1
|
Guo L, Lei J, Li P, Wang Y, Wang J, Song T, Zhu B, Jia J, Miao J, Cui H. Hedan tablet ameliorated non-alcoholic steatohepatitis by moderating NF-κB and lipid metabolism-related pathways via regulating hepatic metabolites. J Cell Mol Med 2024; 28:e18194. [PMID: 38506086 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.18194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a severe form of fatty liver disease. If not treated, it can lead to liver damage, cirrhosis and even liver cancer. However, advances in treatment have remained relatively slow, and there is thus an urgent need to develop appropriate treatments. Hedan tablet (HDP) is used to treat metabolic syndrome. However, scientific understanding of the therapeutic effect of HDP on NASH remains limited. We used HDP to treat a methionine/choline-deficient diet-induced model of NASH in rats to elucidate the therapeutic effects of HDP on liver injury. In addition, we used untargeted metabolomics to investigate the effects of HDP on metabolites in liver of NASH rats, and further validated its effects on inflammation and lipid metabolism following screening for potential target pathways. HDP had considerable therapeutic, anti-oxidant, and anti-inflammatory effects on NASH. HDP could also alter the hepatic metabolites changed by NASH. Moreover, HDP considerable moderated NF-κB and lipid metabolism-related pathways. The present study found that HDP had remarkable therapeutic effects in NASH rats. The therapeutic efficacy of HDP in NASH mainly associated with regulation of NF-κB and lipid metabolism-related pathways via arachidonic acid metabolism, glycine-serine-threonine metabolism, as well as steroid hormone biosynthesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liying Guo
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Second People's Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Jinyan Lei
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Second People's Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Peng Li
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Second People's Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuming Wang
- Graduate School, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Second People's Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Taotao Song
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Second People's Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Bo Zhu
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Second People's Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Jianwei Jia
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Second People's Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Jing Miao
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Second People's Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Huantian Cui
- First School of Clinical Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Hossain S, Gilani A, Pascale J, Villegas E, Diegisser D, Agostinucci K, Kulaprathazhe MM, Dirice E, Garcia V, Schwartzman ML. Gpr75-deficient mice are protected from high-fat diet-induced obesity. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2023; 31:1024-1037. [PMID: 36854900 PMCID: PMC10033368 DOI: 10.1002/oby.23692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE G-protein coupled receptor 75 (GPR75) has been identified as the high-affinity receptor of 20-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (20-HETE), a vasoactive and proinflammatory lipid, and mice overproducing 20-HETE have been shown to develop insulin resistance when fed a high-fat diet (HFD), which was prevented by a 20-HETE receptor blocker. Simultaneously, a large-scale exome sequencing of 640,000 subjects identified an association between loss-of-function GPR75 variants and protection against obesity. METHODS Wild-type (WT) and Gpr75-deficient mice were placed on HFD for 14 weeks, and their obesity phenotype was examined. RESULTS Male and female Gpr75 null (knockout [KO]) and heterozygous mice gained less weight than WT mice when placed on HFD. KO mice maintained the same level of energy expenditure during HFD feeding, whereas WT mice showed a significant reduction in energy expenditure. Diet-driven adiposity and adipocyte hypertrophy were greatly lessened in Gpr75-deficient mice. HFD-fed KO mice did not develop insulin resistance. Adipose tissue from Gpr75-deficient mice had increased expression of thermogenic genes and decreased levels of inflammatory markers. Moreover, insulin signaling, which was impaired in HFD-fed WT mice, was unchanged in KO mice. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that GPR75 is an important player in the control of metabolism and glucose homeostasis and a likely novel therapeutic target to combat obesity-driven metabolic disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sakib Hossain
- Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College School of Medicine, Valhalla, New York, USA
| | - Ankit Gilani
- Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College School of Medicine, Valhalla, New York, USA
| | - Jonathan Pascale
- Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College School of Medicine, Valhalla, New York, USA
| | - Elizabeth Villegas
- Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College School of Medicine, Valhalla, New York, USA
| | - Danielle Diegisser
- Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College School of Medicine, Valhalla, New York, USA
| | - Kevin Agostinucci
- Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College School of Medicine, Valhalla, New York, USA
| | | | - Ercument Dirice
- Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College School of Medicine, Valhalla, New York, USA
| | - Victor Garcia
- Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College School of Medicine, Valhalla, New York, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Lipid mediators generated by the cytochrome P450—Epoxide hydrolase pathway. ADVANCES IN PHARMACOLOGY 2023; 97:327-373. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.apha.2022.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
|
4
|
Dong L, Wang H, Chen K, Li Y. Roles of hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids in diabetes (HETEs and diabetes). Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 156:113981. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
|
5
|
Isse FA, El-Sherbeni AA, El-Kadi AOS. The multifaceted role of cytochrome P450-Derived arachidonic acid metabolites in diabetes and diabetic cardiomyopathy. Drug Metab Rev 2022; 54:141-160. [PMID: 35306928 DOI: 10.1080/03602532.2022.2051045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Understanding lipid metabolism is a critical key to understanding the pathogenesis of Diabetes Mellitus (DM). It is known that 60-90% of DM patients are obese or used to be obese. The incidence of obesity is rising owing to the modern sedentary lifestyle that leads to insulin resistance and increased levels of free fatty acids, predisposing tissues to utilize more lipids with less glucose uptake. However, the exact mechanism is not yet fully elucidated. Diabetic cardiomyopathy seems to be associated with these alterations in lipid metabolism. Arachidonic acid (AA) is an important fatty acid that is metabolized to several bioactive compounds by cyclooxygenases, lipoxygenases, and the more recently discovered, cytochrome P450 (P450) enzymes. P450 metabolizes AA to either epoxy-AA (EETs) or hydroxy-AA (HETEs). Studies showed that EETs could have cardioprotective effects and beneficial effects in reversing abnormalities in glucose and insulin homeostasis. Conversely, HETEs, most importantly 12-HETE and 20-HETE, were found to interfere with normal glucose and insulin homeostasis and thus, might be involved in diabetic cardiomyopathy. In this review, we highlight the role of P450-derived AA metabolites in the context of DM and diabetic cardiomyopathy and their potential use as a target for developing new treatments for DM and diabetic cardiomyopathy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fadumo Ahmed Isse
- Departmet of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Ahmed A El-Sherbeni
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Ayman O S El-Kadi
- Departmet of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Muñoz M, López-Oliva E, Pinilla E, Rodríguez C, Martínez MP, Contreras C, Gómez A, Benedito S, Sáenz-Medina J, Rivera L, Prieto D. Differential contribution of renal cytochrome P450 enzymes to kidney endothelial dysfunction and vascular oxidative stress in obesity. Biochem Pharmacol 2022; 195:114850. [PMID: 34822809 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2021.114850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Arachidonic acid (AA)-derived cytochrome P450 (CYP) derivatives, epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) and 20-hidroxyeicosatetranoic acid (20-HETE), play a key role in kidney tubular and vascular functions and blood pressure. Altered metabolism of CYP epoxygenases and CYP hydroxylases has differentially been involved in the pathogenesis of metabolic disease-associated vascular complications, although the mechanisms responsible for the vascular injury are unclear. The present study aimed to assess whether obesity-induced changes in CYP enzymes may contribute to oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction in kidney preglomerular arteries. Endothelial function and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production were assessed in interlobar arteries of obese Zucker rats (OZR) and their lean counterparts lean Zucker rats (LZR) and the effects of CYP2C and CYP4A inhibitors sulfaphenazole and HET0016, respectively, were examined on the endothelium-dependent relaxations and O2- and H2O2 levels of preglomerular arteries. Non-nitric oxide (NO) non-prostanoid endothelium-derived hyperpolarization (EDH)-type responses were preserved but resistant to the CYP epoxygenase blocker sulfaphenazole in OZR in contrast to those in LZR. Sulfaphenazole did not further inhibit reduced arterial H2O2 levels, and CYP2C11/CYP2C23 enzymes were downregulated in intrarenal arteries from OZR. Renal EDH-mediated relaxations were preserved in obese rats by the enhanced activity and expression of endothelial calcium-activated potassium channels (KCa). CYP4A blockade restored impaired NO-mediated dilatation and inhibited augmented O2- production in kidney arteries from OZR. The current data demonstrate that both decreased endothelial CYP2C11/ CYP2C23-derived vasodilator H2O2 and augmented CYP4A-derived 20-HETE contribute to endothelial dysfunction and vascular oxidative stress in obesity. CYP4A inhibitors ameliorate arterial oxidative stress and restore endothelial function which suggests its therapeutic potential for the vascular complications of obesity-associated kidney injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mercedes Muñoz
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - Elvira López-Oliva
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - Estéfano Pinilla
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - Claudia Rodríguez
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Pilar Martínez
- Departamento de Anatomía y Embriología, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Contreras
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alfonso Gómez
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sara Benedito
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Sáenz-Medina
- Departamento de Urología, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro-Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - Luis Rivera
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - Dolores Prieto
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Saleh RNM, West AL, Ostermann AI, Schebb NH, Calder PC, Minihane AM. APOE Genotype Modifies the Plasma Oxylipin Response to Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Supplementation in Healthy Individuals. Front Nutr 2021; 8:723813. [PMID: 34604280 PMCID: PMC8484638 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.723813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), mediate inflammation in large part by affecting pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory/pro-resolving oxylipin concentrations. Common gene variants are thought to underlie the large inter-individual variation in oxylipin levels in response to n-3 PUFA supplementation, which in turn is likely to contribute to the overall heterogeneity in response to n-3 PUFA intervention. Given its known role in inflammation and as a modulator of the physiological response to EPA and DHA, here we explore, for the first time, the differential response of plasma hydroxy-, epoxy- and dihydroxy-arachidonic acid, EPA and DHA oxylipins according to apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotype using samples from a dose-response parallel design RCT. Healthy participants were given doses of EPA+DHA equivalent to intakes of 1, 2, and 4 portions of oily fish per week for 12 months. There was no difference in the plasma levels of EPA, DHA or ARA between the wildtype APOE3/E3 and APOE4 carrier groups after 3 or 12 months of n-3 PUFA supplementation. At 12 months, hydroxy EPAs (HEPEs) and hydroxy-DHAs (HDHAs) were higher in APOE4 carriers, with the difference most evident at the highest EPA+DHA intake. A significant APOE*n-3 PUFA dose effect was observed for the CYP-ω hydroxylase products 19-HEPE (p = 0.027) and 20-HEPE (p = 0.011). 8-HEPE, which, along with several other plasma oxylipins, is an activator of peroxisome proliferator activated receptors (PPARs), showed the highest fold change in APOE4 carriers (14-fold) compared to APOE3/E3 (4-fold) (p = 0.014). Low basal plasma EPA levels (EPA < 0.85% of total fatty acids) were associated with a greater change in 5-HEPE, 9-HEPE, 11-HEPE, and 20-HEPE compared to high basal EPA levels (EPA > 1.22% of total fatty acids). In conclusion, APOE genotype modulated the plasma oxylipin response to increased EPA+DHA intake, with APOE4 carriers presenting with the greatest increases following high dose n-3 PUFA supplementation for 12 months.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rasha N M Saleh
- Nutrition and Preventive Medicine Group, Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom.,Department of Clinical and Chemical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Annette L West
- School of Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Annika I Ostermann
- Chair of Food Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Wuppertal, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Nils Helge Schebb
- Chair of Food Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Wuppertal, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Philip C Calder
- School of Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom.,National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust and University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Anne Marie Minihane
- Nutrition and Preventive Medicine Group, Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Gilani A, Agostinucci K, Hossain S, Pascale JV, Garcia V, Adebesin AM, Falck JR, Schwartzman ML. 20-HETE interferes with insulin signaling and contributes to obesity-driven insulin resistance. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 2021; 152:106485. [PMID: 33011364 PMCID: PMC7855891 DOI: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2020.106485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Revised: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
20-HETE, a metabolite of arachidonic acid produced by Cytochrome P450 (CYP) 4A/4 F, has been implicated in the development of obesity-associated complications such as diabetes and insulin resistance. In this study, we examined whether the acute elevation of 20-HETE levels contributes to the development of diet-driven hyperglycemia and insulin resistance. We employed a conditional transgenic mouse model to overexpress Cyp4a12 (Cyp4a12tg), a murine 20-HETE synthase, together with high fat diet (HFD) feeding. Mice in which Cyp4a12 was induced by doxycycline (DOX) at the onset of HFD feeding gained weight at a greater rate and extent than corresponding DOX-untreated Cyp4a12 mice. Cyp4a12tg mice fed HFD + DOX displayed hyperglycemia and impaired glucose metabolism while corresponding HFD-fed Cyp4a12tg mice (no DOX) did not. Importantly, administration of a 20-HETE antagonist, 20-SOLA, to Cyp4a12tg mice fed HFD + DOX significantly attenuated weight gain and prevented the development of hyperglycemia and impaired glucose metabolism. Levels of insulin receptor (IR) phosphorylation at Tyrosine 972 and insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS1) phosphorylation at serine 307 were markedly decreased and increased, respectively, in liver, skeletal muscle and adipose tissues from Cyp4a12tg mice fed HFD + DOX; 20-SOLA prevented the IR and IRS1 inactivation, suggesting that 20-HETE interferes with insulin signaling. Additional studies in 3T3-1 differentiated adipocytes confirmed that 20-HETE impairs insulin signaling and that its effect may require activation of its receptor GPR75. Taken together, these results provide strong evidence that 20-HETE interferes with insulin function and contributed to diet-driven insulin resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ankit Gilani
- Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College School of Medicine, Valhalla, NY, United States
| | - Kevin Agostinucci
- Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College School of Medicine, Valhalla, NY, United States
| | - Sakib Hossain
- Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College School of Medicine, Valhalla, NY, United States
| | - Jonathan V Pascale
- Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College School of Medicine, Valhalla, NY, United States
| | - Victor Garcia
- Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College School of Medicine, Valhalla, NY, United States
| | | | - John R Falck
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, TX, United States
| | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Bernier M, Harney D, Koay YC, Diaz A, Singh A, Wahl D, Pulpitel T, Ali A, Guiterrez V, Mitchell SJ, Kim EY, Mach J, Price NL, Aon MA, LeCouteur DG, Cogger VC, Fernandez-Hernando C, O’Sullivan J, Larance M, Cuervo AM, de Cabo R. Elucidating the mechanisms by which disulfiram protects against obesity and metabolic syndrome. NPJ Aging Mech Dis 2020; 6:8. [PMID: 32714562 PMCID: PMC7374720 DOI: 10.1038/s41514-020-0046-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
There is an unmet need and urgency to find safe and effective anti-obesity interventions. Our recent study in mice fed on obesogenic diet found that treatment with the alcohol aversive drug disulfiram reduced feeding efficiency and led to a decrease in body weight and an increase in energy expenditure. The intervention with disulfiram improved glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity, and mitigated metabolic dysfunctions in various organs through poorly defined mechanisms. Here, integrated analysis of transcriptomic and proteomic data from mouse and rat livers unveiled comparable signatures in response to disulfiram, revealing pathways associated with lipid and energy metabolism, redox, and detoxification. In cell culture, disulfiram was found to be a potent activator of autophagy, the malfunctioning of which has negative consequences on metabolic regulation. Thus, repurposing disulfiram may represent a potent strategy to combat obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michel Bernier
- Experimental Gerontology Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224 USA
| | - Dylan Harney
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006 Australia
| | - Yen Chin Koay
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006 Australia
- Heart Research Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2042 Australia
| | - Antonio Diaz
- Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Institute for Aging Studies, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10461 USA
| | - Abhishek Singh
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Integrative Cell Signaling and Neurobiology of Metabolism Program, Department of Comparative Medicine, Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510 USA
| | - Devin Wahl
- Experimental Gerontology Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224 USA
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006 Australia
- Ageing and Alzheimer’s Institute, ANZAC Research Institute, Concord Clinical School/Sydney Medical School, Concord, NSW 2139 Australia
| | - Tamara Pulpitel
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006 Australia
- Ageing and Alzheimer’s Institute, ANZAC Research Institute, Concord Clinical School/Sydney Medical School, Concord, NSW 2139 Australia
| | - Ahmed Ali
- Experimental Gerontology Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224 USA
| | - Vince Guiterrez
- Experimental Gerontology Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224 USA
| | - Sarah J. Mitchell
- Experimental Gerontology Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224 USA
| | - Eun-Young Kim
- Experimental Gerontology Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224 USA
- Functional Genomics Research Center, KRIBB, Daejeon, 305-806 Republic of Korea
| | - John Mach
- Kolling Institute of Medical Research and Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2064 Australia
| | - Nathan L. Price
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Integrative Cell Signaling and Neurobiology of Metabolism Program, Department of Comparative Medicine, Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510 USA
| | - Miguel A. Aon
- Experimental Gerontology Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224 USA
| | - David G. LeCouteur
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006 Australia
- Ageing and Alzheimer’s Institute, ANZAC Research Institute, Concord Clinical School/Sydney Medical School, Concord, NSW 2139 Australia
| | - Victoria C. Cogger
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006 Australia
- Ageing and Alzheimer’s Institute, ANZAC Research Institute, Concord Clinical School/Sydney Medical School, Concord, NSW 2139 Australia
| | - Carlos Fernandez-Hernando
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Integrative Cell Signaling and Neurobiology of Metabolism Program, Department of Comparative Medicine, Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510 USA
| | - John O’Sullivan
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006 Australia
- Heart Research Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2042 Australia
| | - Mark Larance
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006 Australia
| | - Ana Maria Cuervo
- Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Institute for Aging Studies, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10461 USA
| | - Rafael de Cabo
- Experimental Gerontology Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224 USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Dos Santos LRB, Fleming I. Role of cytochrome P450-derived, polyunsaturated fatty acid mediators in diabetes and the metabolic syndrome. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 2019; 148:106407. [PMID: 31899373 DOI: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2019.106407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Revised: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Over the last decade, cases of metabolic syndrome and type II diabetes have increased exponentially. Exercise and ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA)-enriched diets are usually prescribed but no therapy is effectively able to restore the impaired glucose metabolism, hypertension, and atherogenic dyslipidemia encountered by diabetic patients. PUFAs are metabolized by different enzymes into bioactive metabolites with anti- or pro-inflammatory activity. One important class of PUFA metabolizing enzymes are the cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes that can generate a series of bioactive products, many of which have been attributed protective/anti-inflammatory and insulin-sensitizing effects in animal models. PUFA epoxides are, however, further metabolized by the soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) to fatty acid diols. The biological actions of the latter are less well understood but while low concentrations may be biologically important, higher concentrations of diols derived from linoleic acid and docosahexaenoic acid have been linked with inflammation. One potential application for sEH inhibitors is in the treatment of diabetic retinopathy where sEH expression and activity is elevated as are levels of a diol of docosahexaenoic acid that can induce the destabilization of the retina vasculature.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laila R B Dos Santos
- Institute for Vascular Signalling, Centre for Molecular Medicine, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany; German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK) Partner Site Rhein-Main, Germany
| | - Ingrid Fleming
- Institute for Vascular Signalling, Centre for Molecular Medicine, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany; German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK) Partner Site Rhein-Main, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Luo Y, Wu MY, Deng BQ, Huang J, Hwang SH, Li MY, Zhou CY, Zhang QY, Yu HB, Zhao DK, Zhang G, Qin L, Peng A, Hammock BD, Liu JY. Inhibition of soluble epoxide hydrolase attenuates a high-fat diet-mediated renal injury by activating PAX2 and AMPK. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2019; 116:5154-5159. [PMID: 30804206 PMCID: PMC6421466 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1815746116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A high-fat diet (HFD) causes obesity-associated morbidities involved in macroautophagy and chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA). AMPK, the mediator of macroautophage, has been reported to be inactivated in HFD-caused renal injury. However, PAX2, the mediator for CMA, has not been reported in HFD-caused renal injury. Here we report that HFD-caused renal injury involved the inactivation of Pax2 and Ampk, and the activation of soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH), in a murine model. Specifically, mice fed on an HFD for 2, 4, and 8 wk showed time-dependent renal injury, the significant decrease in renal Pax2 and Ampk at both mRNA and protein levels, and a significant increase in renal sEH at mRNA, protein, and molecular levels. Also, administration of an sEH inhibitor, 1-trifluoromethoxyphenyl-3-(1-propionylpiperidin-4-yl)urea, significantly attenuated the HFD-caused renal injury, decreased renal sEH consistently at mRNA and protein levels, modified the renal levels of sEH-mediated epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) and dihydroxyeicosatrienoic acids (DHETs) as expected, and increased renal Pax2 and Ampk at mRNA and/or protein levels. Furthermore, palmitic acid (PA) treatment caused significant increase in Mcp-1, and decrease in both Pax2 and Ampk in murine renal mesangial cells (mRMCs) time- and dose-dependently. Also, 14(15)-EET (a major substrate of sEH), but not its sEH-mediated metabolite 14,15-DHET, significantly reversed PA-induced increase in Mcp-1, and PA-induced decrease in Pax2 and Ampk. In addition, plasmid construction revealed that Pax2 may positively regulate Ampk transcriptionally in mRMCs. This study provides insights into and therapeutic target for the HFD-mediated renal injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Luo
- Center for Nephrology and Metabolomics, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 200072 Shanghai, People's Republic of China
- Division of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 200072 Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming-Yu Wu
- Center for Nephrology and Metabolomics, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 200072 Shanghai, People's Republic of China
- Division of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 200072 Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Bing-Qing Deng
- Center for Nephrology and Metabolomics, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 200072 Shanghai, People's Republic of China
- Division of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 200072 Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Huang
- Center for Nephrology and Metabolomics, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 200072 Shanghai, People's Republic of China
- Division of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 200072 Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Sung Hee Hwang
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA 95616
| | - Meng-Yuan Li
- Center for Nephrology and Metabolomics, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 200072 Shanghai, People's Republic of China
- Division of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 200072 Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Chun-Yu Zhou
- Center for Nephrology and Metabolomics, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 200072 Shanghai, People's Republic of China
- Division of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 200072 Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian-Yun Zhang
- Center for Nephrology and Metabolomics, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 200072 Shanghai, People's Republic of China
- Division of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 200072 Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Hai-Bo Yu
- Center for Nephrology and Metabolomics, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 200072 Shanghai, People's Republic of China
- Division of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 200072 Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Da-Ke Zhao
- Center for Nephrology and Metabolomics, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 200072 Shanghai, People's Republic of China
- Division of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 200072 Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Guodong Zhang
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Graduate Program, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003
| | - Ling Qin
- Center for Nephrology and Metabolomics, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 200072 Shanghai, People's Republic of China
- Division of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 200072 Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Ai Peng
- Center for Nephrology and Metabolomics, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 200072 Shanghai, People's Republic of China
- Division of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 200072 Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Bruce D Hammock
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616;
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA 95616
| | - Jun-Yan Liu
- Center for Nephrology and Metabolomics, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 200072 Shanghai, People's Republic of China;
- Division of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 200072 Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Gilani A, Pandey V, Garcia V, Agostinucci K, Singh SP, Schragenheim J, Bellner L, Falck JR, Paudyal MP, Capdevila JH, Abraham NG, Laniado Schwartzman M. High-fat diet-induced obesity and insulin resistance in CYP4a14 -/- mice is mediated by 20-HETE. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2018; 315:R934-R944. [PMID: 30088983 PMCID: PMC6295494 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00125.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2018] [Revised: 07/20/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
20-Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (20-HETE) has been shown to positively correlate with body mass index, hyperglycemia, and plasma insulin levels. This study seeks to identify a causal relationship between 20-HETE and obesity-driven insulin resistance. Cyp4a14-/- male mice, a model of 20-HETE overproduction, were fed a regular or high-fat diet (HFD) for 15 wk. 20-SOLA [2,5,8,11,14,17-hexaoxanonadecan-19-yl 20-hydroxyeicosa-6( Z),15( Z)-dienoate], a 20-HETE antagonist, was administered from week 0 or week 7 of HFD. HFD-fed mice gained significant weight (16.7 ± 3.2 vs. 3.8 ± 0.35 g, P < 0.05) and developed hyperglycemia (157 ± 3 vs. 121 ± 7 mg/dl, P < 0.05) and hyperinsulinemia (2.3 ± 0.4 vs. 0.5 ± 0.1 ng/ml, P < 0.05) compared with regular diet-fed mice. 20-SOLA attenuated HFD-induced weight gain (9.4 ± 1 vs. 16.7 ± 3 g, P < 0.05) and normalized the hyperglycemia (157 ± 7 vs. 102 ± 5 mg/dl, P < 0.05) and hyperinsulinemia (1.1 ± 0.1 vs. 2.3 ± 0.4 ng/ml, P < 0.05). The impaired glucose homeostasis and insulin resistance in HFD-fed mice evidenced by reduced insulin and glucose tolerance were also ameliorated by 20-SOLA. Circulatory and adipose tissue 20-HETE levels significantly increased in HFD-fed mice correlating with impaired insulin signaling, including reduction in insulin receptor tyrosine (Y972) phosphorylation and increased serine (S307) phosphorylation of the insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1). 20-SOLA treatments prevented changes in insulin signaling. These findings indicate that 20-HETE contributes to HFD-induced obesity, insulin resistance, and impaired insulin signaling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ankit Gilani
- Departments of Pharmacology, New York Medical College School of Medicine, Valhalla, New York
| | - Varunkumar Pandey
- Departments of Pharmacology, New York Medical College School of Medicine, Valhalla, New York
| | - Victor Garcia
- Departments of Pharmacology, New York Medical College School of Medicine, Valhalla, New York
| | - Kevin Agostinucci
- Departments of Pharmacology, New York Medical College School of Medicine, Valhalla, New York
| | - Shailendra P Singh
- Departments of Pharmacology, New York Medical College School of Medicine, Valhalla, New York
| | - Joseph Schragenheim
- Departments of Pharmacology, New York Medical College School of Medicine, Valhalla, New York
| | - Lars Bellner
- Departments of Pharmacology, New York Medical College School of Medicine, Valhalla, New York
| | - John R Falck
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Texas
| | - Mahesh P Paudyal
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Texas
| | - Jorge H Capdevila
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center , Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Nader G Abraham
- Departments of Pharmacology, New York Medical College School of Medicine, Valhalla, New York
- Department of Medicine, New York Medical College School of Medicine, Valhalla, New York
| | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Sonnweber T, Pizzini A, Nairz M, Weiss G, Tancevski I. Arachidonic Acid Metabolites in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19113285. [PMID: 30360467 PMCID: PMC6274989 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19113285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 253] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2018] [Revised: 10/20/2018] [Accepted: 10/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipid and immune pathways are crucial in the pathophysiology of metabolic and cardiovascular disease. Arachidonic acid (AA) and its derivatives link nutrient metabolism to immunity and inflammation, thus holding a key role in the emergence and progression of frequent diseases such as obesity, diabetes, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and cardiovascular disease. We herein present a synopsis of AA metabolism in human health, tissue homeostasis, and immunity, and explore the role of the AA metabolome in diverse pathophysiological conditions and diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Sonnweber
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck 6020, Austria.
| | - Alex Pizzini
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck 6020, Austria.
| | - Manfred Nairz
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck 6020, Austria.
| | - Günter Weiss
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck 6020, Austria.
| | - Ivan Tancevski
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck 6020, Austria.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Abstract
20-HETE, the ω-hydroxylation product of arachidonic acid catalyzed by enzymes of the cytochrome P450 (CYP) 4A and 4F gene families, is a bioactive lipid mediator with potent effects on the vasculature including stimulation of smooth muscle cell contractility, migration and proliferation as well as activation of endothelial cell dysfunction and inflammation. Clinical studies have shown elevated levels of plasma and urinary 20-HETE in human diseases and conditions such as hypertension, obesity and metabolic syndrome, myocardial infarction, stroke, and chronic kidney diseases. Studies of polymorphic associations also suggest an important role for 20-HETE in hypertension, stroke and myocardial infarction. Animal models of increased 20-HETE production are hypertensive and are more susceptible to cardiovascular injury. The current review summarizes recent findings that focus on the role of 20-HETE in the regulation of vascular and cardiac function and its contribution to the pathology of vascular and cardiac diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Petra Rocic
- Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College School of Medicine, Valhalla, NY, United States
| | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Soler A, Hunter I, Joseph G, Hutcheson R, Hutcheson B, Yang J, Zhang FF, Joshi SR, Bradford C, Gotlinger KH, Maniyar R, Falck JR, Proctor S, Schwartzman ML, Gupte SA, Rocic P. Elevated 20-HETE in metabolic syndrome regulates arterial stiffness and systolic hypertension via MMP12 activation. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2018; 117:88-99. [PMID: 29428638 PMCID: PMC5877315 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2018.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2017] [Revised: 01/08/2018] [Accepted: 02/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Arterial stiffness plays a causal role in development of systolic hypertension. 20-hydroxyeicosatetraeonic acid (20-HETE), a cytochrome P450 (CYP450)-derived arachidonic acid metabolite, is known to be elevated in resistance arteries in hypertensive animal models and loosely associated with obesity in humans. However, the role of 20-HETE in the regulation of large artery remodeling in metabolic syndrome has not been investigated. We hypothesized that elevated 20-HETE in metabolic syndrome increases matrix metalloproteinase 12 (MMP12) activation leading to increased degradation of elastin, increased large artery stiffness and increased systolic blood pressure. 20-HETE production was increased ~7 fold in large, conduit arteries of metabolic syndrome (JCR:LA-cp, JCR) vs. normal Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. This correlated with increased elastin degradation (~7 fold) and decreased arterial compliance (~75% JCR vs. SD). 20-HETE antagonists blocked elastin degradation in JCR rats concomitant with blocking MMP12 activation. 20-HETE antagonists normalized, and MMP12 inhibition (pharmacological and MMP12-shRNA-Lnv) significantly improved (~50% vs. untreated JCR) large artery compliance in JCR rats. 20-HETE antagonists also decreased systolic (182 ± 3 mmHg JCR, 145 ± 3 mmHg JCR + 20-HETE antagonists) but not diastolic blood pressure in JCR rats. Whereas diastolic pressure was fully angiotensin II (Ang II)-dependent, systolic pressure was only partially Ang II-dependent, and large artery stiffness was Ang II-independent. Thus, 20-HETE-dependent regulation of systolic blood pressure may be a unique feature of metabolic syndrome related to high 20-HETE production in large, conduit arteries, which results in increased large artery stiffness and systolic blood pressure. These findings may have implications for management of systolic hypertension in patients with metabolic syndrome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Soler
- Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, United States
| | - Ian Hunter
- Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, United States
| | - Gregory Joseph
- Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, United States
| | - Rebecca Hutcheson
- Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, United States
| | - Brenda Hutcheson
- Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, United States
| | - Jenny Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, United States
| | - Frank Fan Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, United States
| | - Sachindra Raj Joshi
- Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, United States
| | - Chastity Bradford
- Department of Biology, Tuskegee University, Tuskegee, AL 36088, United States
| | - Katherine H Gotlinger
- Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, United States
| | - Rachana Maniyar
- Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, United States
| | - John R Falck
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, United States
| | - Spencer Proctor
- Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases Laboratory, Alberta Institute for Human Nutrition, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E1, Canada
| | | | - Sachin A Gupte
- Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, United States
| | - Petra Rocic
- Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Yang Y, Dong R, Chen Z, Hu D, Fu M, Tang Y, Wang DW, Xu X, Tu L. Endothelium-specific CYP2J2 overexpression attenuates age-related insulin resistance. Aging Cell 2018; 17. [PMID: 29318723 PMCID: PMC5847864 DOI: 10.1111/acel.12718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Ample evidences demonstrate that cytochrome P450 epoxygenase‐derived epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) exert diverse biological activities, which include potent vasodilatory, anti‐inflammatory, and cardiovascular protective effects. In this study, we investigated the effects of endothelium‐specific CYP2J2 overexpression on age‐related insulin resistance and metabolic dysfunction. Endothelium‐specific targeting of the human CYP epoxygenase, CYP2J2, transgenic mice (Tie2‐CYP2J2‐Tr mice) was utilized. The effects of endothelium‐specific CYP2J2 overexpression on aging‐associated obesity, inflammation, and peripheral insulin resistance were evaluated by assessing metabolic parameters in young (3 months old) and aged (16 months old) adult male Tie2‐CYP2J2‐Tr mice. Decreased insulin sensitivity and attenuated insulin signaling in aged skeletal muscle, adipose tissue, and liver were observed in aged adult male mice, and moreover, these effects were partly inhibited in 16‐month‐old CYP2J2‐Tr mice. In addition, CYP2J2 overexpression‐mediated insulin sensitization in aged mice was associated with the amelioration of inflammatory state. Notably, the aging‐associated increases in fat mass and adipocyte size were only observed in 16‐month‐old wild‐type mice, and CYP2J2 overexpression markedly prevented the increase in fat mass and adipocyte size in aged Tie2‐CYP2J2‐Tr mice, which was associated with increased energy expenditure and decreased lipogenic genes expression. Furthermore, these antiaging phenotypes of Tie2‐CYP2J2‐Tr mice were also associated with increased muscle blood flow, enhanced active‐phase locomotor activity, and improved mitochondrial dysfunction in skeletal muscle. Collectively, our findings indicated that endothelium‐specific CYP2J2 overexpression alleviated age‐related insulin resistance and metabolic dysfunction, which highlighted CYP epoxygenase‐EET system as a potential target for combating aging‐related metabolic disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Yang
- Department of Geriatric Medicine; Tongji Hospital; Tongji Medical College; Huazhong University of Science and Technology; Wuhan China
| | - Ruolan Dong
- Department of Geriatric Medicine; Tongji Hospital; Tongji Medical College; Huazhong University of Science and Technology; Wuhan China
| | - Zhihui Chen
- Department of Geriatric Medicine; Tongji Hospital; Tongji Medical College; Huazhong University of Science and Technology; Wuhan China
| | - Danli Hu
- Department of Geriatric Medicine; Tongji Hospital; Tongji Medical College; Huazhong University of Science and Technology; Wuhan China
| | - Menglu Fu
- Department of Geriatric Medicine; Tongji Hospital; Tongji Medical College; Huazhong University of Science and Technology; Wuhan China
| | - Ying Tang
- Department of Geriatric Medicine; Tongji Hospital; Tongji Medical College; Huazhong University of Science and Technology; Wuhan China
| | - Dao Wen Wang
- Hubei Key laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders and Division of Cardiology; Department of Internal Medicine; Tongji Hospital; Tongji Medical College; Huazhong University of Science and Technology; Wuhan China
| | - Xizhen Xu
- Hubei Key laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders and Division of Cardiology; Department of Internal Medicine; Tongji Hospital; Tongji Medical College; Huazhong University of Science and Technology; Wuhan China
| | - Ling Tu
- Department of Geriatric Medicine; Tongji Hospital; Tongji Medical College; Huazhong University of Science and Technology; Wuhan China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Altered Protein Expression of Cardiac CYP2J and Hepatic CYP2C, CYP4A, and CYP4F in a Mouse Model of Type II Diabetes-A Link in the Onset and Development of Cardiovascular Disease? Pharmaceutics 2017; 9:pharmaceutics9040044. [PMID: 29023376 PMCID: PMC5750650 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics9040044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2017] [Revised: 09/30/2017] [Accepted: 10/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Arachidonic acid can be metabolized by cytochrome P450 (CYP450) enzymes in a tissue- and cell-specific manner to generate vasoactive products such as epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs-cardioprotective) and hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids (HETEs-cardiotoxic). Type II diabetes is a well-recognized risk factor for developing cardiovascular disease. A mouse model of Type II diabetes (C57BLKS/J-db/db) was used. After sacrifice, livers and hearts were collected, washed, and snap frozen. Total proteins were extracted. Western blots were performed to assess cardiac CYP2J and hepatic CYP2C, CYP4A, and CYP4F protein expression, respectively. Significant decreases in relative protein expression of cardiac CYP2J and hepatic CYP2C were observed in Type II diabetes animals compared to controls (CYP2J: 0.80 ± 0.03 vs. 1.05 ± 0.06, n = 20, p < 0.001); (CYP2C: 1.56 ± 0.17 vs. 2.21 ± 0.19, n = 19, p < 0.01). In contrast, significant increases in relative protein expression of both hepatic CYP4A and CYP4F were noted in Type II diabetes mice compared to controls (CYP4A: 1.06 ± 0.09 vs. 0.18 ± 0.01, n = 19, p < 0.001); (CYP4F: 2.53 ± 0.22 vs. 1.10 ± 0.07, n = 19, p < 0.001). These alterations induced by Type II diabetes in the endogenous pathway (CYP450) of arachidonic acid metabolism may increase the risk for cardiovascular disease by disrupting the fine equilibrium between cardioprotective (CYP2J/CYP2C-generated) and cardiotoxic (CYP4A/CYP4F-generated) metabolites of arachidonic acid.
Collapse
|
18
|
Gangadhariah MH, Dieckmann BW, Lantier L, Kang L, Wasserman DH, Chiusa M, Caskey CF, Dickerson J, Luo P, Gamboa JL, Capdevila JH, Imig JD, Yu C, Pozzi A, Luther JM. Cytochrome P450 epoxygenase-derived epoxyeicosatrienoic acids contribute to insulin sensitivity in mice and in humans. Diabetologia 2017; 60:1066-1075. [PMID: 28352940 PMCID: PMC5921930 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-017-4260-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2016] [Accepted: 02/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Insulin resistance is frequently associated with hypertension and type 2 diabetes. The cytochrome P450 (CYP) arachidonic acid epoxygenases (CYP2C, CYP2J) and their epoxyeicosatrienoic acid (EET) products lower blood pressure and may also improve glucose homeostasis. However, the direct contribution of endogenous EET production on insulin sensitivity has not been previously investigated. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that endogenous CYP2C-derived EETs alter insulin sensitivity by analysing mice lacking CYP2C44, a major EET producing enzyme, and by testing the association of plasma EETs with insulin sensitivity in humans. METHODS We assessed insulin sensitivity in wild-type (WT) and Cyp2c44 -/- mice using hyperinsulinaemic-euglycaemic clamps and isolated skeletal muscle. Insulin secretory function was assessed using hyperglycaemic clamps and isolated islets. Vascular function was tested in isolated perfused mesenteric vessels. Insulin sensitivity and secretion were assessed in humans using frequently sampled intravenous glucose tolerance tests and plasma EETs were measured by mass spectrometry. RESULTS Cyp2c44 -/- mice showed decreased glucose tolerance (639 ± 39.5 vs 808 ± 37.7 mmol/l × min for glucose tolerance tests, p = 0.004) and insulin sensitivity compared with WT controls (hyperinsulinaemic clamp glucose infusion rate average during terminal 30 min 0.22 ± 0.02 vs 0.33 ± 0.01 mmol kg-1 min-1 in WT and Cyp2c44 -/- mice respectively, p = 0.003). Although glucose uptake was diminished in Cyp2c44 -/- mice in vivo (gastrocnemius Rg 16.4 ± 2.0 vs 6.2 ± 1.7 μmol 100 g-1 min-1, p < 0.01) insulin-stimulated glucose uptake was unchanged ex vivo in isolated skeletal muscle. Capillary density was similar but vascular KATP-induced relaxation was impaired in isolated Cyp2c44 -/- vessels (maximal response 39.3 ± 6.5% of control, p < 0.001), suggesting that impaired vascular reactivity produces impaired insulin sensitivity in vivo. Similarly, plasma EETs positively correlated with insulin sensitivity in human participants. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION CYP2C-derived EETs contribute to insulin sensitivity in mice and in humans. Interventions to increase circulating EETs in humans could provide a novel approach to improve insulin sensitivity and treat hypertension.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mahesha H Gangadhariah
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Medical Center North B3109, Nashville, TN, 37232-6602, USA
| | - Blake W Dieckmann
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Medical Center North B3109, Nashville, TN, 37232-6602, USA
| | - Louise Lantier
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Li Kang
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - David H Wasserman
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Manuel Chiusa
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Medical Center North B3109, Nashville, TN, 37232-6602, USA
| | - Charles F Caskey
- Department of Radiologic Sciences, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Jaime Dickerson
- Florida Atlantic University Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine, Boca Raton, FL, USA
| | - Pengcheng Luo
- Huangshi Central Hospital, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jorge L Gamboa
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Jorge H Capdevila
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Medical Center North B3109, Nashville, TN, 37232-6602, USA
| | - John D Imig
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Cardiovascular Research Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Chang Yu
- Department of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Ambra Pozzi
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Medical Center North B3109, Nashville, TN, 37232-6602, USA.
- Department of Veterans Affairs, Nashville, TN, USA.
| | - James M Luther
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Medical Center North B3109, Nashville, TN, 37232-6602, USA.
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Elshenawy OH, Shoieb SM, Mohamed A, El-Kadi AOS. Clinical Implications of 20-Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic Acid in the Kidney, Liver, Lung and Brain: An Emerging Therapeutic Target. Pharmaceutics 2017; 9:pharmaceutics9010009. [PMID: 28230738 PMCID: PMC5374375 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics9010009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2017] [Accepted: 02/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytochrome P450-mediated metabolism of arachidonic acid (AA) is an important pathway for the formation of eicosanoids. The ω-hydroxylation of AA generates significant levels of 20-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (20-HETE) in various tissues. In the current review, we discussed the role of 20-HETE in the kidney, liver, lung, and brain during physiological and pathophysiological states. Moreover, we discussed the role of 20-HETE in tumor formation, metabolic syndrome and diabetes. In the kidney, 20-HETE is involved in modulation of preglomerular vascular tone and tubular ion transport. Furthermore, 20-HETE is involved in renal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury and polycystic kidney diseases. The role of 20-HETE in the liver is not clearly understood although it represents 50%-75% of liver CYP-dependent AA metabolism, and it is associated with liver cirrhotic ascites. In the respiratory system, 20-HETE plays a role in pulmonary cell survival, pulmonary vascular tone and tone of the airways. As for the brain, 20-HETE is involved in cerebral I/R injury. Moreover, 20-HETE has angiogenic and mitogenic properties and thus helps in tumor promotion. Several inhibitors and inducers of the synthesis of 20-HETE as well as 20-HETE analogues and antagonists are recently available and could be promising therapeutic options for the treatment of many disease states in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Osama H Elshenawy
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G 2E1, AB, Canada.
| | - Sherif M Shoieb
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G 2E1, AB, Canada.
| | - Anwar Mohamed
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G 2E1, AB, Canada.
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Ayman O S El-Kadi
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G 2E1, AB, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Wang W, Yang J, Qi W, Yang H, Wang C, Tan B, Hammock BD, Park Y, Kim D, Zhang G. Lipidomic profiling of high-fat diet-induced obesity in mice: Importance of cytochrome P450-derived fatty acid epoxides. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2017; 25:132-140. [PMID: 27891824 PMCID: PMC5182168 DOI: 10.1002/oby.21692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2016] [Revised: 09/21/2016] [Accepted: 09/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Enzymatic metabolism of polyunsaturated fatty acids leads to formation of bioactive lipid metabolites (LMs). Previous studies have shown that obesity leads to deregulation of LMs in adipose tissues. However, most previous studies have focused on a single or limited number of LMs, and few systematical analyses have been carried out. METHODS A LC-MS/MS-based lipidomics approach was used, which can analyze >100 LMs produced by cyclooxygenase, lipoxygenase, and cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes, to analyze the profile of LMs in high-fat diet-induced obesity in mice. RESULTS LC-MS/MS showed that high-fat feeding significantly modulated profiles of LMs in adipose tissues. Among the three major polyunsaturated fatty acid metabolizing pathways (cyclooxygenase, lipoxygenase, and CYP), CYP-derived fatty acid epoxides were the most dramatically altered LMs. Almost all types of fatty acid epoxides were reduced by 70% to 90% in adipose tissues of high-fat diet-fed mice. Consistent with the reduced levels of fatty acid epoxides, the gene expression of several CYP epoxygenases, including Cyp2j5, Cyp2j6, and Cyp2c44, was significantly reduced in adipose tissues of high-fat diet-fed mice. CONCLUSIONS Results show that CYP-derived fatty acid epoxides are the most responsive LMs in high-fat diet-induced obesity, suggesting that these LMs could play critical roles in obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weicang Wang
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, 01003
| | - Jun Yang
- Department of Entomology and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616
| | - Weipeng Qi
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, 01003
| | - Haixia Yang
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, 01003
| | - Chang Wang
- Department of Entomology and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616
| | - Bowen Tan
- Department of Entomology and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616
| | - Bruce D. Hammock
- Department of Entomology and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616
| | - Yeonhwa Park
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, 01003
| | - Daeyoung Kim
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, 01003
| | - Guodong Zhang
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, 01003
- To whom correspondence should be addressed: Guodong Zhang, Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA. , Tel: 413-4541014, Fax: 413-5451262
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Hepatic Overexpression of CD36 Improves Glycogen Homeostasis and Attenuates High-Fat Diet-Induced Hepatic Steatosis and Insulin Resistance. Mol Cell Biol 2016; 36:2715-2727. [PMID: 27528620 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.00138-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2016] [Accepted: 08/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The common complications in obesity and type 2 diabetes include hepatic steatosis and disruption of glucose-glycogen homeostasis, leading to hyperglycemia. Fatty acid translocase (FAT/CD36), whose expression is inducible in obesity, is known for its function in fatty acid uptake. Previous work by us and others suggested that CD36 plays an important role in hepatic lipid homeostasis, but the results have been conflicting and the mechanisms were not well understood. In this study, by using CD36-overexpressing transgenic (CD36Tg) mice, we uncovered a surprising function of CD36 in regulating glycogen homeostasis. Overexpression of CD36 promoted glycogen synthesis, and as a result, CD36Tg mice were protected from fasting hypoglycemia. When challenged with a high-fat diet (HFD), CD36Tg mice showed unexpected attenuation of hepatic steatosis, increased very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) secretion, and improved glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity. The HFD-fed CD36Tg mice also showed decreased levels of proinflammatory hepatic prostaglandins and 20-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (20-HETE), a potent vasoconstrictive and proinflammatory arachidonic acid metabolite. We propose that CD36 functions as a protective metabolic sensor in the liver under lipid overload and metabolic stress. CD36 may be explored as a valuable therapeutic target for the management of metabolic syndrome.
Collapse
|
22
|
Wells MA, Vendrov KC, Edin ML, Ferslew BC, Zha W, Nguyen BKH, Church RJ, Lih FB, DeGraff LM, Brouwer KLR, Barritt AS, Zeldin DC, Lee CR. Characterization of the Cytochrome P450 epoxyeicosanoid pathway in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 2016; 125:19-29. [PMID: 27401401 DOI: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2016.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2016] [Revised: 05/24/2016] [Accepted: 07/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is an emerging public health problem without effective therapies. Cytochrome P450 (CYP) epoxygenases metabolize arachidonic acid into bioactive epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs), which have potent anti-inflammatory and protective effects. However, the functional relevance of the CYP epoxyeicosanoid metabolism pathway in the pathogenesis of NASH remains poorly understood. Our studies demonstrate that both mice with methionine-choline deficient (MCD) diet-induced NASH and humans with biopsy-confirmed NASH exhibited significantly higher free EET concentrations compared to healthy controls. Targeted disruption of Ephx2 (the gene encoding for soluble epoxide hydrolase) in mice further increased EET levels and significantly attenuated MCD diet-induced hepatic steatosis, inflammation and injury, as well as high fat diet-induced adipose tissue inflammation, systemic glucose intolerance and hepatic steatosis. Collectively, these findings suggest that dysregulation of the CYP epoxyeicosanoid pathway is a key pathological consequence of NASH in vivo, and promoting the anti-inflammatory and protective effects of EETs warrants further investigation as a novel therapeutic strategy for NASH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael A Wells
- Division of Pharmacotherapy and Experimental Therapeutics, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Kimberly C Vendrov
- Division of Pharmacotherapy and Experimental Therapeutics, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Matthew L Edin
- Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC, United States
| | - Brian C Ferslew
- Division of Pharmacotherapy and Experimental Therapeutics, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Weibin Zha
- Division of Pharmacotherapy and Experimental Therapeutics, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Bobbie K H Nguyen
- Division of Pharmacotherapy and Experimental Therapeutics, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Rachel J Church
- University of North Carolina Institute for Drug Safety Sciences, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Fred B Lih
- Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC, United States
| | - Laura M DeGraff
- Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC, United States
| | - Kim L R Brouwer
- Division of Pharmacotherapy and Experimental Therapeutics, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - A Sidney Barritt
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, UNC School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Darryl C Zeldin
- Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC, United States
| | - Craig R Lee
- Division of Pharmacotherapy and Experimental Therapeutics, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
The role of 20-HETE in cardiovascular diseases and its risk factors. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 2016; 125:108-17. [PMID: 27287720 DOI: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2016.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2016] [Revised: 04/20/2016] [Accepted: 05/31/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Arachidonic acid (AA) is metabolized in mammals by enzymes of the CYP4A and 4F families to 20-hydroxyeicosatetraeonic acid (20-HETE) which plays an important role in the regulation of renal function, vascular tone and arterial pressure. In the vasculature, 20-HETE is a potent vasoconstrictor, the up-regulation of which contributes to inflammation, oxidative stress, endothelial dysfunction and an increase in peripheral vascular resistance in models of obesity, diabetes, ischemia/reperfusion, and vascular oxidative stress. Recent studies have established a role for 20-HETE in normal and pathological angiogenic conditions. We discuss in this review the synthesis of 20-HETE and how it and various autacoids, especially the renin-angiotensin system, interact to promote hypertension, vasoconstriction, and vascular dysfunction. In addition, we examine the molecular mechanisms through which 20-HETE induces these actions and the clinical implication of inhibiting 20-HETE production and activity.
Collapse
|
24
|
Wang X, Hai C. Redox modulation of adipocyte differentiation: hypothesis of "Redox Chain" and novel insights into intervention of adipogenesis and obesity. Free Radic Biol Med 2015; 89:99-125. [PMID: 26187871 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2015.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2015] [Revised: 06/19/2015] [Accepted: 07/08/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
In view of the global prevalence of obesity and obesity-associated disorders, it is important to clearly understand how adipose tissue forms. Accumulating data from various laboratories implicate that redox status is closely associated with energy metabolism. Thus, biochemical regulation of the redox system may be an attractive alternative for the treatment of obesity-related disorders. In this work, we will review the current data detailing the role of the redox system in adipocyte differentiation, as well as identifying areas for further research. The redox system affects adipogenic differentiation in an extensive way. We propose that there is a complex and interactive "redox chain," consisting of a "ROS-generating enzyme chain," "combined antioxidant chain," and "transcription factor chain," which contributes to fine-tune the regulation of ROS level and subsequent biological consequences. The roles of the redox system in adipocyte differentiation are paradoxical. The redox system exerts a "tridimensional" mechanism in the regulation of adipocyte differentiation, including transcriptional, epigenetic, and posttranslational modulations. We suggest that redoxomic techniques should be extensively applied to understand the biological effects of redox alterations in a more integrated way. A stable and standardized "redox index" is urgently needed for the evaluation of the general redox status. Therefore, more effort should be made to establish and maintain a general redox balance rather than to conduct simple prooxidant or antioxidant interventions, which have comprehensive implications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wang
- Department of Toxicology, Shaanxi Key Lab of Free Radical Biology and Medicine, the Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, School of Public Health, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
| | - Chunxu Hai
- Department of Toxicology, Shaanxi Key Lab of Free Radical Biology and Medicine, the Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, School of Public Health, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Yang L, Mäki-Petäjä K, Cheriyan J, McEniery C, Wilkinson IB. The role of epoxyeicosatrienoic acids in the cardiovascular system. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2015; 80:28-44. [PMID: 25655310 PMCID: PMC4500322 DOI: 10.1111/bcp.12603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2014] [Revised: 01/19/2015] [Accepted: 01/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
There is increasing evidence suggesting that epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) play an important role in cardioprotective mechanisms. These include regulating vascular tone, modulating inflammatory responses, improving cardiomyocyte function and reducing ischaemic damage, resulting in attenuation of animal models of cardiovascular risk factors. This review discusses the current knowledge on the role of EETs in endothelium-dependent control of vascular tone in the healthy and in subjects with cardiovascular risk factors, and considers the pharmacological potential of targeting this pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Yang
- Experimental Medicine and Immunotherapeutics, Department of Medicine, Box 110, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - K Mäki-Petäjä
- Experimental Medicine and Immunotherapeutics, Department of Medicine, Box 110, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - J Cheriyan
- Experimental Medicine and Immunotherapeutics, Department of Medicine, Box 110, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - C McEniery
- Experimental Medicine and Immunotherapeutics, Department of Medicine, Box 110, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - I B Wilkinson
- Experimental Medicine and Immunotherapeutics, Department of Medicine, Box 110, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Guo Y, Cui JY, Lu H, Klaassen CD. Effect of various diets on the expression of phase-I drug-metabolizing enzymes in livers of mice. Xenobiotica 2015; 45:586-97. [PMID: 25733028 DOI: 10.3109/00498254.2015.1006300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
1. Previous studies have shown that diets can alter the metabolism of drugs; however, it is difficult to compare the effects of multiple diets on drug metabolism among different experimental settings. Phase-I-related genes play a major role in the biotransformation of pro-drugs and drugs. 2. In the current study, effects of nine diets on the mRNA expression of phase-I drug metabolizing enzymes in livers of mice were simultaneously investigated. Compared to the AIN-93M purified diet (control), 73 of the 132 critical phase-I drug-metabolizing genes were differentially regulated by at least one diet. Diet restriction produced the largest number of changed genes (51), followed by the atherogenic diet (27), high-fat diet (25), standard rodent chow (21), western diet (20), high-fructose diet (5), EFA deficient diet (3) and low n-3 FA diet (1). The mRNAs of the Fmo family changed most, followed by Cyp2b and 4a subfamilies, as well as Por (from 1121- to 21-fold increase of theses mRNAs). There were 59 genes not altered by any of these diets. 3. The present results may improve the interpretation of studies with mice and aid in determining effective and safe doses for individuals with different nutritional diets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Guo
- Department of Ethnopharmacology, Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University , Changsha, Hunan , People's Republic of China
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Garcia V, Cheng J, Weidenhammer A, Ding Y, Wu CC, Zhang F, Gotlinger K, Falck JR, Schwartzman ML. Androgen-induced hypertension in angiotensinogen deficient mice: role of 20-HETE and EETS. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 2014; 116-117:124-30. [PMID: 25526688 DOI: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2014.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2014] [Revised: 11/25/2014] [Accepted: 12/02/2014] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
20-HETE is a potent inducer of endothelial ACE in vitro and administration of lisinopril or losartan attenuates blood pressure in models of 20-HETE-dependent hypertension. The present study was undertaken to further define the relationship between 20-HETE and the renin-angiotensin system in hypertension using an angiotensinogen-deficient mouse (Agt+/-). Treatment of male AGT+/- with 5α-dihydrotestosterone (DHT) increased systolic BP from 102±2 to 125±3mmHg; in comparison, the same treatment raised BP in wild type (WT) from 110±2 to 138±2mmHg. DHT increased vascular 20-HETE levels in AGT+/- and WT from 1.5±0.7 and 2.1±0.6 to 13.0±2.0 and 15.8±4.0ng/mg, respectively. Concurrent treatment with the 20-HETE antagonist, 20-hydroxyeicosa-6(Z),15(Z)-dienoic acid (20-HEDE) prevented the increases in BP in both AGT+/- and WT mice. Administration of 20-HEDE at the peak of the DHT-induced BP increase (12 days) reduced BP to basal levels after 48h. Interestingly, basal levels of renal microvascular EETs were higher in AGT+/- compared to WT (55.2±9.7 vs 20.0±4.1ng/mg) and treatment of AGT+/- with DHT decreased the levels of EETs (28.4±5.1ng/mg). DHT-mediated changes in vascular EET level were not observed in WT mice. Vascular Cyp4a12 and ACE protein levels were increased in both AGT+/- and WT by 30-40% and decreased with concomitant administration of 20-HEDE. Lisinopril was as effective as 20-HEDE in preventing DHT-mediated increases in BP in both AGT+/- and WT mice. This study substantiates our previous findings that the RAS plays an important role in 20-HETE-mediated hypertension. It also proposes a novel interaction between 20-HETE and EETs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Victor Garcia
- Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, United States.
| | - Jennifer Cheng
- Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, United States
| | - Adam Weidenhammer
- Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, United States
| | - Yan Ding
- Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, United States
| | - Cheng-Chia Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, United States
| | - Fan Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, United States
| | - Katherine Gotlinger
- Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, United States
| | - John R Falck
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Michal L Schwartzman
- Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, United States
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Schuck RN, Zha W, Edin ML, Gruzdev A, Vendrov KC, Miller TM, Xu Z, Lih FB, DeGraff LM, Tomer KB, Jones HM, Makowski L, Huang L, Poloyac SM, Zeldin DC, Lee CR. The cytochrome P450 epoxygenase pathway regulates the hepatic inflammatory response in fatty liver disease. PLoS One 2014; 9:e110162. [PMID: 25310404 PMCID: PMC4195706 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0110162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2014] [Accepted: 09/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Fatty liver disease is an emerging public health problem without effective therapies, and chronic hepatic inflammation is a key pathologic mediator in its progression. Cytochrome P450 (CYP) epoxygenases metabolize arachidonic acid to biologically active epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs), which have potent anti-inflammatory effects. Although promoting the effects of EETs elicits anti-inflammatory and protective effects in the cardiovascular system, the contribution of CYP-derived EETs to the regulation of fatty liver disease-associated inflammation and injury is unknown. Using the atherogenic diet model of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease/non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NAFLD/NASH), our studies demonstrated that induction of fatty liver disease significantly and preferentially suppresses hepatic CYP epoxygenase expression and activity, and both hepatic and circulating levels of EETs in mice. Furthermore, mice with targeted disruption of Ephx2 (the gene encoding soluble epoxide hydrolase) exhibited restored hepatic and circulating EET levels and a significantly attenuated induction of hepatic inflammation and injury. Collectively, these data suggest that suppression of hepatic CYP-mediated EET biosynthesis is an important pathological consequence of fatty liver disease-associated inflammation, and that the CYP epoxygenase pathway is a central regulator of the hepatic inflammatory response in NAFLD/NASH. Future studies investigating the utility of therapeutic strategies that promote the effects of CYP-derived EETs in NAFLD/NASH are warranted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robert N. Schuck
- Division of Pharmacotherapy and Experimental Therapeutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Weibin Zha
- Division of Pharmacotherapy and Experimental Therapeutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Matthew L. Edin
- Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Artiom Gruzdev
- Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Kimberly C. Vendrov
- Division of Pharmacotherapy and Experimental Therapeutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Tricia M. Miller
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Zhenghong Xu
- Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Fred B. Lih
- Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Laura M. DeGraff
- Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Kenneth B. Tomer
- Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - H. Michael Jones
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Liza Makowski
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Leaf Huang
- Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Samuel M. Poloyac
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Darryl C. Zeldin
- Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Craig R. Lee
- Division of Pharmacotherapy and Experimental Therapeutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Zha W, Edin ML, Vendrov KC, Schuck RN, Lih FB, Jat JL, Bradbury JA, DeGraff LM, Hua K, Tomer KB, Falck JR, Zeldin DC, Lee CR. Functional characterization of cytochrome P450-derived epoxyeicosatrienoic acids in adipogenesis and obesity. J Lipid Res 2014; 55:2124-36. [PMID: 25114171 PMCID: PMC4174005 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.m053199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipogenesis plays a critical role in the initiation and progression of obesity. Although cytochrome P450 (CYP)-derived epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) have emerged as a potential therapeutic target for cardiometabolic disease, the functional contribution of EETs to adipogenesis and the pathogenesis of obesity remain poorly understood. Our studies demonstrated that induction of adipogenesis in differentiated 3T3-L1 cells (in vitro) and obesity-associated adipose expansion in high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice (in vivo) significantly dysregulate the CYP epoxygenase pathway and evoke a marked suppression of adipose-derived EET levels. Subsequent in vitro experiments demonstrated that exogenous EET analog administration elicits potent anti-adipogenic effects via inhibition of the early phase of adipogenesis. Furthermore, EET analog administration to mice significantly mitigated HFD-induced weight gain, adipose tissue expansion, pro-adipogenic gene expression, and glucose intolerance. Collectively, these findings suggest that suppression of EET bioavailability in adipose tissue is a key pathological consequence of obesity, and strategies that promote the protective effects of EETs in adipose tissue offer enormous therapeutic potential for obesity and its downstream pathological consequences.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weibin Zha
- Division of Pharmacotherapy and Experimental Therapeutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Matthew L. Edin
- Laboratory of Respiratory Biology, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC
| | - Kimberly C. Vendrov
- Division of Pharmacotherapy and Experimental Therapeutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Robert N. Schuck
- Division of Pharmacotherapy and Experimental Therapeutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Fred B. Lih
- Laboratory of Respiratory Biology, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC
| | - Jawahar Lal Jat
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - J. Alyce Bradbury
- Laboratory of Respiratory Biology, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC
| | - Laura M. DeGraff
- Laboratory of Respiratory Biology, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC
| | - Kunjie Hua
- UNC Nutrition Obesity Research Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Kenneth B. Tomer
- Laboratory of Respiratory Biology, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC
| | - John R. Falck
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - Darryl C. Zeldin
- Laboratory of Respiratory Biology, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC
| | - Craig R. Lee
- Division of Pharmacotherapy and Experimental Therapeutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Jin Z, Berthiaume JM, Li Q, Henry F, Huang Z, Sadhukhan S, Gao P, Tochtrop GP, Puchowicz MA, Zhang GF. Catabolism of (2E)-4-hydroxy-2-nonenal via ω- and ω-1-oxidation stimulated by ketogenic diet. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:32327-32338. [PMID: 25274632 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.602458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress triggers the peroxidation of ω-6-polyunsaturated fatty acids to reactive lipid fragments, including (2E)-4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (HNE). We previously reported two parallel catabolic pathways of HNE. In this study, we report a novel metabolite that accumulates in rat liver perfused with HNE or 4-hydroxynonanoic acid (HNA), identified as 3-(5-oxotetrahydro-2-furanyl)propanoyl-CoA. In experiments using a combination of isotopic analysis and metabolomics studies, three catabolic pathways of HNE were delineated following HNE conversion to HNA. (i) HNA is ω-hydroxylated to 4,9-dihydroxynonanoic acid, which is subsequently oxidized to 4-hydroxynonanedioic acid. This is followed by the degradation of 4-hydroxynonanedioic acid via β-oxidation originating from C-9 of HNA breaking down to 4-hydroxynonanedioyl-CoA, 4-hydroxyheptanedioyl-CoA, or its lactone, 2-hydroxyglutaryl-CoA, and 2-ketoglutaric acid entering the citric acid cycle. (ii) ω-1-hydroxylation of HNA leads to 4,8-dihydroxynonanoic acid (4,8-DHNA), which is subsequently catabolized via two parallel pathways we previously reported. In catabolic pathway A, 4,8-DHNA is catabolized to 4-phospho-8-hydroxynonanoyl-CoA, 3,8-dihydroxynonanoyl-CoA, 6-hydroxyheptanoyl-CoA, 4-hydroxypentanoyl-CoA, propionyl-CoA, and acetyl-CoA. (iii) The catabolic pathway B of 4,8-DHNA leads to 2,6-dihydroxyheptanoyl-CoA, 5-hydroxyhexanoyl-CoA, 3-hydroxybutyryl-CoA, and acetyl-CoA. Both in vivo and in vitro experiments showed that HNE can be catabolically disposed via ω- and ω-1-oxidation in rat liver and kidney, with little activity in brain and heart. Dietary experiments showed that ω- and ω-1-hydroxylation of HNA in rat liver were dramatically up-regulated by a ketogenic diet, which lowered HNE basal level. HET0016 inhibition and mRNA expression level suggested that the cytochrome P450 4A are main enzymes responsible for the NADPH-dependent ω- and ω-1-hydroxylation of HNA/HNE.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhicheng Jin
- Departments of Nutrition, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106
| | - Jessica M Berthiaume
- Departments of Nutrition, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106; Departments of Physiology and Biophysics, and Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106
| | - Qingling Li
- Departments of Nutrition, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106
| | - Fabrice Henry
- Departments of Nutrition, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106
| | - Zhong Huang
- Departments of Nutrition, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106
| | - Sushabhan Sadhukhan
- Departments of Chemistry, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106
| | - Peng Gao
- Departments of Chemistry, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106
| | - Gregory P Tochtrop
- Departments of Chemistry, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106
| | - Michelle A Puchowicz
- Departments of Nutrition, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106
| | - Guo-Fang Zhang
- Departments of Nutrition, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Fleming I. The Pharmacology of the Cytochrome P450 Epoxygenase/Soluble Epoxide Hydrolase Axis in the Vasculature and Cardiovascular Disease. Pharmacol Rev 2014; 66:1106-40. [DOI: 10.1124/pr.113.007781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
|
32
|
Corrêa TD, Jeger V, Pereira AJ, Takala J, Djafarzadeh S, Jakob SM. Angiotensin II in Septic Shock. Crit Care Med 2014; 42:e550-9. [DOI: 10.1097/ccm.0000000000000397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
|
33
|
Benoit B, Plaisancié P, Awada M, Géloën A, Estienne M, Capel F, Malpuech-Brugère C, Debard C, Pesenti S, Morio B, Vidal H, Rieusset J, Michalski MC. High-fat diet action on adiposity, inflammation, and insulin sensitivity depends on the control low-fat diet. Nutr Res 2013; 33:952-60. [PMID: 24176235 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2013.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2013] [Revised: 07/11/2013] [Accepted: 07/24/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Animal studies using a high-fat diet (HFD) have studied the effects of lipid overconsumption by comparing a defined HFD either with a natural-ingredient chow diet or with a defined low-fat diet (LFD), despite the dramatic differences between these control diets. We hypothesized that these differences in the control diet could modify the conclusions regarding the effects that an increase of fat in the diet has on several metabolic parameters. For 11 weeks, C57bl6/J mice were fed a low-fat chow diet (8% energy from fat), a typical semisynthetic LFD (12%), or a semisynthetic HFD (sy-HF) (40%). Conclusions about the effect of sy-HF on body weight gain, subcutaneous adipose tissue, insulin sensitivity, and adipose tissue inflammation were modified according to the control LFD. Conversely, conclusions about epididymal and retroperitoneal adipose tissue; fat intake effects on liver and muscular lipids, cholesterol, free fatty acids, and markers of low-grade inflammation; and of adipose tissue macrophage infiltration were the same regardless of the use of low-fat chow diet or semisynthetic LFD. For some physiological outcomes, conflicting conclusions were even reached about the effects of increased fat intake according to the chosen low-fat control. Some deleterious effects of sy-HF may not be explained by lipid overconsumption but rather by the overall quality of ingredients in a semisynthetic diet. According to the control LFD chosen, conclusions on the lipid-related effects of HFDs must be formulated with great care because some end points are profoundly affected by the ingredient composition of the diet rather than by fat content.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bérengère Benoit
- Lyon University, Univ Lyon-1, Villeurbanne, France; INSA-Lyon, IMBL, Villeurbanne, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Kim DH, Puri N, Sodhi K, Falck JR, Abraham NG, Shapiro J, Schwartzman ML. Cyclooxygenase-2 dependent metabolism of 20-HETE increases adiposity and adipocyte enlargement in mesenchymal stem cell-derived adipocytes. J Lipid Res 2013; 54:786-793. [PMID: 23293373 PMCID: PMC3617952 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.m033894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
20-Hydroxy-5,8,11,14-eicosatetraenoic acid (20-HETE), a product of the cytochrome
P450 (CYP)-catalyzed ω-hydroxylation of arachidonic acid, induces
oxidative stress and, in clinical studies, is associated with increased body
mass index (BMI) and the metabolic syndrome. This study was designed to examine
the effects of exogenous 20-HETE on mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-derived
adipocytes. The expression levels of CYP4A11 and CYP4F2 (major 20-HETE synthases
in humans) in MSCs decreased during adipocyte differentiation; however,
exogenous administration of 20-HETE (0.1–1 μM) increased adipogenesis
in a dose-dependent manner in these cells (P < 0.05). The
inability of a 20-HETE analog to reproduce these effects suggested the
involvement of a metabolic product of 20-HETE in mediating its pro-adipogenic
effects. A cyclooxygenase (COX)-1 selective inhibitor enhanced, whereas a COX-2
selective or a dual COX-1/2 inhibitor attenuated adipogenesis induced by
20-HETE. The COX-derived metabolite of 20-HETE, 20-OH-PGE2, enhanced
adipogenesis and lipid accumulation in MSCs. The pro-adipogenic effects of
20-HETE and 20-OH-PGE2 resulted in the increased expression of the
adipogenic regulators PPARγ and β-catenin in MSC-derived adipocytes.
Taken together we show for the first time that 20-HETE-derived COX-2-dependent
20-OH-PGE2 enhances mature inflamed adipocyte hypertrophy in MSC
undergoing adipogenic differentiation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dong Hyun Kim
- Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV
| | - Nitin Puri
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Toledo College of Medicine, Toledo, OH
| | - Komal Sodhi
- Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV
| | - John R Falck
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center of Dallas, Dallas, TX
| | - Nader G Abraham
- Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV
| | - Joseph Shapiro
- Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV
| | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Issan Y, Hochhauser E, Guo A, Gotlinger KH, Kornowski R, Leshem-Lev D, Lev E, Porat E, Snir E, Thompson CI, Abraham NG, Laniado-Schwartzman M. Elevated level of pro-inflammatory eicosanoids and EPC dysfunction in diabetic patients with cardiac ischemia. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 2013; 100-101:15-21. [PMID: 23291334 DOI: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2012.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2012] [Revised: 12/13/2012] [Accepted: 12/14/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Circulating endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) are recruited from the blood system to sites of ischemia and endothelial damage, where they contribute to the repair and development of blood vessels. Since numerous eicosanoids including leukotrienes (LTs) and hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids (HETEs) have been shown to exert potent pro-inflammatory activities, we examined their levels in chronic diabetic patients with severe cardiac ischemia in conjunction with the level and function of EPCs. RESULTS Lipidomic analysis revealed a diabetes-specific increase (p<0.05) in inflammatory and angiogenic eicosanoids including the 5-lipoxygenase-derived LTB (4.11±1.17 vs. 0.96±0.27 ng/ml), the lipoxygenase/CYP-derived 12-HETE (117.08±35.05 vs. 24.34±10.03 ng/ml), 12-HETrE (17.56±4.43 vs. 4.15±2.07 ng/ml), and the CYP-derived 20-HETE (0.32±0.04 vs. 0.06±0.05 ng/ml) the level of which correlated with BMI (p=0.0027). In contrast, levels of the CYP-derived EETs were not significantly (p=0.36) different between these two groups. EPC levels and their colony-forming units were lower (p<0.05) with a reduced viability in diabetic patients compared with non-diabetics. EPC function (colony-forming units (CFUs) and MTT assay) also negatively correlated with the circulating levels of HgA1C. CONCLUSION This study demonstrates a close association between elevated levels of highly pro-inflammatory eicosonoids, diabetes and EPC dysfunction in patients with cardiac ischemia, indicating that chronic inflammation impact negatively on EPC function and angiogenic capacity in diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yossi Issan
- Cardiac Research Laboratory at the Felsenstein Medical Research Institute, Rabin Medical Center, Petah-Tikva and the Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Israel
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Hardwick JP, Eckman K, Lee YK, Abdelmegeed MA, Esterle A, Chilian WM, Chiang JY, Song BJ. Eicosanoids in metabolic syndrome. ADVANCES IN PHARMACOLOGY (SAN DIEGO, CALIF.) 2013; 66:157-266. [PMID: 23433458 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-404717-4.00005-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Chronic persistent inflammation plays a significant role in disease pathology of cancer, cardiovascular disease, and metabolic syndrome (MetS). MetS is a constellation of diseases that include obesity, diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, hypertriglyceridemia, and hypercholesterolemia. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is associated with many of the MetS diseases. These metabolic derangements trigger a persistent inflammatory cascade, which includes production of lipid autacoids (eicosanoids) that recruit immune cells to the site of injury and subsequent expression of cytokines and chemokines that amplify the inflammatory response. In acute inflammation, the transcellular synthesis of antiinflammatory eicosanoids resolve inflammation, while persistent activation of the autacoid-cytokine-chemokine cascade in metabolic disease leads to chronic inflammation and accompanying tissue pathology. Many drugs targeting the eicosanoid pathways have been shown to be effective in the treatment of MetS, suggesting a common linkage between inflammation, MetS and drug metabolism. The cross-talk between inflammation and MetS seems apparent because of the growing evidence linking immune cell activation and metabolic disorders such as insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and hypertriglyceridemia. Thus modulation of lipid metabolism through either dietary adjustment or selective drugs may become a new paradigm in the treatment of metabolic disorders. This review focuses on the mechanisms linking eicosanoid metabolism to persistent inflammation and altered lipid and carbohydrate metabolism in MetS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- James P Hardwick
- Biochemistry and Molecular Pathology, Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, Ohio, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Theken KN, Schuck RN, Edin ML, Tran B, Ellis K, Bass A, Lih FB, Tomer KB, Poloyac SM, Wu MC, Hinderliter AL, Zeldin DC, Stouffer GA, Lee CR. Evaluation of cytochrome P450-derived eicosanoids in humans with stable atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Atherosclerosis 2012; 222:530-6. [PMID: 22503544 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2012.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2011] [Revised: 02/24/2012] [Accepted: 03/18/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Preclinical and genetic epidemiologic studies suggest that modulating cytochrome P450 (CYP)-mediated arachidonic acid metabolism may have therapeutic utility in the management of coronary artery disease (CAD). However, predictors of inter-individual variation in CYP-derived eicosanoid metabolites in CAD patients have not been evaluated to date. Therefore, the primary objective was to identify clinical factors that influence CYP epoxygenase, soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH), and CYP ω-hydroxylase metabolism in patients with established CAD. METHODS Plasma levels of epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs), dihydroxyeicosatrienoic acids (DHETs), and 20-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (20-HETE) were quantified by HPLC-MS/MS in a population of patients with stable, angiographically confirmed CAD (N=82) and healthy volunteers from the local community (N=36). Predictors of CYP epoxygenase, sEH, and CYP ω-hydroxylase metabolic function were evaluated by regression. RESULTS Obesity was significantly associated with low plasma EET levels and 14,15-EET:14,15-DHET ratios. Age, diabetes, and cigarette smoking also were significantly associated with CYP epoxygenase and sEH metabolic activity, while only renin-angiotensin system inhibitor use was associated with CYP ω-hydroxylase metabolic activity. Compared to healthy volunteers, both obese and non-obese CAD patients had significantly higher plasma EETs (P<0.01) and epoxide:diol ratios (P<0.01), whereas no difference in 20-HETE levels was observed (P=NS). CONCLUSIONS Collectively, these findings suggest that CYP-mediated eicosanoid metabolism is dysregulated in certain subsets of CAD patients, and demonstrate that biomarkers of CYP epoxygenase and sEH, but not CYP ω-hydroxylase, metabolism are altered in stable CAD patients relative to healthy individuals. Future studies are necessary to determine the therapeutic utility of modulating these pathways in patients with CAD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katherine N Theken
- Division of Pharmacotherapy and Experimental Therapeutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|