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Zhao X, Li S, Xiang Z. Veratrum nigrum L.: A comprehensive review of ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry, pharmacology, pharmacokinetics and metabolism, toxicity, and incompatibility. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 331:118219. [PMID: 38663784 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2024] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Veratrum nigrum L. (V. nigrum) is a well-known herb with a lengthy history of use in Asian and European countries. V. nigrum has been traditionally used to treat epilepsy, hypertension, malignant sores, and stroke, and it possesses emetic and insecticide properties. AIM OF THE REVIEW This review summarized the ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry, pharmacology, pharmacokinetics and metabolism, and toxicity of V. nigrum as well as its incompatibility with other herbs. Current challenges in the use of V. nigrum and possible future research directions were also discussed. MATERIALS AND METHODS Information on V. nigrum was collected from electronic databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science, CNKI, and WanFang DATA; Masterpieces of Traditional Chinese Medicine; local Chinese Materia Medica Standards; and relevant documents. RESULTS In ethnomedical practice, V. nigrum has been used as an emetic and insecticide. Approximately 137 compounds have been isolated from V. nigrum, including alkaloids, stilbenes, flavonoids, organic acids, and esters. Its crude extracts and compounds have shown various effects, including anticancer, hypotensive, insecticidal, and antimicrobial activities as well as the ability to improve hemorheological abnormalities. Pharmacokinetic studies have indicated that veratramine (VAM) and jervine have high bioavailability and possibly enterohepatic circulation. In addition, the sex-related pharmacokinetic differences in V. nigrum alkaloids warrant further attention. Toxicological studies have indicated that cevanine-type alkaloids and VAM may be the main toxic components of V. nigrum, and purine metabolism disorders may be related to V. nigrum toxicity. Furthermore, the neurotoxicity and embryotoxicity of V. nigrum have also been observed. The quality control of V. nigrum and the mechanism underlying its incompatibility with other herbs also deserve further research and refinement. CONCLUSION This review summarized the existing information on V. nigrum, laying the foundation for further studies on this herb and its safe use. Among the various compounds present in V. nigrum, steroid alkaloids are the most numerous and have high content; furthermore, they are closely related to the pharmacological effects of V. nigrum, but their toxicity can not also be ignored. Given that toxicity is a critical issue limiting the clinical application of V. nigrum, more toxicological studies on V. nigrum and its active ingredients, especially steroid alkaloids, should be conducted in the future to further explore its toxicity targets and the underlying mechanisms and to provide more evidence and recommendations to enhance the safety of its clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Zhao
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines and The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Rood, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Shiyang Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Zedong Xiang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines and The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Rood, Shanghai, 201203, China
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Jin L, Zhao Y, Ye T, He Y, Yao L. Cognitive and emotional impairment in stroke survivors: insights from a multi-center study on inpatient rehabilitation therapy. Brain Inj 2024; 38:630-636. [PMID: 38528739 DOI: 10.1080/02699052.2024.2333398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Individuals recovering from stroke often experience cognitive and emotional impairments, but rehab programs tend to focus on motor skills. The aim of this investigation is to systematically assess the change of magnitude of cognitive and emotional function subsequent to a conventional rehabilitative protocol administered to stroke survivors within a defined locale in China. METHODS This is a multicenter study; a total of 1884 stroke survivors who received in-hospital rehabilitation therapy were assessed on admission (T0) and discharge (T1). The tool of InterRAI was used to assess cognitive, emotional, and behavioral abnormality. RESULTS The patients aged >60 years, with a history of hypertension, and long stroke onset duration were more exposed to functional impairment (all p < 0.05). Both cognitive and emotional sections were significantly improved at T1 compared to T0 (p < 0.001). Initially, 64.97% and 46.55% of patients had cognitive or emotional impairment at T0, respectively; this percentage was 58.55% and 37.15% at T1. CONCLUSION Many stroke survivors have ongoing cognitive and emotional problems that require attention. It is essential to focus on rehabilitating these areas during the hospital stay, especially for older patients, those with a longer recovery, and those with hypertension history.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihua Jin
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Ying Zhao
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Ting Ye
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Ying He
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Liqing Yao
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
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Huang S, Joshi A, Shi Z, Wei J, Tran H, Zheng SL, Duggan D, Ashworth A, Billings L, Helfand BT, Qamar A, Bulwa Z, Tafur A, Xu J. Combined polygenic scores for ischemic stroke risk factors aid risk assessment of ischemic stroke. Int J Cardiol 2024; 404:131990. [PMID: 38521508 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2024.131990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Current risk assessment for ischemic stroke (IS) is limited to clinical variables. We hypothesize that polygenic scores (PGS) of IS (PGSIS) and IS-associated diseases such as atrial fibrillation (AF), venous thromboembolism (VTE), coronary artery disease (CAD), hypertension (HTN), and Type 2 diabetes (T2D) may improve the performance of IS risk assessment. METHODS Incident IS was followed for 479,476 participants in the UK Biobank who did not have an IS diagnosis prior to the recruitment. Lifestyle variables (obesity, smoking and alcohol) at the time of study recruitment, clinical diagnoses of IS-associated diseases, PGSIS, and five PGSs for IS-associated diseases were tested using the Cox proportional-hazards model. Predictive performance was assessed using the C-statistic and net reclassification index (NRI). RESULTS During a median average 12.5-year follow-up, 8374 subjects were diagnosed with IS. Known clinical variables (age, gender, clinical diagnoses of IS-associated diseases, obesity, and smoking) and PGSIS were all independently associated with IS (P < 0.001). In addition, PGSIS and each PGS for IS-associated diseases was also independently associated with IS (P < 0.001). Compared to the clinical model, a joint clinical/PGS model improved the C-statistic for predicting IS from 0.71 to 0.73 (P < 0.001) and significantly reclassified IS risk (NRI = 0.017, P < 0.001), and 6.48% of subjects were upgraded from low to high risk. CONCLUSIONS Adding PGSs of IS and IS-associated diseases to known clinical risk factors statistically improved risk assessment for IS, demonstrating the supplementary value of inherited susceptibility measurement . However, its clinical utility is likely limited due to modest improvements in predictive values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Huang
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Abhishek Joshi
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Zhuqing Shi
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Jun Wei
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Huy Tran
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - S Lilly Zheng
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - David Duggan
- Affiliate of City of Hope, Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Annabelle Ashworth
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Liana Billings
- Department of Medicine, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA; University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Brian T Helfand
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA; University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Arman Qamar
- Cardiovascular Institute, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Zachary Bulwa
- Department of Neurology, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Alfonso Tafur
- Cardiovascular Institute, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Jianfeng Xu
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA; University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA.
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He Z, Xie L, Liu J, Wei X, Zhang W, Mei Z. Novel insight into the role of A-kinase anchoring proteins (AKAPs) in ischemic stroke and therapeutic potentials. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 175:116715. [PMID: 38739993 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke, a devastating disease associated with high mortality and disability worldwide, has emerged as an urgent public health issue. A-kinase anchoring proteins (AKAPs) are a group of signal-organizing molecules that compartmentalize and anchor a wide range of receptors and effector proteins and have a major role in stabilizing mitochondrial function and promoting neurodevelopmental development in the central nervous system (CNS). Growing evidence suggests that dysregulation of AKAPs expression and activity is closely associated with oxidative stress, ion disorder, mitochondrial dysfunction, and blood-brain barrier (BBB) impairment in ischemic stroke. However, the underlying mechanisms remain inadequately understood. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the composition and structure of A-kinase anchoring protein (AKAP) family members, emphasizing their physiological functions in the CNS. We explored in depth the molecular and cellular mechanisms of AKAP complexes in the pathological progression and risk factors of ischemic stroke, including hypertension, hyperglycemia, lipid metabolism disorders, and atrial fibrillation. Herein, we highlight the potential of AKAP complexes as a pharmacological target against ischemic stroke in the hope of inspiring translational research and innovative clinical approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyu He
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, College of Integrated Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410208, China
| | - Letian Xie
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, College of Integrated Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410208, China
| | - Jiyong Liu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Diagnostics, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410208, China
| | - Xuan Wei
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, College of Integrated Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410208, China
| | - Wenli Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410208, China.
| | - Zhigang Mei
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, College of Integrated Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410208, China; Third-Grade Pharmacological Laboratory on Chinese Medicine Approved by State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei 443002, China.
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He G, Fang H, Xue B, Wei L, Lu H, Deng J, Zhu Y. Impact of leukoaraiosis on the infarct growth rate and clinical outcome in acute large vessel occlusion stroke after endovascular thrombectomy. Eur Stroke J 2024; 9:338-347. [PMID: 38230536 DOI: 10.1177/23969873241226771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION As a marker of chronic cerebral small vessel disease, leukoaraiosis (LA) was reported to impact the recruitment of collaterals in acute ischemic stroke (AIS). We intended to explore the impact of LA on the infarct growth rate (IGR) and clinical outcome by impaired collateral development in AIS patients with large vessel occlusion (LVO) who underwent endovascular thrombectomy (EVT). PATIENTS AND METHODS Two hundred thirty-six AIS patients who underwent EVT were retrospectively reviewed. The severity of LA was graded using the Fazekas scale with non-contrast CT. IGR was calculated by the acute core volume on CT perfusion divided by the time from stroke onset to imaging. The collateral status after LVO was assessed using the ASITN/SIR collateral scale. The clinical outcomes after EVT were evaluated using a modified Rankin Scale (mRS). The Alberta stroke program early CT score (ASPECTS), the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score at admission, and the modified treatment in cerebral infarction (mTICI) score after EVT were also included. Correlations between those factors were analyzed. RESULTS Patients with severe LA had significantly larger core volume on CTP (p = 0.022) and lower collateral grade (p < 0.001). Faster IGR was significantly associated with higher LA severity (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 1.53; 95% CI: 1.02-2.33; p = 0.046), higher NIHSS (aOR: 1.04; 95% CI: 1.00-1.09; p = 0.032) and impaired collaterals (aOR: 2.26; 95% CI: 1.27-4.03; p = 0.005). In mediation analysis, collaterals explained 33% of the effect of LA on fast IGR. There was correlation between the severity of LA and mRS (p = 0.007). DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION The increasing severity of LA is associated with impaired collateral status and fast infarct growth. These findings suggest that LA may become a predictive imaging biomarker for the likelihood of progression of tissue injury and clinical outcome after EVT in acute large vessel occlusion stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangchen He
- Department of Radiology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Fang
- Department of Radiology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Bo Xue
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Liming Wei
- Department of Radiology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Haitao Lu
- Department of Radiology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiangshan Deng
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yueqi Zhu
- Department of Radiology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Hunt RD, Cipolla MJ. Chronic hypertension alters the relationship between collateral blood flow, cortical cerebral blood flow, and brain tissue oxygenation. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2024:271678X241258569. [PMID: 38806143 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x241258569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
This study measured the relationship between pial collateral (leptomeningeal anastomoses, LMA) flow, intraparenchymal cortical cerebral blood flow (cCBF) and brain tissue oxygenation (btO2) during acute ischemic stroke to investigate how pial flow translates to downstream cCBF and btO2 and examined how this relationship is altered in hypertension. Proximal transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO) was performed in male Wistar (n = 8/group) and Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats (SHR, n = 8/group). A combination laser Doppler-oxygen probe was placed within the expected cortical peri-infarct in addition to a surface laser doppler probe which measured LMA flow. Phenylephrine (PE) was infused 30 minutes into tMCAO to increase blood pressure (BP) by 30% for 10 minutes and assessed CBF autoregulation. During the initial 30-minute period of tMCAO, btO2 and cCBF were lower in SHR compared to Wistar rats (btO2: 11.5 ± 10.5 vs 17.5 ± 10.8 mmHg and cCBF: -29.7 ± 23.3% vs -17.8 ± 41.9%); however, LMA flow was similar between groups. The relationship between LMA flow, cCBF and btO2 were interdependent in Wistar rats. However, this relationship was disrupted in SHR rats and partially restored by induced hypertension. This study provides evidence that cCBF and btO2 were diminished during tMCAO in chronic hypertension, and that induced hypertension was beneficial regardless of hypertensive status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan D Hunt
- Department of Neurological Sciences, University of Vermont, Larner College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Marilyn J Cipolla
- Department of Neurological Sciences, University of Vermont, Larner College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, USA
- Department of Electrical and Biomedical Engineering, University of Vermont, College of Engineering and Mathematical Sciences, Burlington, VT, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Vermont, Larner College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, USA
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Vermont, Larner College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, USA
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Güney R, Potreck A, Neuberger U, Schmitt N, Purrucker J, Möhlenbruch MA, Bendszus M, Seker F. Association of Carotid Artery Disease with Collateralization and Infarct Growth in Patients with Acute Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2024; 45:574-580. [PMID: 38575322 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a8180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Collaterals are important in large vessel occlusions (LVO), but the role of carotid artery disease (CAD) in this context remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the impact of CAD on intracranial collateralization and infarct growth after thrombectomy in LVO. MATERIALS AND METHODS All patients who underwent thrombectomy due to M1 segment occlusion from 01/2015 to 12/2021 were retrospectively included. Internal carotid artery stenosis according to NASCET was assessed on the affected and nonaffected sides. Collaterals were assessed according to the Tan score. Infarct growth was quantified by comparing ASPECTS on follow-up imaging with baseline ASPECTS. RESULTS In total, 709 patients were included, 118 (16.6%) of whom presented with CAD (defined as severe stenosis ≥70% or occlusion ipsilaterally), with 42 cases (5.9%) being contralateral. Good collateralization (Tan 3) was present in 56.5% of the patients with ipsilateral CAD and 69.1% of the patients with contralateral CAD. The ipsilateral stenosis grade was an independent predictor of good collateral supply (adjusted OR: 1.01; NASCET point, 95% CI: 1.00-1.01; P = .009), whereas the contralateral stenosis grade was not (P = .34). Patients with ipsilateral stenosis of ≥70% showed less infarct growth (median ASPECTS decay: 1; IQR: 0-2) compared with patients with 0%-69% stenosis (median: 2; IQR: 1-3) (P = .005). However, baseline ASPECTS was significantly lower in patients with stenosis of 70%-100% (P < .001). The results of a multivariate analysis revealed that increasing ipsilateral stenosis grade (adjusted OR: 1.0; 95% CI: 0.99-1.00; P = .004) and good collateralization (adjusted OR: 0.5; 95% CI: 0.4-0.62; P < .001) were associated with less infarct growth. CONCLUSIONS CAD of the ipsilateral ICA is an independent predictor of good collateral supply. Patients with CAD tend to have larger baseline infarct size but less infarct growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Resul Güney
- From the Departments of Neuroradiology (R.G., A.P., U.N., N.S., M.A.M., M.B., F.S.) Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Arne Potreck
- From the Departments of Neuroradiology (R.G., A.P., U.N., N.S., M.A.M., M.B., F.S.) Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ulf Neuberger
- From the Departments of Neuroradiology (R.G., A.P., U.N., N.S., M.A.M., M.B., F.S.) Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Niclas Schmitt
- From the Departments of Neuroradiology (R.G., A.P., U.N., N.S., M.A.M., M.B., F.S.) Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jan Purrucker
- Departments of Neurology (J.P.), Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Markus A Möhlenbruch
- From the Departments of Neuroradiology (R.G., A.P., U.N., N.S., M.A.M., M.B., F.S.) Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Martin Bendszus
- From the Departments of Neuroradiology (R.G., A.P., U.N., N.S., M.A.M., M.B., F.S.) Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Fatih Seker
- From the Departments of Neuroradiology (R.G., A.P., U.N., N.S., M.A.M., M.B., F.S.) Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
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Aziz YN, Sucharew H, Stanton RJ, Alwell K, Ferioli S, Khatri P, Adeoye O, Flaherty ML, Mackey J, De Los Rios La Rosa F, Martini SR, Mistry EA, Coleman E, Jasne AS, Slavin SJ, Walsh K, Star M, Ridha M, Ades LMC, Haverbusch M, Demel SL, Woo D, Kissela BM, Kleindorfer DO. Racial Disparities in Blood Pressure at Time of Acute Ischemic Stroke Presentation: A Population Study. J Am Heart Assoc 2024; 13:e032645. [PMID: 38700029 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.123.032645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypertension is a stroke risk factor with known disparities in prevalence and management between Black and White patients. We sought to identify if racial differences in presenting blood pressure (BP) during acute ischemic stroke exist. METHODS AND RESULTS Adults with acute ischemic stroke presenting to an emergency department within 24 hours of last known normal during study epochs 2005, 2010, and 2015 within the Greater Cincinnati/Northern Kentucky Stroke Study were included. Demographics, histories, arrival BP, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score, and time from last known normal were collected. Multivariable linear regression was used to determine differences in mean BP between Black and White patients, adjusting for age, sex, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score, history of hypertension, hyperlipidemia, smoking, stroke, body mass index, and study epoch. Of 4048 patients, 853 Black and 3195 White patients were included. In adjusted analysis, Black patients had higher presenting systolic BP (161 mm Hg [95% CI, 159-164] versus 158 mm Hg [95% CI, 157-159], P<0.01), diastolic BP (86 mm Hg [95% CI, 85-88] versus 83 mm Hg [95% CI, 82-84], P<0.01), and mean arterial pressure (111 mm Hg [95% CI, 110-113] versus 108 mm Hg [95% CI, 107-109], P<0.01) compared with White patients. In adjusted subanalysis of patients <4.5 hours from last known normal, diastolic BP (88 mm Hg [95% CI, 86-90] versus 83 mm Hg [95% CI, 82-84], P<0.01) and mean arterial pressure (112 mm Hg [95% CI, 110-114] versus 108 mm Hg [95% CI, 107-109], P<0.01) were also higher in Black patients. CONCLUSIONS This population-based study suggests differences in presenting BP between Black and White patients during acute ischemic stroke. Further study is needed to determine whether these differences influence clinical decision-making, outcome, or clinical trial eligibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasmin N Aziz
- Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation Medicine University of Cincinnati Cincinnati OH
| | - Heidi Sucharew
- Department of Emergency Medicine University of Cincinnati Cincinnati OH
| | - Robert J Stanton
- Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation Medicine University of Cincinnati Cincinnati OH
| | - Kathleen Alwell
- Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation Medicine University of Cincinnati Cincinnati OH
| | - Simona Ferioli
- Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation Medicine University of Cincinnati Cincinnati OH
| | - Pooja Khatri
- Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation Medicine University of Cincinnati Cincinnati OH
| | - Opeolu Adeoye
- Department of Emergency Medicine Washington University St Louis MO
| | - Matthew L Flaherty
- Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation Medicine University of Cincinnati Cincinnati OH
| | - Jason Mackey
- Department of Neurology Indiana University Indianapolis IN
| | | | - Sharyl R Martini
- Department of Neurology Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center Houston TX
| | - Eva A Mistry
- Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation Medicine University of Cincinnati Cincinnati OH
| | | | - Adam S Jasne
- Department of Neurology Yale University New Haven CT
| | | | - Kyle Walsh
- Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation Medicine University of Cincinnati Cincinnati OH
| | - Michael Star
- Soroka University Medical Center Beersheva Israel
| | - Mohamed Ridha
- Department of Neurology The Ohio State University Columbus OH
| | - Laura M C Ades
- Department of Neurology NYU Grossman School of Medicine Brooklyn NY
| | - Mary Haverbusch
- Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation Medicine University of Cincinnati Cincinnati OH
| | - Stacie L Demel
- Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation Medicine University of Cincinnati Cincinnati OH
| | - Daniel Woo
- Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation Medicine University of Cincinnati Cincinnati OH
| | - Brett M Kissela
- Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation Medicine University of Cincinnati Cincinnati OH
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Mochizuki M, Uchiyama Y, Domen K, Koyama T. Clinical applicability of automated tractography for stroke rehabilitation: Z-score conversion of fractional anisotropy. J Phys Ther Sci 2024; 36:319-324. [PMID: 38694010 PMCID: PMC11060757 DOI: 10.1589/jpts.36.319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024] Open
Abstract
[Purpose] To expand the applicability of diffusion-tensor tractography fractional anisotropy for stroke rehabilitation, this study aimed to provide references for representative neural tracts from non-lesioned hemispheres. Therefore, we applied the assessment of neural integrity to representative stroke patients using Z-score conversion. [Participants and Methods] Fractional anisotropy values were assessed in neural tracts, including the corticospinal tract, inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus, uncinate fasciculus, and anterior thalamic radiation, of stroke patients receiving acute care. [Results] Data were collected from 60 patients for the non-lesioned right hemisphere and 68 patients for the non-lesioned left hemisphere. Mean fractional anisotropy values in the corticospinal tract and inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus were notably elevated, reaching approximately 0.6 and 0.5, respectively. The mean fractional anisotropy values for other neural tracts were approximately 0.4, and, the overall standard deviations were approximately 0.04. In two typical stroke patients assessed using Z-scores, the scores in the corticospinal tract corresponded to the severity of the hemiparesis. The scores in the anterior thalamic radiation and inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus were associated with more significant brain dysfunction, including inattention and aphasia. [Conclusion] In this study, the Z-score findings related to stroke symptoms align with those reported in the literature, indicating the appropriateness of the methodology used and its potential in future applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Midori Mochizuki
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Nishinomiya Kyoritsu
Neurosurgical Hospital: 11-1 Imazu-Yamanaka-cho, Nishinomiya, Hyogo 663-8211, Japan
| | - Yuki Uchiyama
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, School of Medicine,
Hyogo Medical University, Japan
| | - Kazuhisa Domen
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, School of Medicine,
Hyogo Medical University, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Koyama
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Nishinomiya Kyoritsu
Neurosurgical Hospital: 11-1 Imazu-Yamanaka-cho, Nishinomiya, Hyogo 663-8211, Japan
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, School of Medicine,
Hyogo Medical University, Japan
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10
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Peng Q, Zeng W. The protective role of endothelial GLUT1 in ischemic stroke. Brain Behav 2024; 14:e3536. [PMID: 38747733 PMCID: PMC11095318 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.3536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To provide thorough insight on the protective role of endothelial glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1) in ischemic stroke. METHODS We comprehensively review the role of endothelial GLUT1 in ischemic stroke by narrating the findings concerning biological characteristics of GLUT1 in brain in depth, summarizing the changes of endothelial GLUT1 expression and activity during ischemic stroke, discussing how GLUT1 achieves its neuroprotective effect via maintaining endothelial function, and identifying some outstanding blind spots in current studies. RESULTS Endothelial GLUT1 maintains persistent high glucose and energy requirements of the brain by transporting glucose through the blood-brain barrier, which preserves endothelial function and is beneficial to stroke prognosis. CONCLUSION This review underscores the potential involvement of GLUT1 trafficking, activity modulation, and degradation, and we look forward to more clinical and animal studies to illuminate these mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiwei Peng
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Union HospitalTongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation (Huazhong University of Science and Technology)Ministry of EducationWuhanChina
| | - Weiqi Zeng
- Department of NeurologyThe First People's Hospital of FoshanFoshanChina
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11
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Zingaro A, Ahmad Z, Kholmovski E, Sakata K, Dede' L, Morris AK, Quarteroni A, Trayanova NA. A comprehensive stroke risk assessment by combining atrial computational fluid dynamics simulations and functional patient data. Sci Rep 2024; 14:9515. [PMID: 38664464 PMCID: PMC11045804 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-59997-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Stroke, a major global health concern often rooted in cardiac dynamics, demands precise risk evaluation for targeted intervention. Current risk models, like theCHA 2 DS 2 -VASc score, often lack the granularity required for personalized predictions. In this study, we present a nuanced and thorough stroke risk assessment by integrating functional insights from cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) with patient-specific computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations. Our cohort, evenly split between control and stroke groups, comprises eight patients. Utilizing CINE CMR, we compute kinematic features, revealing smaller left atrial volumes for stroke patients. The incorporation of patient-specific atrial displacement into our hemodynamic simulations unveils the influence of atrial compliance on the flow fields, emphasizing the importance of LA motion in CFD simulations and challenging the conventional rigid wall assumption in hemodynamics models. Standardizing hemodynamic features with functional metrics enhances the differentiation between stroke and control cases. While standalone assessments provide limited clarity, the synergistic fusion of CMR-derived functional data and patient-informed CFD simulations offers a personalized and mechanistic understanding, distinctly segregating stroke from control cases. Specifically, our investigation reveals a crucial clinical insight: normalizing hemodynamic features based on ejection fraction fails to differentiate between stroke and control patients. Differently, when normalized with stroke volume, a clear and clinically significant distinction emerges and this holds true for both the left atrium and its appendage, providing valuable implications for precise stroke risk assessment in clinical settings. This work introduces a novel framework for seamlessly integrating hemodynamic and functional metrics, laying the groundwork for improved predictive models, and highlighting the significance of motion-informed, personalized risk assessments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Zingaro
- ADVANCE, Alliance for Cardiovascular Diagnostic and Treatment Innovation, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N. Charles St., Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA.
- MOX, Laboratory of Modeling and Scientific Computing, Dipartimento di Matematica, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133, Milan, Italy.
- ELEM Biotech S.L., Pier07, Via Laietana, 26, 08003, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Zan Ahmad
- ADVANCE, Alliance for Cardiovascular Diagnostic and Treatment Innovation, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N. Charles St., Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
- Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics, Johns Hopkins University, 100 Wyman Park Dr, Baltimore, MD, 21211, USA
| | - Eugene Kholmovski
- ADVANCE, Alliance for Cardiovascular Diagnostic and Treatment Innovation, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N. Charles St., Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
- Department of Radiology, University of Utah, 30 N Mario Capecchi Dr., Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - Kensuke Sakata
- ADVANCE, Alliance for Cardiovascular Diagnostic and Treatment Innovation, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N. Charles St., Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
| | - Luca Dede'
- MOX, Laboratory of Modeling and Scientific Computing, Dipartimento di Matematica, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Alan K Morris
- Scientific Computing and Imaging Institute, University of Utah, 72 Central Campus Dr., Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - Alfio Quarteroni
- MOX, Laboratory of Modeling and Scientific Computing, Dipartimento di Matematica, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133, Milan, Italy
- Institute of Mathematics, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Station 8, Av. Piccard, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Natalia A Trayanova
- ADVANCE, Alliance for Cardiovascular Diagnostic and Treatment Innovation, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N. Charles St., Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
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12
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Franx B, Dijkhuizen RM, Dippel DWJ. Acute Ischemic Stroke in the Clinic and the Laboratory: Targets for Translational Research. Neuroscience 2024:S0306-4522(24)00159-3. [PMID: 38670254 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2024.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke research has enabled significant advancements in diagnosis, treatment, and management of this debilitating disease, yet challenges remain standing in the way of better patient prognoses. In this narrative review, a fictional case illustrates challenges and uncertainties that medical professionals still face - penumbra identification, lack of neuroprotective agents, side-effects of tissue plasminogen activator, dearth of molecular biomarkers, incomplete microvascular reperfusion or no-reflow, post-recanalization hyperperfusion, blood pressure management and procedural anesthetic effects. The current state of the field is broadly reviewed per topic, with the aim to introduce a broad audience (scientist and clinician alike) to recent successes in translational stroke research and pending scientific queries that are tractable for preclinical assessment. Opportunities for co-operation between clinical and experimental stroke experts are highlighted to increase the size and frequency of strides the field makes to improve our understanding of this disease and ways of treating it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bart Franx
- Translational Neuroimaging Group, Center for Image Sciences, University Medical Center Utrecht and Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Rick M Dijkhuizen
- Translational Neuroimaging Group, Center for Image Sciences, University Medical Center Utrecht and Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Diederik W J Dippel
- Stroke Center, Dept of Neurology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
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13
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Dutta S, Singhal AK, Suryan V, Chandra NC. Obesity: An Impact with Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases. Indian J Clin Biochem 2024; 39:168-178. [PMID: 38577137 PMCID: PMC10987439 DOI: 10.1007/s12291-023-01157-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
The authors sought to correlate the complex sequel of obesity with various parameters known to develop metabolic syndrome viz. insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, hypertension etc., as these anomalies are linked to vascular atherosclerosis and outbreak of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. A comprehensive online survey using MEDLINE, Scopus, PubMed and Google Scholar was conducted for relevant journals from 1970 till present time (2023) with key search terms like: 'obesity', 'leptin', type-2 diabetes', 'atherosclerosis', 'cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases'. The findings of the reports were compared and correlated. The information was then collated for developing this review. Reports showed that in human obesity, hyper-leptinemia could induce hyperglycemia, which in turn templates hypercholesterolemia. Persisting hypercholesterolemia over a period of time may en-route atherosclerosis in blood vessels. Thus obesity has been considered as a template for originating hyperglycemia, hypercholesterolemia and outbreak of vascular atherogenesis or in other words, obesity in long run can trigger atherosclerosis and its related disorders e.g. heart attack and stroke. Literature survey shows that primarily, co-morbidities of human obesity start with leptin and insulin resistance and then multiplies with metabolic irregularities to an extreme that results in pathogenesis of heart attack and stroke. Atherosclerosis associated cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events are independent risks of obese subjects and particularly in the cases of persisting obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Savi Dutta
- Department of Biochemistry, Shree Guru Gobind Singh Tricentenary University, Gurugram, Haryana 122505 India
| | - A. K. Singhal
- Department of Biochemistry, Shree Guru Gobind Singh Tricentenary University, Gurugram, Haryana 122505 India
- Present Address: Department of Biochemistry, Al Falah School of Medical Sciences & Research Centre, Faridabad, Haryana India
| | - Varsha Suryan
- Department of Biochemistry, Shree Guru Gobind Singh Tricentenary University, Gurugram, Haryana 122505 India
- Present Address: Department of Paramedical Science, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Shree Guru Gobind Singh Tricentenary University, Gurugram, Haryana 122505 India
| | - Nimai Chand Chandra
- Department of Biochemistry, Shree Guru Gobind Singh Tricentenary University, Gurugram, Haryana 122505 India
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14
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Huang K, Yao W, Zha M, Qin S, Li Y, Xu Y, Liu R, Ye R, Han Y, Zhu W, Teng Z, Du J, Liu X. Angiography-based hemodynamic features predict recurrent ischemic events after angioplasty and stenting of intracranial vertebrobasilar atherosclerotic stenosis. Eur Radiol 2024; 34:2352-2363. [PMID: 37723287 PMCID: PMC10957605 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-023-10209-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess the predictive value of hemodynamic features for stroke relapse in patients with intracranial vertebrobasilar atherosclerotic stenosis treated with percutaneous transluminal angioplasty and stenting (PTAS) using quantitative digital subtraction angiography (q-DSA). METHODS In this retrospective longitudinal study, patients with intracranial vertebrobasilar atherosclerotic stenosis and who underwent PTAS treatment between January 2012 and May 2020 were enrolled. The q-DSA assessment was performed before and after PTAS. ROIs 1-4 were placed along the vertebral artery, proximal and distal basilar artery, and posterior cerebral artery; ROIs 5-8 were in 5 mm and 10 mm proximal and distal to the lesion, respectively. Relative time to peak (rTTP) was defined as the difference in TTP between ROIs. Cox regression analyses were performed to determine risk factors for recurrent stroke. RESULTS A total of 137 patients (mean age, 62 years ± 10 [standard deviation], 83.2% males) were included, and 26 (19.0%) patients had stroke relapse during follow-up (median time of 42.6 months [interquartile range, 19.7-60.7]). Preprocedural rTTP4-1 (adjusted hazard ratio (HR) = 2.270; 95% CI 1.371-3.758; p = 0.001) and preprocedural rTTP8-5 (adjusted HR = 0.240; 95% CI 0.088-0.658; p = 0.006) were independently associated with the recurrent stroke. These hemodynamic parameters provided an incremental prognostic value for stroke relapse (AUC, 0.817 [0.704-0.931]; the net reclassification index, 0.431 [0.057-0.625]; and the integrated discrimination index, 0.140 [0.035-0.292]). CONCLUSIONS In patients with intracranial vertebrobasilar atherosclerosis treated with PTAS, preprocedural prolonged TTP of the target vessel and shortened trans-stenotic TTP difference were associated with stroke relapse. Q-DSA-defined hemodynamic parameters provided incremental predictive value over conventional parameters for stroke recurrence. CLINICAL RELEVANCE STATEMENT Quantitative DSA analysis enables intuitive observation and semi-quantitative evaluation of peri-therapeutic cerebral blood flow. More importantly, quantitative DSA-defined hemodynamic parameters have the potential for risk stratification of patients with intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis. KEY POINTS Semi-quantitative angiography-based parameters can reflect pre- and postprocedural subtle changes in blood flow in patients with intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis. Although angioplasty procedures can significantly improve blood flow status, patients with more restricted baseline blood flow still show a higher risk of stroke recurrence. Angiography-based hemodynamic features possess prognostic value and can serve as clinical markers to assess stroke risk of patients with intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kangmo Huang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Weihe Yao
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Mingming Zha
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shanmei Qin
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yingle Li
- Department of Neurology, Jinling Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yan Xu
- Neusoft Medical Systems Co., Ltd., Shenyang, China
| | - Rui Liu
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ruidong Ye
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yunfei Han
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wusheng Zhu
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhongzhao Teng
- Department of Radiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Juan Du
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Xinfeng Liu
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
- Department of Neurology, Jinling Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Nanjing, China.
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15
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Zhao E, Barber J, Mathew-Steiner SS, Khanna S, Sen CK, Arciero J. Modeling cerebrovascular responses to assess the impact of the collateral circulation following middle cerebral artery occlusion. Microcirculation 2024; 31:e12849. [PMID: 38354046 PMCID: PMC11014771 DOI: 10.1111/micc.12849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE An improved understanding of the role of the leptomeningeal collateral circulation in blood flow compensation following middle cerebral artery (MCA) occlusion can contribute to more effective treatment development for ischemic stroke. The present study introduces a model of the cerebral circulation to predict cerebral blood flow and tissue oxygenation following MCA occlusion. METHODS The model incorporates flow regulation mechanisms based on changes in pressure, shear stress, and metabolic demand. Oxygen saturation in cerebral vessels and tissue is calculated using a Krogh cylinder model. The model is used to assess the effects of changes in oxygen demand and arterial pressure on cerebral blood flow and oxygenation after MCA occlusion. RESULTS An increase from five to 11 leptomeningeal collateral vessels was shown to increase the oxygen saturation in the region distal to the occlusion by nearly 100%. Post-occlusion, the model also predicted a loss of autoregulation and a decrease in flow to the ischemic territory as oxygen demand was increased; these results were consistent with data from experiments that induced cerebral ischemia. CONCLUSIONS This study highlights the importance of leptomeningeal collaterals following MCA occlusion and reinforces the idea that lower oxygen demand and higher arterial pressure improve conditions of flow and oxygenation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin Zhao
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, 402 N. Blackford Street, LD 270, Indianapolis, IN 46202
| | - Jared Barber
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, 402 N. Blackford Street, LD 270, Indianapolis, IN 46202
| | - Shomita S. Mathew-Steiner
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 450 Technology Drive, Suite 300, Pittsburgh, PA 15219
| | - Savita Khanna
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 450 Technology Drive, Suite 300, Pittsburgh, PA 15219
| | - Chandan K. Sen
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 450 Technology Drive, Suite 300, Pittsburgh, PA 15219
| | - Julia Arciero
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, 402 N. Blackford Street, LD 270, Indianapolis, IN 46202
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16
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Díaz-Pérez A, Pérez B, Manich G, García-Aranda J, Navarro X, Penas C, Jiménez-Altayó F. Histone deacetylase inhibition by suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid during reperfusion promotes multifaceted brain and vascular protection in spontaneously hypertensive rats with transient ischaemic stroke. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 172:116287. [PMID: 38382328 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Hypertension is the most prevalent modifiable risk factor for stroke and is associated with worse functional outcomes. Pharmacological inhibition of histone deacetylases by suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA) modulates gene expression and has emerged as a promising therapeutic approach to reduce ischaemic brain injury. Here, we have tested the therapeutic potential of SAHA administered during reperfusion in adult male spontaneously hypertensive (SHR) rats subjected to transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO; 90 min occlusion/24 h reperfusion). Animals received a single dose of SAHA (50 mg/kg) or vehicle i.p. at 1, 4, or 6 h after reperfusion onset. The time-course of brain histone H3 acetylation was studied. After tMCAO, drug brain penetrance and beneficial effects on behavioural outcomes, infarct volume, oedema, angiogenesis, blood-brain barrier integrity, cerebral artery oxidative stress and remodelling, and brain and vascular inflammation were evaluated. SAHA increased brain histone H3 acetylation from 1 to 6 h after injection, reaching the ischaemic brain administered during reperfusion. Treatment given at 4 h after reperfusion onset improved neurological score, reduced infarct volume and oedema, attenuated microglial activation, prevented exacerbated MCA angiogenic sprouting and blood-brain barrier breakdown, normalised MCA oxidative stress and remodelling, and modulated brain and cerebrovascular cytokine expression. Overall, we demonstrate that SAHA administered during early reperfusion exerts robust brain and vascular protection after tMCAO in hypertensive rats. These findings are aligned with previous research in ischaemic normotensive mice and help pave the way to optimise the design of clinical trials assessing the effectiveness and safety of SAHA in ischaemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Díaz-Pérez
- Department of Pharmacology, Therapeutic and Toxicology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain; Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain; Institute of Neurosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Belén Pérez
- Department of Pharmacology, Therapeutic and Toxicology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain; Institute of Neurosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - Gemma Manich
- Institute of Neurosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain; Human Anatomy and Embriology Unit, Department of Morphological Sciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - Julián García-Aranda
- Department of Pharmacology, Therapeutic and Toxicology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain; Institute of Neurosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - Xavier Navarro
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain; Institute of Neurosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Red Española de Terapias Avanzadas (RED-TERAV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Clara Penas
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain; Institute of Neurosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Red Española de Terapias Avanzadas (RED-TERAV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Francesc Jiménez-Altayó
- Department of Pharmacology, Therapeutic and Toxicology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain; Institute of Neurosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
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17
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Hu S, Cai J, Chen S, Wang Y, Ren L. Identification of novel biomarkers and immune infiltration characteristics of ischemic stroke based on comprehensive bioinformatic analysis and machine learning. Biochem Biophys Rep 2024; 37:101595. [PMID: 38371524 PMCID: PMC10873872 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2023.101595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Ischemic stroke (IS) is one of most common causes of disability in adults worldwide. However, there is still a lack of effective and reliable diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets in IS. Furthermore, immune cell dysfunction plays an important role in the pathogenesis of IS. Hence, in-depth research on immune-related targets in progressive IS is urgently needed. Methods Expression profile data from patients with IS were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Then, differential expression analysis and weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA) were performed to identify the significant modules and differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Key genes were obtained and used in functional enrichment analyses by overlapping module genes and DEGs. Next, hub candidate genes were identified by utilizing three machine learning algorithms: least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO), random forest, and support vector machine-recursive feature elimination (SVM-RFE). Subsequently, a diagnostic model was constructed based on the hub genes, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were constructed to validate the performances of the predictive models and candidate genes. Finally, the immune cell infiltration landscape of IS was explored with the CIBERSORT deconvolution algorithm. Results A total of 40 key DEGs were identified based on the intersection of the DEGs and module genes, and we found that these genes were mainly enriched in the regulation of lipolysis in adipocytes, neutrophil extracellular trap formation and complement and coagulation cascades. Based on the results from three advanced machine learning algorithms, we obtained 7 hub candidate genes (ABCA1, ARG1, C5AR1, CKAP4, HMFN0839, SDCBP and TLN1) as diagnostic biomarkers of IS and developed a reliable nomogram with high predictive performance (AUC = 0.987). In addition, immune cell infiltration dysregulation was implicated in IS, and compared with those in the normal group, IS patients had increased fractions of gamma delta T cells, monocytes, M0 macrophages, M2 macrophages and neutrophils and clearly lower percentages of naive B cells, CD8 T cells, CD4+ memory T cells, follicular helper T cells, regulatory T cells (Tregs) and resting dendritic cells. Furthermore, correlation analysis indicated a significant correlation between the hub genes and immune cells in progressive IS. Conclusion In conclusion, our study identified 7 hub genes as diagnostic biomarkers and established a reliable model to predict the occurrence of IS. Meanwhile, we explored the immune cell infiltration pattern and investigated the relationship between candidate genes and immune cells in the pathogenesis of IS. Hence, our study provides new insights into the diagnosis and treatment of IS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyu Hu
- Neurology Department of Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jingjing Cai
- Neurology Department of Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Sizhan Chen
- Neurology Department of Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
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18
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Han F. N6-methyladenosine modification in ischemic stroke: Functions, regulation, and therapeutic potential. Heliyon 2024; 10:e25192. [PMID: 38317953 PMCID: PMC10840115 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e25192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification is the most frequently occurring internal modification in eukaryotic RNAs. By modulating various aspects of the RNA life cycle, it has been implicated in a wide range of pathological and physiological processes associated with human diseases. Ischemic stroke is a major cause of death and disability worldwide with few treatment options and a narrow therapeutic window, and accumulating evidence has indicated the involvement of m6A modifications in the development and progression of this type of stroke. In this review, which provides insights for the prevention and clinical treatment of stroke, we present an overview of the roles played by m6A modification in ischemic stroke from three main perspectives: (1) the association of m6A modification with established risk factors for stroke, including hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, obesity, and heart disease; (2) the roles of m6A modification regulators and their functional regulation in the pathophysiological injury mechanisms of stroke, namely oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, endothelial dysfunction, neuroinflammation, and cell death processes; and (3) the diagnostic and therapeutic potential of m6A regulators in the treatment of stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Han
- Department of Neurology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China
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19
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Slayden A, Mysiewicz S, North K, Dopico A, Bukiya A. Cerebrovascular Effects of Alcohol Combined with Tetrahydrocannabinol. Cannabis Cannabinoid Res 2024; 9:252-266. [PMID: 36108317 PMCID: PMC10874832 DOI: 10.1089/can.2021.0234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Alcohol (ethanol) and cannabis are among the most widely used recreational drugs in the world. With increased efforts toward legalization of cannabis, there is an alarming trend toward the concomitant (including simultaneous) use of cannabis products with alcohol for recreational purpose. While each drug possesses a distinct effect on cerebral circulation, the consequences of their simultaneous use on cerebral artery diameter have never been studied. Thus, we set to address the effect of simultaneous application of alcohol and (-)-trans-Δ-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) on cerebral artery diameter. Materials and Methods: We used Sprague-Dawley rats because rat cerebral circulation closely mimics morphology, ultrastructure, and function of cerebral circulation of humans. We focused on the middle cerebral artery (MCA) because it supplies blood to the largest brain territory when compared to any other cerebral artery stemming from the circle of Willis. Experiments were performed on pressurized MCA ex vivo, and in cranial windows in vivo. Ethanol and THC were probed at physiologically relevant concentrations. Researchers were "blind" to experimental group identity during data analysis to avoid bias. Results: In males, ethanol mixed with THC resulted in greater constriction of ex vivo pressurized MCA when compared to the effects exerted by separate application of each drug. In females, THC, ethanol, or their mixture failed to elicit measurable effect. Vasoconstriction by ethanol/THC mixture was ablated by either endothelium removal or pharmacological block of calcium- and voltage-gated potassium channels of large conductance (BK type) and cannabinoid receptors. Block of prostaglandin production and of endothelin receptors also blunted constriction by ethanol/THC. In males, the in vivo constriction of MCA by ethanol/THC did not differ from ethanol alone. In females, the in vivo constriction of this artery by ethanol was significantly smaller than in males. However, artery constriction by ethanol/THC did not differ from the constriction in males. Conclusions: Our data point at the complex nature of the cerebrovascular effects elicited by simultaneous use of ethanol and THC. These effects include both local and systemic components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandria Slayden
- Department of Pharmacology, Addiction Science and Toxicology, College of Medicine, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Steven Mysiewicz
- Department of Pharmacology, Addiction Science and Toxicology, College of Medicine, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Kelsey North
- Department of Pharmacology, Addiction Science and Toxicology, College of Medicine, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Alex Dopico
- Department of Pharmacology, Addiction Science and Toxicology, College of Medicine, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Anna Bukiya
- Department of Pharmacology, Addiction Science and Toxicology, College of Medicine, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
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20
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Guo W, Wang X, Chen Y, Wang F, Qiu J, Lu W. Effect of Menopause Status on Brain Perfusion Hemodynamics. Stroke 2024; 55:260-268. [PMID: 37850361 DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.123.044841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The menopause transition is associated with an increasing risk of cerebrovascular disorders. However, the direct effect of menopause status on brain perfusion hemodynamics remains unclear. This study aimed to explore the influence of menopause status on cerebral blood flow (CBF) using arterial spin labeling magnetic resonance imaging. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, 185 subjects underwent arterial spin labeling magnetic resonance imaging at a hospital in China between September 2020 and December 2022, including 38 premenopausal women (mean age, 47.74±2.02 years), 42 perimenopausal women (mean age, 50.62±3.15 years), 42 postmenopausal women (mean age, 54.02±4.09 years), and 63 men (mean age, 52.70±4.33 years) of a similar age range. Mean CBF values in the whole brain, gray matter, white matter, cortical gray matter, subcortical gray matter, juxtacortical white matter, deep white matter, and periventricular white matter were extracted. ANCOVA was used to compare mean CBF among the 4 groups, controlling for confounding factors. Student t test was applied to compare mean CBF between the 3 female groups and age-matched males, respectively. Multivariable regression analysis was used to analysis the effect of age, sex, and menopause status on the CBF of the whole brain, gray matter, white matter, and subregions. RESULTS Perimenopausal and postmenopausal women showed a higher proportion of white matter hyperintensities compared with the other 2 groups (P<0.001). Premenopausal women exhibited higher CBF in the whole brain, gray matter, white matter, and subregions, compared with perimenopausal, postmenopausal women and men (P≤0.001). Multivariable regression analysis demonstrated significant effect of age and insignificant effect of sex on CBF for all participants. In addition, menopause status and the interaction between age and menopause status on CBF of whole brain, gray matter, white matter, and the subregions were observed in female participants, except for the deep and periventricular white matter regions, with premenopausal women exhibited a slight increase in CBF with age, while perimenopausal and postmenopausal women exhibited declines in CBF with age. CONCLUSIONS The current findings suggest that alterations of brain perfusion hemodynamics begin during the perimenopause period, which may be due to the increased burden of white matter hyperintensities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Guo
- Department of Radiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Taian, China (W.G., Y.C., F.W., W.L.)
| | - Xiuzhu Wang
- Department of Obstetrics, Taian City Central Hospital, China (X.W.)
| | - Yinzhong Chen
- Department of Radiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Taian, China (W.G., Y.C., F.W., W.L.)
| | - Feng Wang
- Department of Radiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Taian, China (W.G., Y.C., F.W., W.L.)
| | - Jianfeng Qiu
- Department of Radiology, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, China (J.Q.)
| | - Weizhao Lu
- Department of Radiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Taian, China (W.G., Y.C., F.W., W.L.)
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21
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Guo J, Tian M, Li Y, Guo Y, Zhang T, Liu X, Shen J, Zhang L, Yu Y, Cao L, Gu H, Li Y, Duan S, Wang Q. Exploring clinical indicator variations in stroke patients with multiple risk factors: focus on hypertension and inflammatory reactions. Eur J Med Res 2024; 29:81. [PMID: 38287458 PMCID: PMC10823715 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-024-01653-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stroke stands as the second leading cause of death worldwide. Currently, extensive research has been conducted on stroke risk factors. However, when stroke patients contend with multiple risk factors, the impact on clinical indicators remains uncertain. OBJECTIVES This study seeks to investigate potential significant variations among distinct ranges of clinical indicators in instances where stroke patients experience multiple risk factors and various ischemic stroke subtypes. MATERIAL AND METHODS The research encompassed 440 stroke patients admitted to the First People's Hospital of Wenling City, Zhejiang Province, China. These patients were classified based on the type and quantity of risk factors and subtypes of ischemic stroke they presented. The χ2 test was employed to assess the relationship between the risk of comorbid diseases and clinical indicators in stroke patients. RESULTS The results of our study have underscored a significant correlation between various comorbid risk factors in stroke patients and the patients' age (P < 0.010). Furthermore, we observed noteworthy disparities in the plasma levels of IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α, and INF-γ between patients devoid of risk factors and those presenting with comorbid risk factors associated with stroke. Significant differences in INF-γ were observed between the two subtypes of ischemic stroke, namely lacunar infarction and cardioembolic stroke. CONCLUSION Age is correlated with an elevated risk of stroke. Individuals exhibiting multiple stroke risk factors and diverse ischemic stroke subtypes commonly present with abnormal lipid levels and imbalances in Th1/Th2 cytokines. These factors significantly contribute to the onset and progression of stroke. Furthermore, inflammatory responses, particularly those induced by atherosclerosis, play a pivotal role in the genesis of stroke and exert a substantial influence on its prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiejie Guo
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, NBU Health Science Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Wenling Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenling, 317500, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Wenling Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenling, 317500, Zhejiang, China
| | - Mei Tian
- College of Pharmacy, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Novel Targets and Drug Study for Neural Repair of Zhejiang Province, School of Medicine, Hangzhou City University, Hangzhou, 310015, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yongang Li
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Wenling Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenling, 317500, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yitong Guo
- Key Laboratory of Novel Targets and Drug Study for Neural Repair of Zhejiang Province, School of Medicine, Hangzhou City University, Hangzhou, 310015, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Wenling Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenling, 317500, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xuan Liu
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Wenling Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenling, 317500, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jinze Shen
- Key Laboratory of Novel Targets and Drug Study for Neural Repair of Zhejiang Province, School of Medicine, Hangzhou City University, Hangzhou, 310015, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Wenling Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenling, 317500, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yueqi Yu
- Key Laboratory of Novel Targets and Drug Study for Neural Repair of Zhejiang Province, School of Medicine, Hangzhou City University, Hangzhou, 310015, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ling Cao
- Ningbo Rehabilitation Hospital, Ningbo, 315040, China
| | - Haiyan Gu
- Ningbo Rehabilitation Hospital, Ningbo, 315040, China
| | - Yanfang Li
- Ningbo Rehabilitation Hospital, Ningbo, 315040, China
| | - Shiwei Duan
- Key Laboratory of Novel Targets and Drug Study for Neural Repair of Zhejiang Province, School of Medicine, Hangzhou City University, Hangzhou, 310015, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Qinwen Wang
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, NBU Health Science Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, Zhejiang, China.
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22
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Binda DD, Baker MB, Varghese S, Wang J, Badenes R, Bilotta F, Nozari A. Targeted Temperature Management for Patients with Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Literature Review. J Clin Med 2024; 13:586. [PMID: 38276093 PMCID: PMC10816923 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13020586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite significant advances in medical imaging, thrombolytic therapy, and mechanical thrombectomy, acute ischemic strokes (AIS) remain a major cause of mortality and morbidity globally. Targeted temperature management (TTM) has emerged as a potential therapeutic intervention, aiming to mitigate neuronal damage and improve outcomes. This literature review examines the efficacy and challenges of TTM in the context of an AIS. A comprehensive literature search was conducted using databases such as PubMed, Cochrane, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. Studies were selected based on relevance and quality. We identified key factors influencing the effectiveness of TTM such as its timing, depth and duration, and method of application. The review also highlighted challenges associated with TTM, including increased pneumonia rates. The target temperature range was typically between 32 and 36 °C, with the duration of cooling from 24 to 72 h. Early initiation of TTM was associated with better outcomes, with optimal results observed when TTM was started within the first 6 h post-stroke. Emerging evidence indicates that TTM shows considerable potential as an adjunctive treatment for AIS when implemented promptly and with precision, thereby potentially mitigating neuronal damage and enhancing overall patient outcomes. However, its application is complex and requires the careful consideration of various factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhanesh D. Binda
- Department of Anesthesiology, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA; (D.D.B.); (M.B.B.); (S.V.); (J.W.); (A.N.)
| | - Maxwell B. Baker
- Department of Anesthesiology, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA; (D.D.B.); (M.B.B.); (S.V.); (J.W.); (A.N.)
| | - Shama Varghese
- Department of Anesthesiology, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA; (D.D.B.); (M.B.B.); (S.V.); (J.W.); (A.N.)
| | - Jennifer Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA; (D.D.B.); (M.B.B.); (S.V.); (J.W.); (A.N.)
| | - Rafael Badenes
- Department Anesthesiology, Surgical-Trauma Intensive Care and Pain Clinic, Hospital Clínic Universitari, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Federico Bilotta
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Policlinico Umberto I Teaching Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy;
| | - Ala Nozari
- Department of Anesthesiology, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA; (D.D.B.); (M.B.B.); (S.V.); (J.W.); (A.N.)
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23
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Leitner MA, Hubert GJ, Paternoster L, Leitner MI, Rémi JM, Trumm C, Haberl RL, Hubert ND. Clinical outcome of rural in-hospital-stroke patients after interhospital transfer for endovascular therapy within a telemedical stroke network in Germany: a registry-based observational study. BMJ Open 2024; 14:e071975. [PMID: 38238050 PMCID: PMC10806718 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-071975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Little is known about in-hospital-stroke (IHS) patients with large vessel occlusion and subsequent transfer to referral centres for endovascular therapy (EVT). However, this subgroup is highly relevant given the substantial amount of IHS, the ongoing trend towards greater use of EVT and lack of EVT possibilities in rural hospitals. The study objective is to explore the clinical outcomes of this vulnerable patient group, given that both IHS and interhospital transfer are associated with worse clinical outcomes due to a higher proportion of pre-existing conditions and substantial time delays during transfer. DESIGN AND SETTING Prospectively collected data of patients receiving EVT after interhospital transfer from 14 rural hospitals of the Telemedical Stroke Network in Southeast Bavaria (TEMPiS) between February 2018 and July 2020 was analysed. PARTICIPANTS 49 IHS and 274 out-of-hospital-stroke (OHS) patients were included. OUTCOME MEASURES Baseline characteristics, treatment times and outcomes were compared between IHS and OHS. The primary endpoint was a 3-month modified Rankin Scale (mRS). RESULTS In IHS patients, atrial fibrillation (55.3% vs 35.9%, p=0.012), diabetes (36.2% vs 21.1%, p=0.024) and use of oral anticoagulants (44.7% vs 20.8%, p<0.001) were more frequent. Stroke severity was similar in both groups. Treatment times from symptom onset to first brain imaging, therapy decision or EVT were shorter for IHS patients. IHS patients displayed worse clinical outcomes: 59.2% of IHS patients died within 3 months compared with 28.5% of OHS patients (p<0.001). They were less likely to achieve moderate outcomes (mRS 0-3) 3 months after stroke (20.4% vs 39.8%, p=0.010). After controlling for possible confounding variables, IHS was associated with worse clinical outcomes (adjusted OR 3.04 (95% CI 1.57 to 6.04), p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS The mortality of IHS patients after interhospital transfer and EVT was high and functional outcomes were worse compared with those of OHS patients. Further research is needed to ascertain whether IHS patients benefit from this therapeutic approach. A more careful selection of IHS patients for transfer and means to enable faster treatment should be considered. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT04270513; Post-results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Antonia Leitner
- Department of Medicine, Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich, Germany
- Department of Neurology, TEMPiS Telemedical Stroke Center, München Klinik Harlaching, Academic Teaching Hospital of the Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich, Germany
| | - Gordian Jan Hubert
- Department of Neurology, TEMPiS Telemedical Stroke Center, München Klinik Harlaching, Academic Teaching Hospital of the Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich, Germany
| | - Laura Paternoster
- Department of Neurology, TEMPiS Telemedical Stroke Center, München Klinik Harlaching, Academic Teaching Hospital of the Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich, Germany
| | - Moritz Immanuel Leitner
- Department of Neurology, TEMPiS Telemedical Stroke Center, München Klinik Harlaching, Academic Teaching Hospital of the Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich, Germany
| | - Jan Martin Rémi
- Department of Neurology, LMU University Hospital, Munich, Germany
| | - Christoph Trumm
- Institute of Neuroradiology, LMU University Hospital, Munich, Germany
| | - Roman Ludwig Haberl
- Department of Neurology, TEMPiS Telemedical Stroke Center, München Klinik Harlaching, Academic Teaching Hospital of the Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich, Germany
| | - Nikolai Dominik Hubert
- Department of Neurology, TEMPiS Telemedical Stroke Center, München Klinik Harlaching, Academic Teaching Hospital of the Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich, Germany
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24
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Zingaro A, Ahmad Z, Kholmovski E, Sakata K, Dede’ L, Morris AK, Quarteroni A, Trayanova NA. A comprehensive stroke risk assessment by combining atrial computational fluid dynamics simulations and functional patient data. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.01.11.575156. [PMID: 38293150 PMCID: PMC10827064 DOI: 10.1101/2024.01.11.575156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Stroke, a major global health concern often rooted in cardiac dynamics, demands precise risk evaluation for targeted intervention. Current risk models, like the CHA2DS2-VASc score, often lack the granularity required for personalized predictions. In this study, we present a nuanced and thorough stroke risk assessment by integrating functional insights from cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) with patient-specific computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations. Our cohort, evenly split between control and stroke groups, comprises eight patients. Utilizing CINE CMR, we compute kinematic features, revealing smaller left atrial volumes for stroke patients. The incorporation of patient-specific atrial displacement into our hemodynamic simulations unveils the influence of atrial compliance on the flow fields, emphasizing the importance of LA motion in CFD simulations and challenging the conventional rigid wall assumption in hemodynamics models. Standardizing hemodynamic features with functional metrics enhances the differentiation between stroke and control cases. While standalone assessments provide limited clarity, the synergistic fusion of CMR-derived functional data and patient-informed CFD simulations offers a personalized and mechanistic understanding, distinctly segregating stroke from control cases. Specifically, our investigation reveals a crucial clinical insight: normalizing hemodynamic features based on ejection fraction fails to differentiate between stroke and control patients. Differently, when normalized with stroke volume, a clear and clinically significant distinction emerges and this holds true for both the left atrium and its appendage, providing valuable implications for precise stroke risk assessment in clinical settings. This work introduces a novel framework for seamlessly integrating hemodynamic and functional metrics, laying the groundwork for improved predictive models, and highlighting the significance of motion-informed, personalized risk assessments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Zingaro
- ADVANCE, Alliance for Cardiovascular Diagnostic and Treatment Innovation, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N. Charles St., 21218, Baltimore, MD, USA
- MOX, Laboratory of Modeling and Scientific Computing, Dipartimento di Matematica, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133, Milano, Italy
- ELEM Biotech S.L., Pier07, Via Laietana, 26, 08003, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Zan Ahmad
- ADVANCE, Alliance for Cardiovascular Diagnostic and Treatment Innovation, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N. Charles St., 21218, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics, Johns Hopkins University, 100 Wyman Park Dr, 21211, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Eugene Kholmovski
- ADVANCE, Alliance for Cardiovascular Diagnostic and Treatment Innovation, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N. Charles St., 21218, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Radiology, University of Utah, 30 N Mario Capecchi Dr., 84112, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Kensuke Sakata
- ADVANCE, Alliance for Cardiovascular Diagnostic and Treatment Innovation, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N. Charles St., 21218, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Luca Dede’
- MOX, Laboratory of Modeling and Scientific Computing, Dipartimento di Matematica, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Alan K. Morris
- Scientific Computing and Imaging Institute, University of Utah, 72 Central Campus Dr., 84112, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Alfio Quarteroni
- MOX, Laboratory of Modeling and Scientific Computing, Dipartimento di Matematica, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133, Milano, Italy
- Institute of Mathematics, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Station 8, Av. Piccard, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland (Professor Emeritus)
| | - Natalia A. Trayanova
- ADVANCE, Alliance for Cardiovascular Diagnostic and Treatment Innovation, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N. Charles St., 21218, Baltimore, MD, USA
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25
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Dammavalam V, Lin S, Nessa S, Daksla N, Stefanowski K, Costa A, Bergese S. Neuroprotection during Thrombectomy for Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Review of Future Therapies. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:891. [PMID: 38255965 PMCID: PMC10815099 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25020891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Stroke is a major cause of death and disability worldwide. Endovascular thrombectomy has been impactful in decreasing mortality. However, many clinical results continue to show suboptimal functional outcomes despite high recanalization rates. This gap in recanalization and symptomatic improvement suggests a need for adjunctive therapies in post-thrombectomy care. With greater insight into ischemia-reperfusion injury, recent preclinical testing of neuroprotective agents has shifted towards preventing oxidative stress through upregulation of antioxidants and downstream effectors, with positive results. Advances in multiple neuroprotective therapies, including uric acid, activated protein C, nerinetide, otaplimastat, imatinib, verapamil, butylphthalide, edaravone, nelonemdaz, ApTOLL, regional hypothermia, remote ischemic conditioning, normobaric oxygen, and especially nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2, have promising evidence for improving stroke care. Sedation and blood pressure management in endovascular thrombectomy also play crucial roles in improved stroke outcomes. A hand-in-hand approach with both endovascular therapy and neuroprotection may be the key to targeting disability due to stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikalpa Dammavalam
- Department of Neurology, Stony Brook University Hospital, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA; (V.D.); (K.S.)
| | - Sandra Lin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Stony Brook University Hospital, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA; (S.L.); (N.D.); (A.C.)
| | - Sayedatun Nessa
- Department of Neurology, Stony Brook University Hospital, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA; (V.D.); (K.S.)
| | - Neil Daksla
- Department of Anesthesiology, Stony Brook University Hospital, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA; (S.L.); (N.D.); (A.C.)
| | - Kamil Stefanowski
- Department of Neurology, Stony Brook University Hospital, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA; (V.D.); (K.S.)
| | - Ana Costa
- Department of Anesthesiology, Stony Brook University Hospital, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA; (S.L.); (N.D.); (A.C.)
| | - Sergio Bergese
- Department of Anesthesiology, Stony Brook University Hospital, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA; (S.L.); (N.D.); (A.C.)
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26
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Zeng J, Zhang R, Zhao T, Wang H, Han L, Pu L, Jiang Y, Xu S, Ren H, Wang C. Plasma lipidomic profiling reveals six candidate biomarkers for the prediction of incident stroke in patients with hypertension. Metabolomics 2024; 20:13. [PMID: 38180633 DOI: 10.1007/s11306-023-02081-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The burden of stroke in patients with hypertension is very high, and its prediction is critical. OBJECTIVES We aimed to use plasma lipidomics profiling to identify lipid biomarkers for predicting incident stroke in patients with hypertension. METHODS This was a nested case-control study. Baseline plasma samples were collected from 30 hypertensive patients with newly developed stroke, 30 matched patients with hypertension, 30 matched patients at high risk of stroke, and 30 matched healthy controls. Lipidomics analysis was performed by ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, and differential lipid metabolites were screened using multivariate and univariate statistical methods. Machine learning methods (least absolute shrinkage and selection operator, random forest) were used to identify candidate biomarkers for predicting stroke in patients with hypertension. RESULTS Co-expression network analysis revealed that the key molecular alterations of the lipid network in stroke implicate glycerophospholipid metabolism and choline metabolism. Six lipid metabolites were identified as candidate biomarkers by multivariate statistical and machine learning methods, namely phosphatidyl choline(40:3p)(rep), cholesteryl ester(20:5), monoglyceride(29:5), triglyceride(18:0p/18:1/18:1), triglyceride(18:1/18:2/21:0) and coenzyme(q9). The combination of these six lipid biomarkers exhibited good diagnostic and predictive ability, as it could indicate a risk of stroke at an early stage in patients with hypertension (area under the curve = 0.870; 95% confidence interval: 0.783-0.957). CONCLUSIONS We determined lipidomic signatures associated with future stroke development and identified new lipid biomarkers for predicting stroke in patients with hypertension. The biomarkers have translational potential and thus may serve as blood-based biomarkers for predicting hypertensive stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Digestive System Tumors of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo No.2 Hospital, Ningbo, 315000, China
- Center for Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Epidemiology and Translational Medicine, Ningbo Institute of Life and Health Industry, Guoke Ningbo Life Science and Health Industry Research Institute, Ningbo, 315000, China
- Department of Cardiology, Ningbo No.2 Hospital, Ningbo, 315000, China
| | - Ruijie Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Digestive System Tumors of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo No.2 Hospital, Ningbo, 315000, China
- Center for Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Epidemiology and Translational Medicine, Ningbo Institute of Life and Health Industry, Guoke Ningbo Life Science and Health Industry Research Institute, Ningbo, 315000, China
| | - Tian Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Digestive System Tumors of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo No.2 Hospital, Ningbo, 315000, China
- Center for Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Epidemiology and Translational Medicine, Ningbo Institute of Life and Health Industry, Guoke Ningbo Life Science and Health Industry Research Institute, Ningbo, 315000, China
| | - Han Wang
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Digestive System Tumors of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo No.2 Hospital, Ningbo, 315000, China
- Center for Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Epidemiology and Translational Medicine, Ningbo Institute of Life and Health Industry, Guoke Ningbo Life Science and Health Industry Research Institute, Ningbo, 315000, China
| | - Liyuan Han
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Digestive System Tumors of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo No.2 Hospital, Ningbo, 315000, China
- Center for Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Epidemiology and Translational Medicine, Ningbo Institute of Life and Health Industry, Guoke Ningbo Life Science and Health Industry Research Institute, Ningbo, 315000, China
| | - Liyuan Pu
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Digestive System Tumors of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo No.2 Hospital, Ningbo, 315000, China
- Center for Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Epidemiology and Translational Medicine, Ningbo Institute of Life and Health Industry, Guoke Ningbo Life Science and Health Industry Research Institute, Ningbo, 315000, China
| | - Yannan Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Digestive System Tumors of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo No.2 Hospital, Ningbo, 315000, China
- Center for Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Epidemiology and Translational Medicine, Ningbo Institute of Life and Health Industry, Guoke Ningbo Life Science and Health Industry Research Institute, Ningbo, 315000, China
| | - Shan Xu
- Department of Non-Communicable Disease Prevention and Control, Shenzhen Nanshan Center for Chronic Disease Control, Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - Huiming Ren
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Ningbo No.2 Hospital, Ningbo, 315000, China.
| | - Changyi Wang
- Department of Non-Communicable Disease Prevention and Control, Shenzhen Nanshan Center for Chronic Disease Control, Shenzhen, 518000, China.
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Amador K, Gutierrez A, Winder A, Fiehler J, Wilms M, Forkert ND. Providing clinical context to the spatio-temporal analysis of 4D CT perfusion to predict acute ischemic stroke lesion outcomes. J Biomed Inform 2024; 149:104567. [PMID: 38096945 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbi.2023.104567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
Acute ischemic stroke is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Timely identification of the extent of a stroke is crucial for effective treatment, whereas spatio-temporal (4D) Computed Tomography Perfusion (CTP) imaging is playing a critical role in this process. Recently, the first deep learning-based methods that leverage the full spatio-temporal nature of perfusion imaging for predicting stroke lesion outcomes have been proposed. However, clinical information is typically not integrated into the learning process, which may be helpful to improve the tissue outcome prediction given the known influence of various factors (i.e., physiological, demographic, and treatment factors) on lesion growth. Cross-attention, a multimodal fusion strategy, has been successfully used to combine information from multiple sources, but it has yet to be applied to stroke lesion outcome prediction. Therefore, this work aimed to develop and evaluate a novel multimodal and spatio-temporal deep learning model that utilizes cross-attention to combine information from 4D CTP and clinical metadata simultaneously to predict stroke lesion outcomes. The proposed model was evaluated using a dataset of 70 acute ischemic stroke patients, demonstrating significantly improved volume estimates (mean error = 19 ml) compared to a baseline unimodal approach (mean error = 35 ml, p< 0.05). The proposed model allows generating attention maps and counterfactual outcome scenarios to investigate the relevance of clinical variables in predicting stroke lesion outcomes at a patient level, helping to provide a better understanding of the model's decision-making process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly Amador
- Biomedical Engineering Graduate Program, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada; Department of Radiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada; Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada; Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada.
| | - Alejandro Gutierrez
- Biomedical Engineering Graduate Program, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada; Department of Radiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada; Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada; Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Anthony Winder
- Department of Radiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada; Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Jens Fiehler
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Matthias Wilms
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada; Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada; Departments of Pediatrics and Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Nils D Forkert
- Department of Radiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada; Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada; Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada; Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
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Melake A, Alemu M, Brhanie N. Association between angiotensinogen M235T gene polymorphism and risk of ischemic stroke among the Ethiopian population: a case control study. BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/13102818.2023.2190414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Addisu Melake
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Health Science, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Institute of Biotechnology, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Marye Alemu
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Institute of Biotechnology, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Nega Brhanie
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Institute of Biotechnology, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
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Goodman GW, Do TH, Tan C, Ritzel RM. Drivers of Chronic Pathology Following Ischemic Stroke: A Descriptive Review. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2023; 44:7. [PMID: 38112809 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-023-01437-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Stroke is the third leading cause of death and long-term disability in the world. Considered largely a disease of aging, its global economic and healthcare burden is expected to rise as more people survive into advanced age. With recent advances in acute stroke management, including the expansion of time windows for treatment with intravenous thrombolysis and mechanical thrombectomy, we are likely to see an increase in survival rates. It is therefore critically important to understand the complete pathophysiology of ischemic stroke, both in the acute and subacute stages and during the chronic phase in the months and years following an ischemic event. One of the most clinically relevant aspects of the chronic sequelae of stroke is its extended negative effect on cognition. Cognitive impairment may be related to the deterioration and dysfunctional reorganization of white matter seen at later timepoints after stroke, as well as ongoing progressive neurodegeneration. The vasculature of the brain also undergoes significant insult and remodeling following stroke, undergoing changes which may further contribute to chronic stroke pathology. While inflammation and the immune response are well established drivers of acute stroke pathology, the chronicity and functional role of innate and adaptive immune responses in the post-ischemic brain and in the peripheral environment remain largely uncharacterized. In this review, we summarize the current literature on post-stroke injury progression, its chronic pathological features, and the putative secondary injury mechanisms underlying the development of cognitive impairment and dementia. We present findings from clinical and experimental studies and discuss the long-term effects of ischemic stroke on both brain anatomy and functional outcome. Identifying mechanisms that occur months to years after injury could lead to treatment strategies in the chronic phase of stroke to help mitigate stroke-associated cognitive decline in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grant W Goodman
- Department of Neurology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Trang H Do
- Department of Neurology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Chunfeng Tan
- Department of Neurology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Rodney M Ritzel
- Department of Neurology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA.
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Tang C, Ma Y, Lei X, Ding Y, Yang S, He D. Hypertension linked to Alzheimer's disease via stroke: Mendelian randomization. Sci Rep 2023; 13:21606. [PMID: 38062190 PMCID: PMC10703897 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-49087-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the relationship between hypertension and Alzheimer's disease (AD) and demonstrate the key role of stroke in this relationship using mediating Mendelian randomization. AD, a neurodegenerative disease characterized by memory loss, cognitive impairment, and behavioral abnormalities, severely affects the quality of life of patients. Hypertension is an important risk factor for AD. However, the precise mechanism underlying this relationship is unclear. To investigate the relationship between hypertension and AD, we used a mediated Mendelian randomization method and screened for mediating variables between hypertension and AD by setting instrumental variables. The results of the mediated analysis showed that stroke, as a mediating variable, plays an important role in the causal relationship between hypertension and AD. Specifically, the mediated indirect effect value for stroke obtained using multivariate mediated MR analysis was 54.9%. This implies that approximately 55% of the risk of AD owing to hypertension can be attributed to stroke. The results suggest that the increased risk of AD owing to hypertension is mediated through stroke. The finding not only sheds light on the relationship between hypertension and AD but also indicates novel methods for the prevention and treatment of AD. By identifying the critical role of stroke in the link between hypertension and AD, this study provides insights into potential interventions that could mitigate the impact of hypertension on AD. This could help develop personalized treatments and help improve the quality of life of patients with AD who suffer from hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Tang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, No. 28, Guiyi Street, Yunyan District, Guiyang, 550004, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Yayu Ma
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, No. 28, Guiyi Street, Yunyan District, Guiyang, 550004, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Xiaoyang Lei
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, No. 28, Guiyi Street, Yunyan District, Guiyang, 550004, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Yaqi Ding
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, No. 28, Guiyi Street, Yunyan District, Guiyang, 550004, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Sushuang Yang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, No. 28, Guiyi Street, Yunyan District, Guiyang, 550004, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Dian He
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, No. 28, Guiyi Street, Yunyan District, Guiyang, 550004, Guizhou Province, China.
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Movahed MR, Motieian M, Bates S. Overweight (BMI of 25-30) Is Independently Associated With Significantly Higher Prevalence of Systolic and Diastolic Hypertension in Adults. Crit Pathw Cardiol 2023; 22:146-148. [PMID: 37625189 DOI: 10.1097/hpc.0000000000000330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Hypertension (HTN) is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Obesity has been found to be associated with HTN. However, there are not many studies available to evaluate any association between overweight alone and HTN. METHODS A database from the Anthony Bates Foundation that performs preventive cardiovascular examinations including measurement of body mass index (BMI) and blood pressure across the United States was used for our study. Using recorded measurements, we evaluated any association between being overweight defined as a BMI of 25 to 30 and the occurrence of systolic and diastolic HTN in adults over the age of 18 years. RESULTS A total of 1558 participants with documented BMI and blood pressure over the age of 18 years were studied. Among them, 758 participants had a normal BMI, and 800 had a BMI in overweight category. The prevalence of systolic and diastolic HTN was significantly higher in participants in the overweight versus normal weight cohort. Systolic HTN was present in 36% of participants in the overweight versus 14% of the normal weight group ( P < 0.00.1). Diastolic HTN was present in 43% of participants with overweight versus 21% of normal weight cohort ( P < 0.001). After adjusting for age and gender, high systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) remained independently associated with overweight (SBP prevalence OR, 2.8; CI, 2.1-3.6; P < 0.001; DBP prevalence OR, 2.1; CI, 1.7-2.7; P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Our study found that increased BMI in the overweight category alone is independently associated with SBP and DBP in adults undergoing screening warranting further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Reza Movahed
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Phoenix, AZ
- Anthony Bates Foundation, Phoenix, AZ
| | - Mahsa Motieian
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Phoenix, AZ
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Huang L, Tang J, Tian G, Tao H, Li Z. Risk Factors, Outcomes, and Predictions of Extensively Drug-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii Nosocomial Infections in Patients with Nervous System Diseases. Infect Drug Resist 2023; 16:7327-7337. [PMID: 38023397 PMCID: PMC10676724 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s439241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Acinetobacter baumannii has evolved to become a major pathogen of nosocomial infections, resulting in increased morbidity and mortality. This study aimed to investigate the risk factors, outcomes, and predictions of extensively drug-resistant (XDR)-A. baumannii nosocomial infections in patients with nervous system diseases (NSDs). Methods A retrospective study of patients infected with XDR-A. baumannii admitted to the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University (Luzhou, China) from January 2021 to December 2022 was conducted. Three multivariate regression models were used to assess the risk factors and predictive value for specific diagnostic and prognostic subgroups. Results A total of 190 patients were included, of which 84 were diagnosed with NSDs and 80% of those were due to stroke. The overall rates of all-cause mortality for XDR-A. baumannii nosocomial infections and those in NSDs were 38.9% and 40.5%, respectively. Firstly, hypertension, indwelling gastric tube, tracheotomy, deep puncture, bladder irrigation, and pulmonary infections were independent risk factors for XDR-A. baumannii nosocomial infections in patients with NSDs. Moreover, pulmonary infections, the aspartate aminotransferase (AST) to alanine aminotransferase (ALT) ratio, and the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) were significantly associated with increased mortality rates in patients with nosocomial infections caused by XDR-A. baumannii. Thirdly, NLR and cardiovascular diseases accounted for a high risk of mortality for XDR-A. baumannii nosocomial infections in patients with NSDs. The area under the curves of results from each multivariate regression model were 0.827, 0.811, and 0.853, respectively. Conclusion This study reveals the risk factors of XDR-A. baumannii nosocomial infections in patients with NSDs, and proves their reliable predictive value. Early recognition of patients at high risk, sterilizing medical tools, and regular blood monitoring are all critical aspects for minimizing the nosocomial spread and mortality of A. baumannii infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Huang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Sichuan Province Engineering Technology Research Center of Molecular Diagnosis of Clinical Diseases, Luzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Molecular Diagnosis of Clinical Diseases Key Laboratory of Luzhou, Luzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jingyang Tang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Sichuan Province Engineering Technology Research Center of Molecular Diagnosis of Clinical Diseases, Luzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Molecular Diagnosis of Clinical Diseases Key Laboratory of Luzhou, Luzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Gang Tian
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Sichuan Province Engineering Technology Research Center of Molecular Diagnosis of Clinical Diseases, Luzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Molecular Diagnosis of Clinical Diseases Key Laboratory of Luzhou, Luzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hualin Tao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Sichuan Province Engineering Technology Research Center of Molecular Diagnosis of Clinical Diseases, Luzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Molecular Diagnosis of Clinical Diseases Key Laboratory of Luzhou, Luzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhaoyinqian Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Sichuan Province Engineering Technology Research Center of Molecular Diagnosis of Clinical Diseases, Luzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Molecular Diagnosis of Clinical Diseases Key Laboratory of Luzhou, Luzhou, People’s Republic of China
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Zhao T, Yan Q, Wang C, Zeng J, Zhang R, Wang H, Pu L, Dai X, Liu H, Han L. Identification of Serum Biomarkers of Ischemic Stroke in a Hypertensive Population Based on Metabolomics and Lipidomics. Neuroscience 2023; 533:22-35. [PMID: 37806545 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2023.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
Hypertensive individuals are at a high risk of stroke, and thus, prevention of stroke in hypertensive patients is essential. Metabolomics and lipidomics can be used to identify diagnostic biomarkers and conduct early assessments of stroke risk in hypertensive populations. In this study, serum samples were collected from 30 hypertensive ischemic stroke (IS), 30 matched hypertensive and 30 matched healthy participants. Metabolomics and lipidomics analyses were conducted via liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, and the data were analyzed using multivariate and univariate statistical methods. A random forest algorithm and binary logistic regression were used to screen the biomarkers and establish diagnostic model. We detected 21 differential metabolites and 38 differential lipids between the hypertensive IS and healthy group. Moreover, we found 18 differential metabolites and 31 differential lipids between the hypertensive IS and hypertension group. In particular, the following seven metabolites or lipids distinguished the hypertensive IS from the healthy group: 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvic acid, cafestol, phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) (18:0p/18:2), PE (16:0e/20:4), (O-acyI)-1-hydroxy fatty acid (36:3), PE (16:0p/20:3) and PE (18:1p/18:2) (rep). The following seven biomarkers distinguished the hypertensive IS from the hypertension group: diglyceride (DG) (20:1/18:2), PE (18:0p/18:2), PE (16:0e/22:5), phosphatidylcholine (40:7), dimethylphosphatidylethanolamine (50:3), DG (18:1/18:2), and 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvic acid. The aforementioned panels had good diagnostic and predictive ability for hypertensive IS. Our study determines the metabolomic and lipidomic profiles of hypertensive IS patients and thereby identifies potential biomarkers of the presence of IS in hypertensive populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Digestive System Tumors of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo No. 2 Hospital, Ningbo 315000, China; Center for Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Epidemiology and Translational Medicine, Guoke Ningbo Life Science and Health Industry Research Institute, Ningbo 315000, China.
| | - Qianqian Yan
- Center for Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Epidemiology and Translational Medicine, Guoke Ningbo Life Science and Health Industry Research Institute, Ningbo 315000, China.
| | - Changyi Wang
- Department of Non-Communicable Disease Prevention and Control, Shenzhen Nanshan Center for Chronic Disease Control, Shenzhen 518000, China.
| | - Jingjing Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Digestive System Tumors of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo No. 2 Hospital, Ningbo 315000, China; Center for Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Epidemiology and Translational Medicine, Guoke Ningbo Life Science and Health Industry Research Institute, Ningbo 315000, China.
| | - Ruijie Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Digestive System Tumors of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo No. 2 Hospital, Ningbo 315000, China; Center for Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Epidemiology and Translational Medicine, Guoke Ningbo Life Science and Health Industry Research Institute, Ningbo 315000, China.
| | - Han Wang
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Digestive System Tumors of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo No. 2 Hospital, Ningbo 315000, China; Center for Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Epidemiology and Translational Medicine, Guoke Ningbo Life Science and Health Industry Research Institute, Ningbo 315000, China.
| | - Liyuan Pu
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Digestive System Tumors of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo No. 2 Hospital, Ningbo 315000, China; Center for Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Epidemiology and Translational Medicine, Guoke Ningbo Life Science and Health Industry Research Institute, Ningbo 315000, China.
| | - Xiaoyu Dai
- Department of Anus & Intestine Surgery, Ningbo No. 2 Hospital, Ningbo 315000, China.
| | - Huina Liu
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Digestive System Tumors of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo No. 2 Hospital, Ningbo 315000, China; Center for Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Epidemiology and Translational Medicine, Guoke Ningbo Life Science and Health Industry Research Institute, Ningbo 315000, China.
| | - Liyuan Han
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Digestive System Tumors of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo No. 2 Hospital, Ningbo 315000, China; Center for Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Epidemiology and Translational Medicine, Guoke Ningbo Life Science and Health Industry Research Institute, Ningbo 315000, China.
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Gu Y, Shi D, Shen H, Wang Y, Xu D, Xiao A, Jin D, Lu K, Cai W, Xu L. Nomogram Based on Dual-Layer Spectral Detector CTA Parameter for the Prediction of Infarct Core in Patients with Acute Ischemic Stroke. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:3434. [PMID: 37998572 PMCID: PMC10670594 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13223434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Acute ischemic stroke (AIS) is time-sensitive. The accurate identification of the infarct core and penumbra areas in AIS patients is an important basis for formulating treatment plans, and is the key to dual-layer spectral detector computed tomography angiography (DLCTA), a safer and more accurate diagnostic method for AIS that will replace computed tomography perfusion (CTP) in the future. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the value of DLCTA in differentiating infarct core from penumbra in patients with AIS to establish a nomogram combined with spectral computed tomography (CT) parameters for predicting the infarct core and performing multi-angle evaluation. (2) Methods: Data for 102 patients with AIS were retrospectively collected. All patients underwent DLCTA and CTP. The patients were divided into the non-infarct core group and the infarct core group, using CTP as the reference. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to screen predictors related to the infarct core and establish a nomogram model. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, the calibration curve, and decision curve analysis (DCA) were used to evaluate the predictive efficacy, accuracy, and clinical practicability of the model, respectively. (3) Results: Multivariate logistic analysis identified three independent predictors: iodine density (OR: 0.022, 95% CI: 0.003-0.170, p < 0.001), hypertension (OR: 7.179, 95% CI: 1.766-29.186, p = 0.006), and triglycerides (OR: 0.255, 95% CI: 0.109-0.594, p = 0.002). The AUC-ROC of the nomogram was 0.913. Calibration was good. Decision curve analysis was clinically useful. (4) Conclusions: The spectral CT parameters, specifically iodine density values, effectively differentiate between the infarct core and penumbra areas in patients with AIS. The nomogram, based on iodine density values, showed strong predictive power, discrimination, and clinical utility to accurately predict infarct core in AIS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Gu
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, China; (Y.G.); (D.S.); (Y.W.); (D.X.); (A.X.); (D.J.); (K.L.); (W.C.)
| | - Dai Shi
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, China; (Y.G.); (D.S.); (Y.W.); (D.X.); (A.X.); (D.J.); (K.L.); (W.C.)
| | - Hao Shen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Anhui Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230000, China;
| | - Yeqing Wang
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, China; (Y.G.); (D.S.); (Y.W.); (D.X.); (A.X.); (D.J.); (K.L.); (W.C.)
| | - Dandan Xu
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, China; (Y.G.); (D.S.); (Y.W.); (D.X.); (A.X.); (D.J.); (K.L.); (W.C.)
| | - Aoqi Xiao
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, China; (Y.G.); (D.S.); (Y.W.); (D.X.); (A.X.); (D.J.); (K.L.); (W.C.)
| | - Dan Jin
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, China; (Y.G.); (D.S.); (Y.W.); (D.X.); (A.X.); (D.J.); (K.L.); (W.C.)
| | - Kuan Lu
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, China; (Y.G.); (D.S.); (Y.W.); (D.X.); (A.X.); (D.J.); (K.L.); (W.C.)
| | - Wu Cai
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, China; (Y.G.); (D.S.); (Y.W.); (D.X.); (A.X.); (D.J.); (K.L.); (W.C.)
| | - Liang Xu
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, China; (Y.G.); (D.S.); (Y.W.); (D.X.); (A.X.); (D.J.); (K.L.); (W.C.)
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Celant M, Toro EF, Bertaglia G, Cozzio S, Caleffi V, Valiani A, Blanco PJ, Müller LO. Modeling essential hypertension with a closed-loop mathematical model for the entire human circulation. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR NUMERICAL METHODS IN BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING 2023; 39:e3748. [PMID: 37408358 DOI: 10.1002/cnm.3748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
Arterial hypertension, defined as an increase in systemic arterial pressure, is a major risk factor for the development of diseases affecting the cardiovascular system. Every year, 9.4 million deaths worldwide are caused by complications arising from hypertension. Despite well-established approaches to diagnosis and treatment, fewer than half of all hypertensive patients have adequately controlled blood pressure. In this scenario, computational models of hypertension can be a practical approach for better quantifying the role played by different components of the cardiovascular system in the determination of this condition. In the present work we adopt a global closed-loop multi-scale mathematical model for the entire human circulation to reproduce a hypertensive scenario. In particular, we modify the model to reproduce alterations in the cardiovascular system that are cause and/or consequence of the hypertensive state. The adaptation does not only affect large systemic arteries and the heart but also the microcirculation, the pulmonary circulation and the venous system. Model outputs for the hypertensive scenario are validated through assessment of computational results against current knowledge on the impact of hypertension on the cardiovascular system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morena Celant
- Department of Mathematics, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Eleuterio F Toro
- Laboratory of Applied Mathematics, DICAM, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Giulia Bertaglia
- Department of Environmental and Prevention Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Susanna Cozzio
- U.O. di Medicina Interna, Ospedale di Rovereto, Azienda Sanitaria per i Servizi Provinciali di Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Valerio Caleffi
- Department of Engineering, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | | | - Pablo J Blanco
- National Laboratory for Scientific Computing, Petròpolis, Brazil
| | - Lucas O Müller
- Department of Mathematics, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
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36
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Zhou W, He Y. The association between blood pressure at admission and in-hospital mortality in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 2023; 165:3339-3351. [PMID: 37773457 DOI: 10.1007/s00701-023-05811-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The objective of this study was to examine the association between mean arterial pressure (MAP) at admission and in-hospital mortality among patients diagnosed with subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). METHODS In this cohort study, 1420 SAH patients were categorized into four groups based on quartiles of MAP: <82 mmHg group, 82-93 mmHg group, 93-103 mmHg group, and >103 mmHg group. Furthermore, the X-tile program was used to divide all patients into four groups: < 81.7 mmHg group, 81.7-92.3 mmHg group, 92.3-103.7 mmHg group, and > 103.7 mmHg group. The association between MAP and in-hospital mortality of SAH patients was evaluated using univariate and multivariable Cox proportional hazards models. A restricted cubic spline (RCS) was plotted to explore the association between MAP at admission and in-hospital mortality in patients with SAH. RESULTS The median follow-up duration was 7.87 days, during which, 1219 (85.85%) patients survived. After adjusting for confounding factors, MAP <82 mmHg (hazard ratio (HR)=1.67, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.08-2.57) or MAP >103 mmHg (HR=2.13, 95% CI: 1.38-3.29) was associated with increased risk of in-hospital mortality of SAH patients. Subgroup analysis depicted that MAP <82 mmHg or MAP >103 mmHg was associated with increased risk of in-hospital mortality in male patients or those aged ≥ 65 years. MAP >103 mmHg was linked with elevated risk of in-hospital mortality in patients aged <65 years; individuals with normal and underweight, overweight, and obesity; or people with hypertension. CONCLUSION The findings may offer a preliminary estimate of the optimum range for SAH patients for future randomized trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Changzhou Second People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 68 Gehu Middle Road, Wujin District, Changzhou, 213161, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yi He
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Changzhou Second People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 68 Gehu Middle Road, Wujin District, Changzhou, 213161, Jiangsu, China.
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Tan XM, Liao ZX, Zhao YY, Sun XC, Yi FL. Changes in depressive symptoms before and after the first stroke: A longitudinal study from China Family Panel Study (CFPS). J Affect Disord 2023; 340:567-574. [PMID: 37573890 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.08.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The study sought to examine the impact of longitudinal changes in depressive symptoms in middle-aged adults before and after their first stroke, and the impact of different ages. METHODS The study monitored middle-aged patients with a first stroke in the China Family Panel Study (CFPS) survey from 2016 to 2020. This study examined longitudinal changes in depressive symptoms in middle-aged adults and their controls before and after stroke using multilevel models, and also explored factors influencing middle-aged adults at the time of their respective stroke and depressive symptoms using conditional regression models and stepwise regression models, respectively. A chi-square test was used to determine whether long-term changes in depressive symptoms in patients before and after stroke could be attributed to changes in a single depressive symptom. RESULTS The study identified 582 first-time stroke patients and 5522 controls from a population of 17,588 participants. Middle-aged populations may have an increased risk of depressive symptoms after a first stroke compared to older populations. First-time stroke victims showed increased severity of depressive symptoms in both the two years before and the two years after stroke when depressive symptoms were assessed. Differences in the presentation of a single depressive symptom were most pronounced in sleep-related symptoms. CONCLUSIONS The link between first stroke and changes in the trajectory of increased depressive symptoms is complex and bidirectional. Age is an important factor influencing changes in depressive symptoms, some attention should be paid to the middle-aged population. Special attention should also be paid to sleep-related symptoms in the long-term care of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Min Tan
- Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zi-Xuan Liao
- Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | | | - Xiao-Cui Sun
- Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China; Engineering and Technology Research Center of Guangdong Universities-Real World Engineering and Technology Research Center of Medical Information, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fa-Ling Yi
- Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China; Engineering and Technology Research Center of Guangdong Universities-Real World Engineering and Technology Research Center of Medical Information, Guangzhou, China.
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Pinson MR, Bake S, Hurst DA, Samiya NT, Sohrabji F, Miranda RC. Prenatal alcohol alters inflammatory signatures in enteric portal tissues following adult-onset cerebrovascular ischemic stroke. iScience 2023; 26:107920. [PMID: 37810225 PMCID: PMC10550726 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) impairs recovery from cerebrovascular ischemic stroke in adult rodents. Since the gut becomes dysbiotic following stroke, we assessed links between PAE and enteric portal inflammation. Adult control and PAE rat offspring received a unilateral endothelin-1-induced occlusion of the middle cerebral artery. Post-stroke behavioral disabilities and brain cytokines were assessed. Mesenteric adipose and liver transcriptomes were assessed from stroke-exposed and stroke-naive offspring. We identified, in the liver of stroke-naive animals, a moderate correlation between PAE and a gene network for inflammatory necroptosis. PAE inhibited the acute-phase brain inflammatory cytokine response to stroke. Post-stroke neurological function was correlated with an adipose gene network associated with B-lymphocyte differentiation and nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) signaling and with a liver pro-inflammatory gene network. Collectively, PAE inhibits brain inflammation but results in an inflammatory signature in enteric portal tissues after stroke, suggesting that PAE persistently and adversely impacts the gut-brain axis following adult-onset disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marisa R Pinson
- Department of Neuroscience and Experimental Therapeutics, Texas A&M School of Medicine, Bryan, TX, USA
| | - Shameena Bake
- Department of Neuroscience and Experimental Therapeutics, Texas A&M School of Medicine, Bryan, TX, USA
- Women's Health in Neuroscience Program, Texas A&M University School of Medicine, Bryan, TX, USA
| | - David A Hurst
- Department of Neuroscience and Experimental Therapeutics, Texas A&M School of Medicine, Bryan, TX, USA
| | - Nadia T Samiya
- Department of Neuroscience and Experimental Therapeutics, Texas A&M School of Medicine, Bryan, TX, USA
| | - Farida Sohrabji
- Department of Neuroscience and Experimental Therapeutics, Texas A&M School of Medicine, Bryan, TX, USA
- Women's Health in Neuroscience Program, Texas A&M University School of Medicine, Bryan, TX, USA
| | - Rajesh C Miranda
- Department of Neuroscience and Experimental Therapeutics, Texas A&M School of Medicine, Bryan, TX, USA
- Women's Health in Neuroscience Program, Texas A&M University School of Medicine, Bryan, TX, USA
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Clemente-Suárez VJ, Martín-Rodríguez A, Redondo-Flórez L, Villanueva-Tobaldo CV, Yáñez-Sepúlveda R, Tornero-Aguilera JF. Epithelial Transport in Disease: An Overview of Pathophysiology and Treatment. Cells 2023; 12:2455. [PMID: 37887299 PMCID: PMC10605148 DOI: 10.3390/cells12202455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Epithelial transport is a multifaceted process crucial for maintaining normal physiological functions in the human body. This comprehensive review delves into the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying epithelial transport and its significance in disease pathogenesis. Beginning with an introduction to epithelial transport, it covers various forms, including ion, water, and nutrient transfer, followed by an exploration of the processes governing ion transport and hormonal regulation. The review then addresses genetic disorders, like cystic fibrosis and Bartter syndrome, that affect epithelial transport. Furthermore, it investigates the involvement of epithelial transport in the pathophysiology of conditions such as diarrhea, hypertension, and edema. Finally, the review analyzes the impact of renal disease on epithelial transport and highlights the potential for future research to uncover novel therapeutic interventions for conditions like cystic fibrosis, hypertension, and renal failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vicente Javier Clemente-Suárez
- Faculty of Sports Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Tajo Street, s/n, 28670 Madrid, Spain;
- Group de Investigación en Cultura, Educación y Sociedad, Universidad de la Costa, Barranquilla 080002, Colombia
| | | | - Laura Redondo-Flórez
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, C/Tajo s/n, Villaviciosa de Odón, 28670 Madrid, Spain; (L.R.-F.); (C.V.V.-T.)
| | - Carlota Valeria Villanueva-Tobaldo
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, C/Tajo s/n, Villaviciosa de Odón, 28670 Madrid, Spain; (L.R.-F.); (C.V.V.-T.)
| | - Rodrigo Yáñez-Sepúlveda
- Faculty of Education and Social Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Viña del Mar 2520000, Chile;
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Dou X, Ji W, Dai M, Sun S, Chen R, Yang J, Long J, Ge Y, Lin Y. Spatial and temporal mapping of neuron-microglia interaction modes in acute ischemic stroke. Biochem Pharmacol 2023; 216:115772. [PMID: 37659736 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/04/2023]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke (IS) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, accounting for 75-80% of all strokes. Under conditions of ischemia and hypoxia, neurons suffer damage or death, leading to a series of secondary immune reactions. Microglia, the earliest activated immune cells, can exert neurotoxic or neuroprotective effects on neurons through secretion of factors. There exists a complex interaction between neurons and microglia during this process. Moreover, the interaction between them becomes even more complex due to differences in the infarct area and reperfusion time. This review first elaborates on the differences in neuronal death modes between the ischemic core and penumbra, and then introduces the differences in microglial markers across different infarct areas with varying reperfusion time, indicating distinct functions. Finally, we focus on exploring the interaction modes between neurons and microglia in order to precisely target beneficial interactions and inhibit harmful ones, thus providing new therapeutic strategies for the treatment of IS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoke Dou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation (Huazhong University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education, China
| | - Wei Ji
- Department of Anesthesiology, Yantai Affiliated Hospital of BinZhou Medical College, Yantai 264000, China
| | - Maosha Dai
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation (Huazhong University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education, China
| | - Shujun Sun
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation (Huazhong University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education, China; Department of Pain, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Rui Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation (Huazhong University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education, China
| | - Juexi Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation (Huazhong University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education, China
| | - Junhao Long
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation (Huazhong University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education, China
| | - Yangyang Ge
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation (Huazhong University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education, China.
| | - Yun Lin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation (Huazhong University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education, China.
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Yan Q, Yin Y, Li X, Li M. Exosome-shuttled MYCBPAP from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells regulates synaptic remodeling and ameliorates ischemic stroke in rats. J Chem Neuroanat 2023; 132:102309. [PMID: 37423468 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchemneu.2023.102309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) have been demonstrated to improve cardiac function via the secretion of paracrine factors rather than direct differentiation. We, therefore, investigated whether bone marrow-derived MSC (BMSC)-released exosomes (BMSC-exo) enhance neurological recovery in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) with ischemic stroke. METHODS Markers of BMSC and BMSC-exo were detected to characterize BMSC and BMSC-exo. A green fluorescent PKH-67-labeled assay was conducted to ensure BMSC-exo internalization. Rat neuronal cells (RNC) were induced with Ang II and oxygen-glucose deprivation. The protective effects of BMSC-exo on RNC were studied by CCK-8, LDH, and immunofluorescence assays. SHR were subjected to middle cerebral artery occlusion, and the systolic and diastolic blood pressure changes in the modeled rats were measured. The effects of BMSC-exo on SHR were investigated by mNSS scoring, foot-fault tests, immunohistochemistry, Western blot, TTC staining, TUNEL, and HE staining. The hub genes related to SHR and proteins shuttled by BMSC-exo were intersected to obtain a possible candidate, followed by rescue experiments. RESULTS BMSC-exo significantly promoted RNC viability and repressed cell apoptosis and cytotoxicity. Moreover, SHR administrated with BMSC-exo exhibited significant improvement in functional recovery and narrowed infarct size. BMSC-exo shuttled the MYCBPAP protein. Knockdown of MYCBPAP inhibited the protective effects of BMSC-exo on RNC and exacerbated synaptic damage in SHR. CONCLUSIONS MYCBPAP shuttled by BMSC-exo facilitates synaptic remodeling in SHR, which may contribute to a therapeutic strategy for ischemic stroke treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuyue Yan
- Department of Neurology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou 061001 Hebei, PR China.
| | - Yong Yin
- Department of Neurology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou 061001 Hebei, PR China
| | - Xuechun Li
- Department of Neurology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou 061001 Hebei, PR China
| | - Meng Li
- Department of Neurology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou 061001 Hebei, PR China
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Jiang Y, Liu C, Zhang Y, Ying M, Xiao F, Chen M, Zhang Y, Zhang X. Analysis of Fecal Microbiota in Patients with Hypertension Complicated with Ischemic Stroke. J Mol Neurosci 2023; 73:787-803. [PMID: 37750965 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-023-02149-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is a disease with a very high incidence in the clinic, and hypertension is the most important variable risk factor of ischemic stroke. Studies have shown that intestinal microbes are involved in the occurrence and development of various diseases. This study aims to explore whether intestinal microbes play an important role in the pathogenesis of ischemic stroke in a hypertensive population. In this study, the inpatients in the Department of Neurology and Cardiology of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University in April 2021 were selected, including seven patients with hypertension complicated with ischemic stroke and only seven patients with hypertension. After collecting the stool samples of patients, the gene sequence of the samples was detected by 16S rRNA sequencing technology, and the double-ended 2 × 150 bp sequencing was carried out. After sequencing, the results were analyzed by diversity analysis, species difference analysis, species function difference analysis, and other bioinformatics tests. According to the test results, serum proteomics and biochemical blood tests were carried out to verify. There was no significant difference in α diversity and β diversity between hypertension complicated with the cerebral infarction and hypertension groups. LEfSe analysis showed that at the genus level, compared with the hypertension group, Bacteroides, UCG_009, and Eisenbergiella had significantly increased relative abundance. The genera with relatively significantly reduced abundance are Ruminococcus_gnavus_group, Sutterellaceae, Burkholderia, and Prevotella and the LDA score of Prevotella is < - 4, which indicates that there are significant differences. Compared with the blood biochemical indexes, the results showed that the level of APOA1 in hypertensive patients with ischemic stroke was significantly higher than that in hypertensive patients (p < 0.05), but there was no significant difference in total cholesterol (CHOL), triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), apolipoprotein B (APOB), and free fatty acid (NEFA). Proteomic analysis showed that there were 89 up-regulated genes and 51 down-regulated genes in the serum of the two groups, and the expression of APOC2 and APOC3 in the cerebral infarction group with hypertension was significantly higher than that in the hypertension group (p < 0.05). The intestinal diversity of patients with hypertension complicated with stroke is similar to that of patients with hypertension, but there are differences in microbiota, among which Prevotella is the most significant. Prevotella could affect lipid metabolism so that APOC2 and APOC3 in the blood are significantly increased, leading to cerebral artery atherosclerosis and, finally, ischemic stroke. This provides a new idea for preventing and treating ischemic stroke in patients with hypertension, but the mechanism of Prevotella acting on apolipoprotein needs further verification by basic medical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yitong Jiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, No. 706 Taishan Street, Taian, Shandong, 271000, China
| | - Chunhua Liu
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, Shandong First Medical University, (Shandong Academy Of Medical Sciences), No. 6699, Qingdao Road, Jinan, Shandong Province, 250012, China
| | - Yingli Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, No. 706 Taishan Street, Taian, Shandong, 271000, China
| | - Mei Ying
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, No. 706 Taishan Street, Taian, Shandong, 271000, China
| | - Feng Xiao
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, No. 706 Taishan Street, Taian, Shandong, 271000, China
| | - Miao Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, No. 706 Taishan Street, Taian, Shandong, 271000, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- School of Continuing Education, Shandong First Medical University, No. 619 Changcheng Road, Taian, Shandong Province, 271016, China
| | - Xiaowei Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, No. 706 Taishan Street, Taian, Shandong, 271000, China.
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Sui Y, Sun J, Chen Y, Wang W. Multimodal MRI study of the relationship between plaque characteristics and hypoperfusion in patients with transient ischemic attack. Front Neurol 2023; 14:1242923. [PMID: 37840913 PMCID: PMC10568067 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1242923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Transient ischemic attack is a significant risk factor for acute cerebral infarction. Previous studies have demonstrated that hypoperfusion in patients with transient ischemic attack was associated with the recurrence of transient ischemic attack, stroke, and persistent worsening of neurological symptoms. Moreover, transient ischemic attack patients classified as high-risk group according to the ABCD2 score have a higher incidence of stroke. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate the plaque characteristics of transient ischemic attack patients with concomitant cerebral hypoperfusion using multimodal MRI, as well as hemodynamic changes in the high-risk group with transient ischemic attack patients. Materials and methods A total of 151 patients with transient ischemic attack were prospectively recruited for this study. All enrolled patients underwent multimodal MRI, including DWI, TOF-MRA, HR-VWI, and DSC-PWI. Finally, 56 patients met the inclusion criteria. Based on DSC-PWI images, patients were divided into two groups: hypoperfusion (n = 41) and non-hypoperfusion (n = 15). Clinical baseline characteristics and plaque characteristics were analyzed between the two groups. Furthermore, within the hypoperfusion group, patients were further classified into low-risk (n = 11) and high-risk (n = 30) subgroups based on the ABCD2 score. Hemodynamic differences between these subgroups were also analyzed. Results Compared with the non-hypoperfusion group, the hypoperfusion group had a significantly higher prevalence of hypertension (68.3% vs. 33.3%, p = 0.019) and hyperhomocysteinemia (65.9% vs. 33.3%, p = 0.029). Moreover, the hypoperfusion group exhibited more significant luminal stenosis degree [41.79 ± 31.36 vs. 17.62± 13.62, p = 0.006] and greater NWI (57.1%± 20.47% vs. 40.21%± 21.56%, p = 0.009) compared to the non-hypoperfusion group. In addition, the high-risk group identified by the ABCD2 score had a higher rMTT [117.6(109.31-128.14) vs. 108.36(100.67-119.92), p = 0.037]. Conclusion Transient ischemic attack patients with hypoperfusion exhibited a higher prevalence of hypertension and hyperhomocysteinemia, as well as higher luminal stenosis degree, and greater NWI. Furthermore, Transient ischemic attack patients in the high-risk group demonstrated higher MTT.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Wei Wang
- Department of MRI, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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Xie H, Huang Y, Zhan Y. Construction of a novel circRNA-miRNA-ferroptosis related mRNA network in ischemic stroke. Sci Rep 2023; 13:15077. [PMID: 37699956 PMCID: PMC10497552 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-41028-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Molecule alterations are important to explore the pathological mechanism of ischemic stroke (IS). Ferroptosis, a newly recognized type of regulated cell death, is related to IS. Identification of the interactions between circular RNA (circRNA), microRNA (miRNA) and ferroptosis related mRNA may be useful to understand the molecular mechanism of IS. The circRNA, miRNA and mRNA transcriptome data in IS, downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, was used for differential expression analysis. Ferroptosis related mRNAs were identified from the FerrDb database, followed by construction of circRNA-miRNA-ferroptosis related mRNA network. Enrichment and protein-protein interaction analysis of mRNAs in circRNA-miRNA-mRNA network was performed, followed by expression validation by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction and online dataset. A total of 694, 41 and 104 differentially expressed circRNAs, miRNAs and mRNAs were respectively identified in IS. Among which, dual specificity phosphatase 1 (DUSP1), nuclear receptor coactivator 4 (NCOA4) and solute carrier family 2 member 3 (SLC2A3) were the only three up-regulated ferroptosis related mRNAs. Moreover, DUSP1, NCOA4 and SLC2A3 were significantly up-regulated in IS after 3, 5 and 24 h of the attack. Based on these three ferroptosis related mRNAs, 4 circRNA-miRNA-ferroptosis related mRNA regulatory relationship pairs were identified in IS, including hsa_circ_0071036/hsa_circ_0039365/hsa_circ_0079347/hsa_circ_0008857-hsa-miR-122-5p-DUSP1, hsa_circ_0067717/hsa_circ_0003956/hsa_circ_0013729-hsa-miR-4446-3p-SLC2A3, hsa_circ_0059347/hsa_circ_0001414/hsa_circ_0049637-hsa-miR-885-3p-SLC2A3, and hsa_circ_0005633/hsa_circ_0004479-hsa-miR-4435-NCOA4. In addition, DUSP1 is involved in the signaling pathway of fluid shear stress and atherosclerosis. Relationship of regulatory action between circRNAs, miRNAs and ferroptosis related mRNAs may be associated with the development of IS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huirong Xie
- Department of Neurology, Lishui Municipal Central Hospital, Lishui Hospital of Zhejiang University, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, 289 Kuocang Road, Lishui, 323000, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Yijie Huang
- Department of Neurology, Lishui Municipal Central Hospital, Lishui Hospital of Zhejiang University, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, 289 Kuocang Road, Lishui, 323000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yanli Zhan
- Cerebrovascular Research Laboratory, Lishui Municipal Central Hospital, Lishui Hospital of Zhejiang University, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, 289 Kuocang Road, Lishui, 323000, Zhejiang, China
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Kusuma Y, Clissold B, Riley P, Talman P, Wong A, Litt LYL, Bustami M, Kiemas LS, Putri IA, Kemal MAR, Arpandy RA, Melita M, Yan B, Yielder P. Possible Influence of Ethnicity on Computed Tomography Perfusion Parameter Thresholds in Acute Ischaemic Stroke. Cerebrovasc Dis 2023; 53:245-251. [PMID: 37549646 DOI: 10.1159/000533384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Tissue at risk, as estimated by CT perfusion utilizing Tmax+6, correlates with final infarct volume (FIV) in acute ischaemic stroke (AIS) without reperfusion. Tmax thresholds are derived from Western ethnic populations but not from ethnic Asian populations. We aimed to investigate the influence of ethnicity on Tmax thresholds. METHODS From a clinical-imaging registry of Australian and Indonesian stroke patients, we selected a participant subgroup with the following inclusion criteria: AIS under 24 h and absence of reperfusion therapy. Clinical data included demographics, time metrics, stroke severity, pre-morbid, and 3-month Modified Rankin Score. Baseline computed tomography perfusion and MRI <72 h were performed. Volumes of Tmax utilizing different thresholds and FIVs were calculated. Spearman correlation was used to evaluate relationship involving ordinal variables and calculate the optimal Tmax threshold against FIV in both populations. RESULTS Two hundred patients were included in the study sample, 100 in Jakarta and 100 in Geelong. The median National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (IQR) were 6 (3-11) and 3 (1-5), respectively. The median Tmax+6 (IQR) was 0 (0-46.5) in Jakarta group and 0 (0-7.5) in Geelong group. The median FIV (IQR) was 0 (0-30.5) and 0 (0-5.5). Tmax+8 s in Jakarta population against FIV showed Spearman's coefficient ρ = 0.72, representing the optimal Tmax threshold. Tmax+6 s showed Spearman's coefficient ρ = 0.51 against FIV in the Geelong population. CONCLUSION Tmax thresholds approximating FIV were possibly different in the Asian when compared with the non-Asian populations. Future studies are required to extend and confirm the validity of our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yohanna Kusuma
- School of Medicine, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, Victoria, Australia
- Melbourne Brain Centre, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Neurology, National Brain Centre Prof. Dr. Mahar Mardjono-Airlangga University, Jakarta/Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Benjamin Clissold
- School of Medicine, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Neurology, The Geelong University Hospital, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Peter Riley
- School of Medicine, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, Victoria, Australia
| | - Paul Talman
- School of Medicine, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Neurology, The Geelong University Hospital, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Andrew Wong
- Centre Clinical Research (CCR), University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- Department of Neurology, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - Leonard Yeo Leong Litt
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Medicine, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Mursyid Bustami
- Department of Neurology, National Brain Centre Prof. Dr. Mahar Mardjono-Airlangga University, Jakarta/Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Lyna Soertidewi Kiemas
- Department of Neurology, National Brain Centre Prof. Dr. Mahar Mardjono-Airlangga University, Jakarta/Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Indah Aprianti Putri
- Department of Neurology, National Brain Centre Prof. Dr. Mahar Mardjono-Airlangga University, Jakarta/Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - M Arief R Kemal
- Department of Neurology, National Brain Centre Prof. Dr. Mahar Mardjono-Airlangga University, Jakarta/Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Reza A Arpandy
- Department of Neurology, National Brain Centre Prof. Dr. Mahar Mardjono-Airlangga University, Jakarta/Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Melita Melita
- Department of Radiology, National Brain Centre Prof. Dr. Mahar Mardjono-Airlangga University, Jakarta/Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Bernard Yan
- Melbourne Brain Centre, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Paul Yielder
- School of Medicine, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, Victoria, Australia
- Health Sciences, Ontario Tech University Oshawa, Oshawa, Ontario, Canada
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Liu ZZ, Lin WJ, Feng Y, Huang CL, Yan YF, Guo WY, Zhang H, Lei Z, Lu QL, Liu P, Lin XM, Wu SD. Plasma lncRNA LIPCAR Expression Levels Associated with Neurological Impairment and Stroke Subtypes in Patients with Acute Cerebral Infarction: A Prospective Observational Study with a Control Group. Neurol Ther 2023; 12:1385-1398. [PMID: 37195410 PMCID: PMC10310665 DOI: 10.1007/s40120-023-00482-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This prospective observational study with a control group aimed to compare the plasma levels of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) LIPCAR between patients with acute cerebral infarction (ACI) and healthy controls, and to assess the prognostic abilities of LIPCAR for adverse outcomes of patients with ACI at 1-year follow-up. METHODS Eighty patients with ACI, of whom 40 had large artery atherosclerosis (LAA) and 40 had cardioembolism (CE) and who were hospitalized at Xi'an No. 1 Hospital from July 2019 to June 2020, were selected as the case group. Age- and sex-matched non-stroke patients from the same hospital throughout the same time period were chosen as the control group. Real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction was used to measure the levels of plasma lncRNA LIPCAR. The correlations of LIPCAR expression among the LAA, CE, and control groups were assessed using Spearman's correlation analysis. Curve fitting and multivariate logistic regression were used to analyze the LIPCAR levels and 1-year adverse outcomes of patients with ACI and its subtypes. RESULTS The expression of plasma LIPCAR in the case group was noticeably higher than that of the control group (2.42 ± 1.49 vs. 1.00 ± 0.47, p < 0.001). Patients with CE had considerably higher levels of LIPCAR expression than those with LAA. The National Institute of Health Stroke Scale score and modified Rankin scale score on admission were significantly positively correlated with LIPCAR expression in patients with CE and LAA. Furthermore, the correlation was stronger in patients with CE than in those with LAA, with correlation coefficients of 0.69 and 0.64, respectively. Curve fitting revealed a non-linear correlation between LIPCAR expression levels, 1-year recurrent stroke, all-cause mortalities, and poor prognoses, with a cut-off value of 2.2. CONCLUSION The expression level of lncRNA LIPCAR may play a potential role in the identification of neurological impairment and CE subtype in patients with ACI. Increased 1-year risk of adverse outcomes may be associated with high levels of LIPCAR expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong-Zhong Liu
- Department of Neurology, Xi'an No. 1 Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Xi'an, 710002, China
- Xi'an Key Laboratory for Innovation and Translation of Neuroimmunological Diseases, Xi'an, 710002, China
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health of Xi'an Jiao Tong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, 7100061, China
| | - Wen-Juan Lin
- Xi'an No. 3 Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710021, China
| | - Yue Feng
- College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China
| | - Cong-Li Huang
- Xi'an Key Laboratory for Innovation and Translation of Neuroimmunological Diseases, Xi'an, 710002, China
| | - Yin-Fang Yan
- Xi'an Key Laboratory for Innovation and Translation of Neuroimmunological Diseases, Xi'an, 710002, China
| | - Wei-Yan Guo
- Xi'an Key Laboratory for Innovation and Translation of Neuroimmunological Diseases, Xi'an, 710002, China
| | - Huan Zhang
- College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China
| | - Zhen Lei
- College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China
| | - Qing-Li Lu
- Department of Neurology, Xi'an No. 1 Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Xi'an, 710002, China
- Xi'an Key Laboratory for Innovation and Translation of Neuroimmunological Diseases, Xi'an, 710002, China
| | - Pei Liu
- Department of Neurology, Xi'an No. 1 Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Xi'an, 710002, China
- Xi'an Key Laboratory for Innovation and Translation of Neuroimmunological Diseases, Xi'an, 710002, China
| | - Xue-Mei Lin
- Department of Neurology, Xi'an No. 1 Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Xi'an, 710002, China
- Xi'an Key Laboratory for Innovation and Translation of Neuroimmunological Diseases, Xi'an, 710002, China
| | - Song-di Wu
- Department of Neurology, Xi'an No. 1 Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Xi'an, 710002, China.
- College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China.
- Xi'an Key Laboratory for Innovation and Translation of Neuroimmunological Diseases, Xi'an, 710002, China.
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Hunt RD, Sedighi O, Clark WM, Doiron AL, Cipolla M. Differential effect of gold nanoparticles on cerebrovascular function and biomechanical properties. Physiol Rep 2023; 11:e15789. [PMID: 37604668 PMCID: PMC10442527 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.15789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Human stroke serum (HSS) has been shown to impair cerebrovascular function, likely by factors released into the circulation after ischemia. 20 nm gold nanoparticles (GNPs) have demonstrated anti-inflammatory properties, with evidence that they decrease pathologic markers of ischemic severity. Whether GNPs affect cerebrovascular function, and potentially protect against the damaging effects of HSS on the cerebral circulation remains unclear. HSS obtained 24 h poststroke was perfused through the lumen of isolated and pressurized third-order posterior cerebral arteries (PCAs) from male Wistar rats with and without GNPs (~2 × 109 GNP/ml), or GNPs in vehicle, in an arteriograph chamber (n = 8/group). All vessels were myogenically reactive ≥60 mmHg intravascular pressure; however, vessels containing GNPs had significantly less myogenic tone. GNPs increased vasoreactivity to small and intermediate conductance calcium activated potassium channel activation via NS309; however, reduced vasoconstriction to nitric oxide synthase inhibition. Hydraulic conductivity and transvascular filtration, were decreased by GNPs, suggesting a protective effect on the blood-brain barrier. The stress-strain curves of PCAs exposed to GNPs were shifted leftward, indicating increased vessel stiffness. This study provides the first evidence that GNPs affect the structure and function of the cerebrovasculature, which may be important for their development and use in biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan D. Hunt
- Department of Neurological SciencesUniversity of Vermont Larner College of MedicineBurlingtonVermontUSA
| | - Omid Sedighi
- Department of Electrical and Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of Vermont College of Engineering and Mathematical SciencesBurlingtonVermontUSA
| | - Wayne M. Clark
- Oregon Stroke Center, Department of NeurologyOregon Health, and Science UniversityPortlandUSA
| | - Amber L. Doiron
- Department of Electrical and Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of Vermont College of Engineering and Mathematical SciencesBurlingtonVermontUSA
| | - Marilyn J. Cipolla
- Department of Neurological SciencesUniversity of Vermont Larner College of MedicineBurlingtonVermontUSA
- Department of Electrical and Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of Vermont College of Engineering and Mathematical SciencesBurlingtonVermontUSA
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive SciencesUniversity of Vermont Larner College of MedicineBurlingtonVermontUSA
- Department of PharmacologyUniversity of Vermont Larner College of MedicineBurlingtonVermontUSA
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Cheng W, Xu W, Luan S, Wen G, Kong F. Predictive value of estimated pulse wave velocity with all-cause and cause-specific mortality in the hypertensive population: the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys 1999-2014. J Hypertens 2023; 41:1313-1322. [PMID: 37260278 DOI: 10.1097/hjh.0000000000003469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Estimated pulse wave velocity (ePWV) has been proposed as a potential approach to assess carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV). However, the potential ability of ePWV to predict all-cause and cause-specific mortality in the population group with hypertension remains unresolved. METHODS We conducted a prospective cohort study using the data of 14 044 adults (age ≥18 years) from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 1999 to 2014, and followed this cohort until the end of December 2019. ePWV was calculated by using a regression equation for age and mean blood pressure (MBP), derived by the Arterial Stiffness Collaborative Group. RESULTS The weighted mean age of the 14 044 adults included was 54.79 years; 49.42% of all participants were men. During the median follow-up period of 11 years, 3795 deaths were recorded. In the fully adjusted cox regression model, each 1 m/s increase in ePWV was associated with an increased risk of 56% [hazard ratio 1.61; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.49-1.64] risk for all-cause mortality. Every 1 m/s increase in ePWV resulted in an increased risk of mortality from cardiovascular disease, cerebrovascular disease, respiratory disease, Alzheimer's disease, accidents, cancer, influenza and pneumonia by 60, 70, 47, 118, 73, 41 and 103%, respectively. ePWV has a robust predictive value for 5- and 10-year all-cause mortality in the hypertensive population with AUCs of 0.749 and 0.741, respectively. CONCLUSION Elevated ePWV is positively correlated with all-cause mortality and most cause-specific mortalities, independent of traditional risk factors. Moreover, ePWV demonstrates high accuracy in predicting 5-year and 10-year all-cause mortality, outperforming Framingham Risk Score.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenke Cheng
- Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Wei Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Huadu District People's Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou
| | - Sisi Luan
- Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Grace Wen
- University Medical Center of Göttingen, Georg-August University, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Fanliang Kong
- University Medical Center of Göttingen, Georg-August University, Göttingen, Germany
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Hannan J, Wilmskoetter J, Fridriksson J, Hillis AE, Bonilha L, Busby N. Brain health imaging markers, post-stroke aphasia and Cognition: A scoping review. Neuroimage Clin 2023; 39:103480. [PMID: 37536153 PMCID: PMC10412866 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2023.103480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
For the past decade, brain health has been an emerging line of scientific inquiry assessing the impact of age-related neurostructural changes on cognitive decline and recovery from brain injury. Typically, compromised brain health is attributed to the presence of small vessel disease (SVD) and brain tissue atrophy, which are represented by various neuroimaging features. However, to date, the relationship between brain health markers and chronic aphasia severity remains unclear. Thus, the goal of this scoping review was to assess the current body of evidence regarding the relationship between SVD-related brain health biomarkers and post-stroke aphasia and cognition. In all, 187 articles were identified from 3 databases, of which 16 articles met the criteria for inclusion. Among these studies, 11 focused on cognition rather than aphasia, while 2 investigated both. Of the 10 studies that used white matter hyperintensities (WMHs) as an indicator of SVD severity, 8 studies (80%) demonstrated a relationship between WMH load and worse cognition in stroke patients. Interestingly, among the studies that specifically investigated aphasia, all 5 studies (100%) demonstrated a relationship between SVD and worse language performance. They also indicated that factors other than brain health (e.g., lesion, age, time post onset) played an important role in determining aphasia severity at a single timepoint. These findings suggest that brain health is likely a crucial factor in the context of aphasia recovery, possibly indicating the necessity of cognitive reserve thresholds for the multimodal cognitive demands associated with language recovery. While SVD and structural brain health are not commonly considered as predictors of aphasia severity, more comprehensive models incorporating brain health have the potential to improve prognosis of post-stroke cognitive and language deficits. Given the variability in the existing literature, a uniform grading system for overall SVD would be beneficial for future research on the mechanisms related to brain networks and neuroplasticity, and their translational impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jade Hannan
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA.
| | - Janina Wilmskoetter
- Department of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Julius Fridriksson
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Argye E Hillis
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Physical Medicine, Rehabilitation, and Cognitive Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Natalie Busby
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
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Ge H, Ma X, Wang J, Zhang X, Zhang Y, Zhang Q, Li W, Liu J, Duan J, Shi W, Tian Y. A potential relationship between MMP-9 rs2250889 and ischemic stroke susceptibility. Front Neurol 2023; 14:1178642. [PMID: 37475739 PMCID: PMC10354235 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1178642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Ischemic stroke (IS), a serious cerebrovascular disease, greatly affects people's health and life. Genetic factors are indispensable for the occurrence of IS. As a biomarker for IS, the MMP-9 gene is widely involved in the pathophysiological process of IS. This study attempts to find out the relationship between MMP-9 polymorphisms and IS susceptibility. Methods A total of 700 IS patients and 700 healthy controls were recruited. The single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers of the MMP-9 gene were genotyped by the MassARRAY analyzer. Multifactor dimensionality reduction (MDR) was applied to generate SNP-SNP interaction. Furthermore, the relationship between genetic variations (allele and genotype) of the MMP-9 gene and IS susceptibility was analyzed by calculating odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results Our results demonstrated that rs2250889 could significantly increase the susceptibility to IS in the codominant, dominant, overdominant, and log-additive models (p < 0.05). Further stratification analysis showed that compared with the control group, rs2250889 was associated with IS risk in different case groups (age, female, smoking, and non-drinking) (p < 0.05). Based on MDR analysis, rs2250889 was the best model for predicting IS risk (cross-validation consistency: 10/10, OR = 1.56 (1.26-1.94), p < 0.001). Conclusion Our study preliminarily confirmed that SNP rs2250889 was significantly associated with susceptibility to IS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanming Ge
- Department of Neurology, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Xi'an No. 3 Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaojuan Ma
- Medical Research Center, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Xi'an No. 3 Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jiachen Wang
- The College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaobo Zhang
- The College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- The College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- The College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wu Li
- Medical Research Center, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Xi'an No. 3 Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Medical Research Center, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Xi'an No. 3 Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jinwei Duan
- Medical Research Center, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Xi'an No. 3 Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wenzhen Shi
- Medical Research Center, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Xi'an No. 3 Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ye Tian
- Department of Neurology, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Xi'an No. 3 Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
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