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Rai AK, Yadav M, Duary RK, Shukla P. Gut Microbiota Modulation Through Dietary Approaches Targeting Better Health During Metabolic Disorders. Mol Nutr Food Res 2025:e70033. [PMID: 40195821 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.70033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2024] [Revised: 02/26/2025] [Accepted: 03/07/2025] [Indexed: 04/09/2025]
Abstract
The impact of gut microbiota is known to play a significant role in an individual's metabolism and health. Many harmful food products or dietary imbalance adversely affect human health and changing lifestyle, environmental factors, and food habits may have their effect on gut microbiota. It has emerged that gut microbiota is regarded as an emerging metabolic organ, which is dependent on individual's diet and its composition. This review discusses the significance of lactic acid bacteria as a prominent inhabitant in the gut microbiota and the role of probiotics, prebiotics, and polyphenols to improve human health and metabolism. The role of fermented foods as an important source of probiotics and bioactive molecules is also discussed along with the role of gut microbiota in metabolic disorders like dyslipidemia, obesity, hypercholesterolemia, cancer, and hypertension. Finally, the review gives insights into the effective therapeutic prospects through gut microbiota alterations to tackle these metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Kumar Rai
- BRIC-National Agri-Food and Biomanufacturing Institute (BRIC-NABI), SAS Nagar, Mohali, India
| | | | - Raj Kumar Duary
- Department of Dairy Science and Food Technology, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Pratyoosh Shukla
- Enzyme Technology and Protein Bioinformatics Laboratory, School of Biotechnology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
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2
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Xiong S. Gut-Microbiota-Driven Lipid Metabolism: Mechanisms and Applications in Swine Production. Metabolites 2025; 15:248. [PMID: 40278377 PMCID: PMC12029090 DOI: 10.3390/metabo15040248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2025] [Revised: 03/28/2025] [Accepted: 04/01/2025] [Indexed: 04/26/2025] Open
Abstract
Background/Objectives: The gut microbiota plays a pivotal role in host physiology through metabolite production, with lipids serving as essential biomolecules for cellular structure, metabolism, and signaling. This review aims to elucidate the interactions between gut microbiota and lipid metabolism and their implications for enhancing swine production. Methods: We systematically analyzed current literature on microbial lipid metabolism, focusing on mechanistic studies on microbiota-lipid interactions, key regulatory pathways in microbial lipid metabolism, and multi-omics evidence (metagenomic/metabolomic) from swine models. Results: This review outlines the structural and functional roles of lipids in bacterial membranes and examines the influence of gut microbiota on the metabolism of key lipid classes, including cholesterol, bile acids, choline, sphingolipids, and fatty acids. Additionally, we explore the potential applications of microbial lipid metabolism in enhancing swine production performance. Conclusions: Our analysis establishes a scientific framework for microbiota-based strategies to optimize lipid metabolism. The findings highlight potential interventions to improve livestock productivity through targeted manipulation of gut microbial communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuqi Xiong
- National Key Laboratory of Pig Genetic Improvement and Germplasm Innovation, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
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3
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Nirvan H, Deswal G, Selwal MK, Selwal KK. Functional efficacy of Enterococcus faecium HN4 and Lactobacillus delbrueckii HN5 strains isolated from human milk. Future Microbiol 2025; 20:479-488. [PMID: 40152419 PMCID: PMC11980488 DOI: 10.1080/17460913.2025.2484924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/24/2025] [Indexed: 03/29/2025] Open
Abstract
AIMS The microbiota of human milk is described at length; however, variation in different bacterial genera in milk has been reported. Here, breast milk samples from Indian mothers were used to target bacterial species from the pool of microbial communities in human milk with probiotic potential. MATERIALS AND METHODS A culture-dependent technique was used to isolate bacterial cultures, and their physiological and functional properties were appraised. RESULTS Two bacterial cultures, E. faecium HN4 and L delbrueckii HN5, were identified as showing considerable tolerance to acid and bile conditions with 73.0-87.0% survival. The cultures showed other in vitro beneficial properties. CONCLUSION The study highlights the presence of potential probiotics in human milk that could be investigated for further use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harsha Nirvan
- Department of Biotechnology, Deenbandhu Chottu Ram University of Science & Technology, Sonipat, Haryana, India
| | - Garima Deswal
- Department of Biotechnology, Deenbandhu Chottu Ram University of Science & Technology, Sonipat, Haryana, India
| | - Manjit K. Selwal
- Department of Biotechnology, Deenbandhu Chottu Ram University of Science & Technology, Sonipat, Haryana, India
| | - Krishan Kumar Selwal
- Department of Biotechnology, Deenbandhu Chottu Ram University of Science & Technology, Sonipat, Haryana, India
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Noor S, Ali S, Summer M, Riaz A, Nazakat L, Aqsa. Therapeutic Role of Probiotics Against Environmental-Induced Hepatotoxicity: Mechanisms, Clinical Perspectives, Limitations, and Future. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2025; 17:516-540. [PMID: 39316257 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-024-10365-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/10/2024] [Indexed: 09/25/2024]
Abstract
Hepatotoxicity is one of the biggest health challenges, particularly in the context of liver diseases, often aggravated by gut microbiota dysbiosis. The gut-liver axis has been regarded as a key idea in liver health. It indicates that changes in gut flora caused by various hepatotoxicants, including alcoholism, acetaminophen, carbon tetrachloride, and thioacetamide, can affect the balance of the gut's microflora, which may lead to increased dysbiosis and intestinal permeability. As a result, bacterial endotoxins would eventually enter the bloodstream and liver, causing hepatotoxicity and inducing inflammatory reactions. Many treatments, including liver transplantation and modern drugs, can be used to address these issues. However, because of the many side effects of these approaches, scientists and medical experts are still hoping for a therapeutic approach with fewer side effects and more positive results. Thus, probiotics have become well-known as an adjunctive strategy for managing, preventing, or reducing hepatotoxicity in treating liver injury. By altering the gut microbiota, probiotics offer a secure, non-invasive, and economical way to improve liver health in the treatment of hepatotoxicity. Through various mechanisms such as regulation of gut microbiota, reduction of pathogenic overgrowth, suppression of inflammatory mediators, modification of hepatic lipid metabolism, improvement in the performance of the epithelial barrier of the gut, antioxidative effects, and modulation of mucosal immunity, probiotics play their role in the treatment and prevention of hepatotoxicity. This review highlights the mechanistic effects of probiotics in environmental toxicants-induced hepatotoxicity and current findings on this therapeutic approach's experimental and clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shehzeen Noor
- Medical Toxicology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Government College University, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Shaukat Ali
- Medical Toxicology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Government College University, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Summer
- Medical Toxicology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Government College University, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Anfah Riaz
- Medical Toxicology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Government College University, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Laiba Nazakat
- Medical Toxicology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Government College University, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Aqsa
- Medical Toxicology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Government College University, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
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5
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Rondanelli M, Borromeo S, Cavioni A, Gasparri C, Gattone I, Genovese E, Lazzarotti A, Minonne L, Moroni A, Patelli Z, Razza C, Sivieri C, Valentini EM, Barrile GC. Therapeutic Strategies to Modulate Gut Microbial Health: Approaches for Chronic Metabolic Disorder Management. Metabolites 2025; 15:127. [PMID: 39997751 PMCID: PMC11857149 DOI: 10.3390/metabo15020127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2024] [Revised: 01/17/2025] [Accepted: 01/28/2025] [Indexed: 02/26/2025] Open
Abstract
Numerous recent studies have suggested that the composition of the intestinal microbiota can trigger metabolic disorders, such as diabetes, prediabetes, obesity, metabolic syndrome, sarcopenia, dyslipidemia, hyperhomocysteinemia, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Since then, considerable effort has been made to understand the link between the composition of intestinal microbiota and metabolic disorders, as well as the role of probiotics in the modulation of the intestinal microbiota. The aim of this review was to summarize the reviews and individual articles on the state of the art regarding ideal therapy with probiotics and prebiotics in order to obtain the reversion of dysbiosis (alteration in microbiota) to eubiosis during metabolic diseases, such as diabetes, prediabetes, obesity, hyperhomocysteinemia, dyslipidemia, sarcopenia, and non-alcoholic fatty liver diseases. This review includes 245 eligible studies. In conclusion, a condition of dysbiosis, or in general, alteration of the intestinal microbiota, could be implicated in the development of metabolic disorders through different mechanisms, mainly linked to the release of pro-inflammatory factors. Several studies have already demonstrated the potential of using probiotics and prebiotics in the treatment of this condition, detecting significant improvements in the specific symptoms of metabolic diseases. These findings reinforce the hypothesis that a condition of dysbiosis can lead to a generalized inflammatory picture with negative consequences on different organs and systems. Moreover, this review confirms that the beneficial effects of probiotics on metabolic diseases are promising, but more research is needed to determine the optimal probiotic strains, doses, and administration forms for specific metabolic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariangela Rondanelli
- Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
| | - Sara Borromeo
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona “Istituto Santa Margherita”, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (S.B.); (A.C.); (C.G.); (I.G.); (E.G.); (A.L.); (L.M.); (A.M.); (Z.P.); (C.R.); (C.S.); (E.M.V.)
| | - Alessandro Cavioni
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona “Istituto Santa Margherita”, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (S.B.); (A.C.); (C.G.); (I.G.); (E.G.); (A.L.); (L.M.); (A.M.); (Z.P.); (C.R.); (C.S.); (E.M.V.)
| | - Clara Gasparri
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona “Istituto Santa Margherita”, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (S.B.); (A.C.); (C.G.); (I.G.); (E.G.); (A.L.); (L.M.); (A.M.); (Z.P.); (C.R.); (C.S.); (E.M.V.)
| | - Ilaria Gattone
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona “Istituto Santa Margherita”, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (S.B.); (A.C.); (C.G.); (I.G.); (E.G.); (A.L.); (L.M.); (A.M.); (Z.P.); (C.R.); (C.S.); (E.M.V.)
| | - Elisa Genovese
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona “Istituto Santa Margherita”, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (S.B.); (A.C.); (C.G.); (I.G.); (E.G.); (A.L.); (L.M.); (A.M.); (Z.P.); (C.R.); (C.S.); (E.M.V.)
| | - Alessandro Lazzarotti
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona “Istituto Santa Margherita”, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (S.B.); (A.C.); (C.G.); (I.G.); (E.G.); (A.L.); (L.M.); (A.M.); (Z.P.); (C.R.); (C.S.); (E.M.V.)
| | - Leonardo Minonne
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona “Istituto Santa Margherita”, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (S.B.); (A.C.); (C.G.); (I.G.); (E.G.); (A.L.); (L.M.); (A.M.); (Z.P.); (C.R.); (C.S.); (E.M.V.)
| | - Alessia Moroni
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona “Istituto Santa Margherita”, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (S.B.); (A.C.); (C.G.); (I.G.); (E.G.); (A.L.); (L.M.); (A.M.); (Z.P.); (C.R.); (C.S.); (E.M.V.)
| | - Zaira Patelli
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona “Istituto Santa Margherita”, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (S.B.); (A.C.); (C.G.); (I.G.); (E.G.); (A.L.); (L.M.); (A.M.); (Z.P.); (C.R.); (C.S.); (E.M.V.)
| | - Claudia Razza
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona “Istituto Santa Margherita”, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (S.B.); (A.C.); (C.G.); (I.G.); (E.G.); (A.L.); (L.M.); (A.M.); (Z.P.); (C.R.); (C.S.); (E.M.V.)
| | - Claudia Sivieri
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona “Istituto Santa Margherita”, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (S.B.); (A.C.); (C.G.); (I.G.); (E.G.); (A.L.); (L.M.); (A.M.); (Z.P.); (C.R.); (C.S.); (E.M.V.)
| | - Eugenio Marzio Valentini
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona “Istituto Santa Margherita”, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (S.B.); (A.C.); (C.G.); (I.G.); (E.G.); (A.L.); (L.M.); (A.M.); (Z.P.); (C.R.); (C.S.); (E.M.V.)
| | - Gaetan Claude Barrile
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona “Istituto Santa Margherita”, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (S.B.); (A.C.); (C.G.); (I.G.); (E.G.); (A.L.); (L.M.); (A.M.); (Z.P.); (C.R.); (C.S.); (E.M.V.)
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Młynarska E, Czarnik W, Dzieża N, Jędraszak W, Majchrowicz G, Prusinowski F, Stabrawa M, Rysz J, Franczyk B. Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: New Pathogenetic Mechanisms, Treatment and the Most Important Complications. Int J Mol Sci 2025; 26:1094. [PMID: 39940862 PMCID: PMC11817707 DOI: 10.3390/ijms26031094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2024] [Revised: 01/19/2025] [Accepted: 01/22/2025] [Indexed: 02/16/2025] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), a prevalent chronic disease affecting over 400 million people globally, is driven by genetic and environmental factors. The pathogenesis involves insulin resistance and β-cell dysfunction, mediated by mechanisms such as the dedifferentiation of β-cells, mitochondrial dysfunction, and oxidative stress. Treatment should be based on non-pharmacological therapy. Strategies such as increased physical activity, dietary modifications, cognitive-behavioral therapy are important in maintaining normal glycemia. Advanced therapies, including SGLT2 inhibitors and GLP-1 receptor agonists, complement these treatments and offer solid glycemic control, weight control, and reduced cardiovascular risk. Complications of T2DM, such as diabetic kidney disease, retinopathy, and neuropathy, underscore the need for early diagnosis and comprehensive management to improve patient outcomes and quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewelina Młynarska
- Department of Nephrocardiology, Medical University of Lodz, Ul. Zeromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, Poland
| | - Witold Czarnik
- Department of Nephrocardiology, Medical University of Lodz, Ul. Zeromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, Poland
| | - Natasza Dzieża
- Department of Nephrocardiology, Medical University of Lodz, Ul. Zeromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, Poland
| | - Weronika Jędraszak
- Department of Nephrocardiology, Medical University of Lodz, Ul. Zeromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, Poland
| | - Gabriela Majchrowicz
- Department of Nephrocardiology, Medical University of Lodz, Ul. Zeromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, Poland
| | - Filip Prusinowski
- Department of Nephrocardiology, Medical University of Lodz, Ul. Zeromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, Poland
| | - Magdalena Stabrawa
- Department of Nephrocardiology, Medical University of Lodz, Ul. Zeromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, Poland
| | - Jacek Rysz
- Department of Nephrology, Hypertension and Family Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Ul. Zeromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, Poland
| | - Beata Franczyk
- Department of Nephrocardiology, Medical University of Lodz, Ul. Zeromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, Poland
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Miyata T, Nojima E, Minai Y. Effects of Excessive Sucrose Intake on Aggressive Behavior and Peripheral Stress-Related Hormone and Catecholamines in BALB/c Mice during Adolescent Development. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo) 2025; 71:16-24. [PMID: 40024745 DOI: 10.3177/jnsv.71.16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/04/2025]
Abstract
As binge eating and unbalanced diets increase the prevalence of obesity and metabolic disorders, it has been noted that the increase in psychiatric disorders is also a consequence of diet. The present study examined aggressive behavior and peripheral stress-related hormone and catecholamine levels in BALB/c mice fed a high-sucrose diet during adolescent development. BALB/c mice are rarely used in research assessing the effect of diet, but were used for ethnic and personal differences and as a new experimental model. BALB/c mice were fed a diet in which all carbohydrate components were replaced with sucrose for 4 wk and were subjected to the resident-intruder and social dominance tube test. Plasma insulin, corticosterone, and catecholamine levels were also compared to mice fed a control diet. The high-sucrose diet did not alter body weight, glucose tolerance, and plasma insulin levels in BALB/c mice, indicating that the diet was resilient to obesity. Mice fed a high-sucrose diet exhibited increased aggressive behaviors in the resident-intruder test and had a significantly higher win rate in the tube test. Increases in adrenal weight and plasma corticosterone as well as noradrenaline and adrenaline levels were exhibited in mice fed a high-sucrose diet. In particular, this is the first evidence of increased social dominance and hyperplasia of the adrenal glands by a sucrose diet. Sucrose diet intake increased aggression in mice and caused elevated peripheral hormones involving the HPA axis and the sympathetic nervous system, indicating that this may be a central nervous system-mediated effect of excess sucrose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tohru Miyata
- Department of Agri-Production Sciences, College of Agriculture, Tamagawa University
- Biosystems & Biofunctions Research Center, Tamagawa University Research Institute
| | - Eichi Nojima
- Department of Bioresource Sciences, College of Agriculture, Tamagawa University
| | - Yuji Minai
- Department of Agri-Production Sciences, College of Agriculture, Tamagawa University
- Biosystems & Biofunctions Research Center, Tamagawa University Research Institute
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Calvigioni M, Biancalana E, Mazzantini D, Celandroni F, Rossi C, Mengozzi A, Ghelardi E, Solini A. In-depth Microbiological Characterization of Urine From Subjects With Type 2 Diabetes. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2024; 110:185-194. [PMID: 38870276 PMCID: PMC11651686 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgae389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
CONTEXT Lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) are common in type 2 diabetes (T2D), affecting quality of life and potentially leading to medication discontinuation. Among various factors contributing to LUTS, recent observations suggest a critical role of the urinary microbiota. Research on urinary dysbiosis in T2D remains underexplored. OBJECTIVE We conducted a pilot study to investigate differences in the urinary microbiota between patients with T2D and healthy individuals and its potential indirect association with LUTS risk. METHODS This case-control study included 50 patients with T2D and no LUTS, and 25 healthy controls. Microbial DNAs were extracted from urinary sediments and bacterial populations quantified by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and qualitatively investigated by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Validation experiments with digital PCR were also performed. RESULTS In patients with T2D a higher total bacterial load and an increased abundance of Bacillota were found. After stratification by gender, these results were observed only in women. However, no significant quantitative differences were observed at the genus level. Alpha diversity analysis showed no significant differences between T2D and control groups, or by gender. At the species level, a substantial qualitative and often gender-dependent shift was present in individuals with T2D. CONCLUSION The urinary microbiome of subjects with T2D was found to be different from that of healthy controls. Specifically, patients with T2D displayed higher total bacterial load and Bacillota levels, as well as qualitative changes in bacterial species. These changes suggested a dysbiotic condition of the urinary microbiota of subjects with T2D, with some gender-related differences. Although causality cannot be inferred, these findings highlight the impact of T2D on the urinary microbiota and its potential relevance in developing LUTS and, from a broader perspective, metabolic abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Calvigioni
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, I-56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Edoardo Biancalana
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, I-56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Diletta Mazzantini
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, I-56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Francesco Celandroni
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, I-56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Chiara Rossi
- Department of Surgical, Medical, Molecular and Critical Area Pathology, University of Pisa, I-56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Alessandro Mengozzi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, I-56126 Pisa, Italy
- Center for Translational and Experimental Cardiology (CTEC), Department of Cardiology, Zurich University Hospital and University of Zurich, 8952 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Emilia Ghelardi
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, I-56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Anna Solini
- Department of Surgical, Medical, Molecular and Critical Area Pathology, University of Pisa, I-56126 Pisa, Italy
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Ng CYJ, Zhong L, Ng HS, Goh KS, Zhao Y. Managing Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus via the Regulation of Gut Microbiota: A Chinese Medicine Perspective. Nutrients 2024; 16:3935. [PMID: 39599721 PMCID: PMC11597546 DOI: 10.3390/nu16223935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2024] [Revised: 11/11/2024] [Accepted: 11/14/2024] [Indexed: 11/29/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is a metabolic disorder characterized by insulin resistance and inadequate insulin production. Given the increased frequency of T2DM and the health issues it can cause, there is an increasing need to develop alternative T2DM management strategies. One such approach is Chinese Medicine (CM), a complementary therapy widely used in T2DM treatment. Given the emphasis on gut microbiota in current research, studying CM in the treatment of T2DM via gut microbiota modulation could be beneficial. Scope and approach: The use of various CM methods for managing T2DM via gut microbiota modulation is highlighted in this review. Following an introduction of the gut microbiota and its role in T2DM pathogenesis, we will review the potential interactions between gut microbiota and T2DM. Thereafter, we will review various CM treatment modalities that modulate gut microbiota and provide perspectives for future research. Key findings and discussion: In T2DM, Akkermansia, Bifidobacterium, and Firmicutes are examples of gut microbiota commonly imbalanced. Studies have shown that CM therapies can modulate gut microbiota, leading to beneficial effects such as reduced inflammation, improved metabolism, and improved immunity. Among these treatment modalities, Chinese Herbal Medicine and acupuncture are the most well-studied, and several in vivo studies have demonstrated their potential in managing T2DM by modulating gut microbiota. However, the underlying biomolecular mechanisms of actions are not well elucidated, which is a key area for future research. Future studies could also investigate alternate CM therapies such as moxibustion and CM exercises and conduct large-scale clinical trials to validate their effectiveness in treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chester Yan Jie Ng
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637551, Singapore
| | - Linda Zhong
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637551, Singapore
| | - Han Seong Ng
- Singapore General Hospital, Outram Rd., Singapore 169608, Singapore
- Academy of Chinese Medicine Singapore, 705 Serangoon Road, Singapore 328127, Singapore
| | - Kia Seng Goh
- Academy of Chinese Medicine Singapore, 705 Serangoon Road, Singapore 328127, Singapore
- Singapore College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 640 Lor 4 Toa Payoh, Singapore 319522, Singapore
| | - Yan Zhao
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637551, Singapore
- Academy of Chinese Medicine Singapore, 705 Serangoon Road, Singapore 328127, Singapore
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10
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Enache RM, Profir M, Roşu OA, Creţoiu SM, Gaspar BS. The Role of Gut Microbiota in the Onset and Progression of Obesity and Associated Comorbidities. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:12321. [PMID: 39596385 PMCID: PMC11595101 DOI: 10.3390/ijms252212321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2024] [Revised: 11/06/2024] [Accepted: 11/15/2024] [Indexed: 11/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Obesity, a global public health problem, is constantly increasing, so the concerns in preventing and combating it are increasingly focused on the intestinal microbiota. It was found that the microbiota is different in lean people compared to obese individuals, but the exact mechanisms by which energy homeostasis is influenced are still incompletely known. Numerous studies show the involvement of certain bacterial species in promoting obesity and associated diseases such as diabetes, hypertension, cancer, etc. Our aim is to summarize the main findings regarding the influence of several factors such as lifestyle changes, including diet and bariatric surgery, on the diversity of the gut microbiota in obese individuals. The second purpose of this paper is to investigate the potential effect of various microbiota modulation techniques on ameliorating obesity and its comorbidities. A literature search was conducted using the PubMed database, identifying articles published between 2019 and 2024. Most studies identified suggest that obesity is generally associated with alterations of the gut microbiome such as decreased microbial diversity, an increased Firmicutes-to-Bacteroidetes ratio, and increased SCFAs levels. Our findings also indicate that gut microbiota modulation techniques could represent a novel strategy in treating obesity and related metabolic diseases. Although some mechanisms (e.g., inflammation or hormonal regulation) are already considered a powerful connection between gut microbiota and obesity development, further research is needed to enhance the knowledge on this particular topic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert-Mihai Enache
- Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, Fundeni Clinical Institute, 022328 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Monica Profir
- Department of Morphological Sciences, Cell and Molecular Biology and Histology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (M.P.); (O.A.R.)
- Department of Oncology, Elias University Emergency Hospital, 011461 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Oana Alexandra Roşu
- Department of Morphological Sciences, Cell and Molecular Biology and Histology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (M.P.); (O.A.R.)
- Department of Oncology, Elias University Emergency Hospital, 011461 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Sanda Maria Creţoiu
- Department of Morphological Sciences, Cell and Molecular Biology and Histology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (M.P.); (O.A.R.)
| | - Bogdan Severus Gaspar
- Department of Surgery, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania;
- Surgery Clinic, Bucharest Emergency Clinical Hospital, 014461 Bucharest, Romania
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11
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Eslami M, Pakmehr A, Pourghazi F, Kami A, Ejtahed HS, Mohajeri-Tehrani M, Hasani-Ranjbar S, Larijani B. The anti-obesity effects of postbiotics: A systematic review of pre-clinical and clinical studies. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2024; 64:370-389. [PMID: 39461594 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2024.10.153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2024] [Revised: 09/30/2024] [Accepted: 10/09/2024] [Indexed: 10/29/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The growing prevalence of obesity has become a major concern worldwide, therefore a great number of studies are conducted every day in the field of obesity. Since postbiotics are a newly introduced term, there is not much systematic evidence about their function and impact on obesity. We designed this study to systematically review the effect of different types of postbiotics on obesity. METHODS A systematic search was conducted using PubMed, SCOPUS, and Web of Science databases up to August 2023. Both human and animal interventional studies that investigated the effects of any type of postbiotic on obesity and obesity-related factors were eligible. Screening, data extraction, and quality assessment were conducted independently by two researchers. The quality of the studies was appraised using Cochrane and Systematic Review Centre for Laboratory Animal Experimentation (SYRCLE's) risk of bias tool. RESULTS Of the 19373 retrieved studies, finally, 49 studies were included (9 human studies and 40 animal studies). Short-chain fatty acids and heat-killed (inactivated) bacteria were the most used postbiotics. In human clinical trials, inactivated Lactobacillus amylovorus (CP1563), Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis (CECT 8145) and Pediococcus pentosaceus (LP28) were administered orally as postbiotics which improved body composition and anthropometric indices. Animal studies evaluated other types of postbiotics including muramyl dipeptide, cell-free extracts, urolithin A&B, extracellular Vesicles, exopolysaccharides, and surface Layer Proteins, supporting the anti-obesity effects of postbiotics. CONCLUSION Postbiotics seem to be a safe intervention and the results were in favor of a reduction in adipogenesis as well as an increase in energy expenditure. Further high-quality studies are required in this relatively new topic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maysa Eslami
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Azin Pakmehr
- Obesity and Eating Habits Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farzad Pourghazi
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Atefe Kami
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hanieh-Sadat Ejtahed
- Obesity and Eating Habits Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mohammadreza Mohajeri-Tehrani
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shirin Hasani-Ranjbar
- Obesity and Eating Habits Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bagher Larijani
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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12
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Cheng J, Cho JH, Suh JW. Characterization of Human Breast Milk-Derived Limosilactobacillus reuteri MBHC 10138 with Respect to Purine Degradation, Anti-Biofilm, and Anti-Lipid Accumulation Activities. Antibiotics (Basel) 2024; 13:964. [PMID: 39452230 PMCID: PMC11504937 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics13100964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2024] [Revised: 10/07/2024] [Accepted: 10/10/2024] [Indexed: 10/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Human breast milk is a valuable source of potential probiotic candidates. The bacteria isolated from human breast milk play an important role in the development of the infant gut microbiota, exhibiting diverse biological functions. Methods: In this study, Limosilactobacillus reuteri MBHC 10138 isolated from breast milk was characterized in terms of its probiotic safety characteristics and potential efficacy in hyperuricemia, obesity, lipid liver, and dental caries, conditions which Korean consumers seek to manage using probiotics. Results: Strain MBHC 10138 demonstrated a lack of D-lactate and biogenic amine production as well as a lack of bile salt deconjugation and hemolytic activity. It also exhibited susceptibility to common antibiotics, tolerance to simulated oral-gastric-intestinal conditions, and superior biological activity compared to three L. reuteri reference strains, including KACC 11452 and MJ-1, isolated from feces, and a commercial strain isolated from human breast milk. Notably, L. reuteri MBHC 10138 showed high capabilities in assimilating guanosine (69.48%), inosine (81.92%), and adenosine (95.8%), strongly inhibited 92.74% of biofilm formation by Streptococcus mutans, and reduced lipid accumulation by 32% in HepG2 cells. Conclusions: These findings suggest that strain MBHC 10138, isolated from human breast milk, has potential to be developed as a probiotic for managing hyperuricemia, obesity, and dental caries after appropriate in vivo studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Joo-Won Suh
- Microbio Healthcare, Co., Ltd., Yongin 17058, Republic of Korea; (J.C.); (J.-H.C.)
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13
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Jo YM, Son YJ, Kim SA, Lee GM, Ahn CW, Park HO, Yun JH. Lactobacillus gasseri BNR17 and Limosilactobacillus fermentum ABF21069 Ameliorate High Sucrose-Induced Obesity and Fatty Liver via Exopolysaccharide Production and β-oxidation. J Microbiol 2024; 62:907-918. [PMID: 39417925 DOI: 10.1007/s12275-024-00173-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2024] [Revised: 09/12/2024] [Accepted: 09/19/2024] [Indexed: 10/19/2024]
Abstract
Obesity and metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) are prevalent metabolic disorders with substantial global health implications that are often inadequately addressed by current treatments and may have side effects. Probiotics have emerged as promising therapeutic agents owing to their beneficial effects on gut health and metabolism. This study investigated the synergistic effects of a probiotic combination of BNR17 and ABF21069 on obesity and MAFLD in C57BL/6 mice fed a high-sucrose diet. The probiotic combination significantly reduced body weight and fat accumulation compared with the high-sucrose diet. It also alleviated elevated serum leptin levels induced by a high-sucrose diet. Histological analysis revealed a significant reduction in white adipose tissue and fatty liver in the mice treated with the probiotic combination. Furthermore, increased expression of genes related to β-oxidation, thermogenesis, and lipolysis suggested enhanced metabolic activity. The probiotic groups, particularly the BNR17 group, showed an increase in fecal exopolysaccharides, along with a tendency toward a lower expression of intestinal sugar transport genes, indicating reduced sugar absorption. Additionally, inflammatory markers in the liver tissue exhibited lower expression in the ABF21069 group than in the HSD group. Despite each strain in the combination group having distinct characteristics and functions, their combined effect demonstrated synergy in mitigating obesity and MAFLD, likely through the modulation of fecal exopolysaccharides content and improvement in lipid metabolism. These findings underscore the potential of probiotic supplementation as a promising assistant therapy for managing obesity and MAFLD and provide valuable insights into its therapeutic mechanisms in metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Mi Jo
- AceBiome Inc, Seoul, 06164, Republic of Korea
- R&D Center, AceBiome Inc, Daejeon, 34013, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon Ji Son
- AceBiome Inc, Seoul, 06164, Republic of Korea
- R&D Center, AceBiome Inc, Daejeon, 34013, Republic of Korea
| | - Seul-Ah Kim
- AceBiome Inc, Seoul, 06164, Republic of Korea
- R&D Center, AceBiome Inc, Daejeon, 34013, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyu Min Lee
- AceBiome Inc, Seoul, 06164, Republic of Korea
- R&D Center, AceBiome Inc, Daejeon, 34013, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Won Ahn
- AceBiome Inc, Seoul, 06164, Republic of Korea
- R&D Center, AceBiome Inc, Daejeon, 34013, Republic of Korea
| | - Han-Oh Park
- AceBiome Inc, Seoul, 06164, Republic of Korea
- R&D Center, AceBiome Inc, Daejeon, 34013, Republic of Korea
- Bioneer Corporation, Daejeon, 34302, Republic of Korea
- siRNAgen Therapeutics, Daejeon, 34302, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Hyun Yun
- AceBiome Inc, Seoul, 06164, Republic of Korea.
- R&D Center, AceBiome Inc, Daejeon, 34013, Republic of Korea.
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Servida S, Piontini A, Gori F, Tomaino L, Moroncini G, De Gennaro Colonna V, La Vecchia C, Vigna L. Curcumin and Gut Microbiota: A Narrative Overview with Focus on Glycemic Control. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7710. [PMID: 39062953 PMCID: PMC11277527 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25147710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2024] [Revised: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Turmeric is a spice widely used in China, Southeast Asia, and in traditional Ayurvedic medicine. Its safety profile and efficacy as an antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antitumor, antidiabetic, and anti-obesity agent have led to extensive research into its potential role in preventing and treating metabolic diseases. The active compound in turmeric is curcumin, which exhibits low systemic bioavailability after oral administration. However, it is detectable in the gut, where it bidirectionally interacts with the gut microbiota (GM), which plays a crucial role in maintaining host health. The favorable effects of curcumin, particularly its hypoglycemic properties, are linked to alteration in intestinal dysbiosis observed in type 2 diabetes mellitus and metabolic syndrome patients. Restoration of the eubiotic GM may contribute to glycemic homeostasis. Preclinical and clinical studies have demonstrated the involvement of the GM in the regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism. Although the underlying mechanism remains incompletely understood, intestinal dysbiosis is associated with insulin resistance, hyperglycemia, and low-grade inflammation. In the present overview, we summarize the biological properties of curcumin, focusing on its link with GM and, therefore, on its potential role in metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Servida
- Obesity and Work Centre, Occupational Medicine Unit, Clinica del Lavoro L. Devoto, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy; (S.S.); (A.P.); (V.D.G.C.)
| | - Alessandra Piontini
- Obesity and Work Centre, Occupational Medicine Unit, Clinica del Lavoro L. Devoto, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy; (S.S.); (A.P.); (V.D.G.C.)
| | - Francesca Gori
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Emergency, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy;
| | - Laura Tomaino
- Postgraduate School of Emergency Medicine, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60121 Ancona, Italy;
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60121 Ancona, Italy;
| | - Gianluca Moroncini
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60121 Ancona, Italy;
| | - Vito De Gennaro Colonna
- Obesity and Work Centre, Occupational Medicine Unit, Clinica del Lavoro L. Devoto, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy; (S.S.); (A.P.); (V.D.G.C.)
- Department of Clinical Science and Community Health, DISSCO, Università degli Studi, 20122 Milan, Italy;
| | - Carlo La Vecchia
- Department of Clinical Science and Community Health, DISSCO, Università degli Studi, 20122 Milan, Italy;
| | - Luisella Vigna
- Obesity and Work Centre, Occupational Medicine Unit, Clinica del Lavoro L. Devoto, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy; (S.S.); (A.P.); (V.D.G.C.)
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Lee HY, Lee J, Lim H, Kim HY, Koo YS, Lim JS, Yoon Y. Lactobacillus gasseri BNR17 Ameliorates Dexamethasone-Induced Muscle Loss in BALB/c Mice and C2C12 Myotubes. J Med Food 2024; 27:385-395. [PMID: 38574296 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2023.k.0278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effects and mechanism of Lactobacillus gasseri BNR17, a probiotic strain isolated from human breast milk, on dexamethasone-induced muscle loss in mice and cultured myotubes. BALB/c mice were intraperitoneally injected with dexamethasone, and orally administered L. gasseri BNR17 for 21 days. L. gasseri BNR17 treatment ameliorated dexamethasone-induced decline in muscle function, as evidenced by an increase in forelimb grip strength, treadmill running time, and rotarod retention time in both female and male mice. In addition, L. gasseri BNR17 treatment significantly increased the mass of the gastrocnemius and quadriceps muscles. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry showed a significant increase in lean body mass and a decrease in fat mass in both whole body and hind limb after treatment with L. gasseri BNR17. It was found that L. gasseri BNR17 treatment downregulated serum myostatin level and the protein degradation pathway composed of muscle-specific ubiquitin E3 ligases, MuRF1 and MAFbx, and their transcription factor FoxO3. In contrast, L. gasseri BNR17 treatment upregulated serum insulin-like growth factor-1 level and Akt-mTOR-p70S6K signaling pathway involved in protein synthesis in muscle. As a result, L. gasseri BNR17 treatment significantly increased the levels of major muscular proteins such as myosin heavy chain and myoblast determination protein 1. Consistent with in vivo results, L. gasseri BNR17 culture supernatant significantly ameliorated dexamethasone-induced C2C12 myotube atrophy in vitro. In conclusion, L. gasseri BNR17 ameliorates muscle loss by downregulating the protein degradation pathway and upregulating the protein synthesis pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeon-Yeong Lee
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jongkyu Lee
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyemi Lim
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hye-Young Kim
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yeon-Su Koo
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji-Su Lim
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yoosik Yoon
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea
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16
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Amini-Salehi E, Samethadka Nayak S, Maddineni G, Mahapatro A, Keivanlou MH, Soltani Moghadam S, Vakilpour A, Aleali MS, Joukar F, Hashemi M, Norouzi N, Bakhshi A, Bahrampourian A, Mansour-Ghanaei F, Hassanipour S. Can modulation of gut microbiota affect anthropometric indices in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease? An umbrella meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2024; 86:2900-2910. [PMID: 38694388 PMCID: PMC11060227 DOI: 10.1097/ms9.0000000000001740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and aim Modulating the gut microbiota population by administration of probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics has shown to have a variety of health benefits in different populations, particularly those with metabolic disorders. Although the promising effects of these compounds have been observed in the management of patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), the exact effects and the mechanisms of action are yet to be understood. In the present study, we aimed to evaluate how gut microbiota modulation affects anthropometric indices of NAFLD patients to achieve a comprehensive summary of current evidence-based knowledge. Methods Two researchers independently searched international databases, including PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science, from inception to June 2023. Meta-analysis studies that evaluated the effects of probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics on patients with NAFLD were entered into our umbrella review. The data regarding anthropometric indices, including body mass index, weight, waist circumference (WC), and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), were extracted by the investigators. The authors used random effect model for conducting the meta-analysis. Subgroup analysis and sensitivity analysis were also performed. Results A total number of 13 studies were finally included in our study. Based on the final results, BMI was significantly decreased in NAFLD patients by modulation of gut microbiota [effect size (ES): -0.18, 05% CI: -0.25, -0.11, P<0.001]; however, no significant alteration was observed in weight and WC (ES: -1.72, 05% CI: -3.48, 0.03, P=0.055, and ES: -0.24, 05% CI: -0.75, 0.26, P=0.353, respectively). The results of subgroup analysis showed probiotics had the most substantial effect on decreasing BMI (ES: -0.77, 95% CI: -1.16, -0.38, P<0.001) followed by prebiotics (ES: -0.51, 95% CI: -0.76, -0.27, P<0.001) and synbiotics (ES: -0.12, 95% CI: -0.20, -0.04, P=0.001). Conclusion In conclusion, the present umbrella meta-analysis showed that although modulation of gut microbiota by administration of probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics had promising effects on BMI, no significant change was observed in the WC and weight of the patients. No sufficient data were available for other anthropometric indices including waist-to-hip ratio and waist-to-height ratio and future meta-analyses should be done in this regard.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehsan Amini-Salehi
- Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
- Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Azin Vakilpour
- School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht
| | | | | | - Mohammad Hashemi
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
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Kober AKMH, Saha S, Ayyash M, Namai F, Nishiyama K, Yoda K, Villena J, Kitazawa H. Insights into the Anti-Adipogenic and Anti-Inflammatory Potentialities of Probiotics against Obesity. Nutrients 2024; 16:1373. [PMID: 38732619 PMCID: PMC11085650 DOI: 10.3390/nu16091373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Functional foods with probiotics are safe and effective dietary supplements to improve overweight and obesity. Thus, altering the intestinal microflora may be an effective approach for controlling or preventing obesity. This review aims to summarize the experimental method used to study probiotics and obesity, and recent advances in probiotics against obesity. In particular, we focused on studies (in vitro and in vivo) that used probiotics to treat obesity and its associated comorbidities. Several in vitro and in vivo (animal and human clinical) studies conducted with different bacterial species/strains have reported that probiotics promote anti-obesity effects by suppressing the differentiation of pre-adipocytes through immune cell activation, maintaining the Th1/Th2 cytokine balance, altering the intestinal microbiota composition, reducing the lipid profile, and regulating energy metabolism. Most studies on probiotics and obesity have shown that probiotics are responsible for a notable reduction in weight gain and body mass index. It also increases the levels of anti-inflammatory adipokines and decreases those of pro-inflammatory adipokines in the blood, which are responsible for the regulation of glucose and fatty acid breakdown. Furthermore, probiotics effectively increase insulin sensitivity and decrease systemic inflammation. Taken together, the intestinal microbiota profile found in overweight individuals can be modified by probiotic supplementation which can create a promising environment for weight loss along enhancing levels of adiponectin and decreasing leptin, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-6, monocyte chemotactic protein (MCP)-1, and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β on human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. K. M. Humayun Kober
- Department of Dairy and Poultry Science, Chittagong Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Khulshi, Chittagong 4225, Bangladesh;
| | - Sudeb Saha
- Laboratory of Animal Food Function, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8576, Japan; (F.N.); (K.N.)
- Livestock Immunology Unit, International Education and Research Center for Food and Agricultural Immunology (CFAI), Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8576, Japan
- Department of Dairy Science, Faculty of Veterinary, Animal and Biomedical Sciences, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet 3100, Bangladesh
| | - Mutamed Ayyash
- Department of Food Science, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain 15551, United Arab Emirates;
| | - Fu Namai
- Laboratory of Animal Food Function, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8576, Japan; (F.N.); (K.N.)
- Livestock Immunology Unit, International Education and Research Center for Food and Agricultural Immunology (CFAI), Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8576, Japan
| | - Keita Nishiyama
- Laboratory of Animal Food Function, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8576, Japan; (F.N.); (K.N.)
- Livestock Immunology Unit, International Education and Research Center for Food and Agricultural Immunology (CFAI), Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8576, Japan
| | - Kazutoyo Yoda
- Technical Research Laboratory, Takanashi Milk Products Co., Ltd., Yokohama 241-0023, Japan;
| | - Julio Villena
- Laboratory of Animal Food Function, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8576, Japan; (F.N.); (K.N.)
- Laboratory of Immunobiotechnology, Reference Centre for Lactobacilli (CERELA-CONICET), Tucuman 4000, Argentina
| | - Haruki Kitazawa
- Laboratory of Animal Food Function, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8576, Japan; (F.N.); (K.N.)
- Livestock Immunology Unit, International Education and Research Center for Food and Agricultural Immunology (CFAI), Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8576, Japan
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18
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Das TK, Kar P, Panchali T, Khatun A, Dutta A, Ghosh S, Chakrabarti S, Pradhan S, Mondal KC, Ghosh K. Anti-obesity potentiality of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum E2_MCCKT isolated from a fermented beverage, haria: a high fat diet-induced obese mice model study. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 40:168. [PMID: 38630156 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-024-03983-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Obesity is a growing epidemic worldwide. Several pharmacologic drugs are being used to treat obesity but these medicines exhibit side effects. To find out the alternatives of these drugs, we aimed to assess the probiotic properties and anti-obesity potentiality of a lactic acid bacterium E2_MCCKT, isolated from a traditional fermented rice beverage, haria. Based on the 16S rRNA sequencing, the bacterium was identified as Lactiplantibacillus plantarum E2_MCCKT. The bacterium exhibited in vitro probiotic activity in terms of high survivability in an acidic environment and 2% bile salt, moderate auto-aggregation, and hydrophobicity. Later, E2_MCCKT was applied to obese mice to prove its anti-obesity potentiality. Adult male mice (15.39 ± 0.19 g) were randomly divided into three groups (n = 5) according to the type of diet: normal diet (ND), high-fat diet (HFD), and HFD supplemented with E2_MCCKT (HFT). After four weeks of bacterial treatment on the obese mice, a significant reduction of body weight, triglyceride, and cholesterol levels, whereas, improvements in serum glucose levels were observed. The bacterial therapy led to mRNA up-regulation of lipolytic transcription factors such as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α which may increase the expression of fatty acid oxidation-related genes such as acyl-CoA oxidase and carnitine palmitoyl-transferase-1. Concomitantly, both adipocytogenesis and fatty acid synthesis were arrested as reflected by the down-regulation of sterol-regulatory element-binding protein-1c, acetyl-CoA carboxylase, and fatty acid synthase genes. In protein expression study, E2_MCCKT significantly increased IL-10 expression while decreasing pro-inflammatory cytokine (IL-1Ra and TNF-α) expression. In conclusion, the probiotic Lp. plantarum E2_MCCKT might have significant anti-obesity effects on mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tridip Kumar Das
- Department of Biological Sciences, Midnapore City College, Midnapore, 721129, West Bengal, India
- Biodiversity and Environmental Studies Research Center, Midnapore City College Affiliated to Vidyasagar University, Midnapore, West Bengal, India
| | - Priyanka Kar
- Department of Biological Sciences, Midnapore City College, Midnapore, 721129, West Bengal, India
- Biodiversity and Environmental Studies Research Center, Midnapore City College Affiliated to Vidyasagar University, Midnapore, West Bengal, India
| | - Titli Panchali
- Department of Biological Sciences, Midnapore City College, Midnapore, 721129, West Bengal, India
- Biodiversity and Environmental Studies Research Center, Midnapore City College Affiliated to Vidyasagar University, Midnapore, West Bengal, India
| | - Amina Khatun
- Department of Biological Sciences, Midnapore City College, Midnapore, 721129, West Bengal, India
- Biodiversity and Environmental Studies Research Center, Midnapore City College Affiliated to Vidyasagar University, Midnapore, West Bengal, India
| | - Ananya Dutta
- Department of Biological Sciences, Midnapore City College, Midnapore, 721129, West Bengal, India
- Biodiversity and Environmental Studies Research Center, Midnapore City College Affiliated to Vidyasagar University, Midnapore, West Bengal, India
| | - Smita Ghosh
- Department of Biological Sciences, Midnapore City College, Midnapore, 721129, West Bengal, India
- Biodiversity and Environmental Studies Research Center, Midnapore City College Affiliated to Vidyasagar University, Midnapore, West Bengal, India
| | - Sudipta Chakrabarti
- Department of Biological Sciences, Midnapore City College, Midnapore, 721129, West Bengal, India
| | - Shrabani Pradhan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Midnapore City College, Midnapore, 721129, West Bengal, India
| | - Keshab Chandra Mondal
- Department of Microbiology, Vidyasagar University, Midnapore, 721102, West Bengal, India
| | - Kuntal Ghosh
- Department of Biological Sciences, Midnapore City College, Midnapore, 721129, West Bengal, India.
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Shin SM, Park JS, Kim SB, Cho YH, Seo H, Lee HS. A 12-Week, Single-Centre, Randomised, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Parallel-Design Clinical Trial for the Evaluation of the Efficacy and Safety of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum SKO-001 in Reducing Body Fat. Nutrients 2024; 16:1137. [PMID: 38674828 PMCID: PMC11053414 DOI: 10.3390/nu16081137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2024] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
There is growing evidence linking gut microbiota to overall health, including obesity risk and associated diseases. Lactiplantibacillus plantarum SKO-001, a probiotic strain isolated from Angelica gigas, has been reported to reduce obesity by controlling the gut microbiome. In this double-blind, randomised clinical trial, we aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of SKO-001 in reducing body fat. We included 100 participants randomised into SKO-001 or placebo groups (1:1) for 12 weeks. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry was used to objectively evaluate body fat reduction. Body fat percentage (p = 0.016), body fat mass (p = 0.02), low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol levels (p = 0.025), and adiponectin levels (p = 0.023) were lower in the SKO-001 group than in the placebo group after 12 weeks of SKO-001 consumption. In the SKO-001 group, the subcutaneous fat area (p = 0.003), total cholesterol levels (p = 0.003), and leptin levels (p = 0.014) significantly decreased after 12 weeks of SKO-001 consumption compared with baseline values. Additionally, SKO-001 did not cause any severe adverse reactions. In conclusion, SKO-001 is safe and effective for reducing body fat and has the potential for further clinical testing in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seon Mi Shin
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Semyung University, Semyeong-ro 65, Jecheon-si 27136, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Su Park
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Semyung University, Semyeong-ro 65, Jecheon-si 27136, Republic of Korea;
| | - Sang Back Kim
- Food Science R&D Center, Kolmar BNH Co., Ltd., 61, Heolleung-ro 8-gil, Seocho-gu, Seoul 06800, Republic of Korea; (S.B.K.); (Y.H.C.); (H.S.); (H.S.L.)
| | - Young Hee Cho
- Food Science R&D Center, Kolmar BNH Co., Ltd., 61, Heolleung-ro 8-gil, Seocho-gu, Seoul 06800, Republic of Korea; (S.B.K.); (Y.H.C.); (H.S.); (H.S.L.)
| | - Hee Seo
- Food Science R&D Center, Kolmar BNH Co., Ltd., 61, Heolleung-ro 8-gil, Seocho-gu, Seoul 06800, Republic of Korea; (S.B.K.); (Y.H.C.); (H.S.); (H.S.L.)
| | - Hak Sung Lee
- Food Science R&D Center, Kolmar BNH Co., Ltd., 61, Heolleung-ro 8-gil, Seocho-gu, Seoul 06800, Republic of Korea; (S.B.K.); (Y.H.C.); (H.S.); (H.S.L.)
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20
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Jana S, Ghosh A, Dey A, Perveen H, Maity PP, Maji S, Chattopadhyay S. n-Butanol fraction of moringa seed attenuates arsenic intoxication by regulating the uterine inflammatory and apoptotic pathways. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:18593-18613. [PMID: 38349492 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-32213-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
The adverse effects of arsenic-chelating drugs make it essential to replace invasive chelating therapy with non-invasive oral therapy for arsenic poisoning. The goal of the current investigation was to determine whether the uterine damage caused by arsenization could be repaired by the n-butanol fraction of Moringa oleifera seed (NB). The rats were orally administered with arsenic (10 mg/kg BW) for the initial 8 days, followed by NB (50 mg/kg) for the next 8 days without arsenic. The probable existence of different components in NB was evaluated by HPLC-MS. Pro and anti-inflammatory indicators were assessed by RT-PCR and western blot. ESR-α was detected via immunostaining. Arsenic-exposed rats had significantly increased lipid peroxidation and decreased antioxidant enzyme activity, which were markedly reduced after NB treatment. Weaker ESR-α expression and distorted uterine histomorphology following arsenication were retrieved significantly by NB. Meaningful restoration by NB was also achieved for altered mRNA and protein expression of various inflammatory and apoptotic indicators. Molecular interaction predicted that glucomoringin and methyl glucosinolate of moringa interact with the catalytic site of caspase-3 in a way that limits its activity. However, NB was successful in restoring the arsenic-mediated uterine hypofunction. The glucomoringin and methyl glucosinolate present in n-butanol fraction may play a critical role in limiting apoptotic event in the arsenicated uterus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suryashis Jana
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science and Management and Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Vidyasagar University, Midnapore, 721102, West Bengal, India
| | - Angshita Ghosh
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science and Management and Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Vidyasagar University, Midnapore, 721102, West Bengal, India
| | - Arindam Dey
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science and Management and Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Vidyasagar University, Midnapore, 721102, West Bengal, India
| | - Hasina Perveen
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science and Management and Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Vidyasagar University, Midnapore, 721102, West Bengal, India
| | - Pikash Pratim Maity
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology (MLT), Haldia Institute of Health Sciences, ICARE Complex, Hatiberia, Purba Medinipur, 721657, West Bengal, India
| | - Shilpa Maji
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science and Management and Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Vidyasagar University, Midnapore, 721102, West Bengal, India
| | - Sandip Chattopadhyay
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science and Management and Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Vidyasagar University, Midnapore, 721102, West Bengal, India.
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21
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Virk MS, Virk MA, He Y, Tufail T, Gul M, Qayum A, Rehman A, Rashid A, Ekumah JN, Han X, Wang J, Ren X. The Anti-Inflammatory and Curative Exponent of Probiotics: A Comprehensive and Authentic Ingredient for the Sustained Functioning of Major Human Organs. Nutrients 2024; 16:546. [PMID: 38398870 PMCID: PMC10893534 DOI: 10.3390/nu16040546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2024] [Revised: 02/10/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Several billion microorganisms reside in the gastrointestinal lumen, including viruses, bacteria, fungi, and yeast. Among them, probiotics were primarily used to cure digestive disorders such as intestinal infections and diarrhea; however, with a paradigm shift towards alleviating health through food, their importance is large. Moreover, recent studies have changed the perspective that probiotics prevent numerous ailments in the major organs. Probiotics primarily produce biologically active compounds targeting discommodious pathogens. This review demonstrates the implications of using probiotics from different genres to prevent and alleviate ailments in the primary human organs. The findings reveal that probiotics immediately activate anti-inflammatory mechanisms by producing anti-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-4, IL-10, IL-11, and IL-13, and hindering pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1, IL-6, and TNF-α by involving regulatory T cells (Tregs) and T helper cells (Th cells). Several strains of Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Lactobacillus casei, Lactobacillus reuteri, Bifidobacterium longum, and Bifidobacterium breve have been listed among the probiotics that are excellent in alleviating various simple to complex ailments. Therefore, the importance of probiotics necessitates robust research to unveil the implications of probiotics, including the potency of strains, the optimal dosages, the combination of probiotics, their habitat in the host, the host response, and other pertinent factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Safiullah Virk
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; (M.S.V.)
| | | | - Yufeng He
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; (M.S.V.)
| | - Tabussam Tufail
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; (M.S.V.)
- University Institute of Diet and Nutritional Sciences, The University of Lahore, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Mehak Gul
- Department of Internal Medicine, Sheikh Zayed Hospital, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Qayum
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; (M.S.V.)
| | - Abdur Rehman
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; (M.S.V.)
| | - Arif Rashid
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; (M.S.V.)
| | - John-Nelson Ekumah
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; (M.S.V.)
| | - Xu Han
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; (M.S.V.)
| | - Junxia Wang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; (M.S.V.)
| | - Xiaofeng Ren
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; (M.S.V.)
- Institute of Food Physical Processing, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
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22
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Rangel-Torres BE, García-Montoya IA, Rodríguez-Tadeo A, Jiménez-Vega F. The Symbiosis Between Lactobacillus acidophilus and Inulin: Metabolic Benefits in an Obese Murine Model. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2024; 16:26-34. [PMID: 36443558 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-022-10012-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is defined as having an excess of adipose tissue and is associated with the development of diabetes, hypertension, and atherosclerosis, which are the main causes of death worldwide. Research shows that probiotics and prebiotics reduce the metabolic alterations caused by high-fat diets. Therefore, this work evaluated the effect of the incorporation of Lactobacillus acidophilus (probiotic) and inulin (prebiotic) in the diet through obesity markers (biochemical, anthropometric, and molecular markers) in an obese murine model. Four treatments were administered: (1) hypocaloric diet (HD), (2) HD + L. acidophilus, (3) HD + inulin, and (4) DH supplemented with L. acidophilus + inulin for 8 weeks. After treatment, glucose, triglycerides, total cholesterol, HDL-C, and LDL-C in plasma were determined. In addition, the total body weight and adipose tissue were taken to calculate the body mass index. Following RNA extraction from adipose tissue, the expression of PPAR gamma, PPAR alpha, and transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF1β) was evaluated by semiquantitative PCR. All treatments showed an improvement in biochemical markers compared to the values of the obese model (p < 0.05). Optimal values for blood glucose (133.2 ± 14.3 mg/dL), triglycerides (71 ± 4.6 mg/dL), total cholesterol (48.9 ± 6 mg/dL), HDL-C (40.9 ± 4.8 mg/dL), and LDL-C (8.4 ± 1.7 mg/dL) were obtained in the mixed treatment. Regarding fat mass index (FMI), prebiotic treatment caused the greatest reduction. On the other hand, mixed treatment increased the gene expression of PPARα and TGF1β in adipose tissue with DH with L. acidophilus and inulin treatment. This work demonstrates that the use of L. acidophilus and inulin as a complementary treatment is a viable alternative for prevention and action as a complementary treatment for obesity given the reduction in biochemical parameters and anthropometric indices; these reductions were greater than those found in the classic treatment of obesity due to the induction of the expression of genes related to lipid metabolism and anti-inflammatory cytokines, which contribute to reducing the high levels of glucose, triglycerides, and cholesterol caused by obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian Eduardo Rangel-Torres
- Departamento Ciencias Químico-Biológicas, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez, Ciudad Juárez, México
| | - Isui Abril García-Montoya
- Departamento Ciencias Químico-Biológicas, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez, Ciudad Juárez, México
| | - Alejandra Rodríguez-Tadeo
- Departamento de Ciencias de La Salud, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez, Ciudad Juárez, México
| | - Florinda Jiménez-Vega
- Departamento Ciencias Químico-Biológicas, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez, Ciudad Juárez, México.
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23
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He X, Gao X, Hong Y, Zhong J, Li Y, Zhu W, Ma J, Huang W, Li Y, Li Y, Wang H, Liu Z, Bao Y, Pan L, Zheng N, Sheng L, Li H. High Fat Diet and High Sucrose Intake Divergently Induce Dysregulation of Glucose Homeostasis through Distinct Gut Microbiota-Derived Bile Acid Metabolism in Mice. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:230-244. [PMID: 38079533 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c02909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
A high calorie diet such as excessive fat and sucrose intake is always accompanied by impaired glucose homeostasis such as T2DM (type 2 diabetes mellitus). However, it remains unclear how fat and sucrose individually affect host glucose metabolism. In this study, mice were fed with high fat diet (HFD) or 30% sucrose in drinking water (HSD) for 24 weeks, and glucose metabolism, gut microbiota composition, as well as bile acid (BA) profile were investigated. In addition, the functional changes of HFD or HSD-induced gut microbiota were further verified by fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) and ex vivo culture of gut bacteria with BAs. Our results showed that both HFD and HSD caused dysregulated lipid metabolism, while HFD feeding had a more severe effect on impaired glucose homeostasis, accompanied by reduced hyocholic acid (HCA) levels in all studied tissues. Meanwhile, HFD had a more dramatic influence on composition and function of gut microbiota based on α diversity indices, β diversity analysis, as well as the abundance of secondary BA producers than HSD. In addition, the phenotypes of impaired glucose homeostasis and less formation of HCA caused by HFD can be transferred to recipient mice by FMT. Ex vivo culture with gut bacteria and BAs revealed HFD-altered gut bacteria produced less HCA than HSD, which might closely associate with reduced relative abundance of C7 epimerase-coding bacteria g_norank/unclassified_f_Eggerthellaceae and bile salt hydrolase-producing bacteria Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium in HFD group. Our findings revealed that the divergent effects of different high-calorie diets on glucose metabolism may be due to the gut microbiota-mediated generation and metabolism of BAs, highlighting the importance of dietary management in T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofang He
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xinxin Gao
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Ying Hong
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Jing Zhong
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
- Huzhou Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital Huzhou University, Huzhou 313000, China
| | - Yue Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Weize Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Junli Ma
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Wenjin Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yifan Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yan Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Hao Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Zekun Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yiyang Bao
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Lingyun Pan
- Experiment Center for Science and Technology, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Ningning Zheng
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Lili Sheng
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Houkai Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
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24
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Naseem Z, Mir SA, Wani SM, Rouf MA, Bashir I, Zehra A. Probiotic-fortified fruit juices: Health benefits, challenges, and future perspective. Nutrition 2023; 115:112154. [PMID: 37536023 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2023.112154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
Consumers' growing interest in using foods that improve health has motivated researchers and the food industry to develop new functional products, such as foods containing probiotics or live microbes. Probiotics have functional attributes that could satisfy most basic nutritional and therapeutic supplementation requirements. These microbes positively respond to clinical therapies against diseases and illnesses such as rotavirus-associated diarrhea, irritable bowel syndrome, and food allergies. Moreover, the role of probiotics in the prevention and treatment of obesity, diabetes, cancer, and diseases related to pathogenic microbes is an exciting and rapidly advancing research arena. Probiotic supplementation usually involves dairy products. However, because of the growing number of individuals affected by lactose intolerance and/or vegans, other food matrices like fruits, vegetables, cereals, and so on, have been studied as potential carriers for these microorganisms, presenting an alternative and better source in the process of assessing novel probiotic strains. The present review discusses the various factors affecting the survival of probiotics during storage in fruit juices, the possible effect of probiotics on sensory attributes and the overall acceptance of the products, and future technologies to improve the viability of probiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahida Naseem
- Division of Food Science and Technology, SKUAST-K, Shalimar, Srinagar, India
| | - Sajad Ahmad Mir
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Kashmir, Hazratbal Srinagar, India
| | - Sajad Mohd Wani
- Division of Food Science and Technology, SKUAST-K, Shalimar, Srinagar, India.
| | - Molvi Abdul Rouf
- Division of Food Science and Technology, SKUAST-K, Shalimar, Srinagar, India
| | - Iqra Bashir
- Division of Food Science and Technology, SKUAST-K, Shalimar, Srinagar, India
| | - Aiman Zehra
- Division of Food Science and Technology, SKUAST-K, Shalimar, Srinagar, India
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25
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Alaei M, Aghakhani F, Falsafi S, Mazaheri H, Behrouzi A. Introduce a novel post-biotic against Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm formation using Escherchia coli Nissle1917 outer membrane vesicles. BMC Res Notes 2023; 16:201. [PMID: 37689727 PMCID: PMC10493014 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-023-06504-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic bacterial pathogen that can cause acute infections as well as chronic ones in humans. The expression of algD and PpyR genes involved in biofilm formation in clinical isolates of P. aeruginosa in the presence of Escherichia coli Nissle1917 outer membranes vesicles (EcN OMVs) was evaluated. All isolates were tested for biofilm formation. qPCR and disk diffusion were used to identify the expression of algD and PpyR genes, and antimicrobial resistance, respectively. EcN OMVs caused a more significant loss of algD and PpyR expression, compared with the control group. EcN OMVs contain a variety of biomolecules that are capable of influencing the biofilm formation genes. EcN OMVs treatment reduced P. aeruginosa biofilm formation significantly, which emphasizes their positive role in inhibiting biofilm formation. As a result, EcN OMVs can be used as new therapeutic strategies for inhibiting P. aeruginosa biofilm formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Alaei
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Science, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Aghakhani
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Science, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sarvenaz Falsafi
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Science, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hoora Mazaheri
- Department of Molecular Biology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ava Behrouzi
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Science, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
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26
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Ochôa C, Castro F, Bulhosa JF, Manso C, Fernandes JCH, Fernandes GVO. Influence of the Probiotic L. reuteri on Periodontal Clinical Parameters after Nonsurgical Treatment: A Systematic Review. Microorganisms 2023; 11:1449. [PMID: 37374951 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11061449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the actual efficacy of Lactobacillus reuteri (L. reuteri) on the periodontal clinical parameters when used concomitantly to the nonsurgical periodontal treatment. Searches were conducted through PubMed Central, Online Knowledge Library, Science Direct, Scielo, and Cochrane databases from 2012 to 2022. The focused question was "In patients with periodontitis, will the probiotic L. reuteri, when administrated as an adjunct to nonsurgical periodontal treatment, compared to the nonsurgical periodontal treatment alone, result in better clinical outcomes?" The following information was extracted from the articles: author and year of publication, type of study, follow-up, sample size and number of defects, and clinical characteristics and details. All included studies were qualitatively assessed using the Critical Appraisal tools according to the Joanna Briggs Institute. Twenty-four articles were full-text reading, but only 9 articles were included. The number of patients enrolled was 287, aged between 18 and 56 years. All periodontal parameters were evaluated. The "follow-up" varied (14, 40, 84, 90, 180, and 360 days). Most articles supported the clinical benefits of L. reuteri as an adjunct to SRP compared to SRP alone. A common finding at the beginning period was thatno statistically different results were observed between the test and control groups; otherwise, at the last period, a significant improvement was found in favor of the probiotic use (p = 0.001) for all the clinical parameters. The use of L. reuteri as an adjunct to nonsurgical periodontal treatment may result in significantly better clinical outcomes than nonsurgical periodontal treatment alone; but the conclusion must be carefully interpreted because of the heterogeneity found among the studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlota Ochôa
- FP-I3ID, FCS, Fernando Pessoa University, 4249-004 Porto, Portugal
| | - Filipe Castro
- FP-I3ID, FCS, Fernando Pessoa University, 4249-004 Porto, Portugal
| | | | - Conceição Manso
- FP-I3ID, FCS, Fernando Pessoa University, 4249-004 Porto, Portugal
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27
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Manilla V, Santopaolo F, Gasbarrini A, Ponziani FR. Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Liver Disease: Across the Gut-Liver Axis from Fibrosis to Cancer. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15112521. [PMID: 37299482 DOI: 10.3390/nu15112521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a widespread disease worldwide, and is one of the cornerstones of metabolic syndrome. The existence of a strong relationship between diabetes and the progression of liver fibrosis has been demonstrated by several studies, using invasive and noninvasive techniques. Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) show faster progression of fibrosis than patients without diabetes. Many confounding factors make it difficult to determine the exact mechanisms involved. What we know so far is that both liver fibrosis and T2DM are expressions of metabolic dysfunction, and we recognize similar risk factors. Interestingly, both are promoted by metabolic endotoxemia, a low-grade inflammatory condition caused by increased endotoxin levels and linked to intestinal dysbiosis and increased intestinal permeability. There is broad evidence on the role of the gut microbiota in the progression of liver disease, through both metabolic and inflammatory mechanisms. Therefore, dysbiosis that is associated with diabetes can act as a modifier of the natural evolution of NAFLD. In addition to diet, hypoglycemic drugs play an important role in this scenario, and their benefit is also the result of effects exerted in the gut. Here, we provide an overview of the mechanisms that explain why diabetic patients show a more rapid progression of liver disease up to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), focusing especially on those involving the gut-liver axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vittoria Manilla
- Digestive Disease Center-CEMAD, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Santopaolo
- Digestive Disease Center-CEMAD, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Gasbarrini
- Digestive Disease Center-CEMAD, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Translational Medicine and Surgery Department, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Romana Ponziani
- Digestive Disease Center-CEMAD, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Translational Medicine and Surgery Department, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
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28
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Vallianou NG, Kounatidis D, Tsilingiris D, Panagopoulos F, Christodoulatos GS, Evangelopoulos A, Karampela I, Dalamaga M. The Role of Next-Generation Probiotics in Obesity and Obesity-Associated Disorders: Current Knowledge and Future Perspectives. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076755. [PMID: 37047729 PMCID: PMC10095285 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity and obesity-associated disorders pose a major public health issue worldwide. Apart from conventional weight loss drugs, next-generation probiotics (NGPs) seem to be very promising as potential preventive and therapeutic agents against obesity. Candidate NGPs such as Akkermansia muciniphila, Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, Anaerobutyricum hallii, Bacteroides uniformis, Bacteroides coprocola, Parabacteroides distasonis, Parabacteroides goldsteinii, Hafnia alvei, Odoribacter laneus and Christensenella minuta have shown promise in preclinical models of obesity and obesity-associated disorders. Proposed mechanisms include the modulation of gut flora and amelioration of intestinal dysbiosis, improvement of intestinal barrier function, reduction in chronic low-grade inflammation and modulation of gut peptide secretion. Akkermansia muciniphila and Hafnia alvei have already been administered in overweight/obese patients with encouraging results. However, safety issues and strict regulations should be constantly implemented and updated. In this review, we aim to explore (1) current knowledge regarding NGPs; (2) their utility in obesity and obesity-associated disorders; (3) their safety profile; and (4) their therapeutic potential in individuals with overweight/obesity. More large-scale, multicentric and longitudinal studies are mandatory to explore their preventive and therapeutic potential against obesity and its related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia G. Vallianou
- Department of Internal Medicine, Evangelismos General Hospital, 45-47 Ipsilantou Street, 10676 Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitris Kounatidis
- Department of Internal Medicine, Evangelismos General Hospital, 45-47 Ipsilantou Street, 10676 Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Tsilingiris
- First Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Alexandroupolis, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Fotis Panagopoulos
- Department of Internal Medicine, Evangelismos General Hospital, 45-47 Ipsilantou Street, 10676 Athens, Greece
| | - Gerasimos Socrates Christodoulatos
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias Street, 11527 Athens, Greece
- Department of Microbiology, Sismanogleio General Hospital, 1 Sismanogleiou Street, 15126 Athens, Greece
| | - Angelos Evangelopoulos
- Roche Hellas Diagnostics S.A., 18-20 Amarousiou-Chalandriou Street, 15125 Athens, Greece
| | - Irene Karampela
- 2nd Department of Critical Care, Medical School, University of Athens, Attikon General University Hospital, 1 Rimini Street, 12462 Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Dalamaga
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias Street, 11527 Athens, Greece
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Das M, Gurusiddaiah SK. Ergosterol fraction from Agaricus bisporus modulates adipogenesis and skeletal glucose uptake in high fat diet induced obese C57BL/6 mice. Life Sci 2023; 315:121337. [PMID: 36592786 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.121337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
AIM The study aimed to optimize a method of extracting ergosterol rich concentrate (ECF) and to evaluate its significant impact on adipogenesis and associated complications in high-fat diet (HFD) induced obese mice. METHODS A comparative analysis (soxhlet and ultra sound assisted extraction) was done to obtain the highest yield of ergosterol from Agaricus bisporus. The ECF was evaluated for the biological effect on 3T3-L1 pre-adipocytes in-vitro and in male C57BL/6 mice model in-vivo. KEY FINDINGS Ultra sound assisted extraction method using the solvent n-hexane resulted in highest ergosterol yield. ECF treatment significantly reduced the differentiation and lipid accumulation in pre-adipocyte cells without any cytotoxicity. In-vivo study illustrated beneficial impact on cholesterol metabolism by down regulating the hepatic gene expression of LXR-α, HMG-CoR and up-regulating LDL-R expression. Significant increase in fecal excretion of cholesterol and bile acids have also been observed among the ECF treated animals compared to high fat diet (HFD) fed mice. ECF had an anti-adipogenic activity in-vivo mainly by inhibiting the activity of PPAR-γ, C/EBP-α and SREBP-1c. The results also depicted the improvement of obesity associated insulin resistance by ECF treatment manly via decrease in plasma resistin and up-regulation in skeletal GLUT4 protein expression. SIGNIFICANCE Our study illustrated diverse activity of ECF in the therapeutic management of obesity associated metabolic complications mainly by reducing adipogenesis and improving glucose uptake in skeletal muscle in conjunction with improved cholesterol metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moumita Das
- Department of Biochemistry, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore 570 020, Karnataka, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Suresh Kumar Gurusiddaiah
- Department of Biochemistry, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore 570 020, Karnataka, India.
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Choi MJ, Yu H, Kim JI, Seo H, Kim JG, Kim SK, Lee HS, Cheon HG. Anti-obesity effects of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum SKO-001 in high-fat diet-induced obese mice. Eur J Nutr 2023; 62:1611-1622. [PMID: 36729332 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-023-03096-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Previous reports showed that some probiotics provide beneficial effects on various diseases including metabolic disorders. This study aimed to investigate the anti-obesity effects of Lactiplantibacillus (L.) plantarum SKO-001 (SKO-001), a probiotic strain newly isolated from Angelica gigas. METHODS C57BL/6J mice were fed with high-fat diet (HFD, 60% fat) for four weeks, and then different doses of SKO-001 (n = 10 each group) were orally given for 12 weeks. Following treatment, body weight, fat weight, serum parameters and adipose and liver tissues were analyzed. RESULTS SKO-001 (2 × 1010 CFU/day, per os) reduced body weight gain after 10th week of administration, accompanied by a reduction in body fat mass of mice. In the SKO-001-fed group, increased serum adiponectin, decreased leptin, insulin, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, free fatty acids, and triglyceride levels were observed. Hematoxylin and eosin staining of various fat depots showed that increased adipocyte size caused by HFD intake was markedly reduced and correlated with reduced mRNA levels of lipogenesis genes, including sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma, and CCAAT/enhancer binding protein alpha, and increased uncoupling protein 1 levels. Similarly, SKO-001 reduced lipid accumulation, decreased the mRNA levels of lipogenic genes, and reduced α-smooth muscle actin and collagen type 1 alpha 1 levels in the liver. CONCLUSIONS SKO-001 ameliorates obesity and related metabolic abnormalities in adipose and liver tissues, possibly via the regulation of lipid metabolism. Based on the results of the present study, SKO-001 may be applicable as an anti-obesity therapeutic or functional food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi Jin Choi
- Department of Pharmacology, Gachon University School of Medicine, Incheon, 21999, Republic of Korea
| | - Hana Yu
- Department of Pharmacology, Gachon University School of Medicine, Incheon, 21999, Republic of Korea
| | - Jea Il Kim
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, GAIHST, Incheon, 21999, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Seo
- Food Science R&D Center, Kolmar BNH CO., LTD, 61, Heolleung-ro 8-gil, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 06800, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju Gyeong Kim
- Food Science R&D Center, Kolmar BNH CO., LTD, 61, Heolleung-ro 8-gil, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 06800, Republic of Korea
| | - Seul-Ki Kim
- Food Science R&D Center, Kolmar BNH CO., LTD, 61, Heolleung-ro 8-gil, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 06800, Republic of Korea
| | - Hak Sung Lee
- Food Science R&D Center, Kolmar BNH CO., LTD, 61, Heolleung-ro 8-gil, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 06800, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyae Gyeong Cheon
- Department of Pharmacology, Gachon University School of Medicine, Incheon, 21999, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, GAIHST, Incheon, 21999, Republic of Korea.
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31
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Ban OH, Lee M, Bang WY, Nam EH, Jeon HJ, Shin M, Yang J, Jung YH. Bifidobacterium lactis IDCC 4301 Exerts Anti-Obesity Effects in High-Fat Diet-Fed Mice Model by Regulating Lipid Metabolism. Mol Nutr Food Res 2023; 67:e2200385. [PMID: 36517937 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202200385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE Chronic hypernutrition promotes lipid accumulation in the body and excessive lipid accumulation leads to obesity. An increase in the number and size of adipocytes, a characteristic of obesity is closely associated with adipose dysfunction. Recent in vitro and in vivo studies have shown that probiotics may prevent this dysfunction by regulating lipid metabolism. However, the mechanisms of action of probiotics in obesity are not fully understood and their usage for treating obesity remains limited. METHODS AND RESULTS Bifidobacterium lactis IDCC 4301 is selected for its anti-obesity potential after evaluating inhibitory activity of pancreatic lipase and cholesterol reducing activity. Next, this study investigates the roles of B. lactis IDCC 4301 on lipid metabolism in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes and high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice. B. lactis IDCC 4301 inhibits cell differentiation and lipid accumulation by suppressing the expression of adipogenic enzymes in 3T3-L1 cells. Moreover, the administration of B. lactis IDCC 4301 decreases body and adipose tissue weight, improves serum lipid levels, and downregulates adipogenic mRNA expression in HFD-fed mice. Additionally, metabolomic analysis suggests that 2-ketobutyrate should be a possible target compound against obesity. CONCLUSIONS B. lactis IDCC 4301 may be used as an alternative treatment for obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- O-Hyun Ban
- Ildong Bioscience, Pyeongtaek-si, Gyeonggi-do, 17957, Republic of Korea.,School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Minjee Lee
- Ildong Bioscience, Pyeongtaek-si, Gyeonggi-do, 17957, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Yeong Bang
- Ildong Bioscience, Pyeongtaek-si, Gyeonggi-do, 17957, Republic of Korea
| | - Eoun Ho Nam
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Inha University, Incheon, 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeon Ji Jeon
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Minhye Shin
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Inha University, Incheon, 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Jungwoo Yang
- Ildong Bioscience, Pyeongtaek-si, Gyeonggi-do, 17957, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Hoon Jung
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
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32
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Lin D, Sun Q, Liu Z, Pan J, Zhu J, Wang S, Jia S, Zheng M, Li X, Gong F. Gut microbiota and bile acids partially mediate the improvement of fibroblast growth factor 21 on methionine-choline-deficient diet-induced non-alcoholic fatty liver disease mice. Free Radic Biol Med 2023; 195:199-218. [PMID: 36586452 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2022.12.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is characterized by hepatic steatosis, inflammation, and fibrosis, as well as gut dysbiosis. Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21), which regulates glucose and lipid metabolism, has been proven to have a good effect on NAFLD. However, the modulating process between FGF21 and gut microbiota remains unclear in treating NAFLD. Here, the fecal microbiota composition of 30 patients with NAFLD who had undergone liver biopsy and 29 matched healthy participants were studied, together with the fecal bile acid (BA) profile. Treatment with FGF21 was given in methionine-choline-deficient (MCD) diet-induced NAFLD model C57BL/6 mice. An antibiotic cocktail and fecal microbiota transplantation were used to further confirm the benefits of FGF21 that were partially attributable to the change in gut microbiota. Patients with NAFLD had higher serum FGF21 levels and dysregulated fecal microbiota compositions and fecal BA profiles. In NAFLD mice, FGF21 significantly reduced steatohepatitis and collagen deposition in vivo and restored intestinal structure. FGF21 treatment also changed gut microbiota composition and regulated dysbiosis in BA metabolism. After treatment with an antibiotic cocktail, FGF21 partially alleviated hepatic and intestinal damage in NAFLD mice. Furthermore, fecal microbiota transplantation from FGF21-treated mice showed benefits similar to FGF21 therapy. The improvement using FGF21 in MCD diet-induced NAFLD mice is partially mediated via gut microbiota and BA. Gut microbiota-regulated BA metabolism may be a potential target of FGF21 in improving NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danfeng Lin
- Department of Ultrasonography, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China; School of Pharmacy, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Qiyan Sun
- School of Pharmacy, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Zhaoyang Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Jiaxuan Pan
- School of Pharmacy, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Jing Zhu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Shangwen Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Sining Jia
- School of Pharmacy, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Minghua Zheng
- Department of Hepatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China.
| | - Xiaokun Li
- School of Pharmacy, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China.
| | - Fanghua Gong
- School of Pharmacy, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China.
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33
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Kim YI, Lee ES, Song EJ, Shin DU, Eom JE, Shin HS, Kim JE, Oh JY, Nam YD, Lee SY. Lacticaseibacillus paracasei AO356 ameliorates obesity by regulating adipogenesis and thermogenesis in C57BL/6J male mice. J Funct Foods 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2023.105404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
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Anti-obesity potential of heat-killed Lactiplantibacillus plantarum K8 in 3T3-L1 cells and high-fat diet mice. Heliyon 2023; 9:e12926. [PMID: 36699277 PMCID: PMC9868538 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e12926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Probiotics exert anti-obesity effects in high-fat diet (HFD) obese mice, but there are few studies on anti-obesity using heat-killed probiotics. Here, we investigated the effect of heat-killed Lactiplantibacillus plantarum K8 (K8HK) on the anti-differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes and on anti-obesity in HFD mice. K8HK decreased triglyceride (TG) accumulation in 3T3-L1 cells. Specifically, 1 × 109 CFU/mL K8HK showed the greatest anti-obesity effect, while the same concentration of live L. plantarum K8 (K8 Live) showed cytotoxicity. K8HK increased suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS)-1, which might affect the JAK2-STAT3 signaling pathway activated during differentiation. As a result, the levels of transcription factors of adipogenesis such as Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) and CCAAT/enhancer binding protein α (C/EBPα) decreased in K8HK-treated cells. We also observed a decrease in the lipogenic enzymes and fatty acid binding protein 4 (FABP4). In the mouse study, oral ingestion of K8 Live and K8HK showed weight reduction and decrease in blood TG content at 12 weeks of feeding. In addition, TG synthesis was suppressed in liver and adipose tissues, and genes related to fat metabolism were suppressed. This study suggests that K8HK could be a good material to prevent obesity by inhibiting adipogenesis genes related to fat metabolism.
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35
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Ousey J, Boktor JC, Mazmanian SK. Gut microbiota suppress feeding induced by palatable foods. Curr Biol 2023; 33:147-157.e7. [PMID: 36450285 PMCID: PMC9839363 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2022.10.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Feeding behaviors depend on intrinsic and extrinsic factors including genetics, food palatability, and the environment.1,2,3,4,5 The gut microbiota is a major environmental contributor to host physiology and impacts feeding behavior.6,7,8,9,10,11,12 Here, we explored the hypothesis that gut bacteria influence behavioral responses to palatable foods and reveal that antibiotic depletion (ABX) of the gut microbiota in mice results in overconsumption of several palatable foods with conserved effects on feeding dynamics. Gut microbiota restoration via fecal transplant into ABX mice is sufficient to rescue overconsumption of high-sucrose pellets. Operant conditioning tests found that ABX mice exhibit intensified motivation to pursue high-sucrose rewards. Accordingly, neuronal activity in mesolimbic brain regions, which have been linked with motivation and reward-seeking behavior,3 was elevated in ABX mice after consumption of high-sucrose pellets. Differential antibiotic treatment and functional microbiota transplants identified specific gut bacterial taxa from the family S24-7 and the genus Lactobacillus whose abundances associate with suppression of high-sucrose pellet consumption. Indeed, colonization of mice with S24-7 and Lactobacillus johnsonii was sufficient to reduce overconsumption of high-sucrose pellets in an antibiotic-induced model of binge eating. These results demonstrate that extrinsic influences from the gut microbiota can suppress the behavioral response toward palatable foods in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Ousey
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, 1200 E California Blvd, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.
| | - Joseph C Boktor
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, 1200 E California Blvd, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - Sarkis K Mazmanian
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, 1200 E California Blvd, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.
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36
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Kim HR, Seo E, Oh S, Seo M, Byun K, Kim BY. Anti-Obesity Effects of Multi-Strain Probiotics in Mice with High-Carbohydrate Diet-Induced Obesity and the Underlying Molecular Mechanisms. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14235173. [PMID: 36501204 PMCID: PMC9739441 DOI: 10.3390/nu14235173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Overconsumption of highly refined carbohydrates contributes significantly to the current obesity pandemics. Probiotic administration protects against weight gain in animals fed a high-fat diet (HFD). Nonetheless, the anti-obesity effects of probiotics in a high-carbohydrate diet (HCD)-induced obesity models are not well elucidated. Herein, C57BL/6N male mice were fed an HCD (70% kcal carbohydrate) for 12 weeks and were orally treated with multi-strain probiotics (MSPs) at 1010 CFU or saline every day for 6 weeks. MSPs contained Lactobacillus acidophilus DSM 24936, Lactiplantibacillus plantarum DSM 24937, and Limosilactobacillus reuteri DSM 25175. MSPs treatment not only ameliorated weight gain but also modulated the body fat composition altered by HCD. The MSPs also attenuated the expression of adipogenesis- and lipogenesis-related genes in HCD-fed mice. In addition, MSPs promoted the expression of lipolysis- and fatty acid oxidation-promoting factors in HCD-fed mice. Furthermore, MSPs modulated the expression of thermogenesis-related genes and the serum levels of obesity-related hormones altered by HCD. Treatment with MSPs positively reversed the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio, which is associated with a risk of obesity. Hence, this study explores the multifaceted anti-obesity mechanisms of MSPs and highlights their potential to be used as effective weight-management products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye Rim Kim
- CH Labs Corp., Seoul 07249, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunsol Seo
- CH Labs Corp., Seoul 07249, Republic of Korea
| | - Seyeon Oh
- Functional Cellular Networks Laboratory, Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon 21999, Republic of Korea
| | - MinYeong Seo
- Shinwoo Co., Ltd., Changwon 14067, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyunghee Byun
- Functional Cellular Networks Laboratory, Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon 21999, Republic of Korea
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon 21936, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: (K.B.); (B.-Y.K.); Tel.: +82-8-6292-9107 (B.-Y.K.)
| | - Byung-Yong Kim
- CH Labs Corp., Seoul 07249, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: (K.B.); (B.-Y.K.); Tel.: +82-8-6292-9107 (B.-Y.K.)
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Yang SY, Yoon KS. Effect of Probiotic Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) on the Quality and Safety of Greek Yogurt. Foods 2022; 11:foods11233799. [PMID: 36496607 PMCID: PMC9740215 DOI: 10.3390/foods11233799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Greek yogurt is a strained yogurt with a high protein content that brings nutritional benefits. To enhance the functional benefits of Greek yogurt, Greek yogurt was prepared with various combinations of probiotic lactic acid bacteria (LAB) (Streptococcus thermophilus, Lactobacillus bulgaricus, Lactobacillus gasseri BNR17, and Lactobacillus plantarum HY7714). Effects of probiotic LAB on quality, sensory, and microbiological characteristics of Greek yogurt were then compared. Among samples, Greek yogurt fermented by S. thermophilus and L. bulgaricus showed the highest changes of pH and titratable acidity during 21 d of storage at 4 °C. Greek yogurt fermented with L. plantarum HY7714 had a higher viscosity than other samples. Greek yogurt fermented with S. thermophilus, L. bulgaricus, L. gasseri BNR17, and L. plantarum HY7714 showed superior physicochemical properties and received the highest preference score from sensory evaluation among samples. Overall, the population of enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) was more effectively reduced in Greek yogurt fermented with probiotic LAB than in commercial Greek yogurt during storage at 4, 10, and 25 °C. Thus, the addition of L. gasseri BNR17 and L. plantarum HY7714 as starter cultures could enhance the microbial safety of Greek yogurt and sensory acceptance by consumers.
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Affiliation(s)
- So-Young Yang
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Sun Yoon
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
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Kim S, Lee JY, Park JY, Kim Y, Kang CH. Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus MG4706 Suppresses Periodontitis in Osteoclasts, Inflammation-Inducing Cells, and Ligature-Induced Rats. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14224869. [PMID: 36432555 PMCID: PMC9694000 DOI: 10.3390/nu14224869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by tooth loss due to inflammation and the loss of alveolar bone. Periodontitis is closely related to various systemic diseases and is emerging as a global health problem. In this study, we investigated the anti-inflammatory effect of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in vitro on Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) LPS-activated RAW264.7 and human gingival fibroblasts-1 (HGF-1) cells and the anti-osteoclastogenic effect of LAB on RANKL-induced RAW264.7 cells. All LAB strains (Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus MG4706, MG4709, and MG4711) inhibited nitric oxide (NO)/inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in P. gingivalis LPS-activated RAW264.7 cells and pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β and IL-6) and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP-8 and MMP-9) in HGF-1 cells. In addition, LAB treatment inhibited osteoclastogenesis by reducing tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) activity and cathepsin K (CtsK) through the downregulation of nuclear factor of activated T cells cytoplasmic 1 (NFATc1) and c-fos gene expression in RANKL-induced RAW264.7 cells. Administration of MG4706 alleviated alveolar bone loss indices and reduced the gene expression of IL-1β, IL-6, MMP-8, MMP-9, and RANKL/OPG ratio in gingival tissue. In conclusion, L. rhamnosus MG4706 has the potential to alleviate periodontitis.
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Kim G, Yoon Y, Park JH, Park JW, Noh MG, Kim H, Park C, Kwon H, Park JH, Kim Y, Sohn J, Park S, Kim H, Im SK, Kim Y, Chung HY, Nam MH, Kwon JY, Kim IY, Kim YJ, Baek JH, Kim HS, Weinstock GM, Cho B, Lee C, Fang S, Park H, Seong JK. Bifidobacterial carbohydrate/nucleoside metabolism enhances oxidative phosphorylation in white adipose tissue to protect against diet-induced obesity. MICROBIOME 2022; 10:188. [PMID: 36333752 PMCID: PMC9635107 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-022-01374-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/18/2022] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Comparisons of the gut microbiome of lean and obese humans have revealed that obesity is associated with the gut microbiome plus changes in numerous environmental factors, including high-fat diet (HFD). Here, we report that two species of Bifidobacterium are crucial to controlling metabolic parameters in the Korean population. RESULTS Based on gut microbial analysis from 99 Korean individuals, we observed the abundance of Bifidobacterium longum and Bifidobacterium bifidum was markedly reduced in individuals with increased visceral adipose tissue (VAT), body mass index (BMI), blood triglyceride (TG), and fatty liver. Bacterial transcriptomic analysis revealed that carbohydrate/nucleoside metabolic processes of Bifidobacterium longum and Bifidobacterium bifidum were associated with protecting against diet-induced obesity. Oral treatment of specific commercial Bifidobacterium longum and Bifidobacterium bifidum enhanced bile acid signaling contributing to potentiate oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) in adipose tissues, leading to reduction of body weight gain and improvement in hepatic steatosis and glucose homeostasis. Bifidobacterium longum or Bifidobacterium bifidum manipulated intestinal sterol biosynthetic processes to protect against diet-induced obesity in germ-free mice. CONCLUSIONS Our findings support the notion that treatment of carbohydrate/nucleoside metabolic processes-enriched Bifidobacterium longum and Bifidobacterium bifidum would be a novel therapeutic strategy for reprograming the host metabolic homeostasis to protect against metabolic syndromes, including diet-induced obesity. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gihyeon Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, Korea
- Genome and Company, Pangyo-ro 255, Bundang-gu, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Youngmin Yoon
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Chosun University Hospital, Chosun University School of Medicine, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Jin Ho Park
- Department of Family Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae Won Park
- Genome and Company, Pangyo-ro 255, Bundang-gu, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Myung-Guin Noh
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, Korea
| | - Hyun Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, Korea
| | - Changho Park
- Genome and Company, Pangyo-ro 255, Bundang-gu, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Hyuktae Kwon
- Department of Family Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | | | - Yena Kim
- Genome and Company, Pangyo-ro 255, Bundang-gu, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Jinyoung Sohn
- Genome and Company, Pangyo-ro 255, Bundang-gu, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Shinyoung Park
- Genome and Company, Pangyo-ro 255, Bundang-gu, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Hyeonhui Kim
- Graduate school of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sun-Kyoung Im
- Graduate school of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yeongmin Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, Korea
| | - Ha Yung Chung
- Korea Basic Science Institute, Seoul Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Myung Hee Nam
- Korea Basic Science Institute, Seoul Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jee Young Kwon
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut, 06032, USA
| | - Il Yong Kim
- Laboratory of Developmental Biology and Genomics, BK21 Plus Program for Advanced Veterinary Science and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
- Korea Mouse Phenotyping Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yong Jae Kim
- Korea Mouse Phenotyping Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji Hyeon Baek
- Korea Mouse Phenotyping Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hak Su Kim
- Korea Mouse Phenotyping Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - George M Weinstock
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut, 06032, USA
| | - Belong Cho
- Department of Family Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Charles Lee
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut, 06032, USA
- Department of Life Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 03760, Korea
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Sungsoon Fang
- Graduate school of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Hansoo Park
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, Korea.
- Genome and Company, Pangyo-ro 255, Bundang-gu, Seongnam, Korea.
| | - Je Kyung Seong
- Laboratory of Developmental Biology and Genomics, BK21 Plus Program for Advanced Veterinary Science and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.
- Korea Mouse Phenotyping Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.
- Interdisciplinary Program for Bioinformatics, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.
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40
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Araujo R, Borges-Canha M, Pimentel-Nunes P. Microbiota Modulation in Patients with Metabolic Syndrome. Nutrients 2022; 14:4490. [PMID: 36364752 PMCID: PMC9658393 DOI: 10.3390/nu14214490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 07/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MS) comprises a vast range of metabolic dysfunctions, which can be associated to cardiovascular disease risk factors. MS is reaching pandemic levels worldwide and it currently affects around 25% in the adult population of developed countries. The definition states for the diagnosis of MS may be clear, but it is also relevant to interpret the patient data and realize whether similar criteria were used by different clinicians. The different criteria explain, at least in part, the controversies on the theme. Several studies are presently focusing on the microbiota changes according to the components of MS. It is widely accepted that the gut microbiota is a regulator of metabolic homeostasis, being the gut microbiome in MS described as dysbiotic and certain taxonomic groups associated to metabolic changes. Probiotics, and more recently synbiotics, arise as promising therapeutic alternatives that can mitigate some metabolic disturbances, namely by correcting the microbiome and bringing homeostasis to the gut. The most recent studies were revised and the promising results and perspectives revealed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Araujo
- Nephrology & Infectious Diseases R&D Group, i3S—Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- INEB—Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Marta Borges-Canha
- Department of Surgery and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de São João, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
| | - Pedro Pimentel-Nunes
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de São João, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
- RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network, IPO Porto), Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center (Porto CCC), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
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41
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Saha S, Rahman SMN, Alam NN. The role of probiotic supplementation on insulin resistance in obesity associated diabetes: A mini review. Biomedicine (Taipei) 2022. [DOI: 10.51248/.v42i4.1359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity and diabetes are two metabolic disorders linked by an inflammatory process named insulin resistance (IR). Various research on the role of gut microbiota in developing obesity and its associated disorders has led to the growing interest in probiotic supplementation. Considering the life-threatening complications of diabesity this mini review explored the effects of probiotic supplementation on IR in obesity associated diabetes. This review is based on recent articles from 2005-2020, studying the role of probiotic supplementation on glucose and insulin parameters in healthy and diabetic mouse model. Probiotic supplementation altered the gut microbiota composition, increased short chain fatty acid production, and decreased pro inflammatory cytokines. Additionally, they decreased intestinal permeability, circulating lipopolysaccharides and metabolic endotoxemia, hence improved insulin sensitivity and reduced obesity. Although multi-strain probiotic supplementation showed greater benefits than single strain interventions, variations in the concentration of probiotics used and the duration of treatment also influenced the results. Probiotic supplementation could manipulate the gut microbiota by reducing intestinal permeability, inflammation and ameliorate IR and obesity associated diabetes in animal models which requires further long-term clinical studies in humans.
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Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor α Has a Protective Effect on Fatty Liver Caused by Excessive Sucrose Intake. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10092199. [PMID: 36140300 PMCID: PMC9496554 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10092199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Sterol regulatory element binding protein (SREBP)-1c is a transcription factor that regulates lipid synthesis from glucose in the liver. It is activated by sucrose, which activates the fatty acid synthesis pathway. On the other hand, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) α regulates the transcription of several genes encoding enzymes involved in fatty acid β-oxidation in the liver. To evaluate the beneficial effects of PPARα on fatty liver caused by excessive sucrose intake, we investigated the molecular mechanisms related to the development of fatty liver in PPARα-deficient mice that were fed a high-sucrose diet (Suc). The SREBP-1c target gene expression was increased by sucrose intake, leading to the development of fatty liver. Furthermore, PPARα−/− mice developed severe fatty liver. Male and female PPARα−/− mice fed Suc showed 3.7- and 3.1-fold higher liver fat content than Suc-fed male and female wild-type mice, respectively. Thus, PPARα may work to prevent the development of fatty liver caused by excessive sucrose intake. Liver TG accumulation differed between male and female PPARα−/− mice. A possible explanation is that male mice show the increased expression of Pparγ, which usually contributes to triglyceride synthesis in the liver, to compensate for Pparα deficiency. In contrast, female wild-type mice inherently have low Pparα levels. Thus, Pparα deficiency has less pronounced effects in female mice. A diet that activates PPARα may be effective for preventing the development of fatty liver due to excessive sucrose intake.
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Mattar P, Toledo-Valenzuela L, Hernández-Cáceres MP, Peña-Oyarzún D, Morselli E, Perez-Leighton C. Integrating the effects of sucrose intake on the brain and white adipose tissue: Could autophagy be a possible link? Obesity (Silver Spring) 2022; 30:1143-1155. [PMID: 35578809 DOI: 10.1002/oby.23411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Excess dietary sucrose is associated with obesity and metabolic diseases. This relationship is driven by the malfunction of several cell types and tissues critical for the regulation of energy balance, including hypothalamic neurons and white adipose tissue (WAT). However, the mechanisms behind these effects of dietary sucrose are still unclear and might be independent of increased adiposity. Accumulating evidence has indicated that dysregulation of autophagy, a fundamental process for maintenance of cellular homeostasis, alters energy metabolism in hypothalamic neurons and WAT, but whether autophagy could mediate the detrimental effects of dietary sucrose on hypothalamic neurons and WAT that contribute to weight gain is a matter of debate. In this review, we examine the hypothesis that dysregulated autophagy in hypothalamic neurons and WAT is an adiposity-independent effect of sucrose that contributes to increased body weight gain. We propose that excess dietary sucrose leads to autophagy unbalance in hypothalamic neurons and WAT, which increases caloric intake and body weight, favoring the emergence of obesity and metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pamela Mattar
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Lilian Toledo-Valenzuela
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - María Paz Hernández-Cáceres
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Institute for Research in Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Daniel Peña-Oyarzún
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Institute for Research in Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Interdisciplinary Center for Research in Territorial Health of the Aconcagua Valley (CIISTe Aconcagua, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, San Felipe Campus, University of Valparaiso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Eugenia Morselli
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Claudio Perez-Leighton
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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44
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Glucocorticosteroids and the Risk of NAFLD in Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Can J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2022; 2022:4344905. [PMID: 35600209 PMCID: PMC9117063 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4344905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Each year, the incidence of nonalcoholic fatty liver (NAFLD) disease increases. NAFLD is a chronic disease. One of the most common causes of NAFLD is an inadequate lifestyle, which is characterized by a lack or low physical activity and eating highly processed foods rich in saturated fat and salt and containing low amount of fiber. Moreover, disturbances in intestinal microbiome and the use of certain drugs may predispose to NAFLD. NAFLD is an increasingly described disease in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Recent data also indicate a frequent coexistence of metabolic syndrome in this group of patients. Certain groups of drugs also increase the risk of developing inflammation, liver fibrosis, and cirrhosis. Particularly important in the development of NAFLD are steroids, which are used in the treatment of many diseases, for example, IBD. NAFLD is one of the most frequent parenteral manifestations of the disease in IBD patients. However, there is still insufficient information on what dose and exposure time of selected types of steroids may lead to the development of NAFLD. It is necessary to conduct further research in this direction. Therefore, patients with IBD should be constantly monitored for risk factors for the development of NAFLD.
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Foster-Nyarko E, Pallen MJ. The microbial ecology of Escherichia coli in the vertebrate gut. FEMS Microbiol Rev 2022; 46:fuac008. [PMID: 35134909 PMCID: PMC9075585 DOI: 10.1093/femsre/fuac008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Escherichia coli has a rich history as biology's 'rock star', driving advances across many fields. In the wild, E. coli resides innocuously in the gut of humans and animals but is also a versatile pathogen commonly associated with intestinal and extraintestinal infections and antimicrobial resistance-including large foodborne outbreaks such as the one that swept across Europe in 2011, killing 54 individuals and causing approximately 4000 infections and 900 cases of haemolytic uraemic syndrome. Given that most E. coli are harmless gut colonizers, an important ecological question plaguing microbiologists is what makes E. coli an occasionally devastating pathogen? To address this question requires an enhanced understanding of the ecology of the organism as a commensal. Here, we review how our knowledge of the ecology and within-host diversity of this organism in the vertebrate gut has progressed in the 137 years since E. coli was first described. We also review current approaches to the study of within-host bacterial diversity. In closing, we discuss some of the outstanding questions yet to be addressed and prospects for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ebenezer Foster-Nyarko
- Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UQ, United Kingdom
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, United Kingdom
- Department of Infection Biology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London WC1E 7HT, United Kingdom
| | - Mark J Pallen
- Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UQ, United Kingdom
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, GU2 7AL, United Kingdom
- School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7TU, United Kingdom
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46
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Lee S, Park HO, Yoo W. Anti-Melanogenic and Antioxidant Effects of Cell-Free Supernatant from Lactobacillus gasseri BNR17. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10040788. [PMID: 35456838 PMCID: PMC9027439 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10040788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, there has been considerable interest in the use of cell-free supernatant of probiotics culture for nutritional and functional applications. In this study, we investigated the effect of the cell-free supernatant from Lactobacillus gasseri BNR17 (CFS) on anti-melanogenesis and reducing oxidative stress in B16-F10 murine melanoma cells and HaCaT human keratinocytes. Treatment with CFS significantly inhibited the production of extracellular and intracellular melanin without cytotoxicity during melanogenesis induced by the α-MSH in B16-F10 cells. The CFS dramatically reduced tyrosinase activity and the melanogenesis-related gene expression. Further, it showed antioxidative effects in a dose-dependent manner in DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl-hydrate) assays and significantly increased the mRNA levels of HO-1 and CAT in HaCaT cells. Furthermore, the CFS increased HO-1 and anti-oxidative-related gene expression during H2O2-induced oxidative stress in HaCaT cells. Together, this study suggests that the CFS reduces hyperpigmentation and inhibits oxidative stress, and thus can be used as a potential skincare product in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sol Lee
- AceBiome Inc., Seoul 06164, Korea; (S.L.); (H.-O.P.)
- R&D Center, AceBiome Inc., Daejeon 34013, Korea
| | - Han-Oh Park
- AceBiome Inc., Seoul 06164, Korea; (S.L.); (H.-O.P.)
- R&D Center, AceBiome Inc., Daejeon 34013, Korea
- siRNAgen Therapeutics, Daejeon 34302, Korea
- Bioneer Corporation, Daejeon 34302, Korea
| | - Wonbeak Yoo
- AceBiome Inc., Seoul 06164, Korea; (S.L.); (H.-O.P.)
- R&D Center, AceBiome Inc., Daejeon 34013, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-42-335-6020
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Nam Y, Yoon S, Baek J, Kim JH, Park M, Hwang K, Kim W. Heat-Killed Lactiplantibacillus plantarum LRCC5314 Mitigates the Effects of Stress-Related Type 2 Diabetes in Mice via Gut Microbiome Modulation. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2022; 32:324-332. [PMID: 34949748 PMCID: PMC9628852 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.2111.11008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The incidence of stress-related type 2 diabetes (stress-T2D), which is aggravated by physiological stress, is increasing annually. The effects of Lactobacillus, a key component of probiotics, have been widely studied in diabetes; however, studies on the effects of postbiotics are still limited. Here, we aimed to examine the mechanism through which heat-killed Lactiplantibacillus plantarum LRCC5314 (HK-LRCC5314) alleviates stress-T2D in a cold-induced stress-T2D C57BL/6 mouse model. HK-LRCC5314 markedly decreased body weight gain, adipose tissue (neck, subcutaneous, and epididymal) weight, and fasting glucose levels. In the adipose tissue, mRNA expression levels of stress-T2D associated factors (NPY, Y2R, GLUT4, adiponectin, and leptin) and pro-inflammatory factors (TNF-α, IL-6, and CCL-2) were also altered. Furthermore, HK-LRCC5314 increased the abundance of Barnesiella, Alistipes, and butyrate-producing bacteria, including Akkermansia, in feces and decreased the abundance of Ruminococcus, Dorea, and Clostridium. Thus, these findings suggest that HK-LRCC5314 exerts protective effects against stress-T2D via gut microbiome modulation, suggesting its potential as a supplement for managing stress-T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- YoHan Nam
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Seokmin Yoon
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea,Lotte R&D Center, Seoul 07594, Republic of Korea
| | - Jihye Baek
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Hwa Kim
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Miri Park
- Lotte R&D Center, Seoul 07594, Republic of Korea
| | - KwangWoo Hwang
- College of Pharmacy, Chung‐Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Wonyong Kim
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea,Corresponding author Phone: +82-2-820-5685 Fax: +82-2-822-5685 E-mail:
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48
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Zhang Y, Ding Y, Guo Q. Probiotic Species in the Management of Periodontal Diseases: An Overview. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:806463. [PMID: 35402306 PMCID: PMC8990095 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.806463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Periodontal diseases are one of the most common chronic inflammatory diseases of the oral cavity, which are initiated and sustained by pathogenic plaque biofilms. Central to modern periodontology is the idea that dysbiosis of periodontal microecology and disorder of host inflammatory response gives rise to degradation of periodontal tissues together, which eventually leads to tooth loss, seriously affecting the life quality of patients. Probiotics were originally used to treat intestinal diseases, while in recent years, extensive studies have been exploring the utilization of probiotics in oral disease treatment and oral healthcare. Probiotic bacteria derived from the genera Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, Streptococcus, and Weissella are found to play an effective role in the prevention and treatment of periodontal diseases via regulating periodontal microbiota or host immune responses. Here, we review the research status of periodontal health-promoting probiotic species and their regulatory effects. The current issues on the effectiveness and safety of probiotics in the management of periodontal diseases are also discussed at last. Taken together, the use of probiotics is a promising approach to prevent and treat periodontal diseases. Nevertheless, their practical use for periodontal health needs further research and exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuwei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Periodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yi Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Periodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiang Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Qiang Guo,
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Lee HJ, Cho JH, Cho WJ, Gang SH, Park SH, Jung BJ, Kim HB, Song KH. Effects of Synbiotic Preparation Containing Lactobacillus gasseri BNR17 on Body Fat in Obese Dogs: A Pilot Study. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12050642. [PMID: 35268209 PMCID: PMC8909091 DOI: 10.3390/ani12050642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The present study evaluated the effectiveness of a synbiotic preparation containing L. gasseri BNR17 on body fat in obese dogs. Body weight and the body condition score showed a significant reduction after 10 weeks of synbiotic preparation administration compared with those at baseline (0-week). The subcutaneous fat mass at the level of the third lumbar vertebra and its proportion, compared with the body mass, reduced significantly after 10 weeks of synbiotic preparation administration, compared with those at baseline. Following synbiotic supplementation, microbiome analysis revealed increased microbial diversity, and functional analysis of the microbiota showed an increased abundance of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. Based on these results, we consider that synbiotic preparation containing L. gasseri BNR17 may play a role in reducing body fat and resolving obesity. Abstract Obesity is an important health concern in humans and dogs. It can cause a variety of secondary problems, including low bacterial diversity. Several approaches have been tried to solve this problem; one of them is probiotic supplementation. Lactobacillus gasseri BNR17 is derived from breast milk and has been proven to be effective for obesity in humans. However, there have been no studies using a synbiotic preparation containing L. gasseri BNR17 for obesity management in dogs. Therefore, the present study evaluated the effectiveness of a synbiotic preparation containing L. gasseri BNR17 in reducing body fat in obese dogs. A group of obese dogs were fed a synbiotic preparation for 10 weeks. Obesity variables included body weight, body condition score, subcutaneous fat thickness, subcutaneous fat mass and proportion of the fat mass. In addition, feces collected at 0-week and 10-week time points were analyzed for the intestinal microbiome. Results showed a significant decrease in body weight, body condition score, and subcutaneous fat mass and proportion at the level of the third lumbar vertebra. Diversity and functional analysis of the microbiota in obese dogs showed increased microbial diversity, and increased abundance of metabolism of carbohydrate, and lipid after supplementation with a synbiotic preparation. This study was conducted as a pilot study, and the results demonstrated that a synbiotic preparation containing L. gasseri BNR17 may play a role in reducing body fat and resolving the obesity in dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han-Joon Lee
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34134, Korea;
| | - Jae Hyoung Cho
- Department of Animal Resources Science, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Korea;
| | - Woo-Jae Cho
- Veterinary Nutrition Laboratory, JEIL Feed Co., Ltd., Daejeon 34029, Korea;
| | - Seong-Ho Gang
- SNH Biotech Co., Ltd., Daejeon 34015, Korea; (S.-H.G.); (S.-H.P.)
| | - Seung-Hwan Park
- SNH Biotech Co., Ltd., Daejeon 34015, Korea; (S.-H.G.); (S.-H.P.)
| | | | - Hyeun Bum Kim
- Department of Animal Resources Science, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Korea;
- Correspondence: (H.B.K.); (K.H.S.)
| | - Kun Ho Song
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34134, Korea;
- Correspondence: (H.B.K.); (K.H.S.)
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50
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Ommati MM, Li H, Jamshidzadeh A, Khoshghadam F, Retana-Márquez S, Lu Y, Farshad O, Nategh Ahmadi MH, Gholami A, Heidari R. The crucial role of oxidative stress in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease-induced male reproductive toxicity: the ameliorative effects of Iranian indigenous probiotics. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2022; 395:247-265. [PMID: 34994824 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-021-02177-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Several studies have focused on the high potential effects of probiotics on the reproductive system. However, there is a paucity of information regarding the ameliorative intracellular roles of indigenous Iranian yogurt-extracted/cultured probiotics on animals' reproductive health suffering from obesity and/or fatty liver disease, such as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). For this purpose, simultaneously with the consumption of D-fructose (200 g/1000 mL water, induction of NAFLD model), all pubertal animals were also gavaged every day for 63 consecutive days with extracted probiotics, including 1 × 109 CFU/mL of Lactobacillus acidophilus (LA), Bifidobacterium spp. (BIF), Bacillus coagulans (BC), Lactobacillus rhamnosus (LR), and a mixture form (LA + BIF + BC + LR). At the end of the ninth week, the indices of epididymal sperm, and oxidative stress, as well as histopathological changes, were assessed. The results show that NAFLD could induce robust oxidative stress, highlighted as considerable increments in ROS level, TBARS content, total oxidized protein levels, along with severe decrements in reduced glutathione reservoirs, total antioxidant capacity in the hepatic and testicular tissues, as well as testicular and hepatic histopathological alterations. Moreover, a significant decrease in the percentage of sperm progressive motility, sperm count, and membrane integrity along with an increment in the percentage of sperm abnormality was detected in NAFLD animals. The observed adverse effects were significantly reversed upon probiotics treatment, especially in the group challenged with a mixture of all probiotics. Taken together, these findings indicate that the indigenous yogurt-isolated/cultured probiotics had a high potential antioxidant activity and the ameliorative effect against reprotoxicity and blood biochemical alterations induced by the NAFLD model. Highlights: 1. Reproductive indices could be reversely affected by xenobiotics and diseases. 2. NAFLD and cholestasis considerably affect the reproductive system in both genders. 3. NAFLD induced hepatic and testicular oxidative stress (OS). 4. NAFLD induced histopathological alterations and spermatotoxicity through OS. 5. The adverse effects were significantly reversed upon exposure to probiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Mehdi Ommati
- College of Life Sciences, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, 030801, People's Republic of China.
| | - Huifeng Li
- College of Life Sciences, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, 030801, People's Republic of China
| | - Akram Jamshidzadeh
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Fereshteh Khoshghadam
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Socorro Retana-Márquez
- Department of Biology of Reproduction, Autonomous Metropolitan University-Iztapalapa, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Yu Lu
- College of Life Sciences, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, 030801, People's Republic of China
| | - Omid Farshad
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, School of Pharmacy, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Mohammad Hasan Nategh Ahmadi
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Ecological Animal Science and Environmental Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, 030801, People's Republic of China
- Department of Clinical Studies, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, 71345, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ahmad Gholami
- Biotechnology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Reza Heidari
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
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