pinus strobus L., Picea glauca (Moench) Voss and Quercus rubra L. established at the International Diversity Experiment Network with Trees (IDENT) field experiment in Sault Ste. Marie, Ontario, Canada. Four replicates of each monoculture were subjected to high or low water availability treatments. Results Absorptive fine root density increased by 67% for Larix laricina, and 90% for Picea glauca, under the high-water availability treatment at 0-5 cm soil depth. The two late successional, slower growing tree species, Acer saccharum and Picea glauca, showed higher plasticity in absorptive fine root biomass in the upper 5 cm of soil (PIv = 0.36 & 0.54 respectively), and lower plasticity in fine root depth over the entire 30 cm soil profile compared to the early successional, faster growing tree species Betula papyrifera and Larix laricina. Conclusion Temperate tree species show contrasting acclimation responses in absorptive fine root biomass and rooting depth to differences in water availability. Some of these responses vary with tree species successional status and seem to benefit both early and late successional tree species. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11104-023-06377-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florentin C. Jaeger
- Centre for Forest Research, Département des Sciences Biologiques, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, QC Canada
| | - I. Tanya Handa
- Centre for Forest Research, Département des Sciences Biologiques, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, QC Canada
| | - Alain Paquette
- Centre for Forest Research, Département des Sciences Biologiques, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, QC Canada
| | - William C. Parker
- Forest Research and Monitoring Section, Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources and Forestry, Sault Ste. Marie, ON Canada
| | - Christian Messier
- Centre for Forest Research, Département des Sciences Biologiques, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, QC Canada
- Institut des Sciences de La Forêt tempérée, Université du Québec en Outaouais, Ripon, Canada
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16
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Saha S, Huang L, Khoso MA, Wu H, Han D, Ma X, Poudel TR, Li B, Zhu M, Lan Q, Sakib N, Wei R, Islam MZ, Zhang P, Shen H. Fine root decomposition in forest ecosystems: an ecological perspective. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1277510. [PMID: 38023858 PMCID: PMC10643187 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1277510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Fine root decomposition is a physio-biochemical activity that is critical to the global carbon cycle (C) in forest ecosystems. It is crucial to investigate the mechanisms and factors that control fine root decomposition in forest ecosystems to understand their system-level carbon balance. This process can be influenced by several abiotic (e.g., mean annual temperature, mean annual precipitation, site elevation, stand age, salinity, soil pH) and biotic (e.g., microorganism, substrate quality) variables. Comparing decomposition rates within sites reveals positive impacts of nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations and negative effects of lignin concentration. Nevertheless, estimating the actual fine root breakdown is difficult due to inadequate methods, anthropogenic activities, and the impact of climate change. Herein, we propose that how fine root substrate and soil physiochemical characteristics interact with soil microorganisms to influence fine root decomposition. This review summarized the elements that influence this process, as well as the research methods used to investigate it. There is also need to study the influence of annual and seasonal changes affecting fine root decomposition. This cumulative evidence will provide information on temporal and spatial dynamics of forest ecosystems, and will determine how logging and reforestation affect fine root decomposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudipta Saha
- College of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Lei Huang
- College of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Muneer Ahmed Khoso
- Key Laboratory of Saline-Alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, Department of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Haibo Wu
- College of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
- Key Laboratory of Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Donghui Han
- College of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Xiao Ma
- College of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Tika Ram Poudel
- Feline Research Center of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, College of Wildlife and Protected Area, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Bei Li
- College of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Meiru Zhu
- College of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Qiurui Lan
- College of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Nazmus Sakib
- College of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Ruxiao Wei
- College of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Md. Zahirul Islam
- Key Laboratory of Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- College of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
- Key Laboratory of Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Hailong Shen
- College of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
- State Forestry and Grassland Administration Engineering Technology Research Center of Korean Pine, Harbin, China
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Wang Z, Wang C. Interactive effects of elevated temperature and drought on plant carbon metabolism: A meta-analysis. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2023; 29:2824-2835. [PMID: 36794475 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.16639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Elevated temperature (Te ) and drought often co-occur and interactively affect plant carbon (C) metabolism and thus the ecosystem C cycling; however, the magnitude of their interaction is unclear, making the projection of global change impacts challenging. Here, we compiled 107 journal articles in which temperature and water availability were jointly manipulated, and we performed a meta-analysis of interactive effects of Te and drought on leaf photosynthesis (Agrowth ) and respiration (Rgrowth ) at growth temperature, nonstructural carbohydrates and biomass of plants, and their dependencies on experimental and biological moderators (e.g., treatment intensity, plant functional type). Our results showed that, overall, there was no significant interaction of Te and drought on Agrowth . Te accelerated Rgrowth under well-watered conditions rather than under drought conditions. The Te × drought interaction on leaf soluble sugar and starch concentrations were neutral and negative, respectively. The effect of Te and drought on plant biomass displayed a negative interaction, with Te deteriorating the drought impacts. Drought induced an increase in root to shoot ratio at ambient temperature but not at Te . The magnitudes of Te and drought negatively modulated the Te × drought interactions on Agrowth . Root biomass of woody plants was more vulnerable to drought than that of herbaceous plants at ambient temperature, but this difference diminished at Te . Perennial herbs exhibited a stronger amplifying effect of Te on plant biomass in response to drought than did annual herbs. Te exacerbated the responses of Agrowth and stomatal conductance to drought for evergreen broadleaf trees rather than for deciduous broadleaf and evergreen coniferous trees. A negative Te × drought interaction on plant biomass was observed on species-level rather than on community-level. Collectively, our findings provide a mechanistic understanding of the interactive effects of Te and drought on plant C metabolism, which would improve the prediction of climate change impacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoguo Wang
- Center for Ecological Research, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
- Key Laboratory of Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management-Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Chuankuan Wang
- Center for Ecological Research, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
- Key Laboratory of Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management-Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
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18
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Li X, Hou Y, Chu X, Zhao M, Wei S, Song W, Li P, Wang X, Han G. Ambient precipitation determines the sensitivity of soil respiration to precipitation treatments in a marsh. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2023; 29:2301-2312. [PMID: 36597706 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.16581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The effects in field manipulation experiments are strongly influenced by amplified interannual variation in ambient climate as the experimental duration increases. Soil respiration (SR), as an important part of the carbon cycle in terrestrial ecosystems, is sensitive to climate changes such as temperature and precipitation changes. A growing body of evidence has indicated that ambient climate affects the temperature sensitivity of SR, which benchmarks the strength of terrestrial soil carbon-climate feedbacks. However, whether SR sensitivity to precipitation changes is influenced by ambient climate is still not clear. In addition, the mechanism driving the above phenomenon is still poorly understood. Here, a long-term field manipulation experiment with five precipitation treatments (-60%, -40%, +0%, +40%, and +60% of annual precipitation) was conducted in a marsh in the Yellow River Delta, China, which is sensitive to soil drying-wetting cycle caused by precipitation changes. Results showed that SR increased exponentially along the experimental precipitation gradient each year and the sensitivity of SR (standardized by per 100 mm change in precipitation under precipitation treatments) exhibited significant interannual variation from 2016 to 2021. In addition, temperature, net radiation, and ambient precipitation all exhibited dramatic interannual variability; however, only ambient precipitation had a significant negative correlation with SR sensitivity. Moreover, the sensitivity of SR was significantly positively related to the sensitivity of belowground biomass (BGB) across 6 years. Structural equation modeling and regression analysis also showed that precipitation treatments significantly affected SR and its autotrophic and heterotrophic components by altering BGB. Our study demonstrated that ambient precipitation determines the sensitivity of SR to precipitation treatments in marshes. The findings underscore the importance of ambient climate in regulating ecosystem responses in long-term field manipulation experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinge Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, P.R. China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes, Yantai, P.R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
- The Yellow River Delta Ecological Research Station of Coastal Wetland, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, P.R. China
| | - Yalin Hou
- College of Geography and Environmental Science, Henan University, Kaifeng, P.R. China
| | - Xiaojing Chu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, P.R. China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes, Yantai, P.R. China
- The Yellow River Delta Ecological Research Station of Coastal Wetland, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, P.R. China
| | - Mingliang Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, P.R. China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes, Yantai, P.R. China
- The Yellow River Delta Ecological Research Station of Coastal Wetland, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, P.R. China
| | - Siyu Wei
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, P.R. China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes, Yantai, P.R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Weimin Song
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, P.R. China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes, Yantai, P.R. China
- The Yellow River Delta Ecological Research Station of Coastal Wetland, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, P.R. China
| | - Peiguang Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, P.R. China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes, Yantai, P.R. China
- The Yellow River Delta Ecological Research Station of Coastal Wetland, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, P.R. China
| | - Xiaojie Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, P.R. China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes, Yantai, P.R. China
- The Yellow River Delta Ecological Research Station of Coastal Wetland, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, P.R. China
| | - Guangxuan Han
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, P.R. China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes, Yantai, P.R. China
- The Yellow River Delta Ecological Research Station of Coastal Wetland, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, P.R. China
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19
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Du Y, Wang YP, Hui D, Su F, Yan J. Significant effects of precipitation frequency on soil respiration and its components-A global synthesis. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2023; 29:1188-1205. [PMID: 36408676 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.16532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Global warming intensifies the hydrological cycle, which results in changes in precipitation regime (frequency and amount), and will likely have significant impacts on soil respiration (Rs ). Although the responses of Rs to changes in precipitation amount have been extensively studied, there is little consensus on how Rs will be affected by changes in precipitation frequency (PF) across the globe. Here, we synthesized the field observations from 296 published papers to quantify the effects of PF on Rs and its components using meta-analysis. Our results indicated that the effects of PF on Rs decreased with an increase in background mean annual precipitation. When the data were grouped by climate conditions, increased PF showed positive effects on Rs under the arid condition but not under the semi-humid or humid conditions, whereas decreased PF suppressed Rs across all the climate conditions. The positive effects of increased PF mainly resulted from the positive response of heterotrophic respiration under the arid condition while the negative effects of decreased PF were mainly attributed to the reductions in root biomass and respiration. Overall, our global synthesis provided for the first time a comprehensive analysis of the divergent effects of PF on Rs and its components across climate regions. This study also provided a framework for understanding and modeling responses of ecosystem carbon cycling to global precipitation change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Du
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- College of Geography and Environmental Science, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Ying-Ping Wang
- CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, Aspendale, Victoria, Australia
| | - Dafeng Hui
- Department of Biological Sciences, Tennessee State University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Fanglong Su
- School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Junhua Yan
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
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20
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Sun Y, Alseekh S, Fernie AR. Plant secondary metabolic responses to global climate change: A meta-analysis in medicinal and aromatic plants. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2023; 29:477-504. [PMID: 36271675 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.16484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Plant secondary metabolites (SMs) play crucial roles in plant-environment interactions and contribute greatly to human health. Global climate changes are expected to dramatically affect plant secondary metabolism, yet a systematic understanding of such influences is still lacking. Here, we employed medicinal and aromatic plants (MAAPs) as model plant taxa and performed a meta-analysis from 360 publications using 1828 paired observations to assess the responses of different SMs levels and the accompanying plant traits to elevated carbon dioxide (eCO2 ), elevated temperature (eT), elevated nitrogen deposition (eN) and decreased precipitation (dP). The overall results showed that phenolic and terpenoid levels generally respond positively to eCO2 but negatively to eN, while the total alkaloid concentration was increased remarkably by eN. By contrast, dP promotes the levels of all SMs, while eT exclusively exerts a positive influence on the levels of phenolic compounds. Further analysis highlighted the dependence of SM responses on different moderators such as plant functional types, climate change levels or exposure durations, mean annual temperature and mean annual precipitation. Moreover, plant phenolic and terpenoid responses to climate changes could be attributed to the variations of C/N ratio and total soluble sugar levels, while the trade-off supposition contributed to SM responses to climate changes other than eCO2 . Taken together, our results predicted the distinctive SM responses to diverse climate changes in MAAPs and allowed us to define potential moderators responsible for these variations. Further, linking SM responses to C-N metabolism and growth-defence balance provided biological understandings in terms of plant secondary metabolic regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuming Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources/The Jiangsu Provincial Platform for Conservation and Utilization of Agricultural Germplasm, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences (Nanjing Botanical Garden, Memorial Sun Yat-Sen), Nanjing, China
- Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Saleh Alseekh
- Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
- Center of Plant Systems Biology and Biotechnology, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Alisdair R Fernie
- Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
- Center of Plant Systems Biology and Biotechnology, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
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21
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Zhao X, Tian Q, Huang L, Lin Q, Wu J, Liu F. Fine-root functional trait response to nitrogen deposition across forest ecosystems: A meta-analysis. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 844:157111. [PMID: 35787896 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2022] [Revised: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen (N) deposition has complex effects on vegetation dynamics and nutrient cycling in terrestrial ecosystems. However, how N deposition alters fine root traits remains unclear in forest ecosystems. Here, we carried out a synthesis based on 890 paired observations of 14 fine root traits from 79 articles to assess the effects of N deposition on fine root traits. The results showed that N deposition mainly affected root nutrient content and stoichiometry. Specifically, N deposition increased the root N content, root carbon: phosphorus (C:P) and root nitrogen: phosphorus (N:P) ratio, but decreased the root P content and root C:N ratio. Moreover, N deposition increased fine root respiration, but had no significant effect on other root morphological and physiological traits. N deposition effects on fine root biomass, root tissue density and fungal colonization decreased with N deposition duration. Compared to fine root P content, N deposition effects on fine root C content and C:P ratio increased with N deposition level. Moreover, the interaction between N deposition level and duration significantly affected fine root biomass. N deposition effects on fine-root biomass decreased with greater N deposition duration, especially in high N deposition experiments. Moreover, the effect of N deposition on root diameter decreased with mean annual temperature and mean annual precipitation. N form, forest type and soil depth significantly affect the effect of N deposition on fine root C:P. Therefore, the effects of N deposition on fine root traits were not only determined by N deposition level, duration and their interactions, but also regulated by abiotic factors. These findings highlight the diverse responses of fine root traits to N deposition have strong implications for forest ecosystems soil carbon stocks in a world of increasing N deposition associated with decreased root-derived carbon inputs and increases in fine-root respiration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qiuxiang Tian
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China; Center of Plant Ecology, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Lin Huang
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qiaoling Lin
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Junjun Wu
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China; Center of Plant Ecology, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Feng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China; Center of Plant Ecology, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.
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22
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Chen H, Wei J, Tian R, Zeng Z, Tang H, Liu Y, Xu Q, Deng M, Jiang Q, Chen G, Liu Y, Li W, Qi P, Jiang Y, Jiang Y, Tang L, Wei Y, Zheng Y, Lan X, Ma J. A major quantitative trait locus for wheat total root length associated with precipitation distribution. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:995183. [PMID: 36092437 PMCID: PMC9451531 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.995183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Optimizing root system architecture (RSA) allows crops to better capture water and nutrients and adapt to harsh environment. Parental reproductive environment (PRE) has been reported to significantly affect growth and development throughout the life cycle of the next generation. In this study, 10 RSA-related traits were evaluated in seedling stage from five independent hydroponic tests using seeds harvested from five different PREs. Based on the Wheat55K SNP array-based genetic map, quantitative trait loci (QTL) for these traits were detected in a recombinant inbred line population. Twenty-eight putative QTL for RSA-related traits were detected, covering thirteen chromosomal regions. A major QTL, QTrl.sicau-2SY-4D for total root length (TRL), which was likely independent of PREs, explained 15.81-38.48% of phenotypic variations and was located at 14.96-19.59 Mb on chromosome arm 4DS. Interestingly, it showed pleiotropic effects on TRL, root area, root volume, root forks, root dry weight, and shoot dry weight. The functional marker KASP-Rht-D1 for Rht-D1 was used to genotype 2SY population and remapping QTL for TRL showed that QTrl.sicau-2SY-4D was not linked to Rht-D1. The kompetitive allele-specific PCR (KASP) marker, KASP-AX-110527441 linked to this major QTL, was developed and used to successfully validate its effect in three different genetic populations. Further analysis suggested that the positive allele at QTrl.sicau-2SY-4D was mainly utilized in wheat breeding of northwest China where precipitation was significantly lower, indicating that wheat requires longer TRL to capture water and nutrients in arid or semi-arid regions due to deficient precipitation. Additionally, four genes (TraesCS4D03G0059800, TraesCS4D03G0057800, TraesCS4D03G0064000, and TraesCS4D03G0064400) possibly related to root development were predicted in physical interval of QTrl.sicau-2SY-4D. Taken together, these results enrich our understanding on the genetic basis of RSA and provide a potentially valuable TRL QTL for wheat breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huangxin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiatai Wei
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Rong Tian
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhaoyong Zeng
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Huaping Tang
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yanlin Liu
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiang Xu
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Mei Deng
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiantao Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Guoyue Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yaxi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wei Li
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Pengfei Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yunfeng Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yun Jiang
- Institute of Biotechnology and Nuclear Technology Research, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Liwei Tang
- Panzhihua Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Panzhihua, China
| | - Yuming Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Youliang Zheng
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiujin Lan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jian Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
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23
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Zhou L, Zhou X, He Y, Fu Y, Du Z, Lu M, Sun X, Li C, Lu C, Liu R, Zhou G, Bai SH, Thakur MP. Global systematic review with meta-analysis shows that warming effects on terrestrial plant biomass allocation are influenced by precipitation and mycorrhizal association. Nat Commun 2022; 13:4914. [PMID: 35987902 PMCID: PMC9392739 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-32671-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Biomass allocation in plants is fundamental for understanding and predicting terrestrial carbon storage. Yet, our knowledge regarding warming effects on root: shoot ratio (R/S) remains limited. Here, we present a meta-analysis encompassing more than 300 studies and including angiosperms and gymnosperms as well as different biomes (cropland, desert, forest, grassland, tundra, and wetland). The meta-analysis shows that average warming of 2.50 °C (median = 2 °C) significantly increases biomass allocation to roots with a mean increase of 8.1% in R/S. Two factors associate significantly with this response to warming: mean annual precipitation and the type of mycorrhizal fungi associated with plants. Warming-induced allocation to roots is greater in drier habitats when compared to shoots (+15.1% in R/S), while lower in wetter habitats (+4.9% in R/S). This R/S pattern is more frequent in plants associated with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, compared to ectomycorrhizal fungi. These results show that precipitation variability and mycorrhizal association can affect terrestrial carbon dynamics by influencing biomass allocation strategies in a warmer world, suggesting that climate change could influence belowground C sequestration. Biomass allocation in plants is fundamental for understanding and predicting terrestrial carbon storage. Here, the authors conduct a meta-analysis showing that warming effect on plant root:shoot is influenced by precipitation and the type of mycorrhizal fungi associated.
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Tumber‐Dávila SJ, Schenk HJ, Du E, Jackson RB. Plant sizes and shapes above and belowground and their interactions with climate. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2022; 235:1032-1056. [PMID: 35150454 PMCID: PMC9311740 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/30/2022] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Although the above and belowground sizes and shapes of plants strongly influence plant competition, community structure, and plant-environment interactions, plant sizes and shapes remain poorly characterized across climate regimes. We investigated relationships among shoot and root system size and climate. We assembled and analyzed, to our knowledge, the largest global database describing the maximum rooting depth, lateral spread, and shoot size of terrestrial plants - more than doubling the Root Systems of Individual Plants database to 5647 observations. Water availability and growth form greatly influence shoot size, and rooting depth is primarily influenced by temperature seasonality. Shoot size is the strongest predictor of lateral spread, with root system diameter being two times wider than shoot width on average for woody plants. Shoot size covaries strongly with rooting system size; however, the geometries of plants differ considerably across climates, with woody plants in more arid climates having shorter shoots, but deeper, narrower root systems. Additionally, estimates of the depth and lateral spread of plant root systems are likely underestimated at the global scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shersingh Joseph Tumber‐Dávila
- Department of Earth System ScienceStanford University473 Via OrtegaStanfordCA94305USA
- Harvard ForestHarvard University324 N Main StPetershamMA01366USA
| | - H. Jochen Schenk
- Department of Biological ScienceCalifornia State University Fullerton800 North State College BlvdFullertonCA92831USA
| | - Enzai Du
- Faculty of Geographical ScienceBeijing Normal University19 Xinjiekouwai StreetBeijing100875China
| | - Robert B. Jackson
- Department of Earth System ScienceStanford University473 Via OrtegaStanfordCA94305USA
- Woods Institute for the EnvironmentStanford University473 Via OrtegaStanfordCA94305USA
- Precourt Institute for EnergyStanford University473 Via OrtegaStanfordCA94305USA
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Yang J, Jia X, Ma H, Chen X, Liu J, Shangguan Z, Yan W. Effects of warming and precipitation changes on soil GHG fluxes: A meta-analysis. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 827:154351. [PMID: 35259374 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Increased atmospheric greenhouse gas (GHG) concentrations resulting from human activities lead to climate change, including global warming and changes of precipitation patterns worldwide, which in turn would have profound effects on soil GHG emissions. Nonetheless, the impact of the combination of warming and precipitation changes on all three major biogenic GHGs (CO2, CH4 and N2O) has not been synthesized, to build a global synthesis. In this study, we conducted a global meta-analysis concerning the effects of warming and precipitation changes and their interactions on soil GHG fluxes and explored the potential factors by synthesizing 39 published studies worldwide. Across all studies, combination of warming and increased precipitation showed more significant effect on CO2 emissions (24.0%) than the individual effect of warming (8.6%) and increased precipitation (20.8%). Additionally, warming increased N2O emissions (28.3%), and decreased precipitation reduced CO2 (-8.5%) and N2O (-7.1%) emissions, while the combination of warming and decreased precipitation also showed negative effects on CO2 (-7.6%) and N2O (-14.6%) emissions. The interactive effects of warming and precipitation changes on CO2 emissions were usually additive, whereas CO2 and N2O emissions were dominated by synergistic effects under warming and decreased precipitation. Moreover, climate, biome, duration, and season of manipulations also affected soil GHG fluxes as well. Furthermore, we also found the threshold effects of changes in soil temperature and moisture on CO2 and N2O emissions under warming and precipitation changes. The findings indicate that both warming and precipitation changes substantially affect GHG emissions and highlight the urgent need to study the effect of the combination of warming and precipitation changes on C and N cycling under ongoing climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyi Yang
- Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Xiaoyu Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Hongze Ma
- Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Xi Chen
- Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Jin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Zhouping Shangguan
- Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China; Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Weiming Yan
- Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China; Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China.
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Spectral-Based Monitoring of Climate Effects on the Inter-Annual Variability of Different Plant Functional Types in Mediterranean Cork Oak Woodlands. REMOTE SENSING 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/rs14030711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Using remotely sensed data to estimate the biophysical properties of vegetation in woodlands is a challenging task due to their heterogeneous nature. The objective of this study was to assess the biophysical parameters of different vegetation types (cork oak trees, shrubs and herbaceous vegetation) in cork oak woodland through the analysis of temporal trends in spectral vegetation indices (VIs). A seven-year database (from 2011 until 2017) of in situ observations collected with a field spectroradiometer with a monthly basis was used and four VIs were derived, considered as proxies for several biophysical properties of vegetation such as biomass (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index—NDVI); chlorophyll content (MERIS Terrestrial Chlorophyll Index-MTCI), tissue water content (Normalized Difference Water Index—NDWI) and the carotenoid/chlorophyll ratio (Photochemical Reflectance Index—PRI). During the analyzed period, some key meteorological data (precipitation, temperature, relative air humidity and global radiation) were collected for the study site, aggregated at three different time-lags (short period (30 d), medium period (90 d) and hydrological period (HIDR)), and their relationship with VIs was analyzed. The results showed different trends for each vegetation index and vegetation type. In NDVI and NDWI, herbaceous vegetation showed a highly marked seasonal trend, whereas for MTCI, it was the cork oak and Cistus salvifolius, and for PRI, it was Ulex airensis that showed the marked seasonal trend. Shrubs have large differences depending on the species: the shallow-rooted Cistus salvifolius showed a higher seasonal variability than the deep-rooted Ulex airensis. Our results revealed the importance of temperature and precipitation as the main climatic variables influencing VI variability in the four studied vegetation types. This study sets up the relationships between climate and vegetation indices for each vegetation type. Spectral vegetation indices are useful tools for assessing the impact of climate on vegetation, because using these makes it easier to monitor the amount of “greenness”, biomass and water stress of vegetation than assessing the photosynthetic efficiency. Proximal remote sensing measurements are fundamental for the correct use of remote sensing in monitoring complex agroforest ecosystems, largely used to inform policies to improve resilience to drought, particularly in the Mediterranean region.
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Wang C, Vera-Vélez R, Lamb EG, Wu J, Ren F. Global pattern and associated drivers of grassland productivity sensitivity to precipitation change. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 806:151224. [PMID: 34728201 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.151224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Precipitation is a primary climatic determinant of grassland productivity, with many global change experiments manipulating precipitation. Here we examine the impacts of precipitation addition and reduction treatment intensity and duration on grassland above- (ANPP) and below- (BNPP) ground net primary productivity in a large-scale meta-analysis. We tested, 1) the double asymmetry model of sensitivity, specifically whether the sensitivity of productivity decreases with treatment intensity under increased precipitation and increases with treatment intensity under decreased precipitation, 2) whether the sensitivity of productivity to precipitation change decreases with treatment length, and 3) how the sensitivity of productivity changes with climate conditions. ANPP showed higher sensitivity than BNPP under increased precipitation but similar sensitivity to BNPP under decreased precipitation. The sensitivity of ANPP and BNPP decreased with increasing treatment intensity (e.g., percentage change in precipitation, ΔPPT) and leveled off in the long-term. With increased precipitation, the sensitivity of productivity decreased with increasing treatment length (e.g., experimental duration) and leveled off in the long-term, whereas the sensitivity increased with increasing treatment length under reduced precipitation. Furthermore, the sensitivity of productivity to precipitation change decreased with increasing mean annual precipitation and temperature. Finally, our meta-analysis shows that above- and belowground net primary productivity have asymmetric responses to precipitation change. Together these results highlight the complex mechanisms underlying the impacts of precipitation change, particularly the intensity and duration of such changes, on grassland productivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Wang
- Institute of Grassland, Flowers and Ecology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences (BAAFS), No. 9 Shuguang Garden Middle Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100097, China.
| | - Roy Vera-Vélez
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5A8, Canada
| | - Eric G Lamb
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5A8, Canada
| | - Juying Wu
- Institute of Grassland, Flowers and Ecology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences (BAAFS), No. 9 Shuguang Garden Middle Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100097, China
| | - Fei Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai 810016, China
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Xu X, Qiu Y, Zhang K, Yang F, Chen M, Luo X, Yan X, Wang P, Zhang Y, Chen H, Guo H, Jiang L, Hu S. Climate warming promotes deterministic assembly of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal communities. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2022; 28:1147-1161. [PMID: 34668627 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.15945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) significantly contribute to plant resource acquisition and play important roles in mediating plant interactions and soil carbon (C) dynamics. However, it remains unclear how AMF communities respond to climate change. We assessed impacts of warming and precipitation alterations (30% increase or decrease) on soil AMF communities, and examined major ecological processes shaping the AMF community assemblage in a Tibetan alpine meadow. Our results showed that warming significantly increased root biomass, and available nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) in soil. While precipitation alterations increased AMF abundances, they did not significantly affect the composition or diversity of AMF communities. In contrast, warming altered the composition of AMF communities and reduced their Shannon-Wiener index and Pielou's evenness. In particular, warming shifted the AMF community composition in favor of Diversisporaceae over Glomeraceae, likely through its impact on soil N and P availability. In addition, AMF communities were phylogenetically random in the unwarmed control but clustered in warming plots, implying more deterministic community assembly under climate warming. Warming enhancement of root growth, N and P availability likely reduced plant C-allocation to AMF, imposing stronger environmental filtering on AMF communities. We further proposed a conceptual framework that integrates biological and geochemical processes into a mechanistic understanding of warming and precipitation changes' effects on AMF. Taken together, these results suggest that soil AMF communities may be more sensitive to warming than expected, highlighting the need to monitor their community structure and associated functional consequences on plant communities and soil C dynamics under the future warmer climate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Xu
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yunpeng Qiu
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Kangcheng Zhang
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Fei Yang
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Mengfei Chen
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xi Luo
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xuebin Yan
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Peng Wang
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Huaihai Chen
- School of Ecology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hui Guo
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lin Jiang
- School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Shuijin Hu
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Entomology & Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
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29
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Wang B, Chen Y, Li Y, Zhang H, Yue K, Wang X, Ma Y, Chen J, Sun M, Chen Z, Wu Q. Differential effects of altered precipitation regimes on soil carbon cycles in arid versus humid terrestrial ecosystems. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2021; 27:6348-6362. [PMID: 34478579 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.15875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Changes in precipitation regimes have significant effects on soil carbon (C) cycles; however, these effects may vary in arid versus humid areas. Additionally, the corresponding details of soil C cycles in response to altered precipitation regimes have not been well documented. Here, a meta-analysis was performed using 845 pairwise observations (control vs. increased or decreased precipitation) from 214 published articles to quantify the responses of the input process of exogenous C, the contents of various forms of C in soil, and the soil-atmosphere C fluxes relative to increased or decreased precipitation. The results showed that the effects of altered precipitation regimes did not differ between rainfall and snowfall. Increased precipitation significantly enhanced the soil C inputs, pools and outputs by 18.17%, 18.50%, and 21.04%, respectively, while decreased precipitation led to a significant decline in these soil C parameters by 10.18%, 9.96%, and 17.98%, respectively. The effects of increased precipitation on soil C cycles were more significant in arid areas (where mean annual precipitation, MAP <500 mm), but the effects of decreased precipitation were more significant in humid areas (where MAP ≥500 mm), indicating that the original MAP partially determined the responses of the soil C cycles to altered precipitation regimes. This study implies that for the same of precipitation variation, soil C cycles respond at different magnitudes: not only should the direction (decrease vs. increase) be counted but also the region (arid vs. humid) should be considered. These results deepened our understanding on regional differentiation in soil C cycles under climate change scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yali Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kai Yue
- Key Laboratory for Humid Subtropical Eco-Geographical Processes of the Ministry of Education, School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xingchang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management-Ministry of Education, School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Yuandan Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jian Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Meng Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhuo Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qiqian Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
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30
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Stanik N, Lampei C, Rosenthal G. Drought stress triggers differential survival and functional trait responses in the establishment of Arnica montana seedlings. PLANT BIOLOGY (STUTTGART, GERMANY) 2021; 23:1086-1096. [PMID: 34263990 DOI: 10.1111/plb.13306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The establishment and survival of seedlings are critical stages in the life cycle of plants and therefore usually well timed to humid and favourable conditions. Climate projections suggest that the threatened mountain grassland species Arnica montana may be increasingly exposed to drought stress. However, studies that focus on the species' early development are missing. We evaluated impacts of drought-induced stress on A. montana seedlings in their early establishment phase and identified traits that could cause the species' fitness to decline. In a greenhouse experiment, we tested the response of A. montana seedlings to different drought levels (moderate, strong, extreme). To assess their fitness under increasing drought, we evaluated survival of the seedlings based on four senescence stages and measured the performance of above- and belowground morphological and physiological functional traits. Arnica montana seedlings showed high resistance to drought. Senescence accelerated and survival declined only under strong and extreme drought conditions. However, the seedlings' vegetative performance decreased even with moderate drought, as indicated by smaller values of most leaf traits and some root traits. Physiological trait response was less sensitive. Drought stress hinders the establishment and survival of A. montana seedlings. Following the functional trait responses to drought and their association with survival, we suggest declining leaf length, leaf width, and leaf number are sensitive traits that can lead to a decline in performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Stanik
- Department of Landscape and Vegetation Ecology, Institute of Landscape Architecture and Environmental Planning, University of Kassel, Kassel, Germany
| | - C Lampei
- Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research Group, Institute of Landscape Ecology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - G Rosenthal
- Department of Landscape and Vegetation Ecology, Institute of Landscape Architecture and Environmental Planning, University of Kassel, Kassel, Germany
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31
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Iversen CM, McCormack ML. Filling gaps in our understanding of belowground plant traits across the world: an introduction to a Virtual Issue. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2021; 231:2097-2103. [PMID: 34405907 DOI: 10.1111/nph.17326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Colleen M Iversen
- Environmental Sciences Division and Climate Change Science Institute, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37830-6301, USA
| | - M Luke McCormack
- Center for Tree Science, The Morton Arboretum, Liesle, IL, 60515, USA
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32
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Artificial Plantation Responses to Periodic Submergence in Massive Dam and Reservoir Riparian Zones: Changes in Soil Properties and Bacterial Community Characteristics. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:biology10080819. [PMID: 34440051 PMCID: PMC8389660 DOI: 10.3390/biology10080819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Simple Summary This study focuses on plants in riparian zones that are very vulnerable due to water stress and anthropogenic disturbances, which are particularly important regarding their ecological and environmental role. Although plants and microbiome interactions are necessary for plant nutrient acquisition, relatively little is known about the responses of roots, bulk, and rhizosphere soil microbial communities of different artificial vegetation types in riparian areas of massive dams and reservoirs. Therefore, this study aims to assess the responses of woody and herbaceous plants in the riparian zones of the Three Gorges Dam Reservoir, China. Results revealed that the weight of dominant soil bacteria in different periods, including Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria, Actinobacteria, Chloroflexi, and Cyanobacteria, was higher, and their composition was different in the rhizosphere, bulk soil, and endophyte. In the soil co-occurrence networks, the weight of soil physical properties was higher than chemical properties in the early emergence stage. The current study provides knowledge about bacteria in bulk, rhizosphere soils, and within roots in different emergence phases. Additionally, these results provide valuable information to inoculate the soil with key microbiota members by applying fertilizers, potentially improving plant and soil production and health. Abstract Plant and microbiome interactions are necessary for plant nutrient acquisition. However, relatively little is known about the responses of roots, bulk, and rhizosphere soil microbial communities in different artificial vegetation types (woody and herbaceous) in riparian areas of massive dams and reservoirs. Therefore, this study aims to assess such responses at elevations of 165–170 m a.s.l. in the riparian zones of the Three Gorges Dam Reservoir, China. The samples were collected containing the rhizosphere soil, bulk soil, and roots of herbaceous and woody vegetation at different emergence stages in 2018. Then, all the samples were analyzed to quantify the soil properties, bacterial community characteristics, and their interaction in the early and late emergence phases. In different periods, the weight of dominant soil bacteria, including Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria, Actinobacteria, Chloroflexi, and Cyanobacteria, was higher, and their composition was different in the rhizosphere, bulk soil, and endophytes. Moreover, the soil co-occurrence networks indicated that the weight of soil physical properties was higher than chemical properties in the early emergence stage. In contrast, the weight of chemical properties was relatively higher in the late emergence stage. Furthermore, the richness and diversity of the bacterial community were mainly affected by soil organic matter. This study suggests that these herbaceous and woody vegetation are suitable for planting in reservoir areas affected by hydrology and human disturbance in light of soil nutrients and soil microbial communities, respectively. Additionally, these results provide valuable information to inoculate the soil with key microbiota members by applying fertilizers, potentially improving plant health and soil production.
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Wang J, Defrenne C, McCormack ML, Yang L, Tian D, Luo Y, Hou E, Yan T, Li Z, Bu W, Chen Y, Niu S. Fine-root functional trait responses to experimental warming: a global meta-analysis. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2021; 230:1856-1867. [PMID: 33586131 DOI: 10.1111/nph.17279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Whether and how warming alters functional traits of absorptive plant roots remains to be answered across the globe. Tackling this question is crucial to better understanding terrestrial responses to climate change as fine-root traits drive many ecosystem processes. We carried out a detailed synthesis of fine-root trait responses to experimental warming by performing a meta-analysis of 964 paired observations from 177 publications. Warming increased fine-root biomass, production, respiration and nitrogen concentration as well as decreased root carbon : nitrogen ratio and nonstructural carbohydrates. Warming effects on fine-root biomass decreased with greater warming magnitude, especially in short-term experiments. Furthermore, the positive effect of warming on fine-root biomass was strongest in deeper soil horizons and in colder and drier regions. Total fine-root length, morphology, mortality, life span and turnover were unresponsive to warming. Our results highlight the significant changes in fine-root traits in response to warming as well as the importance of warming magnitude and duration in understanding fine-root responses. These changes have strong implications for global soil carbon stocks in a warmer world associated with increased root-derived carbon inputs into deeper soil horizons and increases in fine-root respiration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinsong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- Department of Biological Sciences, Center for Ecosystem Sciences and Society, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, 86001, USA
| | - Camille Defrenne
- Climate Change Science Institute and Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA
| | - M Luke McCormack
- Center for Tree Science, The Morton Arboretum, 4100 Illinois Rt. 53, Lisle, IL, 60532, USA
| | - Lu Yang
- Research Center of Forest Management Engineering of State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Dashuan Tian
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Yiqi Luo
- Department of Biological Sciences, Center for Ecosystem Sciences and Society, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, 86001, USA
| | - Enqing Hou
- Department of Biological Sciences, Center for Ecosystem Sciences and Society, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, 86001, USA
| | - Tao Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland and Agro-ecosystems, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Zhaolei Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, China
| | - Wensheng Bu
- College of Forestry, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, China
| | - Ye Chen
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, 86011, USA
| | - Shuli Niu
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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Li X, Zhang C, Zhang B, Wu D, Zhu D, Zhang W, Ye Q, Yan J, Fu J, Fang C, Ha D, Fu S. Nitrogen deposition and increased precipitation interact to affect fine root production and biomass in a temperate forest: Implications for carbon cycling. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 765:144497. [PMID: 33418324 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 12/06/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Fine roots connect belowground and aboveground systems and help regulate the carbon balance of terrestrial ecosystems by providing nutrients and water for plants. To evaluate the effects of atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition and increased precipitation on fine root production and standing biomass in a temperate deciduous forest in central China, we conducted a 6-year experiment. From 2013 to 2018, we applied N (25 kg N ha-1 yr-1) and water (336 mm, 30% of the ambient annual precipitation) above the forest canopy, and we quantified fine root production and biomass in 2017 and 2018. At 0-10 cm soil depth, the statistical interaction between addition of N and water was not significant in terms of fine root production or biomass. At 0-10 cm soil depth, N addition significantly increased fine root production by 18.1%, but did not affect fine root biomass. Water addition significantly increased fine root production and biomass by 13.6 and 17.0%, respectively. Both N and water addition had significant direct positive effects on fine root production, and water addition had indirect positive effects on fine root biomass through decreasing soil NO3- concentration. At 10-30 cm soil depth, the statistical interaction between N addition and water addition was significant in terms of both fine root production and biomass, i.e., the positive effect of N addition was reduced by water addition, and vice versa. These findings indicate that fine roots and therefore belowground carbon storage may have complex responses to increases in atmospheric N deposition and changes in precipitation predicted for the future. The findings also suggest that results obtained from experiments that consider only one independent variable (e.g., N input or water input) and only one soil depth should be interpreted with caution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowei Li
- Key Laboratory of Geospatial Technology for the Middle and Lower Yellow River Regions, Ministry of Education, College of Environment and Planning, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Integrated Air Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Chenlu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Geospatial Technology for the Middle and Lower Yellow River Regions, Ministry of Education, College of Environment and Planning, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Integrated Air Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China.
| | - Beibei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Geospatial Technology for the Middle and Lower Yellow River Regions, Ministry of Education, College of Environment and Planning, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Di Wu
- Key Laboratory of Geospatial Technology for the Middle and Lower Yellow River Regions, Ministry of Education, College of Environment and Planning, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Dandan Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Geospatial Technology for the Middle and Lower Yellow River Regions, Ministry of Education, College of Environment and Planning, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Qing Ye
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Junhua Yan
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Juemin Fu
- Jigongshan National Nature Reserve, Xinyang 464039, China
| | | | - Denglong Ha
- Jigongshan National Nature Reserve, Xinyang 464039, China
| | - Shenglei Fu
- Key Laboratory of Geospatial Technology for the Middle and Lower Yellow River Regions, Ministry of Education, College of Environment and Planning, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Integrated Air Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
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Du Y, Wang YP, Su F, Jiang J, Wang C, Yu M, Yan J. The response of soil respiration to precipitation change is asymmetric and differs between grasslands and forests. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2020; 26:6015-6024. [PMID: 32652817 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.15270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Intensification of the Earth's hydrological cycle amplifies the interannual variability of precipitation, which will significantly impact the terrestrial carbon (C) cycle. However, it is still unknown whether previously observed relationship between soil respiration (Rs ) and precipitation remains applicable under extreme precipitation change. By analyzing the observations from a much larger dataset of field experiments (248 published papers including 151 grassland studies and 97 forest studies) across a wider range of precipitation manipulation than previous studies, we found that the relationship of Rs response with precipitation change was highly nonlinear or asymmetric, and differed significantly between grasslands and forests, between moderate and extreme precipitation changes. Response of Rs to precipitation change was negatively asymmetric (concave-down) in grasslands, and double-asymmetric in forests with a positive asymmetry (concave-up) under moderate precipitation changes and a negative asymmetry (concave-down) under extreme precipitation changes. In grasslands, the negative asymmetry in Rs response was attributed to the higher sensitivities of soil moisture, microbial and root activities to decreased precipitation (DPPT) than to increased precipitation (IPPT). In forests, the positive asymmetry was predominantly driven by the significant increase in microbial respiration under moderate IPPT, while the negative asymmetry was caused by the reductions in root biomass and respiration under extreme DPPT. The different asymmetric responses of Rs between grasslands and forests will greatly improve our ability to forecast the C cycle consequences of increased precipitation variability. Specifically, the negative asymmetry of Rs response under extreme precipitation change suggests that the soil C efflux will decrease across grasslands and forests under future precipitation regime with more wet and dry extremes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Du
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | | | - Fanglong Su
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mengxiao Yu
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Junhua Yan
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
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A Plant's Electrical Parameters Indicate Its Physiological State: A Study of Intracellular Water Metabolism. PLANTS 2020; 9:plants9101256. [PMID: 32977716 PMCID: PMC7598578 DOI: 10.3390/plants9101256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Almost all of a plant’s life activities involve electrochemical reactions. Plant electrical parameters respond quickly to environmental changes and are closely related to physiological activities. In this study, the theoretical intrinsic relationships between clamping force and leaf impedance (Z) or capacitive reactance (Xc) and capacitance (C) were revealed as 3-parameter exponential decay and linear models based on bioenergetics, respectively, for the first time. Leaf electrical characteristics including intrinsic impedance (IZ), capacitive reactance (IXc), capacitance (IC) and specific effective thickness (d) were successfully detected using the above-mentioned relationships and were used to manifest plant metabolic activity. The intracellular water-holding capacity (IWHC), water-use efficiency (IWUE), water-holding time (IWHT) and water transfer rate (WTR) of plant leaves were defined on the basis of IZ, IXc, IC and d, and applied to reflect the intracellular water metabolism. The results demonstrated that the leaves of Broussonetia papyrifera plants grown in agricultural soil had higher IC, d, IWHC, WTR, water content values and lower IZ, IXc values than those grown in moderately rocky desertified soil. The leaf IC, d, IWHC, WTR and water content values of herbaceous plants were higher than those of woody plants. Solanum tuberosum L. had higher leaf IC, d, IWHC and WTR values, but exhibited lower IZ, IXc, IWUE and IWHT values than Capsicum annuum L. This study highlighted that a plant’s electrical parameters based on bioenergetics clearly indicate its physiological process—e.g., the intracellular water metabolism.
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