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Auvray C, Perez-Martin S, Schuffenecker I, Pitoiset C, Tarris G, Ambert-Balay K, Martin L, Dullier-Taillefumier N, Bour JB, Manoha C. Sudden Infant Death Associated with Rhinovirus Infection. Viruses 2024; 16:518. [PMID: 38675861 PMCID: PMC11054477 DOI: 10.3390/v16040518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
A less than one-month-old infant with symptoms of rhinitis died unexpectedly in his sleep. He was not born prematurely and had no known underlying disease. Cerebrospinal fluid, nasopharyngeal and lung samples, and rectal swab were found to be positive for subgroup A rhinovirus, while the blood was negative. This case highlights the important finding that the rhinovirus, a common pathogen associated with upper respiratory tract infections, can sometimes, as the only pathogen, lead to complications such as a cerebrospinal infection and be involved in the sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). Vigilance is necessary in case of viral infections in the infant's environment, and measures of hygiene and protection must be encouraged in order to reduce the risk of the SIDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christelle Auvray
- Department of Microbiology, Virology Laboratory, Dijon University Hospital, 21070 Dijon, France; (C.A.); (C.P.)
| | | | - Isabelle Schuffenecker
- French National Enterovirus/Parechovirus Reference Centre, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69317 Lyon, France;
| | - Cécile Pitoiset
- Department of Microbiology, Virology Laboratory, Dijon University Hospital, 21070 Dijon, France; (C.A.); (C.P.)
| | - Georges Tarris
- Department of Pathology, Dijon University Hospital, 21070 Dijon, France; (G.T.); (L.M.); (N.D.-T.)
| | - Katia Ambert-Balay
- French National Reference Centre for Gastroenteritis Viruses, Virology Laboratory, University Hospital of Dijon, 21070 Dijon, France;
| | - Laurent Martin
- Department of Pathology, Dijon University Hospital, 21070 Dijon, France; (G.T.); (L.M.); (N.D.-T.)
| | | | - Jean-Baptiste Bour
- Department of Microbiology, Virology Laboratory, Dijon University Hospital, 21070 Dijon, France; (C.A.); (C.P.)
| | - Catherine Manoha
- Department of Microbiology, Virology Laboratory, Dijon University Hospital, 21070 Dijon, France; (C.A.); (C.P.)
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Tang J, Zhang X, Zhang J, Zhao Z, Ding Z. Environmental surveillance reveals co-circulation of distinctive lineages of enteroviruses in southwest China's border cities, 2020-2022. J Appl Microbiol 2024; 135:lxae060. [PMID: 38471668 DOI: 10.1093/jambio/lxae060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
AIMS Enteroviruses are significant human pathogens associated with a range of mild to severe diseases. This study aims to understand the diversity and genetic characterization of enteroviruses circulated in southwest China's border cities by using environmental surveillance. METHODS AND RESULTS A total of 96 sewage samples were collected in three border cities and a port located in Yunnan Province, China from July 2020 to June 2022. After cell culture and VP1 sequencing, a total of 590 enterovirus isolates were identified, belonging to 21 types. All PV strains were Sabin-like with ≤6 nucleotide mutations in the VP1 coding region. Echovirus 6, echovirus 21 (a rare serotype in previous studies), and coxsackievirus B5 were the predominant serotypes, which accounted for 21.19%, 18.31%, and 13.39% of the total isolates, respectively. The prevalence of the common serotypes varied across different border cities and periods. Phylogenetic analysis revealed the presence of multiple evolutionary lineages for E21, E6, and E30, some of which formed distinct branches. CONCLUSIONS High diversity of enteroviruses and distinct lineages of predominant serotypes circulated in southwest China's border cities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Tang
- Yunnan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No. 158 Dongsi Road, Kunming 650022, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaodie Zhang
- Kunming Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No. 4 Ziyun Road, Kunming 650228, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Yunnan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No. 158 Dongsi Road, Kunming 650022, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhixian Zhao
- Yunnan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No. 158 Dongsi Road, Kunming 650022, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhengrong Ding
- Yunnan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No. 158 Dongsi Road, Kunming 650022, People's Republic of China
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Gong YN, Yang SL, Chen YC, Liu YC, Huang YC, Tsao KC. Novel intertypic recombination of Echovirus 11 in the Enterovirus species B. J Med Virol 2024; 96:e29323. [PMID: 38164047 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.29323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Enteroviruses (EVs), single-stranded, positive-sense RNA viruses, can be classified into four species (A-D), which have previously been linked to a diverse range of disease manifestations and infections affecting the central nervous system. In the Enterovirus species B (EV-B), Echovirus type 11 (E11) has been observed to occasionally circulate in Taiwan, which was responsible for an epidemic of enterovirus infections in 2018. Here, 48 clinical specimens isolated in 2003, 2004, 2009, and 2018 were collected for the high-throughput sequencing. Notably, we identified 2018 Taiwanese strains having potential recombinations in the 3D gene, as well as one 2003 strain having a double recombination with E6 and Coxsackievirus B5 in the P2 and P3 regions, respectively. Additionally, one amino acid signature mutated from the Histidine (H) in throat swab specimens to the Tyrosine (Y) in cerebral spinal fluid specimens was detected at position 1496 (or 57) of the genomic coordinate (or 3A gene) to further demonstrate intra-host evolution in different organs. In conclusion, this study identifies potential intertypic recombination events and an intra-host signature mutation in E11 strains, isolated during a 2018 neurological disease outbreak in Taiwan, contributing to our understanding of its evolution and pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Nong Gong
- Research Center for Emerging Viral Infections, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- International Master Degree Program for Molecular Medicine in Emerging Viral Infections, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Li Yang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ching Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chun Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yhu-Chering Huang
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Chien Tsao
- Research Center for Emerging Viral Infections, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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Moliner-Calderón E, Rabella-Garcia N, Turón-Viñas E, Ginovart-Galiana G, Figueras-Aloy J. Relevance of enteroviruses in neonatal meningitis. ENFERMEDADES INFECCIOSAS Y MICROBIOLOGIA CLINICA (ENGLISH ED.) 2024; 42:17-23. [PMID: 36624031 DOI: 10.1016/j.eimce.2022.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Enterovirus (EV) infections are the most frequent infections in the neonatal period and in many cases lead to hospital admission of the newborn (NB). The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of EV in the etiology of neonatal meningitis and to define the clinical characteristics of newborns with EV meningitis. MATERIAL AND METHOD Retrospective observational cohort study. Including 91 NBs with meningitis and gestational age greater than 34 weeks gestational age (GA) attended in our center over a period of 16 years. RESULTS The percentage of NBs with EV meningitis was higher than that of NBs with bacterial meningitis (BM) and accounted for 78% (n=71). Half of the NBs with EV infection had a history of epidemic environment among their caregivers. Fever was present in 96% of cases as a clinical sign and, in general, sensory disturbances represented the main neurological alterations. Antibiotics (ATB) were given to 71.4% of patients with EV infection. Detection of EV in CSF samples showed a high sensitivity for the diagnosis of EV meningitis. The most frequently implicated EV types were echovirus 11, coxsackievirus B5, echovirus 18, 25 and 7. CONCLUSIONS The results of this series show that enterovirus infection is a common cause of neonatal meningitis. These data underline the importance of rapid EV testing of infants with suspected meningitis. This allows early diagnosis and reduces antibiotic treatment, hospitalization time and related costs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisenda Moliner-Calderón
- Unidad de Neonatología, Pediatría, IIB SANT PAU, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Núria Rabella-Garcia
- Sección de Virología, Microbiología, IIB SANT PAU, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eulalia Turón-Viñas
- Unidad de Neonatología, Pediatría, IIB SANT PAU, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Josep Figueras-Aloy
- Unidad de Neonatología, ICGON, Hospital Clínic, BCNatal, Associació Sanitària Hospital Clínic-Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
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Li W, Song J, Xu J, Wang H, Duan H, Zhang Y, Xu W, Fan H, Zhang Y. Phylogenetic characteristics and recombination analysis of echovirus 5 associated with severe acute respiratory infection in China. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0171123. [PMID: 37819138 PMCID: PMC10714939 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.01711-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE This study is the first report of echovirus 5 (E5) associated with severe acute respiratory infection and obtained the first E5 whole-genome sequence in China. Combined with the sequences available in the GenBank database, the first genotyping, phylogenetic characteristics, recombination, and genetic evolutionary analysis of E5 was performed in this study. Our findings providing valuable information on global E5 molecular epidemiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxia Li
- National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
- School of Public Health, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Jinhua Song
- National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Jin Xu
- Institute of Expanded Immunization Programme, Henan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Huiling Wang
- National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Hongjian Duan
- School of Public Health, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Wenbo Xu
- National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Hua Fan
- School of Public Health, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
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Ibrahim C, Hammami S, Khelifi N, Hassen A. Detection of Enteroviruses and SARS-CoV-2 in Tunisian Wastewater. FOOD AND ENVIRONMENTAL VIROLOGY 2023; 15:224-235. [PMID: 37140767 PMCID: PMC10157586 DOI: 10.1007/s12560-023-09557-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Monitoring the circulation of enteric viruses in environmental wastewater is a valuable tool for preventing the emergence of waterborne and food-borne diseases in humans. The detection of viruses was performed in five Tunisian wastewater treatment plants, three located in the Grand Tunis City (WWTP 1, WWTP 2, WWTP 3) and two in the Sahel of Tunisia (WWTP 4, WWTP 4), known as very developed and crowded zones, to assess the effectiveness of three biological wastewater treatment procedures namely natural oxidizing lagoons, rotating biodisks procedure, activated sludge procedure, and one tertiary sewage treatment using UV-C254 reactor for this enteric viruses' removal. Thus, 242 sewage samples were collected between June 2019 and May 2020 from different lines of wastewater treatment procedures implemented in the five wastewater treatment plants investigated. SARS-CoV-2 was analyzed using real-time multiplex reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (multiplex real-time RT-PCR) and enteroviruses using reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The enteroviruses detection showed 93% and 73% respective high frequencies only in the two WWTPs of the Grand Tunis (WWTP 1 and WWTP 2). SARS-CoV-2 was detected in 58% of the all wastewater samples collected from the five studied WWTPs with a respective dominance of N gene (47%), S gene (42%), RdRp gene (42%) and at last E gene (20%). These enteroviruses and SARS-CoV-2 detection were revealed in all steps of the wastewater treatment procedures, so poor virological quality is found at the exit of each biological and tertiary step of treatment investigated. For the first time in Tunisia, these results highlighted the enterovirus and SARS-CoV-2 detection with high rates, and the ineffectiveness of the biological and UV-C254 treatment implemented to remove these viruses. The preliminary results of SARS-CoV-2 circulation in Tunisian wastewater confirmed the wide positivity rate underlined by other works worldwide and allowed showing a move towards integrating wastewater as a way for this virus to spread in different areas and environments. So, this last result about SARS-CoV-2 circulation allowed us to caution about the strong probability of diffusion of this hazardous virus through water and sewage; despite its enveloped character and nature, as a labile and sensitive virus in these environments. Thus, establishing a national surveillance strategy is needed to improve the sanitary quality of treated wastewater and prevent public health problems related to these viruses in treated wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chourouk Ibrahim
- Center of Research and Water Technologies (CERTE), Laboratory of Treatment and Valorization of Water Rejects (LTVRH), Techno Park of Borj-Cédria, 8020 Tunis, Tunisia
- Faculty of Mathematical, Physical and Natural Sciences of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, 2092 Tunis, Tunisia
- Microbiology Laboratory, Beja University Hospital, Beja, Tunisia
| | - Salah Hammami
- National School of Veterinary Medicine at Sidi Thabet, IRESA, University of Manouba, 2020 Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Nesserine Khelifi
- Center of Research and Water Technologies (CERTE), Laboratory of Treatment and Valorization of Water Rejects (LTVRH), Techno Park of Borj-Cédria, 8020 Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Abdennaceur Hassen
- Center of Research and Water Technologies (CERTE), Laboratory of Treatment and Valorization of Water Rejects (LTVRH), Techno Park of Borj-Cédria, 8020 Tunis, Tunisia
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7
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Relevancia de los enterovirus en la meningitis neonatal. Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eimc.2022.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Othman I, Slama I, Mastouri M, Bailly JL, Aouni M. First detection and characterization of EV-A71 and a new genogroup of CVA-24 causing neurological disease in Tunisia. Future Virol 2022. [DOI: 10.2217/fvl-2021-0284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Aim: Molecular characterization of enterovirus A71 (EV-A71) and coxsackievirus A24 (CVA-24) strains isolated during neurological diseases surveillance activities in Tunisian patients. Materials & methods: Specimens were obtained from two Tunisian children and analyzed for enterovirus with quantitative reverse transcription PCR (RT-qPCR). We sequenced the whole genome of strains detected. Results: The EV-A71 sequence reported was assigned to subgenogroup C2 with a high nucleotide sequence identity to other EV-A71 C2 detected in other countries, which suggests virus migration. Interestingly, in the VP1 coding region, the Tunisian CV-A24 strain displayed high sequence divergence from other CV-A24, which confirms that it represents a new genogroup. Conclusion: This is the first report of EV-A71 in Tunisia and the first report of a CV-A24 strain causing aseptic meningitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ines Othman
- Faculty of Pharmacy, LR99-ES27, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Ichrak Slama
- Faculty of Pharmacy, LR99-ES27, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Maha Mastouri
- Faculty of Pharmacy, LR99-ES27, Monastir, Tunisia
- Fattouma Bourguiba University Hospital, Laboratory of Microbiology, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Jean-Luc Bailly
- Université Clermont Auvergne, Faculty of Pharmacy, LMGE CNRS 6023, Clermont-Ferrand, 63001, France
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Tomba Ngangas S, Bisseux M, Jugie G, Lambert C, Cohen R, Werner A, Archimbaud C, Henquell C, Mirand A, Bailly JL. Coxsackievirus A6 Recombinant Subclades D3/A and D3/H Were Predominant in Hand-Foot-And-Mouth Disease Outbreaks in the Paediatric Population, France, 2010–2018. Viruses 2022; 14:v14051078. [PMID: 35632819 PMCID: PMC9144281 DOI: 10.3390/v14051078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Coxsackievirus A6 (CVA6) emerged as the most common enterovirus of seasonal outbreaks of hand-foot-and-mouth disease (HFMD). We investigated CVA6 genetic diversity among the clinical phenotypes reported in the paediatric population during sentinel surveillance in France between 2010 and 2018. CVA6 infection was confirmed in 981 children (mean age 1.52 years [IQR 1.17–2.72]) of whom 564 (58%) were males. Atypical HFMD was reported in 705 (72%) children, followed by typical HFMD in 214 (22%) and herpangina in 57 (6%) children. Throat specimens of 245 children were processed with a target-enrichment new-generation sequencing approach, which generated 213 complete CVA6 genomes. The genomes grouped within the D1 and D3 clades (phylogeny inferred with the P1 genomic region). In total, 201 genomes were classified among the recombinant forms (RFs) A, B, F, G, H, and N, and 12 genomes were assigned to 5 previously unreported RFs (R–V). The most frequent RFs were A (58%), H (19%), G (6.1%), and F (5.2%). The yearly number of RFs ranged between 1 (in 2012 and 2013) and 6 (2018). The worldwide CVA6 epidemic transmission began between 2005 and 2007, which coincided with the global spread of the recombinant subclade D3/RF-A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphanie Tomba Ngangas
- Université Clermont Auvergne, LMGE CNRS 6023, UFR de Médecine et des Professions Paramédicales, 63001 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (S.T.N.); (M.B.); (G.J.); (C.A.); (C.H.); (A.M.)
| | - Maxime Bisseux
- Université Clermont Auvergne, LMGE CNRS 6023, UFR de Médecine et des Professions Paramédicales, 63001 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (S.T.N.); (M.B.); (G.J.); (C.A.); (C.H.); (A.M.)
- CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Centre National de Référence Des Entérovirus et Parechovirus, Laboratoire de Virologie, 63003 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Gwendoline Jugie
- Université Clermont Auvergne, LMGE CNRS 6023, UFR de Médecine et des Professions Paramédicales, 63001 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (S.T.N.); (M.B.); (G.J.); (C.A.); (C.H.); (A.M.)
| | - Céline Lambert
- CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Service Biométrie et Médico-Economie—Direction de la Recherche Clinique et Innovation, 63003 Clermont-Ferrand, France;
| | - Robert Cohen
- Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val de Marne (ACTIV), 94000 Créteil, France;
| | - Andreas Werner
- Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire (AFPA), 45000 Orléans, France;
| | - Christine Archimbaud
- Université Clermont Auvergne, LMGE CNRS 6023, UFR de Médecine et des Professions Paramédicales, 63001 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (S.T.N.); (M.B.); (G.J.); (C.A.); (C.H.); (A.M.)
- CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Centre National de Référence Des Entérovirus et Parechovirus, Laboratoire de Virologie, 63003 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Cécile Henquell
- Université Clermont Auvergne, LMGE CNRS 6023, UFR de Médecine et des Professions Paramédicales, 63001 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (S.T.N.); (M.B.); (G.J.); (C.A.); (C.H.); (A.M.)
- CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Centre National de Référence Des Entérovirus et Parechovirus, Laboratoire de Virologie, 63003 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Audrey Mirand
- Université Clermont Auvergne, LMGE CNRS 6023, UFR de Médecine et des Professions Paramédicales, 63001 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (S.T.N.); (M.B.); (G.J.); (C.A.); (C.H.); (A.M.)
- CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Centre National de Référence Des Entérovirus et Parechovirus, Laboratoire de Virologie, 63003 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Jean-Luc Bailly
- Université Clermont Auvergne, LMGE CNRS 6023, UFR de Médecine et des Professions Paramédicales, 63001 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (S.T.N.); (M.B.); (G.J.); (C.A.); (C.H.); (A.M.)
- Correspondence:
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Yang Q, Yan D, Song Y, Zhu S, He Y, Han Z, Wang D, Ji T, Zhang Y, Xu W. Whole-genome analysis of coxsackievirus B3 reflects its genetic diversity in China and worldwide. Virol J 2022; 19:69. [PMID: 35436962 PMCID: PMC9014606 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-022-01796-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) has emerged as an active pathogen in myocarditis, aseptic meningitis, hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD), and pancreatitis, and is a heavy burden on public health. However, CVB3 has not been systematically analyzed with regard to whole-genome diversity and recombination. Therefore, this study was undertaken to systematically examine the genetic characteristics of CVB3 based on its whole genome.
Methods
We combined CVB3 isolates from our national HFMD surveillance and global sequences retrieved from GenBank. Phylogenetic analysis was performed to examine the whole genome variety and recombination forms of CVB3 in China and worldwide.
Results
Phylogenetic analysis showed that CVB3 strains isolated worldwide could be classified into clusters A–E based on the sequence of the entire VP1 region. The predominant CVB3 strains in China belonged to cluster D, whereas cluster E CVB3 might be circulated globally compared to other clusters. The average nucleotide substitution rate in the P1 region of CVB3 was 4.82 × 10–3 substitutions/site/year. Myocarditis was more common with cluster A. Clusters C and D presented more cases of acute flaccid paralysis, and cluster D may be more likely to cause HFMD. Multiple recombination events were detected among CVB3 variants, and there were twenty-three recombinant lineages of CVB3 circulating worldwide.
Conclusions
Overall, this study provides full-length genomic sequences of CVB3 isolates with a wide geographic distribution over a long-term time scale in China, which will be helpful for understanding the evolution of this pathogen. Simultaneously, continuous surveillance of CVB3 is indispensable to determine its genetic diversity in China as well as worldwide.
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Rmadi Y, Elargoubi A, González-Sanz R, Mastouri M, Cabrerizo M, Aouni M. Molecular characterization of enterovirus detected in cerebrospinal fluid and wastewater samples in Monastir, Tunisia, 2014-2017. Virol J 2022; 19:45. [PMID: 35303921 PMCID: PMC8932122 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-022-01770-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Enteroviruses (EVs) are considered the main causative agents responsible for aseptic meningitis worldwide. This study was conducted in the Monastir region of Tunisia in order to know the prevalence of EV infections in children with meningitis symptoms. Detected EV types were compared to those identified in wastewater samples.
Methods Two hundred CSF samples collected from hospitalized patients suspected of having aseptic meningitis for an EV infection between May 2014 and May 2017 and 80 wastewater samples collected in the same time-period were analyzed. EV detection and genotyping were performed using PCR methods followed by sequencing. Phylogenetic analyses in the 3′-VP1 region were also carried-out. Results EVs were detected in 12% (24/200) CSF and in 35% (28/80) wastewater samples. EV genotyping was reached in 50% (12/24) CSF-positive samples and in 64% (18/28) sewage. Most frequent types detected in CSF were CVB3, E-30 and E-9 (25% each). In wastewater samples, the same EVs were identified, but also other types non-detected in CSF samples, such as E-17,CVA9 and CVB1 from EV species B, and EV-A71 and CVA8 from EV-A, suggesting their likely lower pathogenicity. Phylogenetic analysis showed that within the same type, different strains circulate in Tunisia. For some of the EV types such as E-9, E-11 or CVB3, the same strains were detected in CSF and wastewater samples. Conclusions Epidemiological studies are important for the surveillance of the EV infections and to better understand the emergence of certain types and variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yosra Rmadi
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biological Agents, University of Monastir, LR99-ES27, 5000, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Aida Elargoubi
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Fattouma Bourguiba University Hospital, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Rubén González-Sanz
- Enterovirus and Viral Gastrointestinal Unit, National Centre for Microbiology, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Maha Mastouri
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biological Agents, University of Monastir, LR99-ES27, 5000, Monastir, Tunisia.,Laboratory of Microbiology, Fattouma Bourguiba University Hospital, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Maria Cabrerizo
- Enterovirus and Viral Gastrointestinal Unit, National Centre for Microbiology, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Mahjoub Aouni
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biological Agents, University of Monastir, LR99-ES27, 5000, Monastir, Tunisia
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12
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Singh S, Mane SS, Kasniya G, Cartaya S, Rahman MM, Maheshwari A, Motta M, Dudeja P. Enteroviral Infections in Infants. NEWBORN (CLARKSVILLE, MD.) 2022; 1:297-305. [PMID: 36304567 PMCID: PMC9599990 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-11002-0036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Enteroviruses (EVs) are major pathogens in young infants. These viruses were traditionally classified into the following four subgenera: polio, coxsackie A and B, and echoviruses. Now that poliomyelitis seems to be controlled in most parts of the world, coxsackie and echoviruses are gaining more attention because (i) the structural and pathophysiological similarities and (ii) the consequent possibilities in translational medicine. Enteroviruses are transmitted mainly by oral and fecal-oral routes; the clinical manifestations include a viral prodrome including fever, feeding intolerance, and lethargy, which may be followed by exanthema; aseptic meningitis and encephalitis; pleurodynia; myopericarditis; and multi-system organ failure. Laboratory diagnosis is largely based on reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction, cell culture, and serology. Prevention and treatment can be achieved using vaccination, and administration of immunoglobulins and antiviral drugs. In this article, we have reviewed the properties of these viruses, their clinical manifestations, and currently available methods of detection, treatment, and prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srijan Singh
- Department of Pediatrics, Grant Government Medical College and Sir JJ Group of Hospitals, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sushant Satish Mane
- Department of Pediatrics, Grant Government Medical College and Sir JJ Group of Hospitals, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Gangajal Kasniya
- Department of Pediatrics, Cohen Children’s Medical Center, New Hyde Park, New York, United States of America
| | - Sofia Cartaya
- Department of Pediatrics, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, United States of America
| | - Mohd Mujibur Rahman
- Department of Neonatology, Institute of Child and Mother Health, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Akhil Maheshwari
- Global Newborn Society, Clarksville, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Mario Motta
- Neonatologia e Terapia Intensiva Neonatale ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Italy
| | - Pradeep Dudeja
- Department of Gastroenterology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
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13
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Lee KY, Seol JH, Yi CH, Lee WH. Cerebrospinal fluid type I interferon and cytokine profiles in enteroviral meningitis according to the presence or absence of pleocytosis. Pediatr Neonatol 2021; 62:305-311. [PMID: 33707153 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedneo.2021.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Revised: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Enteroviral meningitis is typically diagnosed as the presence of pleocytosis and of viral RNA in cerebrospinal fluid. However, it was recently reported that more than 50% of infants with enteroviral meningitis diagnosed by polymerase chain reaction had no cerebrospinal fluid pleocytosis. This study investigated type I interferon (IFN) and cytokine profiles in the cerebrospinal fluid based on the presence or absence of cerebrospinal fluid pleocytosis in children with enteroviral meningitis. METHODS We included 51 enteroviral meningitis patients showing cerebrospinal fluid pleocytosis (pleocytosis group), 31 enteroviral meningitis patients without cerebrospinal fluid pleocytosis (non-pleocytosis group), and 52 controls (control group) and compared cerebrospinal fluid interleukin 6 (IL-6), IL-8, chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 10 (CXCL-10), IFN-α, and IFN-β levels. RESULTS A significant difference was observed in IL-6, IL-8, and CXCL-10 levels across the three groups, with highest values in the pleocytosis patients, followed by those in the non-pleocytosis and control subjects. IFN-α level was higher in the pleocytosis group than in the non-pleocytosis and control groups. Meanwhile, the IFN-β level was higher in the pleocytosis and non-pleocytosis groups than in the control group (34.54 [31.23-38.59] pg/mL vs. 33.21 [31.23-35.21] pg/mL vs. 0.00 [0.00-0.00] pg/mL, respectively; P < 0.001). Furthermore, cerebrospinal fluid IFN-β was detected in all patients with enteroviral meningitis, except one (98.8%) regardless of pleocytosis, whereas it was detected in only two (3.8%) control subjects (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION The cerebrospinal fluid cytokine profiles remarkably differed based on the presence or absence of cerebrospinal fluid pleocytosis. Further investigations are required to determine whether cerebrospinal fluid IFN-β could be used as a surrogate marker of viral meningitis instead of cerebrospinal fluid pleocytosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung Yeon Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan, Republic of Korea; Biomedical Research Center, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jae Hee Seol
- Department of Pediatrics, Wonju Severance Christian Hospital Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Chae Hyeon Yi
- Department of Pediatrics, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Hyeok Lee
- Biomedical Research Center, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan, Republic of Korea
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14
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Wang J, Meng M, Xu H, Wang T, Liu Y, Yan H, Liu P, Qin D, Yang Q. Analysis of enterovirus genotypes in the cerebrospinal fluid of children associated with aseptic meningitis in Liaocheng, China, from 2018 to 2019. BMC Infect Dis 2021; 21:405. [PMID: 33933008 PMCID: PMC8088645 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-021-06112-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aseptic meningitis is most often caused by enteroviruses (EVs), but EVs associated with aseptic meningitis have not yet been reported in Liaocheng. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and genetic characteristics of EVs causing aseptic meningitis in children in Liaocheng. METHODS We reviewed the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 504 paediatric cases of aseptic meningitis in Liaocheng from 2018 to 2019 and analysed the phylogeny of the predominant EV types causing this disease. RESULTS A total of 107 children were positive for EV in cerebrospinal fluid samples by nested PCR. Most of the positive patients were children 13 years old or younger and had symptoms such as fever, headache and vomiting (P < 0.05). The seasons with the highest prevalence of EV-positive cases were summer and autumn. The 107 EV sequences belonged to 8 serotypes, and echovirus types 18, 6 and 11 were the three dominant serotypes in Liaocheng during the 2-year study period. Phylogenetic analyses demonstrated that the E18 and E6 isolates belonged to subgenotype C2, while the E11 isolates belonged to subgenotype D5. VP1 analysis suggested that only one lineage of these three types was cocirculating in the Liaocheng region. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated the diverse EV genotypes contributing to a large outbreak of aseptic meningitis in Liaocheng. Therefore, large-scale surveillance is required to assess the epidemiology of EVs associated with aseptic meningitis and is important for the diagnosis and treatment of aseptic meningitis in Liaocheng.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- Key Laboratory for Pediatrics of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Liaocheng People's Hospital, No. 67 Dongchang West Road, Liaocheng, 252000, Shandong Province, PR China
| | - Min Meng
- Key Laboratory for Pediatrics of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Liaocheng People's Hospital, No. 67 Dongchang West Road, Liaocheng, 252000, Shandong Province, PR China
| | - Huan Xu
- Key Laboratory for Pediatrics of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Liaocheng People's Hospital, No. 67 Dongchang West Road, Liaocheng, 252000, Shandong Province, PR China
| | - Ting Wang
- Key Laboratory for Pediatrics of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Liaocheng People's Hospital, No. 67 Dongchang West Road, Liaocheng, 252000, Shandong Province, PR China.
| | - Ying Liu
- Key Laboratory for Pediatrics of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Liaocheng People's Hospital, No. 67 Dongchang West Road, Liaocheng, 252000, Shandong Province, PR China
| | - Han Yan
- Key Laboratory for Pediatrics of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Liaocheng People's Hospital, No. 67 Dongchang West Road, Liaocheng, 252000, Shandong Province, PR China
| | - Peiman Liu
- Key Laboratory for Pediatrics of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Liaocheng People's Hospital, No. 67 Dongchang West Road, Liaocheng, 252000, Shandong Province, PR China
| | - Daogang Qin
- Key Laboratory for Pediatrics of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Liaocheng People's Hospital, No. 67 Dongchang West Road, Liaocheng, 252000, Shandong Province, PR China
| | - Qiaozhi Yang
- Key Laboratory for Pediatrics of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Liaocheng People's Hospital, No. 67 Dongchang West Road, Liaocheng, 252000, Shandong Province, PR China
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15
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Cheng W, Ji T, Zhou S, Shi Y, Jiang L, Zhang Y, Yan D, Yang Q, Song Y, Cai R, Xu W. Molecular epidemiological characteristics of echovirus 6 in mainland China: extensive circulation of genotype F from 2007 to 2018. Arch Virol 2021; 166:1305-1312. [PMID: 33638089 PMCID: PMC8036204 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-020-04934-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Echovirus 6 (E6) is associated with various clinical diseases and is frequently detected in environmental sewage. Despite its high prevalence in humans and the environment, little is known about its molecular phylogeography in mainland China. In this study, 114 of 21,539 (0.53%) clinical specimens from hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) cases collected between 2007 and 2018 were positive for E6. The complete VP1 sequences of 87 representative E6 strains, including 24 strains from this study, were used to investigate the evolutionary genetic characteristics and geographical spread of E6 strains. Phylogenetic analysis based on VP1 nucleotide sequence divergence showed that, globally, E6 strains can be grouped into six genotypes, designated A to F. Chinese E6 strains collected between 1988 and 2018 were found to belong to genotypes C, E, and F, with genotype F being predominant from 2007 to 2018. There was no significant difference in the geographical distribution of each genotype. The evolutionary rate of E6 was estimated to be 3.631 × 10-3 substitutions site-1 year-1 (95% highest posterior density [HPD]: 3.2406 × 10-3-4.031 × 10-3 substitutions site-1 year-1) by Bayesian MCMC analysis. The most recent common ancestor of the E6 genotypes was traced back to 1863, whereas their common ancestor in China was traced back to around 1962. A small genetic shift was detected in the Chinese E6 population size in 2009 according to Bayesian skyline analysis, which indicated that there might have been an epidemic around that year.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjun Cheng
- Medical School, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, 232001, Anhui, People's Republic of China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianjiao Ji
- NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuaifeng Zhou
- Hunan Provincial Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Shi
- Jiangxi Provincial Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanchang, People's Republic of China
| | - Lili Jiang
- Yunnan Provincial Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Kunming, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Zhang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongmei Yan
- NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Yang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Song
- NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ru Cai
- Medical School, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, 232001, Anhui, People's Republic of China.
| | - Wenbo Xu
- Medical School, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, 232001, Anhui, People's Republic of China.
- NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
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16
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Compagnoli Carmona RDC, Caetano Machado B, Aparecida de Sousa C, Vieira HR, Moraes Alves MR, Farias de Souza KA, de Souza Gregório D, Costa Vilanova B, Sampaio Tavares Timenetsky MDC. Distribution of species enterovirus B in patients with central nervous system infections in São Paulo State, Brazil. J Med Virol 2020; 92:3849-3856. [PMID: 32492248 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.26131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2020] [Revised: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Enteroviruses (EV) are most common cause of central nervous system (CNS) infection, mainly aseptic meningitis. In Brazil, data available concerning the distribution of EV types are scarce. The aim of this study was to describe of types EV in patients with infection of the CNS in São Paulo State. This retrospective study was conducted in clinical samples collected from patients with infections of the CNS from 2004 to 2014. We investigated the presence of EV by virus isolation in cell culture. The samples that showed cytopathic effect in the cell culture were submitted by indirect immunofluorescence assay, reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and VP1 partial sequencing to identification of EV isolated. A total of 176 EV isolated in cell culture was detected and typed in 14.5% (n = 176/1215) of clinical samples analyzed; corresponding to 71.0% of AM, and 19.3% of encephalitis and meningoencephalitis. Echoviruses (E) were isolated most frequently, with 155 strains (88.1%), Coxsackievirus B (CV-B), with 20 cases (11.4%), CV-A, with 01 case (0.6%). E-6 was the most commonly identified followed in decreasing order by E-30; E-18; CV-B5; E-4; E-11; CV-B2 and E-9; E-7; CV-A9, CV-B1, CV-B3, CV-B4, E-13, E-14, and E-21. EV detected were classified as belonging to the species enterovirus B. EV were detected in all the period of the year with the highest rate in the spring and summer months. Data obtained in this study contribute to the knowledge about EV circulation implicated in CNS infections over a 11-year period in São Paulo State, Brazil.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Heloisa Rosa Vieira
- Enteric Diseases Laboratory, Virology Center, Adolfo Lutz Institute, São Paulo, Brazil
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17
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Bisseux M, Debroas D, Mirand A, Archimbaud C, Peigue-Lafeuille H, Bailly JL, Henquell C. Monitoring of enterovirus diversity in wastewater by ultra-deep sequencing: An effective complementary tool for clinical enterovirus surveillance. WATER RESEARCH 2020; 169:115246. [PMID: 31710918 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2019.115246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Revised: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 10/26/2019] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
In a one-year (October 2014-October 2015) pilot study, we assessed wastewater monitoring with sustained sampling for analysis of global enterovirus (EV) infections in an urban community. Wastewater was analysed by ultra-deep sequencing (UDS) after PCR amplification of the partial VP1 capsid protein gene. The nucleotide sequence analysis showed an unprecedented diversity of 48 EV types within the community, which were assigned to the taxonomic species A (n = 13), B (n = 23), and C (n = 12). During the same period, 26 EV types, of which 22 were detected in wastewater, were identified in patients referred to the teaching hospital serving the same urban population. Wastewater surveillance detected a silent circulation of 26 EV types including viruses reported in clinically rare respiratory diseases. Wastewater monitoring as a supplementary procedure can complement clinical surveillance of severe diseases related to non-polio EVs and contribute to the final stages of poliomyelitis eradication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxime Bisseux
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, Laboratoire Microorganismes: Genome et Environnement, F-63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France; CHU Clermont-Ferrand, 3 IHP, Centre National de Référence des entérovirus et parechovirus - Laboratoire Associé, Laboratoire de Virologie, F-63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
| | - Didier Debroas
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, Laboratoire Microorganismes: Genome et Environnement, F-63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Audrey Mirand
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, Laboratoire Microorganismes: Genome et Environnement, F-63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France; CHU Clermont-Ferrand, 3 IHP, Centre National de Référence des entérovirus et parechovirus - Laboratoire Associé, Laboratoire de Virologie, F-63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Christine Archimbaud
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, Laboratoire Microorganismes: Genome et Environnement, F-63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France; CHU Clermont-Ferrand, 3 IHP, Centre National de Référence des entérovirus et parechovirus - Laboratoire Associé, Laboratoire de Virologie, F-63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Hélène Peigue-Lafeuille
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, Laboratoire Microorganismes: Genome et Environnement, F-63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France; CHU Clermont-Ferrand, 3 IHP, Centre National de Référence des entérovirus et parechovirus - Laboratoire Associé, Laboratoire de Virologie, F-63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Jean-Luc Bailly
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, Laboratoire Microorganismes: Genome et Environnement, F-63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France; CHU Clermont-Ferrand, 3 IHP, Centre National de Référence des entérovirus et parechovirus - Laboratoire Associé, Laboratoire de Virologie, F-63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Cécile Henquell
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, Laboratoire Microorganismes: Genome et Environnement, F-63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France; CHU Clermont-Ferrand, 3 IHP, Centre National de Référence des entérovirus et parechovirus - Laboratoire Associé, Laboratoire de Virologie, F-63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France
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18
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Liu H, Cong S, Xu D, Lin K, Huang X, Sun H, Yang Z, Ma S. Characterization of a novel echovirus 21 strain isolated from a healthy child in China in 2013. Arch Virol 2020; 165:757-760. [PMID: 31912293 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-019-04506-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Echovirus 21 (E21) belongs to the species Enterovirus B, whose members are frequently associated with acute flaccid paralysis. E21 strain 553/YN/CHN/2013 was isolated from a healthy child in Yunnan, China, in 2013. This is the first report of the complete genome sequence of E21 in China. This strain shared 81.7% nucleotide sequence identity and 96.8% amino acid sequence identity with the E21 prototype strain Farina. Although strain 553/YN/CHN/2013 belongs to the E21 serotype, the only similarity to the E21 strain was in the VP1 region, as other genomic regions, including VP2-VP4, were more similar to other EV-B members. Recombination analysis showed evidence of recombination events between E21 and other EV-B viruses. E21 strain 553/YN/CHN/2013 failed to infect suckling mice via intracerebral injection. Surveillance of E21 is very important to help forecast the potential of emerging E21 outbreaks and related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongbo Liu
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College (CAMS and PUMC), 935 Jiao Ling Road, Kunming, 650118, Yunnan, People's Republic of China.,Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research Development on Severe Infectious Disease, Kunming, 650118, People's Republic of China
| | - Shanri Cong
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College (CAMS and PUMC), 935 Jiao Ling Road, Kunming, 650118, Yunnan, People's Republic of China.,Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research Development on Severe Infectious Disease, Kunming, 650118, People's Republic of China
| | - Danhan Xu
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College (CAMS and PUMC), 935 Jiao Ling Road, Kunming, 650118, Yunnan, People's Republic of China.,Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research Development on Severe Infectious Disease, Kunming, 650118, People's Republic of China
| | - Keqin Lin
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College (CAMS and PUMC), 935 Jiao Ling Road, Kunming, 650118, Yunnan, People's Republic of China.,Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research Development on Severe Infectious Disease, Kunming, 650118, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoqin Huang
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College (CAMS and PUMC), 935 Jiao Ling Road, Kunming, 650118, Yunnan, People's Republic of China.,Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research Development on Severe Infectious Disease, Kunming, 650118, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Sun
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College (CAMS and PUMC), 935 Jiao Ling Road, Kunming, 650118, Yunnan, People's Republic of China.,Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research Development on Severe Infectious Disease, Kunming, 650118, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaoqing Yang
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College (CAMS and PUMC), 935 Jiao Ling Road, Kunming, 650118, Yunnan, People's Republic of China. .,Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research Development on Severe Infectious Disease, Kunming, 650118, People's Republic of China.
| | - Shaohui Ma
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College (CAMS and PUMC), 935 Jiao Ling Road, Kunming, 650118, Yunnan, People's Republic of China. .,Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research Development on Severe Infectious Disease, Kunming, 650118, People's Republic of China.
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19
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Coutinho CRM, Siqueira JAM, Machado RS, Bandeira RDS, Ferreira JL, Alves JCDS, Gabbay YB, Tavares FN. Enterovirus detection and serotyping of fecal material collected from three children living on the outskirts of Belém city, Amazon region, Brazil, during the first 3 years of life (1983-1986). J Med Virol 2020; 92:1075-1084. [PMID: 31840822 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.25656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
In the current investigation, fecal material was obtained during a community-based longitudinal study conducted from 1983 to 1986. This study consisted of 71 children aged newborn to 3 years. A total of 216 samples from three of these children were screened by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) for the presence of enteroviruses, and positive samples were serotyped by VP1 and VP3 sequencing of the viral genome. Of these, 12 (5.6%) came from symptomatic cases, and the remaining asymptomatic cases were collected fortnightly during the 3 years of study. A positivity of 63.4% (137/216) was obtained by RT-qPCR, with 58.3% (7/12) in relation to the symptomatic group and 63.7% (130/204) in relation to the asymptomatic group. The 137 positive samples were inoculated into the RD, HEp2C, and L20B cell lines, and the cytopathic effect was observed in 37.2% (51/137) samples. It was also possible to identify 40.9% (56/137), between isolated (n = 46) and nonisolated (n = 10). Enterovirus serotype diversity (n = 25) was identified in this study, with the predominant species being B (80.3%), followed by C (16.1%) and A (3.6%). Cases of reinfection by different serotypes were also observed in the three children studied. Analyses involving different age groups of these minors confirmed that the most affected age was between 12 to 24 months, with a prevalence of 77.6% (52/67). The enterovirus (EV) circulated in the 3 years of research, showed peaks in some months, without defined seasonality. This study demonstrated a high circulation and serotype diversity of EV in fecal samples, collected over 30 years ago. This endorsed the evaluation of important points of the epidemiology of these viruses, such as the presence of coinfection and reinfection of the same individual by different circulating serotypes. Understanding the frequency and duration of EV infections is important in determining their association with persistent diarrhea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Rafaela Monteiro Coutinho
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Biologia Parasitária na Amazônia (PPGBPA), Universidade do Estado do Pará - UEPA, Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Jones Anderson Monteiro Siqueira
- Laboratório de Norovírus e outros Vírus Gastroentéricos-LNOV, Seção de Virologia-SAVIR, Instituto Evandro Chagas-IEC, Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde, Ministério da Saúde, Ananindeua, Pará, Brazil
| | - Raiana Scerni Machado
- Laboratório de Enterovírus-LEV, Seção de Virologia-SAVIR, Instituto Evandro Chagas-IEC, Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde, Ministério da Saúde, Ananindeua, Pará, Brazil
| | - Renato Da Silva Bandeira
- Laboratório de Rotavírus, Seção de Virologia-SAVIR, Instituto Evandro Chagas-IEC, Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde, Ministério da Saúde, Ananindeua, Pará, Brazil
| | - James Lima Ferreira
- Laboratório de Enterovírus-LEV, Seção de Virologia-SAVIR, Instituto Evandro Chagas-IEC, Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde, Ministério da Saúde, Ananindeua, Pará, Brazil
| | - Jainara Cristina Dos Santos Alves
- Laboratório de Enterovírus-LEV, Seção de Virologia-SAVIR, Instituto Evandro Chagas-IEC, Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde, Ministério da Saúde, Ananindeua, Pará, Brazil
| | - Yvone Benchimol Gabbay
- Laboratório de Norovírus e outros Vírus Gastroentéricos-LNOV, Seção de Virologia-SAVIR, Instituto Evandro Chagas-IEC, Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde, Ministério da Saúde, Ananindeua, Pará, Brazil
| | - Fernando Neto Tavares
- Laboratório de Enterovírus-LEV, Seção de Virologia-SAVIR, Instituto Evandro Chagas-IEC, Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde, Ministério da Saúde, Ananindeua, Pará, Brazil
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Muslin C, Mac Kain A, Bessaud M, Blondel B, Delpeyroux F. Recombination in Enteroviruses, a Multi-Step Modular Evolutionary Process. Viruses 2019; 11:E859. [PMID: 31540135 PMCID: PMC6784155 DOI: 10.3390/v11090859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Revised: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
RNA recombination is a major driving force in the evolution and genetic architecture shaping of enteroviruses. In particular, intertypic recombination is implicated in the emergence of most pathogenic circulating vaccine-derived polioviruses, which have caused numerous outbreaks of paralytic poliomyelitis worldwide. Recent experimental studies that relied on recombination cellular systems mimicking natural genetic exchanges between enteroviruses provided new insights into the molecular mechanisms of enterovirus recombination and enabled to define a new model of genetic plasticity for enteroviruses. Homologous intertypic recombinant enteroviruses that were observed in nature would be the final products of a multi-step process, during which precursor nonhomologous recombinant genomes are generated through an initial inter-genomic RNA recombination event and can then evolve into a diversity of fitter homologous recombinant genomes over subsequent intra-genomic rearrangements. Moreover, these experimental studies demonstrated that the enterovirus genome could be defined as a combination of genomic modules that can be preferentially exchanged through recombination, and enabled defining the boundaries of these recombination modules. These results provided the first experimental evidence supporting the theoretical model of enterovirus modular evolution previously elaborated from phylogenetic studies of circulating enterovirus strains. This review summarizes our current knowledge regarding the mechanisms of recombination in enteroviruses and presents a new evolutionary process that may apply to other RNA viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Muslin
- One Health Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de las Américas, Quito EC170125, Pichincha, Ecuador.
| | - Alice Mac Kain
- Institut Pasteur, Viral Populations and Pathogenesis Unit, CNRS UMR 3569, 75015 Paris, France.
| | - Maël Bessaud
- Institut Pasteur, Viral Populations and Pathogenesis Unit, CNRS UMR 3569, 75015 Paris, France.
| | - Bruno Blondel
- Institut Pasteur, Biology of Enteric Viruses Unit, 75015 Paris, France.
- INSERM U994, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, 75015 Paris, France.
| | - Francis Delpeyroux
- Institut Pasteur, Biology of Enteric Viruses Unit, 75015 Paris, France.
- INSERM U994, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, 75015 Paris, France.
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21
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Lafolie J, Labbé A, L'Honneur AS, Madhi F, Pereira B, Decobert M, Adam MN, Gouraud F, Faibis F, Arditty F, Marque-Juillet S, Guitteny MA, Lagathu G, Verdan M, Rozenberg F, Mirand A, Peigue-Lafeuille H, Henquell C, Bailly JL, Archimbaud C. Assessment of blood enterovirus PCR testing in paediatric populations with fever without source, sepsis-like disease, or suspected meningitis: a prospective, multicentre, observational cohort study. THE LANCET. INFECTIOUS DISEASES 2018; 18:1385-1396. [PMID: 30389482 PMCID: PMC7164799 DOI: 10.1016/s1473-3099(18)30479-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2018] [Revised: 07/04/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Background Enteroviruses are the most frequent cause of acute meningitis and are seen increasingly in sepsis-like disease and fever without source in the paediatric population. Detection of enterovirus in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) specimens by PCR is the gold standard diagnostic test. Our aim was to assess a method of detecting enterovirus in blood specimens by PCR. Methods We did a prospective, multicentre, observational study at 35 French paediatric and emergency departments in 16 hospitals. We recruited newborn babies (aged ≤28 days) and infants (aged >28 days to ≤2 years) with fever without source, sepsis-like disease, or suspected meningitis, and children (aged >2 years to ≤16 years) with suspected meningitis, who were admitted to a participating hospital. We used a standardised form to obtain demographic, clinical, and laboratory data, which were anonymised. Enterovirus PCR testing was done in blood and CSF specimens. Findings Between June 1, 2015, and Oct 31, 2015, and between June 1, 2016, and Oct 31, 2016, we enrolled 822 patients, of whom 672 had enterovirus PCR testing done in blood and CSF specimens. Enterovirus was detected in 317 (47%) patients in either blood or CSF, or both (71 newborn babies, 83 infants, and 163 children). Detection of enterovirus was more frequent in blood samples than in CSF specimens of newborn babies (70 [99%] of 71 vs 62 [87%] of 71; p=0·011) and infants (76 [92%] of 83 vs 62 [75%] of 83; p=0·008), and was less frequent in blood samples than in CSF specimens of children (90 [55%] of 163 vs 148 [91%] of 163; p<0·0001). Detection of enterovirus was more frequent in blood samples than in CSF specimens of infants aged 2 years or younger with fever without source (55 [100%] of 55 vs 41 [75%] of 55; p=0·0002) or with sepsis-like disease (16 [100%] of 16 vs nine [56%] of 16; p=0·008). Detection of enterovirus was less frequent in blood than in CSF of patients with suspected meningitis (165 [67%] of 246 vs 222 [90%] of 246; p<0·0001). Interpretation Testing for enterovirus in blood by PCR should be an integral part of clinical practice guidelines for infants aged 2 years or younger. This testing could decrease the length of hospital stay and reduce exposure to antibiotics for low-risk patients admitted to the emergency department with febrile illness. Funding University Hospital Clermont-Ferrand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jérémy Lafolie
- Université Clermont Auvergne, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratory Microorganisms: Genome and Environment (LMGE), Clermont-Ferrand, France; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Clermont-Ferrand, Laboratoire de Virologie, Centre National de Référence Entérovirus Parechovirus, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - André Labbé
- Service de Pédiatrie, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Anne Sophie L'Honneur
- Hôpital Cochin, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Service de Virologie, Paris, France
| | - Fouad Madhi
- Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal Créteil, Service de Pédiatrie Générale, Créteil, France
| | - Bruno Pereira
- Délégation Recherche Clinique and Innovation, Méthodologie, Biostatistique, Data-management, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Marion Decobert
- Groupe Hospitalier Nord Essonne, Service de Pédiatrie et Néonatologie, Orsay, France
| | - Marie Noelle Adam
- Centre Hospitalier Sud Francilien, Laboratoire de Microbiologie, Corbeil Essonnes, France
| | - François Gouraud
- Grand Hôpital de l'Est Francilien, Service de Pédiatrie, Meaux, France
| | | | - Francois Arditty
- Centre Hospitalier de Versailles André Mignot, Service de Pédiatrie, Le Chesnay, France
| | | | | | | | | | - Flore Rozenberg
- Hôpital Cochin, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Service de Virologie, Paris, France
| | - Audrey Mirand
- Université Clermont Auvergne, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratory Microorganisms: Genome and Environment (LMGE), Clermont-Ferrand, France; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Clermont-Ferrand, Laboratoire de Virologie, Centre National de Référence Entérovirus Parechovirus, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Hélène Peigue-Lafeuille
- Université Clermont Auvergne, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratory Microorganisms: Genome and Environment (LMGE), Clermont-Ferrand, France; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Clermont-Ferrand, Laboratoire de Virologie, Centre National de Référence Entérovirus Parechovirus, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Cécile Henquell
- Université Clermont Auvergne, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratory Microorganisms: Genome and Environment (LMGE), Clermont-Ferrand, France; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Clermont-Ferrand, Laboratoire de Virologie, Centre National de Référence Entérovirus Parechovirus, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Jean-Luc Bailly
- Université Clermont Auvergne, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratory Microorganisms: Genome and Environment (LMGE), Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Christine Archimbaud
- Université Clermont Auvergne, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratory Microorganisms: Genome and Environment (LMGE), Clermont-Ferrand, France; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Clermont-Ferrand, Laboratoire de Virologie, Centre National de Référence Entérovirus Parechovirus, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
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22
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Shabani A, Makvandi M, Samarbafzadeh A, Teimoori A, Rasti M, Karami C, Rastegarvand N, Nikfar R, Shamsizadeh A, Salehi A, Angali KA. Echovirus 30 and coxsackievirus A9 infection among young neonates with sepsis in Iran. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY 2018; 10:258-265. [PMID: 30483379 PMCID: PMC6243150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Human enteroviruses (EV) are the most common causes of neonatal sepsis-like disease. The frequencies of EV including coxsackievirus A, coxsackievirus B and Echovirus serotypes have been studied in young infants (younger than three months) with sepsis. So far, the role of enteroviruses among neonates with sepsis was not determined in Ahvaz, Iran. Therefore, this study was aimed to evaluate the frequency of EV among hospitalized young infants with clinical signs and symptoms of sepsis in Ahvaz. MATERIALS AND METHODS Blood specimens from 128 neonates (younger than 90 days), including 56 (43.75%) girls and 72 (56.25%) boys, were collected from hospitalized neonates with clinical signs and symptoms of sepsis-like symptoms. All blood samples were negative for bacterial culture. RNA was extracted from all sera and tested for detection of 5'UTR (Untranslated Region) of the EV by RT-PCR. To determine specific strains of EV, positive 5'UTR samples were further tested for detection of the VP1 region of EV by RT-PCR. RESULTS Overall, 50/128 (39.06%) specimens, including 24 (48%) girls and 26 (52%) boys, were positive for EV. 21/50 (42%) specimens were positive for the VP1 region. Randomly, 8 positive VP1 were selected and sequenced. Analysis of sequencing data showed 7/21 (33.33%) samples were positive for Echovirus 30 and 1/21 (4.76%) samples were positive for CVA9. CONCLUSION The results of this survey indicate high prevalence of 39.06% of EV among young neonates with sepsis. A high prevalence of 33.3% Echoviruses 30 and a low rate of 4.76% coxsackievirus A9 infection has been observed in neonatal patients with viral sepsis. This outbreak is probably one of the first Enterovirus outbreaks to be reported in Ahvaz, Iran. The results of this survey will help to minimize unneeded use of antimicrobial drugs and reduce unnecessary hospitalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdolnabi Shabani
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Manoochehr Makvandi
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran,Corresponding author: Manoochehr Makvandi, Ph.D, Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran. Tel: +98 61 33738313, Fax: +98 61 33738313,
| | - Alireza Samarbafzadeh
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Ali Teimoori
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Rasti
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Chiman Karami
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Nasteran Rastegarvand
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran,Department of Infectious Diseases, Abozar Hospital, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Roya Nikfar
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Ahmad Shamsizadeh
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Abozar Hospital, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Azam Salehi
- Parasitology Department, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Kambiz Ahmadi Angali
- Biostatistic Department, School of Health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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23
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B'Krong NTTC, Minh NNQ, Qui PT, Chau TTH, Nghia HDT, Do LAH, Nhung NN, Van Vinh Chau N, Thwaites G, Van Tan L, van Doorn HR, Thanh TT. Enterovirus serotypes in patients with central nervous system and respiratory infections in Viet Nam 1997-2010. Virol J 2018; 15:69. [PMID: 29650033 PMCID: PMC5897964 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-018-0980-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Accepted: 04/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Enteroviruses are the most common causative agents of human illness. Enteroviruses have been associated with regional and global epidemics, recently, including with severe disease (Enterovirus A71 and D68), and are of interest as emerging viruses. Here, we typed Enterovirus A-D (EV) from central nervous system (CNS) and respiratory infections in Viet Nam. Methods Data and specimens from prospective observational clinical studies conducted between 1997 and 2010 were used. Species and serotypes were determined using type-specific RT-PCR and viral protein 1 or 4 (VP1, VP4) sequencing. Results Samples from patients with CNS infection (51 children – 10 CSF and 41 respiratory/rectal swabs) and 28 adults (28 CSF) and respiratory infection (124 children – 124 respiratory swabs) were analysed. Twenty-six different serotypes of the four Enterovirus species (A-D) were identified, including EV-A71 and EV-D68. Enterovirus B was associated with viral meningitis in children and adults. Hand, foot and mouth disease associated Enteroviruses A (EV-A71 and Coxsackievirus [CV] A10) were detected in children with encephalitis. Diverse serotypes of all four Enterovirus species were found in respiratory samples, including 2 polio-vaccine viruses, but also 8 CV-A24 and 8 EV-D68. With the exception of EV-D68, the relevance of these viruses in respiratory infection remains unknown. Conclusion We describe the diverse spectrum of enteroviruses from patients with CNS and respiratory infections in Viet Nam between 1997 and 2010. These data confirm the global circulation of Enterovirus genera and their associations and are important for clinical diagnostics, patient management, and outbreak response. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12985-018-0980-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nguyen Thi Thuy Chinh B'Krong
- Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam.,Division of Medicine and Laboratory Science, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ngo Ngoc Quang Minh
- Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam.,Children's Hospital 1, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
| | - Phan Tu Qui
- Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam.,Children's Hospital 1, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam.,Hospital for Tropical Diseases, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
| | - Tran Thi Hong Chau
- Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam.,Hospital for Tropical Diseases, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
| | - Ho Dang Trung Nghia
- Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam.,Hospital for Tropical Diseases, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
| | - Lien Anh Ha Do
- Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam.,Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Nguyen Ngoc Nhung
- Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam.,Department of Biotechnology, University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
| | | | - Guy Thwaites
- Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam.,Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Le Van Tan
- Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
| | - H Rogier van Doorn
- Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam. .,Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. .,Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, 78 Giai Phong, Dong Da, Ha Noi, Viet Nam.
| | - Tran Tan Thanh
- Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam.
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24
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Mirand A, le Sage FV, Pereira B, Cohen R, Levy C, Archimbaud C, Peigue-Lafeuille H, Bailly JL, Henquell C. Ambulatory Pediatric Surveillance of Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease as Signal of an Outbreak of Coxsackievirus A6 Infections, France, 2014-2015. Emerg Infect Dis 2018; 22:1884-1893. [PMID: 27767012 PMCID: PMC5088007 DOI: 10.3201/eid2211.160590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Outbreaks can be detected by syndromic surveillance, rapid enterovirus testing, and genotyping. The clinical impact of enteroviruses associated with hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) is unknown outside Asia, and the prevalence of enterovirus A71 (EV-A71) in particular might be underestimated. To investigate the prevalence of enterovirus serotypes and the clinical presentations associated with HFMD in France, we conducted prospective ambulatory clinic–based surveillance of children during April 2014–March 2015. Throat or buccal swabs were collected from children with HFMD and tested for the enterovirus genome. Physical examinations were recorded on a standardized form. An enterovirus infection was detected in 523 (79.3%) of 659 children tested. Two epidemic waves occurred, dominated by coxsackievirus (CV) A6, which was detected in 53.9% of enterovirus-infected children. CV-A6 was more frequently related to atypical HFMD manifestations (eruptions extended to limbs and face). Early awareness and documentation of HFMD outbreaks can be achieved by syndromic surveillance of HFMD by ambulatory pediatricians and rapid enterovirus testing and genotyping.
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MESH Headings
- Adolescent
- Age Factors
- Child
- Child, Preschool
- Disease Outbreaks
- Enterovirus A, Human/classification
- Enterovirus A, Human/genetics
- Female
- France/epidemiology
- Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease/diagnosis
- Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease/epidemiology
- Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease/history
- Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease/virology
- History, 21st Century
- Humans
- Infant
- Infant, Newborn
- Male
- Molecular Typing
- Phylogeny
- Population Surveillance
- Prospective Studies
- RNA, Viral
- Serogroup
- Symptom Assessment
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Dumaidi K, Al-Jawabreh A. Molecular detection and genotyping of enteroviruses from CSF samples of patients with suspected sepsis-like illness and/or aseptic meningitis from 2012 to 2015 in West Bank, Palestine. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0172357. [PMID: 28225788 PMCID: PMC5321419 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0172357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2016] [Accepted: 02/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human enteroviruses (HEVs) are the most frequently reported cause of aseptic meningitis with or without CSF pleocytosis in childhood. Rapid detection and genotype of HEVs is essential to determine the causative agent and variant causing sepsis-like illness and/or aseptic meningitis. AIM To investigate the molecular epidemiology of enteroviruses (EVs) among patients with sepsis-like illness and/or aseptic meningitis admitted to three major hospitals in West Bank, Palestine from 2012 to 2015. METHODS During the study period, 356 CSF samples were collected from patients with sepsis-like illness and/or aseptic meningitis. Two RT-nested PCR assays targeting a partial part of 5'UTR for direct diagnosis and the VP1 region for genotyping by sequence analysis of the viral genome were used. RESULTS HEV RNA was detected in 66 of 356 (18.5%) of CSF samples. Age distribution showed that 64% (42/66) were infants (<1 year), 18% were children between 1 and 5 years old, 12% were children between 5 and 10 years old, and 6% were more than 10 years old. Of the 66 EV cases, 12 were successfully genotyped. Five different EV genotypes were identified. All of them belonged to HEV-B species. The study showed that echovirus 6 genotype accounted for 42% of the sequenced cases. The HEV infections in the present study tended to show slight seasonal pattern with more cases occurring during spring and summer, yet still significant numbers were also reported in fall and winter seasons. CONCLUSION HEV was isolated from a significant number of children with sepsis-like illness and/or aseptic meningitis. In addition, the molecular method utilized for direct diagnosis and genotyping of HEV from CSF revealed that more than one HEV type circulated in the West Bank, Palestine during the study period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamal Dumaidi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Arab American University in Jenin, Jenin, Palestine
- * E-mail:
| | - Amer Al-Jawabreh
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Arab American University in Jenin, Jenin, Palestine
- Al-Quds Public Health Society, Jerusalem, Palestine
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26
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Wieczorek M, Figas A, Krzysztoszek A. Enteroviruses Associated with Aseptic Meningitis in Poland, 2011–2014. Pol J Microbiol 2016; 65:231-235. [DOI: 10.5604/17331331.1204485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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27
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Krasota A, Loginovskih N, Ivanova O, Lipskaya G. Direct Identification of Enteroviruses in Cerebrospinal Fluid of Patients with Suspected Meningitis by Nested PCR Amplification. Viruses 2016; 8:E10. [PMID: 26751470 PMCID: PMC4728570 DOI: 10.3390/v8010010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2015] [Revised: 12/21/2015] [Accepted: 12/24/2015] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Enteroviruses, the most common human viral pathogens worldwide, have been associated with serous meningitis, encephalitis, syndrome of acute flaccid paralysis, myocarditis and the onset of diabetes type 1. In the future, the rapid identification of the etiological agent would allow to adjust the therapy promptly and thereby improve the course of the disease and prognosis. We developed RT-nested PCR amplification of the genomic region coding viral structural protein VP1 for direct identification of enteroviruses in clinical specimens and compared it with the existing analogs. One-hundred-fifty-nine cerebrospinal fluids (CSF) from patients with suspected meningitis were studied. The amplification of VP1 genomic region using the new method was achieved for 86 (54.1%) patients compared with 75 (47.2%), 53 (33.3%) and 31 (19.5%) achieved with previously published methods. We identified 11 serotypes of the Enterovirus species B in 2012, including relatively rare echovirus 14 (E-14), E-15 and E-32, and eight serotypes of species B and 5 enteroviruses A71 (EV-A71) in 2013. The developed method can be useful for direct identification of enteroviruses in clinical material with the low virus loads such as CSF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandr Krasota
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119899, Russia.
- Chumakov Institute of Poliomyelitis and Viral Encephalitides, Moscow 142782, Russia.
| | - Natalia Loginovskih
- Hygienic and Epidemiological Center in the Omsk Region, Omsk 644116, Russia.
| | - Olga Ivanova
- Chumakov Institute of Poliomyelitis and Viral Encephalitides, Moscow 142782, Russia.
| | - Galina Lipskaya
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119899, Russia.
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28
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Othman I, Mirand A, Slama I, Mastouri M, Peigue-Lafeuille H, Aouni M, Bailly JL. Enterovirus Migration Patterns between France and Tunisia. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0145674. [PMID: 26709514 PMCID: PMC4692522 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0145674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2015] [Accepted: 12/06/2015] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The enterovirus (EV) types echovirus (E-) 5, E-9, and E-18, and coxsackievirus (CV-) A9 are infrequently reported in human diseases and their epidemiologic features are poorly defined. Virus transmission patterns between countries have been estimated with phylogenetic data derived from the 1D/VP1 and 3CD gene sequences of a sample of 74 strains obtained in France (2000–2012) and Tunisia (2011–2013) and from the publicly available sequences. The EV types (E-5, E-9, and E-18) exhibited a lower worldwide genetic diversity (respective number of genogroups: 4, 5, and 3) in comparison to CV-A9 (n = 10). The phylogenetic trees estimated with both 1D/VP1 and 3CD sequence data showed variations in the number of co-circulating lineages over the last 20 years among the four EV types. Despite the low number of genogroups in E-18, the virus exhibited the highest number of recombinant 3CD lineages (n = 10) versus 4 (E-5) to 8 (E-9). The phylogenies provided evidence of multiple transportation events between France and Tunisia involving E-5, E-9, E-18, and CV-A9 strains. Virus spread events between France and 17 other countries in five continents had high probabilities of occurrence as those between Tunisia and two European countries other than France. All transportation events were supported by BF values > 10. Inferring the source of virus transmission from phylogenetic data may provide insights into the patterns of sporadic and epidemic diseases caused by EVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ines Othman
- University of Monastir, Faculty of Pharmacy, LR99-ES27, Monastir, Tunisia
- University of Carthage, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, Tunisia
| | - Audrey Mirand
- Université d’Auvergne, EPIE, EA 4843, Clermont-Ferrand, France
- CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Service de Virologie, Centre National de Référence des Enterovirus–Parechovirus, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Ichrak Slama
- University of Monastir, Faculty of Pharmacy, LR99-ES27, Monastir, Tunisia
- University of Carthage, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, Tunisia
| | - Maha Mastouri
- University of Monastir, Faculty of Pharmacy, LR99-ES27, Monastir, Tunisia
- Fattouma Bourguiba University Hospital, Laboratory of Microbiology, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Hélène Peigue-Lafeuille
- Université d’Auvergne, EPIE, EA 4843, Clermont-Ferrand, France
- CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Service de Virologie, Centre National de Référence des Enterovirus–Parechovirus, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Mahjoub Aouni
- University of Monastir, Faculty of Pharmacy, LR99-ES27, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Jean-Luc Bailly
- Université d’Auvergne, EPIE, EA 4843, Clermont-Ferrand, France
- * E-mail:
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29
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Molet L, Saloum K, Marque-Juillet S, Garbarg-Chenon A, Henquell C, Schuffenecker I, Peigue-Lafeuille H, Rozenberg F, Mirand A. Enterovirus infections in hospitals of Ile de France region over 2013. J Clin Virol 2015; 74:37-42. [PMID: 26655266 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcv.2015.11.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2015] [Revised: 11/06/2015] [Accepted: 11/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The monitoring and genotyping of Enterovirus (EV) infections can help to associate particular or severe clinical manifestations with specific EV types and to identify the aetiology of infectious outbreaks. OBJECTIVES To describe the epidemiological features of EV infections diagnosed during the year 2013 in the Greater Paris area (Ile de France). STUDY DESIGN During 2013, 2497 samples taken from 470 patients in 33 hospitals of Ile-de France were tested for EV genome by RT-PCR. EV genotyping was performed by the National Reference Centre (NRC) laboratories. EV infections were retrospectively reviewed by retrieving clinical and genotyping data from the NRC database. RESULTS Of the 2497 samples, 490 (19.6%) was positive for EV genome detection. These EV infections represented 88.7% and 24.1%, respectively, of all reported regional and national infections. Twenty-seven different genotypes were identified. Echovirus 30 (E-30) accounted for 54.1% of all characterized strains and caused a large outbreak. Four severe neonatal infections were reported, of which two were caused by EV-A71. Respiratory infections involving EV-D68 were observed in two adults. One fatal case of Coxsackievirus A2-associated myocarditis was reported. CONCLUSION Monitoring EV infections in combination with EV genotyping via the French EV network characterized the epidemiology of EV infections in the Ile de France region in 2013 and documented severe EV infections associated with EV-A71 or CV-A2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucie Molet
- Université Paris Descartes et Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Cochin, Service de Virologie, Paris, France.
| | - Kenda Saloum
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Trousseau, Service de Virologie, Paris, France
| | | | - Antoine Garbarg-Chenon
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Trousseau, Service de Virologie, Paris, France
| | - Cécile Henquell
- CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Laboratoire de Virologie, Centre National de Référence des Entérovirus-Parechovirus- Laboratoire associé, Clermont-Ferrand, France; Université d'Auvergne, EA4843 « Epidémiologie et Pathogénie des Infections à Entérovirus », Faculté de Médecine, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Isabelle Schuffenecker
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Laboratoire de Virologie, Centre National de Référence des Entérovirus-Parechovirus, Lyon, France
| | - Hélène Peigue-Lafeuille
- CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Laboratoire de Virologie, Centre National de Référence des Entérovirus-Parechovirus- Laboratoire associé, Clermont-Ferrand, France; Université d'Auvergne, EA4843 « Epidémiologie et Pathogénie des Infections à Entérovirus », Faculté de Médecine, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Flore Rozenberg
- Université Paris Descartes et Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Cochin, Service de Virologie, Paris, France
| | - Audrey Mirand
- CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Laboratoire de Virologie, Centre National de Référence des Entérovirus-Parechovirus- Laboratoire associé, Clermont-Ferrand, France; Université d'Auvergne, EA4843 « Epidémiologie et Pathogénie des Infections à Entérovirus », Faculté de Médecine, Clermont-Ferrand, France
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30
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Enterovirus meningitis in Tunisia (Monastir, Mahdia, 2011-2013): identification of virus variants cocirculating in France. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2015; 84:116-22. [PMID: 26643063 DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2015.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2014] [Revised: 08/10/2015] [Accepted: 10/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Acute enterovirus (EV) meningitis is a frequent cause of hospitalisation, and over 100 EV serotypes may be involved. A total of 215 patients of all ages with meningitis signs were investigated in 2 Tunisian hospitals. Their cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) was analysed retrospectively for EVs with a TaqMan real-time RT-qPCR. The virus strains were typed, and their evolutionary relationships were determined by Bayesian phylogenetic methods. An EV genome was detected in 21/215 patients (9.8%). The CSF viral loads ranged from 3.27 to 5.63 log10 genome copies/mL. The strains were identified in 13/21 patients and assigned to EV-B types. Viruses identified in Tunisian patients were genetically related to variants detected in France. The viral loads were similar in Tunisian and French patients for most EV types. The phylogenetic data and viral loads determined in Tunisian and French patients suggest that close EV variants were involved in aseptic meningitis in the 2 countries over a same period.
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Abstract
Enteroviruses cause illnesses ranging from benign upper respiratory infections to severe meningitis and encephalitis. A recent uptick in the number of patients, many of them children, with respiratory infections caused by enterovirus 68 (EV-D68) has captured the attention of health care providers and public health administrators. In the United States, this type of infection was confirmed in 1152 people during 2014. This article examines recent trends in EV-D68 infections, reviewing past outbreaks and the 2014 outbreak, and describes the increasing cases of acute flaccid myelitis and their possible connection with EV-D68.
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32
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Danthanarayana N, Williams DT, Williams SH, Thevanesam V, Speers DJ, Fernando MSS. Acute meningoencephalitis associated with echovirus 9 infection in Sri Lanka, 2009. J Med Virol 2015; 87:2033-9. [PMID: 25983131 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.24267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The aetiology of acute meningoencephalitis in Sri Lankan children and adults is poorly understood. This study was carried out to determine pathogens responsible for meningoencephalitis in Sri Lanka. A hospital-based cross-sectional study was performed using cerebrospinal fluid samples (22 adult and 17 pediatric) collected from August to December 2009 from patients clinically diagnosed with acute meningoencephalitis at two tertiary care hospitals in Sri Lanka. Routine microbiology for bacterial pathogens together with in-house RT-PCR and PCR assays for the detection of dengue viruses, Japanese encephalitis virus, West Nile virus, chikungunya virus, enteroviruses, mumps virus, measles virus, herpes simplex viruses types 1 and 2, and varicella zoster virus were performed. Bacterial pathogens were not isolated from any patient specimens. However, from nine of the paediatric patients aged 1 month to 10 years (mean age 5.2 years) echovirus 9 (E-9; family Picornaviridae, genus Enterovirus,species Enterovirus B ) was detected by RT-PCR. All nine patients presented with fever, six had headache, and seven had vomiting. Neck stiffness indicating meningitis was present in six of the patients. Phylogenetic analysis of partial VP1 and VP4-VP2 genes showed these E-9 strains to be most closely related to E-9 strains detected in CSF from Korea and France in 2005 and 2006. The remaining patients were negative for all other viruses tested. E-9 was the most common cause of acute meningoencephalitis in the tested paediatric population from Sri Lanka in 2009, which likely reflects circulation of this E-9 strain between Europe and Asia over several years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nayomi Danthanarayana
- Medical Research Institute, Colombo 08, Sri Lanka.,Teaching Hospital Karapitiya, Galle, Sri Lanka
| | - David T Williams
- PathWest Laboratory Medicine, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia.,CSIRO, Australian Animal Health Laboratory, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Vasanthi Thevanesam
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Peradeniya, Sri Lanka
| | - David J Speers
- PathWest Laboratory Medicine, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia.,School of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - M S S Fernando
- Lady Ridgeway Children's Hospital, Colombo 08, Sri Lanka
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33
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Huang Y, Zhou Y, Lu H, Yang H, Feng Q, Dai Y, Chen L, Yu S, Yao X, Zhang H, Jiang M, Wang Y, Han N, Hu G, He Y. Characterization of severe hand, foot, and mouth disease in Shenzhen, China, 2009-2013. J Med Virol 2015; 87:1471-9. [PMID: 25951788 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.24200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) is caused by human enteroviruses, especially by enterovirus 71 (EV71) and coxsackievirus A16 (CA16). Patients infected with different enteroviruses show varied clinical symptoms. The aim of this study was to determine whether the etiological spectrum of mild and severe HFMD changed, and the association between pathogens and clinical features. From 2009 to 2013, a total of 2,299 stool or rectal specimens were collected with corresponding patient data. A dynamic view of the etiological spectrum of mild and severe HFMD in Shenzhen city of China was provided. EV71 accounted for the majority proportion of severe HFMD cases and fatalities during 2009-2013. CA16 and EV71 were gradually replaced by coxsackievirus A6 (CA6) as the most common serotype for mild HFMD since 2010. Myoclonic jerk and vomiting were the most frequent severe symptoms. Nervous system complications, including aseptic encephalitis and aseptic meningitis were observed mainly in patients infected by EV71. Among EV71, CA16, CA6, and CA10 infection, fever and pharyngalgia were more likely to develop, vesicles on the hand, foot, elbow, knee and buttock were less likely to develop in patients infected with CA10. Vesicles on the mouth more frequently occurred in the patients with CA6, but less in the patient with EV71. Associations between diverse enterovirus serotypes and various clinical features were discovered in the present study, which may offer further insight into early detection, diagnosis and treatment of HFMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Huang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuanping Zhou
- First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hong Lu
- Scientific Research Department of Nanfang Hospital Affiliated to Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hong Yang
- Major Infectious Disease Control Key Laboratory, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qianjin Feng
- Department of Health Statistics and Epidemiology, College of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yingchun Dai
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Long Chen
- Major Infectious Disease Control Key Laboratory, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shouyi Yu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiangjie Yao
- Major Infectious Disease Control Key Laboratory, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hailong Zhang
- Major Infectious Disease Control Key Laboratory, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ming Jiang
- Major Infectious Disease Control Key Laboratory, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yujie Wang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ning Han
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Guifang Hu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yaqing He
- First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Major Infectious Disease Control Key Laboratory, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, China
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34
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Tan X, Gao L, Ma X, Nie J, Zhan D, Zhang B, Liu Y, Liu F, Xu W. An outbreak of echovirus 33 in schools in China in 2013. Arch Virol 2014; 159:2233-41. [DOI: 10.1007/s00705-014-2059-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2013] [Accepted: 03/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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35
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Volle R, Bailly JL, Mirand A, Pereira B, Marque-Juillet S, Chambon M, Regagnon C, Brebion A, Henquell C, Peigue-Lafeuille H, Archimbaud C. Variations in Cerebrospinal Fluid Viral Loads Among Enterovirus Genotypes in Patients Hospitalized With Laboratory-Confirmed Meningitis Due to Enterovirus. J Infect Dis 2014; 210:576-84. [DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiu178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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36
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Battistone A, Buttinelli G, Bonomo P, Fiore S, Amato C, Mercurio P, Cicala A, Simeoni J, Foppa A, Triassi M, Pennino F, Fiore L. Detection of Enteroviruses in Influent and Effluent Flow Samples from Wastewater Treatment Plants in Italy. FOOD AND ENVIRONMENTAL VIROLOGY 2014; 6:13-22. [PMID: 24277051 DOI: 10.1007/s12560-013-9132-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2013] [Accepted: 11/11/2013] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluated the presence and seasonal distribution of polio and other enteroviruses in four wastewater treatment plants in three cities in Italy, using different treatment systems. Detection of enteroviruses was carried out by virus isolation in cell cultures after concentration of water samples collected at both inlet and outlet of the treatment plants, following the methods described in the WHO guidelines. Viral serotypes isolated before and after water treatment were compared. Forty-eight non-polio enteroviruses were isolated from 312 samples collected at the inlet of the four wastewater treatment plants, 35 of which were Coxsackievirus type B (72.9 %) and 13 Echovirus (27.1 %). After treatment, 2 CVB3, 1 CVB5, and 1 Echo 6 were isolated. CVB3 and Echo 6 serotypes were also detected in samples collected at the inlet of the TP, in the same month and year. The high rate of detection of infectious enteroviruses in inlet sewage samples (30.1 %) indicates wide diffusion of these viruses in the populations linked to the collectors. The incomplete removal of infectious viruses following sewage treatment highlights possible risks for public health relate to treated waters discharge into the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Battistone
- CRIVIB, National Centre for Immunobiologicals Research and Evaluation, Viral Vaccines Unit, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Gabriele Buttinelli
- CRIVIB, National Centre for Immunobiologicals Research and Evaluation, Viral Vaccines Unit, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Bonomo
- CRIVIB, National Centre for Immunobiologicals Research and Evaluation, Viral Vaccines Unit, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Fiore
- CRIVIB, National Centre for Immunobiologicals Research and Evaluation, Viral Vaccines Unit, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Concetta Amato
- CRIVIB, National Centre for Immunobiologicals Research and Evaluation, Viral Vaccines Unit, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Pietro Mercurio
- A.M.A.P. S.p.A. "Impianto di depurazione Acqua dei Corsari", Palermo, Italy
| | - Antonella Cicala
- A.M.A.P. S.p.A. "Impianto di depurazione Acqua dei Corsari", Palermo, Italy
| | | | | | - Maria Triassi
- Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | | | - Lucia Fiore
- CRIVIB, National Centre for Immunobiologicals Research and Evaluation, Viral Vaccines Unit, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161, Rome, Italy.
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37
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Molecular epidemiology of human enterovirus associated with aseptic meningitis in Shandong Province, China, 2006-2012. PLoS One 2014; 9:e89766. [PMID: 24587020 PMCID: PMC3931826 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0089766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2013] [Accepted: 01/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Human enteroviruses (HEVs) are common causes of acute meningitis. However, there is limited information about HEV associated with aseptic meningitis in mainland China because it has not been classified as a notifiable disease. Objectives To characterize the HEVs associated with sporadic aseptic meningitis in China and to analyze their genetic features. Study Design Cerebrospinal fluid, throat swab and feces specimens were collected from patients with aseptic meningitis in 5 sentinel hospitals in Shandong Province, China between 2006 and 2012. Virological investigation (viral isolation and molecular identification) and phylogenetic analysis were performed. Results A total of 437 hospitalized patients were reported, and enteroviruses were detected in the specimens from 84 patients (19.2%) and were identified into 17 serotypes. The nine main serotypes were echovirus (E) 30 (27.4%), EV71 (13.1%), coxsackievirus (CV) B1 (9.5%), CVB3 (7.1%), CVB5 (7.1%), E6 (7.1%), E9 (7.1%), CVA9 (6.0%), and CVA10 (3.6%). Monthly distribution of isolated enteroviruses revealed a major peak in summer-fall season and a small second peak in winter constituted totally by EV71. Sequence analysis on VP1 coding region suggested Shandong strains had great genetic divergence with isolates from other countries. Conclusions Multiple serotypes were responsible for enterovirus meningitis in mainland China. Aseptic meningitis caused by EV71 and coxsackie A viruses–the predominant pathogens for the hand, foot, and mouth disease–is currently an important concern in mainland China.
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38
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Hyeon JY, Hwang S, Kim H, Song J, Ahn J, Kang B, Kim K, Choi W, Chung JK, Kim CH, Cho K, Jee Y, Kim J, Kim K, Kim SH, Kim MJ, Cheon DS. Accuracy of diagnostic methods and surveillance sensitivity for human enterovirus, South Korea, 1999-2011. Emerg Infect Dis 2014; 19:1268-75. [PMID: 23876671 PMCID: PMC3739515 DOI: 10.3201/eid.1908.130496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The epidemiology of enteroviral infection in South Korea during 1999-2011 chronicles nationwide outbreaks and changing detection and subtyping methods used over the 13-year period. Of 14,657 patients whose samples were tested, 4,762 (32.5%) samples were positive for human enterovirus (human EV); as diagnostic methods improved, the rate of positive results increased. A seasonal trend of outbreaks was documented. Genotypes enterovirus 71, echovirus 30, coxsackievirus B5, enterovirus 6, and coxsackievirus B2 were the most common genotypes identified. Accurate test results correlated clinical syndromes to enterovirus genotypes: aseptic meningitis to echovirus 30, enterovirus 6, and coxsackievirus B5; hand, foot and mouth disease to coxsackievirus A16; and hand, foot and mouth disease with neurologic complications to enterovirus 71. There are currently no treatments specific to human EV infections; surveillance of enterovirus infections such as this study provides may assist with evaluating the need to research and develop treatments for infections caused by virulent human EV genotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Yeon Hyeon
- Korea Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Cheongwon-gun, Chungcheongbuk-do, South Korea
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39
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Ibrahim W, Boukhadra N, Nasri-Zoghlami D, Berthelot P, Omar S, Bourlet T, Pozzetto B, Pillet S. Partial sequencing of the VP2 capsid gene for direct enterovirus genotyping in clinical specimens. Clin Microbiol Infect 2014; 20:O558-65. [PMID: 24372815 DOI: 10.1111/1469-0691.12520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2013] [Revised: 11/02/2013] [Accepted: 12/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Typing of human enterovirus (EV) remains a major goal for diagnostic and epidemiological purposes. Whereas sequencing of the VP1 coding region is the reference standard for EV typing, a method relying on sequencing of the VP2 coding region has been proposed as an alternative; however, this has been validated only on cell culture supernatants. To avoid the selection of cultivable strains and to quicken the identification step, a new semi-nested PCR method targeting the VP2 region was developed by use of the CODEHOP strategy. After validation of the method on reference and clinical strains, a total of 352 clinical specimens found to be positive for EV RNA (138 with the GeneXpert EV kit and 214 with the Enterovirus R-gene kit) during a 3-year period (2010-2012) were analysed prospectively for VP2 genotyping. Overall, 204 (58%) specimens were typeable. A higher proportion of throat swab/stool specimens than of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) specimens was found to be typeable (94 of 142 (66.2%) vs. 83 of 169 (49.1%), respectively, p <0.01 by the chi-square test). Moreover, the median Ct value obtained was lower for typeable specimens than for untypeable specimens (32.20 vs. 33.01, p <0.05, and 25.96 vs. 31.74, p <0.001, for the GeneXpert and R-gene tests, respectively, by the Mann-Whitney-Wilcoxon test). These results suggest that, in cases of EV meningitis, a peripheral specimen (i.e. throat swab or stool) that is susceptible to exhibiting a higher viral load should be used in preference to CSF for identifying the causative EV genotype by use of the VP2 typing method without cell culture isolation.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Ibrahim
- EA-3064, Groupe Immunité des Muqueuses et Agents Pathogènes (GIMAP), Faculty of Medicine of Saint-Etienne, University of Lyon, Saint-Etienne, France; Laboratory of Transmissible Diseases and Biologically Active Substances, Faculty of Pharmacy, Monastir, Tunisia
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40
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Detection and genotyping of enteroviruses in cerebrospinal fluid in patients in Victoria, Australia, 2007-2013. J Med Virol 2014; 86:1609-13. [DOI: 10.1002/jmv.23885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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41
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A case of congenital Echovirus 11 infection acquired early in pregnancy. J Clin Virol 2013; 59:71-3. [PMID: 24332364 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcv.2013.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2013] [Revised: 10/28/2013] [Accepted: 11/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Enterovirus (EV) maternal infection during pregnancy and its relation to fetal developmental pathology are seldomly described. When reported, the main manifestations of EV congenital infections are myocarditis or intra-uterine fetal demise (IUFD). No information on intrauterine Echovirus 11 infection or the effect of transplacental Echovirus 11 infection on development of the fetus has been described in literature up to date (excluding late-pregnancy infections). We report here a case of an extreme form of pulmonary hypoplasia in a neonate, characterized by total failure of development of terminal respiratory units. This pregnancy was marked by spontaneous demise of a co-twin at 14 weeks of gestation (WG), as well as by positive PCR for EV (Echovirus 11 serotype) in the amniotic fluid, performed for moderate pericardial effusion at 22WG. No signs of cardiac disease were further observed, but at 32WG a bilateral abnormal lung development was noticed After spontaneous delivery at 38WG, the child could not be resuscitated, and died at one hour after birth. Pulmonary hypoplasia is usually described following decrease intrapulmonary pressure due to oligohydramnios or compression due to intrathoracic mass of variable cause. However, rare cases of primary pulmonary hypoplasia are also described and usually of unknown etiology. The coexistence in our case of a congenital EV infection and a severe primary pulmonary hypoplasia with congenital acinar aplasia, challenges our understanding of the pathogenesis of this severe pulmonary growth arrest.
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42
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Siafakas N, Goudesidou M, Gaitana K, Gounaris A, Velegraki A, Pantelidi K, Zerva L, Petinaki E. Successful control of an echovirus 6 meningitis outbreak in a neonatal intensive care unit in central Greece. Am J Infect Control 2013; 41:1125-8. [PMID: 23706831 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajic.2013.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2013] [Revised: 02/13/2013] [Accepted: 02/13/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
We report an outbreak of echovirus 6 meningitis in a neonatal intensive care unit in central Greece from July to August 2011. The most probable source of the outbreak was a mother; during hospitalization, her neonate was initially infected, followed by 7 more. Stricter infection control measures were implemented, and no other cases have been observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaos Siafakas
- Laboratory of Clinical Microbiology, "ATTIKON" Hospital, University of Athens, Greece
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43
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Xiao H, Guan D, Chen R, Chen P, Monagin C, Li W, Su J, Ma C, Zhang W, Ke C. Molecular characterization of echovirus 30-associated outbreak of aseptic meningitis in Guangdong in 2012. Virol J 2013; 10:263. [PMID: 23968330 PMCID: PMC4016494 DOI: 10.1186/1743-422x-10-263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2013] [Accepted: 08/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Evaluation of the primary etiologic agents that cause aseptic meningitis outbreaks may provide valuable information regarding the prevention and management of aseptic meningitis. An outbreak of aseptic meningitis occurred from May to June, 2012, in Guangdong Province, China. In order to determine the etiologic agent, CSF specimens from 121 children hospitalized for aseptic meningitis at Luoding People’s Hospital of Guangdong Province were tested for virus isolation and identification. Results Enterovirus RNA was positive in 62.0% of 121 CSF sspecimens by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Amplification and sequencing of the VP1 region of enterovirus isolates revealed Echovirus 30 (E30) was the most common isolated serotype (80% of 40 enterovirus strains).For the molecular characterization of the E30 isolates, the VP1 gene sequence of 20 Luoding E30 isolates was compared pairwise using the MegAlign with reference strains from GenBank. The pairwise comparison of the nucleotide sequences of the VP1 genes demonstrated that the sequences of the strains differed from those of lineage groups C, D, E, F, and G. Reconstruction of the phylogenetic tree based on the VP1 nucleotide sequences resulted in a monophyletic tree, with seven clustered lineage groups. Most of the isolates were segregated from other lineage groups. Four E30 isolates causing this outbreak aggregated into the Lineage A cluster which was derived from E30 strains that circulated in other regions of China from 2003–2010. Conclusions This study demonstrated the Luoding strains were a distinct lineage of E30, and a probable cause of this outbreak. The study also demonstrated that different E30 variants existed in the local meningitis outbreak.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Changwen Ke
- Key Laboratory for Emergency Pathogen Detection, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 511430, Guangdong, China.
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44
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Emergence, circulation, and spatiotemporal phylogenetic analysis of coxsackievirus a6- and coxsackievirus a10-associated hand, foot, and mouth disease infections from 2008 to 2012 in Shenzhen, China. J Clin Microbiol 2013; 51:3560-6. [PMID: 23966496 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.01231-13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Sporadic hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) outbreaks and other infectious diseases in recent years have frequently been associated with certain human enterovirus (HEV) serotypes. This study explored the prevalences and genetic characteristics of non-HEV71 and non-coxsackievirus A16 (CV-A16) human enterovirus-associated HFMD infections in Shenzhen, China. A total of 2,411 clinical stool specimens were collected from hospital-based surveillance for HFMD from 2008 to 2012. The detection of HEV was performed by real-time reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) and RT-seminested PCR, and spatiotemporal phylogenetic analysis was performed based on the VP1 genes. A total of 1,803 (74.8%) strains comprising 28 different serotypes were detected. In the past 5 years, the predominant serotypes were HEV71 (60.0%), followed by CV-A16 (21.2%) and two uncommon serotypes, CV-A6 (13.0%) and CV-A10 (3.3%). However, CV-A6 replaced CV-A16 as the second most common serotype between 2010 and 2012. As an emerging pathogen, CV-A6 became as common a causative agent of HFMD as HEV71 in Shenzhen in 2012. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that little variation occurred in the Chinese HEV71 and CV-A16 strains. The genetic characteristics of the Chinese CV-A6 and CV-A10 strains displayed geographic differences. The CV-A6 and CV-A10 strains circulating in Shenzhen likely originated in Europe. It was found that human enteroviruses have a high mutation rate due to evolutionary pressure and frequent recombination (3.2 × 10(-3) to 6.4 ×10(-3) substitutions per site per year for HEV71, CV-A6, CV-A16, and CV-A10). Since certain serotypes are potential threats to the public health, this study provides further insights into the significance of the epidemiological surveillance of HFMD.
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Hyeon JY, Hwang S, Kim H, Song J, Ahn J, Kang B, Kim K, Choi W, Chung JK, Kim CH, Cho K, Jee Y, Kim J, Kim K, Kim SH, Kim MJ, Cheon DS. Accuracy of Diagnostic Methods and Surveillance Sensitivity for Human Enterovirus, South Korea, 1999–2011. Emerg Infect Dis 2013. [DOI: 10.3201/eid1908.130496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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46
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Smura T, Kakkola L, Blomqvist S, Klemola P, Parsons A, Kallio-Kokko H, Savolainen-Kopra C, Kainov DE, Roivainen M. Molecular evolution and epidemiology of echovirus 6 in Finland. INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2013; 16:234-47. [DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2013.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2012] [Revised: 01/10/2013] [Accepted: 02/05/2013] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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47
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Chen P, Tao Z, Song Y, Liu G, Wang H, Liu Y, Song L, Li Y, Lin X, Cui N, Xu A. A coxsackievirus B5-associated aseptic meningitis outbreak in Shandong Province, China in 2009. J Med Virol 2012; 85:483-9. [PMID: 23212939 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.23478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/31/2012] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
In 2009, a major outbreak of aseptic meningitis was noted in Linyi city, Shandong province, China. From June to September 2009, a total of 2,104 cases were involved in this outbreak, and 98.6% of patients were <16 years of age. To determine the pathogen of the outbreak, 42 cerebrospinal fluid specimens collected from aseptic meningitis cases were tested for cell culture, and 17 (40.5%) enteroviruses were isolated and identified as Coxsackievirus B5 (CVB5). Homologous comparison indicated that these isolates had 0-7.7% nucleotide divergence with each other. Phylogenetic reconstruction showed global CVB5 could be separated into four genogroups, and all Linyi CVB5 isolates belonged to the genogroup C which had been circulating for recent 27 years in Asia and Europe. Interestingly, two distinct lineages were observed for the 17 isolates in the phylogenetic tree, indicating that at least two different transmission chains of CVB5 were responsible for this outbreak. This study showed that CVB5-associated aseptic meningitis is an emerging concern in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Chen
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan, China
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48
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Molecular identification of enteroviruses associated with aseptic meningitis in children from India. Arch Virol 2012; 158:211-5. [PMID: 22975986 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-012-1476-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2012] [Accepted: 07/29/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
We identified and characterized enteroviruses associated with aseptic meningitis in children between April 2009 and March 2010. Enterovirus RNA was detected in 51 (45.5 %) of 112 CSF samples. Molecular typing by RT-PCR and sequencing of a partial VP1 region revealed the predominance of echovirus (ECV) 32 (n = 20), followed by ECV 11 (n = 10), ECV 13 and ECV 14 (n = 5 each), coxsackievirus (CV) B3 and CV B6 (n = 3 each), CV A2, CV A10 and ECV 30 (n = 1 each). Phylogenetic analysis of ECV 32 showed 0 to 4 % sequence divergence among strains of the present study and 20-23 % from the prototype Puerto Rico strain at the nucleotide level. This is the first report of ECV 32 associated with an aseptic meningitis epidemic and identification of seven different enterovirus serotypes (CV A2, CV A10, CV B3, CV B6, ECV 13, ECV 14 and ECV 32) in meningitis cases from India.
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49
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Farcy C, Mirand A, Marque Juillet S, Henquell C, Neulier C, Foucaud P, Peigue-Lafeuille H. [Enterovirus nosocomial infections in a neonatal care unit: from diagnosis to evidence, from a clinical observation of a central nervous system infection]. Arch Pediatr 2012; 19:921-6. [PMID: 22884744 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcped.2012.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2011] [Revised: 03/27/2012] [Accepted: 06/20/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Although enteroviruses generally cause asymptomatic or mild disease, neonates are at higher risk for severe illnesses, among which systemic disease characterized by multiorgan involvement is a potentially fatal condition. Enterovirus neonatal infections may be the source of nosocomial infections in neonatology or in pediatric intensive care units. We report central nervous system infections due to Echovirus 11 in two neonates and the molecular evidence of nosocomial transmission of this strain in a neonatal unit by enterovirus genotyping and phylogenetic analysis. This report illustrates the importance of including enterovirus genome detection in the sepsis screening concomitantly with bacteriological investigations performed at admission of a neonate. Rapid diagnosis and subsequent genotyping could have a beneficial impact on clinical practices at the individual level (reducing the length of antibiotic therapy) and public health policy at the collective level by reinforcing hygiene measures to prevent nosocomial infections, with nurseries and neonatal units being at greater risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Farcy
- Service de pédiatrie néonatologie, centre hospitalier de Versailles, hôpital André-Mignot, 177, rue de Versailles, 78150 Le Chesnay, France
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50
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Evaluation of two (semi-)nested VP1 based-PCRs for typing enteroviruses directly from cerebral spinal fluid samples. J Virol Methods 2012; 185:228-33. [PMID: 22796036 DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2012.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2012] [Revised: 06/28/2012] [Accepted: 07/04/2012] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Human enteroviruses (EVs) are the leading cause of CNS-associated disease in childhood. Identification of the EV types that patients are infected with is essential for monitoring outbreaks, the emergence of new types or variants, epidemiological surveillance and contributes to patient management. Rapid and sensitive molecular detection methods are frequently used to detect EVs/HPeVs directly from CSF. This requires that sensitive EV typing methods from CSF material need to be developed. In the present study two nested PCR-based typing assays were evaluated. The performance of the EV-A and -B specific nested PCR protocol and the Codehop-based PCR protocol were analyzed with several TCID(50)-titrated EV-A to D strains and 22 EV positive CSF samples. The EV-A and -B protocol was found to be more sensitive than the Codehop protocol. The Codehop protocol showed a high degree of aspecific amplification products when run on a gel, and required additional gel purification. The detection limit of the two protocols varied between the types, ranging from 0.1TCID(50)/mL sample to 10(6)TCID(50)/mL sample. From the 22 EV positive CSF samples, 15 (68%) samples were typed using either protocol. All samples were characterized as members of species B (E30 (9), CAV9 (2), E6 (1), E11 (1), E21 (1), E25 (1)). Three samples (E30 (2) and E25 (1)) could only be typed using the EV-B protocol. In this study, selected EV strains could be typed using both assays at low virus concentrations, typically found in CSF. However, the EV-A and -B protocol was more sensitive than the Codehop protocol for primary typing of CSF samples.
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