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Chadda KR, Blakey EE, Davies TW, Puthucheary Z. Risk factors, biomarkers, and mechanisms for persistent inflammation, immunosuppression, and catabolism syndrome (PICS): a systematic review and meta-analysis. Br J Anaesth 2024:S0007-0912(24)00201-0. [PMID: 38688799 DOI: 10.1016/j.bja.2024.03.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Persistent inflammation, immunosuppression, and catabolism syndrome (PICS) has been proposed as an endotype of chronic critical illness (CCI). The aim of this systematic review is to synthesise the available evidence of risk factors, biomarkers, and biological mechanisms underlying PICS. METHODS MEDLINE, CENTRAL, and EMBASE were searched on June 2, 2023. Our population of interest was adult intensive care unit survivors. The exposure group was patients with PICS and the comparator group was patients with no PICS, CCI, or rapid recovery. Mean differences were pooled for each biomarker using a random effects DerSimonian-Laird method. Risk of bias assessment was done using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. RESULTS Six papers were included. Five were single-centre retrospective cohort studies, and one was a prospective cohort study, with sample sizes ranging from 22 to 391 patients. Two studies showed an increased incidence of PICS with age, and two studies showed an association between PICS and Charlson Comorbidity Index scores. PICS was associated with requiring mechanical ventilation in four studies. Meta-analysis showed a 34.4 mg L-1 higher C-reactive protein (95% confidence interval [CI] 12.7-56.2 mg L-1; P<0.01), a 4.4 g L-1 lower albumin (95% CI 0.5-8.3 g L-1; P<0.01), and a 0.36×109 L-1 lower lymphocyte count (95% CI 0.25-0.47×109 L-1; P=0.01) in the PICS compared with the non-PICS group. There are a large variety of other potential biomarkers but limited validation studies. The overall quality of evidence is limited, and these results should be interpreted accordingly. CONCLUSIONS While older patients and those with co-morbidities could be at greater risk for PICS, acquired risk factors, such as injury severity, are potentially more predictive of PICS than intrinsic patient characteristics. There are many potential biomarkers for PICS, but limited validation studies have been conducted. Persistent myeloid-derived suppressor cell expansion, the continual release of danger-associated molecular patterns and pathogen-associated molecular patterns propagating inflammation, and bioenergetic failure are all mechanisms underlying PICS that could offer potential for novel biomarkers and therapeutic interventions. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO; CRD42023427749).
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Affiliation(s)
- Karan R Chadda
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine & Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK; Homerton College, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; Birmingham Acute Care Research Group, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
| | - Ellen E Blakey
- Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Thomas W Davies
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine & Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK; Adult Critical Care Unit, Royal London Hospital, London, UK
| | - Zudin Puthucheary
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine & Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK; Adult Critical Care Unit, Royal London Hospital, London, UK
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Schrijver IT, Herderschee J, Théroude C, Kritikos A, Leijte G, Le Roy D, Brochut M, Chiche JD, Perreau M, Pantaleo G, Guery B, Kox M, Pickkers P, Calandra T, Roger T. Myeloid-Derived Suppressor-like Cells as a Prognostic Marker in Critically Ill Patients: Insights from Experimental Endotoxemia and Intensive Care Patients. Cells 2024; 13:314. [PMID: 38391927 PMCID: PMC10887109 DOI: 10.3390/cells13040314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) often experience endotoxemia, nosocomial infections and sepsis. Polymorphonuclear and monocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells (PMN-MDSCs and M-MDSCs) can have an important impact on the development of infectious diseases, but little is known about their potential predictive value in critically ill patients. Here, we used unsupervised flow cytometry analyses to quantify MDSC-like cells in healthy subjects challenged with endotoxin and in critically ill patients admitted to intensive care units and at risk of developing infections. Cells phenotypically similar to PMN-MDSCs and M-MDSCs increased after endotoxin challenge. Similar cells were elevated in patients at ICU admission and normalized at ICU discharge. A subpopulation of M-MDSC-like cells expressing intermediate levels of CD15 (CD15int M-MDSCs) was associated with overall mortality (p = 0.02). Interestingly, the high abundance of PMN-MDSCs and CD15int M-MDSCs was a good predictor of mortality (p = 0.0046 and 0.014), with area under the ROC curve for mortality of 0.70 (95% CI = 0.4-1.0) and 0.86 (0.62-1.0), respectively. Overall, our observations support the idea that MDSCs represent biomarkers for sepsis and that flow cytometry monitoring of MDSCs may be used to risk-stratify ICU patients for targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene T. Schrijver
- Infectious Diseases Service, Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland (M.B.)
| | - Jacobus Herderschee
- Infectious Diseases Service, Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland (M.B.)
| | - Charlotte Théroude
- Infectious Diseases Service, Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland (M.B.)
| | - Antonios Kritikos
- Infectious Diseases Service, Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland (M.B.)
| | - Guus Leijte
- Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 EP Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Didier Le Roy
- Infectious Diseases Service, Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland (M.B.)
| | - Maelick Brochut
- Infectious Diseases Service, Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland (M.B.)
| | - Jean-Daniel Chiche
- Service of Adult Intensive Care Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Matthieu Perreau
- Service of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, 1010 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Giuseppe Pantaleo
- Service of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, 1010 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Benoit Guery
- Infectious Diseases Service, Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland (M.B.)
| | - Matthijs Kox
- Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 EP Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Peter Pickkers
- Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 EP Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Thierry Calandra
- Infectious Diseases Service, Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland (M.B.)
- Service of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, 1010 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Thierry Roger
- Infectious Diseases Service, Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland (M.B.)
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Ito N, Tsujimoto H, Miyazaki H, Takahata R, Ueno H. Pivotal role of myeloid-derived suppressor cells in infection-related tumor growth. Cancer Med 2024; 13:e6917. [PMID: 38457241 PMCID: PMC10923041 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.6917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In this study, we investigated infection-related tumor growth, focusing on myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) in clinical and experimental settings. PATIENTS AND METHODS In the clinical study, a total 109 patients who underwent gastrectomy or esophagectomy were included. Blood samples were collected from a preoperative time point through 3 months after surgery, and MDSCs were analyzed using flow cytometry. In animal experiments, peritonitis model mice were created by CLP method. We investigated the number of splenic MDSCs in these mice using flow cytometry. Malignant melanoma cells (B16F10) were inoculated on the back of the mice, and tumor growth was monitored. We compared the level of MDSC infiltration around the tumor and the migration ability between CLP and sham-operated mice-derived MDSCs. Finally, we focused on PD-L1+ MDSCs to examine the effectiveness of anti-PD-L1 antibodies on tumor growth in CLP mice. RESULTS In patients with postoperative infectious complication, MDSC number was found to remain elevated 3 months after surgery, when the inflammatory responses were normalized. CLP mice showed increased numbers of MDSCs, and following inoculation with B16F10 cells, this higher number of MDSCs was associated with significant tumor growth. CLP-mice-derived MDSCs had higher levels of accumulation around the tumor and had more enhanced migration ability. Finally, CLP mice had increased numbers of PD-L1+ MDSCs and showed more effective inhibition of tumor growth by anti-PD-L1 antibodies compared to sham-operated mice. CONCLUSION Long-lasting enhanced MDSCs associated with infection may contribute to infection-related tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nozomi Ito
- Department of SurgeryNational Defense Medical CollegeTokorozawaJapan
| | | | - Hiromi Miyazaki
- Division of Biomedical EngineeringResearch Institute, National Defense Medical CollegeTokorozawaJapan
| | - Risa Takahata
- Department of SurgeryNational Defense Medical CollegeTokorozawaJapan
| | - Hideki Ueno
- Department of SurgeryNational Defense Medical CollegeTokorozawaJapan
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Padovani CM, Yin K. Immunosuppression in Sepsis: Biomarkers and Specialized Pro-Resolving Mediators. Biomedicines 2024; 12:175. [PMID: 38255280 PMCID: PMC10813323 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12010175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Severe infection can lead to sepsis. In sepsis, the host mounts an inappropriately large inflammatory response in an attempt to clear the invading pathogen. This sustained high level of inflammation may cause tissue injury and organ failure. Later in sepsis, a paradoxical immunosuppression occurs, where the host is unable to clear the preexisting infection and is susceptible to secondary infections. A major issue with sepsis treatment is that it is difficult for physicians to ascertain which stage of sepsis the patient is in. Sepsis treatment will depend on the patient's immune status across the spectrum of the disease, and these immune statuses are nearly polar opposites in the early and late stages of sepsis. Furthermore, there is no approved treatment that can resolve inflammation without contributing to immunosuppression within the host. Here, we review the major mechanisms of sepsis-induced immunosuppression and the biomarkers of the immunosuppressive phase of sepsis. We focused on reviewing three main mechanisms of immunosuppression in sepsis. These are lymphocyte apoptosis, monocyte/macrophage exhaustion, and increased migration of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs). The biomarkers of septic immunosuppression that we discuss include increased MDSC production/migration and IL-10 levels, decreased lymphocyte counts and HLA-DR expression, and increased GPR18 expression. We also review the literature on the use of specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs) in different models of infection and/or sepsis, as these compounds have been reported to resolve inflammation without being immunosuppressive. To obtain the necessary information, we searched the PubMed database using the keywords sepsis, lymphocyte apoptosis, macrophage exhaustion, MDSCs, biomarkers, and SPMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina M. Padovani
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rowan-Virtua School of Translational Biomedical Engineering and Sciences, Virtua Health College of Life Sciences of Rowan University, Stratford, NJ 08084, USA;
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Bizymi N, Matthaiou AM, Mavroudi I, Batsali A, Papadaki HA. Immunomodulatory actions of myeloid-derived suppressor cells in the context of innate immunity. Innate Immun 2024; 30:2-10. [PMID: 38018014 PMCID: PMC10720601 DOI: 10.1177/17534259231215581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are notable innate immune cells, which are further divided into two subpopulations, i.e., monocytic and granulocytic. These cells are traditionally considered to mainly suppress the T-cell responses. However, more updated data indicate that their properties are rather immunomodulatory than solely immunosuppressive. Indeed, MDSCs display extensive crosstalk with other either innate or adaptive immune cells, and, according to the situation under which they are triggered, they may enhance or attenuate the immune response. However, their positive role in host's defense mechanisms under specific conditions is rarely discussed in the literature. In this mini-review, the authors briefly summarise the mechanisms of action of MDSCs under distinct conditions, such as infections and malignancies, with a particular emphasis on their role as components of the innate immunity system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikoleta Bizymi
- Department of Haematology, University Hospital of Heraklion, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
- Haemopoiesis Research Laboratory, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Pneumonology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Andreas M. Matthaiou
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Pneumonology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
- Respiratory Physiology Laboratory, Medical School, University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Irene Mavroudi
- Department of Haematology, University Hospital of Heraklion, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
- Haemopoiesis Research Laboratory, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Aristea Batsali
- Department of Haematology, University Hospital of Heraklion, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
- Haemopoiesis Research Laboratory, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Helen A. Papadaki
- Department of Haematology, University Hospital of Heraklion, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
- Haemopoiesis Research Laboratory, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
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Costa SO, Chaves WF, Lopes PKF, Silva IM, Burguer B, Ignácio-Souza LM, Torsoni AS, Milanski M, Rodrigues HG, Desai M, Ross MG, Torsoni MA. Maternal consumption of a high-fat diet modulates the inflammatory response in their offspring, mediated by the M1 muscarinic receptor. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1273556. [PMID: 38193079 PMCID: PMC10773672 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1273556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction High-fat diet (HFD) consumption is associated with various metabolic disorders and diseases. Both pre-pregnancy and maternal obesity can have long-term consequences on offspring health. Furthermore, consuming an HFD in adulthood significantly increases the risk of obesity and metabolic disorders. However, an intriguing phenomenon known as the obesity paradox suggests that obesity may confer a protective effect on mortality outcomes in sepsis. In sepsis, activation of the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway (CAP) can help mitigate systemic inflammation. We employed a metabolic programming model to explore the relationship between maternal HFD consumption and offspring response to sepsis. Methods We fed female mice either a standard diet (SC) or an HFD during the pre-pregnancy, pregnancy, and lactation periods. Subsequently, we evaluated 28-day-old male offspring. Results Notably, we discovered that offspring from HFD-fed dams (HFD-O) exhibited a higher survival rate compared with offspring from SC-fed dams (SC-O). Importantly, inhibition of the m1 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (m1mAChR), involved in the CAP, in the hypothalamus abolished this protection. The expression of m1mAChR in the hypothalamus was higher in HFD-O at different ages, peaking on day 28. Treatment with an m1mAChR agonist could modulate the inflammatory response in peripheral tissues. Specifically, CAP activation was greater in the liver of HFD-O following agonist treatment. Interestingly, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge failed to induce a more inflammatory state in HFD-O, in contrast to SC-O, and agonist treatment had no additional effect. Analysis of spleen immune cells revealed a distinct phenotype in HFD-O, characterized by elevated levels of CD4+ lymphocytes rather than CD8+ lymphocytes. Moreover, basal Il17 messenger RNA (mRNA) levels were lower while Il22 mRNA levels were higher in HFD-O, and we observed the same pattern after LPS challenge. Discussion Further examination of myeloid cells isolated from bone marrow and allowed to differentiate showed that HFD-O macrophages displayed an anti-inflammatory phenotype. Additionally, treatment with the m1mAChR agonist contributed to reducing inflammatory marker levels in both groups. In summary, our findings demonstrate that HFD-O are protected against LPS-induced sepsis, and this protection is mediated by the central m1mAChR. Moreover, the inflammatory response in the liver, spleen, and bone marrow-differentiated macrophages is diminished. However, more extensive analysis is necessary to elucidate the specific mechanisms by which m1mAChR modulates the immune response during sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suleyma Oliveira Costa
- Laboratory of Metabolic Disorders, School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, Limeira, Brazil
| | - Wenicios Ferreira Chaves
- Laboratory of Metabolic Disorders, School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, Limeira, Brazil
| | | | - Iracema M. Silva
- Laboratory of Metabolic Disorders, School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, Limeira, Brazil
| | - Beatriz Burguer
- Laboratory of Nutrients and Tissue Repair, School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, Limeira, Brazil
| | - Leticia M. Ignácio-Souza
- Laboratory of Metabolic Disorders, School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, Limeira, Brazil
- Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Adriana Souza Torsoni
- Laboratory of Metabolic Disorders, School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, Limeira, Brazil
- Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Marciane Milanski
- Laboratory of Metabolic Disorders, School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, Limeira, Brazil
- Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Hosana Gomes Rodrigues
- Laboratory of Nutrients and Tissue Repair, School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, Limeira, Brazil
| | - Mina Desai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles at Harbor-UCLA, Torrance, CA, United States
| | - Michael Glenn Ross
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles at Harbor-UCLA, Torrance, CA, United States
| | - Marcio Alberto Torsoni
- Laboratory of Metabolic Disorders, School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, Limeira, Brazil
- Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
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Esher Righi S, Harriett AJ, Lilly EA, Fidel PL, Noverr MC. Candida-induced granulocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells are protective against polymicrobial sepsis. mBio 2023; 14:e0144623. [PMID: 37681975 PMCID: PMC10653853 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.01446-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Polymicrobial intra-abdominal infections are serious clinical infections that can lead to life-threatening sepsis, which is difficult to treat in part due to the complex and dynamic inflammatory responses involved. Our prior studies demonstrated that immunization with low-virulence Candida species can provide strong protection against lethal polymicrobial sepsis challenge in mice. This long-lived protection was found to be mediated by trained Gr-1+ polymorphonuclear leukocytes with features resembling myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs). Here we definitively characterize these cells as MDSCs and demonstrate that their mechanism of protection involves the abrogation of lethal inflammation, in part through the action of the anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin (IL)-10. These studies highlight the role of MDSCs and IL-10 in controlling acute lethal inflammation and give support for the utility of trained tolerogenic immune responses in the clinical treatment of sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shannon Esher Righi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Amanda J. Harriett
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Elizabeth A. Lilly
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Paul L. Fidel
- Center of Excellence in Oral and Craniofacial Biology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center School of Dentistry, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Mairi C. Noverr
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
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Gong H, Zhao J, Xu W, Wan Y, Mu X, Zhang M. The distribution of myeloid-derived suppressor cells subsets and up-regulation of programmed death-1/PD-L1 axis in peripheral blood of adult CAP patients. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0291455. [PMID: 37756307 PMCID: PMC10529571 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0291455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) have been reported to expand and have a potent ability in the expansion of regulatory T cells in malignant and infectious disease. The current study was performed to investigate the role of MDSCs and possible immune mechanisms in dampening immune responses of community acquired pneumonia (CAP). METHODS This was a single-center cross-sectional study. The distribution of MDSCs subsets, the PD-1/PD-L1(L2) level of MDSCs subsets and Tregs in the peripheral blood of adult CAP patients and healthy control were measured by flow cytometry analysis. RESULTS Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from 63 adult CAP patients contained an elevated frequency of both G-MDSC (4.92±0.30 vs 2.25±0.21,p<0.0001) and M-MDSC (19.40±1.30 vs 9.64±0.57,p<0.001) compared to healthy controls. Treg in the peripheral blood of CAP patients exhibited increased expression of PD-1 and CTLA-4, accompanied by no difference of their frequency. Moreover, up-regulated expression of PD-L1 on MDSC subsets in the peripheral blood of CAP patients was also revealed. Of note, the frequency of circulating MDSCs subset displayed a positive correlation with neutrophil count percentage in blood in CAP patients. CONCLUSIONS In summary, the significant expansion of circulating MDSCs subsets and the up-regulated expression of PD-1/PD-L1 level in CAP patients may suggest the possible involvement of PD-1/PD-L1axis in MDSCs mediated immune regulation on Treg at least partially in CAP patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haihong Gong
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Medical College, Qingdao, China
| | - Jingquan Zhao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Wenshuai Xu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yinghua Wan
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangdong Mu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Mingqiang Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
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Cao S, Tang J, Fei M, Jing Q, Meng F, Zhang M, Liu Q, Zhang H, Li C. Identification of potential hub genes linked to immune and metabolic alterations in postoperative systemic inflammatory dysregulation. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1238774. [PMID: 37744382 PMCID: PMC10515200 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1238774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Postoperative systemic inflammatory dysregulation (PSID) is characterised by strongly interlinked immune and metabolic abnormalities. However, the hub genes responsible for the interconnections between these two systemic alterations remain to be identified. Methods We analysed differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of individual peripheral blood nucleated cells in patients with PSID (n = 21, CRP > 250 mg/L) and control patients (n = 25, CRP < 75 mg/L) following major abdominal surgery, along with their biological functions. Correlation analyses were conducted to explore the interconnections of immune-related DEGs (irDEGs) and metabolism-related DEGs (mrDEGs). Two methods were used to screen hub genes for irDEGs and mrDEGs: we screened for hub genes among DEGs via 12 algorithms using CytoHubba in Cytoscape, and also screened for hub immune-related and metabolic-related genes using weighted gene co-expression network analysis. The hub genes selected were involved in the interaction between changes in immunity and metabolism in PSID. Finally, we validated our results in mice with PSID to confirm the findings. Results We identified 512 upregulated and 254 downregulated DEGs in patients with PSID compared with controls. Gene enrichment analysis revealed that DEGs were significantly associated with immune- and metabolism-related biological processes and pathways. Correlation analyses revealed a close association between irDEGs and mrDEGs. Fourteen unique hub genes were identified via 12 screening algorithms using CytoHubba in Cytoscape and via weighted gene co-expression network analysis. Among these, CD28, CD40LG, MAPK14, and S100A12 were identified as hub genes among both immune- and metabolism-related genes; these genes play a critical role in the interaction between alterations in immunity and metabolism in PSID. The experimental results also showed that the expression of these genes was significantly altered in PSID mice. Conclusion This study identified hub genes associated with immune and metabolic alterations in patients with PSID and hub genes that link these alterations. These findings provide novel insights into the mechanisms underlying immune and metabolic interactions and new targets for clinical treatment can be proposed on this basis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silu Cao
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Brain Functional Modulation, Clinical Research Center for Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Translational Research Institute of Brain and Brain-Like Intelligence, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinxuan Tang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Brain Functional Modulation, Clinical Research Center for Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Translational Research Institute of Brain and Brain-Like Intelligence, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Miaomiao Fei
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Brain Functional Modulation, Clinical Research Center for Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Translational Research Institute of Brain and Brain-Like Intelligence, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qi Jing
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Brain Functional Modulation, Clinical Research Center for Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Translational Research Institute of Brain and Brain-Like Intelligence, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fanbing Meng
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Brain Functional Modulation, Clinical Research Center for Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Translational Research Institute of Brain and Brain-Like Intelligence, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Meixian Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Brain Functional Modulation, Clinical Research Center for Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Translational Research Institute of Brain and Brain-Like Intelligence, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qidong Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Brain Functional Modulation, Clinical Research Center for Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Translational Research Institute of Brain and Brain-Like Intelligence, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of Ministry of Education, Orthopedic Department of Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Brain Functional Modulation, Clinical Research Center for Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Translational Research Institute of Brain and Brain-Like Intelligence, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Cheng Li
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Brain Functional Modulation, Clinical Research Center for Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Translational Research Institute of Brain and Brain-Like Intelligence, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
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10
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Gjerstorff MF. Epigenetic targeting of myeloid-derived suppressor cells: time to move into infectious diseases? Front Immunol 2023; 14:1247715. [PMID: 37680643 PMCID: PMC10482232 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1247715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Morten Frier Gjerstorff
- Department of Cancer and Inflammation Research, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Department of Oncology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
- Academy of Geriatric Cancer Research (AgeCare), Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
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11
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Zhang W, Fang X, Gao C, Song C, He Y, Zhou T, Yang X, Shang Y, Xu J. MDSCs in sepsis-induced immunosuppression and its potential therapeutic targets. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2023; 69:90-103. [PMID: 35927154 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2022.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Sepsis is a life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by a dysregulated host response to infection. In sepsis, a complicated immune response is initiated, which varies over time with sustained excessive inflammation and immunosuppression. Identifying a promising way to orchestrate sepsis-induced immunosuppression is a challenge. Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) comprise pathologically activated neutrophils and monocytes with potent immunosuppressive activity. They play an important part in inhibiting innate and adaptive immune responses, and have emerged as part of the immune response in sepsis. MDSCs numbers are persistently high in sepsis patients, and associated with nosocomial infections and other adverse clinical outcomes. However, their characteristics and functional mechanisms during sepsis have not been addressed fully. Our review sheds light on the features and suppressive mechanism of MDSCs. We also review the potential applications of MDSCs as biomarkers and targets for clinical treatment of sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanying Zhang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Institute of Anesthesiology and critical care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Xiangzhi Fang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chenggang Gao
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chaoying Song
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yajun He
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ting Zhou
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaobo Yang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - You Shang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Institute of Anesthesiology and critical care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China.
| | - Jiqian Xu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Institute of Anesthesiology and critical care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China.
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12
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Rincon JC, Efron PA, Moldawer LL. Immunopathology of chronic critical illness in sepsis survivors: Role of abnormal myelopoiesis. J Leukoc Biol 2022; 112:1525-1534. [PMID: 36193662 PMCID: PMC9701155 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.4mr0922-690rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Sepsis remains the single most common cause of mortality and morbidity in hospitalized patients requiring intensive care. Although earlier detection and improved treatment bundles have reduced in-hospital mortality, long-term recovery remains dismal. Sepsis survivors who experience chronic critical illness often demonstrate persistent inflammation, immune suppression, lean tissue wasting, and physical and functional cognitive declines, which often last in excess of 1 year. Older patients and those with preexisting comorbidities may never fully recover and have increased mortality compared with individuals who restore their immunologic homeostasis. Many of these responses are shared with individuals with advanced cancer, active autoimmune diseases, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and chronic renal disease. Here, we propose that this resulting immunologic endotype is secondary to a persistent maladaptive reprioritization of myelopoiesis and pathologic activation of myeloid cells. Driven in part by the continuing release of endogenous alarmins from chronic organ injury and muscle wasting, as well as by secondary opportunistic infections, ongoing myelopoiesis at the expense of lymphopoiesis and erythropoiesis leads to anemia, recurring infections, and lean tissue wasting. Early recognition and intervention are required to interrupt this pathologic activation of myeloid populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaimar C Rincon
- Sepsis and Critical Illness Research Center, Laboratory of Inflammation Biology and Surgical Science, Department of Surgery, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Philip A Efron
- Sepsis and Critical Illness Research Center, Laboratory of Inflammation Biology and Surgical Science, Department of Surgery, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Lyle L Moldawer
- Sepsis and Critical Illness Research Center, Laboratory of Inflammation Biology and Surgical Science, Department of Surgery, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, USA
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13
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Formosa A, Turgeon P, dos Santos CC. Role of miRNA dysregulation in sepsis. Mol Med 2022; 28:99. [PMID: 35986237 PMCID: PMC9389495 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-022-00527-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Sepsis is defined as a state of multisystem organ dysfunction secondary to a dysregulated host response to infection and causes millions of deaths worldwide annually. Novel ways to counteract this disease are needed and such tools may be heralded by a detailed understanding of its molecular pathogenesis. MiRNAs are small RNA molecules that target mRNAs to inhibit or degrade their translation and have important roles in several disease processes including sepsis. Main body The current review adopted a strategic approach to analyzing the widespread literature on the topic of miRNAs and sepsis. A pubmed search of “miRNA or microRNA or small RNA and sepsis not review” up to and including January 2021 led to 1140 manuscripts which were reviewed. Two hundred and thirty-three relevant papers were scrutinized for their content and important themes on the topic were identified and subsequently discussed, including an in-depth look at deregulated miRNAs in sepsis in peripheral blood, myeloid derived suppressor cells and extracellular vesicles. Conclusion Our analysis yielded important observations. Certain miRNAs, namely miR-150 and miR-146a, have consistent directional changes in peripheral blood of septic patients across numerous studies with strong data supporting a role in sepsis pathogenesis. Furthermore, a large body of literature show miRNA signatures of clinical relevance, and lastly, many miRNAs deregulated in sepsis are associated with the process of endothelial dysfunction. This review offers a widespread, up-to-date and detailed discussion of the role of miRNAs in sepsis and is meant to stimulate further work in the field due to the potential of these small miRNAs in prompt diagnostics, prognostication and therapeutic agency. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s10020-022-00527-z.
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14
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Sundarasivarao PYK, Walker JM, Rodriguez A, Spur BW, Yin K. Resolvin D2 induces anti-microbial mechanisms in a model of infectious peritonitis and secondary lung infection. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1011944. [PMID: 36532055 PMCID: PMC9754689 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1011944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
In severe bacterial infections, there is a pro-inflammatory response to promote bacterial clearance but this response can cause tissue injury. Later, the immune system becomes dysregulated and the host is unable to clear a secondary or a pre-existing infection. Specialized Pro-resolving Mediators (SPMs) such as resolvin D2 (RvD2) have been shown to be beneficial for inflammation/infection resolution in animal models of sepsis but in vivo mechanisms by which RvD2 may promote bacterial clearance and/or attenuate deleterious effects of a secondary infection have not been fully established. In this study, we used the 2-hit model of cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) induced infectious peritonitis and secondary lung infection with Pseudomonas aeruginosa to find possible antimicrobial and immunomodulatory mechanisms of RvD2. We show that RvD2 given as late as 48h after CLP surgery reduced blood bacterial load without altering plasma cytokines compared to mice given saline vehicle. RvD2 increased splenic neutrophil accumulation as well as average reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. There was also an increase in an immature leukocyte population the myeloid derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) in the spleen of RvD2 treated mice. RvD2 reduced lung lavage bacterial load 24h after P. aeruginosa administration and significantly decreased lung lavage levels of IL-23, a cytokine essential in the Th-17 inflammatory response. In addition, we show that RvD2 increased the number of non-inflammatory alveolar macrophages after P. aeruginosa administration compared to saline treated mice. The study uncovered an antimicrobial mechanism of RvD2 where RvD2 increases mature neutrophil and MDSC accumulation into the spleen to promote blood bacterial clearance. The study showed that in this 2-hit model, RvD2 promotes lung bacterial clearance, increased non-inflammatory alveolar macrophage number and inhibits an adaptive immune pathway providing evidence of its resolution mechanism in secondary pulmonary infection.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Kingsley Yin
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rowan University School of Osteopathic Medicine, Stratford, NJ, United States
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15
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ICU and Sepsis: Role of Myeloid and Lymphocyte Immune Cells. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2022; 2022:7340266. [PMID: 36199798 PMCID: PMC9527402 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7340266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Sepsis is a severe immune system reaction to infection and a major cause of ICU-related fatalities. Because of the high mortality, high cost of treatment, and complex aetiology of sepsis, sepsis has a huge impact on healthcare. Some of the health complications in sepsis are abnormal cardiac functions, hypoperfusion, hypotension, tissue damage, multiple organ failure, and ultimately death. Individuals with weak immune systems and chronic medical conditions are highly vulnerable to sepsis. In sepsis, a patient shows the extreme immune response in the initial stage while prolonged immunosuppression in the later stages. Sepsis-driven immunosuppression ushers in death because sepsis cases develop secondary infections postrecovery. The later immunocompromised state in sepsis is attributed myeloid-derived suppressor cell upregulation and reduced immune activity displayed by lymphocytes (lymphocyte anergy). As a result, it is currently suggested that regulating the immune response is a better therapeutic approach than focusing on inflammation to improve the immune system's capacity to fight infections. Moreover, finding novel and accurate prognostic biomarkers that can help in rapid sepsis diagnoses and deciding better therapeutic strategies will significantly lower clinical case mortality rates.
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16
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The function of myeloid-derived suppressor cells in COVID-19 lymphopenia. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 112:109277. [PMID: 36206651 PMCID: PMC9513342 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.109277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has caused a global pandemic and presents a significant danger to public health. Lymphopenia is considered to be the defining characteristic of severe COVID-19, especially in elderly people. Lymphopenia has been suggested as a pivotal factor in disease severity. To minimize mortality in COVID-19 patients, it is essential to have a deeper understanding of the processes behind lymphocytopenia. Recently, myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) have been confirmed as a key mediator of lymphopenia. MDSCs are characterized by their powerful capacity to suppress T cells and eventually contribute to the course of illness. Targeting these cells may improve the disease prognosis. In this article, we analyze the available research on MDSCs in lymphopenia and discuss their immunopathologic changes and prospective therapeutic targets in patients with COVID-19 lymphocytopenia.
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17
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Hong C, Lu H, Huang X, Chen M, Jin R, Dai X, Gong F, Dong H, Wang H, Gao XM. Neutrophils as regulators of macrophage-induced inflammation in a setting of allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. Stem Cell Reports 2022; 17:1561-1575. [PMID: 35777356 PMCID: PMC9287675 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2022.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Clinical data reveal that patients with allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) are vulnerable to infection and prone to developing severe sepsis, which greatly compromises the success of transplantation, indicating a dysregulation of inflammatory immune response in this clinical setting. Here, by using a mouse model of haploidentical bone marrow transplantation (haplo-BMT), we found that uncontrolled macrophage inflammation underlies the pathogenesis of both LPS- and E.coli-induced sepsis in recipient animals with graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). Deficient neutrophil maturation in GVHD mice post-haplo-BMT diminished modulation of macrophage-induced inflammation, which was mechanistically dependent on MMP9-mediated activation of TGF-β1. Accordingly, adoptive transfer of mature neutrophils purified from wild-type donor mice inhibited both sterile and infectious sepsis in GVHD mice post-haplo-BMT. Together, our findings identify a novel mature neutrophil-dependent regulation of macrophage inflammatory response in a haplo-BMT setting and provide useful clues for developing clinical strategies for patients suffering from post-HSCT sepsis. Macrophage inflammation leads to the development of post-haplo-BMT sepsis Impaired neutrophil maturation diminishes regulation of macrophage inflammation Extramedullary granulopoiesis fails to support neutrophil maturation after haplo-BMT Neutrophils regulate macrophage inflammation via MMP9-mediated TGF-β1 activation
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Hong
- Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, 199 Ren-Ai Road, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China.
| | - Hongyun Lu
- Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, 199 Ren-Ai Road, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Xiaohong Huang
- Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, 199 Ren-Ai Road, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Ming Chen
- Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, 199 Ren-Ai Road, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Rong Jin
- Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, 199 Ren-Ai Road, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Xiaoqiu Dai
- Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, 199 Ren-Ai Road, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Fangyuan Gong
- Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, 199 Ren-Ai Road, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Hongliang Dong
- Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, 199 Ren-Ai Road, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Hongmin Wang
- Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, 199 Ren-Ai Road, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Xiao-Ming Gao
- Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, 199 Ren-Ai Road, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China.
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18
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Austermann J, Roth J, Barczyk-Kahlert K. The Good and the Bad: Monocytes' and Macrophages' Diverse Functions in Inflammation. Cells 2022; 11:cells11121979. [PMID: 35741108 PMCID: PMC9222172 DOI: 10.3390/cells11121979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Monocytes and macrophages are central players of the innate immune response and play a pivotal role in the regulation of inflammation. Thereby, they actively participate in all phases of the immune response, from initiating inflammation and triggering the adaptive immune response, through to the clearance of cell debris and resolution of inflammation. In this review, we described the mechanisms of monocyte and macrophage adaptation to rapidly changing microenvironmental conditions and discussed different forms of macrophage polarization depending on the environmental cues or pathophysiological condition. Therefore, special focus was placed on the tight regulation of the pro- and anti-inflammatory immune response, and the diverse functions of S100A8/S100A9 proteins and the scavenger receptor CD163 were highlighted, respectively. We paid special attention to the function of pro- and anti-inflammatory macrophages under pathological conditions.
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19
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Kustermann M, Dasari P, Knape I, Keltsch E, Liu J, Pflüger S, Osen W, Holzmann K, Huber-Lang M, Debatin KM, Strauss G. Adoptively Transferred in vitro-Generated Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells Improve T-Cell Function and Antigen-Specific Immunity after Traumatic Lung Injury. J Innate Immun 2022; 15:78-95. [PMID: 35691281 PMCID: PMC10643914 DOI: 10.1159/000525088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune reactions after trauma are characterized by immediate activation of innate immunity and simultaneously downregulation of adaptive immunity leading to a misbalanced immunohomeostasis and immunosuppression of the injured host. Therefore, the susceptibility to secondary infections is strongly increased after trauma. Immune responses are regulated by a network of immune cells influencing each other and at the same time modifying their functions dependent on the inflammatory environment. Although myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are initially described as T-cell suppressors, their immunomodulatory capacity after trauma is mostly undefined. Therefore, in vitro-generated MDSCs were adoptively transferred into mice after blunt chest trauma (TxT). A single MDSC treatment-induced splenic T-cell expansion decreased apoptosis sensitivity and improved proliferation in the absence of T-cell exhaustion until 2 weeks after trauma. MDSC treatment had a long-lasting effect on the genomic landscape of CD4+ T cells by upregulating primarily Th2-associated genes. Remarkably, immune-activating functions of MDSCs supported the ability of TxT mice to respond to post-traumatic secondary antigen challenge. Secondary insults were mimicked by immunizing MDSC-treated TxT mice with ovalbumin (OVA), followed by OVA restimulation in vitro. MDSC treatment significantly increased the frequency of OVA-specific T cells, enhanced their Th1/Th2 cytokine expression, and induced upregulation of cytolytic molecules finally improving OVA-specific cytotoxicity. Overall, we could show that therapeutic MDSC treatment after TxT improves post-traumatic T-cell functions, which might enable the traumatic host to counterbalance trauma-induced immunoparalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Kustermann
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Prasad Dasari
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Ingrid Knape
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Emma Keltsch
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Jianing Liu
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Silvia Pflüger
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Wolfram Osen
- GMP & T Cell Therapy, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Markus Huber-Lang
- Institute of Experimental Trauma-Immunology, University Medical Center Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Klaus-Michael Debatin
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Gudrun Strauss
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center Ulm, Ulm, Germany
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20
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Perfilyeva YV, Ostapchuk YO, Tleulieva R, Kali A, Abdolla N, Krasnoshtanov VK, Perfilyeva AV, Belyaev NN. Myeloid-derived suppressor cells in COVID-19: A review. Clin Immunol 2022; 238:109024. [PMID: 35489643 PMCID: PMC9042722 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2022.109024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a potentially life-threatening infection characterized by excessive inflammation, coagulation disorders and organ damage. A dysregulated myeloid cell compartment is one of the most striking immunopathologic signatures of this newly emerged infection. A growing number of studies are reporting on the expansion of myeloid cells with immunoregulatory activities in the periphery and airways of COVID-19 patients. These cells share phenotypic and functional similarities with myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), which were first described in cancer patients. MDSCs are a heterogeneous population of pathologically activated myeloid cells that exert immunosuppressive activities against mainly effector T cells. The increased frequency of these cells in COVID-19 patients suggests that they are involved in immune regulation during this infection. In this article, we review the current findings on MDSCs in COVID-19 and discuss the complex role of these cells in the immunopathology of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuliya V Perfilyeva
- M.A. Aitkhozhin Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, 86 Dosmukhamedov St., Almaty 050012, Kazakhstan; Almaty Branch of the National Center for Biotechnology, 14 Zhahanger St., Almaty 050054, Kazakhstan.
| | - Yekaterina O Ostapchuk
- M.A. Aitkhozhin Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, 86 Dosmukhamedov St., Almaty 050012, Kazakhstan; Almaty Branch of the National Center for Biotechnology, 14 Zhahanger St., Almaty 050054, Kazakhstan
| | - Raikhan Tleulieva
- M.A. Aitkhozhin Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, 86 Dosmukhamedov St., Almaty 050012, Kazakhstan
| | - Aykin Kali
- M.A. Aitkhozhin Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, 86 Dosmukhamedov St., Almaty 050012, Kazakhstan; Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, 71 Al-Farabi Ave., Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan
| | - Nurshat Abdolla
- M.A. Aitkhozhin Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, 86 Dosmukhamedov St., Almaty 050012, Kazakhstan; Almaty Branch of the National Center for Biotechnology, 14 Zhahanger St., Almaty 050054, Kazakhstan; Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, 71 Al-Farabi Ave., Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan
| | | | | | - Nikolai N Belyaev
- Saint-Petersburg Pasteur Institute, 14 Mira St., St. Petersburg 197101, Russia
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21
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Caldara M, Belgiovine C, Secchi E, Rusconi R. Environmental, Microbiological, and Immunological Features of Bacterial Biofilms Associated with Implanted Medical Devices. Clin Microbiol Rev 2022; 35:e0022120. [PMID: 35044203 PMCID: PMC8768833 DOI: 10.1128/cmr.00221-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The spread of biofilms on medical implants represents one of the principal triggers of persistent and chronic infections in clinical settings, and it has been the subject of many studies in the past few years, with most of them focused on prosthetic joint infections. We review here recent works on biofilm formation and microbial colonization on a large variety of indwelling devices, ranging from heart valves and pacemakers to urological and breast implants and from biliary stents and endoscopic tubes to contact lenses and neurosurgical implants. We focus on bacterial abundance and distribution across different devices and body sites and on the role of environmental features, such as the presence of fluid flow and properties of the implant surface, as well as on the interplay between bacterial colonization and the response of the human immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Caldara
- Interdepartmental Center on Safety, Technologies, and Agri-food Innovation (SITEIA.PARMA), University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Cristina Belgiovine
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano–Milan, Italy
- Scuola di Specializzazione in Microbiologia e Virologia, Università degli Studi di Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Eleonora Secchi
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Roberto Rusconi
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano–Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele–Milan, Italy
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22
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Chen J, Cai S, Li R, Xie J, Yang F, Liu T. Blockade of Cycloxygenase-2 ameliorates sepsis induced immune-suppression by regulating myeloid-derived suppressor cells. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 104:108506. [PMID: 35008007 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.108506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) and cyclooxy-genase-2 (COX-2)/Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) axis are important contributors to sepsis-induced immune-suppression. The purpose of present study is to explore whether COX-2 inhibitor can improve immunological disorder after sepsis via regulating MDSCs. METHODS A ''two-hit'' model reflecting clinical sepsis development was performed. Cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) and Legionella pneumophila infection were used as the first and the second hit, respectively. NS398, a selective COX-2 inhibitor, was utilized to treat septic mice. The motality, bacterial counts in the lung, systematic inflammatory reaction and CD4 + T cells response after sepsis were assessed, so as the frequency and function of MDSCs. In some experiments, the number of MDSCs was manipulated by adoptive transfer or neutralizing antibody before induction of secondary infection. RESULTS Mice surviving CLP showed a marked expansion and activation of MDSCs in spleen, accompanied by suppressed proliferating capability, impaired secreting functionand increased apoptosis of CD4 + T cells. Majority of CLP survivors became succumbed to L. pneumophila invasion, associated with defective bacteria elimination ability. NS398 treatment was found to ameliorate these adverse outcomes significantly. CONCLUSION MDSCs contribute greatly to the sepsis-induced immune dysfunction. Inhibiting COX-2 may become a promising therapy that targets MDSCs-induced immunosuppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajun Chen
- Department of Trauma Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Shiqi Cai
- Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Renjie Li
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Jie Xie
- Department of Trauma Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Fan Yang
- Department of Trauma Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Tao Liu
- Department of Trauma Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan, Hubei, PR China.
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23
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Schrijver IT, Karakike E, Théroude C, Baumgartner P, Harari A, Giamarellos-Bourboulis EJ, Calandra T, Roger T. High levels of monocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells are associated with favorable outcome in patients with pneumonia and sepsis with multi-organ failure. Intensive Care Med Exp 2022; 10:5. [PMID: 35146585 PMCID: PMC8831012 DOI: 10.1186/s40635-022-00431-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are immature myeloid cells with immunosuppressive functions sub-classified into monocytic and polymorphonuclear MDSCs (M-MDSCs and PMN-MDSCs). Clinical studies reported increased levels of MDSCs that were associated with poor outcome in sepsis patients. Since sepsis patients exhibit signs of inflammation and immunosuppression, MDSCs may provide benefit by dampening deleterious inflammation in some patients. To test this hypothesis, we measured MDSCs in critically ill sepsis patients with pneumonia and multi-organ dysfunctions and a high likelihood of death. Methods This was a prospective multicenter observational cohort study performed in eight ICUs in Athens and Thessaloniki, Greece, enrolling critically ill patients with pneumonia and sepsis with multi-organ dysfunctions. A flow cytometry approach using blood collected at study inclusion in tubes containing lyophilized antibodies combined to unsupervised clustering was developed to quantify M-MDSCs and PMN-MDSCs. Results Forty-eight patients were included, of whom 34 died within 90 days. At study inclusion, M-MDSCs and PMN-MDSCs were increased in sepsis patients when compared to healthy subjects (3.07% vs 0.96% and 22% vs 2.1% of leukocytes, respectively; p < 10–4). Increased PMN-MDSCs were associated with secondary infections (p = 0.024) and new sepsis episodes (p = 0.036). M-MDSCs were more abundant in survivors than in patients who died within 28 days (p = 0.028). Stratification of patients according to M-MDSC levels revealed that high levels of M-MDSC were associated with reduced 90-day mortality (high vs low M-MDSCs: 47% vs 84% mortality, p = 0.003, hazard ratio [HR] = 3.2, 95% CI 1.4–7.2). Combining high M-MDSC levels with low Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) II score improved patient stratification (M-MDSCshigh/APACHE IIlow vs M-MDSCslow/APACHE IIlow: 20% vs 80% 90-day mortality, p = 0.0096, HR = 7.2, 95% CI 1.6–32). In multivariate analyses high M-MDSCs remained correlated with improved survival in patients with low APACHE II score (p = 0.05, HR = 5.26, 95% CI 1.0–27.8). Conclusion This is the first study to associate high levels of M-MDSCs with improved survival in sepsis patients. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s40635-022-00431-0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene T Schrijver
- Infectious Diseases Service, Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, CLED.04.407, Chemin des Boveresses 155, 1066, Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Eleni Karakike
- 4th Department of Internal Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Charlotte Théroude
- Infectious Diseases Service, Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, CLED.04.407, Chemin des Boveresses 155, 1066, Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Pétra Baumgartner
- Department of Oncology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Alexandre Harari
- Department of Oncology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Thierry Calandra
- Infectious Diseases Service, Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, CLED.04.407, Chemin des Boveresses 155, 1066, Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Thierry Roger
- Infectious Diseases Service, Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, CLED.04.407, Chemin des Boveresses 155, 1066, Epalinges, Switzerland.
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Bah I, Youssef D, Yao ZQ, McCall CE, El Gazzar M. Inhibiting KDM6A Demethylase Represses Long Non-Coding RNA Hotairm1 Transcription in MDSC During Sepsis. Front Immunol 2022; 13:823660. [PMID: 35185915 PMCID: PMC8851568 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.823660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) prolong sepsis by promoting immunosuppression. We reported that sepsis MDSC development requires long non-coding RNA Hotairm1 interactions with S100A9. Using a mouse model that simulates the immunobiology of sepsis, we find that histone demethylase KDM6A promotes Hotairm1 transcription by demethylating transcription repression H3K27me3 histone mark. We show that chemical targeting of KDM6A by GSK-J4 represses Hotairm1 transcription, which coincides with decreases in transcription activation H3K4me3 histone mark and transcription factor PU.1 binding to the Hotairm1 promoter. We further show that immunosuppressive IL-10 cytokine promotes KDM6A binding at the Hotairm1 promoter. IL-10 knockdown repletes H3K27me3 and reduces Hotairm1 transcription. GSK-J4 treatment also relocalizes nuclear S100A9 protein to the cytosol. To support translation to human sepsis, we demonstrate that inhibiting H3K27me3 demethylation by KDM6A ex vivo in MDSCs from patients with protracted sepsis decreases Hotairm1 transcription. These findings suggest that epigenetic targeting of MDSCs in human sepsis might resolve post-sepsis immunosuppression and improve sepsis survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isatou Bah
- Department of Internal Medicine, East Tennessee State University College of Medicine, Johnson City, TN, United States
| | - Dima Youssef
- Department of Internal Medicine, East Tennessee State University College of Medicine, Johnson City, TN, United States
| | - Zhi Q. Yao
- Department of Internal Medicine, East Tennessee State University College of Medicine, Johnson City, TN, United States
| | - Charles E. McCall
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
| | - Mohamed El Gazzar
- Department of Internal Medicine, East Tennessee State University College of Medicine, Johnson City, TN, United States,*Correspondence: Mohamed El Gazzar,
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25
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Scheurer J, Kitt K, Huber HJ, Fundel-Clemens K, Pflanz S, Debatin KM, Strauss G. Graft-Versus-Host Disease Prevention by In Vitro-Generated Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells Is Exclusively Mediated by the CD11b+CD11c+ MDSC Subpopulation. Front Immunol 2021; 12:754316. [PMID: 34721430 PMCID: PMC8551363 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.754316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are a heterogeneous population of myeloid progenitor cells that dampen overwhelming adaptive immune responses through multiple mechanisms and are recognized as an attractive novel immune intervention therapy for counteracting the destructive effects of graft-
versus
-host disease (GVHD) developing after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT). MDSCs can be produced in great numbers for cellular therapy, but they present a mixture of subsets whose functions in GVHD prevention are undefined. Here, we generated MDSCs in vitro from murine BM cells in the presence of GM-CSF and defined the integrin CD11c as a marker to subdivide MDSCs into two functional subgroups: CD11b+CD11c+ and CD11b+CD11c− MDSCs. Isolated CD11b+CD11c+ and CD11b+CD11c− MDSCs both inhibited alloantigen-stimulated T-cell proliferation in vitro, although CD11b+CD11c+ MDSCs were more efficient and expressed higher levels of different immunosuppressive molecules. Likewise, expression of surface markers such as MHC class II, CD80, CD86, or PD-L1 further delineated both subsets. Most importantly, only the adoptive transfer of CD11b+CD11c+ MDSCs into a single MHC class I-disparate allogeneic BMT model prevented GVHD development and strongly decreased disease-induced mortality, while CD11b+CD11c− MDSCs were totally ineffective. Surprisingly, allogeneic T-cell homing and expansion in lymphatic and GVHD target organs were not affected by cotransplanted CD11b+CD11c+ MDSCs indicating a clear contradiction between in vitro and in vivo functions of MDSCs. However, CD11b+CD11c+ MDSCs shifted immune responses towards type 2 immunity reflected by increased Th2-specific cytokine expression of allogeneic T cells. Induction of type 2 immunity was mandatory for GVHD prevention, since CD11b+CD11c+ MDSCs were ineffective if recipients were reconstituted with STAT6-deficient T cells unable to differentiate into Th2 cells. Most importantly, the beneficial graft-
versus
-tumor (GVT) effect was maintained in the presence of CD11b+CD11c+ MDSCs since syngeneic tumor cells were efficiently eradicated. Strong differences in the transcriptomic landscape of both subpopulations underlined their functional differences. Defining CD11b+CD11c+ MDSCs as the subset of in vitro-generated MDSCs able to inhibit GVHD development might help to increase efficiency of MDSC therapy and to further delineate relevant target molecules and signaling pathways responsible for GVHD prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmin Scheurer
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Kerstin Kitt
- Department of Cancer Immunology and Immune Modulation, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma Co KG, Biberach an der Riss, Germany
| | - Heinrich J Huber
- Global Computational Biology and Digital Sciences, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma Co KG, Biberach an der Riss, Germany.,Drug Discovery Services, Boehringer Ingelheim Regional Center Vienna (RCV) GmbH & Co KG, Vienna, Austria
| | - Katrin Fundel-Clemens
- Global Computational Biology and Digital Sciences, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma Co KG, Biberach an der Riss, Germany
| | - Stefan Pflanz
- Department of Cancer Immunology and Immune Modulation, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma Co KG, Biberach an der Riss, Germany
| | - Klaus-Michael Debatin
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Gudrun Strauss
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center Ulm, Ulm, Germany
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Sayyadioskoie SR, Schwacha MG. Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells (MDSCs) and the Immunoinflammatory Response to Injury (Mini Review). Shock 2021; 56:658-666. [PMID: 33882515 DOI: 10.1097/shk.0000000000001795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are a heterogenous population of immature myeloid cells hallmarked by their potent immunosuppressive function in a vast array of pathologic conditions. MDSCs have recently been shown to exhibit marked expansion in acute inflammatory states including traumatic injury, burn, and sepsis. Although MDSCs have been well characterized in cancer, there are significant gaps in our knowledge of their functionality in trauma and sepsis, and their clinical significance remains unclear. It is suggested that MDSCs serve an important role in quelling profound inflammatory responses in the acute setting; however, MDSC accumulation may also predispose patients to developing persistent immune dysregulation with increased risk for nosocomial infections, sepsis, and multiorgan failure. Whether MDSCs may serve as the target for novel therapeutics or an important biomarker in trauma and sepsis is yet to be determined. In this review, we will discuss the current understanding of MDSCs within the context of specific traumatic injury types and sepsis. To improve delineation of their functional role, we propose a systemic approach to MDSC analysis including phenotypic standardization, longitudinal analysis, and expansion of clinical research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Martin G Schwacha
- Department of Surgery, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas
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27
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Trained Innate Immunity Induced by Vaccination with Low-Virulence Candida Species Mediates Protection against Several Forms of Fungal Sepsis via Ly6G + Gr-1 + Leukocytes. mBio 2021; 12:e0254821. [PMID: 34663098 PMCID: PMC8524338 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.02548-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
We recently discovered a novel form of trained innate immunity (TII) induced by low-virulence Candida species (i.e., Candida dubliniensis) that protects against lethal fungal/bacterial infection. Mice vaccinated by intraperitoneal (i.p.) inoculation are protected against lethal sepsis following Candida albicans/Staphylococcus aureus (Ca/Sa) intra-abdominal infection (IAI) or Ca bloodstream infection (BSI). The protection against IAI is mediated by long-lived Gr-1+ leukocytes as putative myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) and not by prototypical trained macrophages. This study aimed to determine if a similar TII mechanism (Gr-1+ cell-mediated suppression of sepsis) is protective against BSI and whether this TII can also be induced following intravenous (i.v.) vaccination. For this, mice were vaccinated with low-virulence Candida strains (i.p. or i.v.), followed by lethal challenge (Ca/Sa i.p. or Ca i.v.) 14 days later, and observed for sepsis (hypothermia, sepsis scoring, and serum cytokines), organ fungal burden, and mortality. Similar parameters were monitored following depletion of macrophages or Gr-1+ leukocytes during lethal challenge. The results showed that mice vaccinated i.p. or i.v. were protected against lethal Ca/Sa IAI or Ca BSI. In all cases, protection was mediated by Ly6G+ Gr-1+ putative granulocytic MDSCs (G-MDSCs), with no role for macrophages, and correlated with reduced sepsis parameters. Protection also correlated with reduced fungal burden in spleen and brain but not liver or kidney. These results suggest that Ly6G+ G-MDSC-mediated TII is induced by either the i.p. and i.v. route of inoculation and protects against IAI or BSI forms of systemic candidiasis, with survival correlating with amelioration of sepsis and reduced organ-specific fungal burden. IMPORTANCE Trained innate immunity (TII) is induced following immunization with live attenuated microbes and represents a clinically important strategy to enhance innate defenses. TII was initially demonstrated following intravenous inoculation with low-virulence Candida albicans, with protection against a subsequent lethal C. albicans intravenous bloodstream infection (BSI) mediated by monocytes with enhanced cytokine responses. We expanded this by describing a novel form of TII induced by intraperitoneal inoculation with low-virulence Candida that protects against lethal sepsis induced by polymicrobial intra-abdominal infection (IAI) via Gr-1+ leukocytes as putative myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs). In this study, we addressed these two scenarios and confirmed an exclusive role for Ly6G+ Gr-1+ leukocytes in mediating TII against either IAI or BSI via either route of inoculation, with protection associated with suppression of sepsis. These studies highlight the previously unrecognized importance of Ly6G+ MDSCs as central mediators of a novel form of TII termed trained tolerogenic immunity.
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28
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Bah I, Alkhateeb T, Youssef D, Yao ZQ, McCall CE, El Gazzar M. KDM6A Lysine Demethylase Directs Epigenetic Polarity of MDSCs during Murine Sepsis. J Innate Immun 2021; 14:112-123. [PMID: 34289476 PMCID: PMC9082193 DOI: 10.1159/000517407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Sepsis-induced myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) increase mortality risk. We previously identified that long non-coding RNA Hotairm1 supports myeloid precursor shifts to Gr1+CD11b+ MDSCs during mouse sepsis. A major unanswered question is what molecular processes control Hotairm1 expression. In this study, we found by a genetic deletion that a specific PU.1-binding site is indispensable in controlling Hotairm1 transcription. We then identified H3K4me3 and H3K27me3 at the PU.1 site on the Hotairm1 promoter. Controlling an epigenetic switch of Hotairm1 transcription by PU.1 was histone KDM6A demethylase for H3K27me3 that derepressed its transcription with possible contributions from Ezh2 methyltransferase for H3K27me3. KDM6A knockdown in MDSCs increased H3K27me3, decreased H3K4me3, and inhibited Hotairm1 transcription activation by PU.1. These results enlighten clinical translation research of PU.1 epigenetic regulation as a potential sepsis immune-checkpoint treatment site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isatou Bah
- Department of Internal Medicine, East Tennessee State University College of Medicine, Johnson City, Tennessee, USA
| | - Tuqa Alkhateeb
- Department of Internal Medicine, East Tennessee State University College of Medicine, Johnson City, Tennessee, USA
| | - Dima Youssef
- Department of Internal Medicine, East Tennessee State University College of Medicine, Johnson City, Tennessee, USA
| | - Zhi Q. Yao
- Department of Internal Medicine, East Tennessee State University College of Medicine, Johnson City, Tennessee, USA
| | - Charles E. McCall
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Mohamed El Gazzar
- Department of Internal Medicine, East Tennessee State University College of Medicine, Johnson City, Tennessee, USA,*Mohamed El Gazzar,
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29
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Budhwar S, Verma R, Verma P, Bala R, Rai S, Singh K. Estradiol correlates with the accumulation of Monocytic Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells in Pre-term birth: A possible explanation of immune suppression in pre-term babies. J Reprod Immunol 2021; 147:103350. [PMID: 34293589 DOI: 10.1016/j.jri.2021.103350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Revised: 06/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/04/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Synergistic interplay of immune endocrine interaction is prerequisite for an effective maternal fetal tolerance. Pre-term birth (PTB) may be a consequence of altered immune-endocrine crosstalk during third trimester resulting in early breakdown of this tolerance. Myeloid derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), a heterogenous population of immature immune cells are increased in pregnant women and healthy newborns, but their role in PTB still remains obscure. We now report that granulocytic MDSCs (G-MDSCs) is decreased in women delivering prematurely, suggesting their potential role in maintaining maternal fetal tolerance. Interestingly, in contrast statistically significant increase in MDSCs and monocytic MDSCs (M-MDSCs) along with positive correlation with cord serum estradiol (E2), and overexpressed ER-α in placental tissue suggested E2 mediated accumulation of M-MDSCs in PTB babies. MDSCs mediated immune suppression is accompanied with subsequent decline in total T cells and its subtypes: Th and Tc in PTB babies, which signifies their potential contribution towards the impaired immune system of PTB babies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Snehil Budhwar
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Rachna Verma
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Priyanka Verma
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Renu Bala
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Sangeeta Rai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Kiran Singh
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India.
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30
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Vance JK, Rawson TW, Povroznik JM, Brundage KM, Robinson CM. Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells Gain Suppressive Function during Neonatal Bacterial Sepsis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22137047. [PMID: 34208904 PMCID: PMC8268718 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22137047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Neonates are at an increased risk of an infectious disease. This is consistent with an increased abundance of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) compared with older children and adults. Using a murine model of neonatal bacterial sepsis, we demonstrate that MDSCs modulate their activity during an infection to enhance immune suppressive functions. A gene expression analysis shows that MDSCs increased NOS2, Arg-1 and IL-27p28 expression in vitro and in vivo in response to Escherichia coli O1:K1:H7 and this is regulated at the level of the gene expression. Changes in the effector gene expression are consistent with increased enzymatic activity and cytokine secretion. The neonatal MDSCs express toll-like receptor (TLR) 2, 4 and 5 capable of recognizing pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPS) on E. coli. However, a variable level of effector expression was achieved in response to LPS, peptidoglycan or flagellin. Individual bacterial PAMPs did not stimulate the expression of Arg-l and IL-27p28 equivalently to E. coli. However, the upregulation of NOS2 was achieved in response to LPS, peptidoglycan and flagella. The increased immune suppressive profile translated to an enhanced suppression of CD4+ T cell proliferation. Collectively, these findings increase our understanding of the dynamic nature of MDSC activity and suggest that these cells abundant in early life can acquire activity during an infection that suppresses protective immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan K. Vance
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cell Biology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA; (J.K.V.); (T.W.R.); (J.M.P.); (K.M.B.)
| | - Travis W. Rawson
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cell Biology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA; (J.K.V.); (T.W.R.); (J.M.P.); (K.M.B.)
| | - Jessica M. Povroznik
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cell Biology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA; (J.K.V.); (T.W.R.); (J.M.P.); (K.M.B.)
| | - Kathleen M. Brundage
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cell Biology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA; (J.K.V.); (T.W.R.); (J.M.P.); (K.M.B.)
| | - Cory M. Robinson
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cell Biology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA; (J.K.V.); (T.W.R.); (J.M.P.); (K.M.B.)
- Vaccine Development Center, Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cell Biology, West Virginia University Health Sciences Center, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA
- Correspondence:
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31
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Vanhaver C, van der Bruggen P, Bruger AM. MDSC in Mice and Men: Mechanisms of Immunosuppression in Cancer. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10132872. [PMID: 34203451 PMCID: PMC8268873 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10132872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) expand during pathological conditions in both humans and mice and their presence is linked to poor clinical outcomes for cancer patients. Studying MDSC immunosuppression is restricted by MDSCs’ rarity, short lifespan, heterogeneity, poor viability after freezing and the lack of MDSC-specific markers. In this review, we will compare identification and isolation strategies for human and murine MDSCs. We will also assess what direct and indirect immunosuppressive mechanisms have been attributed to MDSCs. While some immunosuppressive mechanisms are well-documented in mice, e.g., generation of ROS, direct evidence is still lacking in humans. In future, bulk or single-cell genomics could elucidate which phenotypic and functional phenotypes MDSCs adopt in particular microenvironments and help to identify potential targets for therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Vanhaver
- De Duve Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, Avenue Hippocrate 74, 1200 Brussels, Belgium;
- Correspondence: (C.V.); (A.M.B.)
| | - Pierre van der Bruggen
- De Duve Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, Avenue Hippocrate 74, 1200 Brussels, Belgium;
- WELBIO, Avenue Hippocrate 74, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Annika M. Bruger
- De Duve Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, Avenue Hippocrate 74, 1200 Brussels, Belgium;
- Correspondence: (C.V.); (A.M.B.)
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Reyes M, Filbin MR, Bhattacharyya RP, Sonny A, Mehta A, Billman K, Kays KR, Pinilla-Vera M, Benson ME, Cosimi LA, Hung DT, Levy BD, Villani AC, Sade-Feldman M, Baron RM, Goldberg MB, Blainey PC, Hacohen N. Plasma from patients with bacterial sepsis or severe COVID-19 induces suppressive myeloid cell production from hematopoietic progenitors in vitro. Sci Transl Med 2021; 13:eabe9599. [PMID: 34103408 PMCID: PMC8432955 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abe9599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial sepsis and severe COVID-19 share similar clinical manifestations and are both associated with dysregulation of the myeloid cell compartment. We previously reported an expanded CD14+ monocyte state, MS1, in patients with bacterial sepsis and validated expansion of this cell subpopulation in publicly available transcriptomics data. Here, using published datasets, we show that the gene expression program associated with MS1 correlated with sepsis severity and was up-regulated in monocytes from patients with severe COVID-19. To examine the ontogeny and function of MS1 cells, we developed a cellular model for inducing CD14+ MS1 monocytes from healthy bone marrow hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs). We found that plasma from patients with bacterial sepsis or COVID-19 induced myelopoiesis in HSPCs in vitro and expression of the MS1 gene program in monocytes and neutrophils that differentiated from these HSPCs. Furthermore, we found that plasma concentrations of IL-6, and to a lesser extent IL-10, correlated with increased myeloid cell output from HSPCs in vitro and enhanced expression of the MS1 gene program. We validated the requirement for these two cytokines to induce the MS1 gene program through CRISPR-Cas9 editing of their receptors in HSPCs. Using this cellular model system, we demonstrated that induced MS1 cells were broadly immunosuppressive and showed decreased responsiveness to stimulation with a synthetic RNA analog. Our in vitro study suggests a potential role for systemic cytokines in inducing myelopoiesis during severe bacterial or SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Reyes
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Michael R Filbin
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Roby P Bhattacharyya
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Center for Bacterial Pathogenesis, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Abraham Sonny
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Arnav Mehta
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Kyle R Kays
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mayra Pinilla-Vera
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Maura E Benson
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lisa A Cosimi
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Deborah T Hung
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Bruce D Levy
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Alexandra-Chloe Villani
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Moshe Sade-Feldman
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rebecca M Baron
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Marcia B Goldberg
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Center for Bacterial Pathogenesis, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Paul C Blainey
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research at MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Nir Hacohen
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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Liu T, Yang F, Xie J, Chen J, Gao W, Bai X, Li Z. All-trans-retinoic acid restores CD4+ T cell response after sepsis by inhibiting the expansion and activation of myeloid-derived suppressor cells. Mol Immunol 2021; 136:8-15. [PMID: 34051632 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2021.04.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Revised: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients are susceptible to immunosuppression in late-stage of sepsis, in which myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) is an important contributor. This study aims to investigate whether all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA), which has been proved to inhibit MDSCs generation in cancer, will ameliorate sepsis-induced immuno-suppression through modulating MDSCs. METHODS A clinically relevant "two-hit'' model of sepsis, the cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) model and secondary pneumonia model, were established in mice. The effects of ATRA on the mortality, the bacterial burden, the expansion and activity of CLP-induced MDSCs, as well as the function of CD4+ T cells were evaluated. RESULTS In CLP model, ATRA was found to reduce frequency of MDSCs in spleen of mice and inhibit activity of MDSCs by regulating the generation and activity of arginase-1 and iNOS, and the secretion of immune-supressive cytokines. ATRA administration eventually reduced mortality of secondary infection by Legionella pneumophila in CLP-surviving mice, which might be associated with the restoration of CD4+ T cells proliferating and secreting activity. CONCLUSION ATRA can restore CD4+ T cells dysfunction in sepsis by modulating the expansion and function of MDSCs and therefore provides a potential therapy that targets the immunosuppressive state of sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Liu
- Department of Trauma Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Department of Trauma Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, China
| | - Jie Xie
- Department of Trauma Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, China
| | - Jiajun Chen
- Department of Trauma Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, China
| | - Wei Gao
- Department of Trauma Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, China
| | - Xiangjun Bai
- Department of Trauma Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, China
| | - Zhanfei Li
- Department of Trauma Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, China.
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Polymorphonuclear Myeloid-Derived Cells That Contribute to the Immune Paralysis Are Generated in the Early Phase of Sepsis via PD-1/PD-L1 Pathway. Infect Immun 2021; 89:IAI.00771-20. [PMID: 33753411 DOI: 10.1128/iai.00771-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune paralysis is a protracted state of immune suppression following the early/acute inflammatory phase of sepsis. CD11b+ Gr-1+ cells induced during sepsis are heterogeneous myeloid-derived cells (MDCs). This study investigated the contribution of MDCs to immune paralysis. Treatment of mice with zymosan (ZM) induced a marked increase in the total number of splenocytes with an increase in the proportion of Gr-1hi cells and a decrease in the proportion of T cells on day 7; levels of these cells eventually return to levels similar to those of control mice on day 21. T-cell activation and gamma interferon (IFN-γ) expression by CD8+ T cells were clearly impaired in ZM-treated mice on day 21 (d21-ZM mice). Gr-1hi cells showed a CD11b+ Ly6Ghi polymorphonuclear phenotype. Injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) into d21-ZM mice impaired interleukin 6 (IL-6) production in serum, accompanied by accumulation of CD11b+ Gr-1hi cells in the peripheral blood. Transfer of Gr-1hi cells from d21-ZM mice into intact mice impaired IL-6 production, but similar transfer of Gr-1hi cells from PD-1/PD-L1-deficient d21-ZM mice showed no such suppressive effect. Conversely, either depletion of Gr-1hi cells by treatment with anti-Gr-1 monoclonal antibody (MAb) or neutralization of the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway by anti-PD-1 and anti-PD-L1 MAbs during the induction phase of sepsis ameliorated ZM-induced immune suppression. Our results suggest that the PD-1/PD-L1-mediated generation of Gr-1hi cells in the early phase of sepsis is required for the late phase of immune paralysis.
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MicroRNA-150 inhibits myeloid-derived suppressor cells proliferation and function through negative regulation of ARG-1 in sepsis. Life Sci 2021; 278:119626. [PMID: 34004247 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Sepsis is defined as life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by a dysregulated host response to infection. The majority of sepsis-related deaths occur during late sepsis, which presents as a state of immunosuppression. Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) have been reported to promote immunosuppression during sepsis. Here we aim to understand the role of microRNAs in regulating MDSCs proliferation and immunosuppression function during sepsis. MAIN METHODS Murine sepsis model was established using cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). A microarray was used to identify microRNAs with differential expression in murine sepsis. The effect of microRNA-150 on MDSCs proliferation and function was then evaluated. 140 multiple trauma patients from Tongji Hospital and 10 healthy controls were recruited. Peripheral blood samples were taken and the serum level of miR-150 was measured. KEY FINDINGS In the murine model of sepsis, MDSCs expansion was noted in the spleen and bone marrow, while expression of miR-150 in MDSCs decreased. Replenishing miR-150 inhibited the expansion of MDSCs in both monocytic and polymorphonuclear subpopulations, as well as decreasing the immunosuppressive function of MDSCs, through down-regulation of ARG1. Both pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-6 and anti-inflammatory cytokines TGF-β and IL-10 were reduced by miR-150. In human, the serum level of miR-150 was down-regulated in septic patients and elevated in non-septic trauma patients compared to healthy controls. SIGNIFICANCE Our study showed that MiR-150 is down-regulated during sepsis. Replenishing miR-150 reduces the immunosuppression function of MDSCs by down-regulating ARG1 in late sepsis. MiR-150 might serve as a potential therapeutic option for sepsis.
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Osuchowski MF, Winkler MS, Skirecki T, Cajander S, Shankar-Hari M, Lachmann G, Monneret G, Venet F, Bauer M, Brunkhorst FM, Weis S, Garcia-Salido A, Kox M, Cavaillon JM, Uhle F, Weigand MA, Flohé SB, Wiersinga WJ, Almansa R, de la Fuente A, Martin-Loeches I, Meisel C, Spinetti T, Schefold JC, Cilloniz C, Torres A, Giamarellos-Bourboulis EJ, Ferrer R, Girardis M, Cossarizza A, Netea MG, van der Poll T, Bermejo-Martín JF, Rubio I. The COVID-19 puzzle: deciphering pathophysiology and phenotypes of a new disease entity. THE LANCET RESPIRATORY MEDICINE 2021; 9:622-642. [PMID: 33965003 PMCID: PMC8102044 DOI: 10.1016/s2213-2600(21)00218-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 298] [Impact Index Per Article: 99.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Revised: 03/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The zoonotic SARS-CoV-2 virus that causes COVID-19 continues to spread worldwide, with devastating consequences. While the medical community has gained insight into the epidemiology of COVID-19, important questions remain about the clinical complexities and underlying mechanisms of disease phenotypes. Severe COVID-19 most commonly involves respiratory manifestations, although other systems are also affected, and acute disease is often followed by protracted complications. Such complex manifestations suggest that SARS-CoV-2 dysregulates the host response, triggering wide-ranging immuno-inflammatory, thrombotic, and parenchymal derangements. We review the intricacies of COVID-19 pathophysiology, its various phenotypes, and the anti-SARS-CoV-2 host response at the humoral and cellular levels. Some similarities exist between COVID-19 and respiratory failure of other origins, but evidence for many distinctive mechanistic features indicates that COVID-19 constitutes a new disease entity, with emerging data suggesting involvement of an endotheliopathy-centred pathophysiology. Further research, combining basic and clinical studies, is needed to advance understanding of pathophysiological mechanisms and to characterise immuno-inflammatory derangements across the range of phenotypes to enable optimum care for patients with COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcin F Osuchowski
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Experimental and Clinical Traumatology in the AUVA Research Center, Vienna, Austria
| | - Martin S Winkler
- Department of Anaesthesiology, University of Göttingen Medical Center, Göttingen, Georg-August University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Tomasz Skirecki
- Laboratory of Flow Cytometry, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Sara Cajander
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Manu Shankar-Hari
- Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, ICU support offices, St Thomas' Hospital, London, UK; School of Immunology & Microbial Sciences, Kings College London, London, UK
| | - Gunnar Lachmann
- Department of Anesthesiology and Operative Intensive Care Medicine (CCM/CVK), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Guillaume Monneret
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Immunology Laboratory, Edouard Herriot Hospital, Lyon, France; Pathophysiology of Injury-Induced Immunosuppression, Equipe d'Accueil 7426, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 - bioMérieux - Hospices Civils de Lyon, Hôpital Edouard Herriot, Lyon, France
| | - Fabienne Venet
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Immunology Laboratory, Edouard Herriot Hospital, Lyon, France; Pathophysiology of Injury-Induced Immunosuppression, Equipe d'Accueil 7426, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 - bioMérieux - Hospices Civils de Lyon, Hôpital Edouard Herriot, Lyon, France
| | - Michael Bauer
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine and Center for Sepsis Control and Care, Jena University Hospital-Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
| | - Frank M Brunkhorst
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine and Center for Sepsis Control and Care, Jena University Hospital-Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany; Center for Clinical Studies, Jena University Hospital-Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
| | - Sebastian Weis
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine and Center for Sepsis Control and Care, Jena University Hospital-Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany; Institute for Infectious Disease and Infection Control, Jena University Hospital-Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
| | - Alberto Garcia-Salido
- Pediatric Critical Care Unit, Hospital Infantil Universitario Niño Jesús, Madrid, Spain
| | - Matthijs Kox
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | | | - Florian Uhle
- Department of Anesthesiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Markus A Weigand
- Department of Anesthesiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stefanie B Flohé
- Department of Trauma, Hand, and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - W Joost Wiersinga
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Center of Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Raquel Almansa
- Group for Biomedical Research in Sepsis, Hospital Universitario Río Hortega de Valladolid, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomedica En Red-Enfermedades Respiratorias, Instituto de salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Amanda de la Fuente
- Group for Biomedical Research in Sepsis, Hospital Universitario Río Hortega de Valladolid, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Ignacio Martin-Loeches
- Multidisciplinary Intensive Care Research Organization, St James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Christian Meisel
- Institute for Medical Immunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Department of Immunology, Labor Berlin-Charité Vivantes, Berlin, Germany
| | - Thibaud Spinetti
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Joerg C Schefold
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Catia Cilloniz
- Pneumology Department, Respiratory Institute, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, University of Barcelona, ICREA, CIBERESUCICOVID, Spain
| | - Antoni Torres
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Center of Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands; Pneumology Department, Respiratory Institute, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, University of Barcelona, ICREA, CIBERESUCICOVID, Spain; SGR 911-ICREA Academia, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Ricard Ferrer
- Centro de Investigación Biomedica En Red-Enfermedades Respiratorias, Instituto de salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Intensive Care Department and Shock, Organ Dysfunction and Resuscitation Research Group, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Massimo Girardis
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, University Hospital of Modena, Modena, Italy
| | - Andrea Cossarizza
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children and Adults, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Mihai G Netea
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands; Human Genomics Laboratory, Craiova University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Craiova, Romania; Department for Immunology and Metabolism, Life and Medical Sciences Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Tom van der Poll
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Center of Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Jesús F Bermejo-Martín
- Group for Biomedical Research in Sepsis, Hospital Universitario Río Hortega de Valladolid, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomedica En Red-Enfermedades Respiratorias, Instituto de salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ignacio Rubio
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine and Center for Sepsis Control and Care, Jena University Hospital-Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany.
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Salminen A. Feed-forward regulation between cellular senescence and immunosuppression promotes the aging process and age-related diseases. Ageing Res Rev 2021; 67:101280. [PMID: 33581314 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2021.101280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Revised: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Aging is a progressive degenerative process involving a chronic low-grade inflammation and the accumulation of senescent cells. One major issue is to reveal the mechanisms which promote the deposition of pro-inflammatory senescent cells within tissues. The accumulation involves mechanisms which increase cellular senescence as well as those inhibiting the clearance of senescent cells from tissues. It is known that a persistent inflammatory state evokes a compensatory immunosuppression which inhibits pro-inflammatory processes by impairing the functions of effector immune cells, e.g., macrophages, T cells and natural killer (NK) cells. Unfortunately, these cells are indispensable for immune surveillance and the subsequent clearance of senescent cells, i.e., the inflammation-induced counteracting immunosuppression prevents the cleansing of host tissues. Moreover, senescent cells can also repress their own clearance by expressing inhibitors of immune surveillance and releasing the ligands of NKG2D receptors which impair their surveillance by NK and cytotoxic CD8+ T cells. It seems that cellular senescence and immunosuppression establish a feed-forward process which promotes the aging process and age-related diseases. I will examine in detail the immunosuppressive mechanisms which impair the surveillance and clearance of pro-inflammatory senescent cells with aging. In addition, I will discuss several therapeutic strategies to halt the degenerative feed-forward circuit associated with the aging process and age-related diseases.
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Qiu P, Zhou J, Zhang J, Dong Y, Liu Y. Exosome: The Regulator of the Immune System in Sepsis. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:671164. [PMID: 33995102 PMCID: PMC8113812 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.671164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is a syndrome comprised of a series of life-threatening organ dysfunctions caused by a maladjusted body response to infection with no effective treatment. There is growing evidence that the immune system plays a core role in sepsis. Pathogens cause abnormal host immune response and eventually lead to immunosuppression, which is an important cause of death in patients with sepsis. Exosomes are vesicles derived from double invagination of plasma membrane, associating with immune responses closely. The cargos delivered by exosomes into recipient cells, especially immune cells, effectively alter their response and functions in sepsis. In this review, we focus on the effects and mechanisms of exosomes on multiple immune cells, as well as the role of immune cell-derived exosomes in sepsis. This is helpful for us to have an in-depth understanding of the mechanism of immune disorders in sepsis. Exosomes is also expected to become a novel target and therapeutic approach for sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Qiu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jing Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jin Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Youjing Dong
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Oncology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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Seman BG, Vance JK, Akers SM, Robinson CM. Neonatal low-density granulocytes internalize and kill bacteria but suppress monocyte function using extracellular DNA. J Cell Sci 2021; 134:jcs.252528. [PMID: 33589502 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.252528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Low-density granulocytes (LDGs) are found abundantly in neonatal blood; however, there is limited mechanistic understanding of LDG interactions with bacteria and innate immune cells during acute infection. We aimed to determine how human neonatal LDGs may influence control of the bacterial burden at sites of infection, both individually and in the presence of mononuclear phagocytes. LDGs from human umbilical cord blood do phagocytose Escherichia coli O1:K1:H7 and traffic bacteria into acidic compartments. However, LDGs were significantly less efficient at bacterial uptake and killing compared to monocytes, and this activity was associated with a reduced inflammatory cytokine response. The presence of bacteria triggered the release of DNA (eDNA) from LDGs into the extracellular space that resembled neutrophil extracellular traps, but had limited anti-bacterial activity. Instead, eDNA significantly impaired monocyte control of bacteria during co-culture. These results suggest that LDG recruitment to sites of bacterial infection may compromise host protection in the neonate. Furthermore, our findings reveal novel insights into LDG activity during infection, clarify their inflammatory contributions relative to monocytes, and identify a novel LDG mechanism of immunosuppression.This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brittany G Seman
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, & Cell Biology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA
| | - Jordan K Vance
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, & Cell Biology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA
| | - Stephen M Akers
- Department of Pediatrics, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA
| | - Cory M Robinson
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, & Cell Biology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA .,Vaccine Development Center at West Virginia University Health Sciences Center, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA
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Cheng A, Vantucci CE, Krishnan L, Ruehle MA, Kotanchek T, Wood LB, Roy K, Guldberg RE. Early systemic immune biomarkers predict bone regeneration after trauma. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:e2017889118. [PMID: 33597299 PMCID: PMC7923361 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2017889118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe traumatic injuries are a widespread and challenging clinical problem, and yet the factors that drive successful healing and restoration of function are still not well understood. One recently identified risk factor for poor healing outcomes is a dysregulated immune response following injury. In a preclinical model of orthopedic trauma, we demonstrate that distinct systemic immune profiles are correlated with impaired bone regeneration. Most notably, elevated blood levels of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) and the immunosuppressive cytokine interleukin-10 (IL-10) are negatively correlated with functional bone regeneration as early as 1 wk posttreatment. Nonlinear multivariate regression also implicated these two factors as the most influential in predictive computational models. These results support a significant relationship between early systemic immune responses to trauma and subsequent local bone regeneration and indicate that elevated circulating levels of MDSCs and IL-10 may be predictive of poor functional healing outcomes and represent novel targets for immunotherapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert Cheng
- George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332
- Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332
| | - Casey E Vantucci
- Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30332
| | - Laxminarayanan Krishnan
- Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332
| | - Marissa A Ruehle
- Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30332
| | | | - Levi B Wood
- George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332
- Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30332
| | - Krishnendu Roy
- Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30332
| | - Robert E Guldberg
- George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332;
- Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332
- Knight Campus for Accelerating Scientific Impact, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403
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Sanchez-Pino MD, Dean MJ, Ochoa AC. Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC): When good intentions go awry. Cell Immunol 2021; 362:104302. [PMID: 33592540 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2021.104302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
MDSC are a heterogeneous population of immature myeloid cells that are released by biological stress such as tissue damage and inflammation. Conventionally, MDSC are known for their detrimental role in chronic inflammation and neoplastic conditions. However, their intrinsic functions in immunoregulation, wound healing, and angiogenesis are intended to protect from over-reactive immune responses, maintenance of immunotolerance, tissue repair, and homeostasis. Paradoxically, under certain conditions, MDSC can impair protective immune responses and exacerbate the disease. The transition from protective to harmful MDSC is most likely driven by environmental and epigenetic mechanisms induced by prolonged exposure to unresolved inflammatory triggers. Here, we review several examples of the dual impact of MDSC in conditions such as maternal-fetal tolerance, self-antigens immunotolerance, obesity-associated cancer, sepsis and trauma. Moreover, we also highlighted the evidence indicating that MDSC have a role in COVID-19 pathophysiology. Finally, we have summarized the evidence indicating epigenetic mechanisms associated with MDSC function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Dulfary Sanchez-Pino
- Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA; Department of Genetics, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA.
| | - Matthew J Dean
- Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Augusto C Ochoa
- Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
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Liu J, Toy R, Vantucci C, Pradhan P, Zhang Z, Kuo KM, Kubelick KP, Huo D, Wen J, Kim J, Lyu Z, Dhal S, Atalis A, Ghosh-Choudhary SK, Devereaux EJ, Gumbart JC, Xia Y, Emelianov SY, Willett NJ, Roy K. Bifunctional Janus Particles as Multivalent Synthetic Nanoparticle Antibodies (SNAbs) for Selective Depletion of Target Cells. NANO LETTERS 2021; 21:875-886. [PMID: 33395313 PMCID: PMC8176937 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.0c04833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Monoclonal antibodies (mAb) have had a transformative impact on treating cancers and immune disorders. However, their use is limited by high development time and monetary cost, manufacturing complexities, suboptimal pharmacokinetics, and availability of disease-specific targets. To address some of these challenges, we developed an entirely synthetic, multivalent, Janus nanotherapeutic platform, called Synthetic Nanoparticle Antibodies (SNAbs). SNAbs, with phage-display-identified cell-targeting ligands on one "face" and Fc-mimicking ligands on the opposite "face", were synthesized using a custom, multistep, solid-phase chemistry method. SNAbs efficiently targeted and depleted myeloid-derived immune-suppressor cells (MDSCs) from mouse-tumor and rat-trauma models, ex vivo. Systemic injection of MDSC-targeting SNAbs efficiently depleted circulating MDSCs in a mouse triple-negative breast cancer model, enabling enhanced T cell and Natural Killer cell infiltration into tumors. Our results demonstrate that SNAbs are a versatile and effective functional alternative to mAbs, with advantages of a plug-and-play, cell-free manufacturing process, and high-throughput screening (HTS)-enabled library of potential targeting ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Jianguo Wen
- Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60517, United States
| | | | | | | | | | - Shohini K Ghosh-Choudhary
- School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, 3550 Terrace St., Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Emily J Devereaux
- Orthopaedics Department, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
- Research Service, Atlanta VA Medical Center, Decatur, Georgia 30033, United States
| | | | | | | | - Nick J Willett
- Orthopaedics Department, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
- Research Service, Atlanta VA Medical Center, Decatur, Georgia 30033, United States
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Tsujimoto H, Kobayashi M, Sugasawa H, Ono S, Kishi Y, Ueno H. Potential mechanisms of tumor progression associated with postoperative infectious complications. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2021; 40:285-296. [PMID: 33389285 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-020-09945-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
There is increasing evidence that postoperative infectious complications (PICs) are associated with poor prognosis after potentially curative surgery. However, the role that PICs play in tumor development remains unclear. In this article, we reviewed the literature for novel insights on the mechanisms of cancer progression associated with PICs. The Medline and EMBASE databases were searched for publications regarding the role of suppression of antitumor immunity by PIC in tumor progression and selected 916 manuscripts were selected for this review. In addition, a summary of the authors' own experimental data from this field was set in the context of current knowledge regarding cancer progression under septic conditions. Initially, sepsis/microbial infection dramatically activates the systemic immune system with increases in pro-inflammatory mediators, which results in the development of systemic inflammatory response syndrome; however, when sepsis persists in septic patients, a shift toward an anti-inflammatory immunosuppressive state, characterized by macrophage deactivation, reduced antigen presentation, T cell anergy, and a shift in the T helper cell pattern to a predominantly TH2-type response, occurs. Thus, various cytokine reactions and the immune status dynamically change during microbial infection, including PIC. We proposed three possible mechanisms for the tumor progression associated with PIC: first, a mechanism in which microbes and/or microbial PAMPs may be directly involved in cancer growth; second, a mechanism in which factors released from immunocompetent cells during infections may affect tumor progression; and third, a mechanism in which factors suppress host tumor immunity during infections, which may result in tumor progression. A more detailed understanding by surgeons of the immunological features in cancer patients with PIC can subsequently open new avenues for improving unfavorable long-term oncological outcomes associated with PICs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hironori Tsujimoto
- Department of Surgery, National Defense Medical College, 3-2 Namiki, Tokorozawa, 359-8513, Japan.
| | - Minako Kobayashi
- Department of Surgery, National Defense Medical College, 3-2 Namiki, Tokorozawa, 359-8513, Japan
| | - Hidekazu Sugasawa
- Department of Surgery, National Defense Medical College, 3-2 Namiki, Tokorozawa, 359-8513, Japan
| | - Satoshi Ono
- Department of Surgery, National Defense Medical College, 3-2 Namiki, Tokorozawa, 359-8513, Japan
| | - Yoji Kishi
- Department of Surgery, National Defense Medical College, 3-2 Namiki, Tokorozawa, 359-8513, Japan
| | - Hideki Ueno
- Department of Surgery, National Defense Medical College, 3-2 Namiki, Tokorozawa, 359-8513, Japan
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Dietz S, Schwarz J, Rühle J, Schaller M, Fehrenbacher B, Marmé A, Schmid E, Peter A, Poets CF, Gille C, Köstlin-Gille N. Extracellular vesicles released by myeloid-derived suppressor cells from pregnant women modulate adaptive immune responses. Cell Immunol 2020; 361:104276. [PMID: 33517124 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2020.104276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Immunological pregnancy complications are a main challenge in reproductive medicine. Mechanisms regulating the adaptation of the maternal immune system to pregnancy are incompletely understood and therapeutic options limited. Myeloid derived suppressor cells (MDSC) are immune-modulatory cells expanding during healthy pregnancy and seem to play a crucial role for maternal-fetal tolerance. Recent studies showed that exosomes produced by MDSC have immune-modulatory effects corresponding to their parental cells under different pathological conditions. Here, we investigated immunological effects of exosomes of GR-MDSC during pregnancy. Isolated GR-MDSC exosomes from peripheral blood of pregnant women were tested for functionality in different in vitro assays. We show that GR-MDSC exosomes exhibited profound immune-modulatory effects such as suppression of T-cell proliferation, T helper 2 (Th2)-cell polarization, induction of regulatory T-cells and inhibition of lymphocyte cytotoxicity. Our results confirm that MDSC-derived exosomes functionally correspond to their parental cells and identify them as an interesting therapeutic target for immunological pregnancy complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie Dietz
- Tuebingen University Children's Hospital, Department of Neonatology, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Julian Schwarz
- Tuebingen University Children's Hospital, Department of Neonatology, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Jessica Rühle
- Tuebingen University Children's Hospital, Department of Neonatology, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Martin Schaller
- Department of Dermatology, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | | | | | - Evi Schmid
- Department of Pediatric Surgery & Pediatric Urology, University of Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Andreas Peter
- German Centre for Diabetes Research (DZD), Tuebingen, Germany; Institute for Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases of the Helmholtz Centre Munich at the University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany; Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, Department for Diagnostic Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Tübingen, Germany
| | - Christian F Poets
- Tuebingen University Children's Hospital, Department of Neonatology, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Christian Gille
- Tuebingen University Children's Hospital, Department of Neonatology, Tuebingen, Germany.
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Achmus L, Ruhnau J, Grothe S, von Sarnowski B, Bröker BM, Dressel A, Schulze J, Vogelgesang A. Stroke-Induced Modulation of Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells (MDSCs) and IL-10-Producing Regulatory Monocytes. Front Neurol 2020; 11:577971. [PMID: 33329318 PMCID: PMC7732608 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2020.577971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Stroke patients are at risk of acquiring secondary infections due to stroke-induced immune suppression (SIIS). Immunosuppressive cells comprise myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) and immunosuppressive interleukin 10 (IL-10)-producing monocytes. MDSCs represent a small but heterogeneous population of monocytic, polymorphonuclear (or granulocytic), and early progenitor cells (“early” MDSC), which can expand extensively in pathophysiological conditions. MDSCs have been shown to exert strong immune-suppressive effects. The role of IL-10-producing immunosuppressive monocytes after stroke has not been investigated, but monocytes are impaired in oxidative burst and downregulate human leukocyte antigen—DR isotype (HLA-DR) on the cell surface. Objectives: The objective of this work was to investigate the regulation and function of MDSCs as well as the immunosuppressive IL-10-producing monocytes in experimental and human stroke. Methods: This longitudinal, monocentric, non-interventional prospective explorative study used multicolor flow cytometry to identify MDSC subpopulations and IL-10 expression in monocytes in the peripheral blood of 19 healthy controls and 27 patients on days 1, 3, and 5 post-stroke. Quantification of intracellular STAT3p and Arginase-1 by geometric mean fluorescence intensity was used to assess the functionality of MDSCs. In experimental stroke induced by electrocoagulation in middle-aged mice, monocytic (CD11b+Ly6G−Ly6Chigh) and polymorphonuclear (CD11b+Ly6G+Ly6Clow) MDSCs in the spleen were analyzed by flow cytometry. Results: Compared to the controls, stroke patients showed a relative increase in monocytic MDSCs (percentage of CD11b+ cells) in whole blood without evidence for an altered function. The other MDSC subgroups did not differ from the control. Also, in experimental stroke, monocytic, and in addition, polymorphonuclear MDSCs were increased. The numbers of IL-10-positive monocytes did not differ between the patients and controls. However, we provide a new insight into monocytic function post-stroke since we can report that a differential regulation of HLA-DR and PD-L1 was found depending on the IL-10 production of monocytes. IL-10-positive monocytes are more activated post-stroke, as indicated by their increased HLA-DR expression. Conclusions: MDSC and IL-10+ monocytes can induce immunosuppression within days after stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lennart Achmus
- Department of Neurology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Johanna Ruhnau
- Department of Neurology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Sascha Grothe
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | | | - Barbara M Bröker
- Department of Immunology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Alexander Dressel
- Department of Neurology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.,Department of Neurology, Carl-Thiem Klinikum, Cottbus, Germany
| | - Juliane Schulze
- Department of Neurology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Antje Vogelgesang
- Department of Neurology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
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Grohová A, Dáňová K, Adkins I, Šumník Z, Petruželková L, Obermannová B, Koloušková S, Špíšek R, Palová-Jelínková L. Myeloid - derived suppressor cells in Type 1 diabetes are an expanded population exhibiting diverse T-cell suppressor mechanisms. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0242092. [PMID: 33206686 PMCID: PMC7673497 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0242092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) represent a heterogeneous group of immature myeloid cells with immunoregulatory function in cancer and autoimmune diseases. In humans, two subsets of MDSC were determined based on the characteristic surface markers, monocytic MDSC (M-MDSC) and granulocytic MDSC (G-MDSC). Expansion of MDSC has been reported in some murine models and patients with autoimmune diseases and their immune-suppressive properties were characterized. However, the exact role of MDSC in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases is more complex and/or controversial. In type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D), the increased frequency of MDSC was found in the blood of T1D patients but their suppressor capacity was diminished. In our study, we assessed the role of M-MDSC in the pathogenesis of T1D and showed for the first time the increased frequency of M-MDSC not only in the blood of T1D patients but also in their at-risk relatives compared to healthy donors. T1D patients with inadequate long term metabolic control showed an elevation of M-MDSC compared to patients with better disease control. Furthermore, we described the positive correlation between the percentage of M-MDSC and Th17 cells and IFN-γ producing T cells in T1D patients and their at-risk relatives. Finally, we found that the ability of M-MDSC to suppress autologous T cells is efficient only at the high MDSC: T cells ratio and dependent on cell-cell-contact and TGF-β production. Our data show that the engagement of MDSC in the pathogenesis of T1D is evident, yet not entirely explored and more experiments are required to clarify whether MDSC are beneficial or harmful in T1D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Grohová
- Department of Immunology, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Klára Dáňová
- Department of Immunology, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic.,SOTIO a.s., Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Irena Adkins
- Department of Immunology, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic.,SOTIO a.s., Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Zdeněk Šumník
- Department of Pediatrics, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Lenka Petruželková
- Department of Pediatrics, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Barbora Obermannová
- Department of Pediatrics, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Stanislava Koloušková
- Department of Pediatrics, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Radek Špíšek
- Department of Immunology, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic.,SOTIO a.s., Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Lenka Palová-Jelínková
- Department of Immunology, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic.,SOTIO a.s., Prague, Czech Republic
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The Anti-Inflammatory Role of Bilirubin on "Two-Hit" Sepsis Animal Model. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21228650. [PMID: 33212789 PMCID: PMC7697656 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21228650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Bilirubin is a product of the heme catabolism pathway, and it is excreted in bile and removed from the body through the urine. Bilirubin has potent antioxidant properties but also plays a role in anti-inflammation by protecting the body against endotoxin-induced lung inflammation, down-regulating the expression of adhesion molecules, and inhibiting the infiltration of inflammatory cells. Thus, bilirubin is a promising agent that could use in inflammation disease treatment. The application of bilirubin on the “two-hit” sepsis animal model has been, to date, unknown. Methods: we used lipopolysaccharide to induce initial insults in C57BL/6 mice. After 24 h, mice underwent cecal ligation and puncture to induce the “two-hit” sepsis model. Next, mice were administered 30 mg/kg bilirubin and we observed an improvement. Results: We observed that bilirubin inhibited the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, while the levels of anti-inflammatory cytokines were significantly augmented in the lung. Bilirubin improved the survival rate in the sepsis model. Furthermore, we suggest that bilirubin can modulate the accumulation of T-regulatory cells and myeloid-derived suppressor cells. Notably, bilirubin suppressed the activation and functions of T-cells. Conclusions: These results clarified that bilirubin might improve tissue injury in sepsis through anti-inflammatory mechanisms.
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Fu C, Xu Q, Tang S, Cao Y, Liu C, Wang Y, Qian Y, Shi F, Gui J, Fan Q, Ling Y. The mobilization of splenic reservoir myeloid-derived suppressor cells in sepsis-induced myocardial injury. Am J Transl Res 2020; 12:7114-7126. [PMID: 33312354 PMCID: PMC7724347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) play key roles in sepsis, but whether the bone marrow is considered the only source remains unclear. The current knowledge about the mechanism of MDSCs leading to myocardial injury in sepsis is poor. METHODS In sepsis patients with cardiac dysfunction, the circulating percentage of CD14-CD11b+ and serum concentrations of IL-6 and IL-1β were measured. A mouse sepsis model was established through caecum ligation and puncture (CLP). Animals were divided into four groups: control, sham, CLP and CLP+splenectomy (CLPS). Serum concentrations of IL-6, IL-1β, TnI and NT-proBNP were measured. CD11b+Gr-1+ cells were detected by immunofluorescence staining and RT-PCR. Myocardial injury was detected by HE, Masson and TUNEL staining. The expression of mTOR, P53 and caspase-3 was measured by Western blot. RESULTS In sepsis patients, circulating MDSCs were increased, and the serum concentrations of IL-6 and IL-1β were elevated. The serum concentrations of IL-6 and IL-1β were correlated with the ratio of circulating MDSCs. In the mouse sepsis model, the spleen was the major source of CD11b+Gr-1+ cells that migrated into circulation and the heart in sepsis. The serum concentrations of IL-6 and IL-1β were also elevated. Echocardiography and serum biomarkers showed that cardiomyocyte damage and cardiac hypofunction in sepsis-induced myocardial injury. The expression of CD11b, Gr-1 and pro-inflammatory cytokines in the heart was significantly higher in sepsis patients than that in controls. Pathological staining and TUNEL staining showed obvious myocardial damage and cell apoptosis. The Western blot analysis indicated that in the heart, the activation of mTOR was inhibited and that the expression of P53 and caspase-3 was elevated in sepsis-induced myocardial injury. CONCLUSION In sepsis-induced myocardial injury, splenic reservoir CD11b+Gr-1+ cells rapidly migrated into circulation and the heart, further impairing heart function via the high expression of P53 through the inhibition of mTOR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Fu
- Department of Cardiology, Yi Ji Shan Hospital Affiliated to Wan Nan Medical CollegeWuhu, Anhui, China
| | - Qiancheng Xu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Yi Ji Shan Hospital Affiliated to Wan Nan Medical CollegeWuhu, Anhui, China
| | - Shengxing Tang
- Department of Cardiology, Yi Ji Shan Hospital Affiliated to Wan Nan Medical CollegeWuhu, Anhui, China
| | - Yuhan Cao
- Department of Nephrology, Yi Ji Shan Hospital Affiliated to Wan Nan Medical CollegeWuhu, Anhui, China
| | - Can Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Yi Ji Shan Hospital Affiliated to Wan Nan Medical CollegeWuhu, Anhui, China
| | - Yihua Wang
- Department of Emergency Intensive Care Unit, Yi Ji Shan Hospital Affiliated to Wan Nan Medical CollegeWuhu, Anhui, China
| | - Yan Qian
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Second People’s Hospital of WuhuWuhu, Anhui, China
| | - Fei Shi
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Wuhu Hospital for Traditional Chinese MedicineWuhu, Anhui, China
| | - Jingmin Gui
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First People’s Hospital of WuhuWuhu, Anhui, China
| | - Qun Fan
- Department of Cardiology, Yi Ji Shan Hospital Affiliated to Wan Nan Medical CollegeWuhu, Anhui, China
| | - Yang Ling
- Department of Cardiology, Yi Ji Shan Hospital Affiliated to Wan Nan Medical CollegeWuhu, Anhui, China
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Increased immunosuppression impairs tissue homeostasis with aging and age-related diseases. J Mol Med (Berl) 2020; 99:1-20. [PMID: 33025106 PMCID: PMC7782450 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-020-01988-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Abstract Chronic low-grade inflammation is a common hallmark of the aging process and many age-related diseases. There is substantial evidence that persistent inflammation is associated with a compensatory anti-inflammatory response which prevents excessive tissue damage. Interestingly, the inflammatory state encountered with aging, called inflammaging, is associated with the anti-inflammaging process. The age-related activation of immunosuppressive network includes an increase in the numbers of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC), regulatory T cells (Treg), and macrophages (Mreg/M2c). Immunosuppressive cells secrete several anti-inflammatory cytokines, e.g., TGF-β and IL-10, as well as reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS/RNS). Moreover, immunosuppressive cells suppress the function of effector immune cells by catabolizing l-arginine and tryptophan through the activation of arginase 1 (ARG1) and indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO), respectively. Unfortunately, the immunosuppressive armament also induces harmful bystander effects in neighboring cells by impairing host tissue homeostasis. For instance, TGF-β signaling can trigger many age-related degenerative changes, e.g., cellular senescence, fibrosis, osteoporosis, muscle atrophy, and the degeneration of the extracellular matrix. In addition, changes in the levels of ROS, RNS, and the metabolites of the kynurenine pathway can impair tissue homeostasis. This review will examine in detail the harmful effects of the immunosuppressive cells on host tissues. It seems that this age-related immunosuppression prevents inflammatory damage but promotes the tissue degeneration associated with aging and age-related diseases. Key messages • Low-grade inflammation is associated with the aging process and age-related diseases. • Persistent inflammation activates compensatory immunosuppression with aging. • The numbers of immunosuppressive cells increase with aging and age-related diseases. • Immunosuppressive mechanisms evoke harmful bystander effects in host tissues. • Immunosuppression promotes tissue degeneration with aging and age-related diseases.
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50
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Alkhateeb T, Bah I, Kumbhare A, Youssef D, Yao ZQ, McCall CE, Gazzar ME. Long Non-Coding RNA Hotairm1 Promotes S100A9 Support of MDSC Expansion during Sepsis. JOURNAL OF CLINICAL & CELLULAR IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 11:600. [PMID: 33335790 PMCID: PMC7744002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) expand during mouse and human sepsis, but the mechanism responsible for this is unclear. We previously reported that nuclear transport of S100A9 protein programs Gr1+CD11b+ myeloid precursors into MDSCs in septic mice. Here, we show that long non-coding RNA Hotairm1 converts MDSCs from an activator to a repressor state. Mechanistically, increased Hotairm1 expression in MDSCs in mice converted S100A9 from a secreted proinflammatory mediator to an immune repressor by binding to and shuttling it from cytosol to nucleus during late sepsis. High Hotairm1 levels were detected in exosomes shed from MDSCs from late septic mice. These exosomes inhibited lipopolysaccharide-stimulated secretion of S100A9 from early sepsis Gr1+CD11b+ cells. Importantly, Hotairm1 knockdown in late sepsis Gr1+CD11b+ MDSCs prevented S100A9 cytosol to nuclear transfer and decreased repression of proimmune T cells. Notably, ectopic expression of Hotairm1 in early sepsis Gr1+CD11b+ cells shuttled S100A9 to the nucleus and promoted the MDSC repressor phenotype. In support of translating the mechanistic concept to human sepsis, we found that Hotairm1 binds S100A9 protein in CD33+CD11b+HLA-DR- MDSCs during established sepsis. Together, these data support that Hotairm1 is a plausible molecular target for treating late sepsis immune suppression in humans and its immune repressor mechanism may be cell autonomous.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuqa Alkhateeb
- Department of Internal Medicine, East Tennessee State University College of Medicine, Johnson City, TN 37614, USA
| | - Isatou Bah
- Department of Internal Medicine, East Tennessee State University College of Medicine, Johnson City, TN 37614, USA
| | - Ajinkya Kumbhare
- Department of Internal Medicine, East Tennessee State University College of Medicine, Johnson City, TN 37614, USA
| | - Dima Youssef
- Department of Internal Medicine, East Tennessee State University College of Medicine, Johnson City, TN 37614, USA
| | - Zhi Q Yao
- Department of Internal Medicine, East Tennessee State University College of Medicine, Johnson City, TN 37614, USA
| | - Charles E McCall
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - Mohamed El Gazzar
- Department of Internal Medicine, East Tennessee State University College of Medicine, Johnson City, TN 37614, USA
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