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Di Marco F, Hipgrave Ederveen AL, van Schaick G, Moran AB, Domínguez-Vega E, Nicolardi S, Blöchl C, Koeleman CA, Danuser R, Al Kaabi A, Dotz V, Grijpstra J, Beurret M, Anish C, Wuhrer M. Comprehensive characterization of bacterial glycoconjugate vaccines by liquid chromatography - mass spectrometry. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 341:122327. [PMID: 38876725 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2024.122327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024]
Abstract
Bacterial pathogens can cause a broad range of infections with detrimental effects on health. Vaccine development is essential as multi-drug resistance in bacterial infections is a rising concern. Recombinantly produced proteins carrying O-antigen glycosylation are promising glycoconjugate vaccine candidates to prevent bacterial infections. However, methods for their comprehensive structural characterization are lacking. Here, we present a bottom-up approach for their site-specific characterization, detecting N-glycopeptides by nano reversed-phase liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (RP-LC-MS). Glycopeptide analyses revealed information on partial site-occupancy and site-specific glycosylation heterogeneity and helped corroborate the polysaccharide structures and their modifications. Bottom-up analysis was complemented by intact glycoprotein analysis using nano RP-LC-MS allowing the fast visualization of the polysaccharide distribution in the intact glycoconjugate. At the glycopeptide level, the model glycoconjugates analyzed showed different repeat unit (RU) distributions that spanned from 1 to 21 RUs attached to each of the different glycosylation sites. Interestingly, the intact glycoprotein analysis displayed a RU distribution ranging from 1 to 28 RUs, showing the predominant species when the different glycopeptide distributions are combined in the intact glycoconjugate. The complete workflow based on LC-MS measurements allows detailed and comprehensive analysis of the glycosylation state of glycoconjugate vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiammetta Di Marco
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Agnes L Hipgrave Ederveen
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Guusje van Schaick
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Alan B Moran
- Bacterial Vaccines Discovery and Early Development, Janssen Vaccines and Prevention B.V., Archimedesweg 4-6, 2333 CN Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Elena Domínguez-Vega
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Simone Nicolardi
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Constantin Blöchl
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Carolien A Koeleman
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Renzo Danuser
- Janssen Vaccines AG (Branch of Cilag GmbH International), Rehhagstrasse 79, CH-3018 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Ali Al Kaabi
- Janssen Vaccines AG (Branch of Cilag GmbH International), Rehhagstrasse 79, CH-3018 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Viktoria Dotz
- Bacterial Vaccines Discovery and Early Development, Janssen Vaccines and Prevention B.V., Archimedesweg 4-6, 2333 CN Leiden, the Netherlands; BioTherapeutics Analytical Development, Janssen Biologics B.V., Einsteinweg 101, 2333 CB Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Jan Grijpstra
- Bacterial Vaccines Discovery and Early Development, Janssen Vaccines and Prevention B.V., Archimedesweg 4-6, 2333 CN Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Michel Beurret
- Bacterial Vaccines Discovery and Early Development, Janssen Vaccines and Prevention B.V., Archimedesweg 4-6, 2333 CN Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Chakkumkal Anish
- Bacterial Vaccines Discovery and Early Development, Janssen Vaccines and Prevention B.V., Archimedesweg 4-6, 2333 CN Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Manfred Wuhrer
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, the Netherlands.
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Gebregziabher NK, Netsereab TB, Franchesko BT, Ghebreamlak HH, Yihdego NM. Prevalence of self-medication practices with antibiotics and associated factors among students in five colleges in Eritrea: a cross-sectional study. Antimicrob Resist Infect Control 2024; 13:106. [PMID: 39300551 DOI: 10.1186/s13756-024-01466-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 09/14/2024] [Indexed: 09/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite their significant contribution to reducing mortality and morbidity from infectious diseases, antibiotics face challenges due to their inappropriate use, one of which is self-medication. This study assessed the prevalence of|| self-medication with antibiotics among Eritrean college students and its associated factors. METHODS An analytical cross-sectional study evaluated the prevalence of self-medication with antibiotics among students from five colleges from September 2019 to February 2020. Participants were selected through simple random sampling, and each participant completed a structured questionnaire covering socio-demographic characteristics, knowledge and attitudes toward antibiotics, and self-medication practices. Logistic regression analysis was employed to identify factors associated with self-medication with antibiotics. RESULTS The study distributed 380 questionnaires, with 375 returned, yielding a response rate of 98.68%. Findings revealed that 80.3% of participants were familiar with antibiotics. Additionally, 18.8% agreed with non-prescription antibiotic use for simple ailments. Of the 252 respondents who answered, 67.1% reported self-medication with antibiotics. Within the preceding six months, the prevalence of such self-medication was 34.3%. Factors associated with self-medication included college affiliation, with participants from the College of Science (COS) exhibiting lower odds (AOR = 0.38, 95% CI: 0.16-0.91, p = 0.03) compared to the College of Business and Social Sciences (CBSS) students. Those living in dormitories had 2.4 times higher odds (AOR = 2.42, 95% CI: 1.7-5.02, p = 0.017) to self-medicate compared to those living with family. Moreover, individuals unaware of antibiotic resistance had higher odds (AOR = 2.41, 95% CI: 1.24-4.7, p = 0.009) of self-medication. Attitude score was also significantly associated with self-medication (AOR = 0.88, 95% CI: 0.8-0.98, p = 0.027). CONCLUSIONS These results highlight the necessity for tailored educational programs to advocate for appropriate antibiotic utilization and mitigate the prevalent misuse of antibiotics among college students. Initiatives focused on increasing knowledge about the dangers linked with self-medication and advocating for conscientious antibiotic usage are essential in combating the escalating challenge of antibiotic resistance and safeguarding public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahom Kiros Gebregziabher
- Department of Community Medicine, Orotta College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Asmara, Eritrea.
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
| | - Tesfit Brhane Netsereab
- Department of Community Medicine, Orotta College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Asmara, Eritrea
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Da Silva Carvalho C. Knowledge and perception of antibiotic resistance and stewardship among pre-health and agriculture undergraduate students. JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY & BIOLOGY EDUCATION 2024:e0006924. [PMID: 39291990 DOI: 10.1128/jmbe.00069-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 08/22/2024] [Indexed: 09/19/2024]
Abstract
The global threat of antibiotic-resistant infections has resulted in health organizations compiling an Antibiotic Stewardship Program (ASP), in which the education of current and future medical prescribers and farmers is central to the preservation of current and future antimicrobial treatments. The purpose of this study was to assess and compare the knowledge and perceived threat of antibiotics and antibiotic resistance, as well as the perceived benefit of antibiotic stewardship education, among undergraduate students majoring in Biology and Agriculture at Fort Hays State University. I hypothesized that the difference in knowledge and perceptions between Biology and Agriculture students would be significantly different because of differences in curriculum requirements. Framed by the health belief model (HBM), a quantitative cross-sectional study was conducted using a structured online survey of 136 undergraduate student participants. A χ2 analysis was used to assess differences between the respondents in their knowledge and perceptions of antibiotics, antibiotic resistance, and antibiotic stewardship education at the undergraduate level. Results showed that, although Agriculture students perceived antibiotic resistance as less threatening than Biology/pre-health students, both undergraduate groups were knowledgeable about the problem and wanted more academic education on the issue. These findings create a solid foundation to initiate a conversation on the curriculum development to meet ASP goals and objectives at the undergraduate level while contributing to an ongoing international effort to educate future prescribers and farmers on the importance of antibiotics in medicine and farming and to reduce antibiotic resistance.
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Shi YZ, Wang ZJ, Shi N, Bai LY, Jiang YM, Jiang L, Liu T, Wei MZ, Qin ML, Luo XD. Anti-MRSA mechanism of spirostane saponin in Rohdea pachynema F.T.Wang & tang. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 331:118327. [PMID: 38750987 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY RELEVANCE Rohdea pachynema F.T.Wang & Tang (R. pachynema), is a traditional folk medicine used for the treatment of stomach pain, stomach ulcers, bruises, and skin infections in China. Some of the diseases may relate to microbial infections in traditional applications. However few reports on its antimicrobial properties and bioactive components. AIM OF THE STUDY To identify its bioactive constituents against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in vitro and in vivo, and its mechanism. MATERIALS AND METHODS The anti-MRSA ingredient 6α-O-[β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1 → 3)-β-D-quinovopyranosyl]-(25S)-5α-spirostan-3β-ol (XQS) was obtained from R. pachynema by phytochemical isolation. Subsequently, XQS underwent screening using the broth microdilution method and growth inhibition curves to assess its antibacterial activity. The mechanism of XQS was evaluated by multigeneration induction, biofilm resistance assay, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and metabolomics. Additionally, a mouse skin infection model was established in vivo. RESULTS 26 compounds were identified from the R. pachynema, in which anti-MRSA spirostane saponin (XQS) was reported for the first time with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 8 μg/mL. XQS might bind to peptidoglycan (PGN) of the cell wall, phosphatidylglycerol (PG), and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) of the cell membrane, then destroying the cell wall and the cell membrane, resulting in reduced membrane fluidity and membrane depolarization. Furthermore, XQS affected MRSA lipid metabolism, amino acid metabolism, and ABC transporters by metabolomics analysis, which targeted cell walls and membranes causing less susceptibility to drug resistance. Furthermore, XQS (8 mg/kg) recovered skin wounds in mice infected by MRSA effectively, superior to vancomycin (8 mg/kg). CONCLUSIONS XQS showed anti-MRSA bioactivity in vitro and in vivo, and its mechanism association with cell walls and membranes was reported for the first, which supported the traditional uses of R. pachynema and explained its sensitivity to MRSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang-Zhu Shi
- Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education and Yunnan Province, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhao-Jie Wang
- Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education and Yunnan Province, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, People's Republic of China
| | - Nian Shi
- Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education and Yunnan Province, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Yu Bai
- Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education and Yunnan Province, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue-Ming Jiang
- Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education and Yunnan Province, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling Jiang
- Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education and Yunnan Province, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, People's Republic of China
| | - Tie Liu
- Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education and Yunnan Province, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, People's Republic of China
| | - Mei-Zheng Wei
- Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education and Yunnan Province, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, People's Republic of China
| | - Ma-Long Qin
- Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education and Yunnan Province, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Dong Luo
- Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education and Yunnan Province, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, People's Republic of China; State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, People's Republic of China.
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Nguyen VN, Nguyen VB, Tran MD, Doan MD, Nguyen DS, Nguyen TH, Doan CT, Tran TN, Wang SL, Nguyen AD. Enhancing the antibacterial activity of ampicillin loaded into chitosan/starch nanocomposites against AMR Staphylococcusaureus. Carbohydr Res 2024; 545:109274. [PMID: 39303315 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2024.109274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2024] [Revised: 09/08/2024] [Accepted: 09/11/2024] [Indexed: 09/22/2024]
Abstract
Ampicillin (Amp), an antibiotic, is widely used to treat bacterial infections in humans and livestock, but recently the rate of resistance has increased rapidly. The aim of this work was to enhancing the antibacterial effect of this compound against AMR Staphylococcus aureus via loading Amp into chitosan/starch nanocomposites by spray drying technique. The results showed that the different ratio of chitosan gel and starch gel used in preparing the nanocomposites can affect its properties and performance. The size distribution of the nanocomposite particles was ranging from 122.0 to 816.9 nm. The zeta potential values of the nanocomposites range from +29.47 to +93.07 mV, indicating the stability of the particles and their tendency to repel each other. Ampicillin was loaded into the chitosan/starch nanocomposites with encapsulation efficiency of 70.7-77.3 %, then their releasing and antibacterial effect against AMR S. aureus were investigated. The results indicated that antibacterial activity of chitosan/starch nanocomposites loaded ampicillin was much higher than ampicillin alone. Chitosan/starch nanocomposites loaded ampicillin at concentration 5.0 μg/mL inhibited 88.6 % growth of S. aureus to a similar extent as 7.5 μg/mL of ampicillin alone. Additionally, at same 7.5 μg/mL ampicillin concentration, the nanocomposites loaded ampicillin showed a higher inhibitory rate (93.27 %) compared to ampicillin alone (88.96 %) over a 12 h-period. Especially, the antibacterial activity of chitosan/starch nanocomposites loaded ampicillin still maintained their effectiveness over 48 h (95.43 %) while those the ampicillin decreased down to 85.76 %. This research highlights the potential of using the chitosan/starch nanocomposites as nanocarriers for ampicillin to enhance its antibacterial activity against AMR Staphylococcus aureus. This approach could be a promising strategy to combat antimicrobial resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinh Nghi Nguyen
- Ninh Thuan Hospital, Phan Rang-Thap Cham City, 59000, Viet Nam; Institute of Biotechnology and Environment, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot, 630000, Viet Nam
| | - Van Bon Nguyen
- Institute of Biotechnology and Environment, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot, 630000, Viet Nam
| | - Minh Dinh Tran
- Institute of Biotechnology and Environment, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot, 630000, Viet Nam
| | - Manh Dung Doan
- Institute of Biotechnology and Environment, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot, 630000, Viet Nam
| | - Dinh Sy Nguyen
- Institute of Biotechnology and Environment, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot, 630000, Viet Nam
| | - Thi Huyen Nguyen
- Institute of Biotechnology and Environment, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot, 630000, Viet Nam
| | - Chien Thang Doan
- Faculty of Natural Science and Technology, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot, 630000, Viet Nam
| | - Thi Ngoc Tran
- Faculty of Natural Science and Technology, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot, 630000, Viet Nam
| | - San Lang Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Tamkang University, New Taipei City, 25137, Taiwan; Life Science Development Center, Tamkang University, New Taipei City, 25137, Taiwan.
| | - Anh Dzung Nguyen
- Institute of Biotechnology and Environment, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot, 630000, Viet Nam.
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Moolasart V, Nitiyanontakij R, Samadchai S, Srisopha S, Atiburanakul P, Chottanapund S, Uttayamakul S. Prevalence of Co-Infections and Pathogens in Hospitalized Children with Acute Respiratory Infections: A Comparative Analysis Between SARS-CoV-2 and Non-SARS-CoV-2 Cases. Glob Pediatr Health 2024; 11:2333794X241275267. [PMID: 39281355 PMCID: PMC11402073 DOI: 10.1177/2333794x241275267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 07/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 09/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives. We aimed to compare the prevalence of co-infections, pathogens, and factors associated with SARS-CoV-2 acute respiratory infection (ARI) and non-SARS-CoV-2 ARI, among hospitalized children. Methods. We conducted an observational cross-sectional study of hospitalized children <15 years with ARI, and lasting respiratory symptoms <14 days, using polymerase chain reaction on nasopharyngeal specimens. Results. Of the 184 children with ARI analyzed, 122 were infected with SARS-CoV-2 and 62 were not. SARS-CoV-2 ARI had a significantly lower rate of co-infection than non-SARS-CoV-2 ARI (2.5% vs14.5%, P = .003). SARS-CoV-2 ARI children were significantly associated with a less empirical antibiotics (aOR = 0.09, CI = 0.03-0.21; P = .000), more pneumonia (aOR = 5.15, CI = 1.77-14.95; P = .003), and more abnormal chest X-ray (aOR = 2.81, CI = 1.38-5.71; P = .004). Conclusions. Although SARS-CoV-2 ARI in hospitalized children was associated with pneumonia and abnormal chest x-rays, empirical antibiotics may not be necessary for treating mild to moderate cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Visal Moolasart
- Bamrasnaradura Infectious Diseases Institute, Ministry of Public Health, Nonthaburi, Thailand
| | - Ravee Nitiyanontakij
- Bamrasnaradura Infectious Diseases Institute, Ministry of Public Health, Nonthaburi, Thailand
| | - Srisuda Samadchai
- Bamrasnaradura Infectious Diseases Institute, Ministry of Public Health, Nonthaburi, Thailand
| | - Somkid Srisopha
- Bamrasnaradura Infectious Diseases Institute, Ministry of Public Health, Nonthaburi, Thailand
| | - Priyanut Atiburanakul
- Bamrasnaradura Infectious Diseases Institute, Ministry of Public Health, Nonthaburi, Thailand
| | - Suthat Chottanapund
- Bamrasnaradura Infectious Diseases Institute, Ministry of Public Health, Nonthaburi, Thailand
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Saikia S, Chetia P. Antibiotics: From Mechanism of Action to Resistance and Beyond. Indian J Microbiol 2024; 64:821-845. [PMID: 39282166 PMCID: PMC11399512 DOI: 10.1007/s12088-024-01285-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 09/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Antibiotics are the super drugs that have revolutionized modern medicine by curing many infectious diseases caused by various microbes. They efficiently inhibit the growth and multiplication of the pathogenic microbes without causing adverse effects on the host. However, prescribing suboptimal antibiotic and overuse in agriculture and animal husbandry have led to the emergence of antimicrobial resistance, one of the most serious threats to global health at present. The efficacy of a new antibiotic is high when introduced; however, a small bacterial population attains resistance gradually and eventually survives. Understanding the mode of action of these miracle drugs, as well as their interaction with targets is very complex. However, it is necessary to fulfill the constant need for novel therapeutic alternatives to address the inevitable development of resistance. Therefore, considering the need of the hour, this article has been prepared to discuss the mode of action and recent advancements in the field of antibiotics. Efforts has also been made to highlight the current scenario of antimicrobial resistance and drug repurposing as a fast-track solution to combat the issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shyamalima Saikia
- Molecular Plant Taxonomy and Bioinformatics Research Laboratory, Department of Life Sciences, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh, Assam 786004 India
| | - Pankaj Chetia
- Department of Life Sciences, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh, Assam 786004 India
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Ahmed MS, Abdulrahman ZFA, Taha ZMA. The effect of silver nanoparticles on the antimicrobial activity of cloned nisin against extensively drug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii". J Infect Public Health 2024; 17:102501. [PMID: 39126907 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiph.2024.102501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2024] [Revised: 06/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Antibiotic resistance is a global threat to human health that leads to disasters. Acinetobacter baumannii cannot be controlled by the existing antibiotics, and it became challenging. Therefore, novel antibacterial agents are required to combat such threats. The aim of this project is to find a novel antimicrobial agent to treat this multi-drug resistant bacterium. METHODS The NisA gene was isolated from Lactococcus lactis spp. lactis and cloned into the pET-3a plasmid using Gibson cloning assembly. Purified Nisin from cloning was conjugated with silver nanoparticles. Finally, an assessment of antibacterial activity for each of the purified Nisin, Silver nanoparticles, and Nisin-Silver nanoparticles conjugate against the extensively drug-resistant A. baumannii was performed. RESULTS Nisin was successfully purified from cloned bacteria, and the concentration was 416 µg/ml. The conjugation of nisin and silver nanoparticles was analyzed by electron microscopy. The minimum inhibitory concentration of Nisin and silver nanoparticles against A. baumannii were 104 µg/ml and 125 µg/ml, respectively. While Nisin-silver nanoparticle conjugates showed potent antimicrobial activity with MIC 125-52 µg/ml in which silver nanoparticles increased the antimicrobial activity of nisin beyond its optimum concentration (104 µg/ml). CONCLUSION: The development of new antibacterial agents is necessary to control extensively drug-resistant bacteria. Nisin-silver conjugates showed more potent antimicrobial activity than when applied separately and gave hope to combat the multi-drug resistant A. baumannii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meqdad Saleh Ahmed
- College of Veterinary Medicine Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Duhok, Iraq.
| | - Zirak F A Abdulrahman
- College of Education, Department of Biology, Salahaddin University-Erbil, Erbil, Iraq
| | - Zanan Mohammed Ameen Taha
- College of Veterinary Medicine Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Director of Duhok Research Center, University of Duhok, Iraq
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Guercetti J, Pascual N, Aviñó A, Eritja R, Salvador JP, Marco MP. DNA-directed immobilization fluorescent immunoarray for multiplexed antibiotic residue determination in milk. Anal Bioanal Chem 2024:10.1007/s00216-024-05481-9. [PMID: 39196335 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-024-05481-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2024] [Revised: 08/01/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024]
Abstract
The presence of antibiotic residues in cow's milk entails high risk for consumers, the dairy industry, and the environment. Therefore, the development of highly specific and sensitive screening tools for the rapid and cost-effective identification of traces of these compounds is urgently needed. A multiplexed screening platform utilizing DNA-directed immobilization (DDI) was developed aiming to detect three classes of antibiotic residues (fluoroquinolones, sulfonamides, and tylosin) prevalently found in milk. Throughout this work, each oligonucleotide sequence was conjugated to a different hapten molecule, while the three complementary strands were immobilized in 24 independent microarray chips on a single glass slide. First, the array was incubated with the pool of hapten-oligonucleotide conjugate site encoded the signal through DNA hybridization. Next, commercial milk samples were incubated with the cocktail of monoclonal antibodies following a secondary fluorophore-labeled antibody which was required for fluorescent readout. Direct sample detection was achieved in milk diluting 20 times in assay buffer. The limits of detection (LODs) reached were 1.43 µg kg-1, 1.67 µg kg-1, and 0.89 µg kg-1 for TYLA, STZ, and CIP, respectively, which represented in raw milk 7.15 µg kg-1, 8.35 µg kg-1, and 4.45 µg kg-1 for TYLA, STZ, and CIP, respectively, that are below the EU regulatory limits. Cross-reactivity profiles were evaluated against the family of structurally related antibiotics in order to demonstrate the capability to detect antibiotics from the same family of compounds. A pre-validation study was performed by spiking 20 blind samples above and below the maximum residue limits established by the EU guidelines. The system was successfully implemented towards randomized sample classification as compliant or non-compliant. The proposed DDI-based immunoarray provides a fast and cost-effective alternative to obtain semi-quantitative information about the presence of three veterinary residues simultaneously in milk samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Guercetti
- Nanobiotechnology for Diagnostics (Nb4D), Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Nanotechnology, Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC), Spanish Council for Scientific Research (CSIC), Jordi Girona 18-26, Barcelona, 08034, Spain
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Madrid, Spain
| | - N Pascual
- Nanobiotechnology for Diagnostics (Nb4D), Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Nanotechnology, Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC), Spanish Council for Scientific Research (CSIC), Jordi Girona 18-26, Barcelona, 08034, Spain
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Madrid, Spain
| | - A Aviñó
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Madrid, Spain
- Nucleic Acid Chemistry Group, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Nanotechnology, Institute of Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Jordi Girona 18-26, Barcelona, 08034, Spain
| | - R Eritja
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Madrid, Spain
- Nucleic Acid Chemistry Group, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Nanotechnology, Institute of Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Jordi Girona 18-26, Barcelona, 08034, Spain
| | - J-P Salvador
- Nanobiotechnology for Diagnostics (Nb4D), Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Nanotechnology, Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC), Spanish Council for Scientific Research (CSIC), Jordi Girona 18-26, Barcelona, 08034, Spain.
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Madrid, Spain.
| | - M-P Marco
- Nanobiotechnology for Diagnostics (Nb4D), Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Nanotechnology, Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC), Spanish Council for Scientific Research (CSIC), Jordi Girona 18-26, Barcelona, 08034, Spain
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Madrid, Spain
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Tejeda MI, Fernández J, Valledor P, Almirall C, Barberán J, Romero-Brufau S. Retrospective validation study of a machine learning-based software for empirical and organism-targeted antibiotic therapy selection. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2024:e0077724. [PMID: 39194206 DOI: 10.1128/aac.00777-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Errors in antibiotic prescriptions are frequent, often resulting from the inadequate coverage of the infection-causative microorganism. The efficacy of iAST, a machine-learning-based software offering empirical and organism-targeted antibiotic recommendations, was assessed. The study was conducted in a 12-hospital Spanish institution. After model fine-tuning with 27,531 historical antibiograms, 325 consecutive patients with acute infections were selected for retrospective validation. The primary endpoint was comparing each of the top three of iAST's antibiotic recommendations' success rates (confirmed by antibiogram results) with the antibiotic prescribed by the physicians. Secondary endpoints included examining the same hypothesis within specific study population subgroups and assessing antibiotic stewardship by comparing the percentage of antibiotics recommended that belonged to different World Health Organization AWaRe groups within each arm of the study. All of iAST first three recommendations were non-inferior to doctor prescription in the primary endpoint analysis population as well as the secondary endpoint. The overall success rate of doctors' empirical treatment was 68.93%, while that of the first three iAST options was 91.06% (P < 0.001), 90.63% (P < 0.001), and 91.06% (P < 001), respectively. For organism-targeted therapy, the doctor's overall success rate was 84.16%, and that of the first three ranked iAST options was 97.83% (P < 0.001), 94.09% (P < 0.001), and 91.30% (P < 0.001), respectively. In empirical therapy, compared to physician prescriptions, iAST demonstrated a greater propensity to recommend access antibiotics, fewer watch antibiotics, and higher reserve antibiotics. In organism-targeted therapy, iAST advised a higher utilization of access antibiotics. The present study demonstrates iAST accuracy in predicting antibiotic susceptibility, showcasing its potential to promote effective antibiotic stewardship. CLINICAL TRIALS This study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov as NCT06174519.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Isabel Tejeda
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Hospital Universitario HM Montepríncipe, Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Fernández
- Research and Innovation Department, Pragmatech AI Solutions, Oviedo, Spain
- Microbiology Department, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
- Microbiology and Infectious Pathology, ISPA, Oviedo, Spain
- Functional Biology Department, Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Pablo Valledor
- Research and Innovation Department, Pragmatech AI Solutions, Oviedo, Spain
| | | | - José Barberán
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Hospital Universitario HM Montepríncipe, Madrid, Spain
- HM Faculty of Health Sciences, University Camilo Jose Cela, Madrid, Spain
| | - Santiago Romero-Brufau
- Research and Innovation Department, Pragmatech AI Solutions, Oviedo, Spain
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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11
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Mandujano-Hernández A, Martínez-Vázquez AV, Paz-González AD, Herrera-Mayorga V, Sánchez-Sánchez M, Lara-Ramírez EE, Vázquez K, de Jesús de Luna-Santillana E, Bocanegra-García V, Rivera G. The Global Rise of ESBL-Producing Escherichia coli in the Livestock Sector: A Five-Year Overview. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:2490. [PMID: 39272275 PMCID: PMC11394230 DOI: 10.3390/ani14172490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2024] [Revised: 08/20/2024] [Accepted: 08/24/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024] Open
Abstract
β-lactam antibiotics are a key element in the treatment of bacterial infections. However, the excessive use of these antibiotics has contributed to the emergence of β-lactam-resistant enterobacteria, including Escherichia coli. One of the main challenges facing the public health sector is antibacterial resistance (ABR), mainly due to limited options in its pharmacological treatment. Currently, extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) present an alarming situation, as there is an increase in morbidity and mortality rates, prolonged hospital stays, and increased costs for sanitary supplies, which involve not only humans but also the environment and animals, especially animals destined for food production. This review presents an analysis of the prevalence of ESBL-producing E. coli and its distribution in different animal sources throughout the world, providing an understanding of the association with resistance and virulence genes, as well as perceiving the population structure of E. coli.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Alma D Paz-González
- Centro de Biotecnología Genómica, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Reynosa 88710, Mexico
| | - Verónica Herrera-Mayorga
- Unidad Académica Multidisciplinaria Mante, Universidad Autónoma de Tamaulipas, Mante 89840, Mexico
| | - Mario Sánchez-Sánchez
- Laboratorio de Fisiología Vegetal, Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo A.C., Hermosillo 83304, Mexico
| | - Edgar E Lara-Ramírez
- Centro de Biotecnología Genómica, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Reynosa 88710, Mexico
| | - Karina Vázquez
- Facultad de Medicina y Veterinaria Zootecnia, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, General Escobedo 66050, Mexico
| | | | | | - Gildardo Rivera
- Centro de Biotecnología Genómica, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Reynosa 88710, Mexico
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12
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Duarte LMP, Santiago IDD, Blanco KC, Bagnato VS. Use of photodynamic therapy to combat recurrent pharyngotonsillitis: Three case reports. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2024; 49:104312. [PMID: 39181491 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2024.104312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2024] [Revised: 07/13/2024] [Accepted: 08/19/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pharyngotonsillitis (PT) is an inflammatory and infectious condition affecting the tonsils in the oropharynx, predominantly caused by a variety of viral, fungal, and bacterial pathogens, including Streptococcus pyogenes. With the increasing challenge of antibiotic resistance, alternative therapeutic approaches are needed. METHODS This study explores the effectiveness and safety of Photodynamic Therapy (PDT) as a therapeutic approach for managing acute PT. PDT involves the use of a photosensitizer, light, and molecular oxygen. We utilized a curcumin-based photosensitizer incorporated into a gum formulation, followed by exposure to blue LED irradiation (455 ± 30 nm, intensity of 200 mW for 6 min) with 1 to 2 PDT sessions depending on the clinical case. RESULTS The treatment's impact was assessed through systematic monitoring of clinical progression post-treatment, encompassing clinical history, examination, and follow-up. In all three cases examined, PDT was observed to effectively eradicate the infection and prevent its recurrence during the period evaluated. CONCLUSION Photodynamic Therapy, using a curcumin-based photosensitizer and blue LED light, appears to be a promising alternative to traditional antibiotics for the treatment of PT, demonstrating both efficacy in infection eradication and safety in application. Further studies are recommended to substantiate these findings and explore long-term outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Kate Cristina Blanco
- Institute of Physics of São Carlos, University of São Paulo, São Carlos, SP, Brazil.
| | - Vanderlei Salvador Bagnato
- Institute of Physics of São Carlos, University of São Paulo, São Carlos, SP, Brazil; Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
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13
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Labib MM, Alqahtani AM, Abo Nahas HH, Aldossari RM, Almiman BF, Ayman Alnumaani S, El-Nablaway M, Al-Olayan E, Alsunbul M, Saied EM. Novel Insights into the Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Activity of Pyrroloquinoline Quinone (PQQ); In Vitro, In Silico, and Shotgun Proteomic Studies. Biomolecules 2024; 14:1018. [PMID: 39199405 PMCID: PMC11352295 DOI: 10.3390/biom14081018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2024] [Revised: 08/11/2024] [Accepted: 08/12/2024] [Indexed: 09/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Microbial infections pose a significant global health threat, affecting millions of individuals and leading to substantial mortality rates. The increasing resistance of microorganisms to conventional treatments requires the development of novel antimicrobial agents. Pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ), a natural medicinal drug involved in various cellular processes, holds promise as a potential antimicrobial agent. In the present study, our aim was, for the first time, to explore the antimicrobial activity of PQQ against 29 pathogenic microbes, including 13 fungal strains, 8 Gram-positive bacteria, and 8 Gram-negative bacteria. Our findings revealed potent antifungal properties of PQQ, particularly against Syncephalastrum racemosum, Talaromyces marneffei, Candida lipolytica, and Trichophyton rubrum. The MIC values varied between fungal strains, and T. marneffei exhibited a lower MIC, indicating a greater susceptibility to PQQ. In addition, PQQ exhibited notable antibacterial activity against Gram-positive and -negative bacteria, with a prominent inhibition observed against Staphylococcus epidermidis, Proteus vulgaris, and MRSA strains. Remarkably, PQQ demonstrated considerable biofilm inhibition against the MRSA, S. epidermidis, and P. vulgaris strains. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) studies revealed that PQQ caused structural damage and disrupted cell metabolism in bacterial cells, leading to aberrant morphology, compromised cell membrane integrity, and leakage of cytoplasmic contents. These findings were further affirmed by shotgun proteomic analysis, which revealed that PQQ targets several important cellular processes in bacteria, including membrane proteins, ATP metabolic processes, DNA repair processes, metal-binding proteins, and stress response. Finally, detailed molecular modeling investigations indicated that PQQ exhibits a substantial binding affinity score for key microbial targets, including the mannoprotein Mp1P, the transcriptional regulator TcaR, and the endonuclease PvuRTs1I. Taken together, our study underscores the effectiveness of PQQ as a broad-spectrum antimicrobial agent capable of combating pathogenic fungi and bacteria, while also inhibiting biofilm formation and targeting several critical biological processes, making it a promising therapeutic option for biofilm-related infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mai M. Labib
- Department of Bioinformatics, Agricultural Genetic Engineering Research Institute (AGERI), Agricultural Research Centre (ARC), Cairo 12619, Egypt;
| | - Alaa M. Alqahtani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia;
| | | | - Rana M. Aldossari
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Bandar Fahad Almiman
- Biology Department, College of Science, Al-Baha University, Al Bahah 65779, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Sarah Ayman Alnumaani
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Jeddah, Jeddah 23218, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mohammad El-Nablaway
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, AlMaarefa University, P.O. Box 71666, Riyadh 11597, Saudi Arabia;
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Ebtesam Al-Olayan
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Maha Alsunbul
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Essa M. Saied
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
- Institute for Chemistry, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, 12489 Berlin, Germany
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14
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Liu Z, Wang Y, Zhang C, Yang Y, Zhang J. Engineering Short Antimicrobial Peptides to Specifically Target Fusobacterium nucleatum in the Mixed Microbial Population. ACS Infect Dis 2024; 10:3042-3051. [PMID: 38922179 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.4c00387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are becoming next-generation alternative antibacterial agents because of the rapid increase in resistance in bacteria against existing antibiotics, which can also be attributed to the formation of resilient biofilms. However, their widespread use is limited because of their poor absorption, higher dosage requirements, and delayed onset of the bioactivity to elicit a desired response. Here we developed a short AMP that specifically targeted Fusobacterium nucleatum. We conjugated 23R to a statherin-derived peptide (SDP) through rational design; this conjugate binds to FomA, a major porin protein of F. nucleatum. The SDP-tagged 23R exhibited rapid and highly specific bactericidal efficacy against F. nucleatum. Further, IC50 values were in the nanomolar range, and they were 100-fold lower than those obtained with unconjugated 23R. In a human gut microbiota model, 0.1 nM SDP-23R achieved 99% clearance of F. nucleatum ATCC 25586 without markedly altering resident microbiota. Here we demonstrated that binding-peptide-coupled AMPs show increased killing efficacy and specificity for the target pathogen without affecting the resident microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yijie Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Chen Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yongshuai Yang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Junfeng Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen 518055, China
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15
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Gunn-Sandell L, Taylor DD, Scallan Walter E. Veterinary support staff knowledge and perceptions of antimicrobial drug use, resistance, and stewardship in the United States. Front Vet Sci 2024; 11:1401290. [PMID: 39170632 PMCID: PMC11337104 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2024.1401290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial drug use (AMU) in veterinary medicine may contribute to antimicrobial resistant (AMR) infections in both animals and people. Efforts to improve AMU in companion animal medicine are underway and should include all members of the veterinary team, including veterinary support staff. Our objective was to describe knowledge and attitudes regarding AMU, AMR, and antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) in companion animal medicine among veterinary support staff professionals in the United States using an anonymous, online questionnaire. Additionally, we sought to explore veterinary support staff perceptions of their role in the antimicrobial drug (AMD) prescribing process. Veterinary technicians, nurses, assistants, client care representatives, and hospital managers (n = 337) considered AMR a global concern (83.4%), and 40% reported receiving AMR education from their employer. Few (18.3%) were aware of AMS, with only 6.4% indicating that their clinic had an AMS program. Frequent involvement in the AMD prescribing process was reported (43.4%), but only 19.7% perceived involvement with AMS interventions. Approximately one-third of participants (34.9%) said that advice regarding the need for AMDs was routinely provided by staff to pet owners prior to veterinary consultation. Participants estimated that 82.6% of all AMD prescriptions were filled at the clinic as opposed to an outside pharmacy. Given their direct involvement in the AMD prescribing process and frequent interactions with pet owners, AMS should be emphasized to all veterinary staff. Involving support staff in AMS interventions is necessary to improve AMU in companion animal medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Elaine Scallan Walter
- Colorado Integrated Food Safety Center of Excellence, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, CO, United States
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16
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James VK, Voss BJ, Helms A, Trent MS, Brodbelt JS. Investigating Lipid Transporter Protein and Lipid Interactions Using Variable Temperature Electrospray Ionization, Ultraviolet Photodissociation Mass Spectrometry, and Collision Cross Section Analysis. Anal Chem 2024; 96:12676-12683. [PMID: 39038171 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.4c01392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/24/2024]
Abstract
Gram-negative bacteria develop and exhibit resistance to antibiotics, owing to their highly asymmetric outer membrane maintained by a group of six proteins comprising the Mla (maintenance of lipid asymmetry) pathway. Here, we investigate the lipid binding preferences of one Mla protein, MlaC, which transports lipids through the periplasm. We used ultraviolet photodissociation (UVPD) to identify and characterize modifications of lipids endogenously bound to MlaC expressed in three different bacteria strains. UVPD was also used to localize lipid binding to MlaC residues 130-140, consistent with the crystal structure reported for lipid-bound MlaC. The impact of removing the bound lipid from MlaC on its structure was monitored based on collision cross section measurements, revealing that the protein unfolded prior to release of the lipid. The lipid selectivity of MlaC was evaluated based on titrimetric experiments, indicating that MlaC-bound lipids in various classes (sphingolipids, glycerophospholipids, and fatty acids) as long as they possessed no more than two acyl chains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginia K James
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Bradley J Voss
- Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
| | - Amanda Helms
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - M Stephen Trent
- Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
- Department of Microbiology, College of Arts and Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
| | - Jennifer S Brodbelt
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
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17
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Liu Y, Wang J, Zheng H, Xin J, Zhong Z, Liu H, Fu H, Zhou Z, Qiu X, Peng G. Multi-functional properties of lactic acid bacteria strains derived from canine feces. Front Vet Sci 2024; 11:1404580. [PMID: 39161461 PMCID: PMC11330878 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2024.1404580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 08/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Probiotics, especially Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB), can promote the health of host animals in a variety of ways, such as regulating intestinal flora and stimulating the host's immune system. Methods In this study, 206 LAB strains were isolated from 48 canine fecal samples. Eleven LAB strains were selected based on growth performance, acid and bile salt resistance. The 11 candidates underwent comprehensive evaluation for probiotic properties, including antipathogenic activity, adhesion, safety, antioxidant capacity, and metabolites. Results The results of the antipathogenic activity tests showed that 11 LAB strains exhibited strong inhibitory effect and co-aggregation ability against four target pathogens (E. coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella braenderup, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa). The results of the adhesion test showed that the 11 LAB strains had high cell surface hydrophobicity, self-aggregation ability, biofilm-forming ability and adhesion ability to the Caco-2 cells. Among them, Lactobacillus acidophilus (L177) showed strong activity in various adhesion experiments. Safety tests showed that 11 LAB strains are sensitive to most antibiotics, with L102, L171, and L177 having the highest sensitivity rate at 85.71%, and no hemolysis occurred in all strains. Antioxidant test results showed that all strains showed good H2O2 tolerance, high scavenging capacity for 1, 1-diphenyl-2-trinitrophenylhydrazine (DPPH) and hydroxyl (OH-). In addition, 11 LAB strains can produce high levels of metabolites including exopolysaccharide (EPS), γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), and bile salt hydrolase (BSH). Discussion This study provides a thorough characterization of canine-derived LAB strains, highlighting their multifunctional potential as probiotics. The diverse capabilities of the strains make them promising candidates for canine dietary supplements, offering a holistic approach to canine health. Further research should validate their efficacy in vivo to ensure their practical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunjiang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiali Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Haohong Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jialiang Xin
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhijun Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Haifeng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hualin Fu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ziyao Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xianmeng Qiu
- New Ruipeng Pet Healthcare Group Co., Ltd., Chengdu, China
| | - Guangneng Peng
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
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Khan H, Sher SA, Hanif MI, Zemawal NA, Ahmad A, Khan F, Daftani MH. Prevalence, Proportions, and Identities of Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria in the Oral Microflora of Healthy Children. Cureus 2024; 16:e67277. [PMID: 39301370 PMCID: PMC11411487 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.67277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/20/2024] [Indexed: 09/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Antibiotic resistance is a global health concern, yet research on the identities and proportions of antibiotic-resistant bacteria in the oral microflora of healthy children remains limited. These resistant bacteria could play a role in various conditions, such as dental infections, periodontitis, or systemic infections following dental procedures, particularly in immunocompromised individuals. This study aimed to assess the prevalence, proportions, and identities of antibiotic-resistant bacteria in the oral microflora of healthy children. Methodology This cross-sectional study, conducted from January to December 2023 across three tertiary care hospitals in Peshawar, Pakistan, involved 364 healthy children aged 7-13 years. Data on antibiotic use were collected via structured interviews and medical records, detailing specific antibiotics (e.g., amoxicillin, ceftriaxone, azithromycin), including dosage, duration, and reason for use. Oral swabs were taken from various sites in the oral cavity using sterile techniques and analyzed using microbiological culture methods and polymerase chain reaction to identify antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Statistical analysis was performed with SPSS version 27.0, utilizing chi-square tests to explore associations between demographic factors and resistance patterns, with significance set at p < 0.05. Results Significant proportions of antibiotic use were found among the participants: 172 (47.25%) received penicillins, 91 (25.00%) cephalosporins, and 101 (27.75%) macrolides, with associated side effects including gastrointestinal disorders and allergic responses. Age and gender differences were observed in antibiotic resistance proportions: among 7-9-year-olds, resistance to penicillins was 44 (18.33%), to cephalosporins 29 (12.08%), and to macrolides 33 (13.75%). In contrast, among 10-13-year-olds, these proportions increased to 55 (22.92%), 36 (15.00%), and 43 (17.92%), respectively. Male participants exhibited resistance to cephalosporins at a proportion of 24 (10.00%), to macrolides 45 (18.75%), and to penicillin 46 (19.17%), while female participants showed proportions of 53 (22.08%), 41 (17.08%), and 31 (12.92%), respectively. Among oral swab locations, the buccal mucosa had the highest resistance proportions: 35 (14.58%) to penicillins, 27 (11.25%) to cephalosporins, and 33 (13.92%) to macrolides. Specific bacterial species showed distinct resistance patterns, with notable proportions observed in Staphylococcus aureus (n=18; 50.00%, n=12; 33.33%, and n=6; 16.67%, respectively), Escherichia coli (n=16; 40.00%, n=10; 25.00%, and n=14; 35.00%, respectively), Enterococcus faecalis (n=29; 45.31%, n=14; 21.88%, and n=21; 32.81%, respectively), and Klebsiella pneumoniae (n=19; 36.54%, n=13; 25.00%, and n=20; 38.46%, respectively). Conclusions This study focused on healthy children aged 7-13 years in Peshawar, Pakistan, to assess the prevalence and types of antibiotic-resistant bacteria in their oral microbiota. The findings highlight resistance patterns by age, gender, and bacterial species. However, the regional context may limit the generalizability of these results. Differences in local antibiotic use, healthcare practices, and environmental factors could influence resistance patterns in other regions. Future research should expand to include diverse geographic locations to evaluate the broader applicability of these findings and identify region-specific factors affecting antibiotic resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haris Khan
- Medicine and Surgery, Rehman Medical Institute, Peshawar, PAK
| | | | - Misbah Iqbal Hanif
- Pediatric Endocrinology, National Institute of Child Health, Karachi, PAK
- Clinical Genetics, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, PAK
| | | | - Afiyat Ahmad
- Medicine and Surgery, Khyber Medical College, Peshawar, PAK
| | - Farzeen Khan
- Community Dentistry, Peshawar Dental College, Peshawar, PAK
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19
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Peng LT, Tian SQ, Guo WX, Chen XW, Wu JH, Liu YL, Peng B. α-Ketoglutarate downregulates thiosulphate metabolism to enhance antibiotic killing. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2024; 64:107214. [PMID: 38795933 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2024.107214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 05/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/28/2024]
Abstract
Potentiation of the effects of currently available antibiotics is urgently required to tackle the rising antibiotics resistance. The pyruvate (P) cycle has been shown to play a critical role in mediating aminoglycoside antibiotic killing, but the mechanism remains unexplored. In this study, we investigated the effects of intermediate metabolites of the P cycle regarding the potentiation of gentamicin. We found that α-ketoglutarate (α-KG) has the best synergy with gentamicin compared to the other metabolites. This synergistic killing effect was more effective with aminoglycosides than other types of antibiotics, and it was effective against various types of bacterial pathogens. Using fish and mouse infection models, we confirmed that the synergistic killing effect occurred in vivo. Furthermore, functional proteomics showed that α-KG downregulated thiosulphate metabolism. Upregulation of thiosulphate metabolism by exogenous thiosulphate counteracted the killing effect of gentamicin. The role of thiosulphate metabolism in antibiotic resistance was further confirmed using thiosulphate reductase knockout mutants. These mutants were more sensitive to gentamicin killing, and less tolerant to antibiotics compared to their parental strain. Thus, our study highlights a strategy for potentiating antibiotic killing by using a metabolite that reduces antibiotic resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liao-Tian Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Control, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, School of Life Sciences, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao Marine Science and Technology Center, Qingdao, China
| | - Si-Qi Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Control, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, School of Life Sciences, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao Marine Science and Technology Center, Qingdao, China
| | - Wei-Xu Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Control, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, School of Life Sciences, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuan-Wei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Control, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, School of Life Sciences, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jia-Han Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Control, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, School of Life Sciences, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ying-Li Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Control, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, School of Life Sciences, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bo Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Control, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, School of Life Sciences, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao Marine Science and Technology Center, Qingdao, China.
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20
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Gupta A, Chauhan R, G S, Shreekumar A. Improving sepsis prediction in intensive care with SepsisAI: A clinical decision support system with a focus on minimizing false alarms. PLOS DIGITAL HEALTH 2024; 3:e0000569. [PMID: 39133661 PMCID: PMC11318852 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pdig.0000569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024]
Abstract
Prediction of sepsis using machine-learning approaches has recently gained traction. However, the lack of translation of these algorithms into clinical routine remains a major issue. Existing early sepsis detection methods are either based on the older definition of sepsis or do not accurately detect sepsis leading to the high frequency of false-positive alarms. This results in a well-known issue of clinicians' "alarm fatigue", leading to decreased responsiveness and identification, ultimately resulting in delayed clinical intervention. Hence, there is a fundamental, unmet need for a clinical decision system capable of accurate and timely sepsis diagnosis, running at the point of need. In this work, SepsisAI-a deep-learning algorithm based on long short-term memory (LSTM) networks was developed to predict the early onset of hospital-acquired sepsis in real-time for patients admitted to the ICU. The models are trained and validated with data from the PhysioNet Challenge, consisting of 40,336 patient data files from two healthcare systems: Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Emory University Hospital. In the short term, the algorithm tracks frequently measured vital signs, sparsely available lab parameters, demographic features, and certain derived features for making predictions. A real-time alert system, which monitors the trajectory of the predictions, is developed on top of the deep-learning framework to minimize false alarms. On a balanced test dataset, the model achieves an AUROC, AUPRC, sensitivity, and specificity of 0.95, 0.96, 88.19%, and 96.75%, respectively at the patient level. In terms of lookahead time, the model issues a warning at a median of 6 hours (IQR 6 to 20 hours) and raises an alert at a median of 4 hours (IQR 2 to 5 hours) ahead of sepsis onset. Most importantly, the model achieves a false-alarm ratio of 3.18% for alerts, which is significantly less than other sepsis alarm systems. Additionally, on a disease prevalence-based test set, the algorithm reported similar outcomes with AUROC and AUPRC of 0.94 and 0.87, respectively, with sensitivity, and specificity of 97.05%, and 96.75%, respectively. The proposed algorithm might serve as a clinical decision support system to assist clinicians in the accurate and timely diagnosis of sepsis. With exceptionally high specificity and low false-alarm rate, this algorithm also helps mitigate the well-known issue of clinician alert fatigue arising from currently proposed sepsis alarm systems. Consequently, the algorithm partially addresses the challenges of successfully integrating machine-learning algorithms into routine clinical care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankit Gupta
- Center for Innovation in Diagnostics, Siemens Healthcare Private Limited, Bangalore, India
| | - Ruchi Chauhan
- Center for Innovation in Diagnostics, Siemens Healthcare Private Limited, Bangalore, India
| | - Saravanan G
- Center for Innovation in Diagnostics, Siemens Healthcare Private Limited, Bangalore, India
| | - Ananth Shreekumar
- Center for Innovation in Diagnostics, Siemens Healthcare Private Limited, Bangalore, India
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21
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Guo Z, Yuan M, Chai J. Mini review advantages and limitations of lytic phages compared with chemical antibiotics to combat bacterial infections. Heliyon 2024; 10:e34849. [PMID: 39148970 PMCID: PMC11324966 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e34849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024] Open
Abstract
The overuse of antibiotics has caused the emergence of antibiotic-resistant strains, such as multidrug-resistant, extensively drug-resistant, and pandrug-resistant bacteria. The treatment of infections caused by such strains has become a formidable challenge. In the post-antibiotic era, phage therapy is an attractive solution for this problem and some successful phase 1 and 2 studies have demonstrated the efficacy and safety of phage therapy over the last decade. It is a form of evolutionary medicine, phages exhibit immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory properties. However, phage therapy is limited by factors, such as the narrow spectrum of host strains, the special pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics in vivo, immune responses, and the development of phage resistance. The aim of this minireview was to compare the potencies of lytic phages and chemical antibiotics to treat bacterial infections. The advantages of phage therapy has fewer side effects, self-replication, evolution, bacterial biofilms eradication, immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory properties compared with chemical antibiotics. Meanwhile, the disadvantages of phage therapy include the narrow spectrum of available host strains, the special pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics in vivo, immune responses, and phage resistance hurdles. Recently, some researchers continue to make efforts to overcome these limitations of phage therapy. Phage therapy will be a welcome addition to the gamut of options available for treating antibiotic-resistant bacterial infections. We focus on the advantages and limitations of phage therapy with the intention of exploiting the advantages and overcoming the limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhimin Guo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Infectious Diseases and Pathogen Biology Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Mengyao Yuan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Infectious Diseases and Pathogen Biology Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Jiannan Chai
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
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22
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Bustamante M, Koopman F, Martens J, Brons JK, DelaFuente J, Hackl T, Kuipers OP, van Doorn GS, de Vos MGJ. Community context influences the conjugation efficiency of Escherichia coli. FEMS MICROBES 2024; 5:xtae023. [PMID: 39170752 PMCID: PMC11338288 DOI: 10.1093/femsmc/xtae023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 07/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024] Open
Abstract
In urinary tract infections (UTIs), different bacteria can live in a polymicrobial community consisting of different species. It is unknown how community members affect the conjugation efficiency of uropathogenic Escherichia coli. We investigated the influence of individual species often coisolated from urinary infections (UTI) on the conjugation efficiency of E. coli isolates in artificial urine medium. Pairwise conjugation rate experiments were conducted between a donor E. coli strain containing the pOXA-48 plasmid and six uropathogenic E. coli isolates, in the presence and absence of five different species commonly coisolated in polymicrobial UTIs to elucidate their effect on the conjugation efficiency of E. coli. We found that the basal conjugation rates of pOXA-48, in the absence of other species, are dependent on the bacterial host genetic background. Additionally, we found that bacterial interactions have an overall positive effect on the conjugation rate of pOXA-48. Particularly, Gram-positive enterococcal species were found to enhance the conjugation rates towards uropathogenic E. coli isolates. We hypothesize that the nature of the coculture and physical interactions are important for these increased conjugation rates in an artificial urine medium environment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Floor Koopman
- GELIFES, University of Groningen, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jesper Martens
- GELIFES, University of Groningen, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jolanda K Brons
- GELIFES, University of Groningen, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Thomas Hackl
- GELIFES, University of Groningen, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Oscar P Kuipers
- GBB, University of Groningen, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Marjon G J de Vos
- GELIFES, University of Groningen, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
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23
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Wang S, McCoy CP, Li P, Li Y, Zhao Y, Andrews GP, Wylie MP, Ge Y. Carbon Dots in Photodynamic/Photothermal Antimicrobial Therapy. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 14:1250. [PMID: 39120355 PMCID: PMC11314369 DOI: 10.3390/nano14151250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2024] [Revised: 07/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) presents an escalating global challenge as conventional antibiotic treatments become less effective. In response, photodynamic therapy (PDT) and photothermal therapy (PTT) have emerged as promising alternatives. While rooted in ancient practices, these methods have evolved with modern innovations, particularly through the integration of lasers, refining their efficacy. PDT harnesses photosensitizers to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS), which are detrimental to microbial cells, whereas PTT relies on heat to induce cellular damage. The key to their effectiveness lies in the utilization of photosensitizers, especially when integrated into nano- or micron-scale supports, which amplify ROS production and enhance antimicrobial activity. Over the last decade, carbon dots (CDs) have emerged as a highly promising nanomaterial, attracting increasing attention owing to their distinctive properties and versatile applications, including PDT and PTT. They can not only function as photosensitizers, but also synergistically combine with other photosensitizers to enhance overall efficacy. This review explores the recent advancements in CDs, underscoring their significance and potential in reshaping advanced antimicrobial therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Colin P. McCoy
- School of Pharmacy, Queen’s University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK; (S.W.)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Yi Ge
- School of Pharmacy, Queen’s University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK; (S.W.)
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24
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Shawki MM, El-Shall HS, Moustafa ME, Atay KYS, Elsheredy AG, Eltarahony MM. Revealing detrimental effects of various DC electrical energy conditions on different multidrug resistant bacteria: a comprehensive study. Sci Rep 2024; 14:17046. [PMID: 39048587 PMCID: PMC11269707 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-66063-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
The arbitrary discharge of contaminated wastes, especially that encompass multidrug resistant microbes (MDR), would broaden the circle of epidemic diseases such as COVID-19, which in turn deteriorate definitely the whole socioeconomics. Therefore, the employment of electrical stimulation techniques such as direct current (DC) with low energy considers being effective tool to impede spontaneous changes in microbial genetic makeup, which increases the prevalence of MDR phenomenon. Herein, the influence of different electric energies generated by DC electric field, volts and time on MDR-bacteria that are categorized among the highly ranked nosocomial pathogens, was scrutinized. Wherein, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus faecalis were examined as paradigms of Gram-negative and Gram-positive pathogens. The results declared the significant superior antagonizing potency of electric energy in a dose-dependent modality rather than the applied volts or exposure time. Notably, the exposure of bacterial cultures to140 J inhibited the bacterial count by > 78% and the range of 47-73% for Gram-negative and Gram-positive, respectively. While the suppression in their metabolic activity assessed by > 75% and 41-68%, respectively; reflecting the capability of electrical energy to induce viable but non-culturable (VBNC) state. Similarly, the results of total protein, extracellular protein content and lactate dehydrogenase activity emphasized the cell wall deterioration and losing of cell membrane integrity. Additionally, the elevating in ROS upon DC-exposure participated in DNA fragmentation and plasmid decomposability by the range of 33-60%. Further, SEM micrographs depicted drastic morphological deformations after electrical treatment. Strikingly, DC-treatment impaired antibiotic resistance of the examined strains against several antibiotics by > 64.2%. Generally, our comparative detailed study revealed deleterious potentiality of different DC-protocols in defeating microbial pollution, which could be invested as efficient disinfectant alternative in various sectors such as milk sterilization and wastewater purification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mamdouh M Shawki
- Medical Biophysics Department, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.
| | - Hadeel S El-Shall
- Environmental Biotechnology Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City), Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Maisa E Moustafa
- Medical Biophysics Department, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Kamal Y S Atay
- Medical Biophysics Department, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Amel G Elsheredy
- Microbiology Department, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Marwa M Eltarahony
- Environmental Biotechnology Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City), Alexandria, Egypt.
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25
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Abu-Farha R, Gharaibeh L, Alzoubi KH, Nazal R, Zawiah M, Binsaleh AY, Shilbayeh SAR. Awareness, perspectives and practices of antibiotics deprescribing among physicians in Jordan: a cross-sectional study. J Pharm Policy Pract 2024; 17:2378484. [PMID: 39040635 PMCID: PMC11262212 DOI: 10.1080/20523211.2024.2378484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Antibiotics have significantly reduced mortality and improved outcomes across various medical fields; however, the rise of antibiotic resistance poses a major challenge, causing millions of deaths annually. Deprescribing, a process that involves discontinuing unnecessary antibiotics, is crucial for combating this threat. This study was designed to assess the knowledge, perceptions, and practices of physicians regarding antibiotic deprescribing in Jordan. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted between January-February 2024 to assess the knowledge, perceptions, and practices of physicians regarding antibiotic deprescribing in Jordan. An electronic questionnaire served as the data collection tool. Descriptive analysis was performed using SPSS software version 26. Additionally, logistic regression analysis was carried out to identify independent factors associated with physicians' willingness to deprescribe antibiotics. Results The study involved 252 physicians, primarily male (n = 168, 67.7%), with a median age of 33 years. Regarding antibiotics deprescribing, 21.8% (n = 55) expressed willingness to deprescribe inappropriate antibiotics.High awareness of deprescribing was evident, with 92.9% (n = 234) familiar with the concept, 94% (n = 237) knowledgeable about appropriate situations, and 96.8% (n = 244) recognising its potential benefits. Furthermore, 81.8% (n = 205) reported having received formal training in antibiotics deprescribing, and 85.3% (n = 215) were informed about the availability of deprescribing tools.Physicians highlighted challenges including insufficient time (44.4%, n = 112) and resistance from patients (41.3%, n = 104) and colleagues (42.1%, n = 106). Despite challenges, a significant proportion regularly assessed antibiotic necessity (46.9%, n = 117) and educated patients about antibiotic-related harms (40.5%, n = 102). Logistic regression analysis revealed no significant demographic factors influencing physicians' willingness to deprescribe antibiotics (p > 0.05). Conclusion Physicians in Jordan exhibit high awareness of antibiotics deprescribing and recognise its benefits. Challenges such as time constraints and communication barriers need to be addressed to facilitate effective deprescribing practices. Comprehensive guidelines and interdisciplinary collaboration are essential for promoting judicious antibiotic use and combating antimicrobial resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rana Abu-Farha
- Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Lobna Gharaibeh
- Biopharmaceutics and Clinical Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Karem H. Alzoubi
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Pharmacotherapeutics, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Rawand Nazal
- Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Mohammed Zawiah
- Department of Clinical Practice, College of Pharmacy, Northern Border University, Rafha, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Hodeidah University, Al Hodeida, Yemen
| | - Ammena Y. Binsaleh
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sireen Abdul Rahim Shilbayeh
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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26
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Mun SJ, Cho E, Kim HK, Gil WJ, Yang CS. Enhancing acute inflammatory and sepsis treatment: superiority of membrane receptor blockade. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1424768. [PMID: 39081318 PMCID: PMC11286478 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1424768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Conditions such as acute pancreatitis, ulcerative colitis, delayed graft function and infections caused by a variety of microorganisms, including gram-positive and gram-negative organisms, increase the risk of sepsis and therefore mortality. Immune dysfunction is a characterization of sepsis, so timely and effective treatment strategies are needed. The conventional approaches, such as antibiotic-based treatments, face challenges such as antibiotic resistance, and cytokine-based treatments have shown limited efficacy. To address these limitations, a novel approach focusing on membrane receptors, the initiators of the inflammatory cascade, is proposed. Membrane receptors such as Toll-like receptors, interleukin-1 receptor, endothelial protein C receptor, μ-opioid receptor, triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 1, and G-protein coupled receptors play pivotal roles in the inflammatory response, offering opportunities for rapid regulation. Various membrane receptor blockade strategies have demonstrated efficacy in both preclinical and clinical studies. These membrane receptor blockades act as early stage inflammation modulators, providing faster responses compared to conventional therapies. Importantly, these blockers exhibit immunomodulatory capabilities without inducing complete immunosuppression. Finally, this review underscores the critical need for early intervention in acute inflammatory and infectious diseases, particularly those posing a risk of progressing to sepsis. And, exploring membrane receptor blockade as an adjunctive treatment for acute inflammatory and infectious diseases presents a promising avenue. These novel approaches, when combined with antibiotics, have the potential to enhance patient outcomes, particularly in conditions prone to sepsis, while minimizing risks associated with antibiotic resistance and immune suppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seok-Jun Mun
- Department of Bionano Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Center for Bionano Intelligence Education and Research, Hanyang University, Ansan, Republic of Korea
| | - Euni Cho
- Department of Bionano Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Center for Bionano Intelligence Education and Research, Hanyang University, Ansan, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo Keun Kim
- Center for Bionano Intelligence Education and Research, Hanyang University, Ansan, Republic of Korea
- Department of Molecular and Life Science, Hanyang University, Ansan, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo Jin Gil
- Center for Bionano Intelligence Education and Research, Hanyang University, Ansan, Republic of Korea
- Department of Molecular and Life Science, Hanyang University, Ansan, Republic of Korea
| | - Chul-Su Yang
- Center for Bionano Intelligence Education and Research, Hanyang University, Ansan, Republic of Korea
- Department of Molecular and Life Science, Hanyang University, Ansan, Republic of Korea
- Department of Medicinal and Life Science, Hanyang University, Ansan, Republic of Korea
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27
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Coscione F, Zineddu S, Vitali V, Fondi M, Messori L, Perrin E. The Many Lives of Auranofin: How an Old Anti-Rheumatic Agent May Become a Promising Antimicrobial Drug. Antibiotics (Basel) 2024; 13:652. [PMID: 39061334 PMCID: PMC11274207 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics13070652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2024] [Revised: 07/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Auranofin (AF) is a gold-based compound with a well-known pharmacological and toxicological profile, currently used in the treatment of some severe forms of rheumatoid arthritis. Over the last twenty years, AF has also been repurposed as antiviral, antitumor, and antibacterial drug. In this review we focused on the antibacterial properties of AF, specifically researching the minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of AF in both mono- and diderm bacteria reported so far in literature. AF proves to be highly effective against monoderm bacteria, while diderm are far less susceptible, probably due to the outer membrane barrier. We also reported the current mechanistic hypotheses concerning the antimicrobial properties of AF, although a conclusive description of its antibacterial mode of action is not yet available. Even if its mechanism of action has not been fully elucidated yet and further studies are required to optimize its delivery strategy, AF deserves additional investigation because of its unique mode of action and high efficacy against a wide range of pathogens, which could lead to potential applications in fighting antimicrobial resistance and improving therapeutic outcomes in infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Coscione
- Department of Biology, University of Florence, Via Madonna del Piano 6, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy; (F.C.); (M.F.)
| | - Stefano Zineddu
- Department of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff”, University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3-13, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy; (S.Z.); (V.V.)
| | - Valentina Vitali
- Department of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff”, University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3-13, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy; (S.Z.); (V.V.)
| | - Marco Fondi
- Department of Biology, University of Florence, Via Madonna del Piano 6, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy; (F.C.); (M.F.)
| | - Luigi Messori
- Department of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff”, University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3-13, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy; (S.Z.); (V.V.)
| | - Elena Perrin
- Department of Biology, University of Florence, Via Madonna del Piano 6, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy; (F.C.); (M.F.)
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28
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Yamada AY, de Souza AR, Bertani AMDJ, Campos KR, Sacchi CT, de Assis DB, de Carvalho E, Takagi EH, Cunha MPV, Tiba-Casas MR, Camargo CH. Genomic Characterization of a Clinical NDM-1-Producing Klebsiella michiganensis from Brazil. Microorganisms 2024; 12:1408. [PMID: 39065176 PMCID: PMC11278599 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12071408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2024] [Revised: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Public health faces daily challenges due to increasing reports of pathogenic microorganisms with new antimicrobial resistance. Klebsiella michiganensis, an emerging pathogen, poses difficulty in its identification using conventional techniques. This study presents the first documented case of NDM-1-producing K. michiganensis in Brazil, identified as the new ST418. Initially, the isolate from a tracheal secretion was misidentified as K. oxytoca. However, accurate identification was achieved through ANI analyses. Whole-genome sequencing was conducted to characterize the genetic context of the resistance genes, to identify virulence factors, and to construct a phylogenetic tree. The blaNDM-1 gene was found to be harbored on an IncFIB plasmid approximately 112 kb in length, which was transferable in conjugation assays. The detection of carbapenem resistance genes in this species highlights the importance of public health vigilance, as it may serve as a reservoir and disseminator of significant resistance genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Yaeko Yamada
- Instituto Adolfo Lutz, São Paulo 01246-000, Brazil; (A.Y.Y.); (A.R.d.S.); (A.M.d.J.B.); (K.R.C.); (C.T.S.); (E.H.T.); (M.R.T.-C.)
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-000, Brazil;
| | - Andreia Rodrigues de Souza
- Instituto Adolfo Lutz, São Paulo 01246-000, Brazil; (A.Y.Y.); (A.R.d.S.); (A.M.d.J.B.); (K.R.C.); (C.T.S.); (E.H.T.); (M.R.T.-C.)
| | - Amanda Maria de Jesus Bertani
- Instituto Adolfo Lutz, São Paulo 01246-000, Brazil; (A.Y.Y.); (A.R.d.S.); (A.M.d.J.B.); (K.R.C.); (C.T.S.); (E.H.T.); (M.R.T.-C.)
| | - Karoline Rodrigues Campos
- Instituto Adolfo Lutz, São Paulo 01246-000, Brazil; (A.Y.Y.); (A.R.d.S.); (A.M.d.J.B.); (K.R.C.); (C.T.S.); (E.H.T.); (M.R.T.-C.)
| | - Claudio Tavares Sacchi
- Instituto Adolfo Lutz, São Paulo 01246-000, Brazil; (A.Y.Y.); (A.R.d.S.); (A.M.d.J.B.); (K.R.C.); (C.T.S.); (E.H.T.); (M.R.T.-C.)
| | - Denise Brandão de Assis
- Divisão de Infecção Hospitalar, Centro de Vigilância Epidemiológica, São Paulo 01246-000, Brazil;
| | | | - Elizabeth Harummyy Takagi
- Instituto Adolfo Lutz, São Paulo 01246-000, Brazil; (A.Y.Y.); (A.R.d.S.); (A.M.d.J.B.); (K.R.C.); (C.T.S.); (E.H.T.); (M.R.T.-C.)
| | | | - Monique Ribeiro Tiba-Casas
- Instituto Adolfo Lutz, São Paulo 01246-000, Brazil; (A.Y.Y.); (A.R.d.S.); (A.M.d.J.B.); (K.R.C.); (C.T.S.); (E.H.T.); (M.R.T.-C.)
| | - Carlos Henrique Camargo
- Instituto Adolfo Lutz, São Paulo 01246-000, Brazil; (A.Y.Y.); (A.R.d.S.); (A.M.d.J.B.); (K.R.C.); (C.T.S.); (E.H.T.); (M.R.T.-C.)
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-000, Brazil;
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29
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Alosaimi HM, Alshammari MK, Fetyani MM, Allehidan MS, Almalki TJ, Hussain KH, Hussain HH, Althobaiti MD, Alharbi AS, Alharthi AA, Al-Shammari AA, Al Jamea ZA, Alamro RA, Najmi A. Point prevalence survey of antibiotics use among hospitalised neonates and children in Saudi Arabia: findings and implications. J Pharm Policy Pract 2024; 17:2371411. [PMID: 39011353 PMCID: PMC11249164 DOI: 10.1080/20523211.2024.2371411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Neonates and children are more susceptible to a variety of infections, leading to frequent antibiotic prescriptions. However, the inappropriate use of antibiotics leads to antibiotic resistance and higher mortality rates. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the prevalence of antibiotic use, and current antibiotic prescribing practices among neonates and children admitted in the selected hospitals of Saudi Arabia. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted from September to November 2023 to assess the prevalence of antibiotic use, and the current antibiotic prescribing practices across six hospitals of Saudi Arabia. Results The study included 499 children and neonates, with 94.6% receiving antibiotic prescriptions. The most frequently prescribed antibiotic class was third-generation cephalosporin (31.5%), with ceftriaxone being the most commonly prescribed antibiotic (15%). The majority of patients were prescribed one antibiotic (81.4%), and the intravenous route (96.4%) was the primary route for administration. The majority of patients were prescribed antibiotics empirically (69.7%), and community-acquired infections (64.2%) were the most common type of infection for antibiotic prescription. Similarly, sepsis (39.2%) was the most common indication for antibiotics, and the majority of prescribed antibiotics (61.7%) belonged to the 'Watch' category as per WHO AWaRe classification. Conclusion Our study revealed excessive antibiotic consumption in neonates and children, therefore quality improvement programmes including antimicrobial stewardship programmes are urgently needed to address ongoing issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hind M Alosaimi
- Department of Pharmacy Services Administration, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh Second Health Cluster, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed K Alshammari
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, King Fahad Medical City, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad M Fetyani
- Department of Pharmacy Services, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh Second Health Cluster, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maha S Allehidan
- Department of Pharmacy Services, NICU/Pediatric Clinical Pharmacist, Alyamam Hospital, Second Health Cluster, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tahani J Almalki
- Pharmaceutical Care Administration, Armed Forces Hospital Southern Region, Khamis Mushait, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khansa H Hussain
- Department of Cardiac Science, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Haifaa H Hussain
- Department of Nursing, Advanced Practice Nurse, Pediatric Nurse Practitioner, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed D Althobaiti
- Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Center, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abrar S Alharbi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Services, Maternity and Children's Hospital, West Zone, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Mecca, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Amosha A Al-Shammari
- Department of Pharmacy, Maternity and Children Hospital in Rafah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Rafha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zainab A Al Jamea
- Department of Pharmaceutical Care, King Fahd Hospital of University, Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rayed A Alamro
- Department of Pharmacy Services, Dr. Sulaiman Al Habib Medical Group Alrayyan Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Najmi
- Pharmaceutical Care Administration, Armed Forces Hospital Southern Region, Khamis Mushait, Saudi Arabia
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Subramanian A. Emerging roles of bacteriophage-based therapeutics in combating antibiotic resistance. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1384164. [PMID: 39035437 PMCID: PMC11257900 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1384164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Amid the growing challenge of antibiotic resistance on a global scale, there has been a notable resurgence in bacteriophage-based treatments, signaling a shift in our approach to managing infections. Bacteriophages (BPs), bacterial predators of nature, present a promising alternative for tackling infections caused by antibiotic-resistant pathogens. This review delves into the intricate relationship between bacteriophages and resistant bacteria, exploring various treatment strategies. Drawing upon both preclinical and clinical studies, the review highlights the effectiveness of bacteriophage therapy, particularly when integrated synergistically with conventional antibiotics. It discusses various treatment approaches for systemic and localized infections, demonstrating the adaptability of bacteriophage therapy across different clinical scenarios. Furthermore, the formulation and delivery of bacteriophages shed light on the various methods used to encapsulate and administer them effectively. It also acknowledges the challenge of bacterial resistance to bacteriophages and the ongoing efforts to overcome this hurdle. In addition, this review highlights the importance of the bacteriophage sensitivity profile (phagogram), which helps tailor treatment regimens to individual patients and specific pathogens. By surpassing the limitations of traditional antibiotics, bacteriophage-based therapies offer a personalized and potent solution against antibiotic resistance, promising to reshape the future of infectious disease management.
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Almutairy B. Extensively and multidrug-resistant bacterial strains: case studies of antibiotics resistance. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1381511. [PMID: 39027098 PMCID: PMC11256239 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1381511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
The development of antibiotic resistance compromises the effectiveness of our most effective defenses against bacterial infections, presenting a threat to global health. To date, a large number of research articles exist in the literature describing the case reports associated with extensively drug-resistant (XDR) and multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacterial strains. However, these findings are scattered, making it time-consuming for researchers to locate promising results and there remains a need for a comparative study to compile these case reports from various geographical regions including the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Additionally, no study has yet been published that compares the genetic variations and case reports of MDR and XDR strains identified from Saudi Arabia, the Middle East, Central Europe, and Asian countries. This study attempts to provide a comparative analysis of several MDR and XDR case reports from Saudi Arabia alongside other countries. Furthermore, the purpose of this work is to demonstrate the genetic variations in the genes underlying the resistance mechanisms seen in MDR and XDR bacterial strains that have been reported in Saudi Arabia and other countries. To cover the gap, this comprehensive review explores the complex trends in antibiotic resistance and the growing risk posed by superbugs. We provide context on the concerning spread of drug-resistant bacteria by analyzing the fundamental mechanisms of antibiotic resistance and looking into individual case reports. In this article, we compiled various cases and stories associated with XDR and MDR strains from Saudi Arabia and various other countries including China, Egypt, India, Poland, Pakistan, and Taiwan. This review will serve as basis for highlighting the growing threat of MDR, XDR bacterial strains in Saudi Arabia, and poses the urgent need for national action plans, stewardship programs, preventive measures, and novel antibiotics research in the Kingdom.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bandar Almutairy
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Shaqra University, Shaqra, Saudi Arabia
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Zhou N, Sun Y, Ren X, Wang Y, Gao X, Li L, Ma Y, Hao Y, Wang Y. Intradermal injection of Cutibacterium acnes and staphylococcus: A pustular acne-like murine model. J Cosmet Dermatol 2024; 23:2478-2489. [PMID: 38581133 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.16279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Skin 16S microbiome diversity analysis indicates that the Staphylococcus genus, especially Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), plays a crucial role in the inflammatory lesions of acne. However, current animal models for acne do not fully replicate human diseases, especially pustular acne, which limits the development of anti-acne medications. AIMS The aim is to develop a mouse model for acne, establishing an animal model that more closely mimics the clinical presentation of pustular acne. This will provide a new research platform for screening anti-acne drugs and evaluating the efficacy of clinical anti-acne experimental treatments. METHODS Building upon the existing combination of acne-associated Cutibacterium acnes (C. acnes) with artificial sebum, we will inject a mixture of S. aureus and C. acnes locally into the dermis in a 3:7 ratio. RESULTS We found that the acne animal model with mixed bacterial infection better replicates the dynamic evolution process of human pustular acne. Compared to the infection with C. acnes alone, mixed bacterial infection resulted in pustules with a distinct yellowish appearance, resembling pustular acne morphology. The lesions exhibited redness, vascular dilation, and noticeable congestion, along with evident infiltration of inflammatory cells. This induced higher levels of inflammation, as indicated by a significant increase in the secretion of inflammatory factors such as IL-1β and TNF-α. CONCLUSION This model can reflect the clinical symptoms and development of human pustular acne, overcoming the limitations of animal models commonly used in basic research to study this situation. It provides support for foundational research and the development of new acne medications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Zhou
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Life Science, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yanan Sun
- Experimental Research Center, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xing Ren
- Experimental Research Center, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yunong Wang
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Third Affiliated Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xinyu Gao
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Lishuang Li
- Experimental Research Center, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuman Ma
- Experimental Research Center, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Hao
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Life Science, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Experimental Research Center, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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Villa N, Tartari E, Glicenstein S, de Villiers de la Noue H, Picard E, Marcoux PR, Zelsmann M, Resch G, Hadji E, Houdré R. Optical Trapping and Fast Discrimination of Label-Free Bacteriophages at the Single Virion Level. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2308814. [PMID: 38282203 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202308814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
There is a recent resurgence of interest in phage therapy (the therapeutic use of bacterial viruses) as an approach to eliminating difficult-to-treat infections. However, existing approaches for therapeutic phage selection and virulence testing are time-consuming, host-dependent, and facing reproducibility issues. Here, this study presents an innovative approach wherein integrated resonant photonic crystal (PhC) cavities in silicon are used as optical nanotweezers for probing and manipulating single bacteria and single virions with low optical power. This study demonstrates that these nanocavities differentiate between a bacterium and a phage without labeling or specific surface bioreceptors. Furthermore, by tailoring the spatial extent of the resonant optical mode in the low-index medium, phage distinction across phenotypically distinct phage families is demonstrated. The work paves the road to the implementation of optical nanotweezers in phage therapy protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Villa
- Institut de Physique, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, CH-1015, Switzerland
| | - Enrico Tartari
- Institut de Physique, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, CH-1015, Switzerland
| | - Simon Glicenstein
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, Grenoble INP, IRIG, PHELIQS, Grenoble, 38000, France
| | - Hugues de Villiers de la Noue
- Laboratory of Bacteriophages and Phage Therapy, Center for Research and Innovation in Clinical Pharmaceutical Sciences (CRISP), Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Lausanne, 1011, Switzerland
| | - Emmanuel Picard
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, Grenoble INP, IRIG, PHELIQS, Grenoble, 38000, France
| | - Pierre R Marcoux
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, LETI, DTIS, L4IV, Grenoble, 38000, France
| | - Marc Zelsmann
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA/LETI Minatec, LTM, Grenoble, 38000, France
| | - Grégory Resch
- Laboratory of Bacteriophages and Phage Therapy, Center for Research and Innovation in Clinical Pharmaceutical Sciences (CRISP), Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Lausanne, 1011, Switzerland
| | - Emmanuel Hadji
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, Grenoble INP, IRIG, PHELIQS, Grenoble, 38000, France
| | - Romuald Houdré
- Institut de Physique, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, CH-1015, Switzerland
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Rathod S, Dey S, Pawar S, Dhavale R, Choudhari P, Rajakumara E, Mahuli D, Bhagwat D, Tamboli Y, Sankpal P, Mali S, More H. Identification of potential biogenic chalcones against antibiotic resistant efflux pump (AcrB) via computational study. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2024; 42:5178-5196. [PMID: 37340697 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2225099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023]
Abstract
The cases of bacterial multidrug resistance are increasing every year and becoming a serious concern for human health. Multidrug efflux pumps are key players in the formation of antibiotic resistance, which transfer out a broad spectrum of drugs from the cell and convey resistance to the host. Efflux pumps have significantly reduced the efficacy of the previously available antibiotic armory, thereby increasing the frequency of therapeutic failures. In gram-negative bacteria, the AcrAB-TolC efflux pump is the principal transporter of the substrate and plays a major role in the formation of antibiotic resistance. In the current work, advanced computer-aided drug discovery approaches were utilized to find hit molecules from the library of biogenic chalcones against the bacterial AcrB efflux pump. The results of the performed computational studies via molecular docking, drug-likeness prediction, pharmacokinetic profiling, pharmacophore mapping, density functional theory, and molecular dynamics simulation study provided ZINC000004695648, ZINC000014762506, ZINC000014762510, ZINC000095099506, and ZINC000085510993 as stable hit molecules against the AcrB efflux pumps. Identified hits could successfully act against AcrB efflux pumps after optimization as lead molecules.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanket Rathod
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Bharati Vidyapeeth College of Pharmacy, Kolhapur, MS, India
| | - Sreenath Dey
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology, Hyderabad, Kandi, Sangareddy, Telangana, India
| | - Swaranjali Pawar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Bharati Vidyapeeth College of Pharmacy, Kolhapur, MS, India
| | - Rakesh Dhavale
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Bharati Vidyapeeth College of Pharmacy, Kolhapur, MS, India
| | - Prafulla Choudhari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Bharati Vidyapeeth College of Pharmacy, Kolhapur, MS, India
| | - Eerappa Rajakumara
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology, Hyderabad, Kandi, Sangareddy, Telangana, India
| | - Deepak Mahuli
- Department of Pharmacology, Bharati Vidyapeeth College of Pharmacy, Kolhapur, MS, India
| | - Durgacharan Bhagwat
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Bharati Vidyapeeth College of Pharmacy, Kolhapur, MS, India
| | - Yasinalli Tamboli
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Ministry of National Guard-Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Poournima Sankpal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Ashokrao Mane College of Pharmacy, Kolhapur, MS, India
| | - Sachin Mali
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Y. D. Mane College of Pharmacy, Kagal, MS, India Kolhapur
| | - Harinath More
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Bharati Vidyapeeth College of Pharmacy, Kolhapur, MS, India
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Sulaiman S, Nair PR, Bhatt AN, Hafeeq B, Uvais NA, Anoop KPM, Aziz F. Trend of Antimicrobial Resistance of Gram-Negative Uropathogens Post Kidney Transplantation. Indian J Nephrol 2024; 34:374-376. [PMID: 39156840 PMCID: PMC11328053 DOI: 10.25259/ijn_154_2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Shabna Sulaiman
- Department of Nephrology, IQRAA International Hospital and Research Centre, Calicut, India
| | - Priyanka R Nair
- Department of Microbiology, IQRAA International Hospital and Research Centre, Calicut, India
| | - Arun N Bhatt
- Department of Community Health and Preventive Medicine, Government Medical College, Cochin, India
| | - Benil Hafeeq
- Department of Nephrology, IQRAA International Hospital and Research Centre, Calicut, India
| | - Nalakath A. Uvais
- Department of Psychiatry, IQRAA International Hospital and Research Centre, Calicut, India
| | - KP Miswana Anoop
- Department of Nephrology, IQRAA International Hospital and Research Centre, Calicut, India
| | - Feroz Aziz
- Department of Nephrology, IQRAA International Hospital and Research Centre, Calicut, India
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Symochko L, Pereira P, Demyanyuk O, Pinheiro MC, Barcelo D. Resistome in a changing environment: Hotspots and vectors of spreading with a focus on the Russian-Ukrainian War. Heliyon 2024; 10:e32716. [PMID: 39183836 PMCID: PMC11341293 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e32716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024] Open
Abstract
This work aims to shed light on the key factors contributing to the development of environmental resistance and the urgent need to address the growing problem of antibiotic resistance (AR) under the Russian-Ukrainian conflict. The article provides an overview of the main mechanisms involved in AR development and dissemination globally and the challenges posed by the ongoing war in Ukraine. The work outlines various international initiatives to reduce AR, including the concept of "One Health" and the strategies established, which are the key to reducing the effects on public health. Addressing AR globally and in conflict areas requires a comprehensive approach. This involves implementing monitoring of the microorganism's resistance levels to antibiotics, controlling the use of antimicrobial drugs, increasing public awareness of the AR, introducing educational programs to prevent the improper use of antibiotics, and adopting environmentally safe methods for the disposal of waste from medical, food, and other industries that produce or use antibiotics. Such initiatives are essential for promoting the responsible use of antibiotics, preventing the spread of AR infections, and preserving the effectiveness of existing antimicrobial drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- L. Symochko
- Uzhhorod National University, Uzhhorod, Ukraine
- University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Institute of Agroecology and Environmental Management NAAS, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - P. Pereira
- Environmental Management Laboratory, Mykolas Romeris University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - O. Demyanyuk
- Institute of Agroecology and Environmental Management NAAS, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - M.N. Coelho Pinheiro
- Polytechnic Institute of Coimbra, Coimbra Institute of Engineering, Coimbra, Portugal
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Vadillo-Rodríguez V, Fernández-Babiano I, Pérez-Giraldo C, Fernández-Calderón MC. Anti-Biofilm Perspectives of Propolis against Staphylococcus epidermidis Infections. Biomolecules 2024; 14:779. [PMID: 39062493 PMCID: PMC11274400 DOI: 10.3390/biom14070779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2024] [Revised: 06/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus epidermis has emerged as the main causative agent of medical device-related infections. Their major pathogenicity factor lies in its ability to adhere to surfaces and proliferate into biofilms, which increase their resistance to antibiotics. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the use and the mechanism of action of an ethanolic extract of Spanish propolis (EESP) as a potential alternative for preventing biofilm-related infections caused by S. epidermidis. The chemical composition of propolis is reported and its antibacterial activity against several strains of S. epidermidis with different biofilm-forming capacities evaluated. The influence of sub-inhibitory concentrations (sub-MICs) of EESP on their growth, physicochemical surface properties, adherence, and biofilm formation were studied. EESP interferes with planktonic cells, homogenizing their physicochemical surface properties and introducing a significant delay in their growth. The adherence and biofilms at the EESP concentrations investigated were decreased up to 90.5% among the strains. Microscopic analysis indicated that the planktonic cells that survived the treatment were the ones that adhere and proliferate on the surfaces. The results obtained suggest that the EESP has a high potential to be used as an inhibitor of both the adhesion and biofilm formation of S. epidermidis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Irene Fernández-Babiano
- Department of Biomedical Science, Area of Microbiology, University of Extremadura, 06006 Badajoz, Spain; (I.F.-B.); (C.P.-G.)
- University Institute of Extremadura Sanity Research (INUBE), 06006 Badajoz, Spain
| | - Ciro Pérez-Giraldo
- Department of Biomedical Science, Area of Microbiology, University of Extremadura, 06006 Badajoz, Spain; (I.F.-B.); (C.P.-G.)
- University Institute of Extremadura Sanity Research (INUBE), 06006 Badajoz, Spain
- Networking Biomedical Research Centre on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), 06006 Badajoz, Spain
| | - María Coronada Fernández-Calderón
- Department of Biomedical Science, Area of Microbiology, University of Extremadura, 06006 Badajoz, Spain; (I.F.-B.); (C.P.-G.)
- University Institute of Extremadura Sanity Research (INUBE), 06006 Badajoz, Spain
- Networking Biomedical Research Centre on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), 06006 Badajoz, Spain
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38
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Das B, Biswas P, Mallick AI, Gupta P. Application of Mono and Trinuclear Cyclometalated Iridium (III) Complexes in Differential Bacterial Imaging and Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202400646. [PMID: 38652686 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202400646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
The application of transition metal complexes for antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (PDT) has emerged as an attractive alternative in mitigating a broad range of bacterial pathogens, including multidrug-resistant pathogens. In view of their photostability, long excited-state lifetimes, and tunable emission properties, transition metal complexes also contribute as bioimaging agents. In the present work, we designed mono and trinuclear cyclometalated iridium (III) complexes to explore their imaging application and antibacterial potential. For this, we used Methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA), the most prevalent of community-associated (CA) multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria (CA MDR) and Lactococcus lactis (L. lactis) as Gram-positive while Campylobacter jejuni (C. jejuni) and E. coli as Gram-negative bacteria. In addition to differential bioimaging of these bacteria, we assessed the antibacterial effects of both mono and trinuclear Ir(III) complexes under exposure to 427 nm LED light. The data presented herein strongly suggest better efficacy of trinuclear Ir(III) complex over the mononuclear complex in imparting photoinduced cell death of MRSA. Based on the safety profile of these complexes, we propose that trinuclear cyclometalated iridium(III) complex holds great promise for selective recognition and targeting MDR bacteria with minimal off-target effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bishnu Das
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, West Bengal, 741246, India
- Present address, Department of Chemistry & Biomolecular Science, Clarkson University, Potsdam, 13699, New York, US
| | - Prakash Biswas
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, West Bengal, 741246, India
| | - Amirul Islam Mallick
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, West Bengal, 741246, India
| | - Parna Gupta
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, West Bengal, 741246, India
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Sajid M, Sharma U, Srivastava S, Yadav RK, Bharadwaj M. Microbial community and functions involved in smokeless tobacco product: a metagenomic approach. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 108:395. [PMID: 38918238 PMCID: PMC11199310 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-024-13156-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
Smokeless tobacco products (STPs) are attributed to oral cancer and oral pathologies in their users. STP-associated cancer induction is driven by carcinogenic compounds including tobacco-specific nitrosamines (TSNAs). The TSNAs synthesis could enhanced due to the metabolic activity (nitrate metabolism) of the microbial populations residing in STPs, but identifying microbial functions linked to the TSNAs synthesis remains unexplored. Here, we rendered the first report of shotgun metagenomic sequencing to comprehensively determine the genes of all microorganisms residing in the Indian STPs belonging to two commercial (Moist-snuff and Qiwam) and three loose (Mainpuri Kapoori, Dohra, and Gudakhu) STPs, specifically consumed in India. Further, the level of nicotine, TSNAs, mycotoxins, and toxic metals were determined to relate their presence with microbial activity. The microbial population majorly belongs to bacteria with three dominant phyla including Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria, and Firmicutes. Furthermore, the STP-linked microbiome displayed several functional genes associated with nitrogen metabolism and antibiotic resistance. The chemical analysis revealed that the Mainpuri Kapoori product contained a high concentration of ochratoxins-A whereas TSNAs and Zink (Zn) quantities were high in the Moist-snuff, Mainpuri Kapoori, and Gudakhu products. Hence, our observations will help in attributing the functional potential of STP-associated microbiome and in the implementation of cessation strategies against STPs. KEY POINTS: •Smokeless tobacco contains microbes that can assist TSNA synthesis. •Antibiotic resistance genes present in smokeless tobacco-associated bacteria. •Pathogens in STPs can cause infections in smokeless tobacco users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Sajid
- Division of Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Molecular Biology Group, ICMR-National Institute of Cancer Prevention and Research, Noida, India
| | - Upma Sharma
- Division of Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Molecular Biology Group, ICMR-National Institute of Cancer Prevention and Research, Noida, India
| | - Sonal Srivastava
- Division of Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Molecular Biology Group, ICMR-National Institute of Cancer Prevention and Research, Noida, India
| | - Ravi Kumar Yadav
- Division of Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Molecular Biology Group, ICMR-National Institute of Cancer Prevention and Research, Noida, India
| | - Mausumi Bharadwaj
- Division of Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Molecular Biology Group, ICMR-National Institute of Cancer Prevention and Research, Noida, India.
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40
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Abass S, Parveen R, Irfan M, Malik Z, Husain SA, Ahmad S. Mechanism of antibacterial phytoconstituents: an updated review. Arch Microbiol 2024; 206:325. [PMID: 38913205 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-024-04035-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
The increase of multiple drug resistance bacteria significantly diminishes the effectiveness of antibiotic armory and subsequently exaggerates the level of therapeutic failure. Phytoconstituents are exceptional substitutes for resistance-modifying vehicles. The plants appear to be a deep well for the discovery of novel antibacterial compounds. This is owing to the numerous enticing characteristics of plants, they are easily accessible and inexpensive, extracts or chemicals derived from plants typically have significant levels of action against infections, and they rarely cause serious adverse effects. The enormous selection of phytochemicals offers very distinct chemical structures that may provide both novel mechanisms of antimicrobial activity and deliver us with different targets in the interior of the bacterial cell. They can directly affect bacteria or act together with the crucial events of pathogenicity, in this manner decreasing the aptitude of bacteria to create resistance. Abundant phytoconstituents demonstrate various mechanisms of action toward multi drug resistance bacteria. Overall, this comprehensive review will provide insights into the potential of phytoconstituents as alternative treatments for bacterial infections, particularly those caused by multi drug resistance strains. By examining the current state of research in this area, the review will shed light on potential future directions for the development of new antimicrobial therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sageer Abass
- Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, 110025, India
- Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, 110025, India
- Centre of Excellence in Unani Medicine (Pharmacognosy and Pharmacology), Bioactive Natural Product Laboratory, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Rabea Parveen
- Centre of Excellence in Unani Medicine (Pharmacognosy and Pharmacology), Bioactive Natural Product Laboratory, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Mohammad Irfan
- Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, 110025, India
- Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Zoya Malik
- Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, 110025, India
- Centre of Excellence in Unani Medicine (Pharmacognosy and Pharmacology), Bioactive Natural Product Laboratory, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Syed Akhtar Husain
- Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Sayeed Ahmad
- Centre of Excellence in Unani Medicine (Pharmacognosy and Pharmacology), Bioactive Natural Product Laboratory, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India.
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Ferheen I, Spurio R, Marcheggiani S. Vehicle transmission of antibiotic-resistant pathogens mediated by plastic debris in aquatic ecosystems. iScience 2024; 27:110026. [PMID: 38883843 PMCID: PMC11179577 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.110026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Plastic materials are emerging environmental pollutants acting as potential vehicles for accumulation and spread of multidrug-resistant bacteria. The current study investigates the role of plastics in favoring the dispersal of specific pathogens and their associated antibiotic resistant genes (ARGs). Artificial plastic substrates (APSs) were submerged in seven sampling points of Lake Bracciano (Italy), and after one-month both APSs and raw water (RW) samples were collected. Through the combination of standard microbiological and biochemical techniques, 272 bacterial strains were identified and characterized for antibiotic resistant profiling. Our results revealed a notable difference in terms of diversity and abundance of pathogenic bacteria recovered from APSs, compared to RW. In addition, higher resistance patterns were detected in APSs isolates, with frequent appearance of relevant ARGs and class 1 integrons. These findings reinforce the idea that plastic materials in aquatic ecosystems serve as a reservoir for superbugs, significantly contributing to the dissemination of ARGs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ifra Ferheen
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Roberto Spurio
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Stefania Marcheggiani
- Department of Environment and Primary Prevention, National Institute of Health, 00161 Rome, Italy
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Abdul Hak A, Zedan HH, El-Mahallawy HA, El-Sayyad GS, Zafer MM. In Vivo and in Vitro activity of colistin-conjugated bimetallic silver-copper oxide nanoparticles against Pandrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa. BMC Microbiol 2024; 24:213. [PMID: 38886632 PMCID: PMC11181629 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-024-03358-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Addressing microbial resistance urgently calls for alternative treatment options. This study investigates the impact of a bimetallic formulation containing colistin, silver, and copper oxide on a pandrug-resistant, highly virulent Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) isolate from a cancer patient at the National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Egypt. METHODS Silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs), copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs), and bimetallic silver-copper oxide nanoparticles (Ag-CuO NPs) were synthesized using gamma rays, combined with colistin (Col), and characterized by various analytical methods. The antimicrobial activity of Col-Ag NPs, Col-CuO NPs, and bimetallic Col-Ag-CuO NPs against P. aeruginosa was evaluated using the agar well diffusion method, and their minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined using broth microdilution. Virulence factors such as pyocyanin production, swarming motility, and biofilm formation were assessed before and after treatment with bimetallic Col-Ag-CuO NPs. The in vivo efficacy was evaluated using the Galleria mellonella model, and antibacterial mechanism were examined through membrane leakage assay. RESULTS The optimal synthesis of Ag NPs occurred at a gamma ray dose of 15.0 kGy, with the highest optical density (OD) of 2.4 at 375 nm. Similarly, CuO NPs had an optimal dose of 15.0 kGy, with an OD of 1.5 at 330 nm. Bimetallic Ag-CuO NPs were most potent at 15.0 kGy, yielding an OD of 1.9 at 425 nm. The MIC of colistin was significantly reduced when combined with nanoparticles: 8 µg/mL for colistin alone, 0.046 µg/mL for Col-Ag NPs, and 0.0117 µg/mL for Col-Ag-CuO NPs. Bimetallic Col-Ag-CuO NPs reduced the MIC four-fold compared to Col-Ag NPs. Increasing the sub-inhibitory concentration of bimetallic nanoparticles from 0.29 × 10-2 to 0.58 × 10-2 µg/mL reduced P. aeruginosa swarming by 32-64% and twitching motility by 34-97%. At these concentrations, pyocyanin production decreased by 39-58%, and biofilm formation was inhibited by 33-48%. The nanoparticles were non-toxic to Galleria mellonella, showing 100% survival by day 3, similar to the saline-treated group. CONCLUSIONS The synthesis of bimetallic Ag-CuO NPs conjugated with colistin presents a promising alternative treatment for combating the challenging P. aeruginosa pathogen in hospital settings. Further research is needed to explore and elucidate the mechanisms underlying the inhibitory effects of colistin-bimetallic Ag-CuO NPs on microbial persistence and dissemination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmaa Abdul Hak
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahram Canadian University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Hamdallah H Zedan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hadir A El-Mahallawy
- Department of Clinical Pathology, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Gharieb S El-Sayyad
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahram Canadian University, Giza, Egypt.
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Galala University, New Galala City, Suez, Egypt.
- Drug Microbiology Lab, Drug Radiation Research Department, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority (EAEA), Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Mai M Zafer
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahram Canadian University, Giza, Egypt.
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Akinwale AD, Parang K, Tiwari RK, Yamaki J. Mechanistic Study of Antimicrobial Effectiveness of Cyclic Amphipathic Peptide [R 4W 4] against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Clinical Isolates. Antibiotics (Basel) 2024; 13:555. [PMID: 38927221 PMCID: PMC11201061 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics13060555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are being explored as a potential strategy to combat antibiotic resistance due to their ability to reduce susceptibility to antibiotics. This study explored whether the [R4W4] peptide mode of action is bacteriostatic or bactericidal using modified two-fold serial dilution and evaluating the synergism between gentamicin and [R4W4] against Escherichia coli (E. coli) and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) by a checkered board assay. [R4W4] exhibited bactericidal activity against bacterial isolates (MBC/MIC ≤ 4), with a synergistic effect with gentamicin against E. coli (FICI = 0.3) but not against MRSA (FICI = 0.75). Moreover, we investigated the mechanism of action of [R4W4] against MRSA by applying biophysical assays to evaluate zeta potential, cytoplasmic membrane depolarization, and lipoteichoic acid (LTA) binding affinity. [R4W4] at a 16 mg/mL concentration stabilized the zeta potential of MRSA -31 ± 0.88 mV to -8.37 mV. Also, [R4W4] at 2 × MIC and 16 × MIC revealed a membrane perturbation process associated with concentration-dependent effects. Lastly, in the presence of BODIPY-TR-cadaverine (BC) fluorescence dyes, [R4W4] exhibited binding affinity to LTA comparable with melittin, the positive control. In addition, the antibacterial activity of [R4W4] against MRSA remained unchanged in the absence and presence of LTA, with an MIC of 8 µg/mL. Therefore, the [R4W4] mechanism of action is deemed bactericidal, involving interaction with bacterial cell membranes, causing concentration-dependent membrane perturbation. Additionally, after 30 serial passages, there was a modest increment of MRSA strains resistant to [R4W4] and a change in antibacterial effectiveness MIC [R4W4] and vancomycin by 8 and 4 folds with a slight change in Levofloxacin MIC 1 to 2 µg/mL. These data suggest that [R4W4] warrants further consideration as a potential AMP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajayi David Akinwale
- Center for Targeted Drug Delivery, Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Harry and Diane Rinker Health Science Campus, Chapman University School of Pharmacy, Irvine, CA 92618, USA (K.P.)
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Harry and Diane Rinker Health Science Campus, Chapman University School of Pharmacy, Irvine, CA 92618, USA
| | - Keykavous Parang
- Center for Targeted Drug Delivery, Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Harry and Diane Rinker Health Science Campus, Chapman University School of Pharmacy, Irvine, CA 92618, USA (K.P.)
| | - Rakesh Kumar Tiwari
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific–Northwest, Western University of Health Sciences, Lebanon, OR 97355, USA
| | - Jason Yamaki
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Harry and Diane Rinker Health Science Campus, Chapman University School of Pharmacy, Irvine, CA 92618, USA
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Fu Y, Hu F, Wang F, Xu M, Jia Z, Amelung W, Mei Z, Han X, Virta M, Jiang X, Tiedje JM. Distinct Assembly Patterns of Soil Antibiotic Resistome Revealed by Land-Use Changes over 30 Years. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024; 58:10216-10226. [PMID: 38802328 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c10423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Compared with the ever-growing information about the anthropogenic discharge of nutrients, metals, and antibiotics on the disturbance of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), less is known about how the potential natural stressors drive the evolutionary processes of antibiotic resistance. This study examined how soil resistomes evolved and differentiated over 30 years in various land use settings with spatiotemporal homogeneity and minimal human impact. We found that the contents of soil organic carbon, nitrogen, soil microbial biomass, and bioavailable heavy metals, as well as related changes in the antibiotic resistome prevalence including diversity and abundance, declined in the order of grassland > cropland > bareland. Sixty-nine remaining ARGs and 14 mobile genetic elements (MGEs) were shared among three land uses. Multiple factors (i.e., soil properties, heavy metals, bacterial community, and MGEs) contributed to the evolutionary changes of the antibiotic resistome, wherein the resistome profile was dominantly driven by MGEs from both direct and indirect pathways, supported by a partial least-squares path model analysis. Our results suggest that pathways to mitigate ARGs in soils can coincide with land degradation processes, posing a challenge to the common goal of managing our environment sustainably.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhao Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Fang Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Chongqing Changan Automobile Co., Ltd., Chongqing 400023, China
| | - Fang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Min Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhongjun Jia
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- State Key Laboratory of Black Soils Conservation and Utilization, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun130102,China
| | - Wulf Amelung
- Agrosphere institute (IBG-3), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52428Jülich ,Germany
- Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES)-Soil Science and Soil Ecology, University of Bonn, 53113Bonn, Germany
| | - Zhi Mei
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Department of Microbiology, University of Helsinki, Viikinkaari 9, 00014Helsinki,Finland
| | - Xiaozeng Han
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Key Laboratory of Mollisols Agroecology, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Marko Virta
- Department of Microbiology, University of Helsinki, Viikinkaari 9, 00014Helsinki,Finland
| | - Xin Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - James M Tiedje
- Center for Microbial Ecology, Department of Plant, Soil and Microbial Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
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Boltena MT, Wolde M, Hailu B, El-Khatib Z, Steck V, Woldegerima S, Siraneh Y, Morankar S. Point prevalence of evidence-based antimicrobial use among hospitalized patients in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Sci Rep 2024; 14:12652. [PMID: 38825623 PMCID: PMC11144712 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-62651-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Excessive and improper use of antibiotics causes antimicrobial resistance which is a major threat to global health security. Hospitals in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) has the highest prevalence of antibiotic use. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to determine the pooled point prevalence (PPP) of evidence-based antimicrobial use among hospitalized patients in SSA. Literature was retrieved from CINAHL, EMBASE, Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases. Meta-analysis was conducted using STATA version 17. Forest plots using the random-effect model were used to present the findings. The heterogeneity and publication bias were assessed using the I2 statistics and Egger's test. The protocol was registered in PROSPERO with code CRD42023404075. The review was conducted according to PRISMA guidelines. A total of 26, 272 study participants reported by twenty-eight studies published from 10 countries in SSA were included. The pooled point prevalence of antimicrobial use in SSA were 64%. The pooled estimate of hospital wards with the highest antibiotic use were intensive care unit (89%). The pooled prevalence of the most common clinical indication for antibiotic use were community acquired infection (41%). The pooled point prevalence of antimicrobial use among hospitalized patients were higher in SSA. Higher use of antibiotics was recorded in intensive care units. Community acquired infection were most common clinical case among hospitalized patients. Health systems in SSA must design innovative digital health interventions to optimize clinicians adhere to evidence-based prescribing guidelines and improve antimicrobial stewardship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minyahil Tadesse Boltena
- Ethiopian Evidence Based Health Care Centre: A Joanna Briggs Institute's Center of Excellence, Faculty of Public Health, Institute of Health, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia.
- Armauer Hansen Research Institute, Ministry of Health, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
| | - Mirkuzie Wolde
- Ethiopian Evidence Based Health Care Centre: A Joanna Briggs Institute's Center of Excellence, Faculty of Public Health, Institute of Health, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia
- University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Belachew Hailu
- Armauer Hansen Research Institute, Ministry of Health, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Ziad El-Khatib
- Global Public Health Department, Karolinska Institute, Solna, Sweden
| | - Veronika Steck
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Life Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Selam Woldegerima
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Yibeltal Siraneh
- Ethiopian Evidence Based Health Care Centre: A Joanna Briggs Institute's Center of Excellence, Faculty of Public Health, Institute of Health, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia
| | - Sudhakar Morankar
- Ethiopian Evidence Based Health Care Centre: A Joanna Briggs Institute's Center of Excellence, Faculty of Public Health, Institute of Health, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia
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Ben-Amram H, Azrad M, Cohen-Assodi J, Sharabi-Nov A, Edelstein S, Agay-Shay K, Peretz A. Biofilm Formation by Hospital-Acquired Resistant Bacteria Isolated from Respiratory Samples. J Epidemiol Glob Health 2024; 14:291-297. [PMID: 38564110 PMCID: PMC11176280 DOI: 10.1007/s44197-024-00215-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hospital-acquired resistant infections (HARI) are infections, which develop 48 h or more after admission to a healthcare facility. HARI pose a considerably acute challenge, due to limited treatment options. These infections are associated bacterial biofilms, which act as a physical barrier to diverse external stresses, such as desiccation, antimicrobials and biocides. We assessed the influence of multiple factors on biofilm production by HARI -associated bacteria. METHODS Bacteria were isolated from samples of patients with respiratory HARI who were hospitalized during 2020-2022 in north Israel. Following antibiotic susceptibility testing by disc diffusion or broth microdilution, biofilm formation capacities of resistant bacteria (methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus, extended spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiela pneumonia, and multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii) was assessed using the crystalline violet staining method. Data regarding season, time to infection, bacterial species, patient age and gender, year, and medical department were collected from the patient medical records. RESULTS Among the 226 study isolates, K. pneumonia was the most prevalent (35.4%) bacteria, followed by P. aeruginosa (23.5%), and methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) (21.7%). A significantly higher rate of HARI was documented in 2022 compared to 2020-2021. The majority of isolates (63.3%) were strong biofilm producers, with K. pneumonia (50.3%) being most dominant, followed by P. aeruginosa (29.4%). Biofilm production strength was significantly affected by seasonality and hospitalization length, with strong biofilm production in autumn and in cases where hospitalization length exceeded 30 days. CONCLUSION Biofilm production by HARI bacteria is influenced by bacterial species, season and hospitalization length.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hila Ben-Amram
- Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed, Israel
- The Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, Ziv Medical Center, Affiliated with Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar Ilan University, Safed, Israel
| | - Maya Azrad
- The Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, Tzafon Medical Center, Affiliated with Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar Ilan University, Safed, Israel
| | - Jackie Cohen-Assodi
- The Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, Ziv Medical Center, Affiliated with Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar Ilan University, Safed, Israel
| | | | - Shimon Edelstein
- The Infectious Diseases, Ziv Medical Center, Affiliated with Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar Ilan University, 1311502, Safed, Israel
| | - Keren Agay-Shay
- Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed, Israel
| | - Avi Peretz
- Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed, Israel.
- The Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, Tzafon Medical Center, Affiliated with Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar Ilan University, Safed, Israel.
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Ayuti SR, Khairullah AR, Al-Arif MA, Lamid M, Warsito SH, Moses IB, Hermawan IP, Silaen OSM, Lokapirnasari WP, Aryaloka S, Ferasyi TR, Hasib A, Delima M. Tackling salmonellosis: A comprehensive exploration of risks factors, impacts, and solutions. Open Vet J 2024; 14:1313-1329. [PMID: 39055762 PMCID: PMC11268913 DOI: 10.5455/ovj.2024.v14.i6.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Salmonellosis, caused by Salmonella species, is one of the most common foodborne illnesses worldwide with an estimated 93.8 million cases and about 155,00 fatalities. In both industrialized and developing nations, Salmonellosis has been reported to be one of the most prevalent foodborne zoonoses and is linked with arrays of illness syndromes such as acute and chronic enteritis, and septicaemia. The two major and most common Salmonella species implicated in both warm-blooded and cold-blooded animals are Salmonella bongori and Salmonella enterica. To date, more than 2400 S. enterica serovars which affect both humans and animals have been identified. Salmonella is further classified into serotypes based on three primary antigenic determinants: somatic (O), flagella (H), and capsular (K). The capacity of nearly all Salmonella species to infect, multiply, and survive in human host cells with the aid of their pathogenic and virulence arsenals makes them deadly and important public health pathogens. Primarily, food-producing animals such as poultry, swine, cattle, and their products have been identified as important sources of salmonellosis. Additionally, raw fruits and vegetables are among other food types that have been linked to the spread of Salmonella spp. Based on the clinical manifestation of human salmonellosis, Salmonella strains can be categorized as either non-typhoidal Salmonella (NTS) and typhoidal Salmonella. The detection of aseptically collected Salmonella in necropsies, environmental samples, feedstuffs, rectal swabs, and food products serves as the basis for diagnosis. In developing nations, typhoid fever due to Salmonella Typhi typically results in the death of 5%-30% of those affected. The World Health Organization (WHO) calculated that there are between 16 and 17 million typhoid cases worldwide each year, with scaring 600,000 deaths as a result. The contagiousness of a Salmonella outbreak depends on the bacterial strain, serovar, growth environment, and host susceptibility. Risk factors for Salmonella infection include a variety of foods; for example, contaminated chicken, beef, and pork. Globally, there is a growing incidence and emergence of life-threatening clinical cases, especially due to multidrug-resistant (MDR) Salmonella spp, including strains exhibiting resistance to important antimicrobials such as beta-lactams, fluoroquinolones, and third-generation cephalosporins. In extreme cases, especially in situations involving very difficult-to-treat strains, death usually results. The severity of the infections resulting from Salmonella pathogens is dependent on the serovar type, host susceptibility, the type of bacterial strains, and growth environment. This review therefore aims to detail the nomenclature, etiology, history, pathogenesis, reservoir, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, epidemiology, transmission, risk factors, antimicrobial resistance, public health importance, economic impact, treatment, and control of salmonellosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siti Rani Ayuti
- Doctoral Program of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
- Research Center of Aceh Cattle and Local Livestock, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
| | - Aswin Rafif Khairullah
- Research Center for Veterinary Science, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Bogor, Indonesia
| | - Mohammad Anam Al-Arif
- Division of Animal Husbandry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Mirni Lamid
- Division of Animal Husbandry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Sunaryo Hadi Warsito
- Division of Animal Husbandry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Ikechukwu Benjamin Moses
- Department of Applied Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, Nigeria
| | | | - Otto Sahat Martua Silaen
- Doctoral Program in Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | | | - Suhita Aryaloka
- Master Program of Veterinary Agribusiness, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Teuku Reza Ferasyi
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
- Center for Tropical Veterinary Studies-One Health Collaboration Center, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
| | - Abdullah Hasib
- School of Agriculture and Food Sustainability, The University of Queensland, Gatton, Australia
| | - Mira Delima
- Department of Animal Husbandry, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
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Pandey P, Vavilala SL. From Gene Editing to Biofilm Busting: CRISPR-CAS9 Against Antibiotic Resistance-A Review. Cell Biochem Biophys 2024; 82:549-560. [PMID: 38702575 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-024-01276-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
In recent decades, the development of novel antimicrobials has significantly slowed due to the emergence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR), intensifying the global struggle against infectious diseases. Microbial populations worldwide rapidly develop resistance due to the widespread use of antibiotics, primarily targeting drug-resistant germs. A prominent manifestation of this resistance is the formation of biofilms, where bacteria create protective layers using signaling pathways such as quorum sensing. In response to this challenge, the CRISPR-Cas9 method has emerged as a ground-breaking strategy to counter biofilms. Initially identified as the "adaptive immune system" of bacteria, CRISPR-Cas9 has evolved into a state-of-the-art genetic engineering tool. Its exceptional precision in altering specific genes across diverse microorganisms positions it as a promising alternative for addressing antibiotic resistance by selectively modifying genes in diverse microorganisms. This comprehensive review concentrates on the historical background, discovery, developmental stages, and distinct components of CRISPR Cas9 technology. Emphasizing its role as a widely used genome engineering tool, the review explores how CRISPR Cas9 can significantly contribute to the targeted disruption of genes responsible for biofilm formation, highlighting its pivotal role in reshaping strategies to combat antibiotic resistance and mitigate the challenges posed by biofilm-associated infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooja Pandey
- School of Biological Sciences, UM DAE Centre for Excellence in Basic Sciences, Mumbai, 400098, India
| | - Sirisha L Vavilala
- School of Biological Sciences, UM DAE Centre for Excellence in Basic Sciences, Mumbai, 400098, India.
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Wiśniewski P, Zakrzewski A, Chajęcka-Wierzchowska W, Zadernowska A. Possibility of transfer and activation of 'silent' tetracycline resistance genes among Enterococcus faecalis under high-pressure processing. Food Microbiol 2024; 120:104481. [PMID: 38431327 DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2024.104481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
In this study, the tetracycline resistance of Enterococcus faecalis strains isolated from food was determined and molecular analyses of the resistance background were performed by determining the frequency of selected tetracycline resistance genes. In addition, the effect of high-pressure stress (400 and 500 MPa) on the expression of selected genes encoding tetracycline resistance was determined, as well as changes in the frequency of transfer of these genes in isolates showing sensitivity to tetracyclines. In our study, we observed an increase in the expression of genes encoding tetracyclines, especially the tet(L) gene, mainly under 400 MPa pressure. The study confirmed the possibility of transferring genes encoding tetracyclines such as tet(M), tet(L), tet(K), tet(W) and tet(O) by horizontal gene transfer in both control strains and exposed to high-pressure. Exposure of the strains to 400 MPa pressure had a greater effect on the possibility of gene transfer and expression than the application of a higher-pressure. To our knowledge, this study for the first time determined the effect of high-pressure stress on the expression of selected genes encoding tetracycline resistance, as well as the possibility and changes in the frequency of transfer of these genes in Enterococcus faecalis isolates showing sensitivity to tetracyclines and possessing silent genes. Due to the observed possibility of increased expression of some of the genes encoding tetracycline resistance and the possibility of their spread by horizontal gene transfer to other microorganisms in the food environment, under the influence of high-pressure processing in strains phenotypically susceptible to this antibiotic, it becomes necessary to monitor this ability in isolates derived from foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patryk Wiśniewski
- Department of Food Microbiology, Meat Technology and Chemistry, Faculty of Food Science, University of Warmia and Mazury, Plac Cieszyński 1, 10-718, Olsztyn, Poland.
| | - Arkadiusz Zakrzewski
- Department of Food Microbiology, Meat Technology and Chemistry, Faculty of Food Science, University of Warmia and Mazury, Plac Cieszyński 1, 10-718, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Wioleta Chajęcka-Wierzchowska
- Department of Food Microbiology, Meat Technology and Chemistry, Faculty of Food Science, University of Warmia and Mazury, Plac Cieszyński 1, 10-718, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Anna Zadernowska
- Department of Food Microbiology, Meat Technology and Chemistry, Faculty of Food Science, University of Warmia and Mazury, Plac Cieszyński 1, 10-718, Olsztyn, Poland
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Almowallad SJ, Alqahtani LS. Synergistic antimicrobial action of chitosan-neem extracts nanoformulation as a promising strategy for overcoming multi-drug resistant bacteria. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 272:132337. [PMID: 38797302 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
The objective of the present study was to analyze and identify the phytochemical components found in neem leaf extracts using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) methods. The extract samples were acquired using ethyl acetate (EA) and petroleum ether (PE) solvents. Moreover, the extracts were assessed for their antibacterial and antioxidant features. In addition, chitosan nanoparticles (Cs NPs) containing neem extracts were synthesized and evaluated for their potential antibacterial properties, explicitly targeting multi-drug resistant (MDR) bacteria. The neem extracts were analyzed using GC-MS, which identified components such as hydrocarbons, phenolic compounds, terpenoids, alkaloids, and glycosides. Results revealed that the PE extract showed significant antibacterial activity against a range of bacteria. In addition, the PE extract exhibited significant antioxidant activity, exceeding both the EA extract and vitamin C. In addition, both extracts exhibited notable antibiofilm activity, significantly inhibiting the production of biofilm. The Cs NPs, loaded with neem extracts, exhibited significant antibacterial action against multidrug-resistant (MDR) microorganisms. The Cs NPs/EA materials had the greatest zone of inhibition values of 24 ± 2.95 mm against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Similarly, the Cs NPs/PE materials exhibited a zone of inhibition measurement of 22 ± 3.14 mm against P. aeruginosa. This work highlights the various biochemical components of neem extracts, their strong abilities to combat bacteria and oxidative stress, and the possibility of Cs NPs containing neem extracts as effective treatments for antibiotic-resistant bacterial strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanaa J Almowallad
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71421, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Leena S Alqahtani
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah 23445, Saudi Arabia
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