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Teague WG, Griffiths CD, Boyd K, Kellams SC, Lawrence M, Offerle TL, Heymann P, Brand W, Greenwell A, Middleton J, Wavell K, Payne J, Spano M, Etter E, Wall B, Borish L. A novel syndrome of silent rhinovirus-associated bronchoalveolitis in children with recurrent wheeze. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2024; 154:571-579.e6. [PMID: 38761997 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2024.04.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rhinovirus (RV) infections trigger wheeze episodes in children. Thus, understanding of the lung inflammatory response to RV in children with wheeze is important. OBJECTIVES This study sought to examine the associations of RV on bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) granulocyte patterns and biomarkers of inflammation with age in children with treatment-refractory, recurrent wheeze (n = 616). METHODS Children underwent BAL to examine viral nucleic acid sequences, bacterial cultures, granulocyte counts, and phlebotomy for both general and type-2 inflammatory markers. RESULTS Despite the absence of cold symptoms, RV was the most common pathogen detected (30%), and when present, was accompanied by BAL granulocytosis in 75% of children. Compared to children with no BAL pathogens (n = 341), those with RV alone (n = 127) had greater (P < .05) isolated neutrophilia (43% vs 16%), mixed eosinophils and neutrophils (26% vs 11%), and less pauci-granulocytic (27% vs 61%) BAL. Children with RV alone furthermore had biomarkers of active infection with higher total blood neutrophils and serum C-reactive protein, but no differences in blood eosinophils or total IgE. With advancing age, the log odds of BAL RV alone were lower, 0.82 (5th-95th percentile CI: 0.76-0.88; P < .001), but higher, 1.58 (5th-95th percentile CI: 1.01-2.51; P = .04), with high-dose daily corticosteroid treatment. CONCLUSIONS Children with severe recurrent wheeze often (22%) have a silent syndrome of lung RV infection with granulocytic bronchoalveolitis and elevated systemic markers of inflammation. The syndrome is less prevalent by school age and is not informed by markers of type-2 inflammation. The investigators speculate that dysregulated mucosal innate antiviral immunity is a responsible mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Gerald Teague
- Child Health Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Va; Beirne Carter Center for Immunology Research, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Va; Division of Respiratory Medicine, Allergy, Immunology, and Sleep, Department of Pediatrics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Va.
| | - Cameron D Griffiths
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Va
| | - Kelly Boyd
- Division of Asthma, Allergy, and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Va
| | - Stella C Kellams
- Child Health Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Va
| | - Monica Lawrence
- Division of Asthma, Allergy, and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Va
| | - Thomas L Offerle
- Division of Asthma, Allergy, and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Va
| | - Peter Heymann
- Child Health Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Va; Division of Respiratory Medicine, Allergy, Immunology, and Sleep, Department of Pediatrics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Va
| | - William Brand
- Pediatric Otolaryngology, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Va
| | - Ariana Greenwell
- Pediatric Otolaryngology, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Va
| | - Jeremy Middleton
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Va
| | - Kristin Wavell
- Child Health Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Va; Division of Respiratory Medicine, Allergy, Immunology, and Sleep, Department of Pediatrics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Va
| | - Jacqueline Payne
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Allergy, Immunology, and Sleep, Department of Pediatrics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Va
| | - Marthajoy Spano
- Beirne Carter Center for Immunology Research, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Va; Division of Asthma, Allergy, and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Va
| | - Elaine Etter
- Division of Asthma, Allergy, and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Va
| | - Brittany Wall
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Allergy, Immunology, and Sleep, Department of Pediatrics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Va
| | - Larry Borish
- Beirne Carter Center for Immunology Research, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Va; Division of Asthma, Allergy, and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Va; Department of Microbiology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Va
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2
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Piersma SJ. Tissue-specific features of innate lymphoid cells in antiviral defense. Cell Mol Immunol 2024; 21:1036-1050. [PMID: 38684766 PMCID: PMC11364677 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-024-01161-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Innate lymphocytes (ILCs) rapidly respond to and protect against invading pathogens and cancer. ILCs include natural killer (NK) cells, ILC1s, ILC2s, ILC3s, and lymphoid tissue inducer (LTi) cells and include type I, type II, and type III immune cells. While NK cells have been well recognized for their role in antiviral immunity, other ILC subtypes are emerging as players in antiviral defense. Each ILC subset has specialized functions that uniquely impact the antiviral immunity and health of the host depending on the tissue microenvironment. This review focuses on the specialized functions of each ILC subtype and their roles in antiviral immune responses across tissues. Several viruses within infection-prone tissues will be highlighted to provide an overview of the extent of the ILC immunity within tissues and emphasize common versus virus-specific responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sytse J Piersma
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA.
- Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA.
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3
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Huang F, Liu F, Zhen X, Gong S, Chen W, Song Z. Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Treatment of Infectious Rhinosinusitis. Microorganisms 2024; 12:1690. [PMID: 39203531 PMCID: PMC11357447 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12081690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2024] [Revised: 08/10/2024] [Accepted: 08/14/2024] [Indexed: 09/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Rhinosinusitis is a common inflammatory disease of the sinonasal mucosa and paranasal sinuses. The pathogenesis of rhinosinusitis involves a variety of factors, including genetics, nasal microbiota status, infection, and environmental influences. Pathogenic microorganisms, including viruses, bacteria, and fungi, have been proven to target the cilia and/or epithelial cells of ciliated airways, which results in the impairment of mucociliary clearance, leading to epithelial cell apoptosis and the loss of epithelial barrier integrity and immune dysregulation, thereby facilitating infection. However, the mechanisms employed by pathogenic microorganisms in rhinosinusitis remain unclear. Therefore, this review describes the types of common pathogenic microorganisms that cause rhinosinusitis, including human rhinovirus, respiratory syncytial virus, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Aspergillus species, etc. The damage of mucosal cilium clearance and epithelial barrier caused by surface proteins or secreted virulence factors are summarized in detail. In addition, the specific inflammatory response, mainly Type 1 immune responses (Th1) and Type 2 immune responses (Th2), induced by the entry of pathogens into the body is discussed. The conventional treatment of infectious sinusitis and emerging treatment methods including nanotechnology are also discussed in order to improve the current understanding of the types of microorganisms that cause rhinosinusitis and to help effectively select surgical and/or therapeutic interventions for precise and personalized treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fujiao Huang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Fangyan Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Xiaofang Zhen
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Shu Gong
- The Public Platform of Cell Biotechnology, Public Center of Experimental Technology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Wenbi Chen
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Zhangyong Song
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
- Molecular Biotechnology Platform, Public Center of Experimental Technology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
- Hemodynamics and Medical Engineering Combination Key Laboratory of Luzhou, Luzhou 646000, China
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4
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Rupani H, Busse WW, Howarth PH, Bardin PG, Adcock IM, Konno S, Jackson DJ. Therapeutic relevance of eosinophilic inflammation and airway viral interactions in severe asthma. Allergy 2024. [PMID: 39087443 DOI: 10.1111/all.16242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
The role of eosinophils in airway inflammation and asthma pathogenesis is well established, with raised eosinophil counts in blood and sputum associated with increased disease severity and risk of asthma exacerbation. Conversely, there is also preliminary evidence suggesting antiviral properties of eosinophils in the airways. These dual roles for eosinophils are particularly pertinent as respiratory virus infections contribute to asthma exacerbations. Biologic therapies targeting key molecules implicated in eosinophil-associated pathologies have been approved in patients with severe asthma and, therefore, the effects of depleting eosinophils in a clinical setting are of considerable interest. This review discusses the pathological and antiviral roles of eosinophils in asthma and exacerbations. We also highlight the significant reduction in asthma exacerbations seen with biologic therapies, even at the height of the respiratory virus season. Furthermore, we discuss the implications of these findings in relation to the role of eosinophils in inflammation and antiviral responses to respiratory virus infection in asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hitasha Rupani
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, Hampshire, UK
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, Hampshire, UK
| | - William W Busse
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Peter H Howarth
- Global Medical, Global Specialty and Primary Care, GSK, Brentford, Middlesex, UK
| | - Philip G Bardin
- Monash Lung Sleep Allergy and Immunology, Monash University and Medical Centre and Hudson Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ian M Adcock
- Airway Disease Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Satoshi Konno
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - David J Jackson
- Guy's Severe Asthma Centre, Guy's and St Thomas' Hospitals, London, UK
- School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
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5
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Hassan GF, Cohen LS, Alexander-Brett J. IL-33: Friend or foe in transplantation? J Heart Lung Transplant 2024; 43:1235-1240. [PMID: 38452960 PMCID: PMC11246814 DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2024.02.1459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Several reports have highlighted the dichotomous nature of the Interleukin-33 (IL-33) system in cardiac and lung disease, where this cytokine can exert both protective effects and drive pro-inflammatory responses in a context-specific manner. This State-of-the-Art review focuses on preclinical mechanistic studies of the IL-33 system in development of allograft rejection in heart and lung transplantation. We address the scope of potential cellular sources of IL-33 and pathways for cellular release that may impact the study of this cytokine system in transplant models. We then highlight soluble IL-33 receptor as a biomarker in cardiac allograft rejection and detail preclinical models that collectively demonstrate a role for this cytokine in driving type-2 immune programs to protect cardiac allografts. We contrast this with investigation of IL-33 in lung transplantation, which has yielded mixed and somewhat conflicting results when comparing human studies with preclinical models, which have implicated the IL-33 system in both allograft tolerance and acceleration of chronic rejection. We summarize and interpret these results in aggregate and provide future directions for study of IL-33 in heart and lung transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghandi F Hassan
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri
| | - Lucy S Cohen
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri
| | - Jen Alexander-Brett
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri; Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri.
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6
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Wu K, Zhang Y, Yin-DeClue H, Sun K, Mao D, Yang K, Austin SR, Crouch EC, Brody SL, Byers DE, Hoffmann CM, Hughes ME, Holtzman MJ. A correctable immune niche for epithelial stem cell reprogramming and post-viral lung diseases. J Clin Invest 2024; 134:e183092. [PMID: 39052353 PMCID: PMC11405052 DOI: 10.1172/jci183092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Epithelial barriers are programmed for defense and repair but are also the site of long-term structural remodeling and disease. In general, this paradigm features epithelial stem cells (ESCs) that are called on to regenerate damaged tissues but can also be reprogrammed for detrimental remodeling. Here we identified a Wfdc21-dependent monocyte-derived dendritic cell (moDC) population that functioned as an early sentinel niche for basal ESC reprogramming in mouse models of epithelial injury after respiratory viral infection. Niche function depended on moDC delivery of ligand GPNMB to the basal ESC receptor CD44 so that properly timed antibody blockade of ligand or receptor provided long-lasting correction of reprogramming and broad disease phenotypes. These same control points worked directly in mouse and human basal ESC organoids. Together, the findings identify a mechanism to explain and modify what is otherwise a stereotyped but sometimes detrimental response to epithelial injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kangyun Wu
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine
| | - Yong Zhang
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine
| | | | - Kelly Sun
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine
| | - Dailing Mao
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine
| | - Kuangying Yang
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine
| | | | | | - Steven L Brody
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine
| | - Derek E Byers
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine
| | | | - Michael E Hughes
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine
- Department of Genetics, and
| | - Michael J Holtzman
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
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7
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Schrumpf JA, Ninaber DK, Müller C, Rankl B, Tham M, von Mutius E, Smits HH, Hiemstra PS. Farm Dust Exposure Reduces Cytokine- and Rhinovirus-Induced IL-33 Expression in Bronchial Epithelial Cells. Clin Exp Allergy 2024. [PMID: 38955345 DOI: 10.1111/cea.14535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Jasmijn A Schrumpf
- Department of Pulmonology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Dennis K Ninaber
- Department of Pulmonology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Christoph Müller
- Department of Pharmacy, Center for Drug Research, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Bettina Rankl
- Institute for Asthma and Allergy Prevention, IAP, Helmholtz-Center Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Mikaela Tham
- Department of Pulmonology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Erika von Mutius
- Institute for Asthma and Allergy Prevention, IAP, Helmholtz-Center Munich, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, Comprehensive Pneumology Center - Munich (CPC-M), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Hermelijn H Smits
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Pieter S Hiemstra
- Department of Pulmonology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
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8
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Ji Y, Wang E, Mohammed MT, Hameed N, Christodoulou MI, Liu X, Zhou W, Fang Z, Jia N, Yu H, Zhou Z, Sun Y, Huang SK, McSharry C, Zhong NS, Xiao X, Li J, Xu D. Selective production of IL-33-neutralizing autoantibody ameliorates asthma responses and severity. Clin Immunol 2024; 264:110234. [PMID: 38740111 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2024.110234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Natural anti-cytokine autoantibodies can regulate homeostasis of infectious and inflammatory diseases. The anti-cytokine autoantibody profile and relevance to the pathogenesis of asthma are unknown. We aim to identify key anti-cytokine autoantibodies in asthma patients, and reveal their immunological function and clinical significance. METHODS A Luciferase Immunoprecipitation System was used to screen serum autoantibodies against 11 key cytokines in patients with allergic asthma and healthy donors. The antigen-specificity, immunomodulatory functions and clinical significance of anti-cytokine autoantibodies were determined by ELISA, qPCR, neutralization assays and statistical analysis, respectively. Potential conditions for autoantibody induction were revealed by in vitro immunization. RESULTS Of 11 cytokines tested, only anti-IL-33 autoantibody was significantly increased in asthma, compare to healthy controls, and the proportion positive was higher in patients with mild-to-moderate than severe allergic asthma. In allergic asthma patients, the anti-IL-33 autoantibody level correlated negatively with serum concentration of pathogenic cytokines (e.g., IL-4, IL-13, IL-25 and IL-33), IgE, and blood eosinophil count, but positively with mid-expiratory flow FEF25-75%. The autoantibodies were predominantly IgG isotype, polyclonal and could neutralize IL-33-induced pathogenic responses in vitro and in vivo. The induction of the anti-IL-33 autoantibody in blood B-cells in vitro required peptide IL-33 antigen along with a stimulation cocktail of TLR9 agonist and cytokines IL-2, IL-4 or IL-21. CONCLUSIONS Serum natural anti-IL-33 autoantibodies are selectively induced in some asthma patients. They ameliorate key asthma inflammatory responses, and may improve lung function of allergic asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Ji
- Department of General Practice Medicine, Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory for Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging, National-Regional Key Technology Engineering Laboratory for Medical Ultrasound, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen University Medical school, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Eryi Wang
- Department of General Practice Medicine, Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Mohammed T Mohammed
- Faculty of Veterinary medicine, University of Kufa, Kufa, Iraq; School of Infection and Immunity, 120 University Place, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Najwa Hameed
- School of Infection and Immunity, 120 University Place, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Maria-Ioanna Christodoulou
- School of Infection and Immunity, 120 University Place, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK; Tumor Immunology and Biomarkers Laboratory, Basic and Translational Cancer Research Center, Department of Life Sciences, School of Sciences, European University Cyprus, Nicosia 2404, Cyprus
| | - Xiaoyu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease for Allergy at Shenzhen University, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease for Allergy at Shenzhen University, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhangfu Fang
- Department of General Practice Medicine, Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China; State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease for Allergy at Shenzhen University, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Nan Jia
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong, China
| | - Haiqiong Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease for Allergy at Shenzhen University, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China; Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhenwen Zhou
- Clinical Laboratory, Longgang District Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Ying Sun
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Science, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shau-Ku Huang
- Department of General Practice Medicine, Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Taipei, Taiwan, China; Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Charles McSharry
- School of Infection and Immunity, 120 University Place, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Nan-Shan Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaojun Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease for Allergy at Shenzhen University, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong, China.
| | - Damo Xu
- Department of General Practice Medicine, Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China; State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease for Allergy at Shenzhen University, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China.
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9
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Du X, Li Y, Xu Y, Yang Y, Li C, Chen Y, Lv Z, Corrigan CJ, Zhang D, Zhang L, Ying S, Wang W. Airways epithelial exposure to Streptococcus pneumoniae in the presence of the alarmin IL-33 induces a novel subset of pro-inflammatory ILC2s promoting a mixed inflammatory response. Inflamm Res 2024; 73:1239-1252. [PMID: 38844678 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-024-01896-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/01/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We have previously shown that asthma-like airways inflammation may be induced by topical exposure to respiratory tract pathogens such as S. pneumoniae (SP) in concert with epithelial alarmins such as IL-33. Details of the pathogenesis of this murine surrogate remain however unexplored. METHODS Airways inflammation was induced by repeated, intranasal exposure of Il-4-/-, Rag1-/- and Rag2-/-Il2rg-/- mice (in which B lymphocyte IgE switching, adaptive and innate immunity are respectively ablated) as well as wild type mice to inactivated SP, IL-33 or both. Airways pathological changes were analysed, and the subsets and functions of locally accumulated ILC2s investigated by single cell RNA sequencing and flow cytometry. RESULTS In the presence of IL-33, repeated exposure of the airways to inactivated SP caused marked eosinophil- and neutrophil-rich inflammation and local accumulation of ILC2s, which was retained in the Il-4-/- and Rag1-/- deficient mice but abolished in the Rag2-/-Il2rg-/- mice, an effect partly reversed by adoptive transfer of ILC2s. Single cell sequencing analysis of ILC2s recruited following SP and IL-33 exposure revealed a Klrg1+Ly6a+subset, expressing particularly elevated quantities of the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-6, type 2 cytokines (IL-5 and IL-13) and MHC class II molecules, promoting type 2 inflammation as well as involved in neutrophil-mediated inflammatory responses. CONCLUSION Local accumulation of KLRG1+Ly6a+ ILC2s in the lung tissue is a critical aspect of the pathogenesis of airways eosinophilic and neutrophil-rich inflammation induced by repeated exposure to SP in the presence of the epithelial alarmin IL-33.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaonan Du
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, 10 Xi TouTiao, You An Men Wai, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Allergy, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100730, China
- Beijing Institute of Otolaryngology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Nasal Disease, Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Ministry of Education, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100005, China
- Beijing Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, Beijing Municipal Education Commission, Beijing, 100069, China
- Research Unit, Diagnosis and Treatment of Chronic Nasal Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100005, China
| | - Yingjie Xu
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, 10 Xi TouTiao, You An Men Wai, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Yiran Yang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, 10 Xi TouTiao, You An Men Wai, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Chenduo Li
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, 10 Xi TouTiao, You An Men Wai, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Yan Chen
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, 10 Xi TouTiao, You An Men Wai, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Zhe Lv
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, 10 Xi TouTiao, You An Men Wai, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Chris J Corrigan
- King's Centre for Lung Health, School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, King's College London, London, SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Dong Zhang
- Medical Research Center, Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine and Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Luo Zhang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Allergy, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100730, China
- Beijing Institute of Otolaryngology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Nasal Disease, Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Ministry of Education, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100005, China
- Beijing Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, Beijing Municipal Education Commission, Beijing, 100069, China
- Research Unit, Diagnosis and Treatment of Chronic Nasal Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100005, China
| | - Sun Ying
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, 10 Xi TouTiao, You An Men Wai, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100069, China.
- Beijing Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, Beijing Municipal Education Commission, Beijing, 100069, China.
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, 10 Xi TouTiao, You An Men Wai, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100069, China.
- Beijing Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, Beijing Municipal Education Commission, Beijing, 100069, China.
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10
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Yang CY, Shih YH, Lung CC. The association between COVID-19 vaccine/infection and new-onset asthma in children - based on the global TriNetX database. Infection 2024:10.1007/s15010-024-02329-3. [PMID: 38904891 DOI: 10.1007/s15010-024-02329-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The COVID-19 pandemic has underscored the importance of its potential long-term health effects, including its link to new-onset asthma in children. Asthma significantly impacts children's health, causing adverse outcomes and increased absenteeism. Emerging evidence suggests a potential association between COVID-19 infection and higher rates of new-onset asthma in adults, raising concerns about its impact on children's respiratory health. METHODS A retrospective cohort study design was employed, using electronic medical records from the TriNetX database, covering January 1, 2021, to December 31, 2022. Two cohorts of children aged 5 to 18 who underwent SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR testing were analyzed: unvaccinated children with and without COVID-19 infection, and vaccinated children with and without infection. Propensity score matching was used to mitigate selection bias, and hazard ratio (HR) and 95% CI were calculated to assess the risk of new-onset asthma. RESULTS Our study found a significantly higher incidence of new-onset asthma in COVID-19 infected children compared to uninfected children, regardless of vaccination status. In Cohort 1, 4.7% of COVID-19 infected children without vaccination developed new-onset asthma, versus 2.0% in their non-COVID-19 counterparts within a year (HR = 2.26; 95% CI = 2.158-2.367). For Cohort 2, COVID-19 infected children with vaccination showed an 8.3% incidence of new-onset asthma, higher than the 3.1% in those not infected (HR = 2.745; 95% CI = 2.521-2.99). Subgroup analyses further identified higher risks in males, children aged 5-12 years, and Black or African American children. Sensitivity analyses confirmed the reliability of these findings. CONCLUSION The study highlights a strong link between COVID-19 infection and an increased risk of new-onset asthma in children, which is even more marked in those vaccinated. This emphasizes the critical need for ongoing monitoring and customized healthcare strategies to mitigate the long-term respiratory impacts of COVID-19 in children, advocating for thorough strategies to manage and prevent asthma amidst the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiao-Yu Yang
- Department of Occupational Health Nursing Center, Institute of Public Health, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung City, Taiwan
- Department of Public Health, Chung Shan Medical University, No. 110, Sec. 1 Jianguo N.Rd., Taichung City, 40201, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hsiang Shih
- Department of Public Health, Chung Shan Medical University, No. 110, Sec. 1 Jianguo N.Rd., Taichung City, 40201, Taiwan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Chi Lung
- Department of Public Health, Chung Shan Medical University, No. 110, Sec. 1 Jianguo N.Rd., Taichung City, 40201, Taiwan.
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City, Taiwan.
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung City, Taiwan.
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11
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Sang L, Gong X, Huang Y, Zhang L, Sun J. Immunotherapeutic implications on targeting the cytokines produced in rhinovirus-induced immunoreactions. FRONTIERS IN ALLERGY 2024; 5:1427762. [PMID: 38859875 PMCID: PMC11163110 DOI: 10.3389/falgy.2024.1427762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Rhinovirus is a widespread virus associated with several respiratory diseases, especially asthma exacerbation. Currently, there are no accurate therapies for rhinovirus. Encouragingly, it is found that during rhinovirus-induced immunoreactions the levels of certain cytokines in patients' serum will alter. These cytokines may have pivotal pro-inflammatory or anti-inflammatory effects via their specific mechanisms. Thus far, studies have shown that inhibitions of cytokines such as IL-1, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-13, IL-18, IL-25, and IL-33 may attenuate rhinovirus-induced immunoreactions, thereby relieving rhinovirus infection. Furthermore, such therapeutics for rhinovirus infection can be applied to viruses of other species, with certain practicability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Sang
- Department of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing City, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xia Gong
- Department of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing City, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yunlei Huang
- Department of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing City, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Linling Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shaoxing People’s Hospital, Shaoxing City, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jian Sun
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shaoxing People’s Hospital, Shaoxing City, Zhejiang Province, China
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12
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Nakagome K, Nagata M. The Possible Roles of IL-4/IL-13 in the Development of Eosinophil-Predominant Severe Asthma. Biomolecules 2024; 14:546. [PMID: 38785953 PMCID: PMC11117569 DOI: 10.3390/biom14050546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2024] [Revised: 04/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Bronchial asthma is characterized by airway inflammation, airway hyperresponsiveness, and reversible airway obstruction. Eosinophils contribute to the pathogenesis of airway disease mainly by releasing eosinophil-specific granules, lipid mediators, superoxide anions, and their DNA. Type-2 cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-13 also play roles in the development of bronchial asthma. Among these cytokines, IL-4 is involved in T-cell differentiation, B-cell activation, B-cell differentiation into plasma cells, and the production of immunoglobulin E. Although IL-13 has similar effects to IL-4, IL-13 mainly affects structural cells, such as epithelial cells, smooth muscle cells, and fibroblasts. IL-13 induces the differentiation of goblet cells that produce mucus and induces the airway remodeling, including smooth muscle hypertrophy. IL-4 and IL-13 do not directly activate the effector functions of eosinophils; however, they can induce eosinophilic airway inflammation by upregulating the expression of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (for adhesion) and CC chemokine receptor 3 ligands (for migration). Dupilumab, a human anti-IL-4 receptor α monoclonal antibody that inhibits IL-4 and IL-13 signaling, decreases asthma exacerbations and mucus plugs and increases lung function in moderate to severe asthma. In addition, dupilumab is effective for chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps and for atopic dermatitis, and IL-4/IL-13 blocking is expected to suppress allergen sensitization, including transcutaneous sensitization and atopic march.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuyuki Nakagome
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Saitama 350-0495, Japan
- Allergy Center, Saitama Medical University, Saitama 350-0495, Japan
| | - Makoto Nagata
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Saitama 350-0495, Japan
- Allergy Center, Saitama Medical University, Saitama 350-0495, Japan
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13
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Yang S, Guo R, Meng X, Zhang Y. AIM2 participates in house dust mite (HDM)-induced epithelial dysfunctions and ovalbumin (OVA)-induced allergic asthma in infant mice. J Asthma 2024; 61:479-490. [PMID: 38078661 DOI: 10.1080/02770903.2023.2289157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Objective: Allergen sensitization and high rates of concomitant allergic diseases are characteristic of severe pediatric asthma. The present study was aimed to explore the mechanism of allergic asthma via bioinformatics and experiment investigation. Methods: The GSE27011 dataset contained the expression profiles of normal and pediatric asthma white blood cells was downloaded for analyzing the different expression genes and function enrichment. The allergic asthma model in infant mice was established by ovalbumin (OVA) stimulation. The cellular model was established by house dust mite (HDM)-stimulation in human bronchial epithelial cells. The absent in melanoma 2 (AIM2) knockdown was achieved by intranasal lentivirus injection or cell infection. The bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) was collected for cell counting and ELISA assessment of cytokines. Lung tissues were collected for HE staining and immunohistochemical (IHC) staining. Real-time PCR and immunoblotting were used for the determination of key gene expressions in mouse and cell models. Results: upregulation of AIM2 gene expression was observed in pediatric asthma patients based on GSE27011 and OVA-induced infant mouse allergic asthma model. AIM2 knockdown ameliorated OVA caused elevation in airway hyper-responsiveness (AHR), elevation in cell quantities (eosinophils, neutrophils, lymphocytes), and levels of cytokines (IL-4, IL-13, TNF-α, and OVA-specific IgE) in BALF. Moreover, AIM2 knockdown relieved OVA-caused histopathological alterations in mouse lungs, up-regulation of AIM2 levels, and NOD1 and receptor-interacting protein 2 (RIP2) protein levels, as well as p65 phosphorylation. In the cell model, AIM2 knockdown partially ameliorated HDM-induced epithelial dysfunctions by promoting cell viability, down-regulating inflammatory cytokines levels, and decreasing the protein levels of AIM2, NOD1, RIP2, and phosphorylated p65. Conclusion: AIM2 participates in HDM-induced epithelial dysfunctions and OVA-induced allergic asthma progression. AIM2 could be a promising target for pediatric allergic asthma treatment regimens, which warrants further in vivo investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengzhi Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, Hunan Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Changsha, PR China
| | - Ru Guo
- Department of Pediatrics, Hunan Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Changsha, PR China
| | - Xianmei Meng
- Department of Pediatrics, Hunan Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Changsha, PR China
| | - Yunhong Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Hunan Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Changsha, PR China
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14
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Suh DI, Johnston SL. The Wiser Strategy of Using Beta-Agonists in Asthma: Mechanisms and Rationales. ALLERGY, ASTHMA & IMMUNOLOGY RESEARCH 2024; 16:217-234. [PMID: 38910281 PMCID: PMC11199159 DOI: 10.4168/aair.2024.16.3.217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2024] [Revised: 05/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
Concerns regarding the safety of beta-2 agonists have led to revisions of the major asthma guidelines to better address these issues. Although these updates allow for a combination of previous and current strategies, they may confuse clinical practitioners. Beta-2 agonists are vital for alleviating asthma symptoms by relaxing smooth muscles; however, they also pose significant risks by inducing pro-inflammatory mediators both in vitro and in vivo. In addition to the risks of overuse and symptom masking, the use of beta-agonists alone at therapeutic doses can worsen airway inflammation and enhance virus-induced inflammation during asthma exacerbation. Inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) can effectively prevent these adverse effects. With new insights into the mechanisms of these adverse events, reserving short-acting beta-agonists for acute symptom relief during exacerbations and only for those who are already on ICS or oral steroids represents a careful approach to using beta-agonists with least adverse effects in patients with asthma. However, a major drawback of this approach is the potential non-compliance with ICS, leading to beta-agonist use without the necessary counteraction by ICS. An optimal strategy, both during and outside exacerbations, would integrate beta-agonists into an anti-inflammatory regimen that includes ICS, ideally combined with the same inhaler to ensure their concurrent use where finances allow. This would maintain the beneficial effects of beta-agonists, such as bronchodilation, while preventing the adverse effects from the induction of inflammatory mediators. This method is aligned with diverse clinical settings, maximizes the safe use of beta-agonists, and supports a comprehensive guideline-compliant management strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong In Suh
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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15
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Yuan L, Sun C. The protective effects of Arctiin in asthma by attenuating airway inflammation and inhibiting p38/NF-κB signaling. Aging (Albany NY) 2024; 16:5038-5049. [PMID: 38546350 PMCID: PMC11006498 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
Asthma is a common chronic inflammatory disease of the airways, which affects millions of people worldwide. Arctiin, a bioactive molecule derived from the traditional Chinese Burdock, has not been previously reported for its effects on asthma in infants. In this study, an asthma model was established in mice by stimulation with ovalbumin (OVA). Bronchoalveolar lavage (BALF) was collected from OVA-challenged mice and the cells were counted. Lung tissue was harvested for hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining and measurement of Wet/Dry weight ratios. The expressions of proteins were detected using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and Western blots. The superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in lung tissue was measured using a commercial kit. We found that Arctiin had beneficial effects on asthma treatment. Firstly, it attenuated OVA-challenged lung pathological alterations. Secondly, it ameliorated pro-inflammatory response by reducing the number of inflammatory cells and mitigating the imbalance of Th1/Th2 factors in the bronchoalveolar lavage (BALF) of OVA-challenged mice. Importantly, Arctiin ameliorated OVA-induced lung tissue impairment and improved lung function. Additionally, we observed that oxidative stress (OS) in the pulmonary tissue of OVA-challenged mice was ameliorated by Arctiin. Mechanistically, Arctiin prevented OVA-induced activation of p38 and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB). Based on these findings, we conclude that Arctiin might serve as a promising agent for the treatment of asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lang Yuan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Shanghai, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Chao Sun
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Shanghai, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200062, China
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16
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Sverrild A, Cerps S, Nieto-Fontarigo JJ, Ramu S, Hvidtfeldt M, Menzel M, Kearley J, Griffiths JM, Parnes JR, Porsbjerg C, Uller L. Tezepelumab decreases airway epithelial IL-33 and T2-inflammation in response to viral stimulation in patients with asthma. Allergy 2024; 79:656-666. [PMID: 37846599 DOI: 10.1111/all.15918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Respiratory virus infections are main triggers of asthma exacerbations. Tezepelumab, an anti-TSLP mAb, reduces exacerbations in patients with asthma, but the effect of blocking TSLP on host epithelial resistance and tolerance to virus infection is not known. AIM To examine effects of blocking TSLP in patients with asthma on host resistance (IFNβ, IFNλ, and viral load) and on the airway epithelial inflammatory response to viral challenge. METHODS Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF, n = 39) and bronchial epithelial cells (BECs) were obtained from patients with uncontrolled asthma before and after 12 weeks of tezepelumab treatment (n = 13) or placebo (n = 13). BECs were cultured in vitro and exposed to the viral infection mimic poly(I:C) or infected by rhinovirus (RV). Alarmins, T2- and pro-inflammatory cytokines, IFNβ IFNλ, and viral load were analyzed by RT-qPCR and multiplex ELISA before and after stimulation. RESULTS IL-33 expression in unstimulated BECs and IL-33 protein levels in BALF were reduced after 12 weeks of tezepelumab. Further, IL-33 gene and protein levels decreased in BECs challenged with poly(I:C) after tezepelumab whereas TSLP gene expression remained unaffected. Poly(I:C)-induced IL-4, IL-13, and IL-17A release from BECs was also reduced with tezepelumab whereas IFNβ and IFNλ expression and viral load were unchanged. CONCLUSION Blocking TSLP with tezepelumab in vivo in asthma reduced the airway epithelial inflammatory response including IL-33 and T2 cytokines to viral challenge without affecting anti-viral host resistance. Our results suggest that blocking TSLP stabilizes the bronchial epithelial immune response to respiratory viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Sverrild
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, University Hospital Bispebjerg, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - S Cerps
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - J J Nieto-Fontarigo
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- BioLympho Research group, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology-Biological Research Centre (CIBUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Translational Research in Airway Diseases Group (TRIAD), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - S Ramu
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - M Hvidtfeldt
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, University Hospital Bispebjerg, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - M Menzel
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - J Kearley
- Bioscience, Research & Early Development, Respiratory & Immunology, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA
| | - J M Griffiths
- Translational Science and Experimental Medicine, Research & Early Development, Respiratory & Immunology, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA
| | - J R Parnes
- Translational Medicine, Amgen, Thousand Oaks, California, USA
| | - C Porsbjerg
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, University Hospital Bispebjerg, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - L Uller
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
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17
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Hayashi R, Srisomboon Y, Iijima K, Maniak PJ, Tei R, Kobayashi T, Matsunaga M, Luo H, Masuda MY, O'Grady SM, Kita H. Cholinergic sensing of allergen exposure by airway epithelium promotes type 2 immunity in the lungs. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2024; 153:793-808.e2. [PMID: 38000698 PMCID: PMC10939907 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2023.10.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nonneuronal cells, including epithelial cells, can produce acetylcholine (ACh). Muscarinic ACh receptor antagonists are used clinically to treat asthma and other medical conditions; however, knowledge regarding the roles of ACh in type 2 immunity is limited. OBJECTIVE Our aim was to investigate the roles of epithelial ACh in allergic immune responses. METHODS Human bronchial epithelial (HBE) cells were cultured with allergen extracts, and their ACh production and IL-33 secretion were studied in vitro. To investigate immune responses in vivo, naive BALB/c mice were treated intranasally with different muscarinic ACh receptor antagonists and then exposed intranasally to allergens. RESULTS At steady state, HBE cells expressed cellular components necessary for ACh production, including choline acetyltransferase and organic cation transporters. Exposure to allergens caused HBE cells to rapidly release ACh into the extracellular medium. Pharmacologic or small-interfering RNA-based blocking of ACh production or autocrine action through the M3 muscarinic ACh receptors in HBE cells suppressed allergen-induced ATP release, calcium mobilization, and extracellular secretion of IL-33. When naive mice were exposed to allergens, ACh was quickly released into the airway lumen. A series of clinical M3 muscarinic ACh receptor antagonists inhibited allergen-induced IL-33 secretion and innate type 2 immune response in the mouse airways. In a preclinical murine model of asthma, an ACh receptor antagonist suppressed allergen-induced airway inflammation and airway hyperreactivity. CONCLUSIONS ACh is released quickly by airway epithelial cells on allergen exposure, and it plays an important role in type 2 immunity. The epithelial ACh system can be considered a therapeutic target in allergic airway diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryusuke Hayashi
- Division of Allergy, Asthma and Clinical Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Ariz; Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Ariz
| | - Yotesawee Srisomboon
- Department of Animal Science, University of Minnesota, St Paul, Minn; Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of Minnesota, St Paul, Minn
| | - Koji Iijima
- Division of Allergy, Asthma and Clinical Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Ariz; Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Ariz
| | - Peter J Maniak
- Department of Animal Science, University of Minnesota, St Paul, Minn; Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of Minnesota, St Paul, Minn
| | - Rinna Tei
- Division of Allergy, Asthma and Clinical Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Ariz; Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Ariz
| | - Takao Kobayashi
- Division of Allergy, Asthma and Clinical Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Ariz; Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Ariz
| | - Mayumi Matsunaga
- Division of Allergy, Asthma and Clinical Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Ariz; Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Ariz
| | - Huijun Luo
- Division of Allergy, Asthma and Clinical Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Ariz; Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Ariz
| | - Mia Y Masuda
- Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Rochester, Minn; Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Scottsdale, Ariz
| | - Scott M O'Grady
- Department of Animal Science, University of Minnesota, St Paul, Minn; Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of Minnesota, St Paul, Minn
| | - Hirohito Kita
- Division of Allergy, Asthma and Clinical Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Ariz; Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Ariz; Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic Rochester, Rochester, Minn; Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, Ariz.
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18
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Papadopoulos NG, Apostolidou E, Miligkos M, Xepapadaki P. Bacteria and viruses and their role in the preschool wheeze to asthma transition. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2024; 35:e14098. [PMID: 38445451 DOI: 10.1111/pai.14098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Wheezing is the cardinal symptom of asthma; its presence early in life, mostly caused by viral infections, is a major risk factor for the establishment of persistent or recurrent disease. Early-life wheezing and asthma exacerbations are triggered by common respiratory viruses, mainly rhinoviruses (RV), and to a lesser extent, respiratory syncytial virus, parainfluenza, human metapneumovirus, coronaviruses, adenoviruses, influenza, and bocavirus. The excess presence of bacteria, several of which are part of the microbiome, has also been identified in association with wheezing and acute asthma exacerbations, including haemophilus influenza, streptococcus pneumoniae, moraxella catarrhalis, mycoplasma pneumoniae, and chlamydophila pneumonia. While it is not clear when asthma starts, its characteristics develop over time. Airway remodeling already appears between the ages of 1 and 3 years of age even prior to the presence of atopic inflammation or an asthma diagnosis. The role of genetic defect or variations hampering the airway epithelium in response to environmental stimuli and severe disease morbidity are now considered as major determinants for early structural changes. Repeated viral infections can induce and perpetuate airway hyperresponsiveness. Allergic sensitization, that often precedes infection-induced wheezing, shifts inflammation toward type-2, while common respiratory infections themselves promote type-2 inflammation. Nevertheless, most children who wheeze with viral infections during infancy and during preschool years do not develop persistent asthma. Multiple factors, including illness severity, viral etiology, allergic sensitization, and the exposome, are associated with disease persistence. Here, we summarize current knowledge and developments in infection epidemiology of asthma in children, describing the known impact of each individual agent and mechanisms of transition from recurrent wheeze to asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaos G Papadopoulos
- Allergy Department, 2nd Pediatric Clinic, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
- Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | | | - Michael Miligkos
- Allergy Department, 2nd Pediatric Clinic, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Paraskevi Xepapadaki
- Allergy Department, 2nd Pediatric Clinic, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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19
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Chen XF, Deng JM. The influence of novel coronavirus pneumonia on chronic disease management of asthma-a narrative review. J Thorac Dis 2024; 16:1590-1600. [PMID: 38505017 PMCID: PMC10944750 DOI: 10.21037/jtd-23-1139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Background and Objective The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has taken a huge global toll on all fronts, creating new challenges for the diagnosis and treatment of respiratory diseases. For chronic management of asthma, on the one hand, the presence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) may affect the asthma disease itself; on the other hand, in order to control the spread of the pandemic, forced isolation, mask-wearing and various disinfection measures also have an impact on the condition and medication of asthma patients. This article reviews the changes in chronic asthma management under the COVID-19 pandemic to provide reference for chronic disease management of asthma after the pandemic and for various public health emergencies in the future. Methods Online searching of literature was performed. The National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI), PubMed, Google Scholar, and EMBASE were searched. Key Content and Findings COVID-19 has had a huge impact on the world, and has also brought new challenges to the diagnosis and treatment of asthma and chronic disease management. On the one hand, the existence of the 2019 novel coronavirus directly affects the asthma disease itself, on the other hand, due to the particularity of the asthma disease itself, different levels of isolation and controls can cause patients with different degrees of medical difficulties; in addition, the application of various disinfectants in the environment also increases the risk of acute attacks of asthma patients, as well as mask-wearing, vaccination, anxiety about the disease, panic, etc., all of which have posed various degrees of impact on the condition and psychology of asthma patients. Conclusions The pandemic of COVID-19 has brought many difficulties to the chronic disease management of asthma, and has had a certain impact on the disease control of asthma patients. In the era with overflowing information, internet hospital is the current trend, and there is a long way to go for effectively penetrating medical resources virtually via the internet into chronic disease management of asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Fen Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- Geriatrics Respiratory Medicine Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Jing-Min Deng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
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20
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Khojasteh-Kaffash S, Parhizkar Roudsari P, Ghaffari Jolfayi A, Samieefar N, Rezaei N. Pediatric asthma exacerbation and COVID-19 pandemic: Impacts, challenges, and future considerations. J Asthma 2024; 61:81-91. [PMID: 37610180 DOI: 10.1080/02770903.2023.2251062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Asthma, a common disease among children and adolescents, poses a great health risk when ignored; therefore, a thorough follow-up to prevent exacerbations is emphasized. The aim of the present study is to investigate asthma exacerbation in children during the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) era. DATA SOURCES This narrative review has been done by searching the PubMed and Embase databases using Asthma, COVID-19, Pandemic, and Symptom flare up as keywords. STUDY SELECTIONS Studies related to asthma exacerbation in COVID-19 pandemic were included. RESULTS Based on studies, controlled or mild to moderate asthma has not been considered a risk factor for COVID-19 severity and has not affected hospitalization, intensive care unit (ICU) admission, and mortality. Surprisingly, emergent and non-emergent visits and asthmatic attacks decreased during the pandemic. The three main reasons for decreased incidence and exacerbation of asthma episodes in the COVID-19 era included reduced exposure to environmental allergens, increasing the acceptance of treatment by pediatrics and caregivers, and decreased risk of other respiratory viral infections. Based on the available studies, COVID-19 vaccination had no serious side effects, except in cases of uncontrolled severe asthma, and can be injected in these children. Also, there was no conclusive evidence of asthma exacerbation after the injection of COVID-19 vaccines. CONCLUSION Further studies are recommended to follow the pattern of asthma in the post-pandemic situation and to become prepared for similar future conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soroush Khojasteh-Kaffash
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
- Network of Interdisciplinarity in Neonates and Infants (NINI), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
- USERN Office, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Peyvand Parhizkar Roudsari
- Network of Interdisciplinarity in Neonates and Infants (NINI), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
- Metabolomics and Genomics Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Ghaffari Jolfayi
- Network of Interdisciplinarity in Neonates and Infants (NINI), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Rajaie Cardiovascular, Medical, and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Noosha Samieefar
- Network of Interdisciplinarity in Neonates and Infants (NINI), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
- USERN Office, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nima Rezaei
- Network of Interdisciplinarity in Neonates and Infants (NINI), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
- Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Pediatrics Center of Excellence, Children's Medical Center Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
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21
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Holtzman MJ, Zhang Y, Wu K, Romero AG. Mitogen-activated protein kinase-guided drug discovery for post-viral and related types of lung disease. Eur Respir Rev 2024; 33:230220. [PMID: 38417971 PMCID: PMC10900067 DOI: 10.1183/16000617.0220-2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Respiratory viral infections are a major public health problem, with much of their morbidity and mortality due to post-viral lung diseases that progress and persist after the active infection is cleared. This paradigm is implicated in the most common forms of chronic lung disease, such as asthma and COPD, as well as other virus-linked diseases including progressive and long-term coronavirus disease 2019. Despite the impact of these diseases, there is a lack of small-molecule drugs available that can precisely modify this type of disease process. Here we will review current progress in understanding the pathogenesis of post-viral and related lung disease with characteristic remodelling phenotypes. We will also develop how this data leads to mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) in general and MAPK13 in particular as key druggable targets in this pathway. We will also explore recent advances and predict the future breakthroughs in structure-based drug design that will provide new MAPK inhibitors as drug candidates for clinical applications. Each of these developments point to a more effective approach to treating the distinct epithelial and immune cell based mechanisms, which better account for the morbidity and mortality of post-viral and related types of lung disease. This progress is vital given the growing prevalence of respiratory viruses and other inhaled agents that trigger stereotyped progression to acute illness and chronic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Holtzman
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- NuPeak Therapeutics Inc., St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Yong Zhang
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Kangyun Wu
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Arthur G Romero
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
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22
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Kappen JH, Agache I, Jutel M, Pillai P, Corrigan CJ. Allergen Immunotherapy for Asthma. THE JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY. IN PRACTICE 2024; 12:23-30. [PMID: 38013158 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaip.2023.11.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Allergen immunotherapy is a disease-modifying treatment for IgE-mediated allergies reducing disease burden and symptoms in patients with allergic rhinitis, with or without asthma. The growing evidence that allergen immunotherapy also has the potential to facilitate achieving asthma control in patients with allergic asthma resulted in its acknowledgment by international bodies (Global Initiative for Asthma and European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology) as add-on treatment for mild/moderate asthma. Although there have been promising developments in biomarkers for patient selection and for allergen immunotherapy efficacy evaluation in patients with asthma, a lot more data are still required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasper H Kappen
- Department of Pulmonology, STZ Centre of Excellence for Asthma, COPD and Respiratory Allergy, Franciscus & Vlietland, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Immunomodulation and Tolerance Group, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.
| | | | - Marek Jutel
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland; ALL-MED Medical Research Institute, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Prathap Pillai
- Department of Adult Allergy, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom; King's Centre for Lung Health, School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Chris J Corrigan
- King's Centre for Lung Health, School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
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23
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Chatterton C, Romero R, Jung E, Gallo DM, Suksai M, Diaz-Primera R, Erez O, Chaemsaithong P, Tarca AL, Gotsch F, Bosco M, Chaiworapongsa T. A biomarker for bacteremia in pregnant women with acute pyelonephritis: soluble suppressor of tumorigenicity 2 or sST2. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2023; 36:2183470. [PMID: 36997168 DOI: 10.1080/14767058.2023.2183470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/01/2023]
Abstract
Objective: Sepsis is a leading cause of maternal death, and its diagnosis during the golden hour is critical to improve survival. Acute pyelonephritis in pregnancy is a risk factor for obstetrical and medical complications, and it is a major cause of sepsis, as bacteremia complicates 15-20% of pyelonephritis episodes in pregnancy. The diagnosis of bacteremia currently relies on blood cultures, whereas a rapid test could allow timely management and improved outcomes. Soluble suppression of tumorigenicity 2 (sST2) was previously proposed as a biomarker for sepsis in non-pregnant adults and children. This study was designed to determine whether maternal plasma concentrations of sST2 in pregnant patients with pyelonephritis can help to identify those at risk for bacteremia.Study design: This cross-sectional study included women with normal pregnancy (n = 131) and pregnant women with acute pyelonephritis (n = 36). Acute pyelonephritis was diagnosed based on a combination of clinical findings and a positive urine culture. Patients were further classified according to the results of blood cultures into those with and without bacteremia. Plasma concentrations of sST2 were determined by a sensitive immunoassay. Non-parametric statistics were used for analysis.Results: The maternal plasma sST2 concentration increased with gestational age in normal pregnancies. Pregnant patients with acute pyelonephritis had a higher median (interquartile range) plasma sST2 concentration than those with a normal pregnancy [85 (47-239) ng/mL vs. 31 (14-52) ng/mL, p < .001]. Among patients with pyelonephritis, those with a positive blood culture had a median plasma concentration of sST2 higher than that of patients with a negative blood culture [258 (IQR: 75-305) ng/mL vs. 83 (IQR: 46-153) ng/mL; p = .03]. An elevated plasma concentration of sST2 ≥ 215 ng/mL had a sensitivity of 73% and a specificity of 95% (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, 0.74; p = .003) with a positive likelihood ratio of 13.8 and a negative likelihood ratio of 0.3 for the identification of patients who had a positive blood culture.Conclusion: sST2 is a candidate biomarker to identify bacteremia in pregnant women with pyelonephritis. Rapid identification of these patients may optimize patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolyn Chatterton
- Pregnancy Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (NICHD/NIH/DHHS), Bethesda, MD, and Detroit, MI, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Roberto Romero
- Pregnancy Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (NICHD/NIH/DHHS), Bethesda, MD, and Detroit, MI, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
- Detroit Medical Center, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Eunjung Jung
- Pregnancy Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (NICHD/NIH/DHHS), Bethesda, MD, and Detroit, MI, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Dahiana M Gallo
- Pregnancy Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (NICHD/NIH/DHHS), Bethesda, MD, and Detroit, MI, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia
| | - Manaphat Suksai
- Pregnancy Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (NICHD/NIH/DHHS), Bethesda, MD, and Detroit, MI, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Ramiro Diaz-Primera
- Pregnancy Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (NICHD/NIH/DHHS), Bethesda, MD, and Detroit, MI, USA
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Offer Erez
- Pregnancy Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (NICHD/NIH/DHHS), Bethesda, MD, and Detroit, MI, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Soroka University Medical Center, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Piya Chaemsaithong
- Pregnancy Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (NICHD/NIH/DHHS), Bethesda, MD, and Detroit, MI, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
- Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Adi L Tarca
- Pregnancy Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (NICHD/NIH/DHHS), Bethesda, MD, and Detroit, MI, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
- Department of Computer Science, Wayne State University College of Engineering, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Francesca Gotsch
- Pregnancy Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (NICHD/NIH/DHHS), Bethesda, MD, and Detroit, MI, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Mariachiara Bosco
- Pregnancy Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (NICHD/NIH/DHHS), Bethesda, MD, and Detroit, MI, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Tinnakorn Chaiworapongsa
- Pregnancy Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (NICHD/NIH/DHHS), Bethesda, MD, and Detroit, MI, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
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24
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Easton FA, Cousins DJ. Uncovering the Complexities of IL-33 Signaling in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2023; 208:1015-1016. [PMID: 37792423 PMCID: PMC10867928 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.202309-1611ed] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Felicity A Easton
- Department of Respiratory Sciences University of Leicester and National Institute for Health Research Leicester Biomedical Research Centre Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - David J Cousins
- Department of Respiratory Sciences University of Leicester and National Institute for Health Research Leicester Biomedical Research Centre Leicester, United Kingdom
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25
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Xing Y, Leung ASY, Wong GWK. From preschool wheezing to asthma: Environmental determinants. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2023; 34:e14049. [PMID: 38010001 DOI: 10.1111/pai.14049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Wheezing is common among preschool children, representing a group of highly heterogeneous conditions with varying natural history. Several phenotypes of wheezing have been proposed to facilitate the identification of young children who are at risk of subsequent development of asthma. Epidemiological and immunological studies across different populations have revealed the key role of environmental factors in influencing the progression from preschool wheezing to childhood asthma. Significant risk factors include severe respiratory infections, allergic sensitization, and exposure to tobacco smoke. In contrast, a farming/rural environment has been linked to asthma protection in both human and animal studies. Early and intense exposures to microorganisms and microbial metabolites have been demonstrated to alter host immune responses to allergens and viruses, thereby driving the trajectory away from wheezing illness and asthma. Ongoing clinical trials of candidate microbes and microbial products have shown promise in shaping the immune function to reduce episodes of viral-induced wheezing. Moreover, restoring immune training may be especially important for young children who had reduced microbial exposure due to pandemic restrictions. A comprehensive understanding of the role of modifiable environmental factors will pave the way for developing targeted prevention strategies for preschool wheezing and asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhan Xing
- Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Agnes Sze-Yin Leung
- Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Gary Wing-Kin Wong
- Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Special Administrative Region, China
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26
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Medeleanu MV, Qian YC, Moraes TJ, Subbarao P. Early-immune development in asthma: A review of the literature. Cell Immunol 2023; 393-394:104770. [PMID: 37837916 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2023.104770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/16/2023]
Abstract
This review presents a comprehensive examination of the various factors contributing to the immunopathogenesis of asthma from the prenatal to preschool period. We focus on the contributions of genetic and environmental components as well as the role of the nasal and gut microbiome on immune development. Predisposing genetic factors, including inherited genes associated with increased susceptibility to asthma, are discussed alongside environmental factors such as respiratory viruses and pollutant exposure, which can trigger or exacerbate asthma symptoms. Furthermore, the intricate interplay between the nasal and gut microbiome and the immune system is explored, emphasizing their influence on allergic immune development and response to environmental stimuli. This body of literature underscores the necessity of a comprehensive approach to comprehend and manage asthma, as it emphasizes the interactions of multiple factors in immune development and disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria V Medeleanu
- Department of Physiology, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Canada; Translational Medicine, SickKids Research Institute, Hospital for Sick Children, Canada
| | - Yu Chen Qian
- Department of Physiology, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Canada; Translational Medicine, SickKids Research Institute, Hospital for Sick Children, Canada
| | - Theo J Moraes
- Translational Medicine, SickKids Research Institute, Hospital for Sick Children, Canada; Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Paediatrics, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Canada; Division of Respiratory Medicine, Hospital for Sick Children, Canada
| | - Padmaja Subbarao
- Department of Physiology, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Canada; Translational Medicine, SickKids Research Institute, Hospital for Sick Children, Canada; Department of Paediatrics, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Canada; Division of Respiratory Medicine, Hospital for Sick Children, Canada; Epidemiology Division, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Canada.
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27
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Almond M, Farne HA, Jackson MM, Jha A, Katsoulis O, Pitts O, Tunstall T, Regis E, Dunning J, Byrne AJ, Mallia P, Kon OM, Saunders KA, Simpson KD, Snelgrove RJ, Openshaw PJM, Edwards MR, Barclay WS, Heaney LM, Johnston SL, Singanayagam A. Obesity dysregulates the pulmonary antiviral immune response. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6607. [PMID: 37857661 PMCID: PMC10587167 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42432-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a well-recognized risk factor for severe influenza infections but the mechanisms underlying susceptibility are poorly understood. Here, we identify that obese individuals have deficient pulmonary antiviral immune responses in bronchoalveolar lavage cells but not in bronchial epithelial cells or peripheral blood dendritic cells. We show that the obese human airway metabolome is perturbed with associated increases in the airway concentrations of the adipokine leptin which correlated negatively with the magnitude of ex vivo antiviral responses. Exogenous pulmonary leptin administration in mice directly impaired antiviral type I interferon responses in vivo and ex vivo in cultured airway macrophages. Obese individuals hospitalised with influenza showed dysregulated upper airway immune responses. These studies provide insight into mechanisms driving propensity to severe influenza infections in obesity and raise the potential for development of leptin manipulation or interferon administration as novel strategies for conferring protection from severe infections in obese higher risk individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Almond
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Hugo A Farne
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Millie M Jackson
- Centre for Bacterial Resistance Biology. Section of Molecular Microbiology. Department of Infectious Disease, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Akhilesh Jha
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Orestis Katsoulis
- Centre for Bacterial Resistance Biology. Section of Molecular Microbiology. Department of Infectious Disease, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Oliver Pitts
- Centre for Bacterial Resistance Biology. Section of Molecular Microbiology. Department of Infectious Disease, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | | | - Eteri Regis
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Jake Dunning
- Pandemic Sciences Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Adam J Byrne
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
- School of Medicine and Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Dublin, 4, Ireland
| | - Patrick Mallia
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Onn Min Kon
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | | | | | | | | | - Michael R Edwards
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Wendy S Barclay
- Section of Virology, Department of Infectious Disease, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Liam M Heaney
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
| | | | - Aran Singanayagam
- Centre for Bacterial Resistance Biology. Section of Molecular Microbiology. Department of Infectious Disease, Imperial College London, London, UK.
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28
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Volpe S, Irish J, Palumbo S, Lee E, Herbert J, Ramadan I, Chang EH. Viral infections and chronic rhinosinusitis. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2023; 152:819-826. [PMID: 37574080 PMCID: PMC10592176 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2023.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Viral infections are the most common cause of upper respiratory infections; they frequently infect adults once or twice and children 6 to 8 times annually. In most cases, these infections are self-limiting and resolve. However, many patients with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) relay that their initiating event began with an upper respiratory infection that progressed in both symptom severity and duration. Viruses bind to sinonasal epithelia through specific receptors, thereby entering cells and replicating within them. Viral infections stimulate interferon-mediated innate immune responses. Recent studies suggest that viral infections may also induce type 2 immune responses and stimulate the aberrant production of cytokines that can result in loss of barrier function, which is a hallmark in CRS. The main purpose of this review will be to highlight common viruses and their associated binding receptors and highlight pathophysiologic mechanisms associated with alterations in mucociliary clearance, epithelial barrier function, and dysfunctional immune responses that might lead to a further understanding of the pathogenesis of CRS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophia Volpe
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Ariz
| | - Joseph Irish
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Ariz
| | - Sunny Palumbo
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Ariz
| | - Eric Lee
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Ariz
| | - Jacob Herbert
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Ariz
| | - Ibrahim Ramadan
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Ariz
| | - Eugene H Chang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Ariz.
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29
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Lanz MJ, Gilbert IA, Gandhi HN, Pollack M, Tkacz JP, Lugogo NL. Patterns of rescue and maintenance therapy claims surrounding a clinical encounter for an asthma exacerbation. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2023; 131:458-465.e1. [PMID: 37343824 DOI: 10.1016/j.anai.2023.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A "window of opportunity" has been proposed where anti-inflammatory therapy administration in response to symptoms could prevent exacerbation. OBJECTIVE To evaluate rescue and maintenance therapy claims surrounding a severe asthma exacerbation serious enough to require a face-to-face clinical encounter. METHODS Merative MarketScan research databases (US administrative claims 2011 to 2017) were analyzed for patients aged ≥4 years, with an asthma diagnosis code, who filled short-acting β2-agonist (SABA) and Global Initiative for Asthma Steps 3 to 5 maintenance therapies. Patients were indexed on a random SABA claim and had 12 months' continuous health plan eligibility pre- and post-index. Serious exacerbations were severe exacerbations requiring systemic corticosteroids prescribed from an outpatient clinic, urgent care or emergency department, or hospitalization for asthma. SABA and maintenance claims 30 days pre- and post-event were analyzed. RESULTS Of 319,342 patients (30% children 4 to 11 years; 70% adults or adolescents ≥12 years), 27.2% of children and 16.8% of adolescents or adults experienced ≥ 1 serious exacerbation (unadjusted odds ratio [OR], 1.85 [95% confidence interval, 1.81-1.88]). In the 30 days pre-event, 42.6% filled ≥1 SABA (children: 44.3%; adolescents or adults: 41.5%; OR, 1.12 [1.09-1.16]) and 57.4% filled maintenance (children: 59.0%; adolescents or adults: 56.3%; OR, 1.12 [1.08-1.15]). In the 30 days post-event, 61.4% filled SABA (children: 69.7%; adolescents or adults: 55.6%; OR, 1.84 [1.78-1.90]) and 94.8% filled maintenance (children: 98.6%; adolescents or adults: 92.2%; OR, 6.09 [5.45-6.81]). CONCLUSION Many patients treated as having moderate-to-severe asthma escalate SABA claims before a serious exacerbation, but approximately 40% have no anti-inflammatory maintenance fill, highlighting a "window of opportunity" to prevent exacerbations using inhaled corticosteroids concomitantly with SABA as rescue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel J Lanz
- Allergy and Asthma, AAADRS Clinical Research Center, Coral Gables, Florida, USA
| | - Ileen A Gilbert
- BioPharmaceuticals Medical, AstraZeneca, Wilmington, Delaware, USA.
| | - Hitesh N Gandhi
- BioPharmaceuticals Medical, AstraZeneca, Wilmington, Delaware, USA
| | - Michael Pollack
- BioPharmaceuticals Medical, AstraZeneca, Wilmington, Delaware, USA
| | - Joseph P Tkacz
- Health Economics and Outcomes Research, Inovalon, Bowie, Maryland, USA
| | - Njira L Lugogo
- Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
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30
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Zheng P, Xiu Y, Chen Z, Yuan M, Li Y, Wang N, Zhang B, Zhao X, Li M, Liu Q, Shi FD, Jin WN. Group 2 innate lymphoid cells resolve neuroinflammation following cerebral ischaemia. Stroke Vasc Neurol 2023; 8:424-434. [PMID: 37072337 PMCID: PMC10647866 DOI: 10.1136/svn-2022-001919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 04/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute brain ischaemia elicits pronounced inflammation, which aggravates neural injury. However, the mechanisms governing the resolution of acute neuroinflammation remain poorly understood. In contrast to regulatory T and B cells, group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) are immunoregulatory cells that can be swiftly mobilised without antigen presentation; whether and how these ILC2s participate in central nervous system inflammation following brain ischaemia is still unknown. METHODS Leveraging brain tissues from patients who had an ischaemic stroke and a mouse model of focal ischaemia, we characterised the presence and cytokine release of brain-infiltrating ILC2s. The impact of ILC2s on neural injury was evaluated through antibody depletion and ILC2 adoptive transfer experiments. Using Rag2-/-γc-/- mice receiving passive transfer of IL-4-/- ILC2s, we further assessed the contribution of interleukin (IL)-4, produced by ILC2s, in ischaemic brain injury. RESULTS We demonstrate that ILC2s accumulate in the areas surrounding the infarct in brain tissues of patients with cerebral ischaemia, as well as in mice subjected to focal cerebral ischaemia. Oligodendrocytes were a major source of IL-33, which contributed to ILC2s mobilisation. Adoptive transfer and expansion of ILC2s reduced brain infarction. Importantly, brain-infiltrating ILC2s reduced the magnitude of stroke injury severity through the production of IL-4. CONCLUSIONS Our findings revealed that brain ischaemia mobilises ILC2s to curb neuroinflammation and brain injury, expanding the current understanding of inflammatory networks following stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Zheng
- Center for Neurological Diseases, China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuwhen Xiu
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhili Chen
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Meng Yuan
- Center for Neurological Diseases, China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Li
- Center for Neurological Diseases, China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ningning Wang
- Center for Neurological Diseases, China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Bohao Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xin Zhao
- Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Minshu Li
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Qiang Liu
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Fu-Dong Shi
- Center for Neurological Diseases, China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Wei-Na Jin
- Center for Neurological Diseases, China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Curren B, Ahmed T, Howard DR, Ashik Ullah M, Sebina I, Rashid RB, Al Amin Sikder M, Namubiru P, Bissell A, Ngo S, Jackson DJ, Toussaint M, Edwards MR, Johnston SL, McSorley HJ, Phipps S. IL-33-induced neutrophilic inflammation and NETosis underlie rhinovirus-triggered exacerbations of asthma. Mucosal Immunol 2023; 16:671-684. [PMID: 37506849 DOI: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2023.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Rhinovirus-induced neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) contribute to acute asthma exacerbations; however, the molecular factors that trigger NETosis in this context remain ill-defined. Here, we sought to implicate a role for IL-33, an epithelial cell-derived alarmin rapidly released in response to infection. In mice with chronic experimental asthma (CEA), but not naïve controls, rhinovirus inoculation induced an early (1 day post infection; dpi) inflammatory response dominated by neutrophils, neutrophil-associated cytokines (IL-1α, IL-1β, CXCL1), and NETosis, followed by a later, type-2 inflammatory phase (3-7 dpi), characterised by eosinophils, elevated IL-4 levels, and goblet cell hyperplasia. Notably, both phases were ablated by HpARI (Heligmosomoides polygyrus Alarmin Release Inhibitor), which blocks IL-33 release and signalling. Instillation of exogenous IL-33 recapitulated the rhinovirus-induced early phase, including the increased presence of NETs in the airway mucosa, in a PAD4-dependent manner. Ex vivo IL-33-stimulated neutrophils from mice with CEA, but not naïve mice, underwent NETosis and produced greater amounts of IL-1α/β, IL-4, and IL-5. In nasal samples from rhinovirus-infected people with asthma, but not healthy controls, IL-33 levels correlated with neutrophil elastase and dsDNA. Our findings suggest that IL-33 blockade ameliorates the severity of an asthma exacerbation by attenuating neutrophil recruitment and the downstream generation of NETs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bodie Curren
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland 4006, Australia; School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Tufael Ahmed
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland 4006, Australia; School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Queensland 4000, Australia
| | - Daniel R Howard
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland 4006, Australia; School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Md Ashik Ullah
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland 4006, Australia
| | - Ismail Sebina
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland 4006, Australia; School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, Queensland 4072, Australia; School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Queensland 4000, Australia
| | - Ridwan B Rashid
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland 4006, Australia; School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Md Al Amin Sikder
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland 4006, Australia; School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Patricia Namubiru
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland 4006, Australia; School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Alec Bissell
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland 4006, Australia
| | - Sylvia Ngo
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland 4006, Australia
| | - David J Jackson
- School of Immunology & Microbial Sciences, King's College London, London, UK; National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Marie Toussaint
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Michael R Edwards
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | | | - Henry J McSorley
- Division of Cell Signalling and Immunology, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Simon Phipps
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland 4006, Australia; School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, Queensland 4072, Australia; School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Queensland 4000, Australia; Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, The University of Queensland, 4072 Queensland, Australia.
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32
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Spector C, De Sanctis CM, Panettieri RA, Koziol-White CJ. Rhinovirus induces airway remodeling: what are the physiological consequences? Respir Res 2023; 24:238. [PMID: 37773065 PMCID: PMC10540383 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-023-02529-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rhinovirus infections commonly evoke asthma exacerbations in children and adults. Recurrent asthma exacerbations are associated with injury-repair responses in the airways that collectively contribute to airway remodeling. The physiological consequences of airway remodeling can manifest as irreversible airway obstruction and diminished responsiveness to bronchodilators. Structural cells of the airway, including epithelial cells, smooth muscle, fibroblasts, myofibroblasts, and adjacent lung vascular endothelial cells represent an understudied and emerging source of cellular and extracellular soluble mediators and matrix components that contribute to airway remodeling in a rhinovirus-evoked inflammatory environment. MAIN BODY While mechanistic pathways associated with rhinovirus-induced airway remodeling are still not fully characterized, infected airway epithelial cells robustly produce type 2 cytokines and chemokines, as well as pro-angiogenic and fibroblast activating factors that act in a paracrine manner on neighboring airway cells to stimulate remodeling responses. Morphological transformation of structural cells in response to rhinovirus promotes remodeling phenotypes including induction of mucus hypersecretion, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, and fibroblast-to-myofibroblast transdifferentiation. Rhinovirus exposure elicits airway hyperresponsiveness contributing to irreversible airway obstruction. This obstruction can occur as a consequence of sub-epithelial thickening mediated by smooth muscle migration and myofibroblast activity, or through independent mechanisms mediated by modulation of the β2 agonist receptor activation and its responsiveness to bronchodilators. Differential cellular responses emerge in response to rhinovirus infection that predispose asthmatic individuals to persistent signatures of airway remodeling, including exaggerated type 2 inflammation, enhanced extracellular matrix deposition, and robust production of pro-angiogenic mediators. CONCLUSIONS Few therapies address symptoms of rhinovirus-induced airway remodeling, though understanding the contribution of structural cells to these processes may elucidate future translational targets to alleviate symptoms of rhinovirus-induced exacerbations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cassandra Spector
- Rutgers Institute for Translation Medicine and Science, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Camden M De Sanctis
- Rutgers Institute for Translation Medicine and Science, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
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Bakakos A, Sotiropoulou Z, Vontetsianos A, Zaneli S, Papaioannou AI, Bakakos P. Epidemiology and Immunopathogenesis of Virus Associated Asthma Exacerbations. J Asthma Allergy 2023; 16:1025-1040. [PMID: 37791040 PMCID: PMC10543746 DOI: 10.2147/jaa.s277455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Asthma is a common airway disease, affecting millions of people worldwide. Although most asthma patients experience mild symptoms, it is characterized by variable airflow limitation, which can occasionally become life threatening in the case of a severe exacerbation. The commonest triggers of asthma exacerbations in both children and adults are viral infections. In this review article, we will try to investigate the most common viruses triggering asthma exacerbations and their role in asthma immunopathogenesis, since viral infections in young adults are thought to trigger the development of asthma either right away after the infection or at a later stage of their life. The commonest viral pathogens associated with asthma include the respiratory syncytial virus, rhinoviruses, influenza and parainfluenza virus, metapneumovirus and coronaviruses. All these viruses exploit different molecular pathways to infiltrate the host. Asthmatics are more prone to severe viral infections due to their unique inflammatory response, which is mostly characterized by T2 cytokines. Unlike the normal T1 high response to viral infection, asthmatics with T2 high inflammation are less potent in containing a viral infection. Inhaled and/or systematic corticosteroids and bronchodilators remain the cornerstone of asthma exacerbation treatment, and although many targeted therapies which block molecules that viruses use to infect the host have been used in a laboratory level, none has been yet approved for clinical use. Nevertheless, further understanding of the unique pathway that each virus follows to infect an individual may be crucial in the development of targeted therapies for the commonest viral pathogens to effectively prevent asthma exacerbations. Finally, biologic therapies resulted in a complete change of scenery in the treatment of severe asthma, especially with a T2 high phenotype. All available data suggest that monoclonal antibodies are safe and able to drastically reduce the rate of viral asthma exacerbations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agamemnon Bakakos
- 1st University Department of Respiratory Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, 11527, Greece
| | - Zoi Sotiropoulou
- 1st University Department of Respiratory Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, 11527, Greece
| | - Angelos Vontetsianos
- 1st University Department of Respiratory Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, 11527, Greece
| | - Stavroula Zaneli
- 1st University Department of Respiratory Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, 11527, Greece
| | - Andriana I Papaioannou
- 1st University Department of Respiratory Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, 11527, Greece
| | - Petros Bakakos
- 1st University Department of Respiratory Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, 11527, Greece
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Strickson S, Houslay KF, Negri VA, Ohne Y, Ottosson T, Dodd RB, Huntington CC, Baker T, Li J, Stephenson KE, O'Connor AJ, Sagawe JS, Killick H, Moore T, Rees DG, Koch S, Sanden C, Wang Y, Gubbins E, Ghaedi M, Kolbeck R, Saumyaa S, Erjefält JS, Sims GP, Humbles AA, Scott IC, Romero Ros X, Cohen ES. Oxidised IL-33 drives COPD epithelial pathogenesis via ST2-independent RAGE/EGFR signalling complex. Eur Respir J 2023; 62:2202210. [PMID: 37442582 PMCID: PMC10533947 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.02210-2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epithelial damage, repair and remodelling are critical features of chronic airway diseases including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Interleukin (IL)-33 released from damaged airway epithelia causes inflammation via its receptor, serum stimulation-2 (ST2). Oxidation of IL-33 to a non-ST2-binding form (IL-33ox) is thought to limit its activity. We investigated whether IL-33ox has functional activities that are independent of ST2 in the airway epithelium. METHODS In vitro epithelial damage assays and three-dimensional, air-liquid interface (ALI) cell culture models of healthy and COPD epithelia were used to elucidate the functional role of IL-33ox. Transcriptomic changes occurring in healthy ALI cultures treated with IL-33ox and COPD ALI cultures treated with an IL-33-neutralising antibody were assessed with bulk and single-cell RNA sequencing analysis. RESULTS We demonstrate that IL-33ox forms a complex with receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) expressed on airway epithelium. Activation of this alternative, ST2-independent pathway impaired epithelial wound closure and induced airway epithelial remodelling in vitro. IL-33ox increased the proportion of mucus-producing cells and reduced epithelial defence functions, mimicking pathogenic traits of COPD. Neutralisation of the IL-33ox pathway reversed these deleterious traits in COPD epithelia. Gene signatures defining the pathogenic effects of IL-33ox were enriched in airway epithelia from patients with severe COPD. CONCLUSIONS Our study reveals for the first time that IL-33, RAGE and EGFR act together in an ST2-independent pathway in the airway epithelium and govern abnormal epithelial remodelling and muco-obstructive features in COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sam Strickson
- Bioscience Asthma and Skin Immunity, Research and Early Development, Respiratory & Immunology, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
- These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Kirsty F Houslay
- Bioscience Asthma and Skin Immunity, Research and Early Development, Respiratory & Immunology, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
- These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Victor A Negri
- Bioscience Asthma and Skin Immunity, Research and Early Development, Respiratory & Immunology, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - Yoichiro Ohne
- Bioscience Asthma and Skin Immunity, Research and Early Development, Respiratory & Immunology, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Tomas Ottosson
- Translational Science and Experimental Medicine, Research and Early Development, Respiratory & Immunology, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Roger B Dodd
- Biologics Engineering, R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Tina Baker
- Translational Science and Experimental Medicine, Research and Early Development, Respiratory & Immunology, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - Jingjing Li
- Bioscience Asthma and Skin Immunity, Research and Early Development, Respiratory & Immunology, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - Katherine E Stephenson
- Bioscience Asthma and Skin Immunity, Research and Early Development, Respiratory & Immunology, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - Andy J O'Connor
- Bioscience Asthma and Skin Immunity, Research and Early Development, Respiratory & Immunology, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - J Sophie Sagawe
- Bioscience Asthma and Skin Immunity, Research and Early Development, Respiratory & Immunology, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - Helen Killick
- Translational Science and Experimental Medicine, Research and Early Development, Respiratory & Immunology, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - Tom Moore
- Bioscience Asthma and Skin Immunity, Research and Early Development, Respiratory & Immunology, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - D Gareth Rees
- Biologics Engineering, R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - Sofia Koch
- Imaging & Data Analytics, Clinical Pharmacology and Safety Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - Caroline Sanden
- Experimental Medical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Medetect AB, Lund, Sweden
| | - Yixin Wang
- Imaging & Data Analytics, Clinical Pharmacology and Safety Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Elise Gubbins
- Bioscience Asthma and Skin Immunity, Research and Early Development, Respiratory & Immunology, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - Mahboobe Ghaedi
- Bioscience COPD/IPF, Research and Early Development, Respiratory & Immunology, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Roland Kolbeck
- Bioscience Asthma and Skin Immunity, Research and Early Development, Respiratory & Immunology, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
- Current: Spirovant Sciences, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Saumyaa Saumyaa
- Discovery Biology, Discovery Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Jonas S Erjefält
- Experimental Medical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Allergology and Respiratory Medicine, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Gary P Sims
- Bioscience Immunology, Research and Early Development, Respiratory & Immunology, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Alison A Humbles
- Bioscience Asthma and Skin Immunity, Research and Early Development, Respiratory & Immunology, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
- Current: Roche Pharma Research & Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ian C Scott
- Translational Science and Experimental Medicine, Research and Early Development, Respiratory & Immunology, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - Xavier Romero Ros
- Bioscience Asthma and Skin Immunity, Research and Early Development, Respiratory & Immunology, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
- These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - E Suzanne Cohen
- Bioscience Asthma and Skin Immunity, Research and Early Development, Respiratory & Immunology, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
- These authors contributed equally to this work
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van der Ploeg EK, Krabbendam L, Vroman H, van Nimwegen M, de Bruijn MJW, de Boer GM, Bergen IM, Kool M, Tramper-Standers GA, Braunstahl GJ, Huylebroeck D, Hendriks RW, Stadhouders R. Type-2 CD8 + T-cell formation relies on interleukin-33 and is linked to asthma exacerbations. Nat Commun 2023; 14:5137. [PMID: 37612281 PMCID: PMC10447424 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40820-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023] Open
Abstract
CD4+ T helper 2 (Th2) cells and group 2 innate lymphoid cells are considered the main producers of type-2 cytokines that fuel chronic airway inflammation in allergic asthma. However, CD8+ cytotoxic T (Tc) cells - critical for anti-viral defense - can also produce type-2 cytokines (referred to as 'Tc2' cells). The role of Tc cells in asthma and virus-induced disease exacerbations remains poorly understood, including which micro-environmental signals and cell types promote Tc2 cell formation. Here we show increased circulating Tc2 cell abundance in severe asthma patients, reaching peak levels during exacerbations and likely emerging from canonical IFNγ+ Tc cells through plasticity. Tc2 cell abundance is associated with increased disease burden, higher exacerbations rates and steroid insensitivity. Mouse models of asthma recapitulate the human disease by showing extensive type-2 skewing of lung Tc cells, which is controlled by conventional type-1 dendritic cells and IFNγ. Importantly, we demonstrate that the alarmin interleukin-33 (IL-33) critically promotes type-2 cytokine production by lung Tc cells in experimental allergic airway inflammation. Our data identify Tc cells as major producers of type-2 cytokines in severe asthma and during exacerbations that are remarkably sensitive to alterations in their inflammatory tissue micro-environment, with IL-33 emerging as an important regulator of Tc2 formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esmee K van der Ploeg
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Cell Biology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Lisette Krabbendam
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Heleen Vroman
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Menno van Nimwegen
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marjolein J W de Bruijn
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Geertje M de Boer
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Franciscus Gasthuis and Vlietland, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ingrid M Bergen
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Mirjam Kool
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Gerdien A Tramper-Standers
- Department of Pediatric Medicine, Franciscus Gasthuis and Vlietland, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Neonatology, Sophia Children's Hospital, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Gert-Jan Braunstahl
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Franciscus Gasthuis and Vlietland, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Danny Huylebroeck
- Department of Cell Biology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rudi W Hendriks
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ralph Stadhouders
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
- Department of Cell Biology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
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Aguilar D, Lemonnier N, Melén E, Bustamante M, Gruzieva O, Guerra S, Keil T, Koppelman GH, Celedón JC, Antó JM, Bousquet J. Distinction between rhinitis alone and rhinitis with asthma using interactomics. Sci Rep 2023; 13:13125. [PMID: 37573373 PMCID: PMC10423213 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-39987-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The concept of "one-airway-one-disease", coined over 20 years ago, may be an over-simplification of the links between allergic diseases. Genomic studies suggest that rhinitis alone and rhinitis with asthma are operated by distinct pathways. In this MeDALL (Mechanisms of the Development of Allergy) study, we leveraged the information of the human interactome to distinguish the molecular mechanisms associated with two phenotypes of allergic rhinitis: rhinitis alone and rhinitis in multimorbidity with asthma. We observed significant differences in the topology of the interactomes and in the pathways associated to each phenotype. In rhinitis alone, identified pathways included cell cycle, cytokine signalling, developmental biology, immune system, metabolism of proteins and signal transduction. In rhinitis and asthma multimorbidity, most pathways were related to signal transduction. The remaining few were related to cytokine signalling, immune system or developmental biology. Toll-like receptors and IL-17-mediated signalling were identified in rhinitis alone, while IL-33 was identified in rhinitis in multimorbidity. On the other hand, few pathways were associated with both phenotypes, most being associated with signal transduction pathways including estrogen-stimulated signalling. The only immune system pathway was FceRI-mediated MAPK activation. In conclusion, our findings suggest that rhinitis alone and rhinitis and asthma multimorbidity should be considered as two distinct diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nathanaël Lemonnier
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, UGA-INSERM U1209-CNRS UMR5309, Site Santé, Allée des Alpes, La Tronche, France
| | - Erik Melén
- Department of Clinical Science and Education, Södersjukhuset, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Sach's Children and Youth Hospital, Södersjukhuset, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mariona Bustamante
- ISGlobal, Barcelona Institute for Global Health, Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Olena Gruzieva
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Centre for Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Stefano Guerra
- Asthma and Airway Disease Research Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Thomas Keil
- Institute for Clinical Epidemiology and Biometry, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Institute of Social Medicine, Epidemiology and Health Economics, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- State Institute of Health, Bavarian Health and Food Safety Authority, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Gerard H Koppelman
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology and Pediatric Allergology, GRIAC Research Institute, Beatrix Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Juan C Celedón
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonary Medicine, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Josep M Antó
- ISGlobal, Barcelona Institute for Global Health, Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Jean Bousquet
- Institute of Allergology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Allergology and Immunology, Berlin, Germany.
- University Hospital of Montpellier, Montpellier, France.
- Inserm Equipe d'Epidémiologie Respiratoire Intégrative, CESP, Villejuif, France.
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Wang C, Du Z, Li R, Luo Y, Zhu C, Ding N, Lei A. Interferons as negative regulators of ILC2s in allergic lung inflammation and respiratory viral infections. J Mol Med (Berl) 2023; 101:947-959. [PMID: 37414870 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-023-02345-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
Group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s), characterized by a lack of antigen receptors, have been regarded as an important component of type 2 pulmonary immunity. Analogous to Th2 cells, ILC2s are capable of releasing type 2 cytokines and amphiregulin, thus playing an essential role in a variety of diseases, such as allergic diseases and virus-induced respiratory diseases. Interferons (IFNs), an important family of cytokines with potent antiviral effects, can be triggered by microbial products, microbial exposure, and pathogen infections. Interestingly, the past few years have witnessed encouraging progress in revealing the important role of IFNs and IFN-producing cells in modulating ILC2 responses in allergic lung inflammation and respiratory viral infections. This review underscores recent progress in understanding the role of IFNs and IFN-producing cells in shaping ILC2 responses and discusses disease phenotypes, mechanisms, and therapeutic targets in the context of allergic lung inflammation and infections with viruses, including influenza virus, rhinovirus (RV), respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), and severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2).
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Affiliation(s)
- Cui Wang
- Institute of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Special Pathogens Prevention and Control, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China
- Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China
| | - Zhaoxiang Du
- Institute of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Special Pathogens Prevention and Control, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China
- Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China
| | - Ranhui Li
- Institute of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Special Pathogens Prevention and Control, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China
- Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China
| | - Ying Luo
- Institute of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Special Pathogens Prevention and Control, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China
- Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China
| | - Cuiming Zhu
- Institute of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Special Pathogens Prevention and Control, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China
- Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China
| | - Nan Ding
- Institute of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Special Pathogens Prevention and Control, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China
- Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China
| | - Aihua Lei
- Institute of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China.
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Special Pathogens Prevention and Control, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China.
- Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China.
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Urbani F, Cometa M, Martelli C, Santoli F, Rana R, Ursitti A, Bonato M, Baraldo S, Contoli M, Papi A. Update on virus-induced asthma exacerbations. Expert Rev Clin Immunol 2023; 19:1259-1272. [PMID: 37470413 DOI: 10.1080/1744666x.2023.2239504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Viral infections are common triggers for asthma exacerbation. Subjects with asthma are more susceptible to viral infections and develop more severe or long-lasting lower respiratory tract symptoms than healthy individuals owing to impaired immune responses. Of the many viruses associated with asthma exacerbation, rhinovirus (RV) is the most frequently identified virus in both adults and children. AREAS COVERED We reviewed epidemiological and clinical links and mechanistic studies on virus-associated asthma exacerbations. We included sections on severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV2), the latest evidence of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in asthma patients, and past and future searches for therapeutic and prevention targets. EXPERT OPINION Early treatment or prevention of viral infections might significantly reduce the rate of asthma exacerbation, which is one of the key points of disease management. Although it is hypothetically possible nowadays to interfere with every step of the infectious cycle of respiratory tract viruses, vaccination development has provided some of the most encouraging results. Future research should proceed toward the development of a wider spectrum of vaccines to achieve a better quality of life for patients with asthma and to reduce the economic burden on the healthcare system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Urbani
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara Medical School, University of Ferrara, Sant'anna University Hospital, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Marianna Cometa
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara Medical School, University of Ferrara, Sant'anna University Hospital, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Chiara Martelli
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara Medical School, University of Ferrara, Sant'anna University Hospital, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Federica Santoli
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara Medical School, University of Ferrara, Sant'anna University Hospital, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Roberto Rana
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara Medical School, University of Ferrara, Sant'anna University Hospital, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Antonio Ursitti
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara Medical School, University of Ferrara, Sant'anna University Hospital, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Matteo Bonato
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Simonetta Baraldo
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Marco Contoli
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara Medical School, University of Ferrara, Sant'anna University Hospital, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Alberto Papi
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara Medical School, University of Ferrara, Sant'anna University Hospital, Ferrara, Italy
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Britt RD, Ruwanpathirana A, Ford ML, Lewis BW. Macrophages Orchestrate Airway Inflammation, Remodeling, and Resolution in Asthma. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10451. [PMID: 37445635 PMCID: PMC10341920 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241310451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Asthma is a heterogenous chronic inflammatory lung disease with endotypes that manifest different immune system profiles, severity, and responses to current therapies. Regardless of endotype, asthma features increased immune cell infiltration, inflammatory cytokine release, and airway remodeling. Lung macrophages are also heterogenous in that there are separate subsets and, depending on the environment, different effector functions. Lung macrophages are important in recruitment of immune cells such as eosinophils, neutrophils, and monocytes that enhance allergic inflammation and initiate T helper cell responses. Persistent lung remodeling including mucus hypersecretion, increased airway smooth muscle mass, and airway fibrosis contributes to progressive lung function decline that is insensitive to current asthma treatments. Macrophages secrete inflammatory mediators that induce airway inflammation and remodeling. Additionally, lung macrophages are instrumental in protecting against pathogens and play a critical role in resolution of inflammation and return to homeostasis. This review summarizes current literature detailing the roles and existing knowledge gaps for macrophages as key inflammatory orchestrators in asthma pathogenesis. We also raise the idea that modulating inflammatory responses in lung macrophages is important for alleviating asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodney D. Britt
- Center for Perinatal Research, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH 43215, USA; (R.D.B.J.); (A.R.); (M.L.F.)
- Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Anushka Ruwanpathirana
- Center for Perinatal Research, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH 43215, USA; (R.D.B.J.); (A.R.); (M.L.F.)
- Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43205, USA
| | - Maria L. Ford
- Center for Perinatal Research, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH 43215, USA; (R.D.B.J.); (A.R.); (M.L.F.)
- Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43205, USA
| | - Brandon W. Lewis
- Center for Perinatal Research, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH 43215, USA; (R.D.B.J.); (A.R.); (M.L.F.)
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Murphy RC, Lai Y, Liu M, Al-Shaikhly T, Altman MC, Altemeier WA, Frevert CW, Debley JS, Piliponsky AM, Ziegler SF, Gharib SA, Hallstrand TS. Distinct Epithelial-Innate Immune Cell Transcriptional Circuits Underlie Airway Hyperresponsiveness in Asthma. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2023; 207:1565-1575. [PMID: 37212596 PMCID: PMC10273121 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.202209-1707oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Indirect airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) is a highly specific feature of asthma, but the underlying mechanisms responsible for driving indirect AHR remain incompletely understood. Objectives: To identify differences in gene expression in epithelial brushings obtained from individuals with asthma who were characterized for indirect AHR in the form of exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB). Methods: RNA-sequencing analysis was performed on epithelial brushings obtained from individuals with asthma with EIB (n = 11) and without EIB (n = 9). Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the groups were correlated with measures of airway physiology, sputum inflammatory markers, and airway wall immunopathology. On the basis of these relationships, we examined the effects of primary airway epithelial cells (AECs) and specific epithelial cell-derived cytokines on both mast cells (MCs) and eosinophils (EOS). Measurements and Main Results: We identified 120 DEGs in individuals with and without EIB. Network analyses suggested critical roles for IL-33-, IL-18-, and IFN-γ-related signaling among these DEGs. IL1RL1 expression was positively correlated with the density of MCs in the epithelial compartment, and IL1RL1, IL18R1, and IFNG were positively correlated with the density of intraepithelial EOS. Subsequent ex vivo modeling demonstrated that AECs promote sustained type 2 (T2) inflammation in MCs and enhance IL-33-induced T2 gene expression. Furthermore, EOS increase the expression of IFNG and IL13 in response to both IL-18 and IL-33 as well as exposure to AECs. Conclusions: Circuits involving epithelial interactions with MCs and EOS are closely associated with indirect AHR. Ex vivo modeling indicates that epithelial-dependent regulation of these innate cells may be critical in indirect AHR and modulating T2 and non-T2 inflammation in asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan C. Murphy
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep
- Center for Lung Biology
| | - Ying Lai
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep
- Center for Lung Biology
| | - Matthew Liu
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep
- Center for Lung Biology
| | - Taha Al-Shaikhly
- Division of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine
- Center for Lung Biology
| | - Matthew C. Altman
- Division of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine
- Immunology Program, Benaroya Research Institute, Seattle, Washington
| | | | | | - Jason S. Debley
- Division of Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Seattle Children’s Hospital, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
- Center for Immunity and Immunotherapies, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, Washington
| | - Adrian M. Piliponsky
- Center for Immunity and Immunotherapies, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, Washington
| | - Steven F. Ziegler
- Immunology Program, Benaroya Research Institute, Seattle, Washington
| | - Sina A. Gharib
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep
- Center for Lung Biology
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Harker JA, Lloyd CM. T helper 2 cells in asthma. J Exp Med 2023; 220:214104. [PMID: 37163370 PMCID: PMC10174188 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20221094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Allergic asthma is among the most common immune-mediated diseases across the world, and type 2 immune responses are thought to be central to pathogenesis. The importance of T helper 2 (Th2) cells as central regulators of type 2 responses in asthma has, however, become less clear with the discovery of other potent innate sources of type 2 cytokines and innate mediators of inflammation such as the alarmins. This review provides an update of our current understanding of Th2 cells in human asthma, highlighting their many guises and functions in asthma, both pathogenic and regulatory, and how these are influenced by the tissue location and disease stage and severity. It also explores how biologics targeting type 2 immune pathways are impacting asthma, and how these have the potential to reveal hitherto underappreciated roles for Th2 cell in lung inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- James A Harker
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London , London, UK
| | - Clare M Lloyd
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London , London, UK
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Murphy RC, Lai Y, Altman MC, Barrow KA, Dill-McFarland KA, Liu M, Hamerman JA, Lacy-Hulbert A, Piliponsky AM, Ziegler SF, Altemeier WA, Debley JS, Gharib SA, Hallstrand TS. Rhinovirus infection of the airway epithelium enhances mast cell immune responses via epithelial-derived interferons. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2023; 151:1484-1493. [PMID: 36708815 PMCID: PMC10257743 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2022.12.825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mast cells (MCs) within the airway epithelium in asthma are closely related to airway dysfunction, but cross talk between airway epithelial cells (AECs) and MCs in asthma remains incompletely understood. Human rhinovirus (RV) infections are key triggers for asthma progression, and AECs from individuals with asthma may have dysregulated antiviral responses. OBJECTIVE We utilized primary AECs in an ex vivo coculture model system to examine cross talk between AECs and MCs after epithelial rhinovirus infection. METHODS Primary AECs were obtained from 11 children with asthma and 10 healthy children, differentiated at air-liquid interface, and cultured in the presence of laboratory of allergic diseases 2 (LAD2) MCs. AECs were infected with rhinovirus serogroup A 16 (RV16) for 48 hours. RNA isolated from both AECs and MCs underwent RNA sequencing. Direct effects of epithelial-derived interferons on LAD2 MCs were examined by real-time quantitative PCR. RESULTS MCs increased expression of proinflammatory and antiviral genes in AECs. AECs demonstrated a robust antiviral response after RV16 infection that resulted in significant changes in MC gene expression, including upregulation of genes involved in antiviral responses, leukocyte activation, and type 2 inflammation. Subsequent ex vivo modeling demonstrated that IFN-β induces MC type 2 gene expression. The effects of AEC donor phenotype were small relative to the effects of viral infection and the presence of MCs. CONCLUSIONS There is significant cross talk between AECs and MCs, which are present in the epithelium in asthma. Epithelial-derived interferons not only play a role in viral suppression but also further alter MC immune responses including specific type 2 genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan C Murphy
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Seattle, Wash; Center for Lung Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, Wash.
| | - Ying Lai
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Seattle, Wash; Center for Lung Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, Wash
| | - Matthew C Altman
- Division of Allergy and Infectious Disease, Department of Medicine, Seattle, Wash; Immunology Program, Benaroya Research Institute, Seattle, Wash
| | - Kaitlyn A Barrow
- Division of Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine, Seattle Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Seattle, Wash; Center for Immunity and Immunotherapies, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Wash
| | | | - Matthew Liu
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Seattle, Wash; Center for Lung Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, Wash
| | | | | | - Adrian M Piliponsky
- Center for Immunity and Immunotherapies, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Wash
| | | | - William A Altemeier
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Seattle, Wash; Center for Lung Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, Wash
| | - Jason S Debley
- Division of Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine, Seattle Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Seattle, Wash; Center for Immunity and Immunotherapies, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Wash
| | - Sina A Gharib
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Seattle, Wash; Center for Lung Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, Wash
| | - Teal S Hallstrand
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Seattle, Wash; Center for Lung Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, Wash
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Ostrin EJ, Rider NL, Alousi AM, Irajizad E, Li L, Peng Q, Kim ST, Bashoura L, Arain MH, Noor LZ, Patel N, Mehta R, Popat UR, Hosing C, Jenq RR, Rondon G, Hanash SM, Paczesny S, Shpall EJ, Champlin RE, Dickey BF, Sheshadri A. A Nasal Inflammatory Cytokine Signature Is Associated with Early Graft-versus-Host Disease of the Lung after Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation: Proof of Concept. Immunohorizons 2023; 7:421-430. [PMID: 37289498 PMCID: PMC10491477 DOI: 10.4049/immunohorizons.2300031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Respiratory inflammation in bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome (BOS) after hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) is poorly understood. Clinical criteria for early-stage BOS (stage 0p) often capture HCT recipients without BOS. Measuring respiratory tract inflammation may help identify BOS, particularly early BOS. We conducted a prospective observational study in HCT recipients with new-onset BOS (n = 14), BOS stage 0p (n = 10), and recipients without lung impairment with (n = 3) or without (n = 8) chronic graft-versus-host disease and measured nasal inflammation using nasosorption at enrollment and then every 3 mo for 1 y. We divided BOS stage 0p into impairment that did not return to baseline values (preBOS, n = 6), or transient impairment (n = 4). We tested eluted nasal mucosal lining fluid from nasosorption matrices for inflammatory chemokines and cytokines using multiplex magnetic bead immunoassays. We analyzed between-group differences using the Kruskal-Wallis method, adjusting for multiple comparisons. We found increased nasal inflammation in preBOS and therefore directly compared patients with preBOS to those with transient impairment, as this would be of greatest diagnostic relevance. After adjusting for multiple corrections, we found significant increases in growth factors (FGF2, TGF-α, GM-CSF, VEGF), macrophage activation (CCL4, TNF-α, IL-6), neutrophil activation (CXCL2, IL-8), T cell activation (CD40 ligand, IL-2, IL-12p70, IL-15), type 2 inflammation (eotaxin, IL-4, IL-13), type 17 inflammation (IL-17A), dendritic maturation (FLT3 ligand, IL-7), and counterregulatory molecules (PD-L1, IL-1 receptor antagonist, IL-10) in preBOS patients compared to transient impairment. These differences waned over time. In conclusion, a transient multifaceted nasal inflammatory response is associated with preBOS. Our findings require validation in larger longitudinal cohorts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edwin J. Ostrin
- Department of General Internal Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Nicholas L. Rider
- Division of Clinical Informatics, Liberty University College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lynchburg, VA
| | - Amin M. Alousi
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Ehsan Irajizad
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Liang Li
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Qian Peng
- Department of General Internal Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Sang T. Kim
- Department of General Internal Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Lara Bashoura
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Muhammad H. Arain
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Laila Z. Noor
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Nikul Patel
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Rohtesh Mehta
- Division of Clinical Research, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
| | - Uday R. Popat
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Chitra Hosing
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Robert R. Jenq
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Gabriela Rondon
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Samir M. Hanash
- Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Sophie Paczesny
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC
| | - Elizabeth J. Shpall
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Richard E. Champlin
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Burton F. Dickey
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Ajay Sheshadri
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
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Fontes V, Ferreira H, Ribeiro M, Pinheiro A, Maramaldo C, Pereira E, Batista L, Júnior A, Lobato L, Silva F, Sousa L, Lima W, Lima C, Soczek S, Carvalho R, Santos M, Fernandes E, Sousa E, Neto L. High Incidence of Respiratory Syncytial Virus in Children with Community-Acquired Pneumonia from a City in the Brazilian Pre-Amazon Region. Viruses 2023; 15:1306. [PMID: 37376604 PMCID: PMC10305439 DOI: 10.3390/v15061306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Although fewer children have been affected by the severe form of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) continues to be the leading global cause of child hospitalizations and deaths. AIM This study investigated the incidence of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) as well its subtypes (RSV A and B), adenovirus (ADV), rhinovirus (HRV), metapneumovirus (HMPV), coronavirus (NL63, OC43, 229E and HKU1), parainfluenza virus subtypes (PI1, PI2 and PI3), bocavirus and influenza A and B viruses (FluA and FluB) in children diagnosed with CAP during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS A total of 200 children with clinically confirmed CAP were initially recruited, of whom 107 had negative qPCR results for SARS-CoV-2 and were included in this study. Viral subtypes were identified using a real-time polymerase chain reaction in the nasopharyngeal swab samples. RESULTS Viruses were identified in 69.2% of the patients. RSV infections were the most frequently identified (65.4%), with type RSV B being the most prevalent (63.5%). In addition, HCoV 229E and HRV were detected in 6.5% and 3.7% of the patients, respectively. RSV type B was associated with severe acute respiratory infection (ARI) and a younger age (less than 24 months). CONCLUSIONS New strategies for preventing and treating viral respiratory infections, particularly RSV infections, are necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valéria Fontes
- Laboratory of Virology, Post-Graduate Programme in Microbial Biology, CEUMA University, São Luís, MA 65075-120, Brazil
| | - Hivylla Ferreira
- Central Public Health Laboratory of Maranhão—LACEN-MA, Osvaldo Cruz Institute, São Luís, MA 65020-904, Brazil
| | - Marilene Ribeiro
- Hospital of Federal University of Maranhão, HU-UFMA, São Luís, MA 65020-070, Brazil
| | - Aruanã Pinheiro
- Postdoctoral Program in Microbial Biology, CEUMA University, São Luís, MA 65075-120, Brazil
| | - Carlos Maramaldo
- Central Public Health Laboratory of Maranhão—LACEN-MA, Osvaldo Cruz Institute, São Luís, MA 65020-904, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Pereira
- Laboratory of Virology, Post-Graduate Programme in Microbial Biology, CEUMA University, São Luís, MA 65075-120, Brazil
| | - Luís Batista
- Postgraduate Program in Adult Health (PPGSAD), Federal University of Maranhão, UFMA, São Luís, MA 65080-805, Brazil
| | - Antonio Júnior
- Postgraduate Program in Adult Health (PPGSAD), Federal University of Maranhão, UFMA, São Luís, MA 65080-805, Brazil
| | - Luis Lobato
- Central Public Health Laboratory of Maranhão—LACEN-MA, Osvaldo Cruz Institute, São Luís, MA 65020-904, Brazil
- Post-Graduate Programme in Tropical Medicine, FIOCRUZ-RJ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21040-360, Brazil
| | - Fabiano Silva
- Central Public Health Laboratory of Maranhão—LACEN-MA, Osvaldo Cruz Institute, São Luís, MA 65020-904, Brazil
- Post-Graduate Programme in Tropical Medicine, FIOCRUZ-RJ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21040-360, Brazil
| | - Luis Sousa
- Laboratory of Virology, Post-Graduate Programme in Microbial Biology, CEUMA University, São Luís, MA 65075-120, Brazil
- Central Public Health Laboratory of Maranhão—LACEN-MA, Osvaldo Cruz Institute, São Luís, MA 65020-904, Brazil
| | - Washington Lima
- Post-Graduate Programme in Biodiversity and Biotechnology (BIONORTE), CEUMA University, São Luís, MA 65075-120, Brazil
| | - Claudia Lima
- Laboratory of Virology, Post-Graduate Programme in Microbial Biology, CEUMA University, São Luís, MA 65075-120, Brazil
| | - Suzany Soczek
- Post-Graduate Programme in Biotechnology Applied to Child and Adolescent Health, Pelé Pequeno Príncipe Research Institute, Curitiba, PR 80250-060, Brazil
| | - Rafael Carvalho
- Postgraduate Program in Adult Health (PPGSAD), Federal University of Maranhão, UFMA, São Luís, MA 65080-805, Brazil
| | | | - Elizabeth Fernandes
- Post-Graduate Programme in Biotechnology Applied to Child and Adolescent Health, Pelé Pequeno Príncipe Research Institute, Curitiba, PR 80250-060, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Sousa
- Laboratory of Virology, Post-Graduate Programme in Microbial Biology, CEUMA University, São Luís, MA 65075-120, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Adult Health (PPGSAD), Federal University of Maranhão, UFMA, São Luís, MA 65080-805, Brazil
| | - Lidio Neto
- Laboratory of Virology, Post-Graduate Programme in Microbial Biology, CEUMA University, São Luís, MA 65075-120, Brazil
- Central Public Health Laboratory of Maranhão—LACEN-MA, Osvaldo Cruz Institute, São Luís, MA 65020-904, Brazil
- Post-Graduate Programme in Biodiversity and Biotechnology (BIONORTE), CEUMA University, São Luís, MA 65075-120, Brazil
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Matsuyama T, Machida K, Mizuno K, Matsuyama H, Dotake Y, Shinmura M, Takagi K, Inoue H. The Functional Role of Group 2 Innate Lymphoid Cells in Asthma. Biomolecules 2023; 13:893. [PMID: 37371472 DOI: 10.3390/biom13060893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Asthma is a heterogeneous disease characterized by chronic airway inflammation. Group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2) play an important role in the pathogenesis of asthma. ILC2s lack antigen-specific receptors and respond to epithelial-derived cytokines, leading to the induction of airway eosinophilic inflammation in an antigen-independent manner. Additionally, ILC2s might be involved in the mechanism of steroid resistance. Numerous studies in both mice and humans have shown that ILC2s induce airway inflammation through inflammatory signals, including cytokines and other mediators derived from immune or non-immune cells. ILC2s and T helper type 2 (Th2) cells collaborate through direct and indirect interactions to organize type 2 immune responses. Interestingly, the frequencies or numbers of ILC2 are increased in the blood and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of asthma patients, and the numbers of ILC2s in the blood and sputum of severe asthmatics are significantly larger than those of mild asthmatics. These findings may contribute to the regulation of the immune response in asthma. This review article highlights our current understanding of the functional role of ILC2s in asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Matsuyama
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890-8520, Japan
| | - Kentaro Machida
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890-8520, Japan
| | - Keiko Mizuno
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890-8520, Japan
| | - Hiromi Matsuyama
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890-8520, Japan
| | - Yoichi Dotake
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890-8520, Japan
| | - Masahiro Shinmura
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890-8520, Japan
| | - Koichi Takagi
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890-8520, Japan
| | - Hiromasa Inoue
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890-8520, Japan
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46
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Lozano-Espinosa M, Antolín-Amérigo D, Riera Del Brío J, Gordo Vidal F, Quirce S, Álvarez Rodríguez J. Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) and beyond in near fatal asthma: A comprehensive review. Respir Med 2023:107246. [PMID: 37245648 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmed.2023.107246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The treatment of choice in severe asthma exacerbations with respiratory failure includes ventilatory support, both invasive and/or non-invasive, along with different kinds of asthma medication. Of note, the rate of mortality of patients with asthma has decreased substantially in recent years mainly due to significant advances in pharmacological treatment and other management strategies. However, the risk of death in patients with severe asthma who require invasive mechanical ventilation has been estimated between 6.5% and 10.3%. When conventional measures fail, rescue strategies, such as extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) or extracorporeal CO2 removal (ECCO2R) may need to be implemented. While ECMO does not constitute a definitive treatment per se, it can minimize further ventilator associated lung injury (VALI) and can enable diagnostic-therapeutic maneuvers that cannot be performed without ECMO such as bronchoscopy and transfer for diagnostic imaging. Asthma is one of the diseases that is associated with excellent outcomes for patients with refractory respiratory failure requiring ECMO support, as shown by the Extracorporeal Life Support Organization (ELSO) registry. Moreover, in such situations, the use of ECCO2R for rescue has been described and utilized in both children and adults and is more widely spread in different hospitals than ECMO. In this article, we aim to review the evidence for the usefulness of extracorporeal respiratory support measures in the management of severe asthma exacerbations that lead to respiratory failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Lozano-Espinosa
- Servicio de Medicina Intensiva, Hospital Universitario de Fuenlabrada, Fuenlabrada, Madrid, Spain
| | - Darío Antolín-Amérigo
- Servicio de Alergia, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS) Madrid, Spain.
| | - Jordi Riera Del Brío
- Servicio de Medicina Intensiva, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, SODIR, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Federico Gordo Vidal
- Servicio de Medicina Intensiva, Hospital Universitario Henares, Coslada, Madrid, Spain; Grupo de Investigación en Patología Crítica. Universidad Francisco de Vitoria. Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Santiago Quirce
- Department of Allergy, La Paz University Hospital, IdiPAZ, Madrid, Spain
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Alkubaisi NA, Aziz IM, Alsaleh AN, Alhetheel AF, Almajhdi FN. Molecular Profiling of Inflammatory Mediators in Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus and Human Bocavirus Infection. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:genes14051101. [PMID: 37239461 DOI: 10.3390/genes14051101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Infections due to human respiratory syncytial virus (HRSV) and human bocavirus (HBoV) can mediate the release of several pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α, which are usually associated with disease severity in children. In this study, the change in the expression profile of cytokines and chemokines were determined during HRSV, HBoV, and HRSV coinfection with HBoV in 75 nasopharyngeal aspirates (NPAs) samples, positive real-time reverse transcriptase PCR Assay (rRT-PCR) for HRSV (n = 36), HBoV (n = 23) infection alone or HRSV coinfection with HBoV (n = 16). The samples were collected from hospitalized children. qPCR-based detection revealed that the levels of IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-13, IL-33, and G-CSF were significantly (p < 0.05) greater in patients than in controls. IL-4, IL-17, GM-CSF, and CCL-5 were significantly elevated in children with HRSV coinfection with HBoV than in other groups (p < 0.05). TNF-α, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-13, and IL-33 in children with HRSV were significantly increased in severe infections compared to mild infections. Whereas, IL-10, IL-13, and IL-33 were significantly increased in severe infection in compared a mild infection in children with HBoV. Further large-scale investigations involving isolates are needed to enhance our knowledge of the association between viral infections and cytokine expression patterns during the different stages of HRSV and HBoV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noorah A Alkubaisi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibrahim M Aziz
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Asma N Alsaleh
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulkarim F Alhetheel
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahad N Almajhdi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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48
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Walsh LJ, Sullivan A, Ward C, Fanning LJ, O'Byrne PM, MacSharry JA, Murphy DM. Impact of Airway Virus in Severe Asthmatic Patients: A Pilot Study. ALLERGY, ASTHMA & IMMUNOLOGY RESEARCH 2023; 15:406-411. [PMID: 37075793 DOI: 10.4168/aair.2023.15.3.406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
The lungs have their own microbiota which seems to be altered in disease processes such as asthma. Viral infection accounts for many asthma exacerbations. Little is known about the lung virome, and the role that viruses play in non-exacerbating asthmatics. We aimed to assess if detection of virus in bronchoscopy samples of asthmatic patients in a non-exacerbating state influences their asthma control and modulates airway cytokine composition. Patients were recruited from a specialist asthma clinic and underwent bronchoscopy with standardised bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL). Viral analysis was performed; cell differential and cytokine levels were measured. Forty-six samples were obtained of which 10.8% demonstrated evidence of airway virus, and 91.3% of patients in the cohort were classed as severe asthmatics. Oral steroid use was significantly higher in severe asthmatic patients with virus detected, and the forced expiratory volume in one second tended to be lower in the virus-detected group. It was also found that BAL interleukin-13 and tumor necrosis factor-α levels were significantly higher in severe asthmatic patients with virus detected. Our results suggest that in severe asthmatics in a non-exacerbating state, the presence of virus resulted in overall poorer asthma control. The pattern of cytokine elevation seen in asthmatic patients with virus detected may provide insight to the pathophysiology involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura J Walsh
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Cork University Hospital, Cork, Ireland
| | - Ashley Sullivan
- The APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- The Schools of Medicine and Microbiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Christopher Ward
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Liam J Fanning
- The Schools of Medicine and Microbiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Paul M O'Byrne
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - John A MacSharry
- The APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- The Schools of Medicine and Microbiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Desmond M Murphy
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Cork University Hospital, Cork, Ireland
- Health Research Board, Clinical Research Facility, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
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49
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Radzikowska U, Eljaszewicz A, Tan G, Stocker N, Heider A, Westermann P, Steiner S, Dreher A, Wawrzyniak P, Rückert B, Rodriguez-Coira J, Zhakparov D, Huang M, Jakiela B, Sanak M, Moniuszko M, O'Mahony L, Jutel M, Kebadze T, Jackson JD, Edwards RM, Thiel V, Johnston LS, Akdis AC, Sokolowska M. Rhinovirus-induced epithelial RIG-I inflammasome suppresses antiviral immunity and promotes inflammation in asthma and COVID-19. Nat Commun 2023; 14:2329. [PMID: 37087523 PMCID: PMC10122208 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37470-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Rhinoviruses and allergens, such as house dust mite are major agents responsible for asthma exacerbations. The influence of pre-existing airway inflammation on the infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is largely unknown. We analyse mechanisms of response to viral infection in experimental in vivo rhinovirus infection in healthy controls and patients with asthma, and in in vitro experiments with house dust mite, rhinovirus and SARS-CoV-2 in human primary airway epithelium. Here, we show that rhinovirus infection in patients with asthma leads to an excessive RIG-I inflammasome activation, which diminishes its accessibility for type I/III interferon responses, leading to their early functional impairment, delayed resolution, prolonged viral clearance and unresolved inflammation in vitro and in vivo. Pre-exposure to house dust mite augments this phenomenon by inflammasome priming and auxiliary inhibition of early type I/III interferon responses. Prior infection with rhinovirus followed by SARS-CoV-2 infection augments RIG-I inflammasome activation and epithelial inflammation. Timely inhibition of the epithelial RIG-I inflammasome may lead to more efficient viral clearance and lower the burden of rhinovirus and SARS-CoV-2 infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urszula Radzikowska
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Herman-Burchard-Strasse 9, 7265, Davos Wolfgang, Switzerland
- Christine Kühne - Center for Allergy Research and Education (CK-CARE), Herman-Burchard-Strasse 1, 7265, Davos Wolfgang, Switzerland
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Immune Regulation, Medical University of Bialystok, Waszyngtona 13 Str., 15-269, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Andrzej Eljaszewicz
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Herman-Burchard-Strasse 9, 7265, Davos Wolfgang, Switzerland
- Christine Kühne - Center for Allergy Research and Education (CK-CARE), Herman-Burchard-Strasse 1, 7265, Davos Wolfgang, Switzerland
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Immune Regulation, Medical University of Bialystok, Waszyngtona 13 Str., 15-269, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Ge Tan
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Herman-Burchard-Strasse 9, 7265, Davos Wolfgang, Switzerland
- Functional Genomics Center Zurich, ETH Zurich/University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Nino Stocker
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Herman-Burchard-Strasse 9, 7265, Davos Wolfgang, Switzerland
| | - Anja Heider
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Herman-Burchard-Strasse 9, 7265, Davos Wolfgang, Switzerland
| | - Patrick Westermann
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Herman-Burchard-Strasse 9, 7265, Davos Wolfgang, Switzerland
| | - Silvio Steiner
- Institute of Virology and Immunology (IVI), Laenggassstrasse 122, 3012, Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathobiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Laenggassstrasse 122, 3012, Bern, Switzerland
- Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Bern, Mittelstrasse 43, 3012, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Anita Dreher
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Herman-Burchard-Strasse 9, 7265, Davos Wolfgang, Switzerland
- Christine Kühne - Center for Allergy Research and Education (CK-CARE), Herman-Burchard-Strasse 1, 7265, Davos Wolfgang, Switzerland
| | - Paulina Wawrzyniak
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Herman-Burchard-Strasse 9, 7265, Davos Wolfgang, Switzerland
- Christine Kühne - Center for Allergy Research and Education (CK-CARE), Herman-Burchard-Strasse 1, 7265, Davos Wolfgang, Switzerland
- Division of Clinical Chemistry and Biochemistry, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Raemistrasse 100, 8091, Zurich, Switzerland
- Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Raemistrasse 100, 8091, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Beate Rückert
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Herman-Burchard-Strasse 9, 7265, Davos Wolfgang, Switzerland
| | - Juan Rodriguez-Coira
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Herman-Burchard-Strasse 9, 7265, Davos Wolfgang, Switzerland
- IMMA, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities Madrid, C. de Julian Romea 23, 28003, Madrid, Spain
- Centre for Metabolomics and Bioanalysis (CEMBIO), Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities Madrid, Urb. Monteprincipe 28925, Alcorcon, Madrid, Spain
| | - Damir Zhakparov
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Herman-Burchard-Strasse 9, 7265, Davos Wolfgang, Switzerland
| | - Mengting Huang
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Herman-Burchard-Strasse 9, 7265, Davos Wolfgang, Switzerland
| | - Bogdan Jakiela
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, M. Skawinska 8 Str., 31-066, Krakow, Poland
| | - Marek Sanak
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, M. Skawinska 8 Str., 31-066, Krakow, Poland
| | - Marcin Moniuszko
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Immune Regulation, Medical University of Bialystok, Waszyngtona 13 Str., 15-269, Bialystok, Poland
- Department of Allergology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Bialystok, M. Sklodowskiej-Curie 24A Str., 15-276, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Liam O'Mahony
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Herman-Burchard-Strasse 9, 7265, Davos Wolfgang, Switzerland
- Department of Medicine and School of Microbiology, APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, College Rd, T12 E138, Cork, Ireland
| | - Marek Jutel
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Wroclaw Medical University, wyb. Lidwika Pasteura 1 Str, 50-367, Wroclaw, Poland
- ALL-MED Medical Research Institute, Gen. Jozefa Hallera 95 Str., 53-201, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Tatiana Kebadze
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Guy Scadding Building, Cale Street, London, SW3 6LY, UK
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Imperial College London, School of Medicine, St Mary's Hospital, Praed Street, London, W21NY, UK
| | - J David Jackson
- Guy's Severe Asthma Centre, School of Immunology & Microbial Sciences, King's College London, Strand, London, WC2R 2LS, UK
- Guy's & St Thomas' NHS Trust, St Thomas' Hospital, Westminster Bridge Rd, London, SE1 7EH, UK
| | - R Michael Edwards
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Guy Scadding Building, Cale Street, London, SW3 6LY, UK
- Asthma UK Centre in Allergic Mechanisms of Asthma, Norfolk Place, London, W2 1PG, UK
| | - Volker Thiel
- Institute of Virology and Immunology (IVI), Laenggassstrasse 122, 3012, Bern, Switzerland
- Multidisciplinary Center for Infectious Diseases, University of Bern, Hallerstrasse 6, 3012, Bern, Switzerland
| | - L Sebastian Johnston
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Guy Scadding Building, Cale Street, London, SW3 6LY, UK
- Asthma UK Centre in Allergic Mechanisms of Asthma, Norfolk Place, London, W2 1PG, UK
- Imperial College Healthcare HNS Trust, The Bays, S Wharf Rd, London, W2 1NY, UK
| | - A Cezmi Akdis
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Herman-Burchard-Strasse 9, 7265, Davos Wolfgang, Switzerland
- Christine Kühne - Center for Allergy Research and Education (CK-CARE), Herman-Burchard-Strasse 1, 7265, Davos Wolfgang, Switzerland
| | - Milena Sokolowska
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Herman-Burchard-Strasse 9, 7265, Davos Wolfgang, Switzerland.
- Christine Kühne - Center for Allergy Research and Education (CK-CARE), Herman-Burchard-Strasse 1, 7265, Davos Wolfgang, Switzerland.
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Clinical characteristics and differential cytokine expression in hospitalized Taiwanese children with respiratory syncytial virus and rhinovirus bronchiolitis. JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY, IMMUNOLOGY, AND INFECTION = WEI MIAN YU GAN RAN ZA ZHI 2023; 56:282-291. [PMID: 36137923 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmii.2022.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Viral bronchiolitis presents a heterogeneous spectrum. In this study, we investigated the clinical characteristics and the cytokines/chemokines profiles among respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), rhinovirus (RV), and their dual infection in Taiwanese children with viral bronchiolitis. METHOD This study was conducted between October 2014 and June 2017. Viral etiology was identified using a Luminex respiratory virus panel and blood cytokines were evaluated using a MILLIPLEX MAP Human Cytokine/Chemokine Panel. Cytokine/Chemokine expressions were compared by clinical severity, steroid treatment, and viral entities. RESULTS A total of 184 patients were evaluated; at least one respiratory virus was identified in 163 (88.6%) patients. RSV and RV were the two leading viral etiologies, with 25.5% and 17.3%, respectively. RV bronchiolitis has a comparable severity to RSV but is more common in children of an older age with a history of recurrent wheezing and blood eosinophilia. Decreased tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interferon gamma (INF-γ) levels were correlated with clinical severity. Patients infected with RV exhibited higher levels of Interleukin (IL)-22, IL-23, IL-25, IL-31, and IL-33 (p < 0.05), whereas those with RSV had higher levels of TNF-α, INF-γ, and IL-10 (p < 0.05). Systemic steroid treatment was associated with higher expressions of IL-4, IL-8, IL-13, and MIP-1α levels (p < 0.05). Cluster analysis revealed a high correlation of IL-33 and IL-31(R2 = 0.9731, p < 0.0001). CONCLUSION Different viral infections elicited the characteristic clinical presentation and immune profiles in bronchiolitis. Our findings also highlight the role of the IL-33/IL-31 axis in the immunopathogenesis of bronchiolitis.
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