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Draghi S, Fehri NE, Ateş F, Özsobacı NP, Tarhan D, Bilgiç B, Dokuzeylül B, Yaramış ÇP, Ercan AM, Or ME, Cagnardi P, Brecchia G, Curone G, Di Cesare F. Use of Hair as Matrix for Trace Elements Biomonitoring in Cattle and Roe Deer Sharing Pastures in Northern Italy. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:2209. [PMID: 39123735 PMCID: PMC11311060 DOI: 10.3390/ani14152209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2024] [Revised: 07/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Intensive cattle breeding's environmental challenges are prompting shifts to extensive, pasture-based systems, influencing nutrient and pollutant uptake. PTEs are essential and non-essential elements, regularly found in the environment and organisms, and in which unbalances lead to health issues. Hair analysis, a non-invasive method, provides retrospective PTE exposure evaluation. This study aims to understand exposure and species-specific accumulation patterns of PTEs in cattle and roe deer sharing pastures in Northern Italy using the hair analysis. Aluminum, As, Cd, Cr, Ni, Pb, Cu, Mg, Fe, and Zn were quantified through the use of ICP-OES. Findings show As levels significantly higher in roe deer due to their selective feeding, while Cd and Pb levels align with other studies. Essential elements like Cu, Fe, and Zn are lower in cattle, possibly due to diet differences. Higher Cr and Ni levels in cattle suggest contamination or physiological differences in accumulation patterns. In conclusion, hair analysis is valuable for monitoring environmental PTE exposure, highlighting significant interspecies differences and the potential of both animals as bioindicators in shared grazing areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanna Draghi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of Milan, 26900 Lodi, Italy; (N.E.F.); (P.C.); (G.B.); (F.D.C.)
| | - Nour Elhouda Fehri
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of Milan, 26900 Lodi, Italy; (N.E.F.); (P.C.); (G.B.); (F.D.C.)
| | - Fatma Ateş
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul Beykent University, Istanbul 34398, Turkey;
| | - Nural Pastacı Özsobacı
- Department of Biophysics, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Fatih, Istanbul 34098, Turkey; (N.P.Ö.); (A.M.E.)
| | - Duygu Tarhan
- Department of Biophysics, School of Medicine, Bahcesehir University, Istanbul 34734, Turkey;
| | - Bengü Bilgiç
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul 34320, Turkey; (B.B.); (B.D.); (M.E.O.)
| | - Banu Dokuzeylül
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul 34320, Turkey; (B.B.); (B.D.); (M.E.O.)
| | - Çağla Parkan Yaramış
- Department of Plant and Animal Production, Vocational School of Veterinary Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul 34320, Turkey;
| | - Alev Meltem Ercan
- Department of Biophysics, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Fatih, Istanbul 34098, Turkey; (N.P.Ö.); (A.M.E.)
| | - Mehmet Erman Or
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul 34320, Turkey; (B.B.); (B.D.); (M.E.O.)
| | - Petra Cagnardi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of Milan, 26900 Lodi, Italy; (N.E.F.); (P.C.); (G.B.); (F.D.C.)
| | - Gabriele Brecchia
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of Milan, 26900 Lodi, Italy; (N.E.F.); (P.C.); (G.B.); (F.D.C.)
| | - Giulio Curone
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of Milan, 26900 Lodi, Italy; (N.E.F.); (P.C.); (G.B.); (F.D.C.)
| | - Federica Di Cesare
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of Milan, 26900 Lodi, Italy; (N.E.F.); (P.C.); (G.B.); (F.D.C.)
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Sévêque A, Lonsinger RC, Waits LP, Brzeski KE, Komoroske LM, Ott-Conn CN, Mayhew SL, Norton DC, Petroelje TR, Swenson JD, Morin DJ. Sources of bias in applying close-kin mark-recapture to terrestrial game species with different life histories. Ecology 2024; 105:e4244. [PMID: 38272487 DOI: 10.1002/ecy.4244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Close-kin mark-recapture (CKMR) is a method analogous to traditional mark-recapture but without requiring recapture of individuals. Instead, multilocus genotypes (genetic marks) are used to identify related individuals in one or more sampling occasions, which enables the opportunistic use of samples from harvested wildlife. To apply the method accurately, it is important to build appropriate CKMR models that do not violate assumptions linked to the species' and population's biology and sampling methods. In this study, we evaluated the implications of fitting overly simplistic CKMR models to populations with complex reproductive success dynamics or selective sampling. We used forward-in-time, individual-based simulations to evaluate the accuracy and precision of CKMR abundance and survival estimates in species with different longevities, mating systems, and sampling strategies. Simulated populations approximated a range of life histories among game species of North America with lethal sampling to evaluate the potential of using harvested samples to estimate population size. Our simulations show that CKMR can yield nontrivial biases in both survival and abundance estimates, unless influential life history traits and selective sampling are explicitly accounted for in the modeling framework. The number of kin pairs observed in the sample, in combination with the type of kinship used in the model (parent-offspring pairs and/or half-sibling pairs), can affect the precision and/or accuracy of the estimates. CKMR is a promising method that will likely see an increasing number of applications in the field as costs of genetic analysis continue to decline. Our work highlights the importance of applying population-specific CKMR models that consider relevant demographic parameters, individual covariates, and the protocol through which individuals were sampled.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Sévêque
- Department of Wildlife, Fisheries and Aquaculture, Forest and Wildlife Research Center, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi, USA
| | - Robert C Lonsinger
- U.S. Geological Survey, Oklahoma Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Lisette P Waits
- Department of Fish and Wildlife Resources, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho, USA
| | - Kristin E Brzeski
- College of Forest Resources and Environment Science, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, Michigan, USA
| | - Lisa M Komoroske
- Department of Environmental Conservation, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Caitlin N Ott-Conn
- Wildlife Division, Michigan Department of Natural Resources, Marquette, Michigan, USA
| | - Sarah L Mayhew
- Wildlife Division, Michigan Department of Natural Resources, Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - D Cody Norton
- Wildlife Division, Michigan Department of Natural Resources, Marquette, Michigan, USA
| | - Tyler R Petroelje
- Wildlife Division, Michigan Department of Natural Resources, Marquette, Michigan, USA
| | - John D Swenson
- Department of Environmental Conservation, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Dana J Morin
- Department of Wildlife, Fisheries and Aquaculture, Forest and Wildlife Research Center, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi, USA
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3
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Draghi S, Curone G, Pavlovic R, Di Cesare F, Cagnardi P, Fornesi Silva C, Pellegrini A, Riva F, Arioli F, Fidani M. Influence of Area, Age and Sex on Per- and Polyfluorinated Alkyl Substances Detected in Roe Deer Muscle and Liver from Selected Areas of Northern Italy. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:529. [PMID: 38396499 PMCID: PMC10885967 DOI: 10.3390/ani14040529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Due to their physicochemical properties, per- and polyfluorinated alkyl substances (PFASs) persist and bioaccumulate in living organisms, causing adverse health effects. Since exposure to xenobiotics is influenced by factors related to both the living organism and the considered compounds, biomonitoring PFASs' presence in the environment is of crucial importance. This study aimed to detect and quantify 15 PFASs in the muscle and liver of 40 roe deer from a specific area in Northern Italy by UPLC-HRMS. In the roe deer, liver PFAS concentrations were higher than those seen in muscle (p < 0.05). Although PFAS content in animals from urbanized areas was higher than those found in deer from rural areas, this difference was not statistically significant. In female roe deer, the concentration was higher than in males (p < 0.05); moreover, older animals showed higher concentrations of PFASs in the liver than younger animals (p < 0.05). In conclusion, the amount of PFASs was higher in tissues from roe deer belonging to urbanized areas, showing that this species might serve as a good bioindicator due to its territorial behavior. PFAS content was significantly higher in female roe deer, although the reason is not fully known. Finally, PFAS concentration was higher in the liver of older animals, probably due to compromised hepatic function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanna Draghi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of Milan, Via dell’Università 6, 26900 Lodi, Italy; (S.D.); (G.C.); (P.C.); (F.R.); (F.A.)
| | - Giulio Curone
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of Milan, Via dell’Università 6, 26900 Lodi, Italy; (S.D.); (G.C.); (P.C.); (F.R.); (F.A.)
| | - Radmila Pavlovic
- Proteomics and Metabolomics Facility (ProMeFa), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 60, 20132 Milan, Italy;
| | - Federica Di Cesare
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of Milan, Via dell’Università 6, 26900 Lodi, Italy; (S.D.); (G.C.); (P.C.); (F.R.); (F.A.)
| | - Petra Cagnardi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of Milan, Via dell’Università 6, 26900 Lodi, Italy; (S.D.); (G.C.); (P.C.); (F.R.); (F.A.)
| | - Claudia Fornesi Silva
- UNIRELAB S.r.l., Via Gramsci 70, 20019 Settimo Milanese, Italy; (C.F.S.); (A.P.); (M.F.)
| | - Alberto Pellegrini
- UNIRELAB S.r.l., Via Gramsci 70, 20019 Settimo Milanese, Italy; (C.F.S.); (A.P.); (M.F.)
| | - Federica Riva
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of Milan, Via dell’Università 6, 26900 Lodi, Italy; (S.D.); (G.C.); (P.C.); (F.R.); (F.A.)
| | - Francesco Arioli
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of Milan, Via dell’Università 6, 26900 Lodi, Italy; (S.D.); (G.C.); (P.C.); (F.R.); (F.A.)
| | - Marco Fidani
- UNIRELAB S.r.l., Via Gramsci 70, 20019 Settimo Milanese, Italy; (C.F.S.); (A.P.); (M.F.)
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Carbillet J, Hollain M, Rey B, Palme R, Pellerin M, Regis C, Geffré A, Duhayer J, Pardonnet S, Debias F, Merlet J, Lemaître JF, Verheyden H, Gilot-Fromont E. Age and spatio-temporal variations in food resources modulate stress-immunity relationships in three populations of wild roe deer. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2023; 330:114141. [PMID: 36272446 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2022.114141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Living in variable and unpredictable environments, organisms face recurrent stressful situations. The endocrine stress response, which includes the secretion of glucocorticoids, helps organisms to cope with these perturbations. Although short-term elevations of glucocorticoid levels are often associated with immediate beneficial consequences for individuals, long-term glucocorticoid elevation can compromise key physiological functions such as immunity. While laboratory works highlighted the immunosuppressive effect of long-term elevated glucocorticoids, it remains largely unknown, especially in wild animals, whether this relationship is modulated by individual and environmental characteristics. In this study, we explored the co-variation between integrated cortisol levels, assessed non-invasively using faecal cortisol metabolites (FCMs), and 12 constitutive indices of innate, inflammatory, and adaptive immune functions, in wild roe deer living in three populations with previously known contrasting environmental conditions. Using longitudinal data on 564 individuals, we further investigated whether age and spatio-temporal variations in the quantity and quality of food resources modulate the relationship between FCMs and immunity. Negative covariation with glucocorticoids was evident only for innate and inflammatory markers of immunity, while adaptive immunity appeared to be positively or not linked to glucocorticoids. In addition, the negative covariations were generally stronger in individuals facing harsh environmental constraints and in old individuals. Therefore, our results highlight the importance of measuring multiple immune markers of immunity in individuals from contrasted environments to unravel the complex relationships between glucocorticoids and immunity in wild animals. Our results also help explain conflicting results found in the literature and could improve our understanding of the link between elevated glucocorticoid levels and disease spread, and its consequences on population dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey Carbillet
- Université de Toulouse, INRAE, CEFS, Castanet Tolosan, 31326, France; LTSER ZA PYRénées GARonne, Auzeville-Tolosane, 31320, France; Université de Lyon, VetAgro Sup, Marcy-l'Etoile, 69280, France; Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Tartu 51014, Estonia.
| | - Marine Hollain
- Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, UMR CNRS 5558, Villeurbanne Cedex 69100, France; Office Français de la biodiversité, Direction de la Recherche et de l'Appui Scientifique, Service Conservation et Gestion Durable des Espèces Exploitées, Chateauvillain 52210, France
| | - Benjamin Rey
- Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, UMR CNRS 5558, Villeurbanne Cedex 69100, France
| | - Rupert Palme
- Unit of Physiology, Pathophysiology, and Experimental Endocrinology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna 1210, Austria
| | - Maryline Pellerin
- Office Français de la biodiversité, Direction de la Recherche et de l'Appui Scientifique, Service Conservation et Gestion Durable des Espèces Exploitées, Chateauvillain 52210, France
| | - Corinne Regis
- Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, UMR CNRS 5558, Villeurbanne Cedex 69100, France
| | - Anne Geffré
- Equipe de Biologie médicale-Histologie, CREFRE, Inserm-UPS-ENVT, Toulouse 31000, France
| | - Jeanne Duhayer
- Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, UMR CNRS 5558, Villeurbanne Cedex 69100, France
| | - Sylvia Pardonnet
- Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, UMR CNRS 5558, Villeurbanne Cedex 69100, France
| | - François Debias
- Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, UMR CNRS 5558, Villeurbanne Cedex 69100, France
| | - Joël Merlet
- Université de Toulouse, INRAE, CEFS, Castanet Tolosan, 31326, France; LTSER ZA PYRénées GARonne, Auzeville-Tolosane, 31320, France
| | | | - Hélène Verheyden
- Université de Toulouse, INRAE, CEFS, Castanet Tolosan, 31326, France; LTSER ZA PYRénées GARonne, Auzeville-Tolosane, 31320, France
| | - Emmanuelle Gilot-Fromont
- Université de Lyon, VetAgro Sup, Marcy-l'Etoile, 69280, France; Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, UMR CNRS 5558, Villeurbanne Cedex 69100, France
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Lemaître J, Rey B, Gaillard J, Régis C, Gilot‐Fromont E, Débias F, Duhayer J, Pardonnet S, Pellerin M, Haghani A, Zoller JA, Li CZ, Horvath S. DNA methylation as a tool to explore ageing in wild roe deer populations. Mol Ecol Resour 2022; 22:1002-1015. [PMID: 34665921 PMCID: PMC9297961 DOI: 10.1111/1755-0998.13533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
DNA methylation-based biomarkers of ageing (epigenetic clocks) promise to lead to new insights into evolutionary biology of ageing. Relatively little is known about how the natural environment affects epigenetic ageing effects in wild species. In this study, we took advantage of a unique long-term (>40 years) longitudinal monitoring of individual roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) living in two wild populations (Chizé and Trois-Fontaines, France) facing different ecological contexts, to investigate the relationship between chronological age and levels of DNA methylation (DNAm). We generated novel DNA methylation data from n = 94 blood samples, from which we extracted leucocyte DNA, using a custom methylation array (HorvathMammalMethylChip40). We present three DNA methylation-based estimators of age (DNAm or epigenetic age), which were trained in males, females, and both sexes combined. We investigated how sex differences influenced the relationship between DNAm age and chronological age using sex-specific epigenetic clocks. Our results highlight that old females may display a lower degree of biological ageing than males. Further, we identify the main sites of epigenetic alteration that have distinct ageing patterns between the two sexes. These findings open the door to promising avenues of research at the crossroads of evolutionary biology and biogerontology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean‐François Lemaître
- Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie EvolutiveUMR5558Université de LyonUniversité Lyon 1CNRSVilleurbanneFrance
| | - Benjamin Rey
- Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie EvolutiveUMR5558Université de LyonUniversité Lyon 1CNRSVilleurbanneFrance
| | - Jean‐Michel Gaillard
- Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie EvolutiveUMR5558Université de LyonUniversité Lyon 1CNRSVilleurbanneFrance
| | - Corinne Régis
- Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie EvolutiveUMR5558Université de LyonUniversité Lyon 1CNRSVilleurbanneFrance
| | - Emmanuelle Gilot‐Fromont
- Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie EvolutiveUMR5558Université de LyonUniversité Lyon 1CNRSVilleurbanneFrance
- Université de LyonVetAgro SupMarcy‐l'EtoileFrance
| | - François Débias
- Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie EvolutiveUMR5558Université de LyonUniversité Lyon 1CNRSVilleurbanneFrance
| | - Jeanne Duhayer
- Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie EvolutiveUMR5558Université de LyonUniversité Lyon 1CNRSVilleurbanneFrance
| | - Sylvia Pardonnet
- Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie EvolutiveUMR5558Université de LyonUniversité Lyon 1CNRSVilleurbanneFrance
| | - Maryline Pellerin
- Direction de la Recherche et de l'Appui ScientifiqueOffice Français de la BiodiversitéUnité Ongulés SauvagesGapFrance
| | - Amin Haghani
- Human GeneticsDavid Geffen School of MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaLos Angeles CaliforniaUSA
| | - Joseph A. Zoller
- Department of BiostatisticsFielding School of Public HealthUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
| | - Caesar Z. Li
- Department of BiostatisticsFielding School of Public HealthUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
| | - Steve Horvath
- Human GeneticsDavid Geffen School of MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaLos Angeles CaliforniaUSA
- Department of BiostatisticsFielding School of Public HealthUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
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Foley AM, Lewis JS, Cortez O, Hellickson MW, Hewitt DG, DeYoung RW, DeYoung CA, Schnupp MJ. Accuracies and biases of ageing white-tailed deer in semiarid environments. WILDLIFE RESEARCH 2021. [DOI: 10.1071/wr21050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Abstract Context The ability to accurately estimate age of animals is important for both research and management. The two methods for age estimation in ungulates are tooth replacement and wear (TRW) and cementum annuli (CA). Errors in estimated TRW ages are commonly attributed to environmental conditions; however, the influence of environmental variables on tooth wear has not been quantified. Further, the performance of CA in environments with weak seasonality has not been thoroughly evaluated. Aims The study had the following three goals: identify environmental and morphological factors that influenced estimated ages, quantify accuracy of TRW and CA, and develop TRW ageing criteria that minimise error. Methods We used data from harvested (n = 5117) and free-ranging, known-age white-tailed deer (n = 134) collected in southern Texas, USA, to quantify environmental and morphological influences on estimated TRW ages, and assess biases in both methods. Key results We observed substantial variation in age estimates for both TRW and CA. Soil, drought and supplemental nutrition had minor effects on tooth wear, insufficient to alter age estimates by ≥1 year. Body mass and antler size influenced age estimates for TRW only for extreme outliers. Both methods were biased and tended to under-estimate ages of adult deer, especially TRW. Wear on the first molar was most correlated with the known age (r2 = 0.78) and allowed biologists to correctly place known-age deer into age classes of 2, 3–5, and ≥6 years old 72%, 73% and 68% of the time, an improvement compared with the 79%, 48% and 28% accuracy from pooled TRW. Conclusions We observed substantial inter- and intra-individual variation in tooth-wear patterns that became more pronounced in older deer. Individual variation had a greater influence on TRW ages than did environmental covariates, whereas CA ages appeared unaffected by environment. Although variable, age estimates were ±1 year of the true age 87% and 93% of the time for TRW and CA respectively. Implications Managers, ecologists and epidemiologists often incorporate ages into population models. The high inter-individual variation in estimated ages, the tendency to underestimate ages of older deer, and the ageing method need to be considered.
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Evaluation of novel genomic markers for pedigree construction in an isolated population of Weddell Seals (Leptonychotes weddellii) at White Island, Antarctica. CONSERV GENET RESOUR 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12686-021-01237-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Chirichella R, De Marinis AM, Pokorny B, Apollonio M. Dentition and body condition: tooth wear as a correlate of weight loss in roe deer. Front Zool 2021; 18:47. [PMID: 34544436 PMCID: PMC8454088 DOI: 10.1186/s12983-021-00433-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In many mammalian species, once the permanent teeth have erupted, the only change to dentition is a gradual loss of tooth surface/height through wear. The crown of the teeth cannot be repaired once worn. When dental crown tissue has been depleted due to wear, the animal is expected to have a suboptimal body condition. We evaluated the role of tooth wear in causing a reduction of physical condition in adult roe deer females (Capreolus capreolus). Results The progressive wearing of the lower cheek teeth was assessed in a Northern Apennines (Italy) population with a new scoring scheme based on objectively described tooth characteristics (morphotypes) being either present or absent. Eviscerated body mass and mandible length, which is a good proxy for body size in roe deer, were related to the tooth wear score by the use of linear regressions. The sum of wear scores for molariform teeth correlated most strongly with body condition (i.e., eviscerated body mass/mandible length), showing the importance of the entire chewing surface for acquiring energy by food comminution, chewing, and digestion. In comparison with individuals of comparable size experiencing minor tooth wear, the body mass of those with the most advanced stage of tooth wear was decreased by 33.7%. This method was compared to the height and the hypsodonty index of the first molar, the most commonly used indices of tooth wear. The sum of molariform wear scoring scheme resulted in a more suitable index to describe the variation in body condition of roe deer. Conclusions Describing tooth wear patterns in hunted populations and monitoring at which tooth wear level (and therefore dental morphotype) an animal is no longer able to sustain its physical condition (i.e. when it begins to lose body mass) can be a useful tool for improving the management of the most widespread and abundant deer species in Europe. At the same time, such an approach can clarify the role of tooth wear as a proximate cause of senescence in ungulates. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12983-021-00433-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Chirichella
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sassari, Via Vienna 2, 07100, Sassari, Italy.
| | - Anna Maria De Marinis
- Italian Institute for Environmental Protection and Research (ISPRA), Via Ca' Fornacetta 9, 40064, Ozzano dell'Emilia (BO), Italy
| | - Boštjan Pokorny
- Environmental Protection College, Trg mladosti 7, 3320, Velenje, Slovenia.,Slovenian Forestry Institute, Večna pot 2, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Marco Apollonio
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sassari, Via Vienna 2, 07100, Sassari, Italy
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van den Berg M, Loonen MJJE, Çakırlar C. Judging a reindeer by its teeth: A user-friendly tooth wear and eruption pattern recording scheme to estimate age-at-death in reindeer ( Rangifer tarandus). INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OSTEOARCHAEOLOGY 2021; 31:417-428. [PMID: 34220177 PMCID: PMC8248135 DOI: 10.1002/oa.2961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Reindeer (Rangifer tarandus) have shaped the cultures and provided livelihood to peoples of the Northern Hemisphere for thousands of years. They are still the socio-economic cornerstone of many northern cultures. Insight into reindeer mortality patterns is important for understanding past human-reindeer interactions and reindeer population fluctuations in relation to climatic and environmental change. Beyond archaeology, assessing the age structures of modern reindeer populations is important for developing wildlife management strategies. This paper presents a quick, non-destructive and cheap method to estimate age in reindeer in both modern and ancient populations based on tooth wear and eruption patterns of mandibular teeth. We devised the method using a large sample of Svalbard reindeer (Rangifer tarandus platyrhynchus) of known age. We blind-tested the method and tested its applicability on another known-age Svalbard reindeer mandible assemblage. The tests demonstrate our methods' user-friendliness and reliability to generate reproducible, reusable datasets and accuracy in estimating reindeer age-at-death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathilde van den Berg
- Groningen Institute of ArchaeologyUniversity of GroningenGroningenNetherlands
- Department of ArchaeologyUniversity of OuluOuluFinland
| | - Maarten J. J. E. Loonen
- Groningen Institute of Archaeology, Arctic CentreUniversity of GroningenGroningenNetherlands
| | - Canan Çakırlar
- Groningen Institute of ArchaeologyUniversity of GroningenGroningenNetherlands
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10
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Sergeyev M, McMillan BR, Hersey KR, Larsen RT. How Size and Condition Influence Survival and Cause‐Specific Mortality of Female Elk. J Wildl Manage 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/jwmg.22000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maksim Sergeyev
- Department of Plant and Wildlife Sciences Brigham Young University Provo UT 84604 USA
| | - Brock R. McMillan
- Department of Plant and Wildlife Sciences Brigham Young University Provo UT 84604 USA
| | - Kent R. Hersey
- Utah Division of Wildlife Resources Salt Lake City UT 84116 USA
| | - Randy T. Larsen
- Department of Plant and Wildlife Sciences Brigham Young University Provo UT 84604 USA
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Hewison AJM, Gaillard JM, Morellet N, Cagnacci F, Debeffe L, Cargnelutti B, Gehr B, Kröschel M, Heurich M, Coulon A, Kjellander P, Börger L, Focardi S. Sex differences in condition dependence of natal dispersal in a large herbivore: dispersal propensity and distance are decoupled. Proc Biol Sci 2021; 288:20202947. [PMID: 33715424 PMCID: PMC7944087 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2020.2947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Evolution should favour plasticity in dispersal decisions in response to spatial heterogeneity in social and environmental contexts. Sex differences in individual optimization of dispersal decisions are poorly documented in mammals, because species where both sexes commonly disperse are rare. To elucidate the sex-specific drivers governing dispersal, we investigated sex differences in condition dependence in the propensity and distance of natal dispersal in one such species, the roe deer, using fine-scale monitoring of 146 GPS-collared juveniles in an intensively monitored population in southwest France. Dispersal propensity increased with body mass in males such that 36% of light individuals dispersed, whereas 62% of heavy individuals did so, but there was no evidence for condition dependence in dispersal propensity among females. By contrast, dispersal distance increased with body mass at a similar rate in both sexes such that heavy dispersers travelled around twice as far as light dispersers. Sex differences in the strength of condition-dependent dispersal may result from different selection pressures acting on the behaviour of males and females. We suggest that females disperse prior to habitat saturation being reached, likely in relation to the risk of inbreeding. By contrast, natal dispersal in males is likely governed by competitive exclusion through male-male competition for breeding opportunities in this strongly territorial mammal. Our study is, to our knowledge, a first demonstration that condition dependence in dispersal propensity and dispersal distance may be decoupled, indicating contrasting selection pressures drive the behavioural decisions of whether or not to leave the natal range, and where to settle.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. J. M. Hewison
- Université de Toulouse, INRAE, CEFS, 31326 Castanet Tolosan, France; and LTSER ZA PYRénées GARonne, 31320 Auzeville Tolosane, France
| | - J.-M. Gaillard
- Univ Lyon, Université Lyon 1; CNRS, Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive UMR5558, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France
| | - N. Morellet
- Université de Toulouse, INRAE, CEFS, 31326 Castanet Tolosan, France; and LTSER ZA PYRénées GARonne, 31320 Auzeville Tolosane, France
| | - F. Cagnacci
- Department of Biodiversity and Molecular Ecology, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Trentino, Italy
| | - L. Debeffe
- Université de Toulouse, INRAE, CEFS, 31326 Castanet Tolosan, France; and LTSER ZA PYRénées GARonne, 31320 Auzeville Tolosane, France
| | - B. Cargnelutti
- Université de Toulouse, INRAE, CEFS, 31326 Castanet Tolosan, France; and LTSER ZA PYRénées GARonne, 31320 Auzeville Tolosane, France
| | - B. Gehr
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - M. Kröschel
- Forest Research Institute of Baden-Wuerttemberg, FVA-Wildlife Institute, Wonnhaldestraße 4, 79100 Freiburg; and University of Freiburg, Faculty of Environment and Natural Resources, Chair of Wildlife Ecology and Management, Tennenbacher Straße 4, Freiburg, DE 79106, Germany
| | - M. Heurich
- Faculty of Environment and Natural Resources, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - A. Coulon
- Centre d'Ecologie et des Sciences de la Conservation (CESCO), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Sorbonne Université, CP 135, 57 rue Cuvier 75005 Paris, France
- CEFE, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, EPHE-Université PSL, IRD, Univ Paul Valéry Montpellier 3, MNHN, Montpellier, France
| | - P. Kjellander
- Grimsö Wildlife Research Station, Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Riddarhyttan, Sweden
| | - L. Börger
- Department of Biosciences, College of Science, Swansea University, Swansea SA2 8PP, UK
| | - S. Focardi
- Istituto dei Sistemi Complessi, CNR, via Madonna del Piano 10, Sesto Fiorentino 50019, Italy
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Malagnino A, Marchand P, Garel M, Cargnelutti B, Itty C, Chaval Y, Hewison A, Loison A, Morellet N. Do reproductive constraints or experience drive age-dependent space use in two large herbivores? Anim Behav 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anbehav.2020.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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13
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Carbillet J, Rey B, Palme R, Morellet N, Bonnot N, Chaval Y, Cargnelutti B, Hewison AJM, Gilot-Fromont E, Verheyden H. Under cover of the night: context-dependency of anthropogenic disturbance on stress levels of wild roe deer Capreolus capreolus. CONSERVATION PHYSIOLOGY 2020; 8:coaa086. [PMID: 32995004 PMCID: PMC7507870 DOI: 10.1093/conphys/coaa086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Wildlife populations are increasingly exposed to human-induced modifications of their habitats. To cope with anthropogenic stressors, animals can adjust their behaviour-for example, by shifting their activity to more sheltered habitats, or becoming more nocturnal. However, whether use of spatial and temporal adjustments in behaviour may regulate the endocrine response is poorly documented. Here, we analyzed faecal cortisol metabolites (FCMs) of wild roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) living in a human-dominated agro-ecosystem. Using Global Positioning System monitoring of 116 individuals, we assessed their spatial behaviour and tested whether proximity to anthropogenic structures (linear distance to built-up areas) and the use of refuge habitats (woodland and hedges) influenced FCM levels. In accordance with our predictions, individuals ranging closer to anthropogenic structures during daytime had higher FCM levels, but this relationship was buffered as use of refuge habitat increased. In addition, this link between proximity to anthropogenic structures and FCM levels disappeared when we analyzed spatial behaviour at night. Finally, FCM levels were higher when the ambient temperature was lower, and during years of low resource availability. Our results demonstrate that the stress levels of large mammals may be strongly influenced by their proximity to anthropogenic activities, but that these effects may be buffered by behavioural adjustments in terms of space use and circadian rhythm. Whereas most studies have focused on the influence of environmental heterogeneity, our analysis highlights the need to also consider the fine-scale spatial response of individuals when studying the hormonal response of wild animals to human disturbance. We emphasize the potential to mitigate this hormonal stress response, and its potential negative consequences on population dynamics, through the preservation or restoration of patches of refuge habitat in close proximity to human infrastructure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey Carbillet
- INRAE, CEFS, Université de Toulouse, F-31326, Castanet Tolosan, France
- VetAgro Sup Campus vétérinaire de Lyon, Université de Lyon, F-69280, Marcy-l’Etoile, France
| | - Benjamin Rey
- Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive UMR 5558, CNRS, Université Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Rupert Palme
- Unit of Physiology, Pathophysiology, and Experimental Endocrinology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, 1210, Austria
| | - Nicolas Morellet
- INRAE, CEFS, Université de Toulouse, F-31326, Castanet Tolosan, France
| | | | - Yannick Chaval
- INRAE, CEFS, Université de Toulouse, F-31326, Castanet Tolosan, France
| | - Bruno Cargnelutti
- INRAE, CEFS, Université de Toulouse, F-31326, Castanet Tolosan, France
| | - A J M Hewison
- INRAE, CEFS, Université de Toulouse, F-31326, Castanet Tolosan, France
| | - Emmanuelle Gilot-Fromont
- VetAgro Sup Campus vétérinaire de Lyon, Université de Lyon, F-69280, Marcy-l’Etoile, France
- Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive UMR 5558, CNRS, Université Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Hélène Verheyden
- INRAE, CEFS, Université de Toulouse, F-31326, Castanet Tolosan, France
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Apollonio M, Merli E, Chirichella R, Pokorny B, Alagić A, Flajšman K, Stephens PA. Capital-Income Breeding in Male Ungulates: Causes and Consequences of Strategy Differences Among Species. Front Ecol Evol 2020. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2020.521767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
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15
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Zini V, Wäber K, Dolman PM. Habitat quality, configuration and context effects on roe deer fecundity across a forested landscape mosaic. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0226666. [PMID: 31881043 PMCID: PMC6934308 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0226666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Effective landscape-scale management of source-sink deer populations will be strengthened by understanding whether local variation in habitat quality drives heterogeneity in productivity. We related female roe deer Capreolus capreolus fecundity and body mass to habitat composition and landscape context, separately for adults and yearlings, using multi-model inference (MMI) applied to a large sample of individuals (yearlings: fecundity = 202, body mass = 395; adults: fecundity = 908, body mass = 1669) culled during 2002-2015 from an extensive (195 km2) heterogeneous forest landscape. Adults were heavier (inter-quartile, IQ, effect size = +0.5kg) when culled in buffers comprising more arable lands while contrary to our prediction no effects on body mass of grassland, young forest or access to vegetation on calcareous soil were found. Heavier adults were more fertile (IQ effect size, +12% probability of having two embryos instead of one or zero). Counter-intuitively, adults with greater access to arable lands were less fecund (IQ effect of arable: -7% probability of having two embryos, instead of one or zero), and even accounting for greater body mass of adults with access to arable, their modelled fecundity was similar to or lower than that of adults in the forest interior. In contrast, effects of grassland, young forest and calcareous soil did not receive support. Yearling body mass had an effect on fecundity twice that found in adults (+23% probability of having one additional embryo), but yearling body mass and fecundity were not affected by any candidate habitat or landscape variables. Effect of arable lands on body mass and fecundity were small, with little variance explained (Coefficient of Variation of predicted fecundity across forest sub-regions = 0.03 for adults). More variance in fecundity was attributed to other differences between forest management sub-regions (modelled as random effects), suggesting other factors might be important. When analysing source-sink population dynamics to support management, an average value of fecundity can be appropriate across a heterogeneous forest landscape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Zini
- School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
| | - Kristin Wäber
- School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom
- Forestry Commission, East England, Santon Downham, Brandon, United Kingdom
| | - Paul M. Dolman
- School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom
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Carbillet J, Rey B, Lavabre T, Chaval Y, Merlet J, Débias F, Régis C, Pardonnet S, Duhayer J, Gaillard JM, Hewison AJM, Lemaître JF, Pellerin M, Rannou B, Verheyden H, Gilot-Fromont E. The neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio indexes individual variation in the behavioural stress response of wild roe deer across fluctuating environmental conditions. Behav Ecol Sociobiol 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s00265-019-2755-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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17
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Vanpé C, Gaillard JM, Hewison AJM, Quemere E, Kjellander P, Pellerin M, Lemaître JF. Old females rarely mate with old males in roe deer, Capreolus capreolus. Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/biolinnean/blz110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Little is known about whether female mating tactics vary with age based on their preference for mates. To fill this knowledge gap, we examined how maternal age is related to the age of their mates using detailed individual long-term monitoring of a genotyped and pedigreed European roe deer (Capreolus capreolus Linnaeus, 1758) population. We found that mating between old females and prime-aged males was more frequent than mating between prime-aged females and prime-aged males. This suggests that old females avoid old mates. Old females might be more selective in their mate choice than prime-aged females owing to increased mate-sampling effort. Our finding is in line with the terminal investment/allocation hypothesis. The study of age-related variation in female mating behaviour is particularly important because this behaviour can influence the intensity and direction of sexual selection and the maintenance of variation in male sexually selected traits. Further studies are needed to quantify the exact fitness benefits of age-specific mating tactics in females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cécile Vanpé
- Laboratoire de Biométrie et de Biologie Evolutive, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR5558, Université Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Jean-Michel Gaillard
- Laboratoire de Biométrie et de Biologie Evolutive, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR5558, Université Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France
| | - A J Mark Hewison
- Comportement et Ecologie de la Faune Sauvage, Université de Toulouse, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Castanet Tolosan, France
| | - Erwan Quemere
- Comportement et Ecologie de la Faune Sauvage, Université de Toulouse, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Castanet Tolosan, France
| | - Petter Kjellander
- Grimsö Wildlife Research Station, Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Riddarhyttan, Sweden
| | - Maryline Pellerin
- Office National de la Chasse et de la Faune Sauvage, Direction de la Recherche et de l’Expertise – Unité Ongulés Sauvages, Gières, France
| | - Jean-François Lemaître
- Laboratoire de Biométrie et de Biologie Evolutive, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR5558, Université Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France
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18
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Oh J, Minami M, Ikeda S, Takatsuki S, Oonishi N, Higuchi N, Okada A, Kimura J, Koyabu D. Non-Invasive Age Estimation by Cranial Suture Closure in Japanese Sika Deer (Cervus nippon). MAMMAL STUDY 2019. [DOI: 10.3106/ms2018-0065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jinwoo Oh
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Masato Minami
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, 1-17-71 Fuchinobe, Chuo-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5201, Japan
| | - Suzuna Ikeda
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, 1-17-71 Fuchinobe, Chuo-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5201, Japan
| | - Seiki Takatsuki
- The Life Museum of Azabu University, Azabu University, 1-17-71 Fuchinobe, Chuo-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5201, Japan
| | - Nobumasa Oonishi
- Eco-plan, 1-14-13 Takasu, Wakamatsu-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 808-0146, Japan
| | - Naoko Higuchi
- NPO Institute for Biodiversity Research and Education “Earthworm”, 1549-3-1 Oiwake, Karuizawa, Nagano, Japan
| | - Ayumi Okada
- Department of Environmental Bioscience, School of Veterinary Medicine, Kitasato University, 23-35-1 Higashi, Towada, Aomori 034-8628, Japan
| | - Junpei Kimura
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Daisuke Koyabu
- Department of Humanities and Sciences, Musashino Art University, 1-736 Ogawa-cho, Kodaira, Tokyo 187-8505, Japan
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Cheynel L, Douhard F, Gilot-Fromont E, Rey B, Débias F, Pardonnet S, Carbillet J, Verheyden H, Hewison AJM, Pellerin M, Gaillard JM, Lemaître JF. Does body growth impair immune function in a large herbivore? Oecologia 2018; 189:55-68. [PMID: 30470888 DOI: 10.1007/s00442-018-4310-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2017] [Accepted: 11/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
According to the principle of allocation, trade-offs are inevitable when resources allocated to one biological function are no longer available for other functions. Growth, and to a lesser extent, immunity are energetically costly functions that may compete with allocation to reproductive success and survival. However, whether high allocation to growth impairs immune system development during the growing period or immune system performance during adulthood is currently unknown in wild mammals. Using three roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) populations experiencing contrasting environmental conditions, we tested for potential costs of growth on immune phenotype over both the short-term (during growth), and the long-term (during adulthood) over the course of an individuals' life. We investigated potential costs on a set of 12 immune traits that reflect both innate and adaptive responses, and compared them between sexes and populations. Although fast growth tended to be associated with low levels of some humoral traits (globulins) during the growing period and some cellular immune traits (i.e. eosinophil and neutrophil counts) during adulthood, evidence for a trade-off between growth and other immune components was limited. Unexpectedly, no detectable growth costs on immunity were found in females from the population experiencing the least favourable environment. We discuss our findings in the light of the complex interplay between resource allocation strategies among reproduction, maintenance and immunity, in relation to local environmental conditions experienced by roe deer.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Cheynel
- Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, UMR CNRS 5558, Villeurbanne Cedex, France.
| | - F Douhard
- GenPhySE, Université de Toulouse, INRA, INPT, INP-ENVT, 31320, Castanet Tolosan, France
| | - E Gilot-Fromont
- Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, UMR CNRS 5558, Villeurbanne Cedex, France
- Université de Lyon, VetAgro Sup, Marcy-l'Etoile, France
| | - B Rey
- Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, UMR CNRS 5558, Villeurbanne Cedex, France
| | - F Débias
- Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, UMR CNRS 5558, Villeurbanne Cedex, France
| | - S Pardonnet
- Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, UMR CNRS 5558, Villeurbanne Cedex, France
| | - J Carbillet
- CEFS, Université de Toulouse, INRA, Castanet Tolosan, France
| | - H Verheyden
- CEFS, Université de Toulouse, INRA, Castanet Tolosan, France
| | - A J M Hewison
- CEFS, Université de Toulouse, INRA, Castanet Tolosan, France
| | - M Pellerin
- Office National de la Chasse et de la Faune Sauvage, Centre National de Recherches Appliquées sur les Cervidés-Sanglier, Bar-le-Duc, France
| | - J-M Gaillard
- Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, UMR CNRS 5558, Villeurbanne Cedex, France
| | - J-F Lemaître
- Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, UMR CNRS 5558, Villeurbanne Cedex, France
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20
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The modular organization of roe deer ( Capreolus capreolus) body during ontogeny: the effects of sex and habitat. Front Zool 2018; 15:37. [PMID: 30275869 PMCID: PMC6161383 DOI: 10.1186/s12983-018-0283-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background As a small artiodactyl, the roe deer (Capreolus capreolus L.) is characterized by biological plasticity and great adaptability demonstrated by their survival under a wide variety of environmental conditions. In order to depict patterns of phenotypic variation of roe deer body this study aims to quantify variation during ontogenetic development and determine how sex-specific reproductive investment and non-uniform habitat differences relate to phenotypic variation and do these differential investments mold the patterns of phenotypic variation through modular organisation. Results Patterns of phenotypic correlation among body traits change during the ontogeny of roe deer, with differential influence of sex and habitat type. Modularity was found to be a feature of closed habitats with trunk+forelimbs+hindlimbs as the best supported integration/modularity hypothesis for both sexes. The indices of integration and evolvability vary with habitat type, age and sex where increased integration is followed by decreased evolvability. Conclusion This is the first study that quantifies patterns of correlation in the roe deer body and finds pronounced changes in correlation structure during ontogeny affected by sex and habitat type. The correlation structure of the roe deer body is developmentally written over the course of ontogeny but we do not exclude the influence of function on ontogenetic changes. Modularity arises with the onset of reproduction (subadults not being modular) and is differentially expressed in males and females from different habitats. Both adult males and females show modularity in primordial, closed habitats. Overall, all these findings are important as they provide support to the idea that modularity can evolve at the population level and change fast within a species.
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Managing Aged Animals in Zoos to Promote Positive Welfare: A Review and Future Directions. Animals (Basel) 2018; 8:ani8070116. [PMID: 30011793 PMCID: PMC6070885 DOI: 10.3390/ani8070116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Revised: 07/06/2018] [Accepted: 07/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Many animals experience physical and behavioral changes as they age. Age-related changes in physical or mental ability can limit the opportunities for animals to experience positive well-being. As animals in zoos are living longer than ever, understanding common physical, cognitive, and behavioral changes associated with ageing across species can help inform management practices. This review aggregates information about common age-related changes across a wide number of species, discusses the potential welfare impacts of these changes for ageing animals, and suggests methods for caretakers to maximize positive welfare opportunities for ageing animals under human care. Abstract Improvements in veterinary care, nutrition, and husbandry of animals living in zoos have led to an increase in the longevity of these animals over the past 30 years. In this same time period, the focus of animal welfare science has shifted from concerns over mitigating negative welfare impacts to promoting positive welfare experiences for animals. For instance, providing opportunities for animals to exert agency, solve problems, or acquire rewards are all associated with positive welfare outcomes. Many common age-related changes result in limitations to opportunities for positive welfare experiences, either due to pain or other physical, cognitive, or behavioral limitations. This review aggregates information regarding common age-related physical and behavioral changes across species, discusses how age-related changes may limit positive welfare opportunities of aged animals in human care, and suggests potential management methods to help promote positive welfare for animals at all life stages in zoos and aquariums.
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22
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A tooth wear scoring scheme for age estimation of the Eurasian lynx (Lynx lynx) under field conditions. EUR J WILDLIFE RES 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10344-018-1198-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Quéméré E, Gaillard JM, Galan M, Vanpé C, David I, Pellerin M, Kjellander P, Hewison AJM, Pemberton JM. Between-population differences in the genetic and maternal components of body mass in roe deer. BMC Evol Biol 2018; 18:39. [PMID: 29592799 PMCID: PMC5872551 DOI: 10.1186/s12862-018-1154-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2017] [Accepted: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Understanding the genetic and environmental mechanisms governing variation in morphology or phenology in wild populations is currently an important challenge. While there is a general consensus that selection is stronger under stressful conditions, it remains unclear whether the evolutionary potential of traits should increase or decrease with increasingly stressful conditions. Here, we investigate how contrasting environmental conditions during growth may affect the maternal and genetic components of body mass in roe deer, the most abundant and widespread wild ungulate in Western Europe. Body mass is a key life history trait that strongly influences both survival and reproductive performance in large herbivores. We used pedigrees and animal models to determine the variance components of juvenile and adult winter body mass in two populations experiencing contrasting early-life conditions. Results Our analyses showed that roe deer at Chizé, where habitat was poor and unpredictable, exhibited very low genetic variance in juvenile body mass. Instead, variance in mass was mainly driven by among-cohort differences in early-life conditions and maternal environment. In contrast, roe deer at Bogesund, where resource availability during the critical period of fawn rearing was higher, displayed a substantial level of genetic variance in body mass. We discuss the potential role of past demography and viability selection on fawn body mass on the erosion of genetic variance in the poor habitat. Conclusions Our study highlights the importance of accounting for both spatial (i.e. between-population variation) and temporal (i.e. cohort variation) heterogeneity in environmental conditions, especially in early life, to understand the potential for adaptive responses of wild populations to selection. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12862-018-1154-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Quéméré
- CEFS, INRA, Université de Toulouse, Castanet-Tolosan Cedex, F-31326, France.
| | - J M Gaillard
- Université Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR 5558, Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive, F-69622, Villeurbanne, France
| | - M Galan
- CBGP, INRA, CIRAD, IRD, Montpellier SupAgro, Univ. Montpellier, F-34988, Montferrier-sur-Lez Cedex, France
| | - C Vanpé
- Université Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR 5558, Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive, F-69622, Villeurbanne, France
| | - I David
- GenPhySE, INRA, Université de Toulouse, ENVT, Castanet-Tolosan, F-31326, France
| | - M Pellerin
- ONCFS, DER, UR Cervidés-Sanglier, Paris, France
| | - P Kjellander
- Grimsö Wildlife Research Station, Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SE-730 91, Riddarhyttan, Sweden
| | - A J M Hewison
- CEFS, INRA, Université de Toulouse, Castanet-Tolosan Cedex, F-31326, France
| | - J M Pemberton
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 3FL, UK
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24
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Demesko J, Markowski J, Słaba M, Hejduk J, Minias P. Age-Related Patterns in Trace Element Content Vary Between Bone and Teeth of the European Roe Deer (Capreolus capreolus). ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2018; 74:330-338. [PMID: 29071367 PMCID: PMC5807465 DOI: 10.1007/s00244-017-0470-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2017] [Accepted: 10/09/2017] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Game animals, such as the roe deer (Capreolus capreolus), have long been used as bioindicators of environmental contamination. Most ecotoxicological research on ungulates has focused on trace element content in soft tissues and antlers. Also, only fragmentary information exists about whether and how trace element concentrations vary with the age of wild-living animals and whether these age-related patterns are similar for different types of tissues. The purpose of this study was to measure concentrations of seven trace metals (barium, copper, iron, lead, manganese, strontium, zinc) and fluoride in bone and teeth of roe deer and to determine whether significant variation is evident with individual age. For this purpose, we collected permanent molars and fragments of mandible bone from more than 130 female roe deer in Central Poland. We found that concentrations of four trace elements (barium, manganese, zinc, and fluoride) in teeth of deer showed positive linear relationships with individual age. No such trends were recorded for trace element content in bone. We suggest that these striking differences in age-related patterns of trace element bioaccumulation between bone and permanent teeth of roe deer might be explained by higher turnover rate and constant remodelling of bone tissue. The results suggest that analysis of permanent teeth may be useful for assessing throughout-life intoxication by environmental pollution in the roe deer and possibly in other mammal species. Our study reinforces the need to carefully account for age-related variation in ecotoxicological research on wild-living animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Demesko
- Department of Biodiversity Studies and Bioeducation, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Łódź, Banacha 1/3, 90-237, Łódź, Poland.
| | - Janusz Markowski
- Department of Biodiversity Studies and Bioeducation, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Łódź, Banacha 1/3, 90-237, Łódź, Poland
| | - Mirosława Słaba
- Department of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Łódź, Banacha 12/16, 90-237, Łódź, Poland
| | - Janusz Hejduk
- Department of Biodiversity Studies and Bioeducation, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Łódź, Banacha 1/3, 90-237, Łódź, Poland
| | - Piotr Minias
- Department of Biodiversity Studies and Bioeducation, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Łódź, Banacha 1/3, 90-237, Łódź, Poland
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25
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Cheynel L, Lemaître JF, Gaillard JM, Rey B, Bourgoin G, Ferté H, Jégo M, Débias F, Pellerin M, Jacob L, Gilot-Fromont E. Immunosenescence patterns differ between populations but not between sexes in a long-lived mammal. Sci Rep 2017; 7:13700. [PMID: 29057949 PMCID: PMC5651810 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-13686-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2017] [Accepted: 09/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
In animals, physiological mechanisms underlying reproductive and actuarial senescence remain poorly understood. Immunosenescence, the decline in the ability to display an efficient immune response with increasing age, is likely to influence both reproductive and actuarial senescence through increased risk of disease. Evidence for such a link has been reported from laboratory animal models but has been poorly investigated in the wild, where variation in resource acquisitions usually drives life-history trade-offs. We investigated immunosenescence patterns over 7 years in both sexes of two contrasting roe deer populations (Capreolus capreolus). We first measured twelve immune markers to obtain a thorough identification of innate and adaptive components of immunity and assessed, from the same individuals, the age-dependent variation observed in parasitic infections. Although the level of innate traits was maintained at old age, the functional innate immune traits declined with increasing age in one of two populations. In both populations, the production of inflammatory markers increased with advancing age. Finally, the adaptive response declined in late adulthood. The increasing parasite burden with age we reported suggests the effective existence of immunosenescence. Age-specific patterns differed between populations but not between sexes, which indicate that habitat quality could shape age-dependent immune phenotype in the wild.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Cheynel
- Univ Lyon, Université Lyon 1; CNRS, Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive UMR 5558, F-69622, Villeurbanne, France.
| | - J-F Lemaître
- Univ Lyon, Université Lyon 1; CNRS, Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive UMR 5558, F-69622, Villeurbanne, France
| | - J-M Gaillard
- Univ Lyon, Université Lyon 1; CNRS, Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive UMR 5558, F-69622, Villeurbanne, France
| | - B Rey
- Univ Lyon, Université Lyon 1; CNRS, Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive UMR 5558, F-69622, Villeurbanne, France
| | - G Bourgoin
- Univ Lyon, Université Lyon 1; CNRS, Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive UMR 5558, F-69622, Villeurbanne, France
- Université de Lyon, VetAgro Sup, Marcy-l'Etoile, France
| | - H Ferté
- EA 4688 "VECPAR", UFR Pharmacie, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, France
| | - M Jégo
- Univ Lyon, Université Lyon 1; CNRS, Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive UMR 5558, F-69622, Villeurbanne, France
| | - F Débias
- Univ Lyon, Université Lyon 1; CNRS, Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive UMR 5558, F-69622, Villeurbanne, France
| | - M Pellerin
- Office National de la Chasse et de la Faune Sauvage, Centre National de Recherches Appliquées sur les Cervidés-Sanglier, Bar-le-Duc, France
| | - L Jacob
- Univ Lyon, Université Lyon 1; CNRS, Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive UMR 5558, F-69622, Villeurbanne, France
| | - E Gilot-Fromont
- Univ Lyon, Université Lyon 1; CNRS, Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive UMR 5558, F-69622, Villeurbanne, France
- Université de Lyon, VetAgro Sup, Marcy-l'Etoile, France
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26
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Flajšman K, Jerina K, Pokorny B. Age-related effects of body mass on fertility and litter size in roe deer. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0175579. [PMID: 28403161 PMCID: PMC5389817 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0175579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2016] [Accepted: 03/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
We analysed effects of females' body mass and age on reproductive capacity of European roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) in a large sample set of 1312 females (305 yearlings and 1007 adults), hunted throughout Slovenia, central Europe, in the period 2013-2015. Body mass positively affected probability of ovulation and potential litter size (number of corpora lutea), although its effect was more pronounced in yearlings than in adults. Between age groups, we found clear differences in responses of both reproductive parameters to body mass which influences primarily reproductive performance of younger, and in particular, lighter individuals: at the same body mass yearlings would at average have smaller litters than adults, and at lower body mass also young to middle-aged adults would have smaller litters than old ones. In addition, while yearlings have to reach a critical threshold body mass to attain reproductive maturity, adult females are fertile (produce ova) even at low body mass. However, at higher body mass also younger individuals shift their efforts into the reproduction, and after reaching an age-specific threshold the body mass does not have any further effects on the reproductive output of roe deer females. Increased reproductive capacity at more advanced age, combined with declining body mass suggests that old does allocate more of their resources in reproduction than in body condition.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Klemen Jerina
- Department of Forestry and Renewable Forest Resources, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Boštjan Pokorny
- Slovenian Forestry Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Environmental Protection College, Velenje, Slovenia
- Ecological Research and Industrial Cooperation, Velenje, Slovenia
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27
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Flajšman K, Pokorny B, Chirichella R, Bottero E, Mattioli L, Apollonio M. I can produce more offspring as you can imagine: first records on exceptionally large litters in roe deer in central/southern Europe. EUR J WILDLIFE RES 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s10344-017-1102-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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28
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Chevallier C, Gauthier G, Berteaux D. Age Estimation of Live Arctic FoxesVulpes lagopusBased on Teeth Condition. WILDLIFE BIOLOGY 2017. [DOI: 10.2981/wlb.00304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Clément Chevallier
- C. Chevallier and D. Berteaux, Canada Research Chair on Northern Biodiversity and Centre d'Études Nordiques, Univ. du Québec à Rimouski, 300 Allée des Ursulines, Rimouski, QC, G5L3A1, Canada
| | - Gilles Gauthier
- G. Gauthier, Dépt de biologie and Centre d'Études Nordiques, Univ. Laval, Quebec city, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Dominique Berteaux
- C. Chevallier and D. Berteaux, Canada Research Chair on Northern Biodiversity and Centre d'Études Nordiques, Univ. du Québec à Rimouski, 300 Allée des Ursulines, Rimouski, QC, G5L3A1, Canada
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29
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Milošević‐Zlatanović S, Tomašević Kolarov N, Vukov T, Stamenković S. Correlation patterns in roe deer cranium: sexual dimorphism across different habitats. J Zool (1987) 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/jzo.12383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - N. Tomašević Kolarov
- Department of Evolutionary Biology University of Belgrade Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković” Belgrade Serbia
| | - T. Vukov
- Department of Evolutionary Biology University of Belgrade Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković” Belgrade Serbia
| | - S. Stamenković
- Faculty of Biology University of Belgrade Belgrade Serbia
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30
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Samuel MD, Storm DJ. Chronic wasting disease in white-tailed deer: infection, mortality, and implications for heterogeneous transmission. Ecology 2016; 97:3195-3205. [PMID: 27870037 DOI: 10.1002/ecy.1538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2016] [Revised: 06/29/2016] [Accepted: 07/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Chronic wasting disease (CWD) is a fatal neurodegenerative disease affecting free-ranging and captive cervids that now occurs in 24 U.S. states and two Canadian provinces. Despite the potential threat of CWD to deer populations, little is known about the rates of infection and mortality caused by this disease. We used epidemiological models to estimate the force of infection and disease-associated mortality for white-tailed deer in the Wisconsin and Illinois CWD outbreaks. Models were based on age-prevalence data corrected for bias in aging deer using the tooth wear and replacement method. Both male and female deer in the Illinois outbreak had higher corrected age-specific prevalence with slightly higher female infection than deer in the Wisconsin outbreak. Corrected ages produced more complex models with different infection and mortality parameters than those based on apparent prevalence. We found that adult male deer have a more than threefold higher risk of CWD infection than female deer. Males also had higher disease mortality than female deer. As a result, CWD prevalence was twofold higher in adult males than females. We also evaluated the potential impacts of alternative contact structures on transmission dynamics in Wisconsin deer. Results suggested that transmission of CWD among male deer during the nonbreeding season may be a potential mechanism for producing higher rates of infection and prevalence characteristically found in males. However, alternatives based on high environmental transmission and transmission from females to males during the breeding season may also play a role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael D Samuel
- U.S. Geological Survey, Wisconsin Cooperative Wildlife Research Unit, University of Wisconsin , Madison, Wisconsin, 53706, USA
| | - Daniel J Storm
- Department of Forest and Wildlife Ecology, University of Wisconsin , Madison, Wisconsin, 53706, USA.,Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources, Rhinelander, Wisconsin, 54501, USA
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31
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Vanpé C, Debeffe L, Galan M, Hewison AJM, Gaillard JM, Gilot-Fromont E, Morellet N, Verheyden H, Cosson JF, Cargnelutti B, Merlet J, Quéméré E. Immune gene variability influences roe deer natal dispersal. OIKOS 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/oik.02904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cécile Vanpé
- Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive (LBBE), CNRS UMR5558; Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1; 43 boulevard du 11 novembre 1918 69622 Villeurbanne Cedex France
| | - Lucie Debeffe
- CEFS; Univ. de Toulouse; INRA Castanet-Tolosan France
| | - Maxime Galan
- CEFS; Univ. de Toulouse; INRA Castanet-Tolosan France
- INRA, UMR CBGP (INRA/IRD/Cirad/Montpellier SupAgro); Campus International de Baillarguet Montferrier-sur-Lez Cedex France
| | | | - Jean-Michel Gaillard
- Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive (LBBE), CNRS UMR5558; Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1; 43 boulevard du 11 novembre 1918 69622 Villeurbanne Cedex France
| | - Emmanuelle Gilot-Fromont
- Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive (LBBE), CNRS UMR5558; Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1; 43 boulevard du 11 novembre 1918 69622 Villeurbanne Cedex France
- VetAgro-sup; Univ. Lyon 1; Marcy l'Etoile France
| | | | | | - Jean-François Cosson
- INRA, UMR CBGP (INRA/IRD/Cirad/Montpellier SupAgro); Campus International de Baillarguet Montferrier-sur-Lez Cedex France
| | | | - Joël Merlet
- CEFS; Univ. de Toulouse; INRA Castanet-Tolosan France
| | - Erwan Quéméré
- CEFS; Univ. de Toulouse; INRA Castanet-Tolosan France
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32
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Spradley JP, Glander KE, Kay RF. Dust in the wind: How climate variables and volcanic dust affect rates of tooth wear in central american howling monkeys. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY 2015; 159:210-22. [DOI: 10.1002/ajpa.22877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2014] [Revised: 07/31/2015] [Accepted: 09/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Richard F. Kay
- Department of Evolutionary Anthropology; Duke University; Durham NC
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33
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Padié S, Morellet N, Hewison AJM, Martin JL, Bonnot N, Cargnelutti B, Chamaillé-Jammes S. Roe deer at risk: teasing apart habitat selection and landscape constraints in risk exposure at multiple scales. OIKOS 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/oik.02115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Padié
- Centre d'Écologie Fonctionnelle et Évolutive UMR 5175, CNRS - Univ. de Montpellier - Univ. Paul Valéry Montpellier - EPHE; 1919 route de Mende FR-34293 Montpellier Cedex 5 France
| | - Nicolas Morellet
- INRA, UR 035 Comportement et Écologie de la Faune Sauvage, Inst. National de la Recherche Agronomique; 24 Chemin de Borde Rouge Auzeville, BP CS 52627 FR-31326 Castanet-Tolosan Cedex France
| | - A. J. Mark Hewison
- INRA, UR 035 Comportement et Écologie de la Faune Sauvage, Inst. National de la Recherche Agronomique; 24 Chemin de Borde Rouge Auzeville, BP CS 52627 FR-31326 Castanet-Tolosan Cedex France
| | - Jean-Louis Martin
- Centre d'Écologie Fonctionnelle et Évolutive UMR 5175, CNRS - Univ. de Montpellier - Univ. Paul Valéry Montpellier - EPHE; 1919 route de Mende FR-34293 Montpellier Cedex 5 France
| | - Nadège Bonnot
- INRA, UR 035 Comportement et Écologie de la Faune Sauvage, Inst. National de la Recherche Agronomique; 24 Chemin de Borde Rouge Auzeville, BP CS 52627 FR-31326 Castanet-Tolosan Cedex France
| | - Bruno Cargnelutti
- INRA, UR 035 Comportement et Écologie de la Faune Sauvage, Inst. National de la Recherche Agronomique; 24 Chemin de Borde Rouge Auzeville, BP CS 52627 FR-31326 Castanet-Tolosan Cedex France
| | - Simon Chamaillé-Jammes
- Centre d'Écologie Fonctionnelle et Évolutive UMR 5175, CNRS - Univ. de Montpellier - Univ. Paul Valéry Montpellier - EPHE; 1919 route de Mende FR-34293 Montpellier Cedex 5 France
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34
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Vanpé C, Debeffe L, Hewison AJM, Quéméré E, Lemaître JF, Galan M, Amblard B, Klein F, Cargnelutti B, Capron G, Merlet J, Warnant C, Gaillard JM. Reduced microsatellite heterozygosity does not affect natal dispersal in three contrasting roe deer populations. Oecologia 2014; 177:631-643. [PMID: 25388875 DOI: 10.1007/s00442-014-3139-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2014] [Accepted: 10/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Although theoretical studies have predicted a link between individual multilocus heterozygosity and dispersal, few empirical studies have investigated the effect of individual heterozygosity on dispersal propensity or distance. We investigated this link using measures of heterozygosity at 12 putatively neutral microsatellite markers and natal dispersal behaviour in three contrasting populations of European roe deer (Capreolus capreolus), a species displaying pre-saturation condition-dependent natal dispersal. We found no effect of individual heterozygosity on either dispersal propensity or dispersal distance. Average heterozygosity was similar across the three studied populations, but dispersal propensity and distance differed markedly among them. In Aurignac, dispersal propensity and distance were positively related to individual body mass, whereas there was no detectable effect of body mass on dispersal behaviour in Chizé and Trois Fontaines. We suggest that we should expect both dispersal propensity and distance to be greater when heterozygosity is lower only in those species where dispersal behaviour is driven by density-dependent competition for resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cécile Vanpé
- Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive (LBBE), CNRS UMR5558, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 43 boulevard du 11 novembre 1918, 69622, Villeurbanne Cedex, France.
| | - Lucie Debeffe
- Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive (LBBE), CNRS UMR5558, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 43 boulevard du 11 novembre 1918, 69622, Villeurbanne Cedex, France
- Laboratoire Comportement et Ecologie de la Faune Sauvage (CEFS), INRA UR35, B.P. 52627, 31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - A J Mark Hewison
- Laboratoire Comportement et Ecologie de la Faune Sauvage (CEFS), INRA UR35, B.P. 52627, 31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Erwan Quéméré
- Laboratoire Comportement et Ecologie de la Faune Sauvage (CEFS), INRA UR35, B.P. 52627, 31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Jean-François Lemaître
- Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive (LBBE), CNRS UMR5558, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 43 boulevard du 11 novembre 1918, 69622, Villeurbanne Cedex, France
| | - Maxime Galan
- Laboratoire Comportement et Ecologie de la Faune Sauvage (CEFS), INRA UR35, B.P. 52627, 31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France
- INRA, UMR CBGP, (INRA/IRD/Cirad/Montpellier SupAgro), Campus International de Baillarguet CS 30016, 34988, Montferrier-Sur-Lez Cedex, France
| | - Britany Amblard
- Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive (LBBE), CNRS UMR5558, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 43 boulevard du 11 novembre 1918, 69622, Villeurbanne Cedex, France
- INRA, UMR CBGP, (INRA/IRD/Cirad/Montpellier SupAgro), Campus International de Baillarguet CS 30016, 34988, Montferrier-Sur-Lez Cedex, France
| | - François Klein
- ONCFS, CNERA Cervidés-Sanglier, 1 Place Exelmans, 55000, Bar-Le-Duc, France
| | - Bruno Cargnelutti
- Laboratoire Comportement et Ecologie de la Faune Sauvage (CEFS), INRA UR35, B.P. 52627, 31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Gilles Capron
- ONCFS, Délégation Inter-Régionale Poitou-Charentes Limousin, 255 route de Bonnes, 86000, Poitiers, France
| | - Joël Merlet
- Laboratoire Comportement et Ecologie de la Faune Sauvage (CEFS), INRA UR35, B.P. 52627, 31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Claude Warnant
- ONCFS, CNERA Cervidés-Sanglier, 1 Place Exelmans, 55000, Bar-Le-Duc, France
| | - Jean-Michel Gaillard
- Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive (LBBE), CNRS UMR5558, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 43 boulevard du 11 novembre 1918, 69622, Villeurbanne Cedex, France
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35
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Hušek J, Panek M, Tryjanowski P. Long-term trends and correlates of antler anomalies in roe deer. J Wildl Manage 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/jwmg.780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jan Hušek
- Faculty of Applied Ecology and Agricultural Sciences; Hedmark University College; Campus Evenstad, 2480 Koppang Norway
| | - Marek Panek
- Polish Hunting Association; Research Station; Sokolnicza 12, 64-020 Czempiń Poland
| | - Piotr Tryjanowski
- Institute of Zoology; Poznań University of Life Science; Wojska Polskiego 71C, 60-625 Poznań Poland
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36
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Storm DJ, Samuel MD, Rolley RE, Beissel T, Richards BJ, Van Deelen TR. Estimating ages of white-tailed deer: Age and sex patterns of error using tooth wear-and-replacement and consistency of cementum annuli. WILDLIFE SOC B 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/wsb.457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J. Storm
- Department of Forest and Wildlife Ecology; University of Wisconsin-Madison; 226 Russell Labs 1630 Linden Drive Madison WI 53706 USA
| | - Michael D. Samuel
- United States Geological Survey; Wisconsin Cooperative Wildlife Research Unit; Department of Forest and Wildlife Ecology; University of Wisconsin-Madison; 204 Russell Labs 1630 Linden Drive Madison Wisconsin 53706 USA
| | - Robert E. Rolley
- Bureau of Science Services; Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources; 2801 Progress Road Madison WI 53716 USA
| | - Thomas Beissel
- Illinois Department of Natural Resources; 1 Natural Resources Way Springfield IL 62702 USA
| | - Bryan J. Richards
- Unites States Geological Survey; National Wildlife Health Center; 6006 Schroeder Road Madison WI 53711 USA
| | - Timothy R. Van Deelen
- Department of Forest and Wildlife Ecology; University of Wisconsin-Madison; 226 Russell Labs 1630 Linden Drive Madison WI 53706 USA
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37
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Pérez-Barbería FJ, Duff EI, Brewer MJ, Guinness FE. Evaluation of methods to age Scottish red deer: the balance between accuracy and practicality. J Zool (1987) 2014. [DOI: 10.1111/jzo.12166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - E. I. Duff
- Biomathematics and Statistics Scotland; Aberdeen UK
| | - M. J. Brewer
- Biomathematics and Statistics Scotland; Aberdeen UK
| | - F. E. Guinness
- Large Animal Research Group; Department of Zoology; University of Cambridge; Cambridge UK
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38
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Sevila J, Richomme C, Hoste H, Candela MG, Gilot-Fromont E, Rodolakis A, Cebe N, Picot D, Merlet J, Verheyden H. Does land use within the home range drive the exposure of roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) to two abortive pathogens in a rural agro-ecosystem? ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s13364-014-0197-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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39
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Leblond M, Dussault C, Ouellet JP. Impacts of human disturbance on large prey species: do behavioral reactions translate to fitness consequences? PLoS One 2013; 8:e73695. [PMID: 24040029 PMCID: PMC3770704 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0073695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2013] [Accepted: 07/24/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Anthropogenic disturbances have been demonstrated to affect animal behavior, distribution, and abundance, but assessment of their impacts on fitness-related traits has received little attention. We hypothesized that human activities and infrastructure cause a decrease in the individual performance of preys because of anthropogenically enhanced predation risk. We evaluated the impacts of commercial logging and road networks on the fitness of a large herbivore known to be sensitive to human disturbance: the forest-dwelling woodland caribou (Rangifer tarandus caribou). For 8 consecutive years (2004–2011) we monitored 59 individuals using GPS telemetry in the Charlevoix region of Québec, Canada. We also used Very High Frequency telemetry locations collected on 28 individuals from 1999–2000. We related habitat selection of adult caribou at various spatio-temporal scales to their probability of dying from predation, and to indices of their reproductive success and energy expenditure. The probability that adult caribou died from predation increased with the proportion of recent disturbances (including cutblocks ≤5 years old) in their annual home range. The respective effects of increasing paved and forestry road densities depended upon the overall road density within the home range of caribou. At a finer scale of 10 to 15 days before their death, caribou that were killed by a predator selected for recent disturbances more than individuals that survived, and avoided old mature conifer stands. The home range area of caribou increased with road density. Finally, the composition of the home range of females had no effect on their reproductive success. We show that human activities and infrastructure may influence the individual performance of large prey species in highly managed regions. We outline the need to consider the full set of impacts that human development may have on threatened animal populations, with particular emphasis on predator-prey relationships and population dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathieu Leblond
- Département de biologie, chimie et géographie, Université du Québec à Rimouski et Centre d’études nordiques, Rimouski, Canada
- * E-mail:
| | - Christian Dussault
- Direction de la faune terrestre et de l’avifaune, Ministère du développement durable, de l’environnement, de la faune et des parc du Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Jean-Pierre Ouellet
- Département de biologie, chimie et géographie, Université du Québec à Rimouski et Centre d’études nordiques, Rimouski, Canada
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Comparing patterns of human harvest and predation by Eurasian lynx Lynx lynx on European roe deer Capreolus capreolus in a temperate forest. EUR J WILDLIFE RES 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s10344-013-0745-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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41
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Cooper SM, Sieckenius SS, Silva AL. Dentine method: Aging white-tailed deer by tooth measurements. WILDLIFE SOC B 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/wsb.275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Williams GA, Serena M, Grant TR. Age-related change in spurs and spur sheaths of the platypus (Ornithorhynchus anatinus). AUSTRALIAN MAMMALOGY 2013. [DOI: 10.1071/am12011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Non-invasive techniques for age assessment of wild mammals are needed for effective species management as well as research. In the case of the platypus, we investigated how morphology of calcaneal spurs and associated features in males and vestigial spur sheaths in females varies with age. Total spur length in males (spur tip to base of subtending epidermal collar) is greatest at 19–24 months and falls thereafter, with significant linear relationships evident between spur length and age of subadults (13–24 months old) and adults (≥25 months old). However, collar length/total spur length discriminates better between subadults and older animals than either collar length or total spur length alone. Juveniles can be reliably identified up to the age of 12 months (males) and 9 months (females) by the presence, respectively, of a sheath encasing the spur or a rudimentary spur sheath. A small proportion of young subadults (males, 4%; females, ≤2%) will be misclassified as juveniles due to sheaths being retained for longer than normal. Studies that need to identify juveniles very accurately as an age class should avoid sampling populations from August–October on the south-eastern Australian mainland (or May–October if subadult males also need to be identified correctly).
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Skalski JR, Millspaugh JJ, Clawson MV. Comparison of statistical population reconstruction using full and pooled adult age-class data. PLoS One 2012; 7:e33910. [PMID: 22470491 PMCID: PMC3314681 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0033910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2011] [Accepted: 02/19/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Age-at-harvest data are among the most commonly collected, yet neglected, demographic data gathered by wildlife agencies. Statistical population construction techniques can use this information to estimate the abundance of wild populations over wide geographic areas and concurrently estimate recruitment, harvest, and natural survival rates. Although current reconstruction techniques use full age-class data (0.5, 1.5, 2.5, 3.5, … years), it is not always possible to determine an animal's age due to inaccuracy of the methods, expense, and logistics of sample collection. The ability to inventory wild populations would be greatly expanded if pooled adult age-class data (e.g., 0.5, 1.5, 2.5+ years) could be successfully used in statistical population reconstruction. Methodology/Principal Findings We investigated the performance of statistical population reconstruction models developed to analyze full age-class and pooled adult age-class data. We performed Monte Carlo simulations using a stochastic version of a Leslie matrix model, which generated data over a wide range of abundance levels, harvest rates, and natural survival probabilities, representing medium-to-big game species. Results of full age-class and pooled adult age-class population reconstructions were compared for accuracy and precision. No discernible difference in accuracy was detected, but precision was slightly reduced when using the pooled adult age-class reconstruction. On average, the coefficient of variation increased by 0.059 when the adult age-class data were pooled prior to analyses. The analyses and maximum likelihood model for pooled adult age-class reconstruction are illustrated for a black-tailed deer (Odocoileus hemionus) population in Washington State. Conclusions/Significance Inventorying wild populations is one of the greatest challenges of wildlife agencies. These new statistical population reconstruction models should expand the demographic capabilities of wildlife agencies that have already collected pooled adult age-class data or are seeking a cost-effective method for monitoring the status and trends of our wild resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- John R Skalski
- School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America.
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Kierdorf U, Bahelková P, Sedláček F, Kierdorf H. Pronounced reduction of fluoride exposure in free-ranging deer in North Bohemia (Czech Republic) as indicated by the biomarkers skeletal fluoride content and dental fluorosis. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2012; 414:686-695. [PMID: 22137477 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2011.10.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2011] [Revised: 10/20/2011] [Accepted: 10/20/2011] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Wild deer have been recommended as bioindicators of fluoride pollution. We compared bone fluoride concentrations and prevalence and severity of dental fluorosis in free-ranging European roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) and red deer (Cervus elaphus) from five counties in the northwestern part of the Czech Republic that had been collected by hunters and whose mandibles were presented at trophy exhibitions in the years 1996/1997 ("early period") and 2009 ("late period"). Data on atmospheric fluoride deposition suggested that the deer from the early period had been exposed to markedly higher fluoride levels than those from the late period. We therefore predicted a decline in skeletal fluoride levels and prevalence of dental fluorosis for both species from the early to the late period. Fluoride concentrations were determined in the coronoid process of the mandible, and assessment of dental fluorosis was performed on the permanent cheek teeth. A pronounced drop in fluoride concentrations from the early period (roe deer (n = 157), median: 3147 mg F(-)/kg of dry bone; red deer (n = 127), median: 1263 mg F(-)/kg of dry bone) to the late period (roe deer (n = 117), median: 350 mg F(-)/kg of dry bone; red deer (n = 72), median: 288 mg F(-)/kg of dry bone) was recorded. Prevalence of dental fluorosis also markedly declined from the early to the late period (roe deer: from 93% to 12%, red deer: from 87% to 28%). The reduction of fluoride deposition in the study area and, in consequence, fluoride exposure of the resident deer populations, is attributed largely to the implementation of emission control devices in the brown coal-fired power plants located in North Bohemia from the mid 1990s onwards. The findings of the present study demonstrate that wild deer are well suited for monitoring temporal changes in fluoride pollution of their habitats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uwe Kierdorf
- Department of Biology, University of Hildesheim, Marienburger Platz 22, 31141 Hildesheim, Germany.
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Hall GP, Murray PJ, Byrne MJ, Lisle AT. Is tooth wear a reliable means of aging wild European fallow deer in Tasmania, Australia? WILDLIFE SOC B 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/wsb.89] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Blagojević M, Milošević-Zlatanović S. Sexual shape dimorphism in Serbian roe deer (Capreolus capreolus L.). Mamm Biol 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mambio.2011.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Pinard V, Dussault C, Ouellet JP, Fortin D, Courtois R. Calving rate, calf survival rate, and habitat selection of forest-dwelling caribou in a highly managed landscape. J Wildl Manage 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/jwmg.217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Galbany J, Altmann J, Pérez-Pérez A, Alberts SC. Age and individual foraging behavior predict tooth wear in Amboseli baboons. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY 2011; 144:51-9. [PMID: 20721946 PMCID: PMC3006080 DOI: 10.1002/ajpa.21368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2009] [Accepted: 05/27/2010] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Teeth represent an essential component of the foraging apparatus for any mammal, and tooth wear can have significant implications for survival and reproduction. This study focuses on tooth wear in wild baboons in Amboseli, southern Kenya. We obtained mandibular and maxillary tooth impressions from 95 baboons and analyzed digital images of replicas made from these impressions. We measured tooth wear as the percent dentine exposure (PDE, the percent of the occlusal surface on which dentine was exposed), and we examined the relationship of PDE to age, behavior, and life history variables. We found that PDE increased significantly with age for both sexes in all three molar types. In females, we also tested the hypotheses that long-term patterns of feeding behavior, social dominance rank, and one measure of maternal investment (the cumulative number of months that a female had dependent infants during her lifetime) would predict tooth wear when we controlled for age. The hypothesis that feeding behavior predicted tooth wear was supported. The percent of feeding time spent consuming grass corms predicted PDE when controlling for age. However, PDE was not associated with social dominance rank or maternal investment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordi Galbany
- Department of Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA.
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Vanpé C, Gaillard JM, Kjellander P, Liberg O, Delorme D, Hewison AJM. Assessing the intensity of sexual selection on male body mass and antler length in roe deer Capreolus capreolus: is bigger better in a weakly dimorphic species? OIKOS 2010. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0706.2010.18312.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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