1
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Tang Y, Zhang Y, Zhang D, Liu Y, Nussinov R, Zheng J. Exploring pathological link between antimicrobial and amyloid peptides. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:8713-8763. [PMID: 39041297 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00878a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/24/2024]
Abstract
Amyloid peptides (AMYs) and antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are considered as the two distinct families of peptides, characterized by their unique sequences, structures, biological functions, and specific pathological targets. However, accumulating evidence has revealed intriguing pathological connections between these peptide families in the context of microbial infection and neurodegenerative diseases. Some AMYs and AMPs share certain structural and functional characteristics, including the ability to self-assemble, the presence of β-sheet-rich structures, and membrane-disrupting mechanisms. These shared features enable AMYs to possess antimicrobial activity and AMPs to acquire amyloidogenic properties. Despite limited studies on AMYs-AMPs systems, the cross-seeding phenomenon between AMYs and AMPs has emerged as a crucial factor in the bidirectional communication between the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases and host defense against microbial infections. In this review, we examine recent developments in the potential interplay between AMYs and AMPs, as well as their pathological implications for both infectious and neurodegenerative diseases. By discussing the current progress and challenges in this emerging field, this account aims to inspire further research and investments to enhance our understanding of the intricate molecular crosstalk between AMYs and AMPs. This knowledge holds great promise for the development of innovative therapies to combat both microbial infections and neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijing Tang
- Department of Chemical, Biomolecular, and Corrosion Engineering, The University of Akron, Ohio 44325, USA.
| | - Yanxian Zhang
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA
| | - Dong Zhang
- The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA
| | - Yonglan Liu
- Cancer Innovation Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Ruth Nussinov
- Computational Structural Biology Section, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21702, USA.
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Jie Zheng
- Department of Chemical, Biomolecular, and Corrosion Engineering, The University of Akron, Ohio 44325, USA.
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2
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Kosikowska-Adamus P, Golda A, Ryl J, Pilarczyk-Zurek M, Bereta G, Ossowski T, Lesner A, Koziel J, Prahl A, Niedziałkowski P. Electrochemical detection of bacterial endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on gold electrode modified with DAL-PEG-DK5-PEG-OH - Antimicrobial peptide conjugate. Talanta 2024; 273:125881. [PMID: 38492283 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2024.125881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
This work describes fabrication of gold electrodes modified with peptide conjugate DAL-PEG-DK5-PEG-OH that enables ultra-sensitive detection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) isolated from the reference strain of Escherichia coli O26:B6. The initial step of the established procedure implies immobilization of the fully protected DAL-PEG-DK5-PEG-OH peptide on the surface of the gold electrode previously modified by cysteamine. Then side chain- and Fmoc-deprotection was performed in situ on the electrode surface, followed by its incubation in 1 % of BSA solution to block non-specific bindings sites before LPS detection. The efficiency of the modification was confirmed by X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) measurements. Additionally, the cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impendance spectroscopy (EIS) were employed to monitor the effectiveness of each step of the modification. The obtained results confirmed that the presence of the surface-attached covalently bound peptide DAL-PEG-DK5-PEG-OH enables LPS detection by means of CV technique within the range from 5 × 10-13 to 5 × 10-4 g/mL in PBS solution. The established limit of detection (LOD) for EIS measurements was 4.93 × 10-21 g/mL with wide linear detection range from 5 × 10-21 to 5 × 10-14 g/mL in PBS solution. Furthermore, we confirmed the ability of the electrode to detect LPS in a complex biological samples, like mouse urine and human serum. The effectiveness of the electrodes in identifying LPS in both urine and serum matrices was confirmed for samples containing LPS at both 2.5 × 10-15 g/mL and 2.5 × 10-9 g/mL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Kosikowska-Adamus
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Anna Golda
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Krakow, Poland
| | - Jacek Ryl
- Institute of Nanotechnology and Materials Engineering, Gdańsk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Magdalena Pilarczyk-Zurek
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Krakow, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Bereta
- Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7A, 30-387 Krakow, Poland
| | - Tadeusz Ossowski
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Adam Lesner
- Department of Environmental Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Joanna Koziel
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Krakow, Poland
| | - Adam Prahl
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Paweł Niedziałkowski
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland.
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3
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Tran TTQ, Narayanan C, Loes AN, Click TH, Pham NTH, Létourneau M, Harms MJ, Calmettes C, Agarwal PK, Doucet N. Ancestral sequence reconstruction dissects structural and functional differences among eosinophil ribonucleases. J Biol Chem 2024; 300:107280. [PMID: 38588810 PMCID: PMC11101842 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2024.107280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 03/30/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Evolutionarily conserved structural folds can give rise to diverse biological functions, yet predicting atomic-scale interactions that contribute to the emergence of novel activities within such folds remains challenging. Pancreatic-type ribonucleases illustrate this complexity, sharing a core structure that has evolved to accommodate varied functions. In this study, we used ancestral sequence reconstruction to probe evolutionary and molecular determinants that distinguish biological activities within eosinophil members of the RNase 2/3 subfamily. Our investigation unveils functional, structural, and dynamical behaviors that differentiate the evolved ancestral ribonuclease (AncRNase) from its contemporary eosinophil RNase orthologs. Leveraging the potential of ancestral reconstruction for protein engineering, we used AncRNase predictions to design a minimal 4-residue variant that transforms human RNase 2 into a chimeric enzyme endowed with the antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities of RNase 3 members. This work provides unique insights into mutational and evolutionary pathways governing structure, function, and conformational states within the eosinophil RNase subfamily, offering potential for targeted modulation of RNase-associated functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thi Thanh Quynh Tran
- Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Institut national de la recherche scientifique (INRS), Université du Québec, Laval, Quebec, Canada
| | - Chitra Narayanan
- Department of Chemistry, York College, City University of New York (CUNY), Jamaica, New York, USA
| | - Andrea N Loes
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, USA
| | - Timothy H Click
- Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Mary, Bismarck, North Dakota, USA
| | - N T Hang Pham
- Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Institut national de la recherche scientifique (INRS), Université du Québec, Laval, Quebec, Canada
| | - Myriam Létourneau
- Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Institut national de la recherche scientifique (INRS), Université du Québec, Laval, Quebec, Canada
| | - Michael J Harms
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, USA
| | - Charles Calmettes
- Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Institut national de la recherche scientifique (INRS), Université du Québec, Laval, Quebec, Canada; PROTEO, The Quebec Network for Research on Protein Function, Engineering, and Applications, UQAM, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Pratul K Agarwal
- Department of Physiological Sciences and High-Performance Computing Center, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Nicolas Doucet
- Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Institut national de la recherche scientifique (INRS), Université du Québec, Laval, Quebec, Canada; PROTEO, The Quebec Network for Research on Protein Function, Engineering, and Applications, UQAM, Montréal, Quebec, Canada.
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4
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Gao N, Wang J, Fang C, Bai P, Sun Y, Wu W, Shan A. Combating bacterial infections with host defense peptides: Shifting focus from bacteria to host immunity. Drug Resist Updat 2024; 72:101030. [PMID: 38043443 DOI: 10.1016/j.drup.2023.101030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
The increasing prevalence of multidrug-resistant bacterial infections necessitates the exploration of novel paradigms for anti-infective therapy. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), also known as host defense peptides (HDPs), have garnered extensive recognition as immunomodulatory molecules that leverage natural host mechanisms to enhance therapeutic benefits. The unique immune mechanism exhibited by certain HDPs that involves self-assembly into supramolecular nanonets capable of inducing bacterial agglutination and entrapping is significantly important. This process effectively prevents microbial invasion and subsequent dissemination and significantly mitigates selective pressure for the evolution of microbial resistance, highlighting the potential of HDP-based antimicrobial therapy. Recent advancements in this field have focused on developing bio-responsive materials in the form of supramolecular nanonets. A comprehensive overview of the immunomodulatory and bacteria-agglutinating activities of HDPs, along with a discussion on optimization strategies for synthetic derivatives, is presented in this article. These optimized derivatives exhibit improved biological properties and therapeutic potential, making them suitable for future clinical applications as effective anti-infective therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Gao
- Animal Science and Technology College, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Jiajun Wang
- Animal Science and Technology College, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China.
| | - Chunyang Fang
- Animal Science and Technology College, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Pengfei Bai
- Animal Science and Technology College, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Yu Sun
- Animal Science and Technology College, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Wanpeng Wu
- Animal Science and Technology College, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Anshan Shan
- Animal Science and Technology College, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China.
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5
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Bayer G, Shayganpour A, Bayer IS. Efficacy of a New Alcohol-Free Organic Acid-Based Hand Sanitizer against Foodborne Pathogens. TOXICS 2023; 11:938. [PMID: 37999590 PMCID: PMC10674435 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11110938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
In light of the global health crisis triggered by the COVID-19 pandemic, numerous experts have deemed the utilization of hand sanitizers imperative as a precautionary measure against the virus. Consequently, the demand for hand sanitizers has experienced a substantial surge. Since the beginning of 2020, the utilization of alcohol-free hand sanitizers has been increasingly favored due to the potential risks associated with alcohol poisoning, flammability, as well as the adverse effects on skin lipid dissolution, dehydration, and sebum reduction, which can lead to severe cases of eczema and norovirus infections. In this study, we developed an aqueous hand sanitizer that does not contain alcohol. The sanitizer consists of naturally occurring, food-grade organic acids, including lactic, citric, and azelaic acids. Additionally, food-grade ammonium sulfate and a small amount of povidone-iodine (PVPI) were included in the formulation to create a synergistic and potent antibacterial effect. The effectiveness of the hand sanitizer was evaluated against four common foodborne pathogens, namely Clostridium botulinum, Escherichia coli, Listeria monocytogenes, and Staphylococcus aureus, via in vitro testing. The organic acids exhibited a synergistic inhibitory function, resulting in a 3-log reduction in CFU/mL. Furthermore, the presence of povidone-iodine and ammonium sulfate enhanced their antibacterial effect, leading to a 4-log reduction in CFU/mL. The hand sanitizer solution remained stable even after 60 days of storage. During this period, the detection of additional triiodide (I3-) ions occurred, which have the ability to release broad-spectrum molecular iodine upon penetrating the cell walls. This alcohol-free hand sanitizer may offer extended protection and is anticipated to be gentle on the skin. This is attributed to the presence of citric and lactic acids, which possess cosmetic properties that soften and smoothen the skin, along with antioxidant properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gözde Bayer
- DS Bio ve Nanoteknoloji A. Ş, Lavida City Plaza 45/7, 06530 Ankara, Türkiye;
| | - Amirreza Shayganpour
- Smart Materials, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy;
| | - Ilker S. Bayer
- Smart Materials, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy;
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6
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Elhalag RH, Motawea KR, Talat NE, Rouzan SS, Reyad SM, Elsayed SM, Chébl P, Abowafia M, Shah J. Herpes Zoster virus infection and the risk of developing dementia: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e34503. [PMID: 37904465 PMCID: PMC10615483 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000034503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Herpes Zoster, commonly known as shingles, is a viral infection that affects a significant portion of the adult population; however, its potential role in the onset or progression of neurodegenerative disorders like dementia remains unclear. METHODS We searched the following databases: PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane library, and Web of Science. We included any randomized control trials and controlled observational studies as Cross-sectional, prospective, or retrospective cohort and case-control studies that investigated the prevalence of dementia in Herpes Zoster Virus (HZV)-infected patients and HZV-free control group or if the study investigated the prevalence of HZV in demented patients. Also, if the studies measured the levels of dementia biomarkers in patients with HZV compared with a healthy control group. RESULTS After the complete screening, 9 studies were included in the meta-analysis. In the outcome of the incidence of HZV, the pooled analysis showed no statistically significant difference between the dementia group and the No dementia group (RR = 1.04% CI = 0.86-1.25, P = .70). In the outcome of incidences of dementia and Alzheimer's disease, the pooled analysis showed no statistically significant difference between the HZV group and the incidence of dementia (RR = 0.99, 95% CI = 0.92-1.08, P = .89), (RR = 3.74, 95% CI = 0.22-62.70, P = .36) respectively. In the outcome of incidences of Herpes Zoster ophthalmicus (HZO), the generic inverse variance showed a statistically significant association between patients who have HZO and increased incidence of dementia (RR = 6.26, 95% CI = 1.30-30.19, P = .02). CONCLUSION Our study showed no significant association between HZV and the incidence of dementia or Alzheimer's disease, but it shows a significant association between HZO and the incidence of dementia. More multicenter studies are needed to establish the actual association between the HZV and dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Samah S. Rouzan
- Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Sarraa M. Reyad
- Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | | | - Pensée Chébl
- Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Marwan Abowafia
- Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
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7
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Fang Y, Li L, Sui M, Jiang Q, Dong N, Shan A, Jiang J. Protein Transduction System Based on Tryptophan-zipper against Intracellular Infections via Inhibiting Ferroptosis of Macrophages. ACS NANO 2023; 17:12247-12265. [PMID: 37350353 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c00765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
Cells penetrating molecules in living systems hold promise of capturing and eliminating threats and damage that can plan intracellular fate promptly. However, it remains challenging to construct cell penetration systems that are physiologically stable with predictable self-assembly behavior and well-defined mechanisms. In this study, we develop a core-shell nanoparticle using a hyaluronic acid (HA)-coated protein transduction domain (PTD) derived from the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). This nanoparticle can encapsulate pathogens, transporting the PTD into macrophages via lipid rafts. PTD forms hydrogen bonds with the components of the membrane through TAT, which has a high density of positive charges and reduces the degree of membrane order through Tryptophan (Trp)-zipper binding to the acyl tails of phospholipid molecules. HA-encapsulated PTD increases the resistance to trypsin and proteinase K, thereby penetrating macrophages and eliminating intracellular infections. Interestingly, the nonagglutination mechanism of PTD against pathogens ensures the safe operation of the cellular system. Importantly, PTD can activate the critical pathway of antiferroptosis in macrophages against pathogen infection. The nanoparticles developed in this study demonstrate safety and efficacy against Gram-negative and Gram-positive pathogens in three animal models. Overall, this work highlights the effectiveness of the PTD nanoparticle in encapsulating pathogens and provides a paradigm for transduction systems-anti-intracellular infection therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxin Fang
- Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition and Immunity, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Ling Li
- Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition and Immunity, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Mingrui Sui
- Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition and Immunity, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Qianzhi Jiang
- Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition and Immunity, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Na Dong
- Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition and Immunity, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Anshan Shan
- Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition and Immunity, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Junguang Jiang
- The State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130021, PR China
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8
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Buchanan JA, Varghese NR, Johnston CL, Sunde M. Functional Amyloids: Where Supramolecular Amyloid Assembly Controls Biological Activity or Generates New Functionality. J Mol Biol 2023; 435:167919. [PMID: 37330295 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2022.167919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Functional amyloids are a rapidly expanding class of fibrillar protein structures, with a core cross-β scaffold, where novel and advantageous biological function is generated by the assembly of the amyloid. The growing number of amyloid structures determined at high resolution reveal how this supramolecular template both accommodates a wide variety of amino acid sequences and also imposes selectivity on the assembly process. The amyloid fibril can no longer be considered a generic aggregate, even when associated with disease and loss of function. In functional amyloids the polymeric β-sheet rich structure provides multiple different examples of unique control mechanisms and structures that are finely tuned to deliver assembly or disassembly in response to physiological or environmental cues. Here we review the range of mechanisms at play in natural, functional amyloids, where tight control of amyloidogenicity is achieved by environmental triggers of conformational change, proteolytic generation of amyloidogenic fragments, or heteromeric seeding and amyloid fibril stability. In the amyloid fibril form, activity can be regulated by pH, ligand binding and higher order protofilament or fibril architectures that impact the arrangement of associated domains and amyloid stability. The growing understanding of the molecular basis for the control of structure and functionality delivered by natural amyloids in nearly all life forms should inform the development of therapies for amyloid-associated diseases and guide the design of innovative biomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica A Buchanan
- School of Medical Sciences and Sydney Nano, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
| | - Nikhil R Varghese
- School of Medical Sciences and Sydney Nano, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
| | - Caitlin L Johnston
- School of Medical Sciences and Sydney Nano, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
| | - Margaret Sunde
- School of Medical Sciences and Sydney Nano, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
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9
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Bernard DN, Narayanan C, Hempel T, Bafna K, Bhojane PP, Létourneau M, Howell EE, Agarwal PK, Doucet N. Conformational exchange divergence along the evolutionary pathway of eosinophil-associated ribonucleases. Structure 2023; 31:329-342.e4. [PMID: 36649708 PMCID: PMC9992247 DOI: 10.1016/j.str.2022.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The evolutionary role of conformational exchange in the emergence and preservation of function within structural homologs remains elusive. While protein engineering has revealed the importance of flexibility in function, productive modulation of atomic-scale dynamics has only been achieved on a finite number of distinct folds. Allosteric control of unique members within dynamically diverse structural families requires a better appreciation of exchange phenomena. Here, we examined the functional and structural role of conformational exchange within eosinophil-associated ribonucleases. Biological and catalytic activity of various EARs was performed in parallel to mapping their conformational behavior on multiple timescales using NMR and computational analyses. Despite functional conservation and conformational seclusion to a specific domain, we show that EARs can display similar or distinct motional profiles, implying divergence rather than conservation of flexibility. Comparing progressively more distant enzymes should unravel how this subfamily has evolved new functions and/or altered their behavior at the molecular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- David N Bernard
- Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Institut national de la recherche scientifique (INRS), Université du Québec, 531 Boulevard des Prairies, Laval, QC H7V 1B7, Canada
| | - Chitra Narayanan
- Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Institut national de la recherche scientifique (INRS), Université du Québec, 531 Boulevard des Prairies, Laval, QC H7V 1B7, Canada; Department of Chemistry, New Jersey City University, Jersey City, NJ 07305, USA
| | - Tim Hempel
- Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 12, 14195 Berlin, Germany; Department of Physics, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Khushboo Bafna
- Department of Biochemistry & Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
| | - Purva Prashant Bhojane
- Department of Biochemistry & Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
| | - Myriam Létourneau
- Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Institut national de la recherche scientifique (INRS), Université du Québec, 531 Boulevard des Prairies, Laval, QC H7V 1B7, Canada
| | - Elizabeth E Howell
- Department of Biochemistry & Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
| | - Pratul K Agarwal
- Department of Physiological Sciences and High-Performance Computing Center, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA.
| | - Nicolas Doucet
- Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Institut national de la recherche scientifique (INRS), Université du Québec, 531 Boulevard des Prairies, Laval, QC H7V 1B7, Canada; PROTEO, the Québec Network for Research on Protein Function, Engineering, and Applications, Université Laval, 1045 Avenue de la Médecine, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada.
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10
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Chen D, Liu X, Chen Y, Lin H. Amyloid peptides with antimicrobial and/or microbial agglutination activity. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2022; 106:7711-7720. [PMID: 36322251 PMCID: PMC9628408 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-022-12246-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Abstract Microbe (including bacteria, fungi, and virus) infection in brains is associated with amyloid fibril deposit and neurodegeneration. Increasing findings suggest that amyloid proteins, like Abeta (Aβ), are important innate immune effectors in preventing infections. In some previous studies, amyloid peptides have been linked to antimicrobial peptides due to their common mechanisms in membrane-disruption ability, while the other mechanisms of bactericidal protein aggregation and protein function knockdown are less discussed. Besides, another important function of amyloid peptides in pathogen agglutination is rarely illustrated. In this review, we summarized and divided the different roles and mechanisms of amyloid peptides against microbes in antimicrobial activity and microbe agglutination activity. Besides, the range of amyloids’ antimicrobial spectrum, the effectiveness of amyloid peptide states (monomers, oligomers, and fibrils), and cytotoxicity are discussed. The good properties of amyloid peptides against microbes might provide implications for the development of novel antimicrobial drug. Key points • Antimicrobial and/or microbial agglutination is a characteristic of amyloid peptides. • Various mechanisms of amyloid peptides against microbes are discovered recently. • Amyloid peptides might be developed into novel antimicrobial drugs. Supplementary information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00253-022-12246-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongru Chen
- Department of Orthodontics, Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiangqi Liu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yucong Chen
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Huancai Lin
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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11
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He S, Yang Z, Li X, Wu H, Zhang L, Wang J, Shan A. Optimized proteolytic resistance motif (DabW)-based U1-2WD: A membrane-induced self-aggregating peptide to trigger bacterial agglutination and death. Acta Biomater 2022; 153:540-556. [PMID: 36162762 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2022.09.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The biggest application bottleneck of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) is the low oral bioavailability caused by the poor stability of digestive enzymes in the gastrointestinal tract. However, the research methods and evaluation criteria of available studies about anti-proteolytic strategies are not uniform and far from the actual environment in vivo. Here, we developed a research system and evaluation criteria for proteolytic resistance and systematically evaluated the effectiveness of different strategies for improving the protease stability of AMPs on the same platform for the first time. After a comprehensive analysis, Dab modification is identified as the most effective strategy to improve the trypsin stability of AMPs. By further modulating the proteolytic resistance optimization motif (DabW)n, U1-2WD is obtained with ideal stability and antimicrobial properties in vivo and in vitro. Notably, U1-2WD has a unique antibacterial mechanism, which forms amorphous aggregates in the bacteria environment to trigger the agglutination of bacterial cells to prevent bacterial escape. It then kills bacteria by disrupting bacterial membranes and inhibiting bacterial energy metabolism. Overall, our work has led to a new understanding of the effectiveness of proteolytic resistance strategies and accelerated the development of anti-proteolytic AMPs to combat multidrug-resistant bacterial infections. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: We developed research system and evaluation criteria for proteolytic resistance and systematically evaluated the effectiveness of different strategies for improving protease stability of AMPs on the same platform for the first time. we found effective strategies to resist trypsin hydrolysis: modification with backbone (β-Arg), D-enantiomer (D-Arg) and L-2,4-diaminobutanoic acid (Dab). Further, the proteolytic resistance optimization motif (DabW)n was designed. When n=3, derivative U1-2WD was obtained with desirable stability and antimicrobial properties in vivo and in vitro. Notably, U1-2WD has a unique antibacterial mechanism, which can self-aggregate into amorphous aggregates in the bacteria environment to mediate the agglutination and sedimentation of bacterial cells to prevent bacterial escape, and then kill bacteria by destroying bacterial membranes and inhibiting bacterial energy metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiqi He
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P. R. China
| | - Zhanyi Yang
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P. R. China
| | - Xuefeng Li
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P. R. China
| | - Hua Wu
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P. R. China
| | - Licong Zhang
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P. R. China
| | - Jiajun Wang
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P. R. China.
| | - Anshan Shan
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P. R. China.
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12
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Fernández-Millán P, Vázquez-Monteagudo S, Boix E, Prats-Ejarque G. Exploring the RNase A scaffold to combine catalytic and antimicrobial activities. Structural characterization of RNase 3/1 chimeras. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:964717. [PMID: 36188223 PMCID: PMC9515509 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.964717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Design of novel antibiotics to fight antimicrobial resistance is one of the first global health priorities. Novel protein-based strategies come out as alternative therapies. Based on the structure-function knowledge of the RNase A superfamily we have engineered a chimera that combines RNase 1 highest catalytic activity with RNase 3 unique antipathogen properties. A first construct (RNase 3/1-v1) was successfully designed with a catalytic activity 40-fold higher than RNase 3, but alas in detriment of its anti-pathogenic activity. Next, two new versions of the original chimeric protein were created showing improvement in the antimicrobial activity. Both second generation versions (RNases 3/1-v2 and -v3) incorporated a loop characteristic of RNase 3 (L7), associated to antimicrobial activity. Last, removal of an RNase 1 flexible loop (L1) in the third version enhanced its antimicrobial properties and catalytic efficiency. Here we solved the 3D structures of the three chimeras at atomic resolution by X-ray crystallography. Structural analysis outlined the key functional regions. Prediction by molecular docking of the protein chimera in complex with dinucleotides highlighted the contribution of the C-terminal region to shape the substrate binding cavity and determine the base selectivity and catalytic efficiency. Nonetheless, the structures that incorporated the key features related to RNase 3 antimicrobial activity retained the overall RNase 1 active site conformation together with the essential structural elements for binding to the human ribonuclease inhibitor (RNHI), ensuring non-cytotoxicity. Results will guide us in the design of the best RNase pharmacophore for anti-infective therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ester Boix
- *Correspondence: Ester Boix, ; Guillem Prats-Ejarque,
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13
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Coya JM, Fraile-Ágreda V, de Tapia L, García-Fojeda B, Sáenz A, Bengoechea JA, Kronqvist N, Johansson J, Casals C. Cooperative action of SP-A and its trimeric recombinant fragment with polymyxins against Gram-negative respiratory bacteria. Front Immunol 2022; 13:927017. [PMID: 36159837 PMCID: PMC9493720 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.927017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The exploration of therapies combining antimicrobial lung proteins and conventional antibiotics is important due to the growing problem of multidrug-resistant bacteria. The aim of this study was to investigate whether human SP-A and a recombinant trimeric fragment (rfhSP-A) have cooperative antimicrobial activity with antibiotics against pathogenic Gram-negative bacteria. We found that SP-A bound the cationic peptide polymyxin B (PMB) with an apparent dissociation constant (K D) of 0.32 ± 0.04 µM. SP-A showed synergistic microbicidal activity with polymyxin B and E, but not with other antibiotics, against three SP-A-resistant pathogenic bacteria: Klebsiella pneumoniae, non-typable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. SP-A was not able to bind to K. pneumoniae, NTHi, or to mutant strains thereof expressing long-chain lipopolysaccharides (or lipooligosaccharides) and/or polysaccharide capsules. In the presence of PMB, SP-A induced the formation of SP-A/PMB aggregates that enhance PMB-induced bacterial membrane permeabilization. Furthermore, SP-A bound to a molecular derivative of PMB lacking the acyl chain (PMBN) with a K D of 0.26 ± 0.02 μM, forming SP-A/PMBN aggregates. PMBN has no bactericidal activity but can bind to the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria. Surprisingly, SP-A and PMBN showed synergistic bactericidal activity against Gram-negative bacteria. Unlike native supratrimeric SP-A, the trimeric rfhSP-A fragment had small but significant direct bactericidal activity against K. pneumoniae, NTHi, and P. aeruginosa. rfhSP-A did not bind to PMB under physiological conditions but acted additively with PMB and other antibiotics against these pathogenic bacteria. In summary, our results significantly improve our understanding of the antimicrobial actions of SP-A and its synergistic action with PMB. A peptide based on SP-A may aid the therapeutic use of PMB, a relatively cytotoxic antibiotic that is currently being reintroduced into clinics due to the global problem of antibiotic resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Manuel Coya
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Víctor Fraile-Ágreda
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Lidia de Tapia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Belén García-Fojeda
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alejandra Sáenz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - José A. Bengoechea
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Nina Kronqvist
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Neo, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Jan Johansson
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Neo, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Cristina Casals
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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14
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Abengózar MÁ, Fernández-Reyes M, Salazar VA, Torrent M, de la Torre BG, Andreu D, Boix E, Rivas L. Essential Role of Enzymatic Activity in the Leishmanicidal Mechanism of the Eosinophil Cationic Protein (RNase 3). ACS Infect Dis 2022; 8:1207-1217. [PMID: 35731709 PMCID: PMC9274760 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.1c00537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
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The recruitment of
eosinophils into Leishmania lesions is frequently
associated with a favorable evolution. A feasible
effector for this process is eosinophil cationic protein (ECP, RNase
3), one of the main human eosinophil granule proteins, endowed with
a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity, including parasites. ECP
was active on Leishmania promastigotes and axenic
amastigotes (LC50’s = 3 and 16 μM, respectively)
but, in contrast to the irreversible membrane damage caused on bacteria
and reproduced by its N-terminal peptides, it only
induced a mild and transient plasma membrane destabilization on Leishmania donovani promastigotes. To assess the
contribution of RNase activity to the overall leishmanicidal activity
of ECP, parasites were challenged in parallel with a single-mutant
version, ECP-H15A, devoid of RNase activity, that fully preserves
the conformation and liposome permeabilization ability. ECP-H15A showed
a similar uptake to ECP on promastigotes, but with higher LC50’s (>25 μM) for both parasite stages. ECP-treated
promastigotes
showed a degraded RNA pattern, absent in ECP-H15A-treated samples.
Moreover ECP, but not ECP-H15A, reduced more than 2-fold the parasite
burden of infected macrophages. Altogether, our results suggest that
ECP enters the Leishmania cytoplasm by an endocytic
pathway, ultimately leading to RNA degradation as a key contribution
to the leishmanicidal mechanism. Thus, ECP combines both membrane
destabilization and enzymatic activities to effect parasite killing.
Taken together, our data highlight the microbicidal versatility of
ECP as an innate immunity component and support the development of
cell-penetrating RNases as putative leishmanicidal agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Ángeles Abengózar
- Department of Structural and Chemical Biology, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas, Ramiro de Maeztu 9, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - María Fernández-Reyes
- Department of Structural and Chemical Biology, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas, Ramiro de Maeztu 9, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Vivian A Salazar
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Universidad de los Andes, Cra. 1E No. 19a-40, Bogota, Colorado 111711, Colombia
| | - Marc Torrent
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - Beatriz G de la Torre
- Department of Medicine and Life Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona Biomedical Research Park, Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - David Andreu
- Department of Medicine and Life Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona Biomedical Research Park, Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ester Boix
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - Luis Rivas
- Department of Structural and Chemical Biology, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas, Ramiro de Maeztu 9, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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15
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Golan N, Engelberg Y, Landau M. Structural Mimicry in Microbial and Antimicrobial Amyloids. Annu Rev Biochem 2022; 91:403-422. [PMID: 35729071 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-biochem-032620-105157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The remarkable variety of microbial species of human pathogens and microbiomes generates significant quantities of secreted amyloids, which are structured protein fibrils that serve diverse functions related to virulence and interactions with the host. Human amyloids are associated largely with fatal neurodegenerative and systemic aggregation diseases, and current research has put forward the hypothesis that the interspecies amyloid interactome has physiological and pathological significance. Moreover, functional and molecular-level connections between antimicrobial activity and amyloid structures suggest a neuroimmune role for amyloids that are otherwise known to be pathological. Compared to the extensive structural information that has been accumulated for human amyloids, high-resolution structures of microbial and antimicrobial amyloids are only emerging. These recent structures reveal both similarities and surprising departures from the typical amyloid motif, in accordance with their diverse activities, and advance the discovery of novel antivirulence and antimicrobial agents. In addition, the structural information has led researchers to postulate that amyloidogenic sequences are natural targets for structural mimicry, for instance in host-microbe interactions. Microbial amyloid research could ultimately be used to fight aggressive infections and possibly processes leading to autoimmune and neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nimrod Golan
- Department of Biology, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel;
| | - Yizhaq Engelberg
- Department of Biology, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel;
| | - Meytal Landau
- Department of Biology, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel; .,European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL) and Center for Structural Systems Biology (CSSB), Hamburg, Germany
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16
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Galzitskaya OV, Kurpe SR, Panfilov AV, Glyakina AV, Grishin SY, Kochetov AP, Deryusheva EI, Machulin AV, Kravchenko SV, Domnin PA, Surin AK, Azev VN, Ermolaeva SA. Amyloidogenic Peptides: New Class of Antimicrobial Peptides with the Novel Mechanism of Activity. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:5463. [PMID: 35628272 PMCID: PMC9140876 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23105463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Antibiotic-resistant bacteria are recognized as one of the leading causes of death in the world. We proposed and successfully tested peptides with a new mechanism of antimicrobial action "protein silencing" based on directed co-aggregation. The amyloidogenic antimicrobial peptide (AAMP) interacts with the target protein of model or pathogenic bacteria and forms aggregates, thereby knocking out the protein from its working condition. In this review, we consider antimicrobial effects of the designed peptides on two model organisms, E. coli and T. thermophilus, and two pathogenic organisms, P. aeruginosa and S. aureus. We compare the amino acid composition of proteomes and especially S1 ribosomal proteins. Since this protein is inherent only in bacterial cells, it is a good target for studying the process of co-aggregation. This review presents a bioinformatics analysis of these proteins. We sum up all the peptides predicted as amyloidogenic by several programs and synthesized by us. For the four organisms we studied, we show how amyloidogenicity correlates with antibacterial properties. Let us especially dwell on peptides that have demonstrated themselves as AMPs for two pathogenic organisms that cause dangerous hospital infections, and in which the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) turned out to be comparable to the MIC of gentamicin sulfate. All this makes our study encouraging for the further development of AAMP. The hybrid peptides may thus provide a starting point for the antibacterial application of amyloidogenic peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oxana V. Galzitskaya
- Institute of Protein Research, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142290 Pushchino, Russia; (S.R.K.); (A.V.P.); (A.V.G.); (S.Y.G.); (A.K.S.)
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142290 Pushchino, Russia
| | - Stanislav R. Kurpe
- Institute of Protein Research, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142290 Pushchino, Russia; (S.R.K.); (A.V.P.); (A.V.G.); (S.Y.G.); (A.K.S.)
| | - Alexander V. Panfilov
- Institute of Protein Research, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142290 Pushchino, Russia; (S.R.K.); (A.V.P.); (A.V.G.); (S.Y.G.); (A.K.S.)
| | - Anna V. Glyakina
- Institute of Protein Research, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142290 Pushchino, Russia; (S.R.K.); (A.V.P.); (A.V.G.); (S.Y.G.); (A.K.S.)
- Institute of Mathematical Problems of Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142290 Pushchino, Russia
- Keldysh Institute of Applied Mathematics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 125047 Moscow, Russia
| | - Sergei Y. Grishin
- Institute of Protein Research, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142290 Pushchino, Russia; (S.R.K.); (A.V.P.); (A.V.G.); (S.Y.G.); (A.K.S.)
| | - Alexey P. Kochetov
- The Branch of the Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142290 Pushchino, Russia; (A.P.K.); (V.N.A.)
| | - Evgeniya I. Deryusheva
- Institute for Biological Instrumentation, Federal Research Center “Pushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences”, 142290 Pushchino, Russia;
| | - Andrey V. Machulin
- Skryabin Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Microorganisms, Federal Research Center “Pushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research of the Russian Academy of Science”, 142290 Pushchino, Russia;
| | - Sergey V. Kravchenko
- Institute of Environmental and Agricultural Biology (X-BIO), Tyumen State University, 625003 Tyumen, Russia;
| | - Pavel A. Domnin
- Gamaleya Research Centre of Epidemiology and Microbiology, 123098 Moscow, Russia; (P.A.D.); (S.A.E.)
- Biology Faculty, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexey K. Surin
- Institute of Protein Research, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142290 Pushchino, Russia; (S.R.K.); (A.V.P.); (A.V.G.); (S.Y.G.); (A.K.S.)
- The Branch of the Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142290 Pushchino, Russia; (A.P.K.); (V.N.A.)
- State Research Center for Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, 142279 Obolensk, Russia
| | - Viacheslav N. Azev
- The Branch of the Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142290 Pushchino, Russia; (A.P.K.); (V.N.A.)
| | - Svetlana A. Ermolaeva
- Gamaleya Research Centre of Epidemiology and Microbiology, 123098 Moscow, Russia; (P.A.D.); (S.A.E.)
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17
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Mukhopadhyay S, Bera SC, Ramola K. Observation of two-step aggregation kinetics of Amyloid- βproteins from fractal analysis. Phys Biol 2022; 19. [PMID: 35381581 DOI: 10.1088/1478-3975/ac6478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Self-aggregation in proteins has long been studied and modeled due to its ubiquity and importance in many biological contexts. Several models propose a two step aggregation mechanism, consisting of linear growth of fibrils and secondary growth involving branch formation. Single molecule imaging techniques such as total internal reflection fluorescence (TIRF) microscopy can provide direct evidence of such mechanisms, however, analyzing such large data-sets is challenging. In this paper, we analyze for the first time, images of growing amyloid fibrils obtained from TIRF microscopy using the techniques of fractal geometry, which provides a natural framework to disentangle the two types of growth mechanisms at play. We find that after an initial linear growth phase, identified by a plateau in the average fractal dimension with time, the occurrence of branching events leads to a further increase in the fractal dimension, with a final saturation value ≈ 2. This provides direct evidence of the two-step nature of the aggregation kinetics of Amyloid-βproteins, with an initial linear elongation phase followed by branching at later times.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soham Mukhopadhyay
- Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Centre for Interdisciplinary Sciences, 36/P, Gopanpally Tanda, Serilingampally Mandal, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500046, INDIA
| | - Subhas C Bera
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Cauerstr. 3, Erlangen, Bayern, 91058, GERMANY
| | - Kabir Ramola
- Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Centre for Interdisciplinary Sciences, 36/P, Gopanpally Tanda, Serilingampally Mandal, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500046, INDIA
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18
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Prats-Ejarque G, Lorente H, Villalba C, Anguita R, Lu L, Vázquez-Monteagudo S, Fernández-Millán P, Boix E. Structure-Based Design of an RNase Chimera for Antimicrobial Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 23:95. [PMID: 35008522 PMCID: PMC8745102 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23010095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial resistance to antibiotics urges the development of alternative therapies. Based on the structure-function of antimicrobial members of the RNase A superfamily, we have developed a hybrid enzyme. Within this family, RNase 1 exhibits the highest catalytic activity and the lowest cytotoxicity; in contrast, RNase 3 shows the highest bactericidal action, alas with a reduced catalytic activity. Starting from both parental proteins, we designed a first RNase 3/1-v1 chimera. The construct had a catalytic activity much higher than RNase 3, unfortunately without reaching an equivalent antimicrobial activity. Thus, two new versions were created with improved antimicrobial properties. Both of these versions (RNase 3/1-v2 and -v3) incorporated an antimicrobial loop characteristic of RNase 3, while a flexible RNase 1-specific loop was removed in the latest construct. RNase 3/1-v3 acquired both higher antimicrobial and catalytic activities than previous versions, while retaining the structural determinants for interaction with the RNase inhibitor and displaying non-significant cytotoxicity. Following, we tested the constructs' ability to eradicate macrophage intracellular infection and observed an enhanced ability in both RNase 3/1-v2 and v3. Interestingly, the inhibition of intracellular infection correlates with the variants' capacity to induce autophagy. We propose RNase 3/1-v3 chimera as a promising lead for applied therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillem Prats-Ejarque
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain; (H.L.); (C.V.); (R.A.); (L.L.); (S.V.-M.); (P.F.-M.)
| | - Helena Lorente
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain; (H.L.); (C.V.); (R.A.); (L.L.); (S.V.-M.); (P.F.-M.)
| | - Clara Villalba
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain; (H.L.); (C.V.); (R.A.); (L.L.); (S.V.-M.); (P.F.-M.)
| | - Raúl Anguita
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain; (H.L.); (C.V.); (R.A.); (L.L.); (S.V.-M.); (P.F.-M.)
| | - Lu Lu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain; (H.L.); (C.V.); (R.A.); (L.L.); (S.V.-M.); (P.F.-M.)
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 625014, China
| | - Sergi Vázquez-Monteagudo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain; (H.L.); (C.V.); (R.A.); (L.L.); (S.V.-M.); (P.F.-M.)
| | - Pablo Fernández-Millán
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain; (H.L.); (C.V.); (R.A.); (L.L.); (S.V.-M.); (P.F.-M.)
| | - Ester Boix
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain; (H.L.); (C.V.); (R.A.); (L.L.); (S.V.-M.); (P.F.-M.)
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19
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Miyabe Y, Kobayashi Y, Fukuchi M, Saga A, Moritoki Y, Saga T, Akuthota P, Ueki S. Eosinophil-mediated inflammation in the absence of eosinophilia. Asia Pac Allergy 2021; 11:e30. [PMID: 34386406 PMCID: PMC8331253 DOI: 10.5415/apallergy.2021.11.e30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The increase of eosinophil levels is a hallmark of type-2 inflammation. Blood eosinophil counts act as a convenient biomarker for asthma phenotyping and the selection of biologics, and they are even used as a prognostic factor for severe coronavirus disease 2019. However, the circulating eosinophil count does not always reflect tissue eosinophilia and vice versa. The mismatch of blood and tissue eosinophilia can be seen in various clinical settings. For example, blood eosinophil levels in patients with acute eosinophilic pneumonia are often within normal range despite the marked symptoms and increased number of eosinophils in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. Histological studies using immunostaining for eosinophil granule proteins have revealed the extracellular deposition of granule proteins coincident with pathological conditions, even in the absence of a significant eosinophil infiltrate. The marked deposition of eosinophil granule proteins in tissue is often associated with cytolytic degranulation. Recent studies have indicated that extracellular trap cell death (ETosis) is a major mechanism of cytolysis. Cytolytic ETosis is a total cell degranulation in which cytoplasmic and nuclear contents, including DNA and histones that act as alarmins, are also released. In the present review, eosinophil-mediated inflammation in such mismatch conditions is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yui Miyabe
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Kobayashi
- Airway Disease Section, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Japan.,Allergy Center, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Japan
| | - Mineyo Fukuchi
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Akiko Saga
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Yuki Moritoki
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Tomoo Saga
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Praveen Akuthota
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Shigeharu Ueki
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
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20
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Li Q, Li J, Yu W, Wang Z, Li J, Feng X, Wang J, Shan A. De novo design of a pH-triggered self-assembled β-hairpin nanopeptide with the dual biological functions for antibacterial and entrapment. J Nanobiotechnology 2021; 19:183. [PMID: 34127004 PMCID: PMC8201815 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-021-00927-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acid-tolerant enteric pathogens can evade small intestinal acid barriers, colonize and infect the intestinal tract. However, broad-spectrum antibiotics are not the best therapeutic strategy because of the disruption of intestinal flora caused by its indiscriminate antimicrobial activity against beneficial and harmful bacteria. So that is what inspired us to combine pH regulation with nanotechnology to develop a pH-triggered site-targeted antimicrobial peptide with entrapping function. RESULTS A pH-triggered dual biological functional self-assembled peptide (SAP) was designed according to the features of amino-acid building blocks and the diagonal cation-π interaction principle. The results of characterization experiments showed that changes in pH conditions could trigger microstructural transformation of the nanopeptide from nanospheres to nanofibers. The subsequent antibacterial and toxicity experiments determined that SAP had great antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhimurium, Listeria monocytogenes, and Bacillus cereus above 15.6 μg/mL under acidic conditions by disrupting bacterial membrane integrity, excellent biocompatibility in vitro even at 250 μg/mL and high tolerance in physical environment. Moreover, at peptide concentrations greater than 62.5 μg/mL, SAP showed the entrapment property, which played an important role in phagocytic clearance in infection forces. Meanwhile, the in vivo results revealed that SAP possessed excellent therapeutic effect and good biosafety. CONCLUSIONS Our study revealed the antibacterial activity of a short β-hairpin forming self-assembled peptide, and established an innovative design strategy for peptide-based nanomaterials and a new treatment strategy for gastrointestinal bacterial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuke Li
- Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition and Immunity, The Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinze Li
- Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition and Immunity, The Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Weikang Yu
- Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition and Immunity, The Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhihua Wang
- Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition and Immunity, The Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiawei Li
- Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition and Immunity, The Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Xingjun Feng
- Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition and Immunity, The Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiajun Wang
- Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition and Immunity, The Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, People's Republic of China.
| | - Anshan Shan
- Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition and Immunity, The Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, People's Republic of China.
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21
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Nucera F, Lo Bello F, Shen SS, Ruggeri P, Coppolino I, Di Stefano A, Stellato C, Casolaro V, Hansbro PM, Adcock IM, Caramori G. Role of Atypical Chemokines and Chemokine Receptors Pathways in the Pathogenesis of COPD. Curr Med Chem 2021; 28:2577-2653. [PMID: 32819230 DOI: 10.2174/0929867327999200819145327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) represents a heightened inflammatory response in the lung generally resulting from tobacco smoking-induced recruitment and activation of inflammatory cells and/or activation of lower airway structural cells. Several mediators can modulate activation and recruitment of these cells, particularly those belonging to the chemokines (conventional and atypical) family. There is emerging evidence for complex roles of atypical chemokines and their receptors (such as high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), antimicrobial peptides, receptor for advanced glycosylation end products (RAGE) or toll-like receptors (TLRs)) in the pathogenesis of COPD, both in the stable disease and during exacerbations. Modulators of these pathways represent potential novel therapies for COPD and many are now in preclinical development. Inhibition of only a single atypical chemokine or receptor may not block inflammatory processes because there is redundancy in this network. However, there are many animal studies that encourage studies for modulating the atypical chemokine network in COPD. Thus, few pharmaceutical companies maintain a significant interest in developing agents that target these molecules as potential antiinflammatory drugs. Antibody-based (biological) and small molecule drug (SMD)-based therapies targeting atypical chemokines and/or their receptors are mostly at the preclinical stage and their progression to clinical trials is eagerly awaited. These agents will most likely enhance our knowledge about the role of atypical chemokines in COPD pathophysiology and thereby improve COPD management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Nucera
- Department of Biomedical, Dental, Morphological and Functional Imaging Sciences (BIOMORF), University of Messina, Pugliatti Square 1, 98122 Messina, Italy
| | - Federica Lo Bello
- Department of Biomedical, Dental, Morphological and Functional Imaging Sciences (BIOMORF), University of Messina, Pugliatti Square 1, 98122 Messina, Italy
| | - Sj S Shen
- Faculty of Science, Centre for Inflammation, Centenary Institute, University of Technology, Ultimo, Sydney, Australia
| | - Paolo Ruggeri
- Department of Biomedical, Dental, Morphological and Functional Imaging Sciences (BIOMORF), University of Messina, Pugliatti Square 1, 98122 Messina, Italy
| | - Irene Coppolino
- Department of Biomedical, Dental, Morphological and Functional Imaging Sciences (BIOMORF), University of Messina, Pugliatti Square 1, 98122 Messina, Italy
| | - Antonino Di Stefano
- Division of Pneumology, Cyto- Immunopathology Laboratory of the Cardio-Respiratory System, Clinical Scientific Institutes Maugeri IRCCS, Veruno, Italy
| | - Cristiana Stellato
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, Salerno Medical School, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Casolaro
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, Salerno Medical School, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
| | - Phil M Hansbro
- Faculty of Science, Centre for Inflammation, Centenary Institute, University of Technology, Ultimo, Sydney, Australia
| | - Ian M Adcock
- Airway Disease Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
| | - Gaetano Caramori
- Department of Biomedical, Dental, Morphological and Functional Imaging Sciences (BIOMORF), University of Messina, Pugliatti Square 1, 98122 Messina, Italy
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22
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Javadmanesh A, Mohammadi E, Mousavi Z, Azghandi M, Tanhaiean A. Antibacterial effects assessment on some livestock pathogens, thermal stability and proposing a probable reason for different levels of activity of thanatin. Sci Rep 2021; 11:10890. [PMID: 34035354 PMCID: PMC8149819 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-90313-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
There is a continuing need to prevent the increasing use of common antibiotic and find the replacement to combat the drug/antibiotic resistant bacteria such as antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) such as thanatin peptide. In this study, recombinant thanatin peptide was expressed in the HEK293 cell line. Then the antimicrobial properties of this peptide on some poultry and farm animal's pathogen strains were assessed. The thermal-stability of thanatin was predicted in various temperatures through in silico analysis. Afterwards, according to Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) results, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were chosen to test the hypothesis of LptA/LptD-thanatin interaction, computationally. Relative amino acid sequences and crystallography structures were retrieved and missed tertiary structures were predicted. The interaction of thanatin with LptA and LptD of Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were analyzed subsequently. The antibacterial activity of thanatin peptide was evaluated between 6.25 and 100 μg/mL using minimum inhibitory concentration. Also, the amounts of minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBC) were between 12.5 and 200 μg/mL. The bioinformatics analysis followed by the in vitro assessment, demonstrated that thanatin would be thermally stable in the body temperature of poultry and farm animals. Thanatin could penetrate to the outer membrane domain of LptD in Escherichia coli and it could block the transition path of this protein while the entrance of LptD in Pseudomonas aeruginosa was blocked for thanatin by extra residues in comparison with Escherichia coli LptD. In addition, the quality of interaction, with regard to the number and distance of interactions which leads to higher binding energy for thanatin and LptD of Escherichia coli was much better than Pseudomonas aeruginosa. But the site and quality of interaction for thanatin and LptA was almost the same for Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Accordingly, thanatin can prevent the assembly of LptA periplasmic bridge in both pathogens. The antibacterial and thermal stability of the thanatin peptide suggested that thanatin peptide might serve as a natural alternative instead of common antibiotics in the veterinary medicine. The outcome of this in silico study supports the MIC results. Therefore, a probable reason for different level of activity of thanatin against Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa might be the quality of LptA/LptD-thanatin interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Javadmanesh
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran, 9177948974.
- Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine Research Group, Research Institute of Biotechnology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Elyas Mohammadi
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran, 9177948974
- Faculty of Pharmacy and 3P Medicine Laboratory, International Research Agendas Programme, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Zahra Mousavi
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran, 9177948974
| | - Marjan Azghandi
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran, 9177948974
| | - Abass Tanhaiean
- Department of Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahrood University of Technology, Shahrood, Iran
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23
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Simonson AW, Umstead TM, Lawanprasert A, Klein B, Almarzooqi S, Halstead ES, Medina SH. Extracellular matrix-inspired inhalable aerogels for rapid clearance of pulmonary tuberculosis. Biomaterials 2021; 273:120848. [PMID: 33915409 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2021.120848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) remains a leading cause of death from a single infectious agent, and limiting the spread of multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) is now an urgent global health priority. Essential to the persistence of this disease is the ability of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) to circumvent host defenses by infecting lung macrophages to create a cellular niche for its survival and proliferation. This has urged the development of new therapeutic strategies that act through mechanisms distinct from conventional antibiotics, and thus are effective against MDR bacteria, while being able to efficiently kill persister Mtb cells in infected host macrophages. Here, we report a new class of gel-like microparticle aerosols, or 'aerogels', designed to exploit metabolic vulnerabilities of Mtb pathogens and TB-infected macrophages to enable preferential delivery of synergistic peptide-antibiotic combinations for potent and rapid antitubercular therapy. This is achieved by formulating aerogels through the supramolecular assembly of a de novo designed anti-TB peptide and the extracellular matrix (ECM)-derived polysaccharide, hyaluronic acid (HA). Importantly, HA serves as a nutrient source for Mtb cells during tissue invasion and proliferation, and is recognized by CD44 receptors highly expressed on lung macrophages during TB infection. By exploiting this metabolic substrate for pathogen targeting, HA aerogels are shown to avidly bind and kill both drug-sensitive and drug-resistant mycobacteria, while being efficiently internalized into macrophage host cells in vitro and in vivo to clear Mtb persisters. This multifaceted bioactivity suggests aerogels may serve as a versatile inhalable platform upon which novel biomaterials-enabled therapeutics can be developed to rapidly clear pulmonary MDR-TB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew W Simonson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Todd M Umstead
- Department of Pediatrics, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA; Pulmonary Immunology and Physiology Laboratory, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
| | - Atip Lawanprasert
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Bailey Klein
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Sarah Almarzooqi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - E Scott Halstead
- Department of Pediatrics, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA; Pulmonary Immunology and Physiology Laboratory, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
| | - Scott H Medina
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA; Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, Penn State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA.
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24
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Lu L, Wei R, Prats-Ejarque G, Goetz M, Wang G, Torrent M, Boix E. Human RNase3 immune modulation by catalytic-dependent and independent modes in a macrophage-cell line infection model. Cell Mol Life Sci 2021; 78:2963-2985. [PMID: 33226440 PMCID: PMC8004517 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-020-03695-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Revised: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The human RNase3 is a member of the RNaseA superfamily involved in host immunity. RNase3 is expressed by leukocytes and shows broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity. Together with a direct antimicrobial action, RNase3 exhibits immunomodulatory properties. Here, we have analysed the transcriptome of macrophages exposed to the wild-type protein and a catalytic-defective mutant (RNase3-H15A). The analysis of differently expressed genes (DEGs) in treated THP1-derived macrophages highlighted a common pro-inflammatory "core-response" independent of the protein ribonucleolytic activity. Network analysis identified the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) as the main central regulatory protein. Expression of selected DEGs and MAPK phosphorylation were inhibited by an anti-EGFR antibody. Structural analysis suggested that RNase3 activates the EGFR pathway by direct interaction with the receptor. Besides, we identified a subset of DEGs related to the protein ribonucleolytic activity, characteristic of virus infection response. Transcriptome analysis revealed an early pro-inflammatory response, not associated to the protein catalytic activity, followed by a late activation in a ribonucleolytic-dependent manner. Next, we demonstrated that overexpression of macrophage endogenous RNase3 protects the cells against infection by Mycobacterium aurum and the human respiratory syncytial virus. Comparison of cell infection profiles in the presence of Erlotinib, an EGFR inhibitor, revealed that the receptor activation is required for the antibacterial but not for the antiviral protein action. Moreover, the DEGs related and unrelated to the protein catalytic activity are associated to the immune response to bacterial and viral infection, respectively. We conclude that RNase3 modulates the macrophage defence against infection in both catalytic-dependent and independent manners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Lu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - RanLei Wei
- Center of Precision Medicine and Precision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Guillem Prats-Ejarque
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - Maria Goetz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - Gang Wang
- Center of Precision Medicine and Precision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Marc Torrent
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - Ester Boix
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain.
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25
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Li F, Hearn M, Bennett LE. The role of microbial infection in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease and the opportunity for protection by anti-microbial peptides. Crit Rev Microbiol 2021; 47:240-253. [PMID: 33555958 DOI: 10.1080/1040841x.2021.1876630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia. Its pathology is primarily characterized by extracellular deposits of amyloid β peptide and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles. Current rationales to explain the pathogenesis of AD include amyloid cascade, inflammation, infection defense and anti-microbial protection hypotheses. This review focuses on recent advances in the infection hypothesis, in particular on those pathogenic microbes that act systemically, via periodontal and gastro-intestinal infection routes. It is proposed that the evidence convincingly supports that pathogenic microbial infection is associated with, and is likely a causative trigger for, AD pathology. Microbes can drive AD pathology by two main pathways: either by directly infecting the brain and stimulating amyloid-mediated defence (causative trigger) or indirectly, by stimulating the pro-inflammatory effects of infection. In this context, it follows that anti-microbial/anti-infection therapies could be effective for regulating the pathology and symptoms of AD, depending on the stage of disease. As long-term administration of traditional antibiotic therapy is not recommended, alternative antibiotic agents such as anti-microbial peptides (AMPs), could be preferred for intervention and disease management of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feijie Li
- School of Chemistry, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Milton Hearn
- School of Chemistry, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Louise E Bennett
- School of Chemistry, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
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26
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Pathogen-specific antimicrobials engineered de novo through membrane-protein biomimicry. Nat Biomed Eng 2021; 5:467-480. [PMID: 33390588 PMCID: PMC8131206 DOI: 10.1038/s41551-020-00665-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Precision antimicrobials aim to kill pathogens without damaging commensal bacteria in the host, and thus to cure disease without antibiotic-associated dysbiosis. Here, we report the de novo design of a synthetic host defence peptide that targets a specific pathogen by mimicking key molecular features of the pathogen’s channel-forming membrane proteins. By exploiting physical and structural vulnerabilities within the pathogen’s cellular envelope, we designed a peptide sequence that undergoes instructed tryptophan-zippered assembly within the mycolic-acid rich outer membrane of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) to specifically kill the pathogen without collateral toxicity towards lung commensal bacteria or host tissue. These ‘mycomembrane-templated’ assemblies elicit rapid mycobactericidal activity, and enhance the potency of antibiotics by improving their otherwise poor diffusion across the rigid Mtb envelope with respect to agents that exploit transmembrane protein channels for antimycobacterial activity. This biomimetic strategy may aid the design of other narrow-spectrum antimicrobial peptides.
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27
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de Groot NS, Torrent Burgas M. Bacteria use structural imperfect mimicry to hijack the host interactome. PLoS Comput Biol 2020; 16:e1008395. [PMID: 33275611 PMCID: PMC7744059 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1008395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacteria use protein-protein interactions to infect their hosts and hijack fundamental pathways, which ensures their survival and proliferation. Hence, the infectious capacity of the pathogen is closely related to its ability to interact with host proteins. Here, we show that hubs in the host-pathogen interactome are isolated in the pathogen network by adapting the geometry of the interacting interfaces. An imperfect mimicry of the eukaryotic interfaces allows pathogen proteins to actively bind to the host's target while preventing deleterious effects on the pathogen interactome. Understanding how bacteria recognize eukaryotic proteins may pave the way for the rational design of new antibiotic molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Sanchez de Groot
- Gene Function and Evolution Lab, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Dr. Aiguader 88, Barcelona, Spain
- * E-mail: (NSdG); (MTB)
| | - Marc Torrent Burgas
- Systems Biology of Infection Lab, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biosciences Faculty, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
- * E-mail: (NSdG); (MTB)
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28
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Spitzer P, Walter M, Göth C, Oberstein TJ, Linning P, Knölker HJ, Kornhuber J, Maler JM. Pharmacological Inhibition of Amyloidogenic APP Processing and Knock-Down of APP in Primary Human Macrophages Impairs the Secretion of Cytokines. Front Immunol 2020; 11:1967. [PMID: 33013850 PMCID: PMC7494750 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been previously shown that the amyloid precursor protein (APP) support the innate immune defense as an immune receptor. Amyloid β (Aβ) peptides seem to have properties of an antimicrobial peptide and can act as opsonines. In APP-deficient mouse models, a reduced secretion of cytokines has been observed. Still, it is unclear whether this can be attributed to the lack of APP or to the missing secretion of Aβ peptides. We inhibited the secretion of Aβ peptides in primary human monocyte derived macrophages with the γ-secretase inhibitor N-[N-(3,5-Difluorophenacetyl)-L-alanyl]-S-phenylglycine-t-butyl-ester (DAPT) or the β-secretase inhibitor GL-189. Alternatively, we knocked down APP by transfection with siRNA. We measured tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα), interleukin 6 (IL-6) and interleukin (IL-10) by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and evaluated the phagocytotic activity by flow cytometry. We observed reduced concentrations of TNFα and IL-6 in the media of APPk/d macrophages and after inhibition of the β-, or γ-secretase, especially after additional immunological activation with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Secretion of IL-10 was increased after pharmacological inhibition of APP processing when the macrophages were not immunologically activated but was decreased during LPS-induced inflammation in APPk/d macrophages. No changes of the phagocytotic activity were observed. We conclude that macrophage APP and Aβ peptides support the initiation of an immune response and are involved in the regulation of TNFα, IL-6, and IL-10 secretion by human monocyte-derived macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Spitzer
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Matthias Walter
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Caroline Göth
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Timo Jan Oberstein
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Philipp Linning
- Faculty of Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | | | - Johannes Kornhuber
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Juan Manuel Maler
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
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29
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Vane EW, He S, Maibaum L, Nath A. Rapid Formation of Peptide/Lipid Coaggregates by the Amyloidogenic Seminal Peptide PAP 248-286. Biophys J 2020; 119:924-938. [PMID: 32814060 PMCID: PMC7474197 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2020.07.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Revised: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein/lipid coassembly is an understudied phenomenon that is important to the function of antimicrobial peptides as well as the pathological effects of amyloid. Here, we study the coassembly process of PAP248-286, a seminal peptide that displays both amyloid-forming and antimicrobial activity. PAP248-286 is a peptide fragment of prostatic acid phosphatase and has been reported to form amyloid fibrils, known as semen-derived enhancer of viral infection (SEVI), that enhance the viral infectivity of human immunodeficiency virus. We find that in addition to forming amyloid, PAP248-286 much more readily assembles with lipid vesicles into peptide/lipid coaggregates that resemble amyloid fibrils in some important ways but are a distinct species. The formation of these PAP248-286/lipid coaggregates, which we term "messicles," is controlled by the peptide:lipid (P:L) ratio and by the lipid composition. The optimal P:L ratio is around 1:10, and at least 70% anionic lipid is required for coaggregate formation. Once formed, messicles are not disrupted by subsequent changes in P:L ratio. We propose that messicles form through a polyvalent assembly mechanism, in which a critical surface density of PAP248-286 on liposomes enables peptide-mediated particle bridging into larger species. Even at ∼50-fold lower PAP248-286 concentrations, messicles form at least 10-fold faster than amyloid fibrils. It is therefore possible that some or all of the biological activities assigned to SEVI, the amyloid form of PAP248-286, could instead be attributed to a PAP248-286/lipid coaggregate. More broadly speaking, this work could provide a potential framework for the discovery and characterization of nonamyloid peptide/lipid coaggregates by other amyloid-forming proteins and antimicrobial peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleanor W Vane
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; Biological Physics, Structure and Design Program, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Shushan He
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Lutz Maibaum
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Abhinav Nath
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; Biological Physics, Structure and Design Program, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington.
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30
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Lee EY, Srinivasan Y, de Anda J, Nicastro LK, Tükel Ç, Wong GCL. Functional Reciprocity of Amyloids and Antimicrobial Peptides: Rethinking the Role of Supramolecular Assembly in Host Defense, Immune Activation, and Inflammation. Front Immunol 2020; 11:1629. [PMID: 32849553 PMCID: PMC7412598 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Pathological self-assembly is a concept that is classically associated with amyloids, such as amyloid-β (Aβ) in Alzheimer's disease and α-synuclein in Parkinson's disease. In prokaryotic organisms, amyloids are assembled extracellularly in a similar fashion to human amyloids. Pathogenicity of amyloids is attributed to their ability to transform into several distinct structural states that reflect their downstream biological consequences. While the oligomeric forms of amyloids are thought to be responsible for their cytotoxicity via membrane permeation, their fibrillar conformations are known to interact with the innate immune system to induce inflammation. Furthermore, both eukaryotic and prokaryotic amyloids can self-assemble into molecular chaperones to bind nucleic acids, enabling amplification of Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling. Recent work has shown that antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) follow a strikingly similar paradigm. Previously, AMPs were thought of as peptides with the primary function of permeating microbial membranes. Consistent with this, many AMPs are facially amphiphilic and can facilitate membrane remodeling processes such as pore formation and fusion. We show that various AMPs and chemokines can also chaperone and organize immune ligands into amyloid-like ordered supramolecular structures that are geometrically optimized for binding to TLRs, thereby amplifying immune signaling. The ability of amphiphilic AMPs to self-assemble cooperatively into superhelical protofibrils that form structural scaffolds for the ordered presentation of immune ligands like DNA and dsRNA is central to inflammation. It is interesting to explore the notion that the assembly of AMP protofibrils may be analogous to that of amyloid aggregates. Coming full circle, recent work has suggested that Aβ and other amyloids also have AMP-like antimicrobial functions. The emerging perspective is one in which assembly affords a more finely calibrated system of recognition and response: the detection of single immune ligands, immune ligands bound to AMPs, and immune ligands spatially organized to varying degrees by AMPs, result in different immunologic outcomes. In this framework, not all ordered structures generated during multi-stepped AMP (or amyloid) assembly are pathological in origin. Supramolecular structures formed during this process serve as signatures to the innate immune system to orchestrate immune amplification in a proportional, situation-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ernest Y Lee
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States.,UCLA-Caltech Medical Scientist Training Program, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Yashes Srinivasan
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Jaime de Anda
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Lauren K Nicastro
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Çagla Tükel
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Gerard C L Wong
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States.,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States.,California Nano Systems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
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Bagheri M, Nikolenko H, Arasteh S, Rezaei N, Behzadi M, Dathe M, Hancock REW. Bacterial Aggregation Triggered by Fibril Forming Tryptophan-Rich Sequences: Effects of Peptide Side Chain and Membrane Phospholipids. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:26852-26867. [PMID: 32422035 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c04336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The influence of side chain residue and phospholipid characteristics of the cytoplasmic membrane upon the fibrillation and bacterial aggregation of arginine (Arg) and tryptophan (Trp) rich antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) has not been well described to date. Here, we utilized the structural advantages of HHC-10 and 4HarHHC-10 (Har, l-homoarginine) that are highly active Trp-rich AMPs and investigated their fibril formation and activity behavior against bacteria. The peptides revealed time-dependent self-assembly of polyproline II (PPII) α-helices, but by comparison, 4HarHHC-10 tended to form higher ordered fibrils due to relatively strong cation-π stacking of Trp with Har residue. Both peptides rapidly killed S. aureus and E. coli at their MICs and caused aggregation of bacteria at higher concentrations. This bacterial aggregation was accompanied by the formation of morphologically distinct electron-dense nanostructures, likely including but not limited to peptides alone. Both HHC-10-derived peptides caused blebs and buds in the E. coli membrane that are rich in POPE phospholipid that promotes negative curvature. However, the main population of S. aureus cells retained their cocci structure upon treatment with HHC peptides even at concentration higher than the MICs. In contrast, the cell aggregation was not induced by HHC fibrils that were most likely stabilized through intra-/intermolecular cation-π stacking. It is proposed that masking of these interactions might have resulted in diminished membrane association/insertion of the HHC nanostructures. The peptides caused aggregation of POPC/POPG (1/3) and POPE/POPG (3/1) liposomes. Nonetheless, disaggregation of the former vesicles was observed at ratios of lipid to peptide of greater than 6 and 24 for HHC-10 and 4HarHHC-10, respectively. Collectively, our results revealed dose-dependent bacterial aggregation mediated by Trp-rich AMPs that was profoundly influenced by the degree of peptide's self-association and the composition and intrinsic curvature of the cytoplasmic membrane lipids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mojtaba Bagheri
- Peptide Chemistry Laboratory, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, 16 Azar Street, 14176-14335 Tehran, Iran
| | - Heike Nikolenko
- Peptide-Lipid Interaction, Department of Chemical Biology, Leibniz Institute of Molecular Pharmacology, Robert-Roessle-Strasse 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Shima Arasteh
- Peptide Chemistry Laboratory, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, 16 Azar Street, 14176-14335 Tehran, Iran
| | - Nakisa Rezaei
- Peptide Chemistry Laboratory, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, 16 Azar Street, 14176-14335 Tehran, Iran
| | - Malihe Behzadi
- Peptide Chemistry Laboratory, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, 16 Azar Street, 14176-14335 Tehran, Iran
| | - Margitta Dathe
- Peptide-Lipid Interaction, Department of Chemical Biology, Leibniz Institute of Molecular Pharmacology, Robert-Roessle-Strasse 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Robert E W Hancock
- Centre for Microbial Diseases and Immunity Research, University of British Columbia, 2259 Lower Mall Research Station, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
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Spinelli R, Barrero Guevara LA, López JA, Camargo CM, Groot de Restrepo H, Siano AS. Cytotoxic and antiproliferative activities of amphibian (anuran) skin extracts on human acute monocytic leukemia cells. Toxicon 2020; 177:25-34. [PMID: 31982457 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2020.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Revised: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The use of preparations derived from frog skins for curative purposes antedates research history and is perpetuated in current medicine. The skins of anuran's (frogs and toads) are a rich source of compounds with a great importance in the search of antibiotics, analgesics, immunomodulators, enzymatic inhibitors and antitumoral agents applying to human health. Nowadays, cancer is the second most common cause of mortality with more than 8.2 million of deaths worldwide per year. Acute monocytic leukemia is the subtype M5 of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) a cancer type with reduced survival rates in patients. The monocyte to macrophage differentiation plays an essential role increasing the expansion of AML cell lines. Herein we studied the cytotoxic and antiproliferative activities of eleven amphibian species of three families belonging to Argentinean zones, against THP-1 monocytes and THP-1 macrophages acute monocytic leukemia cell lines. The evaluated species showed pronounced deleterious effects on acute monocytic leukemia THP-1 cell lines, reducing cell proliferation and inducing apoptosis, autophagy and in some cases cell aggregation. Being this work of great importance for the study of new natural anti-cancer compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roque Spinelli
- Departmento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional Del Litoral, Paraje El pozo, 3000, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Laura Andrea Barrero Guevara
- Laboratorio de Genética Humana, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Los Andes, Cr. 1 Nº 18A-10 Building M1, 110321, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Javier Alejandro López
- Instituto Nacional de Limnología, UNL-CONICET. Ciudad Universitaria, Paraje El Pozo, 3000, Santa Fe, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina
| | - Carolina Muñoz Camargo
- Departamento de Ingeniería Biomédica, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de los Andes, Cr. 1 Este Nº 19A-40 Building ML, 110321, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Helena Groot de Restrepo
- Laboratorio de Genética Humana, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Los Andes, Cr. 1 Nº 18A-10 Building M1, 110321, Bogotá, Colombia.
| | - Alvaro Sebastián Siano
- Departmento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional Del Litoral, Paraje El pozo, 3000, Santa Fe, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina.
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Bubak AN, Como CN, Coughlan CM, Johnson NR, Hassell JE, Mescher T, Niemeyer CS, Mahalingam R, Cohrs RJ, Boyd TD, Potter H, Russ HA, Nagel MA. Varicella-Zoster Virus Infection of Primary Human Spinal Astrocytes Produces Intracellular Amylin, Amyloid-β, and an Amyloidogenic Extracellular Environment. J Infect Dis 2020; 221:1088-1097. [PMID: 31665341 PMCID: PMC7075411 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiz560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Herpes zoster is linked to amyloid-associated diseases, including dementia, macular degeneration, and diabetes mellitus, in epidemiological studies. Thus, we examined whether varicella-zoster virus (VZV)-infected cells produce amyloid. METHODS Production of intracellular amyloidogenic proteins (amylin, amyloid precursor protein [APP], and amyloid-β [Aβ]) and amyloid, as well as extracellular amylin, Aβ, and amyloid, was compared between mock- and VZV-infected quiescent primary human spinal astrocytes (qHA-sps). The ability of supernatant from infected cells to induce amylin or Aβ42 aggregation was quantitated. Finally, the amyloidogenic activity of viral peptides was examined. RESULTS VZV-infected qHA-sps, but not mock-infected qHA-sps, contained intracellular amylin, APP, and/or Aβ, and amyloid. No differences in extracellular amylin, Aβ40, or Aβ42 were detected, yet only supernatant from VZV-infected cells induced amylin aggregation and, to a lesser extent, Aβ42 aggregation into amyloid fibrils. VZV glycoprotein B (gB) peptides assembled into fibrils and catalyzed amylin and Aβ42 aggregation. CONCLUSIONS VZV-infected qHA-sps produced intracellular amyloid and their extracellular environment promoted aggregation of cellular peptides into amyloid fibrils that may be due, in part, to VZV gB peptides. These findings suggest that together with host and other environmental factors, VZV infection may increase the toxic amyloid burden and contribute to amyloid-associated disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew N Bubak
- Department of Neurology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Christina N Como
- Department of Neurology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Christina M Coughlan
- Department of Neurology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Rocky Mountain Alzheimer’s Disease Center, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Linda Crnic Institute for Down Syndrome Research, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Noah R Johnson
- Department of Neurology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Rocky Mountain Alzheimer’s Disease Center, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Linda Crnic Institute for Down Syndrome Research, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - James E Hassell
- Department of Neurology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Teresa Mescher
- Department of Neurology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Christy S Niemeyer
- Department of Neurology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Ravi Mahalingam
- Department of Neurology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Randall J Cohrs
- Department of Neurology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Timothy D Boyd
- Department of Neurology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Rocky Mountain Alzheimer’s Disease Center, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Linda Crnic Institute for Down Syndrome Research, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Huntington Potter
- Department of Neurology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Rocky Mountain Alzheimer’s Disease Center, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Linda Crnic Institute for Down Syndrome Research, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Holger A Russ
- Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Maria A Nagel
- Department of Neurology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
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Tanhaeian A, Azghandi M, Mousavi Z, Javadmanesh A. Expression of Thanatin in HEK293 Cells and Investigation of its Antibacterial Effects on Some Human Pathogens. Protein Pept Lett 2020; 27:41-47. [PMID: 31438823 PMCID: PMC6978649 DOI: 10.2174/0929866526666190822162140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Revised: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thanatin is the smallest member of Beta-hairpin class of cationic peptide derived from insects with vast activities against various pathogens. OBJECTIVE In this study, the antimicrobial activity of this peptide against some species of human bacterial pathogens as well as its toxicity on NIH cells were evaluated. METHODS Thanatin DNA sequence was cloned into pcDNA3.1+ vector and transformed into a DH5α bacterial strain. Then the recombinant plasmids were transfected into HEK-293 cells by calcium phosphate co-precipitation. After applying antibiotic treatment, the supernatant medium containing thanatin was collected. The peptide quantity was estimated by SDS-PAGE and GelQuant software. The antimicrobial activity of this peptide was performed with Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) method. In addition, its toxicity on NIH cells were evaluated by MTT assay. RESULTS The peptide quantity was estimated approximately 164.21 µmolL-1. The antibacterial activity of thanatin was estimated between 0.99 and 31.58 µmolL-1 using MIC method. The result of cytotoxicity test on NIH cell line showed that the peptide toxicity up to the concentration of 394.10 µmolL-1 and for 48 hours, was not statistically significant from negative control cells (P>0.05). The antimicrobial assay demonstrated that thanatin had an antibacterial effect on some tested microorganisms. The results obtained in this study also showed that thanatin had no toxicity on mammalian cell lines including HEK293 and NIH. CONCLUSION Antimicrobial peptides such as thanatin are considered to be appropriate alternatives to conventional antibiotics in treating various human pathological diseases bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abbas Tanhaeian
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Marjan Azghandi
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Zahra Mousavi
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ali Javadmanesh
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
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Petrlova J, Petruk G, Huber RG, McBurnie EW, van der Plas MJA, Bond PJ, Puthia M, Schmidtchen A. Thrombin-derived C-terminal fragments aggregate and scavenge bacteria and their proinflammatory products. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:3417-3430. [PMID: 32034093 PMCID: PMC7076200 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra120.012741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Revised: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Thrombin-derived C-terminal peptides (TCPs), including a major 11-kDa fragment (TCP96), are produced through cleavage by human neutrophil elastase and aggregate lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and the Gram-negative bacterium Escherichia coli. However, the physiological roles of TCP96 in controlling bacterial infections and reducing LPS-induced inflammation are unclear. Here, using various biophysical methods, in silico molecular modeling, microbiological and cellular assays, and animal models, we examined the structural features and functional roles of recombinant TCP96 (rTCP96) in the aggregation of multiple bacteria and the Toll-like receptor (TLR) agonists they produce. We found that rTCP96 aggregates both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, including Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and their cell-wall components LPS, lipid A, and lipoteichoic acid (LTA). The Gram-negative bacteria E. coli and P. aeruginosa were particularly sensitive to aggregation-induced bacterial permeabilization and killing. As a proof of concept, we show that rTCP96 reduces LPS-induced NF-κB activation in human monocytes, as well as in mouse models of LPS-induced subcutaneous inflammation. Moreover, in a mouse model of subcutaneous inoculation with P. aeruginosa, rTCP96 reduced bacterial levels. Together, these results link TCP-mediated aggregation of endotoxins and bacteria in vitro to attenuation of inflammation and bacterial levels in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jitka Petrlova
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Division of Dermatology and Venereology, Lund University, Lund SE-22184, Sweden.
| | - Ganna Petruk
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Division of Dermatology and Venereology, Lund University, Lund SE-22184, Sweden
| | | | - Eilish W McBurnie
- Bioinformatics Institute (A*STAR), Singapore SG-138671; Department of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Southampton UK-SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom
| | - Mariena J A van der Plas
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Division of Dermatology and Venereology, Lund University, Lund SE-22184, Sweden; Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen DK-2100, Denmark
| | - Peter J Bond
- Bioinformatics Institute (A*STAR), Singapore SG-138671; Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore SG-117558
| | - Manoj Puthia
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Division of Dermatology and Venereology, Lund University, Lund SE-22184, Sweden
| | - Artur Schmidtchen
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Division of Dermatology and Venereology, Lund University, Lund SE-22184, Sweden; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Copenhagen Wound Healing Center, Bispebjerg Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen DK-2400, Denmark
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Salazar VA, Arranz-Trullén J, Prats-Ejarque G, Torrent M, Andreu D, Pulido D, Boix E. Insight into the Antifungal Mechanism of Action of Human RNase N-terminus Derived Peptides. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20184558. [PMID: 31540052 PMCID: PMC6770517 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20184558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Candida albicans is a polymorphic fungus responsible for mucosal and skin infections. Candida cells establish themselves into biofilm communities resistant to most currently available antifungal agents. An increase of severe infections ensuing in fungal septic shock in elderly or immunosuppressed patients, along with the emergence of drug-resistant strains, urge the need for the development of alternative antifungal agents. In the search for novel antifungal drugs our laboratory demonstrated that two human ribonucleases from the vertebrate-specific RNaseA superfamily, hRNase3 and hRNase7, display a high anticandidal activity. In a previous work, we proved that the N-terminal region of the RNases was sufficient to reproduce most of the parental protein bactericidal activity. Next, we explored their potency against a fungal pathogen. Here, we have tested the N-terminal derived peptides that correspond to the eight human canonical RNases (RN1-8) against planktonic cells and biofilms of C. albicans. RN3 and RN7 peptides displayed the most potent inhibitory effect with a mechanism of action characterized by cell-wall binding, membrane permeabilization and biofilm eradication activities. Both peptides are able to eradicate planktonic and sessile cells, and to alter their gene expression, reinforcing its role as a lead candidate to develop novel antifungal and antibiofilm therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivian A Salazar
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain.
| | - Javier Arranz-Trullén
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain.
| | - Guillem Prats-Ejarque
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain.
| | - Marc Torrent
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain.
| | - David Andreu
- Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - David Pulido
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain.
| | - Ester Boix
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain.
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Lu L, Arranz-Trullén J, Prats-Ejarque G, Pulido D, Bhakta S, Boix E. Human Antimicrobial RNases Inhibit Intracellular Bacterial Growth and Induce Autophagy in Mycobacteria-Infected Macrophages. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1500. [PMID: 31312205 PMCID: PMC6614385 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of novel treatment against tuberculosis is a priority global health challenge. Antimicrobial proteins and peptides offer a multifaceted mechanism suitable to fight bacterial resistance. Within the RNaseA superfamily there is a group of highly cationic proteins secreted by innate immune cells with anti-infective and immune-regulatory properties. In this work, we have tested the human canonical members of the RNase family using a spot-culture growth inhibition assay based mycobacteria-infected macrophage model for evaluating their anti-tubercular properties. Out of the seven tested recombinant human RNases, we have identified two members, RNase3 and RNase6, which were highly effective against Mycobacterium aurum extra- and intracellularly and induced an autophagy process. We observed the proteins internalization within macrophages and their capacity to eradicate the intracellular mycobacterial infection at a low micro-molar range. Contribution of the enzymatic activity was discarded by site-directed mutagenesis at the RNase catalytic site. The protein induction of autophagy was analyzed by RT-qPCR, western blot, immunofluorescence, and electron microscopy. Specific blockage of auto-phagosome formation and maturation reduced the protein's ability to eradicate the infection. In addition, we found that the M. aurum infection of human THP1 macrophages modulates the expression of endogenous RNase3 and RNase6, suggesting a function in vivo. Overall, our data anticipate a biological role for human antimicrobial RNases in host response to mycobacterial infections and set the basis for the design of novel anti-tubercular drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Lu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - Javier Arranz-Trullén
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain.,Mycobacteria Research Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology, Birkbeck, University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Guillem Prats-Ejarque
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - David Pulido
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - Sanjib Bhakta
- Mycobacteria Research Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology, Birkbeck, University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ester Boix
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Eosinophils are short-lived granulocytes that contain a variety of proteins and lipids traditionally associated with host defense against parasites. The primary goal of this review is to examine more recent evidence that challenged this rather outdated role of eosinophils in the context of pulmonary infections with helminths, viruses, and bacteria. RECENT FINDINGS While eosinophil mechanisms that counter parasites, viruses, and bacteria are similar, the kinetics and impact may differ by pathogen type. Major antiparasitic responses include direct killing and immunoregulation, as well as some mechanisms by which parasite survival/growth is supported. Antiviral defenses may be as unembellished as granule protein-induced direct killing or more urbane as serving as a conduit for better adaptive immune responses to the invading virus. Although sacrificial, eosinophil DNA emitted in response to bacteria helps trap bacteria to limit dissemination. Herein, we discuss the current research redefining eosinophils as multifunctional cells that are active participants in host defense against lung pathogens. Eosinophils recognize and differentially respond to invading pathogens, allowing them to deploy innate defense mechanisms to contain and clear the infection, or modulate the immune response. Modern technology and animal models have unraveled hitherto unknown capabilities of this surreptitious cell that indubitably has more functions awaiting discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim S LeMessurier
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pulmonology, Allergy - Immunology, and Sleep, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
- Children's Foundation Research Institute, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, 38103, USA
| | - Amali E Samarasinghe
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pulmonology, Allergy - Immunology, and Sleep, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA.
- Children's Foundation Research Institute, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, 38103, USA.
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Prats-Ejarque G, Li J, Ait-Ichou F, Lorente H, Boix E. Testing a Human Antimicrobial RNase Chimera Against Bacterial Resistance. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:1357. [PMID: 31275278 PMCID: PMC6594349 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.01357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The emergence of bacterial resistance to the most commonly used antibiotics encourages the design of novel antimicrobial drugs. Antimicrobial proteins and peptides (AMPs) are the key players in host innate immunity. They exert a rapid and multifaceted action that reduces the development of bacterial adaptation mechanisms. Human antimicrobial RNases belonging to the vertebrate specific RNase A superfamily participate in the maintenance of tissue and body fluid sterility. Among the eight human canonical RNases, RNase 3 stands out as the most cationic and effective bactericidal protein against Gram-negative species. Its enhanced ability to disrupt the bacterial cell wall has evolved in detriment of its catalytic activity. Based on structure-functional studies we have designed an RNase 3/1 hybrid construct that combines the high catalytic activity of RNase 1 with RNase 3 bactericidal properties. Next, we have explored the ability of this hybrid RNase to target the development of bacterial resistance on an Acinetobacter baumannii cell culture. Synergy assays were performed in combination with colistin, a standard antimicrobial peptide used as an antibiotic to treat severe infections. Positive synergism was observed between colistin and the RNase 3/1 hybrid protein. Subsequently, using an in vitro experimental evolution assay, by exposure of a bacterial culture to colistin at incremental doses, we demonstrated the ability of the RNase 3/1 construct to reduce the emergence of bacterial antimicrobial resistance. The results advance the potential applicability of RNase-based drugs as antibiotic adjuvants.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Ester Boix
- Faculty of Biosciences, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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40
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Gosztyla ML, Brothers HM, Robinson SR. Alzheimer's Amyloid-β is an Antimicrobial Peptide: A Review of the Evidence. J Alzheimers Dis 2019; 62:1495-1506. [PMID: 29504537 DOI: 10.3233/jad-171133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The amyloid-β (Aβ) peptide has long been considered to be the driving force behind Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, clinical trials that have successfully reduced Aβ burden in the brain have not slowed the cognitive decline, and in some instances, have resulted in adverse outcomes. While these results can be interpreted in different ways, a more nuanced picture of Aβ is emerging that takes into account the facts that the peptide is evolutionarily conserved and is present throughout life in cognitively normal individuals. Recent evidence indicates a role for Aβ as an antimicrobial peptide (AMP), a class of innate immune defense molecule that utilizes fibrillation to protect the host from a wide range of infectious agents. In humans and in animal models, infection of the brain frequently leads to increased amyloidogenic processing of the amyloid-β protein precursor (AβPP) and resultant fibrillary aggregates of Aβ. Evidence from in vitro and in vivo studies demonstrates that Aβ oligomers have potent, broad-spectrum antimicrobial properties by forming fibrils that entrap pathogens and disrupt cell membranes. Importantly, overexpression of Aβ confers increased resistance to infection from both bacteria and viruses. The antimicrobial role of Aβ may explain why increased rates of infection have been observed in some of the AD clinical trials that depleted Aβ. Perhaps progress toward a cure for AD will accelerate once treatment strategies begin to take into account the likely physiological functions of this enigmatic peptide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maya L Gosztyla
- Department of Neuroscience, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Holly M Brothers
- Department of Psychology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Stephen R Robinson
- Discipline of Psychology, School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
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Moir RD, Tanzi RE. Low Evolutionary Selection Pressure in Senescence Does Not Explain the Persistence of Aβ in the Vertebrate Genome. Front Aging Neurosci 2019; 11:70. [PMID: 30983989 PMCID: PMC6447958 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2019.00070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The argument is frequently made that the amyloid-β protein (Aβ) persists in the human genome because Alzheimer's disease (AD) primarily afflicts individuals over reproductive age and, therefore, there is low selective pressure for the peptide's elimination or modification. This argument is an important premise for AD amyloidosis models and therapeutic strategies that characterize Aβ as a functionless and intrinsically pathological protein. Here, we review if evolutionary theory and data on the genetics and biology of Aβ are consistent with low selective pressure for the peptide's expression in senescence. Aβ is an ancient neuropeptide expressed across vertebrates. Consistent with unusually high evolutionary selection constraint, the human Aβ sequence is shared by a majority of vertebrate species and has been conserved across at least 400 million years. Unlike humans, the overwhelming majority of vertebrate species do not cease reproduction in senescence and selection pressure is maintained into old age. Hence, low selective pressure in senescence does not explain the persistence of Aβ across the vertebrate genome. The "Grandmother hypothesis" (GMH) is the prevailing model explaining the unusual extended postfertile period of humans. In the GMH, high risk associated with birthing in old age has lead to early cessation of reproduction and a shift to intergenerational care of descendants. The rechanneling of resources to grandchildren by postreproductive individuals increases reproductive success of descendants. In the GMH model, selection pressure does not end following menopause. Thus, evolutionary models and phylogenetic data are not consistent with the absence of reproductive selection pressure for Aβ among aged vertebrates, including humans. Our analysis suggests an alternative evolutionary model for the persistence of Aβ in the vertebrate genome. Aβ has recently been identified as an antimicrobial effector molecule of innate immunity. High conservation across the Chordata phylum is consistent with strong positive selection pressure driving human Aβ's remarkable evolutionary longevity. Ancient origins and widespread conservation suggest the human Aβ sequence is highly optimized for its immune role. We detail our analysis and discuss how the emerging "Antimicrobial Protection Hypothesis" of AD may provide insights into possible evolutionary roles for Aβ in infection, aging, and disease etiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert D. Moir
- Genetics and Aging Research Unit, Department of Neurology, MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Harvard Medical School – Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
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Prabhawathi V, Sivakumar PM, Boobalan T, Manohar CM, Doble M. Design of antimicrobial polycaprolactam nanocomposite by immobilizing subtilisin conjugated Au/Ag core-shell nanoparticles for biomedical applications. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2019; 94:656-665. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2018.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2017] [Revised: 09/16/2018] [Accepted: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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Malekkhaiat Häffner S, Malmsten M. Influence of self-assembly on the performance of antimicrobial peptides. Curr Opin Colloid Interface Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cocis.2018.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Moir RD, Lathe R, Tanzi RE. The antimicrobial protection hypothesis of Alzheimer's disease. Alzheimers Dement 2018; 14:1602-1614. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2018.06.3040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 222] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2018] [Accepted: 06/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Robert D. Moir
- Genetics and Aging Research Unit; MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease; Department of Neurology; Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School; Charlestown MA USA
| | - Richard Lathe
- Division of Infection and Pathway Medicine; University of Edinburgh; Little France Edinburgh UK
| | - Rudolph E. Tanzi
- Genetics and Aging Research Unit; MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease; Department of Neurology; Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School; Charlestown MA USA
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Bondarev SA, Antonets KS, Kajava AV, Nizhnikov AA, Zhouravleva GA. Protein Co-Aggregation Related to Amyloids: Methods of Investigation, Diversity, and Classification. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19082292. [PMID: 30081572 PMCID: PMC6121665 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19082292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2018] [Revised: 07/29/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Amyloids are unbranched protein fibrils with a characteristic spatial structure. Although the amyloids were first described as protein deposits that are associated with the diseases, today it is becoming clear that these protein fibrils play multiple biological roles that are essential for different organisms, from archaea and bacteria to humans. The appearance of amyloid, first of all, causes changes in the intracellular quantity of the corresponding soluble protein(s), and at the same time the aggregate can include other proteins due to different molecular mechanisms. The co-aggregation may have different consequences even though usually this process leads to the depletion of a functional protein that may be associated with different diseases. The protein co-aggregation that is related to functional amyloids may mediate important biological processes and change of protein functions. In this review, we survey the known examples of the amyloid-related co-aggregation of proteins, discuss their pathogenic and functional roles, and analyze methods of their studies from bacteria and yeast to mammals. Such analysis allow for us to propose the following co-aggregation classes: (i) titration: deposition of soluble proteins on the amyloids formed by their functional partners, with such interactions mediated by a specific binding site; (ii) sequestration: interaction of amyloids with certain proteins lacking a specific binding site; (iii) axial co-aggregation of different proteins within the same amyloid fibril; and, (iv) lateral co-aggregation of amyloid fibrils, each formed by different proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stanislav A Bondarev
- Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, St. Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya nab., 7/9, St. Petersburg 199034, Russia.
- Laboratory of Amyloid Biology, St. Petersburg State University, Russia, Universitetskaya nab., 7/9, St. Petersburg 199034, Russia.
| | - Kirill S Antonets
- Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, St. Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya nab., 7/9, St. Petersburg 199034, Russia.
- Laboratory for Proteomics of Supra-Organismal Systems, All-Russia Research Institute for Agricultural Microbiology, Podbelskogo sh., 3, Pushkin, St. Petersburg 196608, Russia.
| | - Andrey V Kajava
- Centre de Recherche en Biologie cellulaire de Montpellier (CRBM), UMR 5237 CNRS, Université Montpellier 1919 Route de Mende, CEDEX 5, 34293 Montpellier, France.
- Institut de Biologie Computationnelle (IBC), 34095 Montpellier, France.
- University ITMO, Institute of Bioengineering, Kronverksky Pr. 49, St. Petersburg 197101, Russia.
| | - Anton A Nizhnikov
- Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, St. Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya nab., 7/9, St. Petersburg 199034, Russia.
- Laboratory for Proteomics of Supra-Organismal Systems, All-Russia Research Institute for Agricultural Microbiology, Podbelskogo sh., 3, Pushkin, St. Petersburg 196608, Russia.
| | - Galina A Zhouravleva
- Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, St. Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya nab., 7/9, St. Petersburg 199034, Russia.
- Laboratory of Amyloid Biology, St. Petersburg State University, Russia, Universitetskaya nab., 7/9, St. Petersburg 199034, Russia.
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Unveiling the Multifaceted Mechanisms of Antibacterial Activity of Buforin II and Frenatin 2.3S Peptides from Skin Micro-Organs of the Orinoco Lime Treefrog ( Sphaenorhynchus lacteus). Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19082170. [PMID: 30044391 PMCID: PMC6121439 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19082170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 07/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Amphibian skin is a rich source of natural compounds with diverse antimicrobial and immune defense properties. Our previous studies showed that the frog skin secretions obtained by skin micro-organs from various species of Colombian anurans have antimicrobial activities against bacteria and viruses. We purified for the first time two antimicrobial peptides from the skin micro-organs of the Orinoco lime treefrog (Sphaenorhynchus lacteus) that correspond to Buforin II (BF2) and Frenatin 2.3S (F2.3S). Here, we have synthesized the two peptides and tested them against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, observing an effective bactericidal activity at micromolar concentrations. Evaluation of BF2 and F2.3S membrane destabilization activity on bacterial cell cultures and synthetic lipid bilayers reveals a distinct membrane interaction mechanism. BF2 agglutinates E. coli cells and synthetic vesicles, whereas F2.3S shows a high depolarization and membrane destabilization activities. Interestingly, we found that F2.3S is able to internalize within bacterial cells and can bind nucleic acids, as previously reported for BF2. Moreover, bacterial exposure to both peptides alters the expression profile of genes related to stress and resistance response. Overall, these results show the multifaceted mechanism of action of both antimicrobial peptides that can provide alternative tools in the fight against bacterial resistance.
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Fulop T, Witkowski JM, Bourgade K, Khalil A, Zerif E, Larbi A, Hirokawa K, Pawelec G, Bocti C, Lacombe G, Dupuis G, Frost EH. Can an Infection Hypothesis Explain the Beta Amyloid Hypothesis of Alzheimer's Disease? Front Aging Neurosci 2018; 10:224. [PMID: 30087609 PMCID: PMC6066504 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2018.00224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2018] [Accepted: 07/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most frequent type of dementia. The pathological hallmarks of the disease are extracellular senile plaques composed of beta-amyloid peptide (Aβ) and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles composed of pTau. These findings led to the "beta-amyloid hypothesis" that proposes that Aβ is the major cause of AD. Clinical trials targeting Aβ in the brain have mostly failed, whether they attempted to decrease Aβ production by BACE inhibitors or by antibodies. These failures suggest a need to find new hypotheses to explain AD pathogenesis and generate new targets for intervention to prevent and treat the disease. Many years ago, the "infection hypothesis" was proposed, but received little attention. However, the recent discovery that Aβ is an antimicrobial peptide (AMP) acting against bacteria, fungi, and viruses gives increased credence to an infection hypothesis in the etiology of AD. We and others have shown that microbial infection increases the synthesis of this AMP. Here, we propose that the production of Aβ as an AMP will be beneficial on first microbial challenge but will become progressively detrimental as the infection becomes chronic and reactivates from time to time. Furthermore, we propose that host measures to remove excess Aβ decrease over time due to microglial senescence and microbial biofilm formation. We propose that this biofilm aggregates with Aβ to form the plaques in the brain of AD patients. In this review, we will develop this connection between Infection - Aβ - AD and discuss future possible treatments based on this paradigm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamas Fulop
- Division of Geriatrics, Department of Medicine, Research Center on Aging, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Jacek M. Witkowski
- Department of Pathophysiology, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Karine Bourgade
- Division of Geriatrics, Department of Medicine, Research Center on Aging, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Abdelouahed Khalil
- Division of Geriatrics, Department of Medicine, Research Center on Aging, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Echarki Zerif
- Division of Geriatrics, Department of Medicine, Research Center on Aging, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Anis Larbi
- Singapore Immunology Network, ASTAR, Biopolis, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Katsuiku Hirokawa
- Department of Pathology, Nitobe Memorial Nakano General Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Graham Pawelec
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Center for Medical Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Health Sciences North Research Institute, Greater Sudbury, ON, Canada
| | - Christian Bocti
- Division of Geriatrics, Department of Medicine, Research Center on Aging, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Guy Lacombe
- Division of Geriatrics, Department of Medicine, Research Center on Aging, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Gilles Dupuis
- Department of Biochemistry, Graduate Programme of Immunology, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Eric H. Frost
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
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48
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Eimer WA, Vijaya Kumar DK, Navalpur Shanmugam NK, Rodriguez AS, Mitchell T, Washicosky KJ, György B, Breakefield XO, Tanzi RE, Moir RD. Alzheimer's Disease-Associated β-Amyloid Is Rapidly Seeded by Herpesviridae to Protect against Brain Infection. Neuron 2018; 99:56-63.e3. [PMID: 30001512 PMCID: PMC6075814 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2018.06.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 388] [Impact Index Per Article: 64.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Revised: 06/18/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Amyloid-β peptide (Aβ) fibrilization and deposition as β-amyloid are hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology. We recently reported Aβ is an innate immune protein that protects against fungal and bacterial infections. Fibrilization pathways mediate Aβ antimicrobial activities. Thus, infection can seed and dramatically accelerate β-amyloid deposition. Here, we show Aβ oligomers bind herpesvirus surface glycoproteins, accelerating β-amyloid deposition and leading to protective viral entrapment activity in 5XFAD mouse and 3D human neural cell culture infection models against neurotropic herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV1) and human herpesvirus 6A and B. Herpesviridae are linked to AD, but it has been unclear how viruses may induce β-amyloidosis in brain. These data support the notion that Aβ might play a protective role in CNS innate immunity, and suggest an AD etiological mechanism in which herpesviridae infection may directly promote Aβ amyloidosis.
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MESH Headings
- Alzheimer Disease/metabolism
- Alzheimer Disease/virology
- Amyloid beta-Peptides/metabolism
- Amyloidosis/metabolism
- Amyloidosis/virology
- Animals
- Brain/metabolism
- Brain/virology
- Cells, Cultured
- Disease Models, Animal
- Encephalitis, Herpes Simplex/metabolism
- Encephalitis, Herpes Simplex/virology
- Encephalitis, Viral/metabolism
- Encephalitis, Viral/virology
- Herpesviridae
- Herpesvirus 1, Human
- Herpesvirus 6, Human
- Humans
- Mice
- Mice, Transgenic
- Neurofibrillary Tangles/metabolism
- Neurons
- Plaque, Amyloid/metabolism
- Roseolovirus Infections/metabolism
- Roseolovirus Infections/virology
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Affiliation(s)
- William A Eimer
- Genetics and Aging Research Unit, MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA; Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Deepak Kumar Vijaya Kumar
- Genetics and Aging Research Unit, MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA; Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Nanda Kumar Navalpur Shanmugam
- Genetics and Aging Research Unit, MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA; Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Alex S Rodriguez
- Genetics and Aging Research Unit, MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA; Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Teryn Mitchell
- Genetics and Aging Research Unit, MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA; Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Kevin J Washicosky
- Genetics and Aging Research Unit, MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA; Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Bence György
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Xandra O Breakefield
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Rudolph E Tanzi
- Genetics and Aging Research Unit, MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA; Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA.
| | - Robert D Moir
- Genetics and Aging Research Unit, MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA; Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA.
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49
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Spitzer P, Lang R, Oberstein TJ, Lewczuk P, Ermann N, Huttner HB, Masouris I, Kornhuber J, Ködel U, Maler JM. A Specific Reduction in Aβ 1-42 vs. a Universal Loss of Aβ Peptides in CSF Differentiates Alzheimer's Disease From Meningitis and Multiple Sclerosis. Front Aging Neurosci 2018; 10:152. [PMID: 29881343 PMCID: PMC5976781 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2018.00152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Accepted: 05/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
A reduced concentration of Aβ1−42 in CSF is one of the established biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease. Reduced CSF concentrations of Aβ1−42 have also been shown in multiple sclerosis, viral encephalitis and bacterial meningitis. As neuroinflammation is one of the neuropathological hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease, an infectious origin of the disease has been proposed. According to this hypothesis, amyloid pathology is a consequence of a microbial infection and the resulting immune defense. Accordingly, changes in CSF levels of amyloid-β peptides should be similar in AD and inflammatory brain diseases. Aβ1−42 and Aβ1−40 levels were measured in cerebrospinal fluid by ELISA and Western blotting in 34 patients with bacterial meningitis (n = 9), multiple sclerosis (n = 5) or Alzheimer's disease (n = 9) and in suitable controls (n = 11). Reduced concentrations of Aβ1−42 were detected in patients with bacterial meningitis, multiple sclerosis and Alzheimer's disease. However, due to a concurrent reduction in Aβ1−40 in multiple sclerosis and meningitis patients, the ratio of Aβ1−42/Aβ1−40 was reduced only in the CSF of Alzheimer's disease patients. Urea-SDS-PAGE followed by Western blotting revealed that all Aβ peptide variants are reduced in bacterial meningitis, whereas in Alzheimer's disease, only Aβ1−42 is reduced. These results have two implications. First, they confirm the discriminatory diagnostic power of the Aβ1−42/Aβ1−40 ratio. Second, the differential pattern of Aβ peptide reductions suggests that the amyloid pathology in meningitis and multiple sclerosis differs from that in AD and does not support the notion of AD as an infection-triggered immunopathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Spitzer
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Roland Lang
- Institute of Clinical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Timo J Oberstein
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Piotr Lewczuk
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany.,Department of Neurodegeneration Diagnostics, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Natalia Ermann
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Hagen B Huttner
- Department of Neurology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Ilias Masouris
- Department of Neurology, Ludwig-Maximilian-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Johannes Kornhuber
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Uwe Ködel
- Department of Neurology, Ludwig-Maximilian-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Juan M Maler
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
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50
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Lu L, Li J, Moussaoui M, Boix E. Immune Modulation by Human Secreted RNases at the Extracellular Space. Front Immunol 2018; 9:1012. [PMID: 29867984 PMCID: PMC5964141 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The ribonuclease A superfamily is a vertebrate-specific family of proteins that encompasses eight functional members in humans. The proteins are secreted by diverse innate immune cells, from blood cells to epithelial cells and their levels in our body fluids correlate with infection and inflammation processes. Recent studies ascribe a prominent role to secretory RNases in the extracellular space. Extracellular RNases endowed with immuno-modulatory and antimicrobial properties can participate in a wide variety of host defense tasks, from performing cellular housekeeping to maintaining body fluid sterility. Their expression and secretion are induced in response to a variety of injury stimuli. The secreted proteins can target damaged cells and facilitate their removal from the focus of infection or inflammation. Following tissue damage, RNases can participate in clearing RNA from cellular debris or work as signaling molecules to regulate the host response and contribute to tissue remodeling and repair. We provide here an overall perspective on the current knowledge of human RNases’ biological properties and their role in health and disease. The review also includes a brief description of other vertebrate family members and unrelated extracellular RNases that share common mechanisms of action. A better knowledge of RNase mechanism of actions and an understanding of their physiological roles should facilitate the development of novel therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Lu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - Jiarui Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - Mohammed Moussaoui
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - Ester Boix
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
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