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Yang S, Hu L, Zhao Y, Meng G, Xu S, Han R. Prevalence of multidrug-resistant bacterial infections in diabetic foot ulcers: A meta-analysis. Int Wound J 2024; 21:e14864. [PMID: 38619084 PMCID: PMC11017433 DOI: 10.1111/iwj.14864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacterial infections have become increasingly common in recent years due to the increased prevalence of diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs). We carried out a meta-analysis aimed at investigating the prevalence of MDR bacteria isolated from DFUs and analysing the risk factors for MDR bacterial infection in patients with DFUs. The PubMed/Medline, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Library, Ovid, Scopus, and ProQuest databases were searched for studies published up to November 2023 on the clinical outcomes of MDR bacteria in DFUs. The main outcome was the prevalence of MDR bacteria in DFUs. A total of 21 studies were included, representing 4885 patients from which 2633 MDR bacterial isolates were obtained. The prevalence of MDR bacteria in DFUs was 50.86% (95% confidence interval (CI): 41.92%-59.78%). The prevalence of MDR gram-positive bacteria (GPB) in DFUs was 19.81% (95% CI: 14.35%-25.91%), and the prevalence of MDR gram-negative bacteria (GNB) in DFUs was 32.84% (95% CI: 26.40%-39.62%). MDR Staphylococcus aureus (12.13% (95% CI: 8.79%-15.91%)) and MDR Enterococcus spp. (3.33% (95% CI: 1.92%-5.07%)) were the main MDR-GPB in DFUs. MDR Escherichia coli, MDR Pseudomonas aeruginosa, MDR Enterobacter spp., MDR Klebsiella pneumoniae, and MDR Proteus mirabilis were the main MDR-GNB in DFUs. The prevalence rates were 6.93% (95% CI: 5.15%-8.95%), 6.01% (95% CI: 4.03%-8.33%), 3.59% (95% CI: 0.42%-9.30%), 3.50% (95% CI: 2.31%-4.91%), and 3.27% (95% CI: 1.74%-5.21%), respectively. The clinical variables of diabetic foot ulcer patients infected with MDR bacteria and non-MDR bacteria in the included studies were analysed. The results showed that peripheral vascular disease, peripheral neuropathy, nephropathy, osteomyelitis, Wagner's grade, previous hospitalization and previous use of antibacterial drugs were significantly different between the MDR bacterial group and the non-MDR bacterial group. We concluded that there is a high prevalence of MDR bacterial infections in DFUs. The prevalence of MDR-GNB was greater than that of MDR-GPB in DFUs. MDR S. aureus was the main MDR-GPB in DFUs, and MDR E. coli was the main MDR-GNB in DFUs. Our study also indicated that peripheral vascular disease, peripheral neuropathy, nephropathy, osteomyelitis, Wagner's grade, previous hospitalization, and previous use of antibacterial drugs were associated with MDR bacterial infections in patients with DFUs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoling Yang
- Department of EndocrinologyThe Bethune International Peace HospitalShijiazhuangChina
| | - Liye Hu
- Department of EndocrinologyThe Bethune International Peace HospitalShijiazhuangChina
| | - Yue Zhao
- Department of OrthopaedicsThe Gucheng County Hospital of Hebei ProvinceGuchengChina
| | - Guangzhe Meng
- Department of EndocrinologyThe Bethune International Peace HospitalShijiazhuangChina
| | - Sijia Xu
- Department of EndocrinologyThe Bethune International Peace HospitalShijiazhuangChina
| | - Rui Han
- Department of NeurologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuangChina
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Devanesan S, David HA, Ranjitsingh AJ, Alzahim T, Selvam R, AlSalhi MS. Efficient biogenesis of calcium oxide nanoparticles using the extract of Eleusine coracana seeds and their application against multidrug-resistant ocular bacterial pathogens. Environ Res 2024; 251:118632. [PMID: 38467361 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
Visual impairment due to corneal keratitis-causing bacteria is becoming a matter of health concern. The bacterial colonization and their resistance to multiple drugs need imperative attention. To overcome the issue of alternative remedial therapeutic agents, particularly for topical application, a study was carried out to synthesize calcium oxide nanoparticles (CaO NPs) using the biomaterial Eleusine coracana seed aqueous extract. The biosynthesized calcium oxide nanoparticles (CaO NPs) are non-toxic or less-toxic chemical precursors. Moreover, CaO NPs are eco-friendly and are used for several industrial, biomedical, and environmental applications. Biosynthesized CaO NPs were characterized using ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and dynamic light scattering study. The synthesized CaO NPs exhibit with good anti-inflammatory activities with dose dependant (50-250 μg/mL). Moreover, Eleusine coracana-mediated CaO NPs significantly inhibited the multiple drug-resistant Gram-positive Staphylococci epidermidis and Enterococcus faecalis and Gram-negative Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae that were isolated from the corneal ulcer. This study provides a potential therapeutic option for multiple drug-resistant corneal pathogens that cause vision impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandhanasamy Devanesan
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Heber A David
- Dr Agarwals Eye Hospital, 15, S Bypass Rd, Vannarpettai, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu, 627003, India
| | - Amirtham J Ranjitsingh
- Department of Biotechnology, Prathyusha Engineering College, Chennai, 602025, India; Clinbiocare Biotechnology Institute, Mathalamparai, Tenkasi, 627 814, India
| | - Tariq Alzahim
- Department of Ophthalmology, Retina Unit, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Robert Selvam
- Department of Advanced Zoology and Biotechnology, Loyola Health Centre, Loyola College (Autonomous), Chennai, 600 034, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Mohamad S AlSalhi
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
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Shao H, Zhang X, Li Y, Gao Y, Wang Y, Shao X, Dai L. Epidemiology and drug resistance analysis of bloodstream infections in an intensive care unit from a children's medical center in Eastern China for six consecutive years. Int Microbiol 2024:10.1007/s10123-024-00481-2. [PMID: 38233723 DOI: 10.1007/s10123-024-00481-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Children in the intensive care unit (ICU) who suffer from severe basic diseases and low immunity are usually in critical condition. It is crucial to assist clinicians in selecting the appropriate empirical antibiotic therapies for clinical infection control. METHODS We retrospectively analyzed data from 281 children with bloodstream infection (BSI). Comparisons of basic data, pathogenic information, and drug resistance of the main bacteria were conducted. RESULTS We detected 328 strains, including Gram-positive bacteria (223, 68%), mainly coagulase-negative Staphylococci (CoNS); Gram-negative bacteria (91, 27.7%); and fungi (14, 4.3%). The results of the binary logistic regression analysis showed that the main basic disease was an independent risk factor for death. Compared with Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae exhibited a higher proportion of extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs), and its resistance to some β-lactamides and quinolones antibiotics were lower. Twenty-seven isolates of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria were detected, of which carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB) accounted for the highest proportion (13, 48.2%). CONCLUSIONS CoNS was the principal pathogen causing BSI in children in the ICU of children, and Escherichia coli was the most common Gram-negative pathogen. The main basic disease was an independent risk factor for death. It is necessary to continuously monitor patients with positive blood cultures, pay special attention to detected MDR bacteria, and strengthen the management of antibiotics and prevention and control of nosocomial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huijiang Shao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, No. 92, Zhong Nan Street, Industrial Park, Suzhou, 215025, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, No. 92, Zhong Nan Street, Industrial Park, Suzhou, 215025, China
- Institute of Pediatric Research, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215025, China
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, No. 92, Zhong Nan Street, Industrial Park, Suzhou, 215025, China
- Institute of Pediatric Research, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215025, China
| | - Yuanyuan Gao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, No. 92, Zhong Nan Street, Industrial Park, Suzhou, 215025, China
| | - Yunzhong Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, No. 92, Zhong Nan Street, Industrial Park, Suzhou, 215025, China
| | - Xuejun Shao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, No. 92, Zhong Nan Street, Industrial Park, Suzhou, 215025, China.
- Institute of Pediatric Research, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215025, China.
| | - Ling Dai
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, No. 92, Zhong Nan Street, Industrial Park, Suzhou, 215025, China.
- Institute of Pediatric Research, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215025, China.
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Andrews C, Williams R, Burneko M. Use of liposomal bupivacaine in dogs and cats undergoing gastrointestinal surgery is not associated with a higher rate of surgical site infections or multidrug-resistant infections. J Am Vet Med Assoc 2024; 262:1-6. [PMID: 37918106 DOI: 10.2460/javma.23.08.0463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To report the rate of surgical site infections (SSIs) after clean-contaminated and dirty gastrointestinal surgery in dogs and cats that did and did not receive incisional infiltration of Nocita and report the bacteria isolated. ANIMALS Client-owned dogs (n = 211) and cats (78). METHODS Records of dogs and cats that underwent gastrointestinal surgery at the Matthew J. Ryan Veterinary Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania and the University of Florida Small Animal Hospital between July 1, 2020, and April 1, 2023, were reviewed for surgical procedures, presence of preoperative septic peritonitis, use of Nocita, perioperative antibiotics administered, postoperative antibiotic use, SSI development postoperatively, and aerobic bacteria isolated. RESULTS 7 of 124 (5.6%) dogs that received Nocita and 9 of 87 (10.2%) that did not receive Nocita developed an SSI. No dogs presenting with septic peritonitis and given Nocita (n = 5) developed an SSI. Two of 55 (3.6%) cats that received Nocita and 1 of 23 (4%) that did not receive Nocita developed an SSI. Multidrug-resistant (MDR) Escherichia coli was the most common aerobic bacteria isolated from SSIs (n = 3), and MDR bacteria were isolated commonly from both groups (4). CLINICAL RELEVANCE Use of Nocita for gastrointestinal surgery in dogs and cats is not associated with higher rates of SSI than published rates of SSI after gastrointestinal surgery. Use of Nocita in dogs with preoperative septic peritonitis is not associated with the development of SSI. MDR bacteria are commonly isolated via culture from both dogs that received Nocita and those that did not.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille Andrews
- 1College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
| | - Rachel Williams
- 1College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
| | - Marie Burneko
- 2School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
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El-Mohsnawy E, El-Shaer A, El-Gharabawy F, El-Hawary EE, El-Shanshoury AERR. Assignment of the antibacterial potential of Ag 2O/ZnO nanocomposite against MDR bacteria Proteus mirabilis and Salmonella typhi isolated from bone marrow transplant patients. Braz J Microbiol 2023; 54:2807-2815. [PMID: 37801221 PMCID: PMC10689719 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-023-01138-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The rate of infectious diseases started to be one of the major mortality agents in the healthcare sector. Exposed to increased bacterial infection by antibiotic-resistant bacteria became one of the complications that occurred for bone marrow transplant patients. Nanotechnology may provide clinicians and patients with the key to overcoming multidrug-resistant bacteria. Therefore, this study was conducted to clarify the prevalence of MDR bacteria in bone marrow transplant recipients and the use of Ag2O/ZnO nanocomposites to treat participants of diarrhea brought on by MDR bacteria following bone marrow transplantation (BMT). Present results show that pathogenic bacteria were present in 100 of 195 stool samples from individuals who had diarrhea. Phenotypic, biochemical, and molecular analysis clarify that Proteus mirabilis and Salmonella typhi were detected in 21 and 25 samples, respectively. Successful synthesis of Ag2O/ZnO nanocomposites with a particle enables to inhibition of both pathogens. The maximum inhibitory impact was seen on Salmonella typhi. At low doses (10-5 g/l), it prevented the growth by 53.4%, while at higher concentrations (10-1 g/l), Salmonella typhi was inhibited by 95.5%. Regarding Proteus mirabilis, at (10-5 g/l) Ag2O/ZnO, it was inhabited by 78.7%, but at higher concentrations (10-1 g/l), it was inhibited the growth by 94.6%. Ag2O/ZnO nanocomposite was therefore found to be the most effective therapy for MDR-isolated bacteria and offered promise for the treatment of MDR bacterial infections that cause diarrhea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eithar El-Mohsnawy
- Microbial Biotechnology Unit, Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, 33516, Egypt.
| | - Abdelhamid El-Shaer
- Nanotechnology Unit, Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, 33516, Egypt
| | - Fadia El-Gharabawy
- Microbial Biotechnology Unit, Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, 33516, Egypt
| | - Eslam E El-Hawary
- Pediatric Hematology and Oncology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, 31527, Egypt
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Amin YA, Abdelaziz SG, Said AH. Treatment of postpartum endometritis induced by multidrug-resistant bacterial infection in dairy cattle by green synthesized zinc oxide nanoparticles and in vivo evaluation of its broad spectrum antimicrobial activity in cow uteri. Res Vet Sci 2023; 165:105074. [PMID: 37948844 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2023.105074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 10/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Postpartum endometritis significantly affects the health and productivity of cattle, causing significant economic loss that is speculated to exceed billions of dollars annually. Treatment of postpartum endometritis, which is linked to various bacterial infections in the uterus after delivery and has an alarmingly high risk of antibiotic treatment failure for unidentified reasons, represents a great challenge. Several studies have demonstrated that various disease complications, such as multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacterial strains, prolonged infection treatment, and increased mortality risk, have emerged as a result of the extensive use of antibiotics to treat uterine infections and other microbial-related diseases. Recent research has led to the development of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) that exhibit broad-spectrum antibacterial efficacy against bacterial pathogens, including MDR bacteria, without producing mutants that are resistant to zinc oxide (ZnO). In the present work, we biologically synthesized ZnO NPs from a green natural source of Helianthus annuus seeds for the treatment of endometritis caused by MDR bacterial strains in dairy cattle. We examined ZnO's potential as a substitute antimicrobial agent to treat cow endometritis by testing its ability to sustain potent antimicrobial activity against pathogenic bacteria, including Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), in cow uteri. Among uterine bacteria, ZnO significantly decreased E. coli and S. aureus, which are known pathogenic bacteria within the uterus and achieved a high cure rate that was associated with the induction of estrous and pregnancy. Taken together, our observations of ZnO's broad range of antibacterial activity in-vivo with an animal model and subsequent evaluations of its therapeutic efficacy in cows with endometritis shed light on its potential to be used as a substitute antimicrobial agent for the treatment of uterine illness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yahia A Amin
- Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Aswan University, Aswan, Egypt.
| | - Sahar Gamal Abdelaziz
- Microbiology Department, Animal Health Research Institute (AHRI), Agriculture Research Centre (ARC), Qena, Egypt
| | - Alaa H Said
- Electronic and Nano Devices Lab, Faculty of Science, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt
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Alhoufie ST, Mumena WA, Alsharif N, Makhdoom HM, Almutawif YA, Alfarouk KO, Alharbi MZ, Aljabri K, Aljifri A. Epidemiological Characteristics and Outcomes Predictors for Intensive Care Unit COVID-19 Patients in Al-Madinah, Saudi Arabia. Retrospective Cohort Study. Infect Drug Resist 2023; 16:5573-5586. [PMID: 37645558 PMCID: PMC10461755 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s419724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The global pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19) increased the demand for intensive care unit (ICU) services. Mortality and morbidity rates among ICU COVID-19 patients are affected by several factors, such as severity, comorbidities, and coinfections. In this study, we describe the demographic characteristics of COVID-19 patients admitted to an ICU in Saudi Arabia, and we determined the predictors for mortality and prolonged ICU length of stay. Additionally, we determined the prevalence of bacterial coinfection and its effect on the outcomes for ICU COVID-19 patients. Methods We retrospectively studied the medical records of 142 COVID-19 patients admitted to the ICU at a tertiary hospital in Madinah, Saudi Arabia. Data on demographics, medical history, mortality, length of stay, and presence of coinfection were collected for each patient. Results Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and intubation were reliable predictors of mortality and ICU length of stay among these ICU COVID-19 patients. Moreover, bacterial coinfections were detected in 23.2% of the patients and significantly (p < 0.001) prolonged their ICU length of stay, explaining the 10% increase in the length of stay for these patients. Furthermore, mortality reached 70% among the coinfected patients, and 60.8% of the isolated coinfecting pathogens were multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, and Staphylococcus aureus. Conclusion Increased NLR and intubation are predictors of mortality and prolonged length of stay in COVID-19 patients admitted to the ICU. Coinfection with MDR bacterial strains potentially results in complications and is a high-risk factor for prolonged ICU length of stay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sari T Alhoufie
- Medical Laboratories Technology Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, Al-Madinah Al-Munwarah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Walaa A Mumena
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, Al-Madinah Al-Munwarah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Naif Alsharif
- King Salman Medical City, Al-Madinah General Hospital, Al-Madinah Al-Munwarah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hatim M Makhdoom
- Medical Laboratories Technology Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, Al-Madinah Al-Munwarah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yahya A Almutawif
- Medical Laboratories Technology Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, Al-Madinah Al-Munwarah, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Mohammed Z Alharbi
- King Salman Medical City, Al-Madinah General Hospital, Al-Madinah Al-Munwarah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khaled Aljabri
- King Salman Medical City, Al-Madinah General Hospital, Al-Madinah Al-Munwarah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alanoud Aljifri
- Al-Madinah Health Cluster, Ministry of Health, Al-Madinah Al-Munwarah, Saudi Arabia
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Khalid K, Poh CL. The Promising Potential of Reverse Vaccinology-Based Next-Generation Vaccine Development over Conventional Vaccines against Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:1264. [PMID: 37515079 PMCID: PMC10385262 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11071264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The clinical use of antibiotics has led to the emergence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria, leading to the current antibiotic resistance crisis. To address this issue, next-generation vaccines are being developed to prevent antimicrobial resistance caused by MDR bacteria. Traditional vaccine platforms, such as inactivated vaccines (IVs) and live attenuated vaccines (LAVs), were effective in preventing bacterial infections. However, they have shown reduced efficacy against emerging antibiotic-resistant bacteria, including MDR M. tuberculosis. Additionally, the large-scale production of LAVs and IVs requires the growth of live pathogenic microorganisms. A more promising approach for the accelerated development of vaccines against antibiotic-resistant bacteria involves the use of in silico immunoinformatics techniques and reverse vaccinology. The bioinformatics approach can identify highly conserved antigenic targets capable of providing broader protection against emerging drug-resistant bacteria. Multi-epitope vaccines, such as recombinant protein-, DNA-, or mRNA-based vaccines, which incorporate several antigenic targets, offer the potential for accelerated development timelines. This review evaluates the potential of next-generation vaccine development based on the reverse vaccinology approach and highlights the development of safe and immunogenic vaccines through relevant examples from successful preclinical and clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanwal Khalid
- Centre for Virus and Vaccine Research, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Bandar Sunway, Subang Jaya 47500, Malaysia
| | - Chit Laa Poh
- Centre for Virus and Vaccine Research, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Bandar Sunway, Subang Jaya 47500, Malaysia
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Sharma A, Karande M, Zumla A. Advancing sewage surveillance at mass gathering events for reducing transmission of antimicrobial resistant bacterial pathogens. Travel Med Infect Dis 2023; 54:102619. [PMID: 37453675 DOI: 10.1016/j.tmaid.2023.102619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Avinash Sharma
- DBT-National Centre for Cell Science, NCCS Complex, Ganeshkhind, Pune, 411007, India.
| | - Mrunal Karande
- DBT-National Centre for Cell Science, NCCS Complex, Ganeshkhind, Pune, 411007, India.
| | - Alimuddin Zumla
- Department of Infection, Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, UK; NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, UCL Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
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Hormazábal DB, Reyes ÁB, Castro F, Cabrera AR, Dreyse P, Melo-González F, Bueno SM, González IA, Palavecino CE. Synergistic effect of Ru(II)-based type II photodynamic therapy with cefotaxime on clinical isolates of ESBL-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 164:114949. [PMID: 37267640 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Multidrug-resistant bacteria, such as ESBL producing-Klebsiella pneumoniae, have increased substantially, encouraging the development of complementary therapies such as photodynamic inactivation (PDI). PDI uses photosensitizer (PS) compounds that kill bacteria using light to produce reactive oxygen species. We test Ru-based PS to inhibit K. pneumoniae and advance in the characterization of the mode of action. The PDI activity of PSRu-L2, and PSRu-L3, was determined by serial micro dilutions exposing K. pneumoniae to 0.612 J/cm 2 of light dose. PS interaction with cefotaxime was determined on a collection of 118 clinical isolates of K. pneumoniae. To characterize the mode of action of PDI, the bacterial response to oxidative stress was measured by RT-qPCR. Also, the cytotoxicity on mammalian cells was assessed by trypan blue exclusion. Over clinical isolates, the compounds are bactericidal, at doses of 8 µg/mL PSRu-L2 and 4 µg/mL PSRu-L3, inhibit bacterial growth by 3 log10 (>99.9%) with a lethality of 30 min. A remarkable synergistic effect of the PSRu-L2 and PSRu-L3 compounds with cefotaxime increased the bactericidal effect in a subpopulation of 66 ESBL-clinical isolates to > 6 log10 with an FIC-value of 0.16 and 0.17, respectively. The bacterial transcription response suggests that the mode of action occurs through Type II oxidative stress. The upregulation of the extracytoplasmic virulence factors mrkD, magA, and rmpA accompanied this response. Also, the compounds show little or no toxicity in vitro on HEp-2 and HEK293T cells. Through the type II effect, PSs compounds are bactericidal, synergistic on K. pneumoniae, and have low cytotoxicity in mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dafne Berenice Hormazábal
- Laboratorio de Microbiología Celular, Instituto de Investigación y Postgrado, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Central de Chile, Lord Cochrane 418, Santiago 8330546, Chile
| | - Ángeles Beatriz Reyes
- Laboratorio de Microbiología Celular, Instituto de Investigación y Postgrado, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Central de Chile, Lord Cochrane 418, Santiago 8330546, Chile
| | - Francisco Castro
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Química y de Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Macul, Santiago, Chile
| | - Alan R Cabrera
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Química y de Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Macul, Santiago, Chile
| | - Paulina Dreyse
- Departamento de Química, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Av. España 1680, Casilla 2390123, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Felipe Melo-González
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8330025, Chile
| | - Susan M Bueno
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8330025, Chile
| | - Iván A González
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Matemática y del Medio Ambiente, Universidad Tecnológica Metropolitana, Las Palmeras 3360, Ñuñoa, Santiago 7800003, Chile.
| | - Christian Erick Palavecino
- Laboratorio de Microbiología Celular, Instituto de Investigación y Postgrado, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Central de Chile, Lord Cochrane 418, Santiago 8330546, Chile.
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Sarfraz MH, Muzammil S, Hayat S, Khurshid M, Sayyid AH. Fabrication of chitosan and Trianthema portulacastrum mediated copper oxide nanoparticles: Antimicrobial potential against MDR bacteria and biological efficacy for antioxidant, antidiabetic and photocatalytic activities. Int J Biol Macromol 2023:124954. [PMID: 37211075 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Biopolymer based metal oxide nanoparticles, prepared by eco-friendly approach, are gaining interest owing to their wide range of applications. In this study, aqueous extract of Trianthema portulacastrum was used for the green synthesis of chitosan base copper oxide (CH-CuO) nanoparticles. The nanoparticles were characterized through UV-Vis Spectrophotometry, SEM, TEM, FTIR and XRD analysis. These techniques provided evidence for the successful synthesis of the nanoparticles, having poly-dispersed spherical shaped morphology with average crystallite size of 17.37 nm. The antibacterial activity for the CH-CuO nanoparticles was determined against multi-drug resistant (MDR), Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa (gram-negative), Enterococcus faecium and Staphylococcus aureus (gram-positive). Maximum activity was obtained against Escherichia coli (24 ± 1.99 mm) while least activity was observed against Staphylococcus aureus (17 ± 1.54 mm). In-vitro analysis for biofilm inhibition, EPS and cell surface hydrophobicity showed >60 % inhibitions for all the bacterial isolates. Antioxidant and photocatalytic assays for the nanoparticles showed significant activities of radical scavenging (81 ± 4.32 %) and dye degradation (88 %), respectively. Antidiabetic activity for the nanoparticles, determined by in-vitro analysis of alpha amylase inhibition, showed enzyme inhibition of 47 ± 3.29 %. The study signifies the potential of CH-CuO nanoparticle as an effective antimicrobial agent against MDR bacteria along with the antidiabetic and photocatalytic activities.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Saima Muzammil
- Institute of Microbiology, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
| | - Sumreen Hayat
- Institute of Microbiology, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Mohsin Khurshid
- Institute of Microbiology, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Abid Hussain Sayyid
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
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12
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Ahamad Khan M, Lone SA, Shahid M, Zeyad MT, Syed A, Ehtram A, Elgorban AM, Verma M, Danish M. Phytogenically Synthesized Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) Potentially Inhibit the Bacterial Pathogens: In Vitro Studies. Toxics 2023; 11:toxics11050452. [PMID: 37235266 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11050452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The usefulness of nanoparticles (NPs) in biological applications, such as nanomedicine, is becoming more widely acknowledged. Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) are a type of metal oxide nanoparticle with an extensive use in biomedicine. Here, ZnO-NPs were synthesized using Cassia siamea (L.) leaf extract and characterized using state-of-the-art techniques; UV-vis spectroscopy, XRD, FTIR, and SEM. At sub-minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) levels, the ability of ZnO@Cs-NPs to suppress quorum-mediated virulence factors and biofilm formation against clinical MDR isolates (Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 and Chromobacterium violaceum MCC-2290) was tested. The ½MIC of ZnO@Cs-NPs reduced violacein production by C. violaceum. Furthermore, ZnO@Cs-NPs sub-MIC significantly inhibited virulence factors such aspyoverdin, pyocyanin, elastase, exoprotease, rhamnolipid, and the swimming motility of P. aeruginosa PAO1 by 76.9, 49.0, 71.1, 53.3, 89.5, and 60%, respectively. Moreover, ZnO@Cs-NPs also showed wide anti-biofilm efficacy, inhibiting a maximum of 67 and 56% biofilms in P. aeruginosa and C. violaceum, respectively. In addition, ZnO@Cs-NPs suppressed extra polymeric substances (EPS) produced by isolates. Additionally, under confocal microscopy, propidium iodide-stained cells of P. aeruginosa and C. violaceum show ZnO@Cs-NP-induced impairment in membrane permeability, revealing strong anti-bacterial efficacy. This research demonstrates that newly synthesized ZnO@Cs-NPs demonstrate a strong efficacy against clinical isolates. In a nutshell, ZnO@Cs-NPs can be used as an alternative therapeutic agent for managing pathogenic infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mo Ahamad Khan
- Department of Microbiology, Jawahar Lal Nehru Medical College (JNMC), Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - Showkat Ahmad Lone
- Department of Microbiology, Government Medical College, Baramulla 19310, India
| | - Mohammad Shahid
- Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture Science, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - Mohammad Tarique Zeyad
- Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture Science, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - Asad Syed
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aquib Ehtram
- La Jolla Institute for Immunology, San Diego, CA 92037, USA
| | - Abdallah M Elgorban
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Meenakshi Verma
- Centre of Research & Development, Department of Chemistry, Chandigarh University, Mohali 160055, India
| | - Mohammad Danish
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
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13
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AlBalawi AN, Elmetwalli A, Baraka DM, Alnagar HA, Alamri ES, Hassan MG. Chemical Constituents, Antioxidant Potential, and Antimicrobial Efficacy of Pimpinella anisum Extracts against Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria. Microorganisms 2023; 11:microorganisms11041024. [PMID: 37110449 PMCID: PMC10144661 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11041024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Aniseeds (Pimpinella anisum) have gained increasing attention for their nutritional and health benefits. Aniseed extracts are known to contain a range of compounds, including flavonoids, terpenes, and essential oils. These compounds have antimicrobial properties, meaning they can help inhibit the growth of nasty bacteria and other microbes. The purpose of this study was to determine if aniseed extracts have potential antioxidant, phytochemical, and antimicrobial properties against multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria. A disc diffusion test was conducted in vitro to test the aniseed methanolic extract's antibacterial activity. The MIC, MBC, and inhibition zone diameters measure the minimum inhibitory concentration, minimum bactericidal concentration, and size of the zone developed when the extract is placed on a bacterial culture, respectively. HPLC and GC/MS are analytical techniques used for identifying the phenolics and chemical constituents in the extract. DPPH, ABTS, and iron-reducing power assays were performed to evaluate the total antioxidant capacity of the extract. Using HPLC, oxygenated monoterpenes represented the majority of the aniseed content, mainly estragole, cis-anethole, and trans-anethole at 4422.39, 3150.11, and 2312.11 (g/g), respectively. All of the examined bacteria are very sensitive to aniseed's antibacterial effects. It is thought that aniseed's antibacterial activity could be attributed to the presence of phenolic compounds which include catechins, methyl gallates, caffeic acid, and syringic acids. According to the GC analysis, several flavonoids were detected, including catechin, isochiapin, and trans-ferulic acid, as well as quercitin rhamnose, kaempferol-O-rutinoside, gibberellic acid, and hexadecadienoic acid. Upon quantification of the most abundant estragole, we found that estragole recovery was sufficient for proving its antimicrobial activity against MDR bacteria. Utilizing three methods, the extract demonstrated strong antioxidant activity. Aniseed extract clearly inhibited MDR bacterial isolates, indicating its potential use as an anti-virulence strategy. It is assumed that polyphenolic acids and flavonoids are responsible for this activity. Trans-anethole and estragole were aniseed chemotypes. Aniseed extracts showed higher antioxidant activity than vitamin C. Future investigations into the compatibility and synergism of aniseed phenolic compounds with commercial antibacterial treatments may also show them to be promising options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aisha Nawaf AlBalawi
- Biology Department, University College of Haqel, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alaa Elmetwalli
- Department of Clinical Trial Research Unit and Drug Discovery, Egyptian Liver Research Institute and Hospital (ELRIAH), Mansoura 35818, Egypt
| | - Dina M Baraka
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Benha University, Benha 33516, Egypt
| | - Hadeer A Alnagar
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Benha University, Benha 33516, Egypt
| | - Eman Saad Alamri
- Nutrition and Food Science Department, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mervat G Hassan
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Benha University, Benha 33516, Egypt
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14
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Hetta HF, Ramadan YN, Al-Harbi AI, A. Ahmed E, Battah B, Abd Ellah NH, Zanetti S, Donadu MG. Nanotechnology as a Promising Approach to Combat Multidrug Resistant Bacteria: A Comprehensive Review and Future Perspectives. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11020413. [PMID: 36830949 PMCID: PMC9953167 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11020413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The wide spread of antibiotic resistance has been alarming in recent years and poses a serious global hazard to public health as it leads to millions of deaths all over the world. The wide spread of resistance and sharing resistance genes between different types of bacteria led to emergence of multidrug resistant (MDR) microorganisms. This problem is exacerbated when microorganisms create biofilms, which can boost bacterial resistance by up to 1000-fold and increase the emergence of MDR infections. The absence of novel and potent antimicrobial compounds is linked to the rise of multidrug resistance. This has sparked international efforts to develop new and improved antimicrobial agents as well as innovative and efficient techniques for antibiotic administration and targeting. There is an evolution in nanotechnology in recent years in treatment and prevention of the biofilm formation and MDR infection. The development of nanomaterial-based therapeutics, which could overcome current pathways linked to acquired drug resistance, is a hopeful strategy for treating difficult-to-treat bacterial infections. Additionally, nanoparticles' distinct size and physical characteristics enable them to target biofilms and treat resistant pathogens. This review highlights the current advances in nanotechnology to combat MDR and biofilm infection. In addition, it provides insight on development and mechanisms of antibiotic resistance, spread of MDR and XDR infection, and development of nanoparticles and mechanisms of their antibacterial activity. Moreover, this review considers the difference between free antibiotics and nanoantibiotics, and the synergistic effect of nanoantibiotics to combat planktonic bacteria, intracellular bacteria and biofilm. Finally, we will discuss the strength and limitations of the application of nanotechnology against bacterial infection and future perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helal F. Hetta
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut 71515, Egypt
- Correspondence: (H.F.H.); (M.G.D.)
| | - Yasmin N. Ramadan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut 71515, Egypt
| | - Alhanouf I. Al-Harbi
- Department of Medical Laboratory, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, Yanbu 46411, Saudi Arabia
| | - Esraa A. Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut 71515, Egypt
| | - Basem Battah
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Syrian Private University (SPU), Daraa International Highway, 36822 Damascus, Syria
| | - Noura H. Abd Ellah
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut 71515, Egypt
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Assiut, Naser City, Assiut 2014101, Egypt
| | - Stefania Zanetti
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Matthew Gavino Donadu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
- Hospital Pharmacy, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria di Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
- Correspondence: (H.F.H.); (M.G.D.)
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15
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Rafiq K, Islam MR, Siddiky NA, Samad MA, Chowdhury S, Hossain KMM, Rume FI, Hossain MK, Mahbub-E-Elahi A, Ali MZ, Rahman M, Amin MR, Masuduzzaman M, Ahmed S, Ara Rumi N, Hossain MT. Antimicrobial Resistance Profile of Common Foodborne Pathogens Recovered from Livestock and Poultry in Bangladesh. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11. [PMID: 36358208 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11111551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Multidrug-resistant (MDR) foodborne pathogens have created a great challenge to the supply and consumption of safe & healthy animal-source foods. The study was conducted to identify the common foodborne pathogens from animal-source foods & by-products with their antimicrobial drug susceptibility and resistance gene profile. The common foodborne pathogens Escherichia coli (E. coli), Salmonella, Streptococcus, Staphylococcus, and Campylobacter species were identified in livestock and poultry food products. The prevalence of foodborne pathogens was found higher in poultry food & by-product compared with livestock (p < 0.05). The antimicrobial drug susceptibility results revealed decreased susceptibility to penicillin, ampicillin, amoxicillin, levofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, tetracycline, neomycin, streptomycin, and sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim whilst gentamicin was found comparatively more sensitive. Regardless of sources, the overall MDR pattern of E. coli, Salmonella, Staphylococcus, and Streptococcus were found to be 88.33%, 75%, 95%, and 100%, respectively. The genotypic resistance showed a prevalence of blaTEM, blaSHV, blaCMY, tetA, tetB, sul1, aadA1, aac(3)-IV, and ereA resistance genes. The phenotype and genotype resistance patterns of isolated pathogens from livestock and poultry had harmony and good concordance, and sul1 & tetA resistance genes had a higher prevalence. Good agricultural practices along with proper biosecurity may reduce the rampant use of antimicrobial drugs. In addition, proper handling, processing, storage, and transportation of foods may decline the spread of MDR foodborne pathogens in the food chain.
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16
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Palau M, Muñoz E, Lujan E, Larrosa N, Gomis X, Márquez E, Len O, Almirante B, Abellà J, Colominas S, Gavaldà J. In Vitro and In Vivo Antimicrobial Activity of Hypochlorous Acid against Drug-Resistant and Biofilm-Producing Strains. Microbiol Spectr 2022; 10:e0236522. [PMID: 36190404 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.02365-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The aims of this study were as follows. First, we determined the antimicrobial efficacy of hypochlorous acid (HClO) against bacterial, fungal, and yeast strains growing planktonically and growing in biofilms. Second, we sought to compare the activity of the combination of daptomycin and HClO versus those of the antimicrobial agents alone for the treatment of experimental catheter-related Staphylococcus epidermidis infection (CRI) using the antibiotic lock technique (ALT) in a rabbit model. HClO was generated through direct electric current (DC) shots at determined amperages and times. For planktonic susceptibility studies, 1 to 3 DC shots of 2, 5, and 10 mA from 0 to 300 s were applied. A DC shot of 20 mA from 0 to 20 min was applied to biofilm-producing strains. Central venous catheters were inserted into New Zealand White rabbits, inoculated with an S. epidermidis strain, and treated with saline solution or ALT using daptomycin (50 mg/mL), HClO (20 mA for 45 min), or daptomycin plus HClO. One hundred percent of the planktonic bacterial, fungal, and yeast strains were killed by applying one DC shot of 2, 5, and 10 mA, respectively. One DC shot of 20 mA for 20 min was sufficient to eradicate 100% of the tested biofilm-producing strains. Daptomycin plus HClO lock therapy showed the highest activity for experimental CRI with S. epidermidis. HClO could be an effective strategy for treating infections caused by extensively drug-resistant or multidrug-resistant and biofilm-producing strains in medical devices and chronic wounds. The results of the ALT using daptomycin plus HClO may be promising. IMPORTANCE Currently, drug-resistant infections are increasing and there are fewer antibiotics available to treat them. Therefore, there is an urgent need to find new antibiotics and nonantimicrobial strategies to treat these infections. We present a new nonantibiotic strategy based on hypochlorous acid generation to treat long-term catheter-related and chronic wounds infections.
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17
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Kajova M, Khawaja T, Kantele A. European hospitals as source of multidrug-resistant bacteria: analysis of travellers screened in Finland after hospitalization abroad. J Travel Med 2022; 29:6540946. [PMID: 35234907 PMCID: PMC9282090 DOI: 10.1093/jtm/taac022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND As hospitals have a high prevalence of multidrug-resistant organisms (MDRO), hospitalization abroad indicates for travellers an increased risk of acquiring MDRO-and carrying the strains home. Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) rates are highest in the (sub)tropics, whereas Europe is considered a lower risk region. Since AMR prevalences vary within Europe, we aimed to gather country-specific data on the risks for hospitalized travellers. METHODS At hospitals of the Helsinki and Uusimaa district in Finland, patients hospitalized abroad over the past 12 months are systematically screened for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacterales (ESBL-PE), carbapenemase-producing bacteria and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus spp. (VRE). Among patients screened 2010-19, we selected those hospitalized in Europe, recorded their MDRO findings, infections and mortality, and analysed MDRO-associated risk factors. RESULTS Of the 1772 patients treated in 41 European countries, 16.6% (295) carried MDRO, 12.5% (221) ESBL-PE, 7.8% (138) solely ESBL-E. coli, 2.6% (46) MRSA, 2.2% (30) of those screened VRE and 2.2% (39) carbapenem-resistant Gram-negatives. Among those colonized, 9.8% (29) had symptomatic MDRO infections and 0.3% (one) died. Colonization was most frequently recorded for those treated in eastern and southern Europe, with Bulgaria, Cyprus and the Russian Federation scoring highest. MDRO colonization was associated with antibiotic treatment and showed a negative correlation with time from discharge to screening. CONCLUSIONS After hospitalization in European countries, ESBL-PE carriage was relatively common (12.5%), while other MDROs proved less frequent (<5%). Antibiotic treatment and short time since hospitalization abroad increased the risk of MDRO colonization. Clear differences between countries and regions were revealed, with highest rates in the east and the south.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikael Kajova
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Inflammation Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.,Meilahti Infectious Diseases and Vaccine Research Center, MeiVac, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.,Multidisciplinary Center of Excellence in Antimicrobial Resistance Research, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tamim Khawaja
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Inflammation Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.,Meilahti Infectious Diseases and Vaccine Research Center, MeiVac, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.,Multidisciplinary Center of Excellence in Antimicrobial Resistance Research, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Anu Kantele
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Inflammation Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.,Meilahti Infectious Diseases and Vaccine Research Center, MeiVac, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.,Multidisciplinary Center of Excellence in Antimicrobial Resistance Research, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Human Microbiome Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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18
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Sposato A, Cordisco M, de Ruvo G, Ferro S, Raineri RA, Trotta A, Buonavoglia D, Corrente M. Multidrug resistant Enterococcus faecium isolate from cholangitis/cholecystitis in a dog. Vet Med Sci 2022; 8:1366-1372. [PMID: 35560870 PMCID: PMC9297798 DOI: 10.1002/vms3.826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Mucocele and cholecystitis were diagnosed in a 10 year-old Shetland-sheepdog presenting aspecific clinical signs. Blood examinations and ultrasonography investigation were performed before to surgical approach, which allowed to collect biopsies and samples for bacteriological analyses. In addition, the patient was subjected to cholecystectomy. A multidrug resistant Enterococcus faecium was isolated from the gallbladder specimens. On the basis of antimicrobial susceptibility test, nitrofurantoin was used. The correct bacteriological diagnosis is necessary to set up effective therapy, influencing the patient's prognosis and improving the recovery time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessio Sposato
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - Marco Cordisco
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | | | - Silvia Ferro
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science BCA, Legnaro, Padua, Italy
| | | | - Adriana Trotta
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | | | - Marialaura Corrente
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
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19
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Wei H, Song X, Liu P, Liu X, Yan X, Yu L. Antimicrobial coating strategy to prevent orthopaedic device-related infections: recent advances and future perspectives. Biomater Adv 2022; 135:212739. [PMID: 35929213 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2022.212739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The rapid development of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria and biofilm-related infections (BRIs) has urgently called for new strategies to combat severe orthopaedic device-related infections (ODRIs). Antimicrobial coating has emerged as a promising strategy in halting the incidence of ODRIs and treating ODRIs in long term. With the advancement of material science and biotechnology, numerous antimicrobial coatings have been reported in literature, showing superior antimicrobial and osteogenic functions. This review has specifically discussed the currently developed antimicrobial coatings in the perspective of drug release from the coating system, focusing on their realization of controlled and on demand antimicrobial agents release, as well as multi-functionality. Acknowledging the multidisciplinary nature of antimicrobial coating, the conceptual design, the deposition method and the therapeutic effect of the antimicrobial coatings have been described in detail and discussed critically. Particularly, the challenges and opportunities on the way toward the clinical translation of antimicrobial coatings have been highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huichao Wei
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Xinyu Song
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China.
| | - Pengyan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Xiaohu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Xuefeng Yan
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Liangmin Yu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China.
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20
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Wu S, Yang Y, Wang S, Dong C, Zhang X, Zhang R, Yang L. Dextran and peptide-based pH-sensitive hydrogel boosts healing process in multidrug-resistant bacteria-infected wounds. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 278:118994. [PMID: 34973798 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Traumatic multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacterial infections are deadly threat to the public. To combat MDR bacteria, we developed a dual functional pH-sensitive hydrogel based on peptide DP7 (VQWRIRVAVIRK) and oxidized dextran (DP7-ODEX hydrogel). As an antimicrobial peptide, DP7 can synergize with many antibiotics; thus, we loaded ceftazidime into DP7-ODEX hydrogel, which showed an obvious advantage in MDR P. aeruginosa inhibition. Additionally, due to the interaction between aldehyde groups in oxidized dextran and amine groups from wound tissue, the hydrogel could extend on the irregular surface of skin defects and promote epithelial cells adhesion. DP7 could also be used as a wound-healing peptide and accelerate the healing process. We confirmed that the DP7-ODEX hydrogel exerted formidable therapeutic effects in normal or diabetic wound infection model. According to histomorphology analysis we found that DP7 hydrogel also have a scarless wound healing ability. In summary, we developed a hydrogel fabricated by the dual functional peptide DP7 that can kill multidrug-resistant bacteria colonizing the wound bed and boost scarless wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siwen Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Yuling Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Shihan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Chunyan Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Xueyan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Rui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Li Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China.
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21
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Michelini Z, Mazzei C, Magurano F, Baggieri M, Marchi A, Andreotti M, Cara A, Gaudino A, Mazzalupi M, Antonelli F, Sommella L, Angeletti S, Razzano E, Runge A, Petrinca P. UltraViolet SANitizing System for Sterilization of Ambulances Fleets and for Real-Time Monitoring of Their Sterilization Level. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021; 19:331. [PMID: 35010590 PMCID: PMC8750941 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19010331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The contamination of ambulances with pathogenic agents represents a potential threat for the public health, not only for common pathogens but also for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The aim of this project was to exploits the germicidal effect of the UVC radiation at 254 nm to sanitize the patient's compartment of ambulances with an advanced UltraViolet SANitizing System (UV-SAN) and assess its relevance for avoiding the spread of COVID-19 and other drug resistant pathogens. METHODS The system is equipped with UVC lamps that are activated when the ambulance compartment is empty and sanitize the environment in less than 15 min. An Ozone sensor continuously monitors the gas concentration, ensuring it does not exceed threshold value harmful for patients and operators' health. The system is relying on GNSS data and a satellite communication link, which allow to monitor and record traceability (when, where and what) of all the sanitation operations performed. This information is real-time monitored from a dedicated web-application. RESULTS UVC irradiation efficiently reduced SARS-CoV-2 virus titer (>99.99%), on inanimate surfaces such as plastic, stainless steel or rubber, with doses ranging from 5.5 to 24.8 mJ/cm2 and the UV-SAN system is effective against multi drug resistant (MDR) bacteria up to >99.99%, after 10 to 30 min of irradiation. CONCLUSIONS UV-SAN can provide rapid, efficient and sustainable sanitization procedures of ambulances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuleika Michelini
- National Center Global Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy; (C.M.); (M.A.); (A.C.)
| | - Chiara Mazzei
- National Center Global Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy; (C.M.); (M.A.); (A.C.)
| | - Fabio Magurano
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy; (F.M.); (M.B.); (A.M.)
| | - Melissa Baggieri
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy; (F.M.); (M.B.); (A.M.)
| | - Antonella Marchi
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy; (F.M.); (M.B.); (A.M.)
| | - Mauro Andreotti
- National Center Global Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy; (C.M.); (M.A.); (A.C.)
| | - Andrea Cara
- National Center Global Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy; (C.M.); (M.A.); (A.C.)
| | - Alessandro Gaudino
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, 06123 Perugia, Italy;
| | | | | | - Lorenzo Sommella
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, 00128 Rome, Italy; (L.S.); (S.A.)
| | - Silvia Angeletti
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, 00128 Rome, Italy; (L.S.); (S.A.)
| | - Elena Razzano
- European Space Agency—ECSAT, Harwell Campus, Didcot OX11 0FD, UK;
| | - Arnaud Runge
- European Space Agency—ESTEC, 2201 AZ Noordwijk, The Netherlands;
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Halawani EM. Potential effects of Saudi Shaoka ( Fagonia bruguieri) honey against multi-drug-resistant bacteria and cancer cells in comparison to Manuka honey. Saudi J Biol Sci 2021; 28:7379-7389. [PMID: 34867041 PMCID: PMC8626341 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.08.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The global spread of antimicrobial-resistant infectious diseases and cancer are the most widespread public health issue and has led to high mortality rates. This study aims to evaluate and verify the antibacterial and antitumor activities of Shaoka and Manuka honey against pathogenic bacteria, human hepatocarcinoma (HepG2) and breast cancer (MCF-7) cell lines. Shaoka hone was analyzed using HPLC, UV–vis, and GC/MC, while antibacterial activity was measured by agar diffusion, broth microdilution methods, and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). Antitumor activity was investigated morphologically and by MTT assay. According to the presented data of HPLC analysis, Shaoka honey was generally richer in polyphenolic components, the antibacterial activity showed that Shaoka honey is equivalent or relatively more active than Manuka honey against a broad spectrum of multi-drug-resistant bacteria. It inhibited the growth of ESBL Escherichia coli in the absence or presence of catalase enzyme with a concentration approximately 8.5%–7.3% equivalent to phenol, which supported the highest level of non-peroxide-dependent activity. The minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBCs) ranged between 5.0% and 15.0% honey (w/v). TEM observation revealed distorted cell morphology, cytoplasmic shrinkage, and cell wall destruction of treated bacteria. The selected honey exerted cytotoxicity on both cancer cell lines, inhibiting cell proliferation rate and viability percent in HepG2 and MCF-7 cancer cells, by different degrees depending on the honey quality, Shaoka honey competed Manuka inhibitory effects against both cancer cells. The obtained data confirmed the potential for use of Saudi Shaoka honey as a remedy, this well introduces a new honey template as medical-grade honey for treating infectious disease and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman Mohammed Halawani
- Medical Bacteriology, Department of Biology, Collage of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
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23
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Liu R, Miller PA, Miller MJ. Conjugation of Aztreonam, a Synthetic Monocyclic β-Lactam Antibiotic, to a Siderophore Mimetic Significantly Expands Activity Against Gram-Negative Bacteria. ACS Infect Dis 2021; 7:2979-2986. [PMID: 34668698 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.1c00458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Monocyclic β-lactams with antibiotic activity were first synthesized more than 40 years ago. Extensive early structure-activity relationship (SAR) studies, especially in the 1980s, emphasized the need for heteroatom activation of monocyclic β-lactams and led to studies of oxamazins, monobactams, monosulfactams, and monocarbams with various side chains and peripheral substitution that revealed potent activity against select strains of Gram-negative bacteria. Aztreonam, still the only clinically used monobactam, has notable activity against many Gram-negative bacteria but limited activity against some of the most problematic multidrug resistant (MDR) strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii. Herein, we report that extension of the side chain of aztreonam is tolerated and especially that coupling of the side chain free acid with a bis-catechol siderophore mimetic significantly improves activity against the MDR strains of Gram-negative bacteria that are of most significant concern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - Patricia A. Miller
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - Marvin J. Miller
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
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Abstract
Background While 20–80% of regular visitors to (sub)tropical regions become colonised by extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (ESBL-PE), those hospitalised abroad often also carry other multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria on return; the rates are presumed to be highest for interhospital transfers. Aim This observational study assessed MDR bacterial colonisation among patients transferred directly from hospitals abroad to Helsinki University Hospital. We investigated predisposing factors, clinical infections and associated fatalities. Methods Data were derived from screening and from diagnostic samples collected between 2010 and 2019. Risk factors of colonisation were identified by multivariable analysis. Microbiologically verified symptomatic infections and infection-related mortality were recorded during post-transfer hospitalisation. Results Colonisation rates proved highest for transfers from Asia (69/96; 71.9%) and lowest for those within Europe (99/524; 18.9%). Of all 698 patients, 208 (29.8%) were colonised; among those, 163 (78.4%) carried ESBL-PE, 28 (13.5%) MDR Acinetobacter species, 25 (12.0%) meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, 25 (12.0%) vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus, 14 (6.7%) carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae, and 12 (5.8%) MDR Pseudomonas aeruginosa; 46 strains tested carbapenemase gene-positive. In multivariable analysis, geographical region, intensive care unit (ICU) treatment and antibiotic use abroad proved to be risk factors for colonisation. Clinical MDR infections, two of them fatal (1.0%), were recorded for 22 of 208 (10.6%) MDR carriers. Conclusions Colonisation by MDR bacteria was common among patients transferred from foreign hospitals. Region of hospitalisation, ICU treatment and antibiotic use were identified as predisposing factors. Within 30 days after transfer, MDR colonisation manifested as clinical infection in more than 10% of the carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikael Kajova
- Inflammation Center, Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.,Meilahti Infectious Diseases and Vaccine Research Center, MeiVac, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tamim Khawaja
- Inflammation Center, Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.,Meilahti Infectious Diseases and Vaccine Research Center, MeiVac, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jonas Kangas
- Inflammation Center, Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.,Meilahti Infectious Diseases and Vaccine Research Center, MeiVac, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Hilda Mäkinen
- Inflammation Center, Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.,Meilahti Infectious Diseases and Vaccine Research Center, MeiVac, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Anu Kantele
- Inflammation Center, Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.,Human Microbiome Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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25
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Narayanan N, Lin T, Vinarov D, Bucek T, Johnson L, Mathew C, Chaudhry S, Brunetti L. Relationship Between Multidrug-Resistant Enterobacterales and Obesity in Older Adults. Infect Drug Resist 2021; 14:2527-2532. [PMID: 34234480 PMCID: PMC8255648 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s317014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose The objective of our study was to determine if obesity is associated with the presence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria among Enterobacterales. Patients and Methods This two-center cohort study included adult hospitalized patients with at least one specimen sampled from any site for bacterial culture yielding an Enterobacterales bacterial species from November 2016 to May 2017. Study groups were stratified by obesity status based on body mass index <30 kg/m2 (non-obese) and ≥30 kg/m2 (obese). The primary outcome was the presence of gram-negative MDR bacteria defined as presumptive extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacterales (ceftriaxone resistance) or carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE). A multivariable logistic regression model was fit to estimate the adjusted odds ratio while controlling for potential confounders. Results A total of 366 patients, 238 non-obese and 128 obese, were included. The most common gram-negative bacterial species identified was Escherichia coli (64.2%). There was a higher proportion of gram-negative MDR bacteria in obese versus non-obese patients (18.8 versus 11.3%, P=0.057). Obesity was independently associated with gram-negative MDR bacteria after controlling for confounders (adjusted odds ratio, 1.92; 95% CI 1.03–3.60). The association did not significantly vary by diabetes status (interaction term P=0.792). Conclusion Among older adult hospitalized patients, obesity was independently associated with the presence of a gram-negative MDR bacteria (presumptive ESBL or CRE) in a culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navaneeth Narayanan
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Rutgers University, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Piscataway, NJ, USA.,Division of Infectious Diseases, Rutgers University, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Tiffany Lin
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Rutgers University, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - David Vinarov
- Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Thomas Bucek
- Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Liya Johnson
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Rutgers University, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Cheryl Mathew
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Rutgers University, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | | | - Luigi Brunetti
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Rutgers University, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Piscataway, NJ, USA.,Center of Excellence in Pharmaceutical Translational Research and Education, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Piscataway, NJ, USA
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26
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Dao TL, Hoang VT, Magmoun A, Ly TDA, Baron SA, Hadjadj L, Canard N, Drali T, Gouriet F, Raoult D, Parola P, Marty P, Rolain JM, Gautret P. Acquisition of multidrug-resistant bacteria and colistin resistance genes in French medical students on internships abroad. Travel Med Infect Dis 2020; 39:101940. [PMID: 33248262 DOI: 10.1016/j.tmaid.2020.101940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Revised: 10/31/2020] [Accepted: 11/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acquisition of multidrug resistant bacteria (MDR) and colistin resistance genes by international travellers has been demonstrated. Studies conducted in medical students during internships abroad are scant. METHODS Nasopharyngeal, rectal, and vaginal swabs samples were collected from 382 French medical students before and after travel to investigate the acquisition of MDR bacteria. The bacterial diversity in the samples was assessed by culture on selective media. We also genetically characterised the isolates of MDR bacteria including Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (ESBL-E), methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), and Carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriacae (CPE) using the real-time polymerase chain reaction method. The samples were collected from 293 students and were investigated for mcr colistin-resistance genes using RT-PCR directly on the samples, followed by conventional PCR and sequencing. RESULTS A proportion of 29.3% (112/382) of the participants had acquired ESBL-E and 2.6% (10/382) had acquired CPE. The most common species and ESBL-E encoding gene were Escherichia coli (125/127 isolates, 98.4%) and blaCTX-M-A (121/127, 95.3%), respectively. A proportion of 6.8% (20/293) of the participants had acquired mcr-1 genes, followed by mcr-3 (1/293, 0.3%) and mcr-8 (1/293, 0.3%). We found that taking part in humanitarian missions to orphanages (aRR = 2.01, p < 0.0001), being in contact with children during travel (aRR = 1.78, p = 0.006), the primary destination of travel being Vietnam (aRR = 2.15, p < 0.0001) and north India (aRR = 2.41, p = 0.001), using antibiotics during travel (aRR = 1.77, p = 0.01), and studying in 2018 (aRR = 1.55, p = 0.03) were associated with the acquisition of ESBL-E. When the primary destination of travel was Vietnam (aRR = 2.74, p < 0.0001) and the year of study was 2018 (aRR = 1.93, p < 0.002), this was associated with acquisition of colistin resistance genes. CONCLUSION Medical students are at a potential risk of acquiring ESBL-E, CPE and colistin resistance genes. A number of risk factors have been identified, which may be used to develop targeted preventive measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thi Loi Dao
- Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, AP-HM, SSA, VITROME, Marseille, France; IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France; Thai Binh University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Thai Binh, Viet Nam
| | - Van Thuan Hoang
- Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, AP-HM, SSA, VITROME, Marseille, France; IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France; Thai Binh University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Thai Binh, Viet Nam
| | - Amal Magmoun
- Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, AP-HM, SSA, VITROME, Marseille, France; IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
| | - Tran Duc Anh Ly
- Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, AP-HM, SSA, VITROME, Marseille, France; IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
| | - Sophie Alexandra Baron
- IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France; Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, AP-HM, MEPHI, Marseille, France
| | - Linda Hadjadj
- IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France; Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, AP-HM, MEPHI, Marseille, France
| | - Naomie Canard
- Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, AP-HM, SSA, VITROME, Marseille, France; IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
| | - Tassadit Drali
- Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, AP-HM, SSA, VITROME, Marseille, France; IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
| | - Frédérique Gouriet
- IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France; Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, AP-HM, MEPHI, Marseille, France
| | - Didier Raoult
- IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France; Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, AP-HM, MEPHI, Marseille, France
| | - Philippe Parola
- Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, AP-HM, SSA, VITROME, Marseille, France; IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
| | - Pierre Marty
- Université Côte D'Azur, Inserm, C3M, Nice Cedex 3, France; Parasitologie-Mycologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire L'Archet, Nice Cedex 3, France
| | - Jean-Marc Rolain
- IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France; Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, AP-HM, MEPHI, Marseille, France
| | - Philippe Gautret
- Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, AP-HM, SSA, VITROME, Marseille, France; IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France.
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27
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de Carvalho MPN, Fernandes MR, Sellera FP, Lopes R, Monte DF, Hippólito AG, Milanelo L, Raso TF, Lincopan N. International clones of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (CTX-M)-producing Escherichia coli in peri-urban wild animals, Brazil. Transbound Emerg Dis 2020; 67:1804-1815. [PMID: 32239649 PMCID: PMC7540485 DOI: 10.1111/tbed.13558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Revised: 02/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
CTX-M-type extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli clones have been increasingly reported worldwide. In this regard, although discussions of transmission routes of these bacteria are in evidence, molecular data are lacking to elucidate the epidemiological impacts of ESBL producers in wild animals. In this study, we have screened 90 wild animals living in a surrounding area of São Paulo, the largest metropolitan city in South America, to monitor the presence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) Gram-negative bacteria. Using a genomic approach, we have analysed eight ceftriaxone-resistant E. coli. Resistome analyses revealed that all E. coli strains carried blaCTX-M -type genes, prevalent in human infections, besides other clinically relevant resistance genes to aminoglycosides, β-lactams, phenicols, tetracyclines, sulphonamides, trimethoprim, fosfomycin and quinolones. Additionally, E. coli strains belonged to international sequence types (STs) ST38, ST58, ST212, ST744, ST1158 and ST1251, and carried several virulence-associated genes. Our findings suggest spread and adaptation of international clones of CTX-M-producing E. coli beyond urban settings, including wildlife from shared environments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Miriam R. Fernandes
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological AnalysisSchool of Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of Sao PauloSao PauloBrazil
| | - Fábio P. Sellera
- Department of Internal MedicineSchool of Veterinary Medicine and Animal ScienceUniversity of São PauloSão PauloBrazil
| | - Ralf Lopes
- Department of MicrobiologyInstituto de Ciências BiomédicasUniversidade de São PauloSão PauloBrazil
| | - Daniel F. Monte
- Department of Food and Experimental NutritionFaculty of Pharmaceutical SciencesFood Research CenterUniversity of São PauloSão PauloBrazil
| | - Alícia G. Hippólito
- Department of Veterinary Surgery and AnesthesiologySchool of Veterinary Medicine and Animal ScienceUniversidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)BotucatuBrazil
| | - Liliane Milanelo
- Reception Center for WildlifeEcological Park TietêSão PauloBrazil
| | - Tânia F. Raso
- Department of PathologySchool of Veterinary Medicine and Animal ScienceUniversity of São PauloSão PauloBrazil
| | - Nilton Lincopan
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological AnalysisSchool of Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of Sao PauloSao PauloBrazil
- Department of MicrobiologyInstituto de Ciências BiomédicasUniversidade de São PauloSão PauloBrazil
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Safaei M, Taran M, Jamshidy L, Imani MM, Mozaffari HR, Sharifi R, Golshah A, Moradpoor H. Optimum synthesis of polyhydroxybutyrate-Co 3O 4 bionanocomposite with the highest antibacterial activity against multidrug resistant bacteria. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 158:477-485. [PMID: 32278598 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2019] [Revised: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Increased multidrug resistant (MDR) bacteria are considered one of the most challenging problems of the present century. The present study aimed to identify the optimum conditions for synthesis of Polyhydroxybutyrate-Co3O4 bionanocomposite with the highest antibacterial activity via in situ synthesis. Nine experiments with different amounts of polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) biopolymer and Co3O4 nanoparticles and different stirring times were designed using Taguchi method. The antibacterial activity of synthesized nanocomposites against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli was evaluated using colony forming units (CFU) and disc diffusion methods. The characterizations of products were studied by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-vis), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential thermal analysis (DTA). The synthesized bionanocomposites completely prevented the growth of bacteria under the conditions of experiments 5 (Co3O4 4 mg/ml, PHB 1 mg/ml and stirring time: 90 min) and 9 (Co3O4 8 mg/ml, PHB 2 mg/ml and stirring time: 60 min). The results showed that nanocomposite formation improved structural properties, thermal stability and antibacterial activity. PHB-Co3O4 bionanocomposite can be used in various fields of pharmacy, medicine and dentistry due to its desirable antibacterial properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Safaei
- Advanced Dental Sciences Research Laboratory, School of Dentistry, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
| | - Mojtaba Taran
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, Faculty of Science, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Ladan Jamshidy
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mohammad Moslem Imani
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
| | - Hamid Reza Mozaffari
- Advanced Dental Sciences Research Laboratory, School of Dentistry, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Medicine, School of Dentistry, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Roohollah Sharifi
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Amin Golshah
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Hedaiat Moradpoor
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
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29
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Chen M, Long Z, Dong R, Wang L, Zhang J, Li S, Zhao X, Hou X, Shao H, Jiang X. Titanium Incorporation into Zr-Porphyrinic Metal-Organic Frameworks with Enhanced Antibacterial Activity against Multidrug-Resistant Pathogens. Small 2020; 16:e1906240. [PMID: 31967726 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201906240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Revised: 12/08/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This study uses metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) alone without any added antibacterial ingredients as the nonantibiotic agent for photodynamic therapy (PDT) of chronic wounds infected by multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria. Nanoparticles (NPs) of MOFs (PCN-224) are incorporated with titanium through a facile cation exchange strategy. The obtained bimetallic PCN-224(Zr/Ti) shows greatly enhanced photocatalytic performance for the generation of reactive oxygen species under visible light, which is responsible for the effective antibacterial activities. The PCN-224(Zr/Ti) NPs are loaded onto lactic-co-glycolic acid nanofibers to prepare a wound dressing, which shows high biocompatibility and minimal cytotoxicity. The wound dressing is efficient for PDT-based in vivo healing of the chronic wound infected by MDR bacteria. Most importantly, this work does not involve any additional antibacterial agents, which is facile, low cost, and in particular, greatly explores the potential of MOFs as a powerful nonantibiotic agent in PDT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mian Chen
- Natural Products Research Center, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, P. R. China
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, No. 1088 Xueyuan Rd, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 A Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Zhou Long
- Analytical & Testing Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610064, P. R. China
| | - Ruihua Dong
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, No. 1088 Xueyuan Rd, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, P. R. China
| | - Le Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, No. 1088 Xueyuan Rd, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, P. R. China
| | - Jiangjiang Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, No. 1088 Xueyuan Rd, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, P. R. China
| | - Sixiang Li
- Beijing Engineering Research Center for BioNanotechnology and CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for NanoScience and Technology, No. 11 Zhongguancun Beiyitiao, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Xiaohui Zhao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, No. 1088 Xueyuan Rd, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, P. R. China
| | - Xiandeng Hou
- Analytical & Testing Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610064, P. R. China
| | - Huawu Shao
- Natural Products Research Center, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, P. R. China
| | - Xingyu Jiang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, No. 1088 Xueyuan Rd, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 A Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
- Beijing Engineering Research Center for BioNanotechnology and CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for NanoScience and Technology, No. 11 Zhongguancun Beiyitiao, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
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Fernandes MR, Sellera FP, Moura Q, Esposito F, Sabino CP, Lincopan N. Identification and genomic features of halotolerant extended-spectrum-β-lactamase (CTX-M)-producing Escherichia coli in urban-impacted coastal waters, Southeast Brazil. Mar Pollut Bull 2020; 150:110689. [PMID: 31733900 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2019.110689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2019] [Revised: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We report the occurrence and genomic analysis of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (CTX-M)-producing Escherichia coli in anthropogenically polluted coastal waters of Southeast Brazil. E. coli strains belonging to sequence types (STs) ST10, ST38, ST155 and ST1284 exhibited a wide resistome, with genes conferring resistance to medically relevant antimicrobials and heavy metals, and a halophilic behavior (tolerance to 9-10% NaCl). These findings suggest a heavy contamination in this area by critical priority bacteria adapted to marine environments, which might have negative impacts on human and ocean health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam R Fernandes
- Department of Clinical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fábio P Sellera
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Quézia Moura
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Esposito
- Department of Clinical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Caetano P Sabino
- Department of Clinical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Nilton Lincopan
- Department of Clinical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Alavi M, Karimi N. Ultrasound assisted-phytofabricated Fe 3O 4 NPs with antioxidant properties and antibacterial effects on growth, biofilm formation, and spreading ability of multidrug resistant bacteria. Artif Cells Nanomed Biotechnol 2019; 47:2405-2423. [PMID: 31187647 DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2019.1624560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Complicated issue in infectious illnesses therapy is increasing of multidrug resistant (MDR) bacteria and biofilms in bacterial infections. In this way, emerging of nanotechnology as a new weapon specifically in the cases of metal nanoparticle (MNPs) synthesis and MNPs surface modification has obtained more attention. In this study, ultrasound-assisted green synthesis method was utilized for the preparation of Fe3O4 NPs with novel shape (dendrimer) through leaf aqueous extract of Artemisia haussknechtii Boiss. Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopic (AFM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques were applied for MNPs physicochemical characterization. Also, disc diffusion assay, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC), planktonic and biofilm morphology of three pathogenic bacteria involving Serratia marcescens ATCC 13880, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) were evaluated upon treatment of Fe3O4 NPs as antiplanktonic and antibiofilm analysis. Results showed efficient antiplanktonic and antibiofilm activities of biosynthesized Fe3O4 NPs with average diameter size of 83.4 nm. Reduction in biofilm formation of S. aureus ATCC under Fe3O4 NPs stress was significant (66%) in higher MNPs concentration (100 μg/mL). In addition, as first report, spreading ability of S. aureus as important factor in colony expansion on culture medium was reduced by increasing of Fe3O4 NPs. Present study demonstrates striking antiplanktonic, antibiofilm, antispreading mobility and antioxidant aspects of one-pot biosynthesized Fe3O4 NPs with novel shape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehran Alavi
- a Department of Nanobiotechnology, Faculty of Science, Razi University , Kermanshah , Iran
| | - Naser Karimi
- a Department of Nanobiotechnology, Faculty of Science, Razi University , Kermanshah , Iran.,b Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Razi University , Kermanshah , Iran
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Nørgaard SM, Jensen CS, Aalestrup J, Vandenbroucke-Grauls CMJE, de Boer MGJ, Pedersen AB. Choice of therapeutic interventions and outcomes for the treatment of infections caused by multidrug-resistant gram-negative pathogens: a systematic review. Antimicrob Resist Infect Control 2019; 8:170. [PMID: 31709047 PMCID: PMC6830003 DOI: 10.1186/s13756-019-0624-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Antimicrobial resistance is an increasingly serious threat to public health, and the increased occurrence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria is a concern in both high-income and low- and middle-income countries. The purpose of this systematic review was to identify and critically appraise current antimicrobial treatment options for infections with MDR Gram-negative bacteria. Methods A literature search for treatment of MDR extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacteriaceae, A. baumannii, and P. aeruginosa was conducted in MEDLINE in January 2019. Relevant studies published in English, German, and French that evaluated clinical success, microbiological success, and 30-day mortality outcomes were included. The population of interest was adult patients. Results Of 672 studies, 43 met the inclusion criteria. Carbapenems are the most common antibiotics used for the treatment of ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae. The clinical and microbiological success was similar for group 1 carbapenems (imipenem, meropenem, or doripenem), group 2 carbapenems (ertapenem), and non-carbapenem antibiotics. Mortality data were contradictory for group 1 carbapenems compared to group 2 carbapenems. The most common treatment option for A. baumannii and P. aeruginosa infections was intravenous colistin, regardless of infection site. Clinical success and mortality were similar in A. baumannii infections treated with colistin combination therapy vs. colistin monotherapy, whereas heterogeneous results were found with respect to microbiological success. Monotherapy and colistin combination therapy were used against P. aeruginosa with clinical and microbiological success (70–100%) depending on the infection site and severity, and the antibiotic used. Ceftazidime-avibactam therapy for ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae and P. aeruginosa showed good clinical success in one study. Conclusion We did not find robust evidence for antibiotic treatment of any infection with MDR Gram-negative bacteria, including ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae, A. baumannii, and P. aeruginosa, that would lead to a firm recommendation for one specific antibiotic over another or for monotherapy over combination therapy. The choice of antibiotic treatment should be based on susceptibility testing balancing the expected clinical success rate against the risk of development of antibiotic resistance and the risk of severe side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Melissa Nørgaard
- 1Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Olof Palmes Allé 43-45, 8200 Aarhus, N Denmark
| | - Camilla Skaarup Jensen
- 1Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Olof Palmes Allé 43-45, 8200 Aarhus, N Denmark
| | - Josefine Aalestrup
- 1Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Olof Palmes Allé 43-45, 8200 Aarhus, N Denmark
| | - Christina M J E Vandenbroucke-Grauls
- 3Medical Microbiology and Infection Control, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Vrije Universiteit, De Boelelaan 1117 Amsterdam, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Mark G J de Boer
- 2Department of Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Alma Becic Pedersen
- 1Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Olof Palmes Allé 43-45, 8200 Aarhus, N Denmark
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Melo RS, Albuquerque Azevedo ÁM, Gomes Pereira AM, Rocha RR, Bastos Cavalcante RM, Carneiro Matos MN, Ribeiro Lopes PH, Gomes GA, Soares Rodrigues TH, Santos HSD, Ponte IL, Costa RA, Brito GS, Catunda Júnior FEA, Carneiro VA. Chemical Composition and Antimicrobial Effectiveness of Ocimum gratissimum L. Essential Oil Against Multidrug-Resistant Isolates of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Molecules 2019; 24:E3864. [PMID: 31717766 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24213864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Revised: 10/20/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The study investigated the antimicrobial activity of the essential oil extract of Ocimum gratissimum L. (EOOG) against multiresistant microorganisms in planktonic and biofilm form. Hydrodistillation was used to obtain the EOOG, and the analysis of chemical composition was done by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC/MS) and flame ionization detection (GC/FID). EOOG biological activity was verified against isolates of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, using four strains for each species. The antibacterial action of EOOG was determined by disk diffusion, microdilution (MIC/MBC), growth curve under sub-MIC exposure, and the combinatorial activity with ciprofloxacin (CIP) and oxacillin (OXA) were determined by checkerboard assay. The EOOG antibiofilm action was performed against the established biofilm and analyzed by crystal violet, colony-forming unit count, and SEM analyses. EOOG yielded 1.66% w/w, with eugenol as the major component (74.83%). The MIC was 1000 µg/mL for the most tested strains. The growth curve showed a lag phase delay for both species, mainly S. aureus, and reduced the growth level of E. coli by half. The combination of EOOG with OXA and CIP led to an additive action for S. aureus. A significant reduction in biofilm biomass and cell viability was verified for S. aureus and E. coli. In conclusion, EOOG has relevant potential as a natural alternative to treat infections caused by multiresistant strains.
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Nath K, Talukdar AD, Bhattacharya MK, Bhowmik D, Chetri S, Choudhury D, Mitra A, Choudhury NA. Cyathea gigantea (Cyatheaceae) as an antimicrobial agent against multidrug resistant organisms. Altern Ther Health Med 2019; 19:279. [PMID: 31640666 PMCID: PMC6805519 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-019-2696-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rapid emergence of multidrug resistant (MDR) organisms in hospital and community settings often result into treatment failure, thus leading the clinicians with fewer treatment options. Cyathea gigantea, an ethnomedicinally important fern used in cuts and wound infections. So, if this medicinal plant is used in treating the MDR infections then it might bring certain relief in future treatment options. METHODS Antibacterial activity of C. gigantea against MDR bacteria was assed using well diffusion and broth microdilution methods to determine the diameters of growth inhibition zones, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC). Synergistic activity was also determined with the conventional antibiotics by disc diffusion method followed by FIC index of each of the tested antibiotic was calculated. The active extract was then subjected to fractionation by column chromatography and antibacterial activity was done with each of the collected fractions. RESULTS Crude extract of C. gigantea was found to be active against all the tested organisms. The MIC was 200 μg/ml against Gram-positive i.e., Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 and 400 μg/ml against Gram-negative i.e., Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1, while the MBC was 400 μg/ml in case of Gram-positive and 800 μg/ml for Gram-negative. The synergistic activity revealed that the plant extract increased the antibacterial property of the studied antibiotics and the FIC index showed that significant synergistic activity was shown by ciprofloxacin followed by tetracycline, ampicillin and oxacillin. Antibacterial activity with the fractionated extract showed that the FR II, FR III and FR IV were active against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, whereas FR I, FR V and FR VI did not show antibacterial property against any of the tested bacteria. CONCLUSIONS Extracts of C. gigantea was found active against both selected Gram-positive and Gram-negative organisms and thus offers the scientific basis for the traditional use of the fern. The present study also provides the basis for future study to validate the possible use against multidrug resistant organisms.
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Cheraiet Z, Meliani S, Nessaib M, Hessainia S, Boukhari A, Djahoudi A, Regainia Z. Scalable synthesis and antibacterial evaluation of 2-(3-(N-(substituted phenyl)sulfamoyl)ureido)benzothiazoles. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2019; 352:e1800341. [PMID: 31245880 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.201800341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2018] [Revised: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 05/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
A new series of 2-(3-(N-(substituted phenyl)sulfamoyl)ureido)benzothiazoles was synthesized via a one-pot efficient and scalable method, involving the condensation of 2-aminobenzothiazoles derivatives, substituted anilines, and chlorosulfonyl isocyanate. The products were obtained in good yield with a simple workup, and their structures were confirmed from their spectral analyses. The synthesized compounds were further screened for their antibacterial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogenic strains. The molecules show promising activity in the MIC value range of 2-0.25 µg/ml against selected bacterial strains, especially against nonfermentative carbapenem-resistant bacteria (Pseudo VIM-2 and Acinetobacter baumanni).
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Affiliation(s)
- Zinelaabidine Cheraiet
- Ecole Supérieure de Technologies Industrielles, Cité Saf-saf, Annaba, Algérie.,Laboratoire de Synthèse Organique, Modélisation et Optimisation des Procédés chimiques, Faculté des Sciences, Université Badji Mokhtar d'Annaba, Annaba, Algérie
| | - Saida Meliani
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Badji Mokhtar, Annaba, Algérie
| | - Mounir Nessaib
- Ecole Supérieure de Technologies Industrielles, Cité Saf-saf, Annaba, Algérie
| | - Sihem Hessainia
- Laboratoire de Synthèse Organique, Modélisation et Optimisation des Procédés chimiques, Faculté des Sciences, Université Badji Mokhtar d'Annaba, Annaba, Algérie
| | - Abbas Boukhari
- Laboratoire de Synthèse Organique, Modélisation et Optimisation des Procédés chimiques, Faculté des Sciences, Université Badji Mokhtar d'Annaba, Annaba, Algérie
| | - Abdelghani Djahoudi
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Badji Mokhtar, Annaba, Algérie
| | - Zine Regainia
- Département des Sciences de la Matière, Faculté des Sciences et de la Technologie, Université de Souk Ahras, Souk Ahras, Algérie
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Krishnamurthy M, Lemmon MM, Falcinelli EM, Sandy RA, Dootz JN, Mott TM, Rajamani S, Schaecher KE, Duplantier AJ, Panchal RG. Enhancing the antibacterial activity of polymyxins using a nonantibiotic drug. Infect Drug Resist 2019; 12:1393-1405. [PMID: 31239720 PMCID: PMC6555264 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s196874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Accepted: 02/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: The rapid emergence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria and the lack of new therapies to eliminate them poses a major threat to global health. With the alarming rise in antimicrobial resistance (AMR), focus has now shifted to the use of the polymyxin class of antibiotics as the last line of defense for treatment of Gram-negative infections. Unfortunately, the growing resistance of bacteria against polymyxins is threatening the treatment of MDR infections, necessitating the need for novel strategies. The objective of this study was to determine if combination of polymyxin (polymyxin B or colistin) with a nonantibiotic small molecule AR-12, a celecoxib derivative that is devoid of cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) inhibitory activities, can be an effective strategy against polymyxin-resistant MDR bacteria. Methods: Growth inhibition studies, time-kill assays and permeability assays were conducted to investigate the effect of AR-12 on the antibacterial activity of polymyxins. Results: Growth studies were performed on a panel of polymyxin-resistant MDR strains using the combination of AR-12 with either colistin or polymyxin B. The combination treatment had no effect on strains that have inherent polymyxin resistance; however, AR-12 was effective in lowering the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of polymyxins by 4–60-fold in several strains that had acquired polymyxin resistance. Time-kill assays using the combination of AR-12 and colistin with select MDR strains suggest rapid killing and bactericidal activity, while the permeability assays using fluorescently labeled dansylated polymyxin and 1-N-phenylnaphthylamine (NPN) in these MDR strains suggest that AR-12 can potentiate the antibacterial activity of polymyxins by possibly altering the bacterial outer membrane via modification of lipopolysaccharide and thereby improving the uptake of polymyxins. Conclusion: Our studies indicate that the combination of AR-12 and polymyxin is effective in targeting select Gram-negative bacteria that have acquired polymyxin resistance. Further understanding of the mechanism of action of AR-12 will provide new avenues for developing narrow-spectrum antibacterials to target select Gram-negative MDR bacteria. Importantly, our studies show that the use of nonantibiotic small molecules in combination with polymyxins is an attractive strategy to counter the growing resistance of bacteria to polymyxins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malathy Krishnamurthy
- Department of Target Discovery and Experimental Microbiology, Division of Molecular and Translational Sciences, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Margaret M Lemmon
- Department of Target Discovery and Experimental Microbiology, Division of Molecular and Translational Sciences, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Evan M Falcinelli
- Department of Target Discovery and Experimental Microbiology, Division of Molecular and Translational Sciences, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Reuel A Sandy
- Department of Target Discovery and Experimental Microbiology, Division of Molecular and Translational Sciences, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Jennifer N Dootz
- Department of Target Discovery and Experimental Microbiology, Division of Molecular and Translational Sciences, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Tiffany M Mott
- Department of Target Discovery and Experimental Microbiology, Division of Molecular and Translational Sciences, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Sathish Rajamani
- Department of Target Discovery and Experimental Microbiology, Division of Molecular and Translational Sciences, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Frederick, MD, USA.,General Dynamics Information Technology, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Kurt E Schaecher
- Department of Pathology, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Allen J Duplantier
- Department of Target Discovery and Experimental Microbiology, Division of Molecular and Translational Sciences, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Frederick, MD, USA.,Cherokee Nation Assurance, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Rekha G Panchal
- Department of Target Discovery and Experimental Microbiology, Division of Molecular and Translational Sciences, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Frederick, MD, USA
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Silva MM, Sellera FP, Fernandes MR, Moura Q, Garino F, Azevedo SS, Lincopan N. Genomic features of a highly virulent, ceftiofur-resistant, CTX-M-8-producing Escherichia coli ST224 causing fatal infection in a domestic cat. J Glob Antimicrob Resist 2018; 15:252-253. [PMID: 30404045 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgar.2018.10.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Revised: 10/25/2018] [Accepted: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Escherichia coli strains producing extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs), especially CTX-M-type, have been largely described in companion animals; however, genomic data are lacking to clarify the clinical impact of ESBL-producing isolates in these hosts. The aim of this study was to present the genomic features of a highly virulent, ceftiofur-resistant, CTX-M-8-producing E. coli isolate from a case of pneumonia in a domestic cat with fatal outcome. METHODS Genomic DNA was sequenced using an Illumina NextSeq 500 platform and was assembled using CLC Genomic Workbench. Genomic data were analysed using online bioinformatics tools. RESULTS The genome size was evaluated at 5.1Mb, with 5334 protein-coding sequences. The strain was assigned to sequence type 224 (ST224) and presented genes conferring resistance to β-lactams (blaCTX-M-8), sulphonamides (sul2), tetracycline (tetA) and trimethoprim (dfrA14) as well as chromosomal point mutations in ParC (S80I), GyrA (S83L) and GyrB (D87N). In addition, the presence of the virulence genes cba, gad, ipfA, iroN, iss, mchF and tsh was detected. CONCLUSION This draft genome sequence might provide important data for a better understanding of genomic aspects regarding the dissemination of CTX-M-8-producing E. coli in the human-animal-environment interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meire M Silva
- Academic Veterinary Medicine Unit, Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Patos, Paraíba, Brazil
| | - Fábio P Sellera
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Miriam R Fernandes
- Department of Clinical Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Quézia Moura
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Felício Garino
- Academic Veterinary Medicine Unit, Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Patos, Paraíba, Brazil
| | - Sérgio S Azevedo
- Academic Veterinary Medicine Unit, Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Patos, Paraíba, Brazil
| | - Nilton Lincopan
- Department of Clinical Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Pires J, Kraemer JG, Kuenzli E, Kasraian S, Tinguely R, Hatz C, Endimiani A, Hilty M. Gut microbiota dynamics in travelers returning from India colonized with extended-spectrum cephalosporin-resistant Enterobacteriaceae: A longitudinal study. Travel Med Infect Dis 2018; 27:72-80. [PMID: 30339827 DOI: 10.1016/j.tmaid.2018.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Revised: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 10/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intestinal colonization by extended-spectrum cephalosporin-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (ESC-R-Ent) has been attributed to travel to high prevalence countries. However, the dynamics of the microbiota changes during ESC-R-Ent colonization and whether there is a particular bacterial composition which is associated with subsequent colonization is unknown. METHODS Forty healthy volunteers living in Switzerland underwent screening before and after a trip to India, and also 3, 6 and 12 months after traveling. Culture-based ESC-R-Ent screening and microbiota analysis based on 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing were performed at all time points. RESULTS Prevalence of ESC-R-Ent colonization before traveling was 10% (n = 4), whereas it increased to 76% (n = 31) after the trip. Based on bacterial diversity analyses of the gut microbiota, there were few but significant differences for colonized versus non-colonized individuals. However, an alternative, cluster based analysis revealed that individuals remained in the same cluster over time indicating that neither traveling nor ESC-R-Ent colonization significantly influences bacterial composition. Moreover, none of the found microbiota clusters were significantly associated with subsequent risk of ESC-R-Ent colonization. CONCLUSION Based on their microbiota patterns, every volunteer was at the same risk of ESC-R-Ent colonization while traveling to India. Therefore, other risk factors for ESC-R-Ent colonization are responsible for this phenomenon.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Pires
- Institute for Infectious Diseases, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; Graduate School of Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Julia G Kraemer
- Institute for Infectious Diseases, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; Institute for Work and Health (IST), University of Lausanne and University of Geneva, Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Esther Kuenzli
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland; Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sara Kasraian
- Institute for Infectious Diseases, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Regula Tinguely
- Institute for Infectious Diseases, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Christoph Hatz
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland; Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Andrea Endimiani
- Institute for Infectious Diseases, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Markus Hilty
- Institute for Infectious Diseases, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
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Freire MP, Pierrotti LC, Zerati AE, Benites L, da Motta-Leal Filho JM, Ibrahim KY, Araujo PH, Abdala E. Role of Lock Therapy for Long-Term Catheter-Related Infections by Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2018; 62:e00569-18. [PMID: 29987150 DOI: 10.1128/AAC.00569-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2018] [Accepted: 06/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The management of long-term central venous catheter (LTCVC) infections by multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria in cancer patient is a challenge. The objectives of this study were to analyze outcomes in cancer patients with LTCVC-associated infection, identify risks for unfavorable outcomes, and determine the impact of MDR bacteria and antibiotic lock therapy (ALT) in managing such infections. We evaluated all LTCVC-associated infections treated between January 2009 and December 2016. Infections were reported in accordance with international guidelines for catheter-related infections. The outcome measures were 30-day mortality and treatment failure. We analyzed risk factors by Cox forward-stepwise regression. We identified 296 LTCVC-associated infections; 212 (71.6%) were classified as bloodstream infections (BSIs). The most common agent was Staphylococcus aureus Forty-six (21.7%) infections were due to MDR Gram-negative bacteria. ALT was used in 62 (29.2%) patients, with a 75.9% success rate. Risk factors identified for failure of the initial treatment were having a high sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) score at diagnosis of infection and being in palliative care; introduction of ALT at the start of treatment was identified as a protective factor. Risk factors identified for 30-day mortality after LTCVC-associated infection were a high SOFA score at diagnosis, infection with MDR bacteria, and palliative care; introduction of ALT at the start of treatment, hematological malignancies, and adherence to an institutional protocol for the management of LTCVC-associated infection were identified as protective factors. Despite the high incidence of infection with MDR bacteria, ALT improves the outcome of LTCVC-associated infection in cancer patients.
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Mirzaei B, Etemadian S, Goli HR, Bahonar S, Gholami SA, Karami P, Farhadi M, Tavakoli R. Construction and analysis of alginate-based honey hydrogel as an ointment to heal of rat burn wound related infections. Int J Burns Trauma 2018; 8:88-97. [PMID: 30245913 PMCID: PMC6146165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2018] [Accepted: 08/12/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Developing a strategy for making the alginate base hydrogel components against burned wound infections could be promising for healing the mentioned wounds followed by elimination of the biofilm forming bacteria colonization. Construction of an alginate based hydrogel and evaluating healing activities of the mentioned component as local ointment were the main objectives of the current study. Following the collection of the honey from three different provinces of Iran, the components and structures of the collected materials were analyzed taking advantage of INSO-92 procedure subsequently, antibacterial effect of diluted three different kinds of honey against wild-type bacterial species got evaluated via agar well diffusion method. An alginate base hydrogel was prepared by the use of calcium chloride as a linker between the alginate and honey functional groups. Then, component was structurally analyzed by Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Afterward, under in vivo conditions, the healing activities of prepared ointment were studied in infected burned rat models. According to the antibacterial effect of the honeys, 75% diluted thymol based honeys collected from Damavand province were the most efficient ones. Furthermore, it was the healing activity of mentioned ointment was proven in vivo studies. The difference between 1600-1800 wave numbers in constructed alginate-based hydrogel alginate and honey because of C = O bond variations structurally confirmed proper construction of hydrogel. The hydrogel was the better healing activity in rats burned wound too. In conclusion the promising efficiency of alginate-based hydrogel in an elimination of bacterial infections was confirmed as the main aim of the current survey.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahman Mirzaei
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical SciencesSari, Iran
- The Health of Plant and Livestock Products Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical SciencesSari, Iran
| | - Somayeh Etemadian
- Department of Medical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering Maziar UniversityNoor, Iran
| | - Hamid Reza Goli
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical SciencesSari, Iran
| | - Sara Bahonar
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical SciencesSari, Iran
| | - Sanaz Amir Gholami
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical SciencesSari, Iran
| | - Parisima Karami
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical SciencesSari, Iran
| | - Mojgan Farhadi
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical SciencesSari, Iran
| | - Rahmatollah Tavakoli
- Department of Medical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering Maziar UniversityNoor, Iran
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Abstract
Context: Possible linkage between biocide and antibiotic resistance in bacteria is a major area of concern. Aim: To evaluate the susceptibility of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria to four commonly used biocides. Settings and Design: A pilot study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital from April to November 2017. Materials and Methods: Fifty-four MDR bacterial isolates, namely Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Staphylococcus aureus, were obtained from various clinical samples of inpatients. These isolates were subjected to tube dilution method for determining minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of four commonly used biocides in our hospital, namely 5% w/v povidone iodine, absolute ethanol (99.9%), sodium hypochlorite (4% available chlorine), and quaternary ammonium compounds (QACs) (3.39%). Minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of these biocides was determined as per standard guidelines. Similar tests were also performed on corresponding American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) bacterial strains. Statistical Analysis: The Fisher exact test. Results: Twenty-two MDR bacterial isolates had higher MIC values for QACs than their corresponding ATCC strains. Statistically significant difference in proportion of test isolates exhibiting higher MIC values for QACs and absolute ethanol was observed (P-value = 0.02). Twenty-four MDR bacterial isolates exhibited higher MBC values for sodium hypochlorite than their corresponding ATCC strains. The difference in proportion of test isolates exhibiting higher MBC values for sodium hypochlorite and absolute ethanol, respectively, was statistically significant (P-value <0.0001). The difference in proportion of test isolates exhibiting higher MBC values for absolute ethanol versus QACs and povidone iodine, respectively, was statistically significant (P-values = 0.0003 and 0.0076). Statistically significant differences in susceptibility to biocides among test isolates were also observed. Conclusion: Emergence of biocide resistance among MDR bacteria poses a serious threat to our efforts in containing outbreaks of nosocomial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Gupta
- Department of Microbiology, Subharti Medical College, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Mohit Bhatia
- Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Pratima Gupta
- Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Balram J Omar
- Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India
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Parajuli NP, Acharya SP, Mishra SK, Parajuli K, Rijal BP, Pokhrel BM. High burden of antimicrobial resistance among gram negative bacteria causing healthcare associated infections in a critical care unit of Nepal. Antimicrob Resist Infect Control 2017. [PMID: 28638594 PMCID: PMC5472869 DOI: 10.1186/s13756-017-0222-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Healthcare associated infections (HCAI) and antimicrobial resistance are principal threats to the patients of intensive care units and are the major determining factors for patient outcome. They are associated with increased morbidity, mortality, excess hospitalization and financial costs. The present study is an attempt to investigate the spectrum and antimicrobial resistance of bacterial isolates involved in healthcare associated infections (HCAI) in the patients of a critical care unit at a tertiary care university hospital in Kathmandu, Nepal. Methods A laboratory based study was conducted over the period of 15 months (January 2014 to March 2015) among the patients of intensive care unit of Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal. Clinical specimens from patients with suspected healthcare-associated infection were processed and bacterial isolates were identified with standard microbiological methods. Antimicrobial susceptibilities of the isolated strains were determined according to the CLSI guidelines and β-lactamases (ESBL, AmpC, MBL and KPC) were detected by various phenotypic tests. Results One hundred and forty nine clinical specimens received from 135 patients suspected of HCAI (out of 491 patients) were found with significant bacterial growth. Specimens were from patients suspected of hospital-acquired pneumonia (16%, 79/491), bloodstream infections (5.7%, 28/491), surgical site infections (4.7%, 23/491), and urinary tract infections (3.9%, 19/491). Acinetobacter spp., Klebsiella spp., Escherichia coli and Burkholderia cepacia were the leading bacterial pathogens. Extremely high level of drug resistance (95.8%) along with the production of β-lactamases (ESBL; 43.7%, AmpC; 27.5%), MBL; 50.2% and KPC; 4.2%) was observed among Gram negative bacterial isolates. Conclusion Healthcare associated infections are very common in our ICU. Gram negative bacterial pathogens are major culprits associated with these infections and there is alarming state of drug resistance among these isolates. Continuous surveillance and establishment of preventive and control measures of healthcare associated infections are urgently needed in our setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narayan Prasad Parajuli
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Institute of Medicine, Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Manmohan Memorial Institute of Health Sciences, Khola Pravesh Marg, Soalteemode, P.O. Box No. 15201, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Subhash Prasad Acharya
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Institute of Medicine, Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Shyam Kumar Mishra
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Institute of Medicine, Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Keshab Parajuli
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Institute of Medicine, Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Basista Prasad Rijal
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Institute of Medicine, Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Bharat Mani Pokhrel
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Institute of Medicine, Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik A Feldmann
- a Department of Molecular and Structural Biochemistry; North Carolina State University ; Raleigh , NC , USA
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Gustinetti G, Mikulska M. Bloodstream infections in neutropenic cancer patients: A practical update. Virulence 2016; 7:280-97. [PMID: 27002635 PMCID: PMC4871679 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2016.1156821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2015] [Revised: 02/11/2016] [Accepted: 02/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Bloodstream infections (BSI) are among the most frequent complications in neutropenic cancer patients and, if caused by Gram-negative rods, are associated with high mortality. Thus, fever during neutropenia warrants prompt empirical antibiotic therapy which should be active against the most frequent Gram-negatives. In the last decade, there has been a worldwide increase in multidrug resistant (MDR) strains. In these cases, the traditional choices such as oral therapy, ceftazidime, cefepime, piperacillin-tazobactam, or even carbapenems, might be ineffective. Therefore novel de-escalation approach has been proposed for patients who are at high risk for infections due to MDR bacteria. It consists of starting antibiotics which cover the most probable resistant strain but it is narrowed down after 72 hours if no MDR pathogen is isolated. With increasing bacterial resistance, the benefit of fluoroquinolone prophylaxis during prolonged neutropenia remains to be confirmed. Antibiotic stewardship and infection control programs are mandatory in every cancer center.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Gustinetti
- Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Genova (DISSAL) and IRCCS San Martino-IST, Genova, Italy
| | - Malgorzata Mikulska
- Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Genova (DISSAL) and IRCCS San Martino-IST, Genova, Italy
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Mishra MP, Debata NK, Padhy RN. Surveillance of multidrug resistant uropathogenic bacteria in hospitalized patients in Indian. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed 2015; 3:315-24. [PMID: 23620859 DOI: 10.1016/s2221-1691(13)60071-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2012] [Accepted: 01/12/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To record surveillance, antibiotic resistance of uropathogens of hospitalized patients over a period of 18 months. METHODS Urine samples from wards and cabins were used for isolating urinary tract infection (UTI)-causing bacteria that were cultured on suitable selective media and identified by biochemical tests; and their antibiograms were ascertained by Kirby-Bauer's disc diffusion method, in each 6-month interval of the study period, using 18 antibiotics of five different classes. RESULTS From wards and cabins, 1 245 samples were collected, from which 996 strains of bacteria belonging to 11 species were isolated, during April 2011 to September 2012. Two Gram-positive, Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis), and nine Gram-negative bacteria, Acinetobacter baumannii, Citrobacter sp., Escherichia coli, Enterobacter aerogenes, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Klebsiella oxytoca, Proteus mirabilis, Proteus vulgaris and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were isolated. Both S. aureus and E. faecalis were vancomycin resistant, and resistant-strains of all pathogens increased in each 6-month period of study. Particularly, all Gram-negatives were resistant to nitrofurantoin and co-trimoxazole, the most preferred antibiotics of empiric therapy for UTI. CONCLUSIONS Antibiograms of 11 UTI-causing bacteria recorded in this study indicated moderately higher numbers of strains resistant to each antibiotic studied, generating the fear of precipitating fervent episodes in public health particularly with bacteria, Acinetobacter baumannii, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae and S. aureus. Moreover, vancomycin resistance in strains of S. aureus and E. faecalis is a matter of concern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monali Priyadarsini Mishra
- Department of Microbiology, IMS & Sum Hospital, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan University, Kalinga Nagar, Bhubaneswar, 751003, Odisha, India
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Cabassi CS, Taddei S, Cavirani S, Baroni MC, Sansoni P, Romani AA. Broad-spectrum activity of a novel antibiotic peptide against multidrug-resistant veterinary isolates. Vet J 2013; 198:534-7. [PMID: 24084036 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2013.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2013] [Revised: 08/02/2013] [Accepted: 08/19/2013] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The emergence of multidrug resistant (MDR) and extensively drug resistant (XDR) bacteria has become a medical and veterinary problem. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) show potential to overcome antibiotic resistance and could be used therapeutically. A novel AMP (AMP2041) was developed in silico and its microbiocidal activity against MDR clinical strains isolated from cattle (n=6), dogs (n=8), and pigs (n=20) was evaluated. AMP2041 showed strong antimicrobial activity against all Gram-positive and Gram-negative MDR clinical strains tested. Within 20 min of incubation, there was complete killing of Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27953 and a 90% reduction of colony count for Escherichia coli ATCC 25922. For Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, a 90% reduction of colony count was observed within 120 min of incubation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clotilde Silvia Cabassi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Medico-Veterinarie, Università degli Studi di Parma, via del Taglio 10, 43126 Parma, Italy.
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